Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peripheral neurons and Schwann cells secrete plasminogen activator

The secretion of the protease plasminogen activator (PA) by cells of developing peripheral nerve was demonstrated. Fetal and early postnatal dorsal root ganglia were established in culture as explants or as individual neurons and Schwann cells. A fibrin overlay assay was used to visualize the locations of PA secretion. Fibrinolytic zones formed around the somata of explants and were skewed in the direction of maximal fiber outgrowth. Individual growth cones at the tips of long fasiculated fiber bundles also released PA. Approximately 50% of individual neurons showed PA secretion; especially pronounced release occurred at some growth cones. Culture of nerve growth factor- independent adult neurons showed that PA expression was independent of effects of this growth hormone. A subpopulation of Schwann cells was also active in PA secretion, which could be detected at the soma, at the bipolar processes, or along the entire cell length. Possible functions of neural PA in development and regeneration are discussed.
Online Physical Activity Information: Will Typical Users Find Quality Information?

This study evaluated physical activity Web sites to determine quality, accuracy, and consistency with principles of the extended parallel process model (EPPM). Three keyword searches were conducted using 4 search engines to find a sample of N = 41 Web sites. Three raters evaluated the Web sites using the JAMA benchmarks to assess quality and American College of Sports Medicine and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for physical activity to determine accuracy, as well as checking for inclusion of EPPM variables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance with least squares means. Only 22% of the sites were high quality, none were highly accurate, and most were consistent with the EPPM. Quality ratings were weakly associated with accuracy. Educational and . net sites were rated significantly higher in quality and accuracy, and government sites were most consistent with the EPPM. Quality Web sites were more often found by using Yahoo and Google. “Exercise” yielded more accurate results, whereas “physical activity” and “fitness” produced more Web sites consistent with the EPPM. It is encouraging that most sites incorporated EPPM concepts; however, quality and accuracy were poor, leaving physical activity information seekers at risk for disease and injury.
Individual differences associated with cardiac defence response: psychophysiological and personality variables

El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las diferencias individuales asociadas a los componentes cardiacos del reflejo de defensa. 144 sujetos realizaron una prueba de reactividad psicofisiologica. Durante la prueba se recogieron diversas medidas psicofisiologicas (tasa cardiaca, amplitud del pulso digital, amplitud y periodo respiratorio, y amplitud de la arritmia sinusal respiratoria) y de autoinforme (reactividad subjetiva a los sonidos, ansiedad, ira y patron tipo-A). Encontramos que: (a) un analisis de cluster, aplicado a los cambios en la tasa cardiaca, diferencio dos grupos de sujetos, uno que presentaba el patron tipico de la respuesta cardiaca de defensa y otro que no; (b) un analisis discriminante indico que la variable que mejor discrimina a los dos grupos es la amplitud de la arritmia sinusal.
Homology Analysis of Pathogenic Yersinia : Yersinia enterocolitica , 1 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis , and Yersinia pestis based on Multilocus 2 Sequence Typing

1 ∗ Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, 155 Changbai Road Changping District 102206, Beiing, People’s Republic of China. Phone: 8610 58900758. Fax: 8610-58900070. E-mail: wangxin@icdc.cn, jinghuaiqi@icdc.cn a R. D. , J. L. , G. S. , Z. C. , R. H. and P. W. , Contributed equally to this study. JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 16 October 2013 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/JCM.02185-13 Copyright © 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Investigation of the relationship between organizational health and organizational commitment with positive attitude toward change among primary school principals of Tehran city

The present research aims at determining the relationship between organizational health and organizational commitment with positive view toward organizational change. Participants of the study include all principals of Tehran primary schools among which 386 teachers were selected by stratified sampling. Allen and Myer organizational health questionnaire was used to measure organizational commitment including emotional commitment, constant commitment and normative commitment and every dimension has 8 questions. To measure positive attitude, school organizational health questionnaire was used including institutional, official and technical dimensions. To measure the attitude toward organizational change, Donham questionnaire was used including 18 questions. This questionnaire has emotional, cognitive and behavioral indices and each index has 6 questions. Statistical analyses in this study include Pearson correlation, multi-variable regression (stepwise). The results showed that there is a relationship between organizational health and the attitude toward change among head teachers of Tehran primary schools. There is a relationship between sub-scales of organizational health and positive attitude toward change among head teachers of Tehran primary schools. A relationship also was found between organizational commitment and the attitude toward change among head teachers of Tehran primary schools. Finally there is a relationship between sub-scales of organizational commitment and sub-scales of attitude toward change among head teachers of Tehran primary schools. Generally it is concluded that there is a positive relationship between organizational health and organizational commitment with attitude toward change among principals.
Temporal Trends in Asthma Mortality over 30 Years

Background. Bronchial asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is limited availability of updated information on asthma mortality trends. In this context, further investigation of asthma mortality trends is necessary. Objective. We aimed to assess trends in asthma mortality trends in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (over 7 million inhabitants), Spain, during the period 1975–2005. Method. Official population estimates and data on asthma deaths were obtained from official authorities. Crude and age-adjusted death rates for different age and gender groups were calculated. Joinpoint regression analysis was used for trend analysis. Results. Age-adjusted death rates for asthma have fallen 2.9% for females and 7.7% for males from 1975 to 2005. This trend has not been constant but has varied during the study period. After a non-significant increase from 1975 to 1981 (4.5% for females and 3.8% for males), adjusted asthma mortality rates have been declining 3.7% for females and 9.6% for males (both p values < 0.05) since 1981. Age-group analysis revealed that the downturn in asthma mortality rates occurred in all age groups above 45 years for males and 35 years for females. Conclusions. During the last decades, significant variation in asthma mortality was found in Andalusia. This variation has not been constant during the study period. Currently, the decreasing trend initiated in 1981 continues.
miR-142-3p as a biomarker of blastocyst implantation failure - A pilot study

Objective This study aims to find whether microRNAs (miRNAs) detected in the culture medium of embryos produced in vitro could be potential biomarkers of embryo implantation. Methods Culture media samples from 36 embryos, derived from patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in a private university-affiliated IVF center, were collected between January/2015 and November/2015. Samples were collected on day three and embryo transfers were performed on day five and all embryos reached the blastocyst stage. Samples were split into groups according to the embryo implantation result: Positive-Implantation-Group (n=18) or Negative-Implantation-Group (n=18). For the first analysis, samples were pooled in three sets for each group (6-7 spent media per pool). MicroRNAs were extracted from spent media and cDNA was synthesized. C. elegans miR-39 was used as RNA spike-in to normalize the gene expression analysis. The expression of microRNAs into the spent media from the Positive-Implantation-Group was compared with those from the Negative-Implantation-Group. A set of seven miRNAs (miR-21, miR-142-3p, miR-19b, miR-92a, miR-20b, miR-125a and miR148a) selected according with the literature, was tested. To check whether miRNAs could be detected in individual samples of culture media, in a second analysis, ten more samples were tested for miR-21 and miR-142-3p. Results From the sevens tested miRNAs, a significant increased expression of miR-142-3p could be noted in the Negative-Implantation-Group (P<0.001). For other three miRNAs (miR-21, miR-19b and miR-92a) a difference in expression was observed, however it did not reach a statistical significance. In addition, when ten non-redundant samples were tested to check if miRNAs could be detected in individual samples of culture media, the highly specific amplification of mature miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, could be noted. Conclusion Our findings suggest that miR-142-3p, previously described as a tumor suppressor and cell cycle inhibitor, may be a potential biomarker of blastocyst implantation failure. The identification of miRNAs on individual culture medium samples offers unique opportunities for non-invasive early diagnosis of blastocyst implantation.
Environmental Concern Over Time: Evidence from the Longitudinal Analysis of a British Cohort Study from 1991 to 2008*

type="main"> We examined whether and how levels of environmental concern (EC) changed over time in the United Kingdom, from 1991 to 2008–2009, as well as how EC relates to socioeconomic characteristics across this same timeframe. Using item response theory models on the last three sweeps of the British National Child Development Study 1958, we evaluated a measure of EC. Then, using latent growth curve models (LGCMs) we estimated the pattern of change for EC across time. Finally, theoretically relevant sociodemographic characteristics were introduced as covariates into the LGCM. We found a small but significant downfall of the mean level of EC over time, with individual-level values displaying higher dispersion in 2008–2009 against the previous sweeps of data. We also found that political orientation has significant effects on the outcome and on its changes across time. Hypotheses regarding the influence of interest in politics and voting choices on EC are supported. The increasing variance of EC over time warrants further investigation.
Emotional Lexicons: Continuity and Change in the Vocabulary of Feeling 1700-2000

1. Defining Emotions: Concepts and Debates over Three Centuries 2. Topographies of Emotion 3. Showing Emotions, Reading Emotions 4. The 'Origin' of Emotions - Sensitive Humans, Sensitive Animals 5. Healing Emotions 6. Age(ing) with Feeling 7. Felt Distances 8. Social Emotions 9. Civility and Barbarism: Emotions as Criteria of Difference 10. Emotional Knowledge - Modern Developments
Intra-peritoneal prophylactic agents for preventing adhesions and adhesive intestinal obstruction after non-gynaecological abdominal surgery.

BACKGROUND Intra-abdominal adhesions are common and challenge patients, surgeons and other healthcare providers. They are potentially preventable and several agents that act as barriers between adjacent peritoneal surfaces have been evaluated for prophylaxis. Efficacy, judged by systematic reviews, has only been undertaken in gynaecological surgery. OBJECTIVES To determine efficacy and safety of peritoneal adhesion prophylaxis on incidence, distribution and adhesion-related intestinal obstruction after non-gynaecological surgery. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Colorectal Cancer Group specialised register, MEDLINE (1966-2008), and EMBASE (1971-2008) were searched. SELECTION CRITERIA Blinded and non-blinded, randomised and quasi-randomised clinical trials were considered. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors individually conducted the searches and assessed the quality of studies for inclusion which were analysed using the Revman Analyses software 5.0. 0 provided by the Cochrane collaboration. Meta-analysis used a random effects model. MAIN RESULTS Seven randomised trials were eligible; six compared hyaluronic acid/carboxymethyl membrane (HA/CMC) and one 0.5% ferric hyaluronate gel against controls.HA/CMC reduced the incidence of adhesions (OR 0.15 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.43); p=0.0005) with reduced extent (WMD -25.9% (95% CI: -40.56, -11.26); p=0.0005) and severity. There was no reduction of intestinal obstruction needing surgical intervention (odds ratio: 0.84 (95% CI: 0.24, 2.7) with comparable overall morbidity and mortality.The study of 0.5% ferric hyaluronate gel was prematurely terminated and no valid conclusions could be made but there was a higher incidence of overall morbidity (OR 5.04; 95% CI: 1.1, 22.9) and ileus (OR: 9.29; 95% CI: 1.57, 54.77; p=0.01). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is evidence that the use of HA/CMC membrane reduces incidence, extent and severity of adhesions which may, theoretically, have implications in re-operative abdominal surgery. There is no evidence that the incidence of intestinal obstruction or need for operative intervention is reduced. HA/CMC appears to be safe but there may be a risk of leak when wrapped around an anastomoses. HA/CMC may be considered for intra-abdominal, adhesion prophylaxis at a surgeon's discretion and clinical context. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of other agents in abdominal surgery in general. Synergism, using agents which target different aspects of adhesiogenesis, with exploration effectiveness in a wide range of emergency and elective surgery should be considered. Longer term outcomes of recurrent intestinal obstruction and chronic pain, identification of high risk groups of patients with evaluation of cost-effectiveness are required.
Modeling the Role of Relationship Fading and Breakup in Social Network Formation

In social networks of human individuals, social relationships do not necessarily last forever as they can either fade gradually with time, resulting in “link aging,” or terminate abruptly, causing “link deletion,” as even old friendships may cease. In this paper, we study a social network formation model where we introduce several ways by which a link termination takes place. If we adopt the link aging, we get a more modular structure with more homogeneously distributed link weights within communities than when link deletion is used. By investigating distributions and relations of various network characteristics, we find that the empirical findings are better reproduced with the link deletion model. This indicates that link deletion plays a more prominent role in organizing social networks than link aging.
“I Just Gotta Have My Own Space!”: The Bedroom as a Leisure Site for Adolescent Girls

This paper explores the importance of the bedroom as a leisure site for adolescent girls. It builds on an earlier study in which girls rated their bedrooms as the recreational space where they felt least self conscious and most chose to be (James, 1998). The intensely positive way in which most girls described their bedrooms triggered the in-depth follow-up study reported here. Interviews with girls, aged 15–16 years, found their choice of public or private recreational space, at a particular time, was related to whether they desired activities that were shared or solitary, active or passive. One of the factors affecting these choices appeared to be girls' “situational body image,” defined as a modification of their overall body image in relation to a particular audience and place, and the perceived potential for ridicule in that situation. Others were physical factors, such as a need for security and desire for exercise, and control factors, such as a need to control their own space. Whether girls have real or forced choices is questioned. Factors that render many girls invisible from active recreational spaces in our community could affect their physical health and wellbeing, and even their leisure choices in later life.
Routledge Handbook of Applied Sport Psychology: A Comprehensive Guide for Students and Practitioners

The Routledge Handbook of Applied Sport Psychology is a definitive guide to the theory and practice of applied sport psychology. It goes further than any other book in surveying the full variety of issues that practising sport psychologists will confront in their working lives. It introduces the most important tools and skills that psychologists will need to be truly helpful to their clients, and it also adopts a holistic definition of the role of the sport psychologist, explaining how effective counselling, assessment, and therapeutic models can add important extra dimensions to professional practice. The book is divided into seven thematic sections, addressing: * counselling * assessment * theoretical and therapeutic models * issues for the individual athlete, from injury and overtraining to depression * issues for teams, from conflict resolution to travel * working with special populations * mental skills, such as imagery, goal setting, and concentration. Moving beyond the traditional tracks of clinical psychology and performance enhancement, the authors in this book argue convincingly that psychologists would benefit from attempting to understand athletes’ social and familial contexts, their health, happiness, and interpersonal dynamics in the broadest sense, if they are to serve their clients’ best interests. With contributions from many of the world’s leading sport psychologists, and with clear descriptions of best practice in each chapter, the Routledge Handbook of Applied Sport Psychology is essential reading for all serious students and practitioners of sport psychology, counselling, applied sport science, health psychology, and related fields.
Preparation and Characterization of Novel Bionanocomposite Based on Tapioca Starch/Gelatin/Nanorod-rich ZnO: Towards Finding Antimicrobial Coating for Nuts

The effects of zinc oxide nanorod on the barrier, sorption isotherm and antibacterial properties of tapioca starch/bovine gelatin Bionanocomposite films were investigated. The nanorod-rich ZnO (ZnO-N) was homogenized by sonication and incorporated into tapioca starch/bovine gelatin solutions at different concentrations (e.g. 0.5, 2, and 3.5% w/w dried solid). Incorporation of 3.5% of nanoparticles into tapioca starch/bovin gelatin films decreased the permeability to water vapor by 18%. The addition of low concentration ZnO-N to starch/gelatin solutions significantly decreased monolayer water content of the films. ZnO-N tapioca starch/bovin gelatin films exhibited excellent anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results showed that the Bionanocomposite of ZnO-N has the potential to be an active packaging material in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
GABA, glutamate and beyond : in vivo measures and models of neurochemistry and network dynamics in healthy subjects and clinical populations

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, recurrent mood disorder (Kendler, Thornton, & Gardner, 2000; Kumar, Harmer, & Dourish, 2013) with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 16.2% (Kessler et al., 2003) which affects more than 350 million people globally (WHO, 2013). MDD has a complicated and multifarious neuropathology, a result of which is largely ineffective and out-dated pharmacological treatments (Skolnick, 1999). Typical antidepressants are either serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SRI) or tri-cyclic antidepressants (TCA), both of which target the monoamine system (serotonin and/or dopamine). However, research has suggested a myriad of distinct hypotheses for depression through localisation of functionally distinct neuroanatomical structures, identification of neurotransmitter modulation and receptor subunit alterations as well as genetic, environmental and behavioural observations that could all be targets for antidepressant therapy. Alterations of the GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), both post-mortem in-vitro and ante-mortem in-vivo. Evidence from magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies reported lower bulk concentrations of GABA in currently depressed participants as compared with healthy controls, which may reflect a neurobiological pathology, serve as a biomarker, and guide development of new pharmacological therapies. If this area of research is to see translation to a clinical setting, the roles of GABA (and glutamate) in depression need to be fully elucidated. Some of the questions that arise are: Do alterations in GABA concentration reflect state or trait markers of depression? Does the GABA deficit observed in depression reflect ‘functional’ GABA? Does an existing pharmacological compound with antidepressant efficacy act on the GABA system? This thesis addresses these questions primarily utilizing multimodal neuroimaging techniques, along with computational neuronal modelling and pharmacological manipulation.
[Radiofrequency perforation in pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum].

METHODS Four neonates with Pulmonary Atresia and intact Ventricular Septum underwent Radiofrequency Valvotomy in our institution from October 1994 to June 1995. All patients had "membranous" atresia with confluent and normal size pulmonary branches; one of them had abnormal tricuspid tensor apparatus and severe right ventricular outflow tract hypertrophy. The right ventricle was considered of sufficient size to support biventricular circulation in all cases. In three patients the pulmonary arteries were supplied by the arterial duct maintained open with intravenous infusion of Prostaglandins. The other patient had previously undergone a modified left Blalock Taussig shunt in another institution. The cardiac catheterization was performed by the femoral venous and arterial routes, under general anesthesia. After delineating the atretic valve with angiography, a 5 French right Judkins catheter was placed in the right ventricular outflow tract just beneath the membrane. A 2 french radiofrequency catheter (Cerablate PA 120 Osypka) was then passed through the right Judkins; with a mean energy of 5-10 watts over 3-5 seconds the valve was perforated. After a predilation with a 2,5 mm balloon catheter (New Probe USCI or Cobra SCIMED), the valve was dilated with balloon catheters 20 to 30% larger than the anulus (Cristal Balloon BALT). RESULTS In all cases the procedure was successful without any complication; a significant decrease of right ventricular pressure and an excellent antegrade flow across the valve were achieved. Two patients were weaned from prostaglandins by sixth and eighth day after the procedure. The patient with previous Bialock Taussig shunt showed a complete recovery of the right ventricle, but four months later underwent surgery for shunt closure and enlargement of the left pulmonary branch. These three patients are well at latest follow-up (5-10 months), with normal biventricular circulation. The other patient remained duct-dependent and was operated on of outflow patch and shunt nine days after the procedure, with good result; he unfortunately died the tenth postoperative day for complications of hemopericardium related to epicardial wires removal. CONCLUSIONS In our opinion radiofrequency valvotomy is the first choice procedure in cases suitable for biventricular repair. In selected patients it may represent a definitive treatment.