Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome after the Use of Gadolinium Contrast Media

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical emergency that threatens life. To this day, ARDS is very rarely reported by iodine contrast media, and there is no reported case of ARDS induced by gadolinium contrast media. Here, we present a case with ARDS after the use of gadobutrol (Gadovist) as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast medium. A 26 years old female without any medical history, including allergic diseases and without current use of drugs, visited the emergency room for abdominal pain. Her abdominopelvic computed tomography with iodine contrast media showed a right ovarian cyst and possible infective colitis. Eighty-three hours later, she underwent pelvis MRI after injection of 7.5 mL (0.1 mL/kg body weight) of gadobutrol (Gadovist) to evaluate the ovarian cyst. She soon presented respiratory difficulty, edema of the lips, nausea, and vomiting, and we could hear wheezing upon auscultation. She was treated with dexamethasone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Her chest X-ray showed bilateral central bat-wing consolidative appearance. Managed with mechanical ventilation, she was extubated 3 days later and discharged without complications.
Dysregulation of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Human Carotid Atherosclerosis

Objective—The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the principal degradation route of intracellular and oxidized proteins, thus regulating many cellular processes conceivably important for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of ubiquitin-proteasome system in human carotid artery plaques in relation to oxidative stress and clinical manifestation. Methods and Results—In carotid endarterectomy specimens from 83 asymptomatic and 94 symptomatic patients, content of ubiquitin, ubiquitin conjugates, matrix metalloproteases, and NADPH-oxidase-p67 was evaluated by immunoblotting; proteolytic proteasome activity by fluorometric assay; single and double immunostaining for ubiquitin conjugates, 3-nitrotyrosine, apoptosis, smooth muscle &agr;-actin, and macrophage CD-68, as well as Sirius Red staining for collagen were performed. Compared with asymptomatic patients, symptomatic patients showed a more unstable plaque phenotype, an increased degree of apoptosis, a significantly higher ubiquitin conjugates content (17.72±1.36 versus 10.99±1.04; P<0.001), and lower proteasome activity (5.01±0.70 versus 9.41±1.19 nmol AMC/mg protein/min; P<0.01). Ubiquitin conjugates content was directly correlated to NADPH-p67 and degree of apoptosis. Immunostaining revealed colocalization of ubiquitin conjugates and 3-nitrotyrosine, and accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates in smooth muscle cells and macrophages. Conclusions—In human carotid plaques increased oxidative stress is associated with inhibition of the proteasome activity and accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates, particularly in symptomatic patients. These results suggest a possible role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in influencing plaque stability.
Nutrient Composition of Cirina forda (Westwood)-Enriched Complementary Foods

Background/Aims: Dried Cirina forda (Westwood) larva is widely marketed, cheap, and commonly consumed in Southwestern Nigeria. Its powder was used in enriching two commonly used complementary food staples (maize and sorghum) as a source of protein and essential micronutrients in complementary foods for infants and young children. Methods: Samples of soaked and dried sorghum and maize flours and C. forda powder were prepared, and C. forda powder was added to the dried soaked maize and sorghum flours at 5, 10, and 15% (w/w) inclusion levels and analyzed for proximate, mineral, and antinutrient compositions using standard methods of AOAC. Results: One hundred grams of C. forda larva contained 52.6 g of protein, 16.8 g of lipids, 2.6 g of ash, 268.67 mg of calcium, 5.64 mg of iron, and 15.00 mg of zinc, and yielded 458.40 kcal energy with 4.40 mg of trypsin inhibitor. Sorghum and maize flours contained 9.2 and 8.3 g of protein, respectively. Addition of C. forda at 5, 10, and 15% levels to fermented sorghum and maize flours significantly increased both micro- and macronutrients of the complementary foods (p < 0.05), and the nutrient density and trypsin inhibitor increased with the inclusion level (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The trypsin inhibitor level was very low and cannot cause protein malabsorption. C. forda can serve as a good source of nutrients such as protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc in formulating nutrient-dense complementary foods.
Latent Adeno-Associated Virus Infection Elicits Humoral but Not Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in a Nonhuman Primate Model

ABSTRACT Latent infection with wild-type (wt) adeno-associated virus (AAV) was studied in rhesus macaques, a species that is a natural host for AAV and that has some homology to humans with respect to the preferred locus for wt AAV integration. Each of eight animals was infected with an inoculum of 1010 IU of wt AAV, administered by either the intranasal, intramuscular, or intravenous route. Two additional animals were infected intranasally with wt AAV and a helper adenovirus (Ad), while one additional animal was inoculated with saline intranasally as a control. There were no detectable clinical or histopathologic responses to wt AAV administration. Molecular analyses, including Southern blot, PCR, and fluorescence in situ hybridization, were performed 21 days after infection. These studies indicated that AAV DNA sequences persisted at the sites of administration, albeit at low copy number, and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Site-specific integration into the AAVS1-like locus was observed in a subset of animals. All animals, except those infected by the intranasal route with wt AAV alone, developed a humoral immune response to wt AAV capsid proteins, as evidenced by a ≥fourfold rise in anti-AAV neutralizing titers. However, only animals infected with both wt AAV and Ad developed cell-mediated immune responses to AAV capsid proteins. These findings provide some insights into the nature of anti-AAV immune responses that may be useful in interpreting results of future AAV-based gene transfer studies.
A Comparative Demographic and Sexual Profile of Older Homosexually Active Men

Our analysis draws a comparative profile of older homosexually active men. For an Australian national telephone survey (Project Male‐Call), 2,583 homosexually active men were interviewed. Questions about demographics, types of sexual partners, attachment to gay community, HIV/AIDS, and sexual practices were asked. About 10% (n = 256) of the Male‐Call men were over 49years. These older men were likely to live alone (52.7%), to be or have been married (62.9%), to have children (56.4%), and to have lived at their present address for more than five years (67.5%). Relatively few (12.4%) lived in gay areas, but a significant number (29.2%) lived in rural regions. They were generally less likely than younger men to have disclosed their sexual orientation (p < .00005). Although their attachment to gay community was quite strong, it was less than younger men's in terms of social attachment (p < .00001), cultural involvement (p < .001), and sexual involvement (p <. 00005). As a group, they were less likely to have .
Increased Urinary Metabolite Excretion during Fasting in Disorders of Propionate Metabolism

ABSTRACT: Odd-chain fatty acids are recognized precursors of propionate in man, but their clinical significance in disorders of propionate metabolism has not been well studied. Urinary excretion of methylmalonate, methylcitrate, propionylglycine, and 3-hydroxypropionate was measured in five children with methylmalonic acidemia and three with propionic acidemia during frequent or continuous feeding and after 10-18 h of fasting. There was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the mean total measured metabolite excretion during fasting (fed 38.1 μmol/kg/h, fasting 54.6 in methylmalonic acidemia, fed 1.45, fasting 2.98 in propionic acidemia). Percentage rises in each subject were similar for all measured metabolites. These increases in metabolite excretion are most easily explained by mobilization and oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids in the fasting state. Prolonged fasting should be avoided in children with disorders of propionate metabolism.
Static-, Dynamic-, and Mixed-Eccentricity Fault Diagnoses in Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors

Mixed-eccentricity (ME) fault diagnosis has not been so far documented for permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous motors (PMSMs). This paper investigates how the static eccentricity (SE), dynamic eccentricity (DE), and ME in three-phase PMSMs can be detected. A novel index for noninvasive diagnosis of these eccentricities is introduced for a faulty PMSM. The nominated index is the amplitude of sideband components with a particular frequency pattern which is extracted from the spectrum of stator current. Using this index makes it possible to determine the occurrence, as well as the type and percentage, of eccentricity precisely. Meanwhile, the current spectrum of the faulty PMSM during a large span is inspected, and the ability of the proposed index is exhibited to detect eccentricity in faulty PMSMs with different loads. A novel theoretical scrutiny based on a magnetic field analysis is presented to prove the introduced index and generalize the illustrated fault recognition method. To show the merit of this index in the eccentricity detection and estimation of its severity, first, the correlation between the index and the SE and DE degrees is determined. Then, the type of the eccentricity is determined by a k-nearest neighbor classifier. At the next step, a three-layer artificial neural network is employed to estimate the eccentricity degree and its type. After all, a white Gaussian noise is added to the simulated current, and the robustness of the proposed index is analyzed with respect to the noise variance. In this paper, the PMSM under magnetic fault (demagnetization) and electrical faults (short and open circuits) is modeled, and the current spectrum of the faulty PMSM under demagnetization, short circuit, and open circuit faults is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the proposed index, due to eccentricity fault, is not generated in the current spectrum due to magnetic and electrical faults. Indeed, it is exposed that the introduced index is only created due to eccentricity fault and it is not sensitive to other faults. To model the PMSM eccentricities, a time-stepping finite-element method, which takes into account all geometrical and physical characteristics of the machine components, nonuniform permeance of the air gap, and nonuniform characteristics of the PM material, is employed. This model facilitates the access to the demanded signals in order to have accurate processing. A comparison of simulation and experimental results validate the proposed index.
Cellulose δ18O is an index of leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPD) in tropical plants

Cellulose in plants contains oxygen that derives in most cases from precipitation. Because the stable oxygen isotope composition, δ18O, of precipitation is associated with environmental conditions, cellulose δ18O should be as well. However, plant physiological models using δ18O suggest that cellulose δ18O is influenced by a complex mix of both climatic and physiological drivers. This influence complicates the interpretation of cellulose δ18O values in a paleo-context. Here, we combined empirical data analyses with mechanistic model simulations to i) quantify the impacts that the primary climatic drivers humidity (ea) and air temperature (Tair) have on cellulose δ18O values in different tropical ecosystems and ii) determine which environmental signal is dominating cellulose δ18O values. Our results revealed that ea and Tair equally influence cellulose δ18O values and that distinguishing which of these factors dominates the δ18O values of cellulose cannot be accomplished in the absence of additional environmental information. However, the individual impacts of ea and Tair on the δ18O values of cellulose can be integrated into a single index of plant-experienced atmospheric vapor demand: the leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPD). We found a robust relationship between VPD and cellulose δ18O values in both empirical and modeled data in all ecosystems that we investigated. Our analysis revealed therefore that δ18O values in plant cellulose can be used as a proxy for VPD in tropical ecosystems. As VPD is an essential variable that determines the biogeochemical dynamics of ecosystems, our study has applications in ecological-, climate-, or forensic-sciences.
Asymptotically almost all \lambda-terms are strongly normalizing

We present quantitative analysis of various (syntactic and behavioral) properties of random \lambda-terms. Our main results are that asymptotically all the terms are strongly normalizing and that any fixed closed term almost never appears in a random term. Surprisingly, in combinatory logic (the translation of the \lambda-calculus into combinators), the result is exactly opposite. We show that almost all terms are not strongly normalizing. This is due to the fact that any fixed combinator almost always appears in a random combinator.
Assessing relationship quality and social anxiety among wild chimpanzees using self-directed behaviour

Current theory on primate social relationships implies that relationship quality consists of three factors: value, security, and compatibility. The relationship security of each group member can be determined using the level of social anxiety found when that individual is in the proximity of other individuals. I studied social anxiety by measuring the rate of rough selfscratching behaviour (RSS), a self-directed behaviour, in wild chimpanzees in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. The RSS rate drastically differed across individual activities; RSS was rare when the focal individual was foraging or moving, but frequent during resting. The male RSS rate while resting was inversely correlated with dominance rank, particularly when males were with other group members; higher-ranking males performed RSS less often than lower-ranking males. The RSS frequency of males did not vary with the proximity of group members or the association level of the individuals in proximity. In contrast, close proximity of group members increased the female RSS rate. In addition, females performed RSS more frequently when a non-affiliative group member was in their proximity than with an affiliative group member. The relative dominance rank of the individuals in close proximity did not affect the RSS rate in either males or females. Furthermore, infant contact or separation from the mother did not influence the maternal RSS rate. These results suggest that anxietyinducing situations differ between sexes in this species, and that for female chimpanzees, relationship security is related to association level. The results are discussed in terms of interspecific variation in social dominance style and inter-individual tolerance within primates.
Selective inhibition of Ezh2 by a small molecule inhibitor blocks tumor cells proliferation

Ezh2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) protein is the enzymatic component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which represses gene expression by methylating lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) and regulates cell proliferation and differentiation during embryonic development. Recently, hot-spot mutations of Ezh2 were identified in diffused large B-cell lymphomas and follicular lymphomas. To investigate if tumor growth is dependent on the enzymatic activity of Ezh2, we developed a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor, EI1, which inhibits the enzymatic activity of Ezh2 through direct binding to the enzyme and competing with the methyl group donor S-Adenosyl methionine. EI1-treated cells exhibit genome-wide loss of H3K27 methylation and activation of PRC2 target genes. Furthermore, inhibition of Ezh2 by EI1 in diffused large B-cell lymphomas cells carrying the Y641 mutations results in decreased proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. These results provide strong validation of Ezh2 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
Metarule-guided association rule mining for program understanding

Software systems are expected to change over their lifetime in order to remain useful. Understanding a software system that has undergone changes is often difficult owing to the unavailability of up-to-date documentation. Under these circumstances, source code is the only reliable means of information regarding the system. In the paper, association rule mining is applied to the problem of software understanding i.e. given the source files of a software system, association rule mining is used to gain an insight into the software. To make association rule mining more effective, constraints are placed on the mining process in the form of metarules. Metarule-guided mining is carried out to find associations which can be used to identify recurring problems within software systems. Metarules are related to re-engineering patterns which present solutions to these problems. Association rule mining is applied to five legacy systems and results presented show how extracted association rules can be helpful in analysing the structure of a software system and modifications to improve the structure are suggested. A comparison of the results obtained for the five systems also reveals legacy system characteristics, which can lead to understanding the nature of open source legacy software and its evolution.
The demographic antecedents and performance consequences of the social‐network structure in work teams

Purpose – Businesses are increasingly using teams as their fundamental organisational unit. This paper aims to explore the impact of demographic antecedents and the social‐network structure, measured in terms of task‐related advice‐network density, centralisation and fragmentation, on work‐team performance. The paper seeks to examine: the impact of the social‐network structure (dense, fragmented or centralised) on work‐team performance and the origins of the social structure. It also tests whether team diversity (in terms of variety with regard to gender and separation with regard to age and education) has an impact on team performance.Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted on 76 work teams (499 employees) representing 48 different organisations.Findings – With regard to the first question, density was positively related to team performance. The impact of advice‐network fragmentation was also positive, and this is in line with the results of other studies focusing on teams conducting standar.
Ubiquitin Chains in the Ladder of MAPK Signaling

With a better understanding of the cellular stress response, it has become evident that catalytic modules consisting of kinases that mediate the activation of downstream effector components are subject to multiple layers of regulation. Such regulatory mechanisms are not limited to those involving scaffold proteins or protein phosphatases, and they appear to include a growing number of modifications by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins. The role of ubiquitin in the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) emerges as a paradigm for understanding the role of ubiquitination in regulating other signal transduction pathways. Ubiquitination influences signal diversification and limits the duration of the signal through its role in the assembly of protein kinase complexes, subcellular localization, and the actual degradation of the kinase or its substrate. This review summarizes our current understanding of the roles of ubiquitin in regulating MAPK signaling. Cellular responses to stress are regulated by stress-activated protein kinases that are part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. Because each component in this signaling cascade has multiple downstream targets, key questions pertaining to the regulation of the stress response include understanding of the mechanisms underlying the duration of their activity, diversification of the signal to select downstream targets, and magnitude of the signal. Here, we summarize our current understanding of ubiquitin’s roles in dictating the type, strength, and specificity of MAPK signaling. Our summary suggests that ubiquitin serves as a key regulator of MAPK, an arrangement that may serve as a paradigm for other signal transduction pathways.
No longer young, not yet old

The article explores the pluralization of biographical time perspectives in contemporary transition from adulthood to old age, focusing on the relationship between life-time structuring in late adulthood and the different ways in which individuals experience ‘biographical uncertainty’ at psycho-physical, economic and relational levels. Finally, the concept of ‘reflected uncertainty’ is proposed, to analyse the ambiguous effects of young people’s ‘biographical uncertainty’ on late adults’ own perspective. The discussion is supported by the results of qualitative research on Lombard 55—65-year-olds, in light of the Italian situation.
STRENGTH PARAMETERS IN JUDO ATHLETES: AN APPROACH USING HAND DOMINANCE AND WEIGHT CATEGORIES

Purpose. This study aimed to relate strength parameters of the judogi pull test and countermovement jump (CMJ), and body fat with body mass and to compare strength parameters in the judogi pull test between the dominant and non-dominant hands. Methods. Eighteen male judokas took part in this study. The following parameters were analysed: maximal force (F max), time to maximal force (TF max), rate of force development ( rFD) and rate of peak force decrement ( rPFD) of the dominant and nondominant hands during the pull test. Jump height (H max), power, F max, peak velocity (PV) and rFD in the CMJ were also measured. A t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used. Results. Fmax (absolute and relative) and rFD were greater for the dominant hand, whereas rFPD was greater for the non-dominant hand during the pull test. There was a significant correlation only between absolute Fmax and body mass (r = 0.51) in the pull test. For the CMJ, relative power ( r = –0.57), Hmax (r = –0.49) and PV (r = –0.53) were negatively correlated with body mass, while absolute F max (r = 0.84) and power (0.69) were positively correlated with body mass. A significant correlation between body mass and body fat ( r = 0.88) was found. Conclusions. There are differences in maximal and explosive force and the rate of peak force decrement between the dominant and non-dominant hand. Absolute values of power and maximal force increased according to body mass (and, therefore, a higher weight category); however jump per formance decreased with an increase in body mass (weight category).
"Me and us" or "us and them"? The self as a heuristic for defining minimal ingroups

The question of why even a minimal ingroup is typically evaluated more positively than the respective outgroup has stimulated extensive theoretical and empirical work in social psychology. Integrating findings from various domains of research, this chapter summarises a comprehensive research programme that focuses on cognitive rather than motivational factors that contribute to positive ingroup distinctiveness. More specifically, evidence is presented showing that (a) there is a positive ingroup default, such that novel ingroups are immediately associated with positive affect; (b) people make inferences from the self in order to define their novel groups; and (c) this process of using the self as a means of cognitive structuring is based on heuristic rather than systematic information processing. Implications for our understanding of the role of self in intergroup evaluations and of factors determining ingroup favouritism in both minimal and real groups are discussed.