Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Skin: A Clinical and Cytopathological Appraisal

This report describes the fine needle aspiration cytologic findings of 22 cases of basal cell carcinoma of the skin. The series consisted of 17 men and 5 women with a mean age of 60.7 years (range, 35–80). All the patients were from south of Xinjiang and were outdoor workers with histories of prolonged exposure to strong sunlight. Histopathologic study was performed in all cases. Using fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in evaluating basal cell carcinoma, there were no false‐positive cases, but one false‐negative one giving a diagnostic accuracy of 95.65%. Cytologic features suggestive of basal cell carcinoma included increased numbers of small, uniform hyperchromatic, relatively little cytoplasmic cell clusters. The peripheral cells appeared in monolayer form as a papillated outline with very strong cellular cohesion. Scattered tumor cells were seldom seen. The differential diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma in FNAC includes poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, eccrine gland carcinoma, and neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. FNAC diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma is essential in order to ensure proper treatment.
Innovation and Input Sharing

Abstract This paper establishes a link between innovation and input sharing. A dense network of input suppliers facilitates innovation by making it less costly to bring new ideas to fruition. Thus, knowledge spillovers are not necessary in order for geographic concentration to foster innovation. The paper also examines the relationship between innovation and growth and the efficiency of the innovation process.
Single-Phase Microgrid With Seamless Transition Capabilities Between Modes of Operation

Microgrids are an effective way to increase the penetration of distributed generation into the grid. They are capable of operating either in grid-connected or in islanded mode, thereby increasing the supply reliability for the end user. This paper focuses on achieving seamless transitions from islanded to grid-connected and vice versa for a single phase microgrid made up from voltage controlled voltage source inverters (VC-VSIs) and current controlled voltage source inverters (CC-VSIs) working together in both modes of operation. The primary control structures for the VC-VSIs and CC-VSIs is considered together with the secondary control loops that are used to synchronize the microgrid as a single unit to the grid. Simulation results are given that show the seamless transitions between the two modes without any disconnection times for the CC-VSIs and VC-VSIs connected to the microgrid.
Live What You Teach & Teach What You Live: Student Views on the Acceptability of Teachers’ Value-Related Statements about Sustainability and Climate Change

This paper presents the results of a survey among pre-service and inservice students of pre-school education and students of environmental sciences on the acceptability of value-laden statements made by their teachers on issues of sustainable development and climate change. Fifteen statements were provided, and students had to choose among the options »acceptable statement«, »unacceptable statement« and »cannot decide«. The questionnaire was completed by 139 students from two universities in Slovenia. The results show that the students expect their teachers to promote the principles of sustainable development. The majority of students considered any teacher’s statement that would cast doubt on the cause or the necessity to act against climate change to be unacceptable. Teacher’s statements emphasising global issues that have, or could have, a direct impact on developed countries (e.g. climate change) received higher support than those global questions that more heavily impact underdeveloped or developing countries (e.g. poverty, child labour, access to natural resources). In the conclusion, it is emphasised that teachers should assist students in developing their own moral positions on complex issues such as sustainable development and climate change. Structured discussion techniques, such as a panel discussion, forum and debate, should be regularly and carefully implemented into lectures at the university level.
Fiscal Planning, Budgeting, and Rebudgeting Using Revenue Semaphores

Revenue forecasts play an important role in the state government budget and policy process. These forecasts are generally reported to executive and legislative leaders as point estimates, with no acknowledgment of their corresponding risk and uncertainty. The revenue semaphores proposed in this article outline procedures by which revenue uncertainty directly influences the planning process. The goal is not to make forecasts more accurate, but to make discussions of budget and revenue alternatives more comprehensive. Explicitly incorporating risk and uncertainty measures into the budgeting process increases the degree of real-time budgeting and reduces some adverse effects of budget revisions after the fiscal year begins. The discussion occurs in the context of budget control, management, and policy making.
Careers in academe: the academic labour market as an eco‐system

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the contrast between stable and dynamic labour markets in academe in light of career theories that were originally developed for business environments.Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual design, offering the eco‐system as a framework.Findings – It evaluates their relevance and applicability to dynamic and global academic labour markets using the emerging novel eco‐system theory. Lessons are drawn for individual scholars employed in the higher education sector as well as to institutions.Practical implications – The paper suggests practical indications for people‐management within academe. It integrates human capital theory, psychological‐contract concepts and career perspectives about people‐management with practical career advice for the sector.Originality/value – The paper offers a conceptual framework to better understand labour markets, in particular academic labour markets, using eco‐system as a strong explanatory power.
Technology gap among suppliers and Pop & Mom Stores as a key distribution cost issue

A Pop & Mom store segment of around 450 000 business is an important market for large multinational corporations and medium size firms involved in the retail goods production business in Mexico. As large and medium size suppliers are fully integrated to technology based processes, and working under supply chain management practices, in the distribution side of the value chain are the Pop & Mom stores representing an important economic group of business with asymmetries in regard of the adoption of basic information technology to align with their business parties. Little is known about the challenges faced by Pop & Mom stores in developing countries to integrate information technology components to their business processes such as suppliers and inventory management. Results of a study conducted in a middle size city in the Northeast Region of Mexico suggest that due to the technology gap existing among them and their large suppliers, increasing distribution costs are threatening the survival of this business model while suppliers are focusing their attention on the convenience stores model operating upon technology based processes.
Modelling the spread of HIV/AIDS in China: The role of sexual transmission

The study presented here is an exploration of the implications of patterns of sexual behaviour for the spread of HIV in China, using a bio-behavioural macrosimulation model. To reflect the uncertainty surrounding key parameters, analyses of varied scenarios are used to show a range of possible outcomes consistent with variations in selected biological and behavioural inputs. The latter are estimated from a nationwide survey of sexual behaviour recently conducted in China, a country with an emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic, where it is feared that HIV/AIDS will spread to the general population via heterosexual transmission. The results highlight the primacy of the levels and distribution of sexual activity in the population. They offer some guidelines for understanding and interpreting the potential implications of current and prospective changes in sexual behaviour for the spread of HIV/AIDS in the world's largest population, and also highlight the need to collect better data on sexual behaviour for the estimation of key model inputs.
The Wealth Effect of Demutualization: Evidence from the U.S. Property-Liability and Life Insurance Industries

This study examines the wealth effect of demutualization initial public offerings (IPOs) by investigating underpricing and postconversion long-run stock performance. Our results suggest that there is more "money left on the table" for demutualized insurers than for non-demutualized insurers. We show that higher underpricing for demutualized firms can be explained by greater market demand, market sentiment, and the size of the offering. Further, contrary to previous research reporting an average underperformance of industrial IPOs, we show that demutualization IPOs outperform non-IPO firms with comparable size and book-to-market ratios and non-demutualized insurers. We present evidence that the outperformance in stock returns is mainly attributable to improvement in post-demutualization operating performance and demand at the time of the IPOs. The combined results of underpricing and long-term performance suggest that the wealth of policyholders who choose stock rather than cash or policy credits is not harmed by demutualization. Stockholders who purchase demutualized company shares either during or after the IPO have earned superior returns. Our findings are consistent with the efficiency improvement hypothesis. Copyright The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2008.
Genetic Evaluation of Beef Fertility in Ireland

1) number of parities included in the evaluation is increasing from 3 to 5 parities 2) the predictor traits of body condition score, angularity, foot angle and udder depth are being replaced by calving to first service interval and number of services 3) genetic parameters are being updated since last estimated in 2005 (Pool et al., 2005) 4) Length of contemporary groups changed from 182 days to 70 days 5) Adjustment for heterogeneity of variances based on herd-year.
Ultrasonography in carpal tunnel syndrome: Comparison with electrophysiological stage and motor unit number estimate

The purpose of this study was to document the ultrasonographic measurement differences in median nerve size between patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and controls, and to correlate these findings with electrophysiological stage and motor unit number estimation (MUNE), thereby allowing us to test the validity of ultrasound as a diagnostic modality for assessing the severity of CTS. High‐resolution sonography and electrophysiological studies were performed on 41 wrists of 27 patients and compared with findings on 40 wrists of 20 healthy individuals. On ultrasonographic views, cross‐sectional area and flattening ratio in proximal, middle, and distal tunnel segments of the median nerve were measured both by calculating ellipsoid area by large and small cross‐sectional diameters and by automated ellipsoid area calculation. We compared electrophysiological stage and MUNE with proximal, middle, and distal cross‐sectional area and other ultrasonographic findings. All correlations between electrophysiological stage and cross‐sectional areas in these different segments of the median nerve were significant with both measurement methods. Negative correlations were seen between MUNE and cross‐sectional area in the proximal and middle segments, whereas no significant correlation was detected in the distal segment. Our results indicate that there are close correlations between the ultrasonographic findings and electrophysiological stage. Ultrasound also reflects the reduction in the number of axons estimated by the MUNE method. Therefore, we suggest that the ultrasonographic findings reflect the severity of disease in patients with CTS. Muscle Nerve, 2006
Best Practice Program for Low-Income African American Students Transitioning from Middle to High School

Best Practice Program for Low-Income African American Students Transitioning from Middle to High School Carolyn Gentle-Genitty Abstract On the basis of systematic evaluation of three program databases, totaling 246 programs, this article provides a discussion on a best practice program for low-income African American students transitioning from middle school to high school in urban school settings. The main research question was “Of the programs touted as best practice, is there one that could produce positive middle school transition outcomes for low-income African American students in urban school settings? ” To allow for the examination of as many programs as possible that targeted African American students, no subcategories of African American students were made, for example, low income. Using specific exclusion criteria, the author chose four programs as best practice (School Transitional Environmental Program [STEP]; Skills, Opportunity, and Recognition; Positive Action through Holistic Education; and Fast Track). These four programs were further evaluated with an eight-point inclusion criteria. The results suggested that STEP was the best best practice program, from those examined, for working with low-income African American transitioning from middle school to high school.
Pricing Strategies in Regulated Markets

In a context of downward trends in mail volumes, recent postal reforms have allowed postal operators to build tariffs with a more balanced approach between cost based and demand based pricing. In the United States, some increased pricing flexibility was granted to the USPS in 2006 with the adoption of the Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act. In Europe, the adoption of the 2008 postal directive which liberalizes the postal sector confirmed the application of the subsidiarity principle, according to which European Union member states are free to determine the scope of regulated services, and consequently the degree of pricing flexibility for postal operators. In line with these regulatory changes, postal operators practice has been characterized by more innovations, both in the United States and in Europe. Analyzing recent product launch and commercial policies, we identify a link between demand based pricing and legislations which set up liberalization and a more flexible approach of cost orientation principles. Through increased market segmentation, postal operators have developed differentiated pricing in relation to specific products and specific customers. The paper provides insights from postal operators' strategies and interactions with regulatory authorities concerning price, in a context of growing pressure from various stakeholders on postal operators' marketing strategies.
Unleashing ethnic entrepreneurship: proactive policy-making in a changing Europe

Amid mounting concerns in post-2004 Europe about economic growth and competitiveness in global markets, immigrant/ethnic entrepreneurs successfully incorporate and manage new businesses that satisfy ethnic needs, create new jobs, buttress other businesses, stimulate competition and contribute to national coffers. Instituting appropriate immigrant/ethnic entrepreneur-centred policies and initiatives that encourage greater use of co-ethnic, multi-ethnic and host-country business networks could nurture this entrepreneurial activity. This study, incorporating literature and publications within several countries in Europe and elsewhere, reviews entrepreneur interdependence from the networking perspective since, traditionally, immigrant/ethnic entrepreneurs have been self- and mutually reliant. It recommends appropriate policies and initiatives be developed and implemented to promote this mutual reliance to ensure ethnic/immigrant enterprises are (a) increased in number, (b) aided to survive and thrive, (c) accelerated in their growth and (d) facilitated to become more competitive nationally and internationally. Six action areas are proposed.
Online extremism and the communities that sustain it: Detecting the ISIS supporting community on Twitter

The Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) continues to use social media as an essential element of its campaign to motivate support. On Twitter, ISIS’ unique ability to leverage unaffiliated sympathizers that simply retweet propaganda has been identified as a primary mechanism in their success in motivating both recruitment and “lone wolf” attacks. The present work explores a large community of Twitter users whose activity supports ISIS propaganda diffusion in varying degrees. Within this ISIS supporting community, we observe a diverse range of actor types, including fighters, propagandists, recruiters, religious scholars, and unaffiliated sympathizers. The interaction between these users offers unique insight into the people and narratives critical to ISIS’ sustainment. In their entirety, we refer to this diverse set of users as an online extremist community or OEC. We present Iterative Vertex Clustering and Classification (IVCC), a scalable analytic approach for OEC detection in annotated heterogeneous networks, and provide an illustrative case study of an online community of over 22,000 Twitter users whose online behavior directly advocates support for ISIS or contibutes to the group’s propaganda dissemination through retweets.
The Economics of Knowledge, Innovation and Systemic Technology Policy

* Knowledge, innovation and the different dimensions of systemic technology policy 2. On the co-evolution of innovation and demand: some policy implications 3. The competent demand pull hypothesis 4. Market-Based Demand-Driven Innovation: Seven Key Principles & Illustrative Case Studies 5. Characterizing the evolution of the EU R&D intensity gap using data from top R&D performers 6. Good governance, firm performance, and policy recommendations: Is the shareholder value counter-revolution obsolete? 7. The geography of inter-firm knowledge spillovers in bio-tech 8. Social capital and the innovative performance of Italian provinces 9. The ontology of complexity and implications for innovation policy 10. The multi-dimensional additionality of innovation policies. A multi-level application to Italy and Spain 11. Innovation policies as engines of economic growth: Standard lessons and systemic insights for Bulgaria 12. The emergence of wind energy in Spain: a review of the policy mix 13. The role of environmental policy for eco-innovation: Theoretical background and empirical results for different countries ok 14. Innovation Policy for Knowledge Production and R&D: The Investment Portfolio Approach 15. Conclusions and Policy Implications
Leveraging the relationship: knowledge processes in school–university research networks of master’s programmes

This study investigated the way developing, sharing and using of research-based knowledge occurred in the school–university research network of a master’s programme for in-service teachers in the Netherlands. Over a 10-month period, a combination of quantitative and qualitative network data was collected. Data were analysed at three network levels: school, pairs of master’s students and research supervisors, and individuals. Overall, results indicate that building knowledge productive relationships in a master’s programme is a complex endeavour. Although individual master’s students and research supervisors aimed for continuing knowledge processes in school and university after student’s graduation, few actually did. The school context and the strategies of research supervisors provided students with too little support for sustaining the knowledge processes. This study shows from a network perspective the complexities, challenges and potential of developing partnership relationships in a master’s programme between schools and universities as well as between master’s students and research supervisors.
New developments in the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system plays a central role in control of cell surface proteolysis and extracellular matrix degradation. Components of this system are upregulated in a wide variety of human cancers and high levels of these proteins predict more rapid relapse and shorter survival. Recently, additional complexities in this system have been recognised, especially with regard to the roles of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the urokinase receptor (uPAR) and urokinase:uPAR complexes. PAI-1 has been shown to play a major role in the process of pathological angiogenesis. The uPAR is involved as a key player both in proteolysis and cellular adhesion, where it is both an adhesion receptor itself for vitronectin and interacts with and modifies signalling from integrins. In addition, binding of uPA to the receptor can induce intracellular signalling via a number of different pathways, including integrins and G proteins. These new developments lead to a number of novel targets for drug discovery beyond better established enzyme inhibitors and receptor antagonists.
Women Mini-Farmers in the South African Tea Industry

Research on two South African tea estates provides information on the socio‐economic circumstances of contract pluckers, most of whom are women. The scheme under which these women are employed is considered with regard to corporate policy and to patriarchy. Developmental potential is perceived under prevailing tenurial arrangements, subject to certain conditions. Ultimately, the estates should be adapted to the labour‐supplying communities rather than the communities to the estates.
Education Subsidies, Social Security and Growth: The Implications of a Demographic Shock

We develop a three-period overlapping-generations model in which individual decisions about education are the engine of growth. In this setting, we investigate the normative role of education subsidies and old age pensions. Calibrating this model on empirical data, it is shown that the case for positive pension benefits is rather weak on the optimal path. An important part of education subsidies should be financed by lump-sum taxes on retirees. We also examine how these transfers should be adjusted in the presence of a baby boom-baby bust demographic shock. It turns out that an appropriate policy could be to increase education when the baby-boom generation is at work. Labor productivity will then be higher when aging peaks so that the pension bill can be financed without reducing welfare for the baby-bust generations.