Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disaster Management: Mental Health Perspective

Disaster mental health is based on the principles of ‘preventive medicine’ This principle has necessitated a paradigm shift from relief centered post-disaster management to a holistic, multi-dimensional integrated community approach of health promotion, disaster prevention, preparedness and mitigation. This has ignited the paradigm shift from curative to preventive aspects of disaster management. This can be understood on the basis of six ‘R’s such as Readiness (Preparedness), Response (Immediate action), Relief (Sustained rescue work), Rehabilitation (Long term remedial measures using community resources), Recovery (Returning to normalcy) and Resilience (Fostering). Prevalence of mental health problems in disaster affected population is found to be higher by two to three times than that of the general population. Along with the diagnosable mental disorders, affected community also harbours large number of sub-syndromal symptoms. Majority of the acute phase reactions and disorders are self-limiting, whereas long-term phase disorders require assistance from mental health professionals. Role of psychotropic medication is very limited in preventing mental health morbidity. The role of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in mitigating the mental health morbidity appears to be promising. Role of Psychological First Aid (PFA) and debriefing is not well-established. Disaster management is a continuous and integrated cyclical process of planning, organising, coordinating and implementing measures to prevent and to manage disaster effectively. Thus, now it is time to integrate public health principles into disaster mental health.
Machine Learning of DTI Structural Brain Connectomes for Lateralization of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We analyzed the ability of a machine learning approach that uses diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) structural connectomes to determine lateralization of epileptogenicity in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed diffusion tensor and 3-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted images of 44 patients with TLE (right, 15, left, 29; mean age, 33.0 ± 11.6 years) and 14 age-matched controls. We constructed a whole brain structural connectome for each subject, calculated graph theoretical network measures, and used a support vector machine (SVM) for classification among 3 groups (right TLE versus controls, left TLE versus controls, and right TLE versus left TLE) following a feature reduction process with sparse linear regression. RESULTS In left TLE, we found a significant decrease in local efficiency and the clustering coefficient in several brain regions, including the left posterior cingulate gyrus, left cuneus, and both hippocampi. In right TLE, the right hippocampus showed reduced nodal degree, clustering coefficient, and local efficiency. With use of the leave-one-out cross-validation strategy, the SVM classifier achieved accuracy of 75.9 to 89.7% for right TLE versus controls, 74.4 to 86.0% for left TLE versus controls, and 72.7 to 86.4% for left TLE versus right TLE. CONCLUSION Machine learning of graph theoretical measures from the DTI structural connectome may give support to lateralization of the TLE focus. The present good discrimination between left and right TLE suggests that, with further refinement, the classifier should improve presurgical diagnostic confidence.
Chronic Pain in Children: A Look at the Referral Process to a Pediatric Pain Clinic

We reviewed the referral pattern of children with chronic pain to a specialized pediatric pain clinic. Data were obtained from referring physicians and medical records and during an interview with patients and their parents by physicians and a psychologist. We analyzed the following: referral diagnosis, demographics, duration of symptoms, number of physicians previously consulted, school attendance, sports activities, presence of psychological disorders, final team diagnosis, and outcomes. Children had been experiencing pain for 34 ± 55 months. Patients had consulted on average 3 physicians in addition to their pediatrician. 32% of the patients had missed at least 10 days of school in a calendar year, and 47% had stopped playing sports. 15% had an operation because of pain that had been unsuccessful. The most common missed diagnosis was anxiety (25%) and depression (13%). 69% of the patients were back to school and/or playing sports within 4 months from our initial consultation. 32% of the patients did not make any progress during the follow-up period. The most common reasons for failure to improve were no compliance with the recommended treatments and poorly controlled major mood disorder. The time to refer children with chronic pain for specialized care could be extremely long causing significant social and psychological consequence.
Emotional Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

In addition to motor symptomatology, idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is characterized by emotional dysfunction. Depression affects some 30 to 40 percent of Parkinson patients and other psychiatric co-morbidities include anxiety and apathy. Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies of emotional dysfunction in Parkinson patients suggest abnormalities involving mesolimbic and mesocortical dopaminergic pathways. There is also evidence suggesting that the interaction between serotonin and dopamine systems is important in the understanding and treatment of mood disorders in Parkinson’s disease. In this review we discuss the neuropsychiatric abnormalities that accompany Parkinson's disease and describe their neuropsychological, neuropharmacologic, and neuroimaging concomitants.
Influence of Seasonal Variations in Sea Level on the Salinity Regime of a Coastal Groundwater–Fed Wetland

Seasonal variations in sea level are often neglected in studies of coastal aquifers; however, they may have important controls on processes such as submarine groundwater discharge, sea water intrusion, and groundwater discharge to coastal springs and wetlands. We investigated seasonal variations in salinity in a groundwater‐fed coastal wetland (the RAMSAR listed Piccaninnie Ponds in South Australia) and found that salinity peaked during winter, coincident with seasonal sea level peaks. Closer examination of salinity variations revealed a relationship between changes in sea level and changes in salinity, indicating that sea level–driven movement of the fresh water‐sea water interface influences the salinity of discharging groundwater in the wetland. Moreover, the seasonal control of sea level on wetland salinity seems to override the influence of seasonal recharge. A two‐dimensional variable density model helped validate this conceptual model of coastal groundwater discharge by showing that fluctuations in groundwater salinity in a coastal aquifer can be driven by a seasonal coastal boundary condition in spite of seasonal recharge/discharge dynamics. Because seasonal variations in sea level and coastal wetlands are ubiquitous throughout the world, these findings have important implications for monitoring and management of coastal groundwater–dependent ecosystems.
Robust tracking control of robot manipulators

From the Publisher: Bringing together the latest research in the field, Robust Tracking Control of Robot Manipulators is the first book to provide systematic methods for stabilizing unwanted flexible, uncertain, and unmodeled dynamics. The authors present a thorough comparison of state-of-the-art and classical designs of all controls: linear or nonlinear (simple or complicated), conventional or robust, adaptive or learning. Focusing on control design and performance analysis, this book will help you to apply advanced controls effectively and to establish equivalent and different robustness. This book will be invaluable as a guide to researchers and practicing engineers in the field of robot control, automation, and robotic engineering. It will also serve as a useful reference for control of robot manipulators and mechanical-electrical systems.
Quantum Vlasov equation and its Markov limit

The adiabatic particle number in mean field theory obeys a quantum Vlasov equation which is nonlocal in time. For weak, slowly varying electric fields this particle number can be identified with the single particle distribution function in phase space, and its time rate of change is the appropriate effective source term for the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation. By analyzing the evolution of the particle number we exhibit the time structure of the particle creation process in a constant electric field, and derive the local form of the source term due to pair creation. In order to capture the secular Schwinger creation rate, the source term requires an asymptotic expansion which is uniform in time, and whose longitudinal momentum dependence can be approximated by a delta function only on time scales much longer than {radical} (p{sub {perpendicular}}{sup 2}+m{sup 2}c{sup 2}) /eE. The local Vlasov source term amounts to a kind of Markov limit of field theory, where information about quantum phase correlations in the created pairs is ignored and a reversible Hamiltonian evolution is replaced by an irreversible kinetic one. This replacement has a precise counterpart in the density matrix description, where it corresponds to disregarding the rapidly varying off-diagonal terms in the more » adiabatic number basis and treating the more slowly varying diagonal elements as the probabilities of creating pairs in a stochastic process. A numerical comparison between the quantum and local kinetic approaches to the dynamical back reaction problem shows remarkably good agreement, even in quite strong electric fields, eE{approx_equal}m{sup 2}c{sup 3}/{h_bar}, over a large range of times. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society} « less
Studies of the growth, evolution, and self‐aggregation of β‐amyloid fibrils using tapping‐mode atomic force microscopy

Amyloid peptide (Aβ) is the major protein component of plaques found in Alzheimer's disease, and the aggregation of Aβ into oligomeric and fibrillic assemblies has been shown to be an early event of the disease pathway. Visualization of the progressive evolution of nanoscale changes in the morphology of Aβ oligomeric assemblies and amyloid fibrils has been accomplished ex situ using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in ambient conditions. In this report, the size and the shape of amyloid β1‐40 fibrils, as well as the secondary organization into aggregate structures were monitored at different intervals over a period of 5 months. Characterizations with tapping‐mode AFM serve to minimize the strong adhesive forces between the probe and the sample to prevent damage or displacement of fragile fibrils. The early stages of Aβ growth showed a predominance of spherical seed structures, oligomeric assemblies, and protofibrils; however the size and density of fibrils progressively increased with time. Within a few days of incubation, linear assemblies and fibrils became apparent. Over extended time scales of up to 5 months, the fibrils formed dense ensembles spanning lengths of several microns, which exhibit interesting changes due to self‐organization of the fibrils into bundles or tangles. Detailed characterization of the Aβ assembly process at the nanoscale will help elucidate the role of Aβ in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic Characteristics of Micro-Beams Considering the Effect of Flexible Supports

Normally, the boundaries are assumed to allow small deflections and moments for MEMS beams with flexible supports. The non-ideal boundary conditions have a significant effect on the qualitative dynamical behavior. In this paper, by employing the principle of energy equivalence, rigorous theoretical solutions of the tangential and rotational equivalent stiffness are derived based on the Boussinesq's and Cerruti's displacement equations. The non-dimensional differential partial equation of the motion, as well as coupled boundary conditions, are solved analytically using the method of multiple time scales. The closed-form solution provides a direct insight into the relationship between the boundary conditions and vibration characteristics of the dynamic system, in which resonance frequencies increase with the nonlinear mechanical spring effect but decrease with the effect of flexible supports. The obtained results of frequencies and mode shapes are compared with the cases of ideal boundary conditions, and the differences between them are contrasted on frequency response curves. The influences of the support material property on the equivalent stiffness and resonance frequency shift are also discussed. It is demonstrated that the proposed model with the flexible supports boundary conditions has significant effect on the rigorous quantitative dynamical analysis of the MEMS beams. Moreover, the proposed analytical solutions are in good agreement with those obtained from finite element analyses.
PWM Technique To Overcome The Effect of High PAPR in Wireless Systems

Many current communication systems suffer from performance degradation due to the high sensitivity to high power peaks especially in the nonlinear devices. The author introduces a new concept based on the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), namely MIMO-OFDM system based PWM (MO-PWM) to overcome this deficiency. Here, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique is used as a criterion to check the validity of the proposed work. Moreover, the proposed system work has been implemented over Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which is designed to characterize both of the complexity and the speed issues. The systems performance based MO-PWM and validity have been checked based on a numerical analysis and a conducted simulation. The simulation results show that the MO-PWM can clearly reduce the PAPR values nevertheless the used OFDM systems’ specifications, and gives a promising results over some techniques found in the literature, such as clipping, SLM and PTS under same bandwidth occupancy and system’s specifications.
Genetic determinants of chronic oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity: a genome‐wide study replication and meta‐analysis

We aimed at validating the role of genetic variants identified by a recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS) as determinants of chronic oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OXAIPN). Eight polymorphisms (rs10486003, rs2338, rs843748, rs797519, rs4936453, rs12023000, rs17140129, and rs6924717) were genotyped in a total of 150 colorectal cancer patients of Caucasian origin receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. The severity grade of chronic OXAIPN was assessed by NCI‐CTC criteria and the clinical version of the Total Neuropathy Score© (TNSc©). None of the polymorphisms investigated was found associated with grade ≥ 2 chronic OXAIPN (NCI‐CTC criteria), while a nominal association emerged for ACYP2 rs843748 when using the TNSc© scale (dominant model: odds ratio [OR]: 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.75, P = 0.008). In the combined analysis of this results with data of the two previously published studies which assessed chronic OXAIPN by NCI‐CTC criteria, evidence suggestive of association with chronic OXAIPN (NCI‐CTC criteria) was found for ACYP2 rs843748 (dominant model: OR: 2.40, 95%CI: 1.40–5.24, P = 0.027), which, however, did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing (threshold P‐value <0.00625). These findings suggest a minor role of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) investigated as genetic determinants of chronic OXAIPN. These results also highlight the importance of replication studies with meta‐analysis for validation of GWAS findings.
Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma--clinical features and treatment outcomes from a 30-year experience.

BACKGROUND Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin disease (LPHD) is a rare subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma, for which there is limited evidence regarding the presentation, natural history and treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-institution retrospective review all of patients diagnosed with LPHD over a 30-year period. RESULTS Eighty-eight patients were included. Median follow-up was 13 years. Local radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy resulted in durable disease control in patients with stage I or II disease. Advanced stage at presentation, presence of B symptoms, low albumin, and either partial response or stable disease to first treatment were associated with worse treatment outcomes. Relapse rate for the entire cohort was 44%, with an 8% rate of transformation to large-cell lymphoma. Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy resulted in durable remission in a heavily pretreated subgroup. Outcomes with autologous transplant are discussed. CONCLUSION Our series has the longest follow-up of any report, includes the only series of patients treated with autologous transplant, and has the largest group of patients treated with rituximab and chemotherapy in this indication.
The influence of computer navigation on trainee learning in hip resurfacing arthroplasty

Computer navigation in arthroplasty surgery is a form of concurrent augmented feedback. Motor learning theory suggests such feedback may be detrimental to learning as a result of the learner either developing a dependence on the additional feedback or being distracted from using intrinsic feedback. To determine whether computer navigation influences the learning curve of novices performing hip resurfacing arthroplasty, a systematic review and critical appraisal of the current English-language literature on the topic was conducted. There is some evidence that use of navigation by trainees facilitates more accurate placement of arthroplasty components as compared to conventional instrumentation. However, there is no evidence that training with computer navigation impairs performance in retention or transfer tests. Thus, although the published literature has significant limitations, there is no evidence that supports concerns regarding the impact of computer navigation on the learning curve of arthroplasty trainees.
Ubx4 Modulates Cdc48 Activity and Influences Degradation of Misfolded Proteins of the Endoplasmic Reticulum*

Misfolded proteins of the secretory pathway are recognized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), retrotranslocated into the cytoplasm, and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Right after retrotranslocation and polyubiquitination, they are extracted from the cytosolic side of the ER membrane through a complex consisting of the AAA ATPase Cdc48 (p97 in mammals), Ufd1, and Npl4. This complex delivers misfolded proteins to the proteasome for final degradation. Extraction, delivery, and processing of ERAD (ER-associated degradation) substrates to the proteasome requires additional cofactors of Cdc48. Here we characterize the UBX domain containing protein Ubx4 (Cui1) as a crucial factor for the degradation of polyubiquitinated proteins via ERAD. Ubx4 modulates the Cdc48-Ufd1-Npl4 complex to guarantee its correct function. Mutant variants of Ubx4 lead to defective degradation of misfolded proteins and accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins bound to Cdc48. We show the requirement of the UBX domain of Ubx4 for its function in ERAD. The observation that Ubx2 and Ubx4 are not found together in one complex with Cdc48 suggests several distinct steps in modulating the activity and localization of Cdc48 in ERAD.
The Relation of Humor and Child Development: Social, Adaptive, and Emotional Aspects

A sense of humor has been linked to social competence, popularity, and adaptability. The purpose of this review was to investigate the extant research in humor in childhood. Emerging work on the neuroanatomy of humor was discussed with findings of right hemispheric involvement for the comprehension and appreciation of humor for the affective network and the left hemisphere for cognitive understanding. These findings are intriguing when examining humor functioning in children with various disabilities, particularly the right hemisphere for children with autistic spectrum disorders or nonverbal learning disabilities. Examination of research in humor in childhood disabilities found most articles on humor in children with autistic spectrum disorder or mental retardation, with few to none in learning disabilities or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It was concluded that further study is needed to understand humor in children with disabilities and that such understanding will assist with interventions.
Use of noun morphology by children with language impairment: the case of Hungarian.

BACKGROUND Children with language impairment often exhibit significant difficulty in the use of grammatical morphology. Although English-speaking children with language impairment have special difficulties with verb morphology, noun morphology can also be problematic in languages of a different typology. AIMS Hungarian is an agglutinating language with multiple suffixation, in which both regular-class and irregular-class nouns contain the same recognizable grammatical markers, but the two classes differ in their morphophonology and productivity. Such typological characteristics provide a good basis for evaluating processing accounts of language impairment such as the morphological richness account. METHODS & PROCEDURES We examined the production of Hungarian irregular and regular noun morphology through elicited production of nouns with plural, accusative case and plural plus accusative case suffixes in an older (8-10 years) and a younger (4-7 years) group of children with language impairment and two verbal control groups matched on vocabulary size. The children's accuracy was scored both in terms of grammatical function (whether plural and/or accusative case was appropriately marked) and morphophonology (whether the production reflected the phonotactic form required for the stem plus suffix). OUTCOMES & RESULTS The younger children with language impairment were less accurate than the younger verbal control children when two suffixes (marking plural and accusative case) were required, at least when noun stem classes were regular. All groups showed significant overgeneralization of stem forms with correct selection of suffixes. However, there were strong word frequency effects in the language impairment, but not in the verbal control groups. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS Much of the data were consistent with predictions of the morphological richness account. However, there was also evidence suggestive of differences between the language impairment and verbal control groups in their representations. In particular, the children with language impairment seemed to rely more (though not exclusively) on memorized items in the lexicon.