Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping therapy: A treatment programme for agrammatism

Abstract Agrammatic aphasics demonstrate sensitivity to syntactic structure although they generally fail to make adequate use of structural information in producing and comprehending sentences. Under the ‘mapping hypothesis’ (cf. Schwartz et at. 1987), the agrammatic performance pattern is taken to reflect impaired mapping between grammatical constituents (subject, object) and thematic roles (agent, theme). We describe a treatment programme (‘mapping therapy’) directed at the remediation of mapping operations, and report results of a study designed to assess the effects of this intervention on comprehension and production. Eight chronic non-fluent aphasics were trained to identify the verb, agent, and patient/theme in sentences presented in a combined writtenspoken format. Three types of sentences were used: active transitives with action verbs (Type A); active transitives with experiential verbs (Type B), and non-canonical sentence types (e.g. passives) with action verbs (Type C). The first phase of trai.
Defining Social Work for the 21st Century

The IFSW recently adopted a new joint international de.nition of social work, together with the IASSW. The de.nition embraces both traditional social work activities and social development, and addresses social work knowledge, values and practice in an age of globalization. This article analyzes the concepts selected and explains their meaning and signi.cance for the profession.
Explicit Solution of Inventory Problems with Delivery Lags

We consider a continuous-time inventory system with fixed delivery lag, subject to a demand modelled as a diffusion process with drift. Excess demand is backlogged. We prove that the optimal ordering policy is a function of the sum of the stock on hand and the stock ordered but not yet delivered. Moreover, we state a relation linking the value function when orders are pending with the value function when no order is pending. As a consequence, the a priori infinite dimensional Quasi-Variational inequality QVI satisfied by the value function reduces to a finite dimensional one. The one-product inventory problem is then solved explicitly in the case of linear holding and shortage costs with fixed and proportional ordering cost. The optimal policy is determined; it is an s, S policy applied to the sum of stock on hand and orders pending, which means that when this sum decays below a critical level s, an order to level S is placed.
Comparing Business and Household Sector Innovation in Consumer Products: Findings from a Representative Study in the United Kingdom

In a first survey of its type, we measure development and modification of consumer products by product users in a representative sample of 1,173 UK consumers age 18 and older. We estimate this previously unmeasured type of household sector innovation to be quite large: 6.1% of UK consumers---nearly 2.9 million individuals---have engaged in consumer product innovation during the prior three years. In aggregate, consumers' annual product development expenditures are more than 1.4 times larger than the annual consumer product R&D expenditures of all firms in the United Kingdom combined. Consumers engage in many small projects that seem complementary to the innovation efforts of incumbent producers. Consumer innovators very seldom protect their innovations via intellectual property, and 17% diffuse to others. These results imply that, at the country level, productivity studies yield inflated effect sizes for producer innovation in consumer goods. They also imply that existing companies should reconfigure their product development systems to find and build on prototypes developed by consumers. This paper was accepted by Lee Fleming, entrepreneurship and innovation.
"It's Almost Like I Have a Job, but I Don't Get Paid": Fathers at Home Reconfiguring Work, Care, and Masculinity

Rooted in a qualitative research project with 70 stay-at-home fathers in Canada, this paper explores the ways that work and family interact for fathers who “trade cash for care. ” While fathers are at home, they also remain connected to traditionally masculine sources of identity such as paid work and they take on unpaid masculine self-provisioning work at home and community work that builds on traditional male interests. They thus carve out complex sets of relations between home, paid and unpaid work, community work, and their own sense of masculinity. Narratives from stay-at-home fathers speak volumes about the ways in which the long shadow of hegemonic masculinity hangs over them while also pointing to hints of resistance and change as fathers begin to critique concepts of “male time” and market capitalism approaches to work and care. The paper concludes by pointing to several theoretical contributions to research on fatherhood and masculinities as well as to policy implications that arise from this study on the social valuing of unpaid work.
BASIC PENTACYSTEINE1, a GA Binding Protein That Induces Conformational Changes in the Regulatory Region of the Homeotic Arabidopsis Gene SEEDSTICK

The mechanisms for the regulation of homeotic genes are poorly understood in most organisms, including plants. We identified BASIC PENTACYSTEINE1 (BPC1) as a regulator of the homeotic Arabidopsis thaliana gene SEEDSTICK (STK), which controls ovule identity, and characterized its mechanism of action. A combination of tethered particle motion analysis and electromobility shift assays revealed that BPC1 is able to induce conformational changes by cooperative binding to purine-rich elements present in the STK regulatory sequence. Analysis of STK expression in the bpc1 mutant showed that STK is upregulated. Our results give insight into the regulation of gene expression in plants and provide the basis for further studies to understand the mechanisms that control ovule identity in Arabidopsis.
Gender differences in educational attainment: the case of doctoral degrees in Norway

Despite strong trends in most Western countries towards gender equality in educational attainments, men are still considerably more likely to obtain doctoral degrees. Using data comprising nearly all students graduating from Norwegian universities during 1981–1996, separate event history analyses are carried out of recruitment to and completion of doctoral studies. Multilevel models are used to take both differences among individuals and among educational fields into account. With regard to recruitment, a moderate gender difference is partly accounted for by men’s higher grades. Children have no impact for either gender. The remaining gender difference could be due to discrimination, but the fact that this difference is not larger in predominantly male fields is an argument against this. There is no overall gender difference in completion probabilities. Men, however, seem more likely to drop out of their studies in applied fields, probably due to attractive opportunities in the non‐academic labour market.
FDG PET measurement of the proliferative potential of non-small cell lung cancer.

UNLABELLED The goals of this study were to correlate FDG uptake with cell proliferation and cellular density in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS Thirty-one patients with 32 non-small cell lung cancers were examined with FDG PET. For semiquantitative analysis, standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated. All patients underwent thoracotomy within 4 wk after the FDG PET study. Cell proliferation was immunohistochemically assessed as the relative number of cells expressing the proliferating cell nuclear antigen ([PCNA] labeling index). Cellular density was also evaluated using light microscopy. RESULTS SUVs correlated significantly with PCNA labeling index (r = 0.740; P < 0.0001) but only weakly with cellular density (r = 0.392; P = 0.0266). High FDG uptake correlated with high PCNA expression. The PCNA labeling index and SUVs were significantly lower in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 8) (12.3 +/- 9.45% and 1.45 +/- 0.76, respectively) than in nonbronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 19) (33.5 +/- 21.8%, P = 0.015, and 3.75 +/- 1.93, P = 0.003, respectively). However, no significant differences in cellular density were seen between bronchioloalveolar carcinomas and nonbronchioloalveolar carcinomas. CONCLUSION FDG uptake is related to cell proliferation rather than to the cellular density of non-small cell lung cancer.
Changing education through learning spaces: impacts of the Portuguese school buildings’ renovation programme

In this article we present findings from the evaluation study of a nation-wide school renovation programme in Portugal. The aim is to analyse policy implementation, taking into account school community participation, discussing how the programme requirement to involve users in the renovation was met, examining perceptions of the programme’s pedagogical principles and the impact on teaching and learning models. The analysis shows that the upgrading of schools increased pride in and responsibility for the school. But teaching practices in schools remain set in a traditional mould. Tensions remain between the objectives defined at the political level and effective conditions for learning.
CRITERIA FOR THE RETURN TO SPORT AFTER RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (RACL)

Background: One of the objectives of the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (RACL) is the return of athletes to existing activity before the injury. Thus, it is essential to understand the variables that influence the return. Associations between the return to sport and the variables representing the strength of the quadriceps, instability and symmetry of the members, and the psychological state have not been studied in athletes following the RACL. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to summarize the literature relating to the proposed variables to be associated with the return to sport following a reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. Method: During this study, we searched electronic databases, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Database to find the most recent articles about returning to the sport after the RACL criteria. Therefore, the articles included in this review meets these criteria: 1) patients who underwent a RACL; 2) reported at least one measurement of quadriceps strength, symmetry between members, and the psychological state; 3) the return to the sport identified by subjective measures or action to identify the level of sports participation of patients; and 4) any relationship analysis between the measures and the return to sport. Conclusion: Despite the fact that there are a number of important criteria influencing the return to sport, some have remained critical which have been considered and supported. By analyzing the items, the following results were obtained as described below: European Scientific Journal December 2015 /SPECIAL/ edition Vol.1 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e ISSN 18577431 222 A quadriceps strength [IQ = 90%] and a motivating psychological state are the two criteria that ensures sport participation and reduction of the rate of re-injury or injury to the contralateral side. However, other criteria should not be neglected, with a view of their interaction with quadriceps strength and psychological status influence on the overall condition of the athlete wishing to return to the sport.
Insecure to the touch: attacking ZigBee 3.0 via touchlink commissioning

Hundred millions of Internet of Things devices implement ZigBee, a low-power mesh network standard, and the number is expected to be growing. To facilitate an easy integration of new devices into a ZigBee network, touchlink commissioning was developed. It was adopted in the latest specifications, ZigBee 3.0, which were released to the public in December 2016, as one of two commissioning options for ZigBee devices. ZigBee 3.0 products can be used in various applications, also including security-critical products such as door locks and intruder alarm systems. The aim of this work is to warn about a further adoption of this commissioning mode. We analyze the security of touchlink commissioning procedure and present novel attacks that make direct use of standard's features, showing that this commissioning procedure is insecure by design. We release an open-source penetration testing framework to evaluate the practical implications of these vulnerabilities. Evaluating our tools on popular ZigBee-certified products, we demonstrate that a passive eavesdropper can extract key material from a distance of 130 meters. Furthermore, an active attacker is able to take-over devices from distances of 190 meters. Our analysis concludes that even a single touchlink-enabled device is sufficient to compromise the security of a ZigBee 3.0 network, and therefore, touchlink commissioning should not be supported in any future ZigBee products.
The Evolution of Lateralized Brain Circuits

In the vast clade of animals known as the bilateria, cerebral and behavioral asymmetries emerge against the backdrop of bilateral symmetry, with a functional trade-off between the two. Asymmetries can lead to more efficient processing and packaging of internal structures, but at the expense of efficient adaptation to a natural world without systematic left-right bias. Asymmetries may arise through the fissioning of ancestral structures that are largely symmetrical, creating new circuits. In humans these may include asymmetrical adaptations to language and manufacture, and as one or other hemisphere gains dominance for functions that were previously represented bilaterally. This is best illustrated in the evolution of such functions as language and tool manufacture in humans, which may derive from the mirror-neuron system in primates, but similar principles probably apply to the many other asymmetries now evident in a wide range of animals. Asymmetries arise in largely independent manner with multi-genetic sources, rather than as a single over-riding principle.
Comparison between Information Rates Generated by Rotary Hand and Arm Movements

This study compared the performance for rotary hand and arm movements in the vertical plane in a target-aiming task. The results show that hand movements produce an information rate of some 11 bits/sec. , which is (a) 30% higher than that generated by arm movements at the elbow joint, (b) 134% higher than that generated by arm rotations in the horizontal plane with the elbow free, and (c) twice the rate of linear hand movements. Significant performance differences were noted between individuals (n = 5).
The use of language by trained and untrained experienced wine tasters

A comparison was made between a highly experienced and a highly experienced and formally trained group of wine tasters in their ability to effectively communicate about wine. The ability to match a wine to a description was used to assess the description's communicative value. Both groups matched three Chardonnay wines to peer generated descriptions. The untrained group also matched wines to consensus descriptions produced by experienced enologists. Both groups were able to match wines to descriptions well above that expected by chance with the performance of the trained group being better in this regard. The best matching performance was attained by the untrained group matching to the expert consensus descriptions. Descriptions correctly matched by the trained group contained a significantly higher number of concrete tactile and palate intensity terms while the use of terms describing the complex dimensions of wine by the untrained mitigated against information transfer. Untrained panelists used concrete terms as cues for identification, while trained panelists relied more on vague and abstract terms. The results also suggest that descriptions are interpreted by both trained and untrained experienced tasters in a synthetic rather than analytic fashion.
Integrating health economics modeling in the product development cycle of medical devices: A Bayesian approach

Objectives: Medical device companies are under growing pressure to provide health-economic evaluations of their products. Cost-effectiveness analyses are commonly undertaken as a one-off exercise at the late stage of development of new technologies; however, the benefits of an iterative use of economic evaluation during the development process of new products have been acknowledged in the literature. Furthermore, the use of Bayesian methods within health technology assessment has been shown to be of particular value in the dynamic framework of technology appraisal when new information becomes available in the life cycle of technologies. Methods: In this study, we set out a methodology to adapt these methods for their application to directly support investment decisions in a commercial setting from early stages of the development of new medical devices. Results and Conclusions: Starting with relatively simple analysis from the very early development phase and proceeding to greater depth of analysis at later stages, a Bayesian approach facilitates the incorporation of all available evidence and would help companies to make better informed choices at each decision point.
Pharmacologic Inhibition of MEK–ERK Signaling Enhances Th17 Differentiation

The cytokines and transcription factors that promote Th17 cell development have been extensively studied. However, the signaling pathways that antagonize Th17 differentiation remain poorly characterized. In this study, we report that pharmacologic inhibition of MEK–ERK signaling enhances the in vitro differentiation of Th17 cells and increases their gene expression of il-17a, il-17f, il-21, il-22, and il-23r. IL-2, which suppresses Th17 differentiation via STAT5 activation, also acts through ERK signaling to inhibit Th17 generation. In turn, ERK signaling is found to potentiate the production of IL-2 and activate STAT5, suggesting the existence of an autoregulatory loop to constrain Th17 development. Finally, compared with the transfer of untreated Th17 cells, the transfer of ERK-inhibited Th17 cells leads to accelerated onset and exacerbated colitis in immunodeficient mice. Our data indicate that MEK–ERK signaling negatively regulates Th17 differentiation in a Th cell-intrinsic manner.
Social Impacts

This article examines the state of the art in telework research. The author reviews the most central scholarly literature examining the phenomenon of telework (also called home-based work or telecommuting) and develops a framework for organizing this body of work. She organizes previous research on telework into six major thematic concerns relating to the definition, measurement, and scope of telework; management of teleworkers; travel-related impacts of telework; organizational culture and employee isolation; boundaries between “home” and “work”; and the impact of telework on the individual and the family. Areas for future research are suggested.
Effects of rosiglitazone--peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist on cell viability of human pituitary adenomas in vitro.

OBJECTIVES Rosiglitazone (RGZ) belongs to thiazolidinediones - new class of antidiabetic drugs which are PPARgamma agonists. It was shown that tumoral tissue, including the pituitary adenomas, posses PPARgamma receptors. The activation of PPARgamma receptors inhibits tumour growth in rodents and induces the oncostatic effect on human cancer cell lines. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-tumour effect of RGZ on human pituitary adenomas in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells of eight pituitary adenomas removed neurosurgically were used to our experiment. Before the operation, the hormonal secretion of the tumour was estimated. After the surgery, the histological diagnosis and immunohistochemical detection of pituitary hormones and PPARgamma receptors were performed. The cells of pituitary tumours were exposed in the primary culture to RGZ at the concentrations of 10(-9)-10(-4) M for 24 hours. To measure the cell growth the modified colorimetric Mossman method detecting the cells viability was applied. RESULTS On the basis of the pre-operative diagnosis the 6 clinically non-functioning adenomas (CNFPA), one case of acromegaly and one case of Cushing's disease were recognized. In 5 out of 6 CNFPA the immunopositive reaction for different pituitary hormones such as: LH, HGH, PRL, FSH and alpha-subunit was detected. Expression of PPARgamma was found in all examined tumours. Rosiglitazone decreased the cell viability of all CNFPA and corticotropinoma for 20% or more. In somatotropinoma inhibition of the cell growth was about 13%. There is no correlation between PPARgamma expression and efficacy of rosiglitazone. THE MAIN FINDING: The obtained results indicate that RZG exerts a suppressive effect on the cell viability in non-functioning pituitary adenomas. The lack of correlation between PPARgamma expression and anti-tumoral effect of RZG suggests that the above-mentioned action of this compound is independent on PPARgamma expression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that rosiglitazone may be useful in the treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas, but its efficacy in Cushing's disease and acromegaly requires further study.
Between Research and Practice: How Choral Music Loses Boys in the "Middle"

to join or stay in my choral ~~ groups? &dquo; Just as I was embarking on my teaching career, the Choral Journal published a series of articles in which Leonard Van Camp explored issues facing choral music education in the United States, including a list of reasons for the continued decline in the number of boys who elected to sing in high school choral ensembles. He commented, &dquo;I am convinced that we are, in fact, in the middle of a serious crisis. &dquo;2 Before
Grief and educative leadership

Suggests bereavement strategies for educative leaders. Reports action research that helped a school community come to terms with the effects of a staff member committing suicide. Summarizes the advice to the principal from an external counsellor; the stages that people go through in learning how to cope with trauma, coming to terms with loss and negotiating a new stable state. Shows that the school community experienced extremes of emotion and a collapse of confidence and professional legitimacy. Argues that bereavement processes and particular strategies at each stage should be justified in terms of consequences. Finds the principal was central to the politics of grief. Examines different micro‐political leadership styles and suggests a fifth, more educative approach.