Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dysfunction of the heteromeric K V 7 . 3 / K V 7 . 5 potassium channel is associated with autism spectrum disorders

1 Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 2 Section for Neurogenetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 3 Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 4 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal 5 Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal 6 Centro de Desencolcimento da Criança, Centro Investigação e Formação clinica, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 7 Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark 8 Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany 9 Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
Meeting student teachers' information technology needs in partnership schools

Abstract This article dscusses the transfer of Information Technology (IT) resources from a university School of Education to secondary schools, following the revision of regulations for Initial Teacher Education (ITE) in 1992. An innovatory secondary Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) course, with novice teachers based in a cluster of schools at some distance from the university, is described. The implications of distance, and of partnership between schools and the School of Education, in delivering the required competencies in IT and in supporting IT provision are explored and recommendations made.
Open Innovation in Practice: An Analysis of Strategic Approaches to Technology Transactions

In addition to acquiring external technology, firms have started to actively commercialize technological knowledge, which represents the opposite type of technology transactions. The strong interactions with a firm's environment contrast the traditional closed approaches to innovation. Therefore, this new paradigm has been termed open innovation. Prior research into this field has mostly been limited to theoretical considerations and case studies. More general work has usually focused either on external technology acquisition or on external technology exploitation. Accordingly, I take an integrated perspective and regard the two types of technology transactions as the main dimensions of a firm's strategic approach to open innovation. Drawing on these dimensions, I use data from a questionnaire-based study of 154 middle and large companies to identify groups of firms that pursue homogeneous strategies regarding open innovation. Accordingly, this analysis is the first large-scale study that describes the current state of open innovation in practice. Moreover, it is the first work that identifies strategic approaches of firms to technology transactions along the innovation process.
Socialisatie als verklaring voor de dalende leesfrequentie? De invloed van ouders en school op het lezen van boeken nader onderzocht

Socialization as an explanation for declining reading frequency? The influence of parents and school on the reading of books investigated more closely In this article the impact of socialization processes in both the parental and school context on current book reading frequency of recent birth cohorts is investigated. Given the decline in reading interest recent cohorts show in other reading studies – a decline often associated with the rise of popular culture – special attention is given to the explanation of these cohort differences by socialization traits. New data were gathered from about 600 persons who finished secondary education in the period 1975-1998. From each respondent one of the parents and the former teacher in Dutch literature were interviewed as well to obtain more valid information about socialization practices. Results show the importance of both the parental and the school-socialization. However, the decline in reading in more recent cohorts can neither be attributed to a decline in literary stimulation nor to a growing share of popular culture in socialization.
Adolescents Care but Don't Feel Responsible for Farm Animal Welfare

Adolescents are the next generation of consumers with the potential to raise standards of farm animal welfare—to theirsatisfaction—if their preferences and concerns are translated into accurate market drivers and signals. There are no published data about adolescent views of farm animal welfare to allow meaningful design, implementation, and evaluation of educational strategies to improve consideration of—and behavior toward—farm animals. Knowledge of farm animal welfare, as well as beliefs and attitudes about farm animal welfare and behavioral intention relevant to it were determined in a sample of ukadolescents, using a survey incorporating an extended version of the theory of planned behavior and novel assessment tools. Our results indicate that adolescents have only a limited knowledge of welfare problems for farm animals and welfare-relevant product labels. Intentions to identify welfare standards for the animals from whom their food was derived were weak. Although they cared about farm animal welfare and agreed with fundamental principles—for example, the provision of space and the absence of pain and suffering—like adults they held limited belief in the power and responsibility that they possess through their choices as consumers; responsibility was often shifted to others, such as the government and farmers.
Effects of Microbial Aerosol in Poultry House on Meat Ducks' Immune Function

The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of microbial aerosols on immune function of ducks and shed light on the establishment of microbial aerosol concentration standards for poultry. A total of 1800 1-d-old cherry valley ducks were randomly divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) with 360 ducks in each. To obtain objective data, each group had three replications. Concentrations of airborne bacteria, fungi, endotoxin in different groups were created by controlling ventilation and bedding cleaning frequency. Group A was the control group and hygienic conditions deteriorated progressively from group B to E. A 6-stage Andersen impactor was used to detect the aerosol concentration of aerobes, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and AGI-30 microbial air sampler detect the endotoxin, and Composite Gas Detector detect the noxious gas. In order to assess the immune function of meat ducks, immune indicators including H5 AIV antibody titer, IgG, IL-2, T-lymphocyte transformation rate, lysozyme and immune organ indexes were evaluated. Correlation coefficients were also calculated to evaluate the relationships among airborne bacteria, fungi, endotoxin, and immune indicators. The results showed that the concentration of airborne aerobe, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, endotoxin have a strong correlation to H5 AIV antibody titer, IgG, IL-2, T-lymphocyte transformation rate, lysozyme, and immune organ indexes, respectively. In addition, when the concentration of microbial aerosol reach the level of group D, serum IgG (6–8 weeks), lysozyme (4 week) were significantly higher than in group A (P < 0.05); serum IL-2 (7 and 8 weeks), T-lymphocyte transformation rate, lysozyme (7 and 8 weeks), spleen index (6 and 8 weeks), and bursa index (8 week) were significantly lower than in group A (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The results indicated that a high level of microbial aerosol adversely affected the immune level of meat ducks. The microbial aerosol values in group D provide a basis for recommending upper limit concentrations of microbial aerosols for healthy meat ducks.
Culture, planning and path dependence: some reflections on the problems of comparison

Comparative research in spatial planning and urban policy runs the risk of being undertaken with insufficient awareness of the extent to which they are culturally embedded. This article reflects on some of the theoretical and methodological implications of approaches that accept the cultural embeddedness of planning, taking in particular work by Tilly (1984) and Brenner (2001) to explore typologies of comparative research, and the concept of path dependence as the means for articulating causality. It concludes by considering some of the consequences of such approaches for the conduct of research.
The dynamics of Titan's troposphere

While the Voyager mission could essentially not reveal the dynamics of Titan's troposphere, useful information was obtained by the Cassini spacecraft and, particularly, by the Huygens probe that landed on Titan's surface; this information can be interpreted by means of numerical models of atmospheric circulation. The meridional circulation is likely to consist of a large Hadley circulation asymmetric about the equator, but is susceptible to disruption by turbulence in clouds. The zonal wind in the troposphere is comparable to or even weaker than that in the terrestrial troposphere and contains zones of easterlies, much in contrast to the super-rotating stratosphere. Unique to Titan is the transition from a geostrophic to cyclostrophic wind balance in the upper troposphere. While Earth-like storm systems associated with baroclinic instability are absent, Saturn's gravitational tide introduces a planetary wave of wavenumber 2 and a periodical variation in the wind direction in the troposphere. Unlike on Earth, the wind over the equatorial surface is westerly. The seasonal reversal in the Hadley circulation sense and zonal wind direction is predicted to have a substantial influence on the formation of dunes as well as variation of Titan's rotation rate and length of day.
Coordinating for the Collective Good

This article investigates resistance to the implementation of a federal program of coastal zone planning. Interviews were conducted with officials in New York State and Washington, D.C., to explore the dynamics of state and local responses to a federal grant-in-aid. Resistance was found at every level of government, as well as in the environments of these levels. Segmentation of the program and the displacement of federal intention were found to be common state and local tactics. A comparison with the progressive program in California is used to indicate the significance of political and economic conditions for program development. The successful resistance to the federal program in New York is discussed in terms of its implications for the future of federal land use planning.
An Intelligent Tutoring System for Entity Relationship Modelling

The paper presents KERMIT, a Knowledge-based Entity Relationship Modelling Intelligent Tutor. KERMIT is a problem-solving environment for the university-level students, in which they can practise conceptual database design using the Entity-Relationship data model. KERMIT uses Constraint-Based Modelling (CBM) to model the domain knowledge and generate student models. We have used CBM previously in tutors that teach SQL and English punctuation rules. The research presented in this paper is significant because we show that CBM can be used to support students learning design tasks, which are very different from domains we dealt with in earlier tutors. The paper describes the system's architecture and functionality. The system observes students' actions and adapts to their knowledge and learning abilities. KERMIT has been evaluated in the context of genuine teaching activities. We present the results of two evaluation studies with students taking database courses, which show that KERMIT is an effective system. The students have enjoyed the system's adaptability and found it a valuable asset to their learning.
Stable simulation of nonlinearly loaded lossy transmission lines with time marching approach

A stable method for the analysis of lossy transmission lines with nonlinear loads is presented. The simulation employs the time marching (TM) method for solving the convolution equations in the time domain. To cope with the late-time instability of the TM method, a novel approach based on the application of Z-transform analysis and cepstrum is presented. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing its results with simulations obtained using (i) a full-wave FDTD approach, and (ii) CST Cable Studio.
Intervention and State-Building

Since 2001, international attention has focused on the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and specifically on the question of whether external intervention can assist weak or fragile states in successfully making the transition to stable democracies. This article analyzes the U.S. occupations of Japan beginning in 1945, Afghanistan beginning in 2001, and Iraq beginning in 2003, and uses these cases to review and critique the literature on why some interventions have been more successful than others in building robust and effective state institutions. The comparative analysis suggests that external interveners face substantial barriers to state-building in circumstances that lack favorable domestic preconditions. The United States has been more successful when preserving existing state capacity than when attempting to build state strength where it did not previously exist.
Learning Through Experience: What Graduates Gained by Attending Desegregated High Schools

In this article, we discuss one of the central findings from our study of the long-term impact of school desegregation on adult graduates of racially mixed high schools: what graduates said about the impact of their schooling experiences on their current understandings about race, and on their lives in a racially diverse society. Of the 242 graduates we interviewed, nearly all said that their high school experiences left them more prepared for life in a racially diverse society than they otherwise would be. In addition, every one of the graduates interviewed said that their high school experiences left them with a deeper understanding of people of other backgrounds and an increased sense of comfort in interracial settings. Many of these graduates stressed the importance of their daily experiences of negotiating race in high school as one of the most challenging yet rewarding aspects of their education. These lessons, they observed, could not be gained through multicultural curricula or student exchange programs; rather, such insights, they believed, could only be learned by the daily experience of attending racially diverse schools. In this way, the experiences of these graduates speak to the need to reconsider our national retreat from policies designed to foster diversity in public schools.
Academic Momentum at University/College: Exploring the Roles of Prior Learning, Life Experience, and Ongoing Performance in Academic Achievement across Time

In the context of “academic momentum,” a longitudinal study of university students (N = 904) showed high school achievement and ongoing university achievement predicted subsequent achievement through university. However, the impact of high school achievement diminished, while additive effects of ongoing university achievement continued. Deferred entry to university also predicted achievement through university.
Parent and Teacher Perceptions of Assessing Lebanese Children’s Reaction to War-Related Stress: A Survey of Psychological and Behavioral Functioning

This study explored the psychological and behavioral functioning of children from South Lebanon post July war 2006. The analysis aimed at investigating perceptions of parents and teachers on the effect of proximity to combat exposure and family loss on children’s behavior. Parents (200) and teachers (200) rated two groups of children (9-12 year olds) using Burk’s Behavior Rating Scales (Burk, 1977). Results indicated that both parents and teachers rated children exposed to combat higher than their counterparts. Overall, girls who experienced family loss scored higher than boys. Also, mothers rated children higher on behavioral disturbances, while teachers rated children higher on academic performance. These findings shed light on mother-child dyads. Suggestions for future investigations are discussed.
A Reduced-Order Electrochemical Model of Li-Ion Batteries for Control and Estimation Applications

In this paper, a reduced-order electrochemical model of lithium-ion batteries is developed for control and estimation applications through analytical model order reduction based on a Galerkin projection method. The governing diffusion partial differential equations in the liquid and solid phases are approximated into low-order systems of ordinary differential equations while the physical meaning of all model parameters is preserved, allowing one to perform state and parameter estimation. The selection of basis functions for the Galerkin projection method and model order truncation is carefully determined based on analysis both in the frequency and time domains. With the reduced-order diffusion models in the liquid and solid phases, an extended single particle model incorporating the electrolyte dynamics is developed. The model is then validated against the experimental data gathered from two batteries with different chemistries (lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide/graphite and lithium iron phosphate oxide/graphite) at different input conditions. Results show that the reduced-order model agrees very well with experimental data at various conditions. Meanwhile, it can be simulated thousands of times faster than the real time, making it suitable for long-term-life simulation, control, and estimation applications.
Social Networks in Transit: Experiences of Nigerian Migrants in Istanbul

Social networks have mostly been hailed by academic scholarship for their cohesive function in the context of migration. Drawing from ethnographic material collected during fieldwork in Istanbul between 2007 and 2009, this article sheds light on Nigerian migrants’ experiences of informal social networks in the Turkish metropolis. The dominant position of social networks based on nationality in the arrival stage of transit is highlighted, and light is shed on mechanisms leading to cohesion as well as mechanisms leading to distrust.
Evaluating the Effects of Temperature on Mortality in Manila City (Philippines) from 2006–2010 Using a Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model

The effect of temperature on the risk of mortality has been described in numerous studies of category-specific (e.g., cause-, sex-, age-, and season-specific) mortality in temperate and subtropical countries, with consistent findings of U-, V-, and J-shaped exposure-response functions. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between temperature and mortality in Manila City (Philippines), during 2006–2010 to identify the potential susceptible populations. We collected daily all-cause and cause-specific death counts from the Philippine Statistics Authority-National Statistics Office and the meteorological variables were collected from the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Temperature-mortality relationships were modeled using Poisson regression combined with distributed lag nonlinear models, and were used to perform cause-, sex-, age-, and season-specific analyses. The minimum mortality temperature was 30 °C, and increased risks of mortality were observed per 1 °C increase among elderly persons (RR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.31–1.80), women (RR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.27–1.69), and for respiratory causes of death (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.23–1.88). Seasonal effect modification was found to greatly affect the risks in the lower temperature range. Thus, the temperature-mortality relationship in Manila City exhibited an increased risk of mortality among elderly persons, women, and for respiratory-causes, with inherent effect modification in the season-specific analysis. The findings of this study may facilitate the development of public health policies to reduce the effects of air temperature on mortality, especially for these high-risk groups.
Computer‐Aided Diagnosis of Genodermatoses

Genodermatoses are not usually easily diagnosed by inexperienced physicians. We developed a computer program to aid their clinical diagnoses and compared its accuracy rate to those of five residents in dermatology. The database of the program contained the clinical findings of 100 genodermatoses. Findings related to the skin, its appendages, mucous membranes and physiognomy were recorded in detail; but the involvements of other organs, only as headings. Twenty test cases were prepared from previously published reports. Their clinical findings were evaluated both by the program and five residents, who were at the end of the third year of their training in dermatology. The program gave the correct diagnosis in all of the test cases, but the residents failed to do so in one to seven cases. The high accuracy rate of the program suggests that it can aid inexperienced physicians in their clinical diagnosis of genodermatoses.
Solving or resolving global tomographic models with spherical wavelets, and the scale and sparsity of seismic heterogeneity

SUMMARY We propose a class of spherical wavelet bases for the analysis of geophysical models and for the tomographic inversion of global seismic data. Its multiresolution character allows for modelling with an effective spatial resolution that varies with position within the Earth. Our procedure is numerically efficient and can be implemented with parallel computing. We discuss two possible types of discrete wavelet transforms in the angular dimension of the cubed sphere. We describe benefits and drawbacks of these constructions and apply them to analyse the information in two published seismic wave speed models of the mantle, using the statistics of wavelet coefficients across scales. The localization and sparsity properties of wavelet bases allow finding a sparse solution to inverse problems by iterative minimization of a combination of the � 2 norm of the data residuals and the � 1 norm of the model wavelet coefficients. By validation with realistic synthetic experiments we illustrate the likely gains from our new approach in future inversions of finite-frequency seismic data.
An interactionist perspective on employee performance as a response to psychological contract breach

Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inter-relationships among the closely related exchange-based constructs such as psychological contract (PC) breach, perceived organisational support (POS), and exchange ideology. The authors examine the effects of three-way interaction of them on employee performance. Design/methodology/approach – This study theoretically builds on a personality trait-based interactionist model of performance (Tett and Burnett, 2003) and empirically tests the model using multi-source data collected from employee-manager dyads in a non-profit organisation. Hierarchical linear modelling was employed for analysis. Findings – The results indicate a significant three-way interaction, such that, the negative relationship between PC breach and task performance is the strongest when employees with a high exchange ideology perceive low levels of POS. Practical implications – These findings suggest that organisations should ensure employees feel supported and pay special atte.