Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential trafficking of Src, Lyn, Yes and Fyn is specified by the state of palmitoylation in the SH4 domain

Src-family tyrosine kinases (SFKs), which participate in a variety of signal transduction events, are known to localize to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane through lipid modification. Recently, we showed that Lyn, an SFK member, is exocytosed to the plasma membrane via the Golgi region along the secretory pathway. We show here that SFK trafficking is specified by the palmitoylation state. Yes is also a monopalmitoylated SFK and is biosynthetically transported from the Golgi pool of caveolin to the plasma membrane. This pathway can be inhibited in the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to-cell surface delivery by temperature block at 19°C or dominant-negative Rab11 GTPase. A large fraction of Fyn, a dually palmitoylated SFK, is directly targeted to the plasma membrane irrespective of temperature block of TGN exit. Fyn(C6S), which lacks the second palmitoylation site, is able to traffic in the same way as Lyn and Yes. Moreover, construction of Yes(S6C) and chimeric Lyn or Yes with the Fyn N-terminus further substantiates the importance of the dual palmitoylation site for plasma membrane targeting. Taken together with our recent finding that Src, a nonpalmitoylated SFK, is rapidly exchanged between the plasma membrane and late endosomes/lysosomes, these results suggest that SFK trafficking is specified by the palmitoylation state in the SH4 domain.
Microneurographic research in women

This article reviews microneurographic research on sympathetic neural control in women under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions across the lifespan. Specifically, the effects of sex, age, race, the menstrual cycle, oral contraceptives, estrogen replacement therapy, and normal pregnancy on neural control of blood pressure in healthy women are reviewed. In addition, sympathetic neural activity during neurally mediated (pre)syncope, the Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), obesity, the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia, chronic essential hypertension, heart failure, and myocardial infarction in women are also reviewed briefly. It is suggested that microneurographic studies provide valuable information regarding autonomic circulatory control in women of different ages and in most cases, excessive sympathetic activation is associated with specific medical conditions regardless of age and sex. In some situations, sympathetic inhibition or withdrawal may be the underlying mechanism. Information gained from previous and recent microneurographic studies has significant clinical implications in women's health, and in some cases could be used to guide therapy if more widely available.
Anti-myelin basic protein T cells protect hippocampal neurons against trimethyltin-induced damage

We investigated the influence of administration of autoimmune T cells on trimethyltin-induced degeneration of hippocampal neurons. Female Lewis rats received 8 mg/kg trimethyltin intraperitoneally alone, or followed 24 h later by a second intravenous injection of anti-myelin basic protein T cells (green fluorescent protein-tagged). Neurodegeneration was assessed by NeuN and Nissl cell counts 21 days after trimethyltin injection. We found that neurodegeneration in the CA4 region of the hippocampus was significantly reduced in the group receiving T cells. T cells also caused an augmentation of trimethyltin-induced hippocampal astrocytic activation and astrocytic TrkA expression, which was particularly intense in the CA4 region. Our study provides the first evidence of neuroprotection evoked by transferred T cells following a neurotoxic brain insult. The data suggest that mediation of the neuroprotective effects of T-cell-released nerve growth factor occurs mainly via hippocampal astroglial TrkA receptors.
The effect of osmolality and carbohydrate content on the rate of gastric emptying of liquids in man.

1. The effect of osmolality and carbohydrate content on the rate of gastric emptying was assessed by using the double sampling gastric aspiration technique to measure the rate of gastric emptying of isoenergetic and isosmotic solutions of glucose and glucose polymer. Six healthy male subjects were each studied on four separate occasions using a test drink volume of 600 ml. 2. The half‐emptying time (t1/2, mean +/‐ S.E.M.) for a dilute (40 g l‐1) solution of glucose (LG, 230 mosmol kg‐1) was 17 +/‐ 1 min. This was greater than that (14 +/‐ 1 min) for a glucose polymer solution with the same energy content (LP, 42 mosmol kg‐1). A concentrated (188 g l‐1) glucose polymer solution (HP, 237 mosmol kg‐1) emptied faster (t1/2 = 64 +/‐ 8 min) than the corresponding isoenergetic glucose solution (HG, 1300 mosmol kg‐1, t1/2 = 130 +/‐ 18 min). 3. The dilute (40 g l‐1) glucose solution emptied faster than the concentrated (188 g l‐1) glucose polymer solution with the same osmolality (LG, 230 mosmol kg‐1; HP, 237 mosmol kg‐1). 4. The two dilute solutions (40 g l‐1) delivered a similar amount of carbohydrate to the small intestine, whereas the concentrated (188 g l‐1) glucose polymer solution delivered a greater amount of carbohydrate at 20, 40 and 50 min than the isoenergetic glucose solution. 5. These results indicate that both osmolality and carbohydrate content influence gastric emptying of liquids in man, but the carbohydrate content appears to have greater influence than osmolality. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A per-class QoS service model in IEEE 802.11e WLANs

In this paper, we study the provision of per-class QoS for IEEE 802.11e enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) WLANs. We propose two mechanisms, called BIWF-SP and IDFQ-SP, based on backoff interval (BI) and inter-frame space (IFS), respectively. In our mechanisms, both strict priority and proportional fair service are supported. We describe the operations of the proposed mechanisms in details, and compare their performance with the original EDCA mechanism via simulations. The results show that both BIWF-SP and IDFQ-SP outperform the original EDCA in terms of the support for both strict priority and weighted fair service. Compared to IDFQ-SP, BIWF-SP is easier to be implemented in real systems; compared to BIWF-SP, IDFQ-SP has better aggregate throughput and is more stable. More importantly, both mechanisms conform to the IEEE 802.11e EDCA standard, rendering both good candidates to provide per-class QoS service for IEEE 802.11 WLANs
MODELING a transistor converter-fed permanent magnet poly-phase machine and a variable-frequency drive controller under non-sinusoidal back-EMF conditions

The paper presents a model of a poly-phase permanent magnet motor of the marine propulsion drive energized by multistage VSI. The model defines more precisely the non-sinusoidal waveform of back-EMF and its impact on the current distortion and electromagnetic torque ripples. The paper concludes by analyzing simulation results that have shown significant suppression of high order current harmonics and corresponding decrease in torque ripples due to the proposed control algorithm realized in a phase reference frame.
Solar Rotation Rate and Its Gradients During Cycle 23

Available helioseismic data now span almost the entire solar activity cycle 23, making it possible to study solar-cycle-related changes of the solar rotation rate in detail. In this paper we study how the solar rotation rate, in particular, the zonal flows, change with time. In addition to the zonal flows that show a well-known pattern in the solar convection zone, we also study changes in the radial and latitudinal gradients of the rotation rate, particularly in the shear layer that is present in the immediate subsurface layers of the Sun. In the case of the zonal flow pattern, we find that the band indicating fast rotating region close to the equator seems to have bifurcated around 2005. Our investigation of the rotation rate gradients shows that the relative variation in the rotation rate gradients is about 20% or more of their average values, which is much larger than the relative variation in the rotation rate itself. These results can be used to test predictions of various solar dynamo models.
Guidelines for Ethical Use of Manual Restraint in Public School Settings for Behaviorally Disordered Students

Practitioners have at their disposal many empirically validated strategies for managing aggressive behavior. In addition, the legal and ethical implications of these techniques have received considerable professional attention. An exception to this is the use of manual restraint. Data suggest the use of this procedure is common in public school settings; however, a comprehensive discussion of its legal and ethical implications has yet to emerge. The purpose of this paper is to review the advantages and disadvantages associated with manual restraint and to present procedural and ethical guidelines governing its use in the public schools.
Partial Shading of PV System Simulation with Experimental Results

In a solar photovoltaic array, it is possible that shadow may fall over some of its cells. Under partial shading conditions the PV characteristic gets more complex with multiple peaks. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, by analyzing different shading situations, the effects that partial shading can cause in a PV array. First this is done by simulation using Matlab/Simulink, then the impact of shading is illustrated experimentally by measurements on a two commercial 140 W PV panels series connected.
Knowledge, learning, and innovation: research and perspectives

Purpose – This introduction paper to the special issue on “The twenty‐first century knowledge‐based value drivers of innovation and sustainable development” aims to focus on such relationships between knowledge, learning, capabilities, innovation and competitive advantage in different forms of organization: businesses, clusters and regions. The purpose is to point out the conceptual pillars and contribute to the ongoing debate on: how knowledge assets impact organizational performance, what are the characteristics of such value‐generating processes, what factors affect the process of building organizational capabilities and distinctive competences, and how organizations translate specific capabilities into sustainable competitive advantages.Design/methodology/approach – The article is based on a thorough analysis of the management literature addressing the nature, role and relevance of knowledge, organizational capabilities, learning and knowledge management for organization competitiveness. The conceptua.
The Clinical Course and Outcomes of Post-Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus after Heart Transplantation

The aim of this study was to describe in more detail the predisposition, natural course, and clinical impact of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) after heart transplantation (HT). The characteristics and clinical outcomes of 54 patients with PTDM were compared with those of 140 patients without PTDM. The mean age of PTDM patients was significantly higher than controls (48.9 ± 9.3 vs 38.6 ± 13.3 yr, respectively, P = 0.001), and ischemic heart disease was a more common indication of HT (20.4% [11/54] vs 7.1% [10/140], respectively, P = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, only recipient age (odds ratio, 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.35-2.40; P = 0.001) was associated with PTDM development. In 18 patients (33%), PTDM was reversed during the follow-up period, and the reversal of PTDM was critically dependent on the time taken to develop PTDM (1.9 ± 1.0 months in the reversed group vs 14.5 ± 25.3 months in the maintained group, P = 0.005). The 5-yr incidence of late infection (after 6 months) was higher in the PTDM group than in the control group (30.4% ± 7.1% vs 15.4% ± 3.3%, respectively, P = 0.031). However, the 5-yr overall survival rate was not different (92.9% ± 4.1% vs 85.8% ± 3.2%, respectively, P = 0.220). In conclusion, PTDM after HT is reversible in one-third of patients and is not a critical factor in patient survival after HT.
The inverse BAR domain protein IBARa drives membrane remodeling to control osmoregulation, phagocytosis and cytokinesis

ABSTRACT Here, we analyzed the single inverse Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (I-BAR) family member IBARa from Dictyostelium discoideum. The X-ray structure of the N-terminal I-BAR domain solved at 2.2 Å resolution revealed an all-&agr;-helical structure that self-associates into a 165-Å zeppelin-shaped antiparallel dimer. The structural data are consistent with its shape in solution obtained by small-angle X-ray scattering. Cosedimentation, fluorescence anisotropy, and fluorescence and electron microscopy revealed that the I-BAR domain bound preferentially to phosphoinositide-containing vesicles and drove the formation of negatively curved tubules. Immunofluorescence labeling further showed accumulation of endogenous IBARa at the tips of filopodia, the rim of constricting phagocytic cups, in foci connecting dividing cells during the final stage of cytokinesis and most prominently at the osmoregulatory contractile vacuole (CV). Consistently, IBARa-null mutants displayed defects in CV formation and discharge, growth, phagocytosis and mitotic cell division, whereas filopodia formation was not compromised. Of note, IBARa-null mutants were also strongly impaired in cell spreading. Taken together, these data suggest that IBARa constitutes an important regulator of numerous cellular processes intimately linked with the dynamic rearrangement of cellular membranes.
The Monitor project: rotation of low‐mass stars in NGC 2362 – testing the disc regulation paradigm at 5 Myr

We report on the results of a time-series photometric survey of NGC 2362, carried out using the CTIO 4-m Blanco telescope and Mosaic-II detector as part of the Monitor project. Rotation periods were derived for 271 candidate cluster members over the mass range 0.1 <~ M/Msolar <~ 1.2. The rotation period distributions show a clear mass-dependent morphology, qualitatively similar to that in NGC 2264, as would be expected from the age of this cluster. Using models of angular momentum evolution, we show that angular momentum losses over the ~1-5Myr age range appear to be needed in order to reproduce the evolution of the slowest rotators in the sample from the ONC to NGC 2362, as found by many previous studies. By incorporating Spitzer IRAC mid-infrared (mid-IR) measurements, we found that three to four objects showing mid-IR excesses indicative of the presence of circumstellar discs were all slow rotators, as would be expected in the disc regulation paradigm for early pre-main-sequence angular momentum evolution, but this result is not statistically significant at present, given the extremely limited sample size.
Factors Associated with the use of Personal Internet Banking in Thailand

Based on a review of previous studies, important variables associated with the use of personal Internet Banking services are identified in this paper. Using data collected through a questionnaire, statistically significant associations among these variables are determined. The findings of the study confirm significant associations reported in previous studies and identify significant associations among an individual's work position; personal characteristics of users; the influence of peers on users; the importance of trust; and the emphasis placed by users on personal relationships with banks. Conclusions are drawn which are of practical use for those responsible for the development of personal Internet Banking services.
The role of BCL6 in lymphomas and routes to therapy

BCL6 is a transcription factor that has essential B‐cell and T‐cell roles in normal antibody responses. It is involved in chromosomal translocations in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DBCL; including primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma) and nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, and is expressed in follicular lymphoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. The neoplastic T‐cells of angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma also express BCL6. BCL6 prevents terminal B‐cell differentiation largely through repression of PRDM1. In the “cell of origin” classification of DLBCL BCL6 is associated with the germinal centre subtype, which carries a good response to modern treatments. More recently, specific BCL6 antagonists, including small molecule inhibitors, have been developed. These antagonists have demonstrated that DLBCL cells, in which BCL6 is transcriptionally active, are dependent on this gene for survival. BCL6 antagonists are active against primary DLBCL and may find future application in the treatment of lymphomas.
The Impact of Avatar Fidelity on Social Interaction in Virtual Environments

The research presented in this thesis concerns the contribution of different levels of virtual human (or ‘avatar’) fidelity to social interaction in virtual environments (VEs). VEs present new possibilities for mediated communication by placing people in a shared 3D context. However, there are technical constraints in creating photorealistic and behaviourally realistic avatars capable of mimicking a person’s actions or intentions in real time. At the same time, previous research findings indicate that virtual humans can elicit social responses even with minimal cues, suggesting that full realism may not be essential for effective social interaction. This research explores the lower boundaries of fidelity by investigating how different levels of responsiveness, photorealism and behavioural realism affect people’s experience of interacting with virtual humans. The research presented comprises three between-group experiments involving over 200 participants. The experiments focus on distinct but interrelated questions. In the first experiment, conducted in an immersive Cave-like system, participants explored a library containing a group of seated virtual readers. The aim was to investigate the degree to which the virtual humans were responded to as social entities as their responsiveness increased across the conditions. Results indicated that responsiveness significantly affected a range of responses, including the degree of sentience attributed to the agents. The findings signalled the need to further define the different social responses affected by virtual humans. Participants’ heart rate and electrodermal activity were also recorded to explore the possibility of employing objective measures to study responses to virtual humans. The remaining two experiments focused on behavioural realism and photorealism in the context of mediated communication between pairs of human participants. In the second experiment, participants interacted via a video-tunnel that provided them with a head-and-shoulders view of an avatar representing their conversation partner. Analysis of questionnaire responses indicated that the avatar whose gaze behaviour was inferred from conversational turntaking significantly outperformed the visually identical, but behaviourally less realistic, random-gaze avatar. An in-depth qualitative analysis of the interview responses yielded a theoretical model of the possible effects of avatar appearance and behaviour on perceptions of the communication
Mood as a product of leisure: causes and consequences.

This paper demonstrates, through a review of the literature, that mood is a significant, prevalent and relevant product of leisure activities. Mood is shown to be an integral part of many leisure theories and a likely product of leisure experiences. Many factors which influence mood are under the control of recreation management. The relevance of mood is demonstrated by describing some of its impacts on memory, task performance, helping behavior, socialization, self-concept, and health. Potentially the most significant impact of leisure induced mood is its influence on the behaviors and cognitions of persons long after they leave the leisure setting.
Arithmetic circuits for analog digits

The Overlap Resolution Number System (ORNS) employs bit level analog residue arithmetic, and opens up a powerful approach to digital computing. This new redundant representation of signals, with Continuous Valued Digits, presents new methods for binary arithmetic and digital signal processing. The number system is based on analog residue digits, as opposed to binary or multiple-valued digit levels. Importantly, arithmetic in ORNS is tolerant to VLSI circuit tolerances. This allows simple elementary analog circuits to be employed, targeting digital accuracy.
INTER-NOISE 2007 28-31 AUGUST 2007 ISTANBUL , TURKEY Psychoacoustics , sound quality and music

In this keynote, relations between psychoacoustics, sound quality, and music are discussed. In the domain of psychoacoustics, a Dynamic Loudness Model (DLM) is presented which can simulate loudness perception of sounds with strong temporal structure for both normal hearing persons and persons with (slight) hearing deficits. Recent results on the hearing sensation pitch strength will be presented and discussed in view of applications both in sound quality design and music. Sound quality is assessed on the one hand for products where it is a genuine feature like musical instruments, and on the other hand where it is just a by-product like Diesel engines or closing car doors. It is shown that the psychoacoustic magnitudes loudness and sharpness can account for largely different aspects like the annoyance of snoring sounds on the one hand and the sound quality of grand pianos on the other hand. The concept of psychoacoustic annoyance based on noise evaluation is contrasted with the concept of sensory pleasantness, anchored in musical acoustics. For questions of sound quality design, an approach incorporating elements of decision tree studies is proposed. The strong ties between psychoacoustics, sound quality and music have been advocated already about 150 years ago by Helmholtz. He postulated that musical consonance is governed by the absence of roughness. These days, roughness is one of the major ingredients for sound quality design. Also, musical dynamics from ppp to fff is reflected in modern category scaling procedures used in psychoacoustics as well as sound quality rating. Moreover, A-weighted level can be misleading with respect to loudness perception for both musical and technical sounds. Therefore, a loudness-thermometer is contrasted with a level-thermometer, including possible cognitive effects of recognizing the sound source.
Trellis: a platform for building flexible, fast virtual networks on commodity hardware

We describe Trellis, a platform for hosting virtual networks on shared commodity hardware. Trellis allows each virtual network to define its own topology, control protocols, and forwarding tables, while amortizing costs by sharing the physical infrastructure. Trellis synthesizes two container-based virtualization technologies, VServer and NetNS, as well as a new tunneling mechanism, EGRE, into a coherent platform that enables high-speed virtual networks. We describe the design and implementation of Trellis and evaluate its packet-forwarding rates relative to other virtualization technologies and native kernel forwarding performance.