Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the role of social networks in mapping knowledge flows: A case of a pharmaceutical company in India

Knowledge Management literature lays emphasis on the fact that a major chunk of knowledge dissemination occurs through the various forms of social networks that exist within the organizations. A social network is a simple structure comprising of set of actors or nodes that may have relationships ties with one another. The social network analysis (SNA) will help in mapping and measuring formal and informal relationships to understand what facilitates or impedes the knowledge flows that bind interacting units. This paper aims at studying the knowledge flows that happen through the social networks. It first, provides a conceptual framework and review of literature on the recent research and application of knowledge mapping and SNA, followed by a discussion on application of SNA for mapping knowledge flows in a pharmaceutical firm. In the last part, Knowledge maps are presented to illustrate the actual knowledge flow in firm. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel. 2014.06. 004
A Novel Pipeline Approach for Efficient Big Data Broadcasting

Big-data computing is a new critical challenge for the ICT industry. Engineers and researchers are dealing with data sets of petabyte scale in the cloud computing paradigm. Thus, the demand for building a service stack to distribute, manage, and process massive data sets has risen drastically. In this paper, we investigate the Big Data Broadcasting problem for a single source node to broadcast a big chunk of data to a set of nodes with the objective of minimizing the maximum completion time. These nodes may locate in the same datacenter or across geo-distributed datacenters. This problem is one of the fundamental problems in distributed computing and is known to be NP-hard in heterogeneous environments. We model the Big-data broadcasting problem into a LockStep Broadcast Tree (LSBT) problem. The main idea of the LSBT model is to define a basic unit of upload bandwidth, r, such that a node with capacity c broadcasts data to a set of [c/r] children at the rater. Note that r is a parameter to be optimized as part of the LSBT problem. We further divide the broadcast data into m chunks. These data chunks can then be broadcast down the LSBT in a pipeline manner. In a homogeneous network environment in which each node has the same upload capacity c, we show that the optimal uplink rate r* of LSBT is either c/2 or c/3, whichever gives the smaller maximum completion time. For heterogeneous environments, we present an O(nlog2n) algorithm to select an optimal uplink rater* and to construct an optimal LSBT. Numerical results show that our approach performs well with less maximum completion time and lower computational complexity than other efficient solutions in literature.
Separation of zero/constant modulus signals

Zero/constant modulus (ZCM) signals are complex signals for which every sample is either zero or has modulus 1. Such signals arise after imprecise carrier-to-baseband conversion of binary {0,1}-modulated signals, or with intermittent phase-modulated signals. We consider the separation of linear superpositions of such signals using analytic techniques. An application is the separation of multiple partly coinciding aircraft transponder signals (secondary surveillance radar reply signals).
Pulmonary function and symptoms in herbal tea workers.

INTERNATIONAl. CONFERENCE ON BYSSINOSIS 81S study may have been due to the differences in dust concentrations for the different cottons. An accurate adjustment for these differences cannot be made because only two closely spaced points on the doseresponse curve for standard cotton dust were obtained, and it may not be accurate to assume a similar slope for the dose-response to closed boll cotton dust even if the slope for standard cotton dust were known precisely. However, using a simple extrapolation based on the observed dose-response slope for standard cotton dust, response to SCBI and LCBR cotton dusts remained significantly lower than the response to standard cotton dust. The same adjustment applied to the response to rayon, results in a larger decline in FEy, than observed with standard cotton exposure. Whether bract removal is important in reducing the biologic activity of closed boll cotton cannot be determined from this study. Likewise, although the correlation of endotoxin content and pulmonary function response was not significant, the inhaled dose of endotoxin may not be accurately reflected in measurements on random bulk samples. Analysis of airborne endotoxin from this and future studies may allow more definite conclusions to be made. Finally, whether the acute pulmonary function response to a six-hour exposure in nonbyssinotic subjects is a valid predictor of the potential of a given type of cotton dust to produce byssinosis or permanent pulmonary impairment after long-term exposure can only be determined from carefully controlled prospective studies. However, short-term exposure studies seem to be useful and safe in rapidly estimating the relative effectiveness of various experimental treatments in decreasing the biologic activity of cotton dust.
Sickle cell disease as a cause of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is an important complication of sickle cell disease. We studied 2590 patients who were over 5 years of age at entry and followed them for an average of 5.6 years. Patients were examined twice a year, and radiographs of the hips were taken at least twice: at study entry and approximately three years later. RESULTS At study entry, 9.8 percent of patients were found to have osteonecrosis of one or both femoral heads. On follow-up, patients with the hemoglobin SS genotype and alpha-thalassemia were at the greatest risk for osteonecrosis (age-adjusted incidence rate, 4.5 cases per 100 patient-years, as compared with 2.4 in patients with the hemoglobin SS genotype without alpha-thalassemia and 1.9 in those with the hemoglobin SC genotype). Although the rate of osteonecrosis in patients with the hemoglobin SC genotype did not differ significantly from that in patients with the hemoglobin SS genotype without alpha-thalassemia, osteonecrosis tended to develop in these patients later in life. Intermediate rates of osteonecrosis were observed among patients with the hemoglobin S-beta zero-thalassemia and the hemoglobin S-beta(+)-thalassemia genotypes (3.6 and 3.3 cases per 100 patient-years, respectively). Osteonecrosis was found in patients as young as five years old (1.8 cases per 100 patient-years for all genotypes). The frequency of painful crises and the hematocrit were positively associated with osteonecrosis. The mean corpuscular volume and serum aspartate aminotransferase level were negatively associated. Twenty-seven patients had hip arthroplasty during the study; 10 were under 25 years of age. Five of the 27 required reoperation 11 to 53 months after the initial operation. CONCLUSIONS Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is common in patients with sickle cell disease, with an incidence ranging from about 2 to 4.5 cases per 100 patient-years. Patients with the hemoglobin SS genotype and alpha-thalassemia and those with frequent painful crises are at highest risk. The overall prevalence is about 10 percent. The results of hip arthroplasty are poor.
Neuropsychology for Occupational Therapists: Cognition in Occupational Performance

PART 1 Cognition and the Occupational Therapy Process. Chapter 1. Occupation and Cognitive Rehabilitation. Chapter 2. Identifying and assessing cognitive impairments. Chapter 3. Intervention for cognitive impairments. PART 2 Components and disorders of cognition. Chapter 4. Cognition, methods and processes. Chapter 5. Visual perception, recognition and agnosia. Chapter 6. Spatial abilities, construction, body scheme and finding the way. Chapter 7. Attention and unilateral neglect. Chapter 8. Memory and amnesia. Chapter 9. Purposeful movement and apraxia. Chapter 10. Executive functions.
Delicate Dances: Public Policy and the Nonprofit Sector

The authors look at the relationships in different provincial settings, focusing on Ontario, Quebec, and Saskatchewan, examining the defining influence of government welfare programs on the lives of two local religious orders in Atlantic Canada. The authors argue that both the public and the nonprofit sectors are changing. In the public sector, the traditional dominance of central governments has given way to a governance system that interweaves action at the global, national, regional and local levels. In the nonprofit sector, groups are assuming new organizational forms and engaging in public policy more centrally, both as advocates and service providers. Not surprisingly, relations between these two sectors involve a complex series of delicate dances, in which missteps by either partner can produce tangled confusion. It includes contributors such as: Donald Abelson (University of Western Ontario), Kathy Brock (Queens University), Ian Brodie (University of Western Ontario), Ann Capling (Melbourne University), Miriam Lapp (University of Western Ontario), Georges leBel (UQAM), Heidi Macdonald (University of Lethbridge), David Malloy (University of Regina), Kim Nossal (Queens University), Susan Phillips (Carleton University), Ken Rasmussen (University of Regina), Paul Pross (Dalhousie University), Peter Smith (Athabaska University), Elizabeth Smythe (Concordia University College of Alberta), Kernaghan Webb (Carleton University), and Mary Wiktorowicz (York University).
Altered fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) expression and function in human and animal models of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer‐related mortality. Risk factors for developing HCC include viral hepatitis, alcohol and obesity. Fatty acid‐binding proteins (FABPs) bind long‐chain free fatty acids (FFAs) and are expressed in a tissue‐specific pattern; FABP1 being the predominant hepatic form, and FABP4 the predominant adipocyte form. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression and function of FABPs1‐9 in human and animal models of obesity‐related HCC.
Collaborative field study on the utility of a BDD factor VIII concentrate standard in the estimation of BDDr Factor VIII:C activity in hemophilic plasma using one‐stage clotting assays

Summary. Advances in production technologies of factor (F)VIII concentrates during the last two decades has resulted in very pure and safe products. In assessment of recombinant FVIII:C, inconsistent assay values are found comparing one‐stage assays with two‐stage (e.g. amidolytic) methods. Such discrepancies have been quite prominent in the case of a B‐domain deleted recombinant FVIII (BDDrFVIII, ReFacto®). In order to alleviate this assay variance, a product‐specific reference standard [the ReFacto Laboratory Standard™ (RLS)], was established for laboratory use with either one‐stage clotting or chromogenic substrate assays for the measurement of FVIII:C in ReFacto‐containing patient samples. The primary objective of the current study was to assess, under field laboratory conditions, the accuracy and precision of the one‐stage clotting assay for the determination of FVIII:C in ReFacto‐containing samples employing the new concentrate standard. A secondary goal was to assess whether use of the RLS would minimize the discrepancy between one‐stage clotting and chromogenic substrate assays. Thirty‐one clinical laboratories worldwide participated in the study of severe‐hemophilic plasma (SHP) samples that had been spiked with ReFacto to target levels of 0.9, 0.6 and 0.2 IU mL−1. FVIII:C levels were determined against both the RLS and the local in‐house plasma standard (IHS). The results showed good agreement between laboratories in FVIII:C levels obtained by one‐stage clotting assays utilizing the RLS, and a good degree of accuracy was found compared with the intended target values. Consistent with previously published data, a discrepancy of approximately 30% was observed between one‐stage clotting and chromogenic potencies when the IHS was used as the calibrator. The discrepancy between one‐stage and chromogenic assay methodologies was significantly reduced when the RLS was employed as calibrator in the one‐stage assay. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that accurate and precise FVIII:C results can be obtained for ReFacto‐containing SHP samples by clinical laboratories using a product‐specific standard in one‐stage clotting assays. In addition, the product‐specific reference standard significantly reduced the discrepancy between the one‐stage clotting and the chromogenic substrate assay for ReFacto.
Peridural Anesthesia or Ultrasound-Guided Continuous 3-in-1 Block

Purpose: The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical relevance of preoperative acute pain management and cardiovascular stability by ultrasound-guided continuous 3-in-1 nerve block in very elderly patients with hip fracture when compared to epidural anesthesia (PDA). Methods: To study the analgesic effect, we enrolled 37 very elderly patients with hip fractures, of whom 3 patients with dementia had to be excluded. Thus, 34 patients were randomized to 1 of the 3 groups: group A (ultrasound-guided continuous 3-in-1 block, bupivacaine; n = 10, dropout rate: 0), group B (PDA, bupivacaine; n = 14, dropout rate: 8), and group C (systemic pain therapy, piritramide/paracetamol; n = 10, dropout rate: 0). Pain intensity was assessed preoperatively and up to 24 hours postoperatively using a visual analog scale, verbal rating scale, analgesic consumption, scale of well-being, and cardiocirculatory parameters (eg, serum troponin T). Results: Our data show that in the preoperative period both regional anesthesia (RA) procedures (analgesia responders after 1 hour: 86.7% and 100%; P = .001) were superior to systemic analgesia (analgesia responders: 46.7%), and the rescue medication requirement in the 2 RA groups was significantly lower (P = .02). Serum troponin T level increased only in the systemic analgesia group (P = .04). In the emergency department, the disadvantage of PDA in geriatric patients with hip fracture was the fact that procedures were more complex, resulting in a high dropout rate (57.1%). The use of PDA has to be critically discussed for ethical concerns. Conclusion: In the specific situation of acute hospital admission, the ultrasound-guided continuous 3-in-1 block appears to be indicated as a stress-free means of providing adequate preoperative pain relief in very elderly patients with hip fracture. However, these findings should be corroborated by studies involving larger numbers of patients.
Evaluation of Live Recombinant Nonpathogenic Leishmania tarentolae Expressing Cysteine Proteinase and A2 Genes as a Candidate Vaccine against Experimental Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a major veterinary and public health problem caused by Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) in many endemic countries. It is a severe chronic disease with generalized parasite spread to the reticuloendothelial system, such as spleen, liver and bone marrow and is often fatal when left untreated. Control of VL in dogs would dramatically decrease infection pressure of L. infantum for humans, since dogs are the main domestic reservoir. In the past decade, various subunits and DNA antigens have been identified as potential vaccine candidates in experimental animal models, but none has been approved for human use so far. In this study, we vaccinated outbreed dogs with a prime-boost regimen based on recombinant L. tarentolae expressing the L. donovani A2 antigen along with cysteine proteinase genes (CPA and CPB without its unusual C-terminal extension (CPB-CTE) and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective immunity against L. infantum infectious challenge. We showed that vaccinated animals produced significantly higher levels of IgG2, but not IgG1, and also IFN-γ and TNF-α, but low IL-10 levels, before and after challenge as compared to control animals. Protection in dogs was also correlated with a strong DTH response and low parasite burden in the vaccinated group. Altogether, immunization with recombinant L. tarentolae A2-CPA-CPB-CTE was proven to be immunogenic and induced partial protection in dogs, hence representing a promising live vaccine candidate against CVL.
On the Search for the Neural Correlate of Consciousness

This is a constructive analysis of the search for the "neural correlate of consciousness" (or the NCC, as it's sometimes called). I argue that because we don't have any way of detecting consciousness directly (i.e., we have no "consciousness meter"), the search is driven by pre-empirical bridging principles instead. I discuss some of these principles and draw some conclusions about the shape of the search. This paper is largely a transcript of my talk at the 1996 Tucson conference on consciousness, although some fun and games have been omitted.
Using FCA-based Change Impact Analysis for Regression Testing

Software regression testing is one of the most practical means to ensure software quality during software evolution. Test case selection and prioritization are two effective techniques to maximize the value of the increasing test cases, and usually studied independently. In this paper, we integrate these two techniques together, and finish them based on the impact results predicted by the change impact analysis (CIA) technique. First, we use formal concept analysis (FCA) to predict a ranked list of impacted methods from a set of changed classes. Then, test cases which cover these impacted methods are included in the new test suite. As each method predicted by the CIA is assigned with an impact factor (IF ) value corresponding to the probability of this method to be impacted, test cases are ordered according to the IF values of the individual methods. Initial empirical study demonstrates the effectiveness of our regression testing approach.
Integrating Planning and Reacting Architecture for Controlling

This paper presents a heterogeneous, asynchronous architecture for controlling autonomous mobile robots which is capable of controlling a robot performing multiple tasks in real time in noisy, unpredictable environments. The architecture produces behavior which is reliable, task-directed (and taskable), and reactive to contingencies. Experiments on real and simulated realworld robots are described. The architecture smoothly integrates planning and reacting by performing these two functions asynchronously using heterogeneous architectural elements, and using the results of planning to guide the robot’s actions but not to control them directly. The architecture can thus be viewed as a concrete implementation of Agre and Chapman’s plans-ascommunications theory. The central result of this work is to show that completely unmodified classical AI programming methodologies using centralized world models can be usefully incorporated into real-world embedded reactive systems.
Evaluation of airway equipment: man or manikin?

of side-effects, having taken into account that the action of rocuronium is markedly prolonged in elderly patients with renal failure [2]. Sugammadex has effectively reversed moderate rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients with renal failure [3]. If re-intubation is required after reversal of neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex, re-onset of block following rocuronium administration may be delayed but can be successfully re-introduced within 5 min after sugammadex administration [4]. We wanted to emphasise in our letter that reversal of neuromuscular block with sugammadex might cause prolonged impairment of the action of steroidal neuromuscular blocking drugs in concurrent surgical procedures, especially in the presence of renal insufficiency. Administration of sugammadex needs to be well documented and information should be transferred personally from one anaesthetic team to the next to prevent unexpected failure of neuromuscular blockade. Furthermore, in the absence of renal function, the fate of the rocuronium-sugammadex complex is still unclear and needs to be clarified in further studies.
Adjuvant chemotherapy for colon carcinoma with positive lymph nodes: use and benefit in routine health care practice

In 1990, an international consensus was reached on the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for lymph node positive (stage III) colon carcinoma (CC). This study evaluates the use and benefit of such therapy in routine health care practice. The study includes all patients with stage III CC treated by putative curative surgery (n= 182) recorded at the Geneva cancer registry between 1990 and 1996. Factors modifying chemotherapy use were determined by logistic regression, considering patients with chemotherapy as cases (n= 55) and others as controls (n= 127). The effect of chemotherapy on the 5-year survival was evaluated by the Cox model. Analyses were adjusted for possible confounders. The use of chemotherapy increased over the period (Ptrend < 0.001). Age strongly modulated chemotherapy use. In 1996, 54% of eligible patients received chemotherapy, this proportion fell to 13% after age 70. Decisions to use chemotherapy significantly depended on stage, grade and cancer site. The chance to be treated was non-significantly lower among individuals of low social class, widowed and foreigners. Chemotherapy significantly decreased mortality rates (Hazard ratio: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.18–0.68), independently of the prognostic factors and with similar benefit regardless of stage and age group. Strong beneficial effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on stage III CC can be achieved in routine practice. However, this study shows that it is probably not optimally utilised in Switzerland, particularly among the elderly. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign www.bjcancer. com
Expression pattern of cathepsin W isoforms in peripheral blood and gastroesophageal mucosa of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Abstract Cathepsin W is exclusively expressed in immune cells, and a novel isoform was identified previously. To characterize the expression pattern of the wildtype and isoform Ins10, specific polymerase chain reaction assays were generated and used to study respective transcript levels in peripheral blood cells and gastric biopsies in healthy subjects. The wildtype-encoding transcript levels were 3- and 9-fold higher in mucosal samples and peripheral immune cells, respectively (p<0.05). The predominant expression of wildtype form by infiltrating immune cells was confirmed in 116 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and 27 reflux-negative individuals demonstrating that cathepsin W expression is not altered in this disease.