Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Gas at High Redshift: Jet-induced Star Formation?

We present an alternative interpretation of the observations of BR 1202-0725 at z = 4.695 and show that its properties are consistent with a relativistic jet issuing from the quasar core, propagating into the intergalactic medium, and triggering star formation along its path. Prompted by this finding, we reviewed all the z > 3 objects detected in molecular line emission and found that the distribution of gas and dust in these sources is often spatially or kinematically offset from the host galaxy and preferentially aligned along the radio axis. These observations suggest to us a scenario in which CO emission observed in high-redshift galaxies is located where it forms: along the sites of star formation triggered initially by relativistic jets.
The prototype of interpersonal dependency inTurkish culture

The aim of the present study is to identify the prototype of the concept of dependency in interpersonal relations in Turkish culture. Data were collected from young adults studying at university. The sample comprised 252 participants whose ages ranged between 17 and 35 and who were studying on different programs at university. Of the participants, 155 (61%) were female and 97 were male (39%) students. The scenario sample used in the prototype analyses was used as the data collection instrument. The data were analyzed by means of a prototype analysis method in order to identify the concept of dependency in interpersonal relationships and dependent relationships. As a result of the prototype analysis, three different head categories and 71 features were identified. The tables demonstrate these features in rank order in terms of representing the category in the best way. These categories are defined as, a) interpersonal dependency, b) dependent individuals’ characteristics and c) indicators of a dependent relationship. Showing love, trust building and giving arm emerged as the prototype of interpersonal dependency concept. Inability to act by oneself, anxiety, lack of confidence, self-denial and being open to indoctrination emerged as the prototype of dependent personal characteristics. Inability to live without the dependable person, feeling the constant need to be near him/her, desire to satisfy him/her, placing that person in the center of one's life, and the need to be informed about that person also emerged as the prototype of a dependent relationship. It was found out that the prototype of dependency in interpersonal relationships and the prototype of dependent relationship indicators comprise both positive and negative characteristics. It is observed that the prototype of dependent individual characteristics is generally perceived negatively. Key words: Interpersonal dependency, dependent relationship, dependent individual, prototype analysis.
Memory functioning and quality of life in temporal lobe epilepsy

III CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND 1-10 1.1.1 Historical Content 2 1.1.2 What is Epilepsy? 3 1.1.3 Prevalence 3 1.1.4 Economic Cost 4 1.1.5 Aetiology 4 1.1.6 Seizure Classification 5 (a) Partial or Focal Seizures 7 (b) Generalised Seizures 8 1.2 TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY 10 1.3 PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES 11-15 1.3. 1 Depression 12 1.3. 2 Anxiety 13 1.3. 3 Personality Disorder 13 1.3. 4 Factors Influencing Psychosocial Issues 14 1.4 LOCUS OF CONTROL 15-17 1.5 COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING 17-24 1.5. 1 Executive Functioning 19 1.5. 2. Attentional Processes 21 1.5. 3 Memory Functioning 22 1.6 TREATMENT APPROACHES 24-27 1.6. 1 Anti Epileptic Drugs 24 1.6. 2 Epilepsy Surgery 26 1.6. 3 Cognitive Rehabilitation 26 1.7 QUALITY OF LIFE 27-32 1.7. 1 Memory & Quality of Life 29 1.7. 2 Locus of Control, Memory & Quality of Life 31 1.8 PRESENT STUDY: AIMS & HYPOTHESES 33-34
A Comparative Study of Forensic Science and Computer Forensics

As the internet has reached every corner of the world as well as every aspect of our life, illegal activities go with it as well. In dealing with this phenomenon, a new professional and academic field, computer forensics, has emerged since the beginning of this century, The growth and advance of the new field has been steady, mainly because it has been following the path of forensic science due to the similarities between the two fields, as well as professionals’ experience and understanding of the field. As forensic science has been challenged and asked to have a major overhaul by a congressionally mandated report recently, where should computer forensics go? Based on a comparative study in various facets of both forensic science and computer forensics, some suggestions and considerations have been drawn in this paper, which imply that computer forensics may need to reposition itself to better promote the field over the long run.
Individual Differences in Diving: Intelligence, Personality, and Underwater Adaptation

Diving is an activity that is carried out in an extreme environment with extraordinary psychophysical demands. It requires the divers to undergo an adaptive process in order to survive, to be able to take advantage of their capabilities, and to achieve an efficient performance. In this ex post facto study, data from a sample of military personnel participating in scuba diving courses (N = 649) were analyzed. Our aim was to verify the role of individual differences in the adaptation to an extreme and hostile environment. The results indicate the existence of psychological variables that differentiate between divers and the general population, those who pass or fail the diving course, and between groups of divers who obtain differential levels of performance in underwater tasks. These findings support that dispositional characteristics have utility for the identification of suitable personnel for professional diving.
Keratinocytes can modulate and directly initiate nociceptive responses

How thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli applied to the skin are transduced into signals transmitted by peripheral neurons to the CNS is an area of intense study. Several studies indicate that transduction mechanisms are intrinsic to cutaneous neurons and that epidermal keratinocytes only modulate this transduction. Using mice expressing channelrhodopsin (ChR2) in keratinocytes we show that blue light activation of the epidermis alone can produce action potentials (APs) in multiple types of cutaneous sensory neurons including SA1, A-HTMR, CM, CH, CMC, CMH and CMHC fiber types. In loss of function studies, yellow light stimulation of keratinocytes that express halorhodopsin reduced AP generation in response to naturalistic stimuli. These findings support the idea that intrinsic sensory transduction mechanisms in epidermal keratinocytes can directly elicit AP firing in nociceptive as well as tactile sensory afferents and suggest a significantly expanded role for the epidermis in sensory processing. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.09674. 001
Cognitive Radio Aided Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) for Improved Spectrum Resource Allocation

The highly anticipated era of Internet of Things (IoTs) expected to empower all aspects of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) will undeniably improve transport safety and significantly reduce road accidents. To promote the communication of mobile vehicles (or IoVs), US FCC officially allocated a merger 75 MHz spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band to enable vehicular communication. In this paper, we studied the application of CR technology to IoVs in order to increase the spectrum resource opportunities especially when the officially allocated 75 MHz spectrum in 5.9 GHz band is not enough due to high demands as a result of increasing number of connected devices as already foreseen in the near era of IoTs. We proposed a novel CRAVNET framework which empowers CR assisted vehicles to make opportunistic usage of licensed spectrum bands on the highways, and developed a novel co-operative three-state spectrum sensing and allocation solution which makes CR vehicular SUs aware of additional spectrum resources opportunities on their current and future positions. Both the simulation and theoretical analysis have demonstrated that our solution can significantly improve the performance of a cooperative spectrum sensing and sharing schemes, and provide vehicles with additional spectrum opportunities with zero interference with the PUs activities.
Stochastic gene expression as a many-body problem

Gene expression has a stochastic component because of the single-molecule nature of the gene and the small number of copies of individual DNA-binding proteins in the cell. We show how the statistics of such systems can be mapped onto quantum many-body problems. The dynamics of a single gene switch resembles the spin-boson model of a two-site polaron or an electron transfer reaction. Networks of switches can be approximately described as quantum spin systems by using an appropriate variational principle. In this way, the concept of frustration for magnetic systems can be taken over into gene networks. The landscape of stable attractors depends on the degree and style of frustration, much as for neural networks. We show the number of attractors, which may represent cell types, is much smaller for appropriately designed weakly frustrated stochastic networks than for randomly connected networks.
Serologic evidence of human influenza virus infections in swine populations, Cambodia

Background This study was conducted from 2006 to 2010 and investigated the seroprevalence of influenza A viruses in Cambodian pigs, including human H1N1, H3N2, 2009 pandemic H1N1 (A(H1N1)pdm09), and highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A viruses.
AKARI IRC Survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud: Outline of the Survey and Initial Results

We observed an area of 10 deg^2 of the Large Magellanic Cloud using the Infrared Camera on board AKARI. The observations were carried out using five imaging filters (3, 7, 11, 15, and 24 micron) and a dispersion prism (2 -- 5 micron, $\lambda / \Delta\lambda$ $\sim$ 20) equipped in the IRC. This paper describes the outline of our survey project and presents some initial results using the imaging data that detected over 5.9x10^5 near-infrared and 6.4x10^4 mid-infrared point sources. The 10 $\sigma$ detection limits of our survey are about 16.5, 14.0, 12.3, 10.8, and 9.2 in Vega-magnitude at 3, 7, 11, 15, and 24 micron, respectively. The 11 and 15 micron data, which are unique to AKARI IRC, allow us to construct color-magnitude diagrams that are useful to identify stars with circumstellar dust. We found a new sequence in the color-magnitude diagram, which is attributed to red giants with luminosity fainter than that of the tip of the first red giant branch. We suggest that this sequence is likely to be related to the broad emission feature of aluminium oxide at 11.5 micron. The 11 and 15 micron data also indicate that the ([11] - [15]) micron color of both oxygen-rich and carbon-rich red giants once becomes blue and then turns red again in the course of their evolution, probably due to the change in the flux ratio of the silicate or silicon carbide emission feature at 10 or 11.3 micron to the 15 micron flux.
Advanced Glycation End-Products Induce Apoptosis of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: A Mechanism for Vascular Calcification

Vascular calcification, especially medial artery calcification, is associated with cardiovascular death in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease (CKD). To determine the underlying mechanism of vascular calcification, we have demonstrated in our previous report that advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) stimulated calcium deposition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through excessive oxidative stress and phenotypic transition into osteoblastic cells. Since AGEs can induce apoptosis, in this study we investigated its role on VSMC apoptosis, focusing mainly on the underlying mechanisms. A rat VSMC line (A7r5) was cultured, and treated with glycolaldehyde-derived AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE3-BSA). Apoptotic cells were identified by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. To quantify apoptosis, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for histone-complexed DNA fragments was employed. Real-time PCR was performed to determine the mRNA levels. Treatment of A7r5 cells with AGE3-BSA from 100 µg/mL concentration markedly increased apoptosis, which was suppressed by Nox inhibitors. AGE3-BSA significantly increased the mRNA expression of NAD(P)H oxidase components including Nox4 and p22phox, and these findings were confirmed by protein levels using immunofluorescence. Dihydroethidisum assay showed that compared with cBSA, AGE3-BSA increased reactive oxygen species level in A7r5 cells. Furthermore, AGE3-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited by siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nox4 or p22phox. Double knockdown of Nox4 and p22phox showed a similar inhibitory effect on apoptosis as single gene silencing. Thus, our results demonstrated that NAD(P)H oxidase-derived oxidative stress are involved in AGEs-induced apoptosis of VSMCs. These findings might be important to understand the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in diabetes and CKD.
Setting the Conditions for Success: A Case Study Involving the Selection Process for the Canadian Forces Snowbird Demonstration Team

This case study investigated the selection process of a high-performance military team and explored potential implications for sport through an organizational psychology perspective. An instrumental case study was undertaken, comprising an observational visit and semistructured interviews with candidate (n = 3) and veteran (n = 2) pilots. Thematic analysis uncovered a range of strategies utilized for the selection of ideal candidates (e.g., flight briefings, systematic flight progressions, mentorship, traditional events), and these are described in relation to candidate and veteran perceptions and are contextualized with regards to candidate motivation for membership and the broader team environment. A number of identified concepts have relevance to sport and are discussed in relation to both theory and practice.
A Neural Schema Architecture for Autonomous Robots

As autonomous robots become more complex in their behavior, more sophisticated software architectures are required to support the ever more sophisticated robotics software. These software architectures must support complex behaviors involving adaptation and learning, implemented, in particular, by neural networks. We present in this paper a neural based schema [2] software architecture for the development and execution of autonomous robots in both simulated and real worlds. This architecture has been developed in the context of adaptive robotic agents, ecological robots [6], cooperating and competing with each other in adapting to their environment. The architecture is the result of integrating a number of development and execution systems: NSL, a neural simulation language; ASL, an abstract schema language; and MissionLab, a schema-based mission-oriented simulation and robot system. This work contributes to modeling in Brain Theory (BT) and Cognitive Psychology, with applications in Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI), Autonomous Agents and Robotics. Areas: Robotics, Agent-oriented programming, Neural Nets
Stability scores: measuring coalitional stability

We introduce a measure for the level of stability against coalitional deviations, called stability scores, which generalizes widely used notions of stability in non-cooperative games. We use the proposed measure to compare various Nash equilibria in congestion games, and to quantify the effect of game parameters on coalitional stability. For our main results, we apply stability scores to analyze and compare the Generalized Second Price (GSP) and Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) ad auctions. We show that while a central result of the ad auctions literature is that the GSP and VCG auctions implement the same outcome in one of the equilibria of GSP, the GSP outcome is far more stable. Finally, a modified version of VCG is introduced, which is group strategy-proof, and thereby achieves the highest possible stability score.
SpMV: A Memory-Bound Application on the GPU Stuck Between a Rock and a Hard Place

In this paper, we investigate the relative merits between GPGPUs and multicores in the context of sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV). While GPGPUs possess impressive capabilities in terms of raw compute throughput and memory bandwidth, their performance varies significantly with application tuning as well as sparse input and format characteristics. Furthermore, several emerging technological and workload trends potentially shift the balance in favor towards the multicore, especially in the context of bandwidth-limited workloads. In light of these trends, our paper investigates the performance, power, and cost of state-of-the-art GPGPUs and multicores across a spectrum of sparse inputs. Our results reinforce some current-day understandings of GPGPUs and multicores while offering new insights on their relative merits in the context of future systems.
Time-course of cortical networks involved in working memory

Working memory (WM) is one of the most studied cognitive constructs. Although many neuroimaging studies have identified brain networks involved in WM, the time course of these networks remains unclear. In this paper we use dense-array electroencephalography (dEEG) to capture neural signals during performance of a standard WM task, the n-back task, and a blend of principal components analysis and independent components analysis (PCA/ICA) to statistically identify networks of WM and their time courses. Results reveal a visual cortex centric network, that also includes the posterior cingulate cortex, that is active prior to stimulus onset and that appears to reflect anticipatory, attention-related processes. After stimulus onset, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, lateral prefrontal prefrontal cortex, and temporal poles become associated with the prestimulus network. This second network appears to reflect executive control processes. Following activation of the second network, the cortices of the temporo-parietal junction with the temporal lobe structures seen in the first and second networks re-engage. This third network appears to reflect activity of the ventral attention network involved in control of attentional reorientation. The results point to important temporal features of network dynamics that integrate multiple subsystems of the ventral attention network with the default mode network in the performance of working memory tasks.
Role of Galectin-3 in Obesity and Impaired Glucose Homeostasis

Galectin-3 is an important modulator of several biological functions. It has been implicated in numerous disease conditions, particularly in the long-term complications of diabetes because of its ability to bind the advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products that accumulate in target organs and exert their toxic effects by triggering proinflammatory and prooxidant pathways. Recent evidence suggests that galectin-3 may also participate in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. It has been shown that galectin-3 levels are higher in obese and diabetic individuals and parallel deterioration of glucose homeostasis. Two studies in galectin-3 knockout mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) have shown increased adiposity and adipose tissue and systemic inflammation associated with altered glucose homeostasis, suggesting that galectin-3 negatively modulates the responsiveness of innate and adaptive immunity to overnutrition. However, these studies have also shown that impaired glucose homeostasis occurs in galectin-3 knockout animals independently of obesity. Moreover, another study reported decreased weight and fat mass in HFD-fed galectin-3 knockout mice. In vitro, galectin-3 was found to stimulate differentiation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes. Altogether, these data indicate that galectin-3 deserves further attention in order to clarify its role as a potential player and therapeutic target in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Viral and Bacterial Infections in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men in Toronto

Background Hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been associated with HIV transmission risk and disease progression among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM), but the frequency and distribution of STIs in this community in Canada has not been extensively studied. Methods We recruited MSM living with and without HIV from a large primary care clinic in Toronto. Participants completed a detailed socio-behavioural questionnaire using ACASI and provided blood for syphilis, HIV, HBV and HCV, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), and human cytomegalovirus (CMV) serology, urine for chlamydia and gonorrhea, and a self-collected anal swab for human papillomavirus (HPV) molecular diagnostics. Prevalences were expressed as a proportion and compared using chi-square. Results 442 MSM were recruited, 294 living with HIV and 148 without. Active syphilis (11.0% vs. 3.4%), ever HBV (49.4% vs. 19.1%), HCV (10.4% vs. 3.4%), HSV-2 (55.9% vs. 38.2%), CMV (98.3% vs. 80.3%) and high-risk (HR) anal HPV (67.6% vs. 51.7%) infections were significantly more common in men living with HIV. Chlamydia and gonorrhea were infrequent in both groups. Regardless of HIV infection status, age and number of lifetime male sexual partners were associated with HBV infection and lifetime injection drug use with HCV infection. Conclusions Syphilis and viral infections, including HBV, HCV, HSV-2, CMV, and HR-HPV, were common in this clinic-based population of MSM in Toronto and more frequent among MSM living with HIV. This argues for the implementation of routine screening, vaccine-based prevention, and education programs in this high-risk population.
Conditioned discrimination of magnetic inclination in a spatial-orientation arena task by homing pigeons (Columba livia)

It has been well established that homing pigeons are able to use the Earth's magnetic field to obtain directional information when returning to their loft and that their magnetic compass is based, at least in part, on the perception of magnetic inclination. Magnetic inclination has also been hypothesized in pigeons and other long-distance navigators, such as sea turtles, to play a role providing positional information as part of a map. Here we developed a behavioral paradigm which allows us to condition homing pigeons to discriminate magnetic inclination cues in a spatial-orientation arena task. Six homing pigeons were required to discriminate in a circular arena between feeders located either in a zone with a close to 0 deg inclination cue or in a zone with a rapidly changing inclination cue (−3 deg to +85 deg when approaching the feeder and +85deg to −3 deg when moving away from the feeder) to obtain a food reward. The pigeons consistently performed this task above chance level. Control experiments, during which the coils were turned off or the current was running anti-parallel through the double-wound coil system, confirmed that no alternative cues were used by the birds in the discrimination task. The results show that homing pigeons can be conditioned to discriminate differences in magnetic field inclination, enabling investigation into the peripheral and central neural processing of geomagnetic inclination under controlled laboratory conditions.