Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proteasome Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: Lessons from the First Decade

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is involved in intracellular protein turnover, and its function is crucial to cellular homeostasis. First synthesized as probes of proteolytic processes, proteasome inhibitors began to be thought of as potential drug candidates when they were found to induce programmed cell death preferentially in transformed cells. They made their first leap into the clinic to be tested as therapeutic agents 10 years ago, and since then, great strides have been made in defining their mechanisms of action, their clinical efficacy and toxicity, and some of their limitations in the form of resistance pathways. Validation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway as a target for cancer therapy has come in the form of approvals of the first such inhibitor, bortezomib, for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, for which this agent has become a standard of care. Lessons learned from this first-in-class agent are now being applied to the development of a new generation of proteasome inhibitors that hold the promise of efficacy in bortezomib-resistant disease and possibly in a broader spectrum of diseases. This saga provides a salient example of the promise of translational medicine and a paradigm by which other agents may be successfully brought from the bench to the bedside.
Pre-anthesis ovary development determines genotypic differences in potential kernel weight in sorghum

Kernel weight is an important factor determining grain yield and nutritional quality in sorghum, yet the developmental processes underlying the genotypic differences in potential kernel weight remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the stage in development at which genetic effects on potential kernel weight were realized, and to investigate the developmental mechanisms by which potential kernel weight is controlled in sorghum. Kernel development was studied in two field experiments with five genotypes known to differ in kernel weight at maturity. Pre-fertilization floret and ovary development was examined and post-fertilization kernel-filling characteristics were analysed. Large kernels had a higher rate of kernel filling and contained more endosperm cells and starch granules than normal-sized kernels. Genotypic differences in kernel development appeared before stamen primordia initiation in the developing florets, with sessile spikelets of large-seeded genotypes having larger floret apical meristems than normal-seeded genotypes. At anthesis, the ovaries for large-sized kernels were larger in volume, with more cells per layer and more vascular bundles in the ovary wall. Across experiments and genotypes, there was a significant positive correlation between kernel dry weight at maturity and ovary volume at anthesis. Genotypic effects on meristem size, ovary volume, and kernel weight were all consistent with additive genetic control, suggesting that they were causally related. The pre-fertilization genetic control of kernel weight probably operated through the developing pericarp, which is derived from the ovary wall and potentially constrains kernel expansion.
Effects of prostaglandin analog therapy on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients

Purpose: To quantify changes in tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) in glaucoma patients after switching therapy from latanoprost with 0.02% benzalkonium chloride (BAK) to travoprost with sofZia™. Methods: Prospective consecutive case series evaluating patients before and 8 weeks after switching from latanoprost with BAK to travoprost with sofZia™ in patients with baseline TBUT less than 6 seconds. Results: Forty eyes of 20 consecutive patients using latanoprost with BAK were switched to travoprost with sofZia™. Mean TBUT prior to starting travoprost was 2.02 ± 0.71 seconds and increased to 6.34 ± 1.31 seconds 8 weeks after the switch (p < 0.001). Mean inferior corneal staining scores decreased from 2.40 ± 0.87 to 1.38 ± 0.59 (p < 0.001). Mean OSDI scores decreased from 26.31 ± 8.25 to 16.56 ± 6.19 (p < 0.001). Discussion: This report focuses on the status of the ocular surface, as documented by TBUT, corneal staining and OSDI, in patients switched from latanoprost with BAK to travoprost without BAK. The switch resulted in a statistically significant increase in TBUT and decreases in corneal staining and OSDI in patients with low baseline TBUT values. Conclusion: BAK, a common preservative for glaucoma drops, may increase OSD by disrupting the tear film and increasing conjunctival inflammation. In this study, a change from a BAK-preserved prostaglandin analog (PGA) to a non-BAK-preserved PGA resulted in a measurable improvement of TBUT, corneal staining and OSDI. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact of BAK-preserved medications on the ocular surface.
Overeducation and Overskilling in Australia: Second Generation Greek-Australians and Italian-Australians

We utilise HILDA data over the period 2001-2005 to evaluate the performance of second generation Greek-Australians and Italian-Australians in the labour market. We focus on the effect of overeducation, undereducation, languages-other-than-English (LOTE), and ethnicity on weekly earnings of full-time workers. The evidence has a follows: (a) most Greek-Australians are over-represented amongst the overeducated; (b) overeducation and overskilling can be attributed to a lack of new skills on the job, parental occupational status, non-English speaking overseas born, and unobserved characteristics of second generation females; (c) LOTE does not seem to make a contribution to earning of individual workers, and (d) the use of LOTE amongst the two second generation groups has declined; second generation women in part-time employment are an exception.
USING REMOTE SENSING TO MAP THE DISTRIBUTION OF SAGO PALMS IN NORTHEASTERN MINDANAO , PHILIPPINES : RESULTS BASED ON LANDSAT ETM + IMAGE ANALYSIS

We present in this paper the results of our study that aims to map the distribution of the sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) in Agusan del Sur province in northeastern Mindanao, Philippines using remote sensing data and techniques. The sago palms have been reported to exist in marshlands and wetlands of northeastern Mindanao which are difficult to access and would be costly if mapped using conventional field mapping techniques. We tested the viability of Landsat ETM+ image to locate the distribution and abundance of the sago palm in the Agusan del Sur province. After radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction, the image was subjected to Maximum Likelihood classification to produce a land cover map showing the distribution of sago palms and other land-cover types. The classifier was trained and the accuracy of the results assessed using ground truth data of sago palm and other land-cover types that were collected between February and August 2012. Results of the supervised classification using combination of all the multispectral bands, NDVI and SRTM DEM showed an overall classification accuracy of 94.88%. A total of 597 hectares of sago palms were detected from the image analysis. The sago palm classification has 80.18% Producer’s Accuracy and 82.66% User’s Accuracies. This relatively low Producer and User’s Accuracies of the sago palm classification may be attributed to three factors: (i) the similarities in the spectral characteristics of sago palm with other palm vegetation, especially coconut and oil palm; (ii.) the 30-m spatial resolution of the Landsat ETM+ image may not be optimal for classifying specific vegetation species such as the sago palms, especially in areas where sago palms are interspersed with other land-cover types; and (iii.) the differences in the date of image acquisition and the date of field surveys when the sago ground truth data were collected. Despite these low accuracies for sago palms, the location, extent and distribution of sago palms depicted in the derived land-cover map provides vital information as to where sago palms are deemed to be abundant in Agusan del Sur province.
Faith, Work, and Praxis: A Process Model of Integration for Christian Student Affairs Administrators

ABSTRACT The scholarship regarding faith integration practice has largely focused on faculty work; however, the field faces a paucity of data-supported approaches to understanding faith integration in the work lives of administrators. In this qualitative study, we developed a conceptual model that employs the concept of praxis to analyze the process by which mid-level student affairs administrators integrate their faith in their professional work lives. Findings show that the praxis model illuminates the sources of religious commitment that student affairs administrators drew upon when merging their faith commitments with their work lives. The model also highlights the introspective nature of faith integration, the power dynamics inherent in their interactions with students and superiors, and the individual and systemic change that resulted. Participants' religious habitus, reflective of personal experience as well as professional socialization, were both unconsidered and deliberate. Despite participants' claims that integration occurred organically and reflexively, intentionality before, during, and after integration situations was a hallmark of these exemplars' professional practice. The praxis model may be a valuable professional development tool for individuals, institutions, and graduate programs.
Assessing the influence of leadership style, organizational learning and organizational innovation

Based on literature development, the purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework and the theoretical model in order to examine the influence of leadership, organizational learning (OL), and organizational innovation (OI) in Taiwan’s financial and information technology industries. ,Structural equation modeling is employed to evaluate the degree of influence each variable has on the others and whether their relationships differ in different industry. This study investigates a selection of firms from the top 100 financial and the top 1,000 high-technology enterprises in Taiwan in 2012 as the population. A total of 377 valid responses were collected from 2012 to 2013. ,The research results indicate that OL acts as a full mediator between leadership and OI. Furthermore, industry type has moderating effect in the proposed research model. ,Thus, considering appropriate leadership styles through learning to innovate might be a well leadership model to be further considered by different industries in the global countries.
Swearing as a response to pain

Although a common pain response, whether swearing alters individuals' experience of pain has not been investigated. This study investigated whether swearing affects cold-pressor pain tolerance (the ability to withstand immersing the hand in icy water), pain perception and heart rate. In a repeated measures design, pain outcomes were assessed in participants asked to repeat a swear word versus a neutral word. In addition, sex differences and the roles of pain catastrophising, fear of pain and trait anxiety were explored. Swearing increased pain tolerance, increased heart rate and decreased perceived pain compared with not swearing. However, swearing did not increase pain tolerance in males with a tendency to catastrophise. The observed pain-lessening (hypoalgesic) effect may occur because swearing induces a fight-or-flight response and nullifies the link between fear of pain and pain perception.
Browsing and querying in online documentation: a study of user interfaces and the interaction process

A user interface study concerning the usage effectiveness of selected retrieval modes was conducted using an experimental text retrieval system, TeSS, giving access to online documentation of certain programming tools. Four modes of TeSS were compared: (1) browsing, (2) conventional boolean retrieval, (3) boolean retrieval based on Venn diagrams, and (4) these three combined. Further, the modes of TeSS were compared to the use of printed manuals. The subjects observed were 87 computing new to them. In the experiment the use of printed manuals is faster and provides answers of higher quality than any of the electronic modes. Therefore, claims about the effectiveness of computer-based text retrieval have to by vary in situations where printed manuals are manageable to the user. Among the modes of TeSS, browsing is the fastest and the one causing the fewest operational errors. On the same two variables, time and operational errors, the Venn diagram mode performs better than conventional boolean retrieval. The combined mode scores worst on the objective performance measures; nonetheless nearly all subject prefer this mode. Concerning the interaction process, the subjects tend to manage the complexities of the information retrieval tasks by issuing series of simple commands and exploiting the interactive capabilities of TeSS. To characterize the dynamics of the interaction process two concepts are introduced; threads and sequences of tactics. Threads in a query sequence describes the continuity during retrieval. Sequences of tactics concern the combined mode and describe how different retrieval modes succeed each other as the retrieval process evolves.
Understanding Gang Joining from a Cross Classified Multi-Level Perspective

ABSTRACT The present study seeks to address the gap in our understanding of the role of community- and school-level factors on individual-level gang joining. We assess our research question by bringing together data from a statewide survey of more than 35,000 school youth who were enrolled in more than 250 schools and resided in more than 300 communities. We first use multilevel modeling techniques to examine the independent relationship of community and school on the likelihood of individual youth gang joining. Second, while controlling for individual-level risk and protective factors, we examine the simultaneous relationship of community- and school-level conditions on gang joining. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that both community- and school-level characteristics play a role in gang joining. The results of the cross-classified model suggests that community structural characteristics may serve as protection against gang joining. Individual-level risk and protective factors remain important for understanding gang joining. A variety of factors are related to gang joining. Though individual-level factors are important, community- and school-level factors are meaningful in the understanding of gang joining.
Local Interactions and Protein Folding: A 3D Off-Lattice Approach

The thermodynamic behavior of a three-dimensional off-lattice model for protein folding is probed. The model has only two types of residues, hydrophobic and hydrophilic. In absence of local interactions, native structure formation does not occur for the temperatures considered. By including sequence independent local interactions, which qualitatively reproduce local properties of functional proteins, the dominance of a native state for many sequences is observed. As in lattice model approaches, folding takes place by gradual compactification, followed by a sequence dependent folding transition. Our results differ from lattice approaches in that bimodal energy distributions are not observed and that high folding temperatures are accompanied by relatively low temperatures for the peak of the specific heat. Also, in contrast to earlier studies using lattice models, our results convincingly demonstrate that one does not need more than two types of residues to generate sequences with good thermodynamic folding properties in three dimensions. 1irback@thep.lu. se 2carsten@thep.lu. se 3frank@thep.lu. se 4ola@thep.lu. se
Limiting collagen turnover via collagenase‐resistance attenuates right ventricular dysfunction and fibrosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe form of pulmonary hypertension in which right ventricular (RV) afterload is increased and death typically occurs due to decompensated RV hypertrophy and failure. Collagen accumulation has been implicated in pulmonary artery remodeling, but how it affects RV performance remains unclear. Here, we sought to identify the role of collagen turnover, defined as the balance between collagen synthesis and degradation, in RV structure and function in PAH. To do so, we exposed mutant (Col1a1R/R) mice, in which collagen type I degradation is impaired such that collagen turnover is reduced, and wild‐type (Col1a1+/+) littermates to 14 days of chronic hypoxia combined with SUGEN treatment (HySu) to recapitulate characteristics of clinical PAH. RV structure and function were measured by echocardiography, RV catheterization, and histology. Despite comparable increases in RV systolic pressure (Col1a1+/+: 46 ± 2 mmHg; Col1a1R/R: 47 ± 3 mmHg), the impaired collagen degradation in Col1a1R/R mice resulted in no RV collagen accumulation, limited RV hypertrophy, and maintained right ventricular‐pulmonary vascular coupling with HySu exposure. The preservation of cardiac function in the mutant mice indicates a beneficial role of limited collagen turnover via impaired degradation in RV remodeling in response to chronic pressure overload. Our results suggest novel treatments that reduce collagen turnover may offer a new therapeutic strategy for PAH patients.
Dynamical Consequences of Bandpass Feedback Loops in a Bacterial Phosphorelay

Under conditions of nutrient limitation, Bacillus subtilis cells terminally differentiate into a dormant spore state. Progression to sporulation is controlled by a genetic circuit consisting of a phosphorelay embedded in multiple transcriptional feedback loops, which is used to activate the master regulator Spo0A by phosphorylation. These transcriptional regulatory interactions are “bandpass”-like, in the sense that activation occurs within a limited band of Spo0A∼P concentrations. Additionally, recent results show that the phosphorelay activation occurs in pulses, in a cell-cycle dependent fashion. However, the impact of these pulsed bandpass interactions on the circuit dynamics preceding sporulation remains unclear. In order to address this question, we measured key features of the bandpass interactions at the single-cell level and analyzed them in the context of a simple mathematical model. The model predicted the emergence of a delayed phase shift between the pulsing activity of the different sporulation genes, as well as the existence of a stable state, with elevated Spo0A activity but no sporulation, embedded within the dynamical structure of the system. To test the model, we used time-lapse fluorescence microscopy to measure dynamics of single cells initiating sporulation. We observed the delayed phase shift emerging during the progression to sporulation, while a re-engineering of the sporulation circuit revealed behavior resembling the predicted additional state. These results show that periodically-driven bandpass feedback loops can give rise to complex dynamics in the progression towards sporulation.
Reading Rate and Comprehension for Text Presented on Tablet and Paper: Evidence from Arabic

The effectiveness of tablet computers to supplement or replace paper-based text in everyday life has yet to be fully revealed. Previous investigations comparing reading performance using tablets and paper have, however, reported inconsistent results. Furthermore, the interpretability of some previous findings is limited by lack of experimental control over variables like text display conditions. In the current study, we investigated reading performance for text presented on tablet and paper. Crucially, the levels of luminance and contrast were matched precisely across tablet and paper. The study used Arabic text which differs substantially from the languages used previously to investigate effects of tablet and paper on reading, thus offering a distinctive test of the influence of these two media on reading performance. The results suggest that when text display conditions are well-matched, there is no reliable difference in reading performance between the two media. Also, neither the order of medium (reading from tablet or paper first), nor familiarity with using a tablet significantly influence reading performance. These results call into question previous suggestions that reading from tablets is linked to poorer reading performance, and demonstrate the benefits of controlling text display conditions. These findings are of interest to reading scientists and educators.
TIIE EXTRATROPICAI # 40-DAY OSCII , LATION IN THE UCIA CENRRAI , CIRCLJLATION MODEL PART 1 : ATMOSPIIERIC ANCLJI

Fluctuations in atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) are examined in a three-year simulation of the perpetual-January climate, performed with of a version of the UCIA general circulation model which contains no tropical, Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), In addition, the results of three shorter experiments with no topography are analyzed. The three-year, standard-topography run contains no significant intraseasonal AAM periodicity in the tropics, consistent with the lack of the MJO, but produces a robust, 42-day AAM oscillation in the northern hemisphere (NH) extratropics. The model tropics undergoes a barotropic, zonally-symmetric oscillation, driven by an exchange of mass with the NH extratropic-s. No intraseasonal periodicity is found in the average tropical latent heating field, indicating that the model oscillation is dynamicallyrather than thermodynamicallydriven. ‘he no-mountain runs fail to produce an intraseasonal AAM oscillation, consistent with an topographic origin for the NH extratropical oscillation in the standard model. The spatial pattern. of the oscillation in the 500 mb height field, and the relationship of the extratropi~l oscillation to intra.sea. scmal variations in the tropics, are discussed in Part II of this study,
Effect of Stress Management Training Based on Cognitive-Behavioral Approach on Improving Parent- Child Relationship and Psychological Well- Being in Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disability

Background and Purpose: Birth of a child with intellectual disability could have a negative impact on mothers, to physical, psychological and social tensions. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effect of stress management training based on cognitive-behavioral approach on improving parent- child relationship and psychological well- being in mothers of children with intellectual disability. Method: This study is a experimental with pre- test/ post- test and a control group. The population comprised of all mothers of children with intellectual disability of Rasht city in 2016 that 28 participants were selected by available sampling method and assigned to two experimental and control groups (14 mothers in each). To collect the data, Robert mother- child relationship assessment questionnaire (1961) and Ryff‘s scales of psychological well- being (2002) were used. For experimental group, stress management training based on cognitive- behavioral approach was executed at 10 weekly sessions in 45 minutes whereas control group did not have any training. Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed, this training were improve acceptance and reduce other components of mother- child relationship (overprotection, overindulgence, rejection) and also were improve the psychological well- being of mothers of children with intellectual disability (p< 0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, stress management training based on cognitive- behavioral approach is one of the most effective treatments to reduce stress, aggression and improve psychological well- being in mothers of children with intellectual disability.