Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of emotional intelligence in the criminal activity of young people involved with the Leeds Youth Offending Service

Youth justice has undergone significant changes over the past fifteen years; central to this has been the prevention of offending through an actuarial risk-based model. However, the identification of risk factors largely ignored the growing area of emotional intelligence (EI). The purpose of this thesis was to identify whether young people’s EI was linked with their different aspects of their offending. The Mayer and Salovey four branch ability model of EI was adopted, assessed through the Adolescent Swinburne University Emotional Intelligence Test (ASUEIT) - a self-report questionnaire based on this model. For this study, the ASUEIT was used with 100 young people receiving Supervision Orders, supervised by Leeds Youth Offending Service. Thirteen of them were interviewed to gain further insight into their emotions, and check the reliability and validity of the ASUEIT for young offenders. The interviewees selected were: (i) the top and bottom decile of ASUEIT scores, (ii) those in local authority care, and (iii) those first convicted age 12 or below. The ASUEIT results raised questions and concerns, as it did not appear to assess EI with this sample in a robust or consistent way. Reasons for this were explored, and the dataset improved by negating the reverse-scoring on reverse-scored questions, producing acceptable alpha scores. These data were analysed for correlations of EI with offending patterns, and with previously identified risk factors. Some branches from the model showed negative correlations with identified risk factors, for example having offending family members and not attending mainstream school. However, principal components analysis revealed a simpler three branch model, requiring a shorter questionnaire, which could be tested in future research. Links found within the dataset suggest EI to be a valuable area for youth justice interventions to explore further, especially EI scores seemed predictive of further offending, when linked with seriousness.
The stellar mass fraction and baryon content of galaxy clusters and groups

The analysis of a sample of 52 clusters with precise and hypothesis-parsimonious measurements of mass, derived from caustics based on about 208 member velocities per cluster on average, shows that low-mass clusters and groups are not simple scaled-down versions of their massive cousins in terms of stellar content: lighter clusters have more stars per unit cluster mass. The same analysis also shows that the stellar content of clusters and groups displays an intrinsic spread at a given cluster mass, i.e. clusters are not similar to each other in the amount of stars they contain, not even at a fixed cluster mass. The stellar mass fraction depends on halo mass with (logarithmic) slope −0.55 ± 0.08 and with 0.15 ± 0.02 dex of intrinsic scatter at a fixed cluster mass. These results are confirmed by adopting masses derived from velocity dispersion. The intrinsic scatter at a fixed cluster mass we determine for gas mass fractions taken from literature is smaller, 0.06 ± 0.01 dex. The intrinsic scatter in both the stellar and gas mass fractions is a distinctive signature that individual regions from which clusters and groups collected matter, a few tens of Mpc wide, are not yet representative of the mean gas and baryon content of the Universe. The observed stellar mass fraction values are in marked disagreement with gasdynamics simulations with cooling and star formation of clusters and groups. Instead, the amplitude and cluster mass dependency of observed stellar mass fractions are those required not to need any active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback to describe gas and stellar mass fractions and X-ray scale relations in simple semi-analytic cluster models. By adding stellar and gas masses and accounting for the intrinsic variance of both quantities, we found that the baryon fraction is fairly constant for clusters and groups with masses between
Effect of allopurinol on oxidative stress and hypoxic adaptation response during surgical correction of tetralogy of fallot.

AIM to analyze the role of allopurinol in reducing the ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to confirm the HIF-1 binding activity changes during the surgical correction of tetralogy of fallot (TF). METHODS randomized, double-blind experimental study on patients undergoing surgical correction of TF in the Integrated Cardiovascular Services, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from September 2009-May 2010. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was given 10 mg/kg body weight of allopurinol 3 times before undergoing operation (n=13) and the other group was given placebo (n=13). Tissue specimen from right ventricular muscle were taken for measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression and blood specimens from intra-coronary sinus for measurement of TNF-, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). RESULTS cardiomyocytes expressing ROS in placebo group increased (41.37±29.29%; 42.61±22.82% and 53.81±25.76%), while in allopurinol group decreased (44.68±19.79%, 56.87±15.50%, and 47.98±22.52%). Concentration of TNF- tend to decrease in allopurinol group, while it tended to increase in the placebo goup. Concentration of SOD increased in the allopurinol group, while in the placebo group there were no significant changes. Concentration of MDA was highly increased in the placebo group (1.75 pmol/mg; 2.37 pmol/mg; 2.72 pmol/mg; 4.82 pmol/mg), but statistically it was not significant. On the other hand, there was no significant change of MDA concentration in the allopurinol group. Expression of HIF-1 in TF patients decreased significantly (p=0.026) from pre ischemic phase to ischemic phase, but it increased in the reperfusion phase (0.95 OD/mg protein, 0.52 OD/mg protein, 0.9 OD/mg protein). CONCLUSION pre-surgical oral allopurinol treatment reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury during TF surgical correction, as indicated by the decrease in the number of cardiomyocytes expressing ROS, reducing TNF-, SOD, and MDA concentration in blood. There was a decrease in HIF-1 concentration in cardiomyocytes of the right ventricle during ischemic phase.
Tracing Fairness Intentions: Chinese Whisper

The paper aims at defining the role of intentions for reciprocity. The ultimatum game is modified, by adding a kind of randomizer (“Chinese Whisper”), to generate outcomes which are not intended und thus to separate the proposers’ initial intentions from their actual offers. The mechanism ensures that the responder reacts to changing intentions and not to changing outcomes. This experimental approach also has the advantage that the number of available options for the proposer is not limited. Our evidence supports the view that fairness theory should explicitly address intentions – responders exhibit different acceptance rates depending on the intentions of proposers.
A Gendered Perspective on Organizational Creation

Literature on the creation of organizations is often cast within a masculine gender framework. This paper draws from three theoretical perspectives to develop a new perspective that broadens the view of organizational creation by encompassing the relative balance of feminine and masculine perspectives in the entrepreneur's venture start-up process and new venture attributes. We elaborate the relatively less visible feminine and personal perspective and compare this with the traditional or masculine perspective. Important to the discussion is the distinction between biology (sex: male and female, man and woman) and socialized perspectives (gender: masculine and feminine). While research and the general public often use the concept of gender loosely to signify sex, we follow a more precise feminist distinction. The paper advances new concepts of gender-maturity (an individual difference) and gender-balance (an organizational quality).
How Much Is Enough? Examining the Public's Beliefs About Consumption

Relatively little public opinion research has explored beliefs about consumption. This lack of research is surprising given the increasing attention paid by many commentators to the relationship between consumption and ecological sustainability. Reporting on data collected from a series of five statewide surveys of Oregonians conducted between 2008 and 2009, we find that a strong majority (74–88%) of the Oregon public supports reducing consumption and believes doing so would improve societal and individual well-being. These findings appear to challenge conventional wisdom about our collective and never-ending need for consumption of material goods. Our results reveal broad agreement on the consumption issue across traditional ideological divides. We also conducted in-depth qualitative interviews, which allowed us to explore what “consumption” means to Oregonians and why people think our country would be better off if we reduced consumption. Our findings suggest that populist attitudes toward reducing consumption may fill a role that policymakers avoid for a variety of reasons. We discuss the relevance of consumption beliefs to public policy aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as directions for future research.
“Who I Am Depends on How Fairly I'm Treated”: Effects of Justice on Self‐Identity and Regulatory Focus

Across 2 experiments, we examined motivational processes elicited by justice-related experiences. Specifically, we examined the effects of justice on recipients’ self-identity and regulatory focus. As predicted, those who experienced unfairness had a strong individual identity and prevention focus owing to the threats of social rejection and economic exploitation communicated by unfairness. Conversely, individuals exposed to fairness had strong interdependent identities and promotion focus owing to the favorable economic and socioemotional information communicated by fairness. These effects were accentuated among participants who reported high sensitivity to injustice and internal loci of control. Our findings are important because they highlight causal associations between justice and key motivation constructs. jasp_691 3020.3058
The Yanomami Indians in the INTERSALT Study.

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution and interrelationship among constitutional and biochemical variables with blood pressure (BP) in an population of Yanomami indians. To compare these findings with those of other populations. METHODS The Yanomami indians were part of the INTERSALT, a study comprising 10,079 males and females, aged from 20 to 59 years, belonging to 52 populations in 32 countries in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe. Each of the 52 centers was required to accrue 200 individuals, 25 participants in each age group. The variables analyzed were as follows: age, sex, arterial BP, urinary sodium and potassium excretion (24-hour urine), body mass index, and alcohol ingestion. RESULTS The findings in the Yanomami population were as follows: a very low urinary sodium excretion (0.9 mmol/24 h); mean systolic and diastolic BP levels of 95.4 mmHg and 61.4 mmHg, respectively; no cases of hypertension or obesity; and they have no knowledge of alcoholic beverages. Their BP levels do not elevate with age. The urinary sodium excretion relates positively and the urinary potassium excretion relates negatively to systolic BP. This correlation was maintained even when controlled for age and body mass index. CONCLUSION A positive relation between salt intake and blood pressure was detected in the analysis of a set of diverse populations participating in the INTERSALT Study, including populations such as the Yanomami Indians. The qualitative observation of their lifestyle provided additional information.
A neuro-SVM model for text classification using latent semantic indexing

This paper presents a new model integrating a recurrent neural network (RNN) and a least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) for classification of document titles according to different predetermined categories. The new model proposed in this paper is abbreviated as neuro-SVM. Based on the neuro-SVM model, a system is implemented, using latent semantic indexing (LSI) to generate probabilistic coefficients from document titles, which are used as the input to the system. The system's performance is demonstrated with a corpus of 96956 words, from University of Denver's Penrose library catalogue and the accuracy rate of the proposed system is found to be 99.66%.
Treatment of Cancer Pain by Targeting Cytokines

Inflammation is one of the most important causes of the majority of cancer symptoms, including pain, fatigue, cachexia, and anorexia. Cancer pain affects 17 million people worldwide and can be caused by different mediators which act in primary efferent neurons directly or indirectly. Cytokines can be aberrantly produced by cancer and immune system cells and are of particular relevance in pain. Currently, there are very few strategies to control the release of cytokines that seems to be related to cancer pain. Nevertheless, in some cases, targeted drugs are available and in use for other diseases. In this paper, we aim to review the importance of cytokines in cancer pain and targeted strategies that can have an impact on controlling this symptom.
Predictors of Engagement in Court-Mandated Treatment

Abstract Past research indicates that more time in treatment yields better post-treatment outcomes, with 90 days of treatment often identified as a minimum threshold for achieving positive results, thus making it important to identify factors that predict meaningful engagement in treatment and to devise policies to assist subgroups facing a high risk of dropping out. Although a literature currently exists on voluntary treatment programs, fewer studies examine dynamics specific to court-mandated programs such as drug courts. Those programs use legal coercion applied via the threat of incarceration, coupled with ongoing court supervision, to motivate participants to succeed. Results were analyzed at the Brooklyn Treatment Court. Analyses looked at retention for at least 90 days of treatment, and engagement, defined as completing four consecutive months of drug-free and sanction-less participation. Multivariate analyses revealed that the level of legal coercion measured by expected incarceration time in the event of program failure, strongly predicted both retention and engagement. Also predictive was the legal/emotional coercion faced by participants who indicated at intake that they had a pending Family Court case whose outcome might hinge on the drug court outcome. Participation during the 30-day period immediately following program entry was as important as coercion. Warranting or failing to begin treatment within 30 days of formal entry strongly predicted dropping out. The following additional characteristics predicted dropping out: younger, primary drug of heroin, prior misdemeanor conviction(s), and residence in a neighborhood characterized by greater social isolation. Policy implications of all findings are discussed.
Utility of the sperm chromatin structure assay as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in the human fertility clinic.

The sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) was used to measure over 500 human semen samples from two independent studies: Study I, 402 samples from 165 presumably fertile couples wishing to achieve pregnancy over 12 menstrual cycles; Study II, samples from 115 patients seeking fertility counselling. The SCSA measures susceptibility to DNA denaturation in situ in spermatozoa exposed to acid for 30 s, followed by acridine orange staining. SCSA data from the male partners of 73 couples (group 1) achieving pregnancy during months 1-3 of Study I were used as the standard of 'sperm chromatin compatible with high fertility' and were significantly different from those of 40 couples (group 3) achieving pregnancy in months 4-12 (P < 0.01) and those of male partners of 31 couples (group 4) not achieving pregnancy (P < 0.001). Group 2 contained couples who had a miscarriage. SCSA values for Study II were almost twice that of the Study I fertility standards. Within-couple repeatability tended to be less for group 3 than for groups 1, 2 or 4. Based on logistic regression, spermatozoa with denatured DNA (cells outside the main population, COMP alpha t) were the best predictor for whether a couple would not achieve pregnancy. Some 84% of males in group 1 had COMP alpha t < 15%, while no couples achieved pregnancy in group 1 with > or = 30% COMP alpha t, a threshold level considered not compatible with good fertility. Using selected cut-off values for chromatin integrity, the SCSA data predicted seven of 18 miscarriages (39%).
“Non-Hydrogen-Transport” Characteristics of Dynamic Negative-Bias Temperature Instability

It has been proposed that negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) is driven by interface-state generation, rate limited by hydrogen transport. In this letter, we examine dynamic NBTI characteristics and present evidence which does not conform to a hydrogen-transport model. It is observed that the amount of recovery of the threshold voltage shift |ΔVt| remains constant, independent of the number of stress/recovery (SR) cycles. This behavior is inconsistent with the hydrogen-transport model, which stipulates that the amount of |ΔVt| recovery should decrease with increase in the number of SR cycles. Results show that dynamic NBTI is made up of a symmetric "switching hole-trap" mechanism superimposed on a background of relatively permanent deep-level hole trap and interface-state generation.
Imitation Therapy for Young Children with Autism

This paper reviews the literature on the limitation skills of infants who were later diagnosed with autism and on the enhancing effect of adult imitation on the social behavior of children with autism. Nadel had previously used an adaptation of the still-face paradigm to demonstrate that children with autism showed more expectant behaviors such as looking and touching an adult stranger after being imitated by that stranger. Our studies are then reviewed showing that children with autism respond more to imitative than contingently responsive adults. After repeated imitation sessions the children showed more distal social behaviors (looking, vocalizing) and proximal social behaviors (moving close to and touching adult). In another study children approached more imitative and playful adults. And, children with autism were more imitative with an imitative adult than with their parents. In the final study reviewed the children showed more joint attention behaviors following imitation including referential looking, gaze following and imitation. This literature suggests, then, that children with autism show more social and imitative behavior when they are imitated, highlighting the importance of imitation as an effective therapy for these children.
K-means clustering versus validation measures: a data distribution perspective

K-means is a widely used partitional clustering method. While there are considerable research efforts to characterize the key features of K-means clustering, further investigation is needed to reveal whether and how the data distributions can have the impact on the performance of K-means clustering. Indeed, in this paper, we revisit the K-means clustering problem by answering three questions. First, how the "true" cluster sizes can make impact on the performance of K-means clustering? Second, is the entropy an algorithm-independent validation measure for K-means clustering? Finally, what is the distribution of the clustering results by K-means? To that end, we first illustrate that K-means tends to generate the clusters with the relatively uniform distribution on the cluster sizes. In addition, we show that the entropy measure, an external clustering validation measure, has the favorite on the clustering algorithms which tend to reduce high variation on the cluster sizes. Finally, our experimental results indicate that K-means tends to produce the clusters in which the variation of the cluster sizes, as measured by the Coefficient of Variation(CV), is in a specific range, approximately from 0.3 to 1.0.
Concentration des droits de propriété, séparation entre participation au capital et contrôle des votes et performance opérationnelle des sociétés:une étude canadienne

(VF)La relation qui existe entre la concentration des droits de vote et la performance des societes canadiennes est non monotone, refletant a la fois les avantages et les inconvenients de la concentration des droits de propriete. Dans certaines circonstances, la separation des droits de vote de la participation au capital semble nuire a la performance des societes canadiennes. (VA) Tests on whether ownership concentration has an impact on the performance of Canadian firms reveal that the relationship between concentration and performance is not monotonous, thereby reflecting the pros and cons of concentrated ownership. Moreover, a significantly large separation of cash-flow rights and control rights is likely to negatively affect firm performance in Canada.
A system for the static analysis of XPath

XPath is the standard language for navigating XML documents and returning a set of matching nodes. We present a sound and complete decision procedure for containment of XPath queries, as well as other related XPath decision problems such as satisfiability, equivalence, overlap, and coverage. The considered XPath fragment covers most of the language features used in practice. Specifically, we propose a unifying logic for XML, namely, the alternation-free modal μ-calculus with converse. We show how to translate major XML concepts such as XPath and regular XML types (including DTDs) into this logic. Based on these embeddings, we show how XPath decision problems, in the presence or absence of XML types, can be solved using a decision procedure for μ-calculus satisfiability. We provide a complexity analysis of our system together with practical experiments to illustrate the efficiency of the approach for realistic scenarios.
Radiochemotherapy and Transplantation Allow Long‐Term Survival For Nonresectable Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Results of liver transplantation in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma have been poor as a result of the high incidence of locoregional dissemination and tumor recurrence. This study evaluates the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy combined with orthotopic liver transplantation in a carefully selected group of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.