Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Group Cohesion and Anxiety in Soccer

Abstract Group cohesion in sport is a widely spread theme today. Research has found cohesion to be influenced by several individual and group components. Among the cognitive variables that relate to cohesion we found competitive anxiety. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between task cohesion (ATG-T, and GI-T) and competitive state anxiety (A-state), and also if there would be a relation between cohesion and self-confidence. Participants were 366 football players of both genders male and female, aged between 15 to 23 years old, from Portugal’s championships. Cohesion was measured using the Portuguese version of the Group Environment Questionnaire, and to assess competitive anxiety, we used the Portuguese version of the Competition State Anxiety Inventory 2. Our results show that female athletes report experiencing more cognitive anxiety and less self-confidence than male athletes. Only cognitive anxiety relates in a significantly negative way with the perception of cohesion (GI-T e ATG-T) in the total number of participants and in male athletes. Relatively to the somatic anxiety, it only relates negatively with the perception of the integration of the group in the total number of participants and in the male gender.
Iron contributes to dopamine‐induced toxicity in oligodendrocyte progenitors

Iron is potentially toxic to oligodendrocyte progenitors due to its high intracellular levels and its ability to catalyse oxidant‐producing reactions. Oxidative stress resulting from a hypoxic–ischaemic insult has been implicated in death of oligodendrocyte progenitors that occurs in the hypomyelinating disorder periventricular leucomalacia. Ischaemic insults induce the release of various neurotransmitters, including dopamine (DA), and we previously showed that DA is toxic to cultured oligodendrocytes, by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated the role of iron in DA‐induced cell death in oligodendrocyte progenitors. Intracellular iron levels were altered using an iron chelator, deferoxamine (DFO), and supplementation with ferrous sulphate (FeSO4). Addition of FeSO4 to cultures increased DA‐induced toxicity as assessed by mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and cellular release of lactate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, FeSO4 increased expression of the stress protein heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), nuclear condensation and caspase‐3 activation. In contrast, preincubation with DFO reduced these events as well as cleavage of α‐spectrin, a caspase‐3 substrate. In addition, FeSO4 reversed the protective effect of DFO on DA‐induced cytotoxicity, HO‐1 expression and caspase‐3 activation. These results indicate that elevated levels of free iron contribute to DA‐induced toxicity in oligodendrocyte progenitors.
Seeing the Disappearance of Unseen Objects

Because of the massive amount of incoming visual information, perception is fundamentally selective. We are aware of only a small subset of our visual input at any given moment, and a great deal of activity can occur right in front of our eyes without reaching awareness. While previous work has shown that even salient visual objects can go unseen, here we demonstrate the opposite pattern, wherein observers perceive stimuli which are not physically present. In particular, we show in two motion-induced blindness experiments that unseen objects can momentarily reenter awareness when they physically disappear: in some situations, you can see the disappearance of something you can't see. Moreover, when a stimulus changes outside of awareness in this situation and then physically disappears, observers momentarily see the altered version—thus perceiving properties of an object that they had never seen before, after that object is already gone. This phenomenon of ‘perceptual reentry’ yields new insights into the relationship between visual memory and conscious awareness.
A New Iris Recognition Method Based on Gabor Wavelet Neural Network

After a thorough analysis and summarization, a new method based on Gabor wavelet neural network and 2-dimensional principal components analysis (2DPCA) is proposed for iris recognition. A Gabor-wavelet neural network model is developed in this study. The extraction algorithm layer of GWNN is used for selecting the feature extraction method and obtaining the optimum wavelet basal function parameter values. In this process, Gabor parameters are adjusted adaptively through Gabor wavelet atomic transform function, once defined, Gabor filtering and wavelet methods are used to extract the iris texture features. This will result in a compact and efficient feature vector. In the next verification stage, the 2D principal component analysis (2DPCA) technique and the classification layer structure perceptron of GWNN, which the followed parts layers of network are employed for dimensionality reduction and classification respectively. In the end network simulation experiments can be completed using Gabor wavelet neural networks to classify. Simulation results showed that the proposed iris recognition method based on the Gabor wavelet neural network is a better recognition performance.
Abnormal bone remodeling process is due to an imbalance in the receptor activator of nuclear factor–κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis in patients with solid tumors metastatic to the skeleton

The role of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, and osteopontin (OPN) was studied in patients with solid tumors metastatic to the bone in relation to the type of malignancy and the neoplastic burden to the skeleton. Levels of soluble RANKL (sRANKL), OPG and OPN were assessed in 61 patients with breast, lung and prostate cancer with newly-diagnosed metastasis to the bone, in parallel with bone resorption [C-telopeptide of type-I collagen (CTX), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b)] and bone formation markers [bone-alkaline phosphatase (bALP), osteocalcin (OC), and C-terminal propeptide of collagen type-I (CICP)]. Patients had elevated serum levels of sRANKL, OPG, OPN, TRACP-5b, and bALP, and reduced OC levels compared to controls. OPG correlated with the extent of metastatic bone burden. Patients with breast and lung cancer shared increased levels of sRANKL, OPG, and OPN whereas prostate cancer patients had elevated values of OPG and bALP only. These results suggest that patients with solid tumors metastatic to the bone have severe disruption of the sRANKL/OPG axis. Breast and lung cancer seem to exert their osteolytic action through upregulation of the sRANKL/OPG system and OPN, whereas prostate cancer seems to provoke profound elevation of OPG levels only, thus leading to increased osteoblastic activity.
Self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms and usage of computers and mobile phones among working-age Finns

The aim of the work is to study self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms among working-age Finns using logistical regression models. The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study by posting a questionnaire to 15,000 working-age persons. The responses (6121) revealed that 101 (1.7%) Finnish working-age persons suffered depression very often and 77 (1.3%) suffered anxiety very often during the last 12 months. Symptoms uncovered in the comparative analysis of respondents who had quite often or more often depression to respondents who had less depression showed differentiation. The same result was obtained in the analysis of self-reported anxiety symptoms. With the logistical regression models (from depression and anxiety), we found associations between physical symptoms (in shoulder) and depression and between different mental symptoms and anxiety or depression. In the future, it is important to take into accout that persons with physical symptoms can also have mental symptoms (depression or anxiety).
Information search and re-access strategies of experienced web users

Experienced web users have strategies for information search and re-access that are not directly supported by web browsers or search engines. We studied how prevalent these strategies are and whether even experienced users have problems with searching and re-accessing information. With this aim, we conducted a survey with 236 experienced web users. The results showed that this group has frequently used key strategies (e.g., using several browser windows in parallel) that they find important, whereas some of the strategies that have been suggested in previous studies are clearly less important for them (e.g., including URLs on a webpage). In some aspects, such as query formulation, this group resembles less experienced web users. For instance, we found that most of the respondents had misconceptions about how their search engine handles queries, as well as other problems with information search and re-access. In addition to presenting the prevalence of the strategies and rationales for their use, we present concrete designs solutions and ideas for making the key strategies also available to less experienced users.
Local homogeneity

Abstract. We study the expansion of stable structures by adding predicates for arbitrary subsets. Generalizing work of Poizat-Bouscaren on the one hand and Baldwin-Benedikt-Casanovas-Ziegler on the other we provide a sufficient condition (Theorem 4.7) for such an expansion to be stable. This generalization weakens the original definitions in two ways: dealing with arbitrary subsets rather than just submodels and removing the ‘small’ or ‘belles paires’ hypothesis. We use this generalization to characterize in terms of pairs, the ‘triviality’ of the geometry on a strongly minimal set (Theorem 2.5). Call a set A benign if any type over A in the expanded language is determined by its restriction to the base language. We characterize the notion of benign as a kind of local homogenity (Theorem 1.7). Answering a question of [8] we characterize the property that M has the finite cover property over A (Theorem 3.9).
Smoking, Surgery, and Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Women: United Kingdom Cohort Study

Background— Evidence about the effect of smoking on venous thromboembolism risk, generally and in the postoperative period, is limited and inconsistent. We examined the incidence of venous thromboembolism in relation to smoking habits, both in the absence of surgery and in the first 12 postoperative weeks, in a large prospective study of women in the United Kingdom. Methods and Results— During 6 years’ follow-up of 1 162 718 women (mean age 56 years), 4630 were admitted to hospital for or died of venous thromboembolism. In the absence of surgery, current smokers had a significantly increased incidence of venous thromboembolism compared with never-smokers (adjusted relative risk 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.28–1.48), with significantly greater risks in heavier than lighter smokers (relative risks 1.47 [95% confidence interval 1.34–1.62] and 1.29 [95% confidence interval 1.17–1.42] for ≥15 versus <15 cigarettes per day). Current smokers were also more likely to have surgery than never-smokers (relative risk 1.12, 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.13). Among women who had surgery, the incidence of venous thromboembolism in the first 12 postoperative weeks was significantly greater in current than never-smokers (relative risk 1.16, 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.30). Conclusions— Venous thromboembolism incidence was increased in current smokers, both in the absence of surgery and in the 12 weeks after surgery. Smoking is another factor to consider in the assessment of venous thromboembolism risk in patients undergoing surgery.
The Ups and Downs of Venture Capital Syndication : Determinants and Outcomes

Why do venture capitalists syndicate in more than sixty percent of first rounds? Syndication is more likely for larger first rounds, consistent with a diversification motive. Industry and geographic patterns of syndication, as well as variations by stage of the portfolio company, support the view that first-round syndicates also provide vetting, expertise, and networks, and that higher densities of venture capital firms make it easier for syndicates to function. In addition, indicators of lower future returns to venture capital investments are associated with higher rates of syndication, consistent with the use of first-round syndication as a defensive strategy. Empirical evidence further supports this view: first-round syndication of the 1990s, when syndication rates were low and prospects good, is associated with good exit outcomes, while syndication since 2000, when syndication rates were high and prospects poor, is associated with bad exit outcomes.
SPITZER OBSERVATIONS OF THE YOUNG CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA REMNANT 1E0102-72.3: INFRARED EJECTA EMISSION AND DUST FORMATION

We present Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph and Infrared Array Camera observations of the young supernova remnant E0102 (SNR 1E0102-7219) in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The infrared spectra show strong lines of Ne and O, with the [Ne ii] line at 12.8 μm having a large velocity dispersion of 2000–4500 km s−1 indicative of fast-moving ejecta. Unlike the young Galactic SNR Cas A, E0102 lacks emission from Ar and Fe. Diagnostics of the observed [Ne iii] line pairs imply that [Ne iii] emitting ejecta have a low temperature of 650 K, while [Ne v] line pairs imply that the infrared [Ne v] emitting ejecta have a high density of ∼104 cm−3. We have calculated radiative shock models for various velocity ranges including the effects of photoionization. The shock model indicates that the [Ne v] lines come mainly from the cooling zone, which is hot and dense, whereas [Ne ii] and [Ne iii] come mainly from the photoionization zone, which has a low temperature of 400–1000 K. We estimate an infrared-emitting Ne ejecta mass of 0.04 M☉ from the infrared observations, and discuss implications for the progenitor mass. The spectra also have a dust continuum feature peaking at 18 μm that coincides spatially with the ejecta, providing evidence that dust formed in the expanding ejecta. The 18 μm peak dust feature is fitted by a mixture of MgSiO3 and Si dust grains, while the rest of the continuum requires either carbon or Al2O3 grains. We measure the total dust mass formed within the ejecta of E0102 to be ∼0.014 M☉. The dust mass in E0102 is thus a factor of a few smaller than that in Cas A. The composition of the dust is also different, showing relatively less silicate and likely no Fe-bearing dust, as is suggested by the absence of Fe-emitting ejecta.
Can the use of dressing materials actually prevent pressure ulcers: presenting the evidence

Martyn Butcher is an Independent Non-medical Prescriber and Independent Tissue Viability and Wound Care Consultant; Geoffrey Thompson is an Infection Prevention/ Control Audit and Research Nurse, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals Trust NHS and an Independent Tissue Viability Nurse, Trustee member, Wound Care Alliance UK In part one of this two-part series, the authors discussed the aetiology of pressure damage and how it develops. It was noted that despite widespread research into the field, pressure damage is still commonplace and the incidence and costs incurred can place a significant burden on healthcare resources. The authors questioned if a different approach should be investigated. In part two they examine the scientific evidence that supports the use of dressing materials in the prevention of pressure damage and conclude that there may already be tools available to facilitate this shift in preventative healthcare strategies.
Universal polar codes

Polar codes, invented by Arikan in 2009, are known to achieve the capacity of any binary-input memoryless output-symmetric channel. Further, both the encoding and the decoding can be accomplished in O(N log(N)) real operations, where N is the blocklength. One of the few drawbacks of the original polar code construction is that it is not universal. This means that the code has to be tailored to the channel if we want to transmit close to capacity. We present two “polar-like” schemes that are capable of achieving the compound capacity of the whole class of binaryinput memoryless symmetric channels with low complexity. Roughly speaking, for the first scheme we stack up N polar blocks of length N on top of each other but shift them with respect to each other so that they form a “staircase. ” Then by coding across the columns of this staircase with a standard ReedSolomon code, we can achieve the compound capacity using a standard successive decoder to process the rows (the polar codes) and in addition a standard Reed-Solomon erasure decoder to process the columns. Compared to standard polar codes this scheme has essentially the same complexity per bit but a block length which is larger by a factor O(N log2(N)/ϵ). Here N is the required blocklength for a standard polar code to achieve an acceptable block error probability for a single channel at a distance of at most c from capacity. For the second scheme we first show how to construct a true polar code which achieves the compound capacity for a finite number of channels. We achieve this by introducing special “polarization” steps which “align” the good indices for the various channels. We then show how to exploit the compactness of the space of binary-input memoryless output-symmetric channels to reduce the compound capacity problem for this class to a compound capacity problem for a finite set of channels. This scheme is similar in spirit to standard polar codes, but the price for universality is a considerably larger blocklength.
Metabolic abnormalities and body composition of HIV-infected children on Lopinavir or Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy

Background Few studies have assessed metabolic and body composition alterations in perinatally HIV-infected African children on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We compared metabolic profiles and regional fat of children on ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (lopinavir/ritonavir), lamivudine and stavudine to those switched to nevirapine, lamivudine and stavudine. Methods This study evaluated metabolic and body composition outcomes in 156 HIV-infected children completing a randomised trial that assessed the continued use of lopinavir/ritonavir-based ART or switch to nevirapine-based ART in Johannesburg, South Africa (2005–2010). Fasting total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides total and regional body fat (BF) were measured. A clinical assessment for lipodystrophy (LD) was conducted. Results 156 children (mean age 5.1±0.8 years, mean duration of treatment 4.2±0.7 years, mean time since randomisation 3.4±0.7 years) were enrolled. 85 were randomised to the lopinavir/ritonavir group and 71 to the nevirapine group. The lopinavir/ritonavir group had lower mean HDL (1.3±0.4 vs 1.5±0.4 mmol/l, p<0.001) and higher mean TC (4.4±1.0 vs 4.1±0.8 mmol/l, p=0.097), LDL (2.6±0.9 vs 2.3±0.7 mmol/l, p=0.018) and triglycerides (1.1±0.4 vs 0.8±0.3 mmol/l, p<0.001). The lopinavir/ritonavir group had more total BF by mean skinfold sum (43±11.1 vs 39±10.1 mm, p=0.031) and BF% by bioelectrical impedance analysis (17.0±7.0 vs 14.1±8.0%, p=0.022). Thirteen (8.4%) met criteria for LD. Conclusions Unfavourable alterations in lipid profile and triglycerides, and differences in fat are detectable in young HIV-infected South African children receiving lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens versus those switched to nevirapine-based regimens. Interventions to mitigate these alterations are warranted to reduce long-term cardiovascular disease risk.
Quantification of the 3-D electromagnetic power absorption rate in tissue during transurethral prostatic microwave thermotherapy using heat transfer model

Experiments were performed in a tissue microwave-equivalent phantom gel to quantitatively examine the volumetric heating produced by a microwave antenna with a peripheral cooling system for the transurethral prostatic thermotherapy. Based on previous research, expression for the specific absorption rate (SAR) of microwave energy in the gel was extended to three dimensions, which includes its dependence on radial, angular, and axial direction. A theoretical heat transfer model was developed to study the temperature distribution in the gel by introducing this proposed SAR expression. The parameters in this expression and the convection coefficient due to the chilled water running around the antenna were determined using a least-square residual fit of the theoretical temperature predictions to the experimentally measured steady-state temperature field within the gel. The analytical expression of the three-dimensional SAR distribution obtained in this study will help provide a better understanding of the microwave heating pattern in the prostatic tissue and, thus, to aid in designing improved applicators. It can also be used in the future as an accurate input to heat transfer models which predict temperature distributions during the transurethral microwave thermotherapy.
Expanding the phenotype of late‐onset pompe disease: Tongue weakness: A new clinical observation

Introduction: Following the clinical observation of lingual weakness in 2 patients with late‐onset Pompe disease (LOPD), tongue strength was assessed in 19 consecutive patients to determine the frequency and severity of this neurological sign. Methods: Lingual strength was assessed using manual muscle testing; if weakness was present, severity was established as mild, moderate, or severe. Results: All the patients exhibited lingual weakness, even 2 asymptomatic patients with a positive family history. Weakness was mild in 12 (63%), moderate in 6 (32%), and severe in 1 (5%). Dysarthria and/or dysphagia were observed or reported in 7 of 19 (37%) patients. Conclusions: Lingual weakness may be present as an axial sign of LOPD, even relatively early in the disease course, and may contribute to the differential diagnosis of this now treatable condition. Dysphagia and/or dysarthria may also occur. This finding further expands the phenotype of LOPD. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Magnesium-Gadolinium and Magnesium-Gadolinium-Yttrium Alloys.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium-gadolinium and magnesium-gadolinium-yttrium alloys have been studied. There are extended magnesium solid solution areas in the systems narrowing as temperature lowers. The decomposition of the magnesium supersaturated solid solutions results in significant strengthening of the alloys. The alloys have good mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures combined with low density
e-Science and its implications for the library community

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to explain the nature of the “e‐Science’ revolution in twenty‐first century scientific research and its consequences for the library community.Design/methodology/approach – The concepts of e‐Science are illustrated by a discussion of the CombeChem, eBank and SmartTea projects. The issue of open access is then discussed with reference to arXiv, PubMed Central and EPrints. The challenges these trends present to the library community are discussed in the context of the TARDis project and the University of Southampton Research Repository.Findings – Increasingly academics will need to collaborate in multidisciplinary teams distributed across several sites in order to address the next generation of scientific problems. In addition, new high‐throughput devices, high‐resolution surveys and sensor networks will result in an increase in scientific data collected by several orders of magnitude. To analyze, federate and mine this data will require collaboration between scienti.