Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transition between Signal Timing Plans: A Methodological and Analytical Overview

Abstract The transition phase is generally defined as the process of switching from one timing plan to another; this process may include changes in offset, phase split or cycle length until coordination for a new timing plan is reached once again. As noted in the literature, transition phases between timing plans may lead to severe disruptions of traffic flow, resulting in potentially lasting effects. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review, classify and analyse the literature regarding transition between different timing plans to highlight existing research gaps and give researchers a starting point to continue contributing with solutions to the transition problem. Regarding transition approaches, a gap concerning mathematical approaches was deemed significant as a transition could be greatly benefited by simultaneously optimising more than one operational measure of effectiveness through multi-objective mathematical models. Moreover, in the analysis of applied approaches, Shortway algorithms generally outperformed other practical methods under different scenarios.
An econometric analysis of the lead‐lag relationship between India's NSE Nifty and its derivative contracts

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the lead-lag relationships between the National Stock Exchange (NSE) Nifty stock market index (in India) and its related futures and options contracts, and also the interrelation between the derivatives markets. Design/methodology/approach - The paper uses serial correlation of return series and autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model for studying the lead-lag relationship between hourly returns on the NSE Nifty index and its derivatives contracts like futures, call and put options. Further, the lead-lag relation between hourly returns of the derivatives contracts among themselves is also studied using ARMA models. Findings - The ARMA analysis shows that the NSE Nifty derivatives markets tend to lead the underlying stock index. The futures market clearly leads the cash market although this lead appears to be eroding slightly over time. Although the options market leads the cash overall, there is some feedback between the two with the underlying index leading at times. Further, it is found that the index call options lead the index futures more strongly than futures lead calls, while the futures lead puts more strongly than the reverse. Practical implications - The results imply that the derivative contracts on NSE Nifty lead the underlying cash market. Thus, the derivative markets are indicative of futures price movements and this will certainly be helpful to potential investors to design their risk-return portfolio while investing in stocks and derivatives contracts. Originality/value - This paper is an original piece of work towards exploring the lead-lag relation between NSE Nifty and the derivative contracts. The issue of price discovery on futures and spot markets and the lead-lag relationship are topics of interest to traders, financial economists, and analysts.
Management of Human Resources in the Aspect of Innovativeness

The importance of human capital is widely emphasised in the literature as regards the achievement of durable competitive edge. It turns out that a company may achieve an equally durable competitive edge owing to its innovativeness. Which source should be chosen by a company’s managers, which source should they focus their attention and resources on so as not to be driven out of the market – and even more so – to achieve great success on it? This article provides an unambiguous answer to this question. Both these sources are inseparable and must be used simultaneously. The article presents dependencies occurring between Human Resource Management and innovativeness identifying the critical personnel areas from the viewpoint of innovativeness and simultaneously verifying the usefulness of various models of Human Resource Management.
Unrelated Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for an Infant With β-Thalassemia Major

Background: β-thalassemia major, one of the most prevalent hemoglobinopathies throughout the world, can be cured by allogeneic stem cell transplantation therapy. Many patients, however, lack a suitably matched related donor. Unrelated umbilical cord blood can be used as an alternative stem cell source for some of these patients. This report describes the successful transplantation of a 2-month-old infant with β-thalassemia major using partially HLA-matched unrelated umbilical cord blood. Methods: After cytoreduction with busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and antithymocyte globulin (ATG), the patient underwent transplantation at the age of 2 months with a 4/6 HLA matching umbilical cord blood unit from an unrelated donor. Results: The patient engrafted promptly with 100% donor chimerism. His only major complication was an autoimmune hemolytic anemia that resolved 2 years after transplantation. He is currently surviving, event-free, 5 years after transplantation with normal growth and cognitive development and full donor chimerism without evidence of β-thalassemia. Conclusions: Umbilical cord blood transplantation from related and unrelated donors should be considered for patients with β-thalassemia major who lack traditional bone marrow donors. As most newborns undergo screening for hemoglobinopathies, those with disease could be transplanted early in life before experiencing the morbidity and mortality caused by transfusion therapy, alloimmunization, and iron overload, increasing the likelihood of successful transplantation therapy.
Interactive Effects of Race and Depressive Symptoms on Calcification in African American and White Women

Objective: To examine the cross-sectional associations among race, depressive symptoms, and aortic and coronary calcification in a sample of middle-aged women. Depressive symptoms have been associated with atherosclerotic indicators of coronary heart disease (CHD) in white women. Few studies have examined these associations in samples including African American women, or explored whether any observed associations differ by race. Methods: Participants were 508 (38% African American, 62% white) women. Aortic and coronary calcification were measured by electron beam tomography and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were conducted to test associations. Results: In linear regression models adjusted for race, depressive symptoms were associated with a greater amount of aortic calcification (β = 0.03, p = .01), and there was a significant race × depressive symptoms interaction (β = 0.07, p = .006). Findings for depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.0–1.06, p = . 07), and the race × depressive symptoms interaction (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.01–1.18, p = .01) were similar in race-adjusted multinomial logistic regression models predicting high levels of aortic calcification. Race-specific models revealed a significant association between depressive symptoms and aortic calcification in African American, but not white women. Additional adjustments for education, study site, and CHD risk factors did not alter these results. Depressive symptoms were not associated with coronary calcification for women of either racial group. Conclusions: African American women may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of depressive symptoms on early atherosclerotic disease. CHD = coronary heart disease; SWAN = Study of Women's Health Across the Nation; EBT = electron beam tomography; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression; SES = socioeconomic status; FRS = Framingham Risk Score; HDL-c = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI = body mass index; OR = odds ratio; CI = Confidence Interval.
Low-energy buildings – scientific trends and developments

In this book, energy consumption in the household sector is examined. Barriers to and enablers of energy efficiency in households in relation to governmental policy formulation, the implementation and appropriation of technology are discussed. This represents a shift away from the conventional focus on energy supply toward a focus on energy use in everyday life. This shift is urgently needed, since households, policy makers, housing companies, and researchers need deeper knowledge of how energy facilitates necessary functions in people's daily lives. New paths must be developed to smart and climate-friendly energy use that continue to facilitate those lives. This book discusses the existing opportunities to improve energy efficiency, by starting to implement existing knowledge as well as energy efficient technology and solutions.
Hedging with derivatives by Taiwanese listed non-financial companies

This study treated 624 listed companies of non-finance and non-insurance industries in Taiwan from 2006 to 2007 as the samples. It probed into the financial derivatives undertaking of listed companies in Taiwan, and analysed the relation between financial derivatives hedging and corporate characteristics, as well as the factors influencing hedging decision-making and hedging instrument selection. This study is based on event history analysis to deal with the issues of censoring, ties and discrete variables that is superior to traditional regression models. The empirical analysis leads to the following results: companies with more growth investment opportunities, larger company scale and more financial crisis cost will tend to have financial derivatives hedging; as to the influence of industrial factors, electronics, electric machinery and machinery industry is more influential on hedging of financial derivatives undertaking than other industries.
Workplace innovation, employment relations and HRM: two electronics companies in South Korea

Analysing two electronics companies (unionized LG Electronics and non-union Samsung SDI) in Korea, the present paper investigates the impact of union status on workplace innovations and the effects of workplace innovations on organizational performance. Both case firms are considered highly innovative, model companies in terms of their sophisticated human resource management (HRM) and cooperative employment relations (ER). We first provide a conceptual framework and generate three propositions. The framework is composed of three main components: input, organizational system and output. The major findings include: (1) the adoption of high performance work organizations (HPWO) is highly dependent upon top management and union/employee representatives; (2) the two case firms adopted two different production modes (a team production mode in LG Electronics and a lean production mode in Samsung SDI); and (3) alignment among organizational design and work processes, ER systems and HRM systems would lead to high organizational performance. We also discuss the transferability of HPWO to other cultural settings in a universalism-contingency context.
Intertemporal Optimizing Models of Trade and Current Account Balance: A Survey

This study surveys the intertemporal optimizing models of trade and current account balance that were developed, calibrated and empirically tested since they came into vogue in the 1980s. The implications of these models often differ from those of static and dynamic conventional non-optimizing models. The literature on optimizing models has not only grown reasonably fast, but has also witnessed significant advances in methodology, and these models have culminated into a distinct strand of new open-economy macroeconomics. The studies conducted until the late 1980s have used deterministic perfect-foresight models, while several studies conducted since the 1990s relax the perfect-foresight and certainty equivalence assumptions and develop stochastic dynamic general equilibrium models to account for uncertainty confronting the optimizing agents. The future research needs to explore the possibility of tracing any preferred specification of household preferences, model the effect of time-varying discount factor on household utility function and intertemporal budget constraint, examine the role of costs in international trade, place a parallel emphasis on the empirical verifications of theoretical propositions, examine the relative performance of optimizing vis-a-vis non-optimizing models and rationalize the extreme propositions of perfect and imperfect capital mobility in the wake of moderately open capital accounts. Copyright 2007 The Author Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Grease or Sand in the Wheels of Commerce? Firm Level Evidence on Corruption and SMEs

Bribes can either put ‘grease’ or ‘sand’ in the wheels of commerce, affecting firm performance (at the micro‐level) and, ultimately, economic growth (at the macro‐level). This study examines this issue using a unique and exceptionally rich dataset on over 2000 micro, small and medium scale enterprises in over 30 cities in the Philippines. Using instruments such as industry‐location averages of corruption to deal with endogeneity and drawing on unique contextual information on public–private interactions on bribery, this study finds evidence that corruption greases the wheels of commerce for Philippine SMEs, particularly in cities with poor business environments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Signaling Power of Specially Designated Dividends

Abstract We distinguish among the signaling, free cash flow, and wealth transfer hypotheses in explaining the stock price reaction to specially designated dividend (SDD) announcements. In a direct test of the signaling power of SDDs, we find both a larger stock price reaction and a significant upward revision of earnings forecasts for firms with Tobin's q less than one, but not for other firms. Our results support the conditional signaling hypothesis, which predicts greater effects of favorable information for low q firms. Taken together, our results for stock price effects and earnings forecast revisions do not support either the free cash flow or wealth transfer hypotheses.
Bayesian Context Clustering Using Cross Validation for Speech Recognition

This paper proposes Bayesian context clustering using cross validation for hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech recognition. The Bayesian approach is a statistical technique for estimating reliable predictive distributions by treating model parameters as random variables. The variational Bayesian method, which is widely used as an efficient approximation of the Bayesian approach, has been applied to HMM-based speech recognition, and it shows good performance. Moreover, the Bayesian approach can select an appropriate model structure while taking account of the amount of training data. Since prior distributions which represent prior information about model parameters affect estimation of the posterior distributions and selection of model structure (e.g., decision tree based context clustering), the determination of prior distributions is an important problem. However, it has not been thoroughly investigated in speech recognition, and the determination technique of prior distributions has not performed well. The proposed method can determine reliable prior distributions without any tuning parameters and select an appropriate model structure while taking account of the amount of training data. Continuous phoneme recognition experiments show that the proposed method achieved a higher performance than the conventional methods.
Diffusion Monte Carlo Study of Para-Diiodobenzene Polymorphism Revisited.

We revisit our investigation of the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) simulation of para-diiodobenzene (p-DIB) molecular crystal polymorphism. [See J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 1789-1794. ] We perform, for the first time, a rigorous study of finite-size effects and choice of nodal surface on the prediction of polymorph stability in molecular crystals using fixed-node DMC. Our calculations are the largest that are currently feasible using the resources of the K-computer and provide insights into the formidable challenge of predicting such properties from first principles. In particular, we show that finite-size effects can influence the trial nodal surface of a small (1 × 1 × 1) simulation cell considerably. Therefore, we repeated our DMC simulations with a 1 × 3 × 3 simulation cell, which is the largest such calculation to date. We used a density functional theory (DFT) nodal surface generated with the PBE functional, and we accumulated statistical samples with ∼6.4 × 10(5) core hours for each polymorph. Our final results predict a polymorph stability that is consistent with experiment, but they also indicate that the results in our previous paper were somewhat fortuitous. We analyze the finite-size errors using model periodic Coulomb (MPC) interactions and kinetic energy corrections, according to the CCMH scheme of Chiesa, Ceperley, Martin, and Holzmann. We investigate the dependence of the finite-size errors on different aspect ratios of the simulation cell (k-mesh convergence) in order to understand how to choose an appropriate ratio for the DMC calculations. Even in the most expensive simulations currently possible, we show that the finite size errors in the DMC total energies are much larger than the energy difference between the two polymorphs, although error cancellation means that the polymorph prediction is accurate. Finally, we found that the T-move scheme is essential for these massive DMC simulations in order to circumvent population explosions and large time-step biases.
Pathways from school to work: can the competences acquired in leisure activities improve the construction of pathways?

The transition from school to work has been intensely examined by different disciplines. However, this transition has rarely been examined in relation to the experiences acquired by young people in their free time, from a longitudinal perspective. This article analyses the impact of one type of experience, membership in organisations, in the young people’s pathways of transition. The aims are first to contribute to the theoretical debate on this transition, and secondly to develop tools for analysing quantitative and qualitative data based on an empirical study performed in Catalonia in 2005. The conclusions reached aim to drive not only the academic debate but also the political discussion on a key issue: how to act to improve the most vulnerable pathways.
Simultaneous measurement of beta-amyloid(1-42), total tau, and phosphorylated tau (Thr181) in cerebrospinal fluid by the xMAP technology.

BACKGROUND To simultaneously study several biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD), we used the xMAP technology to develop and evaluate a multiparametric bead-based assay for quantification of beta-amyloid((1-42)) [Abeta((1-42))], total tau (T-TAU), and hyperphosphorylated tau [P-TAU((181P))] in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). METHODS We compared the new multianalyte assay format with established ELISA techniques for the same proteins. We then performed a clinical study using CSF samples from patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment with progression to AD, healthy controls, and patients with other neurologic disorders. RESULTS The INNO-BIA AlzBio3 selectively and specifically measured Abeta((1-42)), T-TAU, and P-TAU((181P)) in the CSF. The new assay format had intra- and interassay CVs <10% for all analytes, even at low concentrations. The measurement range of the new assay was 3 to 4 logs compared with 1 to 2 logs for ELISAs. By plotting the mean of the values obtained in ELISA and the xMAP technology against the difference, we found that a correction factor could be used to convert xMAP results to ELISA values. The clinical study demonstrated that the new multiparametric assay could accurately distinguish patients with AD from patients with other neurologic disorders or control patients, with the diagnostic accuracy reaching recommended consensus criteria for specificity and sensitivity. CONCLUSION The new multiparametric method may be able to replace the corresponding ELISA methods.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Ownership and Performance in a Family-Based Corporate Environment

This study examines the relationship between family ownership and firm performance in a family-based corporate environment in which managerial ownership is used as a proxy for family ownership. The relationship is in cubic form with a pattern of “entrenchment-alignment-entrenchment,” which is the reverse of that found in earlier U.S. and U.K. studies. This confirms that research based on U.S. and U.K. evidence is not applicable to East-Asian corporations due to the differences in ownership concentration. Taking the endogeneity issue into consideration, the simultaneous equations regression analysis confirms that in a family-owned corporate structure, ownership affects performance and not vice versa. The wide range of alignment in the nonmonotonic relationship supports the classical “convergence of interest” hypothesis. However, at a very high level of ownership, the entrenchment effect becomes dominant. This indicates that if the family form of ownership can be controlled and made use of appropriately, firm performance can be optimized due to convergence of interest. It also follows that a company with high ownership concentration should pay even more attention to improving corporate governance practices in order to enhance its performance.
Investigating the temporal resolution limits of scintillation detection from pixellated elements: comparison between experiment and simulation

This study investigates the physical limitations involved in the extraction of accurate timing information from pixellated scintillation detectors for positron emission tomography (PET). Accurate physical modeling of the scintillation detection process, from scintillation light generation through detection, is devised and performed for varying detector attributes, such as the crystal element length, light yield, decay time and surface treatment. The dependence of light output and time resolution on these attributes, as well as on the photon interaction depth (DoI) of the annihilation quanta within the crystal volume, is studied and compared with experimental results. A theoretical background which highlights the importance of different time blurring factors for instantaneous (‘ideal’) and exponential (‘realistic’) scintillation decay is developed and compared with simulated data. For the case of a realistic scintillator, our experimental and simulation findings suggest that dependence of detector performance on DoI is more evident for crystal elements with rough (‘as cut’) compared to polished surfaces (maximum observed difference of 64% (25%) and 22% (19%) in simulation (measurement) for light output and time resolution, respectively). Furthermore we observe distinct trends of the detector performance dependence on detector element length and surface treatment. For short crystals (3 × 3 × 5 mm3) an improvement in light output and time resolution for ‘as cut’ compared to polished crystals is observed (3% (7%) and 9% (9%) for simulation (measurement), respectively). The trend is reversed for longer crystals (3 × 3 × 20 mm3) and an improvement in light output and time uncertainty for polished compared to ‘as cut’ crystals is observed (36% (6%) and 40% (20%) for simulation (measurement), respectively). The results of this study are used to guide the design of PET detectors with combined time of flight (ToF) and DoI features.