Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling the control of visual attention in complex workspaces

Attentional behavior in complex visual workspaces is driven by the physical and temporal characteristics of the display, the goals and knowledge of the operator, and task demands. Accordingly, to develop effective displays, designers must understand how these factors interact to influence attentional allocation within the display and the detectability of critical alerts. The purpose of the current project was two-fold. First, an integrative model of attention was developed to serve as a theory-motivated design tool, allowing a designer to investigate the interactions between the many factors that influence attentional allocation and noticing behavior. Second, to fill in gaps in the existing theoretic literature and to support model development, the current project provided a pair of empirical studies examining the interactions between bottom-up and top-down sources of attentional guidance on alert detection and attentional behavior to inform the design of information displays. Built on the framework of SEEV (Wickens et al., 2003; Wickens & McCarley, 2008; Wickens et al., 2008), the model integrates elements from several basic attentional processes to create a model of attentional behavior in dynamic environments. The model was validated against PDTs from a high-fidelity flight simulator study, against miss rates and RTs from Nikolic et al.ʼs (2004) alert detection experiment, and data from the current studies. Combined, the results indicated that the model can accurately predict attentional behavior within complex environments and tasks, using heuristic parameter values selected by either the experimenter or an SME.
PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH UNTUK MEMPERKUAT PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER

Character education is an attempt to address the multidimensional crisis that is currently happening. This is done by instilling the values ​​in education. Curriculum Center formulate at least there are 18 values ​​of character education, namely religious, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, the spirit of nationalism, patriotism, recognize excellence, friendship / communicative, love peace, likes to read, care for the environment, social caring, and responsibility. In the history education, these values ​​can be integrated in the learning. History education has a role promote character education because it was strategically to establish character and civilization of the nation's dignity. It also serves to realize nationalism and patriotism. Strengthening the lessons of history as a character education can be applied starting from the goal, the implementation of learning, materials, and media sources up to the assessment. Keywords: character education, learning of history. Pendidikan karakter merupakan satu upaya untuk menangani permasalahan krisis multidimensional yang saat ini terjadi. Hal ini dilakukan dengan penanaman nilai-nilai dalam pendidikan. Pusat Kurikulum merumuskan paling tidak ada 18 nilai pendidikan karakter, yakni religius, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan, cinta tanah air, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat/komunikatif, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab. Di dalam pendidikan sejarah, nilai-nilai tersebut dapat diintegrasikan dalam pembelajaran. Pendidikan sejarah berperan dalam pendidikan karakter karena pelajaran Sejarah memiliki arti strategis dalam pembentukan watak dan peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat serta dalam pembentukan manusia Indonesia yang memiliki rasa kebangsaan dan cinta tanah air. Penguatan pelajaran sejarah sebagai pendidikan karakter dapat diterapkan mulai dari tujuan, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, materi, sumber dan media, sampai dengan penilaian. Kata kunci: pendidikan karakter, pembelajaran sejarah.
Improving EKF-based solutions for SLAM problems in Mobile Robots employing Neuro-Fuzzy Supervision

The determination of the solution for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problems has gained significant research momentum in recent times. Although extended Kalman filters have been extensively employed to solve these problems in mobile robots, the performance of the EKF can degrade significantly, if the correct a priori knowledge of process and sensor/measurement noise covariance matrices (Q and R respectively) is not available. Hence, the present paper proposes the development of a new robust solution method for SLAM problems where we employ a neuro-fuzzy system to supervise the performance of the EKF for SLAM problems and take necessary corrective actions by adapting the sensor statistics online, so that the degradation in system performance can be arrested. The free parameters of the neuro-fuzzy system are learned offline, by employing particle swarm optimization in the training phase. The system hence proposed is successfully evaluated by employing it to localize a mobile robot and simultaneously acquire the map of the environment, under benchmark environment situations with varying landmarks and with wrong knowledge of sensor statistics
Assessment of Aging and Actinic Damages by Cyanoacrylate Skin Surface Strippings

Cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping is a simple noninvasive approach that is useful in the evaluation of a number of changes affecting the skin during aging and chronic sun exposure. The procedure has proved to be especially valuable in the diagnosis of some inflammatory, xerotic, neoplastic, and dermal atrophic changes. It can also be used to monitor therapy. The technique of computerized image analysis is also conveniently applied to such material.
Megadalton Complexes in the Chloroplast Stroma of Arabidopsis thaliana Characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Hierarchical Clustering*

To characterize MDa-sized macromolecular chloroplast stroma protein assemblies and to extend coverage of the chloroplast stroma proteome, we fractionated soluble chloroplast stroma in the non-denatured state by size exclusion chromatography with a size separation range up to ∼5 MDa. To maximize protein complex stability and resolution of megadalton complexes, ionic strength and composition were optimized. Subsequent high accuracy tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LTQ-Orbitrap) identified 1081 proteins across the complete native mass range. Protein complexes and assembly states above 0.8 MDa were resolved using hierarchical clustering, and protein heat maps were generated from normalized protein spectral counts for each of the size exclusion chromatography fractions; this complemented previous analysis of stromal complexes up to 0.8 MDa (Peltier, J. B., Cai, Y., Sun, Q., Zabrouskov, V., Giacomelli, L., Rudella, A., Ytterberg, A. J., Rutschow, H., and van Wijk, K. J. (2006) The oligomeric stromal proteome of Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 5, 114–133). This combined experimental and bioinformatics analyses resolved chloroplast ribosomes in different assembly and functional states (e.g. 30, 50, and 70 S), which enabled the identification of plastid homologues of prokaryotic ribosome assembly factors as well as proteins involved in co-translational modifications, targeting, and folding. The roles of these ribosome-associating proteins will be discussed. Known RNA splice factors (e.g. CAF1/WTF1/RNC1) as well as uncharacterized proteins with RNA-binding domains (pentatricopeptide repeat, RNA recognition motif, and chloroplast ribosome maturation), RNases, and DEAD box helicases were found in various sized complexes. Chloroplast DNA (>3 MDa) was found in association with the complete heteromeric plastid-encoded DNA polymerase complex, and a dozen other DNA-binding proteins, e.g. DNA gyrase, topoisomerase, and various DNA repair enzymes. The heteromeric ≥5-MDa pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the 0.8–1-MDa acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex associated with uncharacterized biotin carboxyl carrier domain proteins constitute the entry point to fatty acid metabolism in leaves; we suggest that their large size relates to the need for metabolic channeling. Protein annotations and identification data are available through the Plant Proteomics Database, and mass spectrometry data are available through Proteomics Identifications database.
Model predictive control as a service — Concept and architecture for use in cloud-based robot control

This paper presents the concept and architecture of a model predictive feedback control system to be used for compensating communication delays in networked industrial robot control. This approach follows the ideas given by the paradigms of Industrie 4.0 that demand for highly networked production devices and functions on different machine layers and IT hierarchy levels. We push the concept of fully outsourced control systems to a point, where even real-time critical feedback processes are driven from cloud-based services over uncertain public networks.
Device-associated infection rates, mortality, length of stay and bacterial resistance in intensive care units in Ecuador: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium’s findings

AIM To report the results of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) study conducted in Quito, Ecuador. METHODS A device-associated healthcare-acquired infection (DA-HAI) prospective surveillance study conducted from October 2013 to January 2015 in 2 adult intensive care units (ICUs) from 2 hospitals using the United States Centers for Disease Control/National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN) definitions and INICC methods. RESULTS We followed 776 ICU patients for 4818 bed-days. The central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate was 6.5 per 1000 central line (CL)-days, the ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rate was 44.3 per 1000 mechanical ventilator (MV)-days, and the catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) rate was 5.7 per 1000 urinary catheter (UC)-days. CLABSI and CAUTI rates in our ICUs were similar to INICC rates [4.9 (CLABSI) and 5.3 (CAUTI)] and higher than NHSN rates [0.8 (CLABSI) and 1.3 (CAUTI)] - although device use ratios for CL and UC were higher than INICC and CDC/NSHN’s ratios. By contrast, despite the VAP rate was higher than INICC (16.5) and NHSN’s rates (1.1), MV DUR was lower in our ICUs. Resistance of A. baumannii to imipenem and meropenem was 75.0%, and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin and piperacillin-tazobactam was higher than 72.7%, all them higher than CDC/NHSN rates. Excess length of stay was 7.4 d for patients with CLABSI, 4.8 for patients with VAP and 9.2 for patients CAUTI. Excess crude mortality in ICUs was 30.9% for CLABSI, 14.5% for VAP and 17.6% for CAUTI. CONCLUSION DA-HAI rates in our ICUs from Ecuador are higher than United States CDC/NSHN rates and similar to INICC international rates.
The immunizing properties of a Staphylococcus aureus variant possessing surface antigen.

The controversy as to whether the antitoxin or antibacterial antibodies are responsible for immunity to infection by Staphylococcus aureus, has raged for many years (Cameron, 1963). In reviewing the relevant literature Koenig et al. (1962 b) concludes that " These studies show that although deaths produced by ordinarily lethal doses of alpha haemolysin can be prevented by immunization with crude alpha haemolysin toxoid, only heat killed staphylococcal vaccine protects mice against death following infection with viable replicating staphylococci".
Exploring the Relationship between Resilience and Learning Styles as Predictors of Academic Persistence in Engineering

Exploring the Relationship between Resilience and Learning Styles as Predictors of Academic Persistence in Engineering. (December 2010) Shannon Deonne Walton, B.S., Texas AM M.S., Texas AM the relationship among dimensions of resilience theory and learning styles in engineering students to identify elements of both that contribute towards academic persistence and to determine which components of both contribute towards strengthening students’ academic persistence in engineering. The study was conducted using two quantitative self-reporting instruments to measure resilience and learning style preference, the Personal Resilience Questionnaire (PQR) and the Index of Learning Styles (ILS). Retention was measured as the continuous enrollment of a student into the second semester of the first-year engineering
Economic Change and Change in Well-being in the Czech Republic, with Comparisons to Married Women in the United States*

This paper examines the effects of economic change on change in indi- vidual well-being for a panel of Czech respondents during a time of rapid social and economic transformation (1990-91), and compares married Czech women with a sample of married women in the United States. In examining five specific hypothe- ses from the stress-distress tradition in the United States, data from a panel of 192 Czech men and women showed that respondents who were forced to make economic adjustments reducing their standard of living also reported increased health problems and depressive symptoms. Contrary to findings sometimes observed in the United States, the relationship between economic adjustments and change in depressive symptoms was strongest among those who reported having the strongest sense of personal control (mastery) and the highest perceived social support. Compared with , the sample of married U. S. women from Iowa, married Czech women reported more depressive symptoms, had more health problems, and were lower in feelings of mastery. In addition, these Czech women recorded significantly stronger paths link- ing education to changes in both health conditions and depressive symptoms, whereas Iowa women had signficantly stronger paths linking actual economic con- ditions to subsequent economic adjustments. The data suggest that the stress-distress model developed in the U. S. applies in the Czech Republic as well, but further un- derstanding of the differentiated role of social support and mastery for Czech and U.S. women is necessary to more completely interpret the observed interactions.
Mitochondrial Sensitivity and Altered Calcium Handling Underlie Enhanced NMDA-Induced Apoptosis in YAC128 Model of Huntington's Disease

Expansion of a CAG repeat in the Huntington's disease (HD) gene results in progressive neuronal loss, particularly of striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs). Studies in human HD autopsy brain tissue, as well as cellular and animal models of HD, suggest that increased activity of NMDA-type glutamate receptors and altered mitochondrial function contribute to selective neuronal degeneration. In this regard, the YAC128 mouse model, expressing full-length human huntingtin with 128 glutamine repeats, has been the focus of much interest. Although NMDA-induced apoptosis is enhanced in YAC128 MSNs, here we report that the initial steps in the death signaling pathway, including NMDA receptor (NMDAR) current and cytosolic Ca2+ loading, are similar to those observed in wild-type MSNs. In contrast, we found that the NMDAR-mediated Ca2+ load triggered a strikingly enhanced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in YAC128 MSNs, suggesting that NMDAR signaling via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is altered. This effect was accompanied by impaired cytosolic Ca2+ clearance after removal of NMDA, a difference that was not apparent after high potassium-evoked depolarization-mediated Ca2+ entry. Inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) reduced peak cytosolic Ca2+ and mitochondrial depolarization evoked by NMDA in YAC128 MSNs but not wild-type MSNs. Hence, in contrast to YAC models with moderate CAG expansions, the enhanced NMDA-induced apoptosis in YAC128 MSNs is predominantly determined by augmented mitochondrial sensitivity to Ca2+-induced activation of the mPT. These results suggest that the CAG repeat length influences the mechanism by which mHtt enhances NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity.
Modeling and reasoning about uncertainty in context-aware systems

Uncertainty always exists as an unavoidable factor when developing context-aware applications for pervasive computing environments. In this paper, we propose a unified context model to support representation and reasoning about uncertain context. Our unified context model extends the existing, de-facto ontology-based context models with probabilistic models to support probabilistic reasoning. Especially, our context model can be easily integrated with existing ontology-based context-aware systems. Given the unified context model, unified context ontology can be built and used as frameworks in developing context aware applications. Besides, our recipe of supporting the probabilistic reasoning is flexible and adaptive to the highly variable features of pervasive computing environments
The cornea is not a piece of plastic.

To the Editor: In her recent editorial (Roberts C. The cornea is not a piece of plastic. J Refract Surg 2000;16:407413), Dr. Roberts points out that biomechanical flattening enhances a myopic excimer laser ablation and works against a hyperopic ablation. Would the circular severing of corneal lamellae in hyperopic ablation not lead to a contraction of the central part of these lamellae with a heaping up of tissue? This effect could compensate for the flattening by the peripheral pull or even exceed it. One might also argue that central islands in myopic ablation seem to contradict an additional central flattening effect. Klaus D. Teichmann, MD Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Competence- and Integrity-Based Trust in Interorganizational Relationships: Which Matters More?

Trust is an important factor for managing transaction costs within interorganizational relationships (IORs). Research on trust indicates that separate dimensions of trust arise from a partner’s competence (i.e., technical skills, experience, and reliability) and integrity (i.e., motives, honesty, and character), and that these dimensions have potentially unique effects. Because scholars rarely apply this distinction within IOR research, past studies may have masked important relationships involving competence- and integrity-based trust. In response, we build and test theory that explains how competence- and integrity-based trust have asymmetric effects on different kinds of transaction costs. In particular, we build on theory that describes how parties process positive and negative information about others’ behavior to predict that integrity-based trust in IORs is more potent for reducing transaction costs than is competence-based trust. We also theorize that building strong IORs requires more up-front investment with competence-based but not with integrity-based trust. By applying meta-analytic structural equation modeling to data on 37,366 IORs drawn from 150 samples, we find that integrity-based trust is about 10 times more effective at reducing these costs. A key implication is that managers seeking to improve the efficiency of their IORs may do well by performing competently, but they can do even better by building perceptions of integrity.
In Vitro Interaction of 5-Hydroxytrptamine with Cytosolic Molybdenum Hydroxylases as a Potential Inhibitor for Initial Rates Activities

Problem statement: The role of 5-HT has been investigated in many behavioral activities. Thus, studies using raphe lesion showed that 5-HT is involved in sleep, general activity levels, habituation, aggression, pain sensitivity and morphine analgesia, avoidance behavior, self-stimulation and water consumption. Approach: The metabolic interaction between serotonin (5- hydroxytrptamine) and indole-3-aldehyde and xanthine via aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1) and xanthine oxidase (EC 1.1.3.22), respectively, were studied in liver tissue homogenate of Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs by following the decrease in substrate concentration using spectrophotometer. Homogenates of liver were incubated with indole-3-aldehyde in the presence and absence of serotonin or (chlorpromazine and allopurinol a potent and selective inhibitors for aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, respectively). Oxidation of indole-3-aldehyde to indole-3-acetic acid was reduced up to 63.2% in the presence of serotonin (100 µM), while oxidation of xanthine to uric acid was reduced up to 51.6% under the same conditions. Results: In comparison, incubation of the substrates with their specific inhibitors (100 µM of chlorpromazine and 100 µM allopurinol) give almost complete inhibition. These results demonstrate that in the guinea pig liver a metabolic interaction between serotonin and indole-3-aldehyde or xanthine via molybdenum hydroxylases system may take place in liver, which is the main tissue for xenobiotics detoxification. Conclusion: The overall conclusion from this research is that serotonin could be a protector for neurons and other tissue from the insult of oxidation of aldehydes and xanthines by molybdenum hydroxylases.
Behavioral Game Theory on Online Social Networks : Colonel Blotto is on Facebook

We show how online social networks such as Facebook can be used in Behavioral Game Theory research. We report the deployment of a Facebook application ‘Project Waterloo’ that allows users to play the Colonel Blotto game against their friends and strangers. Un- like conventional studies performed in the laboratory environment, which rely on monetary incentives to attract human subjects to play games, our framework does not use money and instead relies on reputation and entertainment incentives. We describe the Facebook application we created for conducting this experiment, and perform a preliminary analysis of the data collected in the game. We conclude by discussing the advantages of our approach and list some ideas for future work.
Objective support for subjective reports of successful inner speech in two people with aphasia

ABSTRACT People with aphasia frequently report being able to say a word correctly in their heads, even if they are unable to say that word aloud. It is difficult to know what is meant by these reports of “successful inner speech”. We probe the experience of successful inner speech in two people with aphasia. We show that these reports are associated with correct overt speech and phonologically related nonword errors, that they relate to word characteristics associated with ease of lexical access but not ease of production, and that they predict whether or not individual words are relearned during anomia treatment. These findings suggest that reports of successful inner speech are meaningful and may be useful to study self-monitoring in aphasia, to better understand anomia, and to predict treatment outcomes. Ultimately, the study of inner speech in people with aphasia could provide critical insights that inform our understanding of normal language.
Online Reviews: Do Consumers Use Them?

The use of the WWW as a venue for voicing opinions, complaints and recommendations on products and firms has been widely reported in the popular media. However little is known how consumers use these reviews and if they subsequently have any influence on evaluations and purchase intentions of products and retailers. This study examines the effect of negative reviews on retailer evaluation and patronage intention given that the consumer has already made a product/brand decision. Our results indicate that the extent of WOM search depends on the consumer's reasons for choosing an online retailer. Further the influence of negative WOM information on perceived reliability and purchase intentions is determined largely by familiarity with the retailer and differs based on whether the retailer is a pure-Internet or clicks-and-mortar firm. Managerial implications for positioning strategies to minimize the effect of negative word-of-mouth have been discussed.