Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coupling to spin fluctuations from conductivity scattering rates

A recent analysis of optical conductivity data which has provided strong evidence for coupling of the charge carriers to the 41 meV spin resonance, seen in the superconducting state of optimally doped Y123, is extended to other systems. We find that the corresponding spin resonance is considerably broader in Tl2201 and Y124 than it is in Bi2212. On the other hand, in overdoped Tl2201 with T_c = 23 K no resonance forms. A more specific interpretation of the optical data in terms of a spin fluctuation exchange mechanism of superconductivity gives an underlying effective spectral density which is strongly temperature dependent and which contains important feedback effects that further stabilize superconductivity as the temperature is reduced.
Learning predator promotes coexistence of prey species in host–parasitoid systems

Ecological theory suggests that frequency-dependent predation, in which more common prey types are disproportionately favored, promotes the coexistence of competing prey species. However, many of the earlier empirical studies that investigated the effect of frequency-dependent predation were short-term and ignored predator–prey dynamics and system persistence. Therefore, we used long-term observation of population dynamics to test how frequency-dependent predation influences the dynamics and coexistence of competing prey species using insect laboratory populations. We established two-host–one-parasitoid populations with two bruchid beetles, Callosobruchus chinensis and C. maculatus, as the hosts and the pteromalid wasp Anisopteromalus calandrae as their common parasitoid. When the parasitoid was absent, C. chinensis was competitively excluded in ∼20 wk. Introducing the parasitoid greatly enhanced the coexistence time to a maximum of 118 wk. In the replicates of long-lasting coexistence, the two host species C. maculatus and C. chinensis exhibited periodic antiphase oscillations. Behavioral experiments showed frequency-dependent predation of A. calandrae that was caused by learning. Females of A. calandrae learned host-related olfactory cues during oviposition and increased their preference for the common host species. Numerical simulations showed that parasitoid learning was the essential mechanism that promoted persistence in this host–parasitoid system. Our study is an empirical demonstration that frequency-dependent predation has an important role in greatly enhancing the coexistence of prey populations, suggesting that predator learning affects predator–prey population dynamics and shapes biological communities in nature.
Parenting Style and Adolescent Externalizing Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

This longitudinal study was conducted with 262 adolescents (M age = 15.3) and their parents to examine adolescent respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; baseline and reactivity) as a moderator of the relationship between parenting style and adolescent externalizing behaviors. This was conceptualized within the differential susceptibility to the environment framework, which proposes that children with greater sensitivity to environmental influences benefit more from supportive environments but are at greater risk in averse environments. In this study, low RSA baseline was associated with greater susceptibility. In confirmation of hypotheses, males with low RSA baseline had the most externalizing behaviors when mother or father authoritative parenting was low or when mother authoritarian parenting was high. Contrary to hypotheses, females with greater RSA reactivity (high susceptibility) did more poorly when authoritarian parenting was low or authoritative parenting was high. Differential gender socialization and the task used to elicit RSA reactivity are suggested reasons for gender differences.
Transcatheter Arterial Embolization Alone for Giant Hepatic Hemangioma

Giant hepatic hemangioma is a benign liver condition that may be treated using surgery. We studied the digital subtraction angiographic (DSA) characteristics of giant hepatic hemangioma, and the effectiveness of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) alone for its treatment. This was a retrospective study of 27 patients diagnosed with giant hepatic hemangioma and treated with TAE alone (using lipiodol mixed with pingyangmycin) at the Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, between January 2010 and March 2013. The feeding arteries were identified using DSA. All patients were followed up for between three weeks and 12 months. Changes in tumor diameter and symptoms were observed. The 27 patients included had giant hepatic hemangiomas ranging from 5.3 to 24.5 cm (mean, 11.24±5.08 cm) in the right (n = 13), left (n = 1) or both (n = 13) lobes. Preoperative hepatic angiography showed multiple abnormal vascular lakes in the early phase, known as the “early leaving but late returning, hanging nut on a twig” sign. On the day after TAE, hepatic transaminase levels were increased (ALT: 22.69±17.95 to 94.88±210.32 U/L; ALT: 24.00±12.37 to 99.70±211.54 U/L; both P<0.05), but not total bilirubin. Six patients complained of abdominal pain, and 12 experienced transient fever. In the months after TAE, tumor size decreased (baseline: 11.24±5.08; 3 months: 8.95±4.33; 6 months: 7.60±3.90 cm; P<0.05), and the patients’ condition improved. These results indicated that TAE was effective and safe for treating giant hepatic hemangioma. TAE may be a useful alternative to surgery for the treatment of hepatic hemangioma.
Spatiotemporal variability of chemistry and biota in boreal surface waters

This thesis focuses on the assessment of spatial and temporal patterns of freshwater communities in relation to spatial variability and changes of the abiotic environment (i.e. water chemistry). The importance of geographic position, regional- and local-scale factors as drivers of the natural variability of lake and stream water chemistry was quantified and compared by variance partitioning using partial redundancy analysis. A major part of surface water chemistry was explained by interactions between geographic, regional and local factors. Streams and lakes were similar in their response, indicating that idiosyncrasies of both systems might be suppressed by effects of large-scale factors, in particular, if human-induced catchment variation generates a high amount of environmental noise. Regional processes are also important in structuring the composition of local communities. The relationship between local and regional diversity across three spatial scales and the importance of regional and local factors on macroinvertebrate diversity patterns was determined using the additive partitioning concept. Local processes (i.e. habitat heterogeneity) were an important factor contributing to species coexistence resulting in saturating patterns of the communities. On the other hand, local variability may confound the ability to detect perturbation or recovery. A multihabitat analysis of the rates and trajectories of recovery of acidified lakes as well as persistence of pelagic and benthic communities of acidified and reference lakes showed that recovery is a complex and challenging process, influenced by multiple spatial and temporal factors. For instance, climate-induced changes in surface runoff patterns may introduce significant variability in surface water chemistry confounding recovery and influencing the persistence and stability of freshwater communities. As focus is shifting from single-site to regional management of freshwater ecosystems, it is important that policy makers and managers are aware of which factors on which scale are most influencing water quality and biodiversity. The results of this thesis show that a holistic, multiscale analysis, involving several habitats and biotic indicators, is needed to understand ecosystem response to large-scale, regional stressors so as to best protect the world’s most precious and vital resource - freshwater.
Impact of Online Health Communities on Patients With Rare Disease

The Internet has fundamentally transformed the health information seeking behaviors of individuals by not only increasing the availability of information that might previously have been provided by professionals, but also generating large volumes of content from the voluntary contributions of users. Although there is significant enthusiasm about consumer empowerment in health, there are many unanswered questions about Health 2.0 and its impacts. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of online health communities for the health outcomes of patients suffering from rare diseases. In addition, we discuss some of the statistical challenges we faced in our attempt to explore our research question when analyzing data from a particular online health community.
Moduli of twisted sheaves

We study moduli of semistable twisted sheaves on smooth proper morphisms of algebraic spaces. In the case of a relative curve or surface, we prove results on the structure of these spaces. For curves, they are essentially isomorphic to spaces of semistable vector bundles. In the case of surfaces, we show (under a mild hypothesis on the twisting class) that the spaces are asympotically geometrically irreducible, normal, generically smooth, and l.c. i. over the base. We also develop general tools necessary for these results: the theory of associated points and purity of sheaves on Artin stacks, twisted Bogomolov inequalities, semistability and boundedness results, and basic results on twisted Quot-schemes on a surface.
Dopamine DRD2 Taq I polymorphism associates with caudate nucleus volume and cognitive performance in memory impaired subjects

We studied the relationship among dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) Taq I genetic polymorphism, caudate nucleus volumetry as measured using MRI and neuropsychological functions in 49 memory impaired older people. Compared with DRD2 A1 carriers, subjects homozygous for the DRD2 A2 allele performed poorer in a measure of general cognitive functioning (MMSE) and in long term verbal memory, and presented reduced left caudate nucleus volumes. Caudate nucleus atrophy correlated with cognitive measures influenced by the genetic polymorphism and with visual memory performance. Our findings suggest that among the aged with cognitive impairments, the homozygous status for the A2 allele of the DRD2 Taq I polymorphism is associated with diminished cognitive performance and increased atrophy in the striatum.
Diverting T Helper Cell Trafficking through Increased Plasticity Attenuates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Naive T Helper Cells Differentiate into Functionally Distinct Effector Subsets That Drive Specialized Immune Responses. Recent Studies Indicate That Some of the Effector Subsets Have Plasticity. 

Introduction Following activation, naive CD4 + T cells differentiate into functionally distinct T helper subsets, each regulated by key transcription factors and producing cytokines to perform specific biological functions. Th1 cells produce IFN-γ to control the immune response to intracellular pathogens, which is governed by the transcription factor T-bet (1), while Th2 cells are controlled by GATA3 (2) and produce IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 during anti-parasite and allergic responses (reviewed in ref. 3). Th17 lineage is critical for the immune responses to extracellular bacteria and fungi (reviewed in ref. 3), produces IL-17, and is controlled by RAR-related orphan receptor γ (RORγt) (4). Th17 cells are also important in the autoimmune response in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its mouse model of EAE, with the major player being GM-CSF (5, 6). The recently identified T follicular helper (Tfh) subset produces IL-21, is controlled by Bcl6, and plays a critical role in supporting class switch recombination in B cells (reviewed in refs. 7, 8). Th1, Th2, and Th17 subsets were once deemed highly stable, and the alternate lineage cytokines were thought to be inhibitory, such as IFN-γ and IL-4 blocking Th17 differentiation and IL-17 production (9). However, the functional plasticity of the T helper lineages has become increasingly evident, particularly during in vivo immune responses (reviewed in refs. 3, 10, 11). T helper cells were found able to express alternative lineage cytokines, such as Th17 cells expressing IFN-γ (12, 13) or Th2 cells acquiring a Th1 phenotype (14) or converting into Tfh cells (15). Tfh cells have the highest plasticity of all the
FAST TRACK DECREASED DNA REPAIR GENE EXPRESSION AMONG INDIVIDUALS EXPOSED TO ARSENIC IN UNITED STATES DRINKING WATER

Arsenic is well established as a human carcinogen, but its precise mechanism of action remains unknown. Arsenic does not directly damage DNA, but may act as a carcinogen through inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms, leading indirectly to increased mutations from other DNA damaging agents. The molecular mechanism underlying arsenic inhibition of nucleotide excision repair after UV irradiation (Hartwig et al., Carcinogenesis 1997;18:399–405) is unknown, but could be due to decreased expression of critical genes involved in nucleotide excision repair of damaged DNA. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing expression of repair genes and arsenic exposure in a subset of 16 individuals enrolled in a population based case-control study investigating arsenic exposure and cancer risk in New Hampshire. Toenail arsenic levels were inversely correlated with expression of critical members of the nucleotide excision repair complex, ERCC1 (r 0.82, p < 0.0001), XPF (r 0.56, p < 0.002), and XPB (r 0.75, p < 0.0001). The internal dose marker, toenail arsenic level, was more strongly associated with changes in expression of these genes than drinking water arsenic concentration. Our findings, based on human exposure to arsenic in a US population, show an association between biomarkers of arsenic exposure and expression of DNA repair genes. Although our findings need verification in a larger study group, they are consistent with the hypothesis that inhibition of DNA repair capacity is a potential mechanism for the co-carcinogenic activity of arsenic. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Class Advantage, Commitment Penalty

Research on the mechanisms that reproduce social class advantages in the United States focuses primarily on formal schooling and pays less attention to social class discrimination in labor markets. We conducted a résumé audit study to examine the effect of social class signals on entry into large U.S. law firms. We sent applications from fictitious students at selective but non-elite law schools to 316 law firm offices in 14 cities, randomly assigning signals of social class background and gender to otherwise identical résumés. Higher-class male applicants received significantly more callbacks than did higher-class women, lower-class women, and lower-class men. A survey experiment and interviews with lawyers at large firms suggest that, relative to lower-class applicants, higher-class candidates are seen as better fits with the elite culture and clientele of large law firms. But, although higher-class men receive a corresponding overall boost in evaluations, higher-class women do not, because they face a competing, negative stereotype that portrays them as less committed to full-time, intensive careers. This commitment penalty faced by higher-class women offsets class-based advantages these applicants may receive in evaluations. Consequently, signals of higher-class origin provide an advantage for men but not for women in this elite labor market.
Molecular genetic reevaluation of the Dutch hyperekplexia family.

OBJECTIVES To confirm linkage of the locus of the major form of hyperekplexia to markers on chromosome 5q, to screen for a point mutation in the gene encoding the alpha 1 subunit of the glycine receptor, and to investigate whether the putative "minor" form of hyperkeplexia consisting of an excessive startle response without stiffness, is based on the same genetic defect as the major form. DESIGN A survey of various symptoms of hyperekplexia was performed in the Dutch pedigree. Linkage studies were performed for these symptoms. SETTING Subjects were visited at home, and the genetic study was performed at University Hospital Leiden, (the Netherlands). PATIENTS A history was taken from 76 subjects in the pedigree, and neurologic examinations were performed on 61 subjects from four generations of the pedigree. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were lod scores for markers on chromosome 5q for the major and minor forms of hyperekplexia and periodic leg movements during sleep. Mutations in the alpha 1 subunit of the glycine receptor were detected by screening the exons with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Exaggerated startle responses were reported in 44 patients. The major form consisted of stiffness in addition to the excessive startle reaction and occurred in 28 subjects. Sixteen of 44 subjects had startle responses without stiffness, indicating the minor form. Linkage was found between markers CSF1-R, D5S209, and D5S119 and the disease locus for the major form, but not for the minor form. The alpha 1 subunit of the glycine receptor showed a G to A transition mutation in codon 271 for the major form, but not for the minor form. CONCLUSIONS Linkage and an abnormal glycine receptor were found only in the major form of hyperekplexia. Recognition of a major form is based on additional stiffness. This is therefore the most important diagnostic symptom. The minor form is not a different expression of the same genetic defect and may represent a normal but pronounced startle response.
Continuous partial trends and low-frequency oscillations of time series

Abstract. This paper presents a recent methodology developed for the analysis of the slow evolution of geophysical time series. The method is based on least-squares fitting of continuous line segments to the data, subject to flexible conditions, and is able to objectively locate the times of significant change in the series tendencies. The time distribution of these breakpoints may be an important set of parameters for the analysis of the long term evolution of some geophysical data, simplifying the intercomparison between datasets and offering a new way for the analysis of time varying spatially distributed data. Several application examples, using data that is important in the context of global warming studies, are presented and briefly discussed.
Mismatched MMSE estimation of multivariate Gaussian sources

The distortion increase in minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimation of multivariate Gaussian sources is analyzed for the situation in which the statistics are mismatched, i.e., the covariance matrix is not perfectly known during the estimation process. First a deterministic mismatch model with an additive perturbation matrix is considered, for which we provide closed form expressions for the distortion excess caused by the mismatch. The mismatch study is then generalized by using random matrix theory tools which allow an asymptotic result for a broad class of perturbation matrices to be proved.
The relationship between disability, quality of life and fear-avoidance beliefs in patients with chronic low back pain.

AIM The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between fear and avoidance beliefs with the disability of patients with chronic low back pain and the prediction of quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS 105 outpatients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. Patients were evaluated with a sociodemographic questionnaire Visual Analog Scale Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire Beck anxiety inventory Beck depression inventory, Somatosensory Amplification Scale Fear and avoidance beliefs questionaire and Short form-36 health survey questionnaire. RESULTS As pain intensity increased, FABQ increased. Higher levels of anxiety, depression, FABQ (work) leads to higher level of disability. The disability predictors were found to be pain intensity and level of anxiety. When levels of pain intensity, level of anxiety and depression, FABQ increased, physical function decreased. Pain intensity and FABQ (physical) were found to be the predictors of quality of life. CONCLUSION Findings of our study were compatible with the previous studies that evaluated the relationship between pain intensity and FAB with the disability of patients with chronic low back pain. We think that it'd have a role for the perception of disability and connected to this to prevent the impairment of life quality by implications for FAB in these patients.
Inferring Predictive Links in Social Media Using Content Transfer

The fundamental building block of social influence is for one person to elicit a response in another. Researchers measuring a “response” in social media typically depend either on detailed models of human behavior or on platform-specific cues such as re-tweets, hash tags, URLs, or mentions. Most content on social networks is difficult to model because the modes and motivation of human expression are diverse and incompletely understood. We introduce content transfer, an information-theoretic measure with a predictive interpretation that directly quantifies the strength of the effect of one user’s content on another’s in a model-free way. Estimating this measure is made possible by combining recent advances in non-parametric entropy estimation with increasingly sophisticated tools for content representation. We demonstrate on Twitter data collected for thousands of users that content transfer is able to capture non-trivial, predictive relationships even for pairs of users not linked in the follower or mention graph. We suggest that this measure makes large quantities of previously under-utilized social media content accessible to rigorous statistical causal analysis.
ON THE CONTROLLABILITY OF A WAVE EQUATION WITH STRUCTURAL DAMPING

We study the boundary controllability properties of a wave equation with structural damping ytt− yxx− 2ytxx = 0, y(0, t) = 0, y(1, t) = h(t) where 2 is a strictly positive parameter depending on the damping strength. We prove that this equation is not spectrally controllable and that the approximate controllability depends on the functional space in which the initial value Cauchy problem is studied. Copyright c ©2006IFAC