Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Journal of Women's Health Dovepress Migraine in Menopausal Women: a Systematic Review

Evidence suggests that migraine activity is influenced by hormonal factors, and particularly by estrogen levels, but relatively few studies have investigated the prevalence and characteristics of migraine according to the menopausal status. Overall, population-based studies have shown an improvement of migraine after menopause, with a possible increase in perimenopause. On the contrary, the studies performed on patients referring to headache centers have shown no improvement or even worsening of migraine. Menopause etiology may play a role in migraine evolution during the menopausal period, with migraine improvement more likely occurring after spontaneous rather than after surgical menopause. Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy has been found to be associated with migraine worsening in observational population-based studies. The effects of several therapeutic regimens on migraine has also been investigated, leading to nonconclusive results. To date, no specific preventive measures are recommended for menopausal women with migraine. There is a need for further research in order to clarify the relationship between migraine and hormonal changes in women, and to quantify the real burden of migraine after the menopause. Hormonal manipulation for the treatment of refractory postmenopausal migraine is still a matter of debate.
Late glacial and Holocene history of the Penobscot River in the Penobscot Lowland, Maine

When the Laurentide ice sheet retreated rapidly (~150 m/a) across the Penobscot Lowland between ~16 and ~15 ka, the area was isostatically depressed and became inundated by the sea. Silt and clay were deposited, but no significant moraines or deltas were formed. The Penobscot River was reborn at ~14 ka when ice retreated onto land in the upper reaches of the river’s East Branch. As isostatic rebound exceeded sea level rise from melting ice, the river extended itself southward. Between ~13.4 and 12.8 ka, it established a course across marine clay and underlying glacial till in the Lowland. Its gradient was low as differential rebound had not begun. Discharge, however, was higher and the river transported and deposited outwash gravel. During the cold, dry Younger Dryas, ~11 ka, eolian sand began to accumulate in dunes in the Lowland. Some of this sand, along with fluvial sediment from the headwaters, was redistributed into terraces along gentler stretches of the river and into a paleodelta in Penobscot Bay. Eolian activity continued to ~8 ka and aggradation in terraces until ~6 ka. The climate became wetter and warmer after ~6 ka, the dunes were stabilized by vegetation, the river began to downcut, and braiding became less intense. Pauses in the downcutting are reflected in discontinuous strath terraces. In due course, the river re-encountered the old outwash gravels, marine clay, glacial till, and, in a few places, bedrock. Its profile is now stepped, with gentle, gravel-bedded reaches between bedrock ribs that form rapids.
Organization at the Limit: Lessons from the Columbia Disaster

On February 1, 2003, seven astronauts died when the space shuttle Columbia disintegrated as it reentered the atmosphere. A 1.68-pound piece of insulating foam, which broke off during liftoff, hit the orbiter and left a three-inch crack in its thermal protection system on the left wing. On reentry, superheated air drawn through the crack melted its aluminum structure, and that aerodynamic instability and loss of control shattered the orbiter. Like known troubles with Orings, which brought down Challenger and its seven astronauts on January 28, 1986, on 14 flights since 1981, including Columbia’s first, there had been significant damage to the thermal protection system (TPS) or major foam loss. The 13member Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) released its 248-page report on August 26, 2003, after analyzing evidence supplied by its staff of 120, 400 NASA engineers, and about 25,000 debris searchers. Of its 29 recommendations, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was obliged to complete 15 before shuttle flights could resume.
Interleukin‐4 antagonizes oncostatin M and transforming growth factor beta‐induced responses in articular chondrocytes

Oncostatin M (OSM) stimulates cartilage degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by inducing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanases (ADAMTS; a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif). Transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β1) induces cartilage repair in joints but in excessive amounts, promotes inflammation. OSM and TGF‐β1 also induce tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3 (TIMP‐3), an important natural inhibitor of MMPs, aggrecanases, and tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE), the principal proteases involved in arthritic inflammation and cartilage degradation. We studied cartilage protective mechanisms of the antiinflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4). IL‐4 strongly (MMP‐13 and TIMP‐3) or minimally (ADAMTS‐4) suppressed OSM‐induced gene expression in chondrocytes. IL‐4 did not affect OSM‐stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERKs), protein 38 (p38), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and Stat1. Lack of additional suppression with their inhibitors suggested that MMP‐13, ADAMTS‐4, and TIMP‐3 inhibition was independent of these mediators. IL‐4 also downregulated TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 gene expression, Smad2, and JNK phosphorylation. Additional suppression of TIMP‐3 RNA by JNK inhibitor suggests JNK implication. The cartilage protective effects of IL‐4 in animal models of arthritis may be due to its inhibition of MMPs and ADAMTS‐4 expression. However, suppression of TIMP‐3 suggests caution for using IL‐4 as a cartilage protective therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 588–597, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neurosis and human growth : the struggle toward self-realization

Karen Horney was born in Hamburg, Germany, in 1885 and studied at the University of Berlin, receiving her medical degree in 1913. From 1914 to 1918 she studied psychiatry at Berlin-Lankwitz, Germany, and from 1918 to 1932 taught at the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute. She participated in many international congresses, among them the historic discussion of lay analysis, chaired by Sigmund Freud. Dr. Horney came to the United States in 1932 and for two years was Associate Director of the Psychoanalytic Institute, Chicago. In 1934 she came to New York and was a member of the teaching staff of the New York Psychoanalytic Institute until 1941, when she became one of the founders of the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis and the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. In Neurosis and Human Growth, Dr. Horney discusses the neurotic process as a special form of the human development, the antithesis of healthy growth. She unfolds the different stages of this situation, describing neurotic claims, the tyranny or inner dictates and the neurotic's solutions for relieving the tensions of conflict in such emotional attitudes as domination, self-effacement, dependency, or resignation. Throughout, she outlines with penetrating insight the forces that work for and against the person's realization of his or her potentialities. This 40th Anniversary Edition includes a new preface by Stephanie Steinfeld, Ph.D., and Jeffrey Rubin, M.D., of the American Institute for Psychoanalysis.
Early and delayed effects of AST-120 on chronic cyclosporine nephropathy.

BACKGROUND Removal of uraemic toxins by AST-120 (Kremezin(®)) decreases the progression of chronic kidney disease by reducing oxidative stress. We performed this study to evaluate whether AST-120 has a similar effect on progression of cyclosporine (CsA)-induced renal injury. METHODS Two separate studies were performed in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. First, AST-120 was administered with CsA (15 mg/kg) for 4 weeks (early treatment). Second, AST-120 was administered to the rats for 3 weeks after treatment with CsA for 3 weeks (delayed treatment). Uraemic toxin and oxidative stress were evaluated with plasma indoxyl sulphate (IS) levels and urinary 8-OHdG excretion. The effects of AST-120 on CsA-induced renal injury were evaluated in terms of renal function, interstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptotic cell death. RESULTS CsA treatment for 4 weeks showed 2-fold increase in plasma IS and urinary 8-OHdG levels compared with the VH group. Early treatment with AST-120 significantly decreased both parameters, and this was accompanied by improved renal function and decreased interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptotic cell death compared with those of rats that received CsA alone. Delayed treatment with AST-120 also decreased the plasma IS and urinary 8-OHdG levels, and reduced the progression of chronic CsA nephropathy. Furthermore, delayed AST-120 treatment decreased the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in chronic CsA nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS Removal of uraemic toxins with AST-120 treatment is effective in decreasing the progression of CsA-induced renal injury by reducing oxidative stress.
The Social Work Skills Workbook

Using this experiential workbook, readers can practice all the steps important to social work practice. The author includes case examples and situations that clearly illustrate the essential skills of social work practice, dozens of summaries and skill-building exercises. As readers work their way through the book, they'll get actual hands-on practice in developing skills. There is no other book available that gives readers the kind of hands-on practice offered in this workbook.
A Survey on Artificial Intelligence and Expert System for Liver Disorders

Nowadays, one of the prevalent diseases of 21 st century is liver disorder annually killing so many people around the world. A range of therapies have been provided by researchers. Early diagnosis is of considerable significance in treating the disease. Diagnosis is of the physician's skills conducted based on their knowledge and experience yet an error might occur. Using various Artificial Intelligence methods for liver disorders diagnosis has recently become widespread. These intelligent systems help physicians as a diagnosis assistant. Now, various Artificial Neural Network, Expert System, Fuzzy Neural Network, Classification, Fuzzy Logic, and Swarm Intelligence are widely used. This paper provides a review of different AI and expert system method in diagnosis and detection of liver disorders acuteness.
Immediate rehabilitation of the edentulous jaws with full fixed prostheses supported by four implants: interim results of a single cohort prospective study.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediately loaded full-arch fixed prostheses supported by a combination of axially and non-axially positioned implants in a large cohort of patients with completely edentulous jaws, up to 5 years of function. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seventy-three edentulous patients (80 males and 93 females) were enrolled according to specific selection criteria. Each patient received a full-arch fixed prosthesis supported by two distal tilted implants and two anterior axially placed implants. The provisional functional acrylic prosthesis was delivered the same day as surgery in all cases. All cases were finalized 4-6 months later. The patients were scheduled for follow-up at 6 and 12 months of function, and annually up to 5 years. At each follow-up plaque and bleeding score was assessed and radiographic evaluation of marginal bone level was performed. RESULTS The overall follow-up range was 4-59 months. A total of 154 immediately loaded prostheses (61 in the maxilla and 93 in the mandible) were in function for at least 1 year and were considered for the analysis. Four axially placed implants failed in the maxilla and one tilted implant in the mandible, all within 6 months of loading. No further implant failure occurred to date. Implant survival at 1 year was 98.36% and 99.73% for the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. Marginal bone loss at 1 year averaged 0.9+/-0.7 mm in the maxilla (204 implants) and 1.2+/-0.9 mm in the mandible (292 implants). No difference was found in marginal bone loss between axial and tilted implants. Plaque and bleeding scores progressively improved from 6 to 12 months. Fracture of the acrylic prosthesis occurred in 14% of total cases. CONCLUSIONS The present preliminary results from a relatively large sample size suggest that the present technique can be considered a viable treatment option for the immediate rehabilitation of both mandible and maxilla.
Functional Analysis of the Holin-Like Proteins of Mycobacteriophage Ms6

ABSTRACT The mycobacteriophage Ms6 is a temperate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophage which, in addition to the predicted endolysin (LysA)-holin (Gp4) lysis system, encodes three additional proteins within its lysis module: Gp1, LysB, and Gp5. Ms6 Gp4 was previously described as a class II holin-like protein. By analysis of the amino acid sequence of Gp4, an N-terminal signal-arrest-release (SAR) domain was identified, followed by a typical transmembrane domain (TMD), features which have previously been observed for pinholins. A second putative holin gene (gp5) encoding a protein with a predicted single TMD at the N-terminal region was identified at the end of the Ms6 lytic operon. Neither the putative class II holin nor the single TMD polypeptide could trigger lysis in pairwise combinations with the endolysin LysA in Escherichia coli. One-step growth curves and single-burst-size experiments of different Ms6 derivatives with deletions in different regions of the lysis operon demonstrated that the gene products of gp4 and gp5, although nonessential for phage viability, appear to play a role in controlling the timing of lysis: an Ms6 mutant with a deletion of gp4 (Ms6Δgp4) caused slightly accelerated lysis, whereas an Ms6Δgp5 deletion mutant delayed lysis, which is consistent with holin function. Additionally, cross-linking experiments showed that Ms6 Gp4 and Gp5 oligomerize and that both proteins interact. Our results suggest that in Ms6 infection, the correct and programmed timing of lysis is achieved by the combined action of Gp4 and Gp5.
Cost-Effectiveness of a Community-Based Weight Control Intervention Targeting a Low-Socioeconomic-Status Mexican-Origin Population

Introduction. The objective of our study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a community-based intervention designed to improve physical activity levels and dietary intake and to reduce diabetes risk in a largely Hispanic population residing along the U.S.-Mexico border. Method. We forecasted disease outcomes, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, and lifetime costs associated with actual and projected attainment of 2% and 5% weight loss taking a societal cost perspective. We extrapolated changes in beverage calorie consumption between baseline and 6-month follow-up to attain projected weight loss measures. Outcomes were projected 5, 10, and 20 years into the future and discounted at a 3.0% rate. Results. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $57,430 and $61,893, respectively, per QALY gained when compared with usual care for the 2% and 5% weight loss scenarios. The intervention was particularly cost-effective for morbidly obese participants. Cost-effectiveness improves when using 3-year weight loss projections based on changes in sugar-sweetened beverage caloric consumption to $49,478 and $24,092 for the 2% and 5% weight loss scenarios. Conclusions. This analysis demonstrates that a culturally sensitive community-based weight loss and maintenance intervention can be cost-effective even when healthy weight individuals participate.
Short-Term Exposure of Renal Proximal Tubules to Gentamicin Increases Long-Term Multidrug Resistance Protein 2 (Abcc2) Transport Function and Reduces Nephrotoxicant Sensitivity

We previously showed that the function of renal multidrug resistance protein (Mrp) 2 (Abcc2) is reduced by endothelin (ET)-1 signaling through an ETB receptor, nitric-oxide synthase (NOS), cGMP, and protein kinase C and that this pathway was activated by several nephrotoxicants (Masereeuw et al., 2000; Terlouw et al., 2001; Notenboom et al., 2002, 2004). Here, we determined the long-term effects on Mrp2-mediated transport (luminal fluorescein methotrexate accumulation) of short-term (30 min) exposure to ET-1 and the aminoglycoside antibiotic, gentamicin. Our data show that over the 3 h following exposure, proximal tubules recovered fully from the initial decrease in Mrp2-mediated transport and that transport activity was not changed 9 h later. However, 24 h after exposure, luminal accumulation of an Mrp2 substrate had increased by 50%. Increased transport at 24 h was accompanied by an increased transporter protein content of the luminal plasma membrane as measured by immunostaining. Blocking ET-1 signaling at the ETB receptor or downstream at NOS or guanylyl cyclase abolished both stimulation of transport and increased transporter expression. Thus, regardless of whether signaling was initiated by a short exposure to ET-1 or to a nephrotoxicant, the time course of Mrp2 response to ETB signaling was the same and was multiphasic. Finally, when tubules were exposed to gentamicin for 30 min and removed to gentamicin-free medium for 24 h, they were less sensitive to acute gentamicin toxicity than paired controls not initially exposed to the drug. Thus, short-term exposure to ET-1 or gentamicin resulted in long-term protection against a second insult.
A Practical Approach for Applying Non-linear Dynamics to Particle Systems

In this paper we present a newmethod for approximating non-linear dynamics in deformable simulations based on a full cubic polynomial formulation of the inter-particle force. The proposed approach is a non-physical extension of the well known St Venant Kirchhoff force, focusing on practical considerations about the behavior of the deformable model. Therefore it is very useful for simulating and controlling non-linear stretching and compressing properties of deformable models in applications where the computation time comprises a major constraint. The presented force model can be easily implemented by the widely used particle systems and can be parameterized based on a direct relation to spring models. We show that the non linear stretching behavior of the proposed model is required for simulations where the external forces which interact with the models are large in scale, while the performance of the presented method is comparable to simple mass-spring systems.
Determination of clinical biologic width in chronic generalized periodontitis and healthy periodontium: A clinico-radiographical study

Background: The dimensions of dentogingival junction have been evaluated from autopsy jaw specimens. Previous studies demonstrated variability in histologic biologic width (BW) in periodontal health and mild periodontitis. Few studies have been done on the measurement of clinical BW in periodontitis. BW variation provides implications for selection of surgical or nonsurgical approaches. The purpose of this study was to determine clinical BW in periodontal health and chronic generalized periodontitis and to compare it with histologic dimensions of BW. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis and 20 subjects with healthy periodontium were included in the present study. Plaque index and community periodontal index of treatment needs were scored; moreover, probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level were measured. Full mouth intraoral periapical radiographs were taken, and digitalized images were obtained to measure the crestal bone level using computerized software. Results: Clinical BW was significantly greater in both healthy and periodontitis groups than previously reported histologic BW of 2.04 mm (P < 0.001). The mean clinical BW was 3.98 mm. Conclusion: Mean clinical BW in both groups was significantly greater than histologic BW and sites with shallow PDs demonstrated greatest BW, suggesting that these sites may be at increased risk for losing significant attachment during surgical procedures.
Investigation on traffic signs to improve road safety

The main purpose of this primary study on traffic signs is to investigate efficiency of traffic signs as described in Vienna Convention as a mean to send information and warnings along with order to the drivers, so as to facilitate a safe driving and avoiding traffic accidents. The primary hypothesis of this paper is as follows: (a) some symbols and signs are ambiguous in their meanings and not easily understood; (b) there are symbols which gives a different meaning apart from what they have been designed for; (c) few symbols giver more than one meaning; (d) some of the symbols used in the signs are confusing to drivers; and (e) some signs give an impression to the drivers, that they are allowed to take certain actions, where in fact it is too dangerous to do so. All these points affect the drivers psychology and consequently his driving behavior, which causes an increase in traffic accidents and traffic disturbances. In this study, we have followed a scientific method, based on field research conducted in a number of Asian and European countries noting down and photographing a large number of traffic signs and their usage. We interviewed a great number of drivers and interested people as well. Furthermore, we have prepared about 6000 survey forms that were equally distributed in the following countries: England, France, Iran, Kuwait, Bahrain and Zchec Republic and thereafter analyzed 4000 surveys, as survey reports from England and Zchec Republic has not yet come back. After conducting a simple statistical analysis of the study reports, we have reached a conclusion which proved the correctness of the basic assumptions in the study, like understanding of some traffic signs clarity reached very low rate (1.23% in one case), and that such signs information and messages to drivers are ambiguous and even sometimes sent wrong and violating information. This confirms the necessity to review and reconsider these signs to be able to keep up with the technological, geographical, social and psychological developments of mankind, especially for global understand, which calls for identical and standard signs.
Histopathological changes in Wistar albino rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya

Background: Exposure of animals to xenobiotics may or may not trigger adverse response at cellular levels. Aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya is consumed by sickle cell patients as antisickling agent in Western Nigeria. Aim: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Carica papaya on certain organs in Wister albino rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya. Materials and Methods: Different doses of aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya were administered orally daily for 42 days to six groups of rats. At the end of exposure, the animals were sacrificed and tissue sections were prepared from livers, kidneys, hearts and small intestines using standard techniques. Results: Histopathological results showed that no pathological changes were observed in tissue sections of experimental animals when compared with tissue sections of the same organs in control animals. Conclusion: No pathological changes were elicited in the organs of rats exposed to aqueous extract of unripe Carica papaya.