Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of a Novel Human PP1 Phosphatase Complex*

Mammalian Wdr82 is a regulatory component of the Setd1a and Setd1b histone H3-lysine 4 methyltransferase complexes and is implicated in the tethering of Setd1 complexes to transcriptional start sites of active genes. In the studies reported here, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses reveal that Wdr82 additionally associates with multiple protein complexes, including an RNA polymerase II complex, four distinct histone H3-Lys4 methyltransferase complexes, protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-associated proteins, a chaperonin-containing Tcp1 complex, and other uncharacterized proteins. Further characterization of the PP1-associated proteins identified a stable multimeric complex composed of regulatory subunits PNUTS, Tox4, and Wdr82 and a PP1 catalytic subunit (denoted as the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex). The PTW/PP1 complex exhibits in vitro phosphatase activity in a PP1-dependent manner. Analysis of protein-protein interactions reveals that PNUTS mediates phosphatase complex formation by providing a binding platform to each component. The PNUTS and Tox4 subunits are predominantly associated with the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex in HEK293 cells, and the integrity of this complex remains intact throughout cell cycle progression. Inducible expression of a PP1 interaction-defective form of PNUTS (W401A) or small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of PNUTS in HEK293 cells causes cell cycle arrest at mitotic exit and apoptotic cell death. PNUTS (W401A) shows normal association with chromosomes but causes defects in the process of chromosome decondensation at late telophase. These data reveal that mammalian Wdr82 functions in a variety of cellular processes and reveal a potential role of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex in the regulation of chromatin structure during the transition from mitosis into interphase.
Cutaneous Metastases in Neonates: A Review

Abstract: Two hundred eight neonates with malignant tumors and cutaneous metastases were reviewed. Malignancies most often associated with cutaneous metastases, in order of rank, were leukemia, multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis, neuroblastoma, rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, choriocarcinoma, and adrenocortical carcinoma. Bluish skin nodules producing the “blueberry muffin baby”‐like appearance were the most common dermatologic finding in 171, or 82% of 208 neonates. The tendency of newborns to present with skin nodules is one of the significant differences between malignancies in younger and older children. Patients with rhabdoid tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma had the lowest survival rates, 4% and 15%, respectively, compared with leukemia, 37.5%, and neuroblastoma, 58%. Overall survival was 39%.
Diagnostic and prognostic implications of circulating cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.

PURPOSE Natural killer/T-cell (NK/T-cell) lymphoma is a highly aggressive tumor for which no serological tumor marker has yet been established to be useful clinically. We investigated the potential of circulating EBV DNA as a tumor marker for this malignancy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A real-time quantitative PCR assay was used to measure circulating EBV DNA. RESULTS Plasma EBV DNA levels were measured in 18 patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma at presentation and during therapy. Plasma EBV DNA was detected in 17 of the 18 patients (median, 659 copies/ml; interquartile range, 181-17,042 copies/ml) but in none of 35 control subjects (p < 0.0001). Serial measurements of plasma EBV DNA levels during therapy showed a close correlation between clinical response and changes in plasma EBV DNA levels. Clinically responding patients showed a fall of plasma EBV DNA levels to low or undetectable levels, whereas those who failed therapy showed a rapid increase in plasma EBV DNA levels. Most importantly, patients with high baseline plasma EBV DNA levels (> or = 600 copies/ml) demonstrated a significantly inferior survival than those with low baseline plasma EBV DNA (< 600 copies/ml; 21% versus 78%; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Plasma EBV DNA, as measured by real-time quantitative PCR, is a useful tumor marker for diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prediction of outcome in patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma.
Observing vocational practice: a critical investigation of the use and value of teaching observations in the training of vocational teachers

This thesis explores the use, value and practice of teaching observations conducted as part of vocational teachers’ in-service initial teacher training (ITT) in Further Education (FE) Colleges in England. The study is framed by a conceptual examination of the meanings of vocational, vocational learning and observation. This thesis emphasises the importance of understanding vocational learning as an embodied practice and as ‘learning as participation’ in the workplace and in work-related settings. It conceptualises vocational learning as part of the development of expertise along a horizontal axis, which encompasses social and cultural aspects from different disciplinary and/or vocational areas and not only cognitive dimensions. The thesis presents a conceptualisation of the observation of teaching as a contexualised and developmental process. Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) is used to both frame the research methodology and subsequent analysis. A case study approach addresses the research questions through the observation of ‘observations’ and interviews with vocational teachers, teacher educators, and vocational mentors. Two distinct activity systems are subsequently defined by their respective yet interacting objects of activity. These are identified as the development of ‘pedagogic expertise’ and the development of ‘pedagogic expertise for vocational practice’. The thesis confirms the value of ITT teaching observations to vocational teachers’ development. It concludes with some implications for practice and contributes to our understanding of vocational teachers’ learning and development.
Basement membrane-dependent survival of retinal ganglion cells.

PURPOSE The present study investigates the role of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) in the survival of ganglion cells (GCs) in embryonic chick and mouse retina. METHODS In chick embryos, the ILM was enzymatically removed at embryonic day (E)5 and E7 in ovo, and GCs were counted over the following 7 days of incubation. In mice, the ILM ruptured early in development due to a targeted mutation of laminin-gamma1. The number of surviving GCs in late embryonic homozygous mutant mice was compared to GC counts in heterozygotic and nonmutant siblings. The survival of GCs was also assayed in vitro, using the ILM as a substrate. RESULTS When the ILM was removed in E5 chick embryos, almost all GCs underwent apoptosis by E10. GC apoptosis was prevented by reconstituting the ILM shortly after its disruption. Apoptosis of retinal GCs also occurred in mouse embryos with a fragmented ILM. ILM disruption in both chick and mice not only affected GC survival but also led to the retraction of the end-feet processes of radial cells from the GC layer. In vitro, GCs thrived better on substrates of radial cell end feet than on plain ILM, indicating that the contact with the end feet is more important than the presence of the ILM for GC survival. CONCLUSIONS The radial cell end feet are the natural substrate for GCs and are essential for their survival. The importance of the ILM lies in its function to anchor the radial end feet to the vitreal surface of the retina.
Transcendence and the Curriculum

The purpose of this paper is to show the significance of transcendence for the interpretation and evaluation of educational theory and practice. I shall begin by stating what is meant by this concept, indicating certain allied and contrasting ideas, and analyzing several dimensions of experience to which it pertains. I shall then apply the concept, showing its relation to a number of general dispositions that are important in teaching and learning. Finally, I shall suggest somewhat more specifically the consequences for the curriculum that flow from acknowledging and celebrating transcendence. The method used in this analysis may be characterized as both phenomenological and empirical. It is phenomenological in that I endeavor to categorize certain phases of human consciousness as immediately presented in introspection. It is empirical in that throughout an appeal is made to human experience, without recourse to supernatural interventions, or if the latter are to be acknowledged, that their meaning is to be interpreted in terms of experiential categories. Thus I am engaging in what is customarily called natural theology, as distinguished from revealed theology. I do not begin with a presumed commitment to the faith of a given historic community, but with what I presume to be universal or universalizable experiences, the analysis of which is open to the scrutiny of natural reason. I confess that there is a faith underlying these reflections, and that it probably consists of a certain cluster of commitments and primordial persuasions that have their genesis in the life of the community of learning as I have experienced it. Accordingly, this effort may be regarded as the explication of what I consider to be certain faith presuppositions of the educative community, utilizing some of the conceptual apparatus of modern philosophical natural theology, with deductive elaborations to show what educational aims and practices are coherent with those presuppositions.
Physical activity and health promotion in Italian university students.

INTRODUCTION Physical activity, diet plans, the mantainment of a certain Body Mass Index (BMI) and the use of various types of supplementation are common elements in the search for disease prevention, health promotion and well-being. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the data regarding Italian university students' BMI, dieting behaviour, personal body perception, exercise habits, and use of dietary supplements and of doping substances. RESULTS 13.7% resulted being underweight, 75.1% was in the normal range, 9.8% was overweight, and 1.4% was obese. 11.0% were on a diet. 25.8% of the students reported never doing any type of physical activity. 0.9% admitted consuming doping substances. The percentage of overweight/obese students increases from 8.8% of the 18-21 year olds to 18.1% of the 25-30 year olds. Similarly, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 18.5% among male population and 7.5% among the female one. DISCUSSION The data deriving from this questionnaire showed that while the majority of university students has a BMI in the normal range, 11.2% of the study population is overweight/obese. Males present a higher risk of being overweight or obese. An important part of the population showed to be sedentary even though data coming from our study are aligned to further evidence. CONCLUSION The most important concern arising from the questionnaire is represented by physical inactivity. Indeed, it is necessary to encourage and plan initiatives aimed at promoting physical activity in university students.
Spatially coupled codes over the multiple access channel

We consider spatially coupled code ensembles over a multiple access channel. Convolutional LDPC ensembles are one instance of spatially coupled codes. It was shown recently that, for transmission over the binary erasure channel, this coupling of individual code ensembles has the effect of increasing the belief propagation threshold of the coupled ensembles to the maximum a-posteriori threshold of the underlying ensemble. In this sense, spatially coupled codes were shown to be capacity achieving. It was observed, empirically, that these codes are universal in the sense that they achieve performance close to the Shannon threshold for any general binary-input memoryless symmetric channels. In this work we provide further evidence of the threshold saturation phenomena when transmitting over a class of multiple access channel. We show, by density evolution analysis and EXIT curves, that the belief propagation threshold of the coupled ensembles is very close to the ultimate Shannon limit.
Subtitling for deaf children: Granting accessibility to audiovisual programmes in an educational way

This thesis is a contribution towards the subtitling practice of audiovisual programmes for deaf children. It starts by offering an overview of relevant research on Subtitling for the Deaf and the Hard of Hearing (SDH), conducted both in the UK and abroad. A descriptive and comprehensive study on how children’s programmes broadcast in British television are subtitled for deaf children constitutes the starting point of the project. In an attempt to gain an understanding on how deaf children read subtitles, the linguistic difficulties encountered in the acquisition of a spoken language as well as their reading characteristics are examined. In doing so, contributions from both Deaf Studies and Audiovisual Translation are considered. Deaf children are placed in their social context and the different types of hearing loss, prelingual and postlingual deafness, and cochlear implantation are discussed. Education for the deaf is also tackled, encompassing the history, philosophies and current trends. The ultimate aim of the project is to contribute to the subtitling practice of deaf children by conducting empirical analysis. Hands-on research is conducted with a group of deaf children recruited from a mainstream school. Case studies are used in the piloting leading to the main experiment, which consists of exploring techniques to enhance word recognition and content comprehension. The findings of the main experiment, analysed using statistics, and the children's feedback, obtained orally at the end of the main activity and presented in a narrative form, are discussed as a contribution towards future research.
A framework for assessing frequency domain causality in physiological time series with instantaneous effects

We present an approach for the quantification of directional relations in multiple time series exhibiting significant zero-lag interactions. To overcome the limitations of the traditional multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) modelling of multiple series, we introduce an extended MVAR (eMVAR) framework allowing either exclusive consideration of time-lagged effects according to the classic notion of Granger causality, or consideration of combined instantaneous and lagged effects according to an extended causality definition. The spectral representation of the eMVAR model is exploited to derive novel frequency domain causality measures that generalize to the case of instantaneous effects the known directed coherence (DC) and partial DC measures. The new measures are illustrated in theoretical examples showing that they reduce to the known measures in the absence of instantaneous causality, and describe peculiar aspects of directional interaction among multiple series when instantaneous causality is non-negligible. Then, the issue of estimating eMVAR models from time-series data is faced, proposing two approaches for model identification and discussing problems related to the underlying model assumptions. Finally, applications of the framework on cardiovascular variability series and multichannel EEG recordings are presented, showing how it allows one to highlight patterns of frequency domain causality consistent with well-interpretable physiological interaction mechanisms.
Saints and Postmodernism: Revisioning Moral Philosophy

"In this exciting and important work, Wyschogrod attempts to read contemporary ethical theory against the vast unwieldy tapestry that is postmodernism. [A] provocative and timely study. "-Michael Gareffa, "Theological Studies" "A 'must' for readers interested in the borderlands between philosophy, hagiography, and ethics. "-Mark I. Wallace, "Religious Studies Review"
Predictors of workplace absenteeism in cancer care workers

In a logistic regression model (Table ii), younger employees (less than 40 years of age) had a risk of high sickness absence that was significantly increased compared with the risk for older employees [odds ratio (or): 2.60; 95% confidence interval ( ci): 1.44 to 4.72]. A significantly increased risk of high sick ness absence (or: 2.08; 95% ci: 1.02 to 4.27) was also observed for low job level workers as compared with high job level workers. As compared with than female workers, male workers showed a significantly decreased risk of high sickness absence (or: 0.35; 95% ci: 0.16 to 0.78). A significantly decreased risk of high sickness absence (or: 0.35; 95% ci: 0.16 to 0.78) was observed in part-time workers as compared with full-time workers. As compared with workers employed for 5 years or more, workers employed for less than 5 years had a significantly decreased risk of high sickness absence (or: 0.42; 95% ci: 0.16 to 0.80).
Cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels of magnesium, zinc, and calcium in man

DESPITE THE ADVENT in 1960 of more accurate methods of determining trace metal contents of biological fluids, relatively little information has accumulated concerning their concentrations and interrelationship in cerebrospinal fluid. In 1927 Cohen' first described the relationship between serum and cerebrospinal fluid magnesium and found the cerebrospinal fluid magnesium values were 25 to 35% higher than that of serum. He found, in addition, that the magnesium content of the cerebrospinal fluid was independent of the age or sex of the patient and independent of the cell or protein content of the fluid. During periods of observation up to six hours, fluctuations in the serum magnesium failed to affect the cerebrospinal fluid concentration. With meningitis, however, the gradient between serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations tended to disappear. Other workers2 confirmed these observations and noted constancy of cerebrospinal fluid magnesium in a variety of neurologic diseases other than meningitis. In 1960, Maclntyre and associates" described a simplified method of measurement by flame spectrophotometry which also increased the accuracy of the determination. In 1965 Pallis and co-worker9 studied serum and cerebrospinal fluid magnesium content in various diseases. The previously noted observations were confirmed, and in two instances of infantile tetany, the cerebrospinal fluid magnesium was within normal limits, although the serum magnesium was quite low. Experi-
p35 and p39 Are Essential for Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 Function during Neurodevelopment

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) plays a pivotal role in brain development and neuronal migration. Cdk5 is abundant in postmitotic, terminally differentiated neurons. The ability of Cdk5 to phosphorylate substrates is dependent on activation by its neuronal-specific activators p35 and p39. There exist striking differences in the phenotypic severity of Cdk5-deficient mice and p35-deficient mice. Cdk5-null mutants show a more severe disruption of lamination in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. In addition, Cdk5-null mice display perinatal lethality, whereas p35-null mice are viable. These discrepancies have been attributed to the function of other Cdk5 activators, such as p39. To understand the roles of p39 and p35, we created p39-null mice and p35/p39 compound-mutant mice. Interestingly, p39-null mice show no obvious detectable abnormalities, whereas p35–/–p39–/– double-null mutants are perinatal lethal. We show here that the p35–/–p39–/– mutants exhibit phenotypes identical to those of the Cdk5-null mutant mice. Other compound-mutant mice with intermediate phenotypes allow us to determine the distinct and redundant functions between p35 and p39. Our data strongly suggest that p35 and p39 are essential for Cdk5 activity during the development of the nervous system. Thus, p35 and p39 are likely to be the principal, if not the only, activators of Cdk5.
Relationships among birth-month distribution, skeletal age and anthropometric characteristics in adolescent elite soccer players

Abstract The aim of the present study was to clarify relationships among the distribution of birth month, maturation and body size in young soccer players. We therefore examined physical and maturational differences between selected players, who were considered to have higher potential to play soccer at a professional level as decided subjectively by coaches, and unselected players. Participants were 332 elite soccer players (mean age = 12.2 ± 1.5 years; range = 9.1–15.0 years). Participants were divided into six categories (under = U10 to U15), depending on chronological age. Height, body mass skeletal age and maturation difference (skeletal age – chronological age) were compared among four groups (quarter = Q1 to Q4) depending on month of birth. Overall, the distribution of players across the four quarters was skewed such that numbers were greatest in Q1 and smallest in Q4. No significant differences in maturation difference were observed between birth quarters in any age category. On the other hand, except for the U14 age category, there were no significant differences in height between Q4 and Q1 players. However, the height of Q4 players was significantly smaller than those of Q1 in three (U11, U13 and U14, P < 0.01) of six categories when maturation difference was statistically controlled. Our results suggest a clear bias toward quarter of birth and this bias may depend to some extent on differences in individual skeletal age and body size. Individual biological maturation should thus be considered when selecting adolescent soccer players.
Researching sexual behavior : methodological issues

In 1996, The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction hosted an international meeting to address the issues of survey research into sexual behavior, driven predominantly by concern over HIV and AIDS and the need to establish the frequency of behaviors which might facilitate spread of the virus. The participants included representatives from most of the recent large scale surveys in the United States and Europe, and others with a wide range of research experience and methodological expertise. These are the papers from that conference.
Effect of protein conformation on rate of deamidation: Ribonuclease A

The effect of the folded conformation of a protein on the rate of deamidation of a specific asparaginyl residue has been determine. Native and unfolded ribonuclease A (RNase A) could be compared under identical conditions, because stable unfolded protein was generated by breaking irreversibly the protein disulfide bonds.
Comparative Effectiveness of Matching Methods for Causal Inference

Matching methods for causal inference selectively prune observations from the data in order to reduce model dependence. They are successful when simultaneously maximizing balance (between the treated and control groups on the pre-treatment covariates) and the number of observations remaining in the data set. However, existing matching methods either fix the matched sample size ex ante and attempt to reduce imbalance as a result of the procedure (e.g., propensity score and Mahalanobis distance matching) or fix imbalance ex ante and attempt to lose as few observations as possible ex post (e.g., coarsened exact matching and calpier-based approaches). As an alternative, we offer a simple graphical approach that addresses both criteria simultaneously and lets the user choose a matching solution from the imbalancesample size frontier. In the process of applying our approach, we also discover that propensity score matching (PSM) often approximates random matching, both in real applications and in data simulated by the processes that fit PSM theory. Moreover, contrary to conventional wisdom, random matching is not benign: it (and thus often PSM) can degrade inferences relative to not matching at all. Other methods we study do not have these or other problems we describe. However, with our easy-to-use graphical approach, users can focus on choosing a matching solution for a particular application rather than whatever method happened to be used to generate it.