Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are dietary patterns in childhood associated with IQ at 8 years of age? A population-based cohort study

Background Little is known about the effects of overall diet in childhood and intelligence later in life. Methods The current study, based on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, uses data on children's diet reported by parents in food-frequency questionnaires at 3, 4, 7 and 8.5 years of age. Dietary patterns were identified using principal-components analysis and scores computed at each age. IQ was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children at 8.5 years. Data on a number of confounders were collected, and complete data were available for 3966 children. Results After adjustment, the ‘processed’ (high fat and sugar content) pattern of diet at 3 years of age was negatively associated with IQ assessed at 8.5 years of age—a 1 SD increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a 1.67 point decrease in IQ (95% CI −2.34 to −1.00; p<0.0001). The ‘health-conscious’ (salad, rice, pasta, fish, fruit) pattern at 8.5 years was positively associated with IQ: a 1 SD increase in pattern score led to a 1.20 point increase in IQ (95% CI 0.52 to 1.88; p=0.001). Conclusion There is evidence that a poor diet associated with high fat, sugar and processed food content in early childhood may be associated with small reductions in IQ in later childhood, while a healthy diet, associated with high intakes of nutrient rich foods described at about the time of IQ assessment may be associated with small increases in IQ.
Do protective behavioral strategies moderate the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol-related outcomes among intercollegiate athletes?

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of protective behavioral strategies on the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol outcomes. METHOD Participants were college students who endorsed participating in club/intramural or varsity athletics. The students (N = 234; 73.9% female) completed measures of negative urgency, protective behavioral strategies, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems. Separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted for each subscale of the Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale to test for moderation. RESULTS Results indicated that protective behavioral strategies aimed at serious harm reduction moderated the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol use, whereas strategies aimed at avoiding excessive or rapid drinking moderated the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol-related problems. Strategies that involved planning drinking activities in advance did not moderate the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The current investigation provides further evidence for the role of protective behavioral strategies against known risk factors for alcohol use and related problems. Further, the paper suggests that type of strategy used matters when attempting to mitigate the relationship between negative urgency and alcohol outcomes. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Initiated by Pulmonary Vein Ectopic Beats

Ablation of AF Initiated by PV Ectopic Beats. Ectopic beats from the pulmonary veins (PVs) have been demonstrated to initiate atrial fibrillation (AF). This article describes the conceptual approach to mapping, interpretation of different electrograms, and ablation of AF initiated by PV ectopic beats.
A comparative study of color- texture image features

In this work we compare two spatial and two wavelet-domain feature extraction methods that have been proposed in the recent literature for color-texture classification. The corresponding color-texture features, namely the Opponent-Color Local Binary Pattern distributions, the Chromaticity Moments, the Wavelet Correlation Signatures and the Color Wavelet Covariance features, are extracted in RGB, I1I2I3, HSV and CIE-Lab color spaces. The classification task is realized by Support Vector Machines. Experiments are performed on two standard datasets comprising of 54 and 68 textures from the Vistex and the Outex databases respectively. The results show that in most cases color enhances texture classification. Both spatial and wavelet features can lead to an accurate representation of color-textures. The appropriateness of a color-texture feature extraction method has to be determined by considering the trade-off between the accuracy and the feature space dimensionality needs, as these are imposed by a prospective application.
Treating the Effects of Interpersonal Violence: A Comparison of Two Group Models

Surveys have shown that one in four women in the United States experiences intimate partner violence in her lifetime. Interpersonal violence has demonstrated negative effects on a victim's health and well-being. Yet research on interventions aimed at treating the psychosocial effects of this experience is limited. The purpose of the research reported here is to deepen our understanding of the impact of group-based interventions for treating this population. Specifically, this study looks at two different group models to determine their effectiveness in treating two widely recognized effects of intimate partner violence: increased depression and lowered self-esteem.
A Two-Study Investigation Into How Television News Frames the Steroid Scandal in Major League Baseball and Fans’ Support for Bonds, McGwire, and Palmeiro’s Pending Induction Into the Baseball Hall of Fame

Under the guidance of social categorization theory (SCT), this project analyzed news coverage of steroid use in major league baseball (MLB), and fans’ perceptions of three players indicted for using steroids—Barry Bonds, Mark McGwire, and Rafael Palmeiro—should be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Study 1 results revealed that widespread attention was given to issues of legality with fewer reports regarding the health costs of using steroids between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2011, with Bonds receiving the most negative coverage for his alleged use. Study 2 examined fans’ support of Bonds, McGwire, and Palmeiro’s pending Hall of Fame inductions by drawing from the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and cultivation theory. The results revealed that player likability, similarity, attitudes, and subjective norms predicted support for each player with differences emerging between each player. The results are discussed with an emphasis on how SCT was used to intersect the health, media effects, and race literatures.
Pathologic Manifestations on Surgical Biopsy and Their Correlation with Clinical Indices in Dogs with Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease

Background Evaluation of myocardial function is clinically challenging in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). Although myocardial dysfunction is caused by pathologic degeneration, histopathologic progression is poorly understood. Objectives To characterize myocardial and pulmonary pathologic changes according to severity in dogs with naturally occurring DMVD, and to investigate whether or not pathologic degeneration is reflected by traditional clinical indices. Animals One hundred and seventeen dogs with naturally occurring DMVD. Methods Prospective observational study. Biopsied left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV), and lung were evaluated histologically, and an attempt was made to correlate pathologic findings with clinical indices. Results Severe myocardial changes were observed in all International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council classes. In the lung, heart failure cell levels were significantly increased in class III patients (P < .0001). In a paired comparison, the LA showed significantly more severe degeneration than the LV, including myocardial fatty replacement, immune cell infiltration, and interstitial fibrosis (P < .0001). In contrast, myocardial cells were more hypertrophied in the LV than in the LA (P < .0001). Left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDd) was associated with fatty replacement (P = .033, R 2 = 0.584) and myocardial vacuolization (P = .003, R 2 = 0.588) in the LA. Conclusions and Clinical Importance In DMVD, although severe pathologic changes may be evident even in early stages, there may be pathologic discrepancy between the LA and the LV. Myocardial degeneration may be reflected by clinical indices such as LVEDd and EF.
Organisational justice rules as determinants of black and white employees' fairness perceptions of personnel selection techniques

The diversity of the South African population may lead to opinions that test fairness is not a pure empirical problem, but requires certain subjective value judgements. The aim of this study was to identify applicants' underlying reasons for evaluating a selection technique as being fair/unfair. These fairness perceptions were analysed by means of the organisational justice theory. The total sample consisted of 328 mature university students (M = 30,6) all of whom had work experience. The analyses comprised two sets of comparisons. The first set involved Black (uninformed) and White (uninformed) groups. The second comparison involved informed versus uninformed black students. Exposure to the subjects Strategic Personnel Management and/or undergraduate Industrial Psycohology, in which the nature and value of various selection techniques are studied, constituted the variable'being informed'. It was hypothesised that the Black (uninformed) and the White (uninformed) groups would perceive the value of the 11 justice rules for the total fairness perception across the ten selection techniques differently. Substantial support was found for this hypothesis. The same hypothesis was investigated for the Black (informed) and the Black (uninformed) groups, but no significant differences were found to support the latter hypothesis. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of South African selection practices. Opsomming Die diversiteit van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking mag daartoe lei dat persepsies van die billikheid van verskillende personeelkeuringtegnieke op n verskeidenheid van subjektiewe waarde-oordele gegrond word. Dit is die doel van hierdie ondersoek om die onderliggende redes waarvolgens kandidate keuringtegnieke as billik/onbillik evalueer, te identifiseer. Die kandidate se billikheidpersepsies van tien keuringtegnieke is aan die hand van die organisatoriese billikheidteorie ontleed. Die steekproef het bestaan uit 328 volwasse universiteitstudente (M = 30,6 jaar) wat almal oor werkervaring beskik het. Die ontledings het twee stelle vergelykings behels. Die eerste stel het Swart (oningeligte) en Wit (oningeligte) groepe vergelyken die tweede het oningeligte versus ingeligte swart studente vergelyk. Blootstelling aan die vakke Strategiese Personeelbestuur en/of voorgraadse Bedryfsielkunde, waarin die aard en nut van verskeie keuringtegnieke behandel word, het die veranderlike 'ingeligtheid' gespesifiseer. Die hipotese is gestel dat die Swart (oningeligte) en Wit (oningeligte) groepe die waarde wat hulle aan die 11 billikheidreels ten opsigte van die billikheid van die keuringtegnieke heg, verskillend sal evalueer. Die resultate het hierdie hipotese gesteun. Dieselfde hipotese is ondersoek vir die Swart (ingeligte) en Swart (oningeligte) groepe, maar geen beduidende verskille is gevind om die laasgenoemde hipotese te ondersteun nie. Die implikasies van hierdie bevindinge word bespreek in terme van keuringpraktyke in Suid-Afrika.
Study of Social Cognition Impairment among Opiate Dependents

هلئسم حرط : هنيمز رد مه هك نيداتعم هدمع تلاكشم زا يكي لكش يزاس زا سپ مه و دايتعا يريگ لكش رد ،نآ داجيا يم شقن يافيا اهنآ يعامتجا راتفر يريگ حيحص ليلحت رد اهنآ يياناوت مدع ديامن انم كرد و عامتجا دارفا رگيد ياهراتفر اهنآ ينورد دصاقم زا بس ) نهذ هيرظن رد للاتخا ( يم دشاب . هـيرظن شجنـس ياـهرازبا يريگراـكب اـب اـت تسا هدش يعس هعلاطم نيا رد هراـپ ،نـهذ رـيز زا يا دوش هديجنس ملاس دارفا اب هسياقم رد ينويفا داوم هب نيداتعم رد يعامتجا تخانش ياهتخاس . شور : نومزآ هنايار ياه هدش يسراف و يا نهوك مشچ ) اهمشـچ قـيرط زا نـهذ ندـناوخ ( كرد و تاساسحا زورب ) هديچيپ و هداس ( ينويفا داوم هب داتعم هورگ ود رد تروص رد ) 50 رفن ) ( نـس : 4 / 8 ± 4 / 28 ( ملاس و ) 52 رفن ) ( نس : 5 / 9 ± 31 ( شجنـس و كـب يگدرسـفا تدش ياهنومزآ هارمه هب رش زا كنزيآ يرگشناكت شجنس همانشسرپ و نوير شوه دش هتفرگ ناگدننك تك . اـب نيداتعم هورگ همانشسرپ » دايتعا تدش صخاش « دندش شجنس زين . هتفاي اه : ينعم تروص هب نيداتعم هورگ رد زين تروص نومزآ هرمن نيگنايم هعلاطم نيا رد نيياپ يراد رـت تسا ملاس هورگ زا . نومزآ جياتن رد رازگريثات لماوع هعومجم يلماع دنچ يرامآ ياهزيلانآ و مشچ ياه يشوه بيرض نازيم توافت اهنت هك داد ناشن تروص ) نوير نومزآ رد ( نازـيم و اهمشـچ نوـمزآ يارب يلدمه ) كنزيآ همانشسرپ رد ( راذـگريثات لـماوع ءزج تروص نومزآ يارب ) لقتسـم لـماع رـب هولاـع دايتعا ( هدوب ملاس و داتعم دارفا نيب تروص و مشچ ياهنومزآ هرمن توافت رد دنا . تن جيا : داد ناشن هعلاطم نيا ، راـچد ناراميب يعامتجا تخانش تلالاتخا رد اهنآ هلخادم و نارگنامرد هجوت يم دايتعا هاگياج هب داتعم ناراميب تشگزاب هب كمك يارب يتخانش يناوتزاب فادها زا يكي دناوت يعامتجا دشاب اهنآ يعامتجا هافر ءاقترا و دوخ . يم هعلاطم نيا جياتن هار دـناوت و يراـتفر هدـنيآ تاـعلاطم ياشـگ دشاب دايتعا رد يتخانشناور تلاخادم و نامرد ياهلكتورپ رد هدنهد تهج . هژاو ديلك اه : تخانش ،دايتعا ،تروص رد سح زورب كرد نومزآ ،اهمشچ نومزآ نهذ هيرظن ،يعامتجا تفايرد خيرات : 09 / 06 / 87 شريذپ خيرات : 13 / 07 / 89
Topological elementary equivalence of closed semi-algebraic sets in the real plane

Abstract We investigate topological properties of subsets S of the real plane, expressed by first-order logic sentences in the language of the reals augmented with a binary relation symbol for S. Two sets are called topologically elementary equivalent if they have the same such first-order topological properties. The contribution of this paper is a natural and effective characterization of topological elementary equivalence of closed semi-algebraic sets.
Moving toward a Gender Balanced Curriculum in Basic Speech Communication Courses.

Curriculum revision provides one way of contesting the institutionalized sexism found in basic speech communication courses. This essay presents a case study of a project for moving toward a gender balanced curriculum. The case study illustrates how McIntosh's five‐stage typology of revision can be applied to basic communication courses. This typology presents both a critique of institutionalized practices and a systematic approach to change. Student responses to the project are analyzed as a way of suggesting the impact of curriculum revision.
The effect of group reminiscence on happiness of the elderly

Background: some studies have confirmed the effectiveness of reminiscence on mental health, although there are conflicting results in this area. There are no interventional, localized and confirmed studies into the effectiveness of this intervention on mental wellbeing of old people in our country. Aim: To determine the effect of reminiscence therapy on the elderly happiness. Methods: In this clinical trial, 64 elderly referred to the Jahandidegan center of Gorgan were selected and randomly divided into control and intervention groups. Happiness scores were measured before intervention, during, and one month after the end of intervention. Reminiscence was conducted in six sessions over three weeks. Group discussions were held for the control group. Data were collected using valid and reliable happiness questionnaires (oxford) and a brief cognitive-mental examination. Fisherâ��s exact test, Chi-square, independent, repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferoni post-hoc and SPSS version 20 were used. Results: The mean age of the participants was 65. 5Â±6.2, and 50.8 of them were men. Happiness pre-intervention scores were 43. 9Â±10.6 and 45. 6Â±8.3 in control and the intervention groups, respectively (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis with repeated measures showed that the interaction between treatment group and the time was significantly effective on the elderly happiness score (p<0.01). Bonferroni post-hoc test scores before and after the intervention (P<0.03) and scores during and after the intervention (P<0.03) showed significant differences. Conclusion: group discussion and reminiscence are effective in increasing the elderly happiness scores. However, reminiscence was a more effective intervention; therefore, it can be an inexpensive way to increase the vitality of the elderly with no side-effects. Â
Pediatric Chronic Dialysis in Brazil: Epidemiology and Regional Inequalities

Introduction There are few reports in the literature estimating the epidemiologic characteristics of pediatric chronic dialysis. These patients have impaired physical growth, high number of comorbidities and great need for continuous attention of specialized services with high demand for complex and costly procedures. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence rates and describe the characteristics of children and adolescents undergoing chronic dialysis treatment in a Brazilian demographic health survey. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in a representative sample of dialysis centers (nc = 239) that was established from the 2011 Brazilian Nephrology Society Census (Nc = 708). We collected data encompassing the five Brazilian macro-regions. We analyzed the data from all patients under 19 years of age. The sample population consisted of 643 children and adolescents who were on chronic dialysis program anytime in 2012. Data collection was carried out in the dialysis services by means of patients' records reviews and personal interviews with the centers’ leaders. Results We estimated that there were a total of 1,283 pediatric patients on chronic dialysis treatment in Brazil, resulting in a prevalence of 20.0 cases per million age-related population (pmarp) (95% CI: 14.8–25.3) and an incidence of 6.6 cases pmarp in 2012 (95% CI: 4.8–8.4). The South region had the highest prevalence and incidence rates of patients under dialysis therapy, 27.7 (95% CI: 7.3–48.1) and 11.0 (95% CI: 2.8–19.3) cases pmarp, respectively; the lowest prevalence and incidence rates were found in the North-Midwest region, 13.8 (95% CI: 6.2–21.4), and in the Northeast region, 3.8 (95% CI: 1.4–6.3) cases pmarp, respectively. Conclusion Brazil has an overall low prevalence of children on chronic dialysis treatment, figuring near the rates from others countries with same socioeconomic profile. There are substantial differences among regions related to pediatric chronic dialysis treatment. Joint strategies aiming to reduce inequities and improving access to treatment and adequacy of services across the Brazilian regions are necessary to provide an appropriate care setting for this population group.
The G Protein-coupled Receptor 30 Is Up-regulated by Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) in Breast Cancer Cells and Cardiomyocytes*

GPR30, also known as GPER, has been suggested to mediate rapid effects induced by estrogens in diverse normal and cancer tissues. Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors involved in apoptosis, cell survival, and proliferation. The response to low oxygen environment is mainly mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor named HIF-1α, which activates signaling pathways leading to adaptive mechanisms in tumor cells. Here, we demonstrate that the hypoxia induces HIF-1α expression, which in turn mediates the up-regulation of GPER and its downstream target CTGF in estrogen receptor-negative SkBr3 breast cancer cells and in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Moreover, we show that HIF-1α-responsive elements located within the promoter region of GPER are involved in hypoxia-dependent transcription of GPER, which requires the ROS-induced activation of EGFR/ERK signaling in both SkBr3 and HL-1 and cells. Interestingly, the apoptotic response to hypoxia was prevented by estrogens through GPER in SkBr3 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that the hypoxia-induced expression of GPER may be included among the mechanisms involved in the anti-apoptotic effects elicited by estrogens, particularly in a low oxygen microenvironment.
Hemoglobin‐based oxygen carrier and convection enhanced oxygen transport in a hollow fiber bioreactor

A mathematical model was developed to study O2 transport in a convection enhanced hepatic hollow fiber (HF) bioreactor, with hemoglobin‐based O2 carriers (HBOCs) present in the flowing cell culture media stream of the HF lumen. In this study, four HBOCs were evaluated: PEG‐conjugated human hemoglobin (MP4), human hemoglobin (hHb), bovine hemoglobin (BvHb) and polymerized bovine hemoglobin (PolyBvHb). In addition, two types of convective flow in the HF extra capillary space (ECS) were considered in this study. Starling flow naturally occurs when both of the ECS ports are closed. If one of the ECS ports is open, forced convective flow through the ECS will occur due to the imposed pressure difference between the lumen and ECS. This type of flow is referred to as cross‐flow in this work, since some of the fluid entering the HF lumen will pass across the HF membrane and exit via the open ECS port. In this work, we can predict the dissolved O2 concentration profile as well as the O2 transport flux in an individual HF of the bioreactor by solving the coupled momentum and mass transport equations. Our results show that supplementation of the cell culture media with HBOCs can dramatically enhance O2 transport to the ECS (containing hepatocytes) and lead to the formation of an in vivo‐like O2 spectrum for the optimal culture of hepatocytes. However, both Starling flow and cross‐flow have a very limited effect on O2 transport in the ECS. Taken together, this work represents a novel predictive tool that can be used to design or analyze HF bioreactors that expose cultured cells to defined overall concentrations and gradients of O2. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 1603–1612. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Handbook of adolescent psychology

The study of and interest in adolescence in the field of psychology and related fields continues to grow, necessitating an expanded revision of this seminal work. This multidisciplinary handbook, edited by the premier scholars in the field, Richard Lerner and Laurence Steinberg, and with contributions from the leading researchers, reflects the latest empirical work and growth in the field.
A Delegation Solution for Universal Identity Management in SOA

The relationship-focused and credential-focused identity managements are both user-centric notions in Service-oriented architecture (SOA). For composite services, pure user-centric identity management is inefficient because each subservice may authenticate and authorize users and users need participate in every identity provisioning transaction. If the above two paradigms are unified into the universal identity management where identity information and privileges are delegatable, user centricity will be more feasible in SOA. The credential-focused system is a good starting point for constructing a universal identity management system. However, how to implement a practical delegation scheme is still a challenge although there are some delegatable anonymous credential schemes that were theoretically constructed. This paper aims to propose a practical delegation solution for universal identity management. For this, a pseudonym-based signature scheme is first designed where pseudonyms are self-generated and unlinkable for realizing user's privacy. Next, a proxy signature is presented with the pseudonyms as public keys where delegation can be achieved through certificate chains. Finally, the security of our scheme is analyzed and proved in the random oracle model.