Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intercellular signalling mediated by the Notch receptor has diverse roles in the regulation of cell differentiation , proliferation and migration during development

INTRODUCTION Intercellular signalling mediated by the Notch receptor has diverse roles in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation and migration during development (Louvi and Artavanis-Tsakonas, 2006). The response of cells to Notch activation is context dependent and can change within a tissue at different stages of development. This is illustrated by roles of Notch in cell differentiation in the vertebrate central nervous system, in which it mediates the lateral inhibition of neurogenesis (Lewis, 1998), promotes the formation of radial glial cells (Gaiano et al., 2000), which can act as neural progenitors (Malatesta et al., 2000; Malatesta et al., 2003), and regulates the choice to differentiate into specific neuronal cell types (Peng et al., 2007). A general feature of these functions is that Notch signalling diversifies adjacent cells by lateral inhibition or induction, in which cells expressing Notch ligands change the differentiation of their neighbours. During the lateral inhibition of neurogenesis in the vertebrate nervous system, proneural transcription factors that drive the initial steps of neuronal differentiation upregulate expression of the Notch ligands, Delta or Serrate/Jagged. These ligands activate Notch in adjacent cells by promoting a proteolytic cleavage that releases the intracellular domain of Notch (Mumm et al., 2000), which, upon binding to the transcription factor CSL, switches it from a repressor to an activator (Fryer et al., 2002). The activated CSL complex upregulates expression of members of the Hes/Her transcriptional repressor family that inhibit neurogenesis (Kageyama et al., 2007). Consequently, a pool of undifferentiated cells is maintained adjacent to differentiating neurons, within which neurogenesis can be initiated once lateral inhibition is relieved as the forming neuron migrates away from the neural epithelium. In addition to roles in controlling cell differentiation, in some tissues Notch activation contributes to the inhibition of cell intermingling across boundaries Fringe glycosylates specific sites of the Notch extracellular domain during its intracellular processing, and this glycosylation alters the affinity of Notch binding to its ligands: Delta binds more strongly to Fringe-modified Notch, whereas the binding of Serrate is decreased (Moloney et al., 2000; Panin et al., 1997). Consequently, the dorsal expression of Fringe and Serrate and the ventral expression of Delta leads to a stripe of Notch activation at the dorsoventral interface, which is required to form the compartment boundary (de Celis et al., 1996). Studies of vertebrate homologues of Fringe have suggested analogous roles in boundary formation for lunatic fringe (Lfng) in the chick forebrain …
Laboratory Simulation of Aeolian Sand Transport and Physical Modeling of Flow Around Dunes

This paper discusses the possibilities of laboratory simulation of large-scale flow around dunes, both with and without saltation, and the study of the physics of the small-scale particle motion occurring on a sand surface composed of like-moveable particles. Physics of the atmospheric boundary layer are presented in the context of laboratory applications. The governing equations of fluid and/or particle motion are discussed and analyzed for applications in laboratory testing. The most important similitude parameters, as applied to wind-tunnel requirements for conservation of mass, momentum, energy, and the boundary conditions are presented and discussed. Key findings and results are that: i) in general, flow around a dune or multiple dunes with saltation present cannot be accurately simulated in wind tunnels; ii) flow field around all or part of a full-scale dune can be simulated marginally in a wind tunnel, provided “large” model scales and “reasonably high” wind-tunnel speeds are used (the conditions of “large” model scales and “reasonably high” speeds are specified within the text); and, iii) it is possible to accurately replicate the process of saltation in wind tunnels provided appropriate similitude and independence criteria of Reynolds and Froude numbers are observed. Limited laboratory and wind-tunnel studies are cited.
Employee selection and work engagement: Do recruitment and selection practices influence work engagement?

Work engagement has received increased attention by both practitioners and academicians. Researchers and practitioners have focused on the antecedents of employee engagement and the positive outcomes of an employee being engaged. This study served to expand the literature on antecedents and outcomes of work engagement to include human resources practices, such as Realistic Job Previews (RJP) and selection tests, as antecedents. A sample of 161 Information Technology helpdesk support representatives, who were grouped by receiving or not receiving an RJP and a selection test, were assessed on the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli, Salanova, Gonzalez-Roma, and Bakker, 2002). Significant differences were found for individuals who recalled receiving an RJP on work engagement. Significant differences were not found for the selection test group on work engagement. Additional analyses were conducted to determine the predictability of engagement on individual (e.g., personal health and job satisfaction) and organizational outcomes (e.g., turnover intentions and performance). Overall, results suggest that human resources practices should be included in the work engagement model. Additional research directions and organizational implications were discussed. EMPLOYEE SELECTION AND WORK ENGAGEMENT: DO RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PRACTICES INFLUENCE WORK ENGAGEMENT?
A Model of Retroactive Tone-Center Perception

In this paper, a model for tone-center perception is developed. It is based on an auditory model and principles of schema dynamics such as self-organization and association. The auditory module simulates virtual-pitch perception by transforming musical signals into auditory images. The schema- based module involves data-driven long-term learning for the self-organization of a schema for tone-center perception. The focus of this paper is on a retroactive process (called perceptual interpretation) by which the sense of tone center is adjusted according to a reconsideration of preceding perceptions in view of new contextual evidence within the schema. To this purpose, a metaphor is introduced, in which perceptual interpretation is described as the movement of a snaillike object in an attractor space. Additionally, the mathematical details of the model are presented, and the results of computer simulations are discussed.
Characteristics of attention-related body sensations. Temporal stability and associations with measures of body focus, affect, sustained attention, and heart rate variability

Abstract Aim: This study investigated the temporal stability and correlates of attention-related body sensations that emerge without external stimulation during rest and due to focused attention on a body part. Materials: To assess attention-related body sensations, participants were asked to focus on a freely chosen body area with closed eyes, and had to report whether the sensation of that area had changed. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess various aspects of body focus (body awareness, body responsiveness, somatosensory amplification, subjective somatic symptoms), and positive and negative affectivity. Previous experiences in body–mind therapies were also measured. PEBL Continuous Performance Test was used to assess sustained attention. Heart rate variability scores were based on a 3-minute long resting heart rate measurement. Methods: Fifty-eight university students (22.3 ± 3.95 years; 34 females) participated in the study. The stability of attention-related body sensations was measured 8 weeks later on a randomly chosen sub-group (n = 28). Results: Attention-related body sensations showed a mediocre temporal stability (rρ = 0.47, p = 0.012). People reporting attention-related body sensations showed significantly higher body awareness, somatosensory amplification, and resting heart rate; and marginally higher somatic symptoms. No relation was found with body–mind practice, body responsiveness, positive and negative affect, the vagal component of heart rate variability, and performance in the sustained attention task. Conclusion: Attention-related sensations are relatively stable over time. They are connected to some, but not to all of the aspects of body focus. Further studies are needed to elaborate the influencing stable and situational factors.
Voluntary Social Insurance ∗

We look at the consequences of allowing social insurance to be voluntary when its coverage can be supplemented in the market. Social insurance pools risks and social contributions are increasing in income, while the market is affected by adverse selection. We claim that making social insurance voluntary does not lead to its collapse since there are always individuals either benefiting from redistribution and/or coverage not available in the market. Also, participation in a voluntary social insurance becomes a signalization of individuals’ type and the market can use this information to design contracts. Therefore low risks’ coverage might be increased and the effects of adverse selection are mitigated. The welfare consequence depends on the status quo. If in the status quo there is no social insurance, then there is a Pareto improvement, and in some cases all are strictly better off. If instead the status quo implements some social coverage, them making it voluntary is done at the cost of less redistribution. JEL classification: H23, H42, H50, D72
Advances in Brief TBX 2 Is Preferentially Amplified in BRCA 1-and BRCA 2-related Breast Tumors 1

The chromosome 17q23 region is frequently amplified in breast tumors. Gain of the region is present in 50% of BRCA1-associated breast tumors and 87% of BRCA2-associated breast tumors. The amplification frequency of the RPS6KB1 and TBX2 oncogenes from this amplicon was compared in 27 BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutant breast tumors, 15 breast tumors from high-risk patients with no BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, and 62 matched sporadic breast tumor controls. TBX2 was determined to be preferentially amplified and overexpressed in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutant tumors, whereas RPS6KB1 was not, suggesting a role for TBX2 amplification in the development of BRCA1and BRCA2-associated breast tumors.
Changes in Rugby League Tackling Ability During a Competitive Season: The Relationship With Strength and Power Qualities

Abstract Speranza, MJA, Gabbett, TJ, Greene, DA, Johnston, RD, and Sheppard, JM. Changes in rugby league tackling ability during a competitive season: the relationship with strength and power qualities. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3311–3318, 2017—This study examined the relationship between changes in tackling ability, and muscular strength and power during a semiprofessional rugby league competitive season. Twelve semiprofessional rugby league players (mean ± SD age, 23.3 ± 2.0 years) underwent tests of upper- and lower-body strength and power during the preseason period. Tackling ability was tested using video analysis of a standardized one-on-one tackling drill. Players repeated these tests after round 15 of a 25-match competitive season. Changes in 1 repetition maximum (1RM) squat (rs = 0.70; p < 0.02) and squat relative to body mass (rs = 0.73; p < 0.01) were significantly related to changes in tackling ability. Players with the greatest improvements in tackling ability (i.e., “responders”) retained 1RM squat (effect size, ES = 0.85, p = 0.09) and squat relative to body mass (ES = 0.82, p = 0.15) to a greater extent than the “nonresponders. ” The results of this study suggest that players who retained lower-body strength were able to improve tackling ability during the competitive season, whereas reductions in lower-body strength were associated with decrements in tackling ability. This study highlights the importance of the development and maintenance of lower-body muscular strength for effective tackling performance throughout the rugby league season.
The Role of Mitochondria for the Regulation of Cardiac Alternans

Electro-mechanical and Ca alternans is a beat-to-beat alternation of action potential duration, contraction strength and Ca transient amplitude observed in cardiac myocytes at regular stimulation frequency. Ca alternans is a multifactorial process that is causally linked to cardiac arrhythmias. At the cellular level, conditions that increase fractional release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum or reduce diastolic Ca sequestration favor the occurrence of alternans. Mitochondria play a significant role in cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and Ca signaling by providing the energy for contraction and ATP-dependent processes and possibly by serving as Ca buffering organelles. Here we tested the hypothesis that impairment of mitochondrial function generates conditions that favor the occurrence of Ca alternans. Alternans were elicited by electrical pacing (>1 Hz) in single cat atrial myocytes and intracellular Ca ([Ca]i) was measured with the fluorescent Ca indicator Indo-1. The degree of alternans was quantified as the alternans ratio (AR = 1 − S/L, where S/L is the ratio of the small to the large amplitude of a pair of alternating Ca transients). Dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (with FCCP) as well as inhibition of mitochondrial F1/F0-ATP synthase (oligomycin), electron transport chain (rotenone, antimycin, CN−), Ca-dependent dehydrogenases and mitochondrial Ca uptake or extrusion, all enhanced AR and lowered the threshold for the occurrence of Ca alternans. The data indicate that impairment of mitochondrial function adversely affects cardiac Ca cycling leading to proarrhythmic Ca alternans.
Shared molecular mechanisms regulate multiple catenin proteins: canonical Wnt signals and components modulate p120-catenin isoform-1 and additional p120 subfamily members

Wnt signaling pathways have fundamental roles in animal development and tumor progression. Here, employing Xenopus embryos and mammalian cell lines, we report that the degradation machinery of the canonical Wnt pathway modulates p120-catenin protein stability through mechanisms shared with those regulating β-catenin. For example, in common with β-catenin, exogenous expression of destruction complex components, such as GSK3β and axin, promotes degradation of p120-catenin. Again in parallel with β-catenin, reduction of canonical Wnt signals upon depletion of LRP5 and LRP6 results in p120-catenin degradation. At the primary sequence level, we resolved conserved GSK3β phosphorylation sites in the amino-terminal region of p120-catenin present exclusively in isoform-1. Point-mutagenesis of these residues inhibited the association of destruction complex components, such as those involved in ubiquitylation, resulting in stabilization of p120-catenin. Functionally, in line with predictions, p120 stabilization increased its signaling activity in the context of the p120–Kaiso pathway. Importantly, we found that two additional p120-catenin family members, ARVCF-catenin and δ-catenin, associate with axin and are degraded in its presence. Thus, as supported using gain- and loss-of-function approaches in embryo and cell line systems, canonical Wnt signals appear poised to have an impact upon a breadth of catenin biology in vertebrate development and, possibly, human cancers.
Manhaj haraki in the Revival of Quranic Exegesis

Manhaj haraki or dynamic method is one of modern approaches in Quranic exegesis which has been introduced in early of the twentieth century. The development of this method has been established by the Islamic movements especially the Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan Muslimin). However, this method has not been widely known, in fact, a few scholars of the Quranic studies discussed it. This study therefore, attempts to introduce the concept of Manhaj haraki and its origin, as well as the dimension of renewal (tajdid) in interpretation the Quran. Using qualitative method and descriptive analysis, the study concludes that the Manhaj haraki is not totally a new method in the Quranic exegesis, but it is a rebranding to the method which had been applied by the prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.), his companions and the pious predecessors (salaf al-salih) in dealing with the Quran. The application of Manhaj haraki in interpretation of the Quran aims to bring modern Muslims closer to the Quran and understand the objective of its revelation as a practical and realistic book which deals with every aspect of human life.
Better Not to Know? Emotion Regulation Fails to Benefit from Affective Cueing

Often we know whether an upcoming event is going to be good or bad. But does that knowledge help us regulate ensuing emotions? To address this question, we exposed participants to alleged social feedback that was either positive or negative. On half the trials, a preceding cue indicated the feedback’s affective quality. On the remaining trials, the cue was uninformative. In two different blocks, participants either appraised feedback spontaneously or down-regulated ensuing emotions using a controlled appraisal strategy. Event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded throughout both blocks revealed an increased late positive potential (LPP) during cue and feedback epochs when cues were affectively informative as compared to uninformative. Additionally, during feedback epochs only, informative, but not uninformative, cueing was associated with an appraisal effect whereby controlled appraisal reduced the LPP relative to spontaneous appraisal for negative feedback. There was an opposite trend for positive feedback. Together, these results suggest that informative cues allowed individuals to anticipate an emotional response and to adjust emotion regulation. Overall, however, informative cues seemed to have prolonged and intensified emotional responding when compared with uninformative cues. Thus, affective cueing appears to be contraindicated when individuals aim to reduce their emotions.
Effect of Foliar Fertilization of Fe, Mn and Zn on Wheat Yield and Quality in Low Sandy Soils Fertility

2 Abstract: For increasing wheat yield and improve grain quality by increasing Zn and Fe in grains for human food in the developing country. Two field experiments were carried out in newly cultivated sandy soil during the two winter seasons of 2007/08 and 2008/09 at the Experimental Farm of the National Research Center to investigate the effect of micronutrient foliar application on wheat yield and quality of wheat grains. Results indicated that grain yield, straw yield, 1000-grain weight and number of grains/spike, Fe, Mn and Zn concentration in flag leaves and grains as well as, protein content in grain were significantly increased by application of these elements.
Depletion of Oak (Quercus spp.) Forests in the Western Himalaya: Grazing, Fuelwood and Fodder Collection

The Himalaya, youngest mountain range of the world covers about 18% of total geographical area of India. Forests constitute (50% of India’s forest cover) an important natural resource base in the Himalaya, most important being the temperate broad leaf forests, which are largely dominated by different species of oak (Quercus species). In India Rodgers & Panwar (1988) divided the Indian Himalaya into six provinces viz., Ladakh mountain, Tibetan plateau, North-West Himalaya, Western Himalaya, Central Himalaya and the Eastern Himalaya. The Western Himalaya comprises of the eastern part of Himachal Pradesh and the state of Uttarakhand between the rivers Satluj and Sharada. Oaks (Quercus spp.) are the dominant, climax tree species of the moist temperate forests of the Indian Himalayan region (Troup, 1921) where about 35 species of Quercus are extensively distributed between 1000-3500 m elevations. Five species of evergreen oak namely Quercus glauca (phaliyant/harinj), Q. leucotrichophora (banj), Q. lanuginosa (rianj), Q. floribunda (tilonj/moru) and Q. semecarpifolia (brown/kharsu) grow naturally in the western Himalaya.
Cyber Bullying Among Teenagers in Israel: An Examination of Cyber Bullying, Traditional Bullying, and Socioemotional Functioning

In this study, the relationships between cyber bullying and involvement in traditional bullying, with reference to social support and gender differences, was examined. Social support plays an important role in empowering victims of cyber bullying and has a significant influence on children and teenagers’ well-being. A sample made up of 458 Israeli junior high students (242 female, 216 male) in the age range of 11 to 13 completed 4 questionnaires. Results indicated that there is an overlap between involvement in cyber bullying and involvement in traditional bullying. The findings indicate that girls were more likely to be cyber victims than boys and that boys were more likely to be cyber bullies than girls. Examination of the relationships between gender and social support variables such as friends, family, and others, shows that girls who were cyber victims reported having more support in all 3 types than cyber bullied boys. These findings can serve as a basis for prevention and intervention programs to cope with cyber bullying.
Interleukin-10 Influences the Expression of MRP8 and MRP14 in Human Dendritic Cells

Background: We investigated the differential gene expression of human dendritic cells (DC) under the influence of the cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). Methods: The gene expression profiles of IL-10-treated DC and untreated DC (untreated control) were compared using cDNA expression array. Results: In this array, several differentially expressed transcripts could be identified. Two of them, the transcripts for the myeloid-related proteins (MRPs) MRP8 and MRP14, were examined more closely. The transcripts encoding for these proteins were expressed in mature untreated DC, and significantly induced in IL-10-treated DC. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that the genes for MRP8 and MRP14 are expressed in various DC subpopulations in different intensity, depending on their maturational status and are increased after the treatment with IL-10. Expression of the genes for MRP8 and MRP14 in DC has not been reported before. These results point to different, still unknown functions of these two proteins in DC: to a role in DC maturation, and possibly to an influence on the creation of tolerogenic T cells under the influence of IL-10.
Polymerase Mu Is a DNA-Directed DNA/RNA Polymerase

ABSTRACT DNA polymerases are defined as such because they use deoxynucleotides instead of ribonucleotides with high specificity. We show here that polymerase mu (pol μ), implicated in the nonhomologous end-joining pathway for repair of DNA double-strand breaks, incorporates both ribonucleotides and deoxynucleotides in a template-directed manner. pol μ has an approximately 1,000-fold-reduced ability to discriminate against ribonucleotides compared to that of the related pol β, although pol μ's substrate specificity is similar to that of pol β in most other respects. Moreover, pol μ more frequently incorporates ribonucleotides when presented with nucleotide concentrations that approximate cellular pools. We therefore addressed the impact of ribonucleotide incorporation on the activities of factors required for double-strand break repair by nonhomologous end joining. We determined that the ligase required for this pathway readily joined strand breaks with terminal ribonucleotides. Most significantly, pol μ frequently introduced ribonucleotides into the repair junctions of an in vitro nonhomologous end-joining reaction, an activity that would be expected to have important consequences in the context of cellular double-strand break repair.