Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Withaferin A on the Development and Decay of Thermotolerance in B16F1 Melanoma: A Preliminary Study

Protein synthesis inhibitors can suppress the development of thermotolerance in tumor tissues on repeated heating. Withaferin A (WA), isolated from Withania somnifera has cytotoxic and inhibitory action on protein synthesis. In the present investigation, effect of WA on development and decay of thermotolerance in B16F1 melanoma was studied in C57BL mice. Tumors of 10010 mm3 size were subjected to repeated hyperthermia (HT) at 43°C for 30 minutes. WA was injected after first hyperthermia treatment. The tumor response was assessed by calculating the tumor growth delay (GD). The GD increased with increase in time gap between two hyperthermia treatments and was significantly higher (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) in WA treated groups at all the respective time gaps (except at 0h and 120h) compared to hyperthermia alone group. WA increases the tumor response during repeated hyperthermia by reducing the magnitude of thermotolerance developed and by decreasing the recovery time from thermotolerance.
Impact on survival of addition of etoposide to primary chemotherapy in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a Swedish Lymphoma Registry study

No randomised study in the rituximab era has been performed specifically to evaluate addition of etoposide to treatment of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this study was to compare the outcome with three chemotherapy regimens (R‐CHOP‐21, R‐CHOP‐14 and R‐CHOEP‐14) in a population‐based cohort in terms of overall survival, adjusted for clinical prognostic factors. Through the Swedish Lymphoma Registry, 3443 patients with DLBCL were identified 2007–2012. Among all patients, there was no evidence of a difference between the regimens, after adjustment for prognostic factors. However, when restricted to patients aged up to 65, R‐CHOEP‐14 was associated with superior outcome compared to both R‐CHOP‐21 (hazard ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.3–0.9, p = 0.028) and R‐CHOP‐14 (hazard ratio: 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.4–1.0, p = 0.06), when adjusted for prognostic factors. Results were consistent in an additional stratified analysis with patients grouped according to age and IPI‐score. In conclusion, we could show that R‐CHOEP‐14 was associated with superior overall survival in patients with DLBCL aged up to 65 years, indicating that this may be a valid treatment option for this patient population. To further investigate which patient groups that may benefit the most from treatment intensification, R‐CHOEP‐14 should be compared to R‐CHOP‐21 in a randomised setting. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethical Fit , Diversity , and Attrition : Behavioral Evidence from Emissions Inspections

In this paper we explore how person-organization (P-O) ethical fit affects the tenure of employees. We argue that the ethical misfit between employees and their organization is asymmetric, such that one direction can have a stronger effect on attrition than the other. We also present the role that ethical diversity within the organization can have in mediating this effect through potential person-group (P-G) fit in subgroups or subcultures. Using a unique dataset of over 6 million vehicle emissions tests, we identify pre-hiring levels of testing fraud for individual inspectors and facilities, finding that the P-O ethical misfit strongly influences the longevity of tenure. Furthermore, we show that the effects of misfit on attrition are asymmetric, and that ethical diversity also influences attrition. We further argue that using pre-hire behavioral data, when available, can be an important methodology in understanding the role of fit in performance and attrition. Both scholars and managers recognize that the fit between an organization and its individual members can be a critical determinant of job satisfaction, tenure, and performance. As noted by Schneider (2001), " of all the issues in psychology that have fascinated scholars and practitioners alike, none has been more pervasive than the one concerning the fit of person and environment " (p. 141). This
Individual Cell Based Traits Obtained by Scanning Flow-Cytometry Show Selection by Biotic and Abiotic Environmental Factors during a Phytoplankton Spring Bloom

In ecology and evolution, the primary challenge in understanding the processes that shape biodiversity is to assess the relationship between the phenotypic traits of organisms and the environment. Here we tested for selection on physio-morphological traits measured by scanning flow-cytometry at the individual level in phytoplankton communities under a temporally changing biotic and abiotic environment. Our aim was to study how high-frequency temporal changes in the environment influence biodiversity dynamics in a natural community. We focused on a spring bloom in Lake Zurich (Switzerland), characterized by rapid changes in phytoplankton, water conditions, nutrients and grazing (mainly mediated by herbivore ciliates). We described bloom dynamics in terms of taxonomic and trait-based diversity and found that diversity dynamics of trait-based groups were more pronounced than those of identified phytoplankton taxa. We characterized the linkage between measured phytoplankton traits, abiotic environmental factors and abundance of the main grazers and observed weak but significant correlations between changing abiotic and biotic conditions and measured size-related and fluorescence-related traits. We tested for deviations in observed community-wide distributions of focal traits from random patterns and found evidence for both clustering and even spacing of traits, occurring sporadically over the time series. Patterns were consistent with environmental filtering and phenotypic divergence under herbivore pressure, respectively. Size-related traits showed significant even spacing during the peak of herbivore abundance, suggesting that morphology-related traits were under selection from grazing. Pigment distribution within cells and colonies appeared instead to be associated with acclimation to temperature and water chemistry. We found support for trade-offs among grazing resistance and environmental tolerance traits, as well as for substantial periods of dynamics in which our measured traits were not under selection.
Airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol and methacholine and exhaled nitric oxide in children with asthma

ABSTRACT Objective: Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and obstruction. AHR to stimuli that indirectly cause bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) contractions via release of endogenous mediators is thought to better reflect airway inflammation than AHR to stimuli that act directly on BSM. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a useful parameter for noninvasive clinical airway inflammation assessments. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the relationships of mannitol and methacholine challenge test outcomes with FeNO and the influence of inhaled corticosteroid treatment in children with asthma. Methods: One hundred thirty-four asthmatic children (89 males; ages: 5–17 years, median: 9 years) underwent spirometry, FeNO measurement, serum total/specific IgE testing, and blood eosinophil count. All subjects were challenged with mannitol dry powder (MDP; AridolH, Pharmaxis, Australia) and methacholine at 7-day intervals. Data of steroid-treated and steroid-naïve children were compared. Results: Positive responses to MDP and methacholine challenge tests were observed in 74.6% and 67.2% of total subject group, respectively, and 72 children had positive response to both challenge tests. The median FeNO level, response-dose ratio (RDR) of PC20 methacholine, and RDR of PD15 MDP were significantly higher in the steroid-treated group than in the steroid-naïve group (p < 0.001, 0.226, and 0.004, respectively). FeNO levels associated significantly with PD15 MDP and RDR PD15 MDP in total subject populations (p = 0.016 and 0.003, respectively); however, a significant correlation between FeNO and RDR PD15 MDP was observed only in the steroid-naïve group. Conclusions: Compared with AHR to methacholine, AHR to MDP more closely reflected the level of FeNO in steroid-naïve asthmatic children.
Modulated Expression of the Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Homeotic Protein dlk Influences Stromal-Cell–Pre-B-Cell Interactions, Stromal Cell Adipogenesis, and Pre-B-Cell Interleukin-7 Requirements

ABSTRACT A close relationship exists between adipocyte differentiation of stromal cells and their capacity to support hematopoiesis. The molecular basis for this is unknown. We have studied whether dlk, an epidermal growth factor-like molecule that intervenes in adipogenesis and fetal liver hematopoiesis, affects both stromal cell adipogenesis and B-cell lymphopoiesis in an established pre-B-cell culture system. Pre-B-cell cultures require both soluble interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interactions with stromal cells to promote cell growth and prevent B-cell maturation or apoptosis. We found that BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts express dlk and function as stromal cells. Transfection of these cells with antisense dlk decreased dlk expression and increased insulin-induced adipocytic differentiation. When antisense transfectants were used as stroma, IL-7 was no longer required to support the growth of pre-B cells and prevent maturation or apoptosis. Antisense dlk transfectants of S10 stromal cells also promoted pre-B-cell growth in the absence of IL-7. These results show that modulation of dlk on stromal cells can influence their adipogenesis and the IL-7 requirements of the pre-B cells growing in contact with them. These results indicate that dlk influences differentiation signals directed both to the stromal cells and to the lymphocyte precursors, suggesting that dlk may play an important role in the bone marrow hematopoietic environment.
An Analysis of Traces from a Production MapReduce Cluster

MapReduce is a programming paradigm for parallel processing that is increasingly being used for data-intensive applications in cloud computing environments. An understanding of the characteristics of workloads running in MapReduce environments benefits both the service providers in the cloud and users: the service provider can use this knowledge to make better scheduling decisions, while the user can learn what aspects of their jobs impact performance. This paper analyzes 10-months of MapReduce logs from the M45 supercomputing cluster which Yahoo! made freely available to select universities for academic research. We characterize resource utilization patterns, job patterns, and sources of failures. We use an instance-based learning technique that exploits temporal locality to predict job completion times from historical data and identify potential performance problems in our dataset.
Optimized Circuit Failure Prediction for Aging: Practicality and Promise

Circuit failure prediction is used to predict occurrences of circuit failures, during system operation, before errors appear in system data and states. This technique is applicable for overcoming major scaled-CMOS reliability challenges posed by aging mechanisms such as Negative-Bias-Temperature-Instability (NBTI). This is possible because of the gradual nature of degradation associated with such aging mechanisms. Circuit failure prediction uses special on-chip circuits called aging sensors. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate correct functionality and practicality of two flavors of flip-flop designs with built-in aging sensors using 90 nm test chips. We also present an aging-aware timing analysis technique to strategically place such flip-flops with built-in aging sensors at selective locations inside a chip for effective circuit failure prediction. This aging-aware timing analysis approach also minimizes the chip-level area impact of such aging sensors. Results from two 90 nm designs demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of optimized circuit failure prediction with overall chip-level area impact of 2.5% and 0.6%.
N-terminal Huntingtin Knock-In Mice: Implications of Removing the N-terminal Region of Huntingtin for Therapy

The Huntington’s disease (HD) protein, huntingtin (HTT), is a large protein consisting of 3144 amino acids and has conserved N-terminal sequences that are followed by a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat. Loss of Htt is known to cause embryonic lethality in mice, whereas polyQ expansion leads to adult neuronal degeneration. Whether N-terminal HTT is essential for neuronal development or contributes only to late-onset neurodegeneration remains unknown. We established HTT knock-in mice (N160Q-KI) expressing the first 208 amino acids of HTT with 160Q, and they show age-dependent HTT aggregates in the brain and neurological phenotypes. Importantly, the N-terminal mutant HTT also preferentially accumulates in the striatum, the brain region most affected in HD, indicating the importance of N-terminal HTT in selective neuropathology. That said, homozygous N160Q-KI mice are also embryonic lethal, suggesting that N-terminal HTT alone is unable to support embryonic development. Using Htt knockout neurons, we found that loss of Htt selectively affects the survival of developing neuronal cells, but not astrocytes, in culture. This neuronal degeneration could be rescued by a truncated HTT lacking the first 237 amino acids, but not by N-terminal HTT (1–208 amino acids). Also, the rescue effect depends on the region in HTT known to be involved in intracellular trafficking. Thus, the N-terminal HTT region may not be essential for the survival of developing neurons, but when carrying a large polyQ repeat, can cause selective neuropathology. These findings imply a possible therapeutic benefit of removing the N-terminal region of HTT containing the polyQ repeat to treat the neurodegeneration in HD.
Ambient Air Pollution and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review of the Literature

Over the last decade or so, a large number of studies have investigated the possible adverse effects of ambient air pollution on birth outcomes. We reviewed these studies, which were identified by a systematic search of the main scientific databases. Virtually all reviewed studies were population based, with information on exposure to air pollution derived from routine monitoring sources. Overall, there is evidence implicating air pollution in adverse effects on different birth outcomes, but the strength of the evidence differs between outcomes. The evidence is sufficient to infer a causal relationship between particulate air pollution and respiratory deaths in the postneonatal period. For air pollution and birth weight the evidence suggests causality, but further studies are needed to confirm an effect and its size and to clarify the most vulnerable period of pregnancy and the role of different pollutants. For preterm births and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) the evidence as yet is insufficient to infer causality, but the available evidence justifies further studies. Molecular epidemiologic studies suggest possible biologic mechanisms for the effect on birth weight, premature birth, and IUGR and support the view that the relation between pollution and these birth outcomes is genuine. For birth defects, the evidence base so far is insufficient to draw conclusions. In terms of exposure to specific pollutants, particulates seem the most important for infant deaths, and the effect on IUGR seems linked to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, but the existing evidence does not allow precise identification of the different pollutants or the timing of exposure that can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Mapping freshwater marsh species in the wetlands of Lake Okeechobee using very high-resolution aerial photography and lidar data

ABSTRACT Accurate marsh species maps are needed to study their abundance, distribution, habitat change, and to support the ongoing and future restoration activities in Lake Okeechobee, Florida, U.S.A. In this study, we integrated very high-resolution aerial photography with a light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-derived digital elevation model (DEM) for the discrimination of six freshwater marsh species (Salix caroliniana, Spartina bakeri, Polygonum spp., Typha spp., Phragmites australis, and Cladium jamaicense). Four techniques were combined in the mapping procedure, including object-based image analysis, machine learning classifiers, texture analysis, and ensemble analysis. The results showed that both texture and topography features were invaluable for marsh species mapping. A synergy of spatial, spectral, and topographical features achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 85.3% and kappa coefficient of 0.83 using the Random Forest (RF) classifier. Ensemble analysis of the outputs from Support Vector Machine (SVM), RF, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) did not increase the classification accuracy, but produced an uncertainty map to identify regions with a robust classification and areas difficult to map. Ensemble analysis was beneficial in getting further insight into marsh species mapping. The developed digital procedure is a promising alternative to traditional field survey and manual interpretation methods for generating marsh maps to support the lake restoration.
3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis(1,2-dicyanoethene-1,2-dithiolato-κ2 S,S′)nickel(III)

In the title compound, (C8H15N2)[Ni(C4N2S2)2], the NiIII atom is coordinated by four S atoms of two maleonitriledithiolate ligands and exhibits a distorted square-planar geometry. In the crystal, the cations and anions are connected alternately by weak intermolecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a zigzag chain along [201].
Peripheral neurogenic factors in acute and chronic alterations of arterial pressure.

FOR MANY years it has been well apreciated that the control of systemic arterial blood pressure is exerted at central as well as peripheral neural sites. Much attention has been directed recently at the central component of arterial blood pressure regulation, and numerous reviews have been devoted to this subject (see Brody et al., 1980; Chalmers, 1975; Hilton and Spyer, 1980; Palkovits and Zaborszky, 1977). Less emphasis has been placed on peripheral neurogenic influences on vascular tone relating to blood pressure regulation. One of the difficulties encountered when evaluating relative importance of peripheral or central factors is the imprecise methodology for studying them independently. Implicating a change in peripheral neurogenic function due to some intervention is often confounded by central influences. An example of this is provided if a representative change in sympathetic neural function is examined. A decrease in norepinephrine content in cardiac tissue due to DOCA-salt treatment was originally attributed to a defect in the storage capacity of the nerve vesicles of peripheral adrenergjc nerves (Krakoff et al., 1967). However, further experimentation revealed that the decreased content was due to increased turnover of norepinephrine brought about by an increase in central sympathetic outflow (De Champlain et al., 1969; Haeusler et al., 1972; Van Ameringen et al., 1977; Giachetti et al., 1979). This central mechanism is the explanation currently given for the observation of depressed adrenergic storage in DOCA-salt hypertension, rather than that of peripheral nerve impairment (Giachetti et al., 1979). Methods to study drug actions on central neurogenic function also present some difficulties. A common means to delineate the effects of agonists or antagonists upon central vasomotor function is to infuse the agents into the ventricular system, either intracerebroventricularly or intracisternally. Because of the relatively small volumes into which such infusions are made, unphysiologically high concentrations of these agents are often reached, and therefore conclusions drawn from these experiments must be made cautiously. Access to the central vasomotor areas via the vertebral and carotid arteries is also utilized. However, drugs, even if given in low doses, recirculate into the systemic vascular beds and may exert direct effects. Control experiments must be included to establish a definite central effect. A useful means of monitoring the central sympathetic discharge is by recording preganglionic sympathetic nerve activity (Bronk et al., 1936). This technique is used routinely in acute experiments but is applied less often to conscious animals. More precise methods are needed to quantify the relative participation of central and peripheral factors on vascular neurogenic function under more physiological conditions, e.g., in awake animals.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) 2010 An Effective Clustering Approach to Stock Market Prediction

In this paper, we propose an effective clustering method, HRK (Hierarchical agglomerative and Recursive K-means clustering), to predict the short-term stock price movements after the release of financial reports. The proposed method consists of three phases. First, we convert each financial report into a feature vector and use the hierarchical agglomerative clustering method to divide the converted feature vectors into clusters. Second, for each cluster, we recursively apply the K-means clustering method to partition each cluster into sub-clusters so that most feature vectors in each subcluster belong to the same class. Then, for each sub-cluster, we choose its centroid as the representative feature vector. Finally, we employ the representative feature vectors to predict the stock price movements. The experimental results show the proposed method outperforms SVM in terms of accuracy and average profits.
Dynamic Capabilities, Resources, and Social Capital in Creating Sustainable Competitive Strategies in Indonesian MSME

The purpose of this study is to better understand how Indonesian Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) shape sustainable competitive strategies through the interaction of dynamic capabilities, resources, and social capital. The study employed a quantitative methodology that utilized Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS 3) to extract data from a representative sample of 232 MSMEs located in different industries and geographies. The results show that social capital, resources, dynamic capacities, and sustainable competitive strategies are all positively correlated. The study also reveals the mediating functions of social capital and resources in converting dynamic capabilities into long-term competitive advantages. With a robust R-squared value and a Goodness of Fit (GoF) rating of 0.68, the model demonstrates a substantial fit, indicating its adequacy in explaining the intricacies of the MSME environment in Indonesia. These revelations have important ramifications for developing theories as well as useful tactics to raise MSMEs' competitiveness in Indonesia.