Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Field Dependence and Occupational Activity in the Aged

Prior studies of field dependence of elderly persons have led to questions as to the course of development of this function in the latter decades of life and consideration of the implications of such development for the prediction of longevity. As a first step toward answering such questions, the present study was designed to evaluate effects of increasing age, between 60 and 90, on field dependence and relationships between field dependence and state of activity as represented by gainful employment. 50 Ss recruited from a day center in New York City were given two tests of field dependence. In general, field dependence was found to increase with age. However, there was some suggestion that the rate of such increase may diminish during the seventh or eighth decades. When 20 employed and 20 retired males, aged 60 to 75 were compared, the employed Ss were significantly more field independent than their retired peers.
Voices of Young Adults with Autism and Their Perspective on Life Choices After Secondary Education

3 Dedication and Acknowledgements 4 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 11 Background 11 Situation to Self 16 Problem Statement 16 Purpose Statement/Focus of Inquiry 17 Significance of the Study 18 Research Questions 19 Research Plan 21 Limitations 21 Summary 22 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 24 Introduction 24 Theoretical Framework 24 Review of the Literature 26 Transition from High School into College, Vocational Training, or Work 26 Vocational or Job Training and Transition to Work 31 Social Activities and Relationships 36
D2/3 receptor availability in the striatum and social status in human volunteers

Background— Previous PET imaging studies in non-human primates have shown that striatal dopamine type 2/3 (D 2/3 ) receptors correlate with social hierarchy in monkeys, and that dominant animals exhibit higher levels of D 2/3 receptor binding. The goal of the present study was to examine this phenomena in human subjects using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and the radiotracer [ 11 C]raclopride. Methods— Fourteen healthy volunteers were scanned with [ 11 C]raclopride to measure D 2/3 receptor binding potential. Social status was assessed using the Barratt Simplified Measure of Social Status. In addition, participants were asked to assess their level of social support using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Results— A correlation was seen between social status and dopamine D 2/3 receptors, where volunteers with the higher status had higher values for [ 11 C]raclopride BP. A similar correlation was seen with the perceived social support, where higher [ 11 C]raclopride BP correlated with higher scores on the MSPSS. Conclusions— The results of this study support the hypothesis that social status and social support is correlated with D 2/3 receptor binding.
Resource Failure Prediction in Fine-Grained Cycle Sharing Systems

Fine-Grained Cycle Sharing (FGCS) systems aim at utilizing the large amount of computational resources available on the Internet. In FGCS, host computers allow guest jobsto utilize the CPU cycles if the jobs do not significantly impact the local users of a host. A characteristic of such resources is that they are generally provided voluntarily and their availability fluctuates highly. Guest jobs may incur resource failuresbecause of unexpected resource unavailability. To provide fault tolerance to guest jobs without adding significant computational overhead, failure prediction is required. This paper presents a method to predict resource failures in FGCS systems. It applies a semi-Markov Process and is based on a novel failure model, combining generic hardware-software failures with domain-specific failures in FGCS. We describe the failure prediction framework and its implementation in a production FGCS system named iShare. Through the experiments on an iShare testbed, we demonstrate that the prediction achieves accuracy above 86% on average and outperforms linear time series models, while the computational cost is negligible. Our experi mental results also show that the prediction is robust in the presence of irregular resource failures.
Study of an entropy-consistent Navier–Stokes flux

This paper presents a study to achieve discrete entropy consistency using artificial and physical diffusion mechanisms. The study begins with the one-dimensional viscous Burgers equation, specifically looking at the shock results of entropy-conserved fluxes combined with a few choices of artificial and physical viscous diffusions. The approach is then repeated for the Navier–Stokes equations. Overall, it is demonstrated that the artificial viscosity (or entropy) terms are still needed in addition to physical viscosity to achieve entropy consistency in shock predictions, although one of the artificial terms can be dropped for high viscosity or low Reynolds number flow.
Cellular immunity against Theileria parva and its influence on parasite diversity.

Theileria parva, a tick-borne parasite of African cattle, causes a fatal disease known as East Coast fever. Cattle that recover from the disease develop strong parasite-specific MHC-class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. Protection can be transferred between immune and naïve calves in the CD8+ T cell fraction emanating from a responding lymph node. In vitro studies suggest that this response requires input from activated CD4+ T cells. The T parva life cycle involves developmental stages in mammalian and tick hosts and can lead to a number of different endemic scenarios for the disease. These range from a stable situation with high prevalence of herd infection, but low fatality rates, to a low prevalence/high fatality scenario. The impact on endemic stability is an important consideration for the design of vaccine implementation strategies. For subunit vaccines targeted at T parva schizonts, the principal issue in this regard is whether development of the piroplasm stage is blocked by immunity.
Gender Differences in Cultural Acceptance and Career Orientation Among Internationally Mobile and Non-Internationally Mobile Adolescents

Abstract An adolescent who spends some part of his or her developmental years in one or more countries other than their country of origin or citizenship due to the international work of their parents is called an Internationally Mobile adolescent (IM) or Third Culture Kid (TCK) or Global Nomad (GN) or International School Student (ISS). Research has suggested that these adolescents develop greater cultural acceptance; they have an increased openness to learning other languages; they generally are satisfied living abroad; they wish to maintain geographically mobile lives; and they are interested in future international careers. Interestingly, gender differences on these variables with internationally mobile adolescents have not appeared in the professional literature even though there is a voluminous literature with other groups. This reanalysis used data from the largest known study of internationally mobile adolescents on two continents with peers who have maintained residence in only one country throughout their lives (N = 1,076). Findings support the impression of consistent gender differences. This analysis suggests the possibility that living abroad is a crucial experience to develop female interest in international careers. The largest and most meaningful differences in this study are between females who have lived abroad and both males and females who have not, and between females and males who have never lived abroad.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 ICP4 deletion mutant virus d120 infection failed to induce apoptosis in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells

It has been suggested that terminally differentiated neuronal cells and mitotic cells respond differently in many aspects to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. The ICP4-deleted, Us3-defective, HSV-1 mutant strain d120 induces classical apoptosis in a variety of mitotic cell lines. Its behavior in postmitotic cells is not known. Here the authors report that mutant d120 virus failed to induce apoptosis in neuronal-like, nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells. More strikingly, rather than inducing apoptosis, d120 infection prolonged the life of nondividing NGF-differentiated PC12 cells in the culture flask. The virus genome had a half-life of 30 days. Unlike in other cells, such as Vero, neither wild-type nor d120 infection of NGF-differentiated PC12 cells induced the nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 pathway, which has been associated with virus-induced apoptosis. Thus, the authors demonstrate, for the first time, that a potent apoptosis inducer mutant d120 failed to induce apoptosis in neuronal-like NGF-differentiated PC12 cells, unlike a number of other cell lines studied. The possible mechanisms involved in the failure of d120 to induce apoptosis in neuronal-like NGF-differentiated PC12 cells are discussed.
Actinidia macrosperma C. F. Liang (a Wild Kiwi): Preliminary Study of Its Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities

The antioxidant potential of Actinidia macrosperma C. F. Liang (Actinidiaceae) was investigated in vitro for total phenolic content, along with total antioxidant activity (TAA), 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and lipid peroxidation (LP). The results indicated that different polarity extracts of A. macrosperma exhibit different biological activities, which depends mainly on the presence of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was in the following decreasing order: MeOH extract > EtOAc extract > aqueous extract > CHCl3 extract > Hexane extract. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of this plant by MTT dye assay using SMMC-7721 has been determined also. The hexane, EtOAc, and CHCl3 extracts showed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Methanol and aqueous extracts, however, showed weak activities in this test. And a very significant cytotoxic activity, not significantly different from the positive control of quercetin, was observed in CHCl3 extract.
Does ‘Ought’ Imply ‘Can’? And Did Kant Think It Does?

The aim of this article is twofold. First, it is argued that while the principle of ‘ought implies can’ is certainly plausible in some form, it is tempting to misconstrue it, and that this has happened in the way it has been taken up in some of the current literature. Second, Kant's understanding of the principle is considered. Here it is argued that these problematic conceptions put the principle to work in a way that Kant does not, so that there is an important divergence here which can easily be overlooked.
Clonidine and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: Double‐blind study using objective rating methods

Clonidine has been suggested to be effective in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS), but no double‐blind study has ever evaluated its effects using objective measures. Thirty patients with GTS completed a 6‐month placebo‐controlled crossover study of the effectiveness of clonidine. Videotapes were obtained at each 3‐week visit and were evaluated randomly at the end of the study for distribution, frequency, and severity of motor and vocal tics. Quantifiable psychometric examinations were performed as well. The use of clonidine did not significantly (p < 0.05) reduce motor tics, vocalizations, or behavior. The effect of a low dose (0.0075 mg/kg/day) was no different from that of a high dose (0.015 mg/kg/day); children's responses were no different from adults'; and those also receiving neuroleptic agents showed the same lack of efficacy as seen in patients on no other medication. Dosing schedule did not affect the objective ratings; scores from clonidine given twice a day were equivalent to those for three times a day.
Repositioning Postnatal Care in a High HIV Environment: Swaziland

The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. The Population Council is an international, non-profit, nongovernmental institution that seeks to improve the well-being and reproductive health of current and future generations around the world and to help achieve a humane, equitable, and sustainable balance between people and resources. The Council conducts biomedical, social science, and public health research and helps build research capacities in developing countries. Established in 1952, the Council is governed by an international board of trustees. Its New York headquarters supports a global network of regional and country offices. The Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation (The Foundation) is a recognized global leader in the fight against pediatric AIDS. Since its inception in 1988 as a U.S.-based non-profit 501 (c) (3), the Foundation has been at the global forefront of the fight to prevent pediatric HIV infection and to eradicate pediatric AIDS through research, advocacy, and prevention and treatment programs. The Foundation provided financial and technical support to this study. BASICS (Basic Support for Institutionalizing Child Survival), is a global project to assist developing countries in reducing infant and child mortality through the implementation of proven health interventions. The Central Statistical Office (CSO) of Swaziland is a government department within the Ministry of Economic Planning and Development. The main function of the CSO is to compile statistical information for use by government and other development partners. At the request of the Population Council, CSO provided in-country technical support to assist in the implementation of the research component of the study. This document may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission of the Population Council and partners provided full source citation is given and the reproduction is not for commercial purposes. Acknowledgements The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare would like to thank those who made this operations research study possible. Work of this nature would not have been possible without the invaluable hard work and commitment of the health providers and social scientists that formed field teams to collect data. Special thanks go to all the pregnant women and postpartum women who participated in the study; without them the research would not have been possible. Gratitude goes to the Central Statistics Office, specifically Rachel Shongwe and Nelisiwe Dlamini for the coordination of the training of data collectors and the field work, …
Measuring the effect of femoral malrotation on knee joint biomechanics for total knee arthroplasty using computational simulation

Objectives Malrotation of the femoral component can result in post-operative complications in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), including patellar maltracking. Therefore, we used computational simulation to investigate the influence of femoral malrotation on contact stresses on the polyethylene (PE) insert and on the patellar button as well as on the forces on the collateral ligaments. Materials and Methods Validated finite element (FE) models, for internal and external malrotations from 0° to 10° with regard to the neutral position, were developed to evaluate the effect of malrotation on the femoral component in TKA. Femoral malrotation in TKA on the knee joint was simulated in walking stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. Results Contact stress on the medial side of the PE insert increased with internal femoral malrotation and decreased with external femoral malrotation in both stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. There was an opposite trend in the lateral side of the PE insert case. Contact stress on the patellar button increased with internal femoral malrotation and decreased with external femoral malrotation in both stance-phase gait and squat loading conditions. In particular, contact stress on the patellar button increased by 98% with internal malrotation of 10° in the squat loading condition. The force on the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) increased with internal and external femoral malrotations, respectively. Conclusions These findings provide support for orthopaedic surgeons to determine a more accurate femoral component alignment in order to reduce post-operative PE problems. Cite this article: K-T. Kang, Y-G. Koh, J. Son, O-R. Kwon, C. Baek, S. H. Jung, K. K. Park. Measuring the effect of femoral malrotation on knee joint biomechanics for total knee arthroplasty using computational simulation. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:552–559. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511. BJR-2016-0107.R1.
On the resolution of The LASSO-based DOA estimation method

This paper investigates the consistency of the LASSO-based DOA estimation of the narrow-band signals in infinitely high SNR. Such a method provides a robust and accurate approximation of the Maximum Likelihood estimation. However, as we show, unlike the standard techniques such as subspace methods the LASSO-based estimation is generally not consistent in high SNRs. In return, considering the true DOA's, we show that the method is consistent for certain configuration of the sources. This approach leads us to relate such a conditional consistency to the resolution concept. We next give a condition to verify the consistency of a given set of directions and simplify it to a computationally fast equivalent algorithm. The results show that the resolution in infinitely high SNR case for m sensors decreases by speed 1 over m.
A Novel Gas Sensor Based on MgSb2O6 Nanorods to Indicate Variations in Carbon Monoxide and Propane Concentrations

Bystromite (MgSb2O6) nanorods were prepared using a colloidal method in the presence of ethylenediamine, after a calcination step at 800 °C in static air. From X-ray powder diffraction analyses, a trirutile-type structure with lattice parameters a = 4.64 Å and c = 9.25 Å and space group P42/mnm was identified. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microrods with sizes from 0.2 to 1.6 μm were observed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed that the nanorods had a length of ~86 nm and a diameter ~23.8 nm. The gas-sensing properties of these nanostructures were tested using pellets elaborated with powders of the MgSb2O6 oxide (calcined at 800 °C) at temperatures 23, 150, 200, 250 and 300 °C. The pellets were exposed to different concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and propane (C3H8) at these temperatures. The results showed that the MgSb2O6 nanorods possess excellent stability and high sensitivity in these atmospheres.
Staleness Bounds and Efficient Protocols for Dissemination of Global Channel State Information

This paper considers the problem of achieving global channel knowledge throughout a fully connected packetized wireless network with time-varying channels. While the value of channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) is now well known, there are many scenarios in which it is helpful to have additional channel knowledge beyond conventional CSIT, e.g., cooperative communication systems. The overhead required for global CSI knowledge can be significant, particularly in time-varying channels where the quality of channel estimates is dominated by the “staleness” of the CSI. Nevertheless, the fundamental limits and feasibility of tracking global CSI throughout a network have not been sufficiently studied. This paper presents a framework for analyzing the staleness of protocols that estimate and disseminate CSI to all nodes in a fully connected network. Fundamental bounds on achievable staleness are derived, and efficient dissemination protocols are developed, which achieve these limits. The results provide engineering guidelines on the feasibility of tracking global CSI as a function of network size, the size and composition of the packets, packet error rate, and channel coherence time.
Schizophrenia, insight and fitness to plead in court and stand trial

Part one of this thesis is a literature review concerning the relationship between insight and neuropsychological function among individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. It comprises of two sections summarising: 1) the relationship between insight and executive function; and 2) the relationship between insight and general cognitive function. The review concludes with a discussion on the findings, limitations, areas for future research and the clinical implications. Part two is an empirical investigation into the impact of having a diagnosis of schizophrenia on fitness to plead in court and stand trial. The research compared how individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia performed on a novel ecologically valid measure of fitness to plead (FTP) compared to a healthy control sample. The research also investigated whether performance on the FTP test was associated with intellectual ability, memory, executive function and psychiatric symptoms. The results, limitations, recommendations and clinical implications are discussed. Part three is a critical appraisal of the empirical investigation described in part two. It highlighted two main concerns that arose over the course of the research: 1) the construct of fitness to plead and its impact upon the development of standardised measures, particularly in relation to the novel FTP test that was used in this study; and 2) the challenges of assessing fitness to plead in individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and whether the FTP test is applicable across the spectrum of schizophrenia.
The healing effects of Teucrium polium in the repair of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

OBJECTIVE To determine the healing effect of Teucrium polium (T. polium) in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. METHODS In the fall of 2007, 250 Sprague-Dawley rats provided by the Shiraz University Laboratory Animal Center were divided into 4 equal groups including control (70 rats), and 3 experimental groups (60 rats each), and each group received different doses of T. polium. Ten rats were used to study the induction of gastric ulcer by indomethacin (25 mg/kg/stat). After 24 hours, their stomachs were evaluated for any mucosal ulcer. The T. polium extract was administered orally, 24 hours after indomethacin administration. In the experimental group, 10 animals were sacrificed after 24, 48, and 72 hours, after administration of T. polium, and at one, 2, and 4 weeks, and in the control group identically after the administration of distilled water. RESULTS In rats treated with indomethacin, multiple ulcers were evident. After 4 weeks of treatment with T. polium, more re-epithelialization, proliferation, mucosal hyperplasia, migration of the gastric epithelial cells, and decrease in inflammatory cells were observed. The T. polium reduced the ulcer indices by >50% after one week, >80% after 2 weeks, and >90% after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION The healing effect of T. polium may be due to antioxidant activity along with the ability to modulate the mucin secretion, prostaglandin synthesis, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. These results along with the non-toxicity properties of T. polium suggests it as a promising anti-ulcer compound.