Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Framework of early adopters’ incipient and innovative ideas and chance discovery

ABSTRACT The innovative diffusion theory indicates that the key to success of businesses is the innovative ideas of the early adopters. Furthermore, the early adopters’ documents on the Internet were extremely rare; the traditional associative analyses in text mining tend to ignore these useful ideas of the early adopters. In this study, a framework was proposed, which uses low-term frequency (TF), low-term frequency with inverse document frequency and low TF with the inverse clusters frequency, to acquire rare connections between low-frequency terms, to extract early adopters’ incipient and innovative ideas. This new proposed framework amplifies the rare chance to find potential terms which are valuable for businesses’ future. Finally, some observed data obtained from the passengers on airplanes or trains were used to extract the innovative ideas from early adopters. By putting the data into a business scenario, a case study was presented and the feasibility of the framework can therefore be checked by experts. A comparison has been made between the proposed framework and chance discovery. The experimental result evidences that the results in the new framework are more effective than the outcomes of chance discovery method to sift out incipient ideas.
The Influence of Childhood Aerobic Fitness on Learning and Memory

Introduction There is a growing trend of inactivity among children, which may not only result in poorer physical health, but also poorer cognitive health. Previous research has shown that lower fitness has been related to decreased cognitive function for tasks requiring perception, memory, and cognitive control as well as lower academic achievement. Purpose To investigate the relationship between aerobic fitness, learning, and memory on a task that involved remembering names and locations on a fictitious map. Different learning strategies and recall procedures were employed to better understand fitness effects on learning novel material. Methods Forty-eight 9–10 year old children (n = 24 high fit; HF and n = 24 low fit; LF) performed a task requiring them to learn the names of specific regions on a map, under two learning conditions in which they only studied (SO) versus a condition in which they were tested during study (TS). The retention day occurred one day after initial learning and involved two different recall conditions: free recall and cued recall. Results There were no differences in performance at initial learning between higher fit and lower fit participants. However, during the retention session higher fit children outperformed lower fit children, particularly when the initial learning strategy involved relatively poor recall performance (i.e., study only versus test-study strategy). Conclusions We interpret these novel data to suggest that fitness can boost learning and memory of children and that these fitness-associated performance benefits are largest in conditions in which initial learning is the most challenging. Such data have important implications for both educational practice and policy.
Prevalence and factors associated with gluten sensitivity in inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Objectives: Gluten sensitivity (GS) arises with celiac disease and has also been found in non-celiac disorders, although its characteristics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are unclear. This study evaluated the prevalence of GS and factors associated with GS in IBD. Methods: Adult IBD patients at a tertiary-care medical center completed a survey of their demographics, medical history, family history, social history and symptoms. Data on IBD characteristics were abstracted from the medical records. Descriptive analyses estimated the prevalence of GS. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between GS and patient or disease factors. Results: Of 102 IBD patients (55 Crohn’s disease [CD], 46 ulcerative colitis [UC] and 3 IBD-unclassified), GS was reported in 23.6 and 27.3% of CD and UC patients, respectively. Common symptoms included fatigue, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating and hematochezia. There was no difference in these symptoms when comparing patients with and without GS. When evaluating IBD-related factors, GS was associated with having had a recent flare (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–34.1), stenotic disease in CD (aOR 4.7; 95% CI 1.1–20.2) and dermatologic manifestations (aOR 5.5; 95% CI 1.2–24.1). Conclusion: GS was common in IBD and associated with having had a recent flare. GS may be transient for some patients, whereby dietary recommendations during and after a flare could focus on the avoidance of specific food triggers with possible reintroduction of these foods over time. This study prompts further prospective investigation into the temporal evolution of GS in IBD.
Static Water Absorption in Fabrics of Different Pile Height

to the loop pile facilitating water absorption, which is thanks to the developed surface. The pile height together with a large density determines the product’s full bulky handle [2]. The sorptiondesorption process is very important to maintain the microclimate during transient conditions [3]. The behaviour of textile in contact with liquid plays an important role in determining clothing performance and in maintaining body comfort [4]. The thermal comfort of clothing is associated with the thermal balance of the human body as well as with thermal responses to interactions with the textile and environment system [5]. In this case the air permeability of terry textile also plays a significant role [6, 7]. The heterogeneity of pore size, shape and orientation affects the penetration of liquid into the yarn structure and, hence, its liquid retention properties, as exhibited by textured filament yarns [8]. In [2] it was determined how the level of water sorption ability and handle depends on the kind of raw material used, the terry fabric’s structure and finishing. Fabrics with cotton, cotton-linen, and cottonhemp pile were investigated. The average water sorption ability of the fabrics after washing increases by over 10%, but this difference is not statistically significant. The fabric’s compression ability was calculated using the free sample thickness after washing and the thickness of the washed sample after compression loading with a force of 1 N/m2. The effect of terry fabric parameters on water absorption properties using various
Body mass index, abdominal obesity, body fat and migraine features in women.

BACKGROUND Studies seeking to establish an association between migraine and anthropometric parameters have thus far been inconclusive. Furthermore, drugs used for migraine prophylaxis may be associated with changes in body weight. OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential association of anthropometric parameters and body fat percentage with attack patterns and use of prophylactic medication in migraineurs. METHODS Cross-sectional study that assessed the body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage and related clinical variables (characteristics of attacks and the use of prophylactic medication) in female outpatients with migraine. RESULTS 166 female migraineurs aged ≥18 years (mean age, 45 ± 14 years) were included in the study. Migraine without aura was most prevalent (71.7%). Mean body mass index and body fat percentage were 27.8±6.0 kg/m² and 36.4 ± 8.3% respectively. Body mass index and waist circumference were weakly correlated with frequency of attacks over 6 months (rs = 0.162, p < 0.05 and rs = 0.187, p < 0.05 respectively). These correlations remains weak considering only premenopausal women, but disappear in the older women. Stratification of analysis by migraine type field shows a moderate correlation between migraine with aura and frequency of attacks over 6 months and body mass index (rs = 0.369, p < 0.05), as well as waist circumference (rs = 0.423, p < 0.01). Patients who were on prophylactic medication had higher body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage values (p < 0.01, Student t-test). CONCLUSION This study revealed a potential, though tenuous association between migraine and anthropometric parameters and frequency of attacks, which does not reflect on the duration, severity, and disability of attacks, with patterns differing by migraine type, reproductive age and prophylactic medication.
PASTEURIZATION OF MILK

Abstract. We determined the time it takes milk, which is heated from 60°F to 150°F, to achieve pasteurization and compared this result with the standard pasteurization process of heating milk at a constant temperature of 150°F for 30 minutes. Instead of directly quantifying the bacterium population, we considered the bacteria to milk concentration ratio. To solve for the unknown time, we equated the final bacterium concentration ratio achieved through both varied temperature and constant temperature. After equating the final pasteurization concentrations we were unable to find an analytical solution, so we used numerical techniques to find the unknown heating time.
The effect of surface roughness on the performance of finishes. Part 1. Roughness characterization and stain performance.

In this study, the relationship between the morphological structure of the outside wood layer expressed as surface roughness, and the performance of coatings was analyzed. The surface roughness of five roughness categories (processed by planing, sanding, and bandsawing) on three wood substrates (vertical- and flat-grained western redcedar and flat-grained southern yellow pine) was determined by stylus tracer measurements. Several surface parameters were calculated to characterize the five roughness grades. Surface sanding proved to be an advantageous processing step prior to paint application. Sanded surfaces needed a relatively low quantity of paint for coverage and showed best paint performances even on low-grade wood.
Human Papillomavirus DNA Methylation as a Biomarker for Cervical Precancer: Consistency across 12 Genotypes and Potential Impact on Management of HPV-Positive Women

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA methylation testing is a promising triage option for women testing HPV positive during cervical cancer screening. However, the extent to which methylation indicates precancer for all 12 carcinogenic HPV types has not been evaluated. Experimental Design: In this nested case–control study, we tested up to 30 cases of precancer [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3)/adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)] and 30 normal controls for each carcinogenic type (single infections with 16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59). Next-generation bisulfite sequencing was performed on CpG sites within the L1 and L2 genes. We calculated differences in methylation, ORs, and AUC. Using a fixed sensitivity of 80%, we evaluated the specificity and the risk of CIN3/AIS for best performing CpG sites, and compared the performance of an explorative multi-type methylation assay with current triage strategies. Results: Methylation was positively associated with CIN3/AIS across all 12 types. AUCs for the top sites ranged from 0.71 (HPV51 and HPV56) to 0.86 (HPV18). A combined 12-type methylation assay had the highest Youden index (0.46), compared with cytology (0.31) and a 5-type methylation assay, including only previously described types (0.26). The 12-type methylation assay had higher sensitivity (80% vs. 76.6%) and lower test positivity compared with cytology (38.5% vs. 48.7%). The risk of CIN3/AIS was highest for methylation positives and lowest for cytology or HPV16/18 positives. Conclusions: HPV DNA methylation is a general phenomenon marking the transition from HPV infection to precancer for all 12 carcinogenic types. Development of a combined multitype methylation assay may serve as a triage test for HPV-positive women. Clin Cancer Res; 24(9); 2194–202. ©2018 AACR.
Development of new interatomic potentials appropriate for crystalline and liquid iron

Two procedures were developed to fit interatomic potentials of the embedded-atom method (EAM) form and applied to determine a potential which describes crystalline and liquid iron. While both procedures use perfect crystal and crystal defect data, the first procedure also employs the first-principles forces in a model liquid and the second procedure uses experimental liquid structure factor data. These additional types of information were incorporated to ensure more reasonable descriptions of atomic interactions at small separations than is provided using standard approaches, such as fitting to the universal binding energy relation. The new potentials (provided herein) are, on average, in better agreement with the experimental or first-principles lattice parameter, elastic constants, point-defect energies, bcc–fcc transformation energy, liquid density, liquid structure factor, melting temperature and other properties than other existing EAM iron potentials.
Highly Optimized Complementary Inverters Based on p-SnO and n-InGaZnO With High Uniformity

Oxide semiconductors are desirable for large-area and/or flexible electronics. Here, we report highly optimized complementary inverters based on n-type indium–gallium–zinc oxide and p-type tin monoxide thin-film transistors. Oxide-based inverters with a record voltage gain of 142 have been achieved. The switching point voltage has also been tuned to reach the ideal value, namely half value of the supply voltage. A narrow transition width of 1.04 V (13% of the supply voltage) is achieved which offers a strong anti-jamming ability to avoid logic errors. Rail-to-rail output voltage swing has been achieved. The inverters still maintain high performance at a low supply voltage of 6 V. A very large number of inverters have been fabricated and showed excellent uniformity in a working area of 1 cm $\times $ 1 cm. The switching point voltage and transition width show very small standard deviations of only 0.55% (0.022 V) and 2.3% (0.024 V), respectively, demonstrating promises for large-scale circuit integration.
Autoreactive T Cells in Immunopathogenesis of TB-Associated Uveitis.

Purpose Intraocular inflammation in tuberculosis-associated uveitis (TBU) is usually widespread, and responds unpredictably to treatment. Herein, we analyze the intraocular T-cell response in TBU for its surface phenotype, antigenic specificity, and functional characteristics to explain the above observations. Methods We isolated T cells from vitreous humor samples of patients with TBU and non-TB uveitis (controls). These were directly stained for surface markers CD4, CD8, CD45RO, CD45RA, CCR7, as well as intracellular cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 and analyzed on flow cytometry. Antigenic specificity was determined by activating with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigen Early Secreted Antigenic Target-6 (ESAT-6) or retinal crude extract (RCE). Activation-induced cell death (AICD) characteristics of each T-cell population were analyzed by staining for PI-Annexin V, Fas-FasL, phospho-Akt, and phospho-Erk1/2. Results Immunophenotyping of vitreous humor samples demonstrated polyfunctional effector and central memory CD4+ T helper cells coexpressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. Both ESAT-6 and RCE (autoreactive) specificity was found in T cells extracted from TBU samples; however, the mycobacterial and autoreactive T-cell populations differed in their sensitivity to AICD. Autoreactive T cells appeared to resist AICD through decreased expression of apoptotic markers, FasL and caspase-3, sustained phosphorylation of Akt, and lowered Erk1/2 activity. Conclusions Autoreactive T cells are present in TBU eyes and are relatively resistant to AICD. An understanding of this epiphenomenon could be crucial in planning treatment of TBU patients, and interpreting response to anti-TB therapy.
Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Orange Peels

The sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis (L.)) are a very commonly growing tree fruit in the world. The present work explores the possibility of separation of essential oils and pectin from the orange peels. It is found from the experimental observations that the peel source, for extraction of pectin, when taken after extracting orange oil through simple distillation gives higher yield than leaching residue [1]. This work uses Soxhlet extraction for the extraction of oil and the pectin is extracted by acid extraction method from the remaining peels. Strong acids are corrosive and may be a potential threat to health. Moreover, the liquid waste generated from the industrial processes might lead to burden the environment and a high cost might incur for treating the strong acidic waste [2]. Varying pH solutions of citric acid are used for the pectin extraction. The effect of pH of the acid solutions and mesh size of the orange peels on pectin yield and composition was studied in a citric acid extraction process. The pectin yield and degree of esterification (DE) of the extracted pectin ranged from 7.3 to 52.90% and 5.1 to 71.0% respectively. It was found that extraction pH was the most important parameter influencing yield. These results demonstrate the successful extraction of essential oil and pectin, providing potential benefits for industrial extraction of pectin from an economic and environmental point of view.
Bioremediation of diesel fuel by fungal consortium using statistical experimental designs

The ability of different local fungal isolates to degrade diesel fuel in liquid medium was studied. The results showed that the percent of diesel degradation varied among the different tested fungi and that 92-100% of diesel was degraded after 7 days in presence of 0.2% (v/v) of tween 80. The degradation process by A. ustus and A. alternata was significantly influenced by the incubation period, and 7 days of incubation was sufficient for complete diesel degradation. As the diesel fuel concentration increased up to 6% (v/v), more than 75% was degraded by the two strains. The degradation process was enhanced using fungal consortium of A. alternata and A. ustus at different inoculum sizes and elevated surfactant (tween 80) levels. Statistical experimental designs were used to optimize the process of diesel degradation by the fungal consortium. Under optimized medium compositions and culture conditions, overwhelming degradation increase (100%) for 4 mL of diesel/25 mL medium (16%, v/v) was recorded. Optimal conditions obtained in this work provided a solid foundation for further use of the fungal consortium (A. alternata and A. ustus ) in treatment of diesel polluted soil. The consortium under the optimized conditions efficiently degraded diesel polluted soil, 12.5% (v/w), after 35 days of incubation.
Correction: Quantification of Collagen Ultrastructure after Penetrating Keratoplasty – Implications for Corneal Biomechanics

PURPOSE To quantify long-term changes in stromal collagen ultrastructure following penetrating keratoplasty (PK), and evaluate their possible implications for corneal biomechanics. METHODS A pair of 16 mm post-mortem corneo-scleral buttons was obtained from a patient receiving bilateral penetrating keratoplasty 12 (left)/28 (right) years previously. Small-angle x-ray scattering quantified collagen fibril spacing, diameter and spatial order at 0.5 mm or 0.25 mm intervals along linear scans across the graft margin. Corresponding control data was collected from two corneo-scleral buttons with no history of refractive surgery. Wide-angle x-ray scattering quantified collagen fibril orientation at 0.25 mm (horizontal)×0.25 mm (vertical) intervals across both PK specimens. Quantification of orientation changes in the graft margin were verified by equivalent analysis of data from a 13 year post-operative right PK specimen obtained from a second patient in a previous study, and comparison made with new and published data from normal corneas. RESULTS Marked changes to normal fibril alignment, in favour of tangentially oriented collagen, were observed around the entire graft margin in all PK specimens. The total number of meridional fibrils in the wound margin was observed to decrease by up to 40%, with the number of tangentially oriented fibrils increasing by up to 46%. As a result, in some locations the number of fibrils aligned parallel to the wound outnumbered those spanning it by up to five times. Localised increases in fibril spacing and diameter, with an accompanying reduction in matrix order, were also evident. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal collagen fibril size and spatial order within the PK graft margin are indicative of incomplete stromal wound remodelling and the long term persistence of fibrotic scar tissue. Lasting changes in collagen fibril orientation in and around PK wounds may alter corneal biomechanics and compromise the integrity of the graft-host interface in the long term.
Coffee industrial waste as a natural source of bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activities

Coffee is one of the most popular and consumed beverages in the world, which leads to a high contents of solid residue known as spent coffee grounds (SCG). As is known, coffee beans contain several classes of health related chemicals, including phenolic compounds, melanoidins, diterpenes, xanthines and carotenoids which are associated with therapeutic and pharmaceutical effects, due to antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-infectious and antitumour activities. Considering that this coffee industrial waste has no commercial value and are currently disposed as a solid waste or employed as fertilizers, we intend to highlight the use of SCG as a raw material with potential interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, this work seems to be valuable to promote the use of SCG as natural and an inexpensive food supplements or pharmaceutical additive. The phytochemical compounds content among the crude aqueous extracts of SCG followed this order: phenolics > flavonoids > carotenoids (mg/ g dry waste), respectively. Caffeine content found in SCG was ~ 0.82 g/ 100 g dry waste, 70 % lower than coffee roasting beans. Coffee ground extracts showed inhibition to S. aureus and E. coli growth for concentrations of 1.0 mg/ mL and a stronger inhibition was also observed against C. albicans, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis growth using lower concentration (0.5 mg/ mL).
Evolutionary adaptation of the differential evolution control parameters

This papers proposes a novel self-adaptive scheme for the evolution of crucial control parameters in Evolutionary Algorithms. More specifically, we suggest to utilize the Differential Evolution algorithm to endemically evolve its own control parameters. To achieve this, two simultaneous instances of Differential Evolution are used, one of which is responsible for the evolution of the crucial user-defined mutation and recombination constants. This self-adaptive Differential Evolution algorithm alleviates the need of tuning these user-defined parameters while maintains the convergence properties of the original algorithm. The evolutionary self-adaptive scheme is evaluated through several well-known optimization benchmark functions and the experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is promising.