Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Links Between Violence and Conflict in the Family of Origin and Conflict Resolution Strategies of Emerging Adults: An Examination of Gender Differences

AHERN, LISA SENATORE. Links Between Violence and Conflict in the Family of Origin and Conflict Resolution Strategies of Emerging Adults: An Examination of Gender Differences (Under the Direction of Dr. Mary Haskett). The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation between family violence history and conflict resolution strategies among emerging adults (ages 18-19), a group largely overlooked in the research. Undergraduates (N = 249) completed self-report questionnaires regarding conflict strategies witnessed and experienced in the home during their adolescence and regarding the likelihood of using certain conflict resolution strategies with a romantic partner in response to hypothetical vignettes. Results indicated that family violence history did not predict conflict resolution strategies for the full sample. However, for a subsample of participants who had experienced physical aggression in the home, experiencing that aggression predicted later use of hostile strategies with a romantic partner. Witnessing aggression predicted later hostile strategy use for men, but not women. For both the full and subsamples, witnessing and experiencing reasoning in the home predicted later use of prosocial strategies. LINKS BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT IN THE FAMILY OF ORIGIN AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION STRATEGIES OF EMERGING ADULTS: AN EXAMINATION OF GENDER DIFFERENCES by LISA SENATORE AHERN A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy PSYCHOLOGY Raleigh 2006 APPROVED BY: _______________________________ _______________________________ Chair of Advisory Committee _______________________________ _______________________________
Oil Biodegradation and Bioremediation: A Tale of the Two Worst Spills in U.S. History

The devastating environmental impacts of the Exxon Valdez spill in 1989 and its media notoriety made it a frequent comparison to the BP Deepwater Horizon spill in the popular press in 2010, even though the nature of the two spills and the environments impacted were vastly different. Fortunately, unlike higher organisms that are adversely impacted by oil spills, microorganisms are able to consume petroleum hydrocarbons. These oil degrading indigenous microorganisms played a significant role in reducing the overall environmental impact of both the Exxon Valdez and BP Deepwater Horizon oil spills.
FIFS: Fine-Grained Indoor Fingerprinting System

WLAN-based indoor location fingerprinting has been attractive owing to the advantages of open access and high accuracy. Most fingerprinting-based systems so far rely on the received signal strength (RSS), which can be easily measured at the receiver with commercial WLAN equipment. However, RSS is a coarse value which simply measures the received power for a whole channel. Thus, it fluctuates over time in typical indoor environments with rich multipath effects and not unique for a specific location. In this paper, we present the design, implementation, and evaluation of a Fine-grained Indoor Fingerprinting System (FIFS). FIFS explores a PHYlayer Channel State Information (CSI) that specifies the channel status over all the subcarriers for location fingerprinting in WLAN. The system leverages the CSI values including different amplitudes and phases at multiple propagation paths, known as the frequency diversity, to uniquely manifest a location. Moreover, the multiple antennas provides the spatial diversity that can be further augmented in fingerprinting. We also present a coherence bandwidth-enhanced probability algorithm with a correlation filter to map object to the fingerprints. We conducted experiments in two typical indoor scenarios with commercial IEEE 802.11 NICs. The experimental results demonstrate that the overall positioning accuracy can be improved compared with the RSS-based Horus system.
Persistent Harassment: Targets and Perpetrators Among Young Adults

ABSTRACT In Portugal, stalking has recently been recognized as a crime. This study used an online survey to ask 3,367 college students about their experiences of persistent harassment and targets’ and perpetrators’ perceptions of fear and conduct legitimacy. Targets (34.5%) typically mentioned that they had experienced a frightening experience but considered it to have been wrong but not very serious. Perpetrators (8.9%) mostly perceived that their targets had not experienced fear and judged their own conduct to have been normal. Ordinal logistic regressions indicated that intimate partner stalking, targets’ fear, and threatening and violent behaviors predicted less conduct legitimization for both targets and perpetrators.
Predicting the Big Two of Affect from the Big Five of Personality

This article reports a study (N = 217) predicting self-reported momentary affect from personality. Affect was described with a two-dimensional space that integrates various affect models including the valence/arousal and the positive affect/negative affect models. Three models of personality were compared: Extraversion and Neuroticism, the Five Factor Model (which adds Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience), and Digman's Alpha and Beta. Both linear and nonlinear (interaction and quadratic) effects were examined. Results favored the Five Factor Model. Nonlinear effects were small. Personality was not linked to affect in a way consistent with the claim that certain dimensions (Positive Affect and Negative Affect) are more basic; indeed, neuroticism was maximally correlated with the Pleasant versus Unpleasant axis rather than with Negative Affect.
Delving into Transferable Adversarial Examples and Black-box Attacks

An intriguing property of deep neural networks is the existence of adversarial examples, which can transfer among different architectures. These transferable adversarial examples may severely hinder deep neural network-based applications. Previous works mostly study the transferability using small scale datasets. In this work, we are the first to conduct an extensive study of the transferability over large models and a large scale dataset, and we are also the first to study the transferability of targeted adversarial examples with their target labels. We study both non-targeted and targeted adversarial examples, and show that while transferable non-targeted adversarial examples are easy to find, targeted adversarial examples generated using existing approaches almost never transfer with their target labels. Therefore, we propose novel ensemble-based approaches to generating transferable adversarial examples. Using such approaches, we observe a large proportion of targeted adversarial examples that are able to transfer with their target labels for the first time. We also present some geometric studies to help understanding the transferable adversarial examples. Finally, we show that the adversarial examples generated using ensemble-based approaches can successfully attack this http URL, which is a black-box image classification system.
Internal and external correlates of the integration of English- and Spanish-origin loanwords in Montréal French

The present study fills this gap by considering the social correlates of the degree of loanword integration in more recent Canadian French data from sociolinguistic interviews conducted in Montréal. This study also expands upon previous work by examining loanwords from both English (a high-contact language with special political status) and Spanish (a low-contact language associated mostly with the immigrant population).
Retrograde Amnesia for Spatial Memory Induced by NMDA Receptor-Mediated Long-Term Potentiation

If information is stored as distributed patterns of synaptic weights in the hippocampal formation, retention should be vulnerable to electrically induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal synapses after learning. This prediction was tested by training animals in a spatial water maze task and then delivering bursts of high-frequency (HF) or control stimulation to the perforant path in the angular bundle. High-frequency stimulation induced LTP in the dentate gyrus and probably also at other hippocampal termination sites. Retention in a later probe test was disrupted. When the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) was administered before the high-frequency stimulation, water maze retention was unimpaired. CPP administration blocked the induction of LTP. Thus, high-frequency stimulation of hippocampal afferents disrupts memory retention only when it induces a change in the spatial pattern of synaptic weights. The NMDA receptor dependency of this retrograde amnesia is consistent with the synaptic plasticity and memory hypothesis.
City Research Online Full Title: Nonverbal Imitation Skills in Children with Specific Language Delay Name and Affiliations of Authors

Research in children with language problems has focussed on verbal deficits, and we have less understanding of children‟s deficits with nonverbal sociocognitive skills which have been proposed to be important for language acquisition. This study was designed to investigate elicited nonverbal imitation in children with specific language delay (SLD). It is argued that difficulties in nonverbal imitation, which do not involve the processing of structural aspects of language, may be indicative of sociocognitive deficits. Participants were German-speaking typically developing children (n=60) and children with SLD (n=45) aged 2-31⁄2 years. A novel battery of tasks measured their ability to imitate a range of nonverbal target acts that to a greater or lesser extent involve sociocognitive skills (body movements, instrumental acts on objects, pretend acts). Significant group differences were found for all body movement and pretend act tasks, but not for the instrumental acts tasks. The poorer imitative performance of the SLD sample was not explained by motor or nonverbal cognitive skills. Thus, it appeared that the nature of the task affected children‟s imitation performance. It is argued that the ability to establish a sense of connectedness with the demonstrator was at the core of children‟s imitation difficulty in the SLD sample.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA PADA MATERI CAHAYA

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan (1) keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, (2) aktivitas siswa, (3)peningkatan hasil belajar, dan (4)respon siswa terhadap model pembelajaran kooperatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre experimental design dan rancangan penelitian menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 39 siswa. Peneliti melakukan penelitian setelah perangkat (silabus, RPP, LKS, dan soal) dikatakan layak digunakan oleh 3 validator. Hasil data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD bahwa telah terlaksana 100% dengan skor rata-rata 3,63 kategori sangat baik. (2) Aktivitas yang dilakukan siswa rata-rata melakukan aktivitas sesuai pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dengan baik dan sesuai dengan keterampilan kooperatif tingkat menengah seperti bekerjasama dan berdiskusi dalam kelompok, menghargai pendapat teman, mendengarkan dengan aktif, bertanya, mengemukakan pendapat dan mengerjakan soal kuis dengan sungguh-sungguh dan jujur. (3) Peningkatan pemahaman konsep sangat baik dengan hasil perhitungan uji N-Gain menunjukkan 75% siswa dalam kriteria tinggi dan 25% kriteria sedang, sedangkan ketuntasan secara klasikal mencapai 91,67% setelah pembelajaran kooperatif. (4) Siswa memberikan respons positif yang sangat baik terhadap model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dengan presentase siswa yang memberikan respon positif sebesar 94%. Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD, Materi Cahaya, Pemahaman Konsep.
Dopamine-related genotypes and the dose-response effect of methylphenidate on eating in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder youths.

OBJECTIVE There are individual differences in the effects of methylphenidate (MPH), a dopamine (DA) transport inhibitor, on appetite in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One potential moderating factor is variation in brain DA activity, which is influenced by dopamine-related genes: the DA transporter (DAT) (SLC6A3), the DA D2 receptor (DRD2), and the DA D4 receptor (DRD4) genes. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between dopamine-related gene polymorphisms and food consumption in ADHD children receiving varying doses of MPH. METHODS In a randomized, within-subject, double-blind design, 58 ADHD children (ages 6-12 years) received placebo, 0.15, 0.3, or 0.6 mg/kg of MPH three times daily over 9 weeks. Observations of percent lunch consumed as a function of dopamine-related genotypes and MPH dose were analyzed using mixed effects regression models. RESULTS A significant dose-response reduction in eating was observed across all genotypes (p < 0.001). There was an interaction of DAT SLC6A3 and DRD2 genotypes and dose, because 9/9 DAT children showed a stronger effect of dose when compared with the 9/10 and 10/10 children (p < 0.001) and DRD2 A2/A2 children showed a stronger effect of dose when compared with A1/A1 and A1/A2 children combined (p = 0.007). There was no significant interaction of dose by DRD4 genotype. CONCLUSIONS Lunch consumption decreased as a function of MPH dose. DA-related genotypes associated with greater brain DA signaling moderated the influence of drug on consumption. These results provide information relevant to predicting which children are likely to experience the greatest appetite suppression when taking MPH.
The Impact of Systems Development Expertise on Information Systems Development Methodology Use

Prior research on Task Technology Fit Theory (TTF) has found that task experience does not moderate perceptions of tasktechnology fit and does not directly affect technology usage. Additionally, researchers using TTF must develop new items to operationalize TTF constructs for each study. This study will reexamine the role of task experience in TTF within the context of systems development methodologies. Proposed results will indicate that task experience moderates perceptions of tasktechnology fit and influences intention to use. Furthermore, this study will assess perceptions of task-technology fit by employing a context-independent measure, thereby reducing the need to develop new task-technology fit items for each study.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and its soluble receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We investigated the serum concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its two soluble receptors, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2, in a group of 60 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 20 healthy controls, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We examined a possible association between serum levels of these proteins and certain clinical and laboratory parameters as well as SLE activity. VEGF, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 were detectable in all patients with SLE and in all normal individuals. The VEGF level was higher in active SLE (mean, 300.8 pg/ml) than in inactive SLE (mean, 165.9 pg/ml) (p < 0.05) or in the control group (mean, 124.7 pg/ml) (p < 0.04). The highest sVEGFR-1 concentrations were also detected in active SLE patients (mean, 42.2 pg/ml) and the lowest in inactive disease (mean, 32.0 pg/ml) (p < 0.01). In contrast, the levels of sVEGFR-2 were lower in SLE (mean, 12557.6 pg/ml) than in the control group (mean, 15025.3 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). We found a positive correlation between sVEGFR-1 concentration and the SLE activity score p = 0.375 (p < 0.004) and a negative, but statistically insignificant correlation between sVEGFR-2 and SLE activity (p = -0.190, p > 0.05). Treatment with steroids and cytotoxic agents did not influence VEGF or its soluble receptors levels. In conclusion, in SLE patients the levels of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 are higher in patients with active SLE than in inactive disease or healthy persons. In contrast, the level of sVEGFR-2 is lower in active SLE than in inactive disease. The imbalance between VEGF and its soluble receptors may be important in SLE pathogenesis.
Chronic Hindlimb Ischemia Impairs Functional Vasodilation and Vascular Reactivity in Mouse Feed Arteries

Vasodilation of lower leg arterioles is impaired in animal models of chronic peripheral ischemia. In addition to arterioles, feed arteries are a critical component of the vascular resistance network, accounting for as much as 50% of the pressure drop across the arterial circulation. Despite the critical importance of feed arteries in blood flow control, the impact of ischemia on feed artery vascular reactivity is unknown. At 14 days following unilateral resection of the femoral–saphenous artery–vein pair, functional vasodilation of the profunda femoris artery was severely impaired, 11 ± 9 versus 152 ± 22%. Although endothelial and smooth muscle-dependent vasodilation were both impaired in ischemic arteries compared to control arteries (Ach: 40 ± 14 versus 81 ± 11%, SNP: 43 ± 12 versus and 85 ± 11%), the responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were similar, implicating impaired smooth muscle-dependent vasodilation. Conversely, vasoconstriction responses to norepinephrine were not different between ischemic and control arteries, −68 ± 3 versus −66 ± 3%, indicating that smooth muscle cells were functional following the ischemic insult. Finally, maximal dilation responses to acetylcholine, ex vivo, were significantly impaired in the ischemic artery compared to control, 71 ± 9 versus 97 ± 2%, despite a similar generation of myogenic tone to the same intravascular pressure (80 mmHg). These data indicate that ischemia impairs feed artery vasodilation by impairing the responsiveness of the vascular wall to vasodilating stimuli. Future studies to examine the mechanistic basis for the impact of ischemia on vascular reactivity or treatment strategies to improve vascular reactivity following ischemia could provide the foundation for an alternative therapeutic paradigm for peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
Sodium renders endothelial cells sticky for red blood cells

Negative charges in the glycocalyx of red blood cells (RBC) and vascular endothelial cells (EC) facilitate frictionless blood flow through blood vessels. Na+ selectively shields these charges controlling surface electronegativity. The question was addressed whether the ambient Na+ concentration controls RBC-EC interaction. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) adhesion forces between RBC and endothelial glycocalyx were quantified. A single RBC, mounted on an AFM cantilever, was brought in physical contact with the endothelial surface and then pulled off. Adhesion forces were quantified (i) after enzymatic removal of negative charges in the glycocalyx, (ii) under different ambient Na+ and (iii) after applying the intracellular aldosterone receptor antagonist spironolactone. Removal of negative surface charges increases RBC-EC interaction forces. A stepwise increase of ambient Na+ from 133 to 140 mM does not affect them. However, beyond 140 mM Na+ adhesion forces increase sharply (10% increase of adhesion force per 1 mM increase of Na+). Spironolactone prevents this response. It is concluded that negative charges reduce adhesion between RBC and EC. Ambient Na+ concentration determines the availability of free negative charges. Na+ concentrations in the low physiological range (below 140 mM) allow sufficient amounts of vacant negative charges so that adhesion of RBC to the endothelial surface is small. In contrast, Na+ in the high physiological range (beyond 140 mM) saturates the remaining negative surface charges thus increasing adhesion. Aldosterone receptor blockade by spironolactone prevents Na+ induced RBC adhesion to the endothelial glycocalyx. Extrapolation of in vitro experiments to in vivo conditions leads to the hypothesis that high sodium intake is likely to increase the incidence of thrombotic events.
Literacies of Bilingual Youth: A Profile of Bilingual Academic, Social, and TXT Literacies

How does access to this work benefit you? Let us know! Follow this and additional works at: http://academicworks.cuny. edu/gc_etds Part of the Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons, Digital Humanities Commons, Discourse and Text Linguistics Commons, First and Second Language Acquisition Commons, Other Linguistics Commons, and the Typological Linguistics and Linguistic Diversity Commons
Pharos : An Application-Oriented Testbed for Heterogeneous Wireless Networking Environments TR-UTEDGE-2009-006

This paper presents the Pharos mobile computing testbed which focuses on application-driven validation of pervasive computing research using real hardware and real mobility. Pharos enables meaningful and reproducible validation at all levels of the network stack, including mobility modeling, routing protocols, coordination, application support, and system configuration. At the same time, the testbed maintains links with software simulation to facilitate the development of meaningful models to reflect actual physical network behaviors and constraints. Such an applicationoriented mobile testbed is critically important to bridge the disconnect between theoretical or statistical modeling and practical evaluation.
The Radio Spectral Energy Distribution and Star-formation Rate Calibration in Galaxies

We study the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the radio continuum (RC) emission from the Key Insight in Nearby Galaxies Emitting in Radio (KINGFISHER) sample of nearby galaxies to understand the energetics and origin of this emission. Effelsberg multi-wavelength observations at 1.4, 4.8, 8.4, and 10.5 GHz combined with archive data allow us, for the first time, to determine the mid-RC (1–10 GHz, MRC) bolometric luminosities and further present calibration relations versus the monochromatic radio luminosities. The 1–10 GHz radio SED is fitted using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique leading to measurements for the nonthermal spectral index ( ) and the thermal fraction ( ) with mean values of for the total spectral index) and = (10 ± 9)% at 1.4 GHz. The MRC luminosity changes over ∼3 orders of magnitude in the sample, MRC . The thermal emission is responsible for ∼23% of the MRC on average. We also compare the extinction-corrected diagnostics of the star-formation rate (SFR) with the thermal and nonthermal radio tracers and derive the first star-formation calibration relations using the MRC radio luminosity. The nonthermal spectral index flattens with increasing SFR surface density, indicating the effect of the star-formation feedback on the cosmic-ray electron population in galaxies. Comparing the radio and IR SEDs, we find that the FIR-to-MRC ratio could decrease with SFR, due to the amplification of the magnetic fields in star-forming regions. This particularly implies a decrease in the ratio at high redshifts, where mostly luminous/star-forming galaxies are detected.