Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are virtual teams more just? An investigation of how reducing social categorization can increase female participation in male -dominated teams

Are Virtual Teams More Just? An Investigation of How Reducing Social Categorization Can Increase Female Participation in Male-dominated Teams. (December 2008) Mary Carmen Triana, B.B.A., The University of Texas at Austin; M.B.A., The University of Arizona Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Bradley Kirkman Organizations use work teams to solve complex problems in innovative ways. As such, an abundance of diverse ideas, suggestions, and information should help organizations generate quality products and remain competitive. Yet, there is research which shows that women do not participate as much as men in face-to-face team interactions. Women often get fewer speaking turns than men, they speak for shorter lengths of time, and they are interrupted more often than men. As a result, women’s ideas may often be overlooked in work settings. This is problematic, because women make up 46 percent of the United States workforce, and not being active participants in meetings could results in underutilization of roughly half of the firm’s human capital. This study investigated whether the order of face-to-face and virtual communication used by virtual teams could be used as one means of increasing inclusion and participation of women in male-dominated teams. Results from 82 teams confirmed that women felt more included in the team when they communicated virtually first and then face-to-face as opposed to face-to-face first and then virtually. Findings supported a four-stage model where the medium of communication influences feelings of inclusion which influences participation (both self-reported and objective). Participation, in turn,
Who are they? national identities of young people living in Australia.

The national identities of thirty-six young adults who reside in Melbourne, Australia were examined. Aided by qualitative data, this study shows that young people in Australia have developed a complex understanding of their national identities. Through the influence of family, place, education, language and appearance the respondents reflexively (Giddens, 1991: 53) constructed their national identities. Many of their national identities were hybrid (Nederveen Pieterse, 1994, 2001) recognizing their residence in multicultural Australia as well as their diverse heritages. These hybrid national identities were varied as the respondents’ attachment to their heritage national identity existed along a continuum (Nederveen Pieterse, 1994: 172). The respondents’ national identities were also fluid (Noble, Poynting and Tabar, 1999: 42) as the respondents adjusted and modified them to adapt to the circumstances in which they found themselves. Yet these hybrid and fluid national identities are not indicative of fractured and unstable national identities. Rather the respondents’ national identities appear to be solidly constructed and they have a strong sense of who they are. The fluidity and hybridity of the national identities allowed them the flexibility to combine the disparate aspects of their national identities and utilize them to serve them effectively in various situations. The respondents’ fluid, hybrid identities are indicative of contemporary Australia where the population is made up of people with heritages from all areas of the globe who live together in a multicultural society. However Australia’s past including its White Australia and assimilation policies retain some resonance. Social constructions of Australian national identity as being white and Anglo and the expectation that migrants ‘fit into Australian society’ remain. Whilst people from any background were perceived by the respondents to have access to an Australian national identity, a hierarchy (Hage, 1998) was evident where those with more social capital had preferential access to this identity. The respondents noted social activities and political values as making up this social capital. However the most valuable form of cultural capital for recognition of an Australian national identity was a white-Anglo appearance.
What goes on in the resting-state? A qualitative glimpse into resting-state experience in the scanner

The brain’s resting-state has attracted considerable interest in recent years, but currently little is known either about typical experience during the resting-state or about whether there are inter-individual differences in resting-state phenomenology. We used descriptive experience sampling (DES) in an attempt to apprehend high fidelity glimpses of the inner experience of five participants in an extended fMRI study. Results showed that the inner experiences and the neural activation patterns (as quantified by amplitude of low frequency fluctuations analysis) of the five participants were largely consistent across time, suggesting that our extended-duration scanner sessions were broadly similar to typical resting-state sessions. However, there were very large individual differences in inner phenomena, suggesting that the resting-state itself may differ substantially from one participant to the next. We describe these individual differences in experiential characteristics and display some typical moments of resting-state experience. We also show that retrospective characterizations of phenomena can often be very different from moment-by-moment reports. We discuss implications for the assessment of inner experience in neuroimaging studies more generally, concluding that it may be possible to use fMRI to investigate neural correlates of phenomena apprehended in high fidelity.
Drug Utilisation Study in a Tertiary Care Center: Recommendations for Improving Hospital Drug Dispensing Policies

Drug therapy accounts for a major portion of health expenditure. A useful strategy for achieving cost efficient healthcare is drug utilisation research as it forms the basis for making amendments in drug policies and helps in rational drug use. The present observational study was conducted to generate data on drug utilization in inpatients of our tertiary care hospital to identify potential targets for improving drug prescribing patterns. Data was collected retrospectively from randomly selected 231 medical records of patients admitted in various wards of the hospital. WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose methodology was used to assess drug utilisation data and drug prescriptions were analysed by WHO core drug indicators. Antibiotics were prescribed most frequently and also accounted for majority of drug costs. The prescribed daily dose for most of the antibiotics corresponded to defined daily dose reflecting adherence to international recommendations. Brand name prescribing and polypharmacy was very common.78% of the total drugs prescribed were from the National List of Essential Medicines 2003. Restricting the use of newer and costlier antibiotics, branded drugs and number of drugs per prescription could be considered as targets to cut down the cost of drug therapysignificantly.
Automated evaluation of urban traffic congestion using bus as a probe

This paper presents an algorithm for the automated analysis and evaluation of vehicular traffic congestion in urban areas. The proposed approach is based on the concept of bus as a probe and makes use of GPS-generated data provided by a local transit bus tracking system. Archived GPS pulses are analyzed offline to extract valuable indices related to general urban traffic characteristics and aimed at generating a detailed view of the urban roads congestion. This information is useful both for policy makers, to effectively address the management of sustainable mobility in urban areas, and for citizens, to acquire awareness about congestion times and location zones. The presented algorithm is applied to a part of the urban road network of the municipality of Bari (Italy).
Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay in the diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND Early detection of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is of primary importance for both patient management and infection control. Optimal methods for identifying MDR-TB in a timely and affordable manner in resource-limited settings are not yet available. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the performance of a low-technology but rapid drug susceptibility testing method, the microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS), in the concurrent detection of M. tuberculosis and its susceptibility to isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RMP) directly from sputum specimens. METHODS A total of 115 smear-positive TB patients admitted to Abbasia Chest Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, were simultaneously tested using MODS and the BACTEC MGIT 960 mycobacterial detection system for the detection of M. tuberculosis and the identification of MDR-TB samples. RESULTS MODS detected 112 (97.4%) samples and BACTEC MGIT detected 115 (100%). Of the 115 isolates tested for susceptibility to INH, RMP and MDR-TB, complete agreement between MODS and MGIT results was found among respectively 92.9%, 95.5% and 97.3% of samples. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of MODS in the detection of MDR-TB were respectively 95.3%, 98.6%, 97.6% and 97.1%. MODS results were obtained in a median of 8 days (range 5-21). CONCLUSION MODS is an optimal alternative method for timely and affordable identification of MDR-TB in resource-limited settings.
Tabula rasa: Model transfer for object category detection

Our objective is transfer training of a discriminatively trained object category detector, in order to reduce the number of training images required. To this end we propose three transfer learning formulations where a template learnt previously for other categories is used to regularize the training of a new category. All the formulations result in convex optimization problems. Experiments (on PASCAL VOC) demonstrate significant performance gains by transfer learning from one class to another (e.g. motorbike to bicycle), including one-shot learning, specialization from class to a subordinate class (e.g. from quadruped to horse) and transfer using multiple components. In the case of multiple training samples it is shown that a detection performance approaching that of the state of the art can be achieved with substantially fewer training samples.
An introduction to critical discourse analysis in education

An Introduction To Critical Discourse Analysis In Education Are you looking for ebook an introduction to critical discourse analysis in education? You will be glad to know that right now an introduction to critical discourse analysis in education is available on our online library. With our online resources, you can find an introduction to critical discourse analysis in education easily without hassle, since there are more than millions titles available in our ebook databases.
Detection of facial features of frontal face color images

Human face detection plays an important role in application such as video surveillance, human computer interface, face recognition and face image database management. Automatic detection of facial features of image is an important stage of various image interpretation works, such as facial expression recognition, face recognition, facial features tracking and 3D face modeling etc. Detection of facial features like eye, pupil, mouth, nose, nostrils, lip corners, eye corners etc., with different facial expression is a challenging task. In this paper, we present a method for automatic detection of facial features. A novel technique using the concepts of facial geometry is used to locate the mouth, eyes and nose positions.
Subsurface properties and early activity of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Heat transport and ice sublimation in comets are interrelated processes reflecting properties acquired at the time of formation and during subsequent evolution. The Microwave Instrument on the Rosetta Orbiter (MIRO) acquired maps of the subsurface temperature of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, at 1.6 mm and 0.5 mm wavelengths, and spectra of water vapor. The total H2O production rate varied from 0.3 kg s–1 in early June 2014 to 1.2 kg s–1 in late August and showed periodic variations related to nucleus rotation and shape. Water outgassing was localized to the “neck” region of the comet. Subsurface temperatures showed seasonal and diurnal variations, which indicated that the submillimeter radiation originated at depths comparable to the diurnal thermal skin depth. A low thermal inertia (~10 to 50 J K–1 m–2 s–0.5), consistent with a thermally insulating powdered surface, is inferred.
University Teachers And Students’ Perceptions Of ELT Methodologies And Their Effectiveness

Since the mid 1970’s, a number of Asian countries have been concerned with economicreform and a firmer position in the global market. As such, a great deal of attention hasbeen devoted to the improvement of English language teaching and learning, especially atthe tertiary level. The purpose of this study was to investigate English language teachingand learning at three universities located on China’s mainland so as to identify issuesworthy of more in-depth investigation. Perceptions sought from 25 English teachers and312 English majors included: degree of satisfaction with materials and facilities;importance of English skill areas; effectiveness of teaching methods used; and factorscontributing to effective language learning. Questionnaire data also includedteacher/student talk time and how classes were typically structured. In addition, teacherswere asked to give their views of their roles in the class and the importance of variousassessment factors. Students were asked to indicate their perceptions for learning English,their perceived responsibilities in class, and their mastery of various English skills.One issue which emerged was the perception by students that they have little opportunityto practise English in the class. Teachers dominate “talk time” and this, combined with alack of group work, indicate that little actual change has taken place regarding traditionalteacher and learner roles in the classroom. Both groups were dissatisfied with textbooksand felt a lack of involvement when selecting materials or deciding syllabi. An interestingfinding was the emphasis students placed on the importance of the social universityenvironment for their success in English.
Redistribution and Recognition : Reconciling Inequalities

Abstract This paper examines the traditional dichotomy between measures addressing socio-economic inequalities and those aimed at inequality based on status, such as race, gender, disability or sexual orientation. Using the conceptual framework of recognition and redistribution developed by Nancy Fraser and others, I argue that it is no longer tenable to keep the two spheres separate. Constructing a concept of socio-economic equality without considering the implications for status-based inequality can be damaging andineffective. Conversely, status-based measures are limited by their inability to mobilise the redistributive measures necessary to make real equality of opportunity and genuine choice possible. The paper begins by examining the interaction between socio-economic and status-based equality. I then sketch out a multi-dimensional notion of substantive equality which attempts to create a synthesis between the aims of both spheres. In the final part, I make some very tentative suggestions as to how the interpenetration can be more meaningfully captured in legal frameworks.
Through the Looking Glass: Differential Noradenergic Modulation of Prefrontal Cortical Function

Norepinephrine (NE) facilitates the functioning of many brain areas, otten by increasing "signals" relative to "noise". In most brain regions, NE enhances neural processing through actions at beta and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. This review will provide a brief overview of the receptor mechanisms influencing subcortical and posterior cortical functions and contrast these actions with the very different mechanisms by which NE modulates the working memory functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC; Fig. 1).
Findings - Retailer Promotion Pass-Through: A Measure, Its Magnitude, and Its Determinants

We use data on all manufacturer funding and promotion activity by a major U.S. retailer during a two-year period to compute promotion pass-through and assess its magnitude. Then, we estimate a two-tiered probit and lognormal regression model to study drivers of the large variation we observe in pass-through rates. Although our analysis is based on data from a single retailer, it provides a much more complete picture of the magnitude and variability of pass-through than has been available to date. Some key insights from our work are as follows. First, the retailer passes through more than 100% of the total manufacturer funding it receives in aggregate, but the median pass-through rate for individual manufacturers is much lower than 100%. Second, some manufacturers are promoted even without funding. This is more likely for private label and high-share manufacturers in high-lift and high-margin categories. Third, a small number of manufacturer and category characteristics explain a significant amount of the variation in pass-through. In particular, pass-through is higher for private label. It increases with the share of the manufacturer in the focal category but also with the sales of that manufacturer in other categories. Categories with high sales, high promotion lift, low concentration, and low margin get more pass-through. We corroborate some recent conclusions in the literature, e.g., that some pass-through rates are much higher than 100% and that high-share manufacturers get more pass-through. We add several new insights, e.g., on the magnitude of aggregate pass-through, on cross-pass-through across and within categories, on pass-through for private label, and on the category drivers of pass-through.
Male Youth With Eating Disorders: Clinical and Medical Characteristics of a Sample of Inpatients

A retrospective chart review was conducted to elucidate the clinical and medical characteristics of male youth admitted to a tertiary inpatient treatment center for eating disorders. A total of 23 male youth were identified who had received treatment between January 2003 and February 2014, and for whom charts were available. The majority of the sample (n = 19; 82.6%) received a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, and the data suggest that these male youth were significantly medically compromised. The patterns in this data will be discussed in the context of previous published research on male youth with eating disorders.
Investigation of the factors that influence employees' participation in development activities.

In a field study, the factors that influence employees' participation in development activities are investigated. The proposed model hypothesized that the influence of self-efficacy and work environment perceptions on development activity is mediated by learning attitudes, perceptions of development needs, and perceived benefits. Attitudinal and perceptional data and self-report and objective measures of development activity were collected from employees in health maintenance (N = 343), financial services (N = 196), and public sector engineering firms (N = 496). No statistical support was found for the proposed mediated relation. However, motivation to learn, perception of benefits, and work environment perceptions had significant unique effects on development activity
Collateral Pricing

We examine how collateral affects the cost of debt capital. Theories based on borrower moral hazard and limited pledgeable income predict that collateral increases the availability of credit and reduces its price. Testing these theories is complicated by the very selection problem which they imply: creditors will demand collateral precisely from those borrowers who are riskier. This selection problem leads to a positive relation in the data between the presence of collateral and the loan yield. Analyzing the extensive margin of collateral use, therefore, masks the hypothesized negative impact that collateral exhibits on debt yields. To alleviate this problem, we analyze the intensive, rather than extensive, margin of collateral use. We construct a novel data set of secured credit issued by U.S. airlines. Our results show that debt tranches that are secured by more redeployable collateral exhibit higher credit ratings and lower credit spreads. Our results suggest that the ability to pledge collateral, and in particular redeployable collateral, lowers the cost of external financing.
Predictable healing of femoral neck fractures treated with intraoperative compression and length-stable implants.

OBJECTIVES A healed, yet shortened, femoral neck has historically been deemed a success in fracture treatment. This, however, comes at the price of diminished physical function and quality of life. We analyzed the outcomes of our treatment algorithm, which attempts to minimize postoperative shortening of femoral neck fractures and determined which preoperative factors were associated with femoral neck shortening and failure of surgical fixation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE This is level IV retrospective study. MATERIALS Fifty-four patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation for acute femoral neck fracture with nonsliding constructs. The collapse of the femoral neck in the horizontal (X), vertical (Y), and along the resultant along the (Z) vector (X+Y=Z) was measured on anteroposterior radiographs corrected for leg rotation. The migration of the superior-most screw tip in all axes was measured. Age, gender, Garden grade, and Pauwel's angle were analyzed for their association with shortening or failure of surgical fixation. RESULTS The average age of the patients was 78.1 years. There were 23 Garden I, 2 Garden II, 14 Garden III, and 15 Garden IV fractures. Fifty-one (94%) healed successfully without complications. The minimum follow-up was 9 months (average, 17.6 months; range, 9-30 months). Surgical fixation failed in two patients, and one patient developed avascular necrosis. The average displacement of the femoral head and the screw tip was 1.23, 0.86, 1.98 mm and 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, and 1.7 mm in the X, Y, and Z (resultant) vectors, respectively. DISCUSSION With careful consideration to reduction, we fixed femoral neck fractures with nonsliding constructs, resulting in a high union rate with very minimal shortening of the femoral neck.
FCGR2C genotyping by pyrosequencing reveals linkage disequilibrium with FCGR3A V158F and FCGR2A H131R polymorphisms in a Caucasian population

The FCGR3A-V158F and FCGR2A-H131R polymorphisms are associated with clinical responses to therapeutic mAbs and with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The FCGR2C-ORF/STOP polymorphism, controlling FcγRIIC expression on natural killer cells and therefore FcγRIIC-mediated antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, is also associated with ITP. Using a new pyrosequencing assay to determine this polymorphism in a control population, we observed the expected allele frequencies (ORF:12.6%) and percentages of individuals with a single copy (10.0%) or 3 copies (12.1%) of FCGR2C, or with at least one FCGR2C-ORF allele (20.1%). No association of FCGR2C copy number variations with the FCGR3A-V158F or FCGR2A-H131R genotype was detected. More importantly, our results demonstrate a strong and a weaker linkage disequilibrium associating the FCGR2C-ORF allele with the FCGR3A-158V and the FCGR2A-131H allele, respectively.