Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time series analysis of web server logs for an online newspaper

In the last decade, online newspapers have become a viable alternative to conventional hardcopy papers. Many studies have shown that digital media have increased their share of Internet audience. In this study, we use time series analysis to investigate the user behavior in accessing online newspapers and to describe the important features of the time series pattern. Data was gathered from the daily Malaysian newspaper, Berita Harian for the month of April 2012. In the initial phase, we carried out a basic analysis of time series analysis to identify user access behavior in terms of the days and hours of access. In the next stage, we conducted analysis on the user agent, that is, the different types of browser, devices and external links. This analysis could reveal whether the ubiquitous communication and computing has any effect to the online newspaper industry.
Bone Microenvironment Specific Roles of ITAM Adapter Signaling during Bone Remodeling Induced by Acute Estrogen-Deficiency

Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling mediated by DAP12 or Fcε receptor Iγ chain (FcRγ) have been shown to be critical for osteoclast differentiation and maturation under normal physiological conditions. Their function in pathological conditions is unknown. We studied the role of ITAM signaling during rapid bone remodeling induced by acute estrogen-deficiency in wild-type (WT), DAP12-deficient (DAP12-/-), FcRγ-deficient (FcRγ-/-) and double-deficient (DAP12-/-FcRγ-/-) mice. Six weeks after ovariectomy (OVX), DAP12-/-FcRγ-/- mice showed resistance to lumbar vertebral body (LVB) trabecular bone loss, while WT, DAP12-/- and FcRγ-/- mice had significant LVB bone loss. In contrast, all ITAM adapter-deficient mice responded to OVX with bone loss in both femur and tibia of approximately 40%, relative to basal bone volumes. Only WT mice developed significant cortical bone loss after OVX. In vitro studies showed microenvironmental changes induced by OVX are indispensable for enhanced osteoclast formation and function. Cytokine changes, including TGFβ and TNFα, were able to induce osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL in BMMs from WT but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRγ-/- mice. FSH stimulated RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from BMMs in WT, but not DAP12-/- and DAP12-/-FcRγ-/- mice. Our study demonstrates that although ITAM adapter signaling is critical for normal bone remodeling, estrogen-deficiency induces an ITAM adapter-independent bypass mechanism allowing for enhanced osteoclastogenesis and activation in specific bony microenvironments.
Research Paper Series Globalisation and Labour Markets Programme Structural Adjustment and the Sectoral and Geographical Mobility of Labour the Centre Acknowledges Financial Support from the Leverhulme Trust under Programme Grant F114/bf Structural Adjustment and the Sectoral and Geographical Mobili

Acknowledgements Financial assistance from the ESRC under Project Grant R000221779 and from The Leverhulme Trust under Programme Grant F114/BF is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are also grateful for comments from participants in seminars at St. Abstract Conventional methods for analysing worker flows often focus on gross flows or transition probabilities. This is not necessarily informative for identifying the scale of labour 'adjustment' in an economy in the sense of the expansion and decline of industries. We develop a method which relates the individual characteristics of workers to net, rather than gross flows. Our method also allows for interactions between the regional and sectoral mobility of labour. We apply this to the UK using data from the Labour Force Survey over a period of significant structural change, and quantify the relative importance of education and housing tenure on regional and sectoral mobility.
Useful Parameters of Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness Measured with an Impulse Oscillation Technique in Preschool Children

Background. There are few studies focused on bronchial challenge testing using the oscillation technique, and results from the test in preschool children have been inconsistent. Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore which level of provocative concentration (PC) is appropriate for bronchial challenge testing using the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) for assessing asthma. The authors also compared variable diagnostic cutoff values of PC expressed in different ways. Methods. A methacholine challenge test was performed using an IOS and the mean baseline value, resistance (Rrs), reactance (Xrs), resonance frequency (Rf), and area of reactance (AX) of the respiratory system were recorded simultaneously over a frequency spectrum of 5 to 35 Hz in 50 preschool children with asthma and 41 children with chronic cough, serving as controls. Results. The results of the methacholine challenge test by IOS, expressed as percent changes of the predicted value (Δ%Pred), were significantly different between the two groups, whereas results expressed as actual data or Z-score were not. PC80_Xrs5 was a valuable diagnostic cutoff level for asthma with acceptable sensitivity (80.0%) and specificity (82.9%). The areas under the ROC curves of Xrs5 for both actual (0.867; p < .001) and predicted values (0.877; p < .001) were larger than those for Rrs5 (0.746 and 0.730, respectively). Conclusions. The authors suggest PC80_Xrs5 might be a useful parameter for IOS-assessed bronchial challenge testing in preschool children with asthma.
Symptomatic urinary tract infection in women in primary health care. Bacteriological, clinical and diagnostic aspects in relation to host response to infection.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate rapid diagnostic tests for bacteriuria in women with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI), and to analyse bacteriological and clinical findings in relation to host response to infection. DESIGN Prospective study of symptomatic UTI in women. SETTING Primary health care centres. PATIENTS 819 women with signs and symptoms suggestive of UTI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES History of UTI and clinical findings were recorded. After randomization but before antibiotic treatment, urine specimens were analysed for pyuria by sediment microscopy and for nitrite using a test strip, and cultures were performed. The systemic inflammatory response was assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and total white blood cell count. RESULTS The combined use of tests for pyuria and nitrite resulted in a high sensitivity (0.93) and efficacy (0.85) when the prevalence of bacteriuria was 0.89. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus accounted for 93% of the urinary isolates. Significantly more patients infected with S. saprophyticus than E. coli complained of dysuria (p < 0.05), frequency (p < 0.05) or flank pain (p < 0.01). CRP agreed best with the clinical diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. CONCLUSIONS In women with a high probability of bacteriuria, i.e. those with symptoms of lower UTI, examination for pyuria and urinary nitrite offers high diagnostic efficacy. If either or both tests are positive urine cultures can be omitted.
Serum immunoreactivity of cancer/testis antigen OY-TES-1 and its tissues expression in glioma

OY-TES-1 is a member of the cancer/testis antigen family that is expressed in healthy testis tissue and certain types of cancerous tissue. The present study aimed to analyze the expression pattern of OY-TES-1 and serum anti-OY-TES-1 antibody concentration in patients with glioma. OY-TES-1 mRNA was detected in 28/36 (78%) of glioma cases using conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. RT-quantitative-PCR revealed that OY-TES-1 was expressed at a higher level in glioma tissues compared with normal adult tissues (with the exception of testis tissue). Anti-OY-TES-1 antibodies were present in the serum of 5/36 (14%) of patients with glioma, but absent in all the serum samples from 107 healthy donors. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that OY-TES-1 protein was expressed in all glioma tissues from patients with anti-OY-TES-1 antibody seropositivity. These results suggest that OY-TES-1 is a novel candidate for glioma immunotherapy.
Context conditioning and run-length coding for hybrid, embedded progressive image coding

An analysis of spatial context conditioning and run-length coding in embedded progressive, wavelet-based image coding is presented. The analysis shows that run-length coding of certain context subsequences is superior to pure entropy coding, both in terms of coding performance and of execution speed. Based on these considerations, a novel, intuitive context conditioning scheme using a spatial distance model to describe the statistics of significant coefficients is proposed. The results for the proposed coding scheme are competitive to the best coding schemes found in the literature.
Effects of the pole tide on the Chandler wobble.

By introducing a quasi-equilibrium pole tide theory, in which amplitude ratio and phase lag between equilibrium and actual pole tides are assumed to be constant over whole oceans, dynamical effects of an actual pole tide on the Chandler wobble in the Earth's rotation are discussed on the basis of the previously analyzed results of the observed pole tides over the world oceans.The quasi-equilibrium pole tide theory introduced here provides practical relations between the changing rates of amplitude and phase of the wobble and the tidal admittance of pole tide. It is shown that even a pole tide having amplitude of the same order as the equilibrium tide is not only able to lengthen the wobble period by about 30 days, but also to amplify and damp the wobble amplitude if the phase of the pole tide advances and delays by about 14° with respect to the equilibrium tide, respectively.Roughly speaking, the actual pole tides could only affect the wobble period or phase to about the same extent as the equilibrium tides. Wobble damping could generally be thought to be present mainly in the shallow seas at high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. Whereas wobble amplification would frequently be possible by the actual pole tides at low latitudes. In particular, the pole tides in the Pacific could have amplified the wobble amplitude after 1940, but before 1920 the world oceans would have merely damped the wobble. It is a matter of course that these roles of the pole tide are effective only when the wobble is excited by the atmosphere and some other sources and grows up to the extent, for example, of the annual wobble.
Modeling Automaticity and Strategy Selection in Dynamic Visual Detection

A model of human automaticity in a dynamic visual task (RADAR) is reported. This model represents a first approximation for a model that reproduces the main results from human participants collected by Young, Healy, Gonzalez, and Bourne (2007). The initial results on response time demonstrate high degree of fidelity (R 2 =0.98) using a process model derived directly from task requirements. The model leverages the ACT-R cognitive architecture (Anderson & Lebiere, 1998) and depends primarily on assumptions that have been imported from previous modeling efforts. The model is an instantiation of a dual-process theory of automaticity that is mediated by a strategy selection stage.
Discussion on ‘The extent of soil erosion in Upland England and Wales’

A recent survey by McHugh et al. (Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2002, Vol. 27, pp. 99–107), on the extent of soil erosion in upland England and Wales has several important limitations which should be considered when evaluating the significance of the results. The main limitations focus on an inadequate definition of the field survey methods; a lack of appreciation of the geomorphological context of the results; and no linking of erosion loss to timescale. An alternative approach based on sediment budget analysis provides reliable estimates of erosion and deposition; an indication of how upland sediment systems operate; and the relative significance of slope and channel processes. We believe it is more productive to have several strategically placed sediment budget assessments in the uplands of England and Wales than a rigid countrywide grid survey. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multilingual Modal Sense Classification using a Convolutional Neural Network

Modal sense classification (MSC) is a special WSD task that depends on the meaning of the proposition in the modal's scope. We explore a CNN architecture for classifying modal sense in English and German. We show that CNNs are superior to manually designed feature-based classifiers and a standard NN classifier. We analyze the feature maps learned by the CNN and identify known and previously unattested linguistic features. We benchmark the CNN on a standard WSD task, where it compares favorably to models using sense-disambiguated target vectors.
Post-recrystallisation mobilisation phenomena in metamorphosed stratabound sulphide ores

Abstract Metamorphosed stratabound iron- and base-metal sulphide deposits often exhibit microtextures in which fractures in cataclastically-deformed pyrite porphyroblasts are filled with matrix sulphides; chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite or galena. Discussions of such textures have mostly centred on whether solid-phase or fluid-phase mechanisms were responsible for the movement of the matrix sulphides. The small Zn-Cu sulphide body at Gressli, in the central Norwegian Caledonides, shows these textural features to an extreme degree. Both chalcopyrite and sphalerite show heavy replacive relations to the cataclastically deformed metablastic pyrite, along fracture walls and grain boundaries. They also occur injected along the opened-up triple junctions of foam-textured pyrite. In addition, parts of the ore show patchy quartz with clear replacive relationship to all three sulphides, a feature not often reported from such ores. Such textures can be interpreted to support a mobilisation sequence chalcopyrite-sphalerite-quartz within the Gressli ore. Their extent and degree of development indicate that fluid-phase mobilisation of the three minerals must have played a dominant role. Chalcopyrite and sphalerite are most likely derived from within the ore-mass itself; an external source for the SiO2 seems most probable, in the form of metahydrothermal solutions moving along retrograde shear zones at or near ore-walls.
Metasomatism of oceanic gabbros by late stage melts and hydrothermal fluids: Evidence from the rare earth element composition of amphiboles

We report new compositional and textural observations on amphiboles hosted in oceanic gabbros recovered from the slow spreading Mid‐Atlantic (MARK area) and Southwest Indian (Hole 735B) ridges and the fast spreading East Pacific Rise (Hess Deep) in an effort to find a set of reliable criteria that unequivocally distinguishes magmatic from hydrothermal amphibole. We find that there is no simple set of criteria that may be applied to distinguish between these parageneses. Rather, it is necessary to assess both a magmatic and hydrothermal origin for all amphibole grains in order to establish appropriate criteria for a particular sample suite. The rare earth element (REE) content of ∼75% of our amphibole grains may be accounted for by crystallization from residual melts; some of these melts were enriched in the light rare earth elements by the crystallization of apatite and/or amphibole. Of significance, only a small subset of these grains crystallized at magmatic temperatures (>825°C). We conclude that the grains that equilibrated at lower temperatures were initially magmatic but that their major elements were reset during subsolidus, hydrothermal alteration, and deformation. This decoupling of the major and rare earth elements was most prevalent in the Hess Deep and MARK suites, both of which were tectonically exhumed at amphibolite to greenschist facies conditions. The remaining REE data identify hydrothermal amphibole that formed by mineral‐scale reactions involving clinopyroxene, fluids, and ± plagioclase at subsolidus conditions. Evaluation of fluids in equilibrium with amphibole shows that deep hydrothermal fluids are unlike those venting at the seafloor in terms of REE contents and/or patterns.
Evidencias de cambio climático y ambiental en registros glaciales y en cuencas lacustres del centro de México durante el último máximo glacial

Significant information is available regarding glacial history, lake level and vegetation history from several basins and volcanoes during the late Pleistocene in the Transmexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). Here we present a synthesis and compilation of that information to establish the climatic conditions in this region during the Last Glacial Maximum. The data is organized in four time windows: Early Glacial: 25000-22000 cal BP, Last Glacial Maximum: 22000-18000 cal BP, Late Glacial: 18000-15000 cal BP and Terminal Glacial 15000-12000 cal BP. The late Pleistocene geomorphological evidence from Iztaccihuatl volcano offer the most complete record of glacial advances during the last 30000 yr; at other elevations the glacial history is fragmentary (due to volcanic activity) or more
A planar metamaterial co-directional coupler that couples power backwards

A metamaterial coupler made of a regular microstrip line and a negative-refractive-index (NRI) line is examined. Peculiar coupling effects are observed in which co-directional traveling waves result in contra-directional Poynting vectors on the lines thus leading to power being coupled backwards. This coupler demonstrates better performance in terms of coupled power and port isolation, but at a slightly reduced bandwidth, when compared to a commensurate regular microstrip coupled-line coupler.
Ammonium fixation during illite-smectite diagenesis in Upper Jurassic shale, North Sea

Abstract Claystones of Kimmeridgian-Volgian-Ryazanian age are the main source rock for oil in the Central Trough, North Sea. During oil generation, illite layers form in illite-smectite (I-S) and the illitesmectites become short-range (IS) ordered and eventually long-range (ISII) ordered. The formation of illite layers involves dehydration and fixation of interlayer cations, K+ and NH4 +. The content of soluble NH4 and K in core samples and the content of NH4 and K in I-S were determined, the NH4 by an isotope dilution method. In the Central Trough, soluble K+ decreases with depth, whereas soluble NH4 + increases with depth. From ∼3 km, the ratio NH4/K increases with depth, to an average of ∼0.5 at 4.4 km. In I-S, the ratio NH4/K shows a similar increase with depth. The NH4/K ratio increases significantly in I-S during ordering. It is concluded that NH4 fixation in I-S may be of general importance during burial diagenesis of oil source rocks.
On the survival and destruction of spiral galaxies in clusters

We follow the evolution of disk galaxies within a cluster that forms hierarchically in a cold dark matter N-body simulation. At a redshift z=0.5 we select several dark matter halos that have quiet merger histories and are about to enter the newly forming cluster environment. The halos are replaced with equilibrium high resolution model spirals that are constructed to represent examples of low surface brightness (LSB) and high surface brightness (HSB) galaxies. Varying the disk and halo structural parameters reveals that the response of a spiral galaxy to tidal encounters depends primarily on the potential depth of the mass distribution and the disk scale length. LSB galaxies, characterised by slowly rising rotation curves and large scale lengths, evolve dramatically under the influence of rapid encounters with substructure and strong tidal shocks from the global cluster potential --- galaxy harassment. We find that up to 90% of their stars are tidally stripped and congregate in large diffuse tails that trace the orbital path of the galaxy and form the diffuse intra-cluster light. The bound stellar remnants closely resemble the dwarf spheroidals (dE's) that populate nearby clusters. HSB galaxies are stable to the chaos of cluster formation and tidal encounters. These disks lie well within the tidally limited dark matter halos and their potentials are more concentrated. Although very few stars are stripped, the scale height of the disks increases substantially and no spiral features remain, therefore we speculate that these galaxies would be identified as S0 galaxies in present day clusters.
Laurentia-Siberia connection revisited

A new fit for Siberia and Laurentia in the Late Proterozoic places Siberia north of the Franklin orogenic front in the Canadian Arctic such that the Akitkan fold belt in Siberia aligns with the Thelon magmatic zone in Canada. Zircon ages from both belts range from 2.0 to 1.9 Ga and appear to record additions of juvenile crust. The match between the Archean Slave province in Canada and the Aldan province in Siberia also supports this fit. Common plutonic zircon ages in both provinces are >3.5 to 3.2 Ga, 3.1-2.9 Ga, and 2.8-2.6 Ga. The ∼1 Ga Grenville orogen may have extended northward between southern Greenland and Scandinavia, passing through east-central Greenland and adjacent Barentsia, and possibly into the Angara fold belt in Siberia. It is possible that three Early Proterozoic fold belts associated with the Aldan province are extensions of the Coronation Supergroup, an Early Proterozoic rift- to passive-margin succession deposited on the western margin of the Slave province.
Expected performance of a family of blind source separation algorithms in a reverberant room

Using statistical room acoustics, we investigate the performance of blind source separation and deconvolution (BSSD) algorithms when used in a reverberant room. We focus on the case where one of the sources moves, and examine the relative impact of source movement and room reverberation on the expected performance. We derive theoretical expressions, and verify these through image model simulations.
Association of human cytomegalovirus proteins IRS1 and TRS1 with the viral DNA polymerase accessory subunit UL44

Multiple proteins interacting with DNA polymerases orchestrate DNA replication. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes a DNA polymerase that includes the presumptive processivity factor UL44. UL44 is structurally homologous to the eukaryotic DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which interacts with numerous proteins. Previous proteomic analysis has identified the HCMV protein IRS1 as a candidate protein interacting with UL44. Nuclease-resistant reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation of UL44 with IRS1 and with TRS1, which has an amino terminus identical to that of IRS1, was observed from lysate of cells infected with viruses expressing epitope-tagged UL44, epitope-tagged IRS1 or epitope-tagged TRS1. Western blotting of protein immunoprecipitated from infected cell lysate indicated that epitope-tagged IRS1 and TRS1 do not associate simultaneously with UL44. Glutathione S-transferase pull-down experiments indicated that IRS1 and TRS1 interact with UL44 via a region that is identical in both proteins. Taken together, these data suggest that IRS1 and TRS1 may compete for association with UL44 and may affect UL44 function differentially.