Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A COMPARISON OF INTERTEACHING AND LECTURES: DOES THE QUALITY OF INTERTEACHING MATTER?

v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. vii DEDICATION. viii LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF FIGURES . x INTRODUCTION . 1 Overview . 1 Personalized System of Instruction . 1 Precision Teaching . 5 Reciprocal Peer Tutoring.7 Interteaching . 12 Purpose of Present Study.18 METHODS . 21 Subjects . 21 Materials . 21 Procedure.22 Data Analysis.25 RESULTS . 29 Test Grades.29 Examination Grades . 32 Tacting.39
Role of intron splicing in the function of the MATa1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The MATa1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is unique in yeast cells in that it contains two short intervening sequences (IVS1 and IVS2) 54 and 51 nucleotides long. The 3' intron is inefficiently spliced and results in the accumulation of transcript with only the first intron removed, leading to the speculation that the gene may produce different protein products by alternative splicing patterns. We have used in vitro mutagenic techniques to construct intronless MATa1 genes and have introduced point substitutions in the 5'-TACTAAC-3' internal conserved sequence of each intron to identify the protein product that is required for repression of haploid-specific genes. Analysis of these constructs for the ability to repress expression of an HO::lacZ fusion and for the ability to allow diploid cells to undergo sporulation during conditions of starvation revealed that the gene is functional with two, one, or no introns and that the only functional protein is the one produced when both introns are spliced from the mRNA.
Effects of Using Mobile Devices on English Listening Diversity and Speaking for EFL Elementary Students.

This study designed learning activities supported by a mobile learning system for students to develop listening and speaking skills in English as a foreign language (EFL). How students perceive learning activities and a mobile learning system were examined in this study. Additionally, how different practices relate to students’ language proficiency was also explored. It was found that students had positive perceptions and intentions toward learning activities; thus, students were motivated to practice English skills more when using a mobile learning system. The results demonstrated how students’ speaking and listening skills practices using mobile devices had different correlations depending on their proficiency levels. For example, listening diversity, defined as the number of other classmates a student listened to, was found to have an inverse correlation with speaking and listening proficiency. This finding does not support previous research and indicates that students who carefully selected their listening partners performed better than those who did not. It was further found that the better students performed in English learning, the fewer partners they would choose. EFL instructors can use the insights of this study to design more effective language learning activities for students using mobile devices.
Depletion of bromadiolone in tissues of hogs following oral exposure

Materials and methods: Two groups of barrows and two groups of gilts were given a single oral dose of bromadiolone: low dosage (LD, 0.05 mg/kg; n = 20; 10 males, 10 females) and high dose (HD, 0.5 mg/kg; n = 20; 10 males, 10 females). Coagulation parameters were assessed before and after administration. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 weeks (LD) and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 weeks (HD) post dosing. Loin muscle, skin-adherent fat, liver, feces, and blood were analyzed for bromadiolone using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Source-Reconstruction of Event-Related Fields Reveals Hyperfunction and Hypofunction of Cortical Circuits in Antipsychotic-Naive, First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients during Mooney Face Processing

Schizophrenia is characterized by dysfunctions in neural circuits that can be investigated with electrophysiological methods, such as EEG and MEG. In the present human study, we examined event-related fields (ERFs), in a sample of medication-naive, first-episode schizophrenia (FE-ScZ) patients (n = 14) and healthy control participants (n = 17) during perception of Mooney faces to investigate the integrity of neuromagnetic responses and their experience-dependent modification. ERF responses were analyzed for M100, M170, and M250 components at the sensor and source levels. In addition, we analyzed peak latency and adaptation effects due to stimulus repetition. FE-ScZ patients were characterized by significantly impaired sensory processing, as indicated by a reduced discrimination index (A′). At the sensor level, M100 and M170 responses in FE-ScZ were within the normal range, whereas the M250 response was impaired. However, source localization revealed widespread elevated activity for M100 and M170 in FE-ScZ and delayed peak latencies for the M100 and M250 responses. In addition, M170 source activity in FE-ScZ was not modulated by stimulus repetitions. The present findings suggest that neural circuits in FE-ScZ may be characterized by a disturbed balance between excitation and inhibition that could lead to a failure to gate information flow and abnormal spreading of activity, which is compatible with dysfunctional glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Dissonance Arousal and Persistence in Attitude Change

If dissonance theory rightly predicts short-term attitude changes, it has yet to prove its ability to predict long-term changes. Therefore, this paper will try to assess the persistence in attitude change following dissonance arousal in an induced-compliance paradigm. To this end, undergraduate students took part in two induced-compliance experiments (N = 52 in Study 1 and N = 40 in Study 2) following a 2 (free choice vs. no choice) X 2 (time of measure: short vs. long term) mixed design. The attitude change was measured immediately after the counterattitudinal essay and one month later. The results suggest that dissonance-provoked attitude change is durable over time. In fact, only the participants in the free-choice condition changed their attitude in the short term; their attitude change persisted one month after the experimental situation.
PRESERVICE MENTAL RETARDATION EDUCATION TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS FIELD

This study examined the experiences and perceptions of the preservice teachers of students with mental retardation doing internship at a school where students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) received education. Phenomenological design was used, and Teacher Training Program in Mental Retardation Special Education Department intern students participated in the study. Data, interviews, and metaphors were collected and analyzed through inductive technique. Research findings were presented based on the following themes: The difficulties of working in the field of ASD; the positive aspects of working in this field; vocational career in this field; metaphors related to ASD; metaphors related to working in this field; suggestions concerning the field of ASD. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature.
Connecting the dots in visual analysis

During visual analysis, users must often connect insights discovered at various points of time. This process is often called “connecting the dots. ” When analysts interactively explore complex datasets over multiple sessions, they may uncover a large number of findings. As a result, it is often difficult for them to recall the past insights, views and concepts that are most relevant to their current line of inquiry. This challenge is even more difficult during collaborative analysis tasks where they need to find connections between their own discoveries and insights found by others. In this paper, we describe a context-based retrieval algorithm to identify notes, views and concepts from users' past analyses that are most relevant to a view or a note based on their line of inquiry. We then describe a related notes recommendation feature that surfaces the most relevant items to the user as they work based on this algorithm. We have implemented this recommendation feature in HARVEST, a web based visual analytic system. We evaluate the related notes recommendation feature of HARVEST through a case study and discuss the implications of our approach.
Mental disorder and long-term risk of mortality: 41 years of follow-up of a population sample in Stockholm, Sweden

Background. An increased mortality risk associated with mental disorder has been reported for patients, but there are few studies are based on random samples with interview-based psychiatric diagnoses. Part of the increased mortality for those with mental disorder may be attributable to worse somatic health or hazardous health behaviour – consequences of the disorder – but somatic health information is commonly lacking in psychiatric samples. This study aims to examine long-term mortality risk for psychiatric diagnoses in a general population sample and to assess mediation by somatic ill health and hazardous health behaviour. Method. We used a double-phase stratified random sample of individuals aged 18–65 in Stockholm County 1970–1971 linked to vital records. First phase sample was 32 186 individuals screened with postal questionnaire and second phase was 1896 individuals (920 men and 976 women) that participated in a full-day examination (participation rate 88%). Baseline examination included both a semi-structured interview with a psychiatrist, with mental disorders set according to the 8th version of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-8), and clinical somatic examination, including measures of body composition (BMI), hypertension, fasting blood glucose, pulmonary function and self-reported tobacco smoking. Information on vital status was obtained from the Total Population Register for the years 1970–2011. Associations with mortality were studied with Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results. A total of 883 deaths occurred among the participants during the 41-year follow-up. Increased mortality rates were found for ICD-8 functional psychoses (hazard ratio, HR = 2.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.15–4.30); psycho-organic symptoms (HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.31–2.87); depressive neuroses (HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23–2.39); alcohol use disorder (HR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.40–2.61); drug dependence (HR = 3.71, 95% CI: 1.80–7.65) and psychopathy (HR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.02–8.16). Non-participants (n = 349) had mortality rates similar to participants (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.81–1.18). In subgroup analyses of those with psychoses, depression or alcohol use disorder, adjusting for the potential mediators smoking and pulmonary function, showed only slight changes in the HRs. Conclusions. This study confirms the increased risk of mortality for several psychiatric diagnoses in follow-up studies on American, Finnish and Swedish population-based samples. Only a small part of the increased mortality hazard was attributable to differences in somatic health or hazardous health behaviour measured at baseline.
Moving From the Old to the New: Research on Reading Comprehension Instruction

This article is an attempt to integrate findings from research about comprehension processes, comprehension strategies, and teaching strategies in order to inform instructional practice in reading comprehension. The article begins with a discussion of traditional views about reading and how those views have shaped the current comprehension curriculum in American schools. A view of comprehension based on recent models of the reading process is presented next as a basis for reconceptualizing the comprehension curriculum as a set of five effective comprehension strategies. From research on teaching comes a foundation for establishing a new view of instruction, one that focuses on the negotiation of meaning among students and teachers through teachers’ instructional actions. Instructional recommendations, based on the research synthesized in this article, and questions for future research bring the article to a close.
Macrophages in Tumor Microenvironments and the Progression of Tumors

Macrophages are widely distributed innate immune cells that play indispensable roles in the innate and adaptive immune response to pathogens and in-tissue homeostasis. Macrophages can be activated by a variety of stimuli and polarized to functionally different phenotypes. Two distinct subsets of macrophages have been proposed, including classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. M1 macrophages express a series of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and effector molecules, such as IL-12, IL-23, TNF-α, iNOS and MHCI/II. In contrast, M2 macrophages express a wide array of anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IL-10, TGF-β, and arginase1. In most tumors, the infiltrated macrophages are considered to be of the M2 phenotype, which provides an immunosuppressive microenvironment for tumor growth. Furthermore, tumor-associated macrophages secrete many cytokines, chemokines, and proteases, which promote tumor angiogenesis, growth, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Recently, it was also found that tumor-associated macrophages interact with cancer stem cells. This interaction leads to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. So mediating macrophage to resist tumors is considered to be potential therapy.
The influence of procedural variables on the efficacy of mental practice.

Despite evidence that mental practice (MP) improves performance (Feltz & Landers, 1983), the parameters that define the MP period have not been systematically examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the order of presentation of MP and physical practice (PP) and of the duration of MP on subsequent performance. Subjects (N = 153) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 groups that consisted of a control group (3-min PP) and 8 groups composed of either 1-, 3-, 5-, or 7-min MP, with 3-min PP. 4 of these groups performed MP first and the other 4 performed PP first. Subjects performed a 3-min basketball shooting task for Trial 1, practiced, performed Trial 2, practiced, and performed Trial 3. Results indicated that the order of presentation of MP and PP significantly impacted performance, such that groups who received MP first improved more than did PP-first groups. The duration of the MP period also impacted performance, such that groups who received 1 min or 3 min of MP improved more than.
Does Risk-Neutral Skewness Predict the Cross-Section of Equity Option Portfolio Returns?

Abstract We investigate the pricing of risk-neutral skewness in the stock options market by creating skewness assets comprised of two option positions (one long and one short) and a position in the underlying stock. The assets are created such that exposure to changes in the underlying stock price (delta), and exposure to changes in implied volatility (vega) are removed, isolating the effect of skewness. We find a strong negative relation between risk-neutral skewness and the skewness asset returns, consistent with a positive skewness preference. The returns are not explained by well-known market, size, book-to-market, momentum, short-term reversal, volatility, or option market factors.
Using Athletes as Role Models? Conceptual and Empirical Perspectives from a Sample of Elite Women Soccer Players

Although popular discourse claims that elite female athletes serve as effective role models for a broad set of characteristics, theoretical and empirical perspectives on athletes as role models are sparse and somewhat inconsistent. In exploratory research designed to clarify conceptualizations of athletes as role models by asking for the athlete's own perspectives, we surveyed 39 elite women soccer players in the USA. Drawing primarily on open-ended responses, we found that the players did articulate a consistent cultural script for the characteristics of a role model and felt comfortable with their role-model status. Interestingly, however, that script was not as focused on the athletic prowess that made the players public figures. Instead, the players focused on role models as characterized by meritocratic personality traits (such as being disciplined and hard working) and interpersonal abilities (such as being caring and generous). We discuss implications for those interested in promoting, working with, and studying athletes as role models.
One Step forward: Benthic Pelagic Coupling and Indicators for Environmental Status

A large data set from the Eastern Mediterranean was analyzed to explore the relationship between seawater column variables and benthic community status. Our results showed a strong quantitative link between the seawater column variables (Chlorophyll a and Eutrophication Index) and various indicators describing benthic diversity and community composition. The percentage of benthic opportunistic species increased significantly in the stations with high trophic status of the seawater column and so did the strength of the coupling between values of seawater column and benthic indicators. The Eutrophication Index threshold level of 0.85, separating the “Bad and Poor” from “Moderate to High” conditions could serve as an acceptable critical value above which there is a readily observable change in benthic community composition.
Temporal Navigation in Dynamic Networks

We present GraphDiaries, an interface for temporal navigation in networks changing their topology over time. Navigation along time is necessary for the exploration of states of the network at different time points but in order to explore higher level changes, extended navigation techniques are required. With GraphDiaries we address temporal navigation methods which allow for fast navigation and better understanding of the network's evolution and introduce staged animated transitions with change highlighting between time steps. To that end, we extend conventional node link diagrams with staged transitions and small multiples organized along a timeline, as well as different layout adaption techniques. The design of GraphDiaries is grounded on a taxonomy that we introduce to classify tasks for the exploration of dynamic networks along three dimensions: place, time and network entities. Results of a user study that compared some of the techniques presented in this paper to existing graph navigation interfaces showed that the error rate decreases when exploring high-level changes with our interface. In order to adapt to as many tasks as possible, GraphDiaries is designed as an extension to other graph visualization systems and is independent from particular layout algorithms and other visualization techniques.
GSA-SNP: a general approach for gene set analysis of polymorphisms

Genome-wide association (GWA) study aims to identify the genetic factors associated with the traits of interest. However, the power of GWA analysis has been seriously limited by the enormous number of markers tested. Recently, the gene set analysis (GSA) methods were introduced to GWA studies to address the association of gene sets that share common biological functions. GSA considerably increased the power of association analysis and successfully identified coordinated association patterns of gene sets. There have been several approaches in this direction with some limitations. Here, we present a general approach for GSA in GWA analysis and a stand-alone software GSA-SNP that implements three widely used GSA methods. GSA-SNP provides a fast computation and an easy-to-use interface. The software and test datasets are freely available at http://gsa.muldas. org. We provide an exemplary analysis on adult heights in a Korean population.
Concussion Management Plan Compliance: A Study of NCAA Power 5 Conference Schools

Objective To examine the concussions management protocols (CMPs) from the 65 institutions within the NCAA Power 5 conferences for compliance with the NCAA 2015 concussion guidelines. Design Descriptive Study. Setting N/A. Participants 65 universities of NCAA conferences: Atlantic Coast, Southeastern, Big Ten, Big 12, and Pacific-12 Interventions The 65 publicly-available CMPs were evaluated for compliance with the 47 NCAA rules and guidelines (combined N=3,055). Each CMP was reviewed and graded “yes” or “no” for each recommended or required item and compliance was reported descriptively. Outcome measures Overall compliance rate, mean, item-level, category-level, and institution-level compliance with the 47 items. Each institution’s athletic training staff size, academic performance, and athletic performance were examined as independent predictors with quasi-binomial regression. Main results CMPs varied substantially in length (range: 4-66 pages) and level of detail. The overall compliance rate for all components across all institutions was 94.3% (2,880/3,055). Twelve components achieved 100% institutional (65/65) compliance, and the lowest levels of compliance were clustered in “Return-to-Learn” (RTL). There were 22 institutions that achieved a 100% compliance rate; the lowest institutional compliance was 59.6%. There were no significant associations between the independent predictors and institutional compliance. Conclusions Overall compliance with NCAA concussion management requirements was high, but there remains room for improvement. There was low compliance with RTL as well as limited details provided in the reducing head trauma component. Items with lower compliance (reducing head trauma, return-to-learn) tended to be outside the core competencies of the medical staff, indicating an area for improvement. Competing interests None.
Masked-OFDM: A physical layer encryption for future OFDM applications

Security is an important topic of research for future 4G applications employing OFDM modulation. Physical layer security is an emerging candidate, based on the concept of perfect secrecy. In this paper we present a symmetric key physical layer encryption for OFDM systems, termed Masked-OFDM (MOFDM). The OFDM signal becomes practically undetectable by a potential eavesdropper by being masked in a non-orthogonal FDM signal of approximately the same overall bandwidth. This is equivalent to the transmission of roughly twice as much data as the channel degrees of freedom. For the OFDM symbol, a positive secrecy capacity can be achieved in AWGN even in cases where the wiretap channel has a better SNR than the main channel. The system secrecy capacity due to using a structured helping interferer is higher than compared to using a noise-like mask signal. The proposed scheme does not compromise either the bandwidth efficiency, or the error performance of the OFDM system, at the cost of increased transmission power.