Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Docking and Aberration-Corrected STEM of Palladium Nanoparticles on Viral Templates

Viral templates are highly versatile biotemplates used for the synthesis of nanostructured materials. Rotavirus VP6 self-assembles into nanotubular hollow structures with well-defined diameters and variable lengths, serving as a nucleic acid-free biotemplate to synthesize metal nanoparticles of controlled size, shape, and orientation. Molecular docking simulations show that exposed residues (H173-S240-D242 and N200-N310) of VP6 have the ability to specifically bind Pd(II) ions, which serve as nucleation sites for the growth and stabilization of palladium nanoclusters. Using VP6 nanotubes as biotemplates allows for obtaining small Pd particles of 1–5 nm in diameter. Advanced electron microscopy imaging and characterization through ultra-high-resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (UHR-FE-SEM) and spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-STEM) at a low voltage dose (80 kV) reveals, with high spatial resolution, the structure of Pd nanoparticles attached to the macromolecular biotemplates.
Recreation in Different Forest Settings: A Scene Preference Study

Recreation activity preferences in forest settings were explored in a scene preference study. The importance of type of human intervention and the level of biodiversity for preference and intention to engage in recreation activities were examined in a sample of forestry and social science students in Sweden. Results showed that forestry students displayed an almost equally strong preference for natural-looking scenes as for scenes with traces of recreation (e.g., paths), whereas social science students preferred recreational scenes the most. Least preferred were scenes with traces of forest management. Different forest settings were furthermore preferred for different recreation activities. Recreational settings were favored for walking and going on outings, and natural-looking settings were more appreciated for picking berries or mushrooms. Respondents displayed a stronger intention to study plants and animals in high biodiversity settings and the intention to exercise was stronger in low biodiversity settings. Implications for future land use planning and forest management are discussed.
Synchronization of strongly pulse-coupled oscillators with refractory periods and random medium access

The weakly pulse-coupled oscillator framework has proven to be a valuable resource for the development of peer-to-peer synchronization algorithms [9]. But leveraging it in a practical implementation (e.g. in wireless ad hoc/sensor networks) is problematic due to the difficulty in achieving precise coordination of broadcast messages. We found that a pseudo-random medium access control (MAC) protocol produces a super-linear increase in the number of messages required per node with increasing network size, which would normally discourage its use. However, introducing a "refractory period" reduces this growth to linear with a small constant (verified by numerical simulations). Furthermore, the refractory period allows for an increase in the coupling constant, effectively making the network "strongly" pulse-coupled. We show that the combination of the refractory period, strong coupling, and probabilistic medium access results in a significant decrease in the average number of messages required per node in several practical network topologies (and as much as ~ 90% over the original idealistic mechanism in line topologies).
Influences of frequency and temperature on the fatigue behavior of plain-weave carbon/epoxy composite material with flaw subjected to partially-reversed cyclic loading

The objective of the present work is to study the fatigue behavior of a quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy plain weave composite subjected to a partially-reversed cyclic load. Each of the tested composite coupons (3 in x 12 in) contains an artificial Teflon flaw (0.5 in x 0.5 in) in order to determine the flaw growth threshold, or delamination onset. The coupons were tested under different thermal-dry and loading frequencies conditions at different load levels. In total, four testing conditions were set: 1) 2225°C-7 Hz (RTD7), 2) 82°C-7 Hz (ETD7), 3) 82°C-15 Hz (ETD15) and 4) 121°C-7 Hz (HTD7). Based on the experimental results, it was shown that increasing the temperature between RTD7, ETD7 and HTD7 conditions drastically reduced the delamination onset fatigue life of the coupon at a given stress level. Furthermore, the maximum allowable strain criteria for the delamination flaw growth threshold decreased as the operating temperature was increased between each condition. For the tested coupons at ETD condition, increasing the cyclic loading frequency from 7 Hz to 15 Hz enhanced the fatigue life at high stress levels and lowered the fatigue life at lower stress levels. A comparison was made with the results of similar tests from a previous research carried out in tension-tension (R = 0.1) fatigue loading [1, 2]. The present results showed significant decrease in fatigue life when compression mode was added during the fatigue cyclic loading.
Unusual presentation of ocular trauma in sickle cell trait

Sickle cell trait is usually considered as a benign condition. However under certain adverse circumstances, it can give rise to vaso-occlusive features as in sickle cell disease. We present here two cases, both involving healthy young males, who developed retinal vaso-occlusive features following blunt ocular trauma. There was a rapid progression of the retinopathy with the development of proliferative changes in both patients and also vitreous hemorrhage in one patient, within 2 months of the trauma. The development of retinopathy was independent of raised intraocular pressure. Both patients were found to have sickle cell trait.
Orientations of Self-complementary Graphs and the Relation of Sperner and Shannon Capacities

We prove that the edges of a self-complementary graph and its complement can be oriented in such a way that they remain isomorphic as digraphs and their union is a transitive tournament. This result is used to explore the relation between the Shannon and Sperner capacity of certain graphs. In particular, using results of Lovasz, we show that the maximum Sperner capacity over all orientations of the edges of a vertex-transitive self-complementary graph equals its Shannon capacity.
Improving privacy settings control in online social networks with a wheel interface

Online social networks (OSNs) have been built as platforms for information sharing, with their concomitant potential for misuse of information and unsafe sharing practices. The frontline of defense against such threats is the “privacy settings” controls provided by OSNs such as Facebook. However, the efficacy of these settings is often undermined by their poor design. The current design fatigues users with information overload and fails to provide them with a more integrative and global understanding of their information‐sharing practices. In this article, we develop a more efficacious design for the display of OSNs’ privacy settings by following recommendations for appropriate use of visualization techniques. The new “wheel” interface simplifies the presentation of privacy settings to reduce information overload. It also incorporates an additional layer of information, indicating the safety of users’ settings. A within‐subject experiment with 67 students suggests that this interface is more versatile than the current tabular interfaces typically used on OSNs. More important, it allows users to easily comprehend complex information and provides them with a more integrative, higher level understanding of their privacy settings. This research focuses on an important niche at the intersection of information representation, interface design, and OSN privacy.
IgG4‐related skin disease

IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a recently established clinical entity characterized by high levels of circulating IgG4, and tissue infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells. IgG4‐RD exhibits a distinctive fibroinflammatory change involving multiple organs, such as the pancreas and salivary and lacrimal glands. The skin lesions of IgG4‐RD have been poorly characterized and may stem not only from direct infiltration of plasma cells but also from IgG4‐mediated inflammation. Based on the documented cases together with ours, we categorized the skin lesions into seven subtypes: (1) cutaneous plasmacytosis (multiple papulonodules or indurations on the trunk and proximal part of the limbs), (2) pseudolymphoma and angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (plaques and papulonodules mainly on the periauricular, cheek and mandible regions), (3) Mikulicz disease (palpebral swelling, sicca syndrome and exophthalmos), (4) psoriasis‐like eruption (strikingly mimicking psoriasis vulgaris), (5) unspecified maculopapular or erythematous eruptions, (6) hypergammaglobulinaemic purpura (bilateral asymmetrical palpable purpuric lesions on the lower extremities) and urticarial vasculitis (prolonged urticarial lesions occasionally with purpura) and (7) ischaemic digit (Raynaud phenomenon and digital gangrene). It is considered that subtypes 1–3 are induced by direct infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells, while the other types (4–7) are caused by secondary mechanisms. IgG4‐related skin disease is defined as IgG4+ plasma‐cell‐infiltrating skin lesions that form plaques, nodules or tumours (types 1–3), but may manifest secondary lesions caused by IgG4+ plasma cells and/or IgG4 (types 4–7).
Secondary alveolar bone grafting in cleft of the lip and palate patients

Aim: The aim was to restore the function and form of both arches with a proper occlusal relationship and eruption of tooth in the cleft area. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients were selected irrespective of sex and socio-economic status and whose age was within the mixed dentition period. Iliac crest is grafted in cleft area and subsequently evaluated for graft success using study models, and periapical and occlusal radiographs. Results: At the time of evaluation teeth were erupted in the area and good alveolar bone levels were present. Premaxilla becomes immobile with a good arch form and arch continuity. There are no major complications in terms of pain, infection, paraesthesia, hematoma formation at donor site without difficulty in walking. There is no complication in terms of pain, infection, exposure of graft, rejection of graft, and wound dehiscence at the recipient site. Discussion: It is evident that secondary alveolar grafting during the mixed dentition period is more beneficial for patients at the donor site as well as the recipient site. Conclusion: Long-term follow-up is required to achieve maximum advantage of secondary alveolar grafting; the age of the patient should be within the mixed dentition period, irrespective of sex, socio-economic status. It may be unilateral or bilateral.
Application of PERALS™ alpha spectrometry and gamma spectrometry for analysis and investigation of environmental spills at ISL uranium mining projects

Radiation protection and environmental monitoring in mining requires effective and reliable radionuclide analysis at all stages of the mine project—prior to mining, during operation and through to remediation and decommissioning. The approach presented in this paper was specially developed for the monitoring of radioactive waste resulting from spills during mining and mineral processing operations and uses a combination of high resolution gamma spectrometry, and PERALS™ alpha spectrometry to identify and reliably quantify the activity of the major members of the U-238 decay chain at activities down to 10 mBq g−1 by direct radionuclide counting and by assessment of the activity of their decay products. This approach has reduced sample preparation and analysis time while providing effective analysis and quantification of naturally occurring radionuclides in environmental samples. It has been successfully applied to several in situ leach (ISL) mining-related projects involving investigations of process material spill impacts and also to routine environmental monitoring.
Models of Intimacy of Securely and Avoidantly Attached Young Adults: A Narrative Approach

Abstract This study compared models of intimacy implicit in the narratives of young adults (mean age, 25 years) with secure (n = 13) and avoidant (n = 13) attachment styles. Participants completed an open-ended interview in which they described past and present adult love relationships. Content analysis revealed that although secure and avoidant individuals expressed needs for both closeness and distance, the meaning they attached to these needs differed. Narratives of secure individuals were more likely to include themes of caring, idealization, and passion; in contrast, the narratives of avoidant individuals were more likely to contain themes of holding, self-validation, and calmness. Avoidant individuals implicitly endorse an “infant-mother” intimacy model, whereas secure individuals seem to hold a “two-adult” intimacy model.
A Method for Speed Optimized Partial Product Reduction and Generation of Fast Parallel Multipliers Using an Algorithmic Approach

This paper presents a method and an algorithm for generation of a parallel multiplier, which is optimized for speed. This method is applicable to any multiplier size and adaptable to any technology for which speed parameters are known. Most importantly, it is easy to incorporate this method in silicon compilation or logic synthesis tools. The parallel multiplier produced by the proposed method outperforms other schemes used for comparison in our experiment. It uses the minimal number of cells in the partial product reduction tree. These findings are tested on design examples simulated in 1 /spl mu/ CMOS ASIC technology.
Patient-to-Patient Transmission of Bloodborne Pathogens in Health Care: The Price and Perils of Progress?

The practice of medicine has changed dramatically over thepast 2 decades. The past 20 years have witnessed the intro-duction of interventional technologies that would—just a fewyears ago—have seemed unimaginable. Whereas such tech-nological advances are most often associated with increasedprecision of treatment and substantial decreases in morbidityand mortality, they are not without costs. Use of many ofthese new technologies requires sophisticated technical skillsand is often quite costly; in addition, maintenance and man-agement of new, complex equipment are often technicallycomplex. As medical devices have become more complex, sohave their cleaning and disinfection protocols.Another problem that has been engendered by increasinglysophisticated medical technology is a relatively blind relianceon the safety and efﬁcacy of new (presumably safer) devicesand procedures. These 2 problems can work together to in-crease risk for patients and providers. Curiously, all the tech-nological advances of the late 20th and early 21st centurieshave not abrogated healthcare workers’ responsibilities to at-tend to the use of basic infection control techniques whileproviding patient care. For example, several epidemics of re-spiratory infections have been associated with inadequatecleaning and disinfection of bronchoscopes (occasionallycon-founded by problems relating to device design).
Exposure to pesticides residues from consumption of Italian blood oranges

This paper reports the results of a 5-year study to evaluate pesticide levels, derived from orchard activities, on Italy's most common orange cultivar (Citrus sinensis, L. Osbeck, cv. Tarocco). Using a Bayesian approach, the study allowed both the qualitative (number) and quantitative distributions (amount) of pesticides to be determined with its own probability value. Multi-residue analyses of 460 samples highlighted the presence of ethyl and methyl chlorpyrifos, dicofol, etofenprox, fenazaquin, fenitrothion, imazalil, malathion and metalaxil-m. A total of 30.5% of samples contained just one pesticide, 2.16% two pesticides and 0.65% of samples had three pesticides present simultaneously. The most common residue was ethyl chlorpyrifos followed by methyl chlorpyrifos. Estimated daily intake (EDI) values for ethyl and methyl chlorpyrifos, as well as the distance from the safety level (non-observed adverse effect level, NOAEL), were calculated. The risk was differentiated (1) to take account of the period of actual citrus consumption (180 days) and (2) to discriminate the risk derived from eating oranges containing a certain level of chlorpyrifos from unspecified pesticides. The most likely EDI values for ethyl chlorpyrifos derived from Italian blood orange consumption are 0.01 and 0.006 mg/day calculated for 180 and 365 days, respectively. Considering the probability of the occurrence of ethyl chlorpyrifos, these EDI values are reduced to 2.6 × 10−3 and 1.3 × 10−3 mg/day, respectively. For methyl chlorpyrifos, the most likely EDI values are 0.09 and 0.04 mg/day, respectively; considering the probability of its occurrence, the EDI values decrease to 6.7 × 10−3 and 3.4 × 10−3 mg/day, respectively. The results confirmed that levels of pesticides in Italian Tarocco oranges derived from a known controlled chain of production are safe.
Molecular Hydrogen Formation on Astrophysically Relevant Surfaces

Recent experimental results about the formation of molecular hydrogen on astrophysically relevant surfaces under conditions close to those encountered in the interstellar medium are analyzed using rate equations. The parameters of the rate equation model are fitted to temperature-programmed desorption curves obtained in the laboratory. These parameters are the activation energy barriers for atomic hydrogen diffusion and desorption, the barrier for molecular hydrogen desorption, and the probability of spontaneous desorption of a hydrogen molecule upon recombination. The model is a generalization of the Polanyi-Wigner equation and provides a description of both first- and second-order kinetic processes within a single model. Using the values of the parameters that best fit the experimental results, the efficiency of hydrogen recombination on olivine and amorphous carbon surfaces is obtained for a range of hydrogen flux and surface temperature pertinent to a wide range of interstellar conditions.
Managing activity and expenditure in the new NHS market

The English National Health Service is introducing ‘Payment by Results’ so that hospitals are paid according to the activity they undertake. This should encourage hospitals to increase activity but perhaps to unaffordable levels. Drawing on interviews with NHS staff and documentary evidence, the authors examine local strategies to manage activity and NHS expenditure. These alone cannot be relied upon to control expenditure, and payments themselves should be modified.
A Proteomics Survey of Junín Virus Interactions with Human Proteins Reveals Host Factors Required for Arenavirus Replication

ABSTRACT Arenaviruses are negative-strand, enveloped RNA viruses that cause significant human disease. In particular, Junín mammarenavirus (JUNV) is the etiologic agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. At present, little is known about the cellular proteins that the arenavirus matrix protein (Z) hijacks to accomplish its various functions, including driving the process of virus release. Furthermore, there is little knowledge regarding host proteins incorporated into arenavirus particles and their importance for virion function. To address these deficiencies, we used mass spectrometry to identify human proteins that (i) interact with the JUNV matrix protein inside cells or within virus-like particles (VLPs) and/or (ii) are incorporated into bona fide JUNV strain Candid#1 particles. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that multiple classes of human proteins were overrepresented in the data sets, including ribosomal proteins, Ras superfamily proteins, and endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins. Several of these proteins were required for the propagation of JUNV (ADP ribosylation factor 1 [ARF1], ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 38-kDa, V0 subunit d1 [ATP6V0D1], and peroxiredoxin 3 [PRDX3]), lymphocytic choriomeningitis mammarenavirus (LCMV) (Rab5c), or both viruses (ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide [ATP5B] and IMP dehydrogenase 2 [IMPDH2]). Furthermore, we show that the release of infectious JUNV particles, but not LCMV particles, requires a functional ESCRT pathway and that ATP5B and IMPDH2 are required for JUNV budding. In summary, we have provided a large-scale map of host machinery that associates with JUNV and identified key human proteins required for its propagation. This data set provides a resource for the field to guide antiviral target discovery and to better understand the biology of the arenavirus matrix protein and the importance of host proteins for virion function. IMPORTANCE Arenaviruses are deadly human pathogens for which there are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccines and only limited treatment options. Little is known about the host proteins that are incorporated into arenavirus particles or that associate with its multifunctional matrix protein. Using Junín mammarenavirus (JUNV), the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever, as a model organism, we mapped the human proteins that are incorporated into JUNV particles or that associate with the JUNV matrix protein. Functional analysis revealed host machinery that is required for JUNV propagation, including the cellular ESCRT pathway. This study improves our understanding of critical arenavirus-host interactions and provides a data set that will guide future studies to better understand arenavirus pathogenesis and identify novel host proteins that can be therapeutically targeted.
Improving image annotation via ranking‐oriented neighbor search and learning‐based keyword propagation

Automatic image annotation plays a critical role in modern keyword‐based image retrieval systems. For this task, the nearest‐neighbor–based scheme works in two phases: first, it finds the most similar neighbors of a new image from the set of labeled images; then, it propagates the keywords associated with the neighbors to the new image. In this article, we propose a novel approach for image annotation, which simultaneously improves both phases of the nearest‐neighbor–based scheme. In the phase of neighbor search, different from existing work discovering the nearest neighbors with the predicted distance, we introduce a ranking‐oriented neighbor search mechanism (RNSM), where the ordering of labeled images is optimized directly without going through the intermediate step of distance prediction. In the phase of keyword propagation, different from existing work using simple heuristic rules to select the propagated keywords, we present a learning‐based keyword propagation strategy (LKPS), where a scoring function is learned to evaluate the relevance of keywords based on their multiple relations with the nearest neighbors. Extensive experiments on the Corel 5K data set and the MIR Flickr data set demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.