Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contextual Factors Related to Alcohol Abuse Among Intimate Partner Violence Offenders

ABSTRACT Background: The association between alcohol consumption and intimate partner violence (IPV) has been reiterated in numerous studies. Some authors have found higher levels of risk factors in intimate partner violence offenders (IPVOs) with alcohol problems than in IPVOs without such problems. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship of contextual variables with harmful alcohol use in a sample of IPVOs. Method: This cross-sectional research analyzes data from 231 IPVOs. In addition to demographic data, information was collected on alcohol use, ethnicity, accumulation of stressful life events and perceived social support and rejection. The sample was divided into hazardous and nonhazardous alcohol users, according to the AUDIT test scale. Results: No differences were found between groups on demographic variables. The results of a hierarchical logistic regression analysis supplemented with ROC curves revealed that Latin American immigrants as opposed to Spanish nationality, accumulating stressful life events, and perceiving low social support significantly increased the likelihood of alcohol abuse, with adequate predictive power. Conclusion: Contextual variables such as ethnicity, accumulation of stressful life events, and lack of social support may explain harmful alcohol consumption. These variables should be taken into account in batterer intervention programs in order to reduce one of the most relevant risk factors of IPV: alcohol abuse.
Bivariate Correlation Analysis of the Chemometric Profiles of Chinese Wild Salvia miltiorrhiza Based on UPLC-Qqq-MS and Antioxidant Activities

To better understand the mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of Salvia miltiorrhiza, correlation between the chemical profiles and in vitro antioxidant activities in 50 batches of wild S. miltiorrhiza samples was analyzed. Our ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis detected twelve phenolic acids and five tanshinones and obtained various chemical profiles from different origins. In a principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, the tanshinones cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIA and dihydrotanshinone I exhibited higher weights in PC1, whereas the phenolic acids danshensu, salvianolic acids A and B and lithospermic acid were highly loaded in PC2. All components could be optimized as markers of different locations and might be suitable for S. miltiorrhiza quality analyses. Additionally, the DPPH and ABTS assays used to comprehensively evaluate antioxidant activities indicated large variations, with mean DPPH and ABTS scavenging potencies of 32.24 and 23.39 μg/mL, respectively, among S. miltiorrhiza extract solutions. Notably, samples that exceeded the mean IC50 values had higher phenolic acid contents. A correlation analysis indicated a strong correlation between the antioxidant activities and phenolic acid contents. Caffeic acid, danshensu, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid and salvianolic acid B were major contributors to antioxidant activity. In conclusion, phenolic compounds were the predominant antioxidant components in the investigated plant species. These plants may be sources of potent natural antioxidants and beneficial chemopreventive agents.
Bayesian-based method with metamodels for rebuilding freestream conditions in atmospheric entry flows

The paper investigates a new methodology to rebuild freestream conditions for the trajectory of a reentry vehicle from stagnation-point measurements. Uncertainties due to measurements and model parameters are taken into account,andaBayesiansettingsuppliedwithmetamodelsisusedtosolvetheassociatedstochasticinverseproblem.A sensitivityanalysisbasedonastochasticspectralframeworkisfirstinvestigatedtostudytheimpactofuncertaininput dataonstagnation-pointmeasurements.Anoriginalbackwarduncertaintypropagationmethodisthenproposed,for which only the uncertainties that have the most impact are retained.
Virus detection by PCR following vaccination of naive calves with intranasal or injectable multivalent modified-live viral vaccines

We evaluated duration of PCR-positive results following administration of modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines to beef calves. Twenty beef calves were randomly assigned to either group 1 and vaccinated intranasally with a MLV vaccine containing bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), or to group 2 and vaccinated subcutaneously with a MLV vaccine containing bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 (BVDV-1, -2), BoHV-1, BRSV, and BPIV-3. Deep nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and transtracheal washes (TTW) were collected from all calves, and whole blood was collected from group 2 calves and tested by PCR. In group 1, the proportions of calves that tested PCR-positive to BVDV, BoHV-1, BRSV, and BPIV-3 on any sample at any time were 0%, 100%, 100%, and 10%, respectively. In group 1 calves, 100% of calves became PCR-positive for BoHV-1 by day 3 post-vaccination and 100% of calves became PCR-positive for BRSV by day 7 post-vaccination. In group 2, the proportions of calves that tested positive to BVDV, BoHV-1, BRSV, and BPIV-3 on any sample at any time were 50%, 40%, 10%, and 0%, respectively. All threshold cycle (Ct) values were >30 in group 2 calves, irrespective of virus; however, Ct values <25 were observed in group 1 calves from PCR-positive results for BoHV-1 and BRSV. All calves were PCR-negative for all viruses after day 28. Following intranasal MLV viral vaccination, PCR results and Ct values for BRSV and BoHV-1 suggest that attempts to differentiate vaccine virus from natural infection is unreliable.
Research on hysteresis loop considering the prestress effect and electrical input dynamics for a giant magnetostrictive actuator

In this paper, focusing on the application-oriented giant magnetostrictive material (GMM)-based electro-hydrostatic actuator, which features an applied magnetic field at high frequency and high amplitude, and concentrating on the static and dynamic characteristics of a giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) considering the prestress effect on the GMM rod and the electrical input dynamics involving the power amplifier and the inductive coil, a methodology for studying the static and dynamic characteristics of a GMA using the hysteresis loop as a tool is developed. A GMA that can display the preforce on the GMM rod in real-time is designed, and a magnetostrictive model dependent on the prestress on a GMM rod instead of the existing quadratic domain rotation model is proposed. Additionally, an electrical input dynamics model to excite GMA is developed according to the simplified circuit diagram, and the corresponding parameters are identified by the experimental data. A dynamic magnetization model with the eddy current effect is deduced according to the Jiles–Atherton model and the Maxwell equations. Next, all of the parameters, including the electrical input characteristics, the dynamic magnetization and the mechanical structure of GMA, are identified by the experimental data from the current response, magnetization response and displacement response, respectively. Finally, a comprehensive comparison between the model results and experimental data is performed, and the results show that the test data agree well with the presented model results. An analysis on the relation between the GMA displacement response and the parameters from the electrical input dynamics, magnetization dynamics and mechanical structural dynamics is performed.
Antiaging efficacy of melatonin-based day and night creams: a randomized, split-face, assessor-blinded proof-of-concept trial

Background Skin is a complete and independent melatoninergic system. At the skin level, melatonin (Mel) acts as a relevant antioxidant and cytoprotective substance. Topical application of Mel is considered meaningful, since it can easily penetrate the stratum corneum. Exogenous Mel can be expected to represent a potent antioxidative defense system against skin aging mechanisms. Day and night creams containing Mel, carried in lipospheres (Melatosphere™), have been developed (Nutriage SPF 30 day cream and Nutriage night cream). Study aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a Mel-based cream as antiaging treatment. Subjects and methods In a randomized, split-face, assessor-blinded, prospective 3-month study, 22 women (mean age 55 years) with moderate–severe skin aging were enrolled (clinical trial registration number: NCT03276897). Study products were applied in the morning (Nutriage day cream) and evening (Nutriage night cream) on the right or left side of the face. Primary outcomes were: 1) clinical evaluation of wrinkles’ grade (crow’s feet and nasolabial folds), surface microrelief, skin tonicity (resistance to pinching and traction, recovery after pinching) and skin dryness and 2) instrumental evaluation of skin roughness and 3D photographic documentation (Vectra H1 images system). Assessments of both clinical and instrumental evaluations were performed at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months of treatment by an investigator unaware of treatment allocation. Results All the subjects completed the study. Crow’s feet was reduced significantly (p=0.05) by −15% with the creams in comparison with the non-treated side after 3 months. At the end of the study, surface microrelief (−26.5%), skin profilometry (−13%), skin tonicity (+30%) and skin dryness (−59.5%) significantly improved with active treatment. Both products were well tolerated. Conclusion In women with skin aging, Mel-based creams improved significantly skin tonicity and skin hydration with a significant reduction in skin roughness, supporting the skin antiaging effect of this molecule applied topically.
Block iliac bone grafting enhances osseous healing of alveolar reconstruction in older cleft patients: A radiological and histological evaluation

Background Older alveolar cleft patients (&12 years old) often have wide bone defect as well as teeth loss, resulting in poor osseous healing with conventional alveolar bone grafting (ABG). In this study, we investigated a surgical technique of block iliac bone grafting for the alveolar cleft reconstruction and evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of these cleft patients. Material and Methods Fifteen patients were included in this study. All cases received preoperative cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) scans for the alveolar cleft evaluation. Osseous outcomes of block iliac bone grafting were assessed at 1 week, 3- and 6-month postoperatively. Volume changes and bone resorption rates were calculated using the measurement modules of Simplant software. Bone samples from one patient undergoing dental implantation were assessed by micro-CT and histological examination. The morbidities of donor-site were analyzed by clinical examination and questionnaire survey. Results The average age of the case series was 18.53±2.50 years. The intraoral incision of thirteen cases healed well. However, two cases had oronasal fistula and graft exposure at 1-week postoperatively. The results of follow-up CBCT scans showed significant resistance to radiation on both sides of the bone graft, suggesting a good osseous healing and new bone formation. The mean residual bone volume was 1.68±0.26 cm3, 1.29±0.23 cm3 and 1.15±0.23 cm3 at 1-week, 3- and 6-month postoperatively. Correspondingly, the mean bone resorption rates in 3- and 6-month postoperative were 21.78±6.88% and 30.66±8.97%, respectively. From micro-CT and HE examinations, the block bone samples exhibited a cancellous structure in which mature bone trabecula and functional blood vessels appeared. The average scores of donor-site morbidities were drastically decreased at 3- and 6-month postoperatively compared with those at 1-week postoperatively. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that block iliac bone grafting could achieve satisfying osseous outcomes in older alveolar cleft patients, and this technique provided favorable bony condition for further treatments, especially dental implantation. Key words:Alveolar bone grafting, Block bone grafting, Osseous healing, CBCT.
Bistable perception in normal aging: perceptual reversibility and its relation to cognition

ABSTRACT The effects of age on the ability to resolve perceptual ambiguity are unknown, though it depends on frontoparietal attentional networks known to change with age. We presented the bistable Necker cube to 24 middle-aged and OAs (older adults; 56–78 years) and 20 YAs (younger adults; 18–24 years) under passive-viewing and volitional control conditions: Hold one cube percept and Switch between cube percepts. During passive viewing, OAs had longer dominance durations (time spent on each percept) than YAs. In the Hold condition, OAs were less able than YAs to increase dominance durations. In the Switch condition, OAs and YAs did not differ in performance. Dominance durations in either condition correlated with performance on tests of executive function mediated by the frontal lobes. Eye movements (fixation deviations) did not differ between groups. These results suggest that OAs’ reduced ability to hold a percept may arise from reduced selective attention. The lack of correlation of performance between Hold and executive-function measures suggests at least a partial segregation of underlying mechanisms.
Incompatible European Partners? Cultural Predispositions and Household Financial Behavior

The Eurozone fiscal crisis has created pressure for institutional harmonization, but skeptics argue that cultural predispositions can prevent convergence in behavior. Our paper derives a robust cultural classification of European countries and utilizes unique data on natives and immigrants. Classification based on genetic distance or on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions fails to identify a single ‘southern’ culture but points to a ‘northern’ culture. Our findings support the relevance of cultural predispositions for financial behavior; and convergence of behavior over time in the face of common institutions, even for countries with great cultural distance from the country that created those institutions.
Attention to the model's face when learning from video modeling examples in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder

We investigated the effects of seeing the instructor's (i.e., the model's) face in video modeling examples on students' attention and their learning outcomes. Research with university students suggested that the model's face attracts students' attention away from what the model is doing, but this did not hamper learning. We aimed to investigate whether we would replicate this finding in adolescents (prevocational education) and to establish how adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, who have been found to look less at faces generally, would process video examples in which the model's face is visible. Results showed that typically developing adolescents who did see the model's face paid significantly less attention to the task area than typically developing adolescents who did not see the model's face. Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder paid less attention to the model's face and more to the task demonstration area than typically developing adolescents who saw the model's face. These differences in viewing behavior, however, did not affect learning outcomes. This study provides further evidence that seeing the model's face in video examples affects students' attention but not their learning outcomes.
Evaluating Physical Workload by Position During Match in Elite Bandy

Abstract Blomqvist, S, Ervasti, PE, and Elcadi, GH. Evaluating physical workload by position during match in elite bandy. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2616–2622, 2018—To improve current understandings of physical workload (WL) in elite bandy, 10 bandy players were monitored for heart rate (HR) during 13 matches over 1 championship season. Participants were divided into 5 subgroups according to playing position—libero, defender, halves, midfielder, and forward. Heart rate measurements were analyzed with 2 different methods to compute physical WL—(a) percentage of total time spent in different HR zones (HRres) and (b) WL based on the Edwards method. Also determined was the time spent at HR levels above the lactate threshold (LT). A one-way analysis of variance was used for analysis. For WL, according to the Edwards method, significant differences (p = 0.05) were shown between the groups with defenders presenting the highest scores, and forwards and liberos the lowest. A significant difference (p = 0.05) was found between liberos and halves and the other positions as to how much time they spent in zone 70–80% of HRres. In 91–100% of HRres, there was a distinct difference between defenders and the other positions and also forwards differed significantly from liberos, defenders, and halves (p = 0.05). The libero spent only 1% of the time over the LT, whereas the midfielder spent approximately 27% of the time over the LT. Overall, defenders showed the greatest WL during a match and liberos the lowest. The practical implications of these findings can help coaches and trainers design training methods specific to each position and individualized training sessions for each player in elite bandy.
Lysine requirements of growing turkeys in various temperature environments.

The lysine requirement of Large White male turkeys (Nicholas strain commercial cross) was determined in two experiments at different environmental temperatures for two age periods (8 to 12 and 16 to 20 wk of age). Response curves (segmented and exponential) were obtained by regressing body weight gain (grams/day) on dietary lysine concentration (percentage) or lysine intake (grams/day). Varying levels of dietary lysine were obtained by supplementing a corn-sesame meal diet with L-lysine.HCl. Temperature affected percentage lysine requirement as determined by the segmented (broken line) regression model during 8 to 12 wk of age in Experiment 1 (P less than .05) and in Experiment 2 (P less than .10). The requirements (mean +/- SE) by broken line regression for the 8 to 12-wk age period were: Experiment 1, 1.13 +/- . 02 and 1.25 +/- . 02% at 6 and 23 C, respectively, and Experiment 2, 1.10 +/- . 03, and 1.23 +/- . 04% at 7, 20, and 26 C, respectively. For the 16 to 20 wk age period the requirements for Experiment 1 were . 75 +/- . 02 and . 77 +/- . 03% at 8 and 24 C, respectively. For Experiment 2, requirements were . 74 +/- . 03, . 72 +/- . 02, and . 78 +/- . 02% at 7, 16, and 24 C, respectively. Percentage requirements by the exponential model showed the same patterns relative to temperature. Multiple regression analysis of gain on lysine intake and temperature indicated that variability in gain was primarily explained by intake (R2 ranged from .82 to .97) with deficient lysine intakes. Temperature environment also affected the gain response to lysine intake, resulting in different response curves at the different environmental temperatures.
Dietary intake and nutritional status of US adult marijuana users: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract Objectives: This study examined dietary intakes and nutritional status of marijuana users and non-current marijuana users in US adults aged 20 to 59 years. Methods: We used data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994. Information on self-reported drug use, including marijuana, was obtained as part of the NHANES III physical examination component. Nutritional status was assessed using height and weight, and blood biochemistries. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall and a food-frequency questionnaire. Results: Among adults 20–59 years of age, 45% reported ever having used marijuana in their lifetime. A total of 8.7% reported using marijuana in the past month. Current marijuana users had higher intakes of energy and nutrients than non-current marijuana users; however, body mass index (BMI) was slightly lower. We found higher cigarette-smoking rates and higher consumption of sodas and alcohol, specifically beer, among marijuana users than among non-current marijuana users. Marijuana users also consumed more sodium, fewer fruits, and more pork, cheese, and salty snacks. Nutritional status, using indicators of serum nutrients, serum albumin, haematocrit and haemoglobin, was similar between marijuana users and non-current marijuana users. Serum carotenoid levels were lower among marijuana users, independent of cigarette smoking. Conclusion: Dietary intake was different among marijuana users than among non-current marijuana users. Although overall nutritional status was similar, serum carotenoid levels were lower in marijuana users. The long-term health effects of these differences in marijuana users deserve careful consideration in future research.
Association of Distinct Mutational Signatures With Correlates of Increased Immune Activity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Importance Outcomes for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remain poor. Advances in next-generation sequencing provide a route to therapeutic approaches, and integrating DNA and RNA analysis with clinicopathologic data may be a crucial step toward personalized treatment strategies for this disease. Objective To classify PDAC according to distinct mutational processes, and explore their clinical significance. Design, Setting, and Participants We performed a retrospective cohort study of resected PDAC, using cases collected between 2008 and 2015 as part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium. The discovery cohort comprised 160 PDAC cases from 154 patients (148 primary; 12 metastases) that underwent tumor enrichment prior to whole-genome and RNA sequencing. The replication cohort comprised 95 primary PDAC cases that underwent whole-genome sequencing and expression microarray on bulk biospecimens. Main Outcomes and Measures Somatic mutations accumulate from sequence-specific processes creating signatures detectable by DNA sequencing. Using nonnegative matrix factorization, we measured the contribution of each signature to carcinogenesis, and used hierarchical clustering to subtype each cohort. We examined expression of antitumor immunity genes across subtypes to uncover biomarkers predictive of response to systemic therapies. Results The discovery cohort was 53% male (n = 79) and had a median age of 67 (interquartile range, 58-74) years. The replication cohort was 50% male (n = 48) and had a median age of 68 (interquartile range, 60-75) years. Five predominant mutational subtypes were identified that clustered PDAC into 4 major subtypes: age related, double-strand break repair, mismatch repair, and 1 with unknown etiology (signature 8). These were replicated and validated. Signatures were faithfully propagated from primaries to matched metastases, implying their stability during carcinogenesis. Twelve of 27 (45%) double-strand break repair cases lacked germline or somatic events in canonical homologous recombination genes—BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2. Double-strand break repair and mismatch repair subtypes were associated with increased expression of antitumor immunity, including activation of CD8-positive T lymphocytes (GZMA and PRF1) and overexpression of regulatory molecules (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death 1, and indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1), corresponding to higher frequency of somatic mutations and tumor-specific neoantigens. Conclusions and Relevance Signature-based subtyping may guide personalized therapy of PDAC in the context of biomarker-driven prospective trials.