Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of high perioperative oxygen fraction on surgical site infection and pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery: the PROXI randomized clinical trial.

CONTEXT Use of 80% oxygen during surgery has been suggested to reduce the risk of surgical wound infections, but this effect has not been consistently identified. The effect of 80% oxygen on pulmonary complications has not been well defined. OBJECTIVE To assess whether use of 80% oxygen reduces the frequency of surgical site infection without increasing the frequency of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS The PROXI trial, a patient- and observer-blinded randomized clinical trial conducted in 14 Danish hospitals between October 2006 and October 2008 among 1400 patients undergoing acute or elective laparotomy. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 80% or 30% oxygen during and for 2 hours after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Surgical site infection within 14 days, defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Secondary outcomes included atelectasis, pneumonia, respiratory failure, and mortality. RESULTS Surgical site infection occurred in 131 of 685 patients (19.1%) assigned to receive 80% oxygen vs 141 of 701 (20.1%) assigned to receive 30% oxygen (odds ratio [OR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-1.22; P = .64). Atelectasis occurred in 54 of 685 patients (7.9%) assigned to receive 80% oxygen vs 50 of 701 (7.1%) assigned to receive 30% oxygen (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.75-1.66; P = .60), pneumonia in 41 (6.0%) vs 44 (6.3%) (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.61-1.48; P = .82), respiratory failure in 38 (5.5%) vs 31 (4.4%) (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.78-2.07; P = .34), and mortality within 30 days in 30 (4.4%) vs 20 (2.9%) (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 0.88-2.77; P = .13). CONCLUSION Administration of 80% oxygen compared with 30% oxygen did not result in a difference in risk of surgical site infection after abdominal surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00364741.
Integration of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors with Preoperative Chemoradiation

In many different cancer cell types, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway becomes hyperactivated because of overproduction of the ligand, overproduction of the receptor, or constitutive activation of the receptor. The overproduction of EGFR and its ligands correlates with poor prognosis in several solid tumors such as lung, colon, and ovary. These observations led to the development of EGFR inhibitors for anticancer treatment. In the last few years, promising results have been obtained in several tumor types, with EGFR inhibitors given as monotherapy or in combined treatments. In particular, cetuximab in combination with curative-intent radiotherapy in head and neck cancer increases median survival over radiation alone. Similarly, the same approach might benefit patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Unfortunately, the first clinical studies combining chemoradiation with cetuximab in rectal cancer gave disappointing results. Translational research suggested that the low response rate observed might have been due to the strong antiproliferative effect of cetuximab that may have compromised the activity of chemotherapeutics that target proliferating cells. This result indicates the need for more translational research to unravel how the molecular mechanisms might be manipulated to optimize the combined treatment regimen and to identify biomarkers that can select those patients who will derive most benefit. Clin Cancer Res; 16(10); 2709–14. ©2010 AACR.
Combining Information Extraction Systems Using Voting and Stacked Generalization

This article investigates the effectiveness of voting and stacked generalization -also known as stacking- in the context of information extraction (IE). A new stacking framework is proposed that accommodates well-known approaches for IE. The key idea is to perform cross-validation on the base-level data set, which consists of text documents annotated with relevant information, in order to create a meta-level data set that consists of feature vectors. A classifier is then trained using the new vectors. Therefore, base-level IE systems are combined with a common classifier at the meta-level. Various voting schemes are presented for comparing against stacking in various IE domains. Well known IE systems are employed at the base-level, together with a variety of classifiers at the meta-level. Results show that both voting and stacking work better when relying on probabilistic estimates by the base-level systems. Voting proved to be effective in most domains in the experiments. Stacking, on the other hand, proved to be consistently effective over all domains, doing comparably or better than voting and always better than the best base-level systems. Particular emphasis is also given to explaining the results obtained by voting and stacking at the meta-level, with respect to the varying degree of similarity in the output of the base-level systems.
Exploration exploitation in Go: UCT for Monte-Carlo Go

Algorithm UCB1 for multi-armed bandit problem has already been extended to Algorithm UCT which works for minimax tree search. We have developed a Monte-Carlo program, MoGo, which is the ﬁrst computer Go program using UCT. We explain our modiﬁcations of UCT for Go application, among which efficient memory management, parametrization, ordering of non-visited nodes and parallelization. MoGo is now a top-level Computer-Go program on 9 x 9 Go board.
A comparison of order picking assisted by head-up display (HUD), cart-mounted display (CMD), light, and paper pick list

Wearable and contextually aware technologies have great applicability in task guidance systems. Order picking is the task of collecting items from inventory in a warehouse and sorting them for distribution; this process accounts for about 60% of the total operational costs of these warehouses. Current practice in industry includes paper pick lists and pick-by-light systems. We evaluated order picking assisted by four approaches: head-up display (HUD); cart-mounted display (CMD); pick-by-light; and paper pick list. We report accuracy, error types, task time, subjective task load and user preferences for all four approaches. The findings suggest that pick-by-HUD and pick-by-CMD are superior on all metrics to the current practices of pick-by-paper and pick-by-light.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence, Honesty, Impulsivity And Compatibility With A Desire For A Relationship With The Opposite Sex

The changes in values and attitudes in Iran are considered to be in a positive direction concerning the relationships and interactions of boys and girl before marriage. In this area, boys are more accordant with these kinds of relationships than girls. This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, honesty; impulsivity and compatibility with a desire for a relationship with the opposite sex. The target population in this study is all single people (male and female) of Shahre- Kord city, ranged between 13-18 years, 250 subjects of unmarried people of Shahre- kord city, ranged between13-18 years of age were chosen, randomly. They were divided into four groups of people who have relationship with boys, have relationship with girls, have no relationship with girls, and have no relationship with boys. The relationship between each of the variables emotional intelligence, honesty, impulsivity and compatibility were measured with a desire for a relationship with them. Analysis of data with correlation coefficient indicated that there is a significant difference between honesty, impulsivity and compatibility with a desire for a relationship with the opposite sex but there is no significant difference between emotional intelligence and relationship with the opposite sex. Therefore, checking these items and providing appropriate solutions in this area can lead to improvement in healthiness of male and female relationships.
Therapeutic, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Tamarindus indica: A review

Tamarindus indica is a long lived, large sized, famous and common tree of India. It is cultivated throughout India and Burma. It is commonly used in Indian dietary. It is very beneficial for people of hot area and near to equator. Its fruit is salted and stored in almost every house. Deccan people largely eat it and said that ‘life is very ticklish in absence of Imli’. It is also used largely as a flavour, stabilizer and binder in food preparations. People used Imli to make curries, jam, pickles, sauce, syrup or sherbet and to prepare majoon and jawarish. Jam of red Imli is very delicious. Virtually every part of the tree is utilized either as food flavouring agent or as medicine. One year old Imli is best for the use of medicinal purposes. The seeds are fried and eaten by poorer classes. Its leaves are used as fodder for domestic animals. Keeping in view the medicinal importance of the tree in Unani medicine (Tibb-eUnani) and other traditional systems of medicine, an attempt has been made to review the available literature on therapeutic uses, phytochemical and ethno-pharmacological properties of different parts of Tamarindus indica.
Response of the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii to iron stress

The coastal diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii responds to iron limitation with decreasing growth rate, decreasing quotas of cellular iron, and increasing rates of maximum short term uptake. Growth response to steady iron limitation can be modeled according to the equations of Droop and Monod. The cellular iron quota varies from about 2 to 25 x 10/sup -1/ mol iron per liter-cell with increasing iron; the half-saturation constant for growth, K.mu. , is 1.1 x 10/sup -21/ M (free ferric ion). In contrast, the half-saturation constant for /sup 59/I iron uptake, K/sub rho/ is about 3 x 10/sup -19/ M; the maximum iron uptake rate (rho/sub max/) is increased several-fold under iron limitation, resulting in a potential short term uptake rate that is a few hundred times the steady state rate. At a fixed concentration of free manganese ion, the cellular manganese quota is increased several-fold in iron-limited cultures compared to iron-sufficient cultures.
Stress in remote work: two studies testing the Demand-Control-Person model

ABSTRACT The popularity of remote work continues to rise, but uncertainty remains about how it influences employee well-being. We extend the Demand-Control-Person (DCP) model to test both person and job factors as important considerations in remote work, suggesting that emotional stability influences the utility of autonomy as a job resource in protecting employees from strain. Additionally, we test self-determination theory (SDT), positioning need satisfaction for autonomy, relatedness, and competence as mechanisms explaining the relationship between remote work and strain. In two field studies, high–emotional stability employees reporting high levels of autonomy experienced the lowest levels of strain, with negative relationships between extent of remote work and strain. In contrast, low–emotional stability employees who also have high autonomy appear more susceptible to strain, and this may increase when they work remotely more often. Our multilevel structural equation modelling revealed that high–emotional stability employees with high autonomy appear best positioned to meet their needs for autonomy and relatedness, even when remote work is more frequent; these in turn reduced the likelihood of strain. Thus, our results support the DCP and SDT models, revealing theoretical and practical implications for designing and managing remote work arrangements.
Management Information Systems : the Journey of a Research Field

We have fully read and analyze 550 articles in order to describe the MIS field and its evolution over time. This paper has three objectives. First of all, we are attempting to describe the field of MIS on several dimensions, by identifying the issues, areas, methodologies, and so on. Then, we will attempt to understand the evolution, and in particular, confirm or invalidate the hypothesis of the fragmentation of this research field. Finally, in light of our analyses, the objective is to contribute to the advancement of a recurring debate at the heart of the scientific research community in MIS: the diversity and the relevance of academic work.
Reference values for Cobb angles when evaluating the spine in the sagittal plane: a systematic review with meta-analysis

The present systematic review of observational studies with meta-analysis aim to identify the reference values of the spinal curvatures in the sagittal plane, as evaluated using the Cobb angle in X-rays, in healthy individuals. Electronic searches were undertaken in MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect and LILACS. Studies that evaluated the spinal curvature of healthy children, adolescents, adults, and elderly using Cobb method and presented reference values for those curvatures were incluced. Thirty-one studies were eligible for inclusion. The reference values found (confidence interval 95%) were: for children, thoracic (28.7°-37.9°), lumbar L1-L5 (34.5o-44.8º), and lumbar L1-S1 (41.7o-54.1o); for adolescents: thoracic (31.5o-39.2o), lumbar L1-L5 (39.8o-45.6o), and lumbar L1-S1 (51.9o-59.1o); for adults: thoracic (33.7o-40.3o), lumbar L1-L5 (38.1o-45.6o), and lumbar L1-S1 (54.2o-61.7o); and for the elderly: thoracic (37.7º-50.4o), and lumbar L1-S1 (56.6º-65.9o). For the cervical region, it was impossible to establish consistent reference values. The present study supports that precise reference intervals were identified for the sagittal curvatures of the thoracic and lumbar spine in healthy children, adolescents, adults and elderly, as evaluated by means of the Cobb Method.
Effects of Media Compensation on Team Performance: The Role of Demographic Faultlines

Modern-day communication in teams is characterized by a frequent and flexible use of various communication technologies. To understand the relationship between this new way of communication and team performance, research suggests incorporating contextual factors. In this study, we explore the role of demographic faultlines and subsequent subgroup formation using data from 164 students nested in 34 software engineering teams working together over the course of 14 weeks. Multilevel modeling revealed a three-way interaction between media richness, communication intensity, and demographic faultlines on team performance. Weak faultline teams evaluated their performance more positively when they compensated for low communication intensity by using richer communication channels and vice versa. In contrast, strong faultline teams were less able to adapt their communication behavior to increase performance. We discuss theoretical implications for team communication and diversity research and provide guidelines for improving communication in diverse teams.
Learning Where to Look: Data-Driven Viewpoint Set Selection for 3D Scenes

The use of rendered images, whether from completely synthetic datasets or from 3D reconstructions, is increasingly prevalent in vision tasks. However, little attention has been given to how the selection of viewpoints affects the performance of rendered training sets. In this paper, we propose a data-driven approach to view set selection. Given a set of example images, we extract statistics describing their contents and generate a set of views matching the distribution of those statistics. Motivated by semantic segmentation tasks, we model the spatial distribution of each semantic object category within an image view volume. We provide a search algorithm that generates a sampling of likely candidate views according to the example distribution, and a set selection algorithm that chooses a subset of the candidates that jointly cover the example distribution. Results of experiments with these algorithms on SUNCG indicate that they are indeed able to produce view distributions similar to an example set from NYUDv2 according to the earth mover's distance. Furthermore, the selected views improve performance on semantic segmentation compared to alternative view selection algorithms.
Risk of Chronic Low Back Pain Among Parturients Who Undergo Cesarean Delivery With Neuraxial Anesthesia

AbstractTo investigate the risk of chronic low back pain (LBP) in parturients undergoing cesarean delivery (CD) with neuraxial anesthesia (NA). LBP is common during pregnancy and also after delivery, but its etiology is poorly understood. Previous studies that investigated the correlation between epidural labor analgesia and chronic low back pain were inconclusive. These studies lacked objective diagnostic criteria for LBP and did not exclude possible confounders. We performed this nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between CD with NA and subsequent LBP.From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), we identified all primiparas who had given birth between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2013. Using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) procedure codes, we identified the women who had vaginal delivery (VD) and those who had CD. The mode of anesthesia was ascertained by the NHI codes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of postpartum LBP in women undergoing CD with NA compared with those having VD. The outcome was a diagnosis of LBP according to the first ICD-9-CM diagnosis code. The patients were observed for 3 years after delivery or until diagnosis of postpartum LBP, withdrawal from the NHI system, death, or December 31, 2013.Of the 61,027 primiparas who underwent delivery during the observation period, 40,057 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Of these women, 27,097 (67.6%) received VD, 8662 (21.6%) received CD with spinal anesthesia, and 4298 (10.7%) received CD with epidural anesthesia (EA). Women who received CD with EA were found to have higher risk of LBP than did women who received VD, with the adjusted OR being 1.26 (95% CI: 1.17–1.34). CD with EA might increase the risk of subsequent chronic LBP.
Mapping the Lunar Wake Potential Structure With ARTEMIS Data

The refilling of the lunar wake is relatively well explained by the theory of 1‐D plasma expansion into a vacuum; however, the field‐aligned wake potential is not a directly measured quantity, and thus, a statistical analysis of wake potentials at high altitudes has not been previously performed. In this study, we obtain the wake potential by comparing the field‐aligned electron distributions inside and outside of the lunar wake measured by the two probes of the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission. The derived potentials from ARTEMIS data vary with solar wind electron temperature and bulk flow velocity as the theory predicts. We also expand the 1‐D plasma theory to 2‐D in the plane of the interplanetary magnetic field and the solar wind velocity to examine how a tilted interplanetary magnetic field affects the wake potential structure. As the expansion time for the two sides of the wake differs, a wake potential asymmetry is developed in our model. This asymmetry is confirmed by the data‐derived wake potentials. Moreover, ambipolar electric fields are obtained from both the modeled and data‐derived wake potentials and show good agreement. Lastly, we examine the effects of the solar wind strahl‐electron population on the wake potential structure, which appears to cause a net potential difference across the lunar shadow. This may imply that the disturbance of the wake plasma expansion extends farther outside the wake than previous plasma‐expansion theories have predicted.
Preprint Title: an Algorithm for Predicting the Arrrival Time of Mass Transit Vehicles Using Automatic Vehicle Location Data an Algorithm for Predicting the Arrival Time of Mass Transit Vehicles Using Automatic Vehicle Location Data

This paper presents an algorithm for predicting the arrival time of transit vehicles using a combination of both AVL and historical data. The algorithm is presented in its two components: tracking (using a Kalman filter framework) and prediction (using statistical estimation). The algorithm produces an estimate of the predicted arrival time for a given transit vehicle and provides a measure of the predictions accuracy. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was support in part by a series of contracts with the Federal Highway Administration and the Washing-ton State Department of Transportation.
How breadth of degree distribution influences network robustness: comparing localized and random attacks.

The stability of networks is greatly influenced by their degree distributions and in particular by their breadth. Networks with broader degree distributions are usually more robust to random failures but less robust to localized attacks. To better understand the effect of the breadth of the degree distribution we study two models in which the breadth is controlled and compare their robustness against localized attacks (LA) and random attacks (RA). We study analytically and by numerical simulations the cases where the degrees in the networks follow a bi-Poisson distribution, P(k)=αe^{-λ_{1}}λ_{1}^{k}/k! +(1-α)e^{-λ_{2}}λ_{2}^{k}/k! ,α∈[0,1], and a Gaussian distribution, P(k)=Aexp(-(k-μ)^{2}/2σ^{2}), with a normalization constant A where k≥0. In the bi-Poisson distribution the breadth is controlled by the values of α, λ_{1}, and λ_{2}, while in the Gaussian distribution it is controlled by the standard deviation, σ. We find that only when α=0 or α=1, i.e., degrees obeying a pure Poisson distribution, are LA and RA the same. In all other cases networks are more vulnerable under LA than under RA. For a Gaussian distribution with an average degree μ fixed, we find that when σ^{2} is smaller than μ the network is more vulnerable against random attack. When σ^{2} is larger than μ, however, the network becomes more vulnerable against localized attack. Similar qualitative results are also shown for interdependent networks.
How to use boosting for tumor classification with gene expression data

Motivation: Microarray experiments generate large datasets with expression values for thousands of genes but not more than a few dozens of samples. Accurate supervised classification of tissue samples in such high-dimensional problems is difficult but often crucial for successful diagnosis and treatment. A promising way to meet this challenge is by using boosting in conjunction with decision trees. Results: We demonstrate that the generic boosting algorithm needs some modifications to become an accurate classifier in the context of gene expression data. In particular, we present a feature preselection method, a more robust boosting procedure and a new approach for multi-categorical problems. This allows for slight to drastic increase in performance and yields competitive results on several publicly available datasets. Availability: Software for the modified boosting algorithms as well as for decision trees is available for free in R at http://stat.ethz.ch/∼dettling/boosting. Contact: dettling@stat.math.ethz.ch †Corresponding author. Tel. : +41-1-632-6683; fax: +41-1-632-1228; e-mail: dettling@stat.math.ethz.ch