Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of metacognitive training on the academic achievement and happiness of Esfahan University conditional students

Although the current literature supports the effectiveness of metacognition as a learning strategy, little is known about the effects of metacognition on academic achievement and happiness. This study analyzed the effectiveness of training metacognition on the academic achievement and happiness of Esfahan University conditional students. Conditional students are the students whose averages are lower than 12 (12 out of 20). After three times of becoming conditional they are expelled from university. The sample consisted of 60 once-conditional female students. They were randomly selected and allocated to an experimental group and a control group. The independent variable was the metacognitive training sessions performed in the experimental group. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire scores and the students’ second semester average scores in 2003–2004 were dependent variables. The study predicted that training in metacognition should have positive effects on the academic achievement and that it would increase students’ happiness. The results suggested that metacognitive training had increased the academic achievement average of the experimental group. Similarly, metacognitive training had increased the happiness scores average of the experimental group.
Risk of arrest in persons with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in a Florida Medicaid program: the role of atypical antipsychotics, conventional neuroleptics, and routine outpatient behavioral health services.

OBJECTIVE To examine (1) arrest outcomes for adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder who were treated with first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) or second-generation atypical antipsychotics (SGAs) and (2) the interaction between medication class and outpatient services in a Florida Medicaid program. METHOD In a secondary data analysis, Florida Medicaid data covering the period from July 1, 2002, to March 31, 2008, were used to identify persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder and to examine antipsychotic medication episodes lasting at least 60 days. There were 93,999 medication episodes in the population examined (N = 36,519). Medication episodes were coded as (1) SGA-aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, risperidone long-acting therapy, or ziprasidone; or (2) FGA-any other antipsychotic medication. Outpatient services were defined as the proportion of 30-day periods of each medication episode with at least 1 behavioral health visit. Survival analyses were used to analyze the data, and they were adjusted for the baseline propensity for receiving an SGA. RESULTS Second-generation antipsychotic episodes were not associated with reduced arrests compared to FGA episodes; however, the interaction between outpatient services and SGA episodes was significant (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50-0.93; P = .02) such that an SGA episode with an outpatient visit during at least 80% of every 30-day period of the episode was associated with reduced arrests compared to SGA episodes with fewer outpatient services. There was no significant effect for concurrent FGA episodes and outpatient treatment (HR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.60-1.10; P = .18). Substance use, poor refill compliance, and prior arrest increased risk of subsequent arrest. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between outpatient visits and treatment with SGAs was significantly associated with reduced arrests. These findings indicate the importance of concurrent antipsychotic medications and outpatient services to affect arrest outcomes for adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
The relationship between self-efficacy and performance within a continuous educational gymnastics routine

Self-efficacy has been shown to be related to sport performance in a significant and reciprocal fashion over one season and across repeated trials. The present study investigated the self-efficacy–performance relationship within one continuous (i.e. uninterrupted) sport task. Forty-seven participants had their self-efficacy and performance measured concurrently five times within one educational gymnastic routine. A path analysis revealed that self-efficacy was not a significant predictor of performance, nor was performance a significant predictor of self-efficacy. Previous performance was, however, a significant predictor of subsequent performance, and previous self-efficacy was a significant predictor of subsequent self-efficacy. Although these findings were inconsistent with previous trial-to-trial self-efficacy–performance studies, this may be due to a notion of “overconfidence” developed as a result of the routines created by the participants in an educational gymnastics course. The results further raise an interesting issue of whether the previously established reciprocal self-efficacy–performance relationship remains recursive when tasks vary within one performance.
Lifetime physical and sexual abuse in chronic pain patients: psychosocial correlates and treatment outcomes

Purpose : This study describes a subgroup of diagnostically heterogeneous chronic pain patients, with a lifetime history of physical and/or sexual abuse, who underwent a pain management programme. A battery of psychosocial and pain measures were assessed, as well as 1-year post-treatment socio economic outcomes. Method : The prevalence of a history of abuse was assessed via a semi-structured interview of 162 consecutive patients (112 females and 50 males) presenting for 4-8 weeks of treatment in an interdisciplinary, outpatient rehabilitation programme. Treatment outcome data were gathered immediately, 6 months and 1 year following discharge. The chronic pain patients with a history of abuse were compared to those without a history of abuse on several pre-treatment psychosocial variables--pain severity, psychological distress, DSM-IV Axis I comorbidity and health care utilization. Patient groups were matched on age, race, primary pain diagnosis, time in pain prior to treatment and gender. Results : Results indicated that 61% of patients had a history of lifetime physical and/or sexual abuse. Rates of sexual, and combined sexual and physical, abuse across the lifespan were higher for women than for men. Abused patients had a greater number of psychiatric diagnoses than nonabused patients. Abused patients also reported greater affective distress, less perceived life control, and a greater number of ER visits in the 6 months prior to treatment than their nonabused counterparts. A model consisting of gender (female), a higher number of psychiatric diagnoses, and higher affective distress was found to be a sensitive and relatively accurate predictor of abuse history. Finally, analyses indicated that, despite having greater psychosocial risk factors during the pre-treatment period, chronic pain patients with a history of abuse benefited from treatment and maintained treatment gains to a degree similar to nonabused chronic pain patients. Conclusions : Chronic patients with an abuse history can successfully complete a rehabilitation programme if the programme is designed to treat their psychosocial distress. Moreover, this also carries over to treatment outcome. A history of abuse does not have to negatively impact long-term treatment outcomes in this population of chronic pain patients.
Interleukin 2 activates extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 2

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) stimulated activation of the 42-kD extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (Erk2) in murine IL-3-dependent cells, expressing either high or intermediate affinity IL-2 receptors. Activation was both rapid, occurring within 5 min of IL-2 addition, and prolonged, remaining elevated for 30 min. Activation of Erk2 appeared to be necessary for IL-2 stimulation of proliferation, as deletion of a region of the cytoplasmic domain of the IL-2 receptor beta chain, essential for IL-2 stimulation of proliferation, abolished Erk2 activation by IL-2. Furthermore, cells that had been deprived of cytokine for 24 h were then refractory to IL-2 stimulation of both Erk2 activity and proliferation. However, elevation of Erk2 activity was not sufficient to stimulate proliferation, as protein kinase C activation stimulated Erk2 activity but not DNA synthesis. Also, cells exposed to IL-2 in the presence of rapamycin showed full Erk2 activation but not DNA synthesis. These data suggest that IL-2 must stimulate both Erk2 activity and a further pathway(s) to trigger cell proliferation.
Optical attenuation modeling of continental fog using exponential distribution

A technique of modeling the fog droplet size distributions using exponential distribution has been demonstrated. In order to compute the two parameters of the exponential distribution, two experimental measurements are required, which are the measurement of liquid water content (LWC) and the optical attenuations at visible wavelength. The two measurements are used to form two equations, which are treated as nonlinear equations using a numerical technique to obtain the two parameters of the exponential distribution. From the performance analysis of the newly computed parameters, it is found that the two parameters are quite efficient in modeling the optical attenuations in continental fog conditions.
Síndrome de Burnout em Agentes comunitários de saúde e estratégias de enfrentamento

Esta investigacao propoe-se a verificar a ocorrencia da Sindrome de Burnout em Agentes Comunitarios de Saude, visto que esses profissionais trabalham diretamente no cuidado a outras pessoas - caracteristica prevalente em tal Sindrome -, bem como as estrategias de enfrentamento utilizadas. Optou-se pelo metodo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo. Foram aplicados o questionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) e a Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas (EMEP). A amostra constituiu-se por 80 ACS, escolhidos aleatoriamente entre aqueles admitidos ha pelo menos dois anos no servico publico municipal. Verificou-se que se trata de uma amostra predominantemente do sexo feminino (93,75%), com filhos (68,75%), na faixa etaria de 20 a 30 anos (35%) e com companheiro fixo (60%). A renda per capita de 38,75% e de menos de um salario minimo; 53,04% estao nesse trabalho ha mais de seis anos e relatam ter vida sedentaria. O MBI revela um sentimento de deterioracao da percepcao da propria competencia dos profissionais e, tambem, falta de satisfacao com o proprio trabalho. Eles demonstram estar emocionalmente esgotados e verifica-se o desenvolvimento incipiente de sentimentos e atitudes negativas, alem de cinismo para com as pessoas por eles atendidas. O Modo de Enfrentamento mais utilizado sao as estrategias focalizadas no problema, seguidas pela busca de praticas religiosas/pensamento fantasioso. Verificam-se indicios de sofrimento caracteristicos da Sindrome de Burnout, com o esforco de buscar mecanismos que auxiliem no enfrentamento de problemas relacionados ao trabalho. Sugerem-se estrategias de acolhimento a esses profissionais, de forma a auxilia-los a lidar com o sofrimento no trabalho.
Generalized Epilepsy and Myoclonic Seizures in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Prompted by the observations of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) and recurrent copy number variants in genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE), we searched for further evidence supporting a possible correlation of 22q11DS with GGE and with myoclonic seizures. Through routine diagnostics, we identified 3 novel individuals with the seemingly uncommon combination of 22q11DS and JME. We subsequently screened the literature for reports focussing on the epilepsy phenotype in 22q11DS. We additionally screened a database of 173 22q11DS patients and identified a fourth individual with JME as well as 2 additional cases with GGE. We describe 6 novel and 22 published cases with co-occurrence of 22q11DS and GGE. In many patients, GGE was associated with myoclonic seizures allowing for a diagnosis of JME in at least 6 individuals. Seventeen of the 173 22q11DS cases (10%) had a diagnosis of either focal or generalized epilepsy. In these cases, focal epilepsy could often be attributed to syndrome-associated hypocalcaemia, cerebral bleeds, or structural brain anomalies. However, the cause of GGE remained unclear. In this study, we describe and review 28 individuals with 22q11DS and GGE (especially JME), showing that both disorders frequently co-occur. Compared to the reported prevalence of 15-21%, in our case series only 10% of 22q11DS individuals were found to have epilepsy, often GGE. Since 22q11.2 does not contain convincing GGE candidate genes, we discuss the possibility of an aetiological correlation through a possibly disturbed interaction with the GABAB receptor.
Media Literacy—A National Priority for a Changing World

The convergence of media and technology in a global culture is changing the way we learn about the world and challenging the very foundations of education. No longer is it enough to be able to read the printed word; children, youth, and adults need the ability to critically interpret the powerful images of a multimedia culture. Media literacy education provides a framework and a pedagogy for the new literacy needed for living, working, and citizenship in the 21st century. Moreover, it paves the way to mastering the skills required for lifelong learning in a constantly changing world.
Years of Laparoscopic Surgery in Spain §

Introduction: The introduction of laparoscopic surgery (LS) can be considered the most important advancement in our specialty in the past 25 years. Despite its advantages, implementation and consolidation have not been homogenous, especially for advanced techniques. The aim of this study was to analyse the level of development and use of laparoscopic surgery in Spain at the present time and its evolution in recent years. Material and methods: During the second half of 2012 a survey was developed to evaluate different aspects of the implementation and development of LS in our country. The survey was performed using an electronic questionnaire. Results: The global response rate was 16% and 103 heads of Department answered the survey. A total of 92% worked in the public system. A total of 99% perform basic laparoscopic surgery and 85,2% advanced LS. Most of the responders (79%) consider that the instruments they have available for LS are adequate and 71% consider that LS is in the right stage of development in their environment. § Please cite this article as: Moreno-Sanz C, Tenı́as-Burillo JM, Morales-Conde S, Balague-Ponz C, Dı́az-Luis H, Enriquez-Valens P, et al. 25 años de cirugı́a laparoscópica en España. Cir Esp. 2014;92:232–239. * Corresponding author. E-mail address: cmsurgery@hotmail.com (C. Moreno-Sanz). CIRUGÍA ESPAÑOLA www.elsevier. es/cirugia 2173-5077/$ – see front matter # 2013 AEC. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved. Document downloaded from http://www.elsevier. es, day 08/07/2017. This copy is for personal use. Any transmission of this document by any media or format is strictly prohibited.
Using Social Media to Improve Student-Instructor Communication in an Onlinef Learning Environment

The﻿lack﻿of﻿effective﻿faculty-student﻿interaction﻿has﻿been﻿identified﻿as﻿a﻿main﻿contributor﻿to﻿the﻿high﻿ dropout﻿rate﻿in﻿online﻿education. ﻿For﻿this﻿paper,﻿the﻿authors﻿conducted﻿an﻿empirical﻿study﻿using﻿a﻿social﻿ networking﻿tool,﻿specifically﻿Facebook,﻿to﻿improve﻿student-instructor﻿communication﻿and﻿student﻿ performance﻿in﻿an﻿online﻿learning﻿environment. ﻿They﻿recruited﻿three﻿sections﻿of﻿an﻿introductory﻿IT﻿ course﻿at﻿a﻿public﻿university﻿and﻿divided﻿them﻿into﻿two﻿groups:﻿(1)﻿a﻿treatment﻿group﻿where﻿Facebook﻿ was﻿used﻿as﻿an﻿additional﻿communication﻿tool﻿and﻿(2)﻿a﻿control﻿group﻿where﻿the﻿course﻿setting﻿wasn’t﻿ changed. ﻿The﻿authors﻿surveyed﻿the﻿participants’﻿opinions﻿on﻿the﻿use﻿of﻿Facebook﻿in﻿the﻿treatment﻿ group,﻿and﻿collected﻿participants’﻿academic﻿performance﻿data﻿ for﻿both﻿ the﻿ treatment﻿and﻿control﻿ groups. ﻿Their﻿research﻿findings﻿show﻿that﻿the﻿use﻿of﻿Facebook﻿as﻿a﻿supplemental﻿communication﻿ method﻿can﻿help﻿an﻿instructor﻿better﻿reach﻿out﻿to﻿students,﻿reduce﻿a﻿course’s﻿failure﻿rate,﻿and﻿improve﻿ student﻿course﻿performance. KEywORdS Distance Learning, Facebook, Higher Education, Social Media, Student-Instructor Communication
Neural Mechanisms of Tactual form and Texture Perception

In the last decade or so, there has been rapid movement toward the use of more complex stimuli in the study of perceptual function related to the hand. This review has focused on the neural mechanisms of form and texture perception. Evidence from neurophysiological and psychophysical studies in which static touch, scanning touch, and the Optacon were used indicate that the spatial acuity of the RA system may be as much as three times poorer than the SAI system, evidence that suggests that form perception is dominated by the SAI system. Pattern recognition behavior in a tactual letter recognition task appears to be directly related to the response properties of SAI afferent fibers. Psychophysical studies of roughness perception show that roughness magnitude is related to surface structure in an orderly manner. Because roughness varies along an intensive continuum, mean impulse rate in one or more of the afferent systems is the most obvious coding possibility. No satisfactory relationship between mean impulse rate and roughness has been observed, however. The strongest hypothesis is that tactual roughness perception is based on spatial variation in the SAI population response. The combined evidence from studies reviewed here suggests complementary roles for each of the afferent systems, which are presented as working hypotheses: The SAI system is the primary spatial system and is responsible for tactual form and roughness perception when the fingers contact a surface directly and for the perception of external events through the distribution of forces across the skin surface. The PC system is responsible for the perception of external events that are manifested through transmitted high-frequency vibrations of the kind that are critical in the use of objects as tools. The RA system is responsible for the detection and representation of localized movement between skin and a surface as well as for surface form and texture when surface variation is too small to activate the SAI afferents effectively.
Identification of Tumor Suppressors and Oncogenes from Genomic and Epigenetic Features in Ovarian Cancer

The identification of genetic and epigenetic alterations from primary tumor cells has become a common method to identify genes critical to the development and progression of cancer. We seek to identify those genetic and epigenetic aberrations that have the most impact on gene function within the tumor. First, we perform a bioinformatic analysis of copy number variation (CNV) and DNA methylation covering the genetic landscape of ovarian cancer tumor cells. We separately examined CNV and DNA methylation for 42 primary serous ovarian cancer samples using MOMA-ROMA assays and 379 tumor samples analyzed by The Cancer Genome Atlas. We have identified 346 genes with significant deletions or amplifications among the tumor samples. Utilizing associated gene expression data we predict 156 genes with altered copy number and correlated changes in expression. Among these genes CCNE1, POP4, UQCRB, PHF20L1 and C19orf2 were identified within both data sets. We were specifically interested in copy number variation as our base genomic property in the prediction of tumor suppressors and oncogenes in the altered ovarian tumor. We therefore identify changes in DNA methylation and expression for all amplified and deleted genes. We statistically define tumor suppressor and oncogenic features for these modalities and perform a correlation analysis with expression. We predicted 611 potential oncogenes and tumor suppressors candidates by integrating these data types. Genes with a strong correlation for methylation dependent expression changes exhibited at varying copy number aberrations include CDCA8, ATAD2, CDKN2A, RAB25, AURKA, BOP1 and EIF2C3. We provide copy number variation and DNA methylation analysis for over 11,500 individual genes covering the genetic landscape of ovarian cancer tumors. We show the extent of genomic and epigenetic alterations for known tumor suppressors and oncogenes and also use these defined features to identify potential ovarian cancer gene candidates.
Graduate Students' Perceptions of Outstanding Graduate Advisor Characteristics.

The advising literature confirms the graduate student‐graduate advisor relationship as the most important factor in graduate student success. To better understand the characteristics of graduate advisors that students find most helpful, we conducted a grounded theory study with a constructivist design that involved a qualitative textual analysis of Outstanding Graduate Advisor of the Year Award nominations from MD-PhD students enrolled in the Medical Scholars Program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Five major themes emerged from this analysis, and the results indicate that students perceive the following graduate-advisor characteristics to be most helpful: demonstrated care for students, accessibility, role models in professional and personal matters, individually tailored guidance, and proactive integration of students into the profession.
SIMULA: an ALGOL-based simulation language

This paper is an introduction to SIMULA, a programming language designed to provide a systems analyst with unified concepts which facilitate the concise description of discrete event systems. A system description also serves as a source language simulation program. SIMULA is an extension of ALGOL 60 in which the most important new concept is that of quasi-parallel processing.
Subjective Organizational Performance and Measurement Error: Common Source Bias and Spurious Relationships

In any design science such as public management, the importance of measurement is central to both scholarship and practice. Research built on measures that are not valid or reliable can generate misleading results and produces little value in the world of practice. This article applies measurement theory to administrators’ self-perceptions of organizational performance, measures commonly used in the literature. Such measures can be prone to common source bias whereby spurious results are highly likely. This article uses measurement theory to show why common source bias can be a problem and then introduces an empirical test for bias based on a data set that includes both perceptual measures of performance and archival measures. The empirical test shows that spurious results are not only common but that they might include as many as 50% of all statistical tests. The article further examines the specific types of questions and measures most likely to generate measurement bias and provides guidelines for scholars conducting research on public organization performance