Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Search for OH Megamasers at z > 0.1. III. The Complete Survey

We present the final results from the Arecibo ObservatoryThe Arecibo Observatory is part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. OH megamaser survey. We discuss in detail the properties of the remaining 18 OH megamasers detected in the survey, including three redetections. We place upper limits on the OH emission from 85 nondetections and examine the properties of 25 ambiguous cases for which the presence or absence of OH emission could not be determined. The complete survey has discovered 50 new OH megamasers (OHMs) in (ultra)luminous infrared galaxies ([U]LIRGs), which doubles the sample of known OHMs and increases the sample at z > 0.1 sevenfold. The Arecibo OH megamaser survey indicates that the OHM fraction in LIRGs is an increasing function of the far-IR luminosity (LFIR) and far-IR color, reaching a fraction of roughly in the warmest ULIRGs. Significant relationships between OHMs and their hosts are few, primarily because of a mismatch in size scales of measured properties and an intrinsic scatter in OHM properties roughly equal to the span of the data set. We investigate relationships between OHMs and their hosts with a variety of statistical tools including survival analysis, partial correlation coefficients, and a principal component analysis. There is no apparent OH megamaser "fundamental plane. " We compile data on all previously known OHMs and evaluate the possible mechanisms and relationships responsible for OHM production in merging systems. The OH-FIR relationship is reexamined by using the doubled OHM sample and found to be significantly flatter than previously thought: LOH ∝ L. This nearly linear dependence suggests a mixture of saturated and unsaturated masers, either within individual galaxies or across the sample.
Neurofibrillary Pathology in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing V717F β‐Amyloid Precursor Protein

Overexpression of mutated human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP717V—>F) under control of the platelet-derived growth factor promoter (PDAPP minigene) in transgenic (tg) mice results in plaque formation and astroglial activation similar to Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the extent of the neurofibrillary pathology in this model is less understood. In order to determine if these mice develop AD-like neurofibrillary pathology, vibratome sections from PDAPP tg mice (4- to 20-months-old) were immunolabeled with antibodies against phosphorylated tau (AT8) and phosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI 312, TA51), and analyzed by laser scanning confocal and electron microscopy. Phosphorylated neurofilament-immunoreactive dystrophic neurites in plaques were first seen in mice at 10 to 12 months of age, while phosphorylated tau-immunoreactive dystrophic neurites were observed after 14 months of age. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis revealed that phosphorylated neurofilament immunoreactivity was diffusely distributed along filamentous aggregates (12–15 nm in diameter) in the plaque dystrophic neurites, and occasionally in neuronal cell bodies. In contrast, phosphorylated tau immunoreactivity was observed as clusters distributed along filamentous structures accumulating in the dystrophic neurites and around neurotubules in the axons. However, no paired helical filaments were observed. Taken together, these studies indicate that the PDAPP tg model recapitulates early cytoskeletal pathology similar to that observed in AD.
From Text to Images: Weighting Schemes for Image Retrieval

Bags of visual words are the most studied image description technique in the last years. This representation of images raised new possibilities as well as new research issues. In particular, it is important to automatically determine which visual words are the most relevant to describe the images, and which ones should be ignored. This issue is a classical problem of textual information retrieval, usually addressed by the use of weighting schemes. In this paper, the most common weighting schemes from text retrieval are applied to the case of visual word-based retrieval. New weighting schemes are also proposed, and several Minkowski-like distances are tested. The experiments are performed on four different datasets that correspond to two different retrieval tasks; it allows us to bring to light some properties of visual words and weighting schemes. This study results in several findings. It first shows that the optimal setting for distances and weighting schemes depends on the nature of the visual content of the images considered. Especially, raw frequency can be the most effective weight when dealing with complex datasets; it questions the habit to systematically use the tf . idf weighting scheme. It also shows that weighting schemes and Minkowski distances have similar effect and should be used together in a consistent way. Based on these findings, general guidelines for the choice of distances and weighting schemes are proposed.
Solving large-scale systems of random quadratic equations via stochastic truncated amplitude flow

This work develops a new iterative algorithm, which is called stochastic truncated amplitude flow (STAF), to recover an unknown signal × ∊ R<sup>n</sup> from m "phaseless" quadratic equations of the form ψ<inf>1</inf>=|a<sup>τ</sup><inf>i</inf> x|, 1 ≤ i ≤ m. This problem is also known as phase retrieval, which is NP-hard in general. Building on an amplitude-based nonconvex least-squares formulation, STAF proceeds in two stages: s1) Orthogonality-promoting initialization computed using a stochastic variance reduced gradient algorithm; and, s2) Refinements of the initial point through truncated stochastic gradient-type iterations. Both stages handle a single equation per iteration, therefore lending STAF well to Big Data applications. Specifically for independent Gaussian {a<inf>i</inf>}<sup>m</sup><inf>i=1</inf> vectors, STAF recovers exactly any x exponentially fast when there are about as many equations as unknowns. Finally, numerical tests demonstrate that STAF improves upon its competing alternatives.
Organising anarchy spatial strategy prefiguration and the politics of everyday life

This research is an analysis of efforts to develop a politics of everyday life through embedding anarchist and left-libertarian ideas and practices into community and workplace organisation. It investigates everyday life as a key terrain of political engagement, interrogating the everyday spatial strategies of two emerging forms of radical politics. The community dimension of the research focuses on two London-based social centre collectives, understood as community-based, anarchist-run political spaces. The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), an international trade union that organises along radical left-libertarian principles, comprises the workplace element. The empirical research was conducted primarily through an activist-ethnographic methodology. Based in a politically-engaged framework, the research opens up debates surrounding the role of place-based class politics in a globalised world, and how such efforts can contribute to our understanding of social relations, place, networks, and political mobilisation and transformation. The research thus contributes to and provides new perspectives on understanding and enacting everyday spatial strategies. Utilising Marxist and anarchist thought, the research develops a distinctive theoretical framework that draws inspiration from both perspectives. Through an emphasis on how groups seek to implement particular radical principles, the research also explores the complex interactions between theory and practice in radical politics. I argue that it is in everyday spaces and practices where we find the most powerful sources for political transformation. Grassroots politics are most
Executive Systems Constrain the Flexibility of Online Control in Children During Goal-Directed Reaching

We examined the influence of inhibitory load on online motor control in children. A sample of 129 school children was tested: younger, mid-age, and older children. Online control was assessed using a double-step perturbation paradigm across three trail types: non-jump, jump, and anti-jump. Results show that mid-aged children were able to implement online adjustments to jump trials as quickly as older children, but their performance on anti-jump trials regressed toward younger children. This suggests that rapid unfolding of executive systems during middle childhood may constrain the flexibility with which online control can be implemented, particularly when inhibitory demands are imposed.
Evaluation of the S-type of alpha-1-antitrypsin as an in vivo and in vitro inhibitor of neutrophil elastase.

S-type alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) is a deficiency haplotype that differs from the common normal M1 (val213) alpha 1AT haplotype by a single amino acid (glu264 to val264). To evaluate the adequacy of the antineutrophil elastase protection associated with the S homozygous state, alpha 1AT plasma and lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) levels and antineutrophil elastase function were analyzed in 9 PISS subjects. The plasma alpha 1AT levels of SS subjects were intermediate between that of M1M1 and ZZ subjects (p less than 0.001, all comparisons) and the plasma neutrophil elastase inhibitory capacity paralleled the differences in alpha 1AT concentration (p less than 0.001, all comparisons). The association rate constant for neutrophil elastase of the purified S protein was less than that of the normal molecule (S-type, 7.1 +/- 0.1 X 10(6) M-1 s-1; M1-type, 9.6 +/- 0.2 X 10(6) M-1 s-1; p less than 0.001), but much greater than that for the Z molecule (p less than 0.001). Exposure of the purified S protein to increasing oxidant burdens resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the ability of the molecule to inhibit neutrophil elastase in a fashion parallel to that of the M1 and Z proteins. Quantification of ELF alpha 1AT levels and antineutrophil elastase capacity demonstrated that the SS ELF parameters were, as in plasma, intermediate between M1 homozygotes and Z homozygotes. Using the association rate constant together with the quantification of ELF alpha 1AT levels, the "in vivo lung inhibition time" was estimated, yielding an assessment of the relative antineutrophil elastase screen of the PISS lower respiratory tract. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Decision Support Capabilities of Enterprise Management Information System : An Empirical Research

This paper employs quantitative research approach to unearth how the use of management information system (MIS) leads to certain decision-support capabilities among mining companies in Sierra Leone and in the process explores the moderating role of information access and information quality. By identifying the levels of decision support capabilities and MIS use, valuable insight is provided for local businesses on how to achieve IT capability and competitiveness. The correlation analysis demonstrates that all the variables except for speed of decision making had significant impact on the use of information system. The regression result further shows that information access and information quality moderate the impact MIS use have on decision support capabilities. The outcome of the paper can be of benefit to business executives in terms of simplifying their day to day decision making process based on the timely and relevant information. Management information system also ensures the information quality and speed of the decision making process which serve as valuable assets for business managers.
Red blood cell physiology in critical illness

ObjectiveReduction in red blood cell mass, as well as structural and functional alterations of erythrocytes, occurs in critical illness. This review discusses these changes in red blood cell physiology, emphasizing the pathogenesis of anemia in intensive care unit patients. Data SourceStudies published in biomedical journals. Data Synthesis and ConclusionAnemia in intensive care unit patients resembles the anemia of chronic disease, being characterized by diminished erythropoietin production relative to decreased hematocrit, altered iron metabolism, and impaired proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow. Inflammatory mediators play a major role in the development of insufficient erythropoiesis and altered iron metabolism. Furthermore, a proinflammatory milieu promotes structural and functional alterations of erythrocytes, impairing their deformability and possibly impairing microvascular perfusion. Collectively, these changes in red blood cell physiology can impair oxygen transport to tissues and, thereby, might contribute to the development of multiple organ failure in critical illness.
Functional Identification and Characterization of the Brassica Napus Transcription Factor Gene BnAP2, the Ortholog of Arabidopsis Thaliana APETALA2

BnAP2, an APETALA2 (AP2)-like gene, has been isolated from Brassica napus cultivar Zhongshuang 9. The cDNA of BnAP2, with 1, 299 bp in length, encoded a transcription factor comprising of 432 amino acid residues. Results from complementary experiment indicated that BnAP2 was completely capable of restoring the phenotype of Arabidopsis ap2-11 mutant. Together with the sequence and expression data, the complementation data suggested that BnAP2 encodes the ortholog of AtAP2. To address the transcriptional activation of BnAP2, we performed transactivation assays in yeast. Fusion protein of BnAP2 with GAL4 DNA binding domain strongly activated transcription in yeast, and the transactivating activity of BnAP2 was localized to the N-terminal 100 amino acids. To further study the function of BnAP2 involved in the phenotype of B. napus, we used a transgenic approach that involved targeted RNA interference (RNAi) repression induced by ihp-RNA. Floral various phenotype defectives and reduced female fertility were observed in B. napus BnAP2-RNAi lines. Loss of the function of BnAP2 gene also resulted in delayed sepal abscission and senescence with the ethylene-independent pathway. In the strong BnAP2-RNAi lines, seeds showed defects in shape, structure and development and larger size. Strong BnAP2-RNAi and wild-type seeds initially did not display a significant difference in morphology at 10 DAF, but the development of BnAP2-RNAi seeds was slower than that of wild type at 20 DAF, and further at 30 DAF, wild-type seeds were essentially at their final size, whereas BnAP2-RNAi seeds stopped growing and developing and gradually withered.
Antiepileptic drugs, foetal malformations and spontaneous abortions

Some recent studies have found an association between foetal malformations in earlier antiepileptic drug (AED)‐exposed pregnancies and an increased hazard of such malformations in subsequent pregnancies. We investigated this matter further, and also considered the possible role of spontaneous abortions in previous pregnancies, in this situation.
Pre‐ and post‐discharge feeding of very preterm infants: impact on growth and bone mineralization

In this prospective study we examined (1) how the nutritional status of very preterm infants, judged by growth measures and biochemical values, evolved during the initial hospitalization; (2) the effect of feeding on growth after discharge from hospital; and (3) the risk factors associated with low lumbar bone mineral content (BMC) later in infancy. Sixty‐four former preterm infants had their lumbar spine (L2–L4) BMC assessed by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry when they weighed between 5 and 7 kg. Predicted BMC values were calculated based on our previously reported reference lumbar BMC data. These values were used to convert the preterm infants’ BMC values into percentages. The extremely preterm group (gestational age ≤28 weeks) had significantly more respiratory morbidity and longer duration of hospital stay than the more mature infants. Both groups developed growth retardation and malnutrition during the hospital stay. Exclusive breastfeeding after discharge from hospital supported linear catch‐up growth and weight gain but was associated with a 7·0 (1·2–41·7)‐fold risk of having low BMC values. The other factors associated with the risk of having low BMC values later in infancy were low serum phosphate levels at 6 weeks, with a 7·8 (1·6–37·0)‐fold risk, and male gender, with a 4·3 (1·2–16·1)‐fold risk. Appropriately designed interventional studies are needed to improve the growth and nutrition of these infants during initial hospitalization. In order to improve the postdischarge nutrition, we suggest that the amount and duration of multicomponent human milk fortification should be studied further to provide individualized nutrition throughout the catch‐up growth period until the end of the first year of life.
VLBI Images of 49 Radio Supernovae in Arp 220

We have used a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array at 18 cm wavelength to image the nucleus of the luminous IR galaxy Arp 220 at ~1 pc linear resolution, with very high sensitivity. The resulting map has an rms of 5.5 μJy beam-1, and careful image analysis results in 49 confirmed point sources ranging in flux density from 1.2 mJy down to ~60 μJy. Comparison with high-sensitivity data from 12 months earlier reveals at least four new sources. The favored interpretation of these sources is that they are radio supernovae, and if all new supernovae are detectable at this sensitivity, a resulting estimate of the supernova rate in the Arp 220 system is 4 ± 2 per year. The implied star formation rate is sufficient to power the entire observed far-infrared luminosity of the galaxy. The two nuclei of Arp 220 exhibit striking similarities in their radio properties, although the western nucleus is more compact, and appears to be ~3 times more luminous than the eastern nucleus. There are also some puzzling differences, and differential free-free absorption, synchrotron aging, and expansion losses may all be playing a role. Comparison with the nearby starburst galaxy M82 supports the hypothesis that the activity in Arp 220 is essentially a scaled-up version of that in M82.
Encounters with aphid predators or their residues impede searching and oviposition by the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae)

Intraguild predation (IGP) can be an important factor influencing the effectiveness of aphid natural enemies in biological control. In particular, aphid parasitoid foraging could be influenced by the presence of predators. This study investigated the effect of larvae of the predatory hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus DeGeer (Diptera: Syrphidae) and the multicolored Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the foraging behavior of the aphid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) in choice experiments using a leaf disc bioassay. Wasp response to chemical tracks left by those predator larvae was also tested. Parasitoid behavior was recorded using the Observer (Noldus Information Technology, version 5.0, Wageningen, the Netherlands). The experiments were conducted under controlled environmental conditions using leaves of the broad bean plant, Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) with Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae) as the host complex. A. ervi females avoided aphid patches when larvae of either predator were present. A similar avoidance response was shown by A. ervi to aphid patches with E. balteatus larval tracks, whereas no significant response was observed to tracks left by H. axyridis larvae. It was concluded that IG predator avoidance shown by the aphid parasitoid A. ervi may be a factor affecting their distribution among host patches.
Two Types of Functionally Distinct Fiber Containing Structural Protein Complexes Are Produced during Infection of Adenovirus Serotype 5

Adenoviruses are common pathogens. The localization of their receptors coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, and desmoglein-2 in cell-cell junction complexes between polarized epithelial cells represents a major challenge for adenovirus infection from the apical surface. Structural proteins including hexon, penton base and fiber are excessively produced in serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5)-infected cells. We have characterized the composition of structural protein complexes released from Ad5 infected cells and their capacity in remodeling cell-cell junction complexes. Using T84 cells as a model for polarized epithelium, we have studied the effect of Ad5 structural protein complexes in remodeling cell-cell junctions in polarized epithelium. The initial Ad5 infection in T84 cell culture was inefficient. However, progressive distortion of cell-cell junction in association with fiber release was evident during progression of Ad5 infection. Incubation of T84 cell cultures with virion-free supernatant from Ad5 infected culture resulted in distortion of cell-cell junctions and decreased infectivity of Ad5-GFP vector. We used gel filtration chromatography to fractionate fiber containing virion–free supernatant from Ad5 infected culture supernatant. Fiber containing fractions were further characterized for their capacity to inhibit the infection of Ad5-GFP vector, their composition in adenovirus structural proteins using western blot and LC-MS/MS and their capacity in remolding cell-cell junctions. Fiber molecules in complexes containing penton base and hexon, or mainly hexon were identified. Only the fiber complexes with relatively high content of penton base, but not the fiber-hexon complexes with low penton base, were able to penetrate into T84 cells and cause distortion of cell-cell junctions. Our findings suggest that these two types of fiber complexes may play different roles in adenoviral infection.
Step It Up ECU : Comparing a 10000 Step a Day Goal to a Small Relative Step Goal in a Pedometer-Based Physical Activity Intervention

Pedometers have been shown to be valid and effective tools for increasing physical activity which is associated with improved overall health. While most research encourages participants to achieve 10 000 steps per day there is little research conducted on the effectiveness of other types of step goals. The purpose of the present pilot study was to compare the effectiveness of a 10 000 step-a-day goal versus a small relative participant-selected step goal. Participants (N = 37) were primarily female (97%) obese (BMI M = 32.67 SD = 4.60) middle-aged (M = 43.49 SD = 9.14) borderline sedentary (M = 5497 steps/day SD = 2964) Caucasian (59%) and African American (41%) university employees. Participants were randomly assigned to either a: 1) 10 000 daily step goal or b) small changes relative step goal (typically a 2 500-3 000 total step increase). Participants then engaged in weekly 15-minute sessions over a 12 week period. Seven meetings were face-to-face and 5 were conducted via phone. Seventy-three percent of participants completed the study. Measures were given to assess depression life satisfaction and cognitive and behavioral self-management strategies. A repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant main effect of time on step counts (p < 0.001) but no differences between groups (p = 0.52). Notably participants in the relative goal group achieved their step goal increase of approximately 3 000 steps while participants in the 10 000 step group did not meet their 10 000 goal on average. Cognitive and behavioral self-management strategies were related to higher step counts (r = 0.57 p = 0.002) and step count changes (r = 0.43 p = 0.027). Depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and life satisfaction (p = 0.016) improved over the course of the study but did not differ between groups. While these data are preliminary they suggest that both goal types can increase step counts but a relative step count and psychological and behavioral factors play an important role in goal achievement.