Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE STATUS OF SPECIALIZED GERONTOLOGICAL TRAINING IN GRADUATE SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION

This study assessed the current state of specialized training in master-level social work programs self-identified as either an aging specialization, concentration, or certificate. Fifty-nine identified gerontological social work programs responded to this survey (92.2% response rate). Compared with findings from similar previous studies in the 1980s, results revealed a decline in the number of graduate level aging-related social work programs. Study findings revealed similarities and significant differences among concentration, specialization, and certificate aging-related programs. Results suggest that much variation among aging-specific programs exists and greater standardization may be needed. Implications for social work education, practice, and research are discussed.
Third-Person Perception and Children

Results of two studies provide the first evidence of third-person effect among children. In Study 1 (a survey of 571 seventh-grade students), children believed that cigarette advertisements influenced others more than themselves (third-person perception). Moreover, when children compared themselves with peers, the discrepancy between self and others was larger than when children compared themselves with their best friends (social distance corollary). In Study 2, children from Grades 4, 6, and 8 (n = 666) watched a 10-minute video portraying either cigarette or anti-smoking advertisements. Regardless of which video they watched, children believed that cigarette ads have greater influence on others than on themselves. The opposite was true for anti-smoking advertisements, however. Children believed that anti-smoking ads have greater influence on themselves than others (a reverse third-person perception). Children did not perceive uniformly greater impact of persuasive messages on people other than themselves. Instead, children's judgments of media influence were consistently self-serving. These findings corroborate a theory that third-person perception is the product of a superiority bias—the tendency to see ourselves as better, or better off, than others.
Decision Making of Hotel Room Allocation: A Statistic Game

We established a two-player two-fare-class (high-fare and low-fare) static game model to solve the hotel room inventory control problem. Under this game theoretic setting, we obtained the optimal rationing policies for the two hotels under competitive situations. Our study indicates some important managerial implications on this revenue management problem: First, our game model indicates that as a best response, one hotel should always decrease its booking limit for low-fare customer by more than one unit if another hotel increases the low-fare booking limit by one unit, and vice versa. Secondly, we have proved the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium in the competitive situation. Finally, we have presented the structural properties of Nash equilibria in different situations.
Marriage in Changing Family Pattern of Bangladesh: The Present Trends

Family, the basic unit of society, all over the world has been undergoing many fundamental changes and profound transformation due to comprehensive socio-economic development and technological advancement. This paper is a humble attempt to examine the factors affecting changes in family pattern, age at marriage, practice of dowry and divorce in family life of Bangladesh. The major factors affecting changes are expansion of educational and employment opportunities, introduction of advanced technologies in production sectors, increased access to development services like micro-finance, health, education, and social awareness avenues, economic and political empowerment among the family members including legal measures for protecting women and children from negative consequences of dowry practice and divorce, in particular. Still, several problems emerged from the changed family pattern in Bangladesh that included break-down of joint family system, degradation of moral values, negligence toward the dependent and aged members, wide practice dowry and divorce, increase in new demands of the family members, development of self-centered attitude, and increased conflict in conjugal as well as family life. On the basis of above findings and discussions, some specific measures may be suggested as intervention strategies for solving the problems emerged from the changed family pattern in Bangladesh including the practice of dowry and divorce. These measures are: counseling by the trained social workers, legal literacy and social education relating to family-life, women empowerment, new employment creation, strengthening health care services at grassroots, proper enforcement of family, child and marriage related laws. The role of mass media should be encouraged in raising awareness among community people and government functionaries including the law enforcement agencies so that they should come forward to improve their life situation in accordance with the changes in family pattern of Bangladesh. Finally, in a changing society of Bangladesh, professionally skilled and trained social workers can greatly contribute to make all the social efforts and human service activities more effective and meaningful.
A Typology of Negative Mentoring Experiences: A Multidimensional Scaling Study

A typology of negative mentoring experiences was generated utilizing multidimensional scaling techniques. Similarity ratings were obtained on 16 negative mentoring experiences identified by previous research. Multidimensional scaling results supported a three-dimensional solution for the data. Based on both subjective and empirical interpretation strategies, it was determined that individuals consider outcome severity (minor versus serious), specificity (targeted versus diffuse), and mentor function (psychosocial versus career-related) when comparing negative mentoring experiences. Connections with theoretically related areas of social science research, as well as implications for theory-building, future research, and applied practice are discuss
The Effect of TV Ads and Candidate Appearances on Statewide Presidential Votes, 1988–96

Although presidential campaigns have been mythologized in literature and cinema, most theories of elections relegate them to a secondary role, presuming they have little effect on outcomes. Direct tests of campaigning's influence on electoral college votes are rare, mostly because statewide data on the allocation of resources and voters' preferences have been hard to obtain. Many studies suggest a minimal effect, but it is possible that a more significant influence might be found with better data on the key dependent and independent variables. This study uses data on presidential candidates' appearances and television advertising purchases to conduct cross-sectional and pooled time-series analyses of their influence on statewide outcomes in 1988, 1992, and 1996. The data demonstrate that, despite the conditioning influence of other factors, campaigning affected statewide preferences as well as the electoral college vote.
Association Between Cholecystectomy and Intestinal Cancer: A National Record Linkage Study

Objective:To investigate the risk of intestinal cancer in a cohort of people who had undergone cholecystectomy for gallstones, and in a cohort of people who had been hospitalized for gallbladder disease but had not undergone cholecystectomy. Background:Some investigators have suggested that cholecystectomy increases the risk of intestinal cancer. Despite extensive study, the evidence remains inconclusive. If there is doubt about safety, the question arises of whether patients considering the operation should be told of a possible risk. It is also increasingly clear that there are noncausal associations between gallstones and intestinal cancer. Method:Analysis of record-linked hospital admission and mortality statistics for England from 1998 to 2008; calculation of ratio of rates of cancers in the cholecystectomy cohort and the gallbladder disease cohort compared with a control cohort. Results:In the first year after cholecystectomy, the rate ratios for cancer of the small intestine, colon, and rectum were significantly high at, respectively, 4.6 (95% confidence interval 3.9–5.5), 2.0 (1.9–2.1), and 1.7 (1.6–1.9). Rates of these cancers were also significantly high in people with gallstones without cholecystectomy. By 8 to 10 years after cholecystectomy, rate ratios had declined to nonsignificant levels. Conclusions:These cancers are associated with gallstones. The highest elevation of risk of cancer after cholecystectomy was at the shortest time interval after operation. Thereafter, the level of risk in the cholecystectomy and control cohorts gradually converged. The association in this study, between cholecystectomy and intestinal cancer, is very unlikely to be causal. Intestinal cancers are, on occasion, initially misdiagnosed as gallbladder disease.
Comparing public and private hospital care service quality in Turkey.

PURPOSE The aim of this article is to examine the differences in service quality between public and private hospitals in Turkey. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This study applies the principles behind the SERVQUAL model and compares Turkey's public and private hospital care service quality. The study sample contains a total of 200 outpatients. Through the identification of 40 service quality indicators and the use of a Likert-type scale, two questionnaires containing 80-items was developed. The former measured patients' expectations prior to admission to public and private hospital service quality. The latter measured patient perceptions of provided service quality. FINDINGS The results indicate that inpatients in the private hospitals were more satisfied with service quality than those in the public hospitals. The results also suggest that inpatients in the private hospitals were more satisfied with doctors, nurses and supportive services than their counterparts in the public hospitals. Finally, the results show that satisfaction with doctors and reasonable costs is the biggest determinants of service quality in the public hospitals. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Consequently, SERVQUAL, as a standard instrument for measuring functional service quality, is reliable and valid in a hospital environment.
Contextual Inhibitors of Employee Creativity in Organizations

This study highlights the importance of negative predictors of employee creativity. The authors identified a set of work environment characteristics that may inhibit employee creativity. Using data collected from 123 Canadian employees in various industries, the authors empirically tested the relationships between these inhibiting factors and peer-rated creative performance. Aversive leadership and unsupportive organizational climate were negatively related to creativity, whereas close monitoring was positively associated with creativity. Interaction analyses indicate that creative ability of employees may either enhance or attenuate the detrimental effects of inhibitory contextual factors. Complementing the existing studies that have largely focused on facilitators of creativity, the present study introduces a more balanced perspective to the organizational creativity literature by examining inhibitory contextual factors.
The effects of simple coupled volume geometry on the objective and subjective results from nonexponential decay

This project focuses on the individual and interactive acoustic effects of three architectural parameters on the double slope profile from a simple coupled volume system created in the computer modeling program ODEON. The three variables studied are the volume ratio between the main and secondary spaces, the absorption ratio between the two spaces, and aperture size. The resulting energy decay profiles are analyzed using T30∕T15 coupling coefficient ratios and Bayesian analysis. Coupling coefficient results show general trends in the effects of the three architectural parameters that match previous research results and the predominant interactive effect between the three variables involving a large coupled volume. Similar results are suggested by the Bayesian analysis based on the newly developed quantifiers, decay ratio and ΔdB, although a more complex relationship among the variables may exist at larger volume ratios. A subset of the simulated sound fields have been auralized and used to conduct psychoa.
Age Differences in the Temporal Dynamics of Letter Matching

Abstract Age differences were examined in 18 young and 18 older adults in performance for a sequential letter-matching task in which stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) was varied from 0.2 s to 7.5 s (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 7.5 s). The same-different matching task used Posner's Task (Posner & Mitchell, 1967), where both physical identity (e.g., A-A) and nominal identity matches (e.g., A-a) are considered same stimuli and where letters with different identities (e.g., A-B; A-b) are considered different. Results indicated that older adults were slower and made more errors than young adults did. Young and older adults both made more errors and responded more slowly at longer SOAs than at shorter SOAs. An Age × SOA interaction showed older adults' latencies to be more adversely affected than those of young adults by the longer SOAs. Letter-match condition affected performance, but neither age nor SOA interacted with type of letter match. These results suggest an age-related deficit in speed of delayed letter matc.
Affiliative and disaffiliative uses of you say x questions

This article explores a question format consisting of `you say' plus a version of what the co-participant has said, which is used to ask for confirmation of something said in an earlier sequence. Questions using this you say x format often request not only confirmation but also accounts and can, on occasions, be taken as challenging the interactional balance, that is, be treated as disaffiliative. The article investigates the sequential, prosodic and grammatical conditions for affiliative and disaffiliative uses of you say x questions and discusses the potential institution specificity of the phenomenon. It is found that the clearly disaffiliative you say x questions are parts of dispreferred and disaligning moves, that they have `marked' prosody, that they raise problems, and that they are most often prefaced by `objecting' particles. Affiliative you say x questions are aligning next sequences in environments where the focus is on information delivery. They have `unmarked' prosody and they contribute to getting information on record. You say x questions which call for accounts without being clearly disaffiliative, are also examined. Even though they often raise problematic issues, they are not sequentially disaligning and have less `marked' prosody than the disaffiliative cases.
Two Decades of POPSI, 1969-1988: A Literature Review

POPSI ― Postulate-based permuted subject indexing ― est un langage d'indexation qui a son origine dans la theorie generale de la classification de Ranganathan et son principe d'analyse des facettes. Cette revue retient les principales publications couvrant les vingt annees de son existence. Elle est divisee en sept sections: perspective historique, description, automatisation, application, evaluation, comparaison, avenir. (INTD)
Conflict on the treatment floor: an investigation of interpersonal conflict experienced by nurses

Nurse conflict has numerous detrimental outcomes for healthcare organisations, patients and nurses themselves. Although past literature has advanced general understanding of conflict and aggression, much of it is limited in its explanation of negative interactions between nurses themselves. To address this, we used a mixed-method approach to identify and describe characteristics of conflict between nurses using content analysis of qualitative descriptions and associated quantitative ratings from practicing registered nurses over 12 weeks of a weekly work experience survey administered online. We found six reliable themes describing the nature of nurse conflict including such characteristics as feeling unfairly treated, others’ irresponsible behaviours and work disagreement. Conflicts containing perceived unfair treatment as well as negative emotion and rude behaviour between nurses were rated very negatively. Results suggest that a comprehensive workplace conflict prevention strategy should include multiple types of policies tailored to address each aspect of nurse conflict. Our findings reinforce the idea that healthcare organisations seeking to reduce nurse conflict should pay attention to promoting fair and courteous treatment among nurses as well as adopt policies to improve features of the work environment such as staffing and training.
Questions on Life Satisfaction (FLZM) - A Short Questionnaire for Assessing Subjective Quality of Life

Summary: A short questionnaire for assessing general and health-related quality of life is presented. Test construction and psychometric evaluation are described and recent findings obtained with the instrument reported and plans for developing additional modules outlined. Questions on Life SatisfactionModules (in the original German: FLZM, Fragen zur LebenszufriedenheitModule) combines three features: economy, modular structure, and individual weighting of items. The questionnaire consists of two 8-item modules, “General Life Satisfaction” and “Satisfaction with Health. ” The respondent rates each items twice, once for the subjective importance of the aspects of life or health addressed, and once for the degree of satisfaction in that area. The two ratings are combined into a “weighted satisfaction” score. The total score is the sum of these eight scores. Norms for Germany and Spain have been established. Data for patients from different diagnostic groups in Germany are also available. The work in progres.
Provisional notes on the postcolony

Abstract The exercise of power in African states since independence—generalised here under the term the ‘postcolony’—has been marked by a liking for ceremonial and by an exhibitionism that is the more remarkable seeing how illusory are the states’ practical achievements. Furthermore, power is exercised with a degree of violence and naked exploitation that has its antecedents in previous colonial regimes. People's response is a ribaldry that revels in the obscene. The general question is why this power, despite its obvious limitations, is seemingly so effective. More specifically, why does the population apparently collude with its government; how can it laugh at the antics of its rulers and yet at the same time join in celebrating them? The argument put forward here along with evidence mainly from Cameroon and Togo is that, if analysis focuses on the detailed processes and rituals of collusion, it becomes clear that there is an intimacy, an almost domestic familiarity, in the relationship between ruler and ruled which effectively disarms both and turns power-play into performance. Résumé L'exercise du pouvoir dans les états africains depuis l'lndépendance—généralisée ici sous le terme de “post-colonisation”—a été marqué par un penchant pour les cérémonies et par un esprit d'apparat plus surprenant quand Ton considère le caractère et combien illusoire sont des grands travaux réalisés par ces états. De plus, le pouvoir est appliqué a un degré de violence et de pure exploitation dont l'on trouve les antécedents dans les précédents résgimes coloniaux. Le peuple réagit par la voie de l'indécence qui s'exprime dans des festivités obscènes. La question générate est de comprendre la raison pour laquelle ce pouvoir, en dépit de ses limites évidentes, a semble-t-il autant de portée. Et plus précisement, pourquoi la population joue-t-elle apparemment le jeu de son gouvernement? Comment peut-elle à la fois se moquer des simagrées de ses gouvernants et toutefois prendre part à leur célébration? L'argumentation soutenue ici, d'après les faits tirés principalement du Cameroon et du Togo, explique que, si l'on centre l'analyse sur les precédés détaillés et les rituels de cette concertation, il devient clair qu'il se produit une intimité, un lien presque familial, dans la relation entre gouvernants et gouvernés, ce qui désarme emcacement les deux camps et met le jeu du pouvoir en représentation.
Group Level Interpretations of Probability: New Directions

In this article, I present some new group level interpretations of probability, and champion one in particular: a consensus-based variant where group degrees of belief are construed as agreed upon betting quotients rather than shared personal degrees of belief. One notable feature of the account is that it allows us to treat consensus between experts on some matter as being on the union of their relevant background information. In the course of the discussion, I also introduce a novel distinction between intersubjective and interobjective interpretations of probability.
A Contingency View of the Effects of Cognitive Diversity on Team Performance

We examined the moderating roles of team psychological safety and relationship conflict on the relationship between two forms of team cognitive diversity—expertise and expertness diversity—and team performance. We found that when team psychological safety was lower, rather than higher, expertise diversity was more negatively related to team performance, but conversely, expertness diversity was more positively related to team performance. When team relationship conflict was lower, rather than higher, expertness diversity was more positively related to team performance. Our findings advance a contingency view of the effects of cognitive diversity on team performance and suggest several implications for theory and practice.
Lifestyles of belief: narrative and culture in a retirement community

This paper examines the culture and narratives occurring in a purpose-built retirement community. It is argued that in order to understand the effects that such a community can have on wellbeing, it is necessary to analyse the interaction of a variety of interweaving narratives used to sustain a secure micro-cultural base. These narratives include formal representations, daily life as experienced by tenants and imaginative associations within community culture. Retirement communities for older people have been represented as containing the positive features of both residential care and neighbourhood life. They have also been criticised as promoting exclusivity and negative attitudes to outsiders. Tenants reported experiences of a high level of interdependence and peer support. They saw the community as a positive alternative to nursing homes, continued residence in their local neighbourhoods and reliance on family support. It was found that this retirement community was perceived to have a positive effect on wellbeing which was attributed to peer culture and was sustained by imaginative narratives of miracle and progress. However, certain groups were excluded from this dominant reading.
Don't You Know Me Well Enough Yet? Comparing Reactions of Internal and External Candidates to Employment Testing

Employment tests, once primarily focused on screening external applicants, are increasingly used for decisions involving internal candidates (e.g., promotions or lateral transfers). The current study examines differences between internal and external candidates in reactions to an online selection test. Results indicate that internal candidates perceived a general lack of advance information regarding the assessment. However, they were considerably more likely to recommend the organization to others as compared with external candidates. Candidate status also moderated several reactions–outcomes relationships. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for organizations and directions for future research on internal candidate reactions are proposed.