Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome-Wide Identification of RNA Targets of Arabidopsis SERINE/ARGININE-RICH45 Uncovers the Unexpected Roles of This RNA Binding Protein in RNA Processing[OPEN]

Genome-wide analysis reveals RNA targets of the RNA binding protein SR45, cis-elements that likely mediate this interaction, and an unexpected role for SR45 in mRNA processing of intronless genes. Plant SR45 and its metazoan ortholog RNPS1 are serine/arginine-rich (SR)-like RNA binding proteins that function in splicing/postsplicing events and regulate diverse processes in eukaryotes. Interactions of SR45 with both RNAs and proteins are crucial for regulating RNA processing. However, in vivo RNA targets of SR45 are currently unclear. Using RNA immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing, we identified over 4000 Arabidopsis thaliana RNAs that directly or indirectly associate with SR45, designated as SR45-associated RNAs (SARs). Comprehensive analyses of these SARs revealed several roles for SR45. First, SR45 associates with and regulates the expression of 30% of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling genes at the postsplicing level. Second, although most SARs are derived from intron-containing genes, surprisingly, 340 SARs are derived from intronless genes. Expression analysis of the SARs suggests that SR45 differentially regulates intronless and intron-containing SARs. Finally, we identified four overrepresented RNA motifs in SARs that likely mediate SR45’s recognition of its targets. Therefore, SR45 plays an unexpected role in mRNA processing of intronless genes, and numerous ABA signaling genes are targeted for regulation at the posttranscriptional level. The diverse molecular functions of SR45 uncovered in this study are likely applicable to other species in view of its conservation across eukaryotes.
Headaches in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Might Imply an Inflammatorial Process

Recent studies on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathology mention the involvement of “tertiary B cell follicles” in MS pathogenesis. This inflammatory process, which occurs with interindividually great variance, might be a link between MS pathology and headaches. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of headaches and of subtypes of headaches (migraine, cluster, tension-type headache [TTH]) in an unselected MS collective and to compile possibly influencing factors. Unselected MS patients (n = 180) with and without headache were examined by a semi-structured interview using a questionnaire about headache, depression and the health status. Additionally clinical MS data (expanded disability state score [EDSS], MS course, medication, disease duration) were gathered. N = 98 MS patients (55.4%) reported headaches in the previous 4 weeks. We subsequently grouped headache patients according to the IHS criteria and detected 16 (16.3%) MS patients suffering from migraine (migraine with aura: 2 [2%]; migraine without aura: 14 [14.3%]), 23 (23.5%) suffering from TTH and none with a cluster headache. Thus, headaches of 59 (60.2%) MS patients remained unclassified. When comparing MS patients with and without headaches significant differences in age, gender, MS course, physical functioning, pain and social functioning occurred. MS patients with headaches were significantly younger of age (p = 0.001), female (p = 0.001) and reported more often of a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing/remitting MS (RRMS) instead of secondary chronic progressive MS (SCP). EDSS was significantly lower in MS patients suffering from headaches compared to the MS patients without headaches (p = 0.001). In conclusion headache in MS patients is a relevant symptom, especially in early stages of the MS disease. Especially unclassified headache seems to represent an important symptom in MS course and requires increased attention.
Characterizing Performance of Applications on Blue Gene/Q

Recently the latest generation of Blue Gene machines became available. In this paper we introduce general metrics to characterize the performance of applications and apply it to a diverse set of applications running on Blue Gene/Q. The applications range from regular, floating-point bound to irregular event-simulator like types. We argue that the proposed metrics are suitable to characterize the performance for a larger set of computational science applications running on today’s massively-parallel systems. They therefore do not only allow to assess usability of the Blue Gene/Q architecture for the considered (types of) applications. They also provide more general information on application requirements and valuable input for evaluating the usability of various architectural features, i.e. information, which is needed for future co-design efforts aiming for exascale performance.
Multiple Regions of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus ORF59 RNA are Required for Its Expression Mediated by Viral ORF57 and Cellular RBM15

KSHV ORF57 (MTA) promotes RNA stability of ORF59, a viral DNA polymerase processivity factor. Here, we show that the integrity of both ORF59 RNA ends is necessary for ORF57-mediated ORF59 expression and deletion of both 5’ and 3’ regions, or one end region with a central region, of ORF59 RNA prevents ORF57-mediated translation of ORF59. The ORF59 sequence between nt 96633 and 96559 resembles other known MTA-responsive elements (MREs). ORF57 specifically binds to a stem-loop region from nt 96596–96572 of the MRE, which also binds cellular RBM15. Internal deletion of the MRE from ORF59 led to poor export, but accumulation of nuclear ORF59 RNA in the presence of ORF57 or RBM15. Despite of being translatable in the presence of ORF57, this deletion mutant exhibits translational defect in the presence of RBM15. Together, our results provide novel insight into the roles of ORF57 and RBM15 in ORF59 RNA accumulation and protein translation.
Attitude Change in Student Teachers and Its Relationship to Cooperating Teachers’ Ratings of Student Teachers

Attitudes (MTAI) and teacher preferences (PICS) of 143 student teachers were measured for amount of change occurring from pre to posttest. The change had no relationship to 89 cooperating teachers' ratings of 89 student teachers. The change also had no relationship to attitudes and preferences of cooperating teachers. Elementary student teachers showed different attitudes from junior high or high school student teachers. There was a greater preference for affective teacher characteristics at all levels. There was little relationship between PICS and MTAI for student teachers, and sli.ghtly higher for cooperating teachers. 66 Introduction to Education students increased MT.AI scores over the same period student teachers' MTAI scores decreased. Moderate response set or ,. reality shock"
The contribution of core employees to organizational capabilities and efficiency

This research tested the role of core employees (CEs) in firm competitiveness. The article defines theoretical relations among the value and uniqueness of CEs' knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) and organizational capabilities that define the competitive advantage of the firm; using a sample of Spanish firms with more than 500 employees, it also analyzes empirically whether CEs are associated with organizational efficiency.The HR manager assessed the value and uniqueness of CEs, and a different manager appraised organizational capabilities. We used a formal methodology to test efficiency. A variance analysis indicated a higher organizational capability for firms using the most valuable and unique CEs and data envelopment analysis (DEA) confirmed that such firms had the highest efficiency. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1926 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY VOLUME 31 Reply

Hallberg (1997) used a combination of quasigeostrophic ray tracing and primitive equation numerical simulations to study the propagation of topographic and planetary Rossby waves around an ocean basin with slowly varying but arbitrary topography. When the topographic and planetary vorticity gradients are not parallel to each other, the classical baroclinic and barotropic modes are replaced by modes whose vertical structure varies strongly with the orientation of the wavevector. The low-frequency motions are more aptly described in terms of surfaceor bottom-intensified modes. Ray tracing suggests that the surfaceand bottom-intensified motions should be coupled in localized regions because of the changing physical nature of a single branch of the dispersion relation. At low frequencies and long wavelengths, Hallberg (1997) found that the coupling was confined to regions where the topographic slopes become nearly meridional. But the zonal changes in the orientation of the slopes were essential to this coupling. The assumptions leading to the WKB approximation are strongly violated in the coupling locations in the examples considered by Hallberg (1997), and WKB theory does not provide a useful estimate for the strength of the coupling, either between surfaceand bottom-intensified motions or between the two branches of the dispersion relation. At low frequency, an adiabatic constraint does give an estimate for the strength of the coupling. Hallberg (1997) quantitatively verified this estimate for the strength of the coupling, as well as the location of the coupling, with a series of primitive equation numerical simulations. Vanneste (2001) points out that a well-established extension of WKB theory can be used to estimate the strength of coupling between wave modes. Vanneste then reexamines the strength of coupling between wave modes in the special case of meridionally varying, meridionally sloping topography. Vanneste argues, based
Plasminogen activators in tissue remodeling and invasion: mRNA localization in mouse ovaries and implanting embryos

To assess in vivo the postulated participation of urokinase-type (u-PA) and tissue-type (t-PA) plasminogen activators in processes involving tissue remodeling and cell migration, we have studied the cellular distribution of u-PA and t-PA mRNAs during mouse oogenesis and embryo implantation. By in situ hybridizations, we detected t-PA mRNA in oocytes and u-PA mRNA in granulosa and thecal cells from preovulatory follicles. These findings are compatible with a role for plasminogen activators in oogenesis and follicular disruption. We demonstrated the presence of u-PA mRNA in the invasive and migrating trophoblast cells of 5.5- and 6.5-d-old embryos. At 7.5 days, u-PA mRNA was predominantly localized to trophoblast cells that had reached the deep layers of the uterine wall, while the peripheral trophoblast cells surrounding the presomite stage embryo were devoid of specific signal. In 8.5-d-old embryos abundant u-PA mRNA expression resumed transiently in the giant trophoblast cells at the periphery of the embryo and in the trophoblast cells of the ectoplacental cone, to become undetectable in 10.5-d-old embryos. These observations establish the in vivo expression of the u- PA gene by invading and migrating trophoblast cells in a biphasic time pattern; they are in agreement with the proposed involvement of the enzyme in the extracellular proteolysis accompanying embryo implantation.
Scaling Up Sparse Support Vector Machine by Simultaneous Feature and Sample Reduction

Sparse support vector machine (SVM) is a popular classification technique that can simultaneously learn a small set of the most interpretable features and identify the support vectors. It has achieved great successes in many real-world applications. However, for large-scale problems involving a huge number of samples and ultra-high dimensional features, solving sparse SVMs remains challenging. By noting that sparse SVMs induce sparsities in both feature and sample spaces, we propose a novel approach, which is based on accurate estimations of the primal and dual optima of sparse SVMs, to simultaneously identify the inactive features and samples that are guaranteed to be irrelevant to the outputs. Thus, we can remove the identified inactive samples and features from the training phase, leading to substantial savings in the computational cost without sacrificing the accuracy. Moreover, we show that our method can be extended to multi-class sparse support vector machines. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method is the \emph{first} \emph{static} feature and sample reduction method for sparse SVMs and multi-class sparse SVMs. Experiments on both synthetic and real data sets demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods and the speedup gained by our approach can be orders of magnitude.
Hyperglycemia: A Predictor of Death in Severe Head Injury Patients

Objectives Management of hyperglycemia during an acute sickness in adults is accompanied by improved outcomes. We have designed a prospective study with meticulous attention to exclude all diabetes patients by checking hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c or glycated hemoglobin) to avoid the ill-effects of hyperglycemia in patients with traumatic head injury admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This prospective study included adults with traumatic primary brain injury with a Glasgow coma score of ≥8 necessitating mechanical ventilation treated in the period 2012–2015. After screening 311 patients, 220 were included in the study. Both blood glucose and HbA1c levels of all the patients at admission, as well as blood glucose level after 72 hours, were obtained from the records. The patients were later grouped based on their admission blood glucose levels (<200 mg/dL or ≤200 mg/dL). Injury severity score (ISS) was documented for every patient. As a final point, the outcomes were determined based on the hospital length of stay (HLS) and ICU length of stay (ILS), plusmortality rates. Results About 39% (n = 85) of patients were admitted with hyperglycemia during the study period. The mortality rate in patients with glucose ≤200 mg/dL was 65.8% (N = 56), against 23.7% (N = 32) in the group with glucose <200 mg/dL, with mortality rising as the blood glucose level increased (P = 0.014). Conclusions We conclude that admission hyperglycemia is related with increased mortality rate in head injury patients, and comprehensive treatment of hyperglycemia can improve the outcome of severe head injury patients.
Efficient network architectures for sensor reachback

What makes network architecture efficient? And how do we measure efficiency? In this paper, we study architectural issues in the context of the sensor reachback problem, from an information theoretic perspective. Specifically, we find that in an information-theoretically optimal reachback network, all of the following statements hold: 1) There exists a solution to the problem of transporting the sources over the channels if and only if a suitably defined multicommodity flow is feasible. 2) If a solution exists, then a solution exists based on separate source and channel coding only. 3) When multiple solutions exist, under a natural linear cost model defined in terms of Shannon information, an optimal solution is given by a minimum-cost multicommodity flow. Based on these results we can make a number of statements about what constitutes optimal system architecture for an important class of communication networks, where optimality is defined in a pure information theoretic sense, but has a very clear and intuitive network flow interpretation.
Sense of Belonging, Emotion Regulation, Perceived Social Support and Mental Health among College Students

SENSE OF BELONGING, EMOTION REGULATION, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS Sara Bock Davis Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, 2017 Director: Dr. Robin J. Lewis Perceived social support (PSS) is linked to a range of beneficial effects, but the factors that influence the effectiveness of PSS are less well understood. In their Relational Regulation Theory (RRT), Lakey and Orehek (2011) emphasize the importance of distinguishing the role of individual factors from relational influences on PSS. This study tested the RRT by examining whether the association of PSS to three mental health outcomes (i.e., aggression, binge eating, depressive symptoms) varies by two individual factors: sense of belonging and emotion regulation. With a non-clinical college sample, a series of hierarchical regressions tested whether sense of belonging and adaptive emotion regulation (i.e., cognitive reappraisal) enhanced the association between PSS and mental health symptoms. Maladaptive emotion regulation (i.e., expressive suppression) was also examined, with the expectation of a weakened association between PSS and mental health. Results found few moderation effects as hypothesized, but trends indicated sense of belonging, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression primarily function independently of perceived social support, with PSS becoming a relevant buffer of low internal resources in the presence of greater mental health symptoms. Unexpected support for the RRT was indicated by the consistently detected beneficial effects of sense of belonging, which likely reflects relation influences as well as individual characteristics. Differences in the relations among these variables between European American and African American students were also explored.
Attitudes towards income inequality: ‘Winners’ versus ‘losers’ of the perceived meritocracy

Individuals with a higher social position are more tolerant of current income inequality than individuals with a lower social position. Besides this, attitudes towards income inequality are influenced by inequality-legitimising myths in a given society. Little is known about how these two factors interact. This study combines these two lines of research and argues that different social strata are more polarised in their attitudes towards inequality in societies with strong prevalent meritocratic perceptions. We expect lower-status individuals (i.e. with a lower income or education) to experience a threat to their group esteem and therefore be less likely to support their society’s inequalities in societies with such strong meritocratic perceptions. This hypothesis was tested using data from the International Social Survey Programme 2009 (Social Inequality) on 39 countries. The results show that different social strata are indeed more polarised in their attitudes towards inequality in societies where meritocratic perceptions are more prevalent. Our results are robust for income, but not for education. This suggests that in perceived meritocracies, people regard income as the primary indicator of effort and ability.
Robust , dynamic influence maximization

This paper focuses on new challenges in influence maximization inspired by non-profits’ use of social networks to effect behavioral change in their target populations. Influence maximization is a multiagent problem where the challenge is to select the most influential agents from a population connected by a social network. Specifically, our work is motivated by the problem of spreading messages about HIV prevention among homeless youth using their social network. We show how to compute solutions which are provably close to optimal when the parameters of the influence process are unknown. We then extend our algorithm to a dynamic setting where information about the network is revealed at each stage. Simulation experiments using real world networks collected by the homeless shelter show the advantages of our approach.
The Road From Classical to Quantum Codes: A Hashing Bound Approaching Design Procedure

Powerful quantum error correction codes (QECCs) are required for stabilizing and protecting fragile qubits against the undesirable effects of quantum decoherence. Similar to classical codes, hashing bound approaching QECCs may be designed by exploiting a concatenated code structure, which invokes iterative decoding. Therefore, in this paper, we provide an extensive step-by-step tutorial for designing extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart-aided concatenated quantum codes based on the underlying quantum-to-classical isomorphism. These design lessons are then exemplified in the context of our proposed quantum irregular convolutional code (QIRCC), which constitutes the outer component of a concatenated quantum code. The proposed QIRCC can be dynamically adapted to match any given inner code using EXIT charts, hence achieving a performance close to the hashing bound. It is demonstrated that our QIRCC-based optimized design is capable of operating within 0.4 dB of the noise limit.
ACC+Stop&go maneuvers with throttle and brake fuzzy control

Research on adaptive cruise control (ACC) with Stop&Go maneuvers is presently one of the most important topics in the field of intelligent transportation systems. The main feature of such controllers is that there is adaptation to a user-preset speed and, if necessary, speed reduction to keep a safe distance from the vehicle ahead in the same lane of the road, whatever the speed. The extreme case is the stop and go operation in which the lead car stops and the vehicle at the rear must also do so. This paper presents the development of an ACC system and related experiments. The system input information is acquired by a real-time kinematic phase differential global positioning system (GPS) (i.e., centimetric GPS) and wireless local area network links. The outputs are the variables that control the pressure on the throttle and brake pedals, which is calculated by an onboard computer. In addition, the car control is based on fuzzy logic. The system has been installed in two mass-produced Citroe/spl uml/n Berlingo electric vans, in which all the actuators have been automated to achieve humanlike driving. The results from real experiments show that the unmanned vehicles behave very similarly to human-driven cars and are very adaptive to any kind of situation at a broad range of speeds, thus raising the safety of the driving and allowing cooperation with manually driven cars.
Variability, negative evidence, and the acquisition of verb argument constructions

We present a hierarchical Bayesian framework for modeling the acquisition of verb argument constructions. It embodies a domain-general approach to learning higher-level knowledge in the form of inductive constraints (or overhypotheses), and has been used to explain other aspects of language development such as the shape bias in learning object names. Here we demonstrate that the same model captures several phenomena in the acquisition of verb constructions. Our model, like adults in a series of artiﬁcial language learning experiments, makes inferences about the distributional statistics of verbs on several levels of abstraction simultaneously. It also produces the qualitative learning patterns displayed by children over the time course of acquisition. These results suggest that the patterns of generalization observed in both children and adults could emerge from basic assumptions about the nature of learning. They also provide an example of a broad class of computational approaches that can resolve Baker’s Paradox.