Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivation and readiness for therapeutic community treatment among adolescents and adult substance abusers.

A growing body of research has demonstrated the importance of motivation and readiness among drug abusers in seeking, complying with, and remaining in treatment. To date, however, there is little research on these factors among adolescent substance abusers. The present study reports findings from a large scale investigation of motivation and readiness differences across adolescent (range = 14-18 years, n > 1000) and adult (range = 19-26 + years, n > 1400) admissions to residential therapeutic communities (TCs). Data were collected with an instrument assessing circumstances, motivation, readiness, and suitability for TC treatment (i.e., CMRS). Results showed that: (1) there is a significant positive linear relationship between CMRS scores and age; (2) the CMRS scores were the largest and most consistent predictors of short term retention across all age groups. Although confined to TC samples, the present findings support clinical observations that adolescent drug abusers are less motivated to change or ready for treatment than adults; and they confirm the importance of motivational and readiness factors in the treatment process, regardless of age.
Fusobacterium nucleatum

The Gram-negative, non-sporulating, obligately anaerobic species, Fusobacterium nucleatum, is rapidly gaining notoriety as a pathogen with a surprising number of associated diseases. Recently, we have found that F. nucleatum is a more common resident of the GI tract than originally thought, and thus, through several studies, we have attempted to determine its gut-relevant potential for virulence. We have found that F. nucleatum possesses a number of pathogenic traits with relevance to gut diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however, we have also documented strain-associated differences in virulence. An intriguing picture emerges that paints F. nucleatum as both conferring beneficial as well as detrimental effects on host cells; and we suggest that the ultimate effects of F. nucleatum infection in the gut are a consequence of the microbes with which this species aggregates.
A Contribution to the Morphology of the Corpus Striatum.

Fou a recapitulation of the essential features in the divergent conclusions of investigators who have studied this problem, we are indebted to the recent paper by Elliot Smith ('20) in which he pointed out the nature of the corpus striatum in Sphenodon, and indicated the morphological relationships of its several parts. For some time past I have been studying a series of sections of the brain of the highly specialised Marsupial Mole, Notoryctes typhlops, which was very kindly placed at my disposal by Prof. Elliot Smith. As might be anticipated, in this creature devoid of any visual apparatus, the olfactory and closely associated striatal areas play a dominant role in its cerebral constitution-features already described by Elliot Smith in his communication to the Royal Society of South Australia ('95). In attempting to elucidate the significance of these structures I have investigated more primitive forms in the biological series; and I have to acknowledge the generosity of Professors A. Dendy of King's College and J. P. Hill of University College for the free access to their important collections, which has made possible an extensive comparative study. It is primarily for the purpose of abbreviating the account of the brain of Notoryctes that this preliminary note upon the striatal region is submitted; but the problem of the evolution of the corpus striatum is sufficiently important to call for this separate treatment. If a transverse section of the brain of Notoryctes be studied in the region of the anterior commissure and foramen of Monro (e.g. A. 2. 7. of this series) (fig. 1), the pallial formation is recognisable as a continuous cell layer from the region of the fascia dentata and hippocampus dorso-medially, to the upturned lateral margin of the pyriform lobe ventro-laterally. Medial to this point (where the pyriform area is turned up to become continuous, through a scattered cell zone, with the denser structure of the claustral area lateral to the corona radiata) there are to be seen in section remnants of the lenticulostriate artery (claustral artery of Shellshear, '20) whose significance as a guide to the morphology in this region has been indicated by Elliot Smith ('19). Medial to this vessel are to be seen the "scattered islands of Calleja"
Deformation of glacial materials: introduction and overview

The flow of glacier ice can produce structures that are striking and beautiful. Associated sediments, too, can develop spectacular deformation structures and examples are remarkably well preserved in Quaternary deposits. Although such features have long been recognized, they are now the subject of new attention from glaciologists and glacial geologists. However, these workers are not always fully aware of the methods for unravelling deformation structures evolved in recent years by structural geologists, who themselves may not be fully aware of the opportunities offered by glacial materials. This book, and the conference from which it stemmed, were conceived of as a step towards bridging this apparent gap between groups of workers with potentially overlapping interests. Glaciologists have long been aware of the remarkable structures developed in flowing ice. Nineteenth century Alpine mountaineers and natural scientists, such as the Swiss naturalist, Agassiz (‘The Father of Ice Ages’), and Forbes and Tyndall from Britain, described a range of structures in glaciers, and were clearly impressed by the similarity with deformation structures in rocks. The first half of the twentieth century saw few advances in glaciological thinking, but renewed interest in structures followed the formulation of a flow law for ice (e.g. Nye 1953; Glen 1955) and its application to glaciers (e.g. Nye 1957). Since then, as outlined by Hambrey & Lawson (this volume), there have been numerous studies of deformation in glaciers. Many of these studies link glacier structures to measured deformation rates, notably in the classic case studies of Allen et al.
Elaboración de las formas breves del Inventario do Desenvolvemento de Habilidades Comunicativas. Datos normativos y propiedades psicométricas

Resumen Se presenta la versión gallega de la forma reducida de las escalas MacArthur-Bates (Inventario do Desenvolvemento de Habilidades Comunicativas: IDHC). La forma del Nivel I está dirigida a padres de niños pequeños entre los 8 y los 15 meses de edad. La forma del Nivel II está dirigida a padres de niños entre 16 y 30 meses. Se han aplicado a 1150 padres: 357 formularios del Nivel I y 806 del Nivel II. Se proporcionan los datos normativos para cada grupo de edad, así como los análisis de las variables demográficas sobre las puntuaciones obtenidas. La fiabtliaad y validez halladas indican que la versión abreviada del IDHC presenta muy buenas características psicométricas, y correlaciones muy elevadas con la versión completa del IDHC. Los resultados obtenidos para el Nivel I indican la existencia de una disociación entre producción de vocabulario y comprensión de vocabulario, con la producción claramente por detrás de la comprensión. Se encontraron importantes diferencias individuales, pero no efectos de género a lo largo de este período. En el Nivel II se observa una importante progresión en las puntuaciones del vocabulario producido con importantes variaciones individuales. Las correlaciones entre las puntuaciones en vocabulario y en gramática (combinación de palabras y LME3) fueron altas, lo que da apoyo a la hipótesis de la masa léxica. Si bien se han hallado diferencias de género y de orden de nacimiento, sin embargo sus efectos han sido bastante reducidos. Se concluye que la versión reducida del IDHC constituye un útil y conveniente instrumento para la evaluación rápida del desarrollo del lenguaje.
Organizational learning research: Past, present and future

The article provides a brief overview of past research on organizational learning. Current research themes are identified, including taking a fine-grained approach to characterizing organizational experience, understanding the role of the organizational context in organizational learning, and analyzing processes and outcomes of knowledge creation, retention and transfer. The article concludes with a discussion of future research that is likely to advance our understanding of organizational learning.
Age‐Dependent Differential Responses of Monoaminergic Systems to High Doses of Methamphetamine

Abstract: Abuse of methamphetamine (METH) by adolescents is a major public health issue in the U.S.A. Because of the neurotoxic potential of METH, we examined the response of CNS monoaminergic systems in young (adolescent) animals [postnatal day (PND) 40] to high‐dose treatments (10 mg/kg, four injections, 2‐h intervals) of this drug and contrasted these effects to those seen in older (young adult) rats (PND 90). Consistent with previous reports, we observed that PND 40 animals did not manifest the long‐term (7‐day) deficits in extrapyramidal dopamine (DA) parameters observed in PND 90 rats. In contrast, METH‐induced rapid (1‐h) reduction in the activity of striatal DA transporters occurred in both age groups. In addition, both persistent (7‐day) and rapid (1‐h) deficits in serotonergic systems (measured as reductions in tryptophan hydroxylase activity) were observed in PND 40 and 90 rats. Age‐related differences in METH‐induced hyperthermia did not appear to be a principal cause for our observations; however, age‐dependent pharmacokinetics of this drug might have contributed to the differential METH monoaminergic responses by PND 40 and 90 animals.
Response: Ideas are ten a penny - It's team implementation not idea generation that counts

Cet article presente une synthese des recherches et theories qui eclairent notre comprehension de la creativite et de la mise en oeuvre de l’innovation dans les groupes de travail. Il semble que la creativite apparaisse essentiellement au cours des premieres etapes du processus, avant la mise en oeuvre. On etudie l’influence des caracteristiques de la tâche, des capacites et de l’eventail des connaissances du groupe, des demandes externes, des mecanismes d’integration et de coherence de groupe. La perception d’une menace, l’incertitude ou de fortes exigences entravent la creativite, mais favorisent l’innovation. La diversite des connaissances et des capacites est un bon predicteur de l’innovation, mais l’integration du groupe et les competences sont indispensables pour recolter les fruits de la diversite. On examine aussi les implications theoriques et pratiques de ces considerations. In this article I synthesise research and theory that advance our understanding of creativity and innovation implementation in groups at work. It is suggested that creativity occurs primarily at the early stages of innovation processes with innovation implementation later. The influences of task characteristics, group knowledge diversity and skill, external demands, integrating group processes and intragroup safety are explored. Creativity, it is proposed, is hindered whereas perceived threat, uncertainty or other high levels of demands aid the implementation of innovation. Diversity of knowledge and skills is a powerful predictor of innovation, but integrating group processes and competencies are needed to enable the fruits of this diversity to be harvested. The implications for theory and practice are also explored.
A Light pseudoscalar in a model with lepton family symmetry O(2)

We discuss a realization of the non-abelian group O(2) as a family symmetry for the lepton sector. The reflection contained in O(2) acts as a μ-τ interchange symmetry, enforcing—at tree level—maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing and a vanishing mixing angle θ13. The small ratio mμ/mτ (muon over tau mass) gives rise to a suppression factor in the mass of one of the pseudoscalars of the model. We argue that such a light pseudoscalar does not violate any experimental constraint.
A randomized, double‐blind, controlled study and pooled analysis of two identical trials of fermented milk containing probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I‐2494 in healthy women reporting minor digestive symptoms

Background The probiotic fermented milk (PFM) containing Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I‐2494 improved gastrointestinal (GI) well‐being and digestive symptoms in a previous trial involving women reporting minor digestive symptoms. Our objective is to confirm these findings in a second study and in a pooled analysis of both studies.
Androgen receptor signaling in circulating tumor cells as a marker of hormonally responsive prostate cancer.

UNLABELLED Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is initially effective in treating metastatic prostate cancer, and secondary hormonal therapies are being tested to suppress androgen receptor (AR) reactivation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Despite variable responses to AR pathway inhibitors in CRPC, there are no reliable biomarkers to guide their application. Here, we used microfluidic capture of circulating tumor cells (CTC) to measure AR signaling readouts before and after therapeutic interventions. Single-cell immunofluorescence analysis revealed predominantly "AR-on" CTC signatures in untreated patients, compared with heterogeneous ("AR-on, AR-off, and AR-mixed") CTC populations in patients with CRPC. Initiation of first-line ADT induced a profound switch from "AR-on" to "AR-off" CTCs, whereas secondary hormonal therapy in CRPC resulted in variable responses. Presence of "AR-mixed" CTCs and increasing "AR-on" cells despite treatment with abiraterone acetate were associated with an adverse treatment outcome. Measuring treatment-induced signaling responses within CTCs may help guide therapy in prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Acquired resistance to first-line hormonal therapy in prostate cancer is heterogeneous in the extent of AR pathway reactivation. Measurement of pre- and posttreatment AR signaling within CTCs may help target such treatments to patients most likely to respond to second-line therapies.
Acute myocardial infarction: quality of care in rural Alberta.

OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of care of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a rural health region. DESIGN Clinical audit employing multiple explicit criteria of care elements for emergency department and in-hospital AMI management. The audit was conducted using retrospective chart review. SETTING Twelve acute care health centres and hospitals in the East Central Health Region, a rural health region in Alberta, where medical and surgical services are provided almost entirely by family physicians. PARTICIPANTS Hospital inpatients with a confirmed discharge diagnosis of AMI (ICD-9-CM codes 410.xx) during the period April 1, 2001, to March 31, 2002, were included (177 confirmed cases). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quality of AMI care was assessed using guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association and the Canadian Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Team and Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Quality of care indicators at three stages of patient care were assessed: at initial recognition and AMI management in the emergency department, during in-hospital AMI management, and at preparation for discharge from hospital. RESULTS In the emergency department, the quality of care was high for most procedural and therapeutic audit elements, with the exception of rapid electrocardiography, urinalysis, and provision of nitroglycerin and morphine. Average door-to-needle time for thrombolysis was 102.5 minutes. The quality of in-hospital care was high for most elements, but low for nitroglycerin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, daily electrocardiography, and counseling regarding smoking cessation and diet. Few patients received counseling for lifestyle changes at hospital discharge. Male and younger patients were treated more aggressively than female and older patients. Sites that used care protocols achieved better results in initial AMI management than sites that did not. Stress testing was not readily available in the rural region studied. CONCLUSION Quality of care for patients with AMI in this rural health region was high for most guideline elements. Standing orders, protocols, and checklists could improve care. Training and resource issues will need to be addressed to improve access to stress testing for rural patients. Clinical audit should be at the core of a system for local monitoring of quality of care.
A Low-Power Low-Area Error-Detecting Latch for Resilient Architectures in 28-nm FDSOI

Resilient design is a promising approach to mitigate the performance losses resulting from process, voltage, and temperature variations and benefits from average-case path activity. Many such design techniques rely on error-detecting latches (EDLs) to identify timing errors. This brief presents a novel low-power low-area EDL that achieves 31.8% less energy consumption, 15.8% less leakage, and 35.4% less area compared with the most efficient previous designs, reducing the overhead and thereby increasing the potential benefits of resilient designs.
Relay-Race Algorithm: A Novel Heuristic Approach to VLSI/PCB Placement

In this paper, we present a novel heuristic approach, called relay-race algorithm (RRA), with motivation to improve solution quality and reduce computational time for VLSI/PCB placement. RRA is to simulate the relay-race game, in which each runner participates in a part of race and then is relayed by another member of the team. RRA is designed to overcome the shortcomings of simulated annealing (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA). The basic idea is to use a guide to adjust running methods according to the experience of past runs and a relay to escape local optimum in only one step. Based on the experimental results, RRA improved the placement for both interconnect and area optimization, comparing with SA. For interconnect optimization using ami49_X benchmarks, RRA obtained stable improvement for the Pareto frontier of two conflicting objectives: power and performance. In several cases, we got more than 30% improvement of interconnect power consumption without any degradation of performance. For area minimization using MCNC benchmarks, RRA reduced at least 40% computational time with better solution quality. With respect to its impact, RRA has potential to improve the existing approaches for more NP-hard problems in different fields.
Liquid-liquid extraction of enzymes by affinity aqueous two-phase systems

From analytical to commercial scale, aqueous two-phase systems have their application in the purification, characterization and study of biomaterials. In order to improve the selectivity of the systems, the biospecific affinity ligands were introduced. In the affinity partitioning aqueous two-phase system, have many enzymes been purified. This review discusses the partitioning of some enzymes in the affinity aqueous two-phase systems in regard to the different ligands, including reactive dyes, metal ions and other ligands. Some integration of aqueous two-phase system with other techniques for more effective purification of enzymes are also presented.
The Place of Targeted Agents in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Despite the high prevalence of colorectal cancer in a continuously aging population and the substantial advances in the treatment of metastatic disease during the past decade, the treatment of elderly patients with advanced, unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer is a clearly unmet need. Since older patients are under-represented or even excluded from randomized trials, the evidence that oncologists use as guidance is weak. However, small prospective studies, pooled analyses and observational studies show that combination approaches are safe, efficacious and feasible in the geriatric population with metastatic colorectal cancer. The use of biologic agents targeting angiogenesis and the epidermal growth factor receptor, which have been shown to clearly improve outcomes in multiple prospective trials in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, is a vital component of the aforementioned combination approaches. Herein, we review all available data concerning the management of elderly patients with these agents and underscore the differences between this age subgroup and younger patients.
Sphingomyelin Liposomes Containing Soluble Leishmania major antigens Induced Strong Th2 Immune Response in BALB/c Mice

Objective(s): Soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA) provide suitable protection against leishmaniasis in murine model when delivered by an appropriate delivery system. Liposomes have been shown to be suitable vaccine delivery systems against leishmaniasis, however, the phospholipase-A (PLA) activity of SLA is a drawback to prepare a stable liposomal SLA. One strategy to overcome this problem might be using a lipid which is resistant to PLA activity of SLA such as sphingomyelin (SM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of stable SM liposomes containing SLA on the immune response induced against leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice . Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously, three times with 2-week intervals, with SLA, SM-liposome-SLA, empty liposome or buffer. As criteria for protection, footpads swelling at the site of challenge and foot parasite loads were assessed. The immune responses were also evaluated by determination of IgG subtypes and the level of IFN-γ and IL-4 in cultured splenocytes. Results: The group of mice receiving SM-liposome-SLA, showed a significant large footpad swelling, higher parasite burden in foot and higher IL-4 level compared to the group immunized with buffer. In terms of IgG and IgG isotypes, there was no significant difference between the mice receiving SM-liposome-SLA and the mice that received buffer. Moreover, the immune response induced by SM-liposome-SLA showed no significant difference compared with the one caused by SLA alone. Conclusion: It is concluded that SM-liposome-SLA is not an appropriate strategy to induce Th1 immune response and protect the mice against Leishmaniasis; however, SM-liposomes could be suitable vaccine delivery systems when a Th2 response is needed.
Predictors of pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. The selection of first-line therapies for ovulation induction is empiric. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to develop a clinically useful predictive model of live birth with varying ovulation induction methods. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We built four prognostic models from a large multicenter randomized controlled infertility trial of 626 women with PCOS performed at academic health centers in the United States to predict success of ovulation, conception, pregnancy, and live birth, evaluating the influence of patients' baseline characteristics. INTERVENTIONS Ovulation was induced with clomiphene, metformin, or the combination of both for up to six cycles or conception. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary outcome of the trial was the rate of live births. RESULTS Baseline free androgen index, baseline proinsulin level, interaction of treatment arm with body mass index, and duration of attempting conception were significant predictors in all four models. History of a prior loss predicted ovulation and conception, but not pregnancy or live birth. A modified Ferriman Gallwey hirsutism score of less than 8 was predictive of conception, pregnancy, and live birth (although it did not predict ovulation success). Age was a divergent predictor based on outcome; age greater than 34 predicted ovulation, whereas age less than 35 was a predictive factor for a successful pregnancy and live birth. Smoking history had no predictive value. CONCLUSIONS A live birth prediction chart developed from basic clinical parameters (body mass index, age, hirsutism score, and duration of attempting conception) may help physicians counsel and select infertility treatments for women with PCOS.