Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The economic ethics of contemporary Russian Orthodox Christianity: a Weberian perspective

This article presents a discussion of the economic ethics of contemporary Russian Orthodoxy, manifested in the practices of economic actors, and Orthodox economic ideology, drawing on the approach formulated by Max Weber in The Pro-testant Ethic. Orthodox ideology and economic ethics are analyzed using popular Orthodox literature (1990-2004), doctrinal texts on social and economic issues, as well as materials gathered in ethnographic expeditions between 1999-2004 to eight monasteries in various regions of the Russian Federation. Key aspects of the economic ideology include love for one’s neighbor and work as a means for self-sufficiency; the result of work is considered to be the gift of God. Key ca-tegories of economic ethics are obedience and humility. This article concludes in the framework of Weber’s approach, that such ethics of obedience and humility determine the attitude towards economic activities, which the Russian Orthodox Church generates among its followers.
The Impact of Child Labour on Primary School Children’s Access to and Participation in Basic Education in Tanzania

Education for all individuals plays a major role in their development and of society at large; thus, it is both a basic social need to strive for and a factor for rapid and sustainable economic development. An increasing level of education for the population at large plays an important role in helping society break out of poverty, yet, how far do working children benefit from the right to basic education? This paper discusses the impact of child labour on children’s access to basic education in Tanzania. It examines how education delivery impacts the roles and conditions of school-going children. The study’s population consisted of primary school children in two districts in the Iringa Region (one urban and one rural), who were randomly selected, following an examination of their school attendance registers who showed a 50 percent of absenteeism. Interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect information. The main reasons that force children to work to meet their needs basic needs such as food and health care were found to be poverty and orphanhood. Bread-earning activities compel children to regularly miss attendance at school, and they eventually drop out, so their right to educational opportunities and future development is denied.
Vocational training for students with learning disabilities: a qualitative investigation

Abstract The plight of students with disabilities has been in the spotlight for several years now. Recent legislation has made vocational training, including students with disabilities, a mainstay in most secondary schools. While there are studies that prove that training in a vocational setting does have a positive influence on students with learning disabilities, there are still ways in which the results are less impressive. With the increased number of students with learning disabilities not being able to maintain adequate time on the job, concerned parents and educators seek answers to unending questions. Some questions that come to the minds of many are such as (a) when a student with a learning disability cannot find a job or keep a job, what does he/she do with their time, and (b) how does this affect their life (i.e. physically or mentally) ? In as much as the effort to overcome disability is actively sought for by many, the effects of learning disabilities on young peoples’ lives are unlikely to .
Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Is Associated with Increased Arterial Stiffness

Background: Patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis. Arterial stiffness is a measure of endothelial dysfunction and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Objectives: To investigate whether chronic plaque psoriasis is associated with an increased arterial stiffness. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 39 adult patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis and 38 control patients with skin diseases other than psoriasis was conducted. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (PWVcf, PWVcr). Results: PWVcf was significantly higher in patients with psoriasis than in controls (means ± SD; 8.88 ± 1.96 vs. 7.57 ± 1.34 m/s; p = 0.001). Difference was still significant after adjustment for age, gender, smoking status, hypertension and body mass index (8.78 ± 1.98 vs. 7.78 ± 2.0 m/s; p = 0.03). There was a positive correlation between PWVcf and years of psoriasis duration (r = 0.58; p = 0.0001), but not with disease severity. Conclusion: Moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis may be independently associated with increased arterial stiffness. Psoriasis duration could be a risk factor for arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis.
The Mediating Role of Appraisal Feedback Reactions on the Relationship Between Rater Feedback-Related Behaviors and Ratee Performance

Although feedback is advocated as a means for influencing performance, empirical investigations indicate that the effect of feedback on performance is not uniformly positive. In the proposed model, reactions to feedback, not feedback per se, influence performance. In response to the lack of research on causal mechanisms linking feedback to performance and calls for such research, reactions are proposed to mediate the influence of feedback-related characteristics on performance. Feedback-related characteristics central to models of performance feedback that also corresponded with the three characteristics of the due process model served as antecedents to reactions. Using longitudinal data and previous performance as a control variable, results of structural equation modeling evidenced strong support for the proposed model as antecedents substantially related to ratees’ reactions, and ratees’ reactions indeed influenced subsequent performance. Organizations should design appraisal systems in accordance with the due process framework and train managers in conducting feedback discussions. Specific implications of results for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
A comparative analysis of the spatial distributions of the serve return

The execution of the serve return is of particular importance given the increasing serve speeds that characterise modern tennis. The spatial distributions of the serve return at the professional level and between two age groups of high performance players (i.e., Under-16 and Under-12) were analysed to determine whether the location of a serve-return was independent of or related to, the gender of the player. Chi-square analysis revealed significant differences in the distribution of first serve-return across the three serve-return locations to wide serves between the male and female Under-16 players (p< .001) and between the male and female Under-12 players (p< .001). When only points won by the returner were considered, no relationship was found between locations of serve-returns and winning the point of the male and female professional, Under-16 and Under-12 players. It was also revealed that professional players attacked second serves by directing second serve returns to the corners of the court These findings aid coaches to value how the serve-return strategies of players may evolve with age and vary with gender — in line with variables of technical skill development and the game’s temporal demands.
MODIFIED K-BEST DETECTION ALGORITHM FOR MIMO SYSTEMS

This paper presents a VLSI implementation of reduced hardware-complexity and reconfigurable signal detector for MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) systems. In recent wireless communication system, MIMO technique is being adopted to meet the rapidly increasing demands for the multimedia services and to achieve better QoS(Quality of Service). Maximum likelihood (ML) detection is the optimal hard decision detection for MIMO systems. FPGA implementation of ML detector becomes infeasible as its complexity grows exponentially with the number of antennas. Therefore, we propose a modified K-best detector algorithm which employs parallel and distributed sorting strategy that has a constant throughput and near-ML detection solution. The proposed MIMO detector was implemented targeting Xilinx Virtex 6 device for a 2x2, 4 QAM system and it achieves throughput of 12.23Mbps. The resource utilization results are listed and compared with the existing algorithm. The total on-chip power estimated is 1.57W.
A new full CMOS 2.5 V two-stage line driver with variable gain for ADSL applications

In this paper a new low-voltage two-stage class-AB line driver for ADSL applications is presented. The new proposed line-driver consists of only two stages with a new method to control the quiescent current of the output stage. The low-voltage full-CMOS high-linear line driver shows -77 dB THD for a load as low as 20 ohms. The line driver has variable gain, attenuating the input signal from 0 dB to -14 dB with 2 dB steps. The peak to peak differential output swing is 4.2 V from a 2.5 V supply voltage in a 0.25 /spl mu/m standard CMOS technology.
Changing perspectives in cognitive interviewing

Abstract A study is presented which investigated aspects of a specialist method for taking evidence from witnesses known as ‘Cognitive Interviewing’. Specifically, the study sought to evaluate four techniques used in this form of interviewing, namely the Report All, Reinstate Context, Change Order, and the Change Perspectives mnemonics. The findings suggest that while none of these mnemonics significantly increased inaccuracy, all but the Change Perspectives mnemonic facilitated recall of accurate information. The findings are discussed in terms of the applied functional utility of each of the mnemonics and the Cognitive Interview procedure in general.
Parallel Workflow for High-Throughput (>1,000 Samples/Day) Quantitative Analysis of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Using Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is an important biomarker for the management of growth hormone disorders. Recently there has been rising interest in deploying mass spectrometric (MS) methods of detection for measuring IGF1. However, widespread clinical adoption of any MS-based IGF1 assay will require increased throughput and speed to justify the costs of analyses, and robust industrial platforms that are reproducible across laboratories. Presented here is an MS-based quantitative IGF1 assay with performance rating of >1,000 samples/day, and a capability of quantifying IGF1 point mutations and posttranslational modifications. The throughput of the IGF1 mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) benefited from a simplified sample preparation step, IGF1 immunocapture in a tip format, and high-throughput MALDI-TOF MS analysis. The Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification of the resulting assay were 1.5 μg/L and 5 μg/L, respectively, with intra- and inter-assay precision CVs of less than 10%, and good linearity and recovery characteristics. The IGF1 MSIA was benchmarked against commercially available IGF1 ELISA via Bland-Altman method comparison test, resulting in a slight positive bias of 16%. The IGF1 MSIA was employed in an optimized parallel workflow utilizing two pipetting robots and MALDI-TOF-MS instruments synced into one-hour phases of sample preparation, extraction and MSIA pipette tip elution, MS data collection, and data processing. Using this workflow, high-throughput IGF1 quantification of 1,054 human samples was achieved in approximately 9 hours. This rate of assaying is a significant improvement over existing MS-based IGF1 assays, and is on par with that of the enzyme-based immunoassays. Furthermore, a mutation was detected in ∼1% of the samples (SNP: rs17884626, creating an A→T substitution at position 67 of the IGF1), demonstrating the capability of IGF1 MSIA to detect point mutations and posttranslational modifications.
Estimation of occupational cosmic radiation exposure among airline personnel: Agreement between a job‐exposure matrix, aggregate, and individual dose estimates

BACKGROUND Job-exposure matrices (JEM) are used for exposure assessment in occupational studies, but they can involve errors. We assessed agreement between the Nordic Occupational Cancer Studies JEM (NOCCA-JEM) and aggregate and individual dose estimates for cosmic radiation exposure among Finnish airline personnel. METHODS Cumulative cosmic radiation exposure for 5,022 airline crew members was compared between a JEM and aggregate and individual dose estimates. RESULTS The NOCCA-JEM underestimated individual doses. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.37, proportion of agreement 64%, kappa 0.46 compared with individual doses. Higher agreement was achieved with aggregate dose estimates, that is annual medians of individual doses and estimates adjusted for heliocentric potentials. CONCLUSIONS The substantial disagreement between NOCCA-JEM and individual dose estimates of cosmic radiation may lead to exposure misclassification and biased risk estimates in epidemiological studies. Using aggregate data may provide improved estimates. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:386-393, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Studies on the Interaction of Ca2+ Ions with Some Fractions of the Neurospecific S‐100 Protein

Abstract: Fractions of neurospecific S‐100 protein were purified from bovine brain and their physicochemical properties were studied. Conformational changes caused by the binding of calcium to S‐100 protein fractions were detected by means of differential and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fractions demonstrating opposite shifts of their spectra also differ in the distribution in double‐phase system. The number of calcium‐binding centers and their association constants were determined by means of equilibrium dialysis and gel filtration. The nature of the differences in the interaction of various S‐100 protein fractions with calcium is discussed.
Dietary intake estimations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) based on a total diet study in Osaka, Japan

This study presents the results of a total diet study performed for estimating the dietary intake of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Osaka, Japan. The concentrations of 36 PBDEs were measured in samples from 14 food groups (Groups I–XIV). PBDEs were detected only in Groups IV (oils and fats), V (legumes and their products), X (fish, shellfish, and their products), and XI (meat and eggs) at concentrations of 1.8, 0.03, 0.48, and 0.01 ng g−1, respectively. For an average person, the lower bound dietary intakes of penta- and deca-formulations were estimated to be 46 and 21 ng day−1, respectively. A high proportion of the decabrominated congener (DeBDE-209) was observed in Group IV. To confirm the presence of DeBDE-209 in vegetable oils, an additional analysis was performed using 18 vegetable oil samples. Of these, seven contained ng g−1 levels of DeBDE-209.
[Analysis for epidemic trend of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Yunnan Province of China].

OBJECTIVE To understand epidemiologic characteristics and changes in epidemic trend of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in different areas and populations of Yunnan Province. METHODS Seroepidemiological studies were conducted in injection drug users (IDUs), women sex workers, whoring goers, patients with sexually transmitted disease (STD), patients with tuberculosis, pregnant women and blood donors with sentinel surveillance, ad hoc investigations, regular case-finding and data collection during 1989 to 2003 in Yunnan Province. RESULTS Relatively high prevalence of HIV/AIDS was firstly found in IDUs from border areas of the province in 1989. By December of 2003, totally 14 905 cases with HIV infection were reported in 121 counties of 16 prefectures in Yunnan Province. Prevalence of HIV infection ranged from 21.2% to 27.8% in IDUs, over 40% in IDUs from six areas, and 1.23% to 6.67% and 0.3% to 1.8% in underground prostitutes and whoring goers, respectively. Prevalence of HIV infection was 2.1% to 2.7%, 10.8% in specific areas, in male patients with STD, and was 0.14% to 0.25% in pregnant women during 1993 to 2002 and increased to 0.37% in 2003. Prevalence of HIV infection ranged 1.5% to 1.6% in patients with tuberculosis and 0.01% in blood donors during 1999 to 2000 and increased to 0.07% in 2003. CONCLUSIONS Epidemic of HIV infection began in late 1980s in Yunnan, then spread from border areas to inland through IDUs, maintaining a higher prevalence in them to date. Sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS showed an increasing trend in them, with a low prevalence in general population, but appeared a wide spread in local areas.
On the location of the line of gravity in relation to L5 in standing.

Klausen, K. and B. Rasmussen. On the location of the line of gravity in relation to L5 in standing. Acta physiol. scand. 1968. 72. 45–52. The determination of the location of the horizontal axis in the frontal plane for movements in the sagittal plane between L4 and L5 is based on the observation that the erectores spinae muscles and the rectus abdominis muscles in the upright standing position are acting as antagonists and antigravity muscles. X-ray pictures were taken in the sagittal plane with the subjects standing a) with slight activity in the erector spinae muscles and b) with slight activity in the rectus abdominis muscles. The location of the line of gravity for the parts of the body above the level of L5 was then determined with the subjects standing in the same positions. These determinations revealed that the activity in the erector spinae muscles ceases and is replaced by activity in the rectus abdominis muscles, when thv line of gravity passes a point about 3 cm dorsally to the center of the inter-vertebrate disc between L4 and L5. Similarly the location of the line of gravity in the frontal plane was determined in relation to L5. The results are discussed in view of previous findings.
An incremental intrusion detection system using a new semi‐supervised stream classification method

In recent years, the utilization of machine learning and data mining techniques for intrusion detection has received great attention by both security research communities and intrusion detection system (IDS) developers. In intrusion detection, the most important constraints are the imbalanced class distribution, the scarcity of the labeled data, and the massive amounts of network flows. Moreover, because of the dynamic nature of the network flows, applying static learned models degrades the detection performance significantly over time. In this article, we propose a new semi‐supervised stream classification method for intrusion detection, which is capable of incremental updating using limited labeled data. The proposed method, called the incremental semi‐supervised flow network‐based IDS (ISF‐NIDS), relies on an incremental mixed‐data clustering, a new supervised cluster adjustment method, and an instance‐based learning. The ISF‐NIDS operates in real time and learns new intrusions quickly using limited storage and processing power. The experimental results on the KDD99, Moore, and Sperotto benchmark datasets indicate the superiority of the proposed method compared with the existing state‐of‐the‐art incremental IDSs.
Concurrent and Construct Validity of the Outcome Questionnaire

The Outcome Questionnaire (OQ) was developed by Lambert and colleagues (1994) as a standardized measure for assessing psychotherapy outcome. Although the instrument is already being widely used in managed health care quality control, further evidence of its psychometric properties is needed. This research evaluated the concurrent and construct validity of the OQ with three patient samples and a sample of community participants. Support was found for the construct and concurrent validity of the OQ with both patients (n = 183) and nonpatients (n = 210). The data show significant differences in scores between patients and community samples, as well as differences between the various clinical samples with varying levels of pathology. Although high correlations between the OQ Total (and subscale) scores and the criterion measures were found, high intercorrelations among subscales suggest considerable shared variance between subscales. The OQ Total score appears promising as a measure of general psychological distress, although further research is needed to justify the interpretation of subscale scores in clinical settings.
Environmental antiandrogens: low doses of the fungicide vinclozolin alter sexual differentiation of the male rat

In humans and rodents, exposure to antiandrogenic chemicals during sexual differentiation can produce malformations of the reproductive tract. Perinatal administration of 100 or 200 mg vinclozolin (V) kg−1 day−1 during sexual differentiation in rats induces female-like anogenital distance (AGD), retained nipples, cleft phallus with hypospadias, suprainguinal ectopic scrota/testes, a vaginal pouch, epididymal granulomas, and small to absent sex accessory glands in male offspring. Vinclozolin is metabolized to at least two active forms, M1 and M2, that display antiandrogenic activity by binding the androgen receptor (AR). Here, we present information on the reproductive effects of oral treatment with low dosage levels of V during sexual differentiation of the male rat. Vinclozolin was administered to the dam at 0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 mg kg−1 day−1 from gestational day 14 to postnatal day 3 (the period of fetal/neonatal testicular testosterone synthesis and sexual differentiation). At doses of 3.125 mg V kg−1 and above, AGD was significantly reduced in newborn male offspring and the incidence of areolas was increased. These effects were associated with permanent alterations in other androgen-dependent tissues. Ventral prostate weight in one year old male offspring was reduced in all treatment groups (significant at 6.25, 25, 50, and 100 mg kg−1 day−1), and permanent nipples were detected in males at 3.125 (1.4%), 6.25 (3.6%), 12.5 (3.9%), 25 (8.5%), 50 (91%), and 100 (100%) mg V kg−1 day−1. To date, permanent nipples have not been observed in a control male from any study in our laboratory. Vinclozolin treatment at 50 and 100 mg kg−1 day−1 induced reproductive tract malformations and reduced ejaculated sperm numbers and fertility. Even though all of the effects of V likely result from the same initial event (AR binding), the different endpoints displayed a wide variety of dose-response curves and ED50's. The dose-response data for several of the functional endpoints failed to display an obvious threshold. These data demonstrate that V produces subtle alterations in sexual differentiation of the external genitalia, ventral prostate, and nipple tissue in male rat offspring at dosage levels below the previously described no-observed-effect-level (NOEL). These effects occur at a dosage level an order of magnitude below that required to induce malformations and reduce fertility. Hence, multigenerational reproduction studies of antiandrogenic chemicals that were not conducted under the Environmental Protection Agency's new Harmonized Multigenerational Test Guidelines, which include endpoints sensitive to antiandrogens at low dosage levels, could yield a NOEL that is at least an order of magnitude too high.