Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of assessment on repeat deliberate self-harm

Deliberate self-harm is a pervasive issue that is the topic of worldwide clinical and research focus. Among the extensive research findings two salient issues emerge that provide the foundation for this study. The first is that a deliberate self-harm attempt is a significant risk factor for future attempts. The second is that a comprehensive assessment of a person presenting with an incident of deliberate self-harm can reduce further deliberate self-harming behaviour. A limitation of existing research is that no study has clearly identified the nature of assessments that impact on the likelihood of future self-harm attempts. The initial aim of this study was to replicate studies that explored the impact of an assessment after a deliberate self-harm episode, using Western Australian data. It was anticipated that the risk of a re-presentation will be reduced by increasing the likelihood that representation would take longer if an assessment was undertaken. It was also anticipated that some types of assessment would be more beneficial than others. A further aim of this study was to determine what the relevant health professionals believed led to this outcome, in particular, if one type of assessment was more beneficial than the others. In order to achieve these aims the research team examined data of patients who presented to the emergency departments of three teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia between 1995 and 2004 and had reported a deliberate self-harm attempt. A total of 8656 files were examined, from a total of 13,500 presentations during this period. Cox proportional hazards regression showed that compared to patients who had no assessment, the time between initial presentation and any further presentation for a self harm episode at Assessment and Repeat Deliberate Self-Harm v one of the participating hospitals was significantly longer for those who received an assessment. Those who received either a social work assessment, or both a social work and mental health assessment, were significantly more likely to take longer to re-present. In an attempt to identify the content of the social work assessment that may have impacted on these findings the researcher interviewed six practitioners who undertook these assessments. These interviewees reported the relationship they established with patients; their exploration of the psychosocial context of the patient; and their conviction that the assessment is in itself an intervention, as the distinguishing factors of these assessments. Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that a psychosocial approach may be influential when conducting assessments of deliberate self harm. These assessments may benefit from a focus on developing a relationship with the client, combined with an attempt to resolve identified needs and should this occur during the assessment it may impact on future self harming behaviours. Researcher: Kellie Jones Principal Supervisor: Prof Alfred Allan Associate Supervisor: Ms Kristine Northey Associate Supervisor: Dr Maria M Allan Submitted: AUGUST 2011 Assessment and Repeat Deliberate Self-Harm vi
The Inshore Fish Fauna of Johnston Island, a Central Pacific Atoll

THIS PAPER is primarily concerned with Central Pacific zoogeography. Its main purpose is to trace in so far as possible the derivation and the immigration and emigration routes of the Johnston Island inshore fish fauna. The importance of Johnston for a study of this sort . lies in its position between the areas inhabited by the great tropical Pacific fauna to the south and the strongly endemic Hawaiian fauna to the north (Fig. 1). The first section of this paper records the fishes known from Johnston and presents the taxonomic interpretations upon which the zoogeographic treatment of the second section is based. Of the collections dealt with, the most important for this paper are those taken by V. E. Brock, Y. Yamaguchi, and the author at Johnston in February 1951. These collections were made possible through the kindness of Colonel Cronau, then commanding officer of the island, and were greatly facilitated by Lt. Col. Eaton and other members of the airforce who were there at the time. In addition, three small collections from the same island were turned over to me by Brock, Schaefer, and Francis respectively. Finally, a reexamination of certain fishes from Johnston recorded by Fowler and Ball (1925) was made possible through the courtesy of the staff of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.
Droplet evaporation and spread on waxy and hairy leaves associated with type and concentration of adjuvants.

BACKGROUND Adjuvants can improve pesticide application efficiency and effectiveness. However, quantifications of the adjuvant-amended pesticide droplet actions on foliage, which could affect application efficiencies, are largely unknown. RESULTS Droplet evaporation rates and spread on waxy or hairy leaves varied greatly with the adjuvant types tested. On waxy leaves, the wetted areas of droplets containing crop oil concentrate (COC) were significantly smaller than those containing modified seed oil (MSO), non-ionic surfactant (NIS) or oil surfactant blend (OSB), whereas the evaporation rates of COC-amended droplets were significantly higher. On hairy leaves, COC-amended droplets remained on top of the hairs without wetting the epidermis. When the relative concentration was 1.50, the wetted area of droplets with NIS was 9.2 times lower than that with MSO and 6.1 times lower than that with OSB. The wetted area increased as the adjuvant concentration increased. MSO- or OSB-amended droplets spread extensively on the hairy leaf surface until they were completely dried. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that the proper concentration of MSO, NIS or OSB in spray mixtures improved the homogeneity of spray coverage on both waxy and hairy leaf surfaces and could reduce pesticide use. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Evaluation of Quality Measure Factors for the Middleware Based Context-Aware Applications

With the rapid development of the information technology, it is inevitable that the distributed mobile computing will evolve to the pervasive computing gradually whose final goal is fusing the information space composed of computers with the physical space in which the people are working and living in. To achieve this goal, one of the problems is how to continuously monitor/capture and interpret the environment related information efficiently to assure high context awareness. One of the attentions has been paid to the research of the context-aware pervasive applications is the quality measure for the context. However, existing research just take the Quality of Context (QoC) into account in several aspects. Therefore, we have analyzed all the possible factors that affecting the quality of the context. Furthermore, based on our context-aware framework supporting QoC management, we can use these factors to refinery raw context, discard duplicate and inconsistent context so as to protect and provide QoS-enriched context information of users to context-aware applications and services.
Intraepidermal nerve fibre density in cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is a common adverse event in patients receiving vinca alcaloids, platinum derivatives and taxanes. However, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. We set up a prospective pilot study on skin biopsies in newly diagnosed cancer patients receiving neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents as adjuvant treatment in order to study the occurrence of small-fibre pathology and its relationship to clinical symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS Skin biopsies from distal leg were performed in 12 patients before, during and after chemotherapy. Using light microscopy, the intraepidermal nerve fibre (IENF) density was determined from the skin biopsies by counting morphometrically the immunopositive nerves per epidermal area. RESULTS Reduced IENF density was observed in eight patients at baseline. During the follow-up, the IENF density increased significantly in six patients and remained unchanged in two. In four patients, the IENF density was normal both at baseline and at the end of the follow-up period. Neuropathic symptoms were manifested in nine patients, but no association with the IENF count was found. CONCLUSION During chemotherapy, results from patients revealed different evolutionary patterns of IENF density, but symptoms and IENF density were not related.
Sensemaking Under Pressure: The Influence of Professional Roles and Social Accountability on the Creation of Sense

In this paper, I elaborate a theoretical model of how individuals come to make or create sense through their language while being accountable to others. Using accounts of corporate communication professionals who made sense of anomalous circumstances, I analyze how they used metaphorical words and expressions to organize their accounts and to negotiate between their own individual commitments and perceived social expectations. Based on the analysis, I induce that professionals (a) use individual metaphors to align themselves with the expectations of others and to mark particular roles for themselves that strictly meet those expectations (“strategic shifting”) when they perceive the social approval motive as strong; (b) engage in the extended use of a single metaphor to compress a situation into a frame that mediates between individual convictions and others' expectations (“framing”) when they know the views of others but are also strongly motivated to think through a circumstance as part of their professional role or previous commitments; and (c) systematically use a combination of metaphors that are blended and elaborated into a plausible narrative that attributes responsibility and prescribes a course of action (“narration”) when they are in a position (as part of their role) to define a circumstance, are unconstrained by past experiences, and do not directly know the views of others. This model integrates findings from prior research and combines the influence of role-related commitments and social accountability pressures on sensemaking.
Influence of family history of dementia in the development and progression of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease

Family history of dementia (FH) is a recognized risk factor for developing late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). We asked whether having FH increases AD risk and influences disease severity (age at onset and cognitive impairment) in 420 AD patients and 109 controls with (FH+) or without (FH−). The relationships of APOE and other AD risk genes with FH were analyzed as well. The proportion of APOE e4 allele carriers was higher among the FH+ than the FH− AD patients (49.6% vs. 38.9%; P = 0.04). The distribution of the risk genotypes of nine AD susceptibility genes previously examined (CHAT, CYP17, CYP19, ESR1, FSHR, P53, P73, P21, PPARG) did not differ between the FH+ and the FH− AD patients, indicating that none contributed significantly to familial clustering of disease. FH was associated with an increased AD risk (odds ratio [OR] 2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44–5.09; P = 0.002) independent of carrying the APOE e4 allele (OR 2.61, 95%CI 1.53–4.44; P = 0.0004). Having a first‐degree relative or a parent with dementia was significantly associated with AD risk (OR 2.9, 95%CI 1.3–6.4; P = 0.009 and OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.1–6.2; P = 0.02) but having a sibling with dementia was not (OR 1.7, 95%CI 0.2 to 14.7; P = 0.6). Among the FH+ AD patients, having one or both parents affected seemed to raise the risk of earlier onset age (P = 0.02) and greater cognitive impairment (P = 0.02) than having only an affected sibling, whereas having two or more affected relatives did not. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deep Recurrent Q-Learning for Partially Observable MDPs

Deep Reinforcement Learning has yielded proficient controllers for complex tasks. However, these controllers have limited memory and rely on being able to perceive the complete game screen at each decision point. To address these shortcomings, this article investigates the effects of adding recurrency to a Deep Q-Network (DQN) by replacing the first post-convolutional fully-connected layer with a recurrent LSTM. The resulting \textit{Deep Recurrent Q-Network} (DRQN), although capable of seeing only a single frame at each timestep, successfully integrates information through time and replicates DQN's performance on standard Atari games and partially observed equivalents featuring flickering game screens. Additionally, when trained with partial observations and evaluated with incrementally more complete observations, DRQN's performance scales as a function of observability. Conversely, when trained with full observations and evaluated with partial observations, DRQN's performance degrades less than DQN's. Thus, given the same length of history, recurrency is a viable alternative to stacking a history of frames in the DQN's input layer and while recurrency confers no systematic advantage when learning to play the game, the recurrent net can better adapt at evaluation time if the quality of observations changes.
Phase in the harmonic models of the speech signal: strategies for representation, processing and applications

This PhD dissertation was written by Ibon Saratxaga and supervised by Inma Hernaez. It was defended at the University of the Basque Country the 5 of March 2012. The committee members were Prof. Jose Manuel Pardo (UPM), Prof. Asuncion Moreno (UPC), Dr.Eduardo Rodriguez Banga (UVigo), Dr. Eva Navas (UPV/EHU) and Dr. Daniel Erro (UPV/EHU). The dissertation was awarded an “apto cum laude” qualification.
Genetic characterization of vocal fold lesions: Leukoplakia and Carcinoma

Malignant transformation of laryngeal keratosis has been reported in a substantial subset of patients, yet reliable criteria for predicting patients most at risk have yet to be determined. Current methods for determining dysplasia ratings are susceptible to errors in biopsy sampling and interpretation. An understanding of the genetic underpinnings of the progression of vocal fold tumorigenesis may contribute to the creation of reliable and predictive diagnostic criteria. We hypothesized that genetic expression markers distinguish patients with keratotic noncancerous vocal fold lesions from invasive carcinoma.
Discontinuous Galerkin method in time combined with a stabilized finite element method in space for linear first-order PDEs

We analyze the discontinuous Galerkin method in time combined with a finite element method with symmetric stabilization in space to approximate evolution problems with a linear, first-order differential operator. A unified analysis is presented for space discretization, including the discontinuous Galerkin method and $H^1$-conforming finite elements with interior penalty on gradient jumps. Our main results are error estimates in various norms for smooth solutions. Two key ingredients are the post-processing of the fully discrete solution by lifting its jumps in time and a new time-interpolate of the exact solution. We first analyze the $L^\infty(L^2)$ and $L^2(L^2)$ errors and derive a super-convergent bound of order $(\tau^{k+2}+h^{r+1/2})$ in the case of static meshes for $k\ge 1$. Here, $\tau$ is the time step, $k$ the polynomial order in time, $h$ the size of the space mesh, and $r$ the polynomial order in space. For the case of dynamically changing meshes, we derive a novel bound on the resulting projection error. Finally, we prove new optimal bounds on static meshes for the error in the time-derivative and in the discrete graph norm.
Influence of Berry Heterogeneity on Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Grapes and Wines: A Primary Study of the New Winegrape Cultivar Meili (Vitis vinifera L.)

Wine grapes are usually harvested in vineyards when they ripen. However, not all of the berries in a vineyard ripen homogeneously because of different microclimates around the clusters and berries. In this study, the influence of berry heterogeneity on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of grapes and wines under a continental monsoon climate was evaluated for a new wine grape cultivar Meili (Vitis vinifera L.). The total phenolic, flavonoid, flavanol, and monomeric anthocyanin contents in the skin and wine significantly increased with grape density; however, there was no significant difference in the seeds between the two lower densities. The highest values of DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity, and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity in the skin, seed and wine were detected for the densest berries. The sum of individual phenolic compounds in skin, seed and wine increased with berry density, though no significant difference for skin was observed between the two higher density classes. Hence, the chemical components of Meili grapes and wines were positively associated with the berry density at harvest under the continental monsoon climate.
Enhanced MoM Analysis of the Scattering by Periodic Strip Gratings in Multilayered Substrates

The method of moments (MoM) is applied to the analysis of the scattering of a multilayered periodic strip grating by a plane wave with oblique incidence and arbitrary polarization. Although this problem has been traditionally solved by means of the MoM in the spectral domain, this is an approach which leads to the computation of slowly convergent infinite summations. In this paper, the problem is solved by means of the mixed potential integral equation (MPIE) formulation of the MoM in the spatial domain. While applying the MoM in the spatial domain, two improvements are introduced which lead to important CPU time savings. First, the multilayered periodic Green's functions are accurately interpolated in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. Second, half the integrals involved in the computation of the MoM matrix entries are obtained in closed form. As a consequence of these two improvements, the spatial domain version of the MoM presented in this paper turns out to be between one and two orders of magnitude faster than the conventional spectral domain version when basis functions that account for edge singularities are used in the modeling of the current density on the metallizations.
The acceptance of hearing aids for children with otitis media with effusion

Abstract Conservative treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME) led us to consider the use of hearing aids as a way of managing the associated hearing loss. This study aimed to assess the compliance of patients and acceptance of hearing aids for the management of children with OME. Thirty-nine children who had been given binaural hearing aids to manage OME were assessed at routine follow-up after six months. A clinician who did not prescribe the aid administered a questionnaire to assess compliance, change in symptoms and acceptance of the aids. Thirty-eight parents thought the aids were easy to use and 25 (66 per cent) were completely satisfied with the management. Aided hearing improved by a mean of 17 dB (Range 10–30) over three frequencies, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 Khz and all parents reported subjective hearing improvement in their children. The stigma of an aid was reported as minimal under the age of seven. Hearing aids provide a non-invasive way of managing the problems associated with OME which is acceptable to certain parents and children. Long-term effects of using aids need to be evaluated before they can be recommended.
Microlaparoscopic vs conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized double-blind trial.

BACKGROUND Downsizing the port incisions may reduce pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS In a double-blind controlled study, 60 patients were randomized to undergo either microlaparoscopic cholecystectomy using one 10-mm and three 3.5-mm trocars (3.5-mm LC) or traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy using two 10-mm and two 5-mm trocars (LC). Incisional pain at each port incision and overall pain were recorded for 1 week after the operation. Fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pulmonary function, and cosmetic results were also measured. RESULTS Data from 52 patients were analyzed; eight patients were excluded from the study for various reasons. One patient was converted from 3.5-mm LC to LC due to technical problems with the 3.5-mm optic. In the 3.5-mm LC group (n = 25), incisional pain was significantly decreased in the 1st postoperative week as compared with the LC group (n = 27) (p <0.01). In both groups, pain scores at the supraumbilical 10-mm port were significantly higher compared with other port sites (p <0.05). The cosmetic results were significantly better in the 3.5-mm LC group (p <0.01). There were no significant differences in any of the other variables. CONCLUSION The use of 3.5-mm trocars is feasible in LC, and it both reduces incisional pain and improves the cosmetic result.
Gene Order of the Poliovirus Capsid Proteins

Two methods were used to determine the genetic map of the poliovirus capsid proteins. The first method uses pactamycin, a drug which selectively inhibits the initiation of protein synthesis and causes a change in the relative amounts of capsid proteins synthesized. This differential effect on each of the capsid proteins is interpreted as indicating the relative distance of each protein from the initiation site of protein synthesis. The second method involves an analysis of coat precursor molecules released from polyribosomes after a series of short pulses of different length terminated by addition of emetine, a drug which stops all protein synthesis almost immediately after its addition. As the pulse length is increased, each of the capsid proteins within the precursor gains radioactivity with different kinetics. From these kinetics, it is possible to determine the gene order of the capsid proteins within the precursor as well as a rate of protein synthesis. Both methods indicate a gene order for the region of the ribonucleic acid coding for the capsid proteins as (5′ → 3′) VP 4 - VP 2 - VP 3 - VP 1.
Knowledge transfer in collaborative teams: experiences from a two-week code camp

Software engineering has both technological and social dimensions. As development teams spanning across the globe are increasingly the norm and while the web enables massive online collaboration, there is a growing need for effective collaboration tools. In this paper, we describe experiences on collaborative programming as a tool for learning software development. To investigate the nature of collaboration in software engineering education, we arranged a two-week-long course experiment where students used a collaborative online integrated development environment to create different kinds of web services. We present lessons learned from the experiment and discuss how collaboration can act as a tool for knowledge transfer among learners.
Foreign Direct Investment and Growth: Does the Sector Matter? *

Although it may seem natural to argue that foreign direct investment (FDI) can convey great advantages to host countries, this paper shows that the benefits of FDI vary greatly across sectors by examining the effect of foreign direct investment on growth in the primary, manufacturing, and services sectors. An empirical analysis using cross-country data for the period 1981-1999 suggests that total FDI exerts an ambiguous effect on growth. Foreign direct investments in the primary sector, however, tend to have a negative effect on growth, while investment in manufacturing a positive one. Evidence from the service sector is ambiguous.