Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiences of beginning teachers in a school‐based mentoring program in Sweden

Even though teacher education has been successful in preparing students for their future profession, the classroom reality can differ greatly from the inservice training. Many novice teachers therefore find the transition from student teacher to inservice teacher overwhelming To support beginning teachers, mentoring programs—where more experienced teachers support novice teachers—have become commonplace in many schools worldwide. In Sweden, mentoring for beginning teachers has been a frequent feature of support since 2001. This study, conducted in Sweden, examines seven novice teachers and the impact the mentoring process had upon them during their first‐year teaching. Based on interviews, it was found that these experienced both professional and personal support from their mentors. The study also showed the significance of observant leaders within the mentorship program following up on the development of the mentor–mentee relationship.
MRI and CT characteristics of successfully ablated renal masses: Imaging surveillance after radiofrequency ablation.

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate the evolution of the appearances of successfully ablated renal masses on CT and MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 28 solid renal masses in 25 patients who underwent percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) between July 2003 and July 2006 in whom there was no evidence of residual tumor during at least 1 year of imaging follow-up and there was postablation biopsy proof of nonviable tissue within the ablation cavity. Three radiologists assessed the size, morphology, and CT or MRI characteristics of the initial tumor and of the ablated tumor or ablation cavity at imaging follow-up 1-2, 3-5, 6-11, and 12-24 months after RFA. RESULTS The mean initial tumor volume was 5.5 cm(3) (range, 0.3-22.3 cm(3)). Within 1-2 months, the postablation beds of small masses (< or = 3 cm(3)) were larger than the volume of the initial tumor. Large masses (> 3 cm(3)) did not show this increase in volume. At 12 months after RFA, the postablation beds had decreased in size but had not disappeared. On CT, the postablation beds did not show enhancement at any time. On MRI, the postablation beds often showed a thin rim of peripheral enhancement. Imaging follow-up often revealed local stranding in the perinephric fat adjacent to the ablation site. Exophytic tumors were more likely to separate from the renal parenchyma as they contracted toward their epicenter and were more likely to reveal a complete halo of soft-tissue attenuation in the adjacent perinephric fat, which became more apparent on the longer-term follow-up imaging studies. CONCLUSION Successfully ablated tumors show predictable imaging features that can be used to guide interpretation of CT and MRI surveillance examinations.
Enhancing On-Task Behavior in Fourth-Grade Students Using a Modified Color Wheel System

The authors used a withdrawal design to evaluate the effects of a modified Color Wheel System (M-CWS) on the on-task behavior of 7 students enrolled in the 4th grade. Standard CWS procedures were modified to include a 4th set of rules designed to set behavioral expectation for cooperative learning activities. Mean data showed that immediately after the M-CWS was applied, on-task behavior increased. In subsequent phases, on-task behavior immediately decreased when the M-CWS was withdrawn and immediately increased when it was reapplied, with no overlapping data across adjacent phases. For each participant, effects sizes calculated across the 3 adjacent phases revealed large effects for 20/21 comparisons. In addition to providing evidence of internal validity, these results demonstrate how educators can adapt the system.
Homeobox Protein HB9 Binds to the Prostaglandin E Receptor 2 Promoter and Inhibits Intracellular cAMP Mobilization in Leukemic Cells*

Background: HB9 is highly expressed in translocation t(7;12) positive infant AML. Results: HB9 binds to the PTGER2 promoter, down-regulates PTGER2 gene expression and subsequently represses cAMP synthesis in hematopoietic cells. Conclusion: Expression of HLXB9 represses PTGER2 mediated signaling. Significance: First molecular report of HB9-dependent target gene regulation in hematopoietic cells. The transcription factor HB9, encoded by the homeobox gene B9 (HLXB9), is involved in the development of pancreatic beta- and motor neuronal cells. In addition, HLXB9 is recurrently rearranged in young children with acute myeloid leukemia characterized by a chromosomal translocation t(7;12)-HLXB9/TEL and concomitant high expression of the unrearranged, wild-type HLXB9 allele. However, target genes of HB9 in hematopoietic cells are not known to date. In this study, we used ChIP-on-chip analysis together with expression profiling and identified PTGER2 (prostaglandin E receptor 2) as a target gene of HB9 in a hematopoietic cell line. The functional HB9 homeodomain as well as the HB9 binding domain within the PTGER2 promoter are essential for binding of HB9 to the PTGER2 promoter region and down-regulation of PTGER2 expression. Functionally, HB9 conducted down-regulation of PTGER2 results in a reduced content of intracellular cAMP mobilization and furthermore the decreased PTGER2 gene expression is valid in bone marrow cells from translocation t(7;12) positive patients. Among the primary and secondary target genes of HB9 in the myeloid cell line HL60, 78% of significantly regulated genes are down-regulated, indicating an overall repressive function of HB9. Differentially regulated genes were preferentially confined to pathways involved in cell-adhesion and cell-cell interactions, similar to the gene expression footprint of HLXB9-expressing cells from t(7;12) positive patients.
Little England Beyond Wales: Re-defining the Myth

Abstract The southern part of Pembrokeshire in south-west Wales is today popularly known as Little England Beyond Wales. This is a headline for a cultural history which gives us cricket in West Wales (Figure 1) and which explains how English as a language came to dominate this area on the north side of the Bristol Channel, following its conquest by Anglo-Normans in the late eleventh and twelfth centuries. This history, however, has drawn the interpretation of placenames and landscape towards an assumption that this is a product of massive settlement by Norman lords and English peasants. This article provides a critique of that myth by discussing its nature, origin and development. While accepting the argument of linguistic change, it does question the assumptions of process, especially those related to physical change in the landscape. The work of the Carew Castle Archaeological Project provides a case study for analysing some of the details of landscape morphology and development in the critical period. It concludes that the landscape of South Pembrokeshire, as in North Pembrokeshire, is likely to be founded on a pre-Norman base of dispersed settlement and co-axial field systems, with some nucleation also beginning as a process towards the end of this period. However, nucleation was on a relatively small scale and continued throughout the Middle Ages and even into the Tudor era, when the myth of Little England was itself being created. Indeed it could be suggested that the manipulation of the landscape was a deliberate act of Anglicising by an aspirant gentry in the political circumstances of the Tudor policy of amalgamation which culminated in the Acts of Union and which is only now being undone in contemporary Wales.
Validity and Reliability of 5 Hz GPS for Measurement of Non-Linear Cycling Distance and Velocity

This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a 5 Hz GPS system for recording distance and velocity during non-linear cycling activity. One trained male cyclist (age 37 yrs; stature 172.4 cm; body mass 74.2 kg) took part in the study. Two non-differential GPS units (Minimax X3, Catapult) were attached securely into the rear pocket of a cycling shirt at approximately the T11-12 vertebrae. The participant performed 3 laps at each velocity of 10, 20 and 30 km.h -1 on a tarmac track. GPS distance was contrasted to that recorded by a calibrated trundle wheel and cycle computer (COMP) (S710, Polar), whilst GPS velocity was compared simultaneously with the COMP. GPS and COMP velocities were strongly correlated at 10 km.h -1
Detecting the Creative in Written Discourse

This article explores the notion of creativity as it relates to writing. It supports the tenet that all written texts, regardless of genre, contain creative elements to varying degrees, one reason being the representational aspect of language and, in particular, written language. It proposes that it would be more productive to examine written creativity on a continuum rather than through an exclusive dichotomy between creative and non-creative, and describes the elements that would be involved in such a continuum. The article explains some pertinent approaches to creativity, both linguistic and non-linguistic, and leads to a discussion of creative techniques on semantic, syntactic, and textual levels, drawing examples from a database of different texts.
A computational theory of awareness and decision making

We exhibit a new computational-based definition of awareness, informally that our level of unawareness of an object is the amount of time needed to generate that object within a certain environment. We give several examples to show this notion matches our intuition in scenarios where one organizes, accesses and transfers information. We also give a formal process-independent definition of awareness based on Levin's universal enumeration. We show the usefulness of computational awareness by showing how it relates to decision making, and how others can manipulate our decision making with appropriate advertising, in particular, we show connections to sponsored search and brand awareness. Understanding awareness can also help rate the effectiveness of various user interfaces designed to access information.
Evaluating Internet and Scholarly Sources Across the Disciplines: Two Case Studies

Although most college faculty expect their students to analyze Internet and scholarly sources in a critical and responsible manner, recent research suggests that many undergraduates are unable to discriminate between credible and noncredible sources, in part because they lack the proper training and relevant experiences. The authors describe two case studies from different disciplines (psychology and history) that offer a variety of strategies instructors can use to help students learn to critically evaluate and analyze Internet and scholarly sources.
Integrating corpus work into secondary education: From data-driven learning to needs-driven corpora

Abstract This paper reports on an empirical case study conducted to investigate the overall conditions and challenges of integrating corpus materials and corpus-based learning activities into English-language classes at a secondary school in Germany. Starting from the observation that in spite of the large amount of research into corpus-based language learning, hands-on work with corpora has remained an exception in secondary schools, the paper starts by outlining a set of pedagogical requirements for corpus integration and the approach which has formed the basis for designing the case study. Then the findings of the study are reported and discussed. As a result of the methodological challenges identified in the study, the author argues for a move from ‘data-driven learning’ to needs-driven corpora, corpus activities and corpus methodologies.
Effects of a Daytime Serial and a Public Service Announcement in Promoting Cognitions, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Bone-Marrow Testing

Past research related to health promotion and public service announcements (PSAs) has generally found that PSAs are successful at public education but are relatively ineffective at promoting appropriate health-related behaviors. According to Wallack (1990), progress toward health promotion must move beyond the standard PSA. This study explored the effectiveness of a soap opera (All My Children) promoting bone-marrow testing when used in combination with a PSA. The investigation found that the addition of a PSA at the end of one episode significantly improved the soap opera's persuasibility in promoting bone-marrow testing by increasing audience members' knowledge, attitudes, and actual behaviors related to bone-marrow testing. Implications for future media campaigns directed at health promotion are discussed.
Perceptual Differences between Men and Women: A 3D Facial Morphometric Perspective

Understanding the features employed by the human visual system in gender classification is considered a critical step towards improving machine based gender classification systems. We propose the use of 3D Euclidean and geodesic distances between biologically significant facial landmarks to classify gender. We perform five different experiments on the BU-3DFE face database to look for more representative features that can replicate our visual system. Based on our experiments we suggest that the human visual system looks at the ratio of 3D Euclidean and geodesic distance as these features can classify facial gender with an accuracy of 99.32%. The features selected by our proposed gender classification experiment are robust to ethnicity and moderate changes in expression. They also replicate the perceptual gender bias towards certain features and hence become good candidates for being a more representative feature set.
T-cell–intrinsic Tif1α/Trim24 regulates IL-1R expression on TH2 cells and TH2 cell-mediated airway allergy

Significance The increasing number of patients presenting with severe asthma throughout the world present a clear unmet medical need. This study identified putative transcriptional regulators in T-helper 2 (TH2) cells with the aim of identifying previously unidentified targets to inhibit TH2-mediated allergy. Genetic deletion of Trim24 (tripartite motif-containing 24) in T cells showed that Trim24 was essential for TH2-mediated allergy. Transcriptional analysis showed that Trim24 was required for many of the pathogenic properties of TH2 cells and that IL-1–regulated signaling is compromised in Trim24−/− cells. In vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches identified a previously overlooked role for Trim24 in TH2-mediated allergy and validate a combined approach to interrogate transcriptional datasets to identify new therapeutic targets to prevent allergy and asthma. There is a paucity of new therapeutic targets to control allergic reactions and forestall the rising trend of allergic diseases. Although a variety of immune cells contribute to allergy, cytokine-secreting αβ+CD4+ T-helper 2 (TH2) cells orchestrate the type-2–driven immune response in a large proportion of atopic asthmatics. To identify previously unidentified putative targets in pathogenic TH2 cells, we performed in silico analyses of recently published transcriptional data from a wide variety of pathogenic TH cells [Okoye IS, et al. (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111(30):E3081–E3090] and identified that transcription intermediary factor 1 regulator-alpha (Tif1α)/tripartite motif-containing 24 (Trim24) was predicted to be active in house dust mite (HDM)- and helminth-elicited Il4gfp+αβ+CD4+ TH2 cells but not in TH1, TH17, or Treg cells. Testing this prediction, we restricted Trim24 deficiency to T cells by using a mixed bone marrow chimera system and found that T-cell–intrinsic Trim24 is essential for HDM-mediated airway allergy and antihelminth immunity. Mechanistically, HDM-elicited Trim24−/− T cells have reduced expression of many TH2 cytokines and chemokines and were predicted to have compromised IL-1–regulated signaling. Following this prediction, we found that Trim24−/− T cells have reduced IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) expression, are refractory to IL-1β–mediated activation in vitro and in vivo, and fail to respond to IL-1β–exacerbated airway allergy. Collectively, these data identify a previously unappreciated Trim24-dependent requirement for IL-1R expression on TH2 cells and an important nonredundant role for T-cell–intrinsic Trim24 in TH2-mediated allergy and antihelminth immunity.
Do You See What I See?: Third-Person Effects on Public Communication Through Self-Esteem, Social Stigma, and Product Use

In this experiment I examined the effect of self-esteem, negative stigma of product in a message, and product use as a form of ego-involvement on the third-person effect in an effort to understand the variables underlying the third-person effect. The findings broaden 1 belief about the third-person effect in relation to public communication and call into question 2 others. This has ramifications in the area of public opinion regarding socially stigmatized messages, particularly in the realm of tobacco and alcohol advertising, suggesting the perception that a publicly communicated message containing a social stigma can influence the level of the third-person effect, indirectly affecting public communication and opinion formation.
Relation of obesity and gender to left ventricular hypertrophy in normotensive and hypertensive adults.

Although it is recognized that both hypertension and obesity are associated with increased left ventricular mass, the relative impacts of obesity, arterial hypertension, and gender on the prevalence of ventricular hypertrophy remain uncertain. Accordingly, echocardiographic left ventricular mass normalized for height to the power of the allometric or growth relation between ventricular mass and height was compared in 164 normotensive subjects (85 men [24 obese] and 79 women [28 obese], aged 45 +/- 12 years) and 475 hypertensive patients (325 men [126 obese] and 150 women [85 obese], aged 54 +/- 10 years) from an adult employed population. Gender-specific upper normal limits were used to identify ventricular hypertrophy. Left ventricular mass/height 2.7 was higher in obese than normal-weight normotensive subjects (P < .004) independently of the level of blood pressure and identified a higher prevalence of hypertrophy (mainly eccentric) in obese than in normal-weight normotensive subjects (14% versus 5%, P < .04), a difference that was not detected by left ventricular mass/body surface area. Left ventricular mass/height identified hypertrophy in 52% of obese and 30% of normal-weight hypertensive patients (P < .0001) because of higher prevalences in obese than normal-weight patients of both eccentric (34% versus 20%) and concentric ventricular hypertrophy (18% versus 10%). The increase in left ventricular mass was independent of blood pressure values in obese normotensive women (but not men), and the prevalence of supranormal left ventricular mass/height 2.7 was even higher in hypertensive obese women (58%) than men (49%). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Buccal bone formation after flapless extraction: a randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/absorbable collagen carrier and collagen sponge alone.

BACKGROUND Flapless extraction of teeth allows for undisturbed preservation of the nearby periosteum and a source of osteoprogenitor cells. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) has been used for different bone augmentation purposes with great osteoinductive capacity. The aim of this study is to compare the bone regenerative ability of rhBMP-2 on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier to a collagen sponge (CS) alone in extraction sites with ≥50% buccal dehiscence. METHODS Thirty-nine patients requiring extraction of a hopeless tooth with ≥50% buccal dehiscence were enrolled. After flapless extraction and randomization, either rhBMP-2/ACS carrier or CS alone was placed in the extraction site. After extraction, a baseline cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was obtained of the site, and a similar scan was obtained 5 months postoperatively. Medical imaging and viewing software were used to compare the baseline and 5-month postoperative images of the study site and assess ridge width measurements, vertical height changes, and buccal plate regeneration. RESULTS Radiographically, CBCT analysis showed that with ≥50% of buccal bone destruction, rhBMP-2/ACS was able to regenerate a portion of the lost buccal plate, maintain theoretical ridge dimensions, and allow for implant placement 5 months after extraction. The test group performed significantly (P <0.05) better in regard to clinical buccal plate regeneration (4.75 versus 1.85 mm), clinical ridge width at 5 months (6.0 versus 4.62 mm), and radiographic ridge width at 3 mm from the alveolar crest (6.17 versus 4.48 mm) after molar exclusion. There was also significantly (P <0.05) less remaining buccal dehiscence, both clinically (6.81 versus 10.0 mm) and radiographically (3.42 versus 5.16 mm), at 5 months in the test group. Significantly (P <0.05) more implants were placed in the test group without the need for additional augmentation. The mean loss in vertical ridge height (lingual/palatal) was less in the test sites but was not significantly (P = 0.514) different between the test and control groups (0.39 versus 0.64 mm). CONCLUSIONS rhBMP-2/ACS compared to CS alone used in flapless extraction sites with a buccal dehiscence is able to regenerate lost buccal plate, maintain theoretical ridge dimensions, and allow for implant placement 5 months later.
Performance or enactment? The role of the higher level teaching assistant in a remodelled school workforce in England

This article draws on research conducted over two years in the North West of England and is located in the context of workforce remodelling. It examines how the higher level teaching assistant (HLTA) role has developed and is appraised and suggests that the anomalous nature of the role, which often relies on the enactment of observed teacher performance, and the ambiguous, localised, niche roles which have developed, render measurement of impact problematic. The performance of HLTAs is assessed using a vocational model which relies on retrospective self-assessment of competence and the article draws on Foucault’s (1988) concept of ‘technologies of the self’ to examine the implications of using this approach. The article also suggests that the use of predominantly self-assessment to measure competence is problematic and applies Kruger & Dunning’s (1999: 1122) notion of the ‘unskilled and unaware’ to argue that lack of contextualised and specialised knowledge can lead to ‘inflated self-appraisals’.
The Stream of Consciousness: XII. Consciousness and Self-Awareness

Consciousness and self-awareness—how are they mutually related? This contribution to the present series of articles begins to consider replies to this question from the Jamesian perspective of The Principles. First, several relevant senses of consciousness are made explicit. Then, I give attention to James's notion of personal consciousness: How do the basic durational components of a stream of consciousness “cohere” to form a stream, given that, on James's mind—body dualism, they do not have a spatial location? Continuities of content among the components of a single stream is supposed to be the unifying factor; James held bodily feelings are an intrinsic feature of every component of a stream. The diachronic unity of consciousness rests heavily on a kind of self-awareness. Also addressed here are inner awareness, or the immediate awareness that one can have of one's mental-occurrence instances, and whether remembering past experiences requires that one had not only inner awareness of them when they occurred, but self-awareness as well.