Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical Hyper-Parameters: No Random, No Cry

The selection of hyper-parameters is critical in Deep Learning. Because of the long training time of complex models and the availability of compute resources in the cloud, "one-shot" optimization schemes - where the sets of hyper-parameters are selected in advance (e.g. on a grid or in a random manner) and the training is executed in parallel - are commonly used. It is known that grid search is sub-optimal, especially when only a few critical parameters matter, and suggest to use random search instead. Yet, random search can be "unlucky" and produce sets of values that leave some part of the domain unexplored. Quasi-random methods, such as Low Discrepancy Sequences (LDS) avoid these issues. We show that such methods have theoretical properties that make them appealing for performing hyperparameter search, and demonstrate that, when applied to the selection of hyperparameters of complex Deep Learning models (such as state-of-the-art LSTM language models and image classification models), they yield suitable hyperparameters values with much fewer runs than random search. We propose a particularly simple LDS method which can be used as a drop-in replacement for grid or random search in any Deep Learning pipeline, both as a fully one-shot hyperparameter search or as an initializer in iterative batch optimization.
Low-dose ionizing radiation effects on differentiation of HL-60 cells

The biological effects of low-dose radiation have attracted attention, but data are currently insufficient to fully understand the beneficial role of the phenomenon. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of low doses of gamma-irradiation alone and in combination with all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Changes in cell behavior and protein expression were determined with the use of light and fluorescent microscopy, immunocytochemical and Western blot analysis. Low-dose irradiation with 1–100 cGy caused a dose-dependent inhibition of HL-60 cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis and differentiation to granulocytes with an increase in the number of CD15-positive cells. Pre-irradiation with 1–100 cGy for 24 h before treatment with RA promoted apoptosis but did not impair RA-induced differentiation. Both processes were associated with a decrease in the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), BCL-2, c-MYC, and changes in both cytosolic and nuclear levels of protein tyrosine-phosphorylation as well as protein kinase C alpha or beta isoforms. These results demonstrate the beneficial role of low-dose irradiation in modulating leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.
Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO) in Diverse Ethnic Groups

Parenting interactions are important for children's early development, but existing observational measures of parenting are often difficult for practitioners to use in their work with parents and have been developed based on primarily European American middle-income parents. Practitioners working with parents of infants and young children need a psychometrically strong observational measure of parenting behaviors appropriate for diverse groups. We tested the reliability and validity of 89 specific parenting behavior items by having observers rate over 4,500 viderecorded observations of parent-infant interaction from the archive of the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project and other research. These observations at multiple age points were from over 2,000 low-icome families, including European Americans, African Americans, and Latino Americans. Interrater agreement was tested for each item. Scale internal consistency and single-factor structure were tested within each of four domains—affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching. Validity was tested with concurrent parenting measures and child development outcome measures. The 29 most consistently reliable and valid items comprise the final version of Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO), an evidence-based observational measure of parenting with very young children that is psychometrically sound and useful for practitioners working with diverse groups. Abstracts translated in Spanish, French, German, and Japanese can be found on the abstract page of each article on Wiley Online Library at http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/imhj.
Sports day in Canada: a longitudinal evaluation

Sports Day in Canada (SDIC) is an annual event celebrating the role of sport within communities and promoting sport participation across Canada. SDIC ends a week of thousands of local sporting events and activities with a day-long national television broadcast. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether awareness of SDIC has increased over time among Canadians (2010–2013), identify correlates of awareness, and assess changes in individuals' intentions to engage in sport. Online surveys were administered (2010: N = 863; 2011: N = 674; 2012: N = 861; 2013: N = 1447) to assess demographics, levels of physical activity and sport participation, awareness of SDIC, and intentions to participate in sport and physical activity as a result of SDIC. Analyses were conducted using independent t-tests, one-way ANOVAs, and a series of binary logistic regressions. Awareness of SDIC increased significantly from 26.9% in 2010 to 41.2% in 2013. Current sport participation (OR 1.21; 95% CI [1.11, 1.32]; OR 1.32; 95% CI [1.19, 1.47]; OR 1.26; 95% CI [1.16, 1.37]; OR 1.30; 95% CI [1.22, 1.38]) was the only significant correlate of awareness in years 2010–2013, respectively. Among people aware of SDIC, intentions to participate in sport as a result of SDIC have significantly increased over time, F(3, 1662) = 8.88, p < . 001. Special events such as SDIC appear to have a role to play as part of a broader strategy to encourage sport participation among Canadians. A challenge for such events remains in reaching inactive people.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE PRODUTOS ORGÂNICOS: UM OLHAR SOB A ÓTICA DO MARKETING

As mudancas de comportamento do consumidor de alimentos tem determinado e influenciado as estrategias e atitudes dos outros elos das cadeias produtivas. Esta logica altera a visao de que a producao determina o consumo e, portanto, as estrategias de marketing, para uma visao da producao orientada pelo consumo. Assim, este estudo objetiva identificar as principais estrategias de marketing dos produtores familiares de produtos orgânicos, expostos na 29a Exposicao Feira Internacional (Expointer) realizada em agosto/setembro de 2006, no Parque de Exposicoes Assis Brasil, em Esteio, Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para fundamentar as proposicoes e questionamentos deste estudo, foram abordadas algumas reflexoes teoricas acerca da agricultura familiar, producao orgânica,cooperacao e marketing. Os dados foram coletados atraves da aplicacao de um questionario semi-estruturado a representantes de nove agroindustrias familiares produtora de orgânicos. Verificou-se que os produtores orgânicos estudados apresentam estrategias de marketing incipientes, centradas principalmente na participacao em feiras. Neste sentido, percebe-se a cooperacao, mediante a formacao de redes de cooperacao, como alternativa relevante no estabelecimento de um olhar da producao e comercializacao de orgânicos a partir do marketing, orientado pela demanda.
Faculty Consulting and Scientific Knowledge: A Traditional University-Industry Linkage

In this article, faculty consulting activity is examined in the context of literature on university industry linkage mechanisms. Alternative hypotheses concerning the relationship between consulting and research productivity are developed around zero sum (time scarcity) and nonzero sum (complementary role) assumptions. Bivariate analysis on the basis of occupational groups indicates a positive relationship with productivity at low to moderate levels of consulting activity. The pattern is consistent with the complementary role thesis for all disciplinary groups except the Humanities. The general form of the relationship is sustained by an exploratory regression analysis involving selected controls for alternative sources of productivity variance. While additional research concerning casual relationships and effects on long-term knowledge production is needed, the evidence suggests that individual faculty consulting implies much more than income supplementation and should be the object of proactive human resource policies and practices.
Canary Replica Feedback for Near-DRV Standby VDD Scaling in a 90nm SRAM

Canary bitcells act as online monitors in a feedback architecture to sense the proximity to the data retention voltage (DRV) for core SRAM bitcells during standby voltage scaling. This approach implements aggressive standby VDD scaling by tracking PVT variations and gives the flexibility to tradeoff between the safety of data and decreased leakage power. A 90 nm 128 Kb SRAM test chip confirms that the canary cells track changes in temperature and VDD and that they provide a reliable mechanism for protecting core cells in a closed loop VDD scaling system. Power savings improve by up to 30times compared with the conventional guard-banding approach.
Adjuvant-Enhanced Antibody Responses in the Absence of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling

Innate immune signals mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been thought to contribute considerably to the antibody-enhancing effects of vaccine adjuvants. However, we report here that mice deficient in the critical signaling components for TLR mount robust antibody responses to T cell–dependent antigen given in four typical adjuvants: alum, Freund's complete adjuvant, Freund's incomplete adjuvant, and monophosphoryl-lipid A/trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant. We conclude that TLR signaling does not account for the action of classical adjuvants and does not fully explain the action of a strong adjuvant containing a TLR ligand. This may have important implications in the use and development of vaccine adjuvants.
Jacobs Journal of Bioinformatics and Proteomics Systems Biology of the Proteomic Analysis of Cytotoxic Gold Compounds in A 2780 Ovarian Cancer Cell Line : A Network Analysis

Gold and ruthenium compounds hold today great promise as new metallodrugs for treatment of human ovarian carcinoma; yet, their mode of action is still largely unknown. To shed light on their molecular mechanisms in previous studies we performed proteomic analysis in the A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line, after treatment with four different gold and two ruthenium compounds. To gain a better interpretation of their cellular effects we reported here the bioinformatic analysis of proteomic data that confirmed the action of these metallodrugs on previously identified signaling pathways such as glucose metabolism, protein folding, and cell division cycle and apoptosis. In addition, this new study pointed out the involvement of novel pathways such as synthesis and degradation of purine/pyrimidine nucleotides as well mitochondrial energy metabolism. These findings strengthen the idea of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function as possible target of both gold and ruthenium compound in A2780 cell line.
Management of perforation after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): a population-based review.

BACKGROUND Perforation related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a rare complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the management and outcomes of these perforations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between July 1996 and December 2002, a total of 6620 ERCPs were performed at our regional endoscopy unit serving the 1.5 million population of Southern Alberta. Thirty perforations (0.45%) were identified and retrospectively reviewed. Results. Seven of these 30 patients were found to have guidewire perforations of the bile duct, 11 perforations were peri-ampullary, 3 duodenal, 1 esophageal, and 1 patient had a perforation of an afferent limb of a Billroth II anastomosis. In seven patients the location of the perforation could not be determined (unknown). All patients with guidewire perforations were recognized during ERCP, and all were managed medically. Of the 11 peri-ampullary perforations, 7 of these patients had a pre-cut sphincterotomy, 5 underwent surgery and 4 patients died. Delay in diagnosis occurred in all patients that died. Of the three duodenal perforations, all required operation and one patient died. Of the seven 'unknown' retroperitoneal perforations, two patients required surgery and there was no mortality. The patients with esophageal and afferent limb perforations both recovered uneventfully after surgery. Most patients who required surgery had retroperitoneal fluid seen on CT scanning. CONCLUSIONS We found that most guidewire perforations can be managed medically with little morbidity. Pre-cut sphincterotomy is a risk factor for perforation. Peri-ampullary and duodenal perforations have a high morbidity and mortality rate. In particular, retroperitoneal fluid collections on CT scans, delay in diagnosis and failure of medical therapy requiring salvage surgery are associated with poor outcomes. Early aggressive surgery may improve patient care.
Evaporation from Pinus caribaea plantations on former grassland soils under maritime tropical conditions

Wet canopy and dry canopy evaporation from young and mature plantations of Pinus caribaea on former grassland soils under maritime tropical conditions in southwestern Viti Levu, Fiji, were determined using micrometeorological and hydrological techniques. Modeled annual evaporation totals (ET) of 1926 and 1717 mm were derived for the 6‐ and the 15‐year‐old stands, respectively. Transpiration made up 72% and 70% of annual ET, and modeled rainfall interception by the trees and litter layer was 20–22% and 8–9% in the young and the mature stands respectively. Monthly ET was related to forest leaf area index and was much higher than that for the kind of tall fire‐climax Pennisetum polystachyon grassland replaced by the forests. Grassland reforestation resulted in a maximum decrease in annual water yield of 1180 mm on a plot basis, although it is argued that a reduction of (at least) 500–700 mm would be more realistic at the catchment scale. The impact of reforesting grassland on the water resources in southwest Viti Levu is enhanced by its location in a maritime, seasonal climate in the outer tropics, which favors a larger difference between annual forest and grassland evaporation totals than do equatorial regions.
Association between late-life social activity and motor decline in older adults.

BACKGROUND Loss of motor function is a common consequence of aging, but little is known about the factors that predict idiopathic motor decline. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that late-life social activity is related to the rate of change in motor function in old age. METHODS Longitudinal cohort study with a mean follow-up of 4.9 years with 906 persons without stroke, Parkinson disease, or dementia participating in the Rush Memory and Aging Project. At baseline, participants rated the frequency of their current participation in common social activities from which a summary measure of social activity was derived. The main outcome measure was annual change in a composite measure of global motor function, based on 9 measures of muscle strength and 9 motor performances. RESULTS Mean (SD) social activity score at baseline was 2.6 (0.58), with higher scores indicating more frequent participation in social activities. In a generalized estimating equation model, controlling for age, sex, and education, global motor function declined by approximately 0.05 U/y (estimate, 0.016; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.057 to 0.041 [P = .02]). Each 1-point decrease in social activity was associated with approximately a 33% more rapid rate of decline in motor function (estimate, 0.016; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.029 [P = .02]). The effect of each 1-point decrease in the social activity score at baseline on the rate of change in global motor function was the same as being approximately 5 years older at baseline (age estimate, -0.003; 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.002 [P<.001]). Furthermore, this amount of motor decline per year was associated with a more than 40% increased risk of death (hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.60) and a 65% increased risk of incident Katz disability (hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.48 to 1.83). The association of social activity with the rate of global motor decline did not vary along demographic lines and was unchanged (estimate, 0.025; 95% CI, 0.005 to 0.045 [P = .01]) after controlling for potential confounders including late-life physical and cognitive activity, disability, global cognition depressive symptoms, body composition, and chronic medical conditions. CONCLUSION Less frequent participation in social activities is associated with a more rapid rate of motor function decline in old age.
Diet and risk of dementia: does fat matter? The Rotterdam Study.

To the Editor: The recent article on risks associated with dietary fats for AD and vascular dementia by Engelhart et al.1 is interesting but as indicated in the article, at odds with several recent articles. The question is why? The ecologic study looked at entire populations.2 It was found that diet 4 years before the prevalence data had the highest correlation with AD. Dietary fat was the highest individual risk factor, but including fish in a multiple linear regression improved the correlation. Total energy supply …
Aflatoxin B1 and its interconverting metabolite aflatoxicol in milk: the situation in Mexico

Between 1996 and 1998, 580 litres of milk in Mexico were surveyed for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its metabolite aflatoxicol (AFL), which are mutagenic and carcinogenic mycotoxins that interconvert AFB1–AFL–AFB1. The seven most consumed brands from different regions of Mexico included pasteurized and ultrapasteurized milk with four different fat levels: whole fat (28–33 g l−1), half-skimmed (10–20 g l−1), light (1–4 g l−1) and with vegetable oil (33 g l−1). Aflatoxins in each sample were concentrated with total aflatoxin immunoaffinity columns and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography. A milk sample was considered contaminated if it contained ≥0.05 μg l−1 AFL. Pasteurization and ultrapasteurization of milk did not control contamination with AFL, which was present in 13% of samples at ≥0.05 μg l−1 and in 8% at ≥0.5 μg l−1, with a range of AFL from 0 to 12.4 μg l−1. AFB1 was present mainly in traces (0–0.4 μg l−1). The safest milk in relation to AFL contamination was imported milk powder with vegetable oil. There was a significant correlation between contamination of milk with AFL and the autumn (p<0.0002); the fat content was not significant.
The use of spontaneous gesture by aphasic patients

Abstract In order to determine the extent to which aphasic patients are able to use hand gestures in their spontaneous communication, informally structured 20-minute interviews were conducted with three Wernicke's aphasics, four Broca's aphasics and five non-neurologically impaired control subjects. The study has been designed to overcome some of the methodological problems inherent in existing research, notably; (1) the classification of subjects according to the type of aphasia present, (2) the analysis of representative samples of naturally occurring conversation, (3) the use of a well-defined and reliable system of gesture classification, and (4) the interpretation of results based on formal statistical analyses. Overall, it was found that there were significant differences between the three groups in their use of hand gestures. The results of the study indicate that hand gestures are used most by Broca's aphasics and least by non-aphasic controls. Batons, ideographs and deictic movements were associa.
The Prolonged Inclusion of Roma Groups in Swedish Society

Inclusion policies focusing on Roma groups started in Sweden during the 1950s, when the Swedish government recognized the formal citizen status of the so called “Swedish Gypsies”, a group consisting of approximately 740 people. As the Roma were perceived as people living outside the boundaries of normal society, the challenge facing the Swedish authorities was how to outline and organize the new policies. In our analyses we focus on the taken-for-granted premises of these policies. We discuss the “entry process” of these Roma into Swedish society. People-processing organizations classified Roma as “socially disabled” in different administrative contexts. In the early 1960s adult male Roma were classified as socially disabled on the labor market. Later during the same decade, experts and professionals increasingly focused attention on the Roma family as a problematic institution. In this context, Roma adults were classified as disabled in relation to the normative representations of parental capacities during that time, while Roma children of school age were defined as children with difficulties and put in special groups for children with problems. The related interventions were justified by a discourse on social inclusion, but in reality produced a web of measures, practices and yet further interventions, which in the long run have contributed to perpetuate the social marginality of Roma groups.
Dispositional and Situational Autonomy as Moderators of Mood and Creativity

Although previous research suggests that mood can influence creativity, the controversy about the effects of positive and negative moods has raged for years. This study investigated how the relationship between induced mood and creativity is moderated by dispositional and situational autonomy. It contrasted the different moderating effects of the 2 kinds of autonomy. In Experiment 1, 93 participants completed a questionnaire about dispositional autonomy and performed a creative task after watching 1 of 3 film clips, which were to induce positive, negative, or neutral moods. The results of experiment 1 indicated that positive moods prompted creativity and negative moods inhibited creativity when individuals were low in dispositional autonomy (low in autonomous orientation or high in impersonal orientation). In Experiment 2, 73 participants engaged in a game to manipulate levels of situational autonomy and induce positive or negative moods. The results of experiment 2 showed that positive moods fostered greater creativity than did negative moods when individuals were in full-autonomy condition. The different moderating effects of dispositional and situational autonomy are discussed.