Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The most rapidly rotating He-strong emission line star: HR 7355

Aims. We searched for massive stars with Balmer emission consistent with magnetically confined circumstellar material. Methods. Archival spectroscopic and photometric data were investigated. Results. HR 7355 is a formerly unknown He-strong star showing Balmer emission. At $V = 6.02$ mag, it is one of the brightest objects simultaneously showing anomalous helium absorption and hydrogen emission. Among similar objects, only σ Ori E has so far been subjected to any systematic analysis of the circumstellar material responsible for the emission. We argue that the double-wave photometric period of 0.52 d corresponds to the rotation period. In tandem with the high projected equatorial velocity, v sin i = 320 km s -1 , this short period suggests that HR 7355 is the most rapidly rotating He-strong star known to date; a class that was hitherto expected to host stars with slow to moderate rotation only.
Statins inhibit tumor progression via an enhancer of zeste homolog 2-mediated epigenetic alteration in colorectal cancer

While statin intake has been proven to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), the mechanism of antitumor effects and clinical significance in survival benefits remain unclear. Statin‐induced antiproliferative effects and its underlying mechanism were examined using six CRC cell lines. Statins except pravastatin showed antiproliferative effects (simvastatin ≥ fluvastatin > atorvastatin) even though both of simvastatin and pravastatin could activate mevalonate pathways, suggesting the statin‐mediated antiproliferative effects depended on non‐mevalonate pathway. Indeed, statin induced p27KIP1 expression by downregulation of histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), which acts as an epigenetic gene silencer. Additionally, the use of simvastatin plus classII histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (MC1568) induced further overexpression of p27KIP1 by inhibiting HDAC5 induction originated from downregulated EZH2 in CRC cells and synergistically led to considerable antiproliferative effects. In the clinical setting, Statin intake (except pravastatin) displayed the downregulated EZH2 expression and inversely upregulated p27KIP1 expression in the resected CRC by immunohistochemical staining and resulted in the significantly better prognoses both in overall survival (p = 0.02) and disease free survival (p < 0.01) compared to patients without statin intake. Statins may inhibit tumor progression via an EZH2‐mediated epigenetic alteration, which results in survival benefits after resected CRC. Furthermore, statin plus classII HDAC inhibitor could be a novel anticancer therapy by their synergistic effects in CRC.
Peripherally Induced Tolerance Depends on Peripheral Regulatory T Cells That Require Hopx To Inhibit Intrinsic IL-2 Expression

Dendritic cells (DCs) can induce peripheral immune tolerance that prevents autoimmune responses. Ag presentation by peripheral DCs under steady-state conditions leads to a conversion of some peripheral CD4+ T cells into regulatory T cells (Tregs) that require homeodomain-only protein (Hopx) to mediate T cell unresponsiveness. However, the roles of these peripheral Tregs (pTregs) in averting autoimmune responses, as well as immunological mechanisms of Hopx, remain unknown. We report that Hopx+ pTregs converted by DCs from Hopx− T cells are indispensible to sustain tolerance that prevents autoimmune responses directed at self-Ags during experimental acute encephalomyelitis. Our studies further reveal that Hopx inhibits intrinsic IL-2 expression in pTregs after antigenic rechallenge. In the absence of Hopx, increased levels of IL-2 lead to death and decreased numbers of pTregs. Therefore, formation of Hopx+ pTregs represents a crucial pathway of sustained tolerance induced by peripheral DCs, and the maintenance of such pTregs and tolerance requires functions of Hopx to block intrinsic IL-2 production in pTregs.
Spicule emission profiles observed in He-I 10830 Ã…

Aims. Off-the-limb observations with high spatial and spectral resolution will help us understand the physical properties of spicules in the solar chromosphere. Methods. Spectropolarimetric observations of spicules in the He i 10 830 A multiplet were obtained with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter on the German Vacuum Tower Telescope at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife, Spain). The analysis shows the variation of the off-limb emission profiles as a function of the distance to the visible solar limb. The ratio between the intensities of the blue and the red components of this triplet (R = Iblue/Ired) is an observational signature of the optical thickness along the light path, which is related to the intensity of the coronal irradiation. Results. We present observations of the intensity profiles of spicules above a quiet Sun region. The observable R as a function of the distance to the visible limb is also given. We have compared our observational results to the intensity ratio obtained from detailed radiative transfer calculations in semi-empirical models of the solar atmosphere assuming spherical geometry. The agreement is purely qualitative. We argue that future models of the solar chromosphere and transition region should account for the observational constraints presented here.
Fair Distribution Protocols or How the Players Replace Fortune

There are n â¥ 2 players P1, P2, ', Pn, each of them having a finite alphabet A1, ', An, and there is a probability distribution p on A = A1 × â¯ × An. The players want to choose a ∈ A according to p in such a way that Pk knows only the kth component, ak, of a. This can be done with the help of an impartial person or "fortune" who chooses a ∈ A according to p and informs Pk on ak only. But what happens if no such person is available? Can the players find a procedure that replaces fortune? It is proved here that the answer is yes when n â¥ 4. As an application it is shown that a correlated equilibrium of a noncooperative n-person game n â¥ 4 coincides with a Nash equilibrium of an extended game involving, in addition, plain conversations only.
Observer Design of Discrete-Time T–S Fuzzy Systems Via Multi-Instant Homogenous Matrix Polynomials

This paper is concerned with the design of observer for discrete-time nonlinear systems in the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy form. Under the framework of multi-instant homogenous matrix polynomials, a novel fuzzy observer and a new Lyapunov function, which are homogenous polynomially parameter-dependent on both the current-time normalized fuzzy weighting functions and the m-steps past-time normalized fuzzy weighting functions, are proposed for conceiving less conservative observer design conditions. Since the algebraic properties of both the current-time normalized fuzzy weighting functions and the m-steps past-time normalized fuzzy weighting functions are fully considered, the relaxation quality of the fuzzy observer design of discrete-time T-S fuzzy systems is significantly improved. In particular, some existing fuzzy Lyapunov functions and fuzzy observers are special cases of the Lyapunov function and the fuzzy observer given in this paper, respectively. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The AMU-UEDIN Submission to the WMT16 News Translation Task: Attention-based NMT Models as Feature Functions in Phrase-based SMT

This paper describes the AMU-UEDIN submissions to the WMT 2016 shared task on news translation. We explore methods of decode-time integration of attention-based neural translation models with phrase-based statistical machine translation. Efficient batch-algorithms for GPU-querying are proposed and implemented. For English-Russian, our system stays behind the state-of-the-art pure neural models in terms of BLEU. Among restricted systems, manual evaluation places it in the first cluster tied with the pure neural model. For the Russian-English task, our submission achieves the top BLEU result, outperforming the best pure neural system by 1.1 BLEU points and our own phrase-based baseline by 1.6 BLEU. After manual evaluation, this system is the best restricted system in its own cluster. In follow-up experiments we improve results by additional 0.8 BLEU.
The Second-Parameter Effect in Metal-rich Globular Clusters

Recent Hubble Space Telescope observations have found that the horizontal branches (HBs) in the metal-rich globular clusters NGC 6388 and NGC 6441 slope upward with decreasing B-V. Such a slope is not predicted by canonical HB models and cannot be produced by either a greater cluster age or enhanced mass loss along the red giant branch (RGB). The peculiar HB morphology in these clusters may provide an important clue for understanding the second-parameter effect. We have carried out extensive evolutionary calculations and numerical simulations in order to explore three noncanonical scenarios for explaining the sloped HBs in NGC 6388 and NGC 6441: (1) a high cluster helium abundance scenario, in which the HB evolution is characterized by long blue loops; (2) a rotation scenario, in which internal rotation during the RGB phase increases the HB core mass; and (3) a helium-mixing scenario, in which deep mixing on the RGB enhances the envelope helium abundance. All three of these scenarios predict sloped HBs with anomalously bright RR Lyrae variables. We compare this prediction with the properties of the two known RR Lyrae variables in NGC 6388. Additional observational tests of these scenarios are suggested.
Efficient Boosting-Based Active Learning for Specific Object Detection Problems

In this work, we present a novel active learning ap- proach for learning a visual object detection system. Our system is composed of an active learning mechanism as wrapper around a sub-algorithm which implement an online boosting-based learning object detector. In the core is a combination of a bootstrap procedure and a semi automatic learning process based on the online boosting procedure. The idea is to exploit the availability of classifier during learning to automatically label training samples and increasingly improves the classifier. This addresses the issue of reducing labeling effort meanwhile obtain better performance. In addition, we propose a verification process for further improvement of the classifier. The idea is to allow re-update on seen data during learning for stabilizing the detector. The main contribution of this empirical study is a demonstration that active learning based on an online boosting approach trained in this manner can achieve results comparable or even outperform a framework trained in conventional manner using much more labeling effort. Empirical experiments on challenging data set for specific object deteciton problems show the effectiveness of our approach.
An Oxygen-Sensing Two-Component System in the Burkholderia cepacia Complex Regulates Biofilm, Intracellular Invasion, and Pathogenicity

Burkholderia dolosa is a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC), which is a group of bacteria that cause chronic lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and can be associated with outbreaks carrying high morbidity and mortality. While investigating the genomic diversity of B. dolosa strains collected from an outbreak among CF patients, we previously identified fixL as a gene showing signs of strong positive selection. This gene has homology to fixL of the rhizobial FixL/FixJ two-component system. The goals of this study were to determine the functions of FixLJ and their role in virulence in B. dolosa. We generated a fixLJ deletion mutant and complemented controls in B. dolosa strain AU0158. Using a fixK-lacZ reporter we found that FixLJ was activated in low oxygen in multiple BCC species. In a murine pneumonia model, the B. dolosa fixLJ deletion mutant was cleared faster from the lungs and spleen than wild-type B. dolosa strain AU0158 at 7 days post infection. Interestingly, the fixLJ deletion mutant made more biofilm, albeit with altered structure, but was less motile than strain AU0158. Using RNA-seq with in vitro grown bacteria, we found ~11% of the genome was differentially expressed in the fixLJ deletion mutant relative to strain AU0158. Multiple flagella-associated genes were down-regulated in the fixLJ deletion mutant, so we also evaluated virulence of a fliC deletion mutant, which lacks a flagellum. We saw no difference in the ability of the fliC deletion mutant to persist in the murine model relative to strain AU0158, suggesting factors other than flagella caused the phenotype of decreased persistence. We found the fixLJ deletion mutant to be less invasive in human lung epithelial and macrophage-like cells. In conclusion, B. dolosa fixLJ is a global regulator that controls biofilm formation, motility, intracellular invasion/persistence, and virulence.
Post-pruning shoot growth increases fruit abscission and reduces stem carbohydrates and yield in macadamia.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is good evidence for deciduous trees that competition for carbohydrates from shoot growth accentuates early fruit abscission and reduces yield but the effect for evergreen trees is not well defined. Here, whole-tree tip-pruning at anthesis is used to examine the effect of post-pruning shoot development on fruit abscission in the evergreen subtropical tree macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia, M. integrifolia × tetraphylla). Partial-tree tip-pruning is also used to test the localization of the effect. METHODS In the first experiment (2005/2006), all branches on trees were tip-pruned at anthesis, some trees were allowed to re-shoot (R treatment) and shoots were removed from others (NR treatment). Fruit set and stem total non-structural carbohydrates (TNSC) over time, and yield were measured. In the second experiment (2006/2007), upper branches of trees were tip-pruned at anthesis, some trees were allowed to re-shoot (R) and shoots were removed from others (NR). Fruit set and yield were measured separately for upper (pruned) and lower (unpruned) branches. KEY RESULTS In the first experiment, R trees set far fewer fruit and had lower yield than NR trees. TNSC fell and rose in all treatments but the decline in R trees occurred earlier than in NR trees and coincided with early shoot growth and the increase in fruit abscission relative to the other treatments. In the second experiment, fruit abscission on upper branches of R trees increased relative to the other treatments but there was little difference in fruit abscission between treatments on lower branches. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate an increase in fruit abscission in an evergreen tree in response to pruning. The effect appeared to be related to competition for carbohydrates between post-pruning shoot growth and fruit development and was local, with shoot growth on pruned branches having no effect on fruit abscission on unpruned branches.
Social media users' privacy against malicious data miners

Sensitive information of an Online Social Network (OSN) user can be discovered through sophisticated data mining, even if the user does not directly reveal such information. Malicious data miners can build a decision tree/forest from a data set having information about a huge number of OSN users and thereby learn general patterns which they can then use to discover the sensitive information of a target user who has not revealed the sensitive information directly. An existing technique called 3LP suggests users shall suppress some information (such as hometown), add and/or shall delete some friendship links to protect their sensitive information (such as political view). In a previous study, 3LP was applied to a training data set to discover the general pattern. It was then applied on a testing data set to protect sensitive information of the users in the testing data set. Once the testing data set was modified following the suggestions made by 3LP the previous study then cross-checked the users' privacy level by using the same general pattern previously discovered from the training data set. However, in this paper, we argue that the general pattern of the training data set will be changed due to the modifications made in the testing data set and hence, the new general pattern should be used to test the privacy level of the users in the testing data set. Therefore, in this study, we use a different attack model where the training data set is different after the initial use of 3LP and an attacker can use any classifiers in addition to decision forests. We also argue that the data utility should be measured along with the privacy level to evaluate the effectiveness of a privacy technique. We also experimentally compare 3LP with another existing method.
The Effects of Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes to Emergency Contraception by Female Students of a Tertiary Educational Institution in Enugu, South East Nigeria

This was an intervention study to assess the effects of health education on the knowledge and attitudes to emergency contraception (EC) by female students of University of Nigeria in southeast Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 337 female students of a tertiary educational institution (150 in the study group and 187 from the control group) who were selected by multistage sampling. Subsequently, health education was conducted only among students in the study institution. Three months after this intervention, its effects were assessed through a survey using the same structured questionnaire employed in the baseline survey. Unlike the pre-intervention results, knowledge of EC was significantly higher (P < 0.05) among the study group than the controls. Attitudes to EC were also more favourable at the post- intervention survey among the study group. Health education can effectively improve knowledge and attitudes to EC among female students of tertiary institutions and this should be encouraged. Keywords : Knowledge, Attitudes, Emergency contraception, Health education, Female students, Tertiary institutions Nig. J. Physiol. Sci . 25(December 2010) 165 – 171
Slow waves trapped in a fluid‐filled infinite crack: Implication for volcanic tremor

The dynamics and seismic radiation of fluid-filled cracks have been studied by numerous authors, as models for tremor and for long-period events observed at volcanoes. One of the most intriguing results of the recent models is the existence of a very slow wave propagating along the crack boundary. In order to bet- ter understand this slow wave, which has so far only been studied numerically, we studied analytically normal modes trapped in a liq- uid layer sandwiched between two solid half--space,;. A slow wave, similar to the tube wave found by Blot, exists for all wavelengths. In the short wavelength limit, this wave approaches the Stoneley wave for the liquid-solid interface. Unlike the tube w; re, however, as the wavelength increases to infinity, both the phase and group velocities approach zero, in inverse proportion to the square root of wavelength. The phase velocity and amplitude of this slow wave are in good agreement with those obtained by the numerical stud- ies on the dynamics of fluid-filled cracks by two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite difference methods. In the past the size of a magma body has been estimated from volcanic tremor periods and the acoustic velocity in the fluid. These estimates should be drasti- cally reduced if the slow wave donfinates (he tremor. For exan? ple, the extremely long-period volcanic tremor, with periods up to "s, observed at Mount Aso may be generated by a fluid-filled crack of modest size, a magma body 0.5 m thick end 0.5 km long.
Photography as Geographical Fieldwork

Photography has a long history in geographical fieldwork. This paper reports on a student project that recovers this history and uses photography and commentary to represent the city of Barcelona. The place of the project within the broader (second-year undergraduate) fieldcourse and curriculum is described. The paper concludes with considerations of the way that photography lends itself to raise issues of representation evident in contemporary human geography. Since it is accessible to students, and offers practical examples, photography is a good way to approach and introduce more complex questions of method, epistemology and representation.
Measurement in Medicine: The Analysis of Method Comparison Studies

In medicine we often want to compare two different methods of measuring some quantity, such as blood pressure, gestational age, or cardiac stroke volume. Sometimes we compare an approximate or simple method with a very precise one. This is a calibration problem, and we shall not discuss it further here. Frequently, however, we cannot regard either method as giving the true value of the quantity being measured. In this case we want to know whether the methods give answers which are, in some sense, comparable. For example, we may wish to see whether a new, cheap and quick method produces answers that agree with those from an established method sufficiently well for clinical purposes. Many such studies, using a variety of statistical techniques, have been reported. Yet few really answer the question “Do the two methods of measurement agree sufficiently closely? ” In this paper we shall describe what is usually done, show why this is inappropriate, suggest a better approach, and ask why such studies are done so badly. We will restrict our consideration to the comparison of two methods of measuring a continuous variable, although similar problems can arise with categorical variables.
Sensitivity of Self-Organized Speciation to Long-Disctance Dispersal

Previous work has shown that speciation can result from the self-organized accumulation of multiple mildly underdominant (nearly neutral) loci in a continuous population, when mating is spatially localized. In contrast, when mating is panmictic, underdominance is quickly eliminated and the population always converges on a single genotype, as predicted by mean-field approximations. The focus of this work is to examine the sensitivity of self-organizing speciation to the assumption of purely localized interactions. We alter the interaction topology from nearest neighbor interactions to panmictic interactions in two ways: (i) by increasing the size of the contiguous mating neighborhoods and (ii) by allowing for long-distance dispersal of individuals with increasing probability. Our results show self-organized speciation to be robust to mating neighborhood sizes significantly larger than nearest neighbor interactions and to probabilities of long-distance dispersal that fall well into the range of so called "small-world" interaction topologies