Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Statistics of the Mutual Information for Spatially Correlated Rician Fading MIMO Channels With Interference

The statistics of the mutual information of a separately correlated Rician fading multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel in the presence of multiple-access interference are addressed in this paper. The approach followed is asymptotic in the number of transmit, receive, and interfering antennas, which are all assumed to grow asymptotically large while approaching finite ratios. In this asymptotic regime: i) the mean and the variance of the mutual information are calculated; and ii) the mutual information distribution is shown to converge to the Gaussian distribution, specified completely by the mean and variance, under some mild technical conditions. The asymptotic method adopted relies on two powerful tools developed in the context of theoretical physics: the replica method and superanalysis. The former has been already successfully applied in several research studies on MIMO systems. The application of these asymptotic results takes advantage of the fact that, in spite of being developed under the assumption of an asymptotically large number of antennas, they still represent a very accurate approximation even when the number of antennas is limited to a few units, as supported by the ample set of numerical results obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and reported in this paper.
The Information Available to a Moving Observer on Shape with Unknown, Isotropic BRDFs

Psychophysical studies show motion cues inform about shape even with unknown reflectance. Recent works in computer vision have considered shape recovery for an object of unknown BRDF using light source or object motions. This paper proposes a theory that addresses the remaining problem of determining shape from the (small or differential) motion of the camera, for unknown isotropic BRDFs. Our theory derives a differential stereo relation that relates camera motion to surface depth, which generalizes traditional Lambertian assumptions. Under orthographic projection, we show differential stereo may not determine shape for general BRDFs, but suffices to yield an invariant for several restricted (still unknown) BRDFs exhibited by common materials. For the perspective case, we show that differential stereo yields the surface depth for unknown isotropic BRDF and unknown directional lighting, while additional constraints are obtained with restrictions on the BRDF or lighting. The limits imposed by our theory are intrinsic to the shape recovery problem and independent of choice of reconstruction method. We also illustrate trends shared by theories on shape from differential motion of light source, object or camera, to relate the hardness of surface reconstruction to the complexity of imaging setup.
SPARK: A New VANET-Based Smart Parking Scheme for Large Parking Lots

Searching for a vacant parking space in a congested area or a large parking lot and preventing auto theft are major concerns to our daily lives. In this paper, we propose a new smart parking scheme for large parking lots through vehicular communication. The proposed scheme can provide the drivers with real-time parking navigation service, intelligent anti- theft protection, and friendly parking information dissemination. Performance analysis via extensive simulations demonstrates its efficiency and practicality. Keywords— Vehicular communications; smart parking; navi- gation; anti-theft; information dissemination; security & privacy
Energy And Information Aspects Of Self-Organisation Of Ecological Systems: Mathematical Models And Interpretations

Models of the long-term ecological successions are considered. The model of open Eigen’s hypercycle has been used to model the process. It is shown that ecological succession is a complex process with ability for self-organisation. It is distinguished two type of selforganisation: by adjusting system control parameters or by change of quantity of its components. The first type is determined by bifurcation properties of the system. In both cases the process is under essential influence of a level of flows of matter and information through the system. INTRODUCTION Majority of natural, economic, are social systems are complex, i.e. it consists of a large number of elements, each of which is also quite complex. A large number of links between elements of such systems and their complexity determine their essentially nonlinear behaviour. Usage of nonlinear models and relevant research methods allows to describe different types of structures, ways to their stabilization or transition to instability. Basics of the theory of nonlinear systems were formed by such classics as J.W. Rayleigh, J.L d‘Alembert, J.H. Poincare. Their ideas were developed in the works of O.L. Lyapunov (Lyapunov 1950), A.A. Andronov (Andronov et al. 1966), V.I. Arnold (Arnold et al. 1986) within the qualitative theory of differential equations. One of stages of of the theory was synergetics, developed by H. Haken (Haken 1980) and I. Prigogine (Prigogine and Nicolis 1979). The first "customer" of the nonlinear theory was physics. However, with the development of systems approach and cybernetic theory the use of the nonlinear ideas was extended and covered the processes of a different nature, including ecological ones. Thus, in the paper (Samarskiy and Mihailov 2001) A.P. Mikhailov showed a spatial self-organization of populations basing on a diffusion-reaction equation. The mosaic structure of ecological macrosystems was studied in the article (Riitters K.H. et al. 2009). Interesting results on the self-organization in spatially distributed plant communities were obtained in (Kolobov and Frisman 2008). Mainly, the researches were focused on analysis of spatial and spatial-temporal processes of self-organization. In the current paper self-organisation is considered for systems with lumped parameters. The model of open Eigen’s hypercycle (Chernyshenko 2005) is used to describe such ecological processes of self-organisation as primary succession. GENERALIZED MODEL Let’s consider the model     . , 1 , 1 1 0 n i x X f x S X f dt dx
A comparison of Process Capability Measures for Seasonal and Non-Seasonal Autoregressive Auto-Correlated Data

The process capability indices give a measure of how a process suits within the specification limits. Traditionally, the main assumptions are used in calculating these indices that the measurements for the specified characteristic are independent and normally distributed. In this paper we investigated the distributional properties in terms of Bias, MSE and empirical distribution for the sample version of the most common three process capability measures namely; when the process data are autocorrelated following seasonal or non-seasonal first-order autoregressive process. We have found that the characteristics of those estimators are negatively affected by the autocorrelation data, especially for the multiplicative seasonal AR model. Besides, we found that the empirical distributions of the three sample capability measures are positively skewed and leptokurtic, a fact which is true when the data are independent and normal.
Efficacy of Deferoxamine in Animal Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Stratified Meta-Analysis

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. No proven treatments are available for this condition. Iron-mediated free radical injury is associated with secondary damage following ICH. Deferoxamine (DFX), a ferric-iron chelator, is a candidate drug for the treatment of ICH. We performed a systematic review of studies involving the administration of DFX following ICH. In total, 20 studies were identified that described the efficacy of DFX in animal models of ICH and assessed changes in the brain water content, neurobehavioral score, or both. DFX reduced the brain water content by 85.7% in animal models of ICH (-0.86, 95% CI: -.48- -0.23; P < 0.01; 23 comparisons), and improved the neurobehavioral score by -1.08 (95% CI: -1.23- -0.92; P < 0.01; 62 comparisons). DFX was most efficacious when administered 2–4 h after ICH at a dose of 10–50 mg/kg depending on species, and this beneficial effect remained for up to 24 h postinjury. The efficacy was higher with phenobarbital anesthesia, intramuscular injection, and lysed erythrocyte infusion, and in Fischer 344 rats or aged animals. Overall, although DFX was found to be effective in experimental ICH, additional confirmation is needed due to possible publication bias, poor study quality, and the limited number of studies conducting clinical trials.
Analysis of Letter Frequency Distribution in the Voynich Manuscript

The Voynich manuscript is one of the biggest mysteries in linguistic science. Although a lot of researches are being made, the author, the origin and the content of the manuscript still remain unknown. In this work letter frequency distributions of about 300 languages were compared to one of the language in the Voynich manuscript. The study shows the most similar languages according to this characteristics of a natural language.
Comments Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation Association studies , ACE polymorphisms and renal disease

The genetic contribution to major disorders is increasingly recognized. This usually reflects interaction at a number of different loci to determine the eventual clinical phenotype, and dissecting out the role of individual components is a complex task. However, a clear understanding of the genetic factors involved in diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes and glomerulonephritis is important as it will allow us to identify high-risk groups (those more likely to develop end-organ damage or progressive disease), and to target therapy at those most likely to benefit.
THE EVOLUTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES TO REDSHIFT 1.3

We have measured the luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN) population in a large sample of clusters of galaxies and find evidence for a substantial increase in the cluster AGN population from z ∼ 0.05 to z ∼ 1.3. The present sample now includes 32 clusters of galaxies, including 15 clusters above z = 0.4, which corresponds to a three-fold increase compared to our previous work at high redshift. At z < 0.4, we have obtained new observations of AGN candidates in six additional clusters and found no new luminous AGN in cluster members. Our total sample of 17 low-redshift clusters contains only two luminous AGNs, while at high redshifts there are 18 such AGNs, or an average of more than one per cluster. We have characterized the evolution of luminous X-ray AGNs as the fraction of galaxies with MR < M*R(z) + 1 that host AGNs with rest-frame, hard X-ray [2–10 keV] luminosities LX,H ⩾ 1043 erg s−1. The AGN fraction increases from fA = 0.134+0.18−0.087% at a median z = 0.19 to fA = 1.00+0.29−0.23% at a median z = 0.72. Our best estimate of the evolution is a factor of 8 increase to z = 1 and the statistical significance of the increase is 3. 8σ. This dramatic evolution is qualitatively similar to the evolution of the star-forming galaxy population in clusters known as the Butcher–Oemler effect. We discuss the implications of this result for the coevolution of black holes and galaxies in clusters, the evolution of AGN feedback, searches for clusters with the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, and the possible detection of environment-dependent downsizing.
Is language laterality related to language abilities

It is well known that language processing depends on specialized areas in the left side of the brain in the majority of the population. A popular view is that developmental language disorders result from a poorly lateralized brain, but evidence in support of this has been weak and inconsistent. In this thesis, I investigated language-related asymmetries in brain structure and function, and their behavioural relevance in both individuals with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing adults. Combining different brain imaging techniques, I looked at group-level as well as individual estimates of language laterality and its relationship to language abilities. The aim of my first two studies was to investigate the neural underpinnings of SLI in terms of white matter microstructure and functional organization associated with auditory processing. For this, diffusion and functional MRI data was obtained in a small number of families with a history of SLI and in control families. Compared with neurotypical controls, children with SLI had lower white matter integrity in the corpus callosum, and in white matter areas corresponding to the dorsal and ventral language pathways. The expected functional lateralization for auditory processing was not observed in either group. In the second half of my thesis, I assessed language laterality in 215 neurotypical adults. I demonstrated that functional transcranial Doppler (FTCD) ultrasonography could reliably assess functional lateralization across different language processes. From this large group, I identified 16 individuals with atypical language lateralization and compared them to a group of 16 typically lateralized individuals using a combination of FTCD, MRI and behavioural measures of language laterality and language abilities. The two groups differed significantly in terms of lateralization assessed by functional MRI and diffusion imaging. The atypical group had lower left and greater right hemisphere activation compared with the typical group, and lacked the leftwards asymmetry in the ventral language tract seen in the typical group. The groups did not differ in terms of cognitive measures. Different functional laterality assessments were concordant in the typically lateralized individuals but were inconsistent in the individuals assessed as atypical by FTCD. In brief, my findings suggest that for some individuals language lateralization may be unstable and varies depending on task or other factors. Even so, such differences do not appear to have consequences for language or other cognitive development.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI DI PATRA SEMARANG CONVENTION HOTEL

This research was conducted to find out the influence of competence and motivation on employee performance and working satisfaction as moderation variable. This research used primary data which was questionnaire. The sample used in this research was 60 respondents. This research was expected to provide useful information for leaders and employees. The obtained data were processed using descriptive analysis and quantitative statistical analysis. Quantitative analysis applied multiple regression analysis to find the independent variable towards the dependent one. This result of the research showed that both competence and motivation influenced the employee performance and working satisfaction as moderation variable in Patra Semarang Convention Hotel. Keywords : competence , motivation , working satisfaction, and employee performance.
Prospective clinical evaluation of patients from Missouri and New York with erythema migrans-like skin lesions.

BACKGROUND The most common and most recognizable feature of Borrelia burgdorferi infection (Lyme disease) is the skin lesion erythema migrans (EM). An illness associated with an EM-like skin lesion, but which is not caused by B. burgdorferi, occurs in many southern states in the United States (southern tick-associated rash illness [STARI], also known as Masters disease). METHODS Clinical features of 21 cases of EM-like skin lesions in 21 patients from Missouri were compared in a prospective study with those of 101 cases in 97 patients with EM-like skin lesions from New York. RESULTS Among Missouri cases, the peak incidence of EM-like skin lesions occurred earlier in the year than it did among New York cases (P<.001). Case patients from Missouri were more likely to recall a tick bite than were case patients from New York (85.7% and 19.8%, respectively; P<.001), and the time period from tick bite to onset of the skin lesion was shorter among Missouri case patients (6.1+/-4.2 days and 10.4+/-6.1 days, respectively; P=.011). Missouri case patients were less likely to be symptomatic than were New York case patients (19.0% and 76.2%, respectively; P<.001), and Missouri case patients were less likely to have multiple skin lesions (4.8% and 26.7%, respectively; P=.042). EM-like lesions in Missouri cases were smaller in size than those in New York cases (8.3+/-2.2 cm and 16.4+/-11.5 cm, respectively; P<.001), more circular in shape (P=.004), and more likely to have central clearing (76.2% and 21.6%, respectively; P<.001). After antibiotic treatment, Missouri case patients recovered more rapidly than did New York case patients (P=.037). CONCLUSION Cases of EM-like skin lesion in patients from Missouri and New York have distinct clinical presentations.
A List of Opaque Prepositional Expressions for EFL Undergraduates

The purpose of this paper was toe stablish a list of the most frequent semantically noncompositional prepositional expressions for EFL undergraduates, who need to read English academic texts in their fields of study. Made up of a preposition and a noun phrase, prepositional expressions usually function as an adjective or adverb. In this research, high-frequency prepositional expressions were retrieved from the 112 million-word academic section of the 560million-token Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), which contains approximately 100 academic magazines and journals. In consideration of widespread use, the researcher applied a series of selection criteria (viz. frequency, meaningfulness, well-formedness and noncompositionality), while compiling the list. A total of 220 semantically non-compositional prepositional phrases of 2 to 5 words were chosen and they accounted for 1.02% of the total words in the COCA-academic. As with other individual wordlists, this prepositional expressions list may serve as a reference for English for General Purposes as well as English for Academic Purposes syllabi.
Design of Heterogeneous Adders Based on Power-Delay Tradeoffs

The performance of arithmetic adders varies widely in their power consumption, delay, and area requirements. To acquire more fine-grained tradeoffs in the power-delay tradeoff curve of a binary adder, the heterogeneous adder architecture is adopted. In heterogeneous adder architecture, a binary adder is decomposed into sub-adder blocks with different carry propagation schemes and precisions. Thus the method allows us to expand the original design space of a specific type of adder into the more fine-grained design space by mixing that of each sub-adder. In this paper, a design for heterogeneous adder through power optimization under delay constraints or delay optimization under power constraints was presented by determining the bitwidth of each sub-adder.
Hippocampal and entorhinal atrophy in mild cognitive impairment

Objective: To evaluate the utility of MRI hippocampal and entorhinal cortex atrophy in predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Baseline brain MRI was performed in 139 patients with MCI, broadly defined, and 63 healthy controls followed for an average of 5 years (range 1 to 9 years). Results: Hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes were each largest in controls, intermediate in MCI nonconverters, and smallest in MCI converters to AD (37 of 139 patients converted to AD). In separate Cox proportional hazards models, covarying for intracranial volume, smaller hippocampal volume (risk ratio [RR] 3.62, 95% CI 1.93 to 6.80, p < 0.0001), and entorhinal cortex volume (RR 2.43, 95% CI 1.56 to 3.79, p < 0.0001) each predicted time to conversion to AD. Similar results were obtained for hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volume in patients with MCI with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores ≥ 27 out of 30 (21% converted to AD) and in the subset of patients with amnestic MCI (35% converted to AD). In the total patient sample, when both hippocampal and entorhinal volume were entered into an age-stratified Cox model with sex, MMSE, education, and intracranial volume, smaller hippocampal volume (RR 2.21, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.29, p < 0.02) and entorhinal cortex volume (RR 2.48, 95% CI 1.54 to 3.97, p < 0.0002) predicted time to conversion to AD. Similar results were obtained in a Cox model that also included Selective Reminding Test (SRT) delayed recall and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) Digit Symbol as predictors. Based on logistic regression models in the 3-year follow-up sample, for a fixed specificity of 80%, the sensitivities for MCI conversion to AD were as follows: age 43.3%, MMSE 43.3%, age + MMSE 63.7%, age + MMSE + SRT delayed recall + WAIS-R Digit Symbol 80.6% (79.6% correctly classified), hippocampus + entorhinal cortex 66.7%, age + MMSE + hippocampus + entorhinal cortex 76.7% (85% correctly classified), age + MMSE + SRT delayed recall + WAIS-R Digit Symbol + hippocampus + entorhinal cortex 83.3% (86.8% correctly classified). Conclusions: Smaller hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes each contribute to the prediction of conversion to Alzheimer disease. Age and cognitive variables also contribute to prediction, and the added value of hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes is small. Nonetheless, combining these MRI volumes with age and cognitive measures leads to high levels of predictive accuracy that may have potential clinical application.
Improvement of Cognitive Deficit in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients by Long Term Treatment with Korean Red Ginseng

A 24-week randomized open-label study with Korean red ginseng (KRG) showed cognitive benefits in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. To further determine long-term effect of KRG, the subjects were recruited to be followed up to 2 yr. Cognitive function was evaluated every 12 wk using the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) and the Korean version of the Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) with the maintaining dose of 4.5 g or 9.0 g KRG per d. At 24 wk, there had been a significant improvement in KRG-treated groups. In the long-term evaluation of the efficacy of KRG after 24 wk, the improved MMSE score remained without significant decline at the 48th and 96th wk. ADAS-cog showed similar findings. Maximum improvement was found around week 24. In conclusion, the effect of KRG on cognitive functions was sustained for 2 yr follow-up, indicating feasible efficacies of long-term follow-up for Alzheimer’s disease.
Resources, Learning, and Policy: The Relative Effects of Social and Financial Capital on Student Learning in Schools

Abstract In this paper, we note the contrasting positions occupied by social and financial capital in state and federal education policy and compare their relative impacts on student learning. To make such a comparison, we analyzed data from a representative sample of Michigan’s elementary schools using multilevel structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among social capital, instructional expenditures, and student achievement. We found that the level of social capital characterizing schools was not a function of instructional expenditures. We also found that both social and financial capital had a positive and significant relationship with reading and mathematics student achievement. However, the effect of social capital was three and five times larger than that of financial capital on mathematics and reading, respectively. We discuss the implications of these findings for education policy and programs that might improve student learning by strengthening social relationships.