Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involuntary Retrieval from Autobiographical Memory and The Nature of Cues

cues, which are in general less effective, only trigger memories that are accessible because of the importance of the event they refer to. Put another way, the importance of the event could have the potential effect of increasing the accessibility of memories that otherwise, given the lower effectiveness of abstract cues, would have remained unaccessible. Our results are also important in revealing that when the same basic components of the procedure are used in both involuntary and voluntary memory tasks, no difference is observed in response time, nor in N-backs defined here as the difference in cues between the cue that triggered the response and the cue where the interruption occurs. This suggests that other results showing differences in response times should be considered with caution, as they might be the outcome of the specific differences in the procedures used. Finally, our data reveal that concrete cues, in spite of being in general more effective, still allow for a large variability in the number of involuntary memories elicited. Comparing the qualities of the memories that are elicited by high and low performers among concrete cues, we found that events that are considered more
An optimal algorithm for approximate nearest neighbor searching fixed dimensions

Consider a set of <italic>S</italic> of <italic>n</italic> data points in real <italic>d</italic>-dimensional space, R<supscrpt>d</supscrpt>, where distances are measured using any Minkowski metric. In nearest neighbor searching, we preprocess <italic>S</italic> into a data structure, so that given any query point <italic>q</italic><inline-equation> <f>∈</f></inline-equation> R<supscrpt>d</supscrpt>, is the closest point of S to <italic>q</italic> can be reported quickly. Given any positive real ε, data point <italic>p</italic> is a (1 +ε)-<italic>approximate nearest neighbor</italic> of <italic>q</italic> if its distance from <italic>q</italic> is within a factor of (1 + ε) of the distance to the true nearest neighbor. We show that it is possible to preprocess a set of <italic>n</italic> points in R<supscrpt>d</supscrpt> in <italic>O(dn</italic> log <italic>n</italic>) time and <italic>O(dn)</italic> space, so that given a query point <italic> q</italic> <inline-equation> <f>∈</f></inline-equation> R<supscrpt>d</supscrpt>, and ε > 0, a (1 + ε)-approximate nearest neighbor of <italic>q</italic> can be computed in <italic>O</italic>(<italic>c</italic><subscrpt><italic>d</italic>, ε</subscrpt> log <italic>n</italic>) time, where <italic>c<subscrpt>d,ε</subscrpt></italic>≤<italic>d</italic> <inline-equation> <f><fen lp="ceil">1 + 6d/<g>e</g><rp post="ceil"></fen></f></inline-equation>;<supscrpt>d</supscrpt> is a factor depending only on dimension and ε. In general, we show that given an integer <italic>k</italic> ≥ 1, (1 + ε)-approximations to the <italic>k</italic> nearest neighbors of <italic>q</italic> can be computed in additional <italic>O(kd</italic> log <italic>n</italic>) time.
Expression and possible function of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) and its cognate receptors FGFR2 and FGFR3 in postnatal and adult retina

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are important regulators of retinal development and survival. We examined the expression and distribution of FGF9 and its preferred receptors FGFR2IIIc and FGFR3IIIc in this tissue. FGF9 transcripts in whole rat retina were detected by RT‐PCR but were not present in purified cultured Müller glia. Transcripts appeared as 3.2‐kb and 4.0‐kb bands on Northern blots, and Western blotting of whole retina revealed FGF9‐immunoreactive bands at 30 and 55 kDa. FGF9 mRNA demonstrated a biphasic expression profile, elevated at birth and adulthood, but relatively decreased during terminal retinal differentiation (4–14 days postnatal). Antibody labeling broadly reflected these findings: staining in vivo was observed mainly in the inner retina (and outer plexiform layer in adults) whereas FGF9 was not detectable in cultured Müller glia. In adults, FGF9 in situ hybridization also showed a detectable signal in inner retina. FGFR2IIIc and FGFR3IIIc were detected by RT‐PCR, and Western blotting showed both FGFRs existed as multiple forms between ∼100–200 kDa. FGFR2 and FGFR3 antibodies showed prominent labeling in the inner retina, especially in proliferating cultured Müller glia. Exogenous FGF9 elicited a dose‐dependent increase in Müller glial proliferation in vitro. These data suggest a role for FGF9 in retinal differentiation and maturation, possibly representing a neuronally derived factor acting upon glial (and other) cells. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Title Using web 2 . 0 tools to enhance learning in higher education : Acase study in technological education

Pedagogy with Web 2.0 technologies is shown to facilitate the teaching-learning process through contentsharing and idea collaboration. In this paper, we explore the possib ility of using social networking tools, to support teaching pract ice in technological courses. In our study, we utilized i) Faceb ook Page as a platform to share content, experiences and news of a general engineering course, and ii) blog as a collaborativ e writing tool to express thoughts and opinions in a common core (general education) course. After our one-semester (t hreemonths) study, we found that Facebook Page is an easy-touse and familiar tool for students to share and exchange idea s among classmates, peers and public.
Passenger Perception Regarding Bus Service: A Deep Examination on Multi-component Concept of Loyalty

Loyalty is a preeminent concept for a company to get a higher share of customers. However, there are few studies on loyalty within bus service context. One possible reason for the low focus on bus user loyalty is that there are different views among researchers on the concept of loyalty. To address the issue, this paper proposes a model to express the concept of loyalty in which loyalty has been decomposed into three main phases including attitudinal loyalty, conative loyalty and action loyalty. The difference between the proposed model and conventional models is that attitudinal loyalty was represented in a formative construct. In addition, an excavation on the attitudinal facet of loyalty leads to a suggestion that there is a need to add up implicit loyalty as a new aspect of attitudinal loyalty. Furthermore, the study provides an empirical examination on impacts of social norm and habit toward attitudinal-behavioral relationship.
Warning tweets: serial transmission of messages during the warning phase of a disaster event

Serial transmission – the passing on of information from one source to another – is a phenomenon of central interest in the study of informal communication in emergency settings. Microblogging services such as Twitter make it possible to study serial transmission on a large scale and to examine the factors that make retransmission of messages more or less likely. Here, we consider factors predicting serial transmission at the interface of formal and informal communication during disaster; specifically, we examine the retransmission by individuals of messages (tweets) issued by formal organizations on Twitter. Our central question is the following: How do message content, message style, and public attention to tweets relate to the behavioral activity of retransmitting (i.e. retweeting) a message in disaster? To answer this question, we collect all public tweets sent by a set of official government accounts during a 48-hour period of the Waldo Canyon wildfire. We manually code tweets for their thematic content and elements of message style. We then create predictive models to show how thematic content, message style, and changes in number of Followers affect retweeting behavior. From these predictive models, we identify the key elements that affect public retransmission of messages during the emergency phase of an unfolding disaster. Our findings suggest strategies for designing and disseminating messages through networked social media under periods of imminent threat.
No fast exponential deviation inequalities for the progressive mixture rule

We consider the learning task consisting in predicting as well as the best function in a finite reference set G up to the smallest possible additive term. If R(g) denotes the generalization error of a prediction function g, under reasonable assumptions on the loss function (typically satisfied by the least square loss when the output is bounded), it is known that the progressive mixture rule g_n satisfies E R(g_n) 0, a reference set G and a probability distribution generating the data such that with probability at least a R(g_n) > min_{g in G} R(g) + c sqrt{[log(|G|/a)]/n}, where c is a positive constant. In other words, surprisingly, for appropriate reference set G, the deviation convergence rate of the progressive mixture rule is only of order 1/sqrt{n} while its expectation convergence rate is of order 1/n. The same conclusion holds for the progressive indirect mixture rule. This work also emphasizes on the suboptimality of algorithms based on penalized empirical risk minimization on G.
Regulation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism during exercise

What is the topic of this review? The manuscript collectively combines the experimental observations from >100 publications focusing on the regulation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism during exercise from 1945 to the present day. What advances does it highlight? This article highlights the importance of traditional and historical assessments of cerebral blood flow and metabolism during exercise, as well as traditional and new insights into the complex factors involved in the integrative regulation of brain blood flow and metabolism during exercise. The overarching theme is the importance of quantifying cerebral blood flow and metabolism during exercise using techniques that consider multiple volumetric cerebral haemodynamics (i.e. velocity, diameter, shear and flow).
Totality and infinity : an essay on exteriority

Preface. - Section I. The Same and the Other. - A. Metaphysics and Transcendence. - 1. Desire for the Invisible. - 2. The Breach of Totality. - 3. Transcendence Is Not Negativity. - 4. Metaphysics Precedes Ontology. - 5. Transcendence as the Idea of Infinity. - B. Separation and Discourse. - 1. Atheism or the Will. - 2. Truth. - 3. Discourse. - 4. Rhetoric and Injustice. - 5. Discourse and Ethics. - 6. The Metaphysical and the Human. - 7. The Face to Face-An Irreducible Relation. - C. Truth and Justice. - 1. Freedom Called into Question. - 2. The Investiture of Freedom, or Critique. - 3. Truth Presupposes Justice. - D. Separation and the Absolute. - Section II. Interiority and Economy. - A. Separation as Life. - 1. Intentionality and the Social Relation. - 2. Living from. (Enjoyment) The Notion of Accomplishment. - 3. Enjoyment and Independence. - 4. Need and Corporeity. - 5. Affectivity as the Ipseity of the I. - 6. The I of Enjoyment Is Neither Biological Nor Sociological. - B. Enjoyment and Representation. - 1. Representation and Constitution. - 2. Enjoyment and Nourishment. - 3. Element and Things, Implements. - 4. Sensibility. - 5. The Mythical Format of the Element. - C. I and Dependence. - 1. Joy and Its Morrows. - 2. The Love of Life. - 3. Enjoyment and Separation. - D. The Dwelling. - 1. Habitation. - 2. Habitation and the Feminine. - 3. The Home and Possession. - 4. Possession and Labor. - 5. Labor and the Body. Consciousness. - 6. The Freedom of Representation and Gift. - E. The World of Phenomena and Expression. - 1. Separation Is An Economy. - 2. Works and Expression. - 3. Phenomenon and Being. - Section III. Exteriority and the Face. - A. Sensibility and the Face. - B. Ethics and the Face. - 1. Infinity and the Face. - 2. Ethics and the Face. - 3. Reason and the Face. - 4. Discourse Founds Signification. - 5. Language and Objectivity. - 6. The Other and the Others. - 7. The Asymmetry of the Interpersonal. - 8. Will and Reason. - C. The Ethical Relation and Time. - 1. Subjectivity and Pluralism. - 2. Commerce, the Historical Relation, and the Face. - 3. The Will and Death. - 4. Time and the Will: Patience. - 5. The Truth of the Will. - Section IV. Beyond the Face. - A. The Ambiguity of Love. - B. Phenomenology of Eros. - C. Fecundity. - D. Subjectivity in Eros. - E. Transcendence and Fecundity. - F. Filiality and Fraternity. - G. The Infinity of Time. - Conclusions. - 1. From the Like to the Same. - 2. Being Is Exteriority. - 3. The Finite and the Infinite. - 4. Creation. - 5. Exteriority and Language. - 6. Expression and Image. - 7. Against the Philosophy of the Neuter. - 8. Subjectivity. - 9. The Maintenance of Subjectivity The Reality of the Inner Life and the Reality of the State The Meaning of Subjectivity. - 10. Beyond Being. - 11. Freedom Invested. - 12. Being as Goodness-the I-Pluralism-Peace.
Inosine induces axonal rewiring and improves behavioral outcome after stroke

Cerebral infarct (stroke) often causes devastating and irreversible losses of function, in part because of the brain's limited capacity for anatomical reorganization. The purine nucleoside inosine has previously been shown to induce neurons to express a set of growth-associated proteins and to extend axons in culture and in vivo. We show here that in adult rats with unilateral cortical infarcts, inosine stimulated neurons on the undamaged side of the brain to extend new projections to denervated areas of the midbrain and spinal cord. This growth was paralleled by improved performance on several behavioral measures.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Interleukin 33 Form a Regulatory Circuit to Perpetuate the Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Hyperplasia of synovial fibroblasts, infiltration with inflammatory cytokines, and tissue hypoxia are the major characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a newly identified inflammatory cytokine exacerbating the disease severity of RA. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) showed increased expression in RA synovium and could regulate a number of inflammatory cytokine productions. Nevertheless, its correlation with IL-33 remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that elevated levels of IL-33 were demonstrated in RA patient synovial fluids, with upregulated expression of HIF-1α and IL-33 in the synovial fibroblasts. Knocking down HIF-1α compromised IL-33 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF), while enforcing HIF-1α expression in RASF substantially upregulated IL-33 levels. HIF-1α promoted the activation of the signalling pathways controlling IL-33 production, particularly the p38 and ERK pathways. Moreover, we showed for the first time that IL-33 in turn could induce more HIF-1α expression in RASF, thus forming a HIF-1α/IL-33 regulatory circuit that would perpetuate the inflammatory process in RA. Targeting this pathological pathway and HIF-1α may provide new therapeutic strategies for overcoming the persistent and chronic inflammatory disease.
Pollen Stoichiometry May Influence Detrital Terrestrial and Aquatic Food Webs

Pollen rains may temporally mitigate nutritional limitations experienced by terrestrial and aquatic detritivores by supplying stoichiometrically balanced food during periods of detritivore growth and development (spring-summer). This may affect the functioning of food webs and thus influence fundamental processes, e.g., by enabling fungi to decompose nutritionally scarce litter. Nutritional limitation may be studied within the framework of ecological stoichiometry by comparing the stoichiometric mismatches experienced by organisms feeding on various foods. To this end, the elemental compositions of pine pollen, litter and detritivores (fungi, protozoans, worms, insects, mites, millipedes, isopods and slugs) were compared, as were the stoichiometric mismatches experienced by the detritivores feeding on litter and pollen. Additionally, the contribution of pollen to the nutrient flow from the land to aquatic ecosystems was estimated through a literature review. Compared to litter, pine pollen is a stoichiometrically well-balanced food source in terms of its C:N:P ratio but also because of its high concentrations of K, S and Cu and its favorable Zn:Fe ratio. This characteristic is especially suitable to fungi, which may be responsible for the redistribution of pollen-derived nutrients in food webs, particularly aquatic ones. Pollen rains of various plant species act as temporal pulses of nutrients that are rapidly utilized and quickly introduced into the food web, so calculations of annual biomass input may be misleading. Pollen is an easily available, digestible and nutritious food for fungi, bacteria, protozoans and various groups of invertebrates, which suggests that pollen plays an important role in within- and cross-ecosystem nutrient cycling.
Development of source testing, analytical, and mutagenicity bioassay procedures for evaluating emissions from municipal and hospital waste combustors.

Incineration is currently being used for disposal of about 10% of the solid waste generated in the United States, and this percentage will likely increase as land disposal declines. Siting new incinerators, however, is often controversial because of concerns related to the possibility of adverse health effects and environmental contamination from long-term exposure to stack emissions. Specific concerns relate to the adequacies of a) stack emission testing protocols, b) existing regulations, and c) compliance monitoring and enforcement of regulations. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency laboratories are cooperatively conducting research aimed at developing new testing equipment and procedures that will allow a more comprehensive assessment of the complex mixture of organics that is present in stack emissions. These efforts are directed specifically toward developing source testing equipment and procedures, analytical procedures, and bioassay procedures. The objectives of this study were to field test two types of high-volume source dilution samplers, collect stack samples for use in developing analytical and mutagenicity bioassay procedures, and determine mutagenicity of organics associated with emission particles from two municipal waste combustors and a hospital waste combustor. Data are presented for particle concentrations and emission rates, extractable organic concentrations and emission rates, and Salmonella (Ames) mutagenic potency and emission rates. The mutagenic emission rates and emission factors are compared to other incinerators and combustion sources.
Clinical Trichophyton rubrum Strain Exhibiting Primary Resistance to Terbinafine

ABSTRACT The in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of six clinical Trichophyton rubrum isolates obtained sequentially from a single onychomycosis patient who failed oral terbinafine therapy (250 mg/day for 24 weeks) were determined by broth microdilution and macrodilution methodologies. Strain relatedness was examined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. Data obtained from both broth micro- and macrodilution assays were in agreement and revealed that the six clinical isolates had greatly reduced susceptibilities to terbinafine. The MICs of terbinafine for these strains were >4 μg/ml, whereas they were <0.0002 μg/ml for the susceptible reference strains. Consistent with these findings, the minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of terbinafine for all six strains were >128 μg/ml, whereas they were 0.0002 μg/ml for the reference strain. The MIC of terbinafine for the baseline strain (cultured at the initial screening visit and before therapy was started) was already 4,000-fold higher than normal, suggesting that this is a case of primary resistance to terbinafine. The results obtained by the broth macrodilution procedure revealed that the terbinafine MICs and MFCs for sequential isolates apparently increased during the course of therapy. RAPD analyses did not reveal any differences between the isolates. The terbinafine-resistant isolates exhibited normal susceptibilities to clinically available antimycotics including itraconazole, fluconazole, and griseofulvin. However, these isolates were fully cross resistant to several other known squalene epoxidase inhibitors, including naftifine, butenafine, tolnaftate, and tolciclate, suggesting a target-specific mechanism of resistance. This is the first confirmed report of terbinafine resistance in dermatophytes.
The Effect of Switching Barriers on Customer Retention in Korean Mobile Telecommunication Services

This paper aims to investigate the influence of the interaction between customer satisfaction and switching barriers on customer retention in mobile telecommunication services. The detailed factors regarding switching barriers are classified based on the related literatures. Furthermore, the hierarchical regression analysis is used to analyze the extent to which the factors affect customer retention. The results are as follows: First, among the factors of switching barriers, switching costs, such as continuity cost and contractual cost, interpersonal relationship, and attractiveness of alternatives are key factors in determining customer retention. Second, continuity cost and interpersonal relationship have an adjustment effect between customer satisfaction and customer retention. The findings can help the mobile operators establish a customer-oriented strategy by identifying a few key factors strengthening the linkage with customers
Lysine Restriction and Pyridoxal Phosphate Administration in a NADK2 Patient

We report the case of a 10-year-old Spanish girl with mutations in NADK2. Prenatal central nervous system abnormalities showed ventriculomegaly, colpocephaly, and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. At birth, axial hypotonia, uncoordinated movements, microcephaly, and generalized cerebellar atrophy were detected. Metabolic investigations revealed high lysine, lactate, and pipecolic acid levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Pyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in fibroblasts were normal. Beginning at birth she received biotin, thiamine, and carnitine supplementation. A lysine-restricted diet was started when she was 1 month old. Because pipecolic acid was high, pyridoxine was added to treatment. At 3 years old, astatic myoclonic epilepsy appeared, with no response to levetiracetam. We switched pyridoxine to pyridoxal phosphate, with electroclinical improvement. Because the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes III and IV was slightly low in muscle, other cofactors such as ubidecarenone, idebenone, vitamin E, and creatine were added to the treatment. At 8 years old, plasma acylcarnitine testing was performed, and high levels of 2-trans, 4-cis-decadienoylcarnitine were found. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous splice site mutation in NADK2 (c.956+6T>C; p.Trp319Cysfs*21). This substitution generates exon skipping, leading to a truncated protein. In fact, NADK2 messenger RNA and the corresponding protein were almost absent. Now, at 10 years of age she presents with ataxia and incoordination. She has oromotor dysphasia but is able to understand fluid language and is a very friendly girl. We hypothesize that the patient’s clinical improvement could be due to her lysine-restricted diet together with cofactors and pyridoxal phosphate administration.