Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasmodium falciparum Infection Status among Children with Schistosoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background It has been suggested that Schistosoma infection may be associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection or related reduction in haemoglobin level, but the nature of this interaction remains unclear. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the relationship of S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection with the occurrence of P. falciparum malaria, Plasmodium density and related reduction in haemoglobin level among children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methodology/Principal findings A systematic review in according with PRISMA guidelines was conducted. All published articles available in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and CINAHL databases before May 20, 2015 were searched without any limits. Two reviewers independently screened, reviewed and assessed all the studies. Cochrane Q and Moran’s I2 were used to assess heterogeneity and the Egger test was used to examine publication bias. The summary odds ratio (OR), summary regression co-efficient (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random-effects model. Out of 2,920 citations screened, 12 articles (five cross-sectional, seven prospective cohort) were eligible to be included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. The 12 studies involved 9,337 children in eight SSA countries. Eight studies compared the odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection, two studies compared the incidence of uncomplicated P. falciparum infection, six studies compared P. falciparum density and four studies compared mean haemoglobin level between children infected and uninfected with S. haematobium or S. mansoni. Summary estimates of the eight studies based on 6,018 children showed a higher odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection in children infected with S. mansoni or S. haematobium compared to those uninfected with Schistosoma (summary OR: 1.82; 95%CI: 1.41, 2.35; I2: 52.3%). The increase in odds of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection among children infected with Schistosoma remained significant when subgroup analysis was conducted for S. haematobium (summary OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.18, 2.41; I2: 53.2%) and S. mansoni (summary OR: 2.15; 95%CI: 1.89, 2.46: I2: 0.0%) infection. However, the density of P. falciparum infection was lower in children co-infected with S. haematobium compared to those uninfected with Schistosoma (summary-β: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.01; I2: 39.7%). The mean haemoglobin level was higher among children co-infected with S. haematobium and P. falciparum than those infected with only P. falciparum (summary-mean haemoglobin difference: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.95; I2: 66.4%) Conclusions/Significance The current review suggests S. mansoni or S. haematobium co-infection may be associated with increased prevalence of asymptomatic/uncomplicated P. falciparum infection in children, but may protect against high density P. falciparum infection and related reduction in haemoglobin level.
Voice of Quran and health: A review of performed studies in Iran

Introduction: The human nature has an inner tendency toward harmony and rhythm and enjoys order and coordination. The Holy Quran has an eloquent expression, a fluent style and an enchanting song that affects the audience. During the past two decades, research in the area of Quran lilt and medical science in Iran has been seriously followed. The present study has been conducted aiming at investigating and analyzing the studies undertaken in relation with the Holy Quran lilt and the health domain in Iran. Conclusion: The valuable results of the influence of Quran lilt especially in the area of mental health are obvious and clear. Physicians, nurses and sociologists, beside the psychological and medication methods, can use the inspiring words of revelation to reduce their patients' problems and ask clients to have religious behaviors such as Quran reading in their life schedule to reduce their stress and worries.
Filtering of takagi-sugeno fuzzy switched system with application to sensor fault detection

The filtering problem for T-S fuzzy switched stochastic system is investigated in this paper. The aim is to construct a fault detection technique for the T-S fuzzy switched system. Based on observer-based fault detection fuzzy filter as a residual generator, the proposed fault detection is formulated as a fuzzy filtering problem. Then, the fault detection filters are designed that guarantee the resulted error system to be mean-square exponential stable with a weighted system error performance. Finally, the corresponding solvability condition for the fault detection fuzzy filter is also established by the linearization procedure technique.
Variable Morphology of the Hyoid Bone in Anatolian Population : Clinical Implications-A Cadaveric Study

The variations of the hyoid bone has a great significance for surgical procedures of neck region, and in forensic medicine for evidence of strangulation or hanging, which causes fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphol ogical and morphometrical variations of the hyoid bone in Anatolian population. A total of 60 adult larynx specimens (46 male, 14 fema le) were dissected to identify morphological and morphometrical variations of hyoid. The infrahyoid muscles and thyrohyoid membrane were cut and ligamentous structures of bone were removed. The variations of shape of the hyoid were classified into six types: A (U-shap ed) hyoid bone observed in 31.7 % (19 bones), a horseshoe-H-type in 10 % (6 bones), a B-type hyoid in 31.7 % (19 bones), a D-type hyoid i n % 15 (9 bones), a V-type bone in % 5 (3 bones) and HK-type bone in 6.7 % (4 bones) of all necks. The breadth, width and major transv erse axis were approximately measured as 40.4 mm, 28.4 mm and 33.5 mm, repectively. It has been found that the hyoid bones of Anatolian population had morphologically important differences than in other populations.To understand the anatomical variations and meas urements of this bone is of valuable importance with regard to clinical practice and forensic medicine.
Skrócona wersja Skali Postaw Wobec Pieniędzy SPP-25. Dobór pozycji i walidacja narzędzia

Money Attitude Questionnaire is an original, Polish scale measuring cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of attitudes towards money. Because of its considerable length, in this paper I present a new, short version of this scale. The items were selected on the basis of factor loading and discrimination coefficients, based on the data obtained from an adult sample (N = 1447). Internal validity of the short scale was established with confirmatory factor analyses conducted on two representative samples. The comparison between original and short MAQ scales demonstrated that the short version revealed psychometric characteristics and correlation with other scales similar to full version. Moreover, using short scale to measure money attitudes as moderator in experimental study led to better results than using full scale. To conclude, short MAQ scale seems to be a useful tool to measure individual differences revealing money attitudes, and might be a useful tool for future research on social and economic behavior.
The hemorrhagic syndrome of acute ionizing radiation illness produced in goats and swine by exposure to the atomic bomb at Bikini, 1946.

1. The hemorrhagic syndrome of acute radiation illness in goats and swine has been described. This syndrome is predominantly a result of a combination of "increased vascular fragility" and thrombopenia. Infrequently, a blood coagulalation defect characterized by a prolonged clotting time due to a circulating anticoagulant with heparin-like properties appears, thus confirming under some conditions in goats and swine the work of Allen on "heparinemia" in irradiated dogs. 2. The prolonged blood coagulation time appeared only in fatally irradiated goats and swine. 3. Evidence was presented suggesting that serum fibrinolysins may have been activated. 4. It is concluded on the basis of this work and that of others that a hemorrhagic syndrome can develop in irradiated dogs, goats, swine, rats, chickens and guinea pigs without the appearance of a prolonged clotting time and without a detectible "heparinemia. " The biologically most universal phenomena observed in the hemorrhagic syndrome of radiation illness appear to be: (a) increased vascular fragility, (b) thrombopenia, and (c) ulcerations. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author is highly indebted to Captain R. H. Draeger, MC, USN, officer in charge; Captain Shields Warren, MC, USNR, executive officer; Commander, John L. Tullis, MC, USN, pathologist, Naval Medical Research Section Operation Crossroads for guidance and assistance in all phases of this work, and to Dr. George V. LeRoy for having kindly edited this paper and given valuable suggestions.
How ethnic media producers constitute their communities of practice: An ecological approach 1

Almost 60 million Americans regularly get their news and other information from ethnically targeted television, radio, newspapers, and websites (Allen, 2009). However, there is little research on ethnic media producers. Data collected in group discussions with media producers serving a variety of immigrant populations in Los Angeles were analyzed to investigate how they negotiate and develop their professional identities.Husband’s (2005) work on ethnic media newsrooms as communities of practice provided an explanatory framework for how respondents managed professional constraints resulting from their managers’ priorities and limited institutional resources. Moreover, though, we found that respondents were deeply influenced by ecological forces beyond their workplaces – specifically, by their encounters with mainstream media producers and organizations, mainstream society institutions, and the ethnic communities they serve. How respondents negotiated challenges to their professional identities sheds light on changes in the US media landscape and civil society.
Comparison of plastic and metallic single-use and metallic reusable laryngoscope blades: A randomised controlled trial

CONTEXT Plastic single-use laryngoscope blades have been found to increase the difficulty of intubation. Metallic single-use blades may represent an alternative. OBJECTIVE To compare the rates of intubation failure at first laryngoscopy using metallic single-use, plastic single-use and metallic reusable laryngoscope blades. DESIGN Randomised, superiority, single-centre, controlled trial. SETTING Operating theatres at a University Hospital from January 2008 to August 2009. PATIENTS A total of 1863 adults requiring general anaesthesia. INTERVENTION Patients were randomised to one of three laryngoscope blades: metallic single-use, plastic single-use or metallic reusable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary end-point was the number of intubation failures at first laryngoscopy. Secondary end-points were glottic exposure and the Intubation Difficulty Scale. RESULTS The failure rate (absolute difference: 95% confidence interval) at the first attempt was greater for the plastic single-use blades (8.1%) than for the metallic reusable [3.2% (4.9%: 2.2 to 7.6%); P < 0.001] and metallic reusable blades [4.0% (4.0%: 1.2 to 6.9%); P < 0.006]. No difference was found between the metallic reusable and metallic single-use groups (0.9%: −1.3 to 3.1%). Scoring on the Intubation Difficulty Scale [median (interquartile range)] was higher in the plastic single-use group [1 (0 to 2)] than in the metallic groups [metallic reusable: 0 (0 to 1); P < 0.001 and metallic single-use: 0 (0 to 1); P < 0.007] groups. Glottic exposure was significantly better in the metallic reusable group (modified Cormack & Lehane score III and IV: 3.7%) compared with the plastic single-use group (modified Cormack & Lehane score III and IV: 9.4%; P < 0.03). CONCLUSION The rates of failed intubation at first laryngoscopy were similar in the metallic reusable and metallic reusable groups, but greater in the plastic single-use group. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov; NCT00876967.
Telling Tales: Online Comic and Gripe Story‐Sharing by Service Workers About Difficult Customers

The article extends previous research on the storying practices of service workers, workplace humour as resistance, and workers’ autonomous use of social media. Discussion strings from two hairstylist forum storylines, exemplifying comic and tragic story‐sharing about difficult customers, were analysed using Gabriel's notion of story‐work. Processes of coping, entertainment, identity‐construction and learning are clearly evident in the discussion strings and social media is confirmed as a ‘new’ terrain for the enactment of employee agency. Findings emphasize that service workers are engaged in contradictory and ambiguous relations of resistance and accommodation as they learn how to deal with difficult customers. The article's contribution is to show how service workers share their fears and anxieties about difficult customers through storying and humour in generative dialogical poietic processes in social media. Further research is suggested.
A Novel Flit Serialization Strategy to Utilize Partially Faulty Links in Networks-on-Chip

Aggressive MOS transistor size scaling substantially increase the probability of faults in NoC links due to manufacturing defects, process variations, and chip wire-out effects. Strategies have been proposed to tolerate faulty wires by replacing them with spare ones or by partially using the defective links. However, these strategies either suffer from high area and power overheads, or significantly increase the average network latency. In this paper, we propose a novel flit serialization method, which divides the links and flits into several sections, and serializes flit sections of adjacent flits to transmit them on all available fault-free link sections to avoid the complete waste of defective links bandwidth. Experimental results indicate that our method reduces the latency overhead significantly and enables graceful performance degradation, when compared with related partially faulty link usage proposals, and saves area and power overheads by up to 29% and 43.1%, respectively, when compared with spare wire replacement methods.
International trade law, plain packaging and tobacco industry political activity: the Trans-Pacific Partnership

Tobacco companies are increasingly turning to trade and investment agreements to challenge measures aimed at reducing tobacco use. This study examines their efforts to influence the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a major trade and investment agreement which may eventually cover 40% of the world's population; focusing on how these efforts might enhance the industry's power to challenge the introduction of plain packaging. Specifically, the paper discusses the implications for public health regulation of Philip Morris International's interest in using the TPP to: shape the bureaucratic structures and decision-making processes of business regulation at the national level; introduce a higher standard of protection for trademarks than is currently provided under the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights; and expand the coverage of Investor-State Dispute Settlement which empowers corporations to litigate directly against governments where they are deemed to be in breach of investment agreements. The large number of countries involved in the TPP underlines its risk to the development of tobacco regulation globally. The full article is published online only. To view please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050869)
MRI of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to describe the MRI findings of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast and to compare those findings with underlying histopathologic features. CONCLUSION Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast shows high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI. This finding is related to the necrotic component of the tumor and may be useful for preoperative diagnosis of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, although it must be differentiated from mucinous carcinoma and, less frequently, necrotic infiltrating ductal carcinoma.
When men do women's work: structural adjustment, unemployment and changing gender relations in the informal economy of Accra, Ghana

ABSTRACT Economic crisis and structural adjustment in Ghana have put large numbers of formal sector employees and civil servants out of work. This informalisation process has gendered consequences. Unemployed people, rural–urban migrants and school-leavers of both genders seek employment in the urban informal economy, and increasingly take up ‘female’ occupations – particularly in retail trade. Overcrowding in women's economic domains thus occurs. This study examines the livelihood strategies of informally employed men and women in Accra. It is argued that gender ideologies regarding appropriate occupations for women and men are continuously adapted in response to a changing political economy. Thus, even if female traders face competition, declining returns and a heavier dependency burden, frustration with government policies failing to create decent jobs (for men) is more prevalent than gender antagonism and ridicule of those who find gender-atypical ways of eking out a living.
Reliability and Construct Validity of Psychopathy Checklist

Although recent studies have demonstrated the utility of assessing psychopathic traits in adolescent males, there is substantially less evidence on the utility of assessing psychopathic traits in adolescent females. This study investigated the reliability and construct validity of the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PLC:YV) among a sample of 80 incarcerated adolescent females. Reliability analyses indicated high interrater agreement and internal consistency for PCL:YV scores. Consistent with research on adults and adolescent male offenders, psychopathic traits were associated with a greater number of conduct disorder and alcohol dependence symptoms, earlier onset of criminal behavior, a propensity toward institutional violence, and interpersonal behaviors associated with psychopathy. Consistent with some prior studies of youth, there were no negative relationships between PCL:YV scores and internalizing disorder diagnoses and some positive associations between psychopathy ratings and negative affectivity. Results suggest that assessing psychopathic traits in adolescent females provides meaningful information regarding criminal behavior, patterns, and personality traits in youth.
The Family and Communication Dynamics of Group Salience

Group salience is a key variable both in influencing quality of intergroup contact and in moderating the effects of intergroup contact on prejudicial attitudes. Two studies uncovered the communicative dimensions associated with evaluations of age salience in the grandparent-grandchild relationship, and we investigated the extent to which communication dimensions predicted various measures of salience, relational closeness, and attitudes concerning aging. Communication phenomena that were positively correlated with measures of age salience were negatively related to relational closeness. Only 1 communication measure (grandparents talking about the past) moderated the relationship between quality of contact with grandparent and attitudes toward older people. Specific communicative dimensions emerged that warrant further investigation in this and other intergroup contexts.
Ethics, Gender, and Ethnicity in Single-Case Research and Evaluation

Social work practitioners and students are now being encouraged to do single-case research or at least, to evaluate their practice outcomes objectively. Ethical issues in both endeavors, including issues related to clients' gender and ethnicity, need more attention than they have been given. This article explores a number of ethical issues in single-case research and evaluation, with special attention to possible gender and ethnic bias in selecting clients or target problems to monitor. Guidelines for reducing bias, seeking informed client consent, and use of human subjects review are proposed.
Fault-tolerant controllers in adjacent wireless networked control systems using 802.11

Wireless Networked Control Systems is an interesting research field for industrial automation applications. A workcell model based on the 802.11 standard as a communication protocol for Wireless Networked Control Systems is presented in this paper. The standard protocol is investigated without modifications. Fault-Tolerance at the controller level of neighboring workcells is studied. When adjacent controllers are interconnected, the amount of control data traffic is increased since each sensor sends its real-time information to all controllers. Also, watchdog messages between these controllers must be continuously propagated to ensure that all controllers have complete knowledge of the status of neighboring ones. In this research, a fault-tolerant model of two adjacent workcells is proposed and simulated using OPNET. Interfering noise considerations are also investigated. Fault-free and fault-tolerant results are presented and compared to previous works, showing correct performance within specified network requirements. All results are based on a 95% confidence analysis.
Detection of interest flooding attacks in Named Data Networking using hypothesis testing

With the rapid growth of Internet traffic, new emerging network architectures are under deployment. Those architectures will substitute the current IP/TCP network only if they can ensure better security. Currently, the most advanced proposal for future Internet architecture is Named Data Networking (NDN). However, new computer network architectures bring new types of attacks. This paper focuses on the detection against Interest flooding - one of the most threatening attacks in NDN. The statistical detection is studied within the framework of hypothesis testing. First, we address the case in which all traffic parameters are known. In this context, the optimal test is designed and its statistical performance is given. This allows providing an upper bound on the highest detection accuracy one can expect. Then, a linear parametric model is proposed to estimate unknown parameters and to design a practical test for which the statistical performance is also provided. Numerical results show the relevance of the proposed methodology.
Family process and adaptation to children with mental retardation : Disruption and resilience in family problem-solving interactions

Family problem-solving interactions were examined in families (TV = 165) of school-aged children with mild or moderate mental retardation (MR) and a comparison sample (AT = 52). The results demonstrated a disruptive impact of children with MR in the form of more directiveness by mothers and fathers, less supportive problem solving by single mothers, and less active problem solving by the target children in the MR group. Nevertheless, the absence of high rates of aversive behaviors in the MR group and the similarities in siblings' behaviors across the groups suggested that the MR families were also resilient in the face of special demands. Role differences among mothers, fathers, and siblings also were highly consistent in the two groups. Evidence of difficulties for single mothers and problem behaviors by other children in the family suggested that mental retardation is one of many challenges that families learn to cope with successfully. Theorists concur that the presence of a child with mental retardation in a family can have pervasive effects on all other family members