Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Differentiation of High-grade Prostate Carcinoma From Urothelial Carcinoma

The histologic distinction between high-grade prostate cancer and infiltrating high-grade urothelial cancer may be difficult, and has significant implications because each disease may be treated very differently (ie, hormone therapy for prostate cancer and chemotherapy for urothelial cancer). Immunohistochemistry of novel and established prostatic and urothelial markers using tissue microarrays (TMAs) were studied. Prostatic markers studied included: prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostein (P501s), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), NKX3.1 (an androgen-related tumor suppressor gene), and proPSA (pPSA) (precursor form of PSA). “Urothelial markers” included high molecular weight cytokeratin (HMWCK), p63, thrombomodulin, and S100P (placental S100). TMAs contained 38 poorly differentiated prostate cancers [Gleason score 8 (n=2), Gleason score 9 (n=18), Gleason score 10 (n=18)] and 35 high-grade invasive urothelial carcinomas from radical prostatectomy and cystectomy specimens, respectively. Each case had 2 to 8 tissue spots (0.6-mm diameter). If all spots for a case showed negative staining, the case was called negative. The sensitivities for labeling prostate cancers were PSA (97.4%), P501S (100%), PSMA (92.1%), NKX3.1 (94.7%), and pPSA (94.7%). Because of PSA's high sensitivity on the TMA, we chose 41 additional poorly differentiated primary (N=36) and metastatic (N=5) prostate carcinomas which showed variable PSA staining at the time of diagnosis and performed immunohistochemistry on routine tissue sections. Compared to PSA, which on average showed 18.8% of cells with moderate to strong positivity, cases stained for P501S, PSMA, and NKX3.1 had on average 42.5%, 53.7%, 52.9% immunoreactivity, respectively. All prostatic markers showed excellent specificity. HMWCK, p63, thrombomodulin, and S100P showed lower sensitivities in labeling high-grade invasive urothelial cancer in the TMAs with 91.4%, 82.9%, 68.6%, and 71.4% staining, respectively. These urothelial markers were relatively specific with only a few prostate cancers showing scattered (≤2%) weak-moderate positive cells. In summary, PSA can be used as the first screening marker for differentiating high-grade prostate adenocarcinoma from high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry for P501S, PSMA, NKX3.1, and pPSA are useful when high-grade prostate cancer is suspected based on the morphology or clinical findings, yet shows negative or equivocal PSA staining. HMWCK and p63 are superior to the novel markers thrombomodulin and S100P.
Corneal and conjunctival sensitivity to air stimuli

Aims: To determine the repeatability of ocular surface sensitivity to mechanical stimulation using air stimuli and the effect of contact lens (CL) wear on sensitivity. Methods: Repeatability: 14 subjects (24–39 years) participated. Mechanical sensitivity to warmed (34°C) and ambient (20°C) air was measured for the central cornea (CC), inferior cornea (IC), and inferior conjunctiva (ICON). Measurements were taken on 12 days; six morning and six afternoon measurements. Differences between sites, time of day, and stimulus temperature were evaluated. CL wear: 10 subjects (22–30 years) participated. Measurements were taken at the same time of day, either following no wear, wear of a CL of oxygen permeability [Dk] of 28×10−9 [cm/s][ml O2/ml mm Hg] or wear of a CL of Dk 140×10−9 [cm/s][ml O2/ml mm Hg]. Differences between sites and wear conditions were evaluated. Results: Repeatability: Sensitivity varied between sites (p<0.01), time of day (p<0.05), and stimulus temperatures (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between days. Mean thresholds for eye temperature stimuli were; CC 64.4 (SD 28.6) ml/min; IC 84.6 (40.0) ml/min; ICON 120.6 (40.4) ml/min and for ambient temperature stimuli were CC 53.9 (16.0) ml/min, IC 59.0 (20.0) ml/min; ICON 72.6 (43.7) ml/min. CL wear: Sensitivity varied between sites and wear conditions (p<0.05). Conjunctival sensitivity was increased after wear of highly oxygen permeable CLs but unaffected by wear of low oxygen permeable CLs. Conclusions: The prototype gas aesthesiometer is able to repeatably measure ocular surface sensitivity and measurements are consistent with previously reported techniques.
The Linkage between Large Currency Swings and Fundamentals

The recent literature on exchange rates explains why macro fundamentals’based regressions and shorter term forecasts perform poorly due to the non-stationarity of the drivers and the high discount factor. In standard exchange rate models the shocks to fundamentals drive both the explanatory variables and the dependent variable. The larger shocks imply a strong connection between the exchange rate returns and the fundamentals. To uncover this linkage we estimate the asymptotic dependency between the variables. One third of the time, large swings in exchange rates are associated with large movements in the composite fundamentals.
The Expectations and Experiences of a Sojourning Temporary Resident Abroad: A Preliminary Study

This study investigated the relationship between the expectations of a group of sojourning Americans before they came to England, and their experience 6 months after arriving. Nearly 60 Americans were contacted before leaving and completed two questionnaires, one relating to their expectations and the other a measure of mental health. These expectations were related to various demographic variables, especially mental health. After 6 months, a number of sojourners were contacted who filled out a similar pair of questionnaires. Although there were few differences between expectations and experiences, mental health was associated with the larger differences between expectations and experiences. The results are discussed in terms of self-fulfilling prophecies. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
Combining Color and Texture for a Robust Interactive Segmentation Algorithm

This paper presents a new method to extract foreground using Graph-cut on color and texture combination. Traditional graph-cut algorithm only used intensity at pixel level, this amount of information is insufficient for complex situations in which objects are camouflaged or in uneven exposure condition. Our method makes use of texture additionally from dense SIFT sampling to segment robustly hard images, Graph-cut algorithm then fuses color and texture to build graph for optimization; and vector quantization will be also applied to avoid over-fitting problem and improve performance. Experiments on Mircrosoft Grabcut and hard cases in Berkeley and ETHZ datasets using our method show comparable segmentation results against the state-of-the-art method, and outperform in challenging images.
Beyond Main Effects Models of Adolescent Work Intensity, Family Closeness, and School Disengagement

This article reports findings from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study of American high school students on the putative influences of work of more than 20 hours per week and adolescents’ perceptions of family closeness on school behavior and grades. As previous research has been inconsistent regarding the relations among these variables, participants’self-reported closeness to their family of origin was examined as both a potential mediator and moderator of the relationship between work intensity and school disengagement. Next, work intensity was modeled as a moderator of the relation-ship between family closeness and concurrent school adjustment. For boys, the family closeness mediational model provided the best fit for the data. For girls, the moderator models provided a significantly better fit. Results imply that indirect models of work intensity, school outcomes, and the influence of the familial context in which adolescents are embedded may best clarify the relations among these variables.
Perfectionism in High-Ability Students: Relational Precursors and Influences on Achievement Motivation

The purpose of the present study was to create and test a model that (a) illustrated variables influencing the development of perfectionism, and (b) demonstrated how different types of perfectionism may influence the achievement goals of high-ability students. Using a multiple-groups path analysis, the researchers found that parenting style was related to attachment, with authoritative and permissive parenting associated with secure attachment and authoritarian and uninvolved parenting associated with insecure attachment. Attachment, in turn, was related to perfectionism, with insecure attachment associated with either self-oriented or socially prescribed perfectionism. In addition, the model then illustrated that perfectionism would influence achievement goals, with self-oriented perfectionists more likely to set mastery or performance-approach goals, and socially prescribed perfectionists more likely to set performance-approach or performance-avoidance goals. The findings of this study are interpreted in the context of the existing literature, and implications for working with high-ability perfectionistic students are discussed.
Hyperthyroidism in identical twins. Report of cases, one treated by surgery, the other by I-131.

HYPERTHYROIDISM in identical twins is extremely rare. Reviewing the world literature in 1941, Bartels 1 found 10 authenticated sets. Boas, in an article on hereditary exophthalmic goiter, 2 cites 4 reported pairs of twins, only 1 pair being males. This is another report of exophthalmic goiter in male identical twins. One brother developed the disease at 19 years of age, and the other followed within a year. Both had severe neutropenia while in the hyperthyroid state, prior to antithyroid drug therapy, and both neutrophil counts increased after definitive treatment of the thyroid disease. The first was cured by subtotal thyroidectomy. His brother proved more difficult to prepare for surgery—his neutrophil level dropped on antithyroid therapy—and he eventually was treated with radioactive iodine. Report of Cases Case 1. — A 19-year-old Negro man had been well until December, 1954, when he began having nervousness, insomnia, profuse perspiration, tremor, loose stools, and
The K153R Polymorphism in the Myostatin Gene and Muscle Power Phenotypes in Young, Non-Athletic Men

The Lys(K)153Arg(R) polymorphism in exon 2 (rs1805086, 2379 A>G replacement) of the myostatin (MSTN) gene is a candidate to influence skeletal muscle phenotypes. We examined the association between the MSTN K153R polymorphism and ‘explosive’ leg power, assessed during sprint (30 m) and stationary jumping tests [squat (SJ) and counter-movement jumps (CMJ)] in non-athletic young adults (University students) [n = 281 (214 men); age: 21–32 years]. We also genotyped the MSTN exonic variants E164K (rs35781413), I225T, and P198A, yet no subject carried any of these variant MSTN alleles. As for the K153R polymorphism, we found only one woman with the KR genotype; thus, we presented the results only for men. The results of a one-way ANCOVA (with age, weight and height entered as covariates) showed that men with the KR genotype (n = 15) had a worse performance in vertical jumps compared with those with the KK genotype [SJ: vertical displacement of center of gravity (CG) of 35.17±1.42 vs. 39.06±0.39 cm, respectively, P = 0.009; CMJ: vertical displacement of CG of 36.44±1.50 vs. 40.63±0.41 cm, respectively, P = 0.008]. The results persisted after adjusting for multiple comparisons according to Bonferroni. Performance in 30 m sprint tests did however not differ by K153R genotypes. In summary, the MSTN K153R polymorphism is associated with the ability to produce ‘peak’ power during muscle contractions, as assessed with vertical jump tests, in young non-athletic men. Although more research is still needed, this genetic variation is among the numerous candidates to explain, alone or in combination with other polymorphisms, individual variations in muscle phenotypes.
Adolescent Perceptions of Work and Home

High school students in Australia (n = 132), Portugal (n = 149), and the United States (n = 312) took the Salience Inventory, a measure of the relative importance of various life roles. A MANOVA analysis showed significant nation and sex effects. Australian students reported the highest work participation but the lowest work commitment. Portuguese students had the least work experience. Students in the United States reported the highest levels of commitment to home and had the lowest value expectations through work. Females in all three countries were more committed to work and to home than were males. Results were discussed in light of a changing economic and social environment.
Paternalistic leadership and employee voice: Does information sharing matter?

The study examined the impact of paternalistic leadership behaviors, including authoritarian, benevolent and moral leadership, and information sharing on employee voice and whether information sharing moderates the effects. Using a sample of 286 leader–follower dyads collected from a manufacturing firm, the results indicated that authoritarian leadership was negatively, and moral leadership positively, associated with employee voice. Also, the positive relationship between moral leadership and employee voice was stronger when employees received higher levels of information sharing. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Amelioration of brain damage by lidoflazine after prolonged ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest in dogs

Calcium entry blockers can ameliorate postischemic cerebral hypoperfusion, protect the myocardium against ischemia, and may protect against early postischemic neurologic deficit. This study documents that a calcium entry blocker, given after cardiac arrest, can ameliorate late postischemic neurologic deficit (ND). Thirty-four dogs received 10 min of ventricular fibrillation, restoration of spontaneous circulation by external cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and standard postarrest intensive care. Eleven of these dogs were given lidoflazine, 1 mg/kg body weight, within 10 min postarrest and again at 8 h and 16 h. Pupillary light reflexes, EEG activity, arterial-cerebrovenous oxygen gradients (O2 demand/supply ratios) and intracranial pressure were the same in both groups. After weaning from controlled ventilation at 24 h, ND scores improved consistently through the 96-h observation period in the lidoflazine-treated dogs. In the control group, ND scores were significantly higher than in the lidoflazine-treated dogs. In the lidoflazine-treated group, 5/11 dogs achieved normal overall performance and none remained comatose, whereas all control dogs had some deficit and 4/11 remained comatose. Delayed neurologic deterioration occurred in 6/ 11 control and 0/11 lidoflazine-treated dogs. Total mean cerebral histopathologic damage (HD) scores at 96 h were not significantly different between the two groups; however, individual HD scores and maximum cerebrospinal fluid (brain-specific) creatine-phosphokinase activity—which increases after brain insults—correlated well with 96-h ND scores. In the lidoflazine group, life-threatening dysrhythmias were less frequent and the norepinephrine requirement for blood pressure maintenance was the same as in the control group. Cardiac output remained at prearrest levels in the lidoflazinetreated dogs, but decreased in the control group, particularly during the first 4 h postarrest.
Sex differences in social support in sororities and fraternities

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to assess differences between sorority and fraternity members with regard to the social support provided by the “sisters”; and “brothers”; with whom they live. Based on sex differences in communication in general, and the few findings of sex differences in social support, two research questions were posed: Do members of sororities and fraternities differ in the social support they provide? How do the various types of social support compare with each other within fraternities and within sororities? Differences found in this study corroborate results of research on sex differences in communication that characterize women as using communication to connect with, support, and achieve closeness with others, and men using communication to accomplish some task and to assert their individuality. In general, differences were mostly confined to two of the eight types of social support studied: members of sororities, in comparison to members of fraternities, reported bei.
Education for Sustainable Development: An Empirical Study of the Tensions and Challenges Faced by Geography Student Teachers

This is a qualitative study of the challenges identified by geography student teachers in their learning to teach about education for sustainable development in English secondary schools. The student teachers were participating in a development and research study in the context of an established initial teacher education programme consisting of contributions from school-based and university partners. Data for a cohort of 19 post-graduate student teachers, from open proformas and follow-up interviews, were analysed to identify what the student teachers themselves saw as the challenges. Three main areas of challenge were identified and are discussed in depth, namely challenges related to the complexity of subject matter, to teaching and learning approaches and strategies, and to differences between student teachers’ beliefs about education for sustainable development and the context for their teaching. A conclusion draws on the nature of these challenges to suggest appropriate student teacher learning outcomes and activities for consideration by teacher educators.
Hereditary cancer syndrome: Part 2.--Psychosocial issues, concerns, and screening--results of a qualitative study.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To describe the feelings and concerns of family members with hereditary cancer syndrome (HCS) and their level of participation in prevention and early detection activities. DESIGN Qualitative methods; content analysis of interviews. SETTING Community, hospital-based cancer screening center with a special program of supportive services for families with HCS. SAMPLE Purposeful theoretical sampling produced a sample (n = 13) of people with HCS. Most were Caucasian women representing a variety of types of HCS. METHODS In-depth, unstructured, audiotaped interviews that lasted about 60 minutes. FINDINGS Five themes emerged: (a) issues regarding communication with health professionals, (b) relationships with family members, (c) financial concerns, (d) psychosocial concerns, and (e) participation in screening activities. CONCLUSIONS Individuals from families with HCS live with the knowledge that they have a high risk of developing malignancy. A true understanding of this risk may take time to comprehend. Many members of families with HCS require more education and support regarding cancer screening and prevention activities. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Nursing roles include being an educator on risk and early detection measures, a patient advocate, and a resource to all members of the family with HCS. Future nursing research can help identify specific psychosocial needs among different family members and specific psychosocial needs associated with different types of HCS.
Lesson of the week: Lumbar puncture still has an important role in diagnosing subarachnoid haemorrhage

An early diagnosis of subarachnoid haemorrhage is essential if patients are to undergo appropriate investigation and treatment. It is increasingly common for patients with suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage to initially undergo computed tomography. Although the procedure is sensitive and non-invasive, it does not detect every instance of subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lumbar puncture should be considered in patients who have an acute onset of headache and who are fully conscious but have a normal scan or when the hospital does not have access to a computed tomographic scanner. We report on two patients in whom an early diagnosis of subarachnoid haemorrhage was missed because they did not undergo lumbar puncture. Case 1 —A 58 year old man had lost consciousness for one minute. On recovery he had a severe headache and bloodstained vomitus. He was admitted to hospital and given intramuscular opiates for pain relief. Haematemesis was provisionally diagnosed. His initial symptoms were attributed to possible alcohol withdrawal and treatment with diazepam was started. Two days later his headache had not improved. Subarachnoid haemorrhage was suspected, and he was booked in for a routine computed tomography, the earliest appointment being two days later. On the next day, however, he became unconscious and had a fixed, dilated …
College Classroom Seating Position and Changes in Achievement Motivation over a Semester

College students in freshman courses were given an inventory measuring achievement motivation at the beginning of the semester and again at the end. Consistent with previous findings, achievement motivation scores at the beginning of the semester were higher for students sitting in the front third of the classroom than for those sitting in the back two-thirds. Their higher scores were maintained at the end of the semester. It was inferred that the personal traits in achievement motivation disposed these students to choose to sit in the front or back of a classroom.
Securing web content and services in open source content management systems

Content management systems (CMS) are information systems designed dominantly for managing different types of publicly available web content although they could be used for various other purposes. Today, CMS open source solutions are one of the most popular platforms for developing web sites, portals, web shops and other publicly available content and services. Main problem in this area is lack of proper understanding of security issues and procedures which are frequently leaving content and services vulnerable for various types of attacks. This work focuses on risk analysis of main CMS open source systems from the point of security of data and services. Usual “points of failure” are analyzed, compared to similar solutions and final measures for full protection are proposed.
Effects of Sex Role in a Maximizing Difference Game

Same-sex dyads of Canadian males and females and mixed-sex dyads played 100 trials of a maximizing difference game in a replication of an experiment which used Flemish subjects performed by McNeel et al. (1972). It was found, in contrast to the Belgian investigation, and in line with earlier experiments in the United States which had used the Prisoner's Dilemma game, that the like-sex female dyads were most competitive, followed by the like-sex male dyads. The males and females in the mixed-sex dyads were least competitive and not different from one another. Simply being paired with a female had an immediate effect on the males but the females appeared to be more affected by the response strategy of the males. It was argued that the most likely factor accounting for the results was the greater use of "tit-for-tat" responding by the males. Research concerned with cultural differences and the antecedents of strategy preferences is suggested.