Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Teachers' Evaluations and Students' Learning Outcomes Using Multimedia Drills in Primary Education

The Relationship Between Teachers' Evaluations and Students' Learning Outcomes Using Multimedia Drills in Primary Education The present study highlights the implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) in education via the use of many educational software programs from the Internet, which every teacher can use with their students. Some learning materials are produced by individuals who are not aware of the pedagogical principles and do not know how to produce effective educational software. Therefore, the question arises: Are the teachers competent in choosing multimedia learning materials? And if they compose multimedia learning materials by themselves, are they aware of the features of multimedia which are effective or which hinder learning? The study was carried out to seek answers to these questions and find out the relationships between the teachers' evaluation of software used and the learning outcomes by students in primary education. The results are based on a correlation study where 34 multimedia drills and practice materials were used for learning. Each multimedia drill was evaluated by ten primary teachers, who had used these drills with their students and saw how the students managed with each particular drill. The evaluations by the teachers were gathered by means of questionnaires, using a 10-point scale covering 17 aspects of the drills. Each drill was used by 80 students of the 3rd form from the same schools. The learning outcomes provided by the students were evaluated by pre- and post-tests. The results of the study imply that the teachers were not able to recognise efficient multimedia learning materials.
Recontextualizing European higher education policies: the cases of Austria and Romania

This paper explores, in some detail at the European Union scale, processes and relationships of recontextualization between higher education and other EU policy fields, including for instance the recontextualization of ‘competitiveness rhetoric’ and ‘globalization rhetoric’ in HE policy documents. We trace the implementation of the Bologna Process in two EU member states, Austria and Romania, illustrating the effects of these very different socio-political and historical contexts on EU standardization processes through a detailed discourse analytic study of recontextualization processes of policy documents. This paper integrates two approaches in critical discourse analysis, Fairclough's dialectic-relational approach and Wodak's discourse-historical approach, by introducing recontextualization as a salient critical discourse analysis category and explaining its relationship to other categories within a discourse-analytical approach to (or ‘point of entry’ into) trans-disciplinary research on social change.
‘Arierdämmerung’: race and archaeology in Nazi Germany

Abstract Archaeological evidence under the auspices of the National Socialist regime was exaggerated, misrepresented and otherwise abused in various ways to support contemporary military and social agendas, ranging from invasion to genocide. This chapter will review and analyze the complex interplay between several organizations within the Nazi party from 1933 to 1945 that were actively involved in promoting or conducting archaeological research designed to underwrite the ‘racial hygiene’ agenda of the regime. Not only do the roots of this deadly symbiosis pre-date the twentieth century, they were neither uniquely German nor ultimately able to flourish unchallenged even in a totalitarian regime with all the oppressive mechanisms for social control at its disposal.
A Conceptual Analysis of Equality and Equity in Evolutionary Perspective

The purposes of this paper are ( 1 ) to clarify the meaning of two important concepts of social analysis: equality-inequality and equity-inequity and (2) to suggest an evolutionary interpretation of the causes and effects of long-term changes in each. Of necessity in such a brief paper I deal in abstractions-and a &dquo;theory&dquo; of history without the history. Yet such a summaryand preliminary-attempt may be useful today when so much intellectual energy and so many efforts to direct social change focus on equality and social justice.
“Authenticity” and “Foreign Talent” in Singapore: The Relative and Negative Logic of National Identity

Singapore’s constitutive sociocultural hybridity has meant that this postcolonial island-nation’s national identity has always been a problematic construct. The developmental state’s pragmatism and self-re-inventiveness further undermine the efforts to construct a stable national identity, frustrating the desire for an authentic nationhood in the essentialist and positive sense. Focus on the more recently arrived “foreign talent” subjects who inhabit the margins of the Singaporean imagination of the national body informs an alternative analytical angle on the question of Singaporean national identity. It is suggested that a sense of national togetherness and belonging emerges through constructing these national Others as “inauthentic”. Examination of two particularly visible and controversial types of “foreign talent” in Singapore — foreign sports professionals and foreign students who have received scholarships from the Singapore government — and of the ways in which they are discursively framed suggests that the “foreign talent” unwittingly constitute a relative and negative solution to Singapore’s national identity problem.
Meeting the challenges of teaching in a different cultural environment – evidence from graduate management schools in Thailand

In this paper we describe the efforts of foreign university teachers in graduate schools in Thailand as they incorporate cultural knowledge into their classroom teaching styles and methodology. Through in-depth semi-structured interviews we have gathered qualitative data on the teachers’ concerns, mindsets and their proposed solutions. We build up our discussion in several stages. We set the scene by discussing the importance of cultural sensitivity in settings where teacher and learners have different cultural backgrounds. We then introduce the concept of cultural intelligence and use this to help us examine the literature on cultural sensitivity in teaching from a new perspective. We then describe the cultural context of teaching in Thailand and offer empirical data from our respondents’ experiences. From our research data we identified five main aspects of Thai culture where teachers felt the need to expand/adapt their existing teaching repertoires. These aspects are: fun/sanuk; hierarchy/kreng jai; authority with a kind heart/jai dee; collectivist group activities; and localized class content. We discuss our findings in relation to cultural adjustments that the teachers sought to make and, in conclusion, link this discussion to our earlier examination of cultural intelligence.
Analysis methods of EEG signals: A review in EEG application for brain disorder

The electroencephalograph (EEG) is a medical modality that plays crucial roles in detecting, displaying and recording electrical activity in the brain. This paper reviews the analysis method of EEG signal for common diseases in Malaysia which are autism, Cerebral Palsy (CP), Parkinson and schizophrenia from Malaysian and worldwide research paper that has been published. Fast Fourier Transform, Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and event-related potential (ERP) are some of the techniques used in analyzing EEG signal were discussed in this paper. It can be concluded that EEG plays its role as a detection tool to detect the disease in the early stage, rehabilitation, classification or as an assistive tool for the patient according to the needs of the diseases.
Levels and patterns of expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, glucose transporter‐1 and CD105 in adenoid cystic carcinomas with high‐grade transformation

Costa A F, Tasso M G, Mariano F V, Soares A B, Chone C T, Crespo A N, Fresno M F, Llorente J L, Suárez C, de Araújo V C, Hermsen M & Altemani A (2012) Histopathology 60, 816–837
The development of an alternative in-service programme for Korean science teachers with an emphasis on science-technology-society

This study looks at the effects of a science-technology-society (STS) in-service programme, designed to change teachers' awareness and practice of STS/constructivist approaches, while also focusing on students' understandings and changes of perceptions of the constructivist learning environments. The STS in-service programme was developed to achieve the following features: teacher-oriented, teaching in a social context, emphasis on a 'constructivist' approach, developing STS units and their use in classrooms. A total of 20 middle and high school science teachers participated in the in-service programme in 1998; and three of the middle school teachers were selected to gain information from their implementation of a Reactions of Acids and Bases unit in their respective classrooms. The Science Education Reform Inventory was administered to all the teachers at both the opening and the end of the programme. One hundred twenty-five students of the three teachers experienced about 16 class hours of lessons comprising the new STS unit. At the beginning and the end of the unit, they completed the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey. In order to assess student understanding, teachers administered the creativity test before and after the unit; and the concept acquisition test and the application test after the unit. Students obtained at average 48% of the 35 key concepts and 6.6 additional non-key concepts after the unit was finished. Students made more relevant and creative responses on unfamiliar situations on the post-test than on the pre-test. Through several tasks including a short essay, students showed their abilities to apply various concepts related to acids and bases to daily life situation. It was found that the STS programme improved the teachers' awareness and practices of the science education reforms characterized by STS and constructivism. The middle school science teachers could develop STS units which they implemented in their own classrooms. They could work together in developing units and reflecting on their teachings through video recordings of science classes. They were willing to assess various aspects of learning such as creativity, application and concept acquisition. Students perceived that the classroom environments improved in terms of personal relevance of contents, scientific uncertainty and student participation. The results showed that the STS in-service programme was effective and could be implemented successfully with Korean science teachers.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF BACILLUS MEGATERIUM UNDERGOING ISOLATION OF ITS NUCLEAR BODIES

Fitz-James, Philip (University of Western Ontario, London, Canada). Electron microscopy of Bacillus megaterium undergoing isolation of its nucelar bodies. J. Bacteriol. 87:1202–1210. 1964. —The various steps of treatment leading to the isolation of nuclear bodies were followed by thin-section electron microscopy. Nuclear rearrangement (condensation then dispersion) accompanied the treatment of washed rejuvenated cells with sucrose stabilizing buffer. Liberation of protoplasts with lysozyme did not greatly alter nuclear form. Strongly cationic buffers used for subsequent lipase digestion again caused a marked aggregation of the nucleoids. The isolated nuclear bodies were found as masses of uranyl- and lead-stainable fibers in various degrees of aggregation, possibly damaged by the isolation procedures.
Barriers and enablers for visually impaired students at a UK Higher Education Institution

The present study explored the factors which represent barriers and enablers to participation in Higher Education for students who are visually impaired. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine visually impaired students who were studying at a Higher Education Institution in the United Kingdom. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis revealed four higher-order themes: the student’s attitude (i.e. self identity, positive aspects of being visually impaired, engagement with support), institutional provision (i.e. campus navigability, central services support, school-level support), external support (i.e. travelling to and from campus, external financial support) and others’ attitudes (i.e. parental attitudes, staff attitudes). These findings are discussed with reference to how institutions may enhance the experience of not only visually impaired, but all Higher Education students.
How Do Coaches Identify With Their Role as a Coach? Exploring Coach Identity Through a Role Identity Theory Lens

This study was designed to explore the coach identity through the meanings and prominence ascribed to the coaching role from a role identity theory perspective (McCall & Simmons, 1978). Participants (n = 8), ranging in age from 22 to 61 years old, reported coaching on average about 19 years and primarily coached university- to national-level athletes. Results from the semistructured interview with the participants yielded a thematic tree that consisted of two higher-order themes (coach meanings and coach identity prominence). Coach meaning was refined into three categories: coaching behavioral expectations, coaching characteristics, and ultimate coaching purposes. Coach identity prominence was composed of two categories: coaching centrality/importance and coaching emotions. There were 21 lower-order themes that were associated with these categories. Results from this study provided initial support for the conceptualizations put forth by role identity theorists, and offered initial insight for (a) the development of identity-based coaching scales, and (b) examination of the coach identity nomological network.
TWEAK/Fn14 and Non-Canonical NF-kappaB Signaling in Kidney Disease

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. However, there is no effective therapy for AKI and current approaches only slow down, but do not prevent progression of CKD. TWEAK is a TNF superfamily cytokine. A solid base of preclinical data suggests a role of therapies targeting the TWEAK or its receptor Fn14 in AKI and CKD. In particular TWEAK/Fn14 targeting may preserve renal function and decrease cell death, inflammation, proteinuria, and fibrosis in mouse animal models. Furthermore there is clinical evidence for a role of TWEAK in human kidney injury including increased tissue and/or urinary levels of TWEAK and parenchymal renal cell expression of the receptor Fn14. In this regard, clinical trials of TWEAK targeting are ongoing in lupus nephritis. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation plays a key role in TWEAK-elicited inflammatory responses. Activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway is a critical difference between TWEAK and TNF. TWEAK activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathways promotes inflammatory responses in tubular cells. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the role of non-canonical NF-κB activation in kidney disease and on its contribution to TWEAK actions in vivo.
“A Fragment of Heaven on Earth”? Religion, Gender, and Family in Turn-of-the-Century Canadian Church Periodicals

This article examines the ideals and anxieties about gender, family, and religion expressed in nineteen turn-of-the-century Canadian Christian journals. This article reveals the existence of a range of common ideals across denominations. Idealization of the Christian home was shared as was a profoundly unrealistic idealization of the Christian role of mothers. While religious anxieties were similar in many ways across denominations and regions, they did differ in both expected and more surprising directions. Anxieties about men’s religious roles were strongest in British Columbia, where a skewed gender ratio left many men without the “civilizing” and Christianizing influence of white women. While young men were the focus in British Columbia, francophone Catholics tended to focus more attention on the religiously delinquent husband and father. Despite efforts to draw men into family prayer, most denominations recognized the increasingly strong association between women, Christianity, and the home and granted women Christian leadership roles in this important sphere.
Severity and Frequency of Reactive and Instrumental Violent Offending

A common practice in forensic research is to distinguish between reactive and instrumental violence, but recent critics have asserted that these subtypes of violence are not orthogonal and that this distinction has outlived its usefulness. To test the validity of the reactive–instrumental distinction, the authors reviewed the official files of 71 violent male offenders to determine the frequency and severity of reactive and instrumental violent offending. Overall, 79% of violent offenses could be categorized as purely instrumental or purely reactive, and as hypothesized, reactive violent offenses were more severe than instrumental violent offenses. Both parametric and nonparametric correlation analyses indicated that the frequency of instrumental violent offending was negatively related to the frequency of reactive violent offending. These findings support the reactive–instrumental distinction. Implications pertaining to offender specialization, the general theory of crime, and specialized rehabilitation programs are discussed.
Research on work engagement is well and alive

This contribution comments on the article by Bakker, Albrecht, and Leiter on “Key Questions Regarding Work Engagement” (2011 this issue). I argue that it is important to conceptually distinguish between work engagement and burnout measures and to relate the vigour-dedication-absorption conceptualization of work engagement to other engagement concepts. State work engagement should receive more attention in future engagement studies, with a particular emphasis on fluctuations within days. Moreover, the role of task features should come more into the forefront of engagement research. Future research might benefit from examining potential negative effects of work engagement by addressing domain-specific implications, by testing curvilinear relationship, and by examining moderator variables.
Black/White Disparities in Receipt of Treatment and Survival Among Men With Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

PURPOSE To examine the extent of black/white disparities in receipt of treatment and survival for early-stage breast cancer in men age 18 to 64 and ≥ 65 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS We identified 725 non-Hispanic black (black) and 5,247 non-Hispanic white (white) men diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer from 2004 to 2011 in the National Cancer Data Base. We used multivariable logistic regression and calculated standardized risk ratios to predict receipt of treatment and a proportional hazards model to estimate overall hazard ratios (HRs) in black versus white men age 18 to 64 and ≥ 65 years, separately. RESULTS Receipt of treatment was remarkably similar between blacks and whites in both age groups. Black and white older men had lower receipt of chemotherapy (39.2% and 42.0%, respectively) compared with younger patients (76.7% and 79.3%, respectively). Younger black men had a 76% higher risk of death than younger white men after adjustment for clinical factors only (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.78), but this difference significantly diminished after subsequent adjustment for insurance and income (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.83 to 2.24). In those age ≥ 65 years, the excess risk of death in blacks versus whites was nonsignificant and not affected by adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSION The excess risk of death in black versus white men diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer was largely confined to those age 18 to 64 years and became nonsignificant after adjustment for differences in insurance and income. These findings suggest the importance of improving access to care in reducing racial disparities in male breast cancer mortality.
Feel Safe: a pilot study of a protective behaviours programme for people with intellectual disability

A pilot study of a group programme designed to increase personal safety skills in adults with intellectual disability is described. Feel Safe, a curriculum based on Flandreau-West's protective behaviours anti-victimisation and empowerment process, aims to teach the protective behaviours themes "we all have the right to feel safe all the time" and "nothing is so awful that we can't talk with someone about it"; how to recognise unsafe situations; and a range of personal coping and problem-solving skills. A quasi-experimental control group design (10 adults in each group) with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up assessments aimed to determine whether participants attending the Feel Safe programme understood and retained the content of the sessions, increased their use of protective behaviours skills and concepts, and perceived themselves as being safer and more satisfied with how safe they felt. The results were promising. They suggested that by attending the Feel Safe programme people could increase their knowledge of personal safety skills and actually apply this knowledge in their day-to-day lives. Participants in the experimental group were not found, however, to perceive themselves as being safer or more satisfied with how safe they felt. Psychometric properties of two new instruments to assess knowledge and use protective behaviours skills were also investigated and are reported.
Automatic thresholding for frame-repositioning using external tracking in PET brain imaging

Motion correction (MC) in positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging become of higher importance with increasing scanner resolution. Several motion correction methods have been suggested and so far the Polaris Vicra tracking system has been the preferred one for motion registration. We present an automated algorithm for dividing PET acquisitions into subframes based on the registered head motion to correct for intra-frame motion with the frame repositioning MC method. The method is tested on real patient data (five 11C-SB studies and five 11C-PIB studies) and compared with an image based registration method (AIR). Quantitative evaluation was done using a correlation measure. The study shows that MC improves the correlation of the PET images and that AIR performed slightly better than the Polaris Vicra. We found significant intra-frame motion of 1–5 mm in 9 frames but the correlation was not significantly improved using intra-frame MC.
Evolution and Survival of Marine Carnivores Did Not Require a Diversity of Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptors or Ly49 NK Cell Receptors1

Ly49 lectin-like receptors and killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) are structurally unrelated cell surface glycoproteins that evolved independently to function as diverse NK cell receptors for MHC class I molecules. Comparison of primates and various domesticated animals has shown that species have either a diverse Ly49 or KIR gene family, but not both. In four pinniped species of wild marine carnivore, three seals and one sea lion, we find that Ly49 and KIR are each represented by single, orthologous genes that exhibit little polymorphism and are transcribed to express cell surface protein. Pinnipeds are therefore species in which neither Ly49 nor KIR are polygenic, but retain the ancestral single-copy state. Whereas pinniped Ly49 has been subject to purifying selection, we find evidence for positive selection on KIR3DL during pinniped evolution. This selection, which focused on the D0 domain and the stem, points to the functionality of the KIR and most likely led to the sea lion’s loss of D0. In contrast to the dynamic and rapid evolution of the KIR and Ly49 genes in other species, the pinniped KIR and Ly49 have been remarkably stable during the >33 million years since the last common ancestor of seals and sea lions. These results demonstrate that long-term survival of placental mammal species need not require a diverse system of either Ly49 or KIR NK cell receptors.