Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ACM SIGACT News Distributed Computing Column 33 Teaching Concurrency

Trends in hardware and software are increasing the importance of concurrent programming, in the skill set expected of graduates. The curriculum is fairly full already, so teachers face complicated trade-offs in deciding how to incorporate additional material related to concurrency. In this paper we discuss some of the different ways to cover thread programming; we also survey the literature on this topic from the Computing Education community.
Influence of composition of gasoline - ethanol blends on parameters of internal combustion engines

The purpose of this study is to investigate experimentally and compare the engine performance and pollutant emission of a SI engine using ethanol–gasoline blended fuel and pure gasoline. The results showed that when ethanol is added, the heating value of the blended fuel decreases, while the octane number of the blended fuel increases. The results of the engine test indicated that when ethanol–gasoline blended fuel is used, the engine power and specific fuel consumption of the engine slightly increase; CO emission decreases dramatically as a result of the leaning effect caused by the ethanol addition; HC emission decreases in some engine working conditions; and CO2 emission increases because of the improved combustion.
Dysferlin and Other Non-Red Cell Proteins Accumulate in the Red Cell Membrane of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Patients

Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA) is a congenital anemia usually caused by diverse mutations in ribosomal proteins. Although the genetics of DBA are well characterized, the mechanisms that lead to macrocytic anemia remain unclear. We systematically analyzed the proteomes of red blood cell membranes from multiple DBA patients to determine whether abnormalities in protein translation or erythropoiesis contribute to the observed macrocytosis or alterations in the mature red blood cell membrane. In depth proteome analysis of red cell membranes enabled highly reproducible identification and quantitative comparisons of 1100 or more proteins. These comparisons revealed clear differences between red cell membrane proteomes in DBA patients and healthy controls that were consistent across DBA patients with different ribosomal gene mutations. Proteins exhibiting changes in abundance included those known to be increased in DBA such as fetal hemoglobin and a number of proteins not normally found in mature red cell membranes, including proteins involved in the major histocompatibility complex class I pathway. Most striking was the presence of dysferlin in the red blood cell membranes of DBA patients but absent in healthy controls. Immunoblot validation using red cell membranes isolated from additional DBA patients and healthy controls confirmed a distinct membrane protein signature specific to patients with DBA.
Team morale and leadership styles of project managers in China construction projects

The relationships of project team morale and the supervisory styles of project leaders are examined in this paper based on P-M theories which assume dichotomous styles of performance-oriented and maintenance-oriented leadership. In P-M theories, leadership affects motivational arousal directly through a combination of pressure and support where the work structuring aspects of leadership, which affect motivation by clarifying paths to goals, are less central. Generally, previous research supported both Pand M-oriented leadership styles being consistently and positively related to organisational performance measures, although the M-oriented style of leadership was found to be more effective in functional organisations and P-oriented leadership was more effective in the engineering project field of temporary organisations. Situational contingencies in this study are assumed to affect subordinates’ interpretations of leadership primarily, i.e. the leadership styles reported by subordinates are assumed not to reflect the objective level of leadership behaviour. Instead, those measures reflect the amount of a leadership function that subordinates experience given their own personalities, cultural background and the situational contingencies that they face. The subjects in an exploratory study of joint venture projects in China reported in this paper reflect the influence of leadership styles on the level of team morale and project time performance in given sets of situational contingencies.
Competencies in Clothing and Textiles Needed by Beginning Family and Consumer Sciences Teachers.

A committee of 14 family and consumer sciences (FCS) professionals in North Carolina was formed to review and revise the existing FCS education beginning teacher competencies. Competencies related to clothing and textiles were of particular concern as several appeared to be irrelevant for contemporary FCS programs. The author of this article gathered information for the subcommittee that worked to revise the clothing and textiles competencies. The purpose of this article is to describe the methods and results of that particular endeavor.
Debating the European debt crisis: Government leadership, party ideology and supranational integration as focal points of parliamentary debates in Austria, Germany and the United Kingdom. ACES Cases No. 2012.3

Parliamentary debates about the resolution of the EU debt crisis seem to provide a good example for the frequently assumed “politicizationˮ of European governance. Against this background, the paper argues that in order to make sense of this assumption, a clearer differentiation of three thematic focal points of controversies – with regard to the assessment of government leadership, concerning the debate between competing party ideologies within the left/right dimension, and with regard to the assessment of supranational integration – is needed. Applying this threefold distinction, the paper uses a theory of differential Europeanization to explain differences in the thematic structure of debates in the Austrian Nationalrat, the British House of Commons, and the German Bundestag. Empirically, the paper is based on data gained from the computer-based coding of plenary debates about the resolution of the European debt crisis between 2010 and 2011.
New Families of Wrapped Distributions for Modeling Skew Circular Data

Abstract We discuss circular distributions obtained by wrapping the classical exponential and Laplace distributions on the real line around the circle. We present explicit forms for their densities and distribution functions, as well as their trigonometric moments and related parameters, and discuss main properties of these laws. Both distributions are very promising as models for asymmetric directional data.
INTERNAL KINEMATICS AND STELLAR POPULATIONS OF THE POSTSTARBURST GALAXY SDSS J230743.41+152558.4

We present the first 3D-spectroscopic observations of a nearby H i detected poststarburst, or E+A, galaxy, SDSS J230743.41+152558.4, obtained with the VIMOS IFU spectrograph at ESO VLT. Using the NBursts full spectral fitting technique, we derive maps of stellar kinematics, age, and metallicity out to 2–3 half-light radii. Our analysis reveals a large-scale rapidly rotating disk (vcirc = 300 km s−1) with a positive age gradient (0.6–1.5 Gyr), and a very metal-rich central region ([Fe/H] = +0.25 dex). If a merger or interaction is responsible for triggering the starburst, the presence of this undisturbed disk suggests a minor merger with a gas-rich satellite as the most plausible option, rather than a disruptive major merger. We find spectroscopic evidence for the presence of an active galactic nucleus. This is an important clue to the feedback mechanism that truncated the starburst. The presently observed quiescent phase may well be a temporary episode in the galaxy's life. SDSS J230743.41+152558.4 is gas-rich and may restart forming stars, again becoming blue before finally settling at the red sequence.
Algebraic Extensions of Gaudin Models

Abstract We perform a Inönü–Wigner contraction on Gaudin models, showing how the integrability property is preserved by this algebraic procedure. Starting from Gaudin models we obtain new integrable chains, that we call Lagrange chains, associated to the same linear r-matrix structure. We give a general construction involving rational, trigonometric and elliptic solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation. Two particular examples are explicitly considered: the rational Lagrange chain and the trigonometric one. In both cases local variables of the models are the generators of the direct sum of N interacting tops.
Design of a High-Throughput NoC Router with Neighbor Flow Regulation

The throughput of a Network-on-Chip (NoC) mainly depends on the specific router microarchitecture design. Besides, coordination among routers also plays an important role in the performance of NoC, since router behaviors are closely related, especially between neighbors. In this work we focus on such strong tie between neighbor routers and propose a novel router microarchitecture design with neighbor flow regulation (NFR). We use simple logic and several low-cost wires to build an additional regulation network. Each module in the network collects information of flows in neighbor routers and regulates the arbitration schemes on them to prevent congestion and starvation. Simulation results show that our router design with NFR mechanisms can increase network throughput by 6.7% on average, and is able to achieve nearly 28% improvement in switch matching efficiency under hot-spot traffic.
Temperament and Character in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS): Comparison to the General Population, and Genetic Structure Analysis

Background The Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) is an on-going, large population-based longitudinal twin study. We aimed (1) to investigate the reliability of two different versions (125-items and 238-items) of Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) used in the CATSS and the validity of extracting the short version from the long version, (2) to compare these personality dimensions between twins and adolescents from the general population, and (3) to investigate the genetic structure of Cloninger's model. Method Reliability and correlation analyses were conducted for both TCI versions, 2,714 CATSS-twins were compared to 631 adolescents from the general population, and the genetic structure was investigated through univariate genetic analyses, using a model-fitting approach with structural equation-modeling techniques based on same-sex twin pairs from the CATSS (423 monozygotic and 408 dizygotic pairs). Results The TCI scores from the short and long versions showed comparable reliability coefficients and were strongly correlated. Twins scored about half a standard deviation higher in the character scales. Three of the four temperament dimensions (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Persistence) had strong genetic and non-shared environmental effects, while Reward Dependence and the three character dimensions had moderate genetic effects, and both shared and non-shared environmental effects. Conclusions Twins showed higher scores in character dimensions compared to adolescents from the general population. At least among adolescents there is a shared environmental influence for all of the character dimensions, but only for one of the temperament dimensions (i.e., Reward Dependence). This specific finding regarding the existence of shared environmental factors behind the character dimensions in adolescence, together with earlier findings showing a small shared environmental effects on character among young adults and no shared environmental effects on character among adults, suggest that there is a shift in type of environmental influence from adolescence to adulthood regarding character.
Lyapunov Functions and Duality for Convex Processes

The paper studies convex Lyapunov functions for differential and difference inclusions with right-hand sides given by convex processes, that is, by set-valued mappings the graphs of which are convex cones. Convex conjugacy between weak Lyapunov functions for such inclusions and Lyapunov functions for adjoint inclusions is established. Asymptotic stability concepts are compared, and the existence of convex Lyapunov functions for classes of convex processes is shown. The relevance of the results for the study of asymptotic controllability or stabilizability and of detectability for linear control systems with conical control and state constraints is underlined.
Supramolecular Complexes Mediate Selenocysteine Incorporation In Vivo

ABSTRACT Selenocysteine incorporation in eukaryotes occurs cotranslationally at UGA codons via the interactions of RNA-protein complexes, one comprised of selenocysteyl (Sec)-tRNA[Ser]Sec and its specific elongation factor, EFsec, and another consisting of the SECIS element and SECIS binding protein, SBP2. Other factors implicated in this pathway include two selenophosphate synthetases, SPS1 and SPS2, ribosomal protein L30, and two factors identified as binding tRNA[Ser]Sec, termed soluble liver antigen/liver protein (SLA/LP) and SECp43. We report that SLA/LP and SPS1 interact in vitro and in vivo and that SECp43 cotransfection increases this interaction and redistributes all three proteins to a predominantly nuclear localization. We further show that SECp43 interacts with the selenocysteyl-tRNA[Ser]Sec-EFsec complex in vitro, and SECp43 coexpression promotes interaction between EFsec and SBP2 in vivo. Additionally, SECp43 increases selenocysteine incorporation and selenoprotein mRNA levels, the latter presumably due to circumvention of nonsense-mediated decay. Thus, SECp43 emerges as a key player in orchestrating the interactions and localization of the other factors involved in selenoprotein biosynthesis. Finally, our studies delineating the multiple, coordinated protein-nucleic acid interactions between SECp43 and the previously described selenoprotein cotranslational factors resulted in a model of selenocysteine biosynthesis and incorporation dependent upon both cytoplasmic and nuclear supramolecular complexes.
Immediate Reward Bias in Humans: Fronto-Parietal Networks and a Role for the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase 158Val/Val Genotype

The tendency to choose lesser immediate benefits over greater long-term benefits characterizes alcoholism and other addictive disorders. However, despite its medical and socioeconomic importance, little is known about its neurobiological mechanisms. Brain regions that are activated when deciding between immediate or delayed rewards have been identified (McClure et al., 2004, 2007), as have areas in which responses to reward stimuli predict a paper-and-pencil measure of temporal discounting (Hariri et al., 2006). These studies assume “hot” and “cool” response selection systems, with the hot system proposed to generate impulsive choices in the presence of a proximate reward. However, to date, brain regions in which the magnitude of activity during decision making reliably predicts intertemporal choice behavior have not been identified. Here we address this question in sober alcoholics and non-substance-abusing control subjects and show that immediate reward bias directly scales with the magnitude of functional magnetic resonance imaging bold oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during decision making at sites within the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC), and rostral parahippocampal gyrus regions. Conversely, the tendency of an individual to wait for a larger, delayed reward correlates directly with BOLD signal in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex. In addition, genotype at the Val158Met polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene predicts both impulsive choice behavior and activity levels in the dPFC and PPC during decision making. These genotype effects remained significant after controlling for alcohol abuse history. These results shed new light on the neurobiological underpinnings of temporal discounting behavior and identify novel behavioral and neural consequences of genetic variation in dopamine metabolism.
Favoritism in the Turkish Educational System: Nepotism, Cronyism and Patronage

In almost all systems there have been unethical behaviors that take place in written and visual media. Of all these unethical behaviors, favoritism takes precedence. This study was conducted to investigate whether or not the administrators favor some people in the Turkish national education system and also to reveal the teachers’ thoughts on whether or not the administrators (central, provincial, and school administrators) show favoritism in their decisions and practices. In the study, a scale was constructed to collect data, and its validity and reliability were checked. After a group of teachers tested the scale, the results indicated that the teachers tend to believe that central, provincial and school administrators are partial in favor of some people in the Turkish national education system. Teachers believe that favoritism has existed in the following areas: the appointment of central administrators in the ministry of national education, in school administrators and teachers, in providing educational materials for schools, in selecting schools to take part in activities, in promoting teachers to a higher position or appointing them to positions abroad; about tendering investments in the provincial education administration, in opening private schools, courses and institutions, in the distribution of funds to schools, as well as the use of buildings, establishments and materials provided by the ministry; in the practice of school administrators about the tolerance for teachers’ having permission for any reasons, in teachers beginning courses and leaving classrooms on time, and finally in selecting participants for activities from which they can benefit financially and academically. Participants believe that administrators neglect skills and abilities, and that they behave show favoritism about the issues mentioned above in favor of their friends, fellow countrymen, and those having political views that align with their own.
Visual Differences In Colour Reproduction And Their Colorimetric Correlates

This paper first presents a summary of a psychophysical experiment in which observers made judgements about the types of differences they perceived between originals and reproductions in a cross–media colour image reproduction. The results of the observer–reported visual data from that experiment are then compared with analogous metrics extracted from colorimetric data of the corresponding originals and reproductions. While there is a good agreement in terms of the most general findings, looking at more detailed results shows significant differences between visual and colorimetrically–based data. The paper then proceeds to describe a colorimetrically based metric that takes into account some aspects of the visual system and using information both about the statistics of colour differences, of the original images and of changes to spatial characteristics is able to give a close prediction of observer responses. The final metric is proposed for further testing as a means of predicting observer responses of image difference in colour reproduction as well as in other applications.
Physicians build less rapport with obese patients

Physicians' negative attitudes toward patients with obesity are well documented. Whether or how these beliefs may affect patient–physician communication is unknown. To describe the relationship between patient body mass index (BMI) and physician communication behaviors (biomedical, psychosocial/lifestyle, and rapport building) during typical outpatient primary care visits was aimed.
On the foundations of analytical dynamics

In this paper, we present the general structure for the explicit equations of motion for general mechanical systems subjected to holonomic and non-holonomic equality constraints. The constraints considered here need not satisfy D’Alembert’s principle, and our derivation is not based on the principle of virtual work. Therefore, the equations obtained here have general applicability. They show that in the presence of such constraints, the constraint force acting on the system can always be viewed as made up of the sum of two components. The explicit form for each of the two components is provided. The 5rst of these components is the constraint force that would have existed, were all the constraints ideal; the second is caused by the non-ideal nature of the constraints, and though it needs speci5cation by the mechanician and depends on the particular situation at hand, this component nonetheless has a speci5c form. The paper also provides a generalized form of D’Alembert’s principle which is then used to obtain the explicit equations of motion for constrained mechanical systems where the constraints may be non-ideal. We show an example where the new general, explicit equations of motion obtained in this paper are used to directly write the equations of motion for describing a non-holonomically constrained system with non-ideal constraints. Lastly, we provide a geometrical description of constrained motion and thereby exhibit the simplicity with which Nature seems to operate. 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Professional Learning and Distributed Leadership: A Symbiotic Relationship

Pedagogical improvement in early childhood education (ECE) is critically impacted by leadership and professional learning. Despite this importance, government funding for ECE professional learning has been significantly reduced over the past decade. Meanwhile, a growing body of research is suggesting that teacher professional learning is most effective when contextualised and sustained over time. In ECE, positional leaders have responsibility for ensuring ongoing teacher professional learning and the development of the programme while developing a culture of distributed leadership. This interpretive mixed-methods study examined the practices and perceptions of ECE teachers and leaders about leadership and professional learning. Surveys and interviews were designed to reveal the relationship between distributed leadership and professional learning in ECE settings and sought to discover practices of effective positional leaders in facilitating both. From the results of this study, it emerged that distributed leadership and professional learning are symbiotic and that ECE positional leaders need to develop certain leadership practices within their services in order to successfully foster both.
Is the KLSE efficient? Efficient market hypothesis vs behavioral finance

Over the last 100years since Bachelier (1900)pioneering work on Random Walk Hypothesis, studies on the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) have revealed mixed evidence. EMH states that stock prices reflect information. In an efficient market the prices of stocks reflect a rational assessment of the underlying worth of stocks. On average you will make money but the money you make is just enough to cover the risk you have assumed. If markets are efficient then new information is reflected quickly into market prices. Conversely, if markets are inefficient, information is reflected only slowly into market prices, if at all. EMH also presupposes an ability to detect incorrectly priced securities and profitable arbitraging opportunities which move the market towards efficiency. After the first marginal investor had profited from a price increase (or decrease), subsequent investors with the same information obtain no significant profits. This means that, in general, majority of investors cannot consistently profit from any delays in price adjustment reflecting new information. However continuous stream of well-documented evidence from the behavioural finance literature suggest that markets are inefficient. This paper attempts to review this controversy based on world evidence at large and with special reference to the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange and offers suitable panacea to rationalize this phenomena.