Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When More Is Less and Less Is More: the Role of Ideal Point Availability and Assortment in Consumer Choice This Research Argues That Choices from Different Size Assort- Ments Are a Function of the Degree to Which Consumers Have

Contrary to the common wisdom that more choice is always better, selections made from large assortments can lead to weaker preferences. Building on the extant literature, this research identifies ideal point availability as a key factor moderating the impact of assortment on choice. It is proposed that, in the case of large assortments, ideal point availability can simplify choice, leading to a stronger preference for the selected alternative. In contrast, for choices made from smaller assortments, ideal point availability is proposed to have the opposite effect, leading to weaker preferences. Data obtained from four experiments lend support for the theory and the empirical predictions advanced in this article. A common assumption in marketing is that assortment benefits consumers. This assumption is consistent with the prediction by classic economic theories that larger assortments should always be beneficial for consumers because they provide for a potentially better match between consumers' own preferences and the product offering. Recent research, however, has suggested that increasing the size of the choice set may have adverse consequences on the strength of preferences because it can confuse consumers , increasing the probability of delaying their choice or not choosing at all Most of the recent decision research has focused on demonstrating the adverse impact of large assortments on choice without explicitly identifying conditions moderating this effect. In this context, the goal of this article is to identify factors that determine when large product assortments will strengthen consumer preferences, as predicted by traditional economics literature, and when large assortments will weaken preferences, as suggested by recent findings in the behavioral decision literature. associate editor, and the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and assistance. a readily available ideal attribute combination. In particular, it is proposed that, when choosing from a larger assortment, consumers with an available ideal point are likely to have stronger preferences for the chosen option than consumers without an available ideal attribute combination. In contrast, when choosing from a smaller assortment, consumers with an available ideal point are likely to have weaker preferences for the chosen option than consumers without an available ideal attribute combination. The psychological mechanism of how the availability of an ideal attribute combination moderates the impact of assortment on consumer preferences is discussed in more detail in the next sections. Extant research has identified several factors that could potentially increase the strength of consumer preferences in the context of larger …
Student nurse perceptions of supervision and clinical learning environment: a phenomenological research study

Objetivo: Analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre la relación de supervisión y ambiente de aprendizaje clínico durante sus prácticas clínicas. Metodología: Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo con un enfoque fenomenológico. Los datos se recogieron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas de grupos focales. Se realizó un muestro intencionado y se conformó una muestra de 48 estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de Alicante (España). Las entrevistas fueron transcritas textualmente y analizadas utilizando el método “Stage by stage”. A partir del análisis surgió una estructura en forma de árbol con cuatro categorías: individualización, innovación en enseñanza clínica, participación de los estudiantes y relación entre enfermera tutora-estudiante de enfermería. Resultados: El estudio muestra que no hay individualización en el proceso de aprendizaje clínico. La participación de los estudiantes en las actividades de la unidad depende de su experiencia, de las características de la unidad, del equipo de enfermería y del tutor. Los estudiantes sienten que el papel del tutor de prácticas no está claramente definido. La ansiedad, la vulnerabilidad y los sentimientos de ser “trabajadores temporales” son comunes entre los estudiantes de enfermería. Conclusiones: Estos resultados deben conducir a reflexiones más profundas sobre los elementos estudiados del proceso de supervisión y del entorno de aprendizaje clínico. Más concretamente en los aspectos de individualización, participación de los estudiantes, sentimientos y la elucidación del papel del enfermero tutor.
Investigating non-engagement with feedback in higher education as a social practice

Abstract Quality in feedback processes rests on students’ engagement with them. A crucial question is therefore why students do not always engage. Scholars have defined engagement as a social practice, pointing to the influence of context but without explaining its nature. The purpose of this article is to argue that existing approaches without a theory of the social cannot fully explain non-engagement and that a practice theoretical approach may fill this gap. It introduces Stephen Kemmis' practice ontology and demonstrates how a feedback practice can be analysed to explain a weak engagement. The article’s contribution to research in engagement with feedback is a new ontology of practice and its methodological apparatus.
First AKT Workshop on Semantic Web Services AKT-SWS 04

This paper describes shimantic web syndrome, the use of “shims” to align or mediate mismatching third party Web Services that have closely related, but incompatible, inputs and outputs. The syndrome is illustrated using services from Grid bioinformatics analyses. An ontology driven treatment for managing this syndrome through semiautomated service discovery and invocation is outlined. This treatment is likely to be applicable to other domains.
Early Learning Experiences and Teacher-Efficacy As Predictors of Pupils‟Competencies in Early Primary School Grades in Rural Kenya

Pre-primary school learning experiences lays a strong foundation for pupils’ later academic progression and achievement. The experiences equip learners with the requisite competencies and abilities for formal and life-long learning including basic literacy and numeracy skills. Premised on this commonality, the purpose of this study was to establish pupils’ academic achievement in literacy and numeracy on entry to standard one and whether pre-primary school learning experiences and teachers’ level self-efficacy predicted pupil’s literacy and numeracy achievement. The study also investigated pre-primary school learning experiences and teachers’ self-efficacy’s predictive value of standard one pupils’ literacy and numeracy achievement. Free primary school in Kenya is mandatory for six year olds irrespective of their backgrounds. Pre-primary school education is therefore not a requirement for joining primary one (Standard one) class. In a typical standard one class in Kenya, one would expect pupils with unequal pre-primary school learning experiences. Teacher’s self-efficacy equally could influence pupils’ academic achievement. Two theories guided this study; Albert Bandura’s self-efficacy theory (1982) and the Ecological Systems theory by Urie Bronfenbrenner (1979). Ex post facto research design was used to guide the study. Variables of the study included pre-primary school experiences, gender, teachers’ self-efficacy and type of school. The study was conducted in Gucha District of Kisii County, Kenya. The target population was both public and private primary schools in the District. All standard one pupils and their teachers of the sample schools participated. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were employed. Eight (8) primary schools formed the sample of the study. A total of six public and two private schools formed the study sample. This was comprised of 16% of the population. The total sample was 154 pupils and eight (8) teachers. Descriptive and inferential techniques were employed to analyze data. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme was used to analyze data. Means and percentages were calculated and inferential statistics involved Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). ANOVA was used to test, H01, H02, H03 and H04 while H05 was analyzed using multiple regression. A P ≤ 0.05 level of significance was accepted. The findings of the study revealed that pre-primary school learning experiences together with teachers’ level of self-efficacy significantly predicted pupils’ literacy and numeracy achievement. One of the recommendations based on the study findings was that policy makers at both central and county governments should invest substantial resources in pre-primary school programmes in order to improve academic outcomes in primary school level to avoid investing too much too late.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA DOSEN SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU EKONOMI RIAU

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja dosen pada Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Riau. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah dosen STIE Riau yang berjumlah 54 orang. Dan sampel berjumlah 54 orang dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu sampling jenuh. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan uji reliabilitas, regresi linear sederhana, uji R 2 dan uji t. Pengujian tersebut dilakukan guna untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Riau. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa kompetensi dengan nilai R square di dapat 0,541, yang berarti kompetensi memberikan kontribusi sumbangan sebesar 54,1% terhadap kinerja dosen, serta berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja dosen dengan tingkat sig. 0,000. Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa hipotesis kompetensi dapat diterima kebenarannya. Kata Kunci: kompetensi, kinerja dosen
Quality over Quantity: A Lineage-Survival Strategy of Elite Families in Premodern Korea

In this article, we study social mobility across multiple generations in premodern Korea. Using two extant oldest family records, jokbo, we construct a prospective genealogical microdata containing the entire records of public offices and reproduction over five generations of the two elite family lineages in premodern Korea. We argue that the confluence of an ambiguous stratification system with a limited number of high-ranking offices generated a trade-off for parents between the quantity and quality of positions attained by their offspring. The result of the trade-off was unequal distributions of mobility-related family resources to maximize the lineage’s collective goal, rather than to maximize individual children’s social ranks. Using a novel empirical strategy to consider the heterogeneous resource-allocation within elite families, we present empirical evidence on associations between parents’ and grandparents’ social ranks and quality of offices achieved by children of elite Korean families.
Edge asymptotics for the radiosity equation over polyhedral boundaries

In the present paper we consider the radiosity equation over the boundary of a polyhedral domain. Similarly to corresponding results on the double-layer potential equation, the solution of the second kind integral equation with non-compact integral operator is piecewise continuous. The partial derivatives, however, are not bounded. In the present paper we derive the first term in the asymptotic expansion of the solution in the vicinity of an edge. Note that, knowing this term, optimal mesh gradings can be designed for the numerical solution of this equation.
Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST): neuropsychological mechanisms of change

ABSTRACT Background: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is an evidence-based psychosocial intervention for people with dementia consisting of 14 group sessions aiming to stimulate various areas of cognition. This study examined the effects of CST on specific cognitive domains and explored the neuropsychological processes underpinning any effects. Methods: A total of 34 participants with mild to moderate dementia were included. A one-group pretest–posttest design was used. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests in the week before and after the manualised seven-week CST programme. Results: There were significant improvement pre- to post-CST group on measures of delayed verbal recall (WMS III logical memory subtest – delayed), visual memory (WMS III visual reproduction subtest – delayed), orientation (WMS III information and orientation subscale), and auditory comprehension (Token Test). There were no significant changes on measures of naming (Boston Naming Test-2), attention (Trail Making Test A/Digit Span), executive function (DKEFS verbal fluency/Trail Making Test B), praxis (WMS III visual reproduction – immediate) or on a general cognitive screen (MMSE). Conclusions: Memory, comprehension of syntax, and orientation appear to be the cognitive domains most impacted by CST. One hypothesis is that the language-based nature of CST enhances neural pathways responsible for processing of syntax, possibly also aiding verbal recall. Another is that the reduction in negative self-stereotypes due to the de-stigmatising effect of CST may impact on language and memory, domains that are the primary focus of CST. Further research is required to substantiate these hypotheses.
Novel Recurrent Neural Network Weight Initialization Strategy

This paper proposes a weight initialization strategy for a discrete-time recurrent neural network model. It is based on analyzing the recurrent network as a nonlinear system, and choosing its initial weights to put this system in the boundaries between different dynamics, i.e., its bifurcations. The relationship between the change in dynamics and training error evolution is studied. Two simple examples of the application of this strategy are shown: the detection of a 2-pulse temporal pattern and the detection of a physiological signal, a feature of a visual evoked potential brain signal.
Clinical Characteristics and Mortality of Life-Threatening Events Requiring Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Units

AbstractLittle is known about life-threatening events during gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of emergency conditions requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in GIE units and to assess the risk factors for mortality in these cases.We retrospectively collected life-threatening cases that occurred in the GIE units of 6 tertiary hospitals from January 2012 to June 2014. Cases were defined as alert calls for resuscitation teams in emergency situations of respiratory failure or cardiac arrest. Demographic data, clinical features, and probable causes were assessed. Factors associated with mortality were elucidated using logistic regression analysis.Among 263,426 endoscopies, 40 cases of CPR (0.015%) occurred during the period (male 67.5%, median age 62 yr). Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), such as hematemesis or melena, was the most common indication for endoscopy (55%). The types of clinical situations encountered were as follows: respiratory insufficiency (47.5%), decreased blood pressure (25%), and cardiac arrhythmia (25%). Although most of these conditions were detected during endoscopy (67.5%), one-third of cases (32.5%) were found before or after procedures. The most frequent probable cause of cases was aggravation of underlying diseases (57.5%), such as uncontrolled bleeding or exacerbation of lung disease. Despite efforts to resuscitate, 18 patients (45%) died. GIB was the single independent risk factor for mortality (odds ratio 28.45, 95% confidence interval 1.55–523.33, P = 0.024). Life-threatening situations requiring CPR can occur during endoscopy, even before or after the procedure. Greater attention should be paid while endoscopy is performed for GIB.
Who has the “Right” to Use the N-Word? A Survey of Attitudes about the Acceptability of Using the N-Word and its Derivatives

The N-word is the ultimate insult that has tormented generations of African-Americans. Yet over time, N-word derivatives have become popular terms of endearment by the descendants of the very people who once had to endure the N-word. Therein lies the root of an ongoing argument in society today: Who has the ‘right’ to use the N-word and N-word derivatives? A quota sample (N=347) of undergraduate students at a historically Black college/university in the deep-South participated in this survey study. Participants were mostly Black (88%) and female (62%). Using a five-point semantic differential scale from ‘always’ to ‘never’, participants were asked the degree to which they believe it is acceptable to use the N-word and N-word derivatives. A majority (76%) of respondents agreed that it is never acceptable for non-Blacks to use the N-word with anyone in any situation. Fifty-six percent of respondents agreed that it is never acceptable for anyone to use N-word derivatives with anyone in any situation.
Mimicking Dolphins to Produce Ring Bubbles in Water

Several studies report that dolphins, either captive or wild, can expel air from their blowhole to form ring bubbles. By means of an experimental setup consisting of an orifice coupled to a computer-controlled solenoid valve to simulate the dolphin’s blowhole and a vessel as the lungs, we examined the formation mechanism of a ring bubble under varying experimental conditions. With a better record than the most talented dolphin, we show that two aspects were demonstrated as essential to the successful generation of a ring bubble in water: the valve’s opening duration, and the pressure inside the vessel. The present findings suggest that during ring bubble production, dolphins are likely to anticipate their action by both adjusting a suitable air pressure inside their lungs and controlling their muscular flap for an adequate opening timing of their blowhole. This could provide some evidence in favour of suggested cetaceans’ self-control capacities.
Interact'99 Workshop ." Making Designers Aware of Existing Guidelines for Accessibility Evaluation of Guidelines for Designing Accessible Web Content

This study evaluates the Web Content Accessibility (WCA) Guidelines, developed by the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI). The first aim of this study was to investigate whether the Guidelines can be used effectively by Web page authors. To this end students of HTML (HyperText Markup Language) used the Guidelines to adapt Web pages. The second aim of the study was to examine whether pages developed using the Guidelines are accessible to visually impaired people. In order to achieve this visually impaired Web users assessed the accessibility of the pages developed by the Web page authors. The study found some difficulties in the use of the Guidelines that were similar to those identified by previous research. There were unexpected results regarding the accessibility of certain HTML elements.
The Relevant‐Set Correlation Model for Data Clustering

This paper introduces a model for clustering, the Relevant‐Set Correlation (RSC) model, that requires no direct knowledge of the nature or representation of the data. Instead, the RSC model relies solely on the existence of an oracle that accepts a query in the form of a reference to a data item, and returns a ranked set of references to items that are most relevant to the query. The quality of cluster candidates, the degree of association between pairs of cluster candidates, and the degree of association between clusters and data items are all assessed according to the statistical significance of a form of correlation among pairs of relevant sets and/or candidate cluster sets. The RSC significance measures can be used to evaluate the relative importance of cluster candidates of various sizes, avoiding the problems of bias found with other shared‐neighbor methods that use fixed neighborhood sizes. A scalable clustering heuristic based on the RSC model is also presented and demonstrated for large, high‐dimensional datasets using a fast approximate similarity search structure as the oracle. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 1: 000‐000, 2008
Characteristics of schools with and without Gay-Straight Alliances

Abstract Research shows that Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs) are associated with school climate and student well-being, but it is unclear what school characteristics may account for some of these findings. The current study describes characteristics of schools with and without GSAs. Using a population-based sample of 1,360 California public high schools, inferential statistics show that schools with larger enrollment, more experienced teachers, and lower pupil/teacher ratios were more likely to have GSAs. In addition, among schools with GSAs, larger enrollment, more experienced teachers, fewer socioeconomically disadvantaged students, and higher academic achievement are among the factors related to a longer presence of GSAs. Implications for GSA and policy implementation, as well as the importance of accounting for school characteristics in research on GSAs are discussed.
Armaments and ornaments: mate-guarding and the evolutionary roots of religion

ABSTRACT This article explores the connection between sexual selection and religion, locating the origins of religious behavior in mate guarding after the transition to terrestrial life in Homo erectus 1.8 million years ago. An important consequence of the transition was the emergence of a polygynous, multiple-family social structure, which gave rise to mate guarding as a successful strategy. Further, as a result of sleeping on the ground, REM (rapid-eye-movement) phases were substantially extended. This produced novel dream experiences in Homo erectus, which is identified as the origin of proto-religious traits. The article argues that proto-religious dream experiences and related behavioral expressions gave males psychological and strategic advantages in keeping competitors away from their females. Given the strong selective pressure of male competition in polygynous mating systems, biological traits underlying proto-religion were successful in natural selection. Finally, it is suggested how subsequent evolutionary leaps in human cognition shaped religious thought and behavior and their role in sexual selection. The article is concluded by outlining how elements of the mate-guarding hypothesis could be tested and improved using empirical methods.