Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social comparison and coping with radiation therapy: The significance of different dimensions of comparison

Being confronted with a serious illness such as cancer and being treated for it, is a very threatening experience that may have consequences for almost every part of the patient’s life. The present thesis focused on how social comparison information can be used by cancer patients to adapt to their illness and the treatment with radiation therapy. It addressed several questions concerning the social comparison processes of cancer patients; what kind of social comparison information and contact they prefer, how they react to different types of social comparison information and how several factors, particularly the personality of the patients, influences these reactions. The aim of the present thesis was to provide more insight in the role of social comparison in the coping processes of cancer patients.
现代人路怒现状及其归因方式的研究 Research of Persons’ Present Situation of Road Rage and the Way of Their Attribution

该研究先采用访谈法对不同职业、年龄、学历、婚姻状况等30人进行具体的了解，在此基础上制成“路怒归因方式问卷”，以探求路怒现状及归因方式对路怒的影响，被试最终有522名。 结果表明：(1) 路怒在性别和年龄上没有显著差异，但在职业、学历和婚姻状况等上有显著差异；(2) 路怒与内归因存在正相关(r = 0.058)；与外归因呈负相关(r = −0.088)；与相同归因也存在相关关系，(r = −0.054)；(3) 职业、收入和学历与归因方式间存在显著差异，而性别与年龄与归因方式间的差异不显著。 研究结论：归因方式的确会导致路怒的差异，它体现在路怒的产生和程度上，内归因对路怒的影响大于外归因。 At first, this author asked 30 persons, whose career, age, educational background and marital status are all different, and then the author has designed a scale called “the ways of attribution of road rage scale”, which has been filled in by 522 persons at last. The results are as follows: (1) peoples’ road-rage in gender and age has no significant difference, but it has significant difference in careers, earnings in a month, education and situation of marriage; (2) modern people's road rage and internal attributional pattern are positively correlated (r = 0.058); show a very negative correlation among modern people’s road rage and external attributional pattern (r = −0.088); show a negative correlation of road rage and equal attributional pattern (r = −0.054); (3) occupation, income and education, compared with gender and age, have significant difference with the attributional pattern of road rage. And the conclusion is: different attributional patterns do affect road rage; it reflects in the produce and degree of road rage; and internal attribution can produce more effect than external attribution.
Group Intervention with Aggressive Children and Youth Through Bibliotherapy

ABSTRACT Aggression in the school is one of the most disturbing behaviors that teachers and students face. It is usually addressed through preventive treatments, leaving the highly aggressive students unaffected. Group psychotherapy is a viable method to treat aggressive youth, despite reservations raised in the professional literature, when therapy is adjusted to this unique population. Aggressive children and youth are quite resistant to change, thus, creative methods are needed to engage them in therapy. This article suggests an innovative intervention, using bibliotherapy as an adjunct to an integrative theory of treatment, adjusted to the specific characteristics of aggressive children. The article describes the intervention, its theoretical foundation, and provides wide evidence for its effectiveness with aggressive children and youth.
Landscape reorganization under changing climatic forcing: Results from an experimental landscape

Understanding how landscapes respond to climate dynamics in terms of macroscale (average topographic features) and microscale (landform reorganization) is of interest both for deciphering past climates from today's landscapes and for predicting future landscapes in view of recent climatic trends. Although several studies have addressed macro‐scale response, only a few have focused on quantifying smaller‐scale basin reorganization. To that goal, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted where a self‐organized complete drainage network emerged under constant precipitation and uplift dynamics. Once steady state was achieved, the landscape was subjected to a fivefold increase in precipitation (transient state). Throughout the evolution, high‐resolution spatiotemporal topographic data in the form of digital elevation models were collected. The steady state landscape was shown to possess three distinct geomorphic regimes (unchannelized hillslopes, debris‐dominated channels, and fluvially dominated channels). During transient state, landscape reorganization was observed to be driven by hillslopes via accelerated erosion, ridge lowering, channel widening, and reduction of basin relief as opposed to channel base‐level reduction. Quantitative metrics on which these conclusions were based included slope‐area curve, correlation analysis of spatial and temporal elevation increments, and wavelet spectral analysis of the evolving landscapes. Our results highlight that landscape reorganization in response to increased precipitation seems to follow “an arrow of scale”: major elevation change initiates at the hillslope scale driving erosional regime change at intermediate scales and further cascading to geomorphic changes at the channel scale as time evolves.
Quantitative Analysis of Intrinsic Skin Aging in Dermal Papillae by in Vivo Harmonic Generation Microscopy References and Links

Chronological skin aging is associated with flattening of the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), but to date no quantitative analysis focusing on the aging changes in the dermal papillae (DP) has been performed. The aim of the study is to determine the architectural changes and the collagen density related to chronological aging in the dermal papilla zone (DPZ) by in vivo harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) with a sub-femtoliter spatial resolution. We recruited 48 Asian subjects and obtained in vivo images on the sun-protected volar forearm. Six parameters were defined to quantify 3D morphological changes of the DPZ, which we analyzed both manually and computationally to study their correlation with age. The depth of DPZ, the average height of isolated DP, and the 3D interdigitation index decreased with age, while DP number density, DP volume, and the collagen density in DP remained constant over time. In vivo high-resolution HGM technology has uncovered chronological aging-related variations in DP, and sheds light on real-time quantitative skin fragility assessment and disease diagnostics based on collagen density and morphology. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in skin ageing: a review, " Int. Aged skin: a study by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopy, " J. Human skin aging is associated with reduced expression of the stem cell markers beta1 integrin and MCSP, " J. Age related changes of human skin investigated with histometric measurements by confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo, " Skin Res. Interdigitation index-a parameter for differentiating between young and older skin specimens, " Skin Res. Clinical implications of aging skin: cutaneous disorders in the elderly, " Am. Decreased collagen production in chronologically aged skin: roles of age-dependent alteration in fibroblast function and defective mechanical stimulation, " Am. Restoration of collagen formation in photodamaged human skin by tretinoin (retinoic acid), " N. Engl. A comparison of wire brush and diamond fraise superficial dermabrasion for photoaged skin. A clinical, immunohistologic, and biochemical study, " J. Laser skin resurfacing of the face with a combined CO 2 /Er:YAG laser, " Dermatol. Quantitative evaluation of chronological ageing and photoageing in vivo: studies on skin echogenicity and thickness, " Br. In vivo quantification of epidermis pigmentation and dermis papilla density with reflectance confocal microscopy: variations with age and skin phototype, " Exp. In vivo assessment of chronological ageing and photoageing in forearm skin using reflectance confocal microscopy, " Br. Skin aging: in vivo microscopic assessment of epidermal and dermal changes …
A Context-Based Word Indexing Model for Document Summarization

Existing models for document summarization mostly use the similarity between sentences in the document to extract the most salient sentences. The documents as well as the sentences are indexed using traditional term indexing measures, which do not take the context into consideration. Therefore, the sentence similarity values remain independent of the context. In this paper, we propose a context sensitive document indexing model based on the Bernoulli model of randomness. The Bernoulli model of randomness has been used to find the probability of the cooccurrences of two terms in a large corpus. A new approach using the lexical association between terms to give a context sensitive weight to the document terms has been proposed. The resulting indexing weights are used to compute the sentence similarity matrix. The proposed sentence similarity measure has been used with the baseline graph-based ranking models for sentence extraction. Experiments have been conducted over the benchmark DUC data sets and it has been shown that the proposed Bernoulli-based sentence similarity model provides consistent improvements over the baseline IntraLink and UniformLink methods [1].
Autism-like socio-communicative deficits and stereotypies in mice lacking heparan sulfate

Heparan sulfate regulates diverse cell-surface signaling events, and its roles in the development of the nervous system recently have been increasingly uncovered by studies using genetic models carrying mutations of genes encoding enzymes for its synthesis. On the other hand, the role of heparan sulfate in the physiological function of the adult brain has been poorly characterized, despite several pieces of evidence suggesting its role in the regulation of synaptic function. To address this issue, we eliminated heparan sulfate from postnatal neurons by conditionally inactivating Ext1, the gene encoding an enzyme essential for heparan sulfate synthesis. Resultant conditional mutant mice show no detectable morphological defects in the cytoarchitecture of the brain. Remarkably, these mutant mice recapitulate almost the full range of autistic symptoms, including impairments in social interaction, expression of stereotyped, repetitive behavior, and impairments in ultrasonic vocalization, as well as some associated features. Mapping of neuronal activation by c-Fos immunohistochemistry demonstrates that neuronal activation in response to social stimulation is attenuated in the amygdala in these mice. Electrophysiology in amygdala pyramidal neurons shows an attenuation of excitatory synaptic transmission, presumably because of the reduction in the level of synaptically localized AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Our results demonstrate that heparan sulfate is critical for normal functioning of glutamatergic synapses and that its deficiency mediates socio-communicative deficits and stereotypies characteristic for autism.
Alcohol consumption, dependence and foraging

ABSTRACT Background: Smartphone technology enables treatment providers to deliver targeted outpatient support “on site” in “real time,” but this will require a better understanding of peer networks and substance users’ acquisition of drugs. Objectives: This study sought to understand contextual factors associated with risky levels of alcohol consumption. Methods: A total of 280 participants answered an online survey, completed the AUDIT and indicated their numbers of regular drinking partners, and the number of times and places alcohol was normally consumed. Results: Hazardous drinkers had a greater number of drinking partners and drank alcohol at a greater number of times and locations. Alcohol dependence was associated with alcohol use in more times and places, but was not linked to the numbers of drinking partners. Models drawn from foraging literature were used to describe the data. Conclusions/Importance: Patterns of alcohol foraging could be described by power laws, and such power laws could be used to compare foraging for a range of substances. A consideration of foraging behavior may inform location-aware services targeting risky substance use.
Usability of a Virtual Coach System for Therapeutic Exercise for Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Adherence to in-home exercise that complements outpatient physical therapy (PT) for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is less than ideal, with patients often performing exercises incorrectly or less frequently than prescribed. We are developing a virtual coach system designed to detect how individuals are performing their exercises and to provide individualized instruction and feedback in real-time. To assess potential endusers’ responsiveness to the user interface prior to completing the entire system, we conducted a usability study using a Wizard of Oz approach with 10 middle-aged and older adults with knee OA. These individuals completed three pairs of therapeutic exercises commonly prescribed as part of an in-home regimen for knee OA while interacting with an avatar on a computer monitor as it offered instruction and feedback using different communication styles. Study participants were willing to wear wireless sensors while exercising and were comfortable receiving instruction and feedback via the virtual coach system. Though they found the avatar’s guidance easy to follow, they were unable to differentiate its various communication styles. Nevertheless, they considered our virtual coach system potentially very useful for people performing therapeutic exercise on their own at home.
Development and optimization of the IPMMM 5 GPS slant path 4 DVAR system

This article describes the development of tools for routine 4-dimensional variational data assimilation of Global Positioning System Slant Total Delay (STD) data in the framework of the MM5 system at the Institute of Physics and Meteorology of the University of Hohenheim. The Slant Total Delay forward operator is introduced which allows model validation and the assimilation in the Message-Passing Interface environment. An experiment is conducted which highlights the importance of accurate model physics in the variational assimilation system. We demonstrate that the model minus observation statistics of STD data crucially depends on the convection scheme and the implementation of horizontal diffusion. A set of modifications to the existing non linear, tangent linear and adjoint model is presented. These include an improvement of the horizontal diffusion scheme and the implementation of the Grell cumulus convective scheme in order to eliminate the observed systematic tendency in the model minus observation statistics of the STD data and precipitation in mountainous terrain. A first assimilation experiment with the improved MM5 variational assimilation system shows promising results.
Cutting-Edge High-Power Ultrafast Thin Disk Oscillators

A growing number of applications in science and industry are currently pushing the development of ultrafast laser technologies that enable high average powers. SESAM modelocked thin disk lasers (TDLs) currently achieve higher pulse energies and average powers than any other ultrafast oscillator technology, making them excellent candidates in this goal. Recently, 275 W of average power with a pulse duration of 583 fs were demonstrated, which represents the highest average power so far demonstrated from an ultrafast oscillator. In terms of pulse energy, TDLs reach more than 40 μJ pulses directly from the oscillator. In addition, another major milestone was recently achieved, with the demonstration of a TDL with nearly bandwidth-limited 96-fs long pulses. The progress achieved in terms of pulse duration of such sources enabled the first measurement of the carrier-envelope offset frequency of a modelocked TDL, which is the first key step towards full stabilization of such a source. We will present the key elements that enabled these latest results, as well as an outlook towards the next scaling steps in average power, pulse energy and pulse duration of such sources. These cutting-edge sources will enable exciting new applications, and open the door to further extending the current performance milestones.
Light at Night Co‐distributes with Incident Breast but not Lung Cancer in the Female Population of Israel

Recent studies of shift‐working women have reported that excessive exposure to light at night (LAN) may be a risk factor for breast cancer. However, no studies have yet attempted to examine the co‐distribution of LAN and breast cancer incidence on a population level with the goal to assess the coherence of these earlier findings with population trends. Coherence is one of Hill's “criteria” (actually, viewpoints) for an inference of causality. Nighttime satellite images were used to estimate LAN levels in 147 communities in Israel. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between LAN and breast cancer incidence rates and, as a test of the specificity of our method, lung cancer incidence rates in women across localities under the prediction of a link with breast cancer but not lung cancer. After adjusting for several variables available on a population level, such as ethnic makeup, birth rate, population density, and local income level, a strong positive association between LAN intensity and breast cancer rate was revealed (p<0.05), and this association strengthened (p<0.01) when only statistically significant factors were filtered out by stepwise regression analysis. Concurrently, no association was found between LAN intensity and lung cancer rate. These results provide coherence of the previously reported case‐control and cohort studies with the co‐distribution of LAN and breast cancer on a population basis. The analysis yielded an estimated 73% higher breast cancer incidence in the highest LAN exposed communities compared to the lowest LAN exposed communities.
Academic Self-efficacy, Career Self-efficacy, and Psychosocial Identity Development: A Comparison of Female College Students from Differing Socioeconomic Status Groups

GRIFFITHS, JANE HELEN. Academic Self-Efficacy, Career Self-Efficacy, and Psychosocial Identity Development: A Comparison of Female College Students from Differing Socioeconomic Status Groups. (Under the direction of Stanley Baker, Ph.D.) A review of current literature indicates the existence of a dynamic theoretical intersection between identity, self-efficacy, gender, education, and socioeconomic status (SES). To facilitate an understanding of that dynamic, differences in academic self-efficacy, career self-efficacy, and psychosocial identity development among freshmen and sophomore female college students (n = 275) from differing socioeconomic groups were investigated. Class and gender inequities in the educational system and the world of work are also discussed, illustrating their affect on individual identity development, and on academic and career self-efficacy. Due to societal oppression and the lack of privileges otherwise afforded to individuals from higher SES groups, it was hypothesized that women from lower SES groups would experience lower academic self-efficacy, career self-efficacy, and psychosocial identity development, particularly when adjusting to a higher SES dominated college environment. Participants completed three measures in addition to demographic questions used for determining SES. Administered measures included the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (OMEIS; Adams, Shea, & Fitch, 1979), the short form of the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale (CDMSE-SF; Betz & Taylor, 2001), and the College Academic SelfEfficacy Scale (CASES; Owen & Froman, 1988). SES was determined using a combination of annual family income, parental occupation, and parental education level. The use of a oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-tests revealed significant differences for female students in the lowest SES group when compared to female students in higher SES groups on
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 mutation that is associated with disease onset in infancy disrupts axonal pathfinding during neuronal development

SUMMARY Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 (SCA13) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the Kv3.3 voltage-gated potassium (K+) channel. SCA13 exists in two forms: infant onset is characterized by severe cerebellar atrophy, persistent motor deficits and intellectual disability, whereas adult onset is characterized by progressive ataxia and progressive cerebellar degeneration. To test the hypothesis that infant- and adult-onset mutations have differential effects on neuronal development that contribute to the age at which SCA13 emerges, we expressed wild-type Kv3.3 or infant- or adult-onset mutant proteins in motor neurons in the zebrafish spinal cord. We characterized the development of CaP (caudal primary) motor neurons at ∼36 and ∼48 hours post-fertilization using confocal microscopy and 3D digital reconstruction. Exogenous expression of wild-type Kv3.3 had no significant effect on CaP development. In contrast, CaP neurons expressing the infant-onset mutation made frequent pathfinding errors, sending long, abnormal axon collaterals into muscle territories that are normally innervated exclusively by RoP (rostral primary) or MiP (middle primary) motor neurons. This phenotype might be directly relevant to infant-onset SCA13 because interaction with inappropriate synaptic partners might trigger cell death during brain development. Importantly, pathfinding errors were not detected in CaP neurons expressing the adult-onset mutation. However, the adult-onset mutation tended to increase the complexity of the distal axonal arbor. From these results, we speculate that infant-onset SCA13 is associated with marked changes in the development of Kv3.3-expressing cerebellar neurons, reducing their health and viability early in life and resulting in the withered cerebellum seen in affected children.
Architecture and DSP Implementation of a DVB-S2 Baseband Demodulator

This paper presents the design and implementation of a baseband demodulator for DVB-S2 satellite receivers. In order to meet the requirements of different complex and multi- domain signal processing stages of the DVB-S2 baseband signal- flow, the presented architecture is based on efficient fixed-point implementation of the various demodulation algorithms and on the use of a dynamic time-sharing scheduler for the various DSP software tasks. The prototyping of the demodulator and its verification in the design of a complete digital DVB-S2 satellite receiver using a versatile testbed is also presented.