Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Adjustment of Hmong Refugees during Their First Decade in the United States: A Longitudinal Study

Over their first decade in the United States, 100 Hmong refugees were studied on three occasions. Data included demographic characteristics, acculturation skills, traditional affiliations and pastimes, material acquisitions, psychosocial problems, and self-rating scales. In addition to a description of the data changes, a multiple regression analysis was performed. Changes demonstrated considerable evidence of acculturation, psychiatric care seeking, and greatly reduced symptom levels for several symptom complexes. However, a large minority of subjects remain illiterate, unable to speak English, generally involved with other Hmong but not with the majority society, and/or have high symptom levels on self-rating scales. Regarding symptom changes, depression, somatization, phobia, and selfesteem symptoms improved the most with time and acculturation. On the contrary, anxiety, hostility, and paranoid symptoms changed little. Multiple regression analyses indicated that strong traditional ties (e.g., large household size, being an herbal healer), older age, marital problems, and medical complaints were most associated with high symptom levels
Subjective socioeconomic status and adolescent health: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To comprehensively and quantitatively examine the association between subjective socioeconomic status (SES) and health outcomes during adolescence. METHODS Forty-four studies met criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Information on study quality, demographics, subjective SES, health outcomes, and covariates were extracted from each study. Fisher's Z was selected as the common effect size metric across studies. Random-effect meta-analytic models were employed and fail-safe numbers were generated to address publication bias. RESULTS Overall, subjective SES was associated with health during adolescence (Fisher's Z = .10). The magnitude of the effect varied by type of health outcome, with larger effects observed for mental health outcomes, self-rated health, and general health symptoms; and nonsignificant effects observed for biomarkers of health and substance-use-related health behaviors. Of the measures of subjective SES employed in the reviewed studies, perception of financial constraints, was most strongly associated with adolescent health outcomes. Analysis of covariates indicated that inclusion of objective SES covariates did not affect the association between subjective SES and health. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis has implications for the measurement of subjective SES in adolescents, for the conceptualization of subjective and objective SES, and for the pathways between SES and health in adolescents.
The distribution and clinical significance of sleep time misperceptions among insomniacs.

It is well recognized that sleep time misperceptions are common among insomniacs, but little is known about the distribution and clinical significance of these subjective distortions. The current investigation was conducted to examine the distribution of sleep time misperceptions among a large (n = 173), diverse group of insomniacs and to determine if such misperceptions might relate to the patients' clinical characteristics. Consistent with previous studies, our subjects, as a group, produced sleep estimates that were significantly (p < 0.0001) lower than polysomnographically determined sleep times. However, patients' sleep time perceptions were widely distributed across a broad continuum, which ranged between gross underestimates and remarkable overestimates of actual sleep times. Results also showed that subgroups, formed on the basis of presenting complaints and diagnostic criteria (i.e. International Classification of Sleep Disorders nosology), differed in regard to the magnitude and direction of their sleep distortions. Moreover, these differences appeared consistent with the types of objective sleep disturbances these subgroups commonly experience. Hence, the tendency to underestimate actual sleep time is not a generic attribute of all insomniacs. Furthermore, it appears that the accuracy and nature of sleep time perceptions may relate to the type of sleep pathology underlying insomniacs' presenting complaints.
The Buffering Effect of Sibling Relationships on Problems with Peer Experiences and Psychological Functioning in Children with Cognitive Disabilities

This study examined mechanisms by which sibling relationships may buffer the harmful effects of negative peer experiences on the psychological adjustment of children with mental retardation (MR) or learning disabilities (LD). The study broadened existing findings with typically developing children and examined the effects of sibling social competency training on peer experiences and the impact of sibling relationship qualities, including warmth and positivity, supportiveness, conflict, and negativity, on children’s loneliness, internalizing, and delinquent behavior problems. The participants included 100 families with children who were between 8 and 10 years old. The families had a sibling dyad in which the target child had MR (n = 36), an LD (n = 43), or was typically developing (n = 21), while siblings were typically developing. Parents, target children, and siblings completed questionnaires and interviews assessing family and peer relationships. Sibling dyads completed a video-taped interaction. Results indicated that, as predicted, children with an LD or MR experienced significantly lower rates of positive peer experiences and significantly higher rates of negative peer experiences than did typically developing children. They exhibited significantly higher rates of loneliness and internalizing, but not delinquent, behavior problems than typically developing children. There was only partial support for the hypothesized protective effects of siblings on children’s development of adverse peer experiences. In particular, there was an indirect effect of one form of social competency training: social involvement mediated the effect of learning disabilities on adverse peer experiences. As predicted by the buffering hypothesis, emotional supportiveness by siblings moderated the impact of negative peer experiences on children’s internalizing and delinquent behavior problems. In addition, negativity within the sibling relationship moderated the effect of negative peer experiences on children’s internalizing problems while sibling conflict moderated the effect of positive peer experiences on loneliness. There were no significant effects for sibling warmth and positivity. Findings that siblings of children with MR or an LD can buffer some of the harmful effects of adverse peer experiences on psychological well being in specific instances suggest that including siblings in interventions aimed at improving peer experiences and psychological functioning may be relevant under certain circumstances. INDEX WORDS: Siblings, Peers, Mental retardation, Learning disabilities THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS ON PROBLEMS WITH PEER EXPERIENCES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING IN CHILDREN WITH COGNITIVE DISABILITIES
The Politics and Aesthetics of Entrepreneurship: A Fourth Movements in Entrepreneurship Book

Contents:Foreword1. Entrepreneurship as Disruptive EventDaniel Hjorth and Chris SteyaertPART I: ENTREPRENEURIAL POLICIES 2. Freedom, Opportunism, and Entrepreneurialism in Post-Bureaucratic OrganizationsChristian Maravelias Haiku / William B. Gartner3. Fostering a Regional Innovation System - Looking into the Power of Policy-making Caroline Wigren and Leif MelinHaiku / William B. Gartner4. Government Entrepreneurship and the Arts - The Politics of the National Endowment for the ArtsLauretta FrederkingHaiku / William B. GartnerPART II: ENTREPRENEURIAL PLACES5. Opening the Gates to the Art Firm - The Christos as EntrepreneursPierre Guillet de MonthouxHaiku / William B. Gartner6. Spaces of Intensity - Urban Entrepreneurship as Redistribution of the Sensible Timon BeyesHaiku / William B. Gartner7. Rekindling the Entrepreneurial Potential of Family Business - A Radical (Old-fashioned) Feminist ApproachKathryn CampbellHaiku / William B. GartnerPART III: ENTREPRENEURIAL IDENTITIES8. Is Marquis de Sade an Entrepreneur? Campbell Jones and Andre SpicerHaiku / William B. Gartner9. Playing the Fool? - An Aesthetic Performance of an Entrepreneurial IdentityLorraine Warren and Alistair AndersonHaiku / William B. Gartner10. Stigmatization and Self-Presentation in Australian Entrepreneurial Identity FormationJames Reveley and Simon DownHaiku / William B. GartnerPART IV: ENTREPRENEURIAL IMAGES 11. Metamorphoses in Entrepreneurship Studies: Towards an Affirmative Politics of Entrepreneuring Richard Weiskopf and Chris Steyaert12. The Entrepreneurial Utopia: Miss Black Rose and the Holy Communion Bent Meier SA rensen13. Moving Entrepreneurship: An IncipiencyDaniel Hjorth and Chris SteyaertReferencesIndex
Thickness and Competition in Ride-Sharing Markets

We study the effects of thickness and competition on the equilibria of ride-sharing markets, in which price-setting firms provide platforms to match customers ("riders'') and workers ("drivers''). To study thickness, we vary the number of potential workers ("the labor pool'') and, to study competition, we change the number of firms from one to two. When the market is sufficiently thick, wage and workers' average welfare decrease with size of the labor pool. Otherwise, wage and workers' average welfare increase with the labor pool, reversing the prediction by the law of demand. Intuitively, workers are "complements'' in a thin market - their wage and average welfare goes up with the labor pool - but they become "substitutes" and compete with each other in a thick market. <br><br>We demonstrate that a similar insight holds in another context: consider improving the matching technology, i.e. improving the matching algorithm of the firm so that service quality goes up, given the same labor supply. We show that improving the matching technology can be like increasing the labor pool, benefiting workers when the market is not sufficiently thick, while otherwise reducing their wage and average welfare. In other words, matching technology complements labor in a thin market, but substitutes it in a thick market. <br><br>We study competition by comparing the monopoly and duopoly equilibria. We find that competition benefits workers: their wage and average welfare are always higher in the duopoly equilibrium. However, the effect of competition on price and customers' average welfare depends on thickness. When the market is not sufficiently thick, there is an adverse effect of competition on customers: price is higher and customers' average welfare is lower in the duopoly equilibrium.
In Vitro Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastasis by Simultaneously Targeting the MAPK and PI3K Signaling Pathways

Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, with a high propensity to metastasize to the brain. More than 60% of melanomas have the BRAFV600E mutation, which activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [1]. In addition, increased PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathway activity has been demonstrated, through the loss of activity of the tumor suppressor gene, PTEN [2]. Here, we treated two melanoma brain metastasis cell lines, H1_DL2, harboring a BRAFV600E mutation and PTEN loss, and H3, harboring WT (wild-type) BRAF and PTEN loss, with the MAPK (BRAF) inhibitor vemurafenib and the PI3K pathway associated mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus. Combined use of the drugs inhibited tumor cell growth and proliferation in vitro in H1_DL2 cells, compared to single drug treatment. Treatment was less effective in the H3 cells. Furthermore, a strong inhibitory effect on the viability of H1_DL2 cells, when grown as 3D multicellular spheroids, was seen. The treatment inhibited the expression of pERK1/2 and reduced the expression of pAKT and p-mTOR in H1_DL2 cells, confirming that the MAPK and PI3K pathways were inhibited after drug treatment. Microarray experiments followed by principal component analysis (PCA) mapping showed distinct gene clustering after treatment, and cell cycle checkpoint regulators were affected. Global gene analysis indicated that functions related to cell survival and invasion were influenced by combined treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that combined therapy with vemurafenib and temsirolimus is effective on melanoma brain metastasis cells in vitro. The presented results highlight the potential of combined treatment to overcome treatment resistance that may develop after vemurafenib treatment of melanomas.
Long-Term and Short-Term Effects of Hemodialysis on Liver Function Evaluated Using the Galactose Single-Point Test

Aim. The galactose single-point (GSP) test assesses functioning liver mass by measuring the galactose concentration in the blood 1 hour after its administration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of hemodialysis (HD) on short-term and long-term liver function by use of GSP test. Methods. Seventy-four patients on maintenance HD (46 males and 28 females, 60.38 ± 11.86 years) with a mean time on HD of 60.77 ± 48.31 months were studied. The GSP values were compared in two groups: (1) before and after single session HD, and (2) after one year of maintenance HD. Results. Among the 74 HD patient, only the post-HD Cr levels and years on dialysis were significantly correlated with GSP values (r = 0.280, P < 0.05 and r = −0.240, P < 0.05, resp.). 14 of 74 patients were selected for GSP evaluation before and after a single HD session, and the hepatic clearance of galactose was similar (pre-HD 410 ± 254 g/mL, post-HD 439 ± 298 g/mL, P = 0.49). GSP values decreased from 420.20 ± 175.26 g/mL to 383.40 ± 153.97 g/mL after 1 year maintenance HD in other 15 patients (mean difference: 19.00 ± 37.66 g/mL, P < 0.05). Conclusions. Patients on maintenance HD for several years may experience improvement of their liver function. However, a single HD session does not affect liver function significantly as assessed by the GSP test. Since the metabolism of galactose is dependent on liver blood flow and hepatic functional mass, further studies are needed.
Fitness, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Symptoms of Depression, and Cognition in Inactive Overweight Children: Mediation Models

Objectives: We used mediation models to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationships among physical fitness, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), symptoms of depression, and cognitive functioning. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the cohorts involved in the 2003-2006 project PLAY (a trial of the effects of aerobic exercise on health and cognition) and the 2008-2011 SMART study (a trial of the effects of exercise on cognition). A total of 397 inactive overweight children aged 7-11 received a fitness test, standardized cognitive test (Cognitive Assessment System, yielding Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive, and Full Scale scores), and depression questionnaire. Parents completed a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. We used bootstrapped mediation analyses to test whether SDB mediated the relationship between fitness and depression and whether SDB and depression mediated the relationship between fitness and cognition. Results: Fitness was negatively associated with depression (B = –0.041; 95% CI, –0.06 to –0.02) and SDB (B = –0.005; 95% CI, –0.01 to –0.001). SDB was positively associated with depression (B = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.67) after controlling for fitness. The relationship between fitness and depression was mediated by SDB (indirect effect = –0.005; 95% CI, –0.01 to –0.0004). The relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition was independently mediated by SDB (indirect effect = 0.058; 95% CI, 0.004 to 0.13) and depression (indirect effect = –0.071; 95% CI, –0.01 to –0.17). Conclusions: SDB mediates the relationship between fitness and depression, and SDB and depression separately mediate the relationship between fitness and the attention component of cognition.
The IAT shows no evidence for Kandinsky's color-shape associations

In the early twentieth century, the Bauhaus revolutionized art and design by using simple colors and forms. Wassily Kandinsky was especially interested in the relationship of these two visual attributes and postulated a fundamental correspondence between color and form: yellow triangle, red square and blue circle. Subsequent empirical studies used preference judgments to test Kandinsky's original color-form combinations, usually yielding inconsistent results. We have set out to test the validity of these postulated associations by using the Implicit Association Test. Participants pressed one of two buttons on each trial. On some trials they classified shapes (e.g., circle or triangle). On interleaved trials they classified colors (e.g., blue or yellow). Response times should theoretically be faster when the button mapping follows Kandinsky's associations: For example, when the left key is used to report blue or circle and the right is used for yellow and triangle, than when the response mapping is the opposite of this (blue or triangle, yellow or circle). Our findings suggest that there is no implicit association between the original color-form combinations. Of the three combinations we tested, there was only a marginal effect in one case. It can be concluded that the IAT does not support Kandinsky's postulated color-form associations, and that these are probably not a universal property of the visual system.
Expression of the gibbon ape leukemia virus receptor‐1 in rhesus macaque tissues

Abstract: A cDNA fragment specific for the rhesus macaque gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) receptor (Glvr‐1) was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and oligonucleotide primers specific for human Glvr‐1 and a cDNA library derived from rhesus macaque brain. Sequence analysis of the fragment revealed the polypeptide domain necessary for infection by GaLV. This fragment was utilized to elucidate expression levels of Glvr‐1 RNA in rhesus macaque tissues. By Northern blot analysis, Glvr‐1 RNA is most abundantly expressed in the thymus and bone marrow, with detectable levels also in the brain and testes of juvenile male macaques. In the developing 70‐days gestation fetus, Glvr‐1 expression was observed predominately in the liver and spleen. Although additional studies are required, these studies support the notion that cell types involved in hematopoiesis express Glvr‐1.
Anaerobic Methanotrophic Archaea of the ANME-2d Cluster Are Active in a Low-sulfate, Iron-rich Freshwater Sediment

ANaerobic MEthanotrophic (ANME) archaea remove the greenhouse gas methane from anoxic environments and diminish its flux to the atmosphere. High methane removal efficiencies are well documented in marine environments, whereas anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) was only recently indicated as an important methane sink in freshwater systems. Freshwater AOM-mediating microorganisms lack taxonomic identification and only little is known about metabolic adaptions to prevailing biogeochemical conditions. One of the first study sites providing information about AOM activity in freshwater sediment is Lake Ørn, a low-sulfate, iron-rich Danish lake. With the aim to identify freshwater AOM-mediating archaea, we incubated AOM-active anoxic, nitrate-free freshwater sediment from Lake Ørn with 13C-labeled methane (13CCH4) and 13C-labeled bicarbonate (13CDIC) and followed the assimilation of 13C into RNA by stable isotope probing. While AOM was active, 13CCH4 and probably also 13CDIC were incorporated into uncultured archaea of the Methanosarcinales-related cluster ANME-2d, whereas other known ANME lineages were not detected. This finding strongly suggests that ANME-2d archaea perform AOM coupled to sulfate and/or iron reduction and may have the capability of mixed assimilation of CH4 and DIC. ANME-2d archaea may thus play an important role in controlling methane emissions from nitrate-depleted and low-sulfate freshwater systems.
French–Dutch bilinguals do not maintain obligatory semantic distinctions: Evidence from placement verbs*

It is often said that bilinguals are not the sum of two monolinguals but that bilingual systems represent a third pattern. This study explores the exact nature of this pattern. We ask whether there is evidence of a merged system when one language makes an obligatory distinction that the other one does not, namely in the case of placement verbs in French and Dutch, and whether such a merged system is realised as a more general or a more specific system. The results show that in elicited descriptions Belgian French–Dutch bilinguals do not maintain two distinct categories in one of the languages, resulting in a more general semantic system in comparison with the non-contact variety. They do not uphold the obligatory distinction in the verb nor elsewhere despite its communicative relevance. This raises important questions regarding how widespread these differences are and what drives these patterns.
Merkel cell polyomavirus recruits MYCL to the EP400 complex to promote oncogenesis

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) frequently contains integrated copies of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA that express a truncated form of Large T antigen (LT) and an intact Small T antigen (ST). While LT binds RB and inactivates its tumor suppressor function, it is less clear how ST contributes to MCC tumorigenesis. Here we show that ST binds specifically to the MYC homolog MYCL (L-MYC) and recruits it to the 15-component EP400 histone acetyltransferase and chromatin remodeling complex. We performed a large-scale immunoprecipitation for ST and identified co-precipitating proteins by mass spectrometry. In addition to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) subunits, we identified MYCL and its heterodimeric partner MAX plus the EP400 complex. Immunoprecipitation for MAX and EP400 complex components confirmed their association with ST. We determined that the ST-MYCL-EP400 complex binds together to specific gene promoters and activates their expression by integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-seq. MYCL and EP400 were required for maintenance of cell viability and cooperated with ST to promote gene expression in MCC cell lines. A genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen confirmed the requirement for MYCL and EP400 in MCPyV-positive MCC cell lines. We demonstrate that ST can activate gene expression in a EP400 and MYCL dependent manner and this activity contributes to cellular transformation and generation of induced pluripotent stem cells.
Face Detection Algorithm based on Skin Detection, Watershed Method and Gabor Filters

face detection has been intensively studied for human-related recognition systems. To build fully automated systems that analyze the information contained in face images, robust and efficient face detection algorithms are required. In this paper, a new face detection algorithm is proposed. This speedy and robust solution developed, on the one hand is based on the segmentation of the color image to skin regions using a new approach to detect the pixels of the skin and the water shed segmentation method. On the other hand, using Gabor filters, combined with a proposed model of face, skin regions are classified into two classes: face and non-face. The integration of these tools in our algorithm permits to develop a face detector with very reasonable and efficient performances. Experimental results show that the method mentioned in this paper can achieve high detection rates and low false positives. To evaluate the detection speed of proposed algorithm, a comparison with a recent known algorithm is made too. Keywordsface detection, Skin detection, Watershed technique, Gabor filters.