Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Story of "Hope": Successful Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

The client Hope provides a good example of a very positive outcome from sustained, multifaceted psychotherapy with a 30-year-old woman presenting with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), fear of flying, panic disorder without agoraphobia, nightmare disorder, and a childhood history of separation anxiety disorder. Based on ratings at the beginning of therapy and end of therapy on a structured, self-report instrument, and relative to other, similar clients in my practice and as reported in research studies, Hope achieved a very successful result after 103 sessions of psychotherapy during a period of about two and a half years, and she maintained her gains during one-year follow-up. Specifically, Hope achieved a treatment effect size (ES) of 3.95 at termination and of 3.81 at one-year follow-up, compared with a mean ES of 1.65 at termination for OCD clients in my practice, and compared with mean ESs ranging from 1.12 to 1.56 as reported in meta-analyses of OCD clients in randomized clinical trials. This case study report presents both a systematic, qualitative description of the case together with an illustration of how an individual case in a private practice can be quantitatively compared with other, similar cases seen by the same therapist and with similar, research cases reported in the literature. The case study is intended to illustrate an integration of two sets of recommendations about therapy practice that I endorse from the American Psychological Association's Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Divisions, namely, recommendations for the use of empirically supported treatments and for the use of empirically supported therapy relationships, respectively.
In the RyR2R4496C Mouse Model of CPVT, &bgr;-Adrenergic Stimulation Induces Ca Waves by Increasing SR Ca Content and Not by Decreasing the Threshold for Ca Waves

Rationale: Mutations of the ryanodine receptor (RyR) cause catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). These mutations predispose to the generation of Ca waves and delayed afterdepolarizations during adrenergic stimulation. Ca waves occur when either sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca content is elevated above a threshold or the threshold is decreased. Which of these occurs in cardiac myocytes expressing CPVT mutations is unknown. Objective: We tested whether the threshold SR Ca content is different between control and CPVT and how it relates to SR Ca content during &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation. Methods and Results: Ventricular myocytes from the RyR2 R4496C+/− mouse model of CPVT and wild-type (WT) controls were voltage-clamped; diastolic SR Ca content was measured and compared with the Ca wave threshold. The results showed the following. (1) In 1 mmol/L [Ca2+]o, &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol (1&mgr;mol/L) caused Ca waves only in R4496C. (2) SR Ca content and Ca wave threshold in R4496C were lower than those in WT. (3) &bgr;-Adrenergic stimulation increased SR Ca content by a similar amount in both R4496C and WT. (4) &bgr;-Adrenergic stimulation increased the threshold for Ca waves. (5) During &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation in R4496C, but not WT, the increase of SR Ca was sufficient to reach threshold and produce Ca waves. Conclusions: In the R4496C CPVT model, the RyR is leaky, and this lowers both SR Ca content and the threshold for waves. &bgr;-Adrenergic stimulation produces Ca waves by increasing SR Ca content and not by lowering threshold.
A Gendered Critique of the Copreneurial Business Partnership

This article explores the gender dynamics of a copreneurial relationship in which the normative gendered order is transposed such that the female partner acts as the lead entrepreneur. This transposition is analysed as an ideological dilemma, given the tensions arising from the conflicting gendered spousal positioning within the business and marital relationships. Drawing on this evidence, the authors explore how entrepreneurship both reflects and reproduces prevailing gendered relationships. Theoretically, the paper contributes to emerging critiques questioning entrepreneurship as a socioeconomic site of agentic emancipation using the conceptual lens of a gendered ideological dilemma.
A Framework for the Volumetric Integration of Depth Images

Volumetric models have become a popular representation for 3D scenes in recent years. One of the breakthroughs leading to their popularity was KinectFusion, where the focus is on 3D reconstruction using RGB-D sensors. However, monocular SLAM has since also been tackled with very similar approaches. Representing the reconstruction volumetrically as a truncated signed distance function leads to most of the simplicity and efficiency that can be achieved with GPU implementations of these systems. However, this representation is also memory-intensive and limits the applicability to small scale reconstructions. Several avenues have been explored for overcoming this limitation. With the aim of summarizing them and providing for a fast and flexible 3D reconstruction pipeline, we propose a new, unifying framework called InfiniTAM. The core idea is that individual steps like camera tracking, scene representation and integration of new data can easily be replaced and adapted to the needs of the user. Along with the framework we also provide a set of components for scalable reconstruction: two implementations of camera trackers, based on RGB data and on depth data, two representations of the 3D volumetric data, a dense volume and one based on hashes of subblocks, and an optional module for swapping subblocks in and out of the typically limited GPU memory.
Temporal representations with cochlear implants.

OBJECTIVE To record and characterize intracochlear evoked potentials (EPs) for a variety of electrical stimuli in studies with cochlear implant patients. METHODS Recordings were made with patients having direct percutaneous access to their implanted electrodes. Intracochlear voltages were recorded via unstimulated electrodes. The stimuli included trains of identical pulses, with pulse rates ranging from 100 to 4065/s, and a modulated pulse train produced by a single-channel speech processor, with the pulse rate of 824/s. RESULTS Magnitudes of EPs for each pulse in trains of identical pulses were uniform for pulse rates below about 200/s. For rates between about 400 and 1000/s, an alternating pattern of EP magnitudes was observed, with relatively large EPs following the odd-numbered pulses. For rates between about 1000 and 3000/s, more complex patterns were observed. After the first millisecond of each train at even higher rates, uniform EPs again were observed across pulses, although the absolute magnitude of the EPs was much lower than that observed for low rates of stimulation. The approximate rates corresponding to boundaries between these different regions varied among subjects and among electrodes within subjects. EP magnitudes for the modulated pulse train reflected the gross periodicity of the modulation waveform but did not reflect temporal details within the periods. CONCLUSIONS Population responses of the human auditory nerve, as indicated by EP magnitudes, reflect the amplitudes of electrical pulses for pulse rates below about 200/s and above about 3000/s. Use of intermediate rates may introduce distortions in the transmission of stimulus information with cochlear implants.
Optimization of Hydrolysis Conditions for the Production of Iron-Binding Peptides from Mackerel Processing Byproducts

The aim of this study was focused on optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions for the production of iron-binding peptides from marine mackerel processing byproducts. The marine mackerel processing byproducts protein were hydrolyzed using trypsin, Protamex, Flavourzyme, Alcalase and Neutrase. Alcalase and Protamex proteolytic hydrolysates exhibited the highest iron-binding capacity; however, Alcalase proteolytic hydrolysate had higher degree of hydrolysis than that of Protamex. A four-factor-three-level composition central design experiment in response surface methodology was used to optimize the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of Alcalase. The optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were temperature of 46.0°C, time of 2.01 h, pH 8.35 and enzyme to substrate 6460 U/mL. The quadratic model predicted well about the actual measured value. The average iron-binding capacity of three verification experiment was 6.62 mg-EDTA/g-protein, which was much closed to model predicted value of 6.69 mg-EDTA/g-protein.
Deep Learning for Image-Based Localization Deep Learning für bildbasierte

“Where was this image taken? ” is an intriguing question that has been posed in the literature and is of interest for many applications, from localization of smartphone images to automatic geo-tagging on an online photo platform. Traditional content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems typically localize images with a pipeline based on hand-crafted feature descriptors such as SIFT. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), on the other hand, can be trained end-to-end to learn appropriate features from training data. CNNs have been very successful on many computer vision tasks such as image classification, optical flow prediction, and image superresolution. Recent neural network models such as PoseNet and PlaNet have considered localization of images as regression or classification tasks. In this thesis, we investigate two different approaches for image-based localization. In the first approach, we improve upon PoseNet’s idea of performing pose regression in a specific localization area. In particular, we introduce a neural network model based on PoseNet and LSTMs for single-image regression, and extend this approach to regression from sequences of images. In a second approach, we train a Siamese network on pairs of images that have been taken at nearby locations. The resulting network has the advantage that it is not limited to a specific localization area. We evaluate our models on the Cambridge Landmarks datasets, an indoor dataset from Deutsches Museum, and the well-known Dubrovnik dataset. We obtain at least competitive, but often outperforming results on most datasets.
The Efficacy and Cost of Aprotinin in Children Undergoing Reoperative Open Heart Surgery

We performed a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to assess the efficacy of aprotinin in 61 children (median age 3.7 yr) undergoing reoperative open heart surgery (OHS). Three demographically similar groups were studied: large-dose aprotinin (ALD), small-dose aprotinin (ASD), and placebo (P). Over the first 24 postoperative hours fewer patients in the aprotinin groups received packed red cells (ALD, 53%; ASD, 89%; and P, 95%; P = 0.001), platelets (ALD, 32%; ASD, 50%; and P, 65%; P = 0.04), and fresh frozen plasma (ALD, 16%; ASD, 17%; and P, 60%; P = 0.003) than placebo patients. Most importantly, aprotinin patients had fewer exposures to banked blood components (ALD, median 1 U; and ASD, median 2 U) than P (median 6 U; P = 0.001), with no difference in overall complication rate. Use of aprotinin was associated with a savings in the patient charges for blood components, operating room time, and duration of hospitalization. In conclusion, aprotinin decreased the number of units of banked blood components used during the first 24 postoperative hours in reoperative pediatric OHS. Aprotinin thus decreases the risks associated with exposure to banked blood components and reduces hospital charges. (Anesth Analg 1996;83:1193-9)
Value-Based Policy Teaching with Active Indirect Elicitation

Many situations arise in which an interested party's utility is dependent on the actions of an agent; e.g., a teacher is interested in a student learning effectively and a firm is interested in a consumer's behavior. We consider an environment in which the interested party can provide incentives to affect the agent's actions but cannot otherwise enforce actions. In value-based policy teaching, we situate this within the framework of sequential decision tasks modeled by Markov Decision Processes, and seek to associate limited rewards with states that induce the agent to follow a policy that maximizes the total expected value of the interested party. We show value-based policy teaching is NP-hard and provide a mixed integer program formulation. Focusing in particular on environments in which the agent's reward is unknown to the interested party, we provide a method for active indirect elicitation wherein the agent's reward function is inferred from observations about its response to incentives. Experimental results suggest that we can generally find the optimal incentive provision in a small number of elicitation rounds.
Attributional Processes and Effects in Promotional Situations

Three questions regarding attribution theory's application to marketing are discussed: 1) Are attributions evoked by consumers? 2) What model best explains their behavior? 3) Can they increase the perceived source credibility? An experiment exploring these issues suggests that consumers do evoke attributions when processing promotional messages, and they appear to mediate perceived credibility.
Social capital development among ethnic minorities in mixed and separate sport clubs

During the past few decades, policymakers have had increasing expectations of sport in relation to the social integration of ethnic minorities. From a policy perspective, mixed organized sport is often advocated in order to bring people of diverse cultures in contact with each other which, in turn, is believed to foster interethnic tolerance and solidarity. At the same time, there is the perception that separate organized sport impedes the integration of ethnic minorities. However, there is little empirical underpinning to verify that a mixed organized sport context offers more opportunities in generating social capital among its members in comparison with a separate sport context. By using Putnam's theory on bridging and bonding social capital as a theoretical framework, this study was aimed to examine to what extent social capital is created in both mixed and separate sport clubs among ethnic minorities in Flanders (Belgium). The findings could not support the common belief that a mixed organized sport context offers more social integrative potential to its members compared with a separate sport context. The research suggests that both types of contexts offer the opportunity to acquire social capital. Simultaneously, both forms produce different social capital. Mixed sport club members indicated more that they learnt to make contact with others, became self-confident and learnt about other ethnic groups, while members of separate sport clubs appeared to have more personal non-sport-related conversations with other members and helped each other more often outside the sporting context.
Dynamic Pricing in Airline Seat Management for Flights with Multiple Flight Legs

Consider a multiple bo oking class airline-seat inventory control problem that relates to either a single flight leg or to multiple flight legs. During the time before the flight, the airline may face the problems of (1) what are the suitable prices for the opened booking classes, and (2) when to close those opened booking classes. This work deals with these two problems by only using the pricing policy. In this paper, a dynamic pricing model is developed in which the demand for tickets is modeled as a discrete time stochastic process. An important result of this work is that the strategy for the ticket booking policy can be reduced to sets of critical decision periods, which eliminates the need for large amounts of data storage.
Individual Values of Mexico’s New Centurions: Will Police Recruits Implement Community-Based Changes?

This article explores one element of community-oriented policing: the need to recruit police officers who will act as agents of change for the community. Using the Rokeach theory of human values, this article reports the findings of a class of police recruits in Mexico City and addresses the prospects for the future success of Mexican community-based police reforms. The value patterns of these recruits suggest that, like their northern counterparts, those who choose to enter the police profession may do so with a consistent conservative set of values that may be anathema to instituting community-oriented policing.
Studies on the Effect of an Electroplating Factory Effluent on the Germination and Growth of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) & Egg-plant (Solanum melongena)

The effect of electroplating factory effluent at different dilutions (such as 0.0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.00%) on the germination, growth and nutrient concentration in Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and Egg-plant (Solanum melongena) was studied in an urban soil of Aligarh District of Uttar Pradesh. The results indicated that the germination of both the plant was delayed with increase of effluent concentration. The effluent tolerance limit of tomato and Egg-plant was found to be 2.50 and 3.00 % respectively beyond which the germination was not occurred under the experimental conditions of the study. The major nutrient concentration in both the plants decreases with increase in effluent concentration except in the case of Na in tomato and K in Egg- plants where it was found to be increased. The micronutrients concentration was increased at initial increase in effluent concentration up to 1.00% and then decreases except in the case of Cu and Mn in tomato and Mn in egg- plant. The dry matter yield of tomato and egg-plant was found to be steadily decreases with increase in effluent concentration. The heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, As and Co were not detectable in both the plants.
Case Series Outcome Evaluation of Early Placed Maxillary Anterior Single-Tooth Implants Using Objective Esthetic Criteria : A Cross-Sectional , Retrospective Study in 45 Patients With a 2-to 4-Year Follow-Up Using Pink and White Esthetic Scores

Background: To validate the concept of early implant placement for use in the esthetically sensitive anterior maxilla, clinical trials should ideally include objective esthetic criteria when assessing outcome parameters. Methods: In this cross-sectional, retrospective 2to 4-year study involving 45 patients treated with maxillary anterior single-tooth implants according to the concept of early implant placement, a novel comprehensive index, comprising pink esthetic score and white esthetic score (PES/WES; the highest possible combined score is 20), was applied for the objective esthetic outcome assessment of anterior single-tooth implants. Results: All 45 anterior maxillary single-tooth implants fulfilled strict success criteria for dental implants with regard to osseointegration, including the absence of peri-implant radiolucency, implant mobility, suppuration, and pain. The mean total PES/WES was 14.7 – 1.18 (range: 11 to 18). The mean total PES of 7.8 – 0.88 (range: 6 to 9) documents favorable overall peri-implant soft tissue conditions. The two PES variables facial mucosa curvature (1.9 – 0.29) and facial mucosa level (1.8 – 0.42) had the highest mean values, whereas the combination variable root convexity/soft tissue color and texture (1.2 – 0.53) proved to be the most difficult to fully satisfy. Mean scores were 1.6 – 0.5 for the mesial papilla and 1.3 – 0.5 for the distal papilla. A mean value of 6.9 – 1.47 (range: 4 to 10) was calculated for WES. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that anterior maxillary single-tooth replacement, according to the concept of early implant placement, is a successful and predictable treatment modality, in general, and from an esthetic point of view, in particular. The suitability of the PES/WES index for the objective outcome assessment of the esthetic dimension of anterior single-tooth implants was confirmed. However, prospective clinical trials are needed to further validate and refine this index. J Periodontol 2009;80:140-151.
Gender Differences in Children's and Adolescents' Career Aspirations

Career choices and their relation to personal and family background variables were studied in a sample of 148 children (68 females and 80 males) at two points in time: when the participants were between 8 and 13 years of age (Phase 1) and approximately S years later, when they were between 13 and 18 years of age (Phase 2). Male andfemale respondents during both phases chose largely nonoverlapping careers. Boys' choices were heavily gender-stereotyped during both developmental periods. In contrast over one quarter of the females during Phase 1 and close to one half during Phase 2 chose male-dominated occupations. Boys' ideal and realistic career choices did not differ in the degree to which they were gender-typed. Girls'realistic career nominations, however, included a significantly higher percentage of female incumbents in the labor force than did their ideal choices. Gender differences in career choices were not accompanied by differences in several family background and personal variables except for the desire to parent a child and pursue a full-time career.
The Family Liaison Position in High-Poverty, Urban Schools

This study examined the roles and responsibilities of family liaisons working in urban schools with enrollments characterized by high poverty, high mobility, and ethnic diversity. Results indicated that the major responsibilities of the liaisons were creating a trusting and welcoming environment, facilitating parent involvement in the school, keeping parents informed on school-related topics, and connecting parents with resources. During job shadows, family liaisons were primarily observed coordinating parent involvement activities, interacting with students, performing routine office tasks, and carrying out other duties as assigned (e.g., cafeteria supervision). To increase their effectiveness, the liaisons requested greater job clarity, more flexibility in their formal work hours, and less time spent on other duties as assigned. In general, it appeared that the family liaisons investigated in this study placed a stronger emphasis on creating a welcoming environment and establishing trust than has been found in research on family liaisons in more affluent communities.
Multi-Level Discovery of Deep Options

Augmenting an agent's control with useful higher-level behaviors called options can greatly reduce the sample complexity of reinforcement learning, but manually designing options is infeasible in high-dimensional and abstract state spaces. While recent work has proposed several techniques for automated option discovery, they do not scale to multi-level hierarchies and to expressive representations such as deep networks. We present Discovery of Deep Options (DDO), a policy-gradient algorithm that discovers parametrized options from a set of demonstration trajectories, and can be used recursively to discover additional levels of the hierarchy. The scalability of our approach to multi-level hierarchies stems from the decoupling of low-level option discovery from high-level meta-control policy learning, facilitated by under-parametrization of the high level. We demonstrate that using the discovered options to augment the action space of Deep Q-Network agents can accelerate learning by guiding exploration in tasks where random actions are unlikely to reach valuable states. We show that DDO is effective in adding options that accelerate learning in 4 out of 5 Atari RAM environments chosen in our experiments. We also show that DDO can discover structure in robot-assisted surgical videos and kinematics that match expert annotation with 72% accuracy.