Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of the endocytic sorting signal recognized by the Art1-Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase complex

Endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires their ubiquitination by the ART-Rsp5 ubiquitin ligase complex. Little is known about how the complex engages substrates. The Art1 C-terminus recognizes Mup1 via a tripartite ART sorting signal: an acidic patch, in proximity to the membrane and substrate lysines.
Diagnosis of Developmental Disability: Psychometrics, Behaviour, and Etiology

Diagnosis of developmental disability lacks precision, partly because of differences in definitions of the concept, but largely because of problems specific to the use of psychometric measures with children who have a developmental disability. These problems arise from inadequate evidence of reliability for psychometric measures at extremes of the normal distribution, from lack of comparability between different tests and between different editions of tests, and from practical considerations in the assessment of people with various disabilities. Adaptive behaviour assessment has been introduced to supplement intelligence testing, but lack of a clear conceptualisation of this concept and doubts about the appropriateness of United States norms for Australian children add to the difficulties of interpreting results of standardised scales. Systematic assessment of behavioural problems needs to be incorporated into diagnostic procedures. This paper argues that improvements in the accuracy of diagnosis are unlikely to come from further technical advances in psychometric assessment, and suggests that diagnosis in the future should take into account new technologies which link etiology to specific behavioural patterns to supplement existing procedures.
Improving Reversible Capacities of High-Surface Lithium Insertion Materials – The Case of Amorphous TiO2

Chemisorbed water and solvent molecules and their reactivity with components from the electrolyte in high-surface nano-structured electrodes remains a contributing factor toward capacity diminishment on cycling in lithium ion batteries due to the limit in maximum annealing temperature. Here, we report a marked improvement in the capacity retention of amorphous TiO2 by the choice of preparation solvent, control of annealing temperature, and the presence of surface functional groups. Careful heating of the amorphous TiO2 sample prepared in acetone under vacuum lead to complete removal of all molecular solvent and an improved capacity retention of 220 mAh/g over 50 cycles at a C/10 rate. Amorphous TiO2 when prepared in ethanol and heated under vacuum showed an even better capacity retention of 240 mAh/g. From Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements, the improved capacity is attributed to the complete removal of ethanol and the presence of very small fractions of residual functional groups coordinated to oxygen-deficient surface titanium sites. These displace the more reactive chemisorbed hydroxyl groups, limiting reaction with components from the electrolyte and possibly enhancing the integrity of the solid electrolyte interface. The present research provides a facile strategy to improve the capacity retention of nano-structured electrode materials.
Water Masers as Tracers of Protostellar Disks and Outflows in the Intermediate-Mass Star-forming Region NGC 2071

We have mapped the water maser emission associated with the infrared centers IRS 1 and IRS 3 of the NGC 2071IR star-forming region at four epochs over ~4 months with the Very Long Baseline Array. We detected 269 maser features with ~1 km s-1 line widths and measured 30 proper motions. In each infrared center, the water maser emission appears to trace parts of a protostellar disk and collimated outflow. The disk components are ~9 and ~17 AU long in IRS 3 and IRS 1, respectively, and ~2 AU wide. They are identified as disks by their compact size, elongation parallel to the direction of known IR polarization, central location in the maser maps, small internal proper motions, and proximity to λ1. 3 cm continuum emission. The outflows have axes perpendicular to the disks and exhibit proper motions of up to ~42 km s-1. They are outlined by maser emission up to ~260 AU from the protostars. The IRS 3 outflow appears to be conical on one side, while the IRS 1 outflow comprises a narrowly collimated bipolar flow surrounded by outward-facing, funnel-shaped cavities. The detection of water maser emission tracing such compact disk components and specifically conical or funnel-shaped structures is unusual. The fact that the distributions are similar in IRS 3 and IRS 1 may indicate that the two infrared centers are roughly coeval. NGC 2071IR provides a rare opportunity to resolve the structures and dynamics of disks and outflows together and to do so for two protostars that are only ~2000 AU apart (in projection) in a deeply embedded star-forming region of intermediate luminosity.
Plasma PCSK9 concentrations correlate with LDL and total cholesterol in diabetic patients and are decreased by fenofibrate treatment.

BACKGROUND Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes the degradation of the LDL receptor (LDLr) in hepatocytes, and its expression in mouse liver has been shown to decrease with fenofibrate treatment. METHODS We developed a sandwich ELISA using recombinant human PCSK9 protein and 2 affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed against human PCSK9. We measured circulating PCSK9 concentrations in 115 diabetic patients from the FIELD (Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes) study before and after fenofibrate treatment. RESULTS We found that plasma PCSK9 concentrations correlate with total (r = 0.45, P = 0.006) and LDL (r = 0.54, P = 0.001) cholesterol but not with triglycerides or HDL cholesterol concentrations in that cohort. After 6 weeks of treatment with comicronized fenofibrate (200 mg/day), plasma PCSK9 concentrations decreased by 8.5% (P = 0.041 vs pretreatment). This decrease correlated with the efficacy of fenofibrate, as judged by a parallel reduction in plasma triglycerides (r = 0.31, P = 0.015) and LDL cholesterol concentrations (r = 0.27, P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that this decrease in PCSK9 explains at least in part the LDL cholesterol-lowering effects of fenofibrate. Fenofibrate might be of interest to further reduce cardiovascular risk in patients already treated with a statin.
Understanding students' chosen literacy practices during non-academic times: An ethnographic teacher-research inquiry

This dissertation aims to illuminate the literacy practices that a group of “struggling” students undertake during unstructured times of the school day. The study aims to extend prior theoretical work on literacy (Street, 1984; Weil, 1993; Luttrell & Parker, 2001; Kinloch, 2010; among others) to identify the ways these students engage in literacy practices for deeply personal reasons. Further, this dissertation intends to dispel some of the many myths that surround students in special education settings and, in the case of the focal students in this study, alternative schools. Students reveal: (1) the literacy practices in which they participate, (2) explain their choices, and (3) contemplate the benefits. I ask about how they view, read, and interpret their larger worlds by way of their literacy practice(s). The study generally defines literacy practices as “what people do with literacy” (Barton & Hamilton, 2000). I expand the literature with an investigation into the personal literacy practices of high school students in special education as a means to inform their personhoods and enhance classroom instruction. The study followed five students who participated in an English elective, My Literate Self: How I View, How I Read, and How I Represent My Larger World. Students responded to a literacy prompt, discussed the daily prompt together, and created personal responses on digital slide programs. This ethnographic teacher-research inquiry utilized many ethnographic techniques, such as semi-structured interviews (Berg, 2007), unstructured interviews (Hammersley & Atkinson, 1995), field notes (Delamont, 2002; Berg, 2007), audio recordings, and research artifacts (Glesne, 2006), for data collection. Data was analyzed for emergent themes and compared through triangulation (Delamont, 2002). This study found that students employed personal literacy practices to construct identity, cope with emotions and experiences, and to critique the world around them. Further, the study found that while students used their literacy practices in part to isolate themselves from others, the products of their literacy practices symbolized personal thoughts and emotions. This study found that students were more concerned with the process than the product of their literacy practices.
A Longitudinal Model of Post-Adoption Phenomena and Its Empirical Test in the Context of Social Games

It is widely accepted that initial adoption is critical to innovation success. A less recognized argument in the information System (IS) field is that post-adoption use of an innovation is equally important, if not more important than its initial acceptance. Drawing on the popular Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) model (Venkatesh et al. 2003) while adopting the Integrative Framework of Technology Use (IFTU) (Kim and Malhotra, 2005) paradigm, the present study proposes and tests a general modeling approach for one type of modern internet innovations – social games. To this end, we develop testable hypotheses which will be tested in order to support our claims. A research design based on the model is proposed, and theoretical contributions are provided.
Entropy Stable Spectral Collocation Schemes for the Navier-Stokes Equations: Discontinuous Interfaces

Nonlinear entropy stability and a summation-by-parts framework are used to derive provably stable, polynomial-based spectral collocation element methods of arbitrary order for the compressible Navier--Stokes equations. The new methods are similar to strong form, nodal discontinuous Galerkin spectral elements but conserve entropy for the Euler equations and are entropy stable for the Navier--Stokes equations. Shock capturing follows immediately by combining them with a dissipative companion operator via a comparison approach. Smooth and discontinuous test cases are presented that demonstrate their efficacy.
A comparison of factors associated with substance-induced versus independent depressions.

OBJECTIVE This article expands on the results from a 1997 report from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA), using a new phase of the protocol to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of substance-induced and independent major depressive episodes (MDEs) in a population of alcoholics and nonalcoholics. METHOD Data were evaluated from Phase II of the six-center-wide COGA investigation using information gathered beginning in January 1997. Data were generated through face-to-face evaluations using the updated version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA-II) interview, with distinctions between substanceinduced and independent MDEs based on the chronology of development of full depressive syndromes. The analyses focused on the 2,548 men and women who were divided into 351 individuals who had only an independent MDE (Group 1), 238 subjects who experienced only substance-induced MDEs, and 1,959 individuals with no MDE history. RESULTS The two MDE groups were similar in age, marital status, and religion; but those with substance-induced depressions (Group 2) were more likely to be original alcoholic probands, be males, be nonwhite, and have less education. They were also more likely to have alcohol, drug, or antisocial personality diagnoses and to report higher maximum drinks. In addition, only Group 2 subjects reported an elevated family history of alcohol diagnoses compared with the nondepressed Group 3. Subjects with independent MDEs were different from the comparison Group 3 regarding the family histories of independent MDEs. However, symptoms during the worst depressive episode were quite similar across Groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS This study corroborates a high rate of substance-induced MDEs among alcoholics, with these disorders explaining about half of the lifetime depressive episodes. The results also support the validity of the distinction between substance-induced and independent depressions regarding external validators of gender, substance-use patterns, and family histories of independent MDEs.
Perspectives on inclusive education: learning from each other

Many courses of study are currently available that address inclusive education and, increasingly, distance education is seen as a flexible and appropriately inclusive way to deliver sure courses. In this article a tem of colleagues discuss the development of an Open University course, E243 Inclusive Education: Learning from Each Other, which was launched in February 2004. The team reflects on their own process of learning from each other and from the rich network of people involved, mirroring some of the course themes in their own journeys. Collaborative learning became a key theme within the course, both as a method for teaching within the 'inclusive classroom' and also as the process for producing a course in a contested and challenging area. This experience allowed the team to change and develop their own perspectives on important issues and, it is suggested, allowed the course to include ways in which students could be supported in having the same opportunity.
Analysis of the dynamic traveling salesman problem with weight changes

In the dynamic traveling salesman problem (TSP), the vertices and/or weights of the graph that represents the TSP are changed during the optimization process. The dynamic TSP with weight changes is investigated. The effects of the changes on the fitness landscapes of the problem are analyzed. Questions regarding the dynamic TSP, like "how many solutions are affected by a change? " and "how does the severity of the problem influence the optima? ", are discussed. Simulations of the dynamic TSP with weight changes are presented and analyzed. In the simulations, it is possible to observe that the new best solutions after a change are generally not far from the old best solutions. Also, it is possible to observe that there is a threshold for the maximum value of severity of the problem. Beyond this threshold, the changes have the same impact on the fitness landscape.
Negativity Bias or Backlash: Interaction With Civil and Uncivil Online Political News Content

Researchers condemn the effects of news but have only recently turned their attention to determining the extent to which individuals engage with news. Within the context of online uncivil news, the current project investigates whether negativity always increases engagement with news. The results of two experiments demonstrate that civility in the news increased news engagement, especially compared to news with the most incivility. News articles that included multiple types of incivility and news articles that prompted individuals to perceive that an out-group political party was behaving uncivilly discouraged people from engaging with online news. The studies contribute theoretically to negativity bias and incivility research and signal that negativity does not always attract clicks.
Prospective assessment of neurodevelopment in children following a pregnancy complicated by severe pre-eclampsia

Objective To prospectively examine whether children of women with a pregnancy affected by severe pre-eclampsia (PE), compared to children of women without a PE-affected pregnancy, have differences in neurodevelopmental performance up to 5 years of age. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary care centre. Participants Women were recruited following a PE-affected pregnancy. After each PE participant was recruited, the next normotensive woman without a prior history of PE and matched by parity, maternal age and race was invited to participate. Women with a history of chronic hypertension, diabetes or renal disease were excluded. Total enrolment included 129 PE-affected and 140 normotensive mothers. Outcome measures The primary outcome measure was failure of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). The ASQ was completed yearly, until age 5. Results A significant difference was found in the proportion of ASQ categories failed in year 3 (p<0.05), and this approached significance in years 1 and 4 (p<0.10 and p<0.15, respectively). At year 1, the number of ASQ categories failed was significantly greater among children born to PE mothers. A subgroup analysis revealed that a significant proportion of PE children born preterm (<37 weeks) failed the ASQ in years 3 and 4 (p<0.05), and when failed, those who were preterm failed significantly more categories (p<0.05). A trend towards increased failure in the gross motor category was found. There was a significant positive correlation between maternal lifetime CVD risk score and number of ASQ categories failed at years 1 and 3 (p<0.05). Conclusions Severe PE is associated with other adverse pregnancy outcomes, including intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth, all of which are associated with increased neurodevelopment delays. Thus, PE indicates a need for early screening and intervention at the neurodevelopmental level to improve children's long-term health, with larger studies required to tease out contributing factors.
Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de expectativas hacia el consumo de alcohol (AEQ-A) en estudiantes de psicología de Mar del Plata, Argentina

The aim of this article was to analyze the psychometric properties of an adapted version of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire Adolescents (AEQ-A) in university students from Mar del Plata city, Argentina. Expectancies about the effects of alcohol refer to the beliefs that people hold about the consequences of alcohol consumption on behavior. Expectancies have been related to drinking initiation and maintenance, and to habitual drinking patterns. Although several questionnaires have been developed to measure expectancies, the AEQ-A has been one of the most frequently used. Studies in different cultural contexts have shown that, given expectancies’ cultural variability, the questionnaire must be adapted to each particular context. A version of the AEQ-A previously validated in Mar del Plata, Argentina, was used, consisting of 40 items measured on a (true / false) dichotomous scale. The sample consisted of 1076 psychology students from the National University of Mar del Plata, Argentina. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes were performed. The factorial analysis resulted in six factors containing 37 items. Internal consistency of each subscale was adequate. Concurrent validity was satisfactory inasmuch as scores on the subscales about beliefs associated with positive effects of consumption in social situations relate to heavy episodic drinking. Instruments like this one to evaluate expectancies, will allow the study of psychosocial factors associated with consumption and provide useful information to develop prevention strategies.
Hypoglycemia and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes Hospitalized in the General Ward

OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia is associated with adverse outcomes in mixed populations of patients in intensive care units. It is not known whether the same risks exist for diabetic patients who are less severely ill. In this study, we aimed to determine whether hypoglycemic episodes are associated with higher mortality in diabetic patients hospitalized in the general ward. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 4,368 admissions of 2,582 patients with diabetes hospitalized in the general ward of a teaching hospital between January 2003 and August 2004. The associations between the number and severity of hypoglycemic (≤50 mg/dl) episodes and inpatient mortality, length of stay (LOS), and mortality within 1 year after discharge were evaluated. RESULTS Hypoglycemia was observed in 7.7% of admissions. In multivariable analysis, each additional day with hypoglycemia was associated with an increase of 85.3% in the odds of inpatient death (P = 0.009) and 65.8% (P = 0.0003) in the odds of death within 1 year from discharge. The odds of inpatient death also rose threefold for every 10 mg/dl decrease in the lowest blood glucose during hospitalization (P = 0.0058). LOS increased by 2.5 days for each day with hypoglycemia (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Hypoglycemia is common in diabetic patients hospitalized in the general ward. Patients with hypoglycemia have increased LOS and higher mortality both during and after admission. Measures should be undertaken to decrease the frequency of hypoglycemia in this high-risk patient population.
Online Review Helpfulness: Role of Qualitative Factors

Consumers are increasingly reading online reviews before making any purchasing decisions. The significance of online reviews has only grown over the years. Though in the past, scholars have emphasized the impact of quantitative factors (e.g., review ratings) on online reviews, only recently have they begun to explore the role of qualitative aspects of online reviews. Content readability and associated sentiments in text provide two important qualitative cues that influence the helpfulness of online reviews. However, the extant literature has overemphasized the linear association between these aspects and the helpfulness of reviews. Using the elaboration likelihood model and the classic ideal point concept, the current work asserts that after an ideal point is attained, lucid and sentimental reviews diminish in utility (i.e., helpfulness of an online review for consumers decreases). This may happen because consumers are wary of fraudulent reviews. This study proposes that if experienced reviewers give such extreme reviews, then consumers might still draw utility from these reviews. In other words, this study explains the moderating role of reviewer experience, which heuristically influences consumers’ trust of online reviews, thus making even too simplistic or extremely sentimental reviews helpful.