Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTION OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS : HOW HUMANS RATE AND RESPOND TO MONKEY

MONKEY AND HUMAN FACES by ELIZABETH ANN SIMPSON (Under the Direction of Dorothy M. Fragaszy) ABSTRACT Naïve and “monkey expert” human participants viewed a variety of human and monkey (Cebus apella) facial expressions (e.g. happiness, anger, fear, disgust, and neutral) in three experiments: (1) search task in which expression was task-irrelevant, (2) speed rating in which participants categorized expressions’ valence, and (3) slow rating in which participants indicated expressions’ emotion-type and intensity. Button-press latencies in Experiment 1 varied as a function of expression and species. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed individual differences for both sex and expertise. Females were more sensitive to negative monkey expressions, while males were more sensitive to positive monkey expressions. This demonstrates that sex differences in expression perception may extend to the processing of nonhumans’ faces. Naïve participants were less accurate at rating monkey expressions, but still well above chance performance. This highlights the role of experience and evolutionary continuity in cross-species emotion perception.
Transcriptomic correlates of neuron electrophysiological diversity

How neuronal diversity emerges from complex patterns of gene expression remains poorly understood. Here we present an approach to understand electrophysiological diversity through gene expression by integrating transcriptomics with intracellular electrophysiology. Using a brain-wide dataset of 34 neuron types, we identified 420 genes whose expression levels significantly correlated with variability in one or more of 11 electrophysiological parameters. The majority of these correlations were consistent in an independent sample of 12 visual cortex cell types. Many associations reported here have the potential to provide new insights into how neurons generate functional diversity, and correlations of ion channel genes like Gabrd and Scn1a (Nav1.1) with resting potential and spiking frequency are consistent with known causal mechanisms. These results suggest that despite the complexity linking gene expression to electrophysiology, there are likely some general principles that govern how individual genes establish phenotypic diversity across very different cell types.
Comparison of Interferon-γ Release Assays and the Tuberculin Skin Test for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Systematic Review

Background It remains uncertain if interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are superior to the tuberculin skin test (TST) for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in immunosuppressed populations including people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the performance of IGRAs and the TST in people with HIV with active TB or LTBI in low and high prevalence TB countries. Methods We searched the MEDLINE database from 1966 through to January 2017 for studies that compared results of the TST with either the commercial QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube (QFTGT) assay or previous assay versions, the T-SPOT.TB assay or in-house IGRAs. Data were summarized by TB prevalence. Tests for concordance and differences in proportions were undertaken as appropriate. The variation in study methodology was appraised. Results Thirty-two studies including 4,856 HIV subjects met the search criteria. Fourteen studies compared the tests in subjects with LTBI in low TB prevalence settings. The QFTGT had a similar rate of reactivity to the TST, although the first-generation version of that assay was reactive more commonly. IGRAs were more frequently positive than the TST in HIV infected subjects with active TB. There was considerable study methodology and population heterogeneity, and generally low concordance between tests. Both the TST and IGRAs were affected by CD4 T-cell immunodeficiency. Conclusion Our review of comparative data does not provide robust evidence to support the assertion that the IGRAs are superior to the TST when used in HIV infected subjects to diagnose either active TB or LTBI.
Open Lung Biopsy in Nonresolving Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Commonly Identifies Corticosteroid-Sensitive Pathologies, Associated With Better Outcome*

Objectives: Approximately half of the patients undergoing lung biopsy for nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome exhibit another histologic pattern than diffuse alveolar damage, with some of the pathologies characterized by a potential response to corticosteroids. This study aimed to assess whether open lung biopsy performed in the ICU for nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome was able to identify steroid-sensitive diseases and whether patients with a steroid-sensitive pathology experienced different clinical courses and outcomes. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: One 22-bed mixed ICU within a tertiary medical center. Patients: Patients age greater than or equal to 16 years old who met the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome and underwent open lung biopsy from January 2007 to January 2017. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: During the study period, 695 patients diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome were identified, 51 (7%) of whom underwent open lung biopsy. An alternative diagnosis to diffuse alveolar damage was found in 29 patients (57%), and a steroid-sensitive pathology was identified in 19 (37%). In-hospital and 180-day mortality rates were 55% and 61%, respectively. There was a significant difference in hospital mortality and 180-day mortality rates between patients with steroid-sensitive pathology and those with steroid-resistant pathology (37% vs 65%; p < 0.045 and 37% vs 75%; p < 0.007, respectively). We did not identify any variable that could reliably predict a steroid-sensitive histologic pattern before open lung biopsy. Conclusions: Open lung biopsy was able to identify a steroid-sensitive pathology in a significant proportion of nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. These patients had a better outcome, with lower hospital mortality and 180-day mortality.
HER2 Gene Protein Assay Is Useful to Determine HER2 Status and Evaluate HER2 Heterogeneity in HER2 Equivocal Breast Cancer

Objectives: Approximately 15% of breast cancers show equivocal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) results on HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and are reflexed for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, some cases remain equivocal. In this study, we evaluated these double-equivocal cases by using a novel gene protein assay (GPA), which can simultaneously assess HER2 gene copy number and protein on a single slide using bright-field microscopy. Methods: GPA was performed on 42 HER2 IHC and FISH double-equivocal cases. Results: GPA was negative for amplification in 28 cases, equivocal in three cases, and positive in 11 cases. The GPA results showed excellent concordance with either repeat FISH using a chromosome 17 centromere probe or FISH using an alternative probe. Furthermore, HER2 heterogeneity was identified in three of 11 GPA-positive cases. Conclusions: HER2 GPA performs accurately and is very useful to determine HER2 status in HER2 IHC and FISH double-equivocal breast cancer cases and identify HER2 heterogeneity.
Satisfaction in life among fathers following fertility treatment

Abstract Objective: The study aimed at (a) gaining a better understanding of how fertility history (ART/spontaneous) is associated with life satisfaction among new fathers; and (b) identifying personal and interpersonal risk factors for lower satisfaction in life during the transition to fatherhood. Design: This cross-sectional study comprised 172 Israeli fathers (76 who became fathers following ART and 96 following spontaneous pregnancy), who completed a series of self-report questionnaires 5–18 months after the birth of their first child. Results: No differences were found in life satisfaction between fathers in the two fertility history groups. Regression analysis indicated that younger age and higher economic status, as well as lower attachment anxiety and avoidance and better marital relationship, were associated with a higher level of life satisfaction among new fathers. Conclusion: Although the life satisfaction of new fathers does not appear to be affected by their fertility history, it may be hampered by personal and interpersonal risk factors. These results have practical implications for professionals who come into contact with this population.
Stomatal Constraints May Affect Emission of Oxygenated Monoterpenoids from the Foliage of Pinus pinea 1,212

Dependence of monoterpenoid emission and fractional composition on stomatal conductance (G V) was studied in Mediterranean conifer Pinus pinea, which primarily emits limonene and trans-β-ocimene but also large fractions of oxygenated monoterpenoids linalool and 1,8-cineole. Strong decreases in G V attributable to diurnal water stress were accompanied by a significant reduction in total monoterpenoid emission rate in midday. However, various monoterpenoids responded differently to the reduction in G V, with the emission rates of limonene and trans-β-ocimene being unaffected but those of linalool and 1,8-cineole closely following diurnal variability in G V. A dynamic emission model indicated that stomatal sensitivity of emissions was associated with monoterpenoid Henry's law constant (H, gas/liquid phase partition coefficient). Monoterpenoids with a large Hsuch as trans-β-ocimene sustain higher intercellular partial pressure for a certain liquid phase concentration, and stomatal closure is balanced by a nearly immediate increase in monoterpene diffusion gradient from intercellular air-space to ambient air. The partial pressure rises also in compounds with a low H, but more than 1,000-fold higher liquid phase concentrations of linalool and 1,8-cineole are necessary to increase intercellular partial pressure high enough to balance stomatal closure. The system response is accordingly slower, and the emission rates may be transiently suppressed by low G V. Simulations further suggested that linalool and 1,8-cineole synthesis rates also decreased with decreasing G V, possibly as the result of selective inhibition of various monoterpene synthases by stomata. We conclude that physicochemical characteristics of volatiles not only affect total emission but also alter the fractional composition of emitted monoterpenoids.
Community-Based Providers’ Selection of Practices for Children and Adolescents With Comorbid Mental Health Problems

The goal of this study is to explore providers’ patterns of implementation by investigating how community mental health providers selected therapy practice modules from a flexible, modular evidence-based treatment working with youths with comorbid mental health problems. Data were obtained from 57 youths, 5–15 years old, presenting with anxiety, depressive, and/or conduct problems and their 27 providers during their participation in an effectiveness trial involving a modular evidence-based treatment. Although all youths evidenced clinically elevated symptomatology in at least two problem areas, providers targeted youths’ comorbid problems with only about half of their study cases. Practice modules indicated for youths’ comorbid problems were typically used less frequently and with less depth relative to practice modules indicated for youths’ principal clinical problem and were often transdiagnostic in nature (i.e., designed to target more than one problem area). To determine whether providers’ decisions to target youths’ comorbid problems were systematic, multilevel, logistic regression analyses were conducted and revealed that youths’ pretreatment characteristics and time in therapy influenced providers’ patterns of module selection. Providers tend to use, but not exploit, the flexibility allowed by modular EBTs and to focus treatment on youths’ principal presenting problem. In addition, providers appear to make these practice choices in a systematic and rational manner, and whether and which choices are associated with improved outcomes is an important area of future study.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FRACTURE SURFACES OBTAINED IN DIRECT TENSILE TESTS

The study presented herein deals with an investigation of the dependence of the mode I fracture energy on the fracture path. The relief of the fracture surfaces resulting from direct tensile tests conducted on different types of granites was characterized by means of classical parameters, mean roughness and root-mean-square roughness. These parameters were obtained from the data acquired by a 3D laser topographical inspection system used to capture the texture of fracture surface profiles at various locations of the surface. A scattered linear correlation between fracture energy and the mean (micro)roughness was attained. Additionally, it was found that microstructural aspects, like planear anisotropy and grain size, as well as the weathering state, influence the fracture surface relief.
Serrated adenocarcinoma morphology in colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma is associated with improved patient survival

Colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) share many characteristics, including right-side colon location, frequent mucin production, and various molecular features. This study examined the frequency of SAC morphology in MACs. We assessed the correlation of SAC morphology with clinicopathological parameters, molecular characteristics, and patient prognosis. Eighty-eight colorectal MACs were collected and reviewed for SAC morphology according to Makinen's criteria. We sequenced KRAS and BRAF, assessed CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) frequency, and analyzed DNA mismatch repair enzyme levels using immunohistochemistry in tumor samples. SAC morphology was observed in 38% of MACs, and was associated with proximal location (P=0.001), BRAF mutation (P=0.042), CIMP-positive status (P=0.023), and contiguous traditional serrated adenoma (P=0.019). Multivariate analysis revealed that MACs without both SAC morphology and CIMP-positive status exhibited 3.955 times greater risk of cancer relapse than MACs having both characteristics or either one (P=0.035). Our results show that two MAC groups with distinct features can be identified using Makinen's criteria, and suggest a favorable prognostic role for the serrated neoplastic pathway in colorectal MAC.
Composite-Observer-Based Output-Feedback Control for Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems With Input Saturation and Its Application

This paper makes the first attempt to address the global output-feedback tracking control problem for nonlinear systems in the presence of time delay, nonsymmetric input saturation, and external disturbances. As one of the distinctive features, the growth assumptions imposed on system time-delay nonlinearities are removed in this output-feedback case. To handle the unmeasurable states and disturbances, the composite state observer and disturbance observer are constructed simultaneously. Based on these two observers, an output-feedback controller is designed by introducing an auxiliary system to eliminate the effect of input saturation and using a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional to deal with time delay. It is shown that the designed controller can ensure the closed-loop system to be globally uniformly ultimately bounded. Particularly, instead of converging to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of zero as in related results, the tracking error is proven to be bounded by the saturation input error and design parameters that can be explicitly tuned. Finally, a chemical reactor system is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed scheme.
Interventions to prevent and reduce excessive alcohol consumption in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background harmful alcohol consumption is reported to be increasing in older people. To intervene and reduce associated risks, evidence currently available needs to be identified. Methods two systematic reviews in older populations (55+ years): (1) Interventions to prevent or reduce excessive alcohol consumption; (2) Interventions as (1) also reporting cognitive and dementia outcomes. Comprehensive database searches from 2000 to November 2016 for studies in English, from OECD countries. Alcohol dependence treatment excluded. Data were synthesised narratively and using meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using NICE methodology. Reviews are reported according to PRISMA. Results thirteen studies were identified, but none with cognition or dementia outcomes. Three related to primary prevention; 10 targeted harmful or hazardous older drinkers. A complex range of interventions, intensity and delivery was found. There was an overall intervention effect for 3- and 6-month outcomes combined (8 studies; 3,591 participants; pooled standard mean difference (SMD) −0.18 (95% CI −0.28, −0.07) and 12 months (6 studies; 2,788 participants SMD −0.16 (95% CI −0.32, −0.01) but risk of bias for most studies was unclear with significant heterogeneity. Limited evidence (three studies) suggested more intensive interventions with personalised feedback, physician advice, educational materials, follow-up could be most effective. However, simple interventions including brief interventions, leaflets, alcohol assessments with advice to reduce drinking could also have a positive effect. Conclusions alcohol interventions in older people may be effective but studies were at unclear or high risk of bias. Evidence gaps include primary prevention, cost-effectiveness, impact on cognitive and dementia outcomes.
Longitudinal trends in the frequency of medium and fast race winning times in Australian harness racing: Relationships with rules moderating whip use

The use of whips in racing is subject to current debate, not least because the prospect that fatigued horses cannot respond renders the practice futile and inhumane. The racing industries maintain whip use is a form of encouragement and that the rules of racing that govern whip use safeguard horse welfare. The current study examined longitudinal trends in the frequency of medium and fast race winning times in Australian harness racing between September 2007 and August 2016 to explore relationships with a series of changes that moderated whip use. The first change, introduced January 2010, moderated whip action so that horses were struck with less force. Subsequent amendments reversed this change for the final 200m of the race except in one racing jurisdiction. However, those amendments were eventually reversed, restoring the first rule change in all geographic locations. Despite whip use being regulated from January 2010, a long-term trend of increased frequency of both fast and medium winning times over 1609m (~1 mile) was noted. Even after adjusting for this trend, all whip handling codes were associated with greater odds of winning times being less than 1:55 minutes compared with the pre-2010 period. A similar finding for times less than 2:00 minutes did not reach statistical significance. Additionally, the periods immediately before and after introducing the most stringent regulations were compared. This revealed that, when introduced in 2010, these regulations were associated with faster winning times. Their re-introduction in 2016, was associated with no significant differences. Despite concerns that tightening of whip regulations might reduce performance, none of our analyses revealed any significant reduction in either fast or medium winning times in races following the tightening of regulations governing the use of the whip. These findings question the putative need for whips to improve racing performance.
Fabrication and Assembly Performance of the First 4.2 m MQXFA Magnet and Mechanical Model for the Hi-Lumi LHC Upgrade

The LHC accelerator research program (LARP), in collaboration with CERN and under the scope of the high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider, is in the prototyping stage in the development of a 150 mm aperture high-field Nb3Sn quadrupole magnet called MQXF. This magnet is mechanically supported using a shell-based support structure, which has been extensively demonstrated on several R&D models within LARP, as well as in the more recent short (1.2 m magnetic length) MQXF model program. The MQXFA magnets are each 4.2 m magnetic length, and the first mechanical long model, MQXFA1M (using aluminum surrogate coils), and MQXFAP1 prototype magnet (the first prototype with Nb3Sn coils) have been assembled at the LBNL. In this paper, we summarize the tooling and the assembly processes, and discuss the mechanical performance of these first two assemblies, comparing strain gauge data with finite element model analysis, as well as the near-term plans for the long MQXF magnet program.
Personality traits and Facebook use: The combined/interactive effect of Extraversion, Neuroticism and Conscientiousness

This study examined the influence of Big Five personality traits on Facebook usage and examined the interactions of traits in this context based on Torgersen’s (1995) typological approach. The effect of self-esteem, narcissism, loneliness, shyness and boredom proneness on Facebook usage was also investigated. The sample included both student (N = 190) and (N = 184) non-student samples. Narcissism was the strongest predictor of time spent on Facebook per day for both students and non-students. Narcissism was also the strongest predictor of number of daily logins for non-students, however, agreeableness was the strongest predictor of logins for students. Extraversion was the strongest predictor of number of Facebook friends for both students and non- students, however the interaction of Extraversion and Neuroticism was also a predictor of Facebook friends for students, and the interaction of Extraversion and Conscientiousness for non-students. Future research should consider the combined effect of personality traits on overall Facebook use.
Improved Very Deep Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network for Object Recognition

Recently, object recognition has been a very active field of interest. The success of the deep learning based methods in recognizing objects has encouraged recent works to follow this approach. In this paper, we propose a very deep recurrent convolutional neural network approach for object recognition. Our approach uses a very deep convolutional neural network reinforced by integrating recurrent connections to the convolutional layers. Besides, the pooling step has been improved by using two main techniques: the Generalizing Pooling and the spatial pyramid pooling. The Generalizing pooling, that replaces the maxpooling layer commonly used in convolutional neural network, combines pooling operations within a hierarchical tree structure. The Spatial Pyramid Pooling which enables the removal of the fixed size constraint of input image has been conducted. In addition, the data augmentation technique has been used to strengthen the training process. Experiments on three object recognition benchmarks dataset: Pascal VOC 2007, CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100, have shown the success of our approach.