Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderating Effects of Distrust and Social Influence on Aesthetic Experience of Augmented Reality: Motivation--Opportunity--Ability Model Perspective

Augmented Reality (AR) applications have been actively developed by numerous tourism institutions or organizations around the world in order to provide tourists with unique and memorable experience. Tourists can be physically and virtually immersed in tourism sites with aesthetic experience provided by AR application. However, AR applications are cutting-edge technology and consequently tourists have to undergo some annoying process in order to use it. Thus, not enough motivation, opportunity and ability of tourists can be barriers to enhancing aesthetic experience. So we adopted Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) model in order to assessing the predictors of aesthetic experience. Further, assuming that the relationship between MOA and aesthetic experience can be moderated by negative perception about technology and extrinsic influence, we adopted distrust of technology and social influence as moderating variables. The results show that only (intrinsic) motivation (enjoyment) and ability (self-efficacy) have effects on aesthetic experience. Distrust of technology showed that it moderates the relationship between ability (self-efficacy) and aesthetic experience. Based on these key findings, we present theoretical and practical implications with suggestions for future research.
Self recognition in allogeneic thymic chimeras. Self recognition by T helper cells from thymus-engrafted nude mice is restricted to the thymic H-2 haplotype

To examine the possibility that the thymus determines the I region- restricted self-recognition repertoire expressed by T helper (TH) cells, thymic chimeras were constructed by transplanting allogeneic neonatal thymic lobes into congenitally athymic nude mice. Spleen TH cells from the thymic chimeras were themselves of nude host origin but only cooperated with B+ accessory cells of the thymic haplotype for primary in vitro responses to sheep erythrocytes and trinitrophenyl conjugate of keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Thus, these experiments demonstrate that the self-recognition repertoire expressed by TH cells is determined by the H-2 phenotype of the intrathymic environment in which the TH cells had differentiated.
A Data-driven Approach to Studying Given Names and their Gender and Ethnicity Associations

Studying the structure of given names and how they associate with gender and ethnicity is an interesting research topic that has recently found practical uses in various areas. Given the paucity of annotated name data, we develop and make available a new dataset containing 14k given names. Using this dataset, we take a datadriven approach to this task and achieve up to 90% accuracy for classifying the gender of unseen names. For ethnicity identification, our system achieves 83% accuracy. We also experiment with a feature analysis method for exploring the most informative features for this task.
Skill effort: A new theoretical perspective on the relation between skills, skill use, mismatches, and wages

Mismatches between workers’ skills and job demands have large negative effects on productivity, job satisfaction, and other outcomes. Current approaches to measure the impact of skills and skill mismatches on wages fail to specify the mechanism through which skills and mismatches may affect productivity. In this paper, we develop a new perspective by integrating skill proficiency and skill use into a new concept called skill effort. Skill effort is defined as a multiplicative function of skill proficiency and skill use. The intuitive understanding of this concept is that a skill can have no effect on productivity if it is not used and, vice versa, use of a skill is moderated by the skill proficiency level. The new concept is firmly rooted in use-it-or-lose-it, engagement, and self-efficacy theories and has a parallel in previous theories on performance. The theoretical breakthrough is that the concept of skill effort explicitly specifies the mechanism through which skills affect wages. Standard wage models (whether based on educational or skill variables) do not explicitly take this mechanism into account. In the skill effort model, skills can only affect wages if they are put to productive use. In the paper we show that this is indeed the case: there is no effect of proficiency level on wages, other than through the use of these skills. In the paper we use this concept to develop a skill matching model using data on numeracy proficiency from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies. We apply a realized matches approach to turn the skill effort model into three components: the effect of required skill effort, the effect of overperformance and the effect of underperformance. This model explains 29% of the variance in wages, which is much higher than the 23% found in alternative skill mismatch models. Moreover it not much lower than a standard educational mismatch model that explains 31% of the variance in wages. As education imparts more skills than just numeracy, this is in fact an indication that the developed skill mismatch model is very good. We discuss remaining issues on the measurement of this concept and present different ways to address them.
A comparative study on the effect of integrin subunits beta one and beta three on osteoblast implant interactions

Background: Implant surface features affect bone formation and adherent cellular activities. Integrin transmembrane receptors has emerged as central regulators of cell biomaterial interactions. Aim: To compare and contrast the effect of integrin beta 1 and beta 3 subunits on initial interaction of osteoblast like cells with titanium surfaces of different surface topographies. Materials and Methods: CpTi disks were prepared to produce two different surface topographies, smooth (turned) and micro-rough (sand blasted and acid etched). MC3T3-E1 cells were used and they were pretreated with either antibeta 1/antibeta 3 monoclonal antibodies or IgG control. Cells were plated on the disks for 24 hours then RT2 ProfilerTM PCR Arrays were used to quantify the expression of a panel of osteogenesis related genes. Moreover, adherent cells were fixed at 2, 4, and 24 hours on the disks for SEM evaluation of the different experimental groups. Number of total, spread, and round cells were measured on three random areas per each disk and mean number of cells were calculated for statistical comparisons. Furthermore, SEM images were made at higher magnification for subjective evaluation. Results: 1. Mean numbers of total and spread cells were significantly higher on the control group in comparison to the antibeta 1 or antibeta 3 groups which were not significantly different. 2. Large number of genes related to osteogenesis showed significant difference in mRNA fold induction. Differences were both surface and treatment dependant. Conclusions: 1. Blocking integrin-beta 1 and integrinbeta 3 subunits with antibodies has an inhibitory effect on osteoblast like cell binding, and spreading to CP titanium surfaces in vitro. 2. Both beta 1 and beta 3 integrins are involved in mediating surface specific changes.
Investigating the determinants of Big Data Analytics (BDA) adoption in Asian emerging economies

Big Data Analytics (BDA), being an emerging technology, is used in many echelons of business and management. Extant research lack focus on the factors that impact the organizational adoption of this technology. Organizations need to assimilate it in a full-scale and deep level to fully realize its benefits and therefore worthy of study. Present paper, drawing upon Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, proposes and investigates the determinants that influence BDA adoption in context of the firms from two big emerging economies of Asia –China and India. Data collected from 106 organizations is tested and the results and implications contribute to understanding of the determinants affecting BDA adoption.
‘Everyone thought I was a very very bad person… no one want to know you like the nurses and doctors’: using focus groups to elicit the views of adults with learning disability who use challenging behaviour services

Accessible summary We wanted to find out what adults with learning disabilities who receive challenging behaviour services thought about challenging behaviour and the services they receive. We met with people in small groups and talked with them about challenging behaviour. There were barriers to attending the groups like services not having enough staff or transport. People in the groups told us what they thought of words like challenging behaviour, what they understood about challenging behaviour services, and what it was like meeting with them. AbstractBackground Following scandals such as Winterbourne view, Department of Health, (A national response to Winterbourne View Hospital, 2012) seeks changes in challenging behaviour services. A key part of this change is ensuring people with learning disabilities who use challenging behaviour services have more personalised support and their voices are heard. Materials and Methods This article describes a study that used focus groups to explore challenging behaviour and challenging behaviour services with people with learning disabilities who used community-based challenging behaviour services. We analysed the focus groups using thematic analysis. Results We found three main themes: Engaging with service terminology: the language of Challenging Behaviour; Locating and Framing behaviour; and Engaging with Professionals. Conclusion People with learning disabilities who receive challenging behaviour services are able to participate in focus groups and tell us about their experiences. Further consideration is required concerning how people with learning disabilities experience their engagement with challenging behaviour services. This study has led to a larger study currently in progress.
EFECTOS DEL CESPED ARTIFICIAL Y LA GRAMA NATURAL SOBRE EL RENDIMIENTO FÍSICO Y TÉCNICO DE LOS JUGADORES PROFESIONALES DE FÚTBOL

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of artificial turf (AT) and natural grass (NG) on the physical and technical performance of professional soccer players. A total of 17 healthy male soccer players (24.0 ± 4.1 years, height 174 ± 6.1 cm; body weight 73.4 ± 6.3 kg; body fat % 14.2 ± 2.3; VO2max 55.5 ± 5.3 ml/kg/min) from a Costa Rican Professional Soccer League club were subjected to different tests in both types of surfaces (technical test, agility test, repeated sprint ability test, and a small-sided game [8 minutes, 32 x 32 meters, 5 vs. 5]). Players were monitored using a GPS in two sessions, separated by 48 hours, during the club’s pre-season. There were no significant differences between the two types of surfaces for the technical, agility, and repeated sprint ability tests. The physiological and kinematic variables analyzed during the small-sided game presented significant differences in average heart rate (NG = 168.5 ± 8.8, AT = 154.8 ± 11.8, p <.001), maximum heart rate (NG = 183.2 ± 8.3, AT = 175.9 ± 10.4, p =.02), body load (NG = 34.3 ± 11.2, AT = 30.5 ± 11.4, p =.03), and total impacts (NG = 230.1 ± 89.5, AT = 194. 8 ± 86.4, p=.03). It is concluded that playing on the natural grass surface caused more impact on physiological and perceived body load in players. In the case of technical variables, it is concluded that there were no statistically significant differences between the two types of surfaces (p <0.05).
Predictors of Cognitive Function Among Cognitively Impaired Older African Americans Living in Congregate Residential Settings

The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to identify potential psychosocial predictors of cognition, including social support, depression, and functional activity, among older African Americans, ≥ 65 years, with a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and living in congregate residential settings. Guided by the main effect model of social support, this study used existing data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set, an NIH-funded multicenter study. Results showed that on average, the participants (n=56) were 81.7 years of age with 13.8 years of education. All, but six, were married. Bivariate Pearson correlations indicate a moderately strong negative relationship between frequency of phone calls and functional activities (r= -.46, p<.01). On the other hand, there is a strong positive relationship between frequency of phone calls and cognition (r=.46, p<.05). For functional activity, there was a strong inverse relationship between IADLs and level of cognition (r= -.66, p<.01). Further results on hierarchical multiple regression suggest that the extent of social support F(9,46)=4.16, p<. 01, R=. 44, adjusted R=. 33, and level of functional activity F(8,47)=8.47, p<. 01, R=. 58, adjusted R=. 51 predicted level of cognition. Results of model testing suggest that social support explained 44% of the variance for level of cognition, while functional activity accounted for 58% of the variance for level of cognition. Results of the study have implications for future research, nursing practice, and policy that can benefit this population and their informal caregivers. Future research should consider the type of support and level of satisfaction and further investigate which functional activity items are greatly affected as the disease progresses to create culturally-tailored interventions.
Choice of antibody immunotherapy influences cytomegalovirus viremia in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE Simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation in type 1 diabetic patients requires immunotherapy against allo- and autoreactive T-cells. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause for morbidity after transplantation and is possibly related to recurrent autoimmunity. In this study, we assessed the pattern of CMV viremia in SPK transplant recipients receiving either antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or anti-CD25 (daclizumab) immunosuppressive induction therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 36 SPK transplant recipients from a randomized cohort that received either ATG or daclizumab as induction therapy. Patients at risk for CMV infection received oral prophylactic ganciclovir therapy. The CMV DNA level in plasma was measured for at least 180 days using a quantitative real-time PCR. Recipient peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cross-sectionally HLA tetramer-stained for CMV-specific CD8(+) T-cells. RESULTS Positive CMV serostatus in donors was correlated with a higher incidence of CMV viremia than negative serostatus. In patients at risk, daclizumab induction therapy significantly prolonged CMV-free survival. CMV viremia occurred earlier and was more severe in patients with rejection episodes than in patients without rejection episodes. CMV-specific CD8(+) T-cell counts were significantly lower in patients developing CMV viremia than in those who did not. CONCLUSIONS Despite their comparable immunosuppressive potential, daclizumab is safer than ATG regarding CMV infection risk in SPK transplantation. ATG-treated rejection episodes are associated with earlier and more severe infection. Furthermore, high CMV-specific tetramer counts reflect antiviral immunity rather than concurrent viremia because they imply low viremic activity. These findings may prove valuable in the discussion on both safety of induction therapy and recurrent autoimmunity in SPK and islet transplantation.
Visual Motion Responses in the Posterior Cingulate Sulcus: A Comparison to V5/MT and MST

Motion processing regions apart from V5+/MT+ are still relatively poorly understood. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to perform a detailed functional analysis of the recently described cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv) in the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex. We used distinct types of visual motion stimuli to compare CSv with V5/MT and MST, including a visual pursuit paradigm. Both V5/MT and MST preferred 3D flow over 2D planar motion, responded less yet substantially to random motion, had a strong preference for contralateral versus ipsilateral stimulation, and responded nearly equally to contralateral and to full-field stimuli. In contrast, CSv had a pronounced preference to 2D planar motion over 3D flow, did not respond to random motion, had a weak and nonsignificant lateralization that was significantly smaller than that of MST, and strongly preferred full-field over contralateral stimuli. In addition, CSv had a better capability to integrate eye movements with retinal motion compared with V5/MT and MST. CSv thus differs from V5+/MT+ by its unique preference to full-field, coherent, and planar motion cues. These results place CSv in a good position to process visual cues related to self-induced motion, in particular those associated to eye or lateral head movements.
A decrease in intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels is associated with higher mortality in prevalent hemodialysis patients

Background The mortality of dialysis patients is 10- to 100-fold higher than in the general population. Baseline serum PTH levels, and more recently, changes in serum PTH levels (ΔPTH) over time, have been associated to mortality in dialysis patients. Methods We explored the relationship between ΔPTH over 1 year with mortality over the next year in a prospective cohort of 115 prevalent hemodialysis patients from a single center that had median baseline iPTH levels within guideline recommendations. Results Median baseline iPTH levels were 205 (116.5, 400) pg/ml. ΔiPTH between baseline and 1 year was 85.2 ± 57.1 pg/ml. During the second year of follow-up, 27 patients died. ΔiPTH was significantly higher in patients who survived (+157.30 ± 25.82 pg/ml) than in those who died (+39.03 ± 60.95 pg/ml), while baseline iPTH values were not significantly different. The highest mortality (48%) was observed in patients with a decrease in ΔiPTH (ΔiPTH quartile 1, negative ΔiPTH) and the lowest (12%) mortality in quartile 3 ΔiPTH (ΔiPTH increase 101–300 pg/ml). In a logistic regression model, ΔiPTH was associated with mortality with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.998 (95% CI 0.996–0999, p = 0.038). In multivariable analysis, mortality risk was 73% and 88% lower for patients with ΔiPTH 0–100 pg/ml and 101–300 pg/ml, respectively, than for those with a decrease in ΔiPTH. In patients with a decrease in ΔiPTH, the OR for death was 4.131 (1.515–11.27)(p = 0.006). Conclusions In prevalent hemodialysis patients with median baseline iPTH values within the guideline recommended range, a decrease in ΔiPTH was associated with higher mortality. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms and therapeutic implications of this observation that challenges current clinical practice.
A Two-stage Sieve Approach for Quote Attribution

We present a deterministic sieve-based system for attributing quotations in literary text and a new dataset: QuoteLi3. Quote attribution, determining who said what in a given text, is important for tasks like creating dialogue systems, and in newer areas like computational literary studies, where it creates opportunities to analyze novels at scale rather than only a few at a time. We release QuoteLi3, which contains more than 6,000 annotations linking quotes to speaker mentions and quotes to speaker entities, and introduce a new algorithm for quote attribution. Our two-stage algorithm first links quotes to mentions, then mentions to entities. Using two stages encapsulates difficult sub-problems and improves system performance. The modular design allows us to tune for overall performance or higher precision, which is useful for many real-world use cases. Our system achieves an average F-score of 87.5 across three novels, outperforming previous systems, and can be tuned for precision of 90.4 at a recall of 65.1.
CEO Pay and Appointments: A Market-Based Explanation for Recent Trends

CEOs increased from an average of $700,000 in 1970 (in 2002-constant dollars) to over $2.2 million in 2000.1 During the same period, the ratio of CEO cash compensation to average pay for production workers increased from about 25 in 1970 to nearly 90 in 2000.2 The most prevalent explanation in the popular press for this trend is the "fat cat" theory, a variant of which has been espoused among academics by Lucian Bebchuk et al. (2002). 3 Accord-
Statistical Language Modeling for Automatic Speech Recognition of Agglutinative Languages

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems utilize statistical acoustic and language models to find the most probable word sequence when the speech signal is given. Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are used as acoustic models and language model probabilities are approximated using n-grams where the probability of a word is conditioned on n-1 previous words. The n-gram probabilities are estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation. One of the problems in n-gram language modeling is the data sparseness that results in non-robust probability estimates especially for rare and unseen n-grams. Therefore, smoothing is applied to produce better estimates for these n-grams. The traditional n-gram word language models are commonly used in state-of-the-art Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVSCR) systems. These systems result in reasonable recognition performances for languages such as English and French. For instance, broadcast news (BN) in English can now be recognized with about ten percent word error rate (WER) (NIST, 2000) which results in mostly quite understandable text. Some rare and new words may be missing in the vocabulary but the result has proven to be sufficient for many important applications, such as browsing and retrieval of recorded speech and information retrieval from the speech (Garofolo et al., 2000). However, LVCSR attempts with similar systems in agglutinative languages, such as Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian and Turkish so far have not resulted in comparable performance to the English systems. The main reason of this performance deterioration in those languages is their rich morphological structure. In agglutinative languages, words are formed mainly by concatenation of several suffixes to the roots and together with compounding and inflections this leads to millions of different, but still frequent word forms. Therefore, it is practically impossible to build a word-based vocabulary for speech recognition in agglutinative languages that would cover all the relevant words. If words are used as language modeling units, there will be many out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words due to using limited vocabulary sizes in ASR systems. It was shown that with an optimized 60K lexicon O pe n A cc es s D at ab as e w w w . in te ch w eb . o rg
Compressed-Domain Image Retrieval Based on Colour Visual Patterns

Image retrieval and image compression have been typically pursued separately. Only little research has been done on a synthesis of the two by allowing image retrieval to be performed directly in the compressed domain of images without the need to uncompress them first. In this chapter the authors show that such compressed domain image retrieval can indeed be done and lead to effective and efficient retrieval performance. They introduce a novel compression algorithm - colour visual pattern image coding (CVPIC) - and present several retrieval algorithms that operate directly on compressed CVPIC data. Their experiments demonstrate that it is not only possible to realise such midstream content access, but also that the presented techniques outperform standard retrieval techniques such as colour histograms and colour correlograms.