Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENERAL PRACTITIONERS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS: A SURVEY OF JAIPUR CITY

A survey of 40 randomly selected general practitioners was carried out to find out their attitudes towards psychiatric disorders and psychiatric patients by administering a specially designed proforma which recorded sociodemographic characteristics as well as attitudes. Majority of GPs were of the opinion that psychiatric disorders are inherited, can occur in any normal person living under stress, are treatable. They had positive attitude towards psychiatric illness but showed more social distance with mentally ill-person. Results are discussed and their implications are highlighted.
Toward Automatic Analysis of Financial Reports: Readability of Quarterly Reports and Companies' Financial Performance

Reading manually annual and quarterly reports helps financial analysts and decision makers to judge companies’ financial performance. Professionals infer from a report not only the current financial performance and strategic outlook of a company but also its prospective financial performance. They have insightful methods to find some intuitive indications of the future financial performance of a company from analyzing numbers from a report, reading its textual part and making professional guesses. The manual analysis of financial reports requires a lot of time, and time is a costly asset in a financial community. Automatically detected patterns by text mining methods characterize the writing style of the reports and can potentially provide analysts with the ground for professional guesses. One of the most attractive features of the successful report is its readability. Theoretically the readability of the reports is bond with company financial performance. This paper investigates the relationship between readability of financial reports and companies’ financial performance. We study the contribution of the readability toward the tone of a report. The patterns detected by one specific text mining method are characterized the tone of reports.
Which individuals are at increased risk of pneumococcal disease and why? Impact of COPD, asthma, smoking, diabetes, and/or chronic heart disease on community-acquired pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease

Pneumococcal disease (including community-acquired pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease) poses a burden to the community all year round, especially in those with chronic underlying conditions. Individuals with COPD, asthma or who smoke, and those with chronic heart disease or diabetes mellitus have been shown to be at increased risk of pneumococcal disease compared with those without these risk factors. These conditions, and smoking, can also adversely affect patient outcomes, including short-term and long-term mortality rates, following pneumonia. Community-acquired pneumonia, and in particular pneumococcal pneumonia, is associated with a significant economic burden, especially in those who are hospitalised, and also has an impact on a patient's quality of life. Therefore, physicians should target individuals with COPD, asthma, heart disease or diabetes mellitus, and those who smoke, for pneumococcal vaccination at the earliest opportunity at any time of the year.
Determination of optimal polynomial regression function to decompose on-die systematic and random variations

A procedure that decomposes measured parametric device variation into systematic and random components is studied by considering the decomposition process as selecting the most suitable model for describing on-die spatial variation trend. In order to maximize model predictability, the log-likelihood estimate called corrected Akaike information criterion is adopted. Depending on on-die contours of underlying systematic variation, necessary and sufficient complexity of the systematic regression model is objectively and adaptively determined. The proposed procedure is applied to 90-nm threshold voltage data and found the low order polynomials describe systematic variation very well. Designing cost-effective variation monitoring circuits as well as appropriate model determination of on-die variation are hence facilitated.
International Norms and Domestic Politics:

In recent years, students of regimes and norms have paid greater attention to domestic politics. Both liberals and constructivists are `unpacking' the state in ways that further our understanding of how international norms work their effects in the domestic arena. A crucial next step is for adherents of these two schools to engage in dialogue. This article contributes to such an enterprise by developing scope conditions that predict when norms will have the constraining or constitutive effects favored, respectively, by liberals and constructivists. I make a distinction between compliance with norms and the diffusion mechanisms empowering them domestically, explaining variance in the latter with an institutional argument that captures key dynamics — rationalist or social constructivist — portrayed in other prominent accounts. The argument is illustrated by considering the domestic impact of norms embedded in the European human rights regime.
Missing in Action: Reconstructing Hope and Possibility Among Latino Students Placed at Risk

Latino students are noticeably underrepresented in post-secondary education. Their inability to access critical information about educational opportunities has resulted in low numbers of students gaining admission to colleges and universities, particularly 4-year institutions. The lack of preparation and support in their journey to earn a college degree can prove to be a challenging one given their academic histories. The educational opportunity program described here serves students who meet one or more of these factors: 1st-generation college students, low-income, demographically underrepresented, and identified as having the need for additional academic support services for college level work.
Individuals in Conflict: An Internal Family Systems Approach

Multiple models of therapy are available in the mental health profession to help couples cope with the psychological and interpersonal difficulties associated with marriage. Internal Family Systems (IFS) is one such theoretical paradigm that juxtaposes concepts of healing broken attachments and counseling premarital couples within a preventative context to bolster marital satisfaction. IFS therapy is an approach that treats couples, partners, and intimates by exposing vulnerable emotions between individuals and providing a dynamic method of communicating interpersonal wounds with the ultimate therapeutic goal of reparation. Marriage and family therapists are uniquely positioned to assist couples in the inherent struggles associated with matrimony by using IFS therapy. This article explores the application of IFS therapy to individuals by providing a case study to highlight its impact on repairing a conflictual marriage.
Three‐month‐old infants learn arbitrary auditory–visual pairings between voices and faces

The ability of 3-month-old infants to learn arbitrary auditory–visual associations between voices and faces was investigated by familiarizing each infant to two alternating stimuli presented on a VCR monitor. Each stimulus was a voice–face combination, where the voices and faces were male and/or female. On the post-familiarization test trials each infant was presented alternately with a familiar and a novel voice–face combination, where the novel combination consisted of a voice and a face they had heard and seen previously (but not together), and on these test trials attention was significantly higher to the novel combination. These findings are a clear demonstration that 3-month-olds can learn arbitrary voice–face associations, and they are discussed in terms of early intermodal perception and face perception. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partial Deletion of the Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor α4 or β2 Subunit Genes Changes the Acetylcholine Sensitivity of Receptor-Mediated 86Rb+ Efflux in Cortex and Thalamus and Alters Relative Expression of α4 and β2 Subunits

α4 and β2 nicotinic cholinergic receptor (nAChR) subunits can assemble in heterologous expression systems as pentameric receptors with different subunit stoichiometries that exhibit differential sensitivity to activation by acetylcholine, yielding biphasic concentration-effect curves. nAChR-mediated 86Rb+ efflux in mouse brain synaptosomes also displays biphasic acetylcholine (ACh) concentration-response curves. Both phases are mediated primarily by α4β2*-nAChR, because deletion of either the α4 or β2 subunit reduces response at least 90%. A relatively larger decrease in the component of 86Rb+ efflux with lower ACh sensitivity occurred with partial deletion of α4 (α4+/-), whereas a larger decrease in the component with higher ACh sensitivity was elicited by partial deletion of β2 (β2+/-). Immunoprecipitation with selective antibodies demonstrated that more than 70% of [3H]epibatidine binding sites in both regions contained only α4 and β2 subunits. Subsequently, α4 and β2 subunit content in the cortex and thalamus of α4 and β2 wild types and heterozygotes was analyzed with Western blots. Partial deletion of α4 decreased and partial deletion of β2 increased the relative proportion of the α4 subunit in assembled receptors. Although these methods do not allow exact identification of stoichiometry of the subtypes present in wild-type cortex and thalamus, they do demonstrate that cortical and thalamic nAChRs of the α4+/- and β2+/- genotypes differ in relative expression of α4 and β2 subunits a result that corresponds to the relative functional changes observed after partial gene deletion. These results strongly suggest that α4β2-nAChR with different stoichiometry are expressed in native tissue.
Writing in Mathematics: An Alternative Form of Communication for Academically Low–Achieving Students

Classroom communication figures prominently in current math reform efforts. In this study, we analyze how one teacher used writing to support communication in a seventh–grade, low–track mathematics class. For one school year, we studied four low–achieving students in the class. Students wrote in journals on a weekly basis. Using classroom observations and interviews with the teacher, we developed profiles of the four students, capturing their participation in class discussions. The profiles highlighted an important similarity among the four students: marginal participation in both small–group and whole–class discussions. However, our analysis of the students’ journals identified multiple instances where the students were able to explain their mathematical reasoning, revealing their conceptual understanding, ability to explain, and skill at representing a problem. In this respect, journals potentially facilitate another important form of classroom communication. The promise of writing is that it offers an alternative to the visions of classroom communication that are strictly oral in nature.
Parent and Peer Attachment in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence

This study investigated child and early adolescent relationships with parents and peers within the theoretical framework of attachment. A cross-sectional sample of 279 fourth, sixth, and eighth graders completed two self-report measures assessing attachment to parents and friends. Fourth graders described more trusting and communicative relationships with parents than sixth or eighth graders. Older early adolescents turned to peers to fulfill attachment functions of proximity seeking and safe haven more often than children, although all participants reported that parents primarily served secure base functions. Females reported more trust, communication, and overall attachment to peers than males. Grade, sex, and views of attachment relationships to parents and peers predicted the introduction of friends into the attachment hierarchy. Participants who viewed relationships with parents as less secure were more likely to select peers to fulfill attachment functions. The important and complementary roles of parents and peers and their implications are discussed.
The Value of CEOs’ Industry Expertise - Evidence from Mergers & Acquisitions

We quantify the value of CEO industry-specific experience in the context of diversifying mergers and acquisitions. We find that CEOs who have work experience in the industry of the target add value for their shareholders. The abnormal return to the bidders’ shareholders is between 1.1% and 1.3% higher when the CEO has top management experience in the target industry. Analyzing potential mechanisms, we provide evidence that CEOs with industry experience in the target’s industry are not better in creating higher synergies but in negotiating more favorable terms. We show that experience is particularly valuable in environments of high informational asymmetries (1.6% - 2.9%). The results also suggest that certain skills or experience of CEOs are neither completely general nor firm-specific but rather specific to an industry.
Leadership and Creativity in the Indian R&D Laboratories: Examining the Role of Autonomous Motivation, Psychological Capital and Justice Perceptions

The present study investigates the association between R&D-specific leadership approach developed in the Indian context using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data analyses, employee autonomous motivation, psychological capital, fairness perceptions and creativity. Creativity construct was conceptualized as comprising of both behaviors and outcomes. Creative behaviors comprise of idea development (generation and promotion) behaviors and work engagement, while creative performance was measured using quantifiable outputs. Using survey data from 482 scientists in the Indian R&D laboratories, the study found that leader behaviors are directly related to autonomous motivation and justice perceptions that, in turn, are positively related to psychological capital and creative behaviors. Psychological capital is also positively related to creative behaviors. The study found significant positive relationship between work engagement and creative performance. The results of this study provide support for the leadership model and its association with employee perceptual variables, behaviors and objective performance.
Timing of Imaging after D-Luciferin Injection Affects the Longitudinal Assessment of Tumor Growth Using In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging

The peak signal or the signal at a predetermined, fixed time point after D-luciferin injection may be used for the quantitative analysis of in vivo bioluminescence imaging. We repeatedly performed sequential bioluminescence imaging after subcutaneous injection of D-luciferin in mice bearing subcutaneous tumors. The peak time in each measurement became shorter early after cell inoculation, presumably due to gradual establishment of intratumoral vasculature, and reached a plateau of about 10 min on day 10. Although the correlation between the signal at a fixed time point and the peak signal was high, the signal at 5 or 10 min normalized for the peak signal was lower for earlier days, which caused overestimation of tumor growth. The time course of the signals after D-luciferin injection may vary with time after cell inoculation, and this variation should be considered when determining the imaging protocol for quantitative bioluminescence tumor monitoring.
The Health Belief Model: A Decade Later

Since the last comprehensive review in 1974, the Health Belief Model (HBM) has continued to be the focus of considerable theoretical and research attention. This article presents a critical review of 29 HBM-related investigations published during the period 1974-1984, tabulates the findings from 17 studies conducted prior to 1974, and provides a summary of the total 46 HBM studies (18 prospective, 28 retrospective). Twenty-four studies examined preventive-health be haviors (PHB), 19 explored sick-role behaviors (SRB), and three addressed clinic utilization. A "significance ratio" was constructed which divides the number of positive, statistically- significant findings for an HBM dimension by the total number of studies reporting significance levels for that dimension. Summary results provide substantial empirical support for the HBM, with findings from prospective studies at least as favorable as those obtained from retrospective research. "Perceived barriers" proved to be the most powerful of the HBM dimensions across the various study designs and behaviors. While both were important overall, "perceived sus ceptibility" was a stronger contributor to understanding PHB than SRB, while the reverse was true for "perceived benefits. " "Perceived severity" produced the lowest overall significance ratios; however, while only weakly associated with PHB, this dimension was strongly related to SRB. On the basis of the evidence compiled, it is recommended that consideration of HBM dimensions be a part of health education programming. Suggestions are offered for further research.
Working Memory, Cues, and Wayfinding in Older Women

Individuals create cognitive maps based on relationships between cues in the environment. Older individuals are often impaired in wayfinding, especially in environments that lack distinctive features. This study examines how working memory ability in older women is related to wayfinding performance in the presence of salient (distinctive, prominent) or nonsalient cues. The degree of salient cue complexity is also examined, thus leading to the hypothesis that salient, complex cues are important in wayfinding and that working memory capacity is related to wayfinding performance. The virtual computer-generated arena is used to test this hypothesis in 20 healthy older women in three different environmental cue conditions varying in salience and complexity. Data analyses indicate that older women perform best in salient cue conditions. A greater working memory capacity is related to improved performance in the nonsalient cue condition. These findings offer preliminary evidence that cue salience is especially important in wayfinding.
Survival benefits from lapatinib therapy in women with HER2-overexpressing breast cancer: a systematic review

Breast cancer is the second cause of cancer mortality worldwide and there is an unmet need for novel anticancer agents. Lapatinib is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of breast cancer with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification. Given promising results in clinical studies, we investigated the survival benefits of lapatinib use in patients with HER2-overexpressing advanced or metastatic breast cancer. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, American Society of Clinical Oncology Meeting proceedings, San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposia proceedings, and the Cochrane Library between 2000 and 2008 for randomized controlled trials where lapatinib was used as single agent or in combination with or following other therapies. Three trials (n=704) met the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed by two independent reviewers and meta-analyses were conducted. Significant differences were observed between lapatinib-containing treatments to those without lapatinib in terms of survival. Pooled estimates suggested the hazard ratios of 0.61 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50–0.74] for progression-free survival and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.60–0.97) for overall survival. Objective response rate and clinical benefit rate also showed significant differences in favoring the use of lapatinib with odds ratios of 2.15 (95% CI: 1.48–3.11) and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.59–3.12), respectively. Heterogeneity between studies was not observed. In conclusion, addition of lapatinib to conventional anticancer treatment might offer superior survival benefit to patients with advanced metastatic HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Further investigations on the use of lapatinib in combination with anticancer agents are warranted.
Intellectually Talented Boys and Girls: Educational Profiles

*We thank Robert M. Benbow, Lynn M. Daggett, Thelma V. DeCarlo, Lola L. Minor, Susan Perkins, and Paula Zak for helpful comments on this manuscript. In the 1920s Terman began his monumental longitudinal study of gifted children (Burks, Jensen, & Terman, 1930; Oden, 1968; R. R. Sears, 1977; P. S. Sears, 1979; Sears & Barbee, 1977; Terman, 1925; Terman & Oden, 1947, 1959), and Hollingworth began her classic investigation of children with IQs of 180 or more (Hollingworth, 1942). Both concluded that gifted children tended to become highly effective and productive adults. Fifty years later, the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth (SMPY) initiated a similar investigation, but of mathematically gifted children and with an added component of providing educational facilitation for the students studied (Cohn, 1980; Stanley, 1977). The study was designed to be longitudinal, with a new cohort of junior-high-school students each year. An important aspect of any longitudinal research program is to describe the subjects initially because that provides baseline data. For the SMPY program, this characterization
[Changes in quality of life and related factors in thyroid cancer patients with radioactive iodine remnant ablation].

PURPOSE To investigate changes in Quality of life (QOL) and related factors in patients with thyroid cancer undergoing Radioactive Iodine remnant ablation (RAI). METHODS Data were collected longitudinally 3 times for 6 months (2 weeks post-surgery, post RAI, 3 months post RAI) in a hospital located in Seoul. Questionnaires were used to measure levels of physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and QOL. Ninety-eight patients with thyroid cancer who had RAI were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS (18.0). RESULTS Findings for the three data collection times respectfully were: mean scores for physical symptoms, 0.53, 1.21 and 0.62, patients with depression, 47%, 36.7% and 37.7%, patients with anxiety, 18.4%, 19.4% and 20.4%, mean scores for QOL, 7.06, 7.01 and 7.28. QOL score was highest 3 months post RAI (p=.031). In the stepwise multiple regression analysis, depression and fatigue were predicting factors for low QOL at all data collection times. Dysponia was a predicting factor for low QOL post RAI and 3 months post RAI. CONCLUSION To increase QOL, it is necessary to provide information in advance regarding physical & psychological symptoms and to develop nursing intervention programs to decrease depression and fatigue.
Brown bodies, racialisation and physical education

This article explores how school physical education (PE) can both reinforce stereotyped notions of the brown body as inherently physical while also allowing young people to gain educational success. Drawing on a critical ethnographic study of Māori and Pasifika (Pacific Island) youth in PE in New Zealand, the article explores how the academic status of PE, and its alignment with sport, positions the brown bodies of these youth in problematic and stereotypical ways. While PE may reinforce racialised stereotypes, it is also a space of recognition and achievement for youth. Bourdieu's notions of capital, field and habitus provide insight into how such contradictions potentially offer social transformation while simultaneously reproducing social status.