Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Social Construction of Mountain Bikes: Technology and Postmodernity in the Cycle Industry

In this paper, I raise some problems with the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT): the separation of its first and second stages, dealing with a technology's development, from its third stage, the wider social context; and its underelaboration of the `relevant social groups'. (RSGs) by which it claims to explain the third stage. By following up Pinch & Bijker's example of the safety bicycle with a case study on mountain bikes and the technological controversy of mountain bike frame geometry, I show that the third stage is crucial to understanding both the first and second stages. I suggest that the wider context of mountain bikes is postmodernity, and explore how these artefacts have precipitated a shift in the cycle industry's production processes from Fordism to post-Fordism. This wider context is then used to understand the social construction, not just of the artefacts, but of their RSGs and the relations among them.
Feature Set Reduction for Automatic Network Intrusion Detection with Machine Learning Algorithms

Selecting a minimum set of core features for automatic network intrusion detection with a variety of machine learning algorithms is a challenging problem. In this paper we propose a minimum feature set which can be easily extracted from network traffic. We compare decision trees, neural networks, naive Bayes and Bayesian networks classifiers performing on the KDDCup99 datasets. We show that by feature selection and preprocessing a comparable classification performance is achievable for the benefit of a significant reduction of training time.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of an Almond-enriched, Hypocaloric Diet on Liver Function Tests in Overweight/Obese Women

Background: Gradual weight reduction has been shown to be associated with improvements in liver enzymes. However, some evidence demonstrated that liver enzymes may transiently increase immediately after a diet-induced weight loss. Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effects of a hypocaloric, almond-enriched diet (AED) compared with a hypocaloric nut-free diet (NFD) on liver function tests in the context of a three-month weight reduction program in overweight/obese women. Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with ID number of IRCT2013062313751N1. Overweight and obese Iranian women [n = 108; age = 42.7 y, body mass index = 29.6 kg/m2] were randomly assigned to consume an AED or NFD. The carefully planned hypocaloric diets were identical for both groups except for the AED group who consumed 50 grams of almonds daily for three months. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory measurements including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were assessed before and immediately after the intervention. Results: Of 108 participants, 50 women in AED group and 50 women in NFD group completed the protocol of the study (response rate: 92.6 %). The AED led to a median weight loss of 3.79 kg (interquartile range: 4.4 kg). Significant decreases within AED and NFD were observed in ALT (-16.6 ± 16.3 and -11.7 ± 16.8, P < 0.001, respectively). Similar significant decreases were observed in AST (-13.6 ± 15.7 and -7.7 ± 16.1; P < 0.001, respectively). The decrease in GGT was also significant in both groups (-11.4 ± 21.6 and -6.2 ± 19.8; P < 0.001 respectively). ALT, AST and GGT decreased significantly in the AED group compared to the NFD group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: AED improved liver enzymes in obese women. However, mild, transient increases in ALT and AST values can be observed immediately after an NFD in women.
Origin, antiviral function and evidence for positive selection of the gammaretrovirus restriction gene Fv1 in the genus Mus

The Fv1 virus resistance gene is a coopted endogenous retrovirus (ERV) sequence related to the gag gene of the MuERV-L ERV family. Three major Fv1 resistance alleles have been identified in laboratory mice, and they target virus capsid genes to produce characteristic patterns of resistance to mouse leukemia viruses (MLVs). We identified Fv1 in 3 of the 4 Mus subgenera; its absence from Coelomys and 1 of 3 species of Pyromys indicate Fv1 was acquired shortly after the origin of the Mus genus. We sequenced Fv1 genes from 21 mice representative of the major taxonomic groups of Mus. Two lines of evidence indicate that Fv1 has had antiviral function for 7 million years of evolution. First, 2 species of African pygmy mice (subgenus Nannomys) show an Fv1-like MLV resistance, and transduced cells expressing the Nannomys Fv1 gene reproduce this resistance pattern. Second, sequence comparisons suggest that Fv1 has been involved in genetic conflicts throughout Mus evolution. We found evidence for strong positive selection of Fv1 and identified 6 codons that show evidence of positive selection: 3 codons in the C-terminal region including 2 previously shown to contribute to Fv1 restriction in laboratory mice, and 3 codons in a 10-codon segment overlapping the major homology region of Fv1; this segment is known to be involved in capsid multimerization. This analysis suggests that Fv1 has had an antiviral role throughout Mus evolution predating exposure of mice to the MLVs restricted by laboratory mouse Fv1, and suggests a mechanism for Fv1 restriction.
A 58–63.6GHz quadrature PLL frequency synthesizer in 65nm CMOS

This paper proposes a 60GHz quadrature PLL frequency synthesizer that has a tuning range capable of covering the whole band specified by the IEEE802.15. 3c with exceptional phase noise. The synthesizer is constructed using a 20GHz PLL that is coupled with a frequency tripler to generate the 60GHz signal. The 20GHz PLL generates a signal with a phase noise as low as −106dBc/Hz using tail feedback to improve the phase noise. The proposed 60GHz ILO uses a combination of parallel and tail injection to enhance the locking range by reducing the Injection Locked Oscillator (ILO) current at the moment of injection. Both the 20GHz PLL and the ILO were fabricated using a 65nm CMOS process and measurement results show a phase noise of −96dBc/Hz at 60GHz while consuming 77.5mW from a 1.2V supply. To to author's knowledge this phase noise is about 20dB better then recently reported QPLL and about 10dB compared to düTerential PLL operating at similar frequency.
Synchronization of a Class of Second-Order Nonlinear Systems

The asymptotic behavior of a class of coupled second-order nonlinear dynamical systems is studied in this paper. Using very mild assumptions on the vector-field, conditions on the coupling parameters that guarantee synchronization are provided. The proposed result does not require solutions to be ultimately bounded in order to prove synchronization, therefore it can be used to study coupled systems that do not globally synchronize, including synchronization of unbounded solutions. In this case, estimates of the synchronization region are obtained. Synchronization of two-coupled nonlinear pendulums and two-coupled Duffing systems are studied to illustrate the application of the proposed theory.
Social Perception of the Victim's Causal Role in Rape: An Exploratory Examination of Four Factors

An exploratory examination of the social perception of a rape victim was conducted. Sex of respondent, victim's history of rape, number of rapes in the area, and victim acquaintance with the rapist were investigated by having subjects respond to a standardized videotape of an interview with a presumed victim. Results revealed two consistent findings: Males viewed the victim as contributing to the rape to a greater degree than females. The victim was seen as provoking the episode to a greater degree when she had been raped before than when she had not been raped before. Several interactions were also obtained.
Visual cognition in disorders of consciousness: From V1 to top‐down attention

What is it like to be at the lower boundaries of consciousness? Disorders of consciousness such as coma, the vegetative state, and the minimally conscious state are among the most mysterious and least understood conditions of the human brain. Particularly complicated is the assessment of residual cognitive functioning and awareness for diagnostic, rehabilitative, legal, and ethical purposes. In this article, we present a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging exploration of visual cognition in a patient with a severe disorder of consciousness. This battery of tests, first developed in healthy volunteers, assesses increasingly complex transformations of visual information along a known caudal to rostral gradient from occipital to temporal cortex. In the first five levels, the battery assesses (passive) processing of light, color, motion, coherent shapes, and object categories (i.e., faces, houses). At the final level, the battery assesses the ability to voluntarily deploy visual attention in order to focus on one of two competing stimuli. In the patient, this approach revealed appropriate brain activations, undistinguishable from those seen in healthy and aware volunteers. In addition, the ability of the patient to focus one of two competing stimuli, and switch between them on command, also suggests that he retained the ability to access, to some degree, his own visual representations. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene Expression Profile, Androgen Independence and Prostate Cancer

It is now generally accepted that the burden of disease due to prostate cancer has tremendously increased globally. Current data indicates that prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer in men in the United State of America, and the second leading cause of death due to cancer in men. Progression to androgen independence and subsequent therapeutic resistance and death is a common fate of patients with prostate cancer. This review highlights the gene expression profile of androgen independent prostate cancer and the possible mechanisms that results in transformation to such treatment resistant state.
Problem drug use and fatherhood

In spite of longstanding concern over the impact that parental problem drug-use may have on the lives of children, very little is currently known about the way in which problem drug-using fathers experience and interpret their parenting roles. This study explores the lived experience of fathering among problem drug-using men and considers the impact that drug addiction may have on how these fathers enact their roles as parents and the relationships that they have with their children. Through qualitative interviewing with a sample of fathers with a history of drug addiction, this research highlights the incompatibility between a problem drug-use career and an active and involved fathering role. However, it also reveals how although many of these men may not be fathering in a practical sense, they would appear to nonetheless hold well-developed notions of what qualifies as good parenting and a desire to better fulfill their role as a father. The findings suggest that greater acknowledgement of fathering issues and of men’s parenting status in the provision of services would be beneficial. Furthermore, engaging with these men as fathers and addressing their parenting issues whilst treating their drug addiction problems could potentially facilitate better, more responsible, involved, and perhaps most importantly drug-free fathering.
The absence of chronic rejection in pediatric primary liver transplant patients who are maintained on tacrolimus-based immunosuppression: a long-term analysis1

Background. Although the outcome of liver transplantation has improved significantly during the past two decades, graft loss caused by chronic rejection after liver transplantation still occurs in 2% to 20% of recipients. The overall incidence of chronic rejection is also reported to be low in adult recipients, and risk factors have been identified. Chronic rejection is associated with the inability to maintain baseline immunosuppression. Additionally, the diagnoses of primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, common indications for liver transplantation in adults, are associated with a higher incidence of chronic rejection. Fortunately, these diagnoses are rarely seen in children. Little is known about chronic rejection in long-term pediatric liver transplant survivors. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the incidence of biopsy-proven chronic rejection in long-term survivors of primary pediatric liver transplantation under tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. Methods. From October 1989 to December 1992, 166 children (boys=95, girls=71; mean age=5.0±2.9 years) received a primary liver transplant. These patients were followed until March 2000 with a mean follow-up of 9±0.8 (range, 7.4–10.4) years. All liver biopsy specimens and explanted grafts were evaluated for evidence of chronic rejection using the International Banff Criteria. Results. The mortality rate during the follow-up period was 15% (n=25). Retransplantation was required in 11% (n=18) of recipients. Actuarial patient and graft survival rates at 10 years were 84.9% and 80.1%, respectively. There were 535 liver biopsy samples available for evaluation, including the 18 explanted allografts. Biopsy specimens of three other functioning allografts showed evidence of chronic rejection. Immunosuppression had been discontinued or drastically reduced in these recipients because of life-threatening infections, noncompliance, or both. On restoring baseline immunosuppression, all three children had normalized liver function and the allografts were maintained; the liver transplant patients who are alive currently have normal liver functions. Conclusion. The findings of this study suggest that chronic rejection does not occur in pediatric liver transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus-based immunosuppression, provided baseline immunosuppression is maintained.
Effectiveness of Combined Group Exposure Therapy and Coping with Stress Skills Training on Social Anxiety Rate of University Students

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of combined group exposure therapy and coping with stress skills training on social anxiety rate of university students. The research was quasi -experimental comprising of two groups with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population included all university students in the academic year of 2011-2012 in Payamnoor University Branch of Rabor. From among voluntary students, 60 students were selected with administration of Social Phobia Questionnaire (Cannor, 2000) and structured clinical interview for social anxiety, based on diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4 th edn). Then, 20 students were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control groups). The experimental group participated in ten, 2-hours sessions of group exposure therapy accompanied with coping with stress skills training; however, the control group received no intervention. At the end of intervention, the social phobia questionnaire was administered as post-test and two months later as the follow up, The results of analysis of covariance revealed a significant deference in social phobia scores of both groups (P≤0.0001) and mean scores of social phobia was higher in control group than in the intervention group both at the post test and follow up stages. The results of this research emphasize on the effectiveness of combined group treatments (exposure therapy and control of stress) on the treatment of social anxiety disorder.
SAT04-3: ELB: An Explicit Load Balancing Routing Protocol for Multi-Hop NGEO Satellite Constellations

Due to geographical and/or climatic constraints, the community of future satellite users will exhibit a significant variance in its density over the Globe. This density variance will yield a scenario where some satellite links are congested while others are underutilized. To ensure an intelligent engineering of traffic over satellite networks, this paper proposes a routing protocol that enables neighboring satellites to explicitly exchange information on their congestion status. A "soon-to-be-congested" satellite requests its neighboring satellites to decrease their data forwarding rates. In response, the neighboring satellites search for less congested paths that do not include the satellite in question and communicate a portion of data, primarily destined to the satellite, via the retrieved paths. By so doing, congestion, and the resulting packet drops, can be avoided. A better distribution of traffic among satellites can be guaranteed as well. The proposed scheme is dubbed "Explicit Load Balancing" (ELB) scheme. A set of simulations is conducted to evaluate the performance of the ELB scheme using the Network Simulator. In terms of Quality of Service, encouraging results are obtained: better traffic distribution, higher throughput, and lower packet drops.
Criminal histories of crash and non-crash involved Queensland speeding offenders: evidence supporting the idea that we drive as we live

Evidence increasingly suggests that our behaviour on the road mirrors our behaviour across other aspects of our life. The idea that we drive as we live, described by Tillman and Hobbs more than 65 years ago when examining off-road behaviours of taxi drivers (1949), is the focus of the current paper. As part of a larger study examining the impact of penalty changes on a large cohort of Queensland speeding offenders, criminal (lifetime) and crash history (10 year period) data for a sub-sample of 1000 offenders were obtained. Based on the ‘drive as we live’ maxim, it was hypothesised that crash-involved speeding offenders would be more likely to have a criminal history than non-crash involved offenders. Overall, only 30% of speeding offenders had a criminal history. However, crash-involved offenders were significantly more likely to have a criminal history (49.4%) than non-crash involved offenders (28.6%), supporting the hypothesis. Furthermore, those deemed ‘most at fault’ in a crash were the group most likely to have at least one criminal offence (52.2%). When compared to the non-crash involved offenders, those deemed ‘not most at fault’ in a crash were also more likely to have had at least one criminal offence (46.5%). Therefore, when compared to non-crash involved speeding offenders, those offenders involved in a crash were more likely to have been convicted of at least one criminal offence, irrespective of whether they were deemed ‘most at fault’ in that crash. Implications for traffic offender management and policing are discussed.
Contrastive Analysis of Apologizing between Persian and English Speakers

This study is a contrastive analysis of apology strategies between Persian and English speakers. One of the basic sources of comparison is Afghari's article (2007). He gathered Persian apologetic utterances via a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) and the other source is Suszczynska's article (1999). Suszczynska (1999) gathered data of a corpus of English written responses to a Discourse Completion Test to highlight differences in the realization of apologetic responses in the choice and sequential arrangement of strategies and linguistic form. Both Persian and English languages show similar strategies for apologizing, according to the different situation and personality they use a special way for apologizing but in Persian language, people use swearing and hopes for forgiveness which are different from English language and also choosing one of these strategies appeared to be culture specific.
Nanocellulose production by ultrasound-assisted TEMPO oxidation of Kraft pulp on laboratory and pilot scales

Production of cellulose nanofibres from native cellulose has been the subject of intensive investigation during the past decade. In the pulp and paper industry, it is generally believed that this new product will open new market and increase profitability. Cellulose nanofibres can be successfully produced using a TEMPO-Sodium bromide-Sodium hypochlorite system followed by mechanical treatment. This system can be further optimized with the use of low frequency ultrasound. However, these laboratory trials are not suitable for mass production. For this reason, trials using a full scale flow-through sonoreactor which is compatible with such an oxidation system were carried out with limited sets of experiments. The objective of this study was to compare the laboratory oxidation results at various chemicals dosages to those obtained from the full scale flowthrough sonoreactor under an optimal ultrasound condition in order to further optimize the reaction conditions. The results clearly indicated that the ultrasonic efficiency of the sonoreactor was greater than that of the laboratory ultrasonic bath in terms of carboxylate content. This benefit was rather unclear basing on the rheological curves. However, the viscosity measurements suggested that it is possible to conduct the oxidation with reduced TEMPO and NaBr (3/5) using a sonoreactor and obtain similar end product. With the chemicals dosage and ultrasonic conditions now optimized in the sonoreactor, we can now produce up to 1 kg of nanocellulose per day.
Is the maternal Q-Set a valid measure of preschool child attachment behavior?

The objective of this study is to examine preschool-age correlates of the maternal version of the Attachment Q-Set (AQS) (Waters & Deane, 1985) in order to provide validity data. Concurrent associations between the Attachment Q-Set and measures of separation-reunion attachment classifications (Cassidy & Marvin, 1992), quality of mother–child interaction, maternal stress, and child externalizing behavior problems were examined for a low-risk sample of 152 preschool children. Results showed that, even after controlling for maternal stress, ambivalent and disorganized children had lower scores on the AQS when compared with the secure group. However, avoidant and controlling children did not differ from secure children in maternal sorts. Significant associations between the maternal Q-Set and affective quality of mother–child interaction were also maintained, when controlling for maternal stress. The AQS was significantly associated with both mother and teacher reported externalizing behavior problem reports, but the association with teacher reports was not maintained when maternal stress was entered in the equation as a covariate. The discussion focuses on the validity of the maternal Q-Set as a measure of child attachment behavior in preschoolers.