Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Study Evaluating Cardiorespiratory Fitness of College Youth Using Ruffier Dickson Test

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) strike Indians a decade earlier than the Western population and college youth are not exempted. Despite having an extensive understanding of physical exercise and its benefits, Physiotherapy students are less active than they were before attending graduate school. CVD shows an inverse relationship with Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The Submaximal Ruffier Dickson Test (RDT) is used here to evaluate CRF of apparently healthy college youth. AIM: To evaluate the Cardiorespiratory fitness of college youth using the Ruffier-Dickson test. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was done on 70 participants between the age group of 18-23 years. The RDT was performed by all participants and the Ruffier Dickson Index of cardiorespiratory endurance was calculated. RESULT: Out of 70 participants, 55 were able to complete the test. The result shows that 43.6% of participants (n=24) were having Average Endurance (RI 6 to 9), 34.5% (n=19) were having Reasonably Good Endurance (RI 3 to 6), 9% (n=5) were having Very Good Endurance (RI 0 to 3), 7.2% (n=4) were having Moderate Endurance (RI 9 to 12), 5.5% (n=3) were having Poor Endurance (RI 12 to 15), and 0% were having RI value less than 0 and >15 which indicates Excellent Endurance and Very Poor Endurance respectively. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the participants fall into the ‘Average Endurance’ category of the Ruffier Dickson Index. So, the central focus here is to raise awareness about the need to assess CRF in Youth and predict current and future health in otherwise healthy youth. Key words: Cardiorespiratory Fitness, College Students, Ruffier Dickson Test, Ruffier Index.
Fate of Abstracts Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Korean Urological Association

Purpose The acceptance rate for journal publication of the abstracts presented at the annual Korean Urological Association (KUA) meeting, the time to publication, and the effect of abstract characteristics on the publication pattern were analyzed and compared with data for abstracts from other major urological meetings. Materials and Methods A total of 1,005 abstracts listed in the abstract books of the 2006 (58th) and 2007 (59th) annual KUA meetings were analyzed, and their subsequent publication as listed in PubMed or KoreaMed between August 2006 and August 2011 was evaluated. Results A total of 41.59% of abstracts were published as full-length reports. Abstracts on sexual dysfunction, neurourology, prostate cancer, basic research, and benign prostatic hyperplasia showed the highest publication rates (54%, 52.27%, 48%, 47.56%, and 45%, respectively). It took 19.01±12.83 months on average for abstracts to be published in a journal, whereas it took 25.24±14.64 months and 17.51±11.89 months for publication in foreign and Korean journals, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions Approximately 40% of studies presented as abstracts at the KUA meeting are subsequently published as full-length articles. The KJU is the most targeted journal. The mean time to publication is 1.5 years, and publication seems to be influenced by the study subject.
Detecting and Quantifying Mind Wandering during Simulated Driving

Mind wandering is a pervasive threat to transportation safety, potentially accounting for a substantial number of crashes and fatalities. In the current study, mind wandering was induced through completion of the same task for 5 days, consisting of a 20-min monotonous freeway-driving scenario, a cognitive depletion task, and a repetition of the 20-min driving scenario driven in the reverse direction. Participants were periodically probed with auditory tones to self-report whether they were mind wandering or focused on the driving task. Self-reported mind wandering frequency was high, and did not statistically change over days of participation. For measures of driving performance, participant labeled periods of mind wandering were associated with reduced speed and reduced lane variability, in comparison to periods of on task performance. For measures of electrophysiology, periods of mind wandering were associated with increased power in the alpha band of the electroencephalogram (EEG), as well as a reduction in the magnitude of the P3a component of the event related potential (ERP) in response to the auditory probe. Results support that mind wandering has an impact on driving performance and the associated change in driver’s attentional state is detectable in underlying brain physiology. Further, results suggest that detecting the internal cognitive state of humans is possible in a continuous task such as automobile driving. Identifying periods of likely mind wandering could serve as a useful research tool for assessment of driver attention, and could potentially lead to future in-vehicle safety countermeasures.
Role of Serotonin in MODS: Deficiency of Serotonin Protects Against Zymosan-Induced Multiple Organ Failure in Mice.

To the Editor: I read with great interest the recently published article by Zhang et al. (1) in Shock, where it was shown that increased peripheral serotonin (5-HT) can exacerbate zymosaninduced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in mice, whereas lack of 5-HT can attenuate the syndrome, suggesting that interventions that increase the levels of 5-HT may aggravate conditions associated with MODS. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is defined as the progressive deterioration of organ function that occurs in several organs or systems in patients with septic shock, multiple trauma, severe burns, or pancreatitis, who require immediate medical intervention to achieve homeostasis (2). The mechanisms of MODS have been partly elaborated, and MODS is now generally believed to be the result of a progressive inflammatory response. Serotonin is a small monoamine molecule that is primarily known for its role as a neurotransmitter. Moreover, in addition to its major role in the central nervous system, it has been shown that 5-HT can serve as an important inflammatory mediator in the peripheral immune system playing an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation by accelerating its burst (3), which is in accordance with the experimental findings of Zhang et al. (1). Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antimicrobial and antiparasitic medication, commonly prescribed to hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms, particularly anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Our laboratory team was the first to show that metronidazole produces a tremendous increase in the levels of brain 5-HT in Wistar rats, possibly through inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (4), which catabolizes both central and peripheral 5-HT. Based on these results, we highlighted the possibility of a ‘‘serotonin syndrome’’ brought about by the use of metronidazole either as a monotherapy or in combination with other serotonergic agents (5). Serotonergic agents are not regularly prescribed in the intensive care units. However, this is not the case with metronidazole, which is quite commonly used in the setting of the intensive care unit mainly as part of a multidrug regimen for the treatment of polymicrobial infections. Likewise, it is possible that a number of MODS patients might receive metronidazole. Given the fact that metronidazole is a ‘‘serotonergic’’ agent and based on the results of Zhang et al. (1), we could hypothesize that metronidazole might aggravate MODS by increasing the levels of 5-HT. In conclusion, we suggest that basic research efforts in animal models of MODS should be undertaken in order to better clarify any possible implication of metronidazole in the aggravation of MODS. In the meantime, intensivists should be aware and remain alert to this theoretical possibility of MODS aggravation by the use of metronidazole, publishing any suspicious case so that the information will be widely disseminated throughout the scientific community.
Health and the 2008 Economic Recession: Evidence from the United Kingdom

Introduction The economic recession which began in 2008 has resulted in a substantial increase in unemployment across many countries, including the United Kingdom. Strong association between unemployment and poor health status among individuals is widely recognised. We investigated whether the prevalence of poor health at a population level increased concurrent to the rise in unemployment during the economic recession, and whether the impact on health varied by geographical and socioeconomic circumstances. Method Health, demographic and socioeconomic measures on 1.36 million survey responses aged 16–64 were extracted from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey of the United Kingdom, collected every three months, from January 2006 to December 2010. The likelihood of self-reporting poor health status and specific types of health problems (depression, mental illness, cardiovascular and respiratory) across time were estimated separately using logistic regression. Explanatory variables included economic status (International Labour Organization definition), occupational class, age, gender, country of birth, ethnicity, educational qualifications, couple status, household tenure, number of dependents, and geographical region. Results Unemployment (age-gender adjusted) rose from 4.5% in January 2008 to 7.1% by September 2009. The reporting of poor health status increased from 25.7% in July 2009 to 29.5% by December 2010. Similar increases were found for cardiovascular and respiratory health problems; not depression or mental illness. The prevalence of poor health status among the unemployed decreased from 28.8% in July 2008, to 24.9% by March 2009; but this was followed by an increase in poor health experienced across all regions and by all socioeconomic groups, including those who remained employed, regardless of their occupational class. Interpretation Although our study found no exacerbation of pre-recession health inequalities, the rise in poor health status not only for the unemployed, but also among people who remained employed, regardless of their occupational class, justifies concern voiced among many public health commentators.
Quantitative Proteomics Reveal That CB2R Agonist JWH-133 Downregulates NF-κB Activation, Oxidative Stress, and Lysosomal Exocytosis from HIV-Infected Macrophages

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect 15–55% of HIV-positive patients and effective therapies are unavailable. HIV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) invade the brain of these individuals, promoting neurotoxicity. We demonstrated an increased expression of cathepsin B (CATB), a lysosomal protease, in monocytes and post-mortem brain tissues of women with HAND. Increased CATB release from HIV-infected MDM leads to neurotoxicity, and their secretion is associated with NF-κB activation, oxidative stress, and lysosomal exocytosis. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) agonist, JWH-133, decreases HIV-1 replication, CATB secretion, and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected MDM, but the mechanisms are not entirely understood. We hypothesized that HIV-1 infection upregulates the expression of proteins associated with oxidative stress and that a CB2R agonist could reverse these effects. MDM were isolated from healthy women donors (n = 3), infected with HIV-1ADA, and treated with JWH-133. After 13 days post-infection, cell lysates were labeled by Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) and analyzed by LC/MS/MS quantitative proteomics bioinformatics. While HIV-1 infection upregulated CATB, NF-κB signaling, Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response, and lysosomal exocytosis, JWH-133 treatment downregulated the expression of the proteins involved in these pathways. Our results suggest that JWH-133 is a potential alternative therapy against HIV-induced neurotoxicity and warrant in vivo studies to test its potential against HAND.
Early detachment of colon carcinoma cells during CD95(APO-1/Fas)- mediated apoptosis. I. De-adhesion from hyaluronate by shedding of CD44

Ligation of CD95 (APO-1/Fas) cell surface receptors induces death in apoptosis-sensitive cells. Induction of apoptosis in adherent gamma interferon-stimulated HT-29 and COLO 205 colon carcinoma cells by cross- linking CD95 with anti-APO-1 monoclonal antibody resulted in detachment of the cells from hyaluronate starting about 1 h after antibody exposure. Loss of adhesion was paralleled by a substantial reduction of the multifunctional cell surface adhesion molecule CD44. As evidenced by cycloheximide treatment, this effect was not caused by impaired protein synthesis. Depletion of surface CD44 was also not due to membrane blebbing, since cytochalasin B failed to inhibit ascension from hyaluronate. Instead, ELISA and time kinetics showed increasing amounts of soluble CD44 in the supernatant of CD95-triggered cells. SDS- PAGE revealed that soluble CD44 had an apparent molecular mass of about 20 kD less than CD44 immunoprecipitated from intact cells. Thus, CD95- triggering induced shedding of CD44. Shedding is a novel mechanism operative in early steps of CD95-mediated apoptosis. Shedding surface molecules like CD44 might contribute to the active disintegration of dying epithelial cells in vivo.
Exploring the characteristics of innovation alliances of Dutch Biotechnology SMEs and their policy implications

Policy makers are becoming increasingly aware of the fact that R&D intensive SMEs play a pivotal role in providing sustainable economic growth by maintaining a high rate of innovation. To compensate for their financial vulnerability, these SMEs increasingly conduct innovation in alliances. This paper aims to explore the impact of different alliance characteristics on the performance of Dutch biotechnology SMEs. The conceptual model was tested using a sample of 18 biotech SMEs reporting about 40 alliances. The main findings indicate that alliance performance is positively related to the level of complementarity, the cognitive distance and tacit knowledge transfer by the human resources exchanges. Policy makers are recommended to support innovation alliances by providing the infrastructure in which alliances can flourish, e.g. through stimulating the foundation of cluster organizations that can function as innovation brokers. These cluster organizations can provide network formation, demand articulation, internationalization and innovation process support to their member companies and can act as a go-between among alliance partners. As part of the innovation process support activities, they can organize special workshops for biotech SMEs on how to successfully behave in an innovation alliance.
EDGE IRREGULAR REFLEXIVE LABELING ON LOBSTER GRAPH

Let $G$ be a lobster graph that have three layer of vertices where each layer is connected to each other. The total labeling of the graph is called an edge irregular reflexive $k$-labeling if the total weight of two incident vertices and the edge that joins it is different for all possible edges on the graph. In this paper, we will further discuss the minimum number of $k$ for this kind of labeling on lobster graph. In particular, we determine the exact value of the reflexive edge strength of lobster graph. To help illustrate it, we use Python code to generate the label for the graph.
Automatic syllabification for danish text-to-speech systems

In this paper, a rule-based automatic syllabifier for Danish is described using the Maximal Onset Principle. Prior success rates of rule-based methods applied to Portuguese and Catalan syllabification modules were on the basis of this work. The system was implemented and tested using a very small set of rules. The results gave rise to 96.9% and 98.7% of word accuracy rate, contrary to our initial expectations, being Danish a language with a complex syllabic structure and thus difficult to be rule-driven. Comparison with data-driven syllabification system using artificial neural networks showed a higher accuracy rate of the former system. Index Terms: automatic syllabification, rule-based techniques, artificial neural networks, text-to-speech
Intention and Effect of IS Solutions: Does Risk Management Stifle Creativity?

This paper considers the impact of information systems (IS) solutions on creativity and innovation within organizations and the associated role of risk assessment. It does this through an analysis of the results of two diverse studies. The studies are, respectively, an investigation of the relationship between the intention behind the initiation of an IS project and the post-implementation effect of the system on the organization; and an analysis of tensions that appear to exist between creativity and the norm of software systems. Both studies are empirically based, but take data from very distinct and diverse areas, i.e. large financial and manufacturing organizations, and composers of electroacoustic music, respectively. The final part of the paper argues that better IS project management and risk management in particular has the potential for reducing divergence between intended and actual IS project outcomes evident in the first study, but this may also have adverse effects. Organizations in all walks of life rely on the creativity and innovation of their employees, but risk management is concerned with applying constraints on the nature and implementation of IS solutions. Specifically, results from the second study suggest that conservative IS solutions that may result from rigorous risk management may impede creative activities. Thus, the paper identifies a need for further research into creativity and its implications for IS solutions and their management.
Detection of Pathogenic Serogroups and Virulence Genes in Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Beef and Beef Products Retailed in Gauteng Province, South Africa, Using Phenotypic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Methods

South Africa recently (2017-18) experienced the largest outbreak of human listeriosis in the world caused by L. monocytogenes following the consumption of “polony,” a ready-to-eat meat product. Most (59%) cases originated from Gauteng province, South Africa. As a follow-up study to the outbreak, we used standard bacteriological and molecular methods to determine the prevalence of pathogenic and virulent serogroups of L. monocytogenes in various beef and beef products retailed in Gauteng province, South Africa. The overall prevalence of Listeria spp. was 28% (112/400), comprising Listeria monocytogenes (9.3%), Listeria innocua (16.3%), and Listeria welshimeri (2.5%) (p < 0.001). It is crucial to have detected that the region (p=0.036), type of product (p=0.032), and temperature at storage (p=0.011) significantly affected the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in beef products. It is alarming that pathogenic serogroups 4b-4d-4e (51.4%) and 1/2a-3a (43.2%) were detected among the isolates of L. monocytogenes. Importantly, they were all carriers of seven virulence-associated genes (hlyA, inlB, plcA, iap, inlA, inlC, and inlJ). Our study also demonstrated that 16.7% of “polony” samples investigated were contaminated with L. monocytogenes. Considering that pathogenic and virulent L. monocytogenes contaminated beef and beef products retailed in South Africa, the food safety risk posed to consumers remains and cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce the contamination of these products with L. monocytogenes during beef production, processing, and retailing to avoid future outbreaks of human listeriosis in the country.
Galaxy populations in massive galaxy clusters to z = 1.1: colour distribution, concentration, halo occupation number and red sequence fraction

We study the galaxy populations in 74 Sunyaev Zeldovich Effect (SZE) selected clusters from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey that have been imaged in the science verification phase of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The sample extends up to z ˜ 1.1 with 4 × 1014Ms <= M200 <= 3 × 1015Ms. Using the band containing the 4000 A break and its redward neighbor, we study the color-magnitude distributions of cluster galaxies to ˜m* + 2, finding: (1) the intrinsic rest frame g - r color width of the red sequence (RS) population is ˜0.03 out to z ˜ 0.85 with a preference for an increase to ˜0.07 at z = 1 and (2) the prominence of the RS declines beyond z ˜ 0.6. The spatial distribution of cluster galaxies is well described by the NFW profile out to 4R200 with a concentration of cg = 3.59^{+0.20}_{-0.18}, 5.37^{+0.27}_{-0.24} and 1.38^{+0.21}_{-0.19} for the full, the RS and the blue non-RS populations, respectively, but with ˜40% to 55% cluster to cluster variation and no statistically significant redshift or mass trends. The number of galaxies within the virial region N200 exhibits a mass trend indicating that the number of galaxies per unit total mass is lower in the most massive clusters, and shows no significant redshift trend. The red sequence (RS) fraction within R200 is (68 ± 3)% at z = 0.46, varies from ˜55% at z = 1 to ˜80% at z = 0.1, and exhibits intrinsic variation among clusters of ˜14%. We discuss a model that suggests the observed redshift trend in RS fraction favors a transformation timescale for infalling field galaxies to become RS galaxies of 2 to 3 Gyr.
Sensory Attributes and Phytochemical Composition in Microgreens: Implications for Acceptability Among School Students in Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract. Microgreens, the young seedlings of edible plants, have gained attention for their potential health benefits and culinary applications. This newly emerging functional food crop has the potential to sustainably diversify global food systems, facilitate urbanization and climate change responses, and advance human health. However, their reception among school students remains an understudied area, particularly in the Malaysian context. In this study, five microgreens species including ulam raja, red amaranth, red radish, daikon, and corn were evaluated for their sensory perception and acceptability among secondary school students in Selangor, and their phytochemical compositions. Among the evaluated species, corn exhibited the highest intensity of sweetness, ulam raja demonstrated a strong aroma and bitterness, while red radish was notable for its astringency and heat. Red amaranth had the highest intensity of grassy taste, and all five microgreens had a low score for sourness. Corn had the highest rating on acceptability of flavor and overall eating quality, signifying its favorable impression among students. Conversely, red radish and ulam raja received the lowest acceptability scores in both categories. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity was exhibited in ulam raja. These findings suggest the potential to leverage corn’s favorable acceptability to introduce microgreens into student diets. In general, this study highlights the correlation between sensory attributes and phytochemical composition, both influencing the Malaysian students’ perceptions of microgreens. By understanding their preferences, educators, policymakers, and entrepreneurs can formulate effective strategies for healthier eating habits among the youth and develop successful commercialization strategies. Keywords: flavor, food systems, healthy diet, microgreens, student acceptance