Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative trait locus mapping in dairy cattle by means of selective milk DNA pooling using dinucleotide microsatellite markers: analysis of milk protein percentage.

"Selective DNA pooling" accomplishes quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping through densitometric estimates of marker allele frequencies in pooled DNA samples of phenotypically extreme individuals. With poly(TG) microsatellites, such estimates are confounded by "shadow" ("stutter") bands. A correction procedure was developed on the basis of an observed linear regression between shadow band intensity and allele TG repeat number. Using this procedure, a selective DNA pooling study with respect to milk protein percentage was implemented in Israel-Holstein dairy cattle. Pools were prepared from milk samples of high and low daughters of each of seven sires and genotyped with respect to 11 markers. Highly significant associations with milk protein percentage were found for 5 of the markers; 4 of these markers confirmed previous reports. Selective DNA pooling accessed 80.6 and 48.3%, respectively, of the information that would have been available through individual selective genotyping or total population genotyping. In effect, the statistical power of 45,600 individual genotypings was obtained from 328 pool genotypings. This methodology can make genome-wide mapping of QTL accessible to moderately sized breeding organizations.
The Type of Forage Substrate Preparation Included as Substrate in a RUSITEC System Affects the Ruminal Microbiota and Fermentation Characteristics

In vitro fermentation systems such as the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) are frequently used to assess dietary manipulations in livestock, thereby limiting the use of live animals. Despite being in use for nearly 40 years, improvements are continually sought in these systems to better reflect and mimic natural processes in ruminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of forage preparation, i.e., frozen minced (FM) and freeze-dried and ground (FDG), on the ruminal microbiota and on fermentation characteristics when included as a substrate in a RUSITEC system. A completely randomized design experiment was performed over a 15-day period, with 7 days of adaptation and an 8-day experimental period. Fermentation parameters (total gas, CH4, and volatile fatty acid production) were analyzed on a daily basis over the experimental period and the archaeal and bacterial microbiota (liquid-associated microbes [LAM] and solid-associated microbes [SAM] was assessed at 0, 5, 10, and 15 days using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Results from this study suggested a tendency (P = 0.09) of FM treatment to increase daily CH4 (mg/d) production by 16.7% when compared with FDG treatment. Of the major volatile fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), only butyrate production was greater (P = 0.01) with FM treatment compared with FDG substrate. The archaeal and bacterial diversity and richness did not differ between the forage preparations, although feed particle size of the forage had a significant effect on microbial community structure in the SAM and LAM samples. The Bacteroidetes phylum was more relatively abundant in the FM substrate treatment, while Proteobacteria was enriched in the FDG treatment. At the genus-level, Butyrivibrio, Prevotella, and Roseburia were enriched in the FM substrate treatment and Campylobacter and Lactobacillus in the FDG substrate treatment. Evidence from this study suggests that forage preparation affects CH4 production, butyrate production, and the structure of the rumen microbiota during in vitro fermentation.
Validation of a wireless head acceleration measurement system for use in soccer play.

Soccer heading has been studied previously with conflicting results. One major issue is the lack of knowledge regarding what actually occurs biomechanically during soccer heading impacts. The purpose of the current study is to validate a wireless head acceleration measurement system, head impact telemetry system (HITS) that can be used to collect head accelerations during soccer play. The HIT system was fitted to a Hybrid III (HIII) head form that was instrumented with a 3-2-2-2 accelerometer setup. Fifteen impact conditions were tested to simulate impacts commonly experienced during soccer play. Linear and angular acceleration were calculated for both systems and compared. Root mean square (RMS) error and cross correlations were also calculated and compared for both systems. Cross correlation values were very strong with r = . 95 ± 0.02 for ball to head forehead impacts and r = . 96 ± 0.02 for head to head forehead impacts. The systems showed a strong relationship when comparing RMS error, linear head acceleration, angular head acceleration, and the cross correlation values.
A Functional MRI Study of Happy and Sad Emotions in Music with and without Lyrics

Musical emotions, such as happiness and sadness, have been investigated using instrumental music devoid of linguistic content. However, pop and rock, the most common musical genres, utilize lyrics for conveying emotions. Using participants’ self-selected musical excerpts, we studied their behavior and brain responses to elucidate how lyrics interact with musical emotion processing, as reflected by emotion recognition and activation of limbic areas involved in affective experience. We extracted samples from subjects’ selections of sad and happy pieces and sorted them according to the presence of lyrics. Acoustic feature analysis showed that music with lyrics differed from music without lyrics in spectral centroid, a feature related to perceptual brightness, whereas sad music with lyrics did not diverge from happy music without lyrics, indicating the role of other factors in emotion classification. Behavioral ratings revealed that happy music without lyrics induced stronger positive emotions than happy music with lyrics. We also acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data while subjects performed affective tasks regarding the music. First, using ecological and acoustically variable stimuli, we broadened previous findings about the brain processing of musical emotions and of songs versus instrumental music. Additionally, contrasts between sad music with versus without lyrics recruited the parahippocampal gyrus, the amygdala, the claustrum, the putamen, the precentral gyrus, the medial and inferior frontal gyri (including Broca’s area), and the auditory cortex, while the reverse contrast produced no activations. Happy music without lyrics activated structures of the limbic system and the right pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, whereas auditory regions alone responded to happy music with lyrics. These findings point to the role of acoustic cues for the experience of happiness in music and to the importance of lyrics for sad musical emotions.
Athletes' Regulation of Emotions Experienced During Competition: A Naturalistic Video-Assisted Study

This study aimed to identify the type and effectiveness of emotional regulation strategies used by table tennis players to manage their emotions experienced during competition. Using a naturalistic video-assisted approach, 30 interviews were conducted with 11 national table tennis players. Ten emotions were identified in the participants’ transcriptions: anger, anxiety, discouragement, disappointment, disgust, joy, serenity, relief, hope, and pride. Qualitative analyses of participants’ transcriptions revealed the emergence of 4 categories pertaining to emotion regulation: (a) regulation efforts comprising: (i) antecedent-focused regulation (e.g., attention deployment, cognitive change); (ii) response-focused regulation (e.g., behavioral regulation, physiological regulation); and (iii) social support; (b) automatic regulation; (c) no regulation; and (d) regulation effectiveness. Quantitative analyses of participants’ transcriptions revealed that: (a) attention deployment strategies emerged as the emotional regulation strategies the most used by participants; (b) some strategies were preferentially used to manage particular emotions during competition (e.g., physiological regulation strategies were essentially used to manage anxiety); (c) automaticity of emotion regulation was strongly associated with a high perceived effectiveness; (d) automatic strategies were associated with specific emotions such as joy, relief, or anger; (e) positive emotions were almost always managed well; (f) a large variability in the emotional regulation effectiveness of negative emotions appeared; disgust, discouragement, and anxiety being the emotions the least efficaciously regulated; and (g) athletes who rated selected emotional regulation strategies as effective really performed well and those who rated selected emotional regulation strategies as ineffective really failed to perform up to their potential.
Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of aurasperone A and fonsecinone A, two bis‐naphthopyrones produced by Aspergillus aculeatus

Complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts of the polyketides aurasperone A and fonsecinone A were made by means of nuclear Overhauser enhancement and heteronuclear NMR correlation experiments. These compounds were isolated for the first time from Aspergillus aculeatus, an endophytic fungus obtained from leaves of Melia azedarach(Meliaceae). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Relation Between Different Facets of Creativity and the Dark Side of Personality

This study examined the relation between different facets of creativity and personality, focusing on the dark side of personality. In a sample of 247 students, psychometric measures for the assessment of the dark triad of personality (subclinical narcissism, Machiavellianism, subclinical psychopathy), personality organization (structural deficit: identity diffusion, primitive defenses, reality testing), and the conventional 5 Factor personality variables were administered. Creativity was operationalized via divergent thinking measures and via self-assessment creativity scales. Regression analyses revealed openness as strongest predictor for both self-estimated creativity and divergent thinking performance. Self-estimated creativity was also significantly predicted by narcissism and reduced reality testing. Correlational analyses further revealed that divergent thinking performance was weakly negatively correlated with Machiavellianism and subclinical psychopathy, but it was positively associated with openness and extraversion. According to our findings, facets of the bright side of personality (such as openness) seem to have a much stronger link to creativity than less desirable personality traits do.
PDGFRβ Is a Novel Marker of Stromal Activation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAFs) form the main constituents of tumor stroma and play an important role in tumor growth and invasion. The presence of CAFs is a strong predictor of poor prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Despite significant progress in determining the role of CAFs in tumor progression, the mechanisms contributing to their activation remain poorly characterized, in part due to fibroblast heterogeneity and the scarcity of reliable fibroblast surface markers. To search for such markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we applied a novel approach that uses RNA-sequencing data derived from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). Specifically, our strategy allowed for an unbiased identification of genes whose expression was closely associated with a set of bona fide stroma-specific transcripts, namely the interstitial collagens COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1. Among the top hits were genes involved in cellular matrix remodeling and tumor invasion and migration, including platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), which was found to be the highest-ranking receptor protein genome-wide. Similar analyses performed on ten additional TCGA cancer datasets revealed that other tumor types shared CAF markers with OSCC, including PDGFRβ, which was found to significantly correlate with the reference collagen expression in ten of the 11 cancer types tested. Subsequent immunostaining of OSCC specimens demonstrated that PDGFRβ was abundantly expressed in stromal fibroblasts of all tested cases (12/12), while it was absent in tumor cells, with greater specificity than other known markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin or podoplanin (3/11). Overall, this study identified PDGFRβ as a novel marker of stromal activation in OSCC, and further characterized a list of promising candidate CAF markers that may be relevant to other carcinomas. Our novel approach provides for a fast and accurate method to identify CAF markers without the need for large-scale immunostaining experiments.
Evaluation of factors contributed in nonadherence to medication therapy in children asthma.

Asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory disorders in children. Nonadherence to medical therapy is a major cause of poor clinical outcome the objective of this study was evaluating factors, which are resulted in nonadherence to medical therapy in children with asthma.In this descriptive study, 150 children with asthma and nonadherent to medication therapy were enrolled. General information and probable causes of nonadherence were recorded in self-report questionnaire and data were analyzed. In our study, 57.3% of children were male. Approximately 43%of children belonged to age group 6-9 years old. Prevalence of probable causes of nonadherence to treatment were concern about treatment expenses(34.7%) ,fear of cardiac complications(34.7%), concern about drug dependency(38.7%), belief to growth inhibition(30.7%) and fear of osteopenia (32%). There was statistically significant reverse association between treatment with multi-drug regimens and concern about bone mineral abnormalities, cardiac complications and drug dependency (p=0.0001, 0.014 and 0.012 respectively). In addition, there was a significant association between mild asthma and fear about drug dependency (p=0.001). According to our results, factors such as prolonged duration of treatment, various therapeutic regimens, and receiving multiple drugs before diagnosis of asthma pose the highest frequencies for nonadherence.
Validity judgments of rumors heard multiple times: the shape of the truth effect

Abstract Research on the illusory truth effect has found that repeated presentation of uncertain statements increases validity judgments of those statements. Three experiments explored the shape of the repetition–validity–judgment relationship over multiple repetitions, the mediating role of processing fluency, and the moderating role of dispositional skepticism. Participants read narratives in which different rumors were repeated 0–6 or 0–9 times; validity estimates, processing fluency, and dispositional skepticism were also measured. Validity judgments were logarithmically related to repetitions; this effect was mediated by processing fluency, and moderated slightly by skepticism. Results explore the boundaries of the processing fluency contrast account of the illusory truth effect, suggest a minor role for skepticism, and inform research on belief in rumor (uncertain statements in circulation).
Prescribing psychotropic medication for elderly patients: some physicians' perspectives.

BACKGROUND The inappropriate use of psychotropic medication is widespread and has potential consequences for the autonomy of elderly people. This study explored physicians' perceptions and attitudes and the decision-making process associated with prescribing psychotropic medications for elderly patients. METHODS In this qualitative study conducted between February and April 1996, 9 of 12 physicians who offered consultation services for elderly people in private apartment buildings in a suburban region of Montreal were interviewed. The transcripts of the interviews were analysed quantitatively using an iterative process. The authors assessed the physicians' perceptions of the elderly patient population, the decision-making process leading to the prescription of psychotropic medication and the nature of follow-up. RESULTS All of the physicians interviewed perceived the aging process as a negative experience and stated that the long-term use of psychotropic medication is justified by the distress of their aging patients and the few negative side effects that are noticed. Most said that, when they re-prescribe, they see their role as a "gatekeeper" to monitor and control the type and quantity of medication prescribed. Most physicians felt that the solutions to the inappropriate prescribing of psychotropic medication were beyond the scope of the individual physician. INTERPRETATION Physicians interviewed in this study had a patient-centered perspective. From a public health viewpoint this calls for an innovative approach to involve physicians in a multidisciplinary intervention strategy to examine the inappropriate use of psychotropic medication among elderly patients.
THE USE OF DISCOVERY LEARNING STRATEGY IN TEACHING READING REPORT TEXTS TO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Abstract Penulisan makalah ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kemampuan membaca teks siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) yang masih rendah. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, diantaranya seperti kurangnya pengetahuan dasar siswa tentang topik yang dibahas dan kurangnya penguasaan kosakata mereka. Dari guru, sebagian mereka kurang mengaitkan antara penjelasan topik dengan kehidupan nyata siswa dan mereka juga cenderung menggunakan strategi yang sama pada teks yang berbeda. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penulis memperkenalkan strategi discovery learning, yang akan membantu siswa SMA dalam memahami teks report. Strategi discovery learning adalah strategi yang mengharuskan siswanya untuk menemukan sendiri informasi topik yang dipelajarinya melalui enam tahapan kegiatan, yakni stimulation, problem statement, data collection, data processing, verification, dan generalization. Langkah pengajaran yang dilalui adalah sesuai dengan pendekatan scientific yakni observing, questioning, information collecting, associating, dan communicating. Adapun keuntungan dari strategi ini adalah: 1) memperkaya pengetahuan dasar dan kosakata siswa , 2) memotivasi siswa untuk belajar 3) membuat rasa ingin tahu siswa berkembang , 4) membuat siswa menjadi lebih kreatif , 5) mengajarkan ilmu sekaligus skil kepada siswa , 6) dan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa. Pada akhirnya, penulis berharap agar guru bisa menggunakan strategi ini sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam mengajarkan kemampuan membaca teks report kepada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Key words: Reading, Report Text, Teaching Reading to Senior High School Students, Discovery Learning Strategy
Epidemiology of Multiple Sclerosis in Glasgow

Abstract Study objective: The objectives of the study were to establish the prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in Glasgow and to assess the epidemiological importance of deprivation and ethnicity. Design: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Multiple sources of ascertainment were used to identify cases. Setting and patients: The study was carried out in the population of three Local Health Care Cooperatives (LHCCs) in the area of Greater Glasgow NHS Board. The total population was approximately 169,000. Main results: In total, 245 patients with multiple sclerosis were identified. The mean age of patients was 49.8 years, the female to male ratio was 3.2:1, and the mean duration of disease was 16 years. The overall prevalence was 14.5 per 10,000, and the overall incidence 5.7 per 100,000 per year. Both the prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis were higher in the more affluent population. The crude prevalence in the Asian population was 6.3 per 10,000. Conclusions: The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Glasgow was similar, in most respects, to the epidemiology described in other parts of the U.K. There was evidence for the importance of deprivation as a determinant of both incidence and prevalence of disease. The reasons for the higher incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in less deprived populations are not clear.
China's Exchange Rate Policy and Asian Trade

This paper shows empirically that China's trade balance is sensitive to fluctuations in the real effective exchange rate of the renminbi. However, the current size of the trade surplus is such that exchange rate policy alone will probably not be able to address the imbalance. The potential reduction in the trade surplus resulting from an increase in the renminbi exchange rate is limited mainly because Chinese imports do not react as expected to a renminbi appreciation - they tend to fall rather than increase. By estimating bilateral import equations for China and its major trade partners, we find that the reaction for imports is generally confirmed for China's trade with Southeast Asian countries. That result might be attributable to Asia's vertical integration, as a large share of Chinese imports from Southeast Asia are re-exported. We also find that total exports from a number of Asian countries react negatively to a renminbi appreciation, which points to a dependence of Asian countries' exports on those of China.
Diagnosis of vertical velocities in the upper ocean from high resolution sea surface height

A surface Quasi‐Geostrophy based (eSQG) method to diagnose the vertical velocity field from Sea Surface Height (SSH) is assessed using high resolution simulations. These simulations concern a turbulent eddy field with large Rossby numbers and energetic wind‐driven motions. Results indicate that low‐frequency vertical velocities (and also horizontal motions) can be reconstructed within a range of scales between 20 km and 400 km from the surface down to 500 m. The only information needed is a single high‐resolution SSH snapshot and information on the large‐scale vertical stratification. Inertial motions are naturally filtered because they do not contaminate SSH as we demonstrate. These results are encouraging and further strengthen previous studies using the eSQG method. They indicate that access to high resolution SSH may represent a major advance to retrieve horizontal and vertical fluxes of any tracer in the upper ocean.
Brief instrumental school-based mentoring for middle school students: theory and impact

Abstract This study evaluated the efficacy of an intentionally brief school-based mentoring program. This academic goal-focused mentoring program was developed through a series of iterative randomized controlled trials, and is informed by research in social cognitive theory, cognitive dissonance theory, motivational interviewing, and research in academic enablers. In previous research, the program was found to produce effects on students’ math grades, life satisfaction, and disruptive behavior. In the current study, a revised version of the program was tested in a randomized controlled trial, wherein 72 middle school students were randomly assigned to receive an eight-week mentoring curriculum, or to a no-treatment control. Following the treatment, middle school students who participated in the mentoring curriculum had statistically significantly higher math grades (d = .42), English grades (d = .59), life satisfaction (d = .49), and . 82 fewer absences. Small, but not statistically significant effects were also found for science (d = .25) and history (d = .15). Near zero effects were found for behavioral infractions.
Optimal visual servoed guidance of outdoor autonomous robotic airships

This paper describes a visual servo control scheme for an outdoor autonomous airship in path following tasks. The visual based guidance takes full authority of the robotic airship and it is based on lines as image features, extracted from an on-board camera. An optimal controller is designed using the dynamic model of the system, which tackles the dynamics of the airship and the dynamics of the vision process. To prevent from losing image features during camera motion and to deal with noisy output measurements and modeling inaccuracies, a Kalman estimator was employed. The approach is validated through simulations using the underactuated airship of the AURORA project.