Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Infectivity and Evasion Derived from Microvesicles Cargo Produced by Trypanosoma cruzi

Cell invasion by the intracellular protozoans requires interaction of proteins from both the host and the parasite. Many parasites establish chronic infections, showing they have the potential to escape the immune system; for example, Trypanosoma cruzi is an intracellular parasite that causes Chagas disease. Parasite internalization into host cell requires secreted and surface molecules, such as microvesicles. The release of microvesicles and other vesicles, such as exosomes, by different eukaryotic organisms was first observed in the late twentieth century. The characterization and function of these vesicles have recently been the focus of several investigations. In this review, we discuss the release of microvesicles by T. cruzi. The molecular content of these vesicles is composed of several molecules that take place during parasite-host cell interaction and contribute to the parasite-driven mechanism of evasion from the host immune system. These new findings appear to have a profound impact on the comprehension of T. cruzi biology and highlight novel potential strategies for developing more efficient therapeutic approaches.
Flexible Collective Bargaining Agreements: Still a Moderating Effect on Works Council Behaviour?

We analyse the interaction between different labour market institutions in Germany, a country with a long tradition of strong bargaining partners. A number of studies have established that industry-level bargaining exerts a moderating role on firm-level co-determination: works councils generate rather than redistribute rents in plants covered by collective bargaining agreements. This work analyses whether these findings still hold, given recent developments in the German system of industrial relations towards more bargaining decentralisation, such as opening clauses or company-level pacts for employment. In addition, we provide evidence pertaining to whether labour market reforms targeted at one institution (a push of collective bargaining agreements towards more flexibility) are counteracted by altering the effects of other, unaffected institutions (the rent-seeking behaviour of works councils). Analysing institutional changes and augmenting a theoretical model provides hypotheses, which are then tested using empirical analysis of representative German plant level data. We find that the existence of flexibility provisions in collective bargaining agreements do not drive works council behaviour towards rent-seeking. Regarding rent-generation, we find an amplifying effect: works council existence is associated with higher productivity in plants covered by industry-level contracts. These findings, however, depend on the level of collective bargaining: they do not hold in plants covered by firm-level contracts.
Contribution of a Disk Component to Single Peaked Broad Lines of Active Galactic Nuclei

We study the disk emission component hidden in the single-peaked Broad Emission Lines (BELs) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We compare the observed broad lines from a sample of 90 Seyfert 1 spectra taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with simulated line profiles. We consider a two-component Broad Line Region (BLR) model where an accretion disk and a surrounding non-disk region with isotropic cloud velocities generate the simulated BEL profiles. The analysis is mainly based in measurements of the full widths (at 10%, 20% and 30% of the maximum intensity) and of the asymmetries of the line profiles. Comparing these parameters for the simulated and observed H$\alpha$ broad lines, we {found} that the hidden disk emission {may} be present in BELs even if the characteristic {of two peaked line profiles is} absent. For the available sample of objects (Seyfert 1 galaxies with single-peaked BELs), our study indicates that, {in the case of the hidden disk emission in single peaked broad line profiles}, the disk inclination tends to be small (mostly $i<25^\circ$) and that the contribution of the disk emission to the total flux should be smaller than the contribution of the surrounding region.
Rumor Identification and Belief Investigation on Twitter

Social media users spend several hours a day to read, post and search for news on microblogging platforms. Social media is becoming a key means for discovering news. However, verifying the trustworthiness of this information is becoming even more challenging. In this study, we attempt to address the problem of rumor detection and belief investigation on Twitter. Our deﬁnition of rumor is an unveriﬁable statement, which spreads mis-information or disinformation. We adopt a supervised rumors classiﬁcation task using the standard dataset. By employing the Tweet Latent Vector (TLV) feature, which creates a 100-d vector representative of each tweet, we increased the rumor retrieval task precision up to 0.972. We also introduce the belief score and study the belief change among the rumor posters between 2010 and 2016.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Messenger RNA Abundance in Human NM 23-H 2 and NM 23-H 1 Updated

nm23 was originally identified as an antimetastatic gene, the expression of which was inversely correlated with tumor metastatic potential in rodent model systems. Subsequently, two related human nm23 genes, nm23-HI and nm23-H2, were identified. The relationship between expres sion of nm23-Hl and nm23-H2 in hepatocellular carcinoma specimens from 30 patients and metastatic potential was investigated with the use of a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR procedure. The abundance of nm23-HI and nm23-H2 mRNA was compared with serum a-fetoprotein concentration, tumor size (maximum diameter), and histopathological parameters such as portal vein tumor thrombus, intrahepatic metastasis, capsular formation, capsular infiltration, differentiation of tumor cells, and TNM stage. The abundance of nm23-Hl mRNA showed a significant inverse correlation with intrahepatic metastasis and TNM stage. Further more, we confirmed that reduced expression of nm23-Hl mRNA was in accordance with a reduced amount of NM23-H1 protein using Western blot analysis. No correlation was apparent between nm23-H2 mRNA abundance and intrahepatic metastasis. These data support the conclusion that nm23-Hl may play a more important role than nm23-H2 in intrahe patic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, nm23-Hl mRNA abundance may be a predictor of intrahepatic metastasis, the most important factor correlated with the metastatic potential of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Design and implementation of a 118 MHz 2D DCT processor

Frequency analysis using the discrete cosine transforms (DCT) is an obvious choice for digital signal and image processing domain. This paper describes the implementation of 2D-DCT processor for the synchronous design in a Xilinx VertexIV FPGA device. The DCT core architecture is based on the distributed arithmetic. The total dynamic power of the processor is 371 mW, in an operating frequency of 118.2 MHz is achieved. The paper presents the trade-offs involved in designing the architecture, the design for performance issues and the possibilities for future development.
PERILAKU SEKSUAL WABAL DI TINJAU DARI KUALITAS KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA-ANAK TENTANG SEKSUALITAS

Fenomena wanita baulan atau yang lebih populer disebut wabal dikalangan anak muda merupakan suatu hal yang biasa. Pada umumnya dilakukan secara bergonta-ganti pasangan berdasarkan perasaan suka sama suka dan tidak bersifat komersil. Perilaku seksual pada remaja wabal dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya komunikasi orang tua-anak yang kurang efektif dan kepribadian locus of control yang cenderung eksternal (Magdalena, 2000). Menurut Amrillah, dkk (2006) kurangnya pengetahuan seksualitas dan kualitas komunikasi orang tua-anak dapat menyebabkan perilaku seksual pra-nikah pada remaja. Berdasarkan sebuah penelitian mengenai perilaku seksual remaja SMA di wilayah Solo tahun 2005 yang dilakukan Taufik terungkap 30% siswa yang berpacaran pernah melakukan hubungan seksual sebelum menikah (Dek dalam Wulandari, dkk, 2006). Simandjuntak (1981) menyatakan faktor-faktor penyebab perilaku seksual wabal di bedakan menjadi dua, yaitu: faktor individual yaitu faktor yang berasal dari dalam diri individu dan faktor sosial yaitu faktor yang berasal dari luar individu, sedangkan faktor yang paling menentukan timbulnya perilaku seksual wabal adalah faktor sosial yang berupa lingkungan pergaulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang perilaku seks bebas remaja putri yang biasa disebut wabal, khususnya dilihat dari kualitas komunikasi orang tua-anak tentang seksualitas. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh dilapangan dikelompokkan dalam kategori yang telah ditentukan. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri, berusia 15 – 22 tahun, siswi atau mahasiswi dan menjalankan aktivitas seks bebas, berdomisili di wilayah Surakarta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perilaku seksual yang dilakukan oleh informan disebabkan karena rasa penasaran atau coba-coba yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan pergaulan, tidak adanya komunikasi antara orang tua dengan informan mengenai masalah seksualitas. Oleh karena tidak adanya komunikasi yang efektif tentang seksualitas menyebabkan hilangnya kepercayaan dari informan untuk menceritakan masalah-masalahnya kepada orang tua, dan cenderung lebih percaya menceritakannya kepada temannya. Kata Kunci: Perilaku seksual wabal, kualitas komunikasi orang tua-anak tentang seksualitas
Bridging the Mutual Knowledge Gap: Coordination and the Commercialization of University Science

We examine why commercialization of interdisciplinary research, especially from distant scientific domains, is different from commercialization of inventions from specialized or proximate domains. We argue that anticipated coordination costs arising from the need to transfer technology to licensee firms and from the need for an inventor team's members to work together to further develop a technology significantly impact commercialization outcomes. We use a sample of 3,776 university invention disclosures to test whether variation in the types of experience of the scientists on a team influences the likelihood that an invention will be licensed. We proffer evidence to support our hypotheses that anticipated coordination costs influence whether an invention is licensed and that specific forms of team experience attenuate such coordination costs. The implications of these findings for theories of coordination, innovation, and entrepreneurship are discussed.
The Parent-Adolescent Relationship and College Adjustment over the Freshman Year

This study investigates whether the parent-adolescent relationship is related to the academic, social, and personal-emotional expectations of adjustment and actual adjustment to college during the transition to college. The mother-adolescent relationship was more consistently linked to college adjustment than the father-adolescent relationship both crosssectionally and longitudinally, and students identified their parents and especially their mother amongst the first people who they go to for support. More African Americans than students from other ethnic backgrounds and more dormitory residents than commuters identified their mother as their first supportive figure, suggesting that the students’ living arrangements and their cultural backgrounds need to be taken under consideration when studying this transitional period. INDEX WORDS: Mother-adolescent relationship, Father-adolescent relationship, College adjustment, College expectations, Academic, Social, Personal-emotional THE PARENT-ADOLESCENT RELATIONSHIP AND COLLEGE ASJUSTMENT OVER THE FRESHMAN YEAR
Assessment of Communications-related Admissions Criteria in a Three-year Pharmacy Program

Objective. To determine if there is a correlation between TOEFL and other admissions criteria that assess communications skills (ie, PCAT variables: verbal, reading, essay, and composite), interview, and observational scores and to evaluate TOEFL and these admissions criteria as predictors of academic performance. Methods. Statistical analyses included two sample t tests, multiple regression and Pearson’s correlations for parametric variables, and Mann-Whitney U for nonparametric variables, which were conducted on the retrospective data of 162 students, 57 of whom were foreign-born. Results. The multiple regression model of the other admissions criteria on TOEFL was significant. There was no significant correlation between TOEFL scores and academic performance. However, significant correlations were found between the other admissions criteria and academic performance. Conclusion. Since TOEFL is not a significant predictor of either communication skills or academic success of foreign-born PharmD students in the program, it may be eliminated as an admissions criterion.
Biomarkers and personalized therapy in chronic kidney diseases

Numerous clinical trials are currently evaluating new strategies to halt the progression of renal damage in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Unfortunately, none of them have considered that the lack of response to new therapies may be due to the pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics profile of the patient. The recent impact of high-throughput technologies used in genomics, proteomics and metabolomics may open a new way for discovering biomarkers that can provide us information about the mechanisms on the progression of renal damage. However, they can also be used for diagnosis and for selecting drugs, leading to personalized tailored therapy. The uses of classifiers formed by a list of genes, proteins and metabolites have been introduced into oncology and organ transplantation. These new approaches have recently also been used in the care of human glomerulonephritis. Integrating the large omic data sets with drug and disease databases could give the prediction of drug efficacy and side effects in CKDs.
Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Autograft Versus Allograft in Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background: Bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) is a common autograft and allograft source used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Although the failure rate is generally higher for allografts, donor site morbidity and anterior knee pain can be issues with BPTB autografts. Controversy exists regarding the functional outcomes, complications, and knee stability of these grafts, previous comparisons of which have been based on smaller samples of case series. Purpose: To compare BPTB autografts to allografts for ACL reconstruction, specifically with regard to patient satisfaction, return to preinjury activity level, and postoperative functional outcomes. Study Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: A total of 76 studies published between 1998 and 2012, including a total of 5182 patients, were reviewed. It was not required for studies to be comparative in nature. Outcomes evaluated were graft rupture rate, return to preinjury activity level, overall and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, Tegner activity, Cincinnati Knee Rating System, pivot shift, and single-legged hop tests, as well as KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference and presence of anterior knee pain. Summary odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare BPTB autografts to allografts for each outcome. Results: Outcomes on subjective IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner, single-legged hop, and KT-1000 arthrometer were statistically significantly in favor of autografts. Return to preinjury activity level, overall IKDC, pivot shift, and anterior knee pain were significantly in favor of allografts, although allograft BPTB demonstrated a 3-fold increase in rerupture rates compared with autograft (12.7% vs 4.3%). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups for Cincinnati Knee scores. Conclusion: Patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with BPTB autografts demonstrate lower rates of graft rupture, lower levels of knee laxity, and improved single-legged hop test results and are more generally satisfied postoperatively compared with patients undergoing reconstruction with allograft BPTB.
Coronary Arteritis and Arterial Remodeling in Kawasaki Disease: Immunohistochemical Study

This study aimed to develop innovative therapy to prevent obstructive coronary arterial lesions in Kawasaki disease (KD). We studied fundamental mechanisms related to arteritis in acute phase and remodeling of the arteries in convalescent and late phase. We examined formalin-fixed specimens of coronary arteries from 18 patients with KD by immunohistochemical staining. We used antibodies against various vascular growth factors, including TGFβ1, PDGF-A, bFGF, VEGF and their receptors. We also used cell type-specific antibodies to CD68, CD34, factor VIII and α-actin. In acute phase (15th day of illness), severe edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the arteries, especially in the area from adventitia to intima. In convalescent phase (2.5-12.5 months after onset), we observed synthesis of loose gelatinous extra-cellular matrix (ECM) that leads to intimal thickening and occlusion of aneurysmal lumen. Inflammatory cells, such as iNOS+ cells, VEGF+ cells, and CD68+ macrophages, infiltrated in the ECM of subendothelial layer and deep intima by one year after onset of KD. Among the infiltrating cells, a large number of CD34+ cells, Tie2+ cells and KDR+ cells, known as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), were seen to migrate from adventitia to deep intima. In the later convalescent phase, the loose gelatinous ECM was replaced by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and collagen fibers. In late phase (2.5-19 years after onset), the growth factors were strongly expressed in proliferating SMCs of progressively thickening intima. In conclusion, this study indicated that the remodeling of coronary arteries begins with synthesis of ECM in the intima and cellular infiltration. Thereafter, vascularization, remarkable proliferation of SMCs and fibrosis are occurred in order. In addition, it became obvious the remarkable vascularization in KD depends on not only angiogenesis but also postnatal vasculogenesis that was proved by infiltration of a large number of EPCs.
Throughput Capacity of Multi-channel Hybrid Wireless Network with Antenna Support

Capacity is one fundamental problem in wireless networks. Directional antennas to wireless networks can decrease interference and increase spatial reuse. Thus, it is a great technolog y to improve throughput capacity of wireless networks. In the paper, the upper and lower bounds of multi-channel hybrid wireless network with antenna supported are investigated. Both simplified antenna model and hybrid antenna model are addressed. Moreover, two scaling regimes are identified, based on the growth of the number of channels relative to that of interfaces.
Laboratory tests of headache disorders – dawn of a new era?

Context The classification of headache disorders has improved over the years, but further work is needed to develop and improve headache diagnosis within headache subtypes. The present review is a call for action to implement laboratory tests in the classification and management of primary and some secondary headaches. Background In this narrative review we present and discuss published tests that might be useful in phenotyping and/or diagnosis of long-lasting headache disorders such as migraine, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, trigeminal neuralgia and persisting secondary headaches. Aim The palpometer test, quantitative sensory testing, nociceptive blink reflex and autonomic tests may be valuable to phenotype and/or diagnose subforms of migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache, trigeminal neuralgia and medication-overuse headache. Provocation tests with glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) may be valuable in subclassification of migraine and cluster headache. Lumbar pressure monitoring and optical coherence tomography may valuable tools to diagnose and follow patients with chronic headache and raised intracranial pressure. Finding A number of laboratory tests in headache research are presently available, but have primarily been performed in single research studies or a few studies that differ in methods and patient groups. At present, there is no evidence-based strategy for implementing diagnostic tests, but this could be achieved if well-reputed tertiary headache centers commence developing and implementing laboratory tests in order to improve the classification and treatment of headache patients.
A New Genetic Algorithm for the Quadratic Assignment Problem

In this paper we propose several variants of a new genetic algorithm for the solution of the quadratic assignment problem. We designed a special merging rule for creating an offspring that exploits the special structure of the problem. We also designed a new type of a tabu search, which we term aconcentric tabu search. This tabu search is applied on the offspring before consideration for inclusion in the population. The algorithm provided excellent results for a set of 29 test problems having between 30 and 100 facilities.
A relay subset selection scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks based on channel state information

We propose a relay subset selection method for two-hop Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) where the source-relay links are modeled as time-varying fading channels. Assuming perfect channel estimation at relays, the channel state is quantized to binary levels, called as Good and Bad states, and is modeled by a Gilbert-Elliott channel. The relays compress their quantized channel state information and transmit to a fusion centre. The fusion centre selects the smallest possible subset such that each transmitted source bit is received in a Good channel state by at least one of the relays in that subset. We show through simulations that selecting this subset for relaying the information to the source, reduces the transmission power compared to a conventional all-relay transmit scheme, while maintaining the end-to-end bit error rate below a desired threshold.
A stochastic rank ordered logit model for rating multi-competitor games and sports

Abstract Many games and sports, including races, involve outcomes in which competitors are rank ordered. In some sports, competitors may play in multiple events over long periods of time, and it is natural to assume that their abilities change over time. We propose a Bayesian state-space framework for rank ordered logit models to rate competitor abilities over time from the results of multi-competitor games. Our approach assumes competitors’ performances follow independent extreme value distributions, with each competitor’s ability evolving over time as a Gaussian random walk. The model accounts for the possibility of ties, an occurrence that is not atypical in races in which some of the competitors may not finish and therefore tie for last place. Inference can be performed through Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation from the posterior distribution. We also develop a filtering algorithm that is an approximation to the full Bayesian computations. The approximate Bayesian filter can be used for updating competitor abilities on an ongoing basis. We demonstrate our approach to measuring abilities of 268 women from the results of women’s Alpine downhill skiing competitions recorded over the period 2002–2013.