Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability, and Heart Rate Turbulence during Evolving Reperfused Myocardial Infarction

Depressed cardiac parasympathetic activity is associated with electrical instability and adverse outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI). Heart rate turbulence (HRT), reflecting reflex vagal activity, and heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting tonic autonomic variations are both reduced in the subacute phase of MI. However, the evolution of these components of cardiac autonomic control between subacute and chronic phase of MI has not been defined. We prospectively studied 100 consecutive patients with a recent first MI with ST‐segment elevation, who underwent successful direct percutaneous coronary interventions. Beta‐adrenergic blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were administered according to the state‐of‐the‐art medical practice guidelines. HRT and HRV were measured from 24‐hour ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings 10 days and 12 months after the index MI. There was no significant difference in mean RR interval between the subacute and chronic phase of MI (875 ± 145 versus 859 ± 122 ms). Indices of HRV increased significantly during the observation period (SDNN: from 88.8 ± 26.8 to 116.0 ± 35.7 ms, P < 0.001; SDNNi: from 37.9 ± 15.9 to 46.0 ± 16.3 ms, P < 0.001; SDANN: from 79.6 ± 34.7 to 105.6 ± 35.4 ms, P < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant changes in indices of HRT (turbulence onset: from −0.008 ± 0.022 to −0.012 ± 0.025%; turbulence slope: from 7.78 ± 5.9 to 8.06 ± 6.8 ms/beat). In contrast to reflex autonomic activity, there was a significant recovery of tonic autonomic activity within 12 months after MI. These different patterns of recovery of reflex versus tonic cardiac autonomic control after MI need to be considered when risk stratifying post‐MI patients.
An Inferential Model-Based Predictive Control Scheme for Optimizing the Operation of Boilers in Building Space-Heating Systems

An inferential model-based predictive control scheme is described that can optimize the control of boilers in multi-zone heating systems in order to save energy and to improve thermal comfort. The controller has only three inputs: a measurement of the outside air temperature, an estimate of the total solar radiation falling on the exterior of the building, and a measurement of the temperature of the water being supplied by the boiler, and one output: the boiler control signal. The parameters of the model are estimated from input-output data collected using portable temperature loggers, which are temporarily installed in the building to monitor the room temperatures during a short commissioning period of one or two weeks. The performance of the control scheme in different heating systems is investigated using a heating system simulator, which had been developed and validated in previous projects. The simulation results show that the control scheme can significantly improve the overall performance of heating systems compared with conventional boiler control schemes and is easy to commission. The results of an experimental evaluation of the controller in a real building are also presented.
Long Lasting Modulation of Cortical Oscillations after Continuous Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Transcranial magnetic theta burst stimulation (TBS) differs from other high-frequency rTMS protocols because it induces plastic changes up to an hour despite lower stimulus intensity and shorter duration of stimulation. However, the effects of TBS on neuronal oscillations remain unclear. In this study, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate changes of neuronal oscillations after continuous TBS (cTBS), the protocol that emulates long-term depression (LTD) form of synaptic plasticity. We randomly divided 26 healthy humans into two groups receiving either Active or Sham cTBS as control over the left primary motor cortex (M1). Post-cTBS aftereffects were assessed with behavioural measurements at rest using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and at active state during the execution of a choice reaction time (RT) task in combination with continuous electrophysiological recordings. The cTBS-induced EEG oscillations were assessed using event-related power (ERPow), which reflected regional oscillatory activity of neural assemblies of θ (4–7.5 Hz), low α (8–9.5 Hz), µ (10–12.5 Hz), low β (13–19.5 Hz), and high β (20–30 Hz) brain rhythms. Results revealed 20-min suppression of MEPs and at least 30-min increase of ERPow modulation, suggesting that besides MEPs, EEG has the potential to provide an accurate cortical readout to assess cortical excitability and to investigate the interference of cortical oscillations in the human brain post-cTBS. We also observed a predominant modulation of β frequency band, supporting the hypothesis that cTBS acts more on cortical level. Theta oscillations were also modulated during rest implying the involvement of independent cortical theta generators over the motor network post cTBS. This work provided more insights into the underlying mechanisms of cTBS, providing a possible link between synchronised neural oscillations and LTD in humans.
Domain Corpus Input Text TRAINING ANALYSIS Domain Space Input Vector Latent Folding Affective Similarity Computation Closeness Measure Affective Corpus Anchors Emotion Detected Mapping LSM

A necessary step in the generation of expressive speech synthesis is the automatic detection and classification of emotions most likely to be present in textual input. Though increasingly data-driven, emotion analysis still relies on critical expert knowledge to isolate the emotional keywords or keysets necessary to the construction of affective categories. This makes it vulnerable to any discrepancy between affective states and domain of discourse. This paper proposes a more general strategy, which leverages two separate semantic levels: one encapsulates the foundations of the domain considered, while the other specifically accounts for the overall affective fabric of the language. Exposing the emergent relationship between these two levels advantageously informs the emotion classification process. Empirical evidence suggests that this approach is effective for automatic emotion analysis in text. This bodes well for its deployability toward naturally expressive speech synthesis.
Derivatives trading and volatility spill-over: evidence from a developing derivatives market

The objective of the paper is to ascertain the influence of shares derivatives trading on the Malaysian stock market. Johansen-Juselius’ co-integration test reveals signs of increasing integration between these cash and futures markets over time. The Granger causality test indicates that the stock index futures Granger causes the cash index with no feedback in the reverse direction during periods of financial crisis and recovery. Significantly observable during the period was high participation of foreign investors in the futures market. The increase in the number of foreign investors in the futures market dramatically increases the herding activities in futures market trading. The findings suggest that the transmission of information from the futures market to the cash market could, to a certain extent, during a period of “bad economy”, be due to herding by foreign investors.
Physical and Chemical Properties of CEM Cement Mixed with Propylene Glycol

Introduction: the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of propylene glycol (PG) on the flowability, microhardness, pH and calcium ion release of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM). Methods and Materials: CEM cement was mixed with different proportions of PG, as follows: group 1,100% CEM liquid (CL); group 2, 100% PG; group 3, 50% PG and group 4, 20% PG. For assessment of flowability, methodology of ADA Specification No. 57 was applied. For measuring microhardness, 80 cylindrical molds (6×4 mm) were filled with CEM cement and divided into 2 subgroups (4, 21 days) and tested using Vickers Test. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and Tukey’s post hoc and student’s t test. In order to check pH and calcium release, the mixed cements were placed in cylindrical molds (5×2 mm). After 3, 24, 72 and 168 h, pH determined by a pH meter and the calcium release was measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using the repeated measure ANOVA, one way ANOVA test and Tuckey’s post hoc test. Results: The present study showed that the presence of PG did not affect the flowability. With the elapse of time, microhardness was significantly increased in all groups except CL group. Regardless of time, samples with 50% PG showed the lowest pH value which was significantly different from other groups (P<0.05) and samples with 100% and 20% PG showed significantly higher calcium ion release compared to other group. Conclusion: addition of PG did not have any positive or negative effect on the flowability and pH of CEM cement but increased its microhardness in long term. Calcium ion release also increased in the concentration of 20% and 100%.
Epitope mapping of Ebola virus dominant and subdominant glycoprotein epitopes facilitates construction of an epitope-based DNA vaccine able to focus the antibody response in mice

ABSTRACT We performed epitope mapping studies on the major surface glycoprotein (GP) of Ebola virus (EBOV) using Chemically Linked Peptides on Scaffolds (CLIPS), which form linear and potential conformational epitopes. This method identified monoclonal antibody epitopes and predicted additional epitopes recognized by antibodies in polyclonal sera from animals experimentally vaccinated against or infected with EBOV. Using the information obtained along with structural modeling to predict epitope accessibility, we then constructed 2 DNA vaccines encoding immunodominant and subdominant epitopes predicted to be accessible on EBOV GP. Although a construct designed to produce a membrane-bound oligopeptide was poorly immunogenic, a construct generating a secreted oligopeptide elicited strong antibody responses in mice. When this construct was administered as a boost to a DNA vaccine expressing the complete EBOV GP gene, the resultant antibody response was focused largely toward the less immunodominant epitopes in the oligopeptide. Taken together, the results of this work suggest a utility for this method for immune focusing of antibody responses elicited by vaccination.
Building agents to understand infant attachment behaviour

This paper reports on an autonomous agent simulation of infant attachment behaviour. The behaviours simulated have been observed in home environments and in a controlled laboratory procedure called the Strange Situation Experiment. The Avoidant, Secure and Ambivalent styles of behaviour seen in these studies are outlined, and then abstracted to their core elements to act as a specification of requirements for the simulation. A reactive agent architecture demonstrates that these patterns of behaviour can be learnt from reinforcement signals without recourse to deliberative mechanisms.
Constrained non-Negative Matrix Factorization Method for EEG Analysis in Early Detection of Alzheimer Disease

Approximate non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is an emerging technique with a wide spectrum of potential applications in biomedical data analysis. In this paper, we proposed a new NMF algorithm with temporal smoothness constraint that aims to extract non-negative components that have meaningful physical or physiological interpretations. We propose two constraints and derive new multiplicative learning rules. Specifically, we apply the proposed algorithm, combined with advanced time-frequency analysis and machine learning techniques, to early detection of Alzheimer disease using clinical EEG recordings. Empirical results show promising performance
‘It’s on your conscience all the time’: a systematic review of qualitative studies examining views on obesity among young people aged 12–18 years in the UK

Objective To explore the perspectives of young people in the UK on obesity, body size, shape and weight. Design Systematic review of qualitative studies using thematic synthesis. Data sources Sensitive searches of 18 electronic databases from 1997 to February 2010 supplemented by grey literature searches. Study selection Studies produced since 1997 using qualitative methods to collect perspectives of people aged 12–18 years in the UK, reporting methods for data collection or analysis. Studies of people with eating disorders and those rated low in reliability and usefulness were excluded. Results Searches identified 30 studies involving over 1400 young people from a range of contexts. Young people of all sizes placed considerable emphasis on personal responsibility, and on the social, rather than health implications of being overweight. Young people with experience of obesity described severe, unrelenting, size-related abuse and isolation. Regardless of their own size, young people were judgemental of individuals who were overweight, but those with experience of obesity described an environment that contained multiple barriers to weight loss. Only one study asked young people directly what might support them to have a healthy body size. Study findings were configured under three main themes, labelled with quotes from included studies: general perceptions of size and society's responses (‘It's on your conscience all the time’); the experiences of young people who were overweight (‘If I had the choice I wouldn't be this size’) and these larger young people's experiences of trying to loose weight and suggestions for action (‘Make sure, even when it's hard, you've got people there’). Conclusions The perspectives of young people in the UK, when synthesised across the spectrum of body sizes, paint a picture of a stigmatising and abusive social world. Research and policy need to engage young people actively so as to address the social implications of obesity.
GV-sheaves, Fourier-Mukai transform, and generic vanishing

We prove a formal criterion for generic vanishing, in the sense originated by Green and Lazarsfeld and pursued further by Hacon, but in the context of an arbitrary Fourier-Mukai correspondence. For smooth projective varieties we apply this to deduce a Kodaira-type generic vanishing theorem for adjoint bundles associated to nef line bundles, and in fact a more general generic Nadel-type vanishing theorem for multiplier ideal sheaves. Still in the context of the Picard variety, the same method gives various other generic vanishing results, by reduction to standard vanishing theorems. We further use our criterion in order to address some examples related to generic vanishing on higher rank moduli spaces.
Comparative evaluation of human leukocyte and fibroblast interferon in the prevention of herpes simplex virus keratitis in a monkey model

The prophylactic potency of topically applied human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon was compared in a monkey model with herpes simplex virus type 1-induced keratitis. Both interferons effectively prevented keratitis at 1.9 X 10(6) U of activity per ml but were ineffective at 1.9 X 10(3) U/ml. Slight differences between human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon observed at the level of 1.9 X 10(5) U/ml were not statistically significant.
On the robustness of some acoustic parameters for signalling word stress across styles in Brazilian Portuguese

This work aims at examining three classes of acoustic correlates of lexical stress in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) in three speaking styles: informal interview, phrase reading and word list reading. In the framework of an international collaboration, a parallel corpus was recorded in the three speaking styles with 10 subjects so far in each one of the following languages: Swedish, English, French, Italian, Estonian and BP. In BP, duration, F0 standard-deviation and spectral emphasis values for stressed vowels tend to be higher in comparison with vowel acoustic parameters in unstressed position. These three parameters are robust across styles, especially vowel duration, for which circa 50 % of the variance is explained by stress and speaking style factors. The parameters pattern according to stress level is very similar between interview and phrase reading styles, which points to a similar effectiveness of reading and spontaneous styles in uncovering the word stress acoustic correlates in BP.
Correlation of longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers with cognitive decline in healthy older adults.

BACKGROUND Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels predict development of Alzheimer disease with good accuracy and are thought to precede cognitive deterioration. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether changes in CSF biomarker levels over time in healthy older adults are associated with a concurrent decline in cognitive performance. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of longitudinal CSF biomarker levels and clinical data. SETTING A combined academic dementia disorder research center and dementia clinic. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-seven cognitively healthy older volunteers (mean age, 73 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Longitudinal CSF total tau protein, hyperphosphorylated tau protein 181, and beta-amyloid(1-42) protein levels and cognitive assessments at baseline and at follow-up 4 years later. RESULTS Low levels of CSF beta-amyloid(1-42) protein at follow-up were associated with decreased delayed word recall score on the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (r(s) = -0.437, P < . 01) and with slower results on A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (r(s) = -0.540, P < . 001). Individuals with a decrease during the 4-year study of 15% or more in CSF beta-amyloid(1-42) protein level performed worse on the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale delayed word recall (z = -2.18, P < .05) and A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (z = -2.35, P < .05) at follow-up. An increase over time of 20% or more in CSF hyperphosphorylated tau protein 181 level correlated with slower results on A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed at follow-up (z = -2.13, P < .05). Furthermore, the presence of the APOE-epsilon4 (OMIM 107741) allele was associated with a greater longitudinal decrease in CSF beta-amyloid(1-42) protein level (chi(2) = 10.47, P < . 05) and with a higher CSF total tau protein level at follow-up (chi(2) = 8.83, P < . 05). No correlation existed between baseline CSF biomarker levels and baseline or follow-up cognitive scores. CONCLUSIONS In this group of healthy older adults, changes in CSF biomarker levels previously associated with Alzheimer disease correlated with a decline in cognitive functions. Changes in CSF biomarker levels may identify early neurodegenerative processes of Alzheimer disease.
Evaluation of a novel portable x-ray fluorescence screening tool for detection of arsenic exposure

A new portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) screening tool was evaluated for its effectiveness in arsenic (As) quantification in human finger and toe nails (n=58 ? >). Nail samples were measured for total As concentration by XRF and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Using concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), kappa, diagnostic sensitivity (Sn) and specificity (Sp), and linear regression analyses, the concentration of As measured by XRF was compared to ICP-MS. The CCC peaked for scaled values of fingernail samples, at 0.424 (95% CI: 0.065–0.784). The largest kappa value, 0.400 (95% CI: −0.282–1.000), was found at a 1.3 μg g−1 cut-off concentration, for fingernails only, and the largest kappa at a clinically relevant cut-off concentration of 1.0 μg g−1 was 0.237 (95% CI: −0.068–0.543), again in fingernails. Analyses generally showed excellent XRF Sn (up to 100%, 95% CI: 48–100%), but low Sp (up to 30% for the same analysis, 95% CI: 14–50%). Portable XRF shows some potential for use as a screening tool with fingernail samples. The difference between XRF and ICP-MS measurements decreased as sample mass increased to 30 mg. While this novel method of As detection in nails has shown relatively high agreement in some scenarios, this portable XRF is not currently considered suitable as a substitute for ICP-MS.
The Remarkable Changes in the Science of Subjective Well-Being

The science of subjective well-being (SWB) has grown dramatically in the last three decades, moving beyond the early cross-sectional surveys of the demographic correlates of SWB. Stronger methods are frequently used to study a broader set of psychological phenomena, such as the effects on SWB of adaptation, culture, personality, and genetics. One important new research finding is that SWB has beneficial effects on health and longevity, social relationships, and productivity. National accounts of SWB are being created to provide information to policy makers about the psychological well-being of citizens. The SWB accounts represent an opportunity for psychologists to demonstrate the positive effects their interventions can produce in societies.
Leakage Power Dependent Temperature Estimation to Predict Thermal Runaway in FinFET Circuits

In this work, we propose a methodology to self-consistently solve leakage power with temperature to predict thermal runaway. We target 28nm FinFET based circuits as they are more prone to thermal runaway compared to bulk-MOSFETs. We generate thermal models for logic cells to self-consistently determine the temperature map of a circuit block. Our proposed condition for thermal runaway shows the design trade off between the primary input (PI) activity of a circuit block, sub-threshold leakage at the room temperature and the thermal resistance of the package. We show that in FinFET circuits, thermal runaway can occur at the ITRS specified sub-threshold leakage (150nA/mum, high-performance) for a nominal PI activity of 0.5 and typical package thermal resistance
RELICS OF DOUBLE RADIO SOURCES

We have formed a new sample which consists of extended extragalactic radio sources without obvious active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in them. Most of these sources appear to be dead double radio sources. These sources with steep spectra (α < −1.8; S ∝ να) were identified using the 74 (VLSS) and the 1400 MHz (NVSS) surveys and further imaged using the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT). The radio morphologies of these sources are rather unusual in the sense that no obvious cores and jets are detected in these sources, but two extended lobes are detected in most. The mean redshift of 4 of the 10 sources reported here is ∼ 0.2. At a redshift of 0.2, the linear extents of the sources in the current sample are ∼ 250 kpc with their spectral luminosities at 1.4 GHz in the range 2–25 ×1023 W Hz−1. The steep spectra of these sources are a result of the cessation of AGN activities in them about 15–100 million years ago. Before the cessation of AGN activity, the radio luminosities of these galaxies were ∼ 1000 times brighter than their current luminosities and would have been comparable to those of the brightest active radio galaxies detected in the local universe (L1.4 ∼ 1027 W Hz−1). The dead radio galaxies reported here represent the “tip of the iceberg” and quantifying the abundance of such a population has important implications to the life cycle of the AGN.