Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On fields of definition of arithmetic Kleinian reflection groups II

Following the previous work of Nikulin and Agol, Belolipetsky, Storm, and Whyte it is known that there exist only finitely many (totally real) number fields that can serve as fields of definition of arithmetic hyperbolic reflection groups. We prove a new bound on the degree $n_k$ of these fields in dimension 3: $n_k$ does not exceed 9. Combined with previous results of Maclachlan and Nikulin, this leads to a new bound $n_k \le 25$ which is valid for all dimensions. We also obtain upper bounds for the discriminants of these fields and give some heuristic results which may be useful for the classification of arithmetic hyperbolic reflection groups.
GPU-based acceleration of Monte Carlo simulations for migration-coalescence evolution of gas bubbles in materials

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations based on the migration-coalescence model are important tools for studying the evolution of gas bubbles in materials, a subject of concern across numerous fields. The acceleration of MC simulations is always desired especially when a large simulation system is required to extract highly accurate statistics. The present work focuses on the algorithmic study. A graphics processing unit (GPU)-based implementation of an MC simulation of the migration-coalescence evolution of bubbles is described. The acceleration of simulations involves two factors. In addition to acceleration due to the parallel computing features of GPUs, algorithmic strategies are proposed to improve performance. Considering that bubbles have a finite radius and grow with time, this paper proposes generating a nearest-neighbor-list (NNL) instead of a cutoff-radius-neighbor-list. An evaluation demonstrated that an NNL strategy can improve computational efficiency and, more importantly, conserve valuable GPU memory. This paper also proposes a strategy using many small boxes in one run instead of one large box. An evaluation of this strategy shows that significant promotion of the computational efficiency for generating neighbor-lists can be achieved. Regarding the migration and coalescence process, this paper proposes a method in which a merging table is generated and CUDA atomic operations are applied to bubbles in a bi-directional procedure that handles coalescence events. This method avoids asynchronous reading and writing conflicts that may occur in the GPU implementation of the migration and coalescence process without losing numerical accuracy. The algorithms and implementations presented in this paper would be instructive to the development of simulation codes, for an example the code of object kinetic Monte Carlo, in which the defects have finite sizes.
Alternating Re nement Relations ? ? ?

Alternating transition systems are a general model for composite systems which allows the study of collaborative as well as adversarial relationships between individual system components. Unlike in labeled transition systems, where each transition corresponds to a possible step of the system (which may involve some or all components), in alternating transition systems, each transition corresponds to a possible move in a game between the components. In this paper, we study re nement relations between alternating transition systems, such as \Does the implementation re ne the set A of speci cation components without constraining the components not in A? " In particular, we generalize the de nitions of the simulation and trace containment preorders from labeled transition systems to alternating transition systems. The generalizations are called alternating simulation and alternating trace containment. Unlike existing re nement relations, they allow the re nement of individual components within the context of a composite system description. We show that, like ordinary simulation, alternating simulation can be checked in polynomial time using a xpoint computation algorithm. While ordinary trace containment is PSPACE-complete, we prove alternating trace containment to be EXPTIME-complete. Finally, we present logical characterizations for the two preorders in terms of ATL, a temporal logic capable of referring to games between system components. An abbreviated version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR), Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1466, Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 163{178. This work is supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grants CCR-9504469, CCR-9628400, and CCR-9700061, by the DARPA/NASA grant NAG2-1214, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the SRC contract 97-DC-324.041, and by a grant from the Intel Corporation.
Sparse Estimation with the Swept Approximated Message-Passing Algorithm

Approximate Message Passing (AMP) has been shown to be a superior method for inference problems, such as the recovery of signals from sets of noisy, lower-dimensionality measurements, both in terms of reconstruction accuracy and in computational efficiency. However, AMP suffers from serious convergence issues in contexts that do not exactly match its assumptions. We propose a new approach to stabilizing AMP in these contexts by applying AMP updates to individual coefficients rather than in parallel. Our results show that this change to the AMP iteration can provide theoretically expected, but hitherto unobtainable, performance for problems on which the standard AMP iteration diverges. Additionally, we find that the computational costs of this swept coefficient update scheme is not unduly burdensome, allowing it to be applied efficiently to signals of large dimensionality.
Bibliometric analysis of the studies in the field of mathematics education

The purpose of this study is to perform bibliometric analysis of the scientific researches published in mathematics education subject area between 1980 and 2018, to find out the general layout of the scientific knowledge and communication structure of the field using an objective method, driven from the data. The publications were analyzed according to publication year, type of publication, language of publication, title of publication, name of the author, country of the author and number of citations taken from the sources scanned in Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database; structural and temporal analysis of various networks, such as collaboration networks and author collaborations were performed. In addition, a word analysis was also conducted in the study to determine the concepts used in the researches published in mathematics education area and covered in the data set. It was found that the publications involving mathematics education increased from 1980 to 2018. The review of the countries according to the number of studies that they have performed in the field revealed that the most productive countries are United States, England and Turkey. Regarding the centrality of the countries in the network, the countries that are located at the center of the network were found to be England, US and Spain, respectively. Regarding the ranking of the countries according to the number of citations taken for the scientific works that they have performed in mathematics education area, it was found that US, Turkey and Malaysia had the highest number of citation bursts. Regarding the ranking of the works according to title, the topics that have been mostly worked on are elementary mathematics classroom, teacher education and achievement gap. The words that are mostly used in mathematics education research area were mathematics, education, student and achievement, respectively. Key words: Social network analysis, bibliometric analysis, mathematics education, scientific knowledge, scientific communication.
Identity and stress: an application of the expanded model of organisational identification in predicting strain at work

ABSTRACT We contribute to the understanding of the relationship between organisational identification and work-related stress by examining the role that expanded forms of organisational identification play in explaining the nature of this relationship. The current study explores the extent to which organisational identification and other expanded forms of identification predict employee strain. We hypothesise that ambivalent identification, neutral identification, and disidentification will moderate the negative relationship between organisational identification and exhaustion and ego depletion, such that the link between identification and strain will be stronger when the other dimensions are low. We tested these predictions in a survey among 228 employees of care homes for the elderly (72% social-sanitary operators, 27% nurses). Results largely supported the hypotheses and show reliable interactions for ambivalent, neutral identification, and disidentification on both exhaustion and ego depletion. Results showed a significant moderation by ambivalent identification for exhaustion but not for ego depletion. We discuss limitations and future implications for research and practice of the expanded model of organisational identification in organisational interventions that deal with work-related stress.
Optimal execution with nonlinear impact functions and trading-enhanced risk

Optimal trading strategies are determined for liquidation of a large single-asset portfolio to minimize a combination of volatility risk and market impact costs. The market impact cost per share is taken to be a power law function of the trading rate, with an arbitrary positive exponent. This includes, for example, the square root law that has been proposed based on market microstructure theory. In analogy to the linear model, a ‘characteristic time’ for optimal trading is defined, which now depends on the initial portfolio size and decreases as execution proceeds. A model is also considered in which uncertainty of the realized price is increased by demanding rapid execution; it is shown that optimal trajectories are described by a ‘critical portfolio size’ above which this effect is dominant and below which it may be neglected.
Study on Prevalence of Stress in Medical Students

Introduction: Stress is defined as a state of psychological and physiological imbalance resulting from the disparity between situational demand and the individual’s ability and motivation to meet those needs. It is an innate response of the body that may be physical, mental or emotional to an unforeseen event that occurs in the life of an individual. Students of all professional courses are under stress amongst which medical curriculum is rated as 2nd most stressful after dental. To assess the level of stress, this study was conducted in 1st, 2nd and 3rd year students of Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India. Aims and Objectives: Study was conducted in medical students of 1st, 2nd and 3rd year to assess the prevalence and degree of stress in 6 different domains. Difference in the levels of stress amongst boys and girls has also been studied. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in students of Terna Medical College in November-December 2015, using the Medical Students Stress Questionnaire (MSSQ). Informed consent of students was taken. Filled proformas were taken up for analysis. Statistics: Kruskal-Wallis test was used to find out the difference of stress amongst 1st, 2nd and 3rd year medical students in all 6 domains. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used to find out the difference of stress amongst boys and girls of 1st, 2nd and 3rd year. Results: Analysis revealed that in 1st, 2nd and 3rd year medical students, Academic Related Stress was of moderate degree with highest level in 2nd year. Result is statistically significant. Academic Related Stress is more in girls and is also of moderate degree. Conclusion: Students of Terna Medical College are having a healthy stress level with moderate degree of Academic Related Stress, which is required to facilitate learning
Transmembrane protein CD9 is glioblastoma biomarker, relevant for maintenance of glioblastoma stem cells

The cancer stem cell model suggests that glioblastomas contain a subpopulation of stem-like tumor cells that reproduce themselves to sustain tumor growth. Targeting these cells thus represents a novel treatment strategy and therefore more specific markers that characterize glioblastoma stem cells need to be identified. In the present study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of glioblastoma tissues compared to normal brain tissues revealing sensible up-regulation of CD9 gene. CD9 encodes the transmembrane protein tetraspanin which is involved in tumor cell invasion, apoptosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Using the public REMBRANDT database for brain tumors, we confirmed the prognostic value of CD9, whereby a more than two fold up-regulation correlates with shorter patient survival. We validated CD9 gene and protein expression showing selective up-regulation in glioblastoma stem cells isolated from primary biopsies and in primary organotypic glioblastoma spheroids as well as in U87-MG and U373 glioblastoma cell lines. In contrast, no or low CD9 gene expression was observed in normal human astrocytes, normal brain tissue and neural stem cells. CD9 silencing in three CD133+ glioblastoma cell lines (NCH644, NCH421k and NCH660h) led to decreased cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and self-renewal ability, and altered expression of the stem-cell markers CD133, nestin and SOX2. Moreover, CD9-silenced glioblastoma stem cells showed altered activation patterns of the Akt, MapK and Stat3 signaling transducers. Orthotopic xenotransplantation of CD9-silenced glioblastoma stem cells into nude rats promoted prolonged survival. Therefore, CD9 should be further evaluated as a target for glioblastoma treatment.
A New Money Attitudes Questionnaire

Abstract. This study reports on the development and validation of a new questionnaire to measure money attitudes and beliefs. In all, 268 participants from diverse backgrounds, who were recruited online, completed a 30-item questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses verified a five-factor model. The factors were labeled: Achievement and Success, Power and Status, Mindful and Responsible, Saving Concerns, and Financial Literacy Worries. Results showed that demography (sex, age, and education), ideology (politics and religious practices), and self-rated happiness, success, and adjustment were related to all five factors, particularly the first two. Worries about Financial Literacy is an important and neglected factor in money attitudes research, which has implications for consumer well-being and protection. Limitations and implications are noted.
Hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin: clinical features and risk factors in Koreans.

BACKGROUND AND AIM Oxaliplatin hypersensitivity is a well-known adverse reaction but the prevalence varies and data for frequency and clinical features have not been reported for Korea. Here we evaluates the prevalence and risk factors for hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin after chemotherapy. METHODS Clinical information on all patients treated with oxaliplatin was retrospectively reviewed in electronic medical records between August 2009 and July 2010 in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Patients who experienced hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin were compared with those who did not. RESULTS A total of 393 patients received oxaliplatin, with 42 (10.7%) experiencing hypersensitivity reactions including three cases of anaphylaxis. Median cycle of the first hypersensitivity reaction was 8. Reactions correlated with lower dexamethasone doses. Other variables were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions was 10.7%, symptoms being mostly mild and cutaneous. Lower dexamethasone doses could be a predictor for hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin.
Genetic Analysis of the rgg-gtfG Junctional Region and Its Role in Streptococcus gordonii Glucosyltransferase Activity

ABSTRACT Glucans synthesized by glucosyltransferase enzymes of oral streptococci facilitate bacterial accumulation on surfaces. The Streptococcus gordonii glucosyltransferase gene, gtfG, is positively regulated by rgg, which encodes a putative cytoplasmic protein. The gtfG promoter and ribosomal binding sequences are located within a DNA inverted repeat immediately downstream of rgg. Polycistronic rgg-gtfG as well as rgg- and gtfG-specific transcripts are associated with this chromosomal region. Previous studies have shown that the rgg product acts in trans near the gtfG promoter to increase the level of gtfG transcript, but it does not affect the level of rgg-gtfG transcript. To further analyze regulation by rgg, a series of strain Challis derivatives was constructed and glucosyltransferase activities were determined. Strains in which rgg was separated from gtfG by integrated vector sequences had decreased levels of glucosyltransferase activity; plasmid-borne rgg could not increase activity to parental levels. As expected, strains with chromosomal deletions involving the rgg structural gene and either the rgg or gtfG promoter also showed decreased glucosyltransferase activity. Plasmid-borne rgg could increase glucosyltransferase activity only in strains which had a 36-bp chromosomal region beginning 72 nucleotides upstream of the gtfG transcriptional start site. Results suggest that these nucleotides, located within the 3′ end of rgg, are necessary, either by direct involvement in binding or by indirectly affecting secondary structure, for Rgg to increase glucosyltransferase activity. Surprisingly, the presence of the rgg promoter upstream of this 36-bp region significantly increased the effects of plasmid-borne rgg. Implications for glucosyltransferase regulation and applicability to other rgg-like determinants are considered.
Defining the broader phenotype of autism: Genetic, brain, and behavioral perspectives

Achieving progress in understanding the cause, nature, and treatment of autism requires an integration of concepts, approaches, and empirical findings from genetic, cognitive neuroscience, animal, and clinical studies. The need for such integration has been a fundamental tenet of the discipline of developmental psychopathology from its inception. It is likely that the discovery of autism susceptibility genes will depend on the development of dimensional measures of broader phenotype autism traits. It is argued that knowledge of the cognitive neuroscience of social and language behavior will provide a useful framework for defining such measures. In this article, the current state of knowledge of the cognitive neuroscience of social and language impairments in autism is reviewed. Following from this, six candidate broader phenotype autism traits are proposed: (a) face processing, including structural encoding of facial features and face movements, such as eye gaze; (b) social affiliation or sensitivity to social reward, pertaining to the social motivational impairments found in autism; (c) motor imitation ability, particularly imitation of body actions; (d) memory, specifically those aspects of memory mediated by the medial temporal lobe–prefrontal circuits; (e) executive function, especially planning and flexibility; and (f) Language ability, particularly those aspects of language that overlap with specific language impairment, namely, phonological processing.
'Pure' or 'Wake-Up-Call' Contagion? Another Look at the EMU Sovereign Debt Crisis

We test whether the sharp increase in sovereign spreads of euro area countries with respect to Germany after the explosion of the Greek crisis was due to deteriorating macroeconomic and fiscal fundamentals or to some form of financial contagion. Our analysis includes indicators of domestic and external imbalances which were mostly disregarded by previous studies, and distinguishes between investors' increased attention to the variables which ultimately determine the creditworthiness of a sovereign borrower (wake-up-call contagion) and behaviour not linked to fundamentals (pure contagion). We find evidence of wake-up-call contagion but not of pure contagion.
The pattern speed of the OH/IR stars in the Milky Way

We show how the continuity equation can be used to determine pattern speeds in the Milky Way Galaxy (MWG). This method, first discussed by Tremaine & Weinberg in the context of external galaxies, requires projected positions, (l,b), and line-of-sight velocities for a spatially complete sample of relaxed tracers. If the local standard of rest (LSR) has a zero velocity in the radial direction (u L S R ), then the quantity that is measured is ΔV ≡ Ω p R 0 - V L S R , where Ω p is the pattern speed of the non-axisymmetric feature, R 0 is the distance of the Sun from the Galactic centre and V L S R is the tangential motion of the LSR, including the circular velocity. We use simple models to assess the reliability of the method for measuring a single, constant pattern speed of either a bar or spiral in the inner MWG. We then apply the method to the OH/IR stars in the ATCA/VLA OH 1612-MHz survey of Sevenster et al., finding ΔV = 252 ′ 41 km s - 1 , if u L S R = 0. Assuming further that R 0 = 8 kpc and V L S R = 220 km s - 1 , this gives Ω p = 59 ′ 5 km s - 1 kpc - 1 with a possible systematic error of perhaps 10 km s - 1 kpc - 1 . The non-axisymmetric feature for which we measure this pattern speed must be in the disc of the MWG.
Exploring the Common Roots of Culture, Politics and Economics

The 2008 recession resulted from the failure of financial institutions including banks, due to their uncontrolled self-indulgent financial practices leading to a severe economic crisis. Policy options to resolve the recession that has resulted from the crisis included financial sector restructuring or bail-outs on the assumption that the banks are generally moral and trustworthy organisations. A bail-out policy required debt servicing which has led in the European Union to measures of austerity, damaging social fabrics and hurting the more vulnerable. An alternative policy in the US has been to borrow more to stimulate economic growth the result of which should be a servicing of the debt. The economic crisis was not predicted by any economic models. Prediction of the crisis by economic models failed. After the Lucas Critique which says that economic and political processes are both important to economic theory, political processes have tended to be been reflected in economic models. The policy options of austerity and investment can be associated respectively with the culturally based political modes of Individualism (methodological individualism) and Collectivism (collectivistic methodological institutionalism). The making of economic policy arising from either of these political modes is seen by some to be an inadequate basis for developing a sustainable economic society, implying the need for improved socio-economic modelling basis that reflects culture. A new culturally based economic meta-model is developed, where cultural orientation is a driver for a strategic economic agency and the formation of economic policy. The meta-model enables the modelling of the relationship between cultural, economic and political processes using cybernetic agency theory, and specific propositions can be introduced to generate specific models. The meta-model that arises can assist in the understanding of complex socio-economic processes. The meta-model adopts trait-based agency theory, the strategic economic agency that is constituted as an agency’s normative personality from which political orientations and the anticipation of classes of decision making behaviour can develop. The paper shows that Individualism and Collectivism can be seen as a subset of the broader mindscape theory, reformulated here for the meta-model.