Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Learning on Product Reviews via Sentiment Ontology Tree

Existing works on sentiment analysis on product reviews suffer from the following limitations: (1) The knowledge of hierarchical relationships of products attributes is not fully utilized. (2) Reviews or sentences mentioning several attributes associated with complicated sentiments are not dealt with very well. In this paper, we propose a novel HL-SOT approach to labeling a product's attributes and their associated sentiments in product reviews by a Hierarchical Learning (HL) process with a defined Sentiment Ontology Tree (SOT). The empirical analysis against a human-labeled data set demonstrates promising and reasonable performance of the proposed HL-SOT approach. While this paper is mainly on sentiment analysis on reviews of one product, our proposed HL-SOT approach is easily generalized to labeling a mix of reviews of more than one products.
Correlates of memory decline: a 4-year longitudinal study of older adults with memory complaints.

Change in memory performance and its correspondence to change in speed of performance and self-reported memory functioning were investigated longitudinally in 30 older adults with memory complaints. Subjects were assessed by self-report questionnaires and cognitive tests 3 times, at near 2-year intervals. A significant decline in word-recall scores was found, which was accompanied at the group level by significant self-reported decline in everyday memory functioning and nonsignificant decline in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Digit Symbol scores (alpha = .05). The oldest subjects showed the most substantial declines in memory performance. At the individual level, however, memory change did not significantly correlate with either change in self-reports or change in Digit Symbol scores. Although these results do not support a cognitive slowing model of decline at the intraindividual level, they do have implications for intervention of age-related memory decline.
A new concept of impaired glucose tolerance. Relation to cardiovascular risk.

B the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have included in their classification schemes for diabetes an entity labeled "impaired glucose tolerance" (IGT). The presumed significance of this entity is twofold: first, it is commonly believed that IGT represents a transitional state between normality and diabetes; and second, IGT is also believed to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, either in its own right, or as a consequence of its presumed precursor relationship to diabetes. These relationships will be critically examined in this editorial. Our thesis is that IGT is not a homogeneous category, but consists of at least three entities which, although conceptually distinct, cannot be distinguished by glucose tolerance testing alone. The arguments in defense of this viewpoint rest heavily on the concept that plasma glucose concentrations are biomodally distributed in populations. Therefore, the evidence for bimodality will be briefly reviewed. Bimodality of plasma glucose distributions has now been reported in several populations, most of which are of New World or Pacific Island origin. " In addition to having a high prevalence of diabetes, these populations are relatively isolated genetically. While the high prevalence of diabetes facilitates detection of the second (hyperglycemic) mode, the highly selected nature of these populations raises the possibility that bimodality is somehow unique to them. We have recently reported bimodality in San Antonio Mexican Americans, a population which, although it contains substantial New World genetic admixture, is nevertheless more than 50% Caucasian. ' Moreover, Mexican Americans are a much larger and genetically less isolated population than those in which bimodality has previously been reported, since they live side-by-side with other ethnic groups and thereby have greater opportunities for intermarriage. It could still be argued that bimodality in Mexican Americans is somehow a consequence of their New World genes. We feel, however, that our findings do tend to move the bimodality argument in the direction of greater generalizability to include populations such as Caucasians and blacks. Bimodality in these populations would, if present, be difficult to detect because of the much lower prevalence of diabetes and the second mode. Apart from the data, which are admittedly still incomplete, bimodality is theoretically appealing, since it fits with the clinicians' view that diabetes is a discrete clinical entity and not merely the right-hand tail of a continuous distribution of glucose values. Assuming the reader is willing to accept the concept of bimodality as a general phenomenon, we will now explore the implications of this phenomenon as they relate to IGT. From Figure 1 it is clear that the IGT category contains many individ-
Control of d-octopine formation in scallop adductor muscle as revealed through thermodynamic studies of octopine dehydrogenase

SUMMARY Octopine dehydrogenase (OcDH) from the adductor muscle of the great scallop, Pecten maximus (Linné, 1758), catalyses the NADH-dependent condensation of l-arginine and pyruvate to d-octopine, NAD+ and water during escape swimming and subsequent recovery. During exercise, ATP is mainly provided by the transphosphorylation of phospho-l-arginine and to some extent by anaerobic glycolysis. NADH resulting from the glycolytic oxidation of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reoxidized during d-octopine formation. In some scallops d-octopine starts to accumulate during prolonged, strong muscular work, whereas in other species d-octopine formation commences towards the end of swimming and continues to rise during subsequent recovery. The activity of OcDH is regulated by a mandatory, consecutive mode of substrate binding in the order NADH, l-arginine and pyruvate, as demonstrated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The first regulatory step in the forward reaction comprises the binding of NADH to OcDH with a dissociation constant Kd of 0.014±0.006 mmol l–1, which reflects a high affinity and tight association of the apoenzyme with the co-substrate. In the reverse direction, NAD+ binds first with a Kd of 0.20±0.004 mmol l–1 followed by d-octopine. The binary OcDH–NADH complex associates with l-arginine with a Kd of 5.5±0.05 mmol l–1. Only this ternary complex combines with pyruvate, with an estimated Kd of approximately 0.8 mmol l–1 as deduced from pyruvate concentrations determined in the muscle of exhausted scallops. At tissue concentrations of pyruvate between 0.5 and 1.2 mmol l–1 in the valve adductor muscle of fatigued P. maximus, binding of pyruvate to OcDH plays the most decisive role in initiating OcDH activity and, therefore, in controlling the onset of d-octopine formation.
Vote elicitation: complexity and strategy-proofness

Preference elicitation is a central problem in AI, and has received significant attention in single-agent settings. It is also a key problem in multiagent systems, but has received little attention here so far. In this setting, the agents may have different preferences that often must be aggregated using voting. This leads to interesting issues because what, if any, information should be elicited from an agent depends on what other agents have revealed about their preferences so far. In this paper we study effective elicitation, and its impediments, for the most common voting protocols. It turns out that in the Single Transferable Vote protocol, even knowing when to terminate elicitation is <i>N P</i>-complete, while this is easy for all the other protocols under study. Even for these protocols, determining how to elicit effectively is <i>N P</i>-complete, even with perfect suspicions about how the agents will vote. The exception is the Plurality protocol where such effective elicitation is easy. We also show that elicitation introduces additional opportunities for strategic manipulation by the voters. We demonstrate how to curtail the space of elicitation schemes so that no such additional strategic issues arise.
Modulation of sensory neuron‐specific receptors in the development of morphine tolerance and its neurochemical mechanisms

Prevention of opiate tolerance is a critical issue in pain management. The present study was designed to characterize the pharmacological properties of sensory neuron‐specific receptors (SNSR; also known as Mas‐related gene receptors, or Mrg) for their modulation in the development of morphine tolerance and to investigate the underlying mechanism(s). Daily coadministration of the SNSR agonist BAM8‐22 at a dose of 0.01 or 0.001, but not 1.0, nmol with morphine (intrathecally, or i.t., 20 μg/day) for 6 days significantly decreased the development of morphine tolerance. Coadministration of BAM8‐22 (i.t., 1.0 nmol) on days 1, 3, and 5 completely blocked tolerance to morphine‐induced analgesia. Intermittent coadministration of the structurally dissimilar SNSR agonist (Tyr6)‐2‐MSH‐6‐12 (MSH; 5 nmol) also produced similar modulation. Chronic administration of morphine (20 μg, i.t.) increased expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in superficial layers of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. All these increases were abolished when BAM8‐22 or MSH was intermittently coadministered. Furthermore, intermittent administration of BAM8‐22 inhibited morphine‐induced increase in protein kinase Cγ (PKCγ) in both membrane and cytosol of spinal dorsal horn neurons. These results suggest that moderate activation of SNSR modulated morphine tolerance by inhibition of the PKC signaling pathway, leading to abolishment of enhancement of nNOS and CGRP. As SNSR are uniquely located ina subset of small‐sized neurons in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia, intermittent combination of SNSR agonist could be a promising adjunct for sustained use of opiates without central nervous system side effects. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Paradox in the Approximation of Dirichlet Control Problems in Curved Domains

In this paper, we study the approximation of a Dirichlet control problem governed by an elliptic equation defined on a curved domain $\Omega$. To solve this problem numerically, it is usually necessary to approximate $\Omega$ by a (typically polygonal) new domain $\Omega_h$. The difference between the solutions of both infinite-dimensional control problems, one formulated in $\Omega$ and the second in $\Omega_h$, was studied in [E. Casas and J. Sokolowski, SIAM J. Control Optim. , 48 (2010), pp. 3746-3780], where an error of order $O(h)$ was proved. In [K. Deckelnick, A. Gunther, and M. Hinze, SIAM J. Control Optim. , 48 (2009), pp. 2798-2819], the numerical approximation of the problem defined in $\Omega$ was considered. The authors used a finite element method such that $\Omega_h$ was the polygon formed by the union of all triangles of the mesh of parameter $h$. They proved an error of order $O(h^{3/2})$ for the difference between continuous and discrete optimal controls. Here we show that the estimate obtained in [E. Casas and J. Sokolowski, SIAM J. Control Optim. , 48 (2010), pp. 3746-3780] cannot be improved, which leads to the paradox that the numerical solution is a better approximation of the optimal control than the exact one obtained just by changing the domain from $\Omega$ to $\Omega_h$.
Adenovirus Mediated BMP‐13 Gene Transfer Induces Chondrogenic Differentiation of Murine Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells

Chondrogenic/osteogenic differentiation of a mesenchymal progenitor stimulated by BMP‐13 (CDMP‐2) was studied. C3H10T1/2 cells were transduced by an adenoviral construct containing BMP‐13 or BMP‐2. BMP‐13 supported chondrogenesis but not terminal differentiation, whereas BMP‐2 stimulated endochondral ossification. The studies show that BMP‐13 may fail to support terminal chondrocyte differentiation.
The Sociopolitical Turn in Mathematics Education

Over the past decade, the mathematics education research community has incorporated more sociocultural perspectives into its ways of understanding and examining teaching and learning. However, researchers who have a long history of addressing anti-racism and social justice issues in mathematics have moved beyond this sociocultural view to espouse sociopolitical concepts and theories, highlighting identity and power at play. This article highlights some promising conceptual tools from critical theory (including critical race theory/Latcrit theory) and post-structuralism and makes an argument for why taking the sociopolitical turn is important for both researchers and practitioners. Potential benefits and challenges of this turn are also discussed.
Post-Demagnetization Performance Assessment for Interior Permanent Magnet AC Machines

This paper assesses the post-demagnetization performance of interior permanent magnet (IPM) ac machines by employing the more accurate recoil line approach based on a 2-D transient finite-element analysis (FEA). The method predicts continuous demagnetization of each magnet element undergoing partial demagnetization and evaluates the machine behavior after an event of short-circuit faults across its terminals. Along with the short-circuit faults, a failure in a drive controller or a position sensor, which may lead to a reverse voltage across the machine terminals that can eventually be more fatal and can cause significant reduction in the performance due to high levels of demagnetization, is analyzed as the worst case scenario. The FE predicted post-demagnetization performance is validated by experimental measurements in which a six-phase IPM machine designed for electric vehicle traction is allowed to lose its synchronization with the inverter when forced to operate on a torque-speed envelope, which is way beyond the drive voltage setting.
Functional outcome of bilateral total knee arthroplasty: A two-year prospective study

The wider adoption of simultaneous bilateral TKA has been limited due to the reports of the associated risk of mortality and perioperative complications. The present study evaluated the safety of single-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty, in terms of perioperative morbidity, mortality and clinical outcomes of the procedure. The two-year prospective study was conducted on 100 knees of fifty patients who visited the Department of orthopaedics of a super speciality hospital, based in India. Detailed history was collected and clinical examination of the knees was performed in all the patients. Pre-and postoperative knee scores were calculated using modified Install’s knee society scoring system. Postoperative knee society score was recorded up to 12 months of follow-up. Perioperative complications were noted in 8 subjects. Groups with and without complications were compared for various assessed variables, and the correlation between hospital stay and different demographic and clinical variables were studied by Spearman correlation. Out of the 50 subjects who underwent bilateral TKA, perioperative complications were noted in 16% of the subjects. Major complications like DVT, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction and death were not reported in any of the cases. A significant number of patients (37.5%) belonging to the complication group underwent secondary procedures. The duration of hospital stay was found to be significantly associated with comorbidities, and perioperative complications. Simultaneous bilateral TKA is a safe procedure, providing satisfactory functional outcomes. Comorbidities of the patients has been noted as the major factor contributing to increased hospital stay
Colchicine alleviates acute postoperative pain but delays wound repair in mice: Roles of neutrophils and macrophages

Background Acute postoperative pain is induced by most incisional surgeries and usually resolves with wound repair. However, many patients experience moderate to severe pain despite receiving currently available postoperative pain relief. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory cells, neutrophils, and macrophages infiltrating the wound site contribute to the acute inflammation, pain, and subsequent wound repair. Colchicine is commonly used to relieve pain in gout by inhibiting the infiltration of granulocytes and other motile cells. In this study, we examined the effects of colchicine on acute postoperative pain and wound repair by correlating the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in a mouse model of postoperative pain induced by plantar incision. Furthermore, these effects of colchicine were compared with clodronate liposomes, which selectively deplete circulating macrophages. Results Plantar incision induced mechanical hypersensitivity in the ipsilateral hind paw that peaked one day and lasted for three days after the surgery. Treatment with colchicine significantly attenuated the early infiltration of Gr1-positive cells (neutrophils) around the incision site and mechanical hypersensitivity, which was accompanied with inhibition of the subsequent infiltration of Iba1-positive cells (macrophages) and macrophage polarization toward the proinflammatory M1 phenotype. By contrast, an intravenous injection of clodronate liposomes significantly inhibited the infiltration of macrophages around the incision site but had little effect on the infiltration of neutrophils or mechanical hypersensitivity. Importantly, colchicine treatment significantly delayed wound closure after the incisional surgery, whereas clodronate liposome administration had no effect on wound closure. Conclusion These results suggest that colchicine can alleviate acute postoperative pain and also enhance the risk of delayed wound repair, which are associated with the suppression of neutrophil and subsequent proinflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration around the incision site, while the involvement of macrophages may be limited.
Exploring Minor Hockey Players' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Concussion: Implications for Prevention

Objective:To evaluate minor hockey players' attitudes and knowledge about sport concussions. Participants:Male and female Pee Wee, Bantam, and Midget level players (n = 183) participating in minor hockey and a comparison group of non–hockey players (n = 57). Design:Survey. Main Measures:Player knowledge and attitudes were evaluated with a standardized questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study. Descriptive statistics including cross-tabulations and proportion comparisons were used to report the data. Results:Players had foundational knowledge about concussions; however, more than half underestimated the prevalence and more than 30% were unaware of return to play protocols. Although nearly all players knew what they “should” do when concussed, 33% did not follow recommendations. Players reported more concern and appreciation of the seriousness of concussion than non-players, but they tended to minimize their vulnerability. The most common and helpful information sources were parents, doctors, and coaches, and therefore knowledge translation efforts should target theses audiences. Conclusion: Young athletes continue to demonstrate gaps in their knowledge of concussions. In addition, attitudes toward concussion suggest a developmental trajectory with younger athletes being most likely to ignore current recommended guidelines.
Remodeling of Leaf Cellular Glycerolipid Composition under Drought and Re-hydration Conditions in Grasses from the Lolium-Festuca Complex

Drought tolerant plant genotypes are able to maintain stability and integrity of cellular membranes in unfavorable conditions, and to regenerate damaged membranes after stress cessation. The profiling of cellular glycerolipids during drought stress performed on model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana does not fully cover the picture of lipidome in monocots, including grasses. Herein, two closely related introgression genotypes of Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) × Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) were used as a model for other grass species to describe lipid rearrangements during drought and re-hydration. The genotypes differed in their level of photosynthetic capacity during drought, and in their capacity for membrane regeneration after stress cessation. A total of 120 lipids, comprising the classes of monogalactosyldiacyloglycerol, digalactosyldiacyloglycerol, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, diacylglicerol, and triacylglicerol, were analyzed. The results clearly showed that water deficit had a significant impact on lipid metabolism in studied forage grasses. It was revealed that structural and metabolic lipid species changed their abundance during drought and re-watering periods and some crucial genotype-dependent differences were also observed. The introgression genotype characterized by an ability to regenerate membranes after re-hydration demonstrated a higher accumulation level of most chloroplast and numerous extra-chloroplast membrane lipid species at the beginning of drought. Furthermore, this genotype also revealed a significant reduction in the accumulation of most chloroplast lipids after re-hydration, compared with the other introgression genotype without the capacity for membrane regeneration. The potential influence of observed lipidomic alterations on a cellular membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity, are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS A higher drought tolerance of grasses could be associated with an earlier lipidome response to a stress signal and with a membrane regeneration after stress cessation accompanied by a turnover of chloroplast lipids
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of CXCL9-11 Chemokines Are Associated With Liver Fibrosis in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients

Background:CXCR3A-associated chemokines (CXCL9-11) are implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We analyzed the association between CXCL9-11 polymorphisms and significant liver fibrosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV-coinfected patients. Methods:We performed a cross-sectional study in 220 patients who were genotyped for CXCL9-11 polymorphisms (CXCL9 rs10336, CXCL10 rs3921, and CXCL11 rs4619915) using GoldenGate assay. Three outcome variables related to liver fibrosis were studied: (1) F ≥ 2; (2) APRI ≥ 2; and (3) FIB-4 ≥ 3.25. Results:The percentage of patients with significant liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2, APRI ≥ 2, and FIB-4 ≥ 3.25) was significantly higher for CXCL9 rs10336 TT (P = 0.046, P = 0.010, and P = 0.046, respectively), CXCL10 rs3921 GG (P = 0.046, P = 0.011, and P = 0.049, respectively), and CXCL11 rs4619915 AA (P = 0.035, P = 0.014, and P = 0.057, respectively) genotypes. Moreover, the greater likelihood of having significant liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2, APRI ≥ 2, and FIB-4 ≥ 3.25) was found in carriers of CXCL9 rs10336 TT and CXCL10 rs3921 GG [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) > 2 (P < 0.05)]. These trends were significantly more pronounced in patients infected with HCV-genotype 1 (GT1) [aOR > 3 (P < 0.05)]. Moreover, TGA haplotype showed higher odds for having values of APRI ≥ 2 (aOR = 2.4; P = 0.012) when we considered all patients. This elevated risk for significant liver fibrosis was better represented in patients infected with HCV-GT1, where TGA haplotype had increased odds for having values of F ≥ 2 (aOR = 1.9; P = 0.045), APRI ≥ 2 (aOR = 3.2; P = 0.009), and FIB-4 ≥ 3.25 (aOR = 3.3; P = 0.026). Conclusions:The homozygosity for the minor alleles CXCL9 rs10336 (T), CXCL10 rs3921 (G), and CXCL11 rs4619915 (A) is associated with the higher likelihood of significant liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients coinfected with HCV-GT1.