Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speed Sensorless and Sensor-Fault Tolerant Optimal PI Regulator for Networked DC Motor System With Unknown Time-Delay and Packet Dropout

Sensorless and sensor-fault-resilient control of a networked dc motor system (NDCMS) with an optimal integral-square-error proportional-integral (PI) controller is considered, while network-induced delays and packet dropouts are taken into account. A sliding-mode observer is developed to estimate rotor speed and unknown load torque for the networked system. Then, a PI controller is designed such that the overall NDCMS with complete or partial sensor failure is stabilized and a linear quadratic cost function is sufficiently minimized. Optimal controller parameters are determined by solving bilinear matrix inequalities. The numerical and experimental tests are performed to evaluate the feasibility and applicability of the networked sensorless or sensor-fault-tolerant controller. The results show good performance in both estimation and control objectives.
The Effect of Knowledge Maps That Incorporate Gestalt Principles on Learning

Abstract Knowledge maps have been found to be an effective communication tool for organizing information so that it can be recalled later. It was predicted that adding gestalt principles of similarity (using colors and shapes) and proximity (using groupings) would complement the information-organization feature of knowledge maps and thereby enhance recall. The students were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 study formats (text, unenhanced maps, and enhanced maps) and were asked to study the information in them. Following a distraction task, the students completed a free-recall task. Returning 2 weeks later, the students again engaged in free recall. The students remembered more during immediate than during delayed recall, and the students who had studied enhanced maps recalled more information than the students who had studied unenhanced maps or text. The results suggest that the use of color, shape, and proximity facilitated learning by improving the organization of information.
Negotiating Differences in Small Urban Schools

This study investigates the effects of widely advocated organizational reform for secondary schools, namely the small school model, on the collective efficacy of teachers and students who did not share the school’s common vision. Themes that emerged during the study linked the students’ academic engagement to faculty dispositions, the physical facilities of the school, and the socioeconomic context of the student body. Cogenerative dialogue (cogen) was used as a pathway to ameliorate such exclusionary policy. The results of the study indicate that the conversations during cogen meetings became resources to draw on in changing oppressive structural features.
Paternalistic Leadership and Subordinate Responses: Establishing a Leadership Model in Chinese Organizations

Paternalistic leadership (PL) is the prevalent leadership style in Chinese business organizations. With an approach similar to patriarchy, PL entails an evident and powerful authority that shows consideration for subordinates with moral leadership. Although PL is widespread in Chinese business organizations, very few studies have focused on this leadership style and those that have were simply conceptual analyses and not empirical studies. We sampled 543 subordinates from local businesses in Taiwan to investigate PL, Western transformational leadership, and subordinate responses to these two leadership styles. Our hypotheses were as follows: (1) PL has a significant and unique effect on subordinate responses compared to Western transformational leadership; (2) there exists an interaction between the three elements of PL (benevolence, morality, and authoritarianism)and subordinate responses; and (3) the authority orientation of a subordinate's traditionality has a moderating effect upon the relation between PL and subordinate responses. Statistical analyses generally supported these hypotheses. Directions for follow-up studies are offered and implications for leadership theory and practice are discussed.
Laboratory and Field Evaluations of Pervious Concrete Table of Contents Abstract I Chapter 1 2 1.1 Problem Statement and Research Objectives 2 Chapter 2 4 2.1 Background 4 2.2 Pervious Concrete Pavements 4 2.3 Admixtures 4 2.4 Fly Ash 4

This study evaluates the factors affecting the testing of strength and hydraulic parameters of pervious concrete pavement (PCP), presents results of long-term infiltration monitoring and cleaning operations, and investigates freeze-thaw durability of pervious concrete and the effects of fly ash. The specific objectives of this study were to: (1) determine how rubber capping and sulfur capping affect compressive strength measurements of PCP; (2) determine the effects of height to diameter (H:D) ratio of cylindrical specimens on compressive strength measurements of PCP; (3) compare various methods used to determine infiltration rate of PCP in the field to one another and to laboratory measurements of hydraulic conductivity; (4) monitor two PCP facilities in Vermont for changes to infiltration rate over time; (5) evaluate the effects of various cleaning methods on the restoration of infiltration rates; (6) determine the effects of deicing salts on pervious concrete, using a modified and more field representative testing procedure that involves slow freeze-thaw cycling in drained condition, and (7) determine the effects of cement replacement with increasing amounts of fly ash on the freeze-thaw durability of pervious concrete. In addition, the results of this study were used to suggest correlations to the field observations seen at several pervious concrete sites in Vermont. Capping with rubber pads was found to provide more consistent compressive strength measurements compared to sulfur capping for both H:D ratios studied. H:D ratios less than the standard 2:1 were found to increase results of compressive strength measurements; however, a ratio of 1:1 was found to provide inconsistent results. Compressive strength specimens with H:D ratios less than 2:1 can be divided by 1.1 to estimate compressive strength of 2:1 H:D specimens. Results of laboratory hydraulic conductivity, single ring, double ring and falling head infiltrometer testing were found to correlate linearly to one another with a relation of 1.0 : 1.8 : 1.5 : 9.0 for 6” thick PCP. Long-term field monitoring of infiltration rates indicated reductions of 59% and 26% for the facilities investigated. Cleaning methods were found to differ in effectiveness, with average restoration rates of 21% for street sweeping, 30% for vacuum truck cleaning, 85% for pressure washing, 10% for hand vacuuming, and 100% for combined pressure washing and vacuuming. Sodium Chloride deicing salt at 8%, followed by 4 and 2% resulted in the greatest freeze-thaw damage. Water alone did not result in damage during 100 one per day freeze-thaw cycles. Fly Ash replacement of 10 and 20% showed a decrease in freeze-thaw damage as compared to a control mix with no fly ash replacement.
An exploration of the effect of servicescape on student institution choice in UK universities

In recent years there has been increased discussion of the subjective, emotional and sociological factors influencing student choice of university. However, there is a dearth of information exploring what constitutes these feelings. This exploratory paper uses the conceptual model of the servicescape to provide insight into the emotional factors driving student choice. In-depth interviews with prospective students revealed that first impressions really do count. Students are deterred by poor physical environments and excited by enthusiastic staff and students. Most significantly, the study revealed the necessity of a restorative servicescape to provide both a sense of escape and feeling of belonging. This paper contributes to broadening the application of the servicescape model and to a greater understanding of the impact of the environment on prospective students, and creates an opportunity to inform policy by providing university marketing decision makers with a better understanding of what constitutes the university environment and what makes it appealing to prospective students.
The design of maximally smooth wavelets

A method for designing more regular (more differentiable) scaling functions than the Daubechies (1992) wavelets is presented. The approach is to numerically minimize the Holder exponent (a measure of smoothness) subject to constraints on the autocorrelation sequence of the scaling filter. The "maximally smooth" wavelets which result have a Holder exponent which grows faster than that of the Daubechies orthogonal wavelets, as the filter length increases. This is achieved by relaxing some of the vanishing moment conditions.
EEG Biofeedback Treatment of ADD

Abstract: Literature searches dating back to 1968 were conducted through Psychlit and Medline services to review the scientific literature on EEG biofeedback treatment of ADD. While anecdotal and case reports cite promising evidence, methodological problems coupled with a paucity of research precludes any definitive conclusions as to the efficacy of enhanced alpha and hemisphere‐specific EEG biofeedback training. One of the more promising EEG biofeedback treatment paradigms involves theta/beta training. Studies have reported that academic, intellectual, and behavioral gains have been attained with this approach. Significant behavioral and cognitive changes have also been reported following SMR training. However, research into these treatment approaches has also been marred by methodological inadequacies and lack of sufficient follow‐up studies. A number of recommendations for future research into this treatment approach are made.
Effect of surgical adhesion reduction devices on the propagation of experimental intra-abdominal infection.

HYPOTHESIS The use of certain surgical adhesion reduction devices where there is a risk of concomitant bacterial contamination potentiates intra-abdominal infection. DESIGN Evaluation of adhesion reduction devices in an experimental model of intra-abdominal infection. SETTING Experimental animal model. INTERVENTIONS Adhesion reduction devices were administered at the time of bacterial challenge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Animal mortality rate, abscess formation, and bacterial counts in peritoneal fluid and blood cultures. RESULTS The use of bioresorbable membrane adhesion reduction devices in the presence or absence of antibiotic therapy did not alter the disease process as compared with appropriate control groups. However, adhesion reduction gels prepared from sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose chemically modified with carbodiimide or ferric ion complexed sodium hyaluronate increased the incidence of peritonitis in treated animals. Gel formulations containing diimide-modified carboxymethylcellulose did not have this effect. CONCLUSIONS The use of certain adhesion reduction devices resulted in the propagation of intra-abdominal infection in an experimental rat model. This outcome was dependent on the composition of the device employed. The use of adhesion reduction devices should be tested in appropriate models of infection where there is the risk of concomitant bacterial contamination.
Genetics of Natural Competence in Vibrio cholerae and other Vibrios.

Many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can become naturally competent to take up extracellular DNA from the environment via a dedicated uptake apparatus. The genetic material that is acquired can (i) be used for nutrients, (ii) aid in genome repair, and (iii) promote horizontal gene transfer when incorporated onto the genome by homologous recombination, the process of "transformation. " Recent studies have identified multiple environmental cues sufficient to induce natural transformation in Vibrio cholerae and several other Vibrio species. In V. cholerae, nutrient limitation activates the cAMP receptor protein regulator, quorum-sensing signals promote synthesis of HapR-controlled QstR, chitin stimulates production of TfoX, and low extracellular nucleosides allow CytR to serve as an additional positive regulator. The network of signaling systems that trigger expression of each of these required regulators is well described, but the mechanisms by which each in turn controls competence apparatus genes is poorly understood. Recent work has defined a minimal set of genes that encode apparatus components and begun to characterize the architecture of the machinery by fluorescence microscopy. While studies with a small set of V. cholerae reference isolates have identified regulatory and competence genes required for DNA uptake, future studies may identify additional genes and regulatory connections, as well as revealing how common natural competence is among diverse V. cholerae isolates and other Vibrio species.
Improving Geographic Profiling through Commuter/Marauder Prediction

One of the most talked about new technologies in the field of crime analysis is geographic profiling, an investigative methodology that uses the locations of a connected series of crimes to determine the most probable offender anchor point. Although geographic profiling software has been around since the early 1990s the science of geographic profiling has languished considerably. Much of the research on geographic profiling over the last 15 years has focused on developing new software platforms and providing case study analysis, rather than on critically evaluating issues of effectiveness and accuracy. This lack of research has created a void in which many questions about geographic profiling still exist, such as: is there an effective method for determining if a crime series can be profiled? , and what role does opportunity structure play in profile results? It is because of this void that the current research has been conducted. The focus of this research is on developing basic spatial analysis methods that can improve the overall accuracy and effectiveness of geographic profiles. In particular, this research seeks to develop simple spatial diagnostics that can be used to assist in deciding which cases are capable of being profiled as well as improving overall profile accuracy. In addition to research results this presentation will include a discussion of the implications of these findings for practitioners of geographic profiling.
The Political Socialization of Adolescents in Canada: Differential Effects of Civic Education on Visible Minorities

Abstract. It is assumed that civic education has persistent effects on political attitudes and behaviours of young citizens. There is no consensus, however, on what kind of efforts have the strongest effects on specific outcomes, like political knowledge and intended political participation. In some of the older literature, it has been shown that effects of civic education are stronger for children from a visible minority background. This article takes up these questions using a dataset with a sample of 15–17-year olds from Canada (n = 3,334). The results show that active efforts for civic education can make a difference. Especially community service, a rather new form of civic education, fosters political knowledge and conventional future participation. However, in Canada, adolescents from a visible minority background do not benefit disproportionately from civic education efforts. Résumé. On soutient que l'éducation à la citoyenneté amène des effets positifs durables sur les attitudes et les comportements politiques des jeunes. Toutefois, il n'existe pas de consensus concernant les efforts spécifiques les plus fructueux pour stimuler les connaissances et la participation politiques. Dans cet article nous examinons premièrement l'ampleur des effets de l'éducation à la citoyenneté. Deuxièmement, nous examinons la thèse selon laquelle ce sont les minorités visibles qui bénéficient le plus de ces efforts – position défendue dans une partie de la littérature plus ancienne sur le sujet. Ces deux questions sont étudiées quantitativement en utilisant un groupe témoin de jeunes Canadiens de 15 à 17 ans (n = 3334). Les résultats révèlent que les efforts actifs dans le domaine de l'éducation à la citoyenneté ont un effet sur les attitudes et les comportements politiques. Le service communautaire, entre autres, une nouvelle forme d'éducation à la citoyenneté, sensibilise les jeunes à la politique et favorise leur participation conventionnelle future. Nous ne trouvons pas, en revanche, d'effet différentiel notable chez les adolescents des minorités visibles.
From Possible to Probable: The Psychology of Competitive Advantage

This article responds to and extends the commentaries on the psychology of competitive advantage focal article. In general, the commentaries stressed that (a) the connection between industrial–organizational (I–O) psychology and strategy should go beyond resource-based theory and competitive advantage, (b) there are some existing examples of strategic I–O research, and (c) practitioners are already integrating I–O psychology with strategy. In this article, I use these commentaries as a means of generating actionable steps (e.g., research studies) to make the strategic adjacent possibility a reality. I conclude by arguing that understanding the psychology underlying firm competitiveness is the defining question of our time, and perhaps even the future of I–O psychology.
STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC MODELING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN EEG SIGNAL

The occurrence and risk of recurrence of brain related injuries and diseases are difficult to characterize due to various factors including inter-individual variability. A useful approach is to analyze the brain electroencephalogram (EEG) for differences in brain frequency bands in the signals obtained from potentially injured and healthy normal subjects. However, significant shortcomings include: (1) contrary to empirical evidence, current spectral signal analysis based methods often assume that the EEG signal is linear and stationary; (2) nonlinear time series analysis methods are mostly numerical and do not possess any predictive features. In this work, we develop models based on stochastic differential equations that can output signals with similar frequency and magnitude characteristics of the brain EEG. Initially, a coupled linear oscillator model with a large number of degrees of freedom is developed and shown to capture the characteristics of the EEG signal in the major brain frequency bands. Then, a nonlinear stochastic model based on the Duffing oscillator with far fewer degrees of freedom is developed and shown to produce outputs that can closely match the EEG signal. It is shown that such a compact nonlinear model can provide better insight into EEG dynamics through only few parameters, which is a step towards developing a framework with predictive capabilities for addressing brain injuries.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Hypothermia for severe traumatic brain injury in adults: Recent lessons from randomized controlled trials

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the United States, severe TBI is managed according to recommendations set forth in 2007 by the Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF), which were based on relatively low quality clinical trials. These guidelines prescribed the use of hypothermia for the management of TBI. Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of hypothermia for TBI have since been conducted. Despite this new literature, there is ongoing controversy surrounding the use of hypothermia for the management of severe TBI. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for all RCTs of hypothermia for TBI since 2007 with the intent to review the methodology outcomes of these trials. Furthermore, we aimed to develop evidence-based, expert opinions based on these recent studies. Results: We identified 8 RCTs of therapeutic hypothermia published since 2007 that focused on changes in neurologic outcomes or mortality in patients with severe TBI. The majority of these trials did not identify improvement with the use of hypothermia, though there were subgroups of patients that may have benefited from hypothermia. Differences in methodology prevented direct comparison between studies. Conclusions: A growing body of literature disfavors the use of hypothermia for the management of severe TBI. In general, empiric hypothermia for severe TBI should be avoided. However, based on the results of recent trials, there may be some patients, such as those in Asian centers or with focal neurologic injury, who may benefit from hypothermia.
Learning from avatars: Learning assistants practice physics pedagogy in a classroom simulator

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Preparing and Supporting University Physics Educators. ] Undergraduate students are increasingly being used to support course transformations that incorporate research-based instructional strategies. While such students are typically selected based on strong content knowledge and possible interest in teaching, they often do not have previous pedagogical training. The current trainingmodelsmake use of real students or classmates role playing as students as the test subjects.We present a new environment for facilitating the practice of physics pedagogy skills, a highly immersive mixed-reality classroom simulator, and assess its effectiveness for undergraduate physics learning assistants (LAs). LAs prepared, taught, and reflected on a lesson about motion graphs for five highly interactive computer generated student avatars in the mixed-reality classroom simulator. To assess the effectiveness of the simulator for this population,we analyzed the pedagogical skills LAs intended to practice and exhibited during their lessons and explored LAs’ descriptions of their experiences with the simulator. Our results indicate that the classroom simulator created a safe, effective environment forLAs to practice a variety of skills, such as questioning styles and wait time. Additionally, our analysis revealed areas for improvement in our preparation of LAs and use of the simulator. We conclude with a summary of research questions this environment could facilitate.
Treatment of myasthenia gravis with anti‐CD4 antibody

We treated a patient with severe myasthenia gravis with a chimeric (murine/human) anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (cM-T412) for 7 days and followed the therapeutic effect by standardized muscle function tests, single-fiber electromyography, and immunologic examinations of disease-specific B- and T-cell functions. Clinical and electrophysiologic improvement began within 4 days, lasted for 3 months, and was maximal between days 16 and 58. The CD4+ lymphocytes decreased to a minimum of 80 cells per μl of peripheral blood, recovered slowly during the first year of follow-up, and did not correlate with changes in disease severity. T-cell stimulation by human acetylcholine receptor was abolished by the treatment but became detectable at the time of worsening of symptoms. The concentration of acetylcholine receptor antibodies in serum was not decreased by the treatment. The results suggest that anti-CD4 antibody administration could be effective in the treatment of severe myasthenia gravis and indicate that acetylcholine receptor-specific T lymphocytes might contribute to the disturbed neuromuscular transmission in the disease.