Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Dependence of Halo Clustering on Halo Formation History, Concentration, and Occupation

We investigate the dependence of dark matter halo clustering on halo formation time, density profile concentration, and subhalo occupation number, using high-resolution numerical simulations of a ΛCDM cosmology. We confirm results that halo clustering is a function of halo formation time at fixed mass and that this trend depends on halo mass. For the first time, we show unequivocally that halo clustering is a function of halo concentration and show that the dependence of halo bias on concentration, mass, and redshift can be accurately parameterized in a simple way: b(M,c|z) = b(M|z)b(c|M/M⋆). Interestingly, the scaling between bias and concentration changes sign with the value of M/M⋆: high-concentration (early forming) objects cluster more strongly for M ≲ M⋆, while low-concentration (late forming) objects cluster more strongly for rare high-mass halos, M ≳ M⋆. We show the first explicit demonstration that host dark halo clustering depends on the halo occupation number (of dark matter subhalos) at fixed mass and discuss implications for halo model calculations of dark matter power spectra and galaxy clustering statistics. The effect of these halo properties on clustering is strongest for early-forming dwarf-mass halos, which are significantly more clustered than typical halos of their mass. Our results suggest that isolated low-mass galaxies (e.g., low surface brightness dwarfs) should have more slowly rising rotation curves than their more clustered counterparts and may have consequences for the dearth of dwarf galaxies in voids. They also imply that self-calibrating richness-selected cluster samples with their clustering properties might overestimate cluster masses and bias cosmological parameter estimation.
Mapping Critical Language Sites in Children Performing Verb Generation: Whole-Brain Connectivity and Graph Theoretical Analysis in MEG

A classic left frontal-temporal brain network is known to support language processes. However, the level of participation of constituent regions, and the contribution of extra-canonical areas, is not fully understood; this is particularly true in children, and in individuals who have experienced early neurological insult. In the present work, we propose whole-brain connectivity and graph-theoretical analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG) source estimates to provide robust maps of the pediatric expressive language network. We examined neuromagnetic data from a group of typically-developing young children (n = 15, ages 4–6 years) and adolescents (n = 14, 16–18 years) completing an auditory verb generation task in MEG. All source analyses were carried out using a linearly-constrained minimum-variance (LCMV) beamformer. Conventional differential analyses revealed significant (p < 0.05, corrected) low-beta (13–23 Hz) event related desynchrony (ERD) focused in the left inferior frontal region (Broca’s area) in both groups, consistent with previous studies. Connectivity analyses were carried out in broadband (3–30 Hz) on time-course estimates obtained at the voxel level. Patterns of connectivity were characterized by phase locking value (PLV), and network hubs identified through eigenvector centrality (EVC). Hub analysis revealed the importance of left perisylvian sites, i.e., Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, across groups. The hemispheric distribution of frontal and temporal lobe EVC values was asymmetrical in most subjects; left dominant EVC was observed in 20% of young children, and 71% of adolescents. Interestingly, the adolescent group demonstrated increased critical sites in the right cerebellum, left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and left putamen. Here, we show that whole brain connectivity and network analysis can be used to map critical language sites in typical development; these methods may be useful for defining the margins of eloquent tissue in neurosurgical candidates.
Isolation and polymerase chain reaction-based identification of Riemerella anatipestifer from ducks in Kerala, India

Aim: The aim was to isolate and characterize Riemerella anatipestifer organisms from disease outbreaks in ducks in Kerala. Materials and Methods: Ducklings, suspected of Riemerella infection, were sacrificed and subjected to post-mortem examination. Heart blood smears and impression smears from liver and spleen were examined for the presence of pathogenic organisms. Heart blood, lung, liver, and spleen collected aseptically from the birds were subjected to isolation trials in brain heart infusion agar and 10% bovine blood agar. The isolates were characterized based on morphology, cultural characteristics and biochemical tests, and their identity were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the PCR amplified DNA was sequenced. The antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolates were carried out using six antibiotics viz ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, amoxycillin, cotrimoxazole, and gentamicin. Results: Colonies suggestive of Riemerella organisms could be isolated on blood agar. Biochemical characterization and PCR confirmed the identity of isolates as R. anatipestifer. The nucleotide sequence of the PCR product showed 99% homology to the R. anatipestifer sequences in the NCBI. The antibiogram revealed that the organisms were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and gentamicin. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the PCR assay can facilitate fast and proper identification of R. anatipestifer infection in ducks. The assay can also differentiate between R. anatipestifer and Pasteurella multocida and can replace the traditional methods of differentiation which are cumbersome and time-consuming.
The risk premium of volatility implicit in currency options

The paper provides an empirical investigation of the risk neutral variance process and the market price of variance risk implied in the foreign currency options market. There are three principal contributions. First, the parameters of Heston's (1993) mean-reverting square root stochastic volatility model are estimated using dollar/mark option prices from 1987 to 1992. Second, it is shown that these "implied" parameters can be combined with historical moments of the dollar/mark exchange rate to deduce an estimate of the market price of variance risk. These estimates are found to be nonzero. Time varying, and of sufficient magnitude to imply that the compensation for variance risk is a significant component of the risk premia in the currency market. Finally, the out-of-sample test suggests that the historical variance and the Hull and White (1987) implied variance contain no additional information than those embedded in the Heston implied variance.
Xk-Related Protein 8 and CED-8 Promote Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Apoptotic Cells

Whence the “Eat Me” Signal? Cells are surrounded by a lipid bilayer, the composition of which is asymmetrical and serves as a marker of the physiological status of the cell. The phospholipid, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), is normally found only on the inner leaflet of the membrane, but in dying cells it appears on the cell surface, thus providing the phagocytes tasked with cleaning up such cellular debris with a way to recognize cells undergoing cell death. Such movement of phospholipids within the membrane requires an elusive enzyme known as a scramblase. Suzuki et al. (p. 403; published online 11 July) identified an enzyme, Xkr8, which appears to act as a scramblase that promotes exposure of PtdSer on the surface of dying mammalian cells. Consistent with such a role, Xkr8 was activated after cleavage by caspase 3, a key protease that promotes apoptotic cell death. Genetic studies with the homolog of Xkr8 expressed in Caenorhabditis elegans indicated that the protein played a similar role in tagging dead cells in the nematode worm during development. An enzyme involved in the flipping of phospholipids in dying cells’ surfaces to mark the cells for removal is identified. A classic feature of apoptotic cells is the cell-surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) as an “eat me” signal for engulfment. We show that the Xk-family protein Xkr8 mediates PtdSer exposure in response to apoptotic stimuli. Mouse Xkr8−/− cells or human cancer cells in which Xkr8 expression was repressed by hypermethylation failed to expose PtdSer during apoptosis and were inefficiently engulfed by phagocytes. Xkr8 was activated directly by caspases and required a caspase-3 cleavage site for its function. CED-8, the only Caenorhabditis elegans Xk-family homolog, also promoted apoptotic PtdSer exposure and cell-corpse engulfment. Thus, Xk-family proteins have evolutionarily conserved roles in promoting the phagocytosis of dying cells by altering the phospholipid distribution in the plasma membrane.
Impact of Biofield Energy Treated Herbomineral Formulation (The Trivedi Effect®) on Mouse Dendritic and Splenocyte Cells for Modulation of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines

The use of herbomineral formulation in the healthcare sector for different chronic diseases is gaining popularity due to its fewer side effects, high safety profile, and cost effectiveness. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of four essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract (ashwagandha), and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The study aims to evaluate the in vitro effect of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the test formulation using murine dendritic (DCs) and splenocyte cells. The herbomineral formulation was divided into two parts; one was represented as control, while the other part was treated with the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers (The Trivedi Effect®) and defined as the Biofield Treated formulation. The effect of the test formulation on these cells were monitored by an estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokines level such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1α), and interleukin (IL-1β) in cell culture supernatants at the non-cytotoxic concentrations of the test formulation using MTT assay. The DCs were treated with the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at different concentrations (i.e. 1.05 to 1052.5 µg/mL) for 24 hours, and the results showed significant (p≤0.001) suppression of TNF-α levels at all the tested concentrations with a maximum percentage decrease by 43.64% at 5.2 µg/mL concentration in the Biofield Treated formulation as compared with the untreated test formulation. Further, the Biofield Treated formulation also demonstrated inhibition of MIP-1α and IL-1β at a concentration range of 0.0000105 to 10.5 µg/mL in LPS stimulated splenocyte cells. There was a significant (p≤0.001) inhibition of MIP-1α (26.52%) and IL-1β (35.28%) in the Biofield Treated test formulation at concentration 0.000105 µg/mL and 0.0000105 µg/mL, respectively in comparison to the untreated test formulation. Overall, these results suggest that the Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation (The Trivedi Effect®) significantly down-regulated the tested cytokines expression in DCs and splenocyte cells as compared to the untreated formulation. Therefore, the Biofield Healing based formulation might be useful as a better anti-inflammatory product for many chronic and acute inflammatory disease conditions and autoimmune disorders. The Biofield Energy Treatment based formulation can also be effectively applied in cases of organ transplants, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Restorative yoga for women with ovarian or breast cancer: findings from a pilot study.

Yoga has demonstrated benefit in healthy individuals and those with various health conditions. There are, however, few systematic studies to support the development of yoga interventions for cancer patients. Restorative yoga (RY) is a gentle type of yoga that has been described as "active relaxation. " The specific aims of this pilot study were to determine the feasibility of implementing an RY intervention as a supportive therapy for women diagnosed with ovarian or breast cancer and to measure changes in self-reported fatigue, psychological distress and well-being, and quality of life. Fifty-one women with ovarian (n = 37) or breast cancer (n = 14) with a mean age of 58.9 years enrolled in this study; the majority (61%) were actively undergoing cancer treatment at the time of enrollment. All study participants participated in 10 weekly 75-minute RY classes that combined physical postures, breathing, and deep relaxation. Study participants completed questionnaires at baseline, immediately postintervention, and 2 months postintervention. Significant improvements were seen for depression, negative affect, state anxiety, mental health, and overall quality of life. Fatigue decreased between baseline and postintervention follow-up. Health-related quality of life improved between baseline and the 2-month follow-up. Qualitative feedback from participants was predominantly positive; relaxation and shared group experience were two common themes.
Walking with the words: Student motivation toward reading and studying Shakespeare’s plays through rehearsal room practices

ABSTRACT Educators have long been challenged to support students’ engagement with and comprehension of reading complex texts, including Shakespeare’s plays. Rehearsal room practice (RRP) specifically integrates the rehearsal room processes used by the Royal Shakespeare Company and other ensemble-based theatre companies with active, inquiry-based learning in the classroom. Furthermore, RRP is aligned with a theory of dialogic reading. This quasi-experimental study describes the use and impact of RRPs on high school student attitudes toward reading and perceptions of the value of reading Shakespeare’s plays. Students who experienced RRP while studying Shakespeare’s plays were more motivated, saw Shakespeare’s plays as relevant to their lives, and wanted to read additional challenging texts at the end of the program. Implications for practice are discussed.
A Calderón Preconditioner for the Electric Field Integral Equation With Layered Medium Green's Function

A Calderón preconditioner is developed for the analysis of electromagnetic scattering of perfect electrically conducting (PEC) objects embedded in a layered medium. The electric field integral equation (EFIE) is formulated with the kernel of layered medium Green's function to account for the effects from the multilayered background. The Calderón projector is derived based on the general source-field relationship and the extinction theorem for inhomogeneous environment in electromagnetic theory. The Calderón identities can be naturally deduced based on this projector, which is then leveraged to precondition the EFIE with layered kernel. An alternative implementation is then proposed to make the implementation of the preconditioner as efficient as the one in free space. Different numerical examples are designed to show the performance of the preconditioner, where the objects are located in different positions with respect to the layered medium, or different types of excitation are adopted. It is shown that the proposed effective and robust preconditioner makes the EFIE system converge rapidly in all cases, independent of the discretization density.
Time‐Varying Transition Probabilities for Markov Regime Switching Models

We propose a new Markov switching model with time‐varying transitions probabilities. The novelty of our model is that the transition probabilities evolve over time by means of an observation driven model. The innovation of the time‐varying probability is generated by the score of the predictive likelihood function. We show how the model dynamics can be readily interpreted. We investigate the performance of the model in a Monte Carlo study and show that the model is successful in estimating a range of different dynamic patterns for unobserved regime switching probabilities. We also illustrate the new methodology in an empirical setting by studying the dynamic mean and variance behaviour of US industrial production growth.
Analysis of the EMG Signal During Cyclic Movements Using Multicomponent AM–FM Decomposition

Sport, fitness, as well as rehabilitation activities, often require the accomplishment of repetitive movements. The correctness of the exercises is often related to the capability of maintaining the required cadence and muscular force. Failure to maintain the required force, also known as muscle fatigue, is accompanied by a shift in the spectral content of the surface electromyography (EMG) signal toward lower frequencies. This paper presents a novel approach for simultaneously obtaining exercise repetition frequency and evaluating muscular fatigue, as functions of time, by only using the EMG signal. The mean frequency of the amplitude spectrum (MFA) of the EMG signal, considered as a function of time, is directly related to the dynamics of the movement performed and to the fatigue of the involved muscles. If the movement is cyclic, MFA will display the same pattern and its average will tend to decrease. These two effects have been simultaneously modeled by a two-component AM-FM model based on the Hilbert transform. The method was tested on signals recorded using a wireless system applied to healthy subjects performing dumbbell biceps curls, dumbbell lateral rises, and bodyweight squats. Experimental results show the excellent performance of the proposed technique.
THE ORDER OF THE FIBONACCI AND LUCAS NUMBERS

In this paper vp(r) denotes the exponent of the highest power of a prime p which divides r and is referred to as the/? -adic order of r. We characterize the/? -adic orders vp(F„) and vp(Ln), i.e., the exponents of a prime/? in the prime power decomposition of Fn and Ln, respectively. The characterization of the divisibility properties of combinatorial quantities has always been a popular area of research. In particular, finding the highest powers of primes which divide these numbers (e.g., factorials, binomial coefficients [14], Stirling numbers [2], [1], [10], [9]) has attracted considerable attention. The analysis of the periodicity modulo any integer (e.g., [3], [11], [14], [8]) of these numbers helps exploring their divisibility properties (e.g., [9]). The periodic property of the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers has been extensively studied (e.g., [16], [13], [17], [12]). Here we use some of these properties and methods to find vp(Fn) and vp(Ln). An application of the results to the Stirling numbers of the second kind is discussed at the end of the paper. We note that Halton [5] obtained similar results on the /? -adic order of the Fibonacci numbers, and additional references on earlier developments can be found in Robinson [13] and Vinson [15]. The approach presented here is based on a refined analysis of the periodic structure of the Fibonacci numbers by exploring its properties, in particular, around the points where Fn = 0 (mod /? ). [The smallest n such that Fn = 0 (mod /? ) is called the rank of apparition of prime p and is denoted by n(p). ] This technique is based on that of Wilcox [17] and provides a simple and selfcontained analysis of properties related to divisibility. For instance, we obtain another characterization of the ratio of the period to the rank of apparition [15] in terms of Fn^pyX (mod/? ) for any prime/?
The premotor cortex of the monkey

The relationship of single unit activity to limb movements guided by visuospatial cues supports the view that the premotor cortex is a distinct cortical field within the somatic sensorimotor cortex. The premotor cortex is similar to the precentral motor cortex (MI) in that most of its units are clearly related to voluntary movements but differs from MI by its higher threshold for microstimulation-evoked movements, its cytoarchitecture, and the presence of a larger population of neurons with activity related to the occurrence of visuospatial signals rather than, or in addition to, the movement cued by those signals.
Knowledge Translation : Introduction to Models , Strategies , and Measures

SEDL's NCDDR project is a knowledge translation project focused on expanding awareness, use, and contributions to evidence bases of disability and rehabilitation research. This NCDDR publication is designed to provide knowledge translation overview information targeted to stakeholders in disability and rehabilitation research. SEDL is an equal employment opportunity/affirmative action employer and is committed to affording equal employment opportunities for all individuals in all employment matters. Introduction Knowledge translation (KT) is a complex and multidimensional concept that demands a comprehensive understanding of its mechanisms, methods, and measurements, as well as of its influencing factors at the individual and contextual levels—and the interaction between both those levels. This literature review, although not intended to be an in-depth or systematic review of any one aspect of knowledge translation, is designed to bring together several aspects of it from selected literature for the purpose of raising awareness, connecting thoughts and perspectives, and stimulating ideas and questions about knowledge translation for future research of this area of inquiry in rehabilitation. The body of work included in this review was selected from frequently cited and thought-provoking literature and represents a variety of thoughts and approaches that are applicable to knowledge translation. This paper begins by presenting the definitions of knowledge translation and discussing several models that, together, can be used to delineate components and understand mechanisms necessary for successful knowledge translation. Then the knowledge translation strategies and their effectiveness are explored based on the literature drawn from other health-care fields in addition to rehabilitation. Finally, several methods and approaches to measure the use of research knowledge in various dimensions are presented. Knowledge translation (KT) is a relatively new term coined by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) in 2000. CIHR defined KT as " the exchange, synthesis and ethically-sound application of knowledge— within a complex system of interactions among researchers and users—to accelerate the capture of the benefits of research for Canadians through improved health, more effective services and products, and a strengthened health care system " (CIHR, 2005, para. 2). Since then, a few other definitions of KT have been developed. Adapted from the CIHR definition, the Knowledge Translation Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto (2004), stated its definition of knowledge translation as " the effective and timely incorporation of evidence-based information into the practices of health professionals in such a way as to effect optimal health care outcomes and maximize the potential …
A MULTIVARIATE TWIN STUDY OF TRAIT MINDFULNESS, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, AND ANXIETY SENSITIVITY

Mindfulness‐based therapies have been shown to be effective in treating depression and reducing cognitive biases. Anxiety sensitivity is one cognitive bias that may play a role in the association between mindfulness and depressive symptoms. It refers to an enhanced sensitivity toward symptoms of anxiety, with a belief that these are harmful. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms underpinning the association between mindfulness, depression, and anxiety sensitivity. The aim of this study was to examine the role of genetic and environmental factors in trait mindfulness, and its genetic and environmental overlap with depressive symptoms and anxiety sensitivity.