Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open-mindedness in diverse team performance: investigating a three-way interaction

Studies have shown that open-minded dynamics contribute to diverse team effectiveness; however, there are few studies on the factors that influence the impact of open-mindedness. Survey data from 218 members of 47 professionally diverse teams support a significant relationship between open-mindedness and performance. Professional identification and professional salience were found to moderate the relationship with opposing effects. The study data indicate that although open-mindedness provides a context that facilitates the open exchange and discussion of diverse ideas and perspectives in interprofessional teams, this is less influential when members strongly identify with their profession. Conversely, member focus on professional differences enhances the value of team interaction characterised by receptiveness and openness. Analysis confirms a three-way interaction between open-mindedness, professional identification and salience on performance.
Exploring the Effects of Communication Framed by Environmental Concern in Informal Science Education Contexts

Zoos exist in part to promote conservation education and behaviors that are considered to have less of an impact on the environment. Effective communication with visitors is critical to achieve this outcome. Researchers examined the relationship between individuals’ environmental concern, feelings of inclusion with nature, and preferences for statements that are framed by environmental concern (Schultz, 2001). Findings from the study suggest that zoo visitors have high levels of biospheric concern and in general prefer statements framed by biospheric concern. When given multiple statements, each framed by a separate environmental concern, we found a correlation between the visitors rating of each statement and their level of the type of concern the statement aligned with. Implications of these findings include the need to consider context when framing messages and that biospheric framed messages are preferred when there is only one choice of frame. However, using multiple messages framed by a variety of concerns may prove the most effective way of communicating to zoo visitors.
Cointegration and Causality between Exports and Economic Growth: Evidence from the ASEAN Countries

The relationship between exports and economic growth occupies the center stage in development policy. While earlier regression results uncovered a positive correlation between exports and economic growth, attention has now shifted to the direction of causality. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the causal relationship between exports and economic growth for the five member countries of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. The economic success of the Asian NICs (newly industrializing countries) has prompted all countries in the region to pursue aggressive export promotion strategies, and some countries have indeed achieved rapid economic growth. But the answer to the primary question as to whether export expansion causes economic growth remains obscure.
The Sec's XBRL Voluntary Filing Program on EDGAR: A Case for Quality Assurance

SUMMARY: XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) was developed to provide users with an efficient and effective means of preparing and exchanging business reporting, and especially financial information over the Internet. After years of development, XBRL is now in the implementation stage, with many companies, governments, regulators, and stock exchanges around the world implementing or planning to adopt XBRL for electronic filing of financial reports and other business documents and filings. In this paper, we examine the XBRL-Related Documents furnished to the SEC’s XBRL Voluntary Filing Program (VFP) on EDGAR from its inception to December 31, 2007, and report findings from our observations and validation tests. We identify persistent and increasing quality control and assurance issues pertaining to the XBRL-Related Documents furnished under the VFP and discuss potential countermeasures needed to ensure that XBRL-Related Documents are reliable and gain user confidence and acceptance.
Distribution of adrenergic nerves in the eye and some related structures in the cat.

With the specific and highly sensitive fluorescence technique of Falck and Hillarp, the distribution of adrenergic nerves has been studied in the eye and some related structures in the cat. Adrenergic nerves occur in the cornea, in the loose connective tissue at the limbus, in the tissues of the chamber angle and in the iridic stroma. The large vessels of the iris possess the same spacious arrangement of the adrenergic fibres as is seen in many other mammals. Both the sphincter and the dilator pupillae have a rich supply of varicose adrenergic fibres. There is a layer of varicose adrenergic fibres under the ciliary epithelium and in the ciliary processes. In the retina, there is a layer of adrenergic fibres between the inner nuclear and the inner plexiform layers, as well as adrenergic nerve cells both in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. The tarsal muscle as well as the muscle of the nictitating membrane has a wide-meshed plexus of adrenergic nerves. In the lacrimal gland, seemingly every secretory cell is reached by an adrenergic fibre.
Modeling Channel Thermal Noise and Induced Gate Noise in Junctionless FETs

This paper presents analytical expressions for channel noise, induced gate noise (IGN), and cross-correlation noise in a long-channel junctionless (JL) double-gate MOSFET. The analytical relationships, which have been derived from a coherent charge-based model, are validated with technology computer-aided design simulations, and the figures of merit have been compared with the inversion mode FETs. For a given current, we found that the channel thermal noise is very similar for both architectures, whereas the IGN is slightly decreased in the JL FETs.
Direct observation of transfer of angular momentum to absorptive particles from a laser beam with a phase singularity.

Black or reflective particles can be trapped in the dark central minimum of a doughnut laser beam produced using a high efficiency computer generated hologram. Such beams carry angular momentum due to the helical wave-front structure associated with the central phase singularity even when linearly polarized. Trapped absorptive particles spin due to absorption of this angular momentum transferred from the singularity beam. The direction of spin can be reversed by changing the sign of the singularity.
We are the 'Who Dat' Nation: city identity, narratives of renewal, and football fandom in New Orleans public realm

Research often frames the relationship between sports and the city in terms of economics as researchers debate the costs and benefits of using public subsidies to build stadiums, retain professional teams and host mega-events. However, people assign symbolic or intangible values to their home sports teams that cannot be measured through economic frameworks. My research examined the ways in which urban residents create value around their home professional sports team that other researchers dismissed as hard to measure. Using the New Orleans Saints as a case study, this research incorporated interviews, questionnaires, content analysis and participant observation to provide greater access to the meanings people associate with the experience of being a Saints fan. After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in 2005, Saints fans used their team to build a narrative of renewal and deliver messages about city recovery. These meaningful local narratives reinforced a feeling of connectedness to the city and created collective identities among diverse urban residents. The Who Dat Nation created a sense of fandom that existed outside the confines of the publicly funded stadium on game day as people encountered indicators of Saints fandom through everyday lived experiences. Through shared experiences surrounding Saints football, fans fostered public sociability and meaningful relationships across social differences. In addition, the findings outline ways in which locals embraced NFL hype and the commodification of professional football while also engineering local cultural adaptations to the economic dimensions of sport. Through the story of the Saints in New Orleans, we can see sport spaces as a combination of symbolism and practice where sporting and urban affiliations are interrelated in complex ways through the construction of identity, culture, and commercialism. This dissertation presents spaces of sports fandom as places of empowerment to challenge, renegotiate, and rethink difference where sport spaces embody constructions of race, urban place, gender and identity. This study shows how spaces of sport fandom can be spaces to negotiate a sense of community identity and foster repetitive civil interactions. This provokes discussion on the extent to which sport fan activities influence changes in social interaction across race and gender differences.
Stability and Change at FPTL: An Institutional Perspective

Once institutionalised, routines are a force for stability and resistance to change. This creates a problem for institutional theorists in explaining changes in accounting practice. This paper attempts to illustrate that institutional theory can encompass a processual explanation of change, through a case study of Fiji Posts and Telecommunications Limited (FPTL). We illustrate how institutional contradictions or inconsistencies were an impetus to institutional change in the organisation. Institutional entrepreneurs were instrumental in abandoning the existing routines and introducing new commercial ones. The commercial business norms were stabilised by the management team through the process of enactment, reproduction and routinisation.
Equity Home Bias, Incomplete Financial Markets, and Nominal Rigidities

This paper analyzes optimal portfolio decisions in a monetary open-economy framework. It is found that market completeness and the specific form of nominal rigidities, namely, nominal price vs. nominal wage rigidities, matter for justifying the observed structure of equity holdings. When markets are complete, sticky prices generate a negative correlation between the non-diversifiable labour income and the profit of domestic firms with respect to the productivity shocks, which explains why households invest little abroad. In contrast, when markets are incomplete, rigidities in goods prices result in a counterfactual `super home bias', because domestic equities provide a good hedge against not only the labour income risk but also the relative price risk. Wage rigidities, however, have the opposite effect. Therefore, nominal rigidities in both goods prices and wage rates are needed to address the empirical composition of gross equity positions under incomplete markets.
Lending to Uncreditworthy Borrowers

We study optimal lending behavior in situations where borrowers’ outside options increase with their creditworthiness. Creditworthiness is private information of borrowers. Lenders use collateral as a screening mechanism to address this adverse selection problem. A lender seeking to attract creditworthy borrowers with high reservation payoffs (while screening out uncreditworthy types) must offer contracts with sufficiently low interest rates and, consequently, high collateral requirements. Because higher collateral requirements raise screening costs, however, lenders favor pooling uncreditworthy borrowers over screening them—in essence, a lowering of credit standards. Lending costs determine break-even offers that rival incumbents can offer borrowers. Accordingly, a lender faces borrowers whose reservation payoffs depend on the lender’s cost advantage over rival incumbent lenders. Our results imply that screening is more likely to occur in markets with a greater disparity in lending costs. Conversely, when funding markets are intensely competitive, lenders are more likely to resort to pooling. This paper also rationalizes the phenomenon of cream-skimming by outside (foreign) lenders as an equilibrium of the model. Surprisingly, we find that the presence of an informed rival actually facilitates cream-skimming by an uninformed lender.
Agroforestry as alternative land-use production systems for the tropics.

The science of agroforestry has progressed significantly during the past three decades. This article describes and documents various prominent traditional agroforestry systems. In-depth research on interactive processes of some agrisilvicultural systems have been undertaken and quantified. It has been found that the presence of woody species can enhance nutrient cycling, and can improve soil productivity, soil conservation and soil biotic and faunal activities. In simultaneous systems however, their presence can also cause competition with the associated food crops. Most agroforestry systems constitute ecologically and bio-physically sustainable land use systems. Some are highly sustainable and economically viable, in particular the highly complex and specialized types, such as the damar and rubber agroforests in Indonesia. Agroforestry systems have potential uses in stabilization of sloping lands and buffer zones around forest reserves, for recovering degraded lands, and for improving the productivity of the bush fallow system. Despite rapid progress in biophysical research, field application of the science of agroforestry is still minimal. This article examines the possibilities of exploring the multiple contributions of trees to food security, rural income generation, diversity of products and ecosystem conservation within sustainable agroforestry contexts. Research efforts in the new millennium need to focus more on practical research and also on socio-economic and policy factors that can enhance beneficial application of the science in the near future to smallholder farmers in the tropics.
Empirical research on private entrepreneur human capital in China and enterprises' growth performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to locate those entrepreneur human capital elements which significantly influence an enterprise's growth performance, within both high‐tech and traditional enterprises, thereby helping entrepreneurs understand that human capital elements will provide different impacts within different industries.Design/methodology/approach – Under some necessary research assumptions, the statistical analysis described in this paper uses data collected from a questionnaire survey and is performed under the SPSS16.0 Program.Findings – An enterprise growth model is built from the perspectives of entrepreneur human capital. Analysis shows that human capital elements of the same entrepreneur have different impacts on the performance of business growth in different industries. The theoretical model provides a better explanation of the high‐tech enterprises' growth performance. Innovation and business growth performances from a high‐tech enterprise have greater reliance on human capital of .
Identifying Factors in Human Trafficking

IDENTIFYING FACTORS IN HUMAN TRAFFICKING Patrice M. Broderick 31 March 2005 This thesis reviews the transnational problem of human trafficking, a form of slavery. Women and children are trafficked within and between countries at an alarming rate and it has become a prime agenda for the Bush Administration and the Department of State to call for action and solutions to. This thesis opens with a defining of this problem and overview of the scope of the problem on a global scale. It reviews social, political and economic factors which play a role. It describes laws enacted and police responses and describes what research has been conducted to get a grasp of what is involved and what might be done. This author decided to explore factors that other researchers have suggested are “compelling factors” in victimization. This research hypothesis for this thesis explores the economic factors. Comparisons are made between countries of origin where victims originate from and destination countries where they are trafficked to. The research findings reveal some significant differences in economic factors exist between the origin and destination countries. The findings lend support in why victims iii feel compelled to seek entrance to countries like the U.S. and Australia or U.K. and might be easy prey for traffickers. This author makes it clear that the research here does not mean that this is why they are victimized. Further research with victim surveys and victim interviews will be helpful. Furthermore, it will be valuable to conduct more exploration of the economic factors, but more accurate data sources are needed. It is recommended that countries attempt to establish more standardized criteria for reporting economic data. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express praise to Almighty God for his gracious abundance of his love for giving me the gift of writing, to use me as an instrument to convey information to others of this hurtful pervasive crime against His people. Secondly, I wish to express my gratitude to my parents for their genes related to compassion and writing abilities. I am thankful to my thesis advisor, Dr. Hal Campbell, PhD, for all his advise and assistance throughout this difficult and sometimes trying project as I encountered first hand what the thesis process is supposed to teach about the “how to” of conducting research properly and how one relinquishes control when one uses secondary sources and or uses sources requiring permissions. Along those same lines, I owe thanks to Sarah Harrison of the InterUniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research for helping me as I tried to obtain restricted victim data, even though it wasn’t possible for me to obtain it. I at least learned the process that is involved for students and for other researchers. I am grateful to my fellow classmates for their support and encouragement along the way.
Agency Costs of Corporate Risk Management

This paper discusses a potential cost of corporate risk management strategies that are based on cash-flow hedging. Cash-flow hedging strategies allow firms to avoid the deadweight costs of external financing by setting their internal cash flows equal to their investment needs. In the presence of agency conflicts between managers and shareholders, these hedging strategies can be used to reduce shareholder wealth, insofar as they remove the valuable discipline that obtaining new external financing imposes on managers.
Evolution of Patients With Immediate Complete Facial Paralysis Secondary to Acoustic Neuroma Surgery

Objective: To study the evolution of patients with immediate complete facial paralysis after acoustic neuroma surgery in different scenarios and assess different facial reanimations techniques. Methods: This study included 50 patients with complete facial paralysis immediately after acoustic neuroma surgery. Data were analyzed into 4 groups according to the need and type of reconstruction of the facial nerve, either none, immediate, or on a deferred basis. All patients had intraoperative facial nerve monitoring, and facial nerve function was evaluated according the House-Brackmann (HB) scale. Results: Of all patients with immediate total paralysis, no patients achieved totally normal facial function (grade I), and only 5 (10%) recovered to a grade II. For all groups included, the majority of patients (82%) achieved an acceptable final facial function (grade III HB). In this series, only 2 patients remained with a grade VI facial function. Conclusions: The possibility of recovering near normal facial function after a grade VI facial paralysis is very low. Procedures like the immediate repair of the facial nerve with an interposed donor graft may provide better facial function in patients with partially injured facial nerve. Even in cases of total section, there are other procedures that can improve the results.
The Economics of the U.S. Ethanol Import Tariff with a Blend Mandate and Tax Credit

U.S. import tariffs on ethanol are designed to offset a tax credit that benefits U.S. and foreign producers alike. The tax credit is an ethanol consumption subsidy but ethanol market prices increase by almost the full amount of the credit as the impact on world oil prices is small. Therefore, removing the tariff has a small impact on U.S. ethanol prices but increases the world price by almost the full tariff. Eliminating both the tariff and tax credit has the exact opposite effect: U.S. prices decline by almost the tariff (equal to the tax credit) while world prices remain essentially unchanged. With a mandate instead, an import tariff equal to the initial premium will necessarily result in a further increase in domestic ethanol prices as the resulting decline in imports requires more domestic supply to fulfill the mandate. This moderates the world price depressing effects of the tariff. For a given import tariff and price premium of ethanol over gasoline, exporters like Brazil therefore prefer mandates over tax credits but ideally only a mandate and no tax credit or tariff.
Characterization of SAGE Mdr1a (P-gp), Bcrp, and Mrp2 Knockout Rats Using Loperamide, Paclitaxel, Sulfasalazine, and Carboxydichlorofluorescein Pharmacokinetics

Transporter gene knockout rats are practically advantageous over murine models for pharmacokinetic and excretion studies, but their phenotypic characterization is lacking. At present, relevant aspects of pharmacokinetics, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of transporter probes [P-glycoprotein (P-gp): loperamide and paclitaxel; breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp): sulfasalazine; and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2): carboxydichlorofluorescein] were studied systematically across SAGE P-gp, Bcrp, and Mrp2 knockout rats. In Mdr1a knockout rats, loperamide and paclitaxel oral bioavailability was 2- and 4-fold increased, respectively, whereas clearance was significantly reduced (40–42%), consistent with the expected 10- to 20-fold reduction in paclitaxel excretion. N-Desmethyl-loperamide pharmacokinetics were not altered in any of the three knockouts after oral loperamide. In rats lacking P-gp, paclitaxel brain partitioning was significantly increased (4-fold). This finding is consistent with observations of loperamide central nervous system opioid pharmacology in Mdr1a knockout rats. Sulfasalazine oral bioavailability was markedly increased 21-fold in Bcrp knockouts and, as expected, was also 2- to 3-fold higher in P-gp and Mrp2 knockout rats. The sulfapyridine metabolite/parent ratio was decreased 10-fold in rats lacking Bcrp after oral, but not intravenous, sulfasalazine administration. Carboxydichlorofluorescein biliary excretion was obliterated in Mrp2 knockout rats, resulting in 25% decreased systemic clearance and 35% increased half-life. In contrast, carboxydichlorofluorescein renal clearance was not impaired in the absence of Mrp2, Bcrp, or P-gp. In conclusion, SAGE Mdr1a, Bcrp, and Mrp2 knockout rats generally demonstrated the expected phenotypes with respect to alterations in pharmacokinetics of relevant probe substrates; therefore, these knockout rats can be used as an alternative to murine models whenever a larger species is practically advantageous or more relevant to the drug discovery/development program.