Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffuse gliomas with FGFR3‐TACC3 fusion have characteristic histopathological and molecular features

Adult glioblastomas, IDH‐wildtype represent a heterogeneous group of diseases. They are resistant to conventional treatment by concomitant radiochemotherapy and carry a dismal prognosis. The discovery of oncogenic gene fusions in these tumors has led to prospective targeted treatments, but identification of these rare alterations in practice is challenging. Here, we report a series of 30 adult diffuse gliomas with an in frame FGFR3‐TACC3 oncogenic fusion (n = 27 WHO grade IV and n = 3 WHO grade II) as well as their histological and molecular features. We observed recurrent morphological features (monomorphous ovoid nuclei, nuclear palisading and thin parallel cytoplasmic processes, endocrinoid network of thin capillaries) associated with frequent microcalcifications and desmoplasia. We report a constant immunoreactivity for FGFR3, which is a valuable method for screening for the FGFR3‐TACC3 fusion with 100% sensitivity and 92% specificity. We confirmed the associated molecular features (typical genetic alterations of glioblastoma, except the absence of EGFR amplification, and an increased frequency of CDK4 and MDM2 amplifications). FGFR3 immunopositivity is a valuable tool to identify gliomas that are likely to harbor the FGFR3‐TACC3 fusion for inclusion in targeted therapeutic trials.
PROCEDURAL EFFECTS ON THE MANIFEST HUMAN AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION*

&NA; Numerous investigators since Donders in 1864 have published data on the ocular amplitude of accommodation. In most of these investigations, however, only one set of experimental conditions was used. In this investigation, I used various sets, each of which was presented to 55 males and 55 females from age 13 through age 67. The major results of this investigation were: a) The tables attributed to Donders do not agree with his raw data. b) Subjective grasping of the target stage manifested statistically higher amplitudes than when it was not grasped. c) Movement of the target towards the subject manifested statistically higher amplitudes than when the target was moved away from him. d) Statistically higher amplitudes were manifested for binocularity than monocularity above age 32, but not at younger ages. e) There was no statistical significance between the amplitudes of males and females of the same age group.
Biomechanics Measurements in Archery

The purpose of this study is to measure the biomechanics parameter of the archery sports and correlate to the games performance. Archery becomes as one of the prospect sports to contribute medal in Olympics Games 2016. Therefore, the research in this sport is directly affected to the athlete performance during games tournament. This research is considered as preliminary study to measure the biomechanics parameters for applied to the professional athlete. The biomechanics parameter such as muscle activity, heartbeat, balancing and body posture as well as draw force line were chosen as important parameters related to the athletes performance. The subject was shooting the arrow on the force plate meanwhile the high speed video camera capturing the arrow velocity, body posture and elbow angle. Furthermore, those parameters will correlate to the point of target in order to propose the right technique for the player. The finding in this study will help the coach and athlete to improve the performance of the games, especially for the beginner level to become expert as an elite player.
UOIT Keyboard: A Constructive Keyboard for Small Touchscreen Devices

Many techniques have been proposed for reducing errors during text input on touchscreens. However, the majority of these techniques suffer from the same limitation, i.e., the keyboard keys are overcrowded on a small screen, resulting in high error rates and slow text inputs. To address this situation and resolve the problems associated with overcrowdedness, we introduce a new text-entry method called the “UOIT keyboard. ” The idea behind the UOIT keyboard is to compose letters using “drawing-like typing” on the UOIT keyboard, which has 13 large keys that replace the 26 small keys that exist in the QWERTY keyboard. We describe the design, keys, and mechanism of the UOIT keyboard. A 24-participant user study was conducted to evaluate the speed and accuracy of the proposed entry method as compared with the QWERTY and multitap entry methods. As part of the evaluation, a questionnaire was used to collect participants' preferences. The UOIT keyboard has a mean entry speed of 11.3 words/min. The UOIT keyboard significantly reduces the typing errors with 3.8% total error rate comparing with 11.2% and 16.3% for QWERTY and multitap entry methods, respectively.
Differential Regulation of Apoptosis in the Corpus Luteum of Pregnancy and Newly Formed Corpus Luteum after Parturition in Rats1

Abstract Apoptosis contributes to luteal regression in many species. In the postpartum rat, there are two different types of corpora lutea (CL) in the ovary: CL of pregnancy (CLP) and newly formed CL (NCL). To investigate the regulation of apoptosis in the two different types of CL during luteal regression, apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were examined in the CL obtained on Days 7, 15, and 21 of pregnancy and Days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 postpartum. Furthermore, the effect of lactation on apoptosis in the CL was examined in two groups of postpartum rats: lactating rats that nurse more than 10 pups, and nonlactating rats that nurse no pups. Apoptotic cells were detected after Day 21 of pregnancy. In the CLP, remarkable increases in the number of apoptotic cells on Days 5 and 9 postpartum were observed in nonlactating rats (P < 0.01), but not in lactating rats. Changes in caspase-3 activity in the CLP were not consistent with those in number of apoptotic cells. In the NCL, an increase in apoptosis was found only on Day 5 postpartum in nonlactating rats (P < 0.01), but not in lactating rats. Changes in caspase-3 activity in the NCL were consistent with those in number of apoptotic cells. In conclusion, apoptosis is, at least in part, involved in luteal regression after parturition, and lactation appears to inhibit apoptosis. This study also suggests the presence of a caspase-3-independent mechanism for apoptosis in CLP regression in the rat.
An Investigation of Student Perceptions of Cheating in Academic Situations

This study explored the impact of need, provocation, opportunity, and intentionality on student perceptions of academic cheating. Constructed passages crossed high and low levels of the variables, and college students judged whether the person in the passage had cheated High levels of need and intentionality were associated with greater negative perceptions, and high levels of provocation were associated with less negative perceptions. Correlational results showed that higher-GPA students expressed stronger negative views; but there were no relationships between perceptions, sex, and/or age.
Control of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci at a Community Hospital: Efficacy of Patient and Staff Cohorting

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of patient and staff cohorting to control vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) at an Indianapolis community hospital. Design: To interrupt transmission of VRE, a VRE point-prevalence survey of hospital inpatients was conducted, and VRE-infected or -colonized patients were cohorted on a single ward with dedicated nursing staff and patient-care equipment. To assess the impact of the intervention, staff compliance with contact isolation procedures was observed, and the VRE point-prevalence survey was repeated 2 months after the cohort ward was established. Results: Following the establishment of the cohort ward, VRE prevalence among all hospitalized inpatients decreased from 8.1% to 4.7% (25 positive cultures among 310 patients compared to 13 positive cultures among 276 patients, P=.14); VRE prevalence among patients whose VRE status was unknown before cultures were obtained decreased from 5.9% to 0.8% (18 positive cultures among 303 patients compared to 2 positive cultures among 262 patients, P=.002); and observed staff-patient interactions compliant with published isolation recommendations increased (5 [22%] of 23 interactions compared to 36 [88%] of 41 interactions, P<.0001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that, in hospitals with endemic VRE or continued VRE transmission despite implementation of contact isolation measures, establishing a VRE cohort ward may be a practical and effective method to improve compliance with infection control measures and thereby to control epidemic or endemic VRE transmission.
The effect of using directional antennas on adjacent channel interference in 802.11a: Modeling and experience with an outdoors testbed

We present an outdoors 802.11a testbed based on off-the-shelf components that we used for multi-radio node experimentation. This is the first such testbed, to our knowledge, equipped with directional antennas. With it we conducted a thorough and systematic set of measurements, in medium range outdoors links, to examine how the physical separation of the antennas, the output power of the interfaces, and the channel separation of the links affect throughput. For the setup of the testbed and to estimate the induced ACI we utilized a theoretical model, already verified on an in-lab wireless testbed emulator [Angelakis, 2008]. We discuss how the model needs to adapt and propose to create a tool for the design of large scale multi-radio wireless networks.
D-Dimer as a Risk Factor for Deep Vein Thrombosis: The Leiden Thrombophilia Study

Summary We studied the association of D-dimer with the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). D-dimer was measured in 474 patients more than 6 months after diagnosis of a first DVT and in 474 age-and sexmatched controls. For D-dimer above the 70th percentile (130.5 ng/ml), the odds ratio (OR) for DVT was 2.2 (95% CI, 1.6-2.9). The association was unchanged with adjustment for other risk factors. Excluding participants with Factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, or factors VIIIc or IX above the 90th percentile, the OR was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1-2.3). The risks of DVT with the joint presence of high D-dimer and either factor V Leiden or prothrombin 20210A were increased 12.4-fold (95% CI 5.6-27.7) and 7.2-fold (95% CI 2.1-25.1), respectively. Higher Ddimer concentration was associated with the risk of DVT, and was supra-additive to the risks associated with factor V Leiden and the prothrombin 20210A variant. Persistence of this association in the absence of other hemostatic risk factors for DVT suggests that high D-dimer may be related to other, as yet unknown, risk factors for venous thrombosis. Confirmation of these findings is desirable.
Can prostate specific antigen derivatives and pathological parameters predict significant change in expectant management criteria for prostate cancer?

PURPOSE A prior report established that pretreatment criteria based on clinical and biopsy pathology parameters can predict men who harbor small volume prostate cancer who might be followed expectantly. However, some of these men will exhibit disease progression with time and will need definitive therapy. To detect those in whom disease may progress, repeat prostate biopsies are performed at yearly intervals. Therefore, we determined whether biomarkers could be used to determine those in whom disease is likely to progress and thus those who require definitive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initial and repeat biopsy information along with transrectal ultrasound measurements of gland volume, total prostate specific antigen (PSA), %free PSA (%fPSA) and total PSA velocity were evaluated in 78 men, 45 from the prior study, in whom disease was being managed expectantly. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses determined variables that predicted a favorable tumor burden based on biopsy pathology status at each subsequent repeat biopsy. A Cox proportional hazards model was produced using 67 of 78 evaluable cases having adequate temporal data to predict hazard ratios for conversion from favorable to unfavorable tumor burden status. RESULTS At time zero for 78 patients %fPSA, total PSA, and gland volume univariately and multivariately differentiated unfavorable and favorable tumor burden groups (p <0.05). The receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was 83%. At the first followup biopsy 17 of 67 (25.4%) men converted to unfavorable tumor burden status. The %fPSA, PSA velocity and gland volume univariately distinguished these 2 groups (p <0.05) with 82% ROC-AUC. At second repeat biopsy 6 of 36 (16.7%) men converted to unfavorable tumor burden status and the ROC-AUC was 76%. Of the 14 men who had a third repeat biopsy all demonstrated favorable tumor burden status. A Cox proportional hazards model stratified the 67 of 78 men into high (48) and low risk (19) groups based on %fPSA at a 20% cutoff (p <0.01). Classification and regression tree analysis using logistic regression multivariately selected variables predicted favorable tumor burden status with an accuracy that ranged from 75% to 84% during our study. CONCLUSIONS PSA velocity, %fPSA and gland volume information improves the prediction of men undergoing expectant management who are more likely to have small volume disease based on a 12-core biopsy interpretation within the time of our observations. %fPSA proved to be a valuable marker to stratify the 2 risk groups. Therefore, based on these factors it may be possible to consider deferment of repeat prostate biopsy until adverse results are detected. This rational approach to the management of prostate cancer in older men with small volume cancer seems to be a reasonable strategy.
Black Hole Spin Evolution

We consider a subset of the physical processes that determine the spin j ≡ a/M of astrophysical black holes. These include (1) Initial conditions. Recent models suggest that the collapse of a supermassive star is likely to produce a black hole with j ~ 0.7. (2) Major mergers. The outcome of a nearly equal mass black hole-black hole merger is not yet known, but we review the current best guesses and analytic bounds. (3) Minor mergers. We recover the result of Blandford & Hughes that accretion of small companions with isotropically distributed orbital angular momenta results in spin-down, with j ~ M-7/3. (4) Accretion. We present new results from fully relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) accretion simulations. These show that, at least for one sequence of flow models, spin equilibrium (dj/dt = 0) is reached for j ~ 0.9, far less than the canonical value 0.998 of Thorne that was derived in the absence of MHD effects. This equilibrium value may be inapplicable to some accretion flows, particularly thin disks. Nevertheless, it opens the possibility that black holes that have grown primarily through accretion are not maximally rotating.
Potassium Starvation in Yeast: Mechanisms of Homeostasis Revealed by Mathematical Modeling

The intrinsic ability of cells to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions is a fundamental process required for survival. Potassium is the most abundant cation in living cells and is required for essential cellular processes, including the regulation of cell volume, pH and protein synthesis. Yeast cells can grow from low micromolar to molar potassium concentrations and utilize sophisticated control mechanisms to keep the internal potassium concentration in a viable range. We developed a mathematical model for Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore the complex interplay between biophysical forces and molecular regulation facilitating potassium homeostasis. By using a novel inference method (“the reverse tracking algorithm”) we predicted and then verified experimentally that the main regulators under conditions of potassium starvation are proton fluxes responding to changes of potassium concentrations. In contrast to the prevailing view, we show that regulation of the main potassium transport systems (Trk1,2 and Nha1) in the plasma membrane is not sufficient to achieve homeostasis.
Joint blind adaptive synchronization and channel shortening

Carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation and intersymbol/interchannel interference mitigation are both required for data recovery in a wireless multicarrier receiver. Hitherto, these two impairments have been addressed individually. However, this leads to a circular set of assumptions, since standard CFO estimators perform poorly when the channel is longer than the guard interval, and standard channel shorteners assume that CFO estimation has already been perfectly performed. In this paper, we investigate blind, adaptive methods for jointly performing CFO estimation and channel shortening.
Attentional effects on gaze preference for salient loci in traffic scenes

Alerting drivers for self-regulation of attention might decrease crash risks attributable to absent-minded driving. However, no reliable method exists for monitoring driver attention. Therefore, we examined attentional effects on gaze preference for salient loci (GPS) in traffic scenes. In an active viewing (AV) condition requiring endogenous attention for traffic scene comprehension, participants identified appropriate speeds for driving in presented traffic scene images. In a passive viewing (PV) condition requiring no endogenous attention, participants passively viewed traffic scene images. GPS was quantified by the mean saliency value averaged across fixation locations. Results show that GPS was less during AV than during PV. Additionally, gaze dwell time on signboards was shorter for AV than for PV. These results suggest that, in the absence of endogenous attention for traffic scene comprehension, gaze tends to concentrate on irrelevant salient loci in a traffic environment. Therefore, increased GPS can indicate absent-minded driving. Practitioner Summary: The present study demonstrated that, without endogenous attention for traffic scene comprehension, gaze tends to concentrate on irrelevant salient loci in a traffic environment. This result suggests that increased gaze preference for salient loci indicates absent-minded driving, which is otherwise difficult to detect.
Differential space-time turbo codes

Serial concatenation of simple error control codes and differential space-time modulation is considered. Decoding is performed iteratively by passing symbol-wise a posteriori probability values between the decoders of the inner space-time code and the outer code. An extrinsic information transfer analysis is used to predict thresholds for outer convolutional codes of various memory orders and a simple outer parity-check code. This parity-check code is well matched to the inner differential space-time code and achieves a bit-error rate (BER) of 10/sup -6/ less than 2 dB from the Shannon capacity of the fast fading multiple antenna channel. The differential space-time code can also be used to generate a priori information in the absence of channel knowledge. This information can be exploited by a channel estimator inserted into the decoding iteration. It is demonstrated that the inner space-time code provides soft training symbols from periodically inserted training symbols. The reliability of these soft training symbols does not depend on the speed of the channel variations, but on the structure of the inner code and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Simulation studies confirm these findings and show that the proposed system with no initial channel knowledge achieves a performance very close to that of the system with perfect channel knowledge.
Pain Assessment in Mechanically Ventilated, Noncommunicative Severe Trauma Patients

The aim of this study was to measure pain levels in noncommunicative patients with severe trauma who required tracheal suctioning and mobilization and to determine the utility of the Behavioral Indicators of Pain Scale (ESCID) in these cases. The pain scores for the procedures were recorded on Days 1, 3, and 6 of the patients' stay in the intensive care unit. These assessments were performed at 3 moments: before, during, and after the application of the procedures. Because of the longitudinal character of the study, data were fitted into a multivariate model using the Generalized Estimating Equations method. The sample of 124 patients comprised 77.4% males and 22.6% females with an average age of 45.93 (SD = 16.43) years. A significant increase (p < .01) in the ESCID score was observed during the application of the procedures that produced similar pain levels. Kappa coefficient value obtained for interobserver agreement of ESCID scale scores during the application of care procedures at the intervals being evaluated was greater than 0.84, which should be interpreted as almost perfect. The ESCID scores increased during 2 care procedures that are frequently carried out in intensive care units and indicated that they produced similar pain levels.
Toward an Understanding of Uses and Gratifications Theory and the Sense of Virtual Community on Knowledge Sharing in Online Game Communities

—Online games have been prevailing over the last decade and becoming a most popular leisure activity. Specifically, one of the recent and favorite types of online games is massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). MMORPGs are very prevalent in the adolescent, resulted from their characteristics, such as network connected, interactive, team-based type, and virtual challenge tasks. Antecedent studies have never thought of uses and gratification approach and the sense of virtual community at the same time when investigating the knowledge sharing in MMORPGs communities; however, the factors of uses and gratification theory will affect knowledge sharing through the sense of virtual community practically. This study is catering to this trend and attempts to build a comprehensive model for capturing the dynamic of knowledge sharing behaviors in MMORPGs communities.
Effects of Surface Preparation on Long-Term Durability of Composite Adhesive Bonds

Abstract : The long-term effects of surface preparation techniques for composite bonded joints are addressed. Several potential factors are evaluated, concentrating on the effects of peel plies and grit blasting on the fracture toughness and failure mode of adhesively bonded composites. An evaluation of the floating roller peel test configuration is described, where the intent was to extract quantitative data from this commonly used quality control test method. Subsequently, an alternate form of the double cantilever beam (DCB) test was developed and used for a sequence of test evaluations. The research will aid the interpretation of a form of the wedge test where the usual aluminum adherends are replaced by composite adherends. DCB tests have shown that nylon peel ply(*) surfaces tend to precipitate interfacial failures and intermittent crack propagation, with reduced loads and crack opening displacements, hence, significantly lower critical strain energy release rates (G(sub Ic)) than equivalent polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) vacuum bag surfaces. Additionally, grit-blasted bonded joints tend to have higher failure load and G(sub Ic) values than nonblasted ones, though the mode of failure (interfacial or cohesive) is unchanged. Several improvements to specimen preparation and testing, including a custom bonding jig, bondline thickness control methods, and an alternate version of the wedge crack test are also described.