Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early albumin infusion to infants at risk for respiratory distress

In a randomized prospective study, 100 high-risk infants (selected on the basis of a cord serum protein level of 4·6 g/100 ml or less, gestational age under 37 weeks, birthweight 2500 g or less, and/or arterial pH below 7·25) received 8 ml/kg of either 25% salt-poor albumin or 5% dextrose in water before the age of 2 hours. All infants were then managed supportively with warmth, appropriate oxygen supplementation, isotonic fluid infusion, and close monitoring, without further administration of colloid or hypertonic alkali solutions over the first 4 hours of life. No statistically significant difference was shown between early colloid and early dextrose-water administration for either the incidence of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or the mortality of high-risk infants, suggesting no apparent advantage of albumin over simple glucose-water infusion to hypoproteinaemic newborns shortly after birth. However, among the infants of 28 weeks' gestation or less admitted to the study, 3 of 4 albumin-treated patients survived, while 5 comparable infants in the dextrose-water group died within 12 hours of birth. For the 100 infants taken together there was a significant improvement in morbidity and mortality from previous experience in the same nursery, indicating that prompt supportive care, including early fluid administration, may be instrumental in reducing the incidence and severity of RDS.
I-gel as an alternative to endotracheal tube in adult laparoscopic surgeries: A comparative study

Background: The tracheal tube is always considered to be the gold standard for laparoscopic surgeries. As conventional laryngoscopy guided endotracheal intubation evokes significant hypertension and tachycardia, we have used I-gel, second generation extraglottic airway device, in an attempt to overcome these drawbacks. We conducted this study to compare haemodynamic changes during insertion, efficacy of ventilation, and complications with the use of I-gel when compared with endotracheal tube (ETT) in laparoscopic surgeries. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status I and II adult patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries were randomly allocated to one of the two groups of 30 patients each: Group-A (I-gel) in which patients airway was secured with appropriate sized I-gel, and Group-B (ETT) in which patients airway was secured with laryngoscopy - guided endotracheal intubation. Ease, attempts and time for insertion of airway device, haemodynamic and ventilatory parameters at different time intervals, and attempts for gastric tube insertion, and perioperative complications were recorded. Results: There was significant rise in pulse rate and mean blood pressure during insertion with use of ETT when compared to I-gel. Furthermore, time required for I-gel insertion was significantly less when compared with ETT. However ease and attempts for airway device insertion, attempts for gastric tube insertion and efficacy of ventilation were comparable between two groups. Conclusion: We concluded that I-gel requires less time for insertion with minimal haemodynamic changes when compared to ETT. I-gel also provides adequate positive-pressure ventilation, comparable with ETT. Hence I-gel can be a safe and suitable alternative to ETT for laparoscopic surgeries.
Cultivation of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells on Topographical Substrates to Mimic the Human Corneal Endothelium

Human corneal endothelial cells have a limited ability to replicate in vivo and in vitro. Allograft transplantation becomes necessary when an accident or trauma results in excessive cell loss. The reconstruction of the cornea endothelium using autologous cell sources is a promising alternative option for therapeutic or in vitro drug testing applications. The native corneal endothelium rests on the Descemet’s membrane, which has nanotopographies of fibers and pores. The use of synthetic topographies mimics the native environment, and it is hypothesized that this can direct the behavior and growth of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) to resemble the corneal endothelium. In this study, HMVECs are cultivated on substrates with micron and nano-scaled pillar and well topographies. Closely packed HMVEC monolayers with polygonal cells and well-developed tight junctions were formed on the topographical substrates. Sodium/potassium (Na+/K+) adenine triphosphatase (ATPase) expression was enhanced on the microwells substrate, which also promotes microvilli formation, while more hexagonal-like cells are found on the micropillars samples. The data obtained suggests that the use of optimized surface patterning, in particular, the microtopographies, can induce HMVECs to adopt a more corneal endothelium-like morphology with similar barrier and pump functions. The mechanism involved in cell contact guidance by the specific topographical features will be of interest for future studies.
Study of Drug-Drug Interactions in Prescriptions of General Practitioners and Specialists in Iran 2007-2009

Prescriptions written by general practitioners and medical specialists were studied and compared to determine the type, time of onset and clinical importance of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in an attempt to reduce further complications. In 2007, 28, 956, 638 prescriptions and 15, 610, 912 prescriptions in 2008 were filled by pharmacies affiliated with medical science universities. These prescriptions, prescribed by physicians from 33 Iranian medical universities nationwide were then evaluated with a prescription processing software named Pardazesh Nosakh. After processing and analyzing the data, DDIs were discovered in 14 different medical specialists consisting of internists, cardiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, general surgeons, infectious diseases, urologists, dermatologists, ENT, ophthalmologists, orthopedists, and pediatrician. The results were then analyzed through methods applied in the book of Drug Interaction Facts. The results revealed that in 2007-2008, 0.77% of prescriptions had DDIs out of which 0.67% were with significant clinical importance. The percentage of interactions with significant clinical importance was higher in prescriptions of medical specialists and of those, cardiologists and internists ranked top on the list, while dermatologists ranked the lowest. The most common interacting combination prescribed was digoxin and furosmide in 2007-2008, and captopril and triamteren in 2008-2009. Moreover, this study showed that polypharmacy was an important factor which led to DDIs. Drug interactions were common among outpatients prescribed multiple medications and the rate of DDIs increased with the number of drugs prescribed. It is our opinion that by being up-to-date on drug information and participating in related educational classes and workshops, physicians can increase the chances of choosing the correct drug treatment and hence significantly decrease possible DDIs side effects.
Control of neutral point and flying capacitor voltages in five-level SHE-PWM controlled ANPC converter

This paper presents a control strategy for a five-level active neutral point clamped (ANPC) converter using selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (SHE-PWM) method. The control strategy is used to balance both the voltage across the flying capacitors and the dc-link neutral point. The strategy introduces a small change in the switching angles, which is decided upon the voltage across the lower dc-link capacitor, the voltage of the flying capacitor and the direction of the load current. Simulation results generated by MATLAB/SIMULINK are presented to confirm the satisfactory performance of the proposed control strategy. The simulated distribution profile of the semiconductor losses is also reported.
A comparison of pelagic, littoral, and riverine bacterial assemblages in Lake Bangongco, Tibetan Plateau.

Lakes of the Tibetan Plateau lack direct anthropogenic influences, providing pristine high-altitude (> 4000 m) sites to study microbial community structure. We collected samples from the pelagic, littoral, and riverine zones of Lake Bangongco, located on the western side of the Plateau, to characterize bacterial community composition and geochemistry in three distinct, but hydrologically connected aquatic environments during summer. Bacterial community composition differed significantly among zones, with communities changing from riverine zones dominated by Bacteroidetes to littoral and pelagic zones dominated by Gammaproteobacteria. Community composition was strongly related to the geochemical environment, particularly concentrations of major ions and total nitrogen. The dominance of Gammaproteobacteria in the pelagic zone contrasts with typical freshwater bacterial communities as well as other lakes on the Tibetan Plateau.
Enhancing Motivation and the Acquisition of Coordinate Concepts through the Use of Concept Trees.

This study assessed the effects of providing learners with a graphic illustration of coordinate concept relationships to supplement learning from text-based instruction. Seventy-three undergraduate students were given a passage of approximately 1,200 words in length, describing Ausubel's Categories of Meaningful Learning. Half of the students also received a graphic concept tree which illustrated the relationship between concepts presented in the text. Findings from analysis of variance on instructional motivation as measured by the Instructional Materials Motivation Scale (IMMS) and the immediate posttest indicate that students who used the concept tree outperformed those learners who did not use the concept tree, and that students who used the concept tree reported significantly higher amounts of attention, confidence, and satisfaction with the instructional materials. No interactions were found between the use of the concept tree and vocabulary ability. (51 references) (Author/GL) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. UAL DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Ethcational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Y This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reProduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necesunly represent official OE RI position or policy
Prosodic Structure of Russian : A Psycholinguistic Investigation of the Metrical Structure of Russian Nouns

Russian is an unpredictable stress language, where stress is not fixed to a particular morpheme or a syllable, but is rather assumed to be marked lexically for each morpheme (roots and affixes). Although Russian lexical stress and factors determining its location in a word have been extensively examined, it is not clear whether there are some phonological properties that may influence the location of stress. In this dissertation, I investigate non-lexical stress placement in Russian, i.e. the default stress placement expected to arise whenever there is no lexically specified accent in a word and explore which phonological factors affect stress placement in Russian. In particular, I ask (i) which principles govern the assignment of stress in the absence of lexical information, and (ii) whether the default stress emanates from a particular foot type (trochee or iamb) that underlies the Russian prosodic system. Previous research on the Russian default stress pattern and metrical structure has yielded conflicting results and incoherent description of facts. The proposed default positions of stress range from word-initial (Melvold 1990), stemfinal (Crosswhite et al. 2003) to post-stem (Alderete 2001). Analyses of the type of metrical foot in Russian also diverge remarkably: Revithiadou (1999) claims that Russian has a trochaic foot, van der Hulst (1999) and Hayes (1995) classify Russian as an unbounded lexical accent system, whereas Halle & Vergnaud (1987), Melvold (1990), Crosswhite (2000) argue for an iambic foot. Previous experimental studies that attempted to reveal speakers' underlying knowledge, however, fail to tease apart the contribution of morphological information from purely phonological grounds in default stress assignment (e.g., Crosswhite et al. 2003). In this dissertation, I present results from a series of production studies that examined the default stress pattern in Russian novel words without lexically prespecified accent. The first two experiments controlled for the various inconsistencies in previous studies by using a group of indeclinable words, in particular place names and acronyms, which permitted the exclusion of
Ground-penetrating radar and burial practices in western Arnhem Land, Australia

A GPR survey was carried out in advance of archaeological excavations at Madjedbebe (formerly known as Malakunanja II), a sandstone rock shelter in western Arnhem Land (Australia) containing numerous Aboriginal burials. GPR revealed subsurface patterning of rocks in the shelter deposits and archaeological excavation demonstrated that these were related to burials. Post-excavation, GIS and statistical analysis further elucidated the relationship between the rocks and human burials. This integration of detailed mapping, GPR and excavation afforded the opportunity to test a way to identify unmarked burials using GPR in sandstone rock shelters and to document a marker for burial identification in this region. Application of the methodology developed through this case study provides a useful management tool for Indigenous communities and other heritage practitioners.
The Efficiency of Fair Division with Connected Pieces

The cake-cutting setting, in which a single heterogeneous good must be divided between multiple parties with different tastes, is a classic model for studying questions regarding fairness in resource allocation. In this work, we turn our attention to (economic) efficiency considerations in cake cutting, examining the possible trade-offs between meeting the fairness criteria, on the one hand, and maximizing social welfare, on the other. We focus on divisions that give each agent a single (contiguous) piece of the cake and provide tight bounds (or, in some cases, nearly tight) on the possible degradation in utilitarian and egalitarian welfare resulting from meeting the fairness requirements.
Expression of MAP4K4 Is Associated with Worse Prognosis in Patients with Stage II Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Purpose: Mitogen-activated protein 4 kinase 4 (MAP4K4) is a serine/threonine kinase and belongs to the mammalian STE20/MAP4K family. Recent studies have shown that MAP4K4 is overexpressed in many types of human cancer and cancer cell lines. MAP4K4 plays an important role in transformation, invasiveness, adhesion, and cell migration. However, the expression of MAP4K4 and its significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has not been studied. Experimental Design: We examined the expression of MAP4K4 by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays consisting of 66 stage II PDA and their paired benign pancreatic tissue. The staining results were categorized as MAP4K4-H or MAP4K4-L. The results were correlated with clinicopathologic features and patient survival. Results: MAP4K4 was overexpressed (MAP4K4-H) in 30 of 66 (46%) PDAs and was higher than the paired benign pancreatic tissue samples (19%; P = 0.002). The median overall and recurrence-free survival for patients with MAP4K4-H PDAs were 19.5 and 9.3 months, respectively, compared with 65.2 and 28.8 months for patients with MAP4K4-L tumor (P = 0.02 and 0.0005, log-rank test). MAP4K4 expression was associated with poor overall and recurrence-free survival in univariate analysis (P = 0.02 and 0.001). In multivariate analysis, MAP4K4 expression significantly correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.025 and 0.004) independent of age, tumor size, differentiation, and stage. MAP4K4 expression was also associated with higher frequency of recurrence/metastasis, larger tumor size, and increased number of positive lymph nodes (P < 0.05). Conclusion: MAP4K4 was overexpressed in about half of PDAs. Overexpression of MAP4K4 was associated with worse prognosis and is a prognostic marker for stage II PDAs.
Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in supernova remnants

We present estimates of the angular power spectra of the synchrotron radiation intensity fluctuations at 6 and 20 cm for the shell-type supernova remnant Cas A and the filled-centre Crab supernova remnant. We find that the intensity fluctuations of both the sources have a power-law power spectrum with index −3.24 ± 0.03. This power-law power spectrum is consistent with the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the synchrotron emitting plasma. For Cas A, there is a break in the power spectrum and the power-law index changes from −3.2 to −2.2 at large angular scale. This transition occurs at an angular scale that corresponds to the shell thickness of Cas A. We interpret this as a transition from three- to two-dimensional turbulence on scales that are, respectively, smaller and larger than the shell thickness.
Individual Interdependence between nocturnal ANS activity and performance in swimmers.

PURPOSE Variations in autonomic nervous system activity (ANS) and variations in performances have been shown to be correlated at the group level in swimmers. The aim of the study was to investigate the strength of that relationship at the individual level. METHODS Seven regional-level swimmers (four male, age 16.6 +/- 05 yr, 6.4 +/- 0.9 yr of practice) were included in the study. They performed maximal aerobic performance on a 400-m freestyle race before and after a 3-wk intensive training period, and following a 2-wk tapering period. ANS activity was assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) indices measured the night before each race and twice a week along the protocol. RESULTS All HRV indices were altered, with global and parasympathetic indices decreasing from W1 to W3 in the whole group, while they increased until W5 in five swimmers, and continuously decreased in two. Best performances were respectively realized when global and parasympathetic indices of HRV were highest. Importantly, the relationship between the changes in performances and the changes in HRV indices was strong (DeltaPerf = -1.232 to 1.625.DeltaHF(wavelet), R(2) = 0.5); the greater the rebound in ANS activity after W3, the greater the performance improvement, and reciprocally. CONCLUSION Performance is correlated with nocturnal ANS activity at an individual level. The decrease in ANS activity during intensive training is correlated with the loss in performance, and the rebound in ANS activity during tapering tracks with the gain in performance. Interestingly, the speed of the rebound during the tapering period was quite different between swimmers. ANS activity measurement may be useful to design and control individual training periods and to optimize the duration of tapering.
The Association Between Plasma Ferritin Level and Simple Febrile Seizures in Children

Introduction: We conducted this study to determine the role of iron deficiency (ID) as a risk factor for simple febrile seizure (SFS) in 6- to 60-month-old children. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study 100 children aged 6 to 60 months with febrile seizure (FS) (study group) and 100 febrile children without seizures (control group) admitted to Pediatric Departments of Kecioren Training and Research Hospital in between June 2014 and March 2015 were evaluated. Complete blood count, serum iron, plasma ferritin, and total iron binding capacity analyses were performed in children with FS and were compared with controls. Results: Ferritin level was significantly lower in the study group than controls (P<0.05). Compared with the onset of the study (first day), ferritin levels of the study group significantly decreased at the 10th day (P<0.05). At the onset, we were not able to determine ID in 18% of children because of fever. Conclusions: There was a relationship between low plasma ferritin level and SFS. Low plasma ferritin level may be a risk factor for the development of SFS. For preventing the FS attacks, treatment of present ID and oral supplementary iron therapy should be initiated for children with SFS who have a low plasma ferritin.
Height and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in Male Physicians

BackgroundAn inverse association between height and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) has been reported in several case-control and cohort studies, but the reasons for the association remain uncertain. We evaluated this association among 22071 male physicians, a population homogeneous for high educational attainment and socioeconomic status in adulthood. Methods and ResultsThe study population was comprised of participants in the Physicians' Health Study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin and β-carotene in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer among US male physicians, aged 40 to 84 years, in 1982. Participants were classified into five height categories at study entry, from shortest to tallest, and were followed an average of 60.2 months to determine the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and death from cardiovascular disease. Men in the tallest (≥73 in. or 185.4 cm) compared with the shortest (≤67 in. or 170.2 cm) height category had a 35% lower risk of MI (relative risk, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 0.99; P=.04), after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors. Further, a marginally significant inverse trend (P trend=.05) across the height categories was observed. Although the relationship was not strictly linear, for every inch of added height, there was an approximate 2% to 3% decline in risk of MI. In contrast, men in the tallest compared with the shortest height category had only small and nonsignificant decreases in risk of stroke and cardiovascular death. While no significant trend in risks of these end points across the height categories was observed, the numbers of events for these end points were far less than for MI, and thus the confidence intervals were wide. ConclusionsThese data indicate that height is inversely associated with subsequent risk of MI. At this time, a few mechanisms are plausible, but none are convincing. Other epidemiological and basic research efforts are needed to explore a variety of physiological correlates of height that may be responsible for mediating the height-MI association. In the meantime, while height is not modifiable, it is easy to measure and may be useful to evaluate CHD disease risk profiles and target lifestyle interventions.