Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chronic cerebrolysin administration attenuates neuronal abnormalities in the basolateral amygdala induced by neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion in the rat

The neonatal ventral hippocampal lesion (nVHL) has emerged as a model of schizophrenia‐related behavior in the rat. Our previous report demonstrated that cerebrolysin (Cbl), a neuropeptide preparation which mimics the action of endogenous neurotrophic factors on brain protection and repair, promoted recovery of dendritic and neuronal damage of the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens and behavioral improvements in postpubertal nVHL rats. We recently demonstrated that nVHL animals exhibit dendritic atrophy and spine loss in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). This study aimed to determine whether Cbl treatment was capable of reducing BLA neuronal alterations observed in nVHL rats. The morphological evaluation included examination of dendrites using the Golgi‐Cox procedure and stereology to quantify the total cell number in BLA. Golgi‐Cox staining revealed that nVHL induced dendritic retraction and spine loss in BLA pyramidal neurons. Stereological analysis demonstrated nVHL also produced a reduction in cells in BLA. Interestingly, repeated Cbl treatment ameliorated dendritic pathology and neuronal loss in the BLA of the nVHL rats. Our data show that Cbl may foster recovery of BLA damage in postpubertal nVHL rats and suggests that the use of neurotrophic agents for the management of some schizophrenia‐related symptoms may present an alternative therapeutic pathway in these disorders. Synapse, 68:31–38, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Public Engagement in Supportive Communication Behaviors toward an Organization: Effects of Relational Satisfaction and Organizational Reputation in Public Relations Management

Over the years, the understanding of the link between organization–public relationships and reputation constructs and their attitudinal and behavioral outcomes has advanced considerably. The Excellence Study (L. Grunig, J. Grunig, & Dozier, 2002) suggested that positive relationships built and maintained between organizations and publics can encourage publics to engage in supportive behaviors toward organizations. In support of this argument, Ki and Hon (2007b) empirically demonstrated the link between organization–public relationships and a public’s supportive attitude and behavioral intentions toward an organization. Their findings show that among the four relationship indicators—control mutuality, trust, satisfaction, and commitment—relational satisfaction a public has with the
Impacts of nanomedicines in ocular pharmacotherapy.

INTRODUCTION The integrity of the cells/tissues in anterior and/or posterior segments of the eye plays a crucial role in biofunctions of the vision. To maintain ocular homeostasis, selective restrictiveness of the ophthalmic membranes and barriers control must act on shuttling of biomolecules. Thus, not all attempts to apply de novo nanotechnology approaches for ocular pharmacotherapy have met with the same successes as those cited here in this review, and sometimes these novel technologies tools provoke a great deal of challenges and hurdles mainly because of functional presence of these barriers. METHODS Recent published articles related to applications of ocular nanomedicines were reviewed and highlighted in this review article. RESULTS It seems the emergence of nanomedicines have arisen great hopes for ophthalmic pharmacotherapy, in which nanostructured medicines are expected to be able to cross the restrictive barriers of the eye. Although such fast inauguration of ocular nanomedicines will literally convey new challenges in the regulatory and translational processes, it will also grant a prolific platform from which many exciting, and yet unimagined, applications of biomedical nanotechnology will emerge for pharmacotherapy of the eye. CONCLUSION This review provides recent advancements on ocular nanomedicines.
GREAT BASIN RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS : ECOLOGY , MANAGEMENT , AND RESTORATION

potential to adversely affect the recreational, aesthetic, and ecological resources of mountain streams. The ability to predict channel response to flow diversion can help project designers minimize adverse impacts and design appropriate mitigation measures. Toward this end, we use insights gained from detailed case studies of Lake Fork and Rock Creek – two diverted streams in the Uinta Mountains, Utah – (Stamp 2000, Stamp and Schmidt 2000, Schmidt et al. 2005), in conjunction with the results of previous studies, to develop a conceptual framework for predicting channel response to flow diversion. Specifically, we present a classification of different types of diversion systems and compare their effects on downstream hydrology and sediment supply. We then provide a description of the geomorphic, climatic, and watershed characteristics that affect how alterations to the flow and sediment regime ultimately translate into changes in channel morphology. This conceptual framework for predicting channel response to flow diversion is applicable to common types of municipal and agricultural diversion systems on mountain streams in the Intermountain West wh er e r un o f f pa t t e rn s a re predominantly snowmelt-driven.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Mass-loss predictions for 0 and B stars as a fuction of metallicity

We have calculated a grid of massive star wind models and mass-loss rates for a wide range of metal abundances between 1/100 ≤ Z/Z ≤ 10. The calculation of this grid completes the Vink et al. (2000) mass-loss recipe with an additional parameter Z. We have found that the exponent of the power law dependence of mass loss vs. metallicity is constant in the range between 1/30 ≤ Z/Z ≤ 3. The mass-loss rate scales as Ṁ ∝ Zv∞ with p = −1.23 for stars with Teff >∼ 25 000 K, and p = −1.60 for the B supergiants with Teff <∼ 25 000 K. Taking also into account the metallicity dependence of v∞, using the power law dependence v∞ ∝ Z from Leitherer et al. (1992), the overall result of mass loss as a function of metallicity can be represented by Ṁ ∝ Z for stars with Teff >∼ 25 000 K, and Ṁ ∝ Z for B supergiants with Teff <∼ 25 000 K. Although it is derived that the exponent of the mass loss vs. metallicity dependence is constant over a large range in Z, one should be aware of the presence of bi-stability jumps at specific temperatures. Here the character of the line driving changes drastically due to recombinations of dominant metal species resulting in jumps in the mass loss. We have investigated the physical origins of these jumps and have derived formulae that combine mass loss recipes for both sides of such jumps. As observations of different galaxies show that the ratio Fe/O varies with metallicity, we make a distinction between the metal abundance Z derived on the basis of iron or oxygen lines. Our mass-loss predictions are successful in explaining the observed mass-loss rates for Galactic and Small Magellanic Cloud Otype stars, as well as in predicting the observed Galactic bi-stability jump. Hence, we believe that our predictions are reliable and suggest that our mass-loss recipe be used in future evolutionary calculations of massive stars at different metal abundance. A computer routine to calculate mass loss is publicly available.
Relativistic periastron precession and frame dragging of stellar orbits in the central (milli)arcsecond of our Galaxy

The geodesic equations of general relativity that describe motion of a test particle in Kerr spacetime are solved exactly including the contribution of the cosmological constant. By applying the exact solution for the precession of the point of closest approach for the orbit of the test particle around the Kerr field, we calculate the relativistic effect of periapsis advance for the observed orbits of S-stars in the central arcsecond of our galaxy, assuming that the galactic centre is a Kerr black hole, for various values of the Kerr parameter including those supported by recent observations. The observation of the predicted effects can provide an important test of the theory of general relativity at the strong field regime. In addition, we derive the exact solution of timelike non-spherical polar and non-polar orbits. Exact expressions for the periastron (periapsis) advance and frame dragging (Lense-Thirring) effect for a test particle in a polar, non-spherical orbit in the Kerr gravitational field are derived and applied for practical calculations around the galactic centre. We subsequently derive an analytical expression for the periapsis precession for the equatorial non-circular orbit of a test particle around a rotating mass whose surrounding curved spacetime geometry is described by the Kerr-de Sitter field. ∗kraniotis@physics.tamu. edu †MIFP-06-05, February 2006
WARNING VOCALISATIONS AND PREDATOR INFORMATION TRANSFER IN SOCIAL BIRDS

Alarm or warning vocalizations are produced by many animals when they detect a potential predator. However little is known about the information contained in these vocalizations. This study investigated the warning vocalisations of three passerine species, viz. the Buff-streaked Chat Oenanthe bifasciata, the Stonechat Saxicola torquata and the Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullatus. The study investigated whether the alarm calls for terrestrial predators differ in their acoustic structure from alarm calls emitted for aerial predators. Birds were exposed to latex terrestrial snakes and mounted aerial raptors, while changes in six acoustic parameters of alarm calls were measured. Bronze Mannikins were investigated for differences in intra-specific alarm calls between familiar and unfamiliar group members by capturing wild groups of mannikins and randomly mixing these to form assorted groups. Bronze Mannikins emitting warning calls were able to discriminate differences in predator size, and increased their calling rate and decreased the end frequency of the alarm call in response to larger predators. This may be the caller’s response to increased threat or variation in frequency may obscure cues to the caller’s whereabouts. Assorted group members were less aggressive to predator models than original members and panicked more during confrontations. Hence the unfamiliarity of the caller may have disrupted group cohesion. The alarm call acoustics of the social Buff-streaked Chats and the solitary Stonechat were compared to examine the effect of group-living on alarm behaviour. Snakes elicited louder calls from both the chat species than raptors. Louder and collectively more vocal social groups might be more successful in discouraging attacks than an asocial species.
Student-centred learning: a humanist perspective

The notion of student-centred learning is often not defined; within the pedagogic literature it is generally associated with constructivism or principles associated with a constructivist environment such as building on prior knowledge, purposeful active learning and sense-making. An informal enquiry into conceptions of university staff prior to this study revealed a variety of interpretations warranting greater clarification and context. This interpretive study using a constructivist grounded approach focused on academic staff in art and design. It revealed a broader, more holistic conception of student-centred learning which is largely ignored in the literature and included ideas such as personal growth, consciousness raising and empowerment. It raises the question of whether humanist interpretations of student-centred learning should be more explicitly considered across the disciplines.
Estimating the Marginal Utility of Different Sections of an Arts Festival: the Case of Visitors to the South African National Arts Festival

Abstract This paper applies choice experiments (CE) to value the utility visitors derive from various sections of the National Arts Festival held once a year in Grahamstown, South Africa. A brief survey of the method and its use to date in valuing cultural goods is provided. The CE conducted at the 2003 South African National Arts Festival is described. The results show that a conditional logit model performs very well in valuing Festival attributes and provides interesting insights into the value that different gender and ethnic groups place on the various elements of the Festival. Such detailed information can help organizers to allocate resources more efficiently; particularly in South Africa, where the emphasis is on attracting previously excluded sectors of the population to cultural events.
The Revised Observed Tasks of Daily Living: A Performance-Based Assessment of Everyday Problem Solving in Older Adults

The Revised Observed Tasks of Daily Living (OTDL-R), a performance-based test of everyday problem solving, was administered to a sample of community-dwelling older adults. The OTDLR included nine tasks, representing medication use, telephone use, and financial management. The OTDL-R had a desirable range of difficulty and satisfactory internal consistency and showed a relatively invariant pattern of relations between measured tasks and the underlying latent dimensions they represent across White and non-White subsamples. The OTDL-R also correlated significantly with age, education, self-rated health, a paper-and-pencil measure of everyday problem solving, and measures of basic cognitive functioning. Thus, the OTDL-R is a reliable and valid objective measure of everyday problem solving that has great practical utility for assessing performance in diverse populations.
Students with Hearing Loss and their Teachers’ View on Factors Associated with the Students’ Listening Perception of Classroom Communication

Abstract This study investigates factors associated with the listening perception of classroom communication by students with hearing loss, based on the students’ and their teachers’ views. It also examines how students with different degrees of hearing loss may perceive their classmates. To explore the relationships between the factors Structural Equation Modelling was conducted based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health -Children and Youth (ICF-CY) framework. A total of 137 students from fifth grade (10 years of age) to tenth grade (16 years of age) and 167 teachers participated in the survey. The teachers considered that the students with several impairments and whose parents were less involved in their schooling perceived classroom communication to a lesser degree. The listening environment was considered essential by the students; in particular, classmates’ use of microphones seemed to improve the students’ perception. High levels of classroom noise hindered optimal perception. Significant differences were found between the students with bilateral and unilateral hearing loss with respect to their perception of classmates. None of the students with unilateral hearing loss appeared able to consistently perceive classmates, a problem that may be related to the insufficient use of roving microphones. Applying innovations such as microphones for classmates and ensuring a quiet classroom can enhance listening perception. Additionally, the students’ body function and parental involvement play an essential role.
Assessing Beginning Secondary Science Teachers' PCK: Pilot Year Results

While it is generally accepted that pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is an essential knowledge base for science teachers, educational researchers are not clear on how it develops. Previous researchers have suggested that classroom practice may play a significant role. Therefore, it is important to look at beginning teachers' PCK and its development during the first years in the classroom. Using the pilot year data from a larger study, we developed and employed a rubric to help understand 24 beginning secondary science teachers ‘PCK, focusing on two categories: Knowledge of Student Learning and Knowledge of Instructional Strategies. The results of analysis did not show a statistically significant change between the groups, but when comparisons were made with all of the teachers, the category of Knowledge of Students Learning did significantly change. In this paper we report the results of the pilot year data, provide examples of how we employed the rubric to assess teachers’ PCK, and discuss how this study benefits understanding beginning teachers' PCK.
Orienting in normal and pathological development

Abstract The term plasticity is often confined to changes due to learning. We believe, however, that the rapid lability of human behavior as different mental contents receive attention represents an important form of plasticity. Recent research in temperament and cognitive neuroscience provides an account of the development of a specific neural system involved in attentional self-regulation. In this paper, we concentrate on a network involved in orienting. We describe what is currently known about this network and its development during the first years of life. This network interacts with other attentional networks that come to control orienting to remembered events as well as those currently present. Orienting reflects processes that are both deeply biological and also open to cultural influences through learning. Attention is influenced by the current emotional state and is also important in achieving control over the emotional state. We present evidence on how learning influences eye position between 4 and 18 months of life and indicate influences of orienting on important aspects of infant behavior. Like any biological system, problems can arise in these mechanisms. We speculate on how individual differences in distress proneness and orienting may relate to the development of psychopathology.
The agent-relative/agent-neutral distinction: my two sense(s)

The agent-relative/agent-neutral distinction is very well established and widely employed in the metaethical literature. However, I argue that there are actually two different senses of the distinction at large: the hetero-/homogeneous sense and the dependence/independence sense. The traditional, unqualified distinction ought, therefore, to be amended, with each use of the distinction being stipulated as used in either the hetero-/homogeneous sense or the dependence/independence sense. Careful analysis of various metaethics supports that there are these two senses – analysis, in particular, of a neo-Kantian metaethic, according to which reasons are agent-relative in the dependence sense but agent-neutral in the homogeneous sense, and – perhaps surprisingly – of Utilitarianism, according to which reasons are agent-neutral in the independence sense but agent-relative in the heterogeneous sense.
McCarthy scales, McCarthy screening test, and Kaufman's McCarthy short form correlations with the Peabody Individual Achievement Test

In this investigation, the relationships between the McCarthy Scales General Cognitive Index, the McCarthy Screening Test, Kaufman's McCarthy short form, and the Peabody Individual Achievement Test were examined. The sample included 39 children randomly selected from four classes in an elementary school. Results indicated that the Estimated General Cognitive Index by Kaufman's short form was virtually identical to the McCarthy Scales (full form) Index. The McCarthy Scales, McCarthy Screening Test, and Kaufman's short form all correlated significantly (p=.01) with the Peabody Individual Achievement Test, with the exception of the McCarthy Motor Scale. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the Peabody Total Test/Kaufman McCarthy short form correlation of.55 and the Peabody Total Test/McCarthy Screening Test correlation of.54 (t=0.09). Implications of these findings are discussed.
Neonatal and pediatric outcome of infants born to mothers with Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Abstract Objective: To determine any adverse outcome to infants born to mothers with Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS). Design: Case control study with retrospective data collection and prospective pediatric review. Setting: Regional Recurrent Miscarriage Clinic based at a University Teaching Hospital. Participants: Infants (n = 62) of mothers with APS, compared to 124 index cases randomly selected from the delivery register, matched for gestation and sex who delivered between 1992 and 1997. Results: Sixty two infants born to 55 women with APS were reviewed to study the neonatal outcome. The prematurity rate for the group was 10%, compared to 8.5% for the total hospital population over the same period of time. Twenty-one percent (21%) had birth weights less than or equal to the 10th centile, which was not statistically significant compared to matched controls.
Key indicators influencing the management of team integration in construction projects

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to validate a list of key indicators (KIs) of team integration identified from construction management literature, identify the most significant KIs and provide suggestions on how to influence team integration, based on the opinion of an established construction peer group in New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review was conducted to identify and consolidate a set of KIs of team integration. Subsequently, a set of questions was designed to gain insight and opinion in terms of the significance and ranking of the identified indicators, as well as suggestions on how to influence the integration practice. Findings – Analysis of the survey results showed that all relevant indicators have a strong influence towards determining the success of team integration in construction projects. The top-ranked indicators that contribute towards successful team integration are all relationship orientated as follows; single team focus on goals and objectives, trust .
Supportive psychotherapy of a psychodynamic orientation as an adjunctive treatment for drug-induced depression: A case study

Abstract Treatment for drug-induced depression usually consists of cessation or reduction of the causative agent and psychopharmacologic management. In addition, psychotherapy can be useful as an adjunctive treatment. The author presents case material related to a young woman with an inborn physical illness, who became depressed during the course of interferon treatment for a medical complication, hepatitis virus infection. In addition to the cessation of interferon and pharmacologic management, supportive psychotherapy of a psychodynamic orientation was started in order to address the patient’s low self-esteem and anxiety about her future. During the course of psychotherapy, it was understood that the premature cessation of interferon was, to her, a narcissistic injury. It was also important to explore the meanings of her inborn illness and her guilty feelings. After reviewing various formulations of depression, the author discusses the case material from an integrative perspective, which describes vicious cycles of depression.