Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SALVIA OFFICINALIS OIL IMPROVES THE ATHEROGENIC INDEX AND CARDIOTOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH 5- FLUOROURACIL

Fluorouracil is reported as the second most common chemotherapeutic agent after anthracyclines causing cardiotoxicity. Thirty male albino rats were divided into three groups. Rats in group I received saline daily for 8 days only and served as the control. Rats in group II received saline orally for 8 days, then administrated with 5-Fluorouracil (150mg\ kg B.W\once I.P injection at the 5 th day). Rats in group III were orally dosed with Salvia. officinalis oil (0.4ml\ kg B.W\day) for 8 days and at the 5 th day, were administrated with the same previous dose of 5-Fluorouracil. 5-Fluorouracil induced a significant increase in serum concentrations of cTnI, CK-MB and MDA concentration in cardiac homogenate. 5-Fluorouracil significantly decreased GSH concentration in cardiac homogenate and altered serum lipid profile. Its administration also resulted in release of some inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and myeloperoxidase. Salvia officinalis oil pre-co-post-treatment ameliorated the altered parameters caused by 5- Fluorouracil induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Two excursions into the quartic domain

We derive two quartic functions of the signal that provide results that are not obtainable with quadratic functions. The first is a shift covariant time-frequency distribution that perfectly localizes quadratic chirps, and the second is a shift covariant distribution of time and chirp-rate. These distributions provide very interesting results for single component signals, but have complications for multi-component signals.
The Effects of Legislators ’ Communication with their Constituents

Are legislators responsive to their constituents in their public communication? To what extent are they able to shape voters’ preferences, as expressed by the issues they discuss? We address this twofold question with an analysis of all tweets sent by U.S. Members of Congress and a random sample of their followers from January to August 2013. Using a Latent Dirichlet Allocation model, we extract topics that represent the diversity of issues that legislators and ordinary citizens discuss on this social networking site. Then, we exploit variation in the distribution of topics over time to test whether Members of Congress lead or follow their constituents in their selection of issues to discuss, employing a Granger-causality framework. We find that legislators are more responsive to politically interested constituents and co-partisans, particularly on issues owned by each party.
Organization of kinases, phosphatases, and receptor signaling complexes.

The role of protein‐protein interaction domains in signal transduction has been a topic of intensive study for the last ten years. Many of these studies have focused on the role of protein‐protein interactions in signaling downstream of receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. However, recent evidence has pointed to the extensive role of protein-protein interaction domains in the localization and scaffolding of signaling molecules. This Perspective series reviews the role of protein‐protein interactions in localization and downstream signaling. The first Perspective in the series, by Schillace and Scott, provides an overview of targeting in signal transduction by protein kinases and phosphatases. The second in this issue, by Fanning and Anderson, explores PDZ domains, important for receptor targeting and clustering in a variety of cell systems. This series continues in the April 1999, no. 7, issue; two Perspectives discuss the role of protein‐protein interactions in signaling downstream of tyrosine kinases. Clements and Koretzky highlight new insights into signaling by lymphocytes, while Virkamaki, Ueki, and Kahn examine the role of protein‐protein interactions in insulin signaling and insulin resistance.
Localization of Melatonin Receptor 1 in Mouse Retina and Its Role in the Circadian Regulation of the Electroretinogram and Dopamine Levels

Melatonin modulates many important functions within the eye by interacting with a family of G-protein-coupled receptors that are negatively coupled with adenylate cyclase. In the mouse, Melatonin Receptors type 1 (MT1) mRNAs have been localized to photoreceptors, inner retinal neurons, and ganglion cells, thus suggesting that MT1 receptors may play an important role in retinal physiology. Indeed, we have recently reported that absence of the MT1 receptors has a dramatic effect on the regulation of the daily rhythm in visual processing, and on retinal cell viability during aging. We have also shown that removal of MT1 receptors leads to a small (3–4 mmHg) increase in the level of the intraocular pressure during the night and to a significant loss (25–30%) in the number of cells within the retinal ganglion cell layer during aging. In the present study we investigated the cellular distribution in the C3H/f+/+ mouse retina of MT1 receptors using a newly developed MT1 receptor antibody, and then we determined the role that MT1 signaling plays in the circadian regulation of the mouse electroretinogram, and in the retinal dopaminergic system. Our data indicate that MT1 receptor immunoreactivity is present in many retinal cell types, and in particular, on rod and cone photoreceptors and on intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells (ipRGCs). MT1 signaling is necessary for the circadian rhythm in the photopic ERG, but not for the circadian rhythm in the retinal dopaminergic system. Finally our data suggest that the circadian regulation of dopamine turnover does not drive the photopic ERG rhythm.
Development of the Nepalese Financial System: Need for the Formulation of a Master Plan

The paper examines the development of Nepalese financial system which is categorized into three different phases: the first phase is the pre-NRB period; the second phase starts with NRB Act of 1955, which is further disaggregated into two sub-periods at 1984, the start of domestic financial liberalization; and the third and ongoing phase starts after enactment of current NRB Act of 2002. After analyzing period aggregate data on the financial system, the paper concludes that despite significant financial deepening in the context of financial liberalization and integration with the external economy, there is still scope for geographically balanced financial development. For addressing these challenges in a comprehensive manner, the study proposes initiating the development of a Financial Sector Master Plan.
Impact of Education and Network for Avian Influenza H5N1 in Human: Knowledge, Clinical Practice, and Motivation on Medical Providers in Vietnam

Background Knowledge, clinical practice, and professional motivation of medical providers relating to H5N1 infection have an important influence on care for H5N1 patients who require early diagnosis and early medical intervention. Methods/Principal Findings Novel educational programs including training and workshops for medical providers relating to H5N1 infection in Vietnam were originally created and implemented in 18 provincial hospitals in northern Vietnam between 2008 and 2010. A self-administered, structured questionnaire survey was conducted in 8 provincial hospitals where both educational training and workshops were previously provided. A total of 326 medical providers, including physicians, nurses, and laboratory technicians who attended or did not attend original programs were enrolled in the survey. Knowledge, clinical attitudes and practice (KAP), including motivation surrounding caring for H5N1 patients, were evaluated. The study indicated a high level of knowledge and motivation in all professional groups, with especially high levels in laboratory technicians. Conferences and educational programs were evaluated to be the main scientific information resources for physicians, along with information from colleagues. The chest radiographs and the initiation of antiviral treatment in the absence of RT-PCR result were identified as gaps in education. Factors possibly influencing professional motivation for caring for H5N1 patients included healthcare profession, the hospital where the respondents worked, age group, attendance at original educational programs and at educational programs which were conducted by international health-related organizations. Conclusions Educational programs provide high knowledge and motivation for medical providers in Vietnam caring for H5N1 patients. Additional educational programs related to chest radiographs and an initiation of treatment in the absence of RT-PCR are needed. Networking is also necessary for sharing updated scientific information and practical experiences. These enhanced KAPs by educational programs and integrated systems among hospitals should result in appropriate care for H5N1 patients and may reduce morbidity and mortality.
Quality of MIS Quarterly Over the Last Decade, 1989-1998: A Citation Analysis

This study employed a citation analysis to assess the quality of MIS Quarterly. Citations made to the articles published in MIS Quarterly in 1989-1998 were collected. Seven citation-based criteria of journal quality were computed. When compared to the same criteria of the journals from other disciplines, these citation-based criteria supported the argument made by several well-known IS researchers and suggested that quality of MIS Quarterly is comparable to that of other disciplines.
Trade Liberalisation and Economic Growth In Developing Countries: Does Stage of Development Matter?

This paper surveys the available literature on liberalisation and growth, updates the widely used Sachs and Warner (1995) index of trade liberalisation for 193 countries up to 2010, and then investigates the impacts of trade liberalisation in economic growth using a dynamic growth model for a large set of panel data covering the period of 1985-2010. The results show that the impact of trade liberalisation on economic growth differs across countries depending on the stage of economic development. Lower-middle income countries, on average, benefit at least 3% more compared to other developing countries from the trade liberalisation. This finding makes a strong case for taking into account the stage of economic development in making policy recommendations for trade policy reforms, departing from the standard OWashington ConsensusO approach.
Enhancing the mixture of Gaussians background model with local matching and local adaptive learning

The Mixture of Gaussians (MoG) is a frequently used method for foreground-background separation. Although it is quite capable of handling gradual illumination changes and multi-model background, it cannot cope with dynamic changes such as the presence of paused objects, shadows, and sudden illumination changes. Furthermore, it is a parametric model and in general, its parameter tuning for different scenes remains a manual effort. In this paper, we propose an online learning framework that tackles these issues. Our main contributions are: local adaptive parameter learning, a feedback based updating method for stopped objects, hierarchical SURF features matching based ghosts suppression, and a new sudden illumination detection and handling technique. The proposed model is rigorously tested and compared with several previous models and has shown significant performance improvements.
Social Networks and Performance in Distributed Learning Communities

Social networks play an essential role in learning environments as a key channel for knowledge sharing and students' support. In distributed learning communities, knowledge sharing does not occur as spontaneously as when a working group shares the same physical space; knowledge sharing depends even more on student informal connections. In this study we analyse two distributed learning communities' social networks in order to understand how characteristics of the social structure can enhance students' success and performance. We used a monitoring system for social network data gathering. Results from correlation analyses showed that students' social network characteristics are related to their performance
The Southpaw Advantage? - Lateral Preference in Mixed Martial Arts

Performers with a left-orientation have a greater likelihood of obtaining elite levels of performance in many interactive sports. This study examined whether combat stance orientation was related to skill and success in Mixed Martial Arts fighters. Data were extracted for 1468 mixed martial artists from a reliable and valid online data source. Measures included fighting stance, win percentage and an ordinal measure of skill based on number of fights. The overall analysis revealed that the fraction of fighters using a southpaw stance was greater than the fraction of left-handers in the general population, but the relationship between stance and hand-preference is not well-understood. Furthermore, t-tests found no statistically significant relationship between laterality and winning percentage, although there was a significant difference between stances for number of fights. Southpaw fighters had a greater number of fights than those using an orthodox stance. These results contribute to an expanding database on the influence of laterality on sport performance and a relatively limited database on variables associated with success in mixed martial arts.
Improving the psychiatric knowledge, skills, and attitudes of primary care physicians, 1950-2000: a review.

OBJECTIVE The authors reviewed the literature on mental health education for primary care physicians and made recommendations for the design of educational programs and research. METHOD They searched the MEDLINE and PsycLIT databases from 1950 to 2000 by using a variety of key words and subjects. RESULTS More than 400 articles were identified, ranging from empirical studies to philosophical articles. Many identified a perceptual gap between primary care and psychiatry as the basis for problems of contextual relevance in psychiatric education for primary care practitioners. There were few empirical studies; most reported only results of satisfaction surveys or simple tests of knowledge. Long-term outcomes were less positive; there were important negative findings. CONCLUSIONS An extensive literature published over five decades identified a strong need for ongoing mental health training for primary care physicians. Helpful recommendations exist related to objectives, methods, and evaluation. However, there are organizational and attitudinal issues that may be equally or more important for educators to consider than the selection of educational methods.
HEPATOTOXIC EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM NUTMEG ( MYRISTICA FRAGRANS ) COMPARED TO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATIC DAMAGE IN MICE

This study was conducted with the aim of extracting methanolic extract containing flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenes, resins and phenols from dried seeds of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) available in Iraqi markets. The study also employed an in vivo evaluation of the hepatotoxic effect of methanolic extract in male albino mice at different concentrations ( 500 and 1000 mg / kg) given orally for 7 days including biochemical functions SGPT, SGOT and SALP, bilirubin and histopathlogical changes. At day 8 the animal was sacrificed by anesthetic ether and the liver is weighed and kept in 10% formalin for preparation of histopathological sections. The serum was isolated from the blood for the biochemical tests. Statistical results showed the absence of any significant changes on body weight and liver weight of nutmeg treated mice. However nutmeg treated mice showed statistically significant alteration in the biochemical indicators of liver function including significant elevation in SGPT, SGOT, SALP and TSB in a dose dependent manner. Examination of the liver tissue confirmed potential histopathological effects for nutmeg as evident fatty changes and necrosis in nutmeg treated mice in a dose dependent manner.
Hybrid Microassembly Combining Robotics and Water Droplet Self-Alignment

This paper reports an in-depth study of a hybrid microassembly technique that combines a robotic micromanipulator and a water droplet self-alignment, which greatly improves the performance of robotic microassembly. The method is experimentally studied on a custom-made microrobotic test platform adapted for the experiments. Four important measures of the microassembly technique are investigated--yield, capability, accuracy, and speed. Yield is studied by a large number of tests with random process parameters and statistical-modeling methods. Accuracy is measured by studying the final assembly results under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Capability is assessed by testing parts of various sizes and shapes. Using a high-speed camera, the duration and trajectories of droplet self-alignment of the hybrid assembly process are studied. The experimental results indicate that such a hybrid assembly technique has very low requirements on the precision, which is comparable with the dimensions of the micropart, of the handling robot while being able to achieve micrometer precision. Moreover, successful assembly can be easily achieved with part sizes that range from 50 to 300 m. The experiments also show that parts of different sizes can be reliably assembled together using the proposed method.
Parafoveal processing in reading: Manipulating n+1 and n+2 previews simultaneously

The boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975) with a novel preview manipulation was used to examine the extent of parafoveal processing of words to the right of fixation. Words n+1 and n+2 had either correct or incorrect previews prior to fixation (prior to crossing the boundary location). In addition, the manipulation utilized either a high or low frequency word in word n+1 location on the assumption that it would be more likely that n+2 preview effects could be obtained when word n+1 was high frequency. The primary findings were that there was no evidence for a preview benefit for word n+2 and no evidence for parafoveal-on-foveal effects when word n+1 is at least four letters long. We discuss implications for models of eye-movement control in reading.
Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis Infections among Ethnic Groups in Paramaribo, Suriname; Determinants and Ethnic Sexual Mixing Patterns

Background Little is known about the epidemiology of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection (chlamydia) in Suriname. Suriname is a society composed of many ethnic groups, such as Creoles, Maroons, Hindustani, Javanese, Chinese, Caucasians, and indigenous Amerindians. We estimated determinants for chlamydia, including the role of ethnicity, and identified transmission patterns and ethnic sexual networks among clients of two clinics in Paramaribo, Suriname. Methods Participants were recruited at two sites a sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic and a family planning (FP) clinic in Paramaribo. Urine samples from men and nurse-collected vaginal swabs were obtained for nucleic acid amplification testing. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of chlamydia. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to genotype C. trachomatis. To identify transmission patterns and sexual networks, a minimum spanning tree was created, using full MLST profiles. Clusters in the minimum spanning tree were compared for ethnic composition. Results Between March 2008 and July 2010, 415 men and 274 women were included at the STI clinic and 819 women at the FP clinic. Overall chlamydia prevalence was 15% (224/1508). Age, ethnicity, and recruitment site were significantly associated with chlamydia in multivariable analysis. Participants of Creole and Javanese ethnicity were more frequently infected with urogenital chlamydia. Although sexual mixing with other ethnic groups did differ significantly per ethnicity, this mixing was not independently significantly associated with chlamydia. We typed 170 C. trachomatis-positive samples (76%) and identified three large C. trachomatis clusters. Although the proportion from various ethnic groups differed significantly between the clusters (P = 0.003), all five major ethnic groups were represented in all three clusters. Conclusion Chlamydia prevalence in Suriname is high and targeted prevention measures are required. Although ethnic sexual mixing differed between ethnic groups, differences in prevalence between ethnic groups could not be explained by sexual mixing.
Predicting the Distribution of Stock Returns: Model Formulation, Statistical Evaluation, VaR Analysis and Economic Significance

A large literature has investigated predictability of the conditional mean of low-frequency stock returns by macroeconomic and financial variables; however, little is known about predictability of the conditional distribution. We look at one-step-ahead out-of-sample predictability of the conditional distribution of monthly US stock returns in relation to the macroeconomic and financial environment. Our methodological approach is innovative: we consider several specifications for the conditional density and combinations schemes. Our results are as follows: the entire density is predicted under combination schemes as applied to univariate GARCH models with Gaussian innovations; the Bayesian winner in relation to GARCH-skewed-t models is informative about the 5% value at risk; the average realised utility of a mean–variance investor is maximised under the Bayesian winner as applied to GARCH models with symmetric Student t innovations. Our results have two implications: the best prediction model depends on the evaluation criterion; and combination schemes outperform individual models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial Ability Subfactors and Their Influences on a Computer-Based Information Search Task

Objective: The present study examined the relationship between two distinct subfactors of spatial ability and performance in an information search task modeled on browsing the Web. Background: Previous studies have found relationships between various measures of spatial ability and performance in a wide variety of computerbased tasks. Method: In the search task 101 participants (18-29 years of age) searched for the answer to a question by navigating the system. They completed the experimental task as well as a battery of cognitive ability measures that included two different measures of spatial ability. Results: The results indicate that spatial orientation ability was related to performance with tasks that were high in their navigational requirement (engendered by the use of a novel aid), whereas spatial visualization was unrelated to performance in any task condition. Conclusion: A closer inspection of the cognitive requirements of a task may reveal what interventions could be most useful when designing computer systems or developing training programs. Application: Given the unique differences between the different spatial abilities, the current results suggest the design of navigational aids that place less demand on spatial orientation ability. Date received: March 4, 2004 Date accepted: December 27, 2004