Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building Social Dialogue Institutions in Bulgaria: Between EU Conditionality and Domestic Social Actors

The aim of this article is to examine the evolution of institutions of social dialogue and actors’ perceptions in Bulgaria within the context of the process of Europeanization. The research question addressed by the paper is how and under what external and internal conditions the institutions of social dialogue in Bulgaria have been built and have evolved over time. The methodology is based on previous academic research in this field, official national and EU documents, newspapers and semi-structured interviews with representatives from trade unions and employers’ organisations as well as foreign experts. The overall conclusions comprise two interrelated points. First of all, EU conditionality became the main source of change in the area of social dialogue at the national level through technical assistance and the dissemination of ideas and “best practices”. However, it didn’t have the same impact in respect of negotiations at sectoral/branch and local levels. Secondly, its role was limited to the time of enlargement negotiations, and above all the effects of its influence were strongly dependent on the commitment of internal actors. These findings therefore support the idea of an impact of the EU mediated primarily by internal actors. However, it is necessary to add a further consideration regarding the intrinsic reasons for the limited and temporary influence of the EU. Concerning the notion of a European social model, the development of integration in this respect can in fact be considered as being only embryonic at the present moment. This becomes even more evident when we look at the secondary role played by those issues during accession. Therefore, if it is possible to draw conclusions about the more general process of Europeanization, these inevitably comprise recognising the causal link between the delay of European integration in the field of social dialogue, and the subsequently limited ability of the EU to play a role in candidate countries and even Member States.
REGULATION AND ROLE OF UROKINASE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR IN VASCULAR REMODELLING

1. Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) is produced and secreted by multiple vascular cell types, thus influencing the processes and the extent to which the vasculature is remodelled during the development of the intima or a neointima and during hypertrophy and angiogenesis.
Effects of a subanaesthetic concentration of nitrous oxide on memory and subjective experience: Influence of assessment procedures and types of stimuli

Subjects (16 men and 16 women) breathing 30 per cent nitrous oxide in oxygen, or 100 per cent oxygen, were tested to see if the effects of nitrous oxide on memory varied with different types of auditory stimuli and memory‐testing procedures. The drug produced substantial memory impairments. These impairments were milder in forced‐choice recognition than in yes/no recognition and for certain stimuli (first names of each subject's close relatives), but were not influenced by several other variations in test procedures and stimuli. Additional assessments indicated that nitrous oxide produced numerous subjective effects including some that are characteristic of psychedelic drugs. Subjective rating scales of the kind frequently used in drug studies revealed sedation but not the other mood effects.
Cross-cultural quality of life: Japanese and American college students

The Quality of Student Life Questionnaire (QSLQ) was used to collect data on 946 students in eight colleges and universities in Japan and the United States. A series of 2 x 2 x 2 analyses of variance on total scores Japan and the United States) were completed, comparing scores by gender, type of school (four-year vs. two-year) and nationality. For total quality of life scores, main effects were found for country (American scores were higher) and type of school (scores were higher for four-year colleges). Analysis of factor scores showed main effects for country (higher scores for American students) on all factors except Independence. These results are discussed in the context of differing cultural values and assumptions. Japanese and American views vary considerably, for example, on such issues as individuality, the role of groups, and perception of self. These differences must be considered in interpretation of cross-cultural findings.
Libraries and Library Agencies in Pakistan

This paper discusses the origin and development of libraries and librarianship in the temtories constituting Pakistan. Library development in independent Pakistan progressed without planning in the absence of a national library. The National Library was opened in 1993. Although irregulär, the Pakistan National Bibliography from 1962 onward has been published. Between 1000 and 1300 books are published each year. There is no library-legislation. Maintained by local bodies, the 281 existing public libraries present a gloomy picture. The university libraries are the most developed in respect of resources, its organization and Services. The condition of 500 College libraries is unsatisfactory. The school library development is in its embryonic stage. Special libraries are in the process of transformation from their traditional approach to modernity. The concept of computer-oriented Information is gaining ground. Six post-graduate library schools turn out approximately 200 graduates annually. The Pakistan Library Association failed to provide an effective leadership. (Part 1)
Attachment to Substitute Caregivers as a Function of Center Quality and Caregiver Involvement

ANDERSON, CHRISTINE WARREN; NAGLE, RICHARD J.; ROBERTS, WILLIAM A. ; and SMITH, JAMES W. Attachment to Substitute Caregivers as a Function of Center Quality and Caregiver Involvement. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1981, 52, 53-61. 35 preschool children and their substitute caregivers from day care were observed during the classic strange situation procedures in order to begin to explore children's relationships with substitute caregivers. Differences in attachment, affiliative, and exploratory behaviors in the presence of substitute caregivers versus a stranger were examined in light of differences in the physical quality of centers and the level of caregiver involvement. Results established the importance of differentiating day-care experiences along qualitative dimensions. Differences in contact seeking, distance interaction, and exploratory behaviors in the presence of the 2 adults were mediated especially by caregiver involvement and, at times, by the physical quality of the center. Overall, children with high-involved caregivers displayed the highest levels of all relevant behaviors in their caregivers' presence. Children with low-involved caregivers showed the lowest levels of these behaviors in their caregivers' presence and sought contact and interacted with the stranger more than with their caregivers. Recommendations are made for refining and extending this research.
Transforming loops to recursion for multi-level memory hierarchies

Recently, there have been several experimental and theoretical results showing significant performance benefits of recursive algorithms on bothmulti-level memory hierarchies and on shared-memory systems. In particular, such algorithms have the data reuse characteristics of a blocked algorithm that is simultaneously blocked at many different levels. Most existing applications, however, are written using ordinary loops. We present a new compiler transformation that can be used to convert loop nests into recursive form automatically. We show that the algorithm is fast and effective, handling loop nests with arbitrary nesting and control flow. The transformation achieves substantial performance improvements for several linear algebra codes even on a current system with a two level cache hierarchy. As a side-effect of this work, we also develop an improved algorithm for transitive dependence analysis (a powerful technique used in the recursion transformation and other loop transformations)that is much faster than the best previously known algorithm in practice.
Endothelial cells from cord blood CD133+CD34+ progenitors share phenotypic, functional and gene expression profile similarities with lymphatics

The existence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) with high cell‐cycle rate in human umbilical cord blood has been recently shown and represents a challenging strategy for therapeutic neovascularization. To enhance knowledge for future cellular therapy, we compared the phenotypic, functional and gene expression differences between EPC‐derived cells generated from cord blood CD34+ cells, and lymphatic and macrovascular endothelial cells (EC) isolated from human foreskins and umbilical veins, respectively. Under appropriate culture conditions, EPC developed into fully matured EC with expression of similar endothelial markers as lymphatic and macrovascular EC, including CD31, CD36, von Willebrand factor FVIII, CD54 (ICAM‐1), CD105 (endoglin), CD144 (VE‐cadherin), Tie‐1, Tie‐2, VEGFR‐1/Flt‐1 and VEGFR‐2/Flk‐1. Few EPC‐derived cells became positive for LYVE‐1, indicating their origin from haematopoietic stem cells. However they lacked expression of other lymphatic cell‐specific markers such as podoplanin and Prox‐1. Functional tests demonstrated that the cobblestone EPC‐derived cells up‐regulated CD54 and CD62E expression in response to TNF‐α, incorporated DiI‐acetylated low‐density liproprotein and formed cord‐ and tubular‐like structures with capillary lumen in three‐dimensional collagen culture – all characteristic features of the vascular endothelium. Structures compatible with Weibel‐Palade bodies were also found by electron microscopy. Gene microarray profiling revealed that only a small percentage of genes investigated showed differential expression in EPC‐derived cells and lymphatic EC. Among them were adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix proteins and cytokines. Our data point to the close lineage relationship of both types of vascular cells and support the theory of a venous origin of the lymphatic system.
Cognitive factors in the explanation of the mismatch between confidence and competence in performing basic life support

Abstract The main approach to rectifying the well documented poor basic life support (BLS) skills of doctors and nurses, based on a Skills Model, has met with only partial success. This study compares the utility of a Skills Model with one that incorporates a cognitive component in predicting BLS skills. Outcome-expectancy, self-efficacy, training and experience of BLS, and BLS ability were assessed in 53 trained nurses. Ability was unrelated to training or experience of BLS. Nurses who scored highest on the BLS skills assessment perceived the procedure as significantly more successful than those with lower scores. Self-efficacy was unrelated to ability, but was related to status: senior nurses were significantly more confident but no more competent in performing BLS than junior nurses. Nurses who had attended more arrests, while more confident, were no more competent than those who had attended fewer. Assessment of BLS skills reduced self-efficacy beliefs. A model for predicting the relationship between .
The RNA Helicases AtMTR4 and HEN2 Target Specific Subsets of Nuclear Transcripts for Degradation by the Nuclear Exosome in Arabidopsis thaliana

The RNA exosome is the major 3'-5' RNA degradation machine of eukaryotic cells and participates in processing, surveillance and turnover of both nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA. In both yeast and human, all nuclear functions of the exosome require the RNA helicase MTR4. We show that the Arabidopsis core exosome can associate with two related RNA helicases, AtMTR4 and HEN2. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation shows that each of the RNA helicases co-purifies with the exosome core complex and with distinct sets of specific proteins. While AtMTR4 is a predominantly nucleolar protein, HEN2 is located in the nucleoplasm and appears to be excluded from nucleoli. We have previously shown that the major role of AtMTR4 is the degradation of rRNA precursors and rRNA maturation by-products. Here, we demonstrate that HEN2 is involved in the degradation of a large number of polyadenylated nuclear exosome substrates such as snoRNA and miRNA precursors, incompletely spliced mRNAs, and spurious transcripts produced from pseudogenes and intergenic regions. Only a weak accumulation of these exosome substrate targets is observed in mtr4 mutants, suggesting that MTR4 can contribute, but plays rather a minor role for the degradation of non-ribosomal RNAs and cryptic transcripts in Arabidopsis. Consistently, transgene post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is marginally affected in mtr4 mutants, but increased in hen2 mutants, suggesting that it is mostly the nucleoplasmic exosome that degrades aberrant transgene RNAs to limit their entry in the PTGS pathway. Interestingly, HEN2 is conserved throughout green algae, mosses and land plants but absent from metazoans and other eukaryotic lineages. Our data indicate that, in contrast to human and yeast, plants have two functionally specialized RNA helicases that assist the exosome in the degradation of specific nucleolar and nucleoplasmic RNA populations, respectively.
Clinical Investigation : Gynecologic Cancer The Significance of Tumoral ERCC 1 Status in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy : A Multicenter Clinicopathologic Analysis

The Significance of Tumoral ERCC1 Status in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated With Chemoradiation Therapy: A Multicenter Clinicopathologic Analysis Corinne M. Doll, MD,* Christina Aquino-Parsons, MD,y Melania Pintilie, PhD,z Alexander C. Klimowicz, PhD,* Stephanie K. Petrillo, MSc,x Michael Milosevic, MD,k Peter S. Craighead, MD,* Blaise Clarke, MD,{ Susan P. Lees-Miller, PhD,** Anthony W. Fyles, MD,k,1 and Anthony M. Magliocco, MDyy,1 *Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; yDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; zDepartment of Biostatistics, Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; xDepartment of Pathology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; kDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; {Department of Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; **Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; and yyDepartment of Pathology, Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
Threshold of gross primary production for planktonic metabolic balance in the Southern Ocean: An experimental test

The proposed threshold planktonic gross primary production (GPP) value for O2 of 2.05 mmol m−3 d−1 separating net heterotrophic from net autotrophic communities in the Southern Ocean was tested experimentally using large mesocosms (20 m3). A set of eight mesocosms was moored in Johnson's Dock (62°39.576'S, 60°22.408'W, Livingston Island, Antarctica) and a gradient of GPP was experimentally generated by imposing four light levels (100%, 50%, 25%, and 10%) in the presence or absence of nutrient additions (0.1 mol NH4Cl, 0.1 mol of F6Na2Si, and 0.01 mol KH2PO4 per mesocosm per day). The experimental treatments resulted in a broad range of chlorophyll a (Chl a) (0.31–93.5 mg m−3) and GPP (O2, 0.17–16.7 mmol m−3 d−1). Community respiration (R) increased with increasing GPP, but not proportionately, resulting in a range of P :R ratios ranging from 0.12 in intensely shaded communities to 1.3 in those receiving high irradiance and nutrient additions, with the compensation irradiance for community metabolism (i.e., percentage irradiance at P:R = 1) being reached at 83% of the ambient irradiance. The experimental estimate of the threshold GPP for metabolic balance of the community investigated (i.e., P :R = 1) was 2.2 (SE ± 0.016) mmol O2 m−3 d−1, thereby validating the estimate of 2.05 mmol O2 m−3 d−1 derived in the past from comparative analyses of planktonic metabolism across the Southern Ocean. The validation of this threshold suggests that net heterotrophic planktonic communities may be more prevalent in the Southern Ocean than hitherto believed.
Inhibition of HMGI-C protein synthesis suppresses retrovirally induced neoplastic transformation of rat thyroid cells

Elevated expression of the three high-mobility group I (HMGI) proteins (HMGI, HMGY, and HMGI-C) has previously been correlated with the presence of a highly malignant phenotype in epithelial and fibroblastic rat thyroid cells and in experimental thyroid, lung, mammary, and skin carcinomas. Northern (RNA) blot and run-on analyses demonstrated that the induction of HMGI genes in transformed thyroid cells occurs at the transcriptional level. An antisense methodology to block HMGI-C protein synthesis was then used to analyze the role of this protein in the process of thyroid cell transformation. Transfection of an antisense construct for the HMGI-C cDNA into normal thyroid cells, followed by infection with transforming myeloproliferative sarcoma virus or Kirsten murine sarcoma virus, generated cell lines that expressed significant levels of the retroviral transforming oncogenes v-mos or v-ras-Ki and removed the dependency on thyroid-stimulating hormones. However, in contrast with untransfected cells or cells transfected with the sense construct, those containing the antisense construct did not demonstrate the appearance of any malignant phenotypic markers (growth in soft agar and tumorigenicity in athymic mice). A great reduction of the HMGI-C protein levels and the absence of the HMGI(Y) proteins was observed in the HMGI-C antisense-transfected, virally infected cells. Therefore, the HMGI-C protein seems to play a key role in the transformation of these thyroid cells.
Perceived Relational Support in Adolescence: Dimensions, Configurations, and Adolescent Adjustment

The perceived relational support from four key providers (father, mother, special sibling, and best friend) on five provisions (quality of information, respect for autonomy, emotional support, convergence of goals, and acceptance) was examined for 2,262 adolescents (aged 12 – 18 years). In a variable-centered approach, factor analyses yielded five dimensions of support: three specific to providers (parent, friend, and sibling support) and two specific to provisions (convergence of goals and respect for autonomy). Only parental support was found to change (decrease) across age. In a person-centered approach, five types of adolescents with different configurations of perceived support were identified. The first three types differed in overall level of support (high, average, and low) for all of the five dimensions; the fourth type represented extremely low support from parents with above-average support from best friends; the fifth type consisted of adolescents with no best friend. These configurations were significantly related to different patterns of adolescent adjustment in various domains (psychological well-being, delinquency, substance use, and peer-group functioning).
The Activity of Cotinus coggygria Scop. Leaves Extract on Staphylococcus aureus Strains in Planktonic and Biofilm Growth Forms

The purpose of this study was to detect the effectiveness of Cotinus coggygria Scop. leaves methanol extract against planktonic and biofilm growth forms of Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the broth microdilution test. Minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations were detected against two collection and ten clinical S. aureus strains. Anti-biofilm activity of the tested extract was detected using 24 h bacterial biofilm on the surface of microtiter plate wells. The biofilm inhibitory activity was evaluated visually after 24 h interaction of extract with biofilm, and the eradicating activity by a regrowth method. The tested extract showed bactericidal activity against all S. aureus strains (methicillin susceptible or methicillin resistant) in concentrations ranging from 0.313 to 0.625 mg·mL−1. Biofilm inhibitory concentrations were 10-times higher and biofilm eradicating concentrations 100-times higher (8 and 32 mg·mL−1, respectively). The phytochemical analysis of C. coggygria leaves 60% methanol extract performed by LC-DAD-MS/MS revealed quercetin rhamnoside, methyl gallate, and methyl trigallate as main constituents. Results of our study indicate that C. coggygria, rich in tannins and flavonoids, seems to be a prospective topical antibacterial agent with anti-biofilm activity.
The Analysis of The Effect of Individual Characteristics and Supervisor Support on Motivation and Learning Transfer

The purpose of this study is: (1) To determine and analyze the effect of individual characteristics on employee’s motivation to transfer: (2) To determine and analyze the effect of individual characteristics on learning transfer; (3) To determine and analyze the effect of supervisor support on employee’s motivation to transfer; (4) To determine and analyze the effect of supervisor support on learning transfer; (5) To determine and analyze the effect of motivation to transfer on learning transfer. This type of study is explanatory research while collecting primary data through questionnaires distribution to 185 employees and 81 immediate superior in a tuna processing company in Indonesia who have attended a Leadership Development Program, a soft skills training, done in February 2013 to July 2014. Sampling technique used is stratified sampling method. In this study there are two independent variables analyzed: individual characteristics and suppervisor support; an intervening variable: motivation to transfer; and the dependent variable: learning transfer.The collected data analyzed by using PLS (Partial Least Square). The results obtained are (1) Individual characteristics has significant effect on employee’s motivation to transfer; (2) Individual characteristics has significant effect on learning transfer; (3) Supervisor Original Research Article Mayangsari et al.; BJEMT, 5(3): 329-337, 2015; Article no.BJEMT. 2015.027 330 support has significant effect on the employee’s motivation to transfer, (4) Supervisor support has significant effect on learning transfer, (5) Employee’s motivation to transfer has significant effect on learning transfer. From the focus group discussion it can be suggested that the management should establish a tool to measure and evaluate the learning transfer of a soft-skills training in order to better capture the success of a training transfer. The management should also integrate the training program to the personnel system, for example using the training record for determining the promotion and / or the bonuses distribution, etc.
Appropriateness of use of emergency ambulances.

General practice secondments are being increasingly undertaken by specialist reg-istrars in accident and emergency (A&E) medicine. This paper describes how two A&E trainees arranged general practice secondments and the experiences gained. There follows a discussion ofthe benefits to the general practice and trainees involved, together with a contemporary consideration of the interaction between general practice and A&E services in the UK.