Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite and Arecibo Observations of H2O and OH in a Diffuse Cloud along the Line of Sight to W51

Observations of W51 with the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite have yielded the first detection of water vapor in a diffuse molecular cloud. The water vapor lies in a foreground cloud that gives rise to an absorption feature at an LSR velocity of 6 km s-1. The inferred water column density is 2.5 × 1013 cm-2. Observations with the Arecibo radio telescope of hydroxyl molecules at 10 positions in W51 imply an OH column density of 8 × 1013 cm- 2 in the same diffuse cloud. The observed H2O/OH ratio of ~0.3 is significantly larger than an upper limit derived previously from ultraviolet observations of the similar diffuse molecular cloud lying in front of HD 154368. The observed variation in H2O/OH likely points to the presence in one or both of these clouds of a warm (T ≳ 400 K) gas component in which neutral-neutral reactions are important sources of OH and/or H2O.
Juvenile salmon with high standard metabolic rates have higher energy costs but can process meals faster

Basal or standard metabolic rate (SMR) has been found to exhibit substantial intraspecific variation in a range of taxa, but the consequences of this variation are little understood. Here we explore how SMR is related to the energy cost of processing food, known as apparent specific dynamic action or the heat increment of feeding. Using juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, we show that fishes with a higher SMR had a higher peak and a greater total energy expenditure when digesting a given size of meal. However, the duration over which their metabolism was elevated after consuming the meal was shorter. The greater energy costs they incur for processing food may be related to their assimilation efficiency. These relationships are likely to have implications for feeding strategies and growth rates, since individuals with a higher SMR have higher routine costs of living but recover more quickly following feeding and so may have a greater potential for processing food.
Cross-lingual speech emotion recognition system based on a three-layer model for human perception

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether emotion dimensions valence, activation, and dominance can be estimated cross-lingually. Most of the previous studies for automatic speech emotion recognition were based on detecting the emotional state working on mono-language. However, in order to develop a generalized emotion recognition system, the performance of these systems must be analyzed in mono-language as well as cross-language. The ultimate goal of this study is to build a bilingual emotion recognition system that has the ability to estimate emotion dimensions from one language using a system trained using another language. In this study, we first propose a novel acoustic feature selection method based on a human perception model. The proposed model consists of three layers: emotion dimensions in the top layer, semantic primitives in the middle layer, and acoustic features in the bottom layer. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method is effective for selecting acoustic features representing emotion dimensions, working with two different databases, one in Japanese and the other in German. Finally, the common acoustic features between the two databases are used as the input to the cross-lingual emotion recognition system. Moreover, the proposed cross-lingual system based on the three-layer model performs just as well as the two separate mono-lingual systems for estimating emotion dimensions values.
TT Virus DNA Among Hemodialysis Patients in Alexandria

Hadia A. Abou-Donia*, Heba S.Selim*, Ahmed F. El-Koraei**, Abeer A. Ghazal ̊ Noha M. Kabbary* *Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health. **Internal Medicine Department (Nephrology Unit), Faculty of Medicine. ̊Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Since TTV was discovered a few years ago, it was a target for many studies; however, there is still a poor understanding of its mechanism of transmission and pathogenic potential. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of TTV among hemodialysis patients. One hundred and twenty eight serum samples obtained from patients undergoing hemodialysis were tested for the presence of TTV DNA using PCR technique, and the levels of liver enzymes were also determined. TTV DNA was detected in 83 (64.8%) out of the 128 hemodialysis patients. There was significant positive statistical relation between the presence of TTV DNA and history of blood transfusion. However, there was no significant effect of the duration of dialysis or the levels of liver enzymes on the presence of TTV DNA. This significant high rate of isolation highlights the need to further investigations and the development of sensitive and simple detection methods to understand the epidemiology and natural history of TTV infection.
Relation Extraction from Texts with Symbolic Rules Induced by Inductive Logic Programming

Relation Extraction (RE) is the task of detecting semantic relations between entities in text. Most of the state-of-the-art RE systems rely on statistical machine learning techniques which usually employ an attribute-value representation of features. Contrarily to this trend, we focus on an alternative approach to RE based on the automatic induction of symbolic extraction rules. We present OntoILPER, an RE system based on Inductive Logic Programming which uses a domain ontology in its extraction process. Several experiments are discussed in this paper over the reACE 2004/2005 reference corpora. The results are encouraging and seem to demonstrate the effective-ness of the proposed solution.
Cache-aware routing in Information-Centric Networks

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) has attracted the attention of the research community, which has argued that content, instead of end-points, must be at the center stage of attention. The research issues addressed by most of the proposed architectures are related to persistent/unique naming, efficient content distribution, in-network caching and security. Despite the emergence of ICN-oriented solutions, little attention has been given on designing efficient routing mechanisms suitable for ICNs since most of the approaches assume either traditional shortest path or inefficient flooding schemes. In this paper, we first describe how a resource management system can be deployed on two of the most fermentative ICN network architectures and we propose a cache-aware routing scheme that calculate the paths with the minimum transportation cost based on the information item demands and the caching capabilities of the network. We present a Dynamic Programming approach for calculating the paths and we validate the proposed approach through simulations.
Very low energy diets in the treatment of obesity

Very low energy diets (VLEDs) are defined as diets which contain energy levels of less than 3.4 MJ (800 kcal) per day and contain daily allowances of all essential nutritional requirements. These diets have been in clinical use for more than 20 years. They are used as the only source of nutrition for 8–16 weeks, which usually achieves a weight loss of 1.5–2.5 kg per week. Before using this type of diet a medical investigation is necessary to evaluate contraindications and to check medication use during the diet. To facilitate maintenance, cognitive behavioural counselling should always be included in a weight reduction programme using a very low energy diet. VLEDs have no serious harmful effects and can safely be used in patients with various chronic diseases. Programmes using VLEDs produce better short‐term weight loss than programmes without the diet. However, in randomized controlled trials VLED‐based programmes have not achieved significantly better long‐term maintenance than conventional programmes. VLEDs are used when rapid weight loss is necessary because of an obesity‐related disease. In other patients with obesity it is an alternative to other conservative approaches for treatment of obesity. In type 2 diabetes it may improve long‐term glucose metabolism better than conventional weight reducing diets. Some studies suggest that after a VLED‐based programme long‐term maintenance is better among men than women. This possible gender difference is an important topic for further research.
A novel miniaturized low-profile tri-band frequency selective surface based on complementary structure

In this letter, a novel low profile tri-band frequency selective surface (FSS) with miniaturized periodic element based on complementary structure is presented. The proposed FSS element consists of two split square loops connected with a convoluted cross dipoles in the center, and its complementary pattern etched at the bottom of the substrate. The proposed FSS provides tri-band performance. In this FSS, each element has a dimension of 0. 034λ × 0. 034λ, where λ represents the free-space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency. The frequency response of the structure is shown to have a relatively low sensitivity to the angles and polarizations of striking plane electromagnetic wave, which achieves smaller size in comparison with the previously proposed structures.
The Hidden Subgroup Problem and Quantum Computation Using Group Representations

The hidden subgroup problem is the foundation of many quantum algorithms. An efficient solution is known for the problem over abelian groups, employed by both Simon's algorithm and Shor's factoring and discrete log algorithms. The nonabelian case, however, remains open; an efficient solution would give rise to an efficient quantum algorithm for graph isomorphism. We fully analyze a natural generalization of the algorithm for the abelian case to the nonabelian case and show that the algorithm determines the normal core of a hidden subgroup: in particular, normal subgroups can be determined. We show, however, that this immediate generalization of the abelian algorithm does not efficiently solve graph isomorphism.
Ipsilateral Input Modifies the Primary Somatosensory Cortex Response to Contralateral Skin Flutter

We recorded the optical intrinsic signal response of squirrel monkey primary somatosensory cortex (SI) to 25 Hz vibrotactile (“flutter”) stimulation applied independently to the thenar eminence on each hand and also to bilateral (simultaneous) stimulation of both thenars. The following observations were obtained in every subject (n = 5). (1) Ipsilateral stimulation was accompanied by an increase in absorbance within the SI hand region substantially smaller than the absorbance increase evoked by contralateral stimulation. (2) The absorbance increase evoked by simultaneous bilateral stimulation was smaller (by ∼30%) than that evoked by contralateral stimulation. (3) The spatiointensive pattern of the SI response to bilateral flutter was distinctly different than the pattern that accompanied contralateral flutter stimulation: with contralateral flutter, the center of the responding region of SI underwent a large increase in absorbance, whereas absorbance decreased in the surrounding region; in contrast, during bilateral flutter, absorbance decreased (relative to that evoked by contralateral flutter) in the central region of SI but increased in the surround. The results raise the possibility that somatosensory perceptual experiences specific to bimanual tactile object exploration derive, at least in part, from the unique spatiointensive activity pattern evoked in SI when the stimulus makes contact with both hands. It is suggested that modulatory influences evoked by ipsilateral thenar flutter stimulation reach SI via a two-stage pathway involving interhemispheric (callosal) connections between information processing levels higher than SI and subsequently via intrahemispheric (corticocortical) projections to the SI hand region.
Single Valued Neutrosophic Sets

Neutrosophic set is a part of neutrosophy which studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. Neutrosophic set is a powerful general formal framework that has been recently proposed. However, neutrosophic set needs to be specified from a technical point of view. To this effect, we define the settheoretic operators on an instance of neutrosophic set, we call it single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS). We provide various properties of SVNS, which are connected to the operations and relations over SVNS.
Comparison of reendothelialization and neointimal formation with stents coated with antibodies against endoglin and CD34 in a porcine model

Anti-CD34 coated stents are the only commercialized antibody-coated stents currently used for coronary artery diseases with various limitations. Endoglin plays important roles in the proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular remodeling and could be an ideal target surface molecule. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of stents coated with anti-endoglin antibodies (ENDs) in terms of endothelial recovery and the reduction of neointimal formation. The performance of ENDs was evaluated by comparing with stents coated with anti-CD34 antibodies (CD34s), sirolimus-eluting stents (SESs), and bare metal stents (BMSs). Stents were randomly assigned and placed in the coronary arteries of juvenile pigs. Histomorphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopy were performed after stent implantation. Our results showed at 14 days after stent implantation, the neointima area and percent area stenosis in ENDs and CD34s were remarkably decreased compared with those in BMSs and SESs (P<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of reendothelialization was significantly higher in ENDs and CD34s than that in SESs or BMSs at both 7 and 14 days (P<0.05). There was no difference in the neointima area, percent area stenosis, and percentage of reendothelialization in ENDs compared with CD34s. The artery injury and the inflammation scores were similar in all groups at both 7 and 14 days. Our results demonstrate that the performance of ENDs is similar to the commercial CD34s, without the disadvantages of CD34s, and both are better than SESs and BMSs. ENDs potentially offer an alternative approach to reduce restenotic process and enhance reendothelialization after stent implantation.
Consumption of both resistant starch and beta-glucan improves postprandial plasma glucose and insulin in women.

OBJECTIVE Consumption of a meal high in resistant starch or soluble fiber (beta-glucan) decreases peak insulin and glucose concentrations and areas under the curve (AUCs). The objective was to determine whether the effects of soluble fiber and resistant starch on glycemic variables are additive. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten normal-weight (43.5 years of age, BMI 22.0 kg/m2) and 10 overweight women (43.3 years of age, BMI 30.4 kg/m2) consumed 10 tolerance meals in a Latin square design. Meals (1 g carbohydrate/kg body wt) were glucose alone or muffins made with different levels of soluble fiber (0.26, 0.68, or 2.3 g beta-glucan/100 g muffin) and three levels of resistant starch (0.71, 2.57, or 5.06 g/100 g muffin). RESULTS Overweight subjects had plasma insulin concentrations higher than those of normal-weight subjects but maintained similar plasma glucose levels. Compared with low beta-glucan-low resistant starch muffins, glucose and insulin AUC decreased when beta-glucan (17 and 33%, respectively) or resistant starch (24 and 38%, respectively) content was increased. The greatest AUC reduction occurred after meals containing both high beta-glucan-high resistant starch (33 and 59% lower AUC for glucose and insulin, respectively). Overweight women were somewhat more insulin resistant than control women. CONCLUSIONS Soluble fiber appears to have a greater effect on postprandial insulin response while glucose reduction is greater after resistant starch from high-amylose cornstarch. The reduction in glycemic response was enhanced by combining resistant starch and soluble fiber. Consumption of foods containing moderate amounts of these fibers may improve glucose metabolism in both normal and overweight women.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Injections of Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid in The Treatment of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis Symptomse

Background: Osteoarthritis is one of the most common degenerative disorders of cartilage in old age the treatment and prevention of which poses a tremendous challenge. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of hyaluronic acid and corticosteroids in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 34patients with knee osteoarthritis were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In this study hyaluronic acid was administrated at a dose of 20mg per 2ml (3 infusions every 2 weeks) and triamcinolone acetate was administrated at a dose of 40mg per 1cc and 1cc of lidocaine (1injection). Pain, joint stiffness, movement restriction and grad of osteoarthritis were compared in the two groups. Results: The results showed that hyaluronic acid relieved movement restriction (41.58 to 28.35) (PV = 0.001) and corticosteroids reduced pain (14.52 to 12.52) (PV = 0/011) in patients Conclusion: The results suggested the effect of hyaluronic acid on reducing restriction of movement and corticosteroids on pain relief in patients.
Dyslipidemia, obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors in the adult population in Senegal

Introduction According to the WHO, 50% of deaths worldwide (40.1% in developing countries) are due to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Of these chronic NCDs, cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. The Framingham study has shown the importance of hypercholesterolemia as a primary risk factor. In Senegal, the epidemiology of dyslipidemia and obesity are still poorly understood due to the lack of comprehensive studies on their impact on the general population. This motivated this study to look into the key epidemiologic and socio-demographic determinants of these risk factors. Methods It was a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological survey which included 1037 individuals selected by cluster sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire following the WHO STEPwise approach. Socio-demographic, health and biomedical variables were collected. P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The average age was 48 years with a female predominance (M: F of 0.6). The literacy rate was 65.2% and 44.7% of participants were from rural areas. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hyperLDLemia, hypoHDLemia, hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia were 56%, 22.5%, 12.4%, 7.11% and 1.9% respectively. One in four was obese (BMI> 30kg/m2) and 34.8% had abdominal obesity. The main factors significantly associated with dyslipidemia were obesity, urban dwelling, physical inactivity and a family history of dyslipidemia. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia, obesity and other risk factors in the population was high needing immediate care for those affected and implementation of prevention strategies.
Relational coordination promotes quality of chronic care delivery in Dutch disease-management programs.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that relational coordination is positively associated with the delivery of hospital care, acute care, emergency care, trauma care, and nursing home care. The effect of relational coordination in primary care settings, such as disease-management programs, remains unknown. PURPOSE This study examined relational coordination between general practitioners and other professionals in disease-management programs and assessed the impact of relational coordination on the delivery of chronic illness care. METHODOLOGY Professionals (n = 188; response rate = 57%) in 19 disease-management programs located throughout the Netherlands completed surveys that assessed relational coordination and chronic care delivery. We used a cross-sectional study design. FINDINGS Our study demonstrated that the delivery of chronic illness care was positively related to relational coordination. We found positive relationships with community linkages (r = .210, p < .01), self-management support (r = .217, p < .01), decision support (r = .190, p < .01), delivery system design (r = .278, p < .001), and clinical information systems (r = .193, p < .01). Organization of the health delivery system was not significantly related to relational coordination. The regression analyses showed that even after controlling for all background variables, relational coordination still significantly affected chronic care delivery (β = .212, p ≤ .01). As expected, our findings showed a lower degree of relational coordination among general practitioners than between general practitioners and other core disease-management team members: practice nurses (M = 2.69 vs. 3.73; p < .001), dieticians (M = 2.69 vs. 3.07; p < .01), physical therapists (M = 2.69 vs. 3.06; p < .01), medical specialists (M = 2.69 vs. 3.16; p < .01), and nurse practitioners (M = 2.69 vs. 3.19; p < .001). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The enhancement of relational coordination among core disease-management professionals with different disciplines is expected to improve chronic illness care delivery.
Effects of models of rate evolution on estimation of divergence dates with special reference to the metazoan 18S ribosomal RNA phylogeny.

The molecular clock, i.e., constancy of the rate of evolution over time, is commonly assumed in estimating divergence dates. However, this assumption is often violated and has drastic effects on date estimation. Recently, a number of attempts have been made to relax the clock assumption. One approach is to use maximum likelihood, which assigns rates to branches and allows the estimation of both rates and times. An alternative is the Bayes approach, which models the change of the rate over time. A number of models of rate change have been proposed. We have extended and evaluated models of rate evolution, i.e., the lognormal and its recent variant, along with the gamma, the exponential, and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. These models were first applied to a small hominoid data set, where an empirical Bayes approach was used to estimate the hyperparameters that measure the amount of rate variation. Estimation of divergence times was sensitive to these hyperparameters, especially when the assumed model is close to the clock assumption. The rate and date estimates varied little from model to model, although the posterior Bayes factor indicated the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process outperformed the other models. To demonstrate the importance of allowing for rate change across lineages, this general approach was used to analyze a larger data set consisting of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene of 39 metazoan species. We obtained date estimates consistent with paleontological records, the deepest split within the group being about 560 million years ago. Estimates of the rates were in accordance with the Cambrian explosion hypothesis and suggested some more recent lineage-specific bursts of evolution.
Consumers’ Perception of Mobile Internet in Australia

Mobile Internet, which refers to the use of the Internet via a handheld device (such as mobile phone or PDA), has received much attention in various countries. At this stage, little is known why this technology has been used widely in some countries such as Japan and Korea, and has not been so in other countries. To enrich the existing studies in this context, which are currently limited, this paper explores the Australian consumer’s perception of mobile Internet in order to identify some factors that may foster or hinder its use. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is employed to provide the theoretical foundation for this study. Based on the empirical data collected from a survey, the findings demonstrate the importance of functionality (usefulness), an easy-to-use interface, and social networks as critical influences on both intention to use and the extent of usage of mobile Internet in Australia.