Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Transcriptional profiling of bovine milk using RNA sequencing Permalink

Background: Cow milk is a complex bioactive fluid consumed by humans beyond infancy. Even though the chemical and physical properties of cow milk are well characterized, very limited research has been done on characterizing the milk transcriptome. This study performs a comprehensive expression profiling of genes expressed in milk somatic cells of transition (day 15), peak (day 90) and late (day 250) lactation Holstein cows by RNA sequencing. Milk samples were collected from Holstein cows at 15, 90 and 250 days of lactation, and RNA was extracted from the pelleted milk cells. Gene expression analysis was conducted by Illumina RNA sequencing. Sequence reads were assembled and analyzed in CLC Genomics Workbench. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were performed using the Blast2GO program and GeneGo application of MetaCore program. Results: A total of 16,892 genes were expressed in transition lactation, 19,094 genes were expressed in peak lactation and 18,070 genes were expressed in late lactation. Regardless of the lactation stage approximately 9,000 genes showed ubiquitous expression. Genes encoding caseins, whey proteins and enzymes in lactose synthesis pathway showed higher expression in early lactation. The majority of genes in the fat metabolism pathway had high expression in transition and peak lactation milk. Most of the genes encoding for endogenous proteases and enzymes in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway showed higher expression along the course of lactation. Conclusions: This is the first study to describe the comprehensive bovine milk transcriptome in Holstein cows. The results revealed that 69% of NCBI Btau 4.0 annotated genes are expressed in bovine milk somatic cells. Most of the genes were ubiquitously expressed in all three stages of lactation. However, a fraction of the milk transcriptome has genes devoted to specific functions unique to the lactation stage. This indicates the ability of milk somatic cells to adapt to different molecular functions according to the biological need of the animal. This study provides a valuable insight into the biology of lactation in the cow, as well as many avenues for future research on the bovine lactome.
How Does Economic Development in Eastern Europe Affect Austria's Regions? A Multiregional General Equilibrium Framework

The paper quantifies regional welfare effects arising from the increasing trade flows between Austria and its Eastern neighbors after the opening up of Eastern Europe. We calibrate a static multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model with benchmark data from 1994 for Austria, subdivided into nine Federal Provinces. The regions are linked by trade flows with the four Eastern neighboring countries and with the rest of the world. We simulate the effects of the increase of trade interpenetration as observed between 1989 and 1999 in a comparative static analysis. Regional welfare effects under fixed and flexible wages are presented. We also compare national CGE results with estimates obtained in a simple partial equilibrium approach.
Factors Related to Catheter-Induced Hemorrhage after Brain Parenchymal Catheterization

This article aimed to investigate the incidence rate and possible risk factors for catheter-induced hemorrhage (CIH) after brain parenchymal catheterization. Between January 2011 and March 2013, 381 patients (572 punctures) who underwent brain parenchymal catheterization were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were checked by computerized tomography scan for the detection of hemorrhage within 48 hours after catheter insertion. CIH was defined as any evidence of new hemorrhage on the post-procedural computerized tomography scan. The incidence rate and the possible risk factors were analyzed by surgeon (4 different surgeons performed the procedures), characteristics of the catheter device, and patient background. Of 381 patients, 572 punctures were performed and CIH developed in 122 puncture cases (122/572, 21.3%). The risk factors related to CIH were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ≤8 (p<0.01) and prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT INR) ≥1.3 (p=0.038). The amount of hemorrhage was minimal without additional operations. A low GCS score and high PT INR are implicated as potential risk factors for CIH after brain parenchymal catheterization. Careful and delicate operative technique can help to reduce postoperative complications in these patients.
Comparative long‐term efficacy and safety of drug‐eluting stent versus coronary artery bypass grafting in ostial left main coronary artery disease

Background: To date, drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation has not been compared with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for ostial left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions. Methods: Of the 263 patients in the MAIN‐COMPARE registry with ostial LMCA stenosis, 123 were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with DES and 140 with CABG. We compared their 5‐year overall survival, composite outcomes of death, Q‐wave myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, and target vessel revascularization (TVR) rates. Results: Unadjusted analysis showed no significant differences between CABG and DES in overall survival rates (95% confidence interval (CI) for hazard ratio (HR): 0.44 to 1.77, P = 0.71), composite outcomes (death, Q‐wave MI, or stroke)‐free survival rates (95% CI for HR: 0.41–1.63, P = 0.56), and TVR‐free survival rates (95% CI for HR: 0.79–5.03, P = 0.14). Multivariate adjusted Cox regression analysis also showed no significant between‐group differences in TVR (95% CI for HR: 0.52–3.79, P = 0.49), death (95% CI for HR: 0.79–2.82, P = 0.22) and the composite of death, Q‐wave MI, or stroke (95% CI for HR: 0.65–2.57, P = 0.46). These results were sustained after propensity score adjustment and propensity score matching analysis. Conclusions: DES implantation for ostial LMCA lesions showed similar 5‐year outcomes of death, major adverse events, and TVR compared with CABG. Although meticulous adjustments decreased baseline difference between the two treatments, the absence of statistical significance could be attributable to the size of the study sample and hidden bias. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Smoking in Correctional Settings Worldwide: Prevalence, Bans, and Interventions

Abstract Smoking tobacco contributes to 11.5% of deaths worldwide and, in some countries, more hospitalizations than alcohol and drugs combined. Globally in 2015, 25% of men and 5% of women smoked. In the United States, a higher proportion of people in prison smoke than do community-dwelling individuals. To determine smoking prevalence in prisons worldwide, we systematically reviewed the literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines; we also examined whether prisons banned smoking or treated smokers. We searched databases for articles published between 2012 and 2016 and located 85 relevant articles with data representing 73.5% of all incarcerated persons from 50 countries. In 35 of 36 nations (97%) with published prevalence data, smoking for the incarcerated exceeded community rates 1.04- to 62.6-fold. Taking a conservative estimate of a 2-fold increase, we estimated that, globally, 14.5 million male and 26,000 female smokers pass through prisons annually. Prison authorities’ responses include permitting, prohibiting, or treating tobacco use. Bans may temporarily improve health and reduce in-prison health care costs but have negligible effect after prison release. Evidence-based interventions for smoking cessation effective outside prisons are effective inside; effects persist after release. Because smoking prevalence is heightened in prisons, offering evidence-based interventions to nearly 15 million smokers passing through yearly would improve global health.
Functional Convergence in Bat and Toothed Whale Biosonars Echolocation: Perception through Active Sensing

Echolocating bats and toothed whales hunt and navigate by emission of sound pulses and analysis of returning echoes to form a self-generated auditory scene. Here, we demonstrate a striking functional convergence in the way these two groups of mammals independently evolved the capability to sense with sound in air and water. Echolocating bats and toothed whales emit sound pulses and listen for returning echoes to form an actively generated auditory scene for navigation and foraging. The independent evolution of echo-location has, along with the capabilities to fly or perform long breath-hold dives, allowed bats and toothed whales to exploit dark foraging niches with little competition from predators that rely on vision. The evolution of biosonars allowed a successful speciation to ϳ1,100 species of bats and some 80 species of toothed whales living in a large range of different habitats and accounting for ϳ25% of all known extant mammalian species. Echolocation is an active sense where the sensing animal must produce the energy that eventually carries information (30) about the surrounding environment back to its auditory system via the delay, the amplitude, and the spectral and temporal properties of the returning echo (FIGURE 1A). This implies that information is primarily gathered when the echolocating animal phonates and that the properties and emission rates of the generated sounds will dominate the information flow available for processing and perceptual organization of the animal's Umwelt (26). Using echolocation to find, select, and capture prey in darkness involves close coordination of vocal and motor outputs with sensory inputs via a vocal-motor feedback loop that informs and times body movements and the properties and rates of the emitted sonar pulses. Such adjustments are part of an acoustic gaze control , wherein the hearing (e.g., Refs. 31, 38) and the call rates, levels, frequencies (3, 12), and beam widths (14, 28) of the emitted sound pulses are all manipulated to focus dynamically on targets of interest (27, 42, 45). These requirements put an evolutionary premium not only on an acute auditory system but also on the properties and the control of the emitted sounds to allow the echolocating animal to find, track, and intercept small prey moving in a dark, three-dimensional space. For example, echolocating bats, flying at 3–5 m/s, have Ͻ1 s between detecting and capturing a prey item, and echolocating dolphins may successfully echolocate for fish buried 30 cm into the seabed. These remarkable sonar …
A Model-Based Hybrid Ultrasonic Gas Flowmeter

Combining the transmission “Z” mode and the reflection “V” mode, a new hybrid dual-path ultrasonic sensor is designed to make full use of the advantages of the two modes. With the hybrid sensor and a new model-based time-of-flight (TOF) measurement method, a new model-based hybrid ultrasonic gas flowmeter is developed. The model-based TOF measurement method, which includes a signal filtering part and a model fitting part, is proposed to implement accurate TOF measurement. The signal filtering is implemented by a Butterworth bandpass filter and the model fitting is implemented by a hybrid Gauss–Newton structured BFGS method. A new hybrid ultrasonic flowmeter prototype with the inner diameter of 100 mm was developed and dynamic experiments were carried out. Experimental results show that the development of the hybrid ultrasonic flowmeter is successful. With the flowmeter prototype, the maximum relative error and the repeatability error of gas flowrate measurement are 1.80% and 0.45%, respectively, for a common flowrate ranges from 30 to 500 m3/h.
Impact of avian influenza outbreaks in the poultry sectors of five South East Asian countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Thailand, Viet Nam) outbreak costs, responses and potential long term control

(2005). Impact of avian influenza outbreaks in the poultry sectors of five South East Asian countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Thailand, Viet Nam) outbreak costs, responses and potential long term control. World's Poultry Science Journal: Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 491-514.
From Requirements to Architectures for Better Adaptive Software Systems

The growing interest in developing adaptive systems has led to numerous proposals for approaches aimed at supporting their develop- ment. Some approaches dene adaptation mechanisms in terms of archi- tectural design, consisting of concepts such as components, connectors and states. Other approaches are requirements-based, thus concerned with goals, tasks, contexts and preferences as concepts in terms of which adaptation is dened. By considering only a problem- or a solution- oriented view, such proposals are limited in specifying adaptive behavior. In this paper we present ongoing work on supporting the design and run- time execution of adaptive software systems both at a requirements and architectural level, as wells as its challenges, ranging from architectural derivation from requirements to rened adaptation control mechanisms.
Towards Open-World Person Re-Identification by One-Shot Group-Based Verification

Solving the problem of matching people across non-overlapping multi-camera views, known as person re-identification (re-id), has received increasing interests in computer vision. In a real-world application scenario, a watch-list (gallery set) of a handful of known target people are provided with very few (in many cases only a single) image(s) (shots) per target. Existing re-id methods are largely unsuitable to address this open-world re-id challenge because they are designed for (1) a closed-world scenario where the gallery and probe sets are assumed to contain exactly the same people, (2) person-wise identification whereby the model attempts to verify exhaustively against each individual in the gallery set, and (3) learning a matching model using multi-shots. In this paper, a novel transfer local relative distance comparison (t-LRDC) model is formulated to address the open-world person re-identification problem by one-shot group-based verification. The model is designed to mine and transfer useful information from a labelled open-world non-target dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms both non-transfer learning and existing transfer learning based re-id methods.
Language Lateralization and Auditory Attention Impairment in Young Adults at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis: A Dichotic Listening Study

Objectives: Impaired attention and language functions are common in psychosis, but have been less explored in subjects with ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR). The aim of the study was to investigate differences in language lateralization and auditory attention in UHR subjects compared to healthy controls with a dichotic listening paradigm. In addition, symptoms from The Structural Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS) were explored in relation to performance on dichotic listening. Methods: The UHR subjects (n = 46, female = 28, mean age = 17.9) were compared to a group of healthy controls (n = 40, female = 20, mean age = 16.8). A split-plot repeated measures analysis of covariance was conducted with group as between-subjects factor and attention conditions (non-forced, forced-right, forced-left) and side (right ear, left ear) as repeated measures factors (2×3×2 design) using gender, age and handedness as covariates. SIPS symptoms were subjected to Spearman’s r correlations with laterality indexes and attentional gain in each ear. Results: There was a statistically significant three-way interaction of group (UHR, healthy controls) × forced condition (non-forced, forced-right, forced-left) × side (right ear, left ear), p = 0.048. The effect was due to an interaction between group × side in the forced-left condition. There were no significant differences between UHR subjects and healthy controls in the non-forced condition. Right ear gain correlated with “Perceptual abnormalities/Hallucinations” (P4), r = 0.486, p = 0.001. Conclusion: UHR subjects demonstrated impairment in top-down attentional mechanisms, but showed no language lateralization abnormalities. Impairment in top-down attentional mechanisms are frequently reported from dichotic listening studies in patients with schizophrenia. Higher levels of perceptual abnormalities and hallucinatory experiences were associated with enhanced report from the right ear in the forced-right condition.
Physician roles in the cancer-related follow-up care of cancer survivors.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Information about primary care physicians' (PCPs) and oncologists' involvement in cancer-related follow-up care, and care coordination practices, is lacking but essential to improving cancer survivors' care. This study assesses PCPs' and oncologists' self-reported roles in providing cancer-related follow-up care for survivors who are within 5 years of completing cancer treatment. METHODS In 2009, the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society conducted a nationally representative survey of PCPs (n=1,014) and medical oncologists (n=1,125) (response rate=57.6%, cooperation rate=65.1%). Mailed questionnaires obtained information on physicians' roles in providing cancer-related follow-up care to early-stage breast and colon cancer survivors, personal and practice characteristics, beliefs about and preferences for follow-up care, and care coordination practices. RESULTS More than 50% of PCPs reported providing cancer-related follow-up care for survivors, mainly by co-managing with an oncologist. In contrast, more than 70% of oncologists reported fulfilling these roles by providing the care themselves. In adjusted analyses, PCP co-management was associated with specialty, training in late or long-term effects of cancer, higher cancer patient volume, favorable attitudes about PCP care involvement, preference for a shared model of survivorship care, and receipt of treatment summaries from oncologists. Among oncologists, only preference for a shared care model was associated with co-management with PCPs. CONCLUSIONS PCPs and oncologists differ in their involvement in cancer-related follow-up care of survivors, with co-management more often reported by PCPs than by oncologists. Given anticipated national shortages of PCPs and oncologists, study results suggest that improved communication and coordination between these providers is needed to ensure optimal delivery of follow-up care to cancer survivors.
Complex fractures of the humeral shaft treated with antegrade locked intramedullary nail: clinical experience and long-term results.

BACKGROUND indications for surgical treatment of complex humeral shaft fractures are still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of treating humeral shaft fractures using antegrade locked intramedullary nail, compared to the treatment with traditional more aggressive techniques such as plate and screws. METHODS between February 2008 and January 2011 38 patients were treated with antegrade locked intramedullary nail for humeral shaft fractures, divided according to the AO classification. 28 patients were clinically followed: disability, pain and functional recovery were evaluated using the Constant score and DASH score and the ROM of the shoulder was checked. RESULTS Bony union was obtained in 27 patients at a mean time of 2.7 months. One fracture ended in nonunion, healed after replacing the nail with a longer one. Patients achieved satisfactory shoulder function with a mean Constant score of 90.57 points and with a mean DASH score of 4.69 points. There were no other complications. CONCLUSION the antegrade locked intramedullary nail represents a recommended option for the treatment of humeral shaft fractures, obtaining a steady synthesis, a short time of consolidation and a rapid functional recovery. (www.actabiomedica.it).
Acute and Long-Term Angiographic Outcomes of Side Branch Stenosis after Randomized Treatment of Zotarolimus-, Sirolimus-, and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent for Coronary Artery Stenosis

This was designed to assess the outcomes of side branch (SB) stenosis after implantation of three drug-eluting stents (DES). From 2,645 patients in the ZEST (Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent with Sirolimus-Eluting and PacliTaxel-Eluting Stent for Coronary Lesions) Trial, 788 patients had 923 bifurcation lesions with SB ≥ 1.5 mm were included. SB was treated in 150 lesions, including 35 (3.8%) receiving SB stenting. Of untreated SB with baseline stenosis < 50%, the incidences of periprocedural SB compromise was similar in the zotarolimus (15.8%), sirolimus (17.2%), and paclitaxel (16.6%) stent groups (P = 0.92). At follow-up angiography, delayed SB compromise occurred in 13.9%, 3.2%, and 9.4% (P = 0.010) of these groups. When classified into four groups (< 50%, 50%-70%, 70%-99%, and 100%), 9.0% of untreated SB were worsened, whereas improvement and stationary were observed in 9.6% and 81.4%. In a multivariable logistic regression model, main branch (MB) stenosis at follow-up (%) was the only independent predictor of SB stenosis worsening (odds ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.04; P < 0.001). After MB stenting in bifurcation lesions, a minority of SB appears to worsen. DES with strong anti-restenotic efficacy may help maintain SB patency.
Examining a model of self-conscious emotions : the relationship of physical self-perception and shame and guilt proneness with appraisals in the experience of body-related shame and guilt

ii Preface . iii Table of contents . iv List of tables. viii List of figures . ix Acknowledgements . x CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 BODY-RELATED SHAME AND GUILT . 1 1.1.1 Justification . 3 1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW . 4 1.2.1 Emotions . 4 1.2.1.1 Characteristics of emotions . 4 1.2.1.2. Emotions in sport and exercise . 6 1.2.2 Self-conscious emotions . 6 1.2.2.1. Characteristics of self-conscious emotions . 7 1.2.2.2. Distinctness of the self-conscious emotions . 8 1.2.3 A theoretical model of self-conscious emotions . 9 1.2.4 Shame and guilt . 15 1.2.4.1 Body-related shame and guilt . 17 1.2.4.2 Body-related shame and guilt in women . 19 1.2.5 The working research model. 20 1.2.6 The physical self . 23 1.2.6.1 The physical self and identity . 23 1.2.6.2 The physical self as a multidimensional construct . 24 1.2.6.3 The influence of the physical self on behaviour and emotion . 26 1.2.7 Shame and guilt proneness . 27 1.2.8 Methodological challenges. 29 1.1 RESEARCH STATEMENT AND HYPOTHESES . 30 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY . 32 v 2.1. SAMPLE . 32 2.1.1. Description of participants . 32 2.1.1.1 Recruitment . 34 2.1.1.2 Design . 35 2.1.2 Measures . 36 2.1.2.1 Manipulation check . 36 2.1.2.2 Attributions . 37 2.1.2.3 Physical appearance perception . 38 2.1.2.4 Shame and guilt proneness . 38 2.1.2.5 State shame and guilt . 39 2.1.3 Data analysis . 40 2.1.3.1 Procedures . 40 2.1.3.2 Testing for mediation . 41 CHAPTER 3: RESULTS . 43 3.1 PROCEDURE . 43 3.1.1 Missing data and evaluation of assumptions . 43 3.1.1.2 Revising assessment of global physical self-concept . 44 3.1.1.3 Scale reliabilities and descriptive statistics . 44 3.1.2 Testing the hypotheses . 48 3.1.2.1 Hypothesis 1(a): Shame and attributions . 48 3.1.2.2 Hypothesis 1(b): Guilt and attributions . 48 3.1.2.3 Hypothesis 2: Global physical self-concept and shame and guilt . 48 3.1.2.4 Hypothesis 3(a): Shame proneness with shame and guilt . 49 3.1.2.5 Hypothesis 3(b): Guilt proneness with shame and guilt . 49 3.1.2.6 Hypothesis 4: Physical self-perception’s relationship with attributions . 49 3.1.2.7 Hypothesis 5(a): Shame proneness and attributions . 50 3.1.2.8 Hypothesis 5(b): Guilt proneness and attributions . 50 3.1.2.9 Hypothesis 6: The mediating effects of attributions . 50 3.1.3 Regression analysis . 51 3.1.3.1 Person factors with attributions . 51 3.1.3.2 Regression analysis with shame as the dependent variable . 52