Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gonadectomy Reverses The Sexually Diergic Patterns Of Circadian and Stress‐Induced Hypothalamic‐Pituitary‐Adrenal Axis Activity In Male and Female Rats

Enhanced corticosterone release by female compared to male rats under basal and stress conditions is well documented. The demonstration that gonadectomy enhances stress‐induced corticosterone secretion in male rats, but reduces such levels in female rats, suggests a causal association between gonadal steroids and corticosterone release. The present study examined the corticosterone profile of sham gonadectomized and gonadectomized female and male rats under basal and stress conditions. An automated sampling system collected blood from each freely moving, unanaesthetized rat every 10 min (i) over a 24‐h period; (ii) following noise stress; and (iii) following an immune‐mediated stress (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). Plasma was analysed for corticosterone content using radioimmunoassay. Castration resulted in a significant increase in basal corticosterone release compared to the sham‐castrated male rats. Pulsar analysis revealed a significant two‐fold increase in the number of corticosterone pulses over 24 h. Corticosterone increases in response to noise stress and to LPS injection were enhanced following castration. Conversely, ovariectomy resulted in a two‐fold reduction in the number of corticosterone pulses as well as the stress response compared to sham‐ovariectomized female rats. Arginine vasopressin (AVP), corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (CRH) and glucocorticoid receptor mRNAs in the paraventricular nucleus and pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the anterior pituitary were analysed post‐LPS administration by in situ hybridization. Significantly higher values were found for AVP, CRH and POMC mRNAs examined for sham females and castrated males compared to sham males and ovariectomized females. This study confirms previous reports concerning the influence of gonadal factors in regulating HPA axis activity and stress responsiveness. The present results extend these observations to the regulation of the dynamic pattern of corticosterone release under basal conditions and suggests that this alteration in pulsatility is important for the differences in stress responsiveness when comparing males and females.
Self-quantification and the datapreneurial consumer identity

ABSTRACT This study delivers a clearer understanding of the constitution of the datapreneurial consumer, the role of the market in that construction, and the implications for consumer identity projects in the age of Big Data and an increasingly data- and surveillance-driven society. The study uses a theoretical framework of the “quantified self” (QS) to examine consumers (re)building creditworthiness. In the context of a major online credit-user forum, it employs creative-nonfiction methodology to protect forum-member privacy. To the literature on creditworthiness, the study contributes a process model of the construction of the datapreneurial credit consumer identity. To the QS literature, it offers insight into how consumers may embrace quantification and self-tracking, even in areas where they are nudged or pushed into it. To the sociology of quantification literature, it adds empirics to explain how consumers may embrace market-provided self-quantification resources in attempts to liberate themselves from the structural control of that very quantification.
Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use Terhadap Repurchase Usefulness dan Trust Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the direct and indirect effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, and repurchase intention of customer Go-Jek online transportation in Malang. This study uses questionnaires as the research instrument with 120 respondents as the sample. Sampling technique is purposive sampling. This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) to analyzed the data. The result shows that there is a significant direct effect on perceived ease of use on perceived usefulness, trust, and repurchase intention. In addition, trust has a significant influence on repurchase intention. This study also confirms that trust partially mediates the influence of perceived ease of use on repurchase intention. The other result shows that there is no significant relationship between perceived usefulness on repurchase intention and perceived usefulness is unable to accomodate the relationship of mediation between perceived ease of use on repurchase intention. https://doi.org/10.26905/jmdk.v6i1. 2067
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Versus Surgical Shunting in the Management of Portal Hypertension

Background:The purpose of this article was to clarify the optimal management concerning transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPSs) and surgical shunting in treating portal hypertension. Methods:All databases, including CBM, CNKI, WFPD, Medline, EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane up to February 2014, were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TIPS with surgical shunting. Four RCTs, which were extracted by two independent investigators and were evaluated in postoperative complications, mortality, 2- and 5-year survival, hospital stay, operating time and hospitalization charges. Results:The morbidity in variceal rehemorrhage was significantly higher in TIPS than in surgical shunts (odds ratio [OR] = 7.45, 95% confidence interval[CI]: (3.93–14.15), P < 0.00001), the same outcomes were seen in shunt stenosis (OR = 20.01, 95% CI: (6.67–59.99), P < 0.000001) and in hepatic encephalopathy (OR = 2.50, 95% CI: (1.63–3.84), P < 0.0001). Significantly better 2-year survival (OR = 0.66; 95% CI: (0.44–0.98), P = 0.04) and 5-year survival (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: (0.30–0.66), P < 0.00001) were seen in patients undergoing surgical shunting compared with TIPS. Conclusions:Compared with TIPS, postoperative complications and survival after surgical shunting were superior for patients with portal hypertension. Application of surgical shunting was recommended for patients rather than TIPS.
Creating Fragility Functions for Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering

The Applied Technology Council is adapting PEER's performance-based earthquake engineering methodology to professional practice. The methodology's damage-analysis stage uses fragility functions to calculate the probability of damage to facility components given the force, deformation, or other engineering demand parameter (EDP) to which each is subjected. This paper introduces a set of procedures for creating fragility functions from various kinds of data: (A) actual EDP at which each specimen failed; (B) bounding EDP, in which some specimens failed and one knows the EDP to which each specimen was subjected; (C) capable EDP, where specimen EDPs are known but no specimens failed; (D) derived, where fragility functions are produced analytically; (E) expert opinion; and (U) updating, in which one improves an existing fragility function using new observations. Methods C, E, and U are all introduced here for the first time. A companion document offers additional procedures and more examples.
Using data mining for assessing diagnosis of breast cancer

The capability of the classification SVM, Tree Boost and Tree Forest in analyzing the DDSM dataset was investigated for the extraction of the mammographic mass features along with age that discriminates true and false cases. In the present study, SVM technique shows promising results for increasing diagnostic accuracy of classifying the cases witnessed by the largest area under the ROC curve (area under empirical ROC curve =0.79768 and area under binomial ROC curve = 0.85323) comparable to empirical ROC and binomial ROC of 0.57575 and 0.58548 for tree forest while least empirical ROC and binomial ROC of 0.53452 and 0.53882 was accounted by tree boost. These results are confirmed by SVM average gain of 1.7323, tree forest average gain of 1.5576 and tree boost average gain of 1.5718.
Users’ Performance and Preferences for Online Graphic, Text and Auditory Presentation of Instructions

Traditional technical manuals consist primarily of text supplemented by tabular and graphic presentation of information. In the past decade technical information systems have increasingly been authored for presentation on computers instead of on paper; however a stable set of standards for such manuals has yet to evolve. There are strong beliefs but little empirical evidence to guide standards development within companies producing Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals (IETMs). The current study compares three different modes of instruction presentation for mechanical assembly tasks (graphic, text, and auditory), using a Wizard of Oz paradigm. Study participants preferred graphically-presented information and they completed the tasks fastest using this presentation mode. We found no significant difference in performance or preference between text and audio conditions. Nevertheless users indicated a clear desire that graphic presentation be supplemented by other modes. Study results will be useful for designers of multi-modal interfaces for online instruction systems.
Marketplace rumor sharing among young consumers: the role of anxiety and arousal

PurposeThis study aims to explore rumor sharing behavior among young consumers by evaluating the role of state anxiety and arousal as fundamental triggers to rumor sharing behavior. This study asserts that young consumers share rumors for emotional regulation and information sharing reasons, and aims to explore rumor sharing dynamics along these factors.Design/methodology/approachUsing established scales, this paper collects data from 394 respondents (age 18-25 years) who are enrolled in engineering or management colleges in India. Using these data, the paper conducts a PLS-SEM-based analysis using SmartPLS 3.0 to establish hypothesized relationships. PROCESS macro (Hayes, 2017) is used in SPSS to assess the role of mediators.FindingsMajor findings of the study indicate that young consumers share rumors for emotional regulation and information sharing. State anxiety and arousal were positively associated to the consumers’ emotional regulation motivation, as well as their information sharing motivations. The findings illustrate that young consumers share rumors for managing their own emotions, as well as to help others who might be in need for such information. This assertion was further established by the mediating effect of these motivations on the relationship between the consumers’ emotions and their intention to share the rumor.Research limitations/implicationsIt was observed that that young consumers share rumors for emotional regulation and information sharing purpose. This contribution adds to the current research on motivations of rumor sharing. The paper highlights that rumor sharing is an outcome of emotional experiences, thereby contributing to “why” rumors are spread in the marketplace.Originality/valueRumors lack veracity, arise in contexts of uncertainty and influence perceptions, brand credibility and consumer loyalty. Thus it is critical to understand the dynamics of fast propagating rumors in the marketplace. This paper advances the theoretical understanding of the psychological factors driving rumor propagation among young consumers. The paper identifies and establishes the role of fundamental triggers of rumor sharing among young consumers.
Compiling custom instructions onto expression-grained reconfigurable architectures

While customizable processors aim at combining the flexibility of general purpose processors with the speed and power advantages of custom circuits, commercially available processors are often limited by the inability to reconfigure the application-specific features after manufacturing. Even though reconfigurable array-based accelerators are available, their performance is often unacceptable, and comes with other disadvantages such as the size of the configuration bitstream. Additionally, compilation support is limited for existing Coarse Grain Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs). We propose to target a different reconfigurable fabric, the EGRA (Expression-Grained Reconfigurable Array), to realize custom instructions in a customizable processor. The EGRA is based on arithmetic processing elements that can compute entire subexpressions in a single cycle and can be connected in both combinational or sequential manners. We present here a compilation flow for this architecture, including novel algorithms for subgraph enumeration and scheduling. The compilation flow proposed is used here to efficiently explore the design space of the EGRA processing element; furthermore, its modularity and flexibility suggest suitability to generic CGRA retargetable compilation.
Model predictive dynamic control allocation with actuator dynamics

A model predictive, dynamic control allocation algorithm is developed in this paper for the inner loop of a re-entry vehicle guidance and control system. The purpose of the control allocation portion of the guidance and control architecture is to distribute control power among redundant control effectors to meet the desired control objectives under a set of constraints. Most existing algorithms neglect the actuator dynamics or deal with the actuator dynamics separately, thereby assuming a static relationship between actuator outputs (in our case, control surface deflections) and plant inputs (i.e., moments about the three body axis). We propose a dynamic control allocation scheme based on model-based predictive control (MPC) that directly takes into account actuators with noneligible dynamics and hard constraints. Model-based predictive control schemes compute the control inputs by optimizing an open-loop control objective over a future time interval at each control step. In our setup, the model-predictive control allocation problem is posed as a sequential quadratic programming problem with dynamic constraints, which can be cast into a linear complementary problem (LCP) and therefore solved by linear programming approaches in a finite number of iterations. The time-varying affine internal model used in the MPC design enhances the ability of the control loop to deal with unmodeled system nonlinearities. The approach can be easily extended to encompass a variety of linear actuator dynamics without the need to redesign the overall scheme. Results are based on the model of an experimental reusable launch vehicle, and compared with that of existing static control allocation schemes.
Evaluation and comparison of image quality for indirect flat panel systems with CsI and GOS scintillators

Aim: The objective of this study is to compare the image quality of flat panel systems that have cesium iodide (CsI) and gadolinium oxysulfate (GOS) scintillators in their detectors. Method: CDRAD 2.0 phantom and CDRAD analyzer software is used for objective evaluation and comparison of image quality of flat panel systems with CsI and GOS scintillators. The image quality is investigated in terms of contrast and detail. Nine different flat panel systems from 6 different manufacturers are evaluated in this study. Four of these flat panels have CsI scintillators and the remaining 5 have GoS scintillators. For evaluations, 20 layers of plexiglass were placed on the top (10 layers) and bottom (10 layers) of the CDRAD 2.0 phantom to simulate a patient. 3 images were taken from each system at each dose level, which were analyzed by the CDRAD 2.0 analyzer software. Image qualities were investigated at four different dose levels (50, 100, 150, and 200 μGys). IQFinv is used as the quality metric. Results: IQFinv values of GOS systems have little variance both within the same system and between all systems. On the other hand, CsI systems have higher variance in IQFinv values within the same system and between the systems. In addition, same CsI detectors (same model from the same manufacturer) used in different systems resulted in considerably different IQFinv values. CsI systems demonstrate 4-5 times more improvement in IQFinv value with increasing dose levels compared to GOS systems. Finally, IQFinv values of CsI systems are higher than GOS systems with statistically significance (p<;0.029).
POSSIBILITY OF THE BIOCONTROL OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA USING THE FUNGUS TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION

In recent decades, the biological control of the diseases caused by plant pathogens using other microorganisms has attracted the attention of researchers. In the present study, we assessed the biological control of root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in cucumber using three isolates of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum under greenhouse condition. The roots of the cucumber seedlings were inoculated with fungal spore suspension and 300 active second-instar larvae of the nematodes. One million spores/mL from the fungus was used for each plant. In this experiment, we assessed the effects of Trichoderma harzianum according to the diameter of the gall, number of the root knots, mean weight of the wet and dry roots and aerial parts, number of the egg masses per each plant, and number of the eggs per each egg mass. The isolates of the fungus reduced the severity of the disease and number of the galls in the roots. Moreover, increasing of the mortality rate in the larvae and decreasing of the hatching rate of the eggs were compared to the control samples. The results showed, the changes in the entire diseased plant which indicated that M. javanica could be controlled in cucumber by Trichoderma harzianum.
Dysregulated Expression Profiles of MicroRNAs of Experimentally Induced Cerebral Aneurysms in Rats

Objective Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is an important acquired cerebrovascular disease that can cause catastrophic results. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, playing essential roles in modulating basic physiologic and pathological processes. Currently, evidences have been established about biologic relationship between miRNAs and abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, biologic roles of miRNAs in CA formation have not been explained yet. We employed microarray analysis to detect and compare miRNA expression profiles in late stage of CA in rat model. Methods Twenty-six, 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a CA induction procedure. The control animals (n=11) were fed a normal diet, and the experimental animals (n=26) were fed a normal diet with 1% normal saline for 3 months. Then, the rats were sacrificed, their cerebral arteries were dissected, and the five regions of aneurysmal dilation on the left posterior communicating artery were cut for miRNA microarrays analysis. Six miRNAs (miRNA-1, miRNA-223, miRNA-24-1-5p, miRNA-551b, miRNA-433, and miRNA-489) were randomly chosen for validation using real-time quantitative PCR. Results Among a set of differentially expressed miRNAs, 14 miRNAs were over-expressed more than 200% and 6 miRNAs were down-expressed lower than 50% in the CA tissues. Conclusion The results show that miRNAs might take part in CA formation probably by affecting multiple target genes and signaling pathways. Further investigations to identify the exact roles of these miRNAs in CA formation are required.
A New, Evidence-based Estimate of Patient Harms Associated with Hospital Care

Objectives Based on 1984 data developed from reviews of medical records of patients treated in New York hospitals, the Institute of Medicine estimated that up to 98,000 Americans die each year from medical errors. The basis of this estimate is nearly 3 decades old; herein, an updated estimate is developed from modern studies published from 2008 to 2011. Methods A literature review identified 4 limited studies that used primarily the Global Trigger Tool to flag specific evidence in medical records, such as medication stop orders or abnormal laboratory results, which point to an adverse event that may have harmed a patient. Ultimately, a physician must concur on the findings of an adverse event and then classify the severity of patient harm. Results Using a weighted average of the 4 studies, a lower limit of 210,000 deaths per year was associated with preventable harm in hospitals. Given limitations in the search capability of the Global Trigger Tool and the incompleteness of medical records on which the Tool depends, the true number of premature deaths associated with preventable harm to patients was estimated at more than 400,000 per year. Serious harm seems to be 10- to 20-fold more common than lethal harm. Conclusions The epidemic of patient harm in hospitals must be taken more seriously if it is to be curtailed. Fully engaging patients and their advocates during hospital care, systematically seeking the patients’ voice in identifying harms, transparent accountability for harm, and intentional correction of root causes of harm will be necessary to accomplish this goal.
Personalized and Generalized Comparisons: Causes and Consequences of Variations in the Focus of Social Comparisons

When people compare with another person they can focus on how they compare either with just that target (a personalized comparison) or with others more generally (a generalized comparison). Four studies (two event-contingent diary studies, one study of comparisons during a triathlon, and one controlled experiment) showed that personalized comparisons were more likely when the target’s attribute was distinctive or there was an interaction or a close or emotional relationship with the target. Perhaps because these conditions that increase interest in the target as a distinct individual were less common during the triathlon than in everyday life, personalized comparisons were relatively uncommon during the triathlon but relatively common in everyday life. Across studies, generalized comparisons magnified the impact of upward comparisons on overall feelings (but not on interpersonal feelings about the self-target relationship), presumably because generalizing broadens the implications of comparisons, whereas personalizing restricts their relevance to the self-target relationship.
Behavioral / Systems / Cognitive Functional Networks of Parvalbumin-Immunoreactive Neurons in Cat Auditory Cortex

Inhibitory interneurons constitute 20% of auditory cortical cells and are essential for shaping sensory processing. Connectivity patterns of interneurons in relation to functional organization principles are not well understood. We contrasted the connection patterns of parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells in two functionally distinct cortical regions: the tonotopic, narrowly frequency-tuned module [central narrow band (cNB)] of cat central primary auditory cortex (AI) and the nontonotopic, broadly tuned second auditory field (AII). Interneuronal connectivity patterns and laminar distribution were identified by combining a retrograde tracer (wheat-germ agglutinin apo-horseradish peroxidase colloidal gold) with labeling of the Ca 2 binding protein parvalbumin (Pv), a marker for the GABAergic interneurons usually described physiologically as fast-spiking neurons. In AI, parvalbumin-positive (Pv ) cells constituted 13% of the retrograde labeled cells in the immediate vicinity of the injection site, compared to 10% in AII. The retrograde labeling of Pv cells along isofrequency countours was confined to the cNB. The spatial spread of labeled excitatory neurons in AI was more than twice that found for Pv cells. By contrast, in the AII, the spread of Pv cells was nearly equal to that of excitatory neurons. The retrograde labeling of Pv cells was anisotropic in AI and isotropic in AII. This demonstration of inhibitory networks in auditory cortex reveals that the connections of cat GABAergic AI and AII cells follow different anatomical plans and thus contribute differently to the shaping of neural response properties. The finding that local connectivity of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in AI is closely aligned with spectral integration properties demonstrates the critical role of inhibition in creating distinct processing modules in AI.