Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prévalences des troubles psychiques et caractéristiques socio-économiques : éléments pour une analyse de l’exclusion et de la précarité

S’il est relativement frequent et commun d’affirmer un lien, voire un rapport direct de cause a effets, entre conditions socio-economiques et culturelles et prevalences des troubles mentaux, il l’est moins de le demontrer – les donnees disponibles etant souvent partielles. L’enquete de l’OMS Sante mentale en population generale en France offre l’opportunite d’analyser ce probleme : par l’ampleur de son echantillon et sa representativite de la population metropolitaine, elle propose une possibilite inedite de croiser les variables et d’evaluer la pertinence de ces mises en relations.
Does Personality Moderate the Theory of Planned Behavior in the Exercise Domain

This study investigated the moderating influence of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the exercise domain. Although an analysis of all possible moderation effects was conducted, it was hypothesized that high extraversion (E) and conscientiousness (C) individuals would demonstrate significantly stronger relationships between intentions and exercise behavior than those low in E and C. Conversely, it was expected that high neuroticism (N) individuals would show a significantly weaker relationship between intention and exercise behavior than those low in N. A total of 300 undergraduate students completed measures of the FFM, TPB, and a 2-week follow-up of exercise behavior. Two-group structural equation models of the TPB were created using a median split for each personality trait. Overall, 5 significant (p < .05) moderating effects were found. Specifically, N was found to moderate the effect of subjective norm on intention. E also moderated the effects of s.
Cultural political economy and critical policy studies

This article introduces cultural political economy as a distinctive approach in the social sciences, including policy studies. The version presented here combines critical semiotic analysis and critical political economy. It grounds its approach to both in the practical necessities of complexity reduction and the role of meaning-making and structuration in turning unstructured into structured complexity as a basis for ‘going on’ in the world. It explores both semiosis and structuration in terms of the evolutionary mechanisms of variation, selection, and retention and, in this context, also highlights the role of specific forms of agency and specific technologies. These general propositions are illustrated from ‘economic imaginaries’ (other types of imaginary could have been examined) and their relevance to economic policy. Brief comments on crisis-interpretation and crisis-management give this example some substance. The conclusion notes some implications for research in critical policy studies.
Citizenship Status, Poverty, and Government Transfers for Families With Children

ABSTRACT Using annual American Community Survey data for Nevada from 2000 to 2003, this study examines the role that citizenship status plays in shaping immigrant families' chances of living in poverty as well as their chances of receiving selected social benefits. Key findings suggest that citizen children with noncitizen caretakers are more likely to experience poverty as well as to receive lunch subsidies and less likely to receive cash assistance than citizen children with naturalized caretakers. Noncitizen children with noncitizen caretakers have a greater chance of living in poverty and are less likely to receive cash assistance than citizen children are.
Evaluation of a spoken dialogue system with usability tests and long-term pilot studies: similarities and differences

We present findings from the long-term study of a speech-based bus timetable system. After the deployment of the prototype system we have collected data from real usage for 30 months. In addition, we have conducted usability tests to get subjective ratings of the pilot system. The comparison of these evaluations shows that the results obtained with usability tests differ significantly from those gained from the real usage, and the data of the initial use differs significantly from the data collected after that. For example, the differences in help requests, interruptions, speech recognition rejections, silence timeouts, and repeat requests are highly significant, and in some cases, such as explicit quit requests, enormous (65% versus 3%).
Athletic Giving and Academic Giving: Exploring the Value of SPLIT Donors

This study introduces and explores the value of SPLIT donors (donors making gifts to both academic and athletic programs at educational institutions). Detailed empirical records of donor giving to three NCAA Division I institutions establish that significant value of SPLIT donors to educational institutions. In the short term, SPLIT donors give higher total average gifts than donors making athletics-only gifts. In the long-term, SPLIT donors are retained at a higher rate than donors making academics-only gifts. The combination of gift size and retention rate maximizes the lifetime value of SPLIT donors to the institution. However, despite having higher lifetime value to the institution, there may be a disincentive for athletic programs to cultivate SPLIT donors. While the average total gifts of SPLIT donors are higher than the average gifts of their counterparts supporting only athletic programs, their average gift to athletics is lower.
Death rate from ischaemic heart disease in Western Australian psychiatric patients 1980-1998.

BACKGROUND People with mental illness suffer excess mortality due to physical illnesses. AIMS To investigate the association between mental illness and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) hospital admissions, revascularisation procedures and deaths. METHOD A population-based record-linkage study of 210 129 users of mental health services in Western Australia during 1980-1998. IHD mortality rates, hospital admission rates and rates of revascularisation procedures were compared with those of the general population. RESULTS IHD (not suicide) was the major cause of excess mortality in psychiatric patients. In contrast to the rate in the general population, the IHS mortality rate in psychiatric patients did not diminish over time. There was little difference in hospital admission rates for IHD between psychiatric patients and the general community, but much lower rates of revascularisation procedures with psychiatric patients, particularly in people with psychoses. CONCLUSIONS People with mental illness do not receive an equitable level of intervention for IHD. More attention to their general medical care is needed.
Long-term outcome and prognostic factors of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in the Chinese population.

BACKGROUND Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a representative form of nephrotic syndrome in China. Although IMN is thought to run a more benign course in Asian patients than in the Caucasian population, there has been no persuasive study to determine the long-term prognosis and risk factors for IMN in the Chinese population. METHODS A retrospective chart review. All patients admitted to Nanjing Institution of Nephrology from January 1985 to December 2007 with biopsy-proven IMN were enrolled. The primary outcome was the renal survival rate and risk factors at renal biopsy. RESULT A total of 217 patients were included in the study, and the overall renal survival rates were 96.9%, 93.5%, and 86.6% at 5, 10, and 15 years after renal biopsy, respectively. When the clinical features at biopsy were evaluated, patients with hypertension (p = 0.023), decreased eGFR (p < 0.001), nephrotic-range proteinuria (p = 0.047), elevated urinary NAG (p = 0.045) and RBP (p = 0.007) had a worse prognosis. Cox multivariate analysis showed that decreased eGFR and chronic tubulointerstitial lesion were independent risk factors for ESRF (end-stage renal failure). CONCLUSION IMN is a disease with a comparatively good prognosis in the Chinese population, with a renal survival rate of more than 90% at 10 years after renal biopsy. Decreased eGFR at biopsy and chronic tubulointerstitial lesion are independent risk factors of ESRF. Partial or complete remission of proteinuria improved the prognosis.
The Quiet Remedy: A Dialogue on Reshaping Professional Relationships

This article begins with an overview of the current context for the delivery of social/welfare services and goes on to consider client–worker relationship boundaries that fall within and outside conventional ethical parameters in professional practice. Alternative interpretations of “relationship” are discussed, noting in particular what consumers of services have identified as being beneficial qualities demonstrated by professional “helpers. ” Using touch and adopting notions of compassion, love, and reciprocity are discussed, noting how these ideas collide with the current ethical thinking commonly used to guide Western social work practice. Finally, a reexamination of “professionalism” is proposed, including ways to facilitate worker–client connectivity. Throughout, the complex tensions between balancing ethical considerations with ideas relating to trust, risk, and authenticity are articulated.
Effective Correctional Treatment: Bibliotherapy for Cynics

This paper presents recent evidence, obtained from a review of the liter ature on correctional treatment published since 1973, appealing the ver dict that correctional rehabilitation is ineffective. Questions are raised about the quality of the research that led to the conclusion that "nothing works. " Recent research on family intervention, contingency man agement, counseling, diversion, and biomedical techniques is discussed, as is the efficacy of treatment of such problems as alcoholism, drug addic tion, and sexual deviations. It is concluded that there are several types of intervention programs that have proved successful with offender popu lations. These intervention programs illustrate pointedly why there have been so many failures reported in correctional treatment.
ICT, Education Transformation, and Economic Development: An Analysis of the US National Educational Technology Plan

In support of the conclusions and recommendations in the National Education Technology Plan (NETP), this article makes explicit the connections between the economic rationale used in the plan and the educational transformations it recommends. The article reviews macroeconomic research, microeconomic research, labor market and workforce studies, and studies showing patterns of the everyday information communication technology (ICT) use in American life to document the profound changes occurring in the American economy and society. It also reviews studies showing a gap between what is happening in American schools and the experiences and skills that our youth need to enter the information economy. The article concludes with an analysis of and an elaboration on the transformational recommendations made in the NETP, based on these reviews.
Six Expert and Student Teachers' Views and Implementation of Constructivist Teaching Using a Movement Approach to Physical Education

In this article I describe 3 expert and 3 student physical education teachers' constructivist views of pedagogical content knowledge and their practices while teaching 3 lessons on educational games involving dribbling that were based on the movement approach. Transcripts of 2 formal interviews with each participant and 18 videotaped lessons were analyzed using constant comparison. Results indicated that both groups of teachers demonstrated an adequate constructivist view of pedagogical content knowledge. Although expert and student teachers had no problems facilitating students' work on a variety of movement tasks, the student teachers, unlike the expert teachers, did not use constructivist-based instructional strategies to respond to students' learning responses.
Subject Knowledge in Early Childhood Curriculum and Pedagogy: Beliefs and Practices

The concept of ‘subjects' has posed a philosophical dilemma and polarised debate within early childhood education. Consequently, little attention has been paid to teachers' and children's subject knowledge and the role these might play in early childhood curriculum and pedagogy to extend and enhance children's learning. This article reports on a study that explored beliefs and practices about subject knowledge in one kindergarten in New Zealand. The study's findings are analysed from two contrasting perspectives: categories of teacher knowledge and sociocultural theory. The article argues that a contemporary sociocultural view of knowledge has potential within the existing philosophy underpinning early childhood curriculum and pedagogy to recognise and strengthen the position of subject knowledge. Implications for curriculum, pedagogy and teacher education are discussed.
THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS AND JOB PERFORMANCE

The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between personality dimensions and job performance. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The study population consisted of 159 employees of a pharmaceutical company. The NEO-Personality Inventory - Revised and Performance Appraisal Questionnaire were used as measuring instruments. The results showed that Emotional Stability, Extraversion, Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness were related to task performance and creativity. Three personality dimensions, namely Emotional Stability, Openness to Experience and Agreeableness, explained 28% of the variance in participants' management performance. OPSOMMING Die doelstelling van hierdie navorsing was om die verband tussen persoonlikheidsdimensies en werksprestasie te bepaal. 'n Eenmalige dwarsdeursnee-ontwerp is gebruik. Die ondersoekgroep het bestaan uit 159 werknemers binne 'n farmaseutiese organisasie. Die NEO-Personality Inventory - Revised en die Prestasiebeoordelingsvraelys is as meet- instrumente gebruik. Die resultate het aangetoon dat Emosionele Stabiliteit, Ekstroversie en Konsensieusheid met taakverrigting en kreatiwiteit verband hou. Drie persoonlikheidsdimensies, naamlik Emosionele Stabiliteit, Openheid vir Ervaring en Inskiklikheid, het 28% van die variansie in bestuursprestasie (soos beoordeel deur toesighouers) voorspel.
‘Single Cycle’ Languages: Empirical Evidence for TAG-Adjoining

Russian and Polish lack ’unbounded’ syntactic dependencies that fall into the primary empirical domain of TAG-Adjoining, namely, long-distance movement/filler-gap dependencies across a tensed clause boundary. A theory that incorporates Adjoining as a recursive structure building device provides a novel and straightforward account of this gap, whereas existing theories of syntactic locality, e.g. of the standard Minimalist kind, face difficulties explaining the phenomenon. These languages thus supply direct linguistic evidence for Adjoining.
Aberrant methylation of imprinted genes is associated with negative hormone receptor status in invasive breast cancer

Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes enables monoallelic expression according to parental origin, and its disruption is implicated in many cancers and developmental disorders. The expression of hormone receptors is significant in breast cancer because they are indicators of cancer cell growth rate and determine response to endocrine therapies. We investigated the frequency of aberrant events and variation in DNA methylation at nine imprinted sites in invasive breast cancer and examined the association with estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Breast tissue and blood from patients with invasive breast cancer (n = 38) and benign breast disease (n = 30) were compared with those from healthy individuals (n = 36), matched with the cancer patients by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, body mass index, menopausal status and familial history of cancer. DNA methylation and allele‐specific expression were analyzed by pyrosequencing. Tumor‐specific methylation changes at IGF2 DMR2 were observed in 59% of cancer patients, IGF2 DMR0 in 38%, DIRAS3 DMR in 36%, GRB10 ICR in 23%, PEG3 DMR in 21%, MEST ICR in 19%, H19 ICR in 18%, KvDMR in 8% and SNRPN/SNURF ICR in 4%. Variation in methylation was significantly greater in breast tissue from cancer patients compared with that in healthy individuals and benign breast disease. Aberrant methylation of three or more sites was significantly associated with negative estrogen‐alpha (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.02) and progesterone‐A (p = 0.02) receptor status. Aberrant events and increased variation in imprinted gene DNA methylation, therefore, seem to be frequent in invasive breast cancer and are associated with negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status, without loss of monoallelic expression.
The Effects of Math Anxiety on Post-Secondary Developmental Students as Related to Achievement, Gender, and Age

Woodard examines the nature of math anxiety in developmental students and proposes ways to alleviate their worries. Having taught developmental mathematics for a number of years, I am keenly aware of the effects of math anxiety on developmental math students. Math-anxious students complain of such things as nervousness, inability to concentrate, a blank mind, and a feeling of sickness when they are confronted with taking a math test. One of my algebra students was so math anxious that she could not take a math test without becoming extremely nervous. When she failed Algebra II twice, she threatened to quit school because the Algebra course was the only thing preventing her from seeking a degree in Respiratory Therapy. However, after being allowed to take Respiratory classes along with the Algebra course, she became more relaxed with the math and began doing much better.
Some of My Best Friends——Experiences of Bullying Within Friendships

This study provides one of the first assessments of bullying among friends based on the perceptions of victimized children and their parents and teachers, with respect to actual situations that they raised for discussion. The qualitative methodology privileges the `lived experience' of study participants. Interviews were conducted with children in 4th and 5th grades who self-identified as victimized, and with their parents and teachers. Bullying by a child considered a friend can be particularly confusing. It can be difficult for the child to recognize that a friend is bullying and for parents and teachers to identify these interactions as bullying. Themes that emerged included the child's awareness of being bullied by friends; the adults' awareness that the child was bullied by friends; impact on the friendship and differentiating bullying from conflict in friendship. This exploratory research suggests that bullying among friends is an important issue that demands further investigation.
Performance enhancement with music in rowing sprint.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of fast- and slow-tempo music on 500-m rowing sprint performances. Twenty-two rowers performed 500-m sprints 3 times: rowing without music, rowing to slow music, and rowing to fast tempo music. Strokes per minute (SPM), time to completion, (TTC), and rated perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. Although RPE did not differ between the rowing conditions, TTC was shortest in the fast music condition. Further, shorter TTC was observed in the slow music condition in contrast to the control condition, indicating that slow music also enhanced performance. The strongest treatment effects emerged, however, in the examination of the SPM that were significantly higher during rowing to fast music in comparison with rowing to slow music or no music. These results suggest that fast music acts as an external psyching-up stimulus in brief and strenuous muscle work.
Cross -language transfer of phonological and orthographic processing skills in Spanish -speaking children learning to read and spell in English

Title of Dissertation: CROSS-LANGUAGE TRANSFER OF PHONOLOGICAL AND ORTHOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SKILLS IN SPANISH-SPEAKING CHILDREN LEARNING TO READ AND SPELL IN ENGLISH Marlene Kendra Sun-Alperin, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Min Wang Assistant Professor Department of Human Development This dissertation included two studies designed to examine how young children acquire biliteracy skills. Specifically, I aimed to determine how reading and spelling acquisition in English second language (L2) is influenced by Spanish first language (L1). Study 1 investigated the contribution of Spanish phonological and orthographic processing skills to English reading and spelling in 89 Spanish-English bilingual children in grades 2 (n = 42) and 3 (n = 47). Comparable measures in English and Spanish tapping phonological and orthographic processing were administered to the bilingual children and to 53 monolingual English-speaking children in grades 2 (n = 32) and 3 (n = 21) as a comparison group. We found that cross language phonological and orthographic transfer occurs from Spanish to English for real word and pseudoword reading. However, Spanish orthographic processing only predicted reading, not spelling. Study 2 examined spelling errors committed on specific linguistic units – vowels that are spelled differently in the two languages (i.e., contrastive vowels) – to determine whether Spanish-speaking children spell these vowels using Spanish spelling rules. Participants for Study 2 were carefully recruited; these Spanish-speaking students had received about 2.2 years of literacy instruction in their native language, ensuring that they would have adequate orthographic knowledge to read and spell in Spanish. Error analyses indicated that the 27 native Spanish-speaking children who received prior literacy instruction in Spanish did indeed spell these contrastive vowels using Spanish orthography; therefore, these errors were influenced by their L1 orthographic knowledge. Taken together, these two studies highlight the importance of taking into consideration bilingual children’s L1 phonological and orthographic knowledge in understanding L2 reading and spelling acquisition. The results of the two studies enhance the theoretical frameworks by providing empirical evidence to support the notion that bilingual children are indeed both positively and negatively affected by the differences in orthographic depths of the languages. CROSS-LANGUAGE TRANSFER OF PHONOLOGICAL AND ORTHOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SKILLS IN SPANISH-SPEAKING CHILDREN LEARNING TO READ AND SPELL IN ENGLISH by Marlene Kendra Sun-Alperin Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2007 Advisory Committee: Associate Professor Min Wang, Chair Professor Patricia Alexander Professor M. Jean Dreher Professor John Guthrie Assistant Professor Susan Parault © Copyright by Marlene Kendra Sun-Alperin 2007
Time in Language, Situation Models, and Mental Simulations

The purpose of this article is to propose a view of language processing, and particularly the role of aspect therein, from a mental-simulation perspective. I argue that situation model theories can account for the flow between and interconnectedness of event representations but that mental simulation theories are needed to account for the internal structure of event representations. The article concludes with some speculative thoughts on how simulation theories might accomplish this intellectual feat.
Discriminative Regions for Human Face Detection

We propose a robust method for face detection based on the assumption that face can be represented by arrangements of automatically detectable discriminative regions. The appearance of face is modelled statistically in terms of local photometric information and the spatial relationship of the discriminative regions. The spatial relationship between these regions serves mainly as a preliminary evidence for the hypothesis that a face is present in a particular position. The final decision is carried out using the complete information from the whole image patch. The results are very promising.