Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of N1 of the whole nerve action potential and wave i of the brain-stem auditory evoked response in Mongolian gerbil.

The present study seeks to provide empirical support for the assumption that wave i of the gerbil brain-stem auditory evoked response (BAER) corresponds to N1 of the whole nerve action potential (WNAP) by comparing the latency and amplitude of BAER wave i and WNAP N1. Fourteen 3-month old gerbils were anesthetized with Nembutal and Urethane-Dial. Normothermia was maintained by a homeothermic blanket system. BAERs were recorded with Grass needle electrodes placed subdermally. The WNAP was recorded with a silver wire placed in the round window niche. WNAP and BAER were simultaneously recorded with a passband of 100-10,000 Hz. Responses consisted of 500 sweeps, and two responses were obtained for each condition. Clicks were 25-microseconds electrical pulses. Tonebursts were shaped with a Hanning window, with 1-ms rise and fall times. Toneburst frequencies included 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz. For each stimulus, responses were obtained at levels of 30, 50, 70, and 90 dB pSPL. SPL was measured near the entrance to the ear canal with an Etymotic ER-7C probe microphone. Dependent variables were the latency and amplitude of N1 of the WNAP and wave i of the BAER. The latencies of wave i and N1 were very similar. Mean (across animal) latencies of N1 and wave i were within 70 microseconds for all six stimuli (clicks, tonebursts) and all four levels. Latency/intensity function slopes for N1 and wave i were also very similar, with both dependent variables showing an increasing latency/intensity function slope with decreasing toneburst frequency. The N1/wave i amplitude ratio was computed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Intra- and intermolecular translocation of the bi-domain transcription factor Oct1 characterized by liquid crystal and paramagnetic NMR

The intra- and intermolecular translocation processes whereby the bi-domain transcription factor Oct1 searches for its specific DNA target site have been investigated by residual dipolar coupling (RDC) and paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) measurements. The RDC data show that the orientation of the POUS and POUHD domains of Oct1 relative to the long axis of the DNA is the same for specific and nonspecific complexes with DNA. In the context of the specific Oct1-DNA complex, sparsely-populated, spectroscopically “invisible” states reveal their footprints on the PRE profiles observed for the specific complex. Analysis of the PRE data indicates that the POUHD domain searches the DNA primarily by rotation-coupled sliding (intramolecular translocation), while the POUS domain functions as an antenna to promote intersegment transfer via intermolecular translocation. The latter involves the formation of a bridged intermediate in which the POUHD domain is located on the first DNA molecule and the POUS domain on the second. The formation of the bridge intermediate promotes the completion of intermolecular translocation of Oct1 via a first order process involving dissociation and association of the POUHD domain from one DNA molecule to another. Thus cross-talk between the POUS and POUHD domains, each fulfilling different and complementary components of the search process ensures efficient sampling of DNA, thereby facilitating the location of specific Oct1 target sites.
Dental Erosion – An Overview with Emphasis on Chemical and Histopathological Aspects

The quality of dental care and modern achievements in dental science depend strongly on understanding the properties of teeth and the basic principles and mechanisms involved in their interaction with surrounding media. Erosion is a disorder to which such properties as structural features of tooth, physiological properties of saliva, and extrinsic and intrinsic acidic sources and habits contribute, and all must be carefully considered. The degree of saturation in the surrounding solution, which is determined by pH and calcium and phosphate concentrations, is the driving force for dissolution of dental hard tissue. In relation to caries, with the calcium and phosphate concentrations in plaque fluid, the ‘critical pH’ below which enamel dissolves is about 5.5. For erosion, the critical pH is lower in products (e.g. yoghurt) containing more calcium and phosphate than plaque fluid and higher when the concentrations are lower. Dental erosion starts by initial softening of the enamel surface followed by loss of volume with a softened layer persisting at the surface of the remaining tissue. Dentine erosion is not clearly understood, so further in vivo studies, including histopathological aspects, are needed. Clinical reports show that exposure to acids combined with an insufficient salivary flow rate results in enhanced dissolution. The effects of these and other interactions result in a permanent ion/substance exchange and reorganisation within the tooth material or at its interface, thus altering its strength and structure. The rate and severity of erosion are determined by the susceptibility of the dental tissues towards dissolution. Because enamel contains less soluble mineral than dentine, it tends to erode more slowly. The chemical mechanisms of erosion are also summarised in this review. Special attention is given to the microscopic and macroscopic histopathology of erosion.
Masculinity and Femininity: Their Psychological Dimensions, Correlates, and Antecedents

vice, and a vice because it nullifies what is to me the greatest human potential, the exercise of reason'. Her attitude contrasts sharply with the emphasis laid on transcendental states of consciousness by contemporary humanistic psychologists, and she frowns on even the most acceptably heightened states of mind: ' If I were to be asked. what next change in sensibility would most benefit us all, my answer would be to come to distrust all fallings in love'. Clear enough, high-order journalism but why, one wonders, does she protest so much?
Potential Adaptive Function for Altered Long-Term Potentiation Mechanisms in Aging Hippocampus

Age-dependent alterations in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) are well documented, providing a likely neural basis for memory decline associated with aging. Studies of neural plasticity are also important to understand the neural basis of individual differences in aging, ranging from significant cognitive impairment to preservation of function on a par with younger adults. To examine the cellular mechanisms that distinguish such outcomes, we studied the induction of LTP in male outbred young and aged rats behaviorally characterized in hippocampal-dependent spatial learning. We evaluated, in vitro, the magnitude of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent and -independent forms of LTP induced in the Schaffer collateral to CA1 synapses. We found that age substantially reduces NMDAR-dependent LTP across the spectrum of cognitive outcomes, whereas increased NMDAR-independent LTP occurs distinctively in high-performing aged rats. Moreover, in young rats, behavioral performance correlates strongly with the magnitude of NMDAR-LTP, whereas NMDAR-independent LTP correlates with behavioral performance only in aged rats. Together with similar previous findings on the mechanisms for LTD in this model, these results support the notion that a shift from NMDAR-dependent to NMDAR-independent mechanisms for neural plasticity during aging is associated with better cognitive outcomes.
Exploring the relationship between employees’ perception of empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) has received considerable attention in recent years. It has been studied as behavioral outcome of employees" motivation in organizations. However, the present study sought to discern the relationship between employees" perception of empowerment with OCB as voluntary acts beyond the role specification in 75 employees of sport and youth organization of khorasan Razavi province. Data was collected through organizational citizenship behavior and employees" perception of empowerment questionnaires. Both scales were adapted into farsi. Statistical analysis of the study reveald that mean scores of employees" perception of empowerment and OCB were low. There was a significant relationship between employees" perception of empowerment and its subscales with OCB (p < 0/05), a stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that meaningfullness and competence were the strongest predictors of OCB. (H. Fahim Devin, H.peymanizad, Z.s.Mirzazadeh, M.A.Sane. Exploring the relationship between employees' perception of empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior. Life Sci J 2013;10(8s):235-238) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 36
Schooling and national integration in Cameroon

This study examines the effects of the level of schooling on National integration in English-speaking Cameroon. National integration is conceptualised as the creation of an individual's sense of identification and loyalty to the nation and his willingness to accept and integrate voluntarily with one's fellow citizens irrespective of their cultural or ethnic differences. The main hypothesis adopted for the investigation (there will be a significant increase in positive attitudes towards National integration from primary to secondary and from secondary to post-secondary education) was confirmed. However, a Step-wise Multiple Regression Analysis of all the variables indicated that urbanization and not levels of educational attainment is a better predictor of National integration as far as this study is concerned. Four scales, the Nationalism scale, the Friendship Choice scale, the Language Choice scale and the Language Use scale. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from 491 randomly selected subjects from primary, secondary and post-secondary students and also from the adult population. In addition to the demographic facts, the questionnaire used was composed of four scales, three behavioural and an attitude scale of the Likert type. These scales were modified in the field after the pilot study. The data obtained from these instruments were analysed by Gutman scale analysis, Pearson-product Moment Correlations, one way analysis of variance, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance and a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Comparisons were made between groups of students categorised by various demographic and educational factors(e.g. age, levels of education, urbanization etc.) in order to demonstrate the schools foster a positive attitude towards integration and to dis— cover the most effective variable that influences national integration.
HLA Class II Alleles Susceptibility Markers of Type 1 Diabetes Fail to Specify Phenotypes of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes in Adult Tunisian Patients

We aimed to characterize the different subgroups of ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) in a sample of Tunisian patients using the Aβ scheme based on the presence or absence of β-cell autoantibodies (A+ or A−) and β-cell functional reserve (β+ or β−) and we investigated whether HLA class II alleles could contribute to distinct KPD phenotypes. We enrolled 43 adult patients with a first episode of ketosis. For all patients we evaluated clinical parameters, β-cell autoimmunity, β-cell function and HLA class II alleles. Frequency distribution of the 4 subgroups was 23.3% A+β−, 23.3% A−β−, 11.6% A+β+ and 41.9% A−β+. Patients from the group A+β− were significantly younger than those from the group A−β− (P = .002). HLA susceptibility markers were significantly more frequent in patients with autoantibodies (P = .003). These patients also had resistance alleles but they were more frequent in A+β+ than A+β− patients (P = .04). Insulin requirement was not associated to the presence or the absence of HLA susceptibility markers. HLA class II alleles associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diabetes have not allowed us to further define Tunisian KPD groups. However, high prevalence of HLA resistance alleles in our patients may reflect a particular genetic background of Tunisian KPD population.
Remote Vector Gaussian Source Coding With Decoder Side Information Under Mutual Information and Distortion Constraints

Let X , Y , Z be zero-mean, jointly Gaussian random vectors of dimensions nx, ny, and nz, respectively. Let P be the set of random variables W such that W harr Y harr (X, Z) is a Markov string. We consider the following optimization problem: WisinP min I(Y; Z) subject to one of the following two possible constraints: 1) I(X; W|Z) ges RI, and 2) the mean squared error between X and Xcirc = E(X|W, Z) is less than d . The problem under the first kind of constraint is motivated by multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay channels with an oblivious transmitter and a relay connected to the receiver through a dedicated link, while for the second case, it is motivated by source coding with decoder side information where the sensor observation is noisy. In both cases, we show that jointly Gaussian solutions are optimal. Moreover, explicit water filling interpretations are given for both cases, which suggest transform coding approaches performed in different transform domains, and that the optimal solution for one problem is, in general, suboptimal for the other.
Transvaginal aspiration of ovarian cysts: prognosis based on outcome over a 12‐month period.

The success of transvaginal aspiration of ovarian cysts in terms of cyst dimensions, location, and content and the age of the women was evaluated in 35 women aged 17 to 76 years old. Three parameters proved important in predicting the outcome of aspiration: age of the woman (higher age = poorer prognosis for cure), maximum diameter of the cyst (larger diameter = poorer prognosis), and location (left‐sided cysts have a poorer prognosis). Prognosis based on outcome indicates aspiration of large cysts should be avoided in older women.
Clock Skew Based Client Device Identification in Cloud Environments

Along with the growth of cloud computing and mobile devices, the importance of client device identity concern over cloud environment is emerging. To provide a lightweight yet reliable method for device identification, an application layer approach based on clock skew fingerprint is proposed. The developed experimental platform adapts AJAX technology to collect the timestamps of client devices in the cloud server during connection time, then calculate the clock skews of client devices. Few methods based on linear regression and piecewise minimum algorithm are developed to optimize the precision and shorten timestamp collection process. A jump point detection scheme is also proposed to resolve the offset drifting problem, which is usually caused by switching network or temporary disconnection. Finally, two experiments are conducted to study the effectiveness of clock skew fingerprint, and the results illustrate that the false positive rate and the false negative rate, in the worst case, are both no more than 8% when the tolerance threshold is set appropriately.
Promoting a Culture of Scholarship in Higher Education

Increasing need for accountability, combined with competition for educational resources, necessitates movement toward a culture of scholarship at institutes of higher education. Transitioning toward such a culture, particularly for smaller institutions or those focused primarily on teaching, can be challenging due to changing expectations on issues such as workload and productivity. As part of a broader effort to build infrastructure at a single academic institution, we describe a case study to inform a process of cultural change to promote scholarship. We reviewed existing literature on scholarship and productivity, and we interviewed 30 faculty and doctoral students at a transitioning college of social work regarding their scholarship. Analyses were conducted using provisional, axial, and selective coding and MaxQDA software. We identified five key themes for promoting a culture of scholarship, including protecting time for research, building staff supports, engaging students, developing research resources, and cultivating professional growth and discourse. Specific recommendations in the five areas and a checklist of strategies can be used to implement change at other institutions. The suggested strategies are derived from faculty and student perspectives, thereby allowing those held to expectations to take a lead role in building infrastructure within an evolving academic context.
A unified architecture for scalable and replicable autonomous shuttles in a smart city

Connected and automated driving vehicles have become a present and near future reality. There are already a slowly increasing number of trucks that do autonomous test drives on highways. Level 3 Highway Chauffeur applications are expected to be on the market as early as 2020 and Level 4 Highway Pilot applications are expected to be available around 2025. There is also a drive towards smarter cities with smarter mobility choices that include the use of smaller, lower speed automated driving vehicles. This paper proposes a unified basic computing, sensing, communication and actuation architecture and scalable and replicable automated driving control systems built upon that architecture. A passenger sedan and a small electric vehicle are used to illustrate the application of the proposed unified architecture to these two different sized vehicles. Their automation along with a scalable control algorithm for path following are used for presenting the scalability and replicability of the unified architecture proposed in this paper.
Integrin Mediates Internalization of Mammalian Reovirus

Melissa S. Maginnis,† J. Craig Forrest,†‡ Sarah A. Kopecky-Bromberg,§ S. Kent Dickeson, Samuel A. Santoro, Mary M. Zutter, Glen R. Nemerow, Jeffrey M. Bergelson, and Terence S. Dermody* Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Pathology, and Pediatrics and Elizabeth B. Lamb Center for Pediatric Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037; and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Human computer biosphere interaction: towards a sustainable society

This paper presents the author's vision of Human Computer Biosphere Interaction (HCBI): Towards a Sustainable Society. HCBI extends the subject of HCI from countable people, objects, pets, and plants to an auditory biosphere that is uncountable, complex, and non-linguistic. By realizing HCBI, soundmarks in a forest can help us feel as one with nature, beyond the physical distance. The goal of HCBI is to realize the benefits of belonging to nature without causing environmental destruction. This paper presents the concept overview, related work, the method and developed interfaces.
3-T navigator parallel-imaging coronary MR angiography: targeted-volume versus whole-heart acquisition.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare whole-heart acquisition with targeted-volume acquisition in 3-T navigator coronary MR angiography with parallel imaging. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The right and left coronary arteries of 20 subjects were imaged with axial whole-heart acquisition and two oblique targeted-volume acquisitions. RESULTS Both whole-heart and targeted-volume acquisitions were completed with similar navigator efficiencies ( approximately 50%) and depicted similar coronary artery diameters ( approximately 3 mm) (p >or= 0.06). The lengths of the coronary arteries were not significantly different (p = 0.07-0.45) for the whole-heart and targeted-volume approaches. Depiction of the sharper coronary arteries (p <or= 0.04) and overall image quality (p < 0.02) were better with the targeted-volume approach. CONCLUSION For current 3-T navigator parallel-imaging coronary MR angiography, targeted-volume acquisition yields sharper coronary images than does whole-heart acquisition.
Academic Stress and Self-Regulation among University Students in Malaysia: Mediator Role of Mindfulness

Academic stress is the most common emotional or mental state that students experience during their studies. Stress is a result of a wide range of issues, including test and exam burden, a demanding course, a different educational system, and thinking about future plans upon graduation. A sizeable body of literature in stress management research has found that self-regulation and being mindful will help students to cope up with the stress and dodge long-term negative consequences, such as substance abuse. The present study aims to investigate the influence of academic stress, self-regulation, and mindfulness among undergraduate students in Klang Valley, Malaysia, and to identify mindfulness as the mediator between academic stress and self-regulation. For this study, a total of 384 undergraduate students in Klang Valley, Malaysia were recruited. Using Correlational analysis, results revealed that there was a significant relationship between academic stress, self-regulation, and mindfulness. However, using SPSS mediational analysis, mindfulness did not prove the mediator role in the study.
The Average Density of Self‐Conformal Measures

The paper calculates the average density of the normalized Hausdorff measure on the fractal set generated by a conformal iterated function system. It equals almost everywhere a positive constant given by a truncated generalized s‐energy integral, where s is the corresponding Hausdorff dimension. As a main tool a conditional Gibbs measure is determined. The appendix proves an appropriate extension of Birkhoff's ergodic theorem which is also of independent interest.
Handedness, limb selection, and reach control: a test of the dynamic dominance hypothesis

Handedness, Limb Selection, and Reach Control: A Test of the Dynamic Dominance Hypothesis. (December 2008) Won Dae Kim, B.S., Seoul National University; M.S., Seoul National University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Carl Gabbard This study examined the generalization of the Dynamic Dominance Hypothesis (DDH) in regard to limb dominance, limb selection, and limb action. This study was inspired by the finding that limb selection changes from dominant-arm to nondominantarm occur around an object position of 80° for right-handers and 100° for left-handers after passing the body midline (90°) into contralateral hemispace. For Study 1 and Study 2, 10 right-handed and 10 left-handed adults participated and reaching with the right and left arms of rightand left-handers was made to each of nine targets using free-choice and forced-choice paradigms. The purpose of Study 1 was to determine the relationship between limb selection and the DDH among both handedness groups. Thus, Study 1 addressed the following questions: Can the DDH explain why people select their nondominant hand for reaching into their contalateral hemispace? Do predictions of the DDH hold for rightand left-handers? Our results suggest that control efficiency with regard to a reduction in degrees of freedom in reaching movements seems to be a more fundamental cause for the limb selection
Restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA from genital isolates of herpes simplex virus type 2

High-resolution restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA from multiple herpes simplex virus type 2 isolates from 30 patients at a single clinical center has indicated that herpes simplex virus type 2 DNA sequences are highly conserved. However, the use of six endonucleases, EcoRI, BglII, HindIII, KpnI, BamHI, and SstI, established that each patient was infected by a unique virus. Comparison of virus isolates from the same patient show that the most sequence variation occurred in the terminal and subterminal BamHI fragments. The results suggest that each individual may induce specific variation in the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome and that the results of epidemiological studies based on restriction endonuclease analyses of herpes simplex virus type 2 DNA must be interpreted with care.