Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the contribution of workplace learning to an HRD strategy in the Scottish legal profession

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the relevance of human resource development (HRD) for law firms in the UK. It examines how the characteristics of legal professional practice in the UK, including the partnership structure, long established methods of targeting solicitors and the law society, may act as barriers to the implementation of HRD. , – The paper uses an exploratory case study research approach to investigate characteristics and issues influencing the adoption of HRD in a Scottish legal firm. Primary data are collected via semi‐structured interviews with a cross‐section of representatives. , – Despite recognition of the importance of learning, the characteristic elements of law firms, including the partnership structure; the pervasiveness of time‐billed targets in the solicitor community; and HR's profile and acceptance among the solicitor community, remain as barriers to the applicability of HRD. The research also exposes variability on the level and scope of development opportunities, an emphasis on technical skills development, and a lack of solicitors' self‐managed learning ability. , – While the research findings provide a useful insight into the barriers to HRD in one legal firm, this does not allow for any generalisations being drawn from the study. , – The paper explores the suitability of workplace learning to support legal professional development. , – There is a dearth of research into HRD in legal practices in the UK. The paper contributes to the contextual influences that limit the applicability of HRD to legal professional practices.
Prognostic factors in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study revealing early predictors and outcome after 14.9 years.

OBJECTIVE To describe the physical and psychosocial outcome in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), compared with subjects in the general population, and to determine patient characteristics, HLA alleles, and disease variables within the first 6 months of disease onset that predict persistent disease, joint erosions, and physical disability. METHODS A cohort of 268 (85%) of 316 patients with JRA first admitted to the hospital between 1980 and 1985 were examined after a median of 14.9 years (range 11.7-25.1) of disease duration. Controls matched for age, sex, and geographic region were randomly selected from the general population. Patients' medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical examinations and radiographs of the hips, ankles, and affected joints were obtained. HLA-DRB1 and DPB1 alleles were determined by genotyping and HLA-B27 by serologic testing. Physical and psychosocial health status was assessed using the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). RESULTS At followup, 133 patients with JRA (50%) were in remission, 63 (24%) had developed joint erosions, and 93 (36%) had impaired physical functioning (HAQ > 0.0). Patients had greater disability, more bodily pain, and poorer general health than controls. Comparable levels of education, social function, and mental health were found, but the patients had higher rates of unemployment than controls (19% vs 7%; p < 0.001). Predictors of persistent disease and joint erosions were: young onset age and large numbers of affected joints, long duration of elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and positive IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) within the first 6 months. Additionally, persistent disease was predicted by the presence of DRB1*08, and joint erosions were predicted by symmetric arthritis and DRB1*08 and HLA-B27 in combination. DRB1*01 was a predictor of joint erosions in the pauciarticular onset type (n = 163). Predictors of physical disability were: female sex, symmetric arthritis, hip joint involvement, long duration of elevated ESR and IgM RF. CONCLUSION Compared with healthy controls, patients with JRA had impaired physical health and lower employment rates after more than 11 years of disease duration. Elevated ESR, extensive and symmetric arthritis, positive IgM RF, DRB1*08, DRB1*01, HLA-B27 and DRB1*08 in combination, early onset, and female sex were early risk factors for an unfavorable outcome.
The Sociological Imagination and Social Responsibility

In this paper, we maintain that sociologists should deliberately teach social responsibility as a means of fulfilling the promise that C. Wright Mills envisioned. A key aspect of the sociological imagination includes a sense of social responsibility, but that aspect is best learned through a combination of experience and academic knowledge. Students gain the fullest sense of the sociological imagination, one that includes social responsibility, when they are able to have encounters and experiences that challenge their pre-existing world-views and allow them to see first-hand the sociological concepts they learn in the classroom. Further, we argue that teaching social responsibility is appropriate because it has deep roots in the discipline. We identify the origins of the active learning model in sociological theory and provide examples of the ways in which social responsibility is realized through service learning experiences of our students.
Cultural variations of the personalities, leadership styles and prototypes of political leaders. A comparison of politicians, organisational leaders and voters

Guided by gaps in the literature with regard to the study of politicians and the formation of a definition of ‘political leader’, the aim of this research was to develop a descriptive model of political leaders based on direct measurement findings. The research endeavoured to underline the traits, behaviours and implicit leadership theories (ILTs) associated with political leaders via comparison of the aforementioned variables across groups (i.e. political leaders, N=108; organisational leaders, N=50; and members of the general public, N=206) and cultures (i.e. Bulgarian, N=181; and British, N=183). The personality traits of all participants were measured with the Big Five TIPI (Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swan, 2003) and SYMLOG (Blumberg, 2006) measures, while data on leadership styles and ILTs were obtained from the MLQ (Bass & Avolio, 2004). Moreover, the ILTs associated with political leaders were further explored through emic and locally-constructed culture-specific scales. The statistical exploration of the data relied mainly on multivariate analyses of variance. The findings of comparisons across groups reveal that political leaders were associated with more dominance, emotional stability, conformity and transformational styles. Moreover, the ILTs related to public leaders were less transactional in nature when compared to the ILTs of organisational leaders. In terms of culture, the results show that, compared to British leaders, Bulgarian leaders were more conforming, less open to new experiences and more likely to frequently use both transactional and passive/avoidant behaviours. Furthermore, aspects of morality were more visible in the political ILTs generated by Bulgarians. The present research combined the study of culture and various measured dimensions into a single framework, thus enabling a variety of main effects and interactions to be evaluated simultaneously. Its main contribution is the directly measured data relating to the traits, behaviours and ILTs of political leaders. Such information on the characteristics of politicians could allow for more directional hypotheses in subsequent research. Moreover, the findings could act as a base from which one could expand in a bid to achieve a description of political leadership. Similarly, the outcomes might aid applied fields. Information about followers’ images of good political leaders could inform image management practices relevant to the election of politicians. More specifically, knowledge gained of culturally different leaders could be welcomed by structures such as the European Union, wherein understanding and allowances might aid communication.
Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Background. To examine cross-national patterns and correlates of lifetime and 12-month comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD). Method. Nationally or regionally representative epidemiological interviews were administered to 74 045 adults in 27 surveys across 24 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. DSM-IV MDD, a wide range of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders, and a number of correlates were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results. 45.7% of respondents with lifetime MDD (32.0–46.5% inter-quartile range (IQR) across surveys) had one of more lifetime anxiety disorders. A slightly higher proportion of respondents with 12-month MDD had lifetime anxiety disorders (51.7%, 37.8–54.0% IQR) and only slightly lower proportions of respondents with 12-month MDD had 12-month anxiety disorders (41.6%, 29.9–47.2% IQR). Two-thirds (68%) of respondents with lifetime comorbid anxiety disorders and MDD reported an earlier age-of-onset (AOO) of their first anxiety disorder than their MDD, while 13.5% reported an earlier AOO of MDD and the remaining 18.5% reported the same AOO of both disorders. Women and previously married people had consistently elevated rates of lifetime and 12-month MDD as well as comorbid anxiety disorders. Consistently higher proportions of respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD reported severe role impairment (64.4 v. 46.0%; χ 2 1 = 187.0, p < 0.001) and suicide ideation (19.5 v. 8.9%; χ 2 1 = 71.6, p < 0.001). Significantly more respondents with 12-month anxious than non-anxious MDD received treatment for their depression in the 12 months before interview, but this difference was more pronounced in high-income countries (68.8 v. 45.4%; χ 2 1 = 108.8, p < 0.001) than low/middle-income countries (30.3 v. 20.6%; χ 2 1 = 11.7, p < 0.001). Conclusions. Patterns and correlates of comorbid DSM-IV anxiety disorders among people with DSM-IV MDD are similar across WMH countries. The narrow IQR of the proportion of respondents with temporally prior AOO of anxiety disorders than comorbid MDD (69.6–74.7%) is especially noteworthy. However, the fact that these proportions are not higher among respondents with 12-month than lifetime comorbidity means that temporal priority between lifetime anxiety disorders and MDD is not related to MDD persistence among people with anxious MDD. This, in turn, raises complex questions about the relative importance of temporally primary anxiety disorders as risk markers v. causal risk factors for subsequent MDD onset and persistence, including the possibility that anxiety disorders might primarily be risk markers for MDD onset and causal risk factors for MDD persistence.
Immunohistochemical Expression of Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase 4 in Patients with Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

The role of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) appears to vary with the type of malignant tumors and is still controversial. The purpose of our study was to clarify the exact role of DUSP4 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. We constructed tissue microarrays and investigated DUSP4 expression by immunohistochemistry. DUSP4 was more frequently expressed in adenocarcinomas and lymph node/distant metastases compared to that in normal colorectal tissues and tubular adenomas (P < 0.001). Mean DUSP4 expression score was significantly higher in malignant tumors than in benign lesions (P < 0.001). DUSP4 expression was significantly correlated with older age (P = 0.017), male gender (P = 0.036), larger tumor size (P = 0.014), nonmucinous tumor type (P = 0.023), and higher T stage (P = 0.040). Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed a significant effect of DUSP4 expression on both overall survival and disease-free survival in AJCC stage I (P = 0.008 and P = 0.003, resp., log-rank test) and male gender (P = 0.017 and P = 0.049, resp., log-rank test). DUSP4 protein is frequently upregulated in colorectal adenocarcinoma and may play an important role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression and may be a marker of adverse prognosis.
Emotional Intelligence and Education: A critical review

In recent years there has been an increased interest in the role of emotional intelligence in both the academic success of students and their emotional adjustment in school. However, promotion of emotional intelligence in schools has proven a controversial pursuit, challenging as it does traditional “rationalist” views of education. Furthermore, research findings in this area have been inconsistent at best. In this article we discuss the following key questions relating to this important debate. What do we mean by emotional “intelligence”? What impact would improved emotional intelligence have on learners’ emotional health and well‐being, academic achievement, and other adaptive outcomes? Can emotional intelligence be taught? It is felt that these are the key issues for consideration in developing policy, practice, and further research in this area.
Unexpected Maintenance of Hepatitis C Viral Diversity following Liver Transplantation

ABSTRACT Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to liver cirrhosis in up to 20% of individuals, often requiring liver transplantation. Although the new liver is known to be rapidly reinfected, the dynamics and source of the reinfecting virus(es) are unclear, resulting in some confusion concerning the relationship between clinical outcome and viral characteristics. To clarify the dynamics of liver reinfection, longitudinal serum viral samples from 10 transplant patients were studied. Part of the E1/E2 region was sequenced, and advanced phylogenetic analysis methods were used in a multiparameter analysis to determine the history and ancestry of reinfecting lineages. Our results demonstrated the complexity of HCV evolutionary dynamics after liver transplantation, in which a large diverse population of viruses is transmitted and maintained for months to years. As many as 30 independent lineages in a single patient were found to reinfect the new liver. Several later posttransplant lineages were more closely related to older pretransplant viruses than to viruses detected immediately after transplantation. Although our data are consistent with a number of interpretations, the persistence of high viral genetic variation over long periods of time requires an active mechanism. We discuss possible scenarios, including frequency-dependent selection or variation in selective pressure among viral subpopulations, i.e., the population structure. The latter hypothesis, if correct, could have relevance to the success of newer direct-acting antiviral therapies.
Measures for Assessing Student Attitudes Toward Older People

Measuring medical and allied health students' attitudes towards older people has been identified as an important research area. The present study compared the use of implicit and explicit attitude measures. Sixty-five undergraduates completed one explicit measure, the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA), (Fraboni, Saltstone, & Hughes, 1990) and one implicit measure, the Implicit Association Test. They had positive explicit and neutral implicit attitudes towards older people, suggesting more positive attitudes than previously reported. These attitudes were related but there were discrepancies. Because explicit measures are likely to be influenced by factors such as social desirability, the implicit measure might be a more reliable measure.
The Impact of the 2010 Winter Olympic Games on Crime in Vancouver

On retrouve peu de travaux de recherche sur les crimes et les événements exceptionnels. Il ne fait toutefois aucun doute que des événements exceptionnels comme les catastrophes naturelles, les réunions politiques partout dans le monde, et les compétitions sportives internationales, aient une incidence sur le mode de vie et les activités courantes d’un grand nombre de personnes. Dans le présent article, nous évaluons les effets des Jeux Olympiques d’hiver de 2010 sur les agressions, les vols, les méfaits, et la prostitution dans les quartiers jouxtant Vancouver. En général, il n’existe aucune preuve qui vient appuyer les allégations que les Jeux Olympiques aient eu une incidence sur tous les types de crimes et à tous les endroits. Toutefois, nous avons constaté, en rapport avec les Jeux Olympiques, une recrudescence des agressions dans quelques quartiers clés. Comme pour des travaux précédents de recherche, il semble qu’un accroissement substantiel du personnes chargées de la sécurité (policiers, militaires, etc.) ait permis de réduire l’accroissement potentiel de la criminalité.
Being Out, Speaking Out: Vulnerability and Classroom Inquiry

ABSTRACT Through examining four episodes from his teaching, the author reflects on the importance of being out in the classroom, not only about his sexuality, but also about his intellectual, moral, and political commitments and uncertainties. While cautioning that being out in these ways can, in certain circumstances, stifle student voices and preempt open student inquiry, the author concludes that being out is a necessary element of a pedagogy that helps students go through the painful process of self-corrective ethical inquiry. Four scholars respond to the author's essay, which is followed by a final commentary by the author.
In vitro expression of NGN3 identifies RAB3B as the predominant Ras-associated GTP-binding protein 3 family member in human islets

Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) commits pancreatic progenitors to an islet cell fate. We have induced NGN3 expression and identified upregulation of the gene encoding the Ras-associated small molecular mass GTP-binding protein, RAB3B. RAB3B localised to the cytoplasm of human β-cells, both during the foetal period and post natally. Genes encoding alternative RAB3 proteins and RAB27A were unaltered by NGN3 expression and in human adult islets their transcripts were many fold less prevalent than those of RAB3B. The regulation of insulin exocytosis in rodent β-cells and responsiveness to incretins are reliant on Rab family members, notably Rab3a and Rab27a, but not Rab3b. Our results support an important inter-species difference in regulating insulin exocytosis where RAB3B is the most expressed isoform in human islets.
Collaborative Filtering and Deep Learning Based Hybrid Recommendation for Cold Start Problem

Recommender systems (RS) are used by many social networking applications and online e-commercial services. Collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the most popular approaches used for RS. However traditional CF approach suffers from sparsity and cold start problems. In this paper, we propose a hybrid recommendation model to address the cold start problem, which explores the item content features learned from a deep learning neural network and applies them to the timeSVD++ CF model. Extensive experiments are run on a large Netflix rating dataset for movies. Experiment results show that the proposed hybrid recommendation model provides a good prediction for cold start items, and performs better than four existing recommendation models for rating of non-cold start items.
Neural Control of Movement Locomotor activity in spinal cord-injured persons

Dietz, V. , and Susan J. Harkema. Locomotor activity in spinal cord-injured persons. J Appl Physiol 96: 1954–1960, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00942. 2003. — After a spinal cord injury (SCI) of the cat or rat, neuronal centers below the level of lesion exhibit plasticity that can be exploited by specific training paradigms. In individuals with complete or incomplete SCI, human spinal locomotor centers can be activated and modulated by locomotor training (facilitating stepping movements of the legs using body weight support on a treadmill to provide appropriate sensory cues). Individuals with incomplete SCI benefit from locomotor training such that they improve their ability to walk over ground. Loador hip joint-related afferent input seems to be of crucial importance for both the generation of a locomotor pattern and the effectiveness of the training. However, it may be a critical combination of afferent signals that is needed to generate a locomotor pattern after severe SCI. Mobility of individuals after a SCI can be improved by taking advantage of the plasticity of the central nervous system and can be maintained with persistent locomotor activity. In the future, if regeneration approaches can successfully be applied in human SCI, even individuals with complete SCI may recover walking ability with locomotor training.
How Promotional Language in Press Releases Is Dealt With by Journalists: Genre Mixing or Genre Conflict?

This study investigates how promotional language in corporate press releases is dealt with when the release is reused in different journalistic genres. Using a new coding system, it analyzes 89 press releases and their journalistic transformations. Promotional language is shown to be a regular feature of corporate press releases, especially those presenting new products or services. The first press release corpus consisted of releases issued by companies in the airline industry, and the second corpus contained press releases of various large companies operating in the Netherlands. The press releases in the first corpus were generally used in special interest media such as magazines on air travel; these media largely preserved the promotional tone of the press releases, thus exemplifying the tendency of “promotionalization. ” The press releases in the second corpus were used in economics sections of daily papers; these news reports conformed to a more “hard news” register because they did not include most of the promotional elements from press release material.
Construct Bias in the Differential Ability Scales? Confirmatory and Hierarchical Factor Structure across Three Ethnic Groups

The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) is a relatively new and well-received measure of intelligence for children and youth ages 21/2 through 17. Although there is evidence to support the construct validity of the DAS, there is little evidence concerning construct bias in the DAS. The purpose of this research was to test for construct bias in the DAS for children from the three major ethnic groups, and across the entire age range of the DAS. We also sought to determine the nature of the constructs measured across these three groups. Both purposes were accomplished through hierarchical, multisample confirmatory factor analysis of DAS standardization data. The research also illustrates the use of this methodology to perform a comprehensive test of construct bias. Results suggest that the DAS measures the same constructs for all three ethnic groups across the four age levels studied; the DAS, therefore, shows no construct bias across groups. Furthermore, the hierarchical factor structure of the test is quite consistent with the DAS's actual structure, thus supporting the construct validity of the DAS. The DAS's Nonverbal reasoning cluster may be a good measure of fluid intelligence.
Connectedness to Nature and to Humanity: their association and personality correlates

People differ in the extent to which they identify with humans beyond their ingroup and with non-human living things. We refer to the former as the Connectedness to Humanity (CH) and to the latter as the Connectedness to Nature (CN). In a sample of 324 undergraduate students, CH and CN were operationalized using the Identification with All Humanity Scale (McFarland et al., 2012) and the CN Scale (Mayer and Frantz, 2004), respectively. These variables correlated moderately with each other (r = 0.44) and shared Openness to Experience and Honesty–Humility as their primary personality correlates. CN was found to play an important role in mediating the relationships between the two personality variables and some specific pro-environmental/pro-animal attitudes and ecological behaviors.