Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feature selection approach based on moth-flame optimization algorithm

In this work, a feature selection algorithm based on moth-flame optimization (MFO) is proposed. Moth-flame optimization (MFO) is a recently proposed swarm intelligent optimization algorithm that mimics the motion of moths. The proposed algorithm is applied in the domain of machine learning for feature selection to find the optimal feature combination using wrapper-based feature selection mode. In wrapper-based feature selection, a machine learning technique is used in the evaluation step. Despite it is very costly in time, this technique proved to have a good performance in classification accuracy. MFO is exploited in this study as a searching method to find optimal feature set, maximizing classification performance. The proposed algorithm is compared against particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithms (GA). A set of UCI data sets is used for comparison using different assessment indicators. Results prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm in comparison to other algorithms.
Individual Differences in Cerebral Blood Flow in Area 17 Predict the Time to Evaluate Visualized Letters

Sixteen subjects closed their eyes and visualized uppercase letters of the alphabet at two sizes, as small as possible or as large as possible while remaining visible. Subjects evaluated a shape characteristic of each letter (e.g., whether it has any curved lines), and responded as quickly as possible. Cerebral blood flow was normalized to the same value for each subject, and relative blood flow was computed for a set of regions of interest. The mean response time for each subject in the task was regressed onto the blood flow values. Blood flow in area 17 was negatively correlated with response time (r = -0.65), as was blood flow in area 19 (r = -0.66), whereas blood flow in the inferior parietal lobe was positively correlated with response time (r = 0.54). The first two effects persisted even when variance due to the other correlations was removed. These findings suggest that individual differences in the activation of specific brain loci are directly related to performance of tasks that rely on processing in those loci.
Bmc Complementary and Alternative Medicine Screening of Crude Extracts of Six Medicinal Plants Used in South-west Nigerian Unorthodox Medicine for Anti-methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Activity

Background: Six Nigerian medicinal plants Terminalia avicennioides, Phylantus discoideus, Bridella ferruginea, Ageratum conyzoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Acalypha wilkesiana used by traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of several ailments of microbial and non-microbial origins were investigated for in vitro anti-methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity.
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Open Access Early Manifestation of Alteration in Cardiac Function in Dystrophin Deficient Mdx Mouse Using 3d Cmr Tagging

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by the absence of the cytoskeletal protein, dystrophin. In DMD patients, dilated cardiomyopathy leading to heart failure may occur during adolescence. However, early cardiac dysfunction is frequently undetected due to physical inactivity and generalized debilitation. The objective of this study is to determine the time course of cardiac functional alterations in mdx mouse, a mouse model of DMD, by evaluating regional ventricular function with CMR tagging.
Escitalopram for Treatment of Night Eating Syndrome: A 12-Week, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to examine the short-term effects of escitalopram on symptoms of night eating syndrome (NES) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 40 patients with NES were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with escitalopram 20 mg (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) for 12 weeks. Escitalopram was started at 10 mg/d with a dosage increase to 20 mg/d after 4 weeks; placebo dosing was identical. The primary end point was a mean change in total score of the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ). At 12 weeks, mean (SE) change in NEQ total score was −13.0 (1.6) and −10.6 (2.2) in the escitalopram and placebo groups, respectively (F1,37 = 2.5, P = 0.124). There was a marginal interaction effect between response to escitalopram and race (F1,34 = 4.0, P = 0.052), with a favorable effect for white patients (F1,20 = 6.0, P = 0.024) but not for black patients (F1,13 = 0.6, P = 0.453). Seven patients in the escitalopram group, compared with 6 patients in the placebo group, showed a 50% NEQ score reduction (P = 0.736). Sixteen patients in the escitalopram group and 12 patients in the placebo group no longer met NES criteria (P = 0.168). Twelve patients in the escitalopram group were classified as responders according to the Clinical Global Impression Improvement scale compared with 7 patients in the placebo group (P = 0.113). No significant between-group differences were found for weight, mood ratings, or adverse events. We conclude that escitalopram treatment for 12 weeks was not superior to placebo in reducing NES symptoms as measured by the NEQ.
Prosody and Semi-Compositionality in SDRT

We examine the status of French major continuative prosodic contours, which are mainly realised as final rises at the boundary of sentences. We show how to substantiate the common intuition that these contours convey ‘continuation'. We report empirical evidence that indicates that native speakers cannot distinguish major continuatives and questions in isolated discourse segments. We then show how to integrate continuatives into a liberal version of Asher's SDRT. In essence, we propose that any discourse constituent bearing a major continuative (i) has a default question interpretation when taken in isolation and (ii) constrains attachments at the point where it occurs, when considered in the context of a discourse.
Online Submission ID : 276 Nanocubes for Real-Time Exploration of Spatiotemporal Datasets

Consider real-time exploration of large multidimensional spatiotemporal datasets with billions of entries, each defined by a location, a time, and other attributes. Are certain attributes correlated spatially or temporally? Are there trends or outliers in the data? Answering these questions requires aggregation over arbitrary regions of the domain and attributes of the data. Data cubes are a well-known aggregration operation in relational databases. In a sense, they precompute every possible aggregate query over the database. Data cubes are sometimes assumed to take a prohibitively large amount of space, and to consequently require disk storage. In contrast, we show how to construct a data cube that fits in a modern laptop’s main memory, even for billions of entries; we call this data structure a nanocube. We present algorithms to compute and query a nanocube, and show how it can be used to generate well-known visual encodings such as heatmaps, histograms, and parallel coordinate plots. When compared to exact visualizations created by scanning an entire dataset, nanocube plots have bounded screen error across a variety of scales, thanks to a hierarchical structure in space and time. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique on a variety of real-world datasets, and present memory, timing, and network bandwidth measurements. We find that the timings for the queries in our examples are dominated by network and user-interaction latencies.
Resuscitative Thoracotomy: An Update

Background: Resuscitative thoracotomy is a heroic procedure that may offer the only survival hope for trauma patients in extremis. However, this operation has been the subject of much debate and its use, feasibility, outcomes, and cost are being continuously re-evaluated. Methods: This is a review of the most current (after 2000) literature on resuscitative thoracotomy, based on computer database searches for studies on resuscitative thoracotomy, emergency department thoracotomy, and emergency thoracotomy. Studies were selected for inclusion in this review based on their relevance and contribution to our understanding of resuscitative thoracotomy. Results: A total of 37 studies were included, and the following resuscitative thoracotomy–related topics were critically discussed: indications, biochemical profile, long-term outcome, organ donation, pre-hospital use, military use, international aspects, intra-aortic balloon occlusion, suspended animation, and cost and occupational exposure. Conclusions: This review demonstrates that the indications for resuscitative thoracotomy become clearer and that new information is available regarding its use in the pre-hospital urban environment and military settings. Furthermore, it points to new strategies to supplement resuscitative thoracotomy including intra-aortic balloon occlusion and suspended animation. Finally, it sheds light on the long-term outcomes, organ donation, and cost and occupational exposure following resuscitative thoracotomy.
Neural Network Transduction Models in Transliteration Generation

In this paper we examine the effectiveness of neural network sequence-to-sequence transduction in the task of transliteration generation. In this year’s shared evaluation we submitted two systems into all tasks. The primary system was based on the system used for the NEWS 2012 workshop, but was augmented with an additional feature which was the generation probability from a neural network. The secondary system was the neural network model used on its own together with a simple beam search algorithm. Our results show that adding the neural network score as a feature into the phrase-based statistical machine transliteration system was able to increase the performance of the system. In addition, although the neural network alone was not able to match the performance of our primary system (which exploits it), it was able to deliver a respectable performance for most language pairs which is very promising considering the recency of this technique.
Virological Escape in HCV Genotype-1-Infected Patients Receiving Daclatasvir plus Ribavirin and Peginterferon Alfa-2A or Alfa-2B

Background Daclatasvir (DCV; BMS-790052) is a picomolar inhibitor of HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) and has demonstrated efficacy in patients chronically infected with HCV. Methods In the double-blind, randomized studies AI444021 and AI444022, 71 Japanese patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1 (predominantly genotype 1b) received DCV (10 mg or 60 mg) plus peginterferon alfa-2b or alfa-2a and ribavirin. Virological failure occurred in 14% (5/36) of treatment-naive patients and 54% (19/35) of prior alfa/ribavirin non-responders. Resistance testing was performed on baseline samples and samples with HCV RNA≥1,000 IU/ml at week 1 through post-treatment week 24. Results Baseline NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms had less impact on virological response rates than IL28B genotype. All patients with virological failure had NS5A DCV-resistant variants at the time of failure. The predominant NS5A variants were L31V/M/I plus Y93H; this combination was detected in 100% (5/5) of treatment-naive patients and 74% (14/19) of non-responders with failure. Emergent resistance variants in prior non-responders (four viral breakthroughs, one relapse) were more varied with novel combinations such as L31F-DP32 and L28M-R30Q-A92K detected. Significant loss in DCV antiviral activity was generally only seen with ≥ two resistance-associated NS5A substitutions. All DCV-resistant variants were still detected at end of study. Conclusions Virological failure in HCV genotype 1b treatment-naive Japanese patients receiving DCV plus alfa-2a/ribavirin or alfa-2b/ribavirin was associated with enrichment of NS5A resistance variants L31V/M-Y93H. In prior non-responders, emergent variants associated with failure also included NS5A-A92K or NS5A-DP32. As with L31-Y93 variants, these variants persisted.
A Randomized Trial of Social Media From Circulation

Background— Medical journals use social media to distribute the findings of published articles. Whether social media exposure to original articles improves article impact metrics is uncertain. Methods and Results— Articles were randomized to receive targeted social media exposure from Circulation, including postings on the journal’s Facebook and Twitter feeds. The primary end point was 30-day article page views. We conducted an intention-to-treat analysis comparing article page views by the Wilcoxon Rank sum test between articles randomized to social media as compared with those in the control group, which received no social media from Circulation. Prespecified subgroups included article type (population/clinical/basic), US versus non-US corresponding author, and whether the article received an editorial. Overall, 243 articles were randomized: 121 in the social media arm and 122 in the control arm. There was no difference in median 30-day page views (409 [social media] versus 392 [control], P=0.80). No differences were observed by article type (clinical, population, or basic science; P=0.19), whether an article had an editorial (P=0.87), or whether the corresponding author was from the United States (P=0.73). Conclusions— A social media strategy for a cardiovascular journal did not increase the number of times an article was viewed. Further research is necessary to understand and quantify the ways in which social media can increase the impact of published cardiovascular research.
The Acute Impact of Risk Information for Schizophrenia: Ethical Implications of Psychometric Screening

Background: In the psychometric high-risk paradigm, contrary to the principle of informed consent, participants are not usually informed of their risk status. One argument for this nondisclosure is that risk information may engender significant distress. Objective: The aims were to investigate this argument and to examine the reactions of non-help seeking individuals to disclosure of personally relevant information about risk for schizophrenia. It was expected that the impact of news of risk for schizophrenia would be similar to that associated with cancer and greater than that associated with depression and a neutral control condition. It was also expected that stigma consciousness and health locus of control would predict distress arising from the news. Method: Participants (N = 160) underwent screening in a deception paradigm (thioamine acetylase enzyme deficiency) during which the participants were led to believe they had an enzyme deficiency that was benign (neutral control) or associated with elevated risk for schizophrenia, cancer, or depression. Participants provided subjective mood ratings, salivary cortisol preand post-manipulation, and rated beliefs about stigmatisation and health locus of control. Results: Low levels of subjective and objective distress were observed. There was no evidence that the impact of news differed across groups or that health locus of control predicted distress. Greater expectations of being stigmatised predicted greater deterioration in self-reported mood. Conclusions: The study helps to progress the research available on schizotypy screening and contributes to the debate surrounding this area. Given the findings, it is possible that the concern participants could experience distress upon receiving news of risk may not be well-founded. IMPACT OF NEWS OF RISK iii
Leptin responsiveness restored by amylin agonism in diet-induced obesity: Evidence from nonclinical and clinical studies

Body weight is regulated by complex neurohormonal interactions between endocrine signals of long-term adiposity (e.g., leptin, a hypothalamic signal) and short-term satiety (e.g., amylin, a hindbrain signal). We report that concurrent peripheral administration of amylin and leptin elicits synergistic, fat-specific weight loss in leptin-resistant, diet-induced obese rats. Weight loss synergy was specific to amylin treatment, compared with other anorexigenic peptides, and dissociable from amylin's effect on food intake. The addition of leptin after amylin pretreatment elicited further weight loss, compared with either monotherapy condition. In a 24-week randomized, double-blind, clinical proof-of-concept study in overweight/obese subjects, coadministration of recombinant human leptin and the amylin analog pramlintide elicited 12.7% mean weight loss, significantly more than was observed with either treatment alone (P < 0.01). In obese rats, amylin pretreatment partially restored hypothalamic leptin signaling (pSTAT3 immunoreactivity) within the ventromedial, but not the arcuate nucleus and up-regulated basal and leptin-stimulated signaling in the hindbrain area postrema. These findings provide both nonclinical and clinical evidence that amylin agonism restored leptin responsiveness in diet-induced obesity, suggesting that integrated neurohormonal approaches to obesity pharmacotherapy may facilitate greater weight loss by harnessing naturally occurring synergies.
A laboratory study of nonlinear changes in the directionality of extreme seas

This paper concerns the description of surface water waves, specifically nonlinear changes in the directionality. Supporting calculations are provided to establish the best method of directional wave generation, the preferred method of directional analysis and the inputs on which such a method should be based. These calculations show that a random directional method, in which the phasing, amplitude and direction of propagation of individual wave components are chosen randomly, has benefits in achieving the required ergodicity. In terms of analysis procedures, the extended maximum entropy principle, with inputs based upon vector quantities, produces the best description of directionality. With laboratory data describing the water surface elevation and the two horizontal velocity components at a single point, several steep sea states are considered. The results confirm that, as the steepness of a sea state increases, the overall directionality of the sea state reduces. More importantly, it is also shown that the largest waves become less spread or more unidirectional than the sea state as a whole. This provides an important link to earlier descriptions of deterministic wave groups produced by frequency focusing, helps to explain recent field observations and has important practical implications for the design of marine structures and vessels.
Catabolite Repression in the Facultative Chemoautotroph Thiobacillus novellus

Several fermentable carbon sources were found to give rise to catabolite repression of all enzymes implicated in thiosulfate oxidation in the facultative chemoautotroph, Thiobacillus novellus. Glucose was found to elicit a strong repression. Glycerol, lactate, lactose, ribose, and pyruvate caused marked repression. In all cases, the repression could be relieved only by returning the cells to a medium devoid of such fermentable substrates. On the other hand, carbon compounds (amino acids and organic acids) that are metabolizable only aerobically caused transient or no repression of the thiosulfate oxidative system. All of the enzymes believed to participate in thiosulfate oxidation, except tetrathionase, were found to be simultaneously induced and repressed. This would suggest that tetrathionate may not be a necessary intermediate in the thiosulfate-oxidation pathway of T. novellus.
Aligning Formal Meaning Representations with Surface Strings for Wide-Coverage Text Generation

Statistical natural language generation from abstract meaning representations presupposes large corpora consisting of text‐meaning pairs. Even though such corpora exist nowadays, or could be constructed using robust semantic parsing, the simple alignment between text and meaning representation is too coarse for developing robust (statistical) NLG systems. By reformatting semantic representations as graphs, fine-grained alignment can be obtained. Given a precise alignment at the word level, the complete surface form of a meaning representations can be deduced using a simple declarative rule.
Supplemental Material for Suppressing But Not Intensifying Emotion Decreases Arousal and Subjective Sense of Recollection

Emotional memories are commonly recalled with an increased subjective sense of recollection but not necessarily with more accurate context recollection, depending on the type of context. Response-focused emotion regulation techniques, such as suppressing and intensifying emotion expression, can alter subjective arousal and later memory and confidence about memory. Here, we investigated if emotion suppression affects later subjective sense of recollection as well as context recollection for different types of details. To disentangle the contribution of arousal modulation versus potential cognitive costs of emotion suppression effects on later subjective sense of recollection, we further explored if intensifying emotion expression similarly affects later subjective sense of recollection and actual context recollection as emotion suppression. We found that emotion suppression decreases the subjective sense of recollection, while intensifying emotion expression has no effect on the subjective sense of recollection. In contrast, suppressing emotion did not affect the recollection of extrinsic and intrinsic contextual details, [. ] ANTYPA, Argyro-Despoina, VUILLEUMIER, Patrik, RIMMELE, Ulrike. Suppressing but not intensifying emotion decreases arousal and subjective sense of recollection. Emotion, 2018 PMID : https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/30234332 DOI : 10.1037/emo0000493
Long‐Term Effects of Logging on African Primate Communities: a 28‐Year Comparison From Kibale National Park, Uganda

Abstract: If logging is to be compatible with primate conservation, primate populations must be expected to recover from the disturbance and eventually return to their former densities. Surveys conducted over 28 years were used to quantify the long‐term effects of both low‐ and high‐intensity selective logging on the density of the five common primates in Kibale National Park, Uganda. The most dramatic exception to the expectation that primate populations will recover following logging was that group densities of Cercopithecus mitis and C. ascanius in the heavily logged area continued to decline decades after logging. Procolobus tephrosceles populations were recovering in the heavily logged areas, but the rate of increase appeared to be slow (0.005 groups/km2 per year). Colobus guereza appeared to do well in some disturbed habitats and were found at higher group densities in the logged areas than in the unlogged area. There was no evidence of an increase in Lophocebus albigena group density in the heavily logged area since the time of logging, and there was a tendency for its population to be lower in heavily logged areas than in lightly logged areas. In contrast to the findings from the heavily logged area, none of the species were found at a lower group density in the lightly logged area than in the unlogged area, and group densities in this area were not changing at a statistically significant rate. The results of our study suggest that, in this region, low‐intensity selective logging could be one component of conservation plans for primates; high‐intensity logging, however, which is typical of most logging operations throughout Africa, is incompatible with primate conservation.