Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Francisella tularensis Infection-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies Provide Detection, Protection, and Therapy

ABSTRACT Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia and a potential agent of biowarfare. As an easily transmissible infectious agent, rapid detection and treatment are necessary to provide a positive clinical outcome. As an agent of biowarfare, there is an additional need to prevent infection. We made monoclonal antibodies to the F. tularensis subsp. holarctica live vaccine strain (F. tularensis LVS) by infecting mice with a sublethal dose of bacteria and, following recovery, by boosting the mice with sonicated organisms. The response to the initial and primary infection was restricted to immunoglobulin M antibody directed solely against lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After boosting with sonicated organisms, the specificity repertoire broadened against protein antigens, including DnaK, LpnA, FopA, bacterioferritin, the 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12, and metabolic enzymes. These monoclonal antibodies detect F. tularensis LVS by routine immunoassays, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. The ability of the antibodies to protect mice from intradermal infection, both prophylactically and therapeutically, was examined. An antibody to LPS which provides complete protection from infection with F. tularensis LVS and partial protection from infection with F. tularensis subsp. tularensis strain SchuS4 was identified. There was no bacteremia and reduced organ burden within the first 24 h when mice were protected from F. tularensis LVS infection with the anti-LPS antibody. No antibody that provided complete protection when administered therapeutically was identified; however, passive transfer of antibodies against LPS, FopA, and LpnA resulted in 40 to 50% survival of mice infected with F. tularensis LVS.
Primary hepatic extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type is associated with chronic inflammatory process

Primary hepatic extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma is very rare disease. We reported two cases of primary hepatic MALT lymphoma associated with chronic inflammatory disorder. One case was a 74-year-old female complicated with asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis. Another case was a 73-year-old man presented with a mild hepatitis C. Both biopsy specimens showed diffuse infiltration of small atypical lymphoid cells that were phenotypically CD20+, CD79a+, CD5- and CD10-. Patients were received r-THP-COP (rituximab, pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, predonisolone) and achieved complete remission. Primary hepatic MALT lymphoma may be strongly associated with chronic inflammation, especially hepatitis C virus infection. However, the relationship between primary hepatic MALT lymphoma and PBC is still controversial, because the lymphoma complicated with PBC is extremity rare and there is no immunological and genetical study about it. We discuss the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation of this rare disease.
First child of immigrant workers and their descendants in West Germany: Interrelation of events, disruption, or adaptation?

This paper investigates the impact of immigration on the transition to motherhood among women from Turkey, Italy, Spain, Greece, and the former Yugoslavia in West Germany. We apply a hazard regression analysis to data of the German Socio-Economic Panel study. We distinguish between the first and second immigrant generation. The results show that the transition rates to a first birth of first-generation immigrants are elevated shortly after they move country. We trace the elevated birth risks shortly following the immigration back to an interrelation of events – these are migration, marriage, and first birth. We do not find evidence of a fertility-disruption effect after immigration. Our analysis indicates that second-generation immigrants are more adapted to the lower fertility levels of West Germans than their mothers’ generation.
On the resource bounded measure of P/poly

We show that the class of sets having polynomial size circuits, P/poly, has EXP/sup NP/-measure zero under each of the following two assumptions: EXP/sup NP//spl ne/ZPP(/spl Sigma//sub 2//sup p/)(which holds if the polynomial time hierarchy does not collapse to ZPP(/spl Sigma//sub 2//sup p/)), or NP is not small (does not have EXP-measure zero).
New Isoform of Cardiac Myosin Light Chain Kinase and the Role of Cardiac Myosin Phosphorylation in α1-Adrenoceptor Mediated Inotropic Response

Background & Aims Cardiac myosin light chain kinase (cMLCK) plays an obligatory role in maintaining the phosphorylation levels of regulatory myosin light chain (MLC2), which is thought to be crucial for regulation of cardiac function. To test this hypothesis, the role played by ventricular MLC2 (MLC2v) phosphorylation was investigated in the phenylephrine-induced increase in twitch tension using the naturally-occurring mouse strain, C57BL/6N, in which cMLCK is down regulated. Methods and Results By Western blot and nanoLC-MS/MS analysis, cMLCKs with molecular mass of 61-kDa (cMLCK-2) and/or 86-kDa were identified in mice heart. Among various mouse strains, C57BL/6N expressed cMLCK-2 alone and the closest relative strain C57BL/6J expressed both cMLCKs. The levels of MLC2v phosphorylation was significantly lower in C57BL/6N than in C57BL/6J. The papillary muscle twitch tension induced by electrical field stimulation was smaller in C57BL/6N than C57BL/6J. Phenylephrine had no effect on MLC2v phosphorylation in either strains but increased the twitch tension more potently in C57BL/6J than in C57BL/6N. Calyculin A increased papillary muscle MLC2v phosphorylation to a similar extent in both strains but increased the phenylephrine-induced inotropic response only in C57BL/6N. There was a significant positive correlation between the phenylephrine-induced inotropic response and the levels of MLC2v phosphorylation within ranges of 15–30%. Conclusions We identified a new isoform of cMLCK with a molecular mass of 61kDa(cMLCK-2) in mouse heart. In the C57BL/6N strain, only cMLCK-2 was expressed and the basal MLC2v phosphorylation levels and the phenylephrine-induced inotropic response were both smaller. We suggest that a lower phenylephrine-induced inotropic response may be caused by the lower basal MLC2v phosphorylation levels in this strain.
Mining Frequent Parallel Episodes with Selective Participation

We consider the task of finding frequent parallel episodes in parallel point processes, allowing for imprecise synchrony of the events constituting occurrences (temporal imprecision) as well as incomplete occurrences (selective participation). We tackle this problem with frequent pattern mining based on the CoCoNAD methodology, which is designed to take care of temporal imprecision. To cope with selective participation, we form a reduction sequence of items (event types) based on found frequent patterns and guided by pattern overlap. We evaluate the performance of our method on a large number of data sets with injected parallel episodes.
Toward a Biopsychomotor Conceptualization of Pain: Implications for Research and Intervention

ObjectivesNearly 400 years ago, René Descartes proposed a model of pain perception that characterized pain as a purely physical phenomenon, devoid of psychologic influence. The characterization of pain as an exclusively sensory (or experiential) phenomenon continues to dominate current conceptualizations of pain. MethodsThis paper advances the view that the exclusive focus on pain sensation or experience as the essential feature of the pain system has given rise to conceptual frameworks that are incomplete and flawed. It is argued that individuals with pain differ from individuals without pain not only in how they “feel” but they differ in how they “behave. ” ResultsArguments are put forward advocating for a biopsychomotor conceptualization of pain where pain behaviors are construed as integral components of the pain system. The biopsychomotor model proposes that at least 3 partially independent behavioral subsystems are integral components of pain. These include communicative pain behaviors, protective pain behaviors, and social response behaviors. Evidence is reviewed suggesting that different dimensions of pain behavior are functionally distinct, and questions are raised about the nature of motor programs responsible for the elicitation and maintenance of different forms of pain behavior. DiscussionClinical and theoretical implications of a biopsychomotor conceptualization of pain are discussed.
Safety Organizing, Emotional Exhaustion, and Turnover in Hospital Nursing Units

Context:Prior research has found that safety organizing behaviors of registered nurses (RNs) positively impact patient safety. However, little research exists on how engaging in safety organizing affects caregivers. Objectives:While we know that organizational processes can have divergent effects on organizational and employee outcomes, little research exists on the effects of pursuing highly reliable performance through safety organizing on caregivers. Specifically, we examined whether, and the conditions under which, safety organizing affects RN emotional exhaustion and nursing unit turnover rates. Subjects:Subjects included 1352 RNs in 50 intensive care, internal medicine, labor, and surgery nursing units in 3 Midwestern acute-care hospitals who completed questionnaires between August and December 2011 and 50 Nurse Managers from the units who completed questionnaires in December 2012. Research Design:Cross-sectional analyses of RN emotional exhaustion linked to survey data on safety organizing and hospital incident reporting system data on adverse event rates for the year before survey administration. Cross-sectional analysis of unit-level RN turnover rates for the year following the administration of the survey linked to survey data on safety organizing. Results:Multilevel regression analysis indicated that safety organizing was negatively associated with RN emotional exhaustion on units with higher rates of adverse events and positively associated with RN emotional exhaustion with lower rates of adverse events. Tobit regression analyses indicated that safety organizing was associated with lower unit level of turnover rates over time. Conclusions:Safety organizing is beneficial to caregivers in multiple ways, especially on nursing units with high levels of adverse events and over time.
Solipsis: A Massively Multi-Participant Virtual World

This paper presents a massively shared virtual reality system based on a network of peers. It does not rely on any server nor on IP multicast, and intends to be scalable to an unlimited number of participants. Following a peer-to-peer scheme, entities collaborate to build up a common virtual world. The behavior of entities, running algorithms in order to maintain local properties, ensures the consistency of the virtual world and the connexity of the network. The paper also describes how entities join the network and enter the virtual world at a particular position. Keywords— Peer-to-peer System, Shared Virtual Reality, Massively Distributed System, Distributed Algorithms, Self-organizing Systems, Computational Geometry.
Excitotoxic lesions of the prelimbic‐infralimbic areas of the rodent prefrontal cortex disrupt motor preparatory processes

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is involved in a variety of cognitive and emotional processes; in rodents its implication in motor planning is less known, however. We therefore investigated how the mPFC contributes to the information processes involved in the execution of a reaction time task in rats. Subjects were trained to rapidly release a lever at the onset of a cue light, which was presented after an unpredictable period of variable duration (500, 750, 1000 and 1250 ms). Excitotoxic lesions of the whole mPFC or two mPFC subregions [e.g. the dorsal anterior cingulate and the prelimbic‐infralimbic (PL‐IL) areas] were achieved by intracerebral infusions of ibotenic acid (9.4 µg/µL) at different volumes. Extensive mPFC lesions produced increased premature responding and disrupted motor readiness, e.g. the distribution of preparatory patterns during the variable preparatory periods. The deficits lasted for 3 weeks and could be reinstated 2 months after the lesion by varying the duration of the preparatory periods to increase time uncertainty. Furthermore, lesions restricted to the PL‐IL cortex areas reproduced all the deficits of mPFC lesions, whereas pregenual anterior cingulate cortex lesions had no effect. The results emphasize a critical role of the rat PL‐IL region in motor preparatory processes. Hence, discrete lesions of this area reproduce some deficits such as impairment of time estimation and disinhibitory behaviours observed in humans with frontal hypoactivity.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Facebook Bağımlılığının Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi: Kastamonu Üniversitesi Örneği

Bu calismada universite ogrencilerinin Facebook bagimliligi farkli degiskenler acisindan incelenmistir. Calisma gurubunu Kastamonu Universitesinde Bilgisayar Muhendisligi, Bilgisayar ve Ogretim Teknolojileri Ogretmenligi (BOTE), Okul Oncesi Ogretmenligi, Sinif Ogretmenligi ve Turkce Ogretmenligi bolumlerinde egitimlerini surduren toplam 217 ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Verilerin toplanmasinda Facebook Bagimlilik Olcegi (FBO) kullanilmistir. Calismada elde edilen veriler normal dagilim gosterdigi icin analizlerde bagimsiz orneklem t-testi ve tek yonlu ANOVA parametrik istatistikleri kullanilmistir. Calismanin sonuclarina gore ogrencilerin genel egilimi Facebook bagimlisi olmama yonundedir. Ancak olcekten elde edilen puanlar ogrencilere gore ayri, ayri incelendiginde ogrencilerin %79.72’si Facebook bagimlisi degil iken; %4.15 kadarlik kismi Facebook bagimlisidir. Risk grubunda olan ogrencilerin orani ise %16.13’dur. F2, F3, F5, F6 faktorlerine gore ve olcegin tumunde cinsiyetle Facebook bagimliligi arasinda anlamli bir fark bulunmaktadir. Ortalama puanlara bakildiginda erkeklerin Facebook bagimlilik duzeyinin kizlara gore daha fazla oldugu soylenebilir. Kiz ve erkeklerin bagimlilik oranlari ise su sekildedir: Erkeklerin %8.22’si bagimli iken kizlarin sadece %2.08’i bagimlidir. Bagimli olmayan erkeklerin orani %71.23 iken kizlarda bu oran %84.03’dir. Ayrica erkeklerin %20.55’i risk grubunda iken kizlarin %13.89’u risk grubundadir. Ogrencilerin okudugu bolum ve Facebook bagimliligi arasinda anlamli bir farklilik bulunamamistir. Facebook kullanim sikligiyla Facebook bagimligi arasinda anlamli bir fark bulunmustur. Facebook’u daha sik kullananlarin bagimlilik duzeyi daha yuksektir.
Factors Associated with Mortality of Walleyes and Saugers Caught in Live-Release Tournaments

Abstract We measured the initial mortality (fish judged nonreleasable at weigh-in), prerelease mortality (fish judged nonreleasable 1–2 h after weigh-in [which includes initial mortality]), and postrelease mortality (fish that died during a 5-d retention in net-pens) in 14 live-release tournaments for walleye Sander vitreus conducted in April–October 2006 and April–July 2007 in lakes and rivers in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Among the 14 events, initial mortality was 0–28%, prerelease mortality was 3–54%, and postrelease mortality was 0–100%; the mortality of reference fish (walleyes ≥31 cm long that were captured by electrofishing and held in net-pens with tournament-caught walleyes to measure postrelease mortality) was 0–97%. Mortality was generally low in events conducted when water temperatures were below 14°C but substantially higher in events when water temperatures were above 18°C. The mortality of reference fish suggests that capture by electrofishing and minima.
A LARGE RESERVOIR OF IONIZED GAS IN THE GALACTIC HALO: IONIZED SILICON IN HIGH-VELOCITY AND INTERMEDIATE-VELOCITY CLOUDS

The low Galactic halo is enveloped by a sheath of ionized, low-metallicity gas, which can provide a substantial (1 M☉ yr−1) cooling inflow to replenish star formation in the disk. Using absorption spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer toward 37 active galactic nuclei at high latitude, we detect widespread interstellar Si iii λ1206. 50 absorption: 61 high-velocity clouds (HVCs) along 30 sight lines and 22 intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) along 20 sight lines. We find a segregation of redshifted and blueshifted absorbers across the Galactic rotation axis at ℓ = 180°, consistent with a lag in the rotation velocity above the Galactic plane. The HVC sky coverage is large (81% ± 5% for 30 out of 37 directions) with Si iii optical depth typically 4–5 times that of O vi λ1031. 926. The mean HVC column density per sight line, 〈log NSi III〉 = 13.42 ± 0.21, corresponds to total column density NHII ≈ (6 × 1018 cm−2)(ZSi/0.2Z☉)−1 of ionized low-metallicity gas, similar to that inferred in O vi. This reservoir could total 108M☉ and produce a mass infall rate ∼1 M☉ yr−1. By modeling Si ii, Si iii, Si iv, and H i in a subset of absorbers, we constrain the mean photoionization parameter in the low halo, 〈log U〉 = −3.0+0.3−0.4, approximately 10 times lower than observed in the low-redshift intergalactic medium. The metallicities in some HVCs, derived from [Si ii/H i], are 10%–30% solar, whereas values found from all three silicon ions are lower in the pure-photoionization models. These formally lower matallicities are highly uncertain, since some of the higher ions may be collisionally ionized. The HVC and IVC metallicities may be compared with the median photometric metallicity, [Fe/H] = −1.46 ± 0.30, for ∼200,000 halo F/G stars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
Effects of treatment with antimicrobial agents on the human colonic microflora

Antimicrobial agents are the most valuable means available for treating bacterial infections. However, the administration of therapeutic doses of antimicrobial agents to patients is a leading cause of disturbance of the normal gastrointestinal microflora. This disturbance results in diminishing the natural defense mechanisms provided by the colonic microbial ecosystem, making the host vulnerable to infection by commensal microorganisms or nosocomial pathogens. In this minireview, the impacts of antimicrobials, individually and in combinations, on the human colonic microflora are discussed.
USIMM : the Utah SImulated Memory Module

USIMM, the Utah SImulated Memory Module, is a DRAM main memor y system simulator that is being released for use in the Memory Scheduling Champ ionship (MSC), organized in conjunction with ISCA-39. MSC is part of the JILP Workshop s on Computer Architecture Competitions (JWAC). This report describes the simula tion infrastructure and how it will be used within the competition.
You must be creative! The effect of performance feedback on intrinsic motivation and creativity

You Must Be Creative! The Effect of Performance Feedback on Intrinsic Motivation and Creativity. (December 2006) Justin Kane Benzer, B.A., University of Massachusetts at Amherst Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Mindy Bergman Feedback sign (positive, negative, or no feedback sign) and feedback style (autonomous, controlling, or no feedback style) were manipulated in a 3x3 repeated measures design. Two hundred thirty-three undergraduate students from introductory psychology classes completed measures of perceived competence, perceived choice, and interest over four time periods. Interest was regressed on perceived competence, perceived choice, and a moderation analysis revealed that perceived choice moderated the effect of perceived competence on interest. Creative answers to open-ended problems were assessed after time 2 (before feedback), and after time 3 (after feedback). Feedback style (autonomous, controlled, and neutral) and Feedback sign (positive, negative, and neutral) manipulations were analyzed using a 3x3 ANOVA, revealing no effect of feedback. Post-hoc analyses using perceived difficulty of the first creative problem as a covariate revealed an interaction of feedback style and difficulty, limiting between subjects analyses. Creativity was also regressed on interest. Pre-feedback interest predicted creativity according to expectations, but post-feedback interest did not predict creativity. Creativity did predict post-performance interest, possibly implying
LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH A NOVEL MYCOPLASMA SP. IN CALIFORNIA SEA LIONS (ZALOPHUS CALIFORNIANUS) UNDERGOING REHABILITATION

From July 1999 to November 2001, Mycoplasma sp. was cultured from lesions in 16 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) undergoing rehabilitation. The Mycoplasma sp. was the likely cause of death of four animals in which it was associated with either pneumonia or polyarthritis. The most common lesion associated with this bacterium was subdermal abscessation, found in 12 animals. Other lesions included intramuscular abscesses, septic arthritis, and lymphadenopathy. Infection was associated with a leukocytosis and left shift in 12 animals. Animals with abscesses improved clinically after surgical lancing, irrigation, and systemic antibiotic therapy. The mycoplasma isolates had a consistent 16S rRNA sequence dissimilar from other Mycoplasma spp. and represent a novel species, Mycoplasma zalophi proposed sp. nov.
The modulo $p$ and $p^2$ cases of the Igusa Conjecture on exponential sums and the motivic oscillation index

— We prove the modulo p and modulo p 2 cases of the Igusa conjecture on exponential sums. This conjecture predicts specific uniform bounds in the homogeneous polynomial case of exponential sums modulo p m when p and m vary. We introduce the motivic oscillation index of a polynomial and prove the possibly stronger, analogue bounds for m = 1, 2 using this index instead of the bounds of the conjecture. The modulo p 2 case of our bounds holds for all polynomials; the modulo p case holds for homogeneous polynomials and under extra conditions also for non-homogeneous polynomials. We prove natural lower bounds for the motivic oscillation index by using results of Segers. We also prove that, for p big enough, Igusa's local zeta function has a nontrivial pole when one can expect so. This implies that the mo-tivic oscillation index is nontrivial whenever one can expect so. Finally, we introduce a new invariant of a polynomial f , the flaw of f , which we esteem important for a better understanding of Igusa's conjecture.
Mentoring doctoral students online: mentor strategies and challenges

Abstract The purpose of our research was to explore faculty members’ experiences with online mentoring during the dissertation stage of an online doctoral program. During semi-structured interviews, four mentors reflected on their online mentoring of students, specifically the strategies that worked well, challenges faced while mentoring online, and other factors that contributed to their mentoring practices. The data revealed the importance of structure, small group mentoring, and peer support in overcoming challenges faced during online communication and the mentoring of dissertations at a distance. Implications for the online mentoring of dissertations are discussed.