Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Academic Performance in ADHD When Controlled for Comorbid Learning Disorders, Family Income, and Parental Education in Brazil

Objective: Scholastic achievement in a nonclinical sample of ADHD children and adolescents was evaluated taking into consideration variables such as comorbid learning disorders, family income, and parental education which may also be associated with poor academic performance. Method: After screening for ADHD in 396 students, the authors compared academic performance of 26 ADHD individuals and 31 controls paired for gender, age, and intelligence level considering both mathematics and Portuguese language scores. Learning disorders were investigated and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV ) criteria were met using structured interviews. Results: The prevalence of academic underachievement was 2.98 times higher in students with ADHD, the most frequent subtype being predominantly inattentive. Parental educational level, family income, and comorbid learning disorders could not explain the discrepancies between ADHD students and controls. Conclusions: ADHD seems to be associated with poor academic performance even in the absence of comorbid learning disorders, lower family income, and parental educational level. (J. of Att. Dis. 2009; 12(5) 469-473)
Trazando rutas de la migración de tránsito irregular o no documentada por México

En el presente articulo se analizan los cambios y las continuidades en las rutas del flujo de migracion de transito irregular o no documentada por Mexico. Con base en los registros administrativos del Instituto Nacional de Migracion relacionados con los eventos de retencion de migrantes que no acreditan su legal estancia en el pais, se delinean las posibles rutas de internacion, recorrido y salida de la migracion centroamericana que se dirige a Estados Unidos. Los resultados advierten sobre la complejidad que ha adquirido este fenomeno como consecuencia de factores asociados a la seguridad, los fenomenos naturales, la violencia y las politicas migratorias en Estados Unidos y Mexico.
Distinguishing between transfusion related acute lung injury and transfusion associated circulatory overload

Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to provide an overview of concepts recently presented in the literature that impact our understanding of transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) and transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO), and how to distinguish between the two disorders. Recent findingsAn exceptionally clear review article by Brux and Sachs clarified the two-hit model of TRALI pathogenesis. The TRALI definition developed at the 2004 consensus conference helped demonstrate that TRALI is likely underreported. Brain natriuretic peptide can be useful in distinguishing cardiogenic from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Blood centers are implementing male predominant plasma programs to limit TRALI, and preliminary evidence suggests that this is a useful intervention. SummaryTACO and TRALI have emerged as important causes of posttransfusion morbidity and mortality. As understanding of their pathogenesis improves, incidence, risk factors, differences, and possible preventive interventions are becoming clearer. There is no sentinel feature that distinguishes TRALI from TACO. Developing a thorough clinical profile including presenting signs and symptoms, fluid status, cardiac status including measurement of brain natriuretic peptide, and leukocyte antibody testing is the best strategy currently available to distinguish the two disorders.
Contrastive Study on Tonal Patterns Between Accented and Standard Chinese

This paper depicts a contrastive study on tonal patterns of monosyllables and disyllabic words between Standard Chinese (SC) and three regional accented Chinese(RAC): Shanghai, Xiamen and Taiwan. It is found that for mid level accent speakers, tonal contours of the third tone syllable uttered in isolation or at the final position of a prosodic constituent are always different for RAC from those of SC, displaying a less concave contour or even no concave at all. Moreover, even if the third tone contours are similar in isolation, they still may be different in final positions of bi-syllabic words between RAC and SC. The tonal register and range are compared among SC, RAC and dialects, showing that the RAC tends to keep the same tonal register and range as in dialects, and tonal range is harder to change. A perceptual experiment was carried out to find the third tone perceptual patterns for 3 accented Chinese. All the results imply that third tonal production is a difficult task for some dialectal speakers. Tonal acquisition of the citation form can not completely solve all tonal acquisition problems; tonal combination pattern still needs acquisition. The tonal register and range may be harder to be acquired than tonal contours.
Estudio Psicométrico del Índice de Carga Mental NASA-TLX con una Muestra de Trabajadores Españoles

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicometricas del instrumento de evaluacion de la carga mental de trabajo NASA-TLX en distintos grupos profesionales espanoles. La muestra estuvo formada por 398 trabajadores que pertenecian a siete sectores profesionales diferentes. Todos los trabajadores evaluaron la carga mental percibida en sus puestos de trabajo, debida a cada una de las seis dimensiones de carga que distingue el NASA-TLX: esfuerzo, demanda mental, demanda fisica, demanda temporal, rendimiento y frustracion. Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna aceptable y una estructura factorial constituida por dos factores. Uno de los factores estaba formado unicamente por la dimension ? frustracion? , mientras que el otro factor englobaba a las cinco dimensiones restantes. Por ultimo, se encontraron diferencias importantes en los perfiles de carga mental entre los grupos profesionales considerados, en todas las dimensiones de carga, excepto en rendimiento.
A Practical Quantum Instruction Set Architecture

We introduce an abstract machine architecture for classical/quantum computations---including compilation---along with a quantum instruction language called Quil for explicitly writing these computations. With this formalism, we discuss concrete implementations of the machine and non-trivial algorithms targeting them. The introduction of this machine dovetails with ongoing development of quantum computing technology, and makes possible portable descriptions of recent classical/quantum algorithms.
GRANULARITY, NETWORK ASYMMETRY, AND AGGREGATE VOLATILITY

I evaluate two competing theories for microfoundations of aggregate fluctuations. The network hypothesis suggests industry-level shocks propagate across the inputoutput (IO) network of the economy, resulting in aggregate fluctuations. The granular hypothesis suggests idiosyncratic shocks to very large firms result in aggregate fluctuations. My main contribution is to connect the two aggregate fluctuation hypotheses for the first time and theoretically and empirically quantify the contributions of each to volatility. The network hypothesis depends crucially on certain plants being essential suppliers to the economy. However, they may be essential suppliers due to their productivity and not any underlying input-output requirements, which means productivity may be the source of both the granularity and network hypotheses. To disentangle these relationships, I document a plant-plant input-output network, then develop a model in which productivity and the exogenous IO network can vary independently and both combine to determine the observed IO network. Finally, I calibrate the model to uncover the underlying IO network and then investigate the empirical relationship between the uncovered IO network and aggregate volatility. I find (i) the observed plant-plant IO network is very asymmetric, (ii) productivity doesn’t vary enough to explain the observed IO network, (iii) and therefore the true underlying IO network explains the majority of the plant size distribution and 34% of aggregate volatility.
Fast non-blind deconvolution via regularized residual networks with long/short skip-connections

This paper proposes a novel framework for non-blind de-convolution using deep convolutional network. To deal with various blur kernels, we reduce the training complexity using Wiener filter as a preprocessing step in our framework. This step generates amplified noise and ringing artifacts, but the artifacts are little correlated with the shapes of blur kernels, making the input of our network independent of the blur kernel shape. Our network is trained to effectively remove those artifacts via a residual network with long/short skip-connections. We also add a regularization to help our network robustly process untrained and inaccurate blur kernels by suppressing abnormal weights of convolutional layers that may incur overfitting. Our postprocessing step can further improve the deconvolution quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can process images blurred by a variety of blur kernels with faster speed and comparable image quality to the state-of-the-art methods.
Insulin administration suppresses an increase in insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 gene expression stimulated by fasting in the chicken

1. We examined the changes in plasma IGF-I concentration and tissue IGFBP-2 gene expression of young fasted chickens refed a commercial diet or administered bovine insulin intravenously. 2. Plasma IGF-I concentration was decreased by fasting for 2 d. Although plasma IGF-I concentration was increased by refeeding, it didn't recover to the level of chickens fed a commercial diet ad libitum . 3. Insulin administration lowered plasma IGF-I concentration compared to other groups. 4. Hepatic IGFBP-2 mRNA was increased by fasting for 2 d and decreased by refeeding for 6 h. Insulin administration also decreased hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression stimulated by fasting to the level of refed chickens. 5. IGFBP-2 mRNA in the gizzard was increased by fasting for 2 d and tended to decrease after refeeding for 6 h. Insulin administration decreased gizzard IGFBP-2 gene expression to less than that in refed chickens. 6. There was no between-treatment difference in IGFBP-2 mRNA in the brain and kidney. 7. These results suggest that the changes in IGFBP-2 gene expression in the liver and gizzard by fasting and refeeding might be partly regulated by the alteration in plasma insulin concentration.
China's governmentalities : governing change, changing government

1. Governmentality and China Elaine Jeffreys and Gary Sigley 2. Passionately Governmental: Maoism and the Structured Intensities of Revolutionary Governmentality Michael Dutton 3. Governing China's Peasant Migrants: Building Xiaokang Socialism and an Harmonious Society Feng Xu 4. Negotiating Modernity At China's Periphery: A Case Study Of Development and Policy Interventions from Nujiang Prefecture Russell Harwood 5. Building 'Community': New Strategies of Governance in Urban China David Bray 6. Governmental Rationalities of Environmental City-Building in Contemporary China Lisa Hoffman 7. 'Religious Work': Governing Religion in Reform-Era China Susette Cooke 8. Governing Sexual Health in the People's Republic of China Elaine Jeffreys and Huang Yingying
Optimizing Multicast Delay with Switched Beamforming in Wireless Networks

In this paper we investigate the issue of exploiting switched beamforming antennas to improve multicast transmission in wireless networks. Under the practical assumptions that different beams may have arbitrary overlapping patterns and that each user can receive data at different rates under different beams, we formulate the problem as minimizing the total multicast delay subject to the constraint that all users need to be covered. We prove that the problem is NP-hard and propose a greedy algorithm that achieves $\log(J)$ approximation guarantee where $J$ is the number of clients. Measurements in both indoor and outdoor experiments validate our assumptions on the beamforming model. Trace-driven simulations based on these measurements show significant improvement over previous schemes and corroborate our analytical results.
Performance of Principal Component Analysis and Orthogonal Least Square on Optimized Feature Set in Classifying Asphyxiated Infant Cry Using Support Vector Machine

An investigation into optimized support vector machine (SVM) integrated with principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal least square (OLS) in classifying asphyxiated infant cry was performed in this study. Three approaches were used in the classification; SVM, PCA-SVM, and OLS-SVM. Various numbers of features extracted from Mel-frequency Cepstral coefficient (MFCC) were tested to obtain the optimal parameters of SVM kernels. Once the optimal feature set is obtained, PCA and OLS selected the most significant features and the optimized SVM then classified the selected cry patterns. In PCA-SVM, eigenvalue-one-criterion (EOC), cumulative percentage variance (CPV) and the Scree test (SCREE) were used to select the most significant features. SVM with radial basis function (RBF) kernel was chosen in the classification stage. The classification accuracy and computation time were computed to evaluate the performance of each method. The best method for classifying asphyxiated infant cry is PCA-SVM with EOC since it produces the highest classification accuracy which is 94.84%. Using PCA-SVM, the classification process was performed in 1.98s only. The results also show that employing feature selection techniques could enhance the classifier performance.
Rhythmanalysis: Space, Time and Everyday Life

While certain elements of Henri Lefebvre’s work have been credited with placing him at the centre of current architectural thinking—most notably, those contained in The Production of Space—it remains the case that his work on rhythm has yet to receive much attention. Intended as the fourth volume of his monumental Critique of Everyday Life, Rhythmanalysis distils Lefebvre’s lifelong concern with time, bringing together the posthumously published Éléments de Rythmanalyse with two essays coauthored with Catherine Regulier: ‘The Rhythmanalytical Project’ and ‘Attempt at the Rhythmanalysis of Mediterranean Cities’ (published in 1985 and 1986 respectively). Indeed, it may well be that this expressed concern with temporality accounts for Rhythmanalysis being overlooked in favour of more obviously spatial books. Even the most recent reassessment of Lefebvre’s explicit dealings with architecture and architects, Łukasz Stanek’s Henri Lefebvre on Space, Architecture, Urban Research and the Production of Theory (2011), omits any consideration of rhythm, preferring to focus on other, no less important, concepts such as ‘concrete abstraction’, ‘right to the city’ and ‘urban revolution’. As Stuart Elden suggests in his succinct and perceptive introduction to the text, to neglect Lefebvre’s concern with time is to risk misreading him and to neglect his unique contribution to the consideration of space: the refusal to partition the temporal from the spatial, and instead to see time and space in conjunction with one another (indeed, the clue is in the text’s subtitle: Space, Time and Everyday Life). What this does for architecture is to insist on the processual nature of time-space and to resist the reduction of space to Euclidean proportions: architectural space is fourrather than three-dimensional. Equally, abstract notions—generalised and philosophic conceptions of temporality and spatiality— are replaced with concrete instances: ‘localized time. and temporalized space’. One of Stanek’s key observations regarding Lefebvre’s treatment of space can, nevertheless, be extended to the rhythmanalytical project: Lefebvre was no abstract thinker nor was he content with mere theoretical reflections on the urban and rural landscape. If The Production of Space is grounded wholly in empirical, concrete encounters—dialogue with planners and architects; experiential contact with buildings—then what is especially striking about Rhythmanalysis is its comparable refusal of philosophical projection and speculative musing in favour of an approach marked entirely by ‘practical consequences’. Bodily experience (and specifically the body moving in and through space) is placed at the forefront of the research agenda, which makes for a methodology that promises to be capable of navigating some of the exigencies of moving from concept to case study, from abstraction to concrete situation, and from the particular to the general. 550
A social goals perspective on bullying in schools

Contrasting approaches to explaining the social-cognitive contributors to bullying in schools have stressed the importance of a child‘s social goals in determining whether he or she will bully. In spite of this, the social goals of bullies and victims have not been adequately investigated in empirical research. This thesis aimed to address this issue by investigating the social goals associated with bullying/victimisation, determining whether these goals were able to predict bullying/victimisation even after other social processing biases and theory of mind had been taken into account, and considering the influence social goals have on children‘s response to provocation. In a series of six studies, 583 children from Primary schools in the UK completed several measures aimed at assessing their engagement in behaviours related to bullying and being victimised, their social goals (both as general interpersonal goals and also specific to hypothetical social scenarios), and other social-cognitive factors (including theory of mind). Although the pattern of results across studies was not always uniform, there was a general trend for bullying in boys to be associated with situation-specific goals that protected their physical dominance within their peer group, while bullying in girls was better predicted by an overall concern for maintaining an image of popularity. Interestingly, victimisation in boys was predicted by an inappropriate concern for others‘ feelings in certain scenarios, while victimisation in girls was associated with a low level of concern for behaving prosocially. Importantly, these kinds of social goals remained predictive of bullying and victimisation even after controlling for variance accounted for by theory of mind and other social information processing biases. Finally, social goals were found to mediate the relationship between bullying/victimisation and aggressive/submissive response strategies. Findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature as well as to their potential impact on intervention strategies.
The song of the old mother: Reproductive senescence in female drosophila

Among animals with multiple reproductive episodes, changes in adult condition over time can have profound effects on lifetime reproductive fitness and offspring performance. The changes in condition associated with senescence can be particularly acute for females who support reproductive processes from oogenesis through fertilization. The pomace fly Drosophila melanogaster is a well-established model system for exploring the physiology of reproduction and senescence. In this review, we describe how increasing maternal age in Drosophila affects reproductive fitness and offspring performance as well as the genetic foundation of these effects. Describing the processes underlying female reproductive senescence helps us understand diverse phenomena including population demographics, condition-dependent selection, sexual conflict, and transgenerational effects of maternal condition on offspring fitness. Understanding the genetic basis of reproductive senescence clarifies the nature of life-history trade-offs as well as potential ways to augment and/or limit female fertility in a variety of organisms.
On Machine Learning towards Predictive Sales Pipeline Analytics

Sales pipeline win-propensity prediction is fundamental to effective sales management. In contrast to using subjective human rating, we propose a modern machine learning paradigm to estimate the win-propensity of sales leads over time. A profile-specific two-dimensional Hawkes processes model is developed to capture the influence from seller's activities on their leads to the win outcome, coupled with lead's personalized profiles. It is motivated by two observations: i) sellers tend to frequently focus their selling activities and efforts on a few leads during a relatively short time. This is evidenced and reflected by their concentrated interactions with the pipeline, including login, browsing and updating the sales leads which are logged by the system; ii) the pending opportunity is prone to reach its win outcome shortly after such temporally concentrated interactions. Our model is deployed and in continual use to a large, global, B2B multinational technology enterprize (Fortune 500) with a case study. Due to the generality and flexibility of the model, it also enjoys the potential applicability to other real-world problems.
Using Achievement Tests to Measure Language Assimilation and Language Bias Among Immigrant Children

We use Woodcock Johnson III child assessment data in the New Immigrant Survey to examine language assimilation and test score bias among children of Hispanic immigrants. Our identification strategy exploits the test language randomization (Spanish or English) to quantitatively measure the degree and speed of language assimilation, in addition to the potential costs associated with taking a test in one’s non-dominant language. We find that U.S. born children of Hispanic immigrants are not bilingual as predicted by most language assimilation models but rather are English dominant. English language assimilation occurs at a rapid pace for foreign born children as well; children who arrive in the U.S. at an early age or who have spent more than four years in the U.S. do not benefit from taking the tests in Spanish. Results are robust to a fixed effects specification that controls for household level characteristics constant across siblings.
Musculotendinous Anomalies in Musician and Nonmusician Hands

Musculoskeletal abnormalities of musicians’ hands and upper extremities are well-recognized and potentially career-threatening problems. Of the many types of potentiality problematic musculoskeletal disorders that could be assessed, this study focused on joint instability and musculotendinous anomalies. For this study, the hands of 92 music students were compared with the hands of 64 nonmusician control subjects. Flexor anomalies were observed much more frequently than extensor musculotendinous anomalies; clinical evidence of the Linburg-Comstock anomaly was noted for 60 to 70 percent of subjects in both groups. Further analysis of the Linburg-Comstock anomaly demonstrated that the sites of pain among test-positive subjects were variable, test positivity was more frequent in the left hand and among string players, and test positivity tended to decrease from the radial side to the ulnar side of the hand. There were only two definite extensor musculotendinous anomalies (1.3 percent), and both involved a subluxating extensor mechanism affecting the little fingers. Forty-three percent of all subjects exhibited a degree of instability affecting the joints of their hands.