Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language and the Bicultural Self

In a study of bicultural individuals’ self-perceptions, Chinese-born students were randomly assigned to participate in either Chinese or English. Serving as controls, Canadian-born participants of either European or Chinese descent participated in English. The effects of the language manipulation paralleled findings in previous studies comparing East Asians to North Americans. Participants responding in Chinese reported more collective self-statements in open-ended self-descriptions, lower self-esteem on the Rosenberg scale, and more agreement with Chinese cultural views than did the remaining groups. In their self-descriptions, participants writing in Chinese provided similar numbers of favorable and unfavorable self-statements. The other groups reported more favorable self-statements. Participants reporting in Chinese indicated similar levels of positive and negative mood. The remaining groups reported more positive mood. The results suggest that East-Asian and Western identities may be stored in separate knowledge structures in bicultural individuals, with each structure activated by its associated language.
Family presence during trauma resuscitation: a survey of AAST and ENA members. American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. Emergency Nurses Association.

BACKGROUND The Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) has formally resolved that family presence (FP) during resuscitation and invasive procedures (TR) is the right of the patient and is beneficial for both patients and family members. Furthermore, FP during TR has been implemented at several trauma centers. Because this policy is controversial, a survey was conducted to assess the opinions of members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) and ENA in regard to FP. METHODS A survey instrument regarding FP during TR was mailed to the AAST membership (n = 813) and a random sampling (10%) of ENA members (n = 2,988). Questions regarding membership (AAST vs. ENA), age, gender, years in practice, trauma experience, the patient's right to FP during the primary survey, secondary survey, and invasive procedures, the potential effects of FP on trauma team function, and medicolegal implications were included in the survey. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed by analysis of variance and chi2 analysis, respectively. Responses to questions by using a Likert Scale for degree of agreement were analyzed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS A total of 1,629 (AAST, n = 368; ENA, n = 1,261) surveys were returned (43.4% response). There were 44 surveys returned as undeliverable (1.2%). The members of the AAST were older, more likely to be male, had been in practice longer, and had greater trauma experience when compared with ENA members (p < 0.001). More AAST than ENA members (97.8% vs. 80.2%) believed that FP during all phases of TR was inappropriate (p < 0.001). Fewer AAST members believed that FP was a patient right when compared with ENA members (p < 0.0001). The AAST members were more likely to believe FP interfered with patient care and increased the stress of trauma team members (p < 0.0001). The majority of AAST and ENA members had experience with FP during TR (55.3 vs. 67.8%; p < 0.001). However, the impressions of their experiences were widely disparate, with 63.6% of ENA and only 17.5% of AAST members, indicating that the experience was beneficial (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Attitudes toward FP during TR are significantly different between AAST and ENA members. Because of these differences in opinion, implementation of an FP policy may create conflicts between trauma team members and may interfere with the effectiveness of the trauma team.
On the Problem of the Quantum Heterotic Vortex

We address the problem of non-Abelian super-QCD, with a Fayet-Iliopoulos term, as seen from the vortex worldsheet perspective. Together with the FI term ξ, also a mass μ for the adjoint superfield Φ enters in the game. This mass allows the interpolation between = 2 and = 1 super-QCD. While the phenomenology of the = 2 case (μ = 0) is pretty much understood, much remains to be clarified for the finite-μ case. We distinguish, inside the parameter space spanned by the FI term and the mass μ, four different corners where some quantitative statements can be made. These are the regions where the strong dynamics can, in some approximation, be quantitatively analyzed. We focus in particular on two questions: 1) Is the quantum vortex BPS or non-BPS? 2) What is the phase of the internal non-Abelian moduli? We find that the answer to these questions strongly depends upon the choice of the linear term in the superpotential. We also try to explain what happens in the most unexplored, and controversial, region of parameters, that of the quantum heterotic vortex, where Λ << ξ1/2 << μ.
Effects of air pollution on daily hospital admissions for respiratory disease in London between 1987-88 and 1991-92.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether air pollution levels in London have short term effects on hospital admissions for respiratory disease. DESIGN: Poisson regression analysis of daily counts of hospital admissions, adjusting for effects of trend, seasonal and other cyclical factors, day of the week, holidays, influenza epidemic, temperature, humidity, and autocorrelation. Pollution variables were particulates (black smoke: BS), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), lagged 0-3 days. SETTING AND PATIENTS: All immediate admissions for respiratory disease (ICD 460-519) to hospitals in London health districts in the five years April 1987 to February 1992 for all ages and the 0-14, 15-64, and 65+ age groups. MAIN RESULTS: O3 (lagged one day) was significantly associated with an increase in daily admissions among all age groups, except the 0-14 group, and this effect was stronger in the "warm" season (April-September). In this season, the relative risks of admission associated with an increase in 8 hour O3 levels of 29 ppb (10th to 90th centile) were 1.0483 (95% CI 1.0246, 1.0726), 1.0294 (0.9930,1.0672), 1.0751 (1.0354,1.1163), and 1.0616 (1.0243,1.1003) for all ages and age groups 0-14, 15-64, and 65+ respectively. Very few significant associations were observed with the other pollutants, though these tended to be positive. Controlling for other pollutants made little difference to the O3 coefficients. There was evidence of a threshold at about 40-60 ppb O3 (maximum hourly or maximum 8 hour). CONCLUSIONS: O3 levels in London have a small but significant effect on hospital admissions for respiratory disease at all ages. The possible role of aerollergen as a confounding factor needs to be examined. Unlike other cities where similar effects have been reported, little or no effect of particulates was observed in London.
GRAL: A Grouping Algorithm to Optimize Application Placement in Wireless Embedded Systems

Recent embedded middleware initiatives enable the structuring of an application as a set of collaborating agents deployed in the various sensing/actuating entities of the system. Of particular importance is the incurred cost due to agent communication which in terms depends on agent positions in the system. In this paper we present GRAL a grouping algorithm that migrates groups of agents with the aim of minimizing communication. The algorithm works in a distributed fashion based on knowledge available locally at each node and can be used both for one-shot initial application deployment and for the continuous updating of agent placement. Through simulation experiments under various scenarios we evaluate the algorithm, comparing the solution quality reached against the optimal obtained from exhaustive search.
Taxonomy of United States Leucochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

This paper is one of a projected series dealing with the taxonomy and identification of United States Chrysopidae. Both of our species of Leucochrysa prove to range well into the tropics, where the genus is diverse and abundant. Bickley and MacLeod 1956 discuss at length the history and possible validity of Allochrysa. Banks 1903 separated Allochrysa from Leucochrysa on the basis of its having a quadrangular rather than a triangular intramedian cell, despite the fact that L. varia, the type species of the genus, also has a quadrangular cell. This oversight was rectified by NavS,s 1917, who correctly synonymized Allochrysa with Leucochrysa, and erected the genus Nodita for the species with a triangular intranaedian cell, previously placed in Leucochrysa by Banks. Banks followed Nav.s’ usage for tropical species, but inexplicably continued referring all the U. S. species to Allochrysa. Bickley and MacLeod took a non-committal stand, justifying retention of Allochrysa by suggesting that characters might someday be found which show that these genera are distinct. My exanaination of many neotropical species has not turned up any such characters. Banks himself referred the Antillean population of L. insularis to Leucochrysa, and the United States population of the very same species to Allochrysa. There appears to be no basis whatever for the continued recognition of Allochrysa. It may be superfluous to point out that since L. insularis is the type species of both Protochrysopa Kolbe 1888 (by monotypy) and Allochrysa Banks 1903 (L. virginica, by original designation), these genera are synonymous. In the tropics, the genus Nodita merges with Leucochrysao Thus far, the only characters useful for its separation are the venational ones discussed by Banks 1945, which have proved variable and unreliable in many cases, as Banks himself was aware. An example
Dansk mediestøtte 1960-2014: Fra økonomisk kompensation til publicistisk motivation [Danish media subsidies 1960-2014: from economic compensation to publicist motivation]

The article describes the historical development of Danish press subsidies from the 1960s until the passing of the 2013 Law on Media Subsidies. By mapping the changes in legislation, the political discussions and parliamentary processes it is shown that the media political discourse has changed over the last 50 years. State subsidies for the private press have gone from being a controversial political issue in the beginning of the period to becoming a legitimate tool for regulation of the media. This development suggests a growing resemblance between the Danish media policy and the traditions in the neighbouring Scandinavian countries, where direct press subsidies and a higher degree of state regulation have prevailed since the 1970s. In a media system perspective (Hallin and Mancini, 2004) the increasing legitimacy of press subsidies can be seen as a political ‘brake pad’ limiting the convergence with the liberal model and strengthening the corporate-democratic structures of the Danish media system.
Combining Care Work and Paid Work

Demographic shifts mean that workers will increasingly face challenges of caring for ill or disabled family members. The authors use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Young Women to assess whether employed women are more likely to leave the labor force when they start care work and whether access to workplace policies alters these patterns. They found that, as with earlier cohorts, employed women are more likely to leave the labor force after they start care work. Workers in jobs that provide access to flexible hours, unpaid family leave, and paid sick or vacation days are more likely to remain employed and maintain work hours over a two-year period, but access to job benefits has little impact on women's distress. Although most policies do not provide additional benefits for employed caregivers than for other workers, unpaid family leave does increase their employment retention.
The SIT4 protein phosphatase functions in late G1 for progression into S phase

Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing temperature-sensitive mutations in the SIT4 protein phosphatase arrest in late G1 at the nonpermissive temperature. Order-of-function analysis shows that SIT4 is required in late G1 for progression into S phase. While the levels of SIT4 do not change in the cell cycle, SIT4 associates with two high-molecular-weight phosphoproteins in a cell-cycle-dependent fashion. In addition, we have identified a polymorphic gene, SSD1, that in some versions can suppress the lethality due to a deletion of SIT4 and can also partially suppress the phenotypic defects due to a null mutation in BCY1. The SSD1 protein is implicated in G1 control and has a region of similarity to the dis3 protein of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We have also identified a gene, PPH2alpha, that in high copy number can partially suppress the growth defect of sit4 strains. The PPH2 alpha gene encodes a predicted protein that is 80% identical to the catalytic domain of mammalian type 2A protein phosphatases but also has an acidic amino-terminal extension not present in other phosphatases.
HETEROGENEITY IN SOCIAL NETWORKS: A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MODELS LINKING RELATIONSHIPS TO PSYCHOLOGICAL OUTCOMES

We examined the utility of a broad conceptual framework that highlights the natural heterogeneity that exists in social networks. From this framework, we contrasted the positivity, negativity, outcome-specific, and ambivalence models in predicting psychological distress and well-being in 209 men and women using a cross-sectional design. Results revealed that the numbers of supportive and aversive ties were independent predictors of psychological distress and well-being. However, supportive ties were stronger predictors of psychological distress than aversive ties. The number of ambivalent ties was also an independent predictor of psychological distress compared to aversive ties. Consistent with our framework, failure to methodologically separate the co-occurring postivity and negativity in social relationships obscured associations between relationships and psychological outcomes. Conceptual and methodological implications of this general framework for the study of social networks and mental health are discussed. The quality and quantity of one’s social relationships have been reliably related to mental and physical health outcomes (Berkman, 1995; Cohen,
A Mediation Model of Professional Psychological Help Seeking for Suicide Ideation among Asian American and White American College Students

This study examined professional psychological help seeking among 1,045 White American and Asian American students from 70 U.S. colleges and universities who had seriously considered attempting suicide. The authors found that Asian American college students had lower rates of professional psychological help seeking for their suicide ideation than White American college students. Guided by social network perspectives on professional psychological help seeking, the authors also tested mediators of this racial disparity. Relative to White Americans, Asian Americans were advised by fewer people (especially fewer family members) to seek professional help, which was, in turn, associated with lower rates of professional psychological help seeking for suicide ideation. These findings underscore the importance of gatekeeping as a suicide prevention strategy for Asian American college students.
Self‐assessment processes: the importance of follow‐up for success

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on self‐assessment processes and to identify the difficulties, benefits and success factors of the European Foundation for Quality Management self‐assessment model, analysing the importance of follow‐up.Design/methodology/approach – First, the paper carries out a literature review on self‐assessment, and then it uses the case study methodology based on ten services provided by a public university in Spain to identify difficulties, benefits and success factors of self‐assessment.Findings – The findings show, first, what the literature suggests on self‐assessment in general and for higher education, and second, the difficulties, benefits and success factors and the importance of follow‐up for successful self‐assessment.Originality/value – The paper provides a literature review on self‐assessment and lessons for managers from other universities, or other public sector organisations, who wish to know the difficulties, benefits and success factors.
Effect of aphasia on acute stroke outcomes

Objective: To determine the independent effects of aphasia on outcomes during acute stroke admission, controlling for total NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and loss of consciousness. Methods: Data from the Tulane Stroke Registry were used from July 2008 to December 2014 for patient demographics, NIHSS scores, length of stay (LOS), complications (sepsis, deep vein thrombosis), and discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Aphasia was defined as a score >1 on question 9 on the NIHSS on admission and hemiparesis as >1 on questions 5 or 6. Results: Among 1,847 patients, 866 (46%) had aphasia on admission. Adjusting for NIHSS score and inpatient complications, those with aphasia had a 1.22 day longer LOS than those without aphasia, whereas those with hemiparesis (n = 1,225) did not have any increased LOS compared to those without hemiparesis. Those with aphasia had greater odds of having a complication (odds ratio [OR] 1.44, confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.93, p = 0.0174) than those without aphasia, which was equivalent to those having hemiparesis (OR 1.47, CI 1.09–1.99, p = 0.0137). Controlling for NIHSS scores, aphasia patients had higher odds of discharge mRS 3–6 (OR 1.42 vs 1.15). Conclusion: Aphasia is independently associated with increased LOS and complications during the acute stroke admission, adding $2.16 billion annually to US acute stroke care. The presence of aphasia was more likely to produce a poor functional outcome than hemiparesis. These data suggest that further research is necessary to determine whether establishing adaptive communication skills can mitigate its consequences in the acute stroke setting.
Trends in the earnings of male and female health care professionals in the United States, 1987 to 2010.

Editor's Note Directing Resources to Where They Are the Most Needed Old habits die hard. Since the 1980s, when we first came to understand that CD4 cell depletion is one of the hallmarks of immune deficiency in persons with AIDS, we clinicians have checked the CD4 counts of our stable patients every 3 months (more often for those who were sick or starting new therapy). Our patients (and we) worried from visit to visit whether their CD4 counts (we called them T-cells then) rose or dropped (mostly they dropped), and our spirits rose and fell with their counts. That was then. Today we have highly effective antiretroviral treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a much better marker of how our patients are doing: the HIV viral load. Patients with undetectable virus in their blood are likely to do well as long as they keep taking their medication. The first sign of trouble is an elevated viral load. If perchance a patient of mine had a major drop in the CD4 count despite having an undetectable viral load, my first thought would be that the CD4 count was in error. So, if CD4 counts are no longer driving treatment decisions in stable patients who are virally suppressed while receiving antiretroviral treatment, why do we still order these tests? Because it is our habit, and our patients expect it. Although ordering the test likely causes little harm to our patients (unnecessary anxiety if there is a false-negative drop in the count), the tests are expensive. As demonstrated by Hyle et al, if we would order them at most yearly for our stable virally suppressed patients (instead of every 6 months), we would save $10 million a year in the United States. We could use that money in ways that would likely have a much greater impact on the population of HIV-infected persons, including early HIV detection and linkage to medical care, medication adherence counseling (so that CD4 counts do not drop owing to missed doses), substance abuse treatment, and supportive housing. Resources are finite. We should always seek to spend them in ways that bring the greatest good. Eliminating unnecessary CD4 counts and providing treatment with more impact is a good way to start.
Healthy Eating Index and mortality in a nationally representative elderly cohort.

was associated with a 28% lower risk of death even after these factors, as well as depression and health behaviors, had been taken into account. Other factors may be responsible for the remaining association between enjoyment and survival. It may be caused by unmeasured confounding factors such as other pre-existing illnesses. Only 3 health behaviors were assessed, and other aspects such as diet may be relevant. In addition, direct links with health outcomes are plausible, since biological responses such as reduced cortisol output in everyday life and attenuated cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to stress are related to positive well-being. The results of this study do not establish that enjoyment of life is causally related to survival. Enjoyment may be a marker of underlying health-related biological, behavioral, or dispositional factors that are responsible for the association. Nonetheless, our findings show that the link between enjoyment and survival at older ages is not fully accounted for by demographic factors or major preexisting illnesses. These results highlight the importance of positive well-being in older adults and suggest that efforts to improve enjoyment of life, as well to manage and prevent disease, could have beneficial effects on life expectancy.
Rethinking Achievement Gap Talk in Urban Education

• Race/ethnicity: Black/African-American and Brown/Latino/Hispanic students tend to score lower than White/European-American students on standardized exams • Socioeconomic status: Students from lower socio-economic statuses tend to score lower than those from higher socio-economic statuses on standardized exams • Language: Students whose first language is not English tend to struggle more than native English speakers in their academic courses.
Patellofemoral Contact Pressures and Lateral Patellar Translation after Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction

Background Overtensioning of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstructions may lead to adverse surgical outcomes. Hypothesis Increasing tension on a medial patellofemoral ligament graft will increase patellofemoral contact forces and decrease lateral patellar translation. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Patellofemoral contact pressures were measured in 8 fresh-frozen cadaveric knees before and after transection of the medial patellofemoral ligament and after a standardized reconstruction surgery. Contact pressures were measured at 3 knee angles (30°, 60°, and 90°) and under 3 levels of tension applied to the graft (2, 10, and 40 N). For each condition, patellar translation was measured at 30° of knee flexion as a 22-N lateral force was applied. Results Graft tension of 2 N restored normal translation, but 10 N and 40 N significantly restricted motion (5.2 mm and 1.9 mm, respectively). Compared with the intact knee, medial patellofemoral contact pressures significantly increased (P < .05) when 40 N of tension was applied to the reconstruction. Medial contact pressures were restored to normal with 2 N of graft tension. Lateral patellar translation was significantly greater (P < .05) after the medial patellofemoral ligament was cut (16.3 mm) compared with intact (7.7 mm). Conclusion Low (2-N) tension applied to a medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction stabilized the patella and did not increase medial patellofemoral contact pressures. Higher loads (10 N and 40 N) progressively restricted lateral patellar translation and inappropriately redistributed patellofemoral contact pressures. Clinical Relevance Overtensioning can be avoided by applying low loads to medial patellofemoral ligament reconstructions, which reestablished normal translation and patellofemoral contact pressures.