Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Adherence to Tamoxifen for Breast Cancer Adjuvant Therapy and Prevention

Treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) tamoxifen for 5 years has produced dramatic breast cancer–related benefits in (a) the adjuvant setting, with 30% to 50% reductions in recurrence, contralateral disease, and mortality and (b) the prevention setting of healthy high-risk women, where tamoxifen reduces the risk of invasive and noninvasive breast cancer by 50%. Despite these striking data, adherence to tamoxifen is low, and low adherence is associated with poor survival. Although toxicity is a major predictor of poor adherence after starting therapy, pretreatment (baseline) predictors of poor tamoxifen adherence have been minimally studied. The adherence–survival link underscores the critical need to identify early predictors of poor adherence, and recent work is beginning to address this need. A major baseline predictor of poor adherence to prevention is current smoking, which is interestingly absent from studies of adherence to adjuvant therapy. Other important prevention adherence factors include breast cancer risk, extremes of age, non-white ethnicity, low socioeconomic status, and alcohol use. The strongest adjuvant therapy predictors are age (especially very young), ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Future studies involving prospective systematic evaluation of these and other potential predictors in endocrine chemoprevention (e.g., other SERMs and aromatase inhibitors) are critical, as is the development of effective/targeted interventions to improve adherence and thus treatment outcomes in at-risk women. Cancer Prev Res; 4(9); 1360–5. ©2011 AACR.
Teaching Scientific Analogies: A Proposed Model.

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for teaching scientific analogies. This model is called: ‘The General Model of Analogy Teaching’ (GMAT). A theoretical framework is developed first for this model. The following points are covered in this framework: (1) definition of the analogy, (2) analogical learning, (3) variables related to the analogical learning, (4) evaluating the outcomes of analogical learning, and (5) limitations of using analogies in teaching. The General Model of Analogy Teaching proceeds in the following nine stages: (1) measure some of the students’ characteristics related to analogical learning in general, (2) assess the prior knowledge of the students about the ‘topic’ to be taught, (3) analyse the learning material of the ‘topic’ to be taught, (4) judge the appropriateness of the analogy to be used, (5) determine the characteristics of the analogy to be used, (6) select the strategy of teaching and the medium of presenting the analogy, (7) present the analogy to th.
Bravo/Nr-CAM is closely related to the cell adhesion molecules L1 and Ng-CAM and has a similar heterodimer structure

Diverse cell-surface molecules of the nervous system play an important role in specifying cell interactions during development. Using a method designed to generate mAbs against neural surface molecules of defined molecular weight, we have previously reported on the surface protein, Bravo, found in the developing avian retinotectal system. Bravo is immunologically detected on developing optic fibers in the retina, but absent from distal regions of the same fibers in the tectum. We have isolated cDNA clones encompassing the entire coding region of Bravo, including clones containing five alternative sequences of cDNA. These putative alternatively spliced sequences encode stretches of polypeptide ranging in length from 10-93 amino acids and are predicted to be both extra- and intracellular. The deduced primary structure of Bravo reveals that, like the cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) chicken Ng- CAM and mouse L1, Bravo is composed of six Ig-like domains, five fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic region. Recently, the cDNA sequence of a related molecule, Nr-CAM, was reported and its possible identity with Bravo discussed (Grumet, M., V. Mauro, M. P. Burgoon, G. E. Edelman, and B. A. Cunningham. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 113:1399-1412). Here we confirm this identity and moreover show that Bravo is found on Muller glial processes and end-feet in the developing retina. In contrast to the single polypeptide chain structure of Nr-CAM reported previously, we show that Bravo has a heterodimer structure composed of an alpha chain of M(r) 140/130 and a beta chain of 60-80 kD. As with L1 and Ng-CAM, the two chains of Bravo are generated from an intact polypeptide by cleavage at identical locations and conserved sites within all three molecules (Ser-Arg/Lys-Arg). The similar domain composition and heterodimer structure, as well as the 40% amino acid sequence identity of these molecules, defines them as an evolutionarily related subgroup of CAMs. The relationship of Bravo to molecules known to be involved in cell adhesion and process outgrowth, combined with its pattern of expression and numerous potential isoforms, suggests a complex role for this molecule in cell interactions during neural development.
Out of Control Sexual Behavior: A Qualitative Investigation

The purpose of this study was to obtain a clearer description and understanding of problematic sexual behavior. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 adult men who self-identified as having problematic sexual behavior. Study participants identified a range of meanings for their sexual behavior: meeting sexual needs, fulfillment of narcissistic needs, desire for human connection, compensation for low self esteem, need for control, reenactment of childhood trauma, avoidance of feelings, and/or coping with sexual identity issues. Thus, sexually addictive behaviors serve different psychological organizations and needs, which has particular implications for treatment to expand beyond the overt sexual behaviors.
T lymphocyte-mediated suppression of myeloma function in vitro. II. Evidence for regulation of hapten-binding myelomas by syngeneic hapten- specific cytolytic T lymphocytes

BALB/c splenocytes stimulated in vitro with trinitrophenyl (TNP)- modified syngeneic cells inhibit the secretion of antibody by the TNP- binding BALB/c myeloma MOPC 315 in the presence of soluble TNP-Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The effector cells are hapten-specific, H-2- restricted, Thy-1.2-bearing, Ly-2-positive T lymphocytes whose precursors are resistant to pretreatment with cyclophosphamide. These phenotypic properties are typical of hapten-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). The TNP-reactive CTL that inhibit MOPC 315 cells fail to suppress H-2d myelomas that do not bear TNP-specific surface receptors, and this is not attributable to differences in total binding of TNP-KLH to the different myeloma cells. Moreover, azobenzene arsonate (ABA)-specific CTL inhibit MOPC 315 cells in the presence of the double conjugate TNP-ABA-KLH, but not in the presence of soluble TNP-KLH or ABA-KLH. These results show that H-2-restricted, hapten- specific lymphocytes regulate the function of myeloma cells that bind the hapten only to specific surface receptors, and provide a model for associative recognition of surface H-2 determinants and receptor-bound antigen. The results are discussed with reference to the mechanisms of T lymphocyte-target cell interactions, and the possible physiologic role of hapten-reactive CTL in specifically regulating anti-hapten antibody responses.
Psychological profiles of talented male youth athletes in team sports games

To represent the relationship between psychological skills and performance level in ball team sports within a youth talent group, 216 youth Tunisian male athletes representing four sports ball games (16 to 18 years) packed in the third version of the Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool-3 with scales for Goal Setting, Self Confidence, Commitment, Stress Reactions, Fear Control, Activation, Relaxation, Imagery, Mental Practice, Focusing, Refocusing and Competition planning. A performance level (elite versus sub-elite) by type of sport multivariate analysis of covariance with age as a covariate showed had significant effects. Psychological skills distinguished between more and less successful talented athletes. In general, psychological profiles differed between team sports games sport and practice level gap Key words: Ball games, mental skills, practice level, psychological profiles.
Acute effect of oestrogen replacement therapy on treadmill performance in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease.

The significant reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality following oestrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women is only partly explained by an improved lipid profile. Given acutely, oestradiol causes vasodilatation and increases coronary blood flow and, in large doses, improves treadmill performance in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease. However, the significance of oestrogen-mediated vasodilatation is unknown since the acute effects of oestradiol in doses and preparations commonly used clinically have not been tested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of conventional replacement therapy with 17 beta-oestradiol on treadmill performance in 16 postmenopausal women with angina in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Following baseline treadmill testing a transdermal oestrogen patch releasing 50 micrograms oestradiol. 24 h-1 or matching placebo was applied and the exercise test repeated 24 h later. The patch was then removed. Seven to 14 days later the sequence was repeated using the alternative patch. The changes in time to angina, time to 1 mm ST segment depression and total exercise time for each treatment compared with the corresponding baseline test were calculated. Plasma 17 beta-oestradiol increased with active therapy from 56 +/- 30 pmol.l-1 to 204 +/- 90 pmol.l-1, indicating adequate replacement. Compared with their respective baseline exercise tests there were no differences between active and placebo patches for time to angina (active: 13 +/- 55 s vs placebo: 10 +/- 47 s), time to 1 mm ST segment depression (active: -30 +/- 52 s vs placebo: 24 +/- 71 s) or total exercise time (active: 14 +/- 45 s vs placebo: 13 +/- 35 s). Despite the recognized acute vasodilator action of larger doses of oestrogen, doses conventionally used in hormone replacement therapy had no acute effect on treadmill performance in this group of postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease.
One- Through Six-Component Solutions from Ratings on Familiar English Personality-Descriptive Adjectives

We report solutions for one through six components for self-ratings (N = 559) on 449 familiar English personality-descriptive adjectives (see Lee & Ashton, 2008). The first unrotated component mainly contrasted desirable with undesirable characteristics. The varimax-rotated two-component solution contained dimensions closely resembling the Social Self-Regulation and Dynamism constructs of Saucier et al. (2014). The three-component solution contained dimensions closely resembling the Affiliation, Dynamism, and Order constructs of De Raad et al. (2014). In the four-component solution, an Emotional Stability dimension emerged, absorbing some variance from dimensions of the three-component solution. The five-component solution added an Intellect/Imagination/Unconventionality (Openness) component, and thus resembled the classic Big Five structure (e.g., Goldberg, 1990). In the six-component solution, the variance of the Big Five Agreeableness and Emotional Stability components was reorganized, producing compon.
Review of the Literature

There are vague references to carcinoma of the larynx dating back to 100--200 A.D., but it was only after the clarification of the pathology of the disease that accurate diagnosis became possible (see THOMSON 1939, SVANE-KNUDSEN 1960, LEDEHER 1963, LAuEHMA 1967). This presupposed, however, the development of indirect and direct laryngoscopy. Radiologic examination of the larynx has gained increasing importance as methods have improved and requirements have been raised (COUTAHD 1922, LEBORGNE 1940, POWEHS et coll, 1961, FABRIKANT et coll, 1962, HOLTZ et coll. 1963, PASTOHE et coll. 1964, HOWELL et coll, 1968). Verification of a carcinoma diagnosis requires a histologic biopsy specimen. This can be taken by indirect or direct laryngoscopy and usually necessitates good anaesthesia. A positive specimen corroborates the diagnosis, but a negative one does not rule out the possibility of carcinoma. The histological picture must correlate with the clinical finding (LEDEHEH 1963, BHOWN KELLY 1967, LAuERMA 1967, LINK 1968). The biopsy specimen should not be taken until after radiologic examination for the trauma may interfere with its interpretation, causes oedema and may lead to incorrect diagnosis. If a sufficiently good specimen is not obtained endolaryngeally, laryngofissure must be undertaken instead of conservative observation of the case if there is a suspicion of malignancy (LEDEHER 1963, LINK 1968).
Image Captioning at Will: A Versatile Scheme for Effectively Injecting Sentiments into Image Descriptions

Automatic image captioning has recently approached human-level performance due to the latest advances in computer vision and natural language understanding. However, most of the current models can only generate plain factual descriptions about the content of a given image. However, for human beings, image caption writing is quite flexible and diverse, where additional language dimensions, such as emotion, humor and language styles, are often incorporated to produce diverse, emotional, or appealing captions. In particular, we are interested in generating sentiment-conveying image descriptions, which has received little attention. The main challenge is how to effectively inject sentiments into the generated captions without altering the semantic matching between the visual content and the generated descriptions. In this work, we propose two different models, which employ different schemes for injecting sentiments into image captions. Compared with the few existing approaches, the proposed models are much simpler and yet more effective. The experimental results show that our model outperform the state-of-the-art models in generating sentimental (i.e., sentiment-bearing) image captions. In addition, we can also easily manipulate the model by assigning different sentiments to the testing image to generate captions with the corresponding sentiments.
Gastrocnemius Transposition Flap in Conjunction with Limb‐Sparing Surgery for Primary Bone Sarcomas Around the Knee

A primary gastrocnemius transposition flap is a useful technique for prosthetic coverage following extensive soft-tissue and bone resection for sarcomas of the knee joint. The gastrocnemius transposition flap is also a useful secondary procedure to treat local complications following attempted limb-sparing surgery. The gastrocnemius transposition flap is a simple procedure with minimal morbidity. Both medial and lateral flaps may be utilized if necessary. In addition, such flaps do not jeopardize local tumor control. We now recommend primary gastrocnemius transposition flaps for most limb-sparing procedures around the knee joint, especially when a prosthesis is utilized with or without adjuvant chemotherapy.
Evaluation of long-acting somatostatin analog injection devices by nurses: a quantitative study

The somatostatin analogs (SSAs) lanreotide Autogel/Depot and octreotide long-acting release are used to treat acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors. The present study evaluated opinions on SSA injection devices, including a recently approved lanreotide new device (lanreotide-ND), among nurses in Europe and the USA. Nurses injecting SSAs for at least three patients per year (n = 77) were interviewed regarding SSA devices. Device attributes were rated via questionnaire; nurses were then timed administering test injections with lanreotide-ND and octreotide long-acting release. The most important delivery system attributes were easy/convenient preparation and injection (ranked in the top five by 70% of nurses), low clogging risk (58%), and high product efficacy (55%). Compared with the octreotide long-acting release device, lanreotide-ND scored higher on 15/16 attributes, had shorter mean preparation and administration time (329 versus 66 seconds, respectively; P ≤ 0.01) and a higher overall preference score (70 versus 114, respectively; P ≤ 0.01). The five most important lanreotide-ND attributes were: prefilled device, confidence a full dose was delivered, low clogging risk, easy/convenient preparation and injection, and fast administration. These device features could lead to improvements in clinical practice and benefit patients/caregivers who administer SSAs at home.
Linking thoughts to feelings: Investigating cognitive appraisals and consumption emotions in a mixed-emotions context

While emotions have been shown to have significant influence on various consumer behaviors, the cognitive appraisals linked to consumption emotions have not been fully explored. This research investigates how individuals' cognitive interpretations of situations correspond to the emotions they experience in these contexts. Using analysis of variance and multiple discriminant analysis, our results show a systematic relationship between cognitive appraisals and 10 consumption emotions. The author's findings offer theoretical insights into these consumption emotions, the appraisal/consumption emotion correspondence, basisversus subordinate-level category differences in emotions, and mixed consumption emotions. The findings provide a practical framework for academics and practitioners interested in better understanding and managing consumption emotions.
A type system equivalent to flow analysis

Flow-based safety analysis of higher-order languages has been studied by Shivers, and Palsberg and Schwartzbach. Open until now is the problem of finding a type system that accepts exactly the same programs as safety analysis. In this paper we prove that Amadio and Cardelli's type system with subtyping and recursive types accepts the same programs as a certain safety analysis. The proof involves mappings from types to flow information and back. As a result, we obtain an inference algorithm for the type system, thereby solving an open problem.
Mean length utterance in Brazilian children: a comparative study between Down syndrome, specific language impairment, and typical language development.

PURPOSE To describe the linguistic performance of Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children with Down syndrome by analyzing their Mean Length Utterance; to compare their performance to that of children with Specific Language Impairment and Typical Development; and to verify whether children with Down syndrome present developmental language delay or disorder. METHOD Participants were 25 children with Down syndrome (Research Group), matched by mental age to a Control Group of typically developing children, and to a Control Group of children with Specific Language Impairment. Participants were divided into subgroups, according to age range (three, four and five years). Speech samples were collected for the Research Group, and the Mean Length Utterance was analyzed for morphemes and words. RESULTS Differences were observed between the performance of the Research Group and both Control Groups, and the former presented inferior Mean Length Utterance values for all age ranges, characterizing a delay in grammar and general language development. CONCLUSION The description of the linguistic abilities of Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children with Down syndrome indicated important grammatical deficits, especially regarding the use of functional words.
The Distributed Multiple Voting Problem

A networked set of agents holding binary opinions does not seem to be able to compute its majority opinion by means of local binary interactions only. However, the majority problem can be solved using two or more bits, instead of one (F. Bénézit , “Interval consensus: From quantized gossip to voting”, Apr. 2009, pp. 3661-3664). Pairs of agents asynchronously exchange their states and update them according to a voting automaton. This paper presents binary voting automata as well as solutions to the multiple voting problem, where agents can vote for one candidate among |C| ≥ 2 candidates and need to determine the majority vote. The voting automata are derived from the pairwise gossip algorithm, which computes averages. In the binary case (|C|=2), we focus on averages in dimension 1, but in the multiple case (|C| ≥ 2) we quantize gossip in dimension |C| - 1 , which is larger than or equal to 1. We show in particular that a consensus on majority can be reached using 15 possible states (4 bits) for the ternary voting problem, and using 100 possible states (7 bits) for the quaternary voting problem.
Influence of Workers’ Attitude towards Time and Work on Perceived Job Performance in Private and Public Sectors

This study was designed to find out the influence of workers’ attitude towards time and work on perceived job performance in private and public sectors. One hundred and eighty (180) workers drawn from five (5) different organizations, three (3) from private sector and two (2) from public sector in Ado-Ekiti and Ibadan metropolis were used as samples. Three instruments were used namely Time Attitude Scale (TAS) to measure the attitude of workers toward time; Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) to measure job satisfaction which represents workers attitude towards work; and the perceived Job Performance Scale (JPS) to measure workers characteristic, tendencies to work long and hard as means of achieving success rather than their activity during a specific period. T-test for independent groups and regression analysis were employed in analyzing the data collected. Five hypotheses were tested and results shows that there is no significant difference in the attitude of workers towards time in private and public sectors; that there is a significant difference in the attitude of workers towards work in private and public sectors; that there is no significant difference in workers perceived job performance in both private and public sectors; that there is a significant joint influence of workers’ attitude towards time and work on perceived job performance in the private sector, there is also a significant independent influence of workers attitude towards time on perceived job performance in the private sector but there is no significant independent influence of workers attitude towards work on perceived job performance in the private sector. It was also found that there is no significant joint and independent influence of workers’ attitude towards time and work on perceived job performance in the public sector.