Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Failure of the Lamivudine-Resistant rtM204I Hepatitis B Virus Mutants To Efficiently Support Hepatitis Delta Virus Secretion

ABSTRACT Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is encapsidated by the envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The major HBV lamivudine (LMV)-resistant mutations in the polymerase gene within the reverse transcriptase (rt) region at rtM204V or rtM204I are associated with changes in the overlapping envelope gene products, in particular, the gene encoding small envelope protein (s) at sI195M or sW196L/S/Stop. We have demonstrated that the LMV resistance mutations corresponding to sW196L/S inhibited secretion of HDV particles, while changes corresponding to sI195M did not affect secretion. Differential efficiencies of HBsAg proteins expressed by LMV-resistant HBV to support HDV secretion may have consequences for clinical prognosis as coinfected patients are treated with antiviral agents.
Dependent interviewing and sub-optimal responding

With proactive dependent interviewing respondents are reminded of the answer they gave in the previous interview, before being asked about their current status. We examine the risk that respondents falsely confirm the answers from the previous interview as still applying, using data from a panel survey in which preload data about receipt of welfare benefit contained errors. A large proportion of respondents confirmed the false preload. Respondents with a more complex history of receipt, according to linked administrative records, were more likely to confirm. Personality also seemed to matter. Predictors of satisficing and characteristics of the survey and interviewer were not predictive of confirming the false preload.
Thriving, surviving, or going under : coping with everyday lives

Introduction. Part I: Understanding Coping. Thriving, Surviving or Going Under, Which Coping Strategies Relate to Which Outcomes? , Ramon Lewis and Erica Frydenberg. Students' Self-Evaluations of their Coping: How Well Do they Do It? , Ramon Lewis and Erica Frydenberg. Children Living with Parental Mental Health Problems: Do Young People Adopt their Parents' Coping Style? , Nicola Cogan, Sheila Riddell and Gillian Mayes. Part II: Resources and Coping with Prevalent Problems, Young People and their Resources, Vicki McKenzie and Erica Frydenberg. Anxiety in Childhood: How Do Children Cope? , Barbara Jones and Erica Frydenberg. Two Types of Aggression and The Relationship with Coping: Implications for Educational Practice, Geraldine Larkins and Erica Frydenberg. Part III: Teaching Coping Skills, Small Kids and Big Challenges: Resilience Promotion at a Young Age, Moshe Israelashvili. Teaching Young People to Cope: The Best of Coping Program, Erica Frydenberg. Adolescent Coping in the Performance Environment: A Program for Upper Secondary School Music Students, Narelle Lemon and Erica Frydenberg. A Model Counseling Intervention Program to Prepare Adolescents for Coping with Work-Family Conflict, Gali Cinamon and Yisrael Rich. Three Keys to Thriving, David W. Johnson and Roger T. Johnson. Part IV: Teacher and Parent Coping. Coping Strategies for Parents, Steve Rollin, Tam Dao and Jennifer Holland. Directions in Teacher Training for Low-Burnout Teaching: Lessons from Research, Isaac Friedman.
SWASHES: a compilation of shallow water analytic solutions for hydraulic and environmental studies

Numerous codes are being developed to solve shallow water equations. Because these are used in hydraulic and environmental studies, their capability to simulate flow dynamics properly is critical to guarantee infrastructure and human safety. Although validating these codes is an important issue, code validations are currently restricted because analytic solutions to the shallow water equations are rare and have been published on an individual basis over a period of more than five decades. This article aims at making analytic solutions to the shallow water equations easily available to code developers and users. It compiles a significant number of analytic solutions to the shallow water equations that are currently scattered through the literature of various scientific disciplines. The analytic solutions are described in a unified formalism to make a consistent set of test cases. These analytic solutions encompass a wide variety of flow conditions (supercritical, subcritical, shock, etc.), in one or two space dimensions, with or without rain and soil friction, for transitory flow or steady state. The corresponding source codes are made available to the community (http://www.univ‐orleans.fr/mapmo/soft/SWASHES), so that users of shallow water‐based models can easily find an adaptable benchmark library to validate their numerical methods. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Afferent influences on brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Neuron number and size following cochlea removal

The consequences of cochlea removal on neuron number and soma cross‐sectional area were examined in the second order auditory nucleus (n. magnocellularis) of chickens. Both the age of the subjects at the time of cochlea (basilar papilla) removal (1–66 weeks) and the survival period (1–45 days) were varied. Neuron number and soma cross‐sectional area were determined from Nissl stained sections. Additional material was processed to examine the relationship of ganglion cell loss to changes in n. magnocellularis.
Does training in speech perception modify speech production?

To examine the relationship between speech perception and production in second language acquisition, this study investigated whether training in the perception domain transfers to improvement in the production domain. Native speakers of Japanese were trained to identify English /r/-/l/ minimal pairs. Recordings were made of the subjects' productions of minimal pairs before and after identification training. American-English listeners then perceptually evaluated these productions. The subjects showed significant improvements from pre-test to post-test in perception as well as in production. Furthermore, the subjects retained these abilities in follow-up tests given three months and six months after the conclusion of training. These results demonstrate that training in the perception domain produces long-term modifications in both perception and production, implying a close link between speech perception and production.
High Dietary Fructose Intake on Cardiovascular Disease Related Parameters in Growing Rats

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a high-fructose diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related parameters in growing rats. Three-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups; a regular diet group (RD: fed regular diet based on AIN-93G, n = 8), a high-fructose diet group (30Frc: fed regular diet with 30% fructose, n = 8), a high-fat diet group (45Fat: fed regular diet with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8) or a high fructose with high-fat diet group (30Frc + 45Fat, fed diet 30% fructose with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8). After an eight-week treatment period, the body weight, total-fat weight, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and pro-inflammatory cytokines, abdominal aortic wall thickness, and expressions of eNOS and ET-1 mRNA were analyzed. The result showed that total-fat weight was higher in the 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05). Serum triglyceride (TG) levels were highest in the 30Frc group than the other groups (p < 0.05). The abdominal aorta of 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had higher wall thickness than the RD group (p < 0.05). Abdominal aortic eNOS mRNA level was decreased in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05), and also 45Fat and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had decreased mRNA expression of eNOS compared to the 30Frc group (p < 0.05). ET-1 mRNA level was higher in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups than the RD group (p < 0.05). Both high fructose consumption and high fat consumption in growing rats had similar negative effects on CVD-related parameters.
The wis1 protein kinase is a dosage‐dependent regulator of mitosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The wis1+ gene encodes a newly identified mitotic control element in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It was isolated by virtue of its interaction with the mitotic control genes cdc25, wee1 and win1. The wis1+ gene potentially encodes a 66 kDa protein with homology to the serine/threonine family of protein kinases. wis1+ plays an important role in the regulation of entry into mitosis, as it shares with cdc25+ and nim1+/cdr1+ the property of inducing mitosis in a dosage‐dependent manner. Increased levels of wis1+ expression cause mitotic initiation to occur at a reduced cell size. Loss of wis1+ function does not prevent vegetative growth and division, though wis1‐ cells show an elongated morphology, indicating that their entry into mitosis and cell division is delayed relative to wild type cells. wis1‐ cells undergo a rapid reduction of viability upon entry into stationary phase, suggesting a role for wis1+ in the integration of nutritional sensing with the control over entry into mitosis.
Organizational Culture Impact on Knowledge Exchange: Saudi Telecom Context

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of some organizational culture attributes, including: openness to change, innovation, trust, teamwork, morale, information flow, employees' involvement, supervision, customer service and reward orientation on the knowledge exchange (KE) process within the context of the Saudi Telecom Company (STC) as a representation of the Saudi context.Design/methodology/approach – A descriptive correlation design was used. A web survey was used to collect data from 378 employees working on STC using Random Number Generator 0.2 software. The sample was selected using an e‐mailing list.Findings – The findings revealed that the cultural attributes of trust, innovation, information flow, supervision, and reward have an impact on KE within the context of the STC. Additionally, the study revealed a statistically significant correlation between organizational culture and KE as a whole (0.75), which emphasizes the effective role of organizational culture factors .
Transcranial Color‐Coded Duplex Sonography of Intracerebral Hematomas in Adults

Background and Purpose It is well established from pediatric experience and animal experiments that intracerebral blood can be demonstrated by B-mode real-time duplex scanning. This has recently become feasible in adults as well. The present study investigated the changes in the sonographic appearance of intracerebral hematomas over the course of time. Methods Starting in May 1991, 23 consecutive patients with intracerebral hematoma confirmed by computed tomography (21 spontaneous and 2 traumatic hematomas) were investigated within 1 year. They were monitored by repeated ultrasound scanning via the transtemporal approach. The sonographic appearance of the hematomas on B-mode scans and the angle-corrected blood flow velocity in the basal cerebral arteries were assessed. Results There was unequivocal localization of the hematoma in 18 patients (78%). In 3 cases (13%), an adequate acoustic window could not be found. One small intracerebral hemorrhage was overlooked, and one extensive hemorrhage in the basal ganglia was misdiagnosed as a lobar hematoma. There was an alteration of the appearance of the hematoma with time. This was divided into three sonographic stages (initial stage, days 1 to 5; intermediate stage, days 6 to 10; and capsular stage, from day 10). In 14 of the 20 patients with an appropriate acoustic bony echo window, the blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery could be measured; in 1 of these patients, the signs of increasing intracranial pressure were apparent from Doppler frequency spectrum. In 5 patients, the intracerebral hematoma could be imaged but not the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. One female patient showed cerebral circulatory arrest at the time of examination, which took place within 24 hours after the onset of clinical symptoms. Conclusions Most intracerebral hematomas in adults can be imaged in B-mode. Their sonographic appearance changes over the course of the disease. The advantages of this noninvasive method are its easy bedside operation and its suitability for follow-up; it is also less stressful than other imaging procedures. It yields a combination of structural and functional diagnostic information. In approximately 13% of the cases, the investigation was not feasible because of inadequate ultrasonic penetration of the intact skull.
The child with special needs : encouraging intellectual and emotional growth

* Introduction Discovering Each Childs Unique Strengths, Developmental Capacities, And Challenges * Moving Beyond the Label * Biological Challenges * Observing Each Child: Biological Challenges and Strengths * The Six Milestones * Observing Each Child: The Six Milestones * Observing Yourselves * Emotion and Interaction: Keys to the Development of Intelligence, Sense of Self, and Social Capacities Encouraging Emotional And Intellectual Growth * The Floor-Time Approach * Floor Time I: Attention, Engagement, and IntimacyHelping a Child Become Interested in the World and Connect with People * Floor Time II: Two-Way CommunicationHelping a Child Communicate with Gestures and Expressions * Floor Time III: Feelings and IdeasHelping a Child Develop and Express Feelings and Ideas * Floor Time IV: Logical ThinkingHelping a Child Connect Ideas and Develop a Logical Understanding of the World * Strengthening Biologically Based Processing Abilities * Going to Sleep, Toilet Training, and Other Difficult Challenges * Special-Needs Syndromes Family, Therapy, And School * Marital Challenges * Family Challenges * An Integral Approach to Therapy * School and Other Children * What Can We Expect?
PIASx α enhances SUMO 1 modification of PTEN as a SUMO E 3 ligase

The tumor suppressor PTEN plays a critical role in the regulation of multiple cellular processes that include survival, cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis. PTEN is frequently mutated or deleted in various human cancer cells to promote tumorigenesis. PTEN is regulated by SUMOylation, but the SUMO E3 ligase involved in the SUMOylation of PTEN remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PIASxα is a SUMO E3 ligase for PTEN. PIASxα physically interacted with PTEN both in vitro and in vivo. Their interaction depended on the integrity of Phosphatase and C2 domains of PTEN, and the region of PIASxα comprising residues 134-347. PIASxα enhanced PTEN protein stability by reducing PTEN ubiquitination, while the mutation of PTEN SUMO1 conjugation sites neutralized the effect of PIASxα on PTEN protein half-life. Functionally, PIASxα, as a potential tumor suppressor, negatively regulated the PI3K-Akt pathway through stabilizing PTEN protein. Overexpression of PIASxα led to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, thus triggered cell proliferation inhibition and tumor suppression, whereas PIASxα knockdown or deficiency in catalytic activity abolished the inhibition. Together, our studies suggest that PIASxα is a novel SUMO E3 ligase for PTEN and it positively regulates PTEN protein level in tumor suppression. PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome TEN) (1) is a well-defined tumor suppressor that plays a critical role in multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and genomic stability maintenance (2-7). PTEN is reduced in expression, deleted or mutated with high frequency in various types of human cancers and is considered to function as a tumor suppressor (8, 9). The classic function of PTEN is to inhibit the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol http://www.jbc. org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M113.508515 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on December 16, 2013 as Manuscript M113.508515 Copyright 2013 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. by gest on O cber 0, 2017 hp://w w w . jb.org/ D ow nladed from
THE EFFECTS OF PEER MODELING ON CHILDREN'S SELF-EFFICACY AND PERSISTENCE.

Few research efforts have tested Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory in an educational setting. Though the results from these studies have provided support for this theory's applicability in this setting, the effects of certain model behaviors and characteristics have not yet been determined. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of videotaped peer models on children's self-efficacy judgments and persistence times on an intellectual task. One hundred and sixty-two fourth grade children were randomly assigned to one of eight experimental conditions or one control condition with equal numbers of males and females in each condition. Eight videotapes constituted the eight experimental conditions. Each tape consisted of either a male or female peer model trying to solve a block puzzle at one of two levels of persistence and success. Children's persistence on the insolvable block puzzle was measured by time in seconds, while an efficacy scale assessed children's conviction that they could master the block puzzle. It was found that children's persistence times and self-efficacy judgments regarding a block puzzle task were influenced by a model's persistence and success behaviors. Model persistence was more influential than model success on children's persistence, while self-efficacy was influenced only by model success. Sex of the model and sex of the subject did not affect children's persistence times; however, sex of the subject did affect children's self-efficacy judgments. The research findings were discussed in terms of: (1) The role of self-efficacy as a cognitive mediator, (2) Same-sex versus different sex modeling, (3) The utility and strength of videotaped modeling relative to live modeling, and (4) Peer models versus adult models.
Disproportionality of English Learners with Emotional and/or Behavioral Disorders: A Comparative Meta-Analysis with English Learners with Learning Disabilities

Disproportionate representation of English learners in special education has been a longstanding and ongoing concern. However, research examining disproportionate representation of English learners receiving special education services for emotional and/or behavioral disorders (EBD) has been limited. To address this gap, a meta-analysis of disproportionate representation of English learners in the EBD category was conducted and the results were compared with same sample results for students receiving special education services for learning disabilities (LD). Based on five studies, the results of the meta-analysis indicate that English learners are disproportionately underrepresented in the EBD category generally and when compared with students in the LD category. Differences in odds ratios were found across educational contexts (i.e., school-level, district-level, state-level, and nationally), indicating different patterns of representation. Implications and potential reasons for disproportionality are discussed.
Diurnal variations in tear film break‐up time determined in healthy subjects by software‐assisted interpretation of tear film video recordings

This study was designed to examine diurnal variations in tear film break‐up time (BUT) and maximum blink interval (MBI) and to assess two different ways of calculating these variables on video recordings of the BUT test interpreted with the help of especially designed software. The repeatability of interpreting BUT video recordings was also addressed.
The Effect of Customer Trust on Customer Loyalty and Repurchase Intention : The Moderating Influence of Perceived CSR BY

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been becoming more and more important in business environment. This study discusses the impact of the rising interest in CSR issues on customer responses. Although some prior researches had commented CSR’s effect on customer responses, however, it is far from enough. The study develops and tests a conceptual framework, which predicts that Perceived CSR towards the company from customers moderates the positive relationship between Customer Trust and Customer Loyalty in the context of pharmaceutical chain stores in Hong Kong. At the same time, the study will re-examine the relationship between Customer Trust and Customer Loyalty; and re-examine the relationship between Customer Loyalty and Repurchase Intent of customers. The results generally support for this framework, except for the moderating direction of the Perceived CSR. Notably, it was found that with Low Perceived CSR towards the company, customers TrustLoyalty relationship is stronger than the customers with High Perceived CSR. And some implications were therefore drawn from the result.
Phospholemman-Mediated Activation of Na/K-ATPase Limits [Na]i and Inotropic State During &bgr;-Adrenergic Stimulation in Mouse Ventricular Myocytes

Background— Cardiac Na/K-ATPase (NKA) regulates intracellular Na ([Na]i), which in turn affects intracellular Ca and thus contractility via Na/Ca exchange. Recent evidence shows that phosphorylation of the NKA-associated small transmembrane protein phospholemman (PLM) mediates &bgr;-adrenergic–induced NKA stimulation. Methods and Results— Here, we tested whether PLM phosphorylation during &bgr;-adrenergic activation limits the rise in [Na]i, Ca transient amplitude, and triggered arrhythmias in mouse ventricular myocytes. In myocytes from wild-type (WT) mice, [Na]i increased on field stimulation at 2 Hz from 11.1±1.8 mmol/L to a plateau of 15.2±1.5 mmol/L. Isoproterenol induced a decrease in [Na]i to 12.0±1.2 mmol/L. In PLM knockout (PLM-KO) mice in which &bgr;-adrenergic stimulation does not activate NKA, [Na]i also increased at 2 Hz (from 10.4±1.2 to 17.0±1.5 mmol/L) but was unaltered by isoproterenol. The PLM-mediated decrease in [Na]i in WT mice could limit the isoproterenol-induced inotropic state. Indeed, the isoproterenol-induced increase in the amplitude of Ca transients was significantly smaller in the WT mice (5.2±0.4- versus 7.1±0.5-fold in PLM-KO mice). This also was the case for the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content, which increased by 1.27±0.09-fold in WT mice versus 1.53±0.09-fold in PLM-KO mice. The higher sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content in PLM-KO versus WT mice was associated with an increased propensity for spontaneous Ca transients and contractions in PLM-KO mice. Conclusions— These data suggest that PLM phosphorylation and NKA stimulation are an integral part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response, tempering the rise in [Na]i and cellular Ca loading and perhaps limiting Ca overload–induced arrhythmias.
EGF receptor function is required in late G(1) for cell cycle progression induced by bombesin and bradykinin.

We examined the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase activation in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonist-induced mitogenesis in Swiss 3T3 and Rat-1 cells. Addition of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., tyrphostin AG-1478) abrogated bombesin-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in Rat-1 cells but not in Swiss 3T3 cells, indicating the importance of cell context in determining the role of EGFR in ERK activation. In striking contrast, treatment with tyrphostin AG-1478 markedly (~70%) inhibited DNA synthesis induced by bombesin in both Swiss 3T3 and Rat-1 cells. Similar inhibition of bombesin-induced DNA synthesis in Swiss 3T3 cells was obtained using four structurally different inhibitors of EGFR tyrosine kinase. Furthermore, kinetic analysis indicates that EGFR function is necessary for bombesin-induced mitogenesis in mid-late G(1) in both Swiss 3T3 and Rat-1 cells. Our results indicate that EGFR kinase activity is necessary in mid-late G(1) for promoting the accumulation of cyclins D1 and E and implicate EGFR function in the coupling of GPCR signaling to the activation of the cell cycle.