Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Co-Operative Distributed Intrusion Detection in Wireless Ad-hoc Network

Intrusion detection in wireless ad hoc networks is a challenging task because these networks change their topologies dynamically, lack concentration points where aggregated traffic can be analyzed, utilize infrastructure protocols that are susceptible to manipulation, and rely on noisy, intermittent wireless communications. Security remains a major challenge for these networks due their features of open medium, dynamically changing topologies, reliance on cooperative algorithms, absence of centralized monitoring points, and lack of clear lines of defense. In this paper, we present a cooperative, distributed intrusion detection architecture based on clustering of the nodes that addresses the security vulnerabilities of the network and facilitates accurate detection of attacks. The architecture is organized as a dynamic hierarchy in which the intrusion data is acquired by the nodes and is incrementally aggregated, reduced in volume and analyzed as it flows upwards to the cluster-head. The cluster heads of adjacent clusters communicate with each other in case of cooperative intrusion detection. For intrusion related message communication, mobile agents are used for their efficiency in lightweight computation and suitability in cooperative intrusion detection.
A Comparative Evaluation of Word Sense Disambiguation Algorithms for German

The present paper explores a wide range of word sense disambiguation (WSD) algorithms for German. These WSD algorithms are based on a suite of semantic relatedness measures, including path-based, information-content-based, and gloss-based methods. Since the individual algorithms produce diverse results in terms of precision and thus complement each other well in terms of coverage, a set of combined algorithms is investigated and compared in performance to the individual algorithms. Among the single algorithms considered, a word overlap method derived from the Lesk algorithm that uses Wiktionary glosses and GermaNet lexical fields yields the best F-score of 56.36. This result is outperformed by a combined WSD algorithm that uses weighted majority voting and obtains an F-score of 63.59. The WSD experiments utilize the German wordnet GermaNet as a sense inventory as well as WebCAGe (short for: Web-Harvested Corpus Annotated with GermaNet Senses), a newly constructed, sense-annotated corpus for this language. The WSD experiments also confirm that WSD performance is lower for words with fine-grained sense distinctions compared to words with coarse-grained senses.
Making Memories: An Example of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Hospitality and Tourism Education

ABSTRACT This scholarship of teaching and learning study explored students’ views of their most positive, memorable learning experiences in hospitality and tourism education. A sample of 168 undergraduate hospitality management students in the United States described the positive course experiences, teaching methods, and educational activities that they believed were most memorable. The results indicate that hands-on learning experiences, authentic projects, connections with others, and selected instructor behaviors are most memorable. Implications for teaching and future research, based on the findings, are provided, as are suggestions for the use of stories and storytelling to enhance opportunities for memorable learning experiences.
Using computer assisted collaborative learning for high quality distance education

Describes a high-quality distance learning course in undergraduate signals and systems which is being taught at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth and is being shared with the University of Massachusetts, Boston. The course uses computer-assisted collaborative learning techniques over two-way compressed video. Students in this course spend most of their class time working in groups on problems or interactive demonstrations. Often, they use simulators with audio input and output. This gives students an active learning experience during the class while also sharply reducing the amount of information which must be sent in broadcast fashion through the video system. By using collaborative learning methods, the negative impact of the video system is greatly reduced in the classrooms at both ends. There are many logistical issues in designing a distance learning course using collaborative learning methods for a subject like linear systems. This paper describes the layout of a computer-assisted learning studio. It also discusses the teaching methods used. These were optimized together for maximum effectiveness of this distance learning course.
The Effect of Using Storytelling Strategy on Students’ Performance in Fractions

Research findings in the field of Mathematics Education emphasize that storytelling is an effective instructional tool in the teaching of mathematics, as it provides a meaningful context that attracts students’ interest and makes learning a pleasant process. The use of stories and fairy tales in the teaching of mathematics motivates students to learn and provides students with an authentic context to understand mathematical concepts and procedures. It is a clear way to incorporate mathematics into other, broader cognitive domains and promotes mathematical discussion in the classroom. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the role that the use of storytelling can play in teaching fractions to third grade students. The study sample consisted of 76 third graders, who attended two primary schools in the city of Florina (Greece). This sample was divided into experimental (n=38) and control (n=38) group. In this study target-focused teaching stories were used. These stories were written in accordance with the objectives of a new Curriculum for rational numbers teaching. The study results showed that the use of storytelling had a positive effect on students’ achievement in fractions, as the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group. The students who benefited most from the use of storytelling were those with medium, especially, with low performance. Finally, the use of storytelling had a positive effect on specific mathematical skills, such as comparing fractions, finding equivalent fractions, creating and manipulating representations and problem solving.
Altered Expression of Immune Defense Genes in Pilocytic Astrocytomas

Pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade I) is a circumscribed, slowly growing, benign astrocytoma that most frequently develops in the cerebellar hemispheres and in midline structures and occurs predominantly in childhood and adolescence. In contrast to diffusely infiltrating gliomas in adults (e.g. grade II astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas), survival of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma is excellent after surgical intervention. To search for potential molecular mechanisms underlying its benign biologic behavior, we compared gene expression profiles of pilocytic astrocytomas (8 cases) with those of normal cerebellum (4 cases), low-grade astrocytomas (WHO grade II; 15 cases), and oligodendrogliomas (WHO grade II; 17 cases) by cDNA array analysis. A number of immune system-related genes such as HLA-DRα, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, IgG3, IgGK, FCER1G, A2M, FCRN, IFI-56K, and DAP12 were upregulated in pilocytic astrocytomas relative to normal cerebellum, grade II astrocytomas, and oligodendrogliomas. Genes expressed at higher levels in pilocytic astrocytomas than in grade II astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas include HLA-DRα, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, A2M, TIMP1, TIMP2, CDKN1A, and SOCS3 and those expressed at lower levels include EGFR and PDGFRA. Hierarchical clustering analysis using the entire set of 1176 genes distinguished pilocytic astrocytomas from grade II astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. Clustering analysis using selected subgroups of genes based on their molecular functions revealed that immune system-related genes (75 genes) or cell adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis-related genes (69 genes) showed similar power to the entire gene set for separation of pilocytic astrocytomas from diffusely infiltrating low-grade gliomas. Immunohistochemistry revealed that HLA-DRα is expressed diffusely in neoplastic cells in pilocytic astrocytomas, whereas in oligodendrogliomas, expression was limited to scattered reactive astrocytes. These results suggest that gene expression profiles of pilocytic astrocytomas differ significantly from those of diffusely infiltrating low-grade gliomas and that their benign biologic behavior may be related to upregulation of immune defense-associated genes.
Multiple-Agent Perspectives in Reasoning About Situations for Context-Aware Pervasive Computing Systems

In open heterogeneous context-aware pervasive computing systems, suitable context models and reasoning approaches are necessary to enable collaboration and distributed reasoning among agents. This paper proposes, develops, and demonstrates the following: 1) a novel context model and reasoning approach developed with concepts from the state-space model, which describes context and situations as geometrical structures in a multidimensional space; and 2) a context algebra based on the model, which enables distributed reasoning by merging and partitioning context models that represent different perspectives of computing entities over the object of reasoning. We show how merging and reconciling different points of view over context enhances the outcomes of reasoning about the context. We develop and evaluate our proposed algebraic operators and reasoning approaches with cases using real sensors and with simulations. We embed agents and mobile agents with these modeling and reasoning capabilities, thus facilitating context-aware and adaptive mobile agents operating in open pervasive environments.
Fast Algorithm for Affinity Propagation

Affinity Propagation is a state-of-the-art clustering method recently proposed by Frey and Dueck. It has been successfully applied to broad areas of computer science research because it has much better clustering performance than traditional clustering methods such as k-means. In order to obtain high quality sets of clusters, the original Affinity Propagation algorithm iteratively exchanges real-valued messages between all pairs of data points until convergence. However, this algorithm does not scale for large datasets because it requires quadratic CPU time in the number of data points to compute the messages. This paper proposes an efficient Affinity Propagation algorithm that guarantees the same clustering result as the original algorithm after convergence. The heart of our approach is (1) to prune unnecessary message exchanges in the iterations and (2) to compute the convergence values of prunedmessages after the iterations to determine clusters. Experimental evaluations on several different datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
A Law and Finance Analysis of Hedge Funds

This paper empirically analyzes the impact of hedge fund regulation on fund structure and performance. The data indicate restrictions on the location of key service providers and permissible distributions via wrappers are associated with lower fund alphas, lower average monthly returns, and higher fixed fees. Further, restrictions on the location of key service providers are associated with lower manipulation-proof performance measures, while wrapper distributions are associated with lower performance fees. As well, the data show standard deviations of monthly returns are lower among jurisdictions with restrictions on the location of key service providers and higher minimum capitalization requirements.
Dentigerous Cyst of Inflammatory Origin

ABSTRACT A dentigerous cyst encloses a crown of an unerupted tooth by its follicle and is attached to the neck of the tooth. They may be of developmental or inflammatory origin. Dentigerous cyst of inflammatory origin occurs in immature tooth as a result of inflammation from preceding non-vital deciduous tooth or from other source spreading to involve the tooth follicle. These are diagnosed in the first and early part of second decade either on routine radiographic examination or when patient complains of swelling and pain. They generally involve mandibular premolars. This article presents a case report of an 11-year-old male patient with a dentigerous cyst of inflammatory origin in the left mandibular premolar region with radiographic feature of a large unilocular radiolucency involving unerupted second premolar. The treatment rendered in this patient comprised of surgical enucleation of cyst under local anesthesia along with extraction of mandibular first and second primary molars.
Understanding Citizen’s Continuance Intention to Use e-Government Website: a Composite View of Technology Acceptance Model and Computer Self-Efficacy

: This study aims to understand the fundamental factors influencing the citizen’s continuance intention to use e-Government websites by using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a based theoretical model. Computer self-efficacy is adopted as an additional factor that influences the citizen’s continuance intention to use e-Government websites. To empirically test the proposed research model, the web-based survey was employed. The participants consisted of 614 country-wide citizens with at least a bachelor’s degree and an experience with e-Government websites. Regression analysis was conducted to test the model. The results revealed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of e-Government websites and citizen’s computer self-efficacy directly enhanced citizen’s continuance intention to use e-Government websites. In addition, perceived ease of use of e-Government websites indirectly enhanced citizen’s continuance intention through perceived usefulness.
Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Liver Mitochondria and Hepatocytes

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a green tea antioxidant with adverse effects on rat liver mitochondria and hepatocytes at high doses. Here, we assessed whether low doses of EGCG would protect these systems from damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). Rat liver mitochondria or permeabilized rat hepatocytes were pretreated with EGCG and then exposed to tBHP. Oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial retention capacity for calcium were measured. First, 50 μM EGCG or 0.25 mM tBHP alone increased State 4 Complex I-driven respiration, thus demonstrating uncoupling effects; tBHP also inhibited State 3 ADP-stimulated respiration. Then, the coexposure to 0.25 mM tBHP and 50 μM EGCG induced a trend of further decline in the respiratory control ratio beyond that observed upon tBHP exposure alone. EGCG had no effect on MMP and no effect, in concentrations up to 50 μM, on mitochondrial calcium retention capacity. tBHP led to a decline in both MMP and mitochondrial retention capacity for calcium; these effects were not changed by pretreatment with EGCG. In addition, EGCG dose-dependently enhanced hydrogen peroxide formation in a cell- and mitochondria-free medium. Conclusion. Moderate nontoxic doses of EGCG were not able to protect rat liver mitochondria and hepatocytes from tBHP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
Semi-distributed informed peer selection for scalable P2P overlay network

As an alternative solution to solve the tussles between the network operators and the peer-to-peer (P2P) applications, an informed peer selection (IPS) scheme like P4P is proposed. In IPS, each network operator installs a server that provides their network information to the peers as a guidance for peer selection and each peer chooses its communicating parter based on the guidance. Most existing IPS studies just focus on how they distribute which network information to the peers and they do not focus on how the network information can be provided in a scalable manner. In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of an approach to distribute the network information in a scalable manner. Our approach, called sIPS, utilizes peer neighborship. For this, we define the network information data format including value, scope, and TTL. Through ns2 simulations, we show that sIPS shows better performance than other existing approaches in terms of the network operator server overhead and the traffic overhead.
Normal values and clinical relevance of left atrial myocardial function analysed by speckle-tracking echocardiography: multicentre study.

AIMS The aim of this multicentre study was to determine the normal range and the clinical relevance of the myocardial function of the left atrium (LA) analysed by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (2DSTE). METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed 329 healthy adult subjects prospectively included in 10 centres and a validation group of 377 patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). LA myocardial function was analysed by LA strain rate peak during LA contraction (LA-SRa) and LA strain peak during LA relaxation (LA-Strain). The range of values of LA myocardial function in healthy subjects was LA-SRa -2.11 ± 0.61 s(-1) and LA-Strain 45.5 ± 11.4%, and the lowest expected values of these LA analyses (calculated as -1.96 SD from the mean of healthy subjects) were LA-SRa -0.91 s(-1) and LA-Strain 23.1%. Concerning the clinical relevance of these LA myocardial analyses, LA-SRa and LA-Strain detected subtle LA dysfunction in patients with LVDD, even though LA volumetric measurements were normal. In addition, in these patients we found that the functional class (dyspnoea-NYHA classification) was inversely related to both LA-Strain and LA-SRa. CONCLUSION In the present multicentre study analysing a large cohort of healthy subjects and patients with LVDD, the normal range and the clinical relevance of the myocardial function of the LA using 2DSTE have been determined.
Identification of the Genes Chemosensitizing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Interferon-α/5-Fluorouracil and Their Clinical Significance

The incidence of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing worldwide, and its prognosis is extremely poor. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy is reportedly effective in some HCC patients. In the present study, to improve HCC prognosis, we identified the genes that are sensitizing to these agents. The screening strategy was dependent on the concentration of ribozymes that rendered HepG2 cells resistant to 5-FU by the repeated transfection of ribozymes into the cells. After 10 cycles of transfection, which was initiated by 5,902,875 sequences of a ribozyme library, three genes including protein kinase, adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit (PRKAG2); transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGFBR2); and exostosin 1 (EXT1) were identified as 5-FU-sensitizing genes. Adenovirus-mediated transfer of TGFBR2 and EXT1 enhanced IFN-α/5-FU-induced cytotoxicity as well as 5-FU, although the overexpression of these genes in the absence of IFN-α/5-FU did not induce cell death. This effect was also observed in a tumor xenograft model. The mechanisms of TGFBR2 and EXT1 include activation of the TGF-β signal and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, resulting in apoptosis. In HCC patients treated with IFN-α/5-FU therapy, the PRKAG2 mRNA level in HCC tissues was positively correlated with survival period, suggesting that PRKAG2 enhances the effect of IFN-α/5-FU and serves as a prognostic marker for IFN-α/5-FU therapy. In conclusion, we identified three genes that chemosensitize the effects of 5-FU and IFN-α/5-FU on HCC cells and demonstrated that PRKAG2 mRNA can serve as a prognostic marker for IFN-α/5-FU therapy.
Cultural Competence: A Conceptual Framework for Library and Information Science Professionals

Today’s twenty‐first‐century library and information science (LIS) professionals are faced with the challenge of a growing population of individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds, many of whom are from minority and underserved populations representing the poorest segments of society with little or no experience with libraries. This article argues that although considerable efforts have been made by LIS professionals to meet the needs of minorities and underserved populations, a cultural competence framework is needed for these efforts to be successful. This article proposes a conceptual framework for developing cultural competence for LIS professionals and identifies three domains in which cultural competence is developed: cognitive, interpersonal, and environmental. The development of cultural competence within these domains is discussed, and essential elements needed to develop cultural competence within the domains are identified.
Differences between follower and dyadic measures of LMX as mediators of emotional intelligence and employee performance, well-being, and turnover intention

ABSTRACT Both leader and follower emotional intelligence (EI) have been posited in the literature to influence leader–member exchange (LMX). We collected data from 203 independent leader–follower dyads working in the insurance industry in Malaysia and examined relationships between leader and follower trait-EI and follower outcomes mediated through LMX. We added a further dimension to our study by comparing results using follower and then a dyadic measure of LMX. We found that leader EI predicted a dyadic measure of LMX, whilst only follower EI predicted a follower measure of LMX. As hypothesized, leader EI had both direct and indirect effects on follower job performance. By contrast, follower EI demonstrated both direct and indirect effects on follower well-being. We found a dyadic measure of LMX to be a stronger predictor of follower job performance, well-being, and turnover intention than a follower only measure. Our results suggest that significant relationships between leader and follower trait EI and LMX depend on whether follower or dyadic measures of LMX are used. The study draws attention to the importance of emphasizing the level at which EI effects are expected to operate in LMX.
Applying performance patterns for requirements analysis

Performance as one of the critical quality requirements for the success of a software system must be integrated into software development from the beginning to prevent performance problems. Analyzing and modeling performance demands knowledge of performance experts and analysts. In order to integrate performance analysis into software analysis and design methods, performance-specific properties known as domain knowledge have to be identified, analyzed, and documented properly. In this paper, we propose the performance analysis method PoPeRA to guide the requirements engineer in dealing with performance problems as early as possible in requirements analysis. Our structured method provides support for identifying potential performance problems using performance-specific domain knowledge attached to the requirement models. To deal with identified performance problems, we make use of performance analysis patterns to be applied to the requirement models in the requirements engineering phase. To show the application of our approach, we illustrate it with the case study CoCoME, a trading system to be deployed in supermarkets for handling sales.
Women in management: Are family firms somehow special?

Abstract Firms managed by women present some differences in organizational conditions in terms of type of business and manager profile. The aim of this study is to check if those differences persist in family firms where the presence of female managers is higher, especially in second or subsequent generation family firms, than in non-family firms. The results reveal that family firms run by women are not smaller, but are concentrated in the services sector like non-family firms. Regarding the manager profile there are no differences either in the level of training or the age of female managers. They possess, however, less management experience but only in first generation family firms. In sum, gender differences in the type of business and in the manager profile found in the management literature disappear in family firms, only a sectoral gender effect persists.