Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photosynthetic Activity in the Flower Buds of ;Valencia' Orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck).

Flower buds of ;Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) were able to fix (14)CO(2) into a number of compounds in their own tissues under both light and dark conditions. The total incorporation, however, was about 4-fold higher in the light than in the dark. In the light, 50% of the total (14)C label was found in the neutral fraction (sugars), 22% in the basic fraction (amino acids), and 26% in the acid-1 fraction (organic acids). In the dark, about 95% of the (14)C label was incorporated into the basic and acid-1 fractions. Activities of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (expressed in micromoles CO(2) per milligram protein per hour) averaged 1.95 and 8.87 for the flower buds, and 28.5 and 3.6 for the leaves, respectively. The ability of orange flower buds to fix ambient CO(2) into different compounds suggests that this CO(2) assimilation may have some regulatory role during the early reproductive stages in determining citrus fruit initiation and setting.
Role-Based Models of Advertising Creation and Production

Abstract Although researchers have frequently examined advertising production from various functional perspectives, they have largely ignored its collaborative and processual aspects. Centered in the “production of culture” perspective, this paper compares six role-based models of the advertising production process. Propositions arising from these models deal with (1) the subjectivity of participants' perspectives, (2) the determinants of perceived authorship of the advertisement, and (3) inherent processual conflicts due to the varied personal utilities of the produced advertisement. Discussion focuses upon how these issues may influence the content and structure of the advertising message.
A Neural-Network Compensator with Fuzzy Robusti cation Terms for Improved Design of Adaptive Control of Robot Manipulators

A sum radial-basis-function neural-network (NN) compensator with computed-torque control and novel weight-tuning algorithms is proposed to improve tracking performance and to account for structured/unstructured uncertainties of robot manipulators. The proposed weight-tuning algorithms do not require the initial NN weights to be small. The bounds of NN weights are guaranteed to be convergent in the sense of Lyapunov. The e ectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using a laboratory robot manipulator. Key-Words: neural netowrk, fuzzy, adaptive control, robot manipulator
Men and women small business owners in Israel

Purpose – Few studies address the gender of small business owners (SBO) and those that do report inconsistent results. These inconsistencies are related to a controversy regarding gender differences in management: Are men and women managers similar or different and why? Four theories address this question: evolutionary, psychoanalytic, social role, and social construction. The purpose of the paper is to test the contradictory predictions derived from these four theories in the case of men and women SBO in Israel.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 101 Israeli SBO responded to a specially designed questionnaire.Findings – All four theories received some support. The findings that men SBO described themselves as more motivated by status and were more concerned with competition support evolutionary theory. The findings that the most SBO were first born and had fathers who were business owners support psychoanalytic theory. The findings that more women SBO did not serve in the army whereas more men were.
Knowing What You Cannot Recognise: Further Evidence for Intact Metacognition in Alzheimer's Disease

Previous research has examined whether Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients can proficiently monitor their memory processing. In the present study we extended the scope of this research to consider confidence in recognition in an episodic memory task, using a forced-choice recognition paradigm to avoid floor effects. AD patients and age-matched controls studied 32 words, followed immediately by a recognition test requiring participants to select the target from pairs of items. Participants rated confidence in their choice on a 3-point scale. Despite significantly poorer memory performance and less confidence overall, gamma correlations indicated that the AD group accurately assigned confidence judgements to their responses. This adds support to the claim that metacognitive monitoring remains intact in AD.
LPM for Fast Action Recognition with Large Number of Classes

In this paper, we provide an overview of the Local Part Model system for the THUMOS 2013: Action Recognition with a Large Number of Classes1 evaluations. Our system uses a combination of fast random sampling feature extraction and local part model feature representation. Over the last decade, the advances in the area of computer vision and pattern recognition have fuelled a large amount of research with great progress in human action recognition. Much of the early progress [1, 5, 14] has been reported on atomic actions with several categories based on staged videos captured under controlled settings, such as KTH [14] and Weizmann [1]. More recently, there are emerging interests for sophisticated algorithms in recognizing actions from realistic video. Such interests involve two prospects: 1) In comparison to image classification evaluating millions of images with over one thousand categories, action recognition is still at its initial stage. It is important to develop reliable, automatic methods which scale to large numbers of action categories captured in realistic settings. 2) With over 100 hours of videos are uploaded to YouTube every minute2, and millions of surveillance cameras all over the world, the need for efficient recognition of the visual events in the video is crucial for real world applications. Recent studies [5, 10, 11, 21] have shown that local spatio-temporal features can achieve remarkable performance when represented by popular bag-of-features method. A recent trend is the use of dense sampled points [16, 21] and trajectories [7, 19] to improve the performance. Local Part Model [15] achieved state-of-the-art performance on real-life datasets with high efficiency when combined with random sampling over high density sam-
Clinical audit and the purchaser-provider interaction: different attitudes and expectations in the United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVES--To explore and describe the views on clinical audit of healthcare purchasers and providers, and in particular the interaction between them, and hence to help the future development of an appropriate interaction between purchasers and providers. DESIGN-- Semistructured interviews. SETTING--Four purchaser and provider pairings in the former Northern Region of the National Health Service (NHS) in England. SUBJECTS--Chief executives, contracts managers, quality and audit leaders, directors of public health, consultants, general practitioners, audit support staff, and practice managers (total 42). MAIN MEASURES--Attitudes on the present state and future development of clinical audit. RESULTS--Purchasers and providers shared common views on the purpose of clinical audit, but there were important differences in their views on the level and appropriateness of involvement of health care purchasers, integration with present NHS structures and processes (including contracting and the internal market), priority setting for clinical audit, the effects of clinical audit on service development and purchasing, change in behaviour, and the sharing of information on the outcomes of clinical audit. CONCLUSIONS--There are important differences in attitudes towards, and expectations of, clinical audit between health care purchasers and providers, at least in part due to the limited contact between them on audit to date. The nature of the relation and dialogue between purchasers and providers will be critical in determining whether clinical audit meets the differing aspirations of both groups, while achieving the ultimate goal of improving the quality of patient care.
Activity of fulvestrant in HER 2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer

Activity of fulvestrant in HER2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer J. F. R. Robertson*, G. G. Steger, P. Neven, S. Barni, F. Gieseking, F. Nolè, K. I. Pritchard, F. P. O’Malley, S. D. Simon, B. Kaufman & L. Petruzelka Professorial Unit of Surgery, Division of Breast Surgery, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK; Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Medical Oncology, Treviglio Hospital, Treviglio, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy; Faculty of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Clinical Oncology, Albert Einstein Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel and Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Public Sector Value Congruence Among Old and New EU Member-States?: Empirical Evidence from the Netherlands, Denmark, and Estonia

What is the state of public service values in EU countries that have experienced similar yet far from identical administrative reforms? This article compares the findings of empirical studies on public sector values in three EU countries: the Netherlands, one of the founders of the EU and a member since 1951; Denmark, a member since 1973; and Estonia, a very new member that joined the EU in 2004 together with several other former Soviet countries. There are many similarities, as well as a number of interesting differences, among the three countries. In general, their public sector value orientations are in keeping with the values for public organizations in EU memberstates prescribed in the Sigma project, which supports prospective members.
F-Formation Detection: Individuating Free-Standing Conversational Groups in Images

Detection of groups of interacting people is a very interesting and useful task in many modern technologies, with application fields spanning from video-surveillance to social robotics. In this paper we first furnish a rigorous definition of group considering the background of the social sciences: this allows us to specify many kinds of group, so far neglected in the Computer Vision literature. On top of this taxonomy we present a detailed state of the art on the group detection algorithms. Then, as a main contribution, we present a brand new method for the automatic detection of groups in still images, which is based on a graph-cuts framework for clustering individuals; in particular, we are able to codify in a computational sense the sociological definition of F-formation, that is very useful to encode a group having only proxemic information: position and orientation of people. We call the proposed method Graph-Cuts for F-formation (GCFF). We show how GCFF definitely outperforms all the state of the art methods in terms of different accuracy measures (some of them are brand new), demonstrating also a strong robustness to noise and versatility in recognizing groups of various cardinality.
The importance of being present

In-depth interviews and survey evidence from French and Belgian party members are used to show that the presence of posters in elections is primarily intended to signal the strength of the party’s campaign. Consistent with parties’ optimal strategies, only major parties use the presence of posters to signal their power. Minor parties use them to inform the public. The findings shed light on previously unexplored elite behaviour in comparative settings and provide additional evidence of the importance of neighbourhood visual cues in elections.
Awareness and preference for functional foods: the perspective of older Italian consumers

The literature has identified several factors that specifically influence how older consumers view and consume functional foods (FFs), including the perceived need for the product and perceived health benefit. Health claims (HCs), symbols and logos on FF labels can thus play a central role in enhancing product attractiveness and perception of health benefits. Nevertheless, few studies have examined how elderly consumers perceive non-verbal communication (such as symbols) associated with health-related information on FFs. Research undertaken on 400 Italian consumers aged over 60 revealed that HCs on FF influence older consumers' perceptions of the healthiness of products. However, respondents also stated that they had difficulties reading and interpreting HCs and nutritional information on food labels. The findings highlight the existence of significant barriers to FF acceptance and use by older consumers, namely price sensitivity, availability and general scepticism on the reliability of the information provided by food manufacturers.
Interaction of Inflammation and Hyperoxia in a Rat Model of Neonatal White Matter Damage

Intrauterine infection and inflammation are major reasons for preterm birth. The switch from placenta-mediated to lung-mediated oxygen supply during birth is associated with a sudden rise of tissue oxygen tension that amounts to relative hyperoxia in preterm infants. Both infection/inflammation and hyperoxia have been shown to be involved in brain injury of preterm infants. Hypothesizing that they might be additive or synergistic, we investigated the influence of a systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) application on hyperoxia-induced white matter damage (WMD) in newborn rats. Three-day-old Wistar rat pups received 0.25 mg/kg LPS i.p. and were subjected to 80% oxygen on P6 for 24 h. The extent of WMD was assessed by immunohistochemistry, western blots, and diffusion tensor (DT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the effects of LPS and hyperoxia were studied in an in vitro co-culture system of primary rat oligodendrocytes and microglia cells. Both noxious stimuli, hyperoxia, and LPS caused hypomyelination as revealed by western blot, immunohistochemistry, and altered WM microstructure on DT-MRI. Even so, cellular changes resulting in hypomyelination seem to be different. While hyperoxia induces cell death, LPS induces oligodendrocyte maturity arrest without cell death as revealed by TUNEL-staining and immunohistological maturation analysis. In the two-hit scenario cell death is reduced compared with hyperoxia treated animals, nevertheless white matter alterations persist. Concordantly with these in vivo findings we demonstrate that LPS pre-incubation reduced premyelinating-oligodendrocyte susceptibility towards hyperoxia in vitro. This protective effect might be caused by upregulation of interleukin-10 and superoxide dismutase expression after LPS stimulation. Reduced expression of transcription factors controlling oligodendrocyte development and maturation further indicates oligodendrocyte maturity arrest. The knowledge about mechanisms that triggered hypomyelination contributes to a better understanding of WMD in premature born infants.
Strategic Management of Multi-Year Natural Gas Contracts in Electricity Markets

Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants show some advantages, such as better economies of scale, or lower CO2 emission rates, in comparison to other technologies. In addition, due to their flexible operation, CCGT plants are a useful support for the integration of the growing renewable energy installed capacity. Consequently, during the last years, CCGT plants have proliferated in electricity systems, increasing the global demand of natural gas (NG). In order to guarantee the NG supply and to hedge the price volatility, electricity generation companies (Gencos) sign supply contracts with NG producers. Typically, NG producers force long-term contracts in order to recover their huge capital investments. Therefore, Gencos should optimize the exercise of the supply contracts in the long-term scope in order to maximize their profits in the electricity market. However, the optimal exercise of the supply contracts on behalf of the Gencos could be impeded because of possible bottlenecks in the NG system. Accordingly, this paper proposes a methodology to incorporate both the characteristics of NG supply contracts and the congestions in the NG system in an electricity market model that could support the decision-making process on behalf of the Gencos. A study case illustrates the methodology.
Enhanced Production of Surfactin from Bacillus subtilis by Continuous Product Removal and Metal Cation Additions

The lipopeptide, surfactin, is produced by Bacillus subtilis. A study has been made on large-scale production of this surfactant. A good yield was obtained from a glucose substrate fermentation by continuously removing the product by foam fractionation. The surfactin could be easily recovered from the collapsed foam by acid precipitation. The yield was also improved by the addition of either iron or manganese salts. Hydrocarbon addition to the medium, which normally increases biosurfactant production, completely inhibited surfactin production by B. subtilis.
Audiotext and the Re-Invention of the Telephone as a Mass Medium

The telephone has a long history as a communication medium, but until recently played only a minor role in the electronic media environment. That was before 800 and 900 numbers became available. This study found support for the proposition that people adopt information technologies functionally similar to services they use already. People who use teller machines, for example, are willing to share personal codes; they are also willing to use certain telephone services. There is evidence found for what Everett Rogers and his colleagues call an innovation cluster in how people use audiotext services.
The Social Genesis of Self-Regulation: The Case of Two Korean Adolescents Learning English as a Second Language

From a sociocultural perspective the concept of self-regulation is associated to voluntary control over higher and culturally organized mental functions such as, for example, focusing attention, planning a course of action, solving a problem, or deliberately remembering something. Thus, the ability to self-regulate is highly related to school success. The present article examines the ways by which two newly arrived immigrant Korean students, learning English as a second language while enrolled in a middle school in the United States, made use of old and new systems of signs (i.e., native and target languages) to (re)gain and maintain self-regulation in a new cultural and linguistic context. We conducted a microgenetic analysis of student–teacher and student–student interactions during two specific classroom writing practices that occurred regularly in the classroom. We found that the development (or activation) of self-regulation for the students was tightly intertwined with social and cultural contextual factors of the English-dominant classroom environment, which in turn afforded or constrained the use and acquisition of newly formed semiotic resources (e.g., hybrid sign systems) for the creation and expression of meaning.
Perfect fingerprint orientation fields by locally adaptive global models

Fingerprint recognition is widely used for verification and identification in many commercial, governmental and forensic applications. The orientation field (OF) plays an important role at various processing stages in fingerprint recognition systems. OFs are used for image enhancement, fingerprint alignment, for fingerprint liveness detection, fingerprint alteration detection and fingerprint matching. In this paper, a novel approach is presented to globally model an OF combined with locally adaptive methods. We show that this model adapts perfectly to the 'true OF' in the limit. This perfect OF is described by a small number of parameters with straightforward geometric interpretation. Applications are manifold: Quick expert marking of very poor quality (for instance latent) OFs, high fidelity low parameter OF compression and a direct road to ground truth OFs markings for large databases, say. In this contribution we describe an algorithm to perfectly estimate OF parameters automatically or semi-automatically, depending on image quality, and we establish the main underlying claim of high fidelity low parameter OF compression.
THE ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC CONSUMPTION WITHIN THE TERTIARY HEALTHCARE INSTITUTION IN SERBIA DURING 10-YEAR PERIOD (2001-2010)

Objective: To present conclusions related to the antibiotic drug consumption in one tertiary healthcare institution in Serbia in a 10-year period (2001-2010). Methods: It has been analyzed the issue of antibiotics for prevention and treatment of patients hospitalized at the Military Medical Academy between 2001 and 2010. Antibiotic consumption was expressed as a number of Defined Daily Doses per 100 bed-days (DDD/100BD). Results: Total antibiotic consumption ranged from 49.6 DDD/100BD in 2001 up to 60.4 DDD/100BD in 2005. The leading group of antibiotic was third-generation cephalosporins which accounted for 15.1 DDD/100BD of its maximum consumption in 2007. Ceftriaxone was the most frequently used. Conclusion: Analysis of antibiotic consumption, and multidisciplinary approach, has a crucial importance for further survey of protocols compliance concerning the antibiotic consumption in one hospital. Keywords: Antibiotics, Hospital consumption, ATC, DDD, Bacterial resistance.
Music cognition in early infancy: infants’ preferences and long-term memory for Ravel

Listening preferences for two pieces, Prelude and Forlane from Le tombeau de Couperin by Maurice Ravel (1875-1937), were assessed in two experiments conducted with 8-month-old infants, using the Headturn Preference Procedure (HPP). Experiment 1 showed that infants, who have never heard the pieces, could clearly make a distinction between the Prelude and Forlane when the latter are played in multiple (i.e. orchestral) but not single (i.e. piano) timbres. In Experiment 2 infants were exposed repeatedly to one of the two piano pieces over a 10-day period. Concurrent with previous studies, results suggested that babies can recognize a familiar piece after a 2-week delay. Implications for early childhood music education are outlined at the end of the article.