Effect of Different Sowing Time on Seed Vigour Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties

The experiment was conducted at, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad during, 2017-18. For this study different wheat varieties were sown on different time. First sowing was done as early sowing on 15 November and second sowing on 30 November for evaluating whether sowing affect seed vigor parameters. In this study twelve wheat varieties after harvesting were studied under laboratory condition. Seed quality parameters such as test weight (g), seed moisture content (%), germination percent (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling length (cm), seedling fresh weight (g), seedling dry weight (g), vigour index I & II were considered for evaluating seed vigor. Study showed that varieties sown early performed better than medium sown wheat varieties in terms of Test weight, germination per cent, Seedling fresh weight, seedling length and vigor indices I & II. On the basis of 12 early sown wheat varieties, Super-252 showed maximum vigour index-I (2427.95), where as Super-303 showed high vigour index-II (17.80). In medium sown wheat varieties Lokman showed high vigour index-I (2280.70) and vigour index-II(19.36). Key word: Wheat varieties, Seed quality, Seed vigour Research Article Cite this article: Ali, N. , Dayal, A. , Thomas, N. , Lal, G.M. , Gupta, J., Effect of Different Sowing Time on Seed Vigour Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties, Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 6(2): 15321538 (2018). doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.18782/2320-7051.6627 Ali et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 6 (2): 1532-1538 (2018) ISSN: 2320 – 7051 Copyright © March-April, 2018; IJPAB 1533 Wheat has good nutrition profile with 12.1 percent protein, 1.8 percent lipids, 1.8 percent ash, 2.0 percent reducing sugars, 6.7 percent pentose’s, 59.2 percent starch, 70 percent total carbohydrates and provides 314 Cal/100 g of food. It is also a good source of minerals and vitamins viz., calcium (37 mg/100g), iron (4.1mg/100g), thiamine (0.45mg/100g), riboflavin (0.13mg/100g), and nicotinic acid (5.4mg/100g) 26 . Wheat is grown in world on an area of about 222 million hectares with a production of 730 million tones and productivity of 32.9 quintal/hectare. Wheat is grown in India on an area of about 302.27 lakh hectares with a production of 93.50 million tones and productivity of 30.93 quintal/hectare, In Uttar Pradesh wheat is grown on an area of about 9.65 million hectares with production of 26.87 million tones and productivity of 27.86 quintal/hectare (Directorate of Economics and Statics, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, 2015-16). Seed vigour is the sum of those properties that determine the activity and performance of seed lots of acceptable germination in a wide range of environments, a vigorous seed lot is one that is potentially able to perform well under environmental conditions which are not optimal for the species 8 . Seed vigour might be considered as a potential for seedling establishment in the field and the same idea was supported by various seed technologists 14 . Those new approaches and the comments from 24 constituted the foundation for the current concepts of seed vigour. Seed vigour determines the potential for rapid, uniform emergence, and development of normal seedlings under a wide range of field conditions 3 . Seed vigour, an important component of seed quality, depends on genetic and environmental factors, such as maternal plant nutrition, seed maturity, reserve and seed moisture content1 7,22 . MATERIAL AND METHODS The laboratory experiment for the present investigation entitled with “Effect of different sowing time on seed vigour parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties” was conducted during 2017-18 at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, (U.P.). The laboratory experimental setup was laid out in complete randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications during the 2017-18. Seed vigour parameters of twelve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties were studied.