Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictability of epileptic seizures by fusion of scalp EEG and fMRI

The systems for prediction of epileptic seizure investigated in recent years mainly rely on the traditional nonlinear analysis of the brain signals from intracranial electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings. The overall objective of this work focuses on investigation of the predictability of seizure from the scalp signals by applying effective blind source separation (BSS) techniques to scalp EEGs, in which the epileptic seizures are considered as independent components of the scalp EEGs. The ultimate goal of the work is to pave the way for epileptic seizure prediction from the scalp EEG. The main contributions of this research are summarized as follows. Firstly, a novel constrained topographic independent component analysis (CTICA) algorithm is developed for the improved separation of the epileptic seizure signals. The related CTICA model is more suitable for brain signal separation due to the relaxation of the independence assumption, as the source signals geometrically close to each other are assumed to have some dependencies. By incorporating the spatial and frequency information of seizure signals as the constraint, CTICA achieves a better performance in separating the seizure signals in comparison with other conventional ICA methods. Secondly, the predictability of seizure is investigated. The traditional method for quantification of the nonlinear dynamics of time series is employed to quantify the level of chaos of the estimated sources. The simultaneously recorded intracranial and scalp EEGs are used for the comparison of the results. The experiment results demonstrate that the separated seizure sources have a similar transition trend as those achieved from the intracranial EEGs. Thirdly, simultaneously recorded EEG and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is studied in order to validate the activated area of the brain related to the seizure sources. An effective method to remove the fMRI scanner artifacts from the scalp EEG is established by applying the blind source extraction (BSE) algorithm. The results show that the effect of fMRI scanner artifacts has been reduced in scalp EEG recordings. Finally, a data driven model, spatial ICA (SICA) subject to EEG as the temporal constraint is proposed in order to detect the Blood Oxygen-Level Dependence (BOLD) from the seizure fMRI. In contrast to the popular model driven method General Linear Model (GLM), SICA does not rely on any predefined hemodynamic response function. It is based on the fact that brain areas executing different tasks are spatially independent. Therefore SICA works perfectly for non-event-related fMRI analysis such as seizure fMRI. By incorporating the temporal information existing within the EEG as the constraint, the superiority of the proposed constrained SICA is validated in terms of better algorithm convergence and a higher correlation between the time courses of the component and the seizure EEG signals as compared to SICA.
The 2 micron plasmid purloins the yeast cohesin complex

The yeast 2 micron plasmid achieves high fidelity segregation by coupling its partitioning pathway to that of the chromosomes. Mutations affecting distinct steps of chromosome segregation cause the plasmid to missegregate in tandem with the chromosomes. In the absence of the plasmid stability system, consisting of the Rep1 and Rep2 proteins and the STB DNA, plasmid and chromosome segregations are uncoupled. The Rep proteins, acting in concert, recruit the yeast cohesin complex to the STB locus. The periodicity of cohesin association and dissociation is nearly identical for the plasmid and the chromosomes. The timely disassembly of cohesin is a prerequisite for plasmid segregation. Cohesin-mediated pairing and unpairing likely provides a counting mechanism for evenly partitioning plasmids either in association with or independently of the chromosomes.
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) and most in plaque index (Pl) and/or bleeding on probing (BOP). Meta-analyses were performed with the data retrieved from the studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Subgingival application of tetracycline fibers, sustained released doxycycline and minocycline demonstrated a significant benefit in PPD reduction. The local application of chlorhexidine and metronidazole showed a minimal effect when compared with placebo. This systematic review showed that the scientific evidence supports the adjunctive use of local antimicrobials mostly when using vehicles with proven sustained release.
Consumers behaving badly: deviation or innovation? Power struggles on the web

This paper sets out to conceptually explore emerging communication patterns online and apparently deviant behaviours they can sustain within the scope of consumer-producer relationships as power struggles. In addition it seeks to advance a conceptualisation of the balancing of power between consumers and producers on the web through contesting discourses labelling deviance. Theories in computer-mediated-communications (CMC) and cyber-cultural studies are first covered to describe why consumers might engage in apparently deviant behaviour. Following this, definitions of power are provided and the work of Foucault is borrowed in order to evaluate how strategies of power can be based on deviant behaviour online. This paper concludes that given the yet to be normalised nature of the Internet, the current balance of power between producers and consumers could be determined by the establishment of a discourse outlining what is the norm and what is deviant. Implications for producers and consumers are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating Stimulated Recall as a Cognitive Measure: Reactivity and Verbal Reports in SLA Research Methodology

With an increasing body of research on the roles of cognitive factors in SLA, the status of verbal reports as a cognitive measure is beginning to be established. However, little SLA research has assessed their validity in terms of reactivity (the effect of verbalisation on learners' performance). The current study investigates whether stimulated recall is reactive when it precedes post-tests and if so, what causes reactivity: recall stimuli, verbalisation or both. Forty-four learners of Japanese were randomly assigned to a stimulated recall, stimulus, experimental control or test control group. All groups participated in pre/post-testing. The first three groups also participated in communicative activities. Following the activities, the stimulated recall group participated in stimulated recall where they recalled their thoughts while viewing videotaped activities. The stimulus group also viewed a video of their activities, but did not recall their thoughts afterward. The experimental control group neither viewed a video nor recalled their thoughts. The results indicated non-significant differences between these three groups, suggesting the non-reactivity of stimulated recall, stimuli and verbalisation. However, it is suggested that the reactivity of stimulated recall cannot be discussed independently of various factors, such as the nature of stimuli, type of verbalisation and learner–interviewer interaction.
The Conservation of Industrial Remains as a Source of Individuation and Socialization

The disappearance of public spaces from the urban realm is a sign of the de-individuation and asocialization of the modern individual. However, cities still provide important tools for reclaiming our lost public life. The aim of this essay is to approach industrial heritage, usually considered a conservation issue, from a different perspective, as a tool for individuation and socialization. In order to do this, we start by describing the effects of capitalism and globalization on public open spaces, and then link this to governments' privatization policies for industrial heritage. We show how industrial landscapes could function as public spaces. Finally, we explain how, in the absence of other public open spaces, industrial landscapes could be used for public purposes to meet the social needs of humans, and could thus be instrumental in the proliferation of our rituals. Copyright (c) 2007 The Authors. Journal Compilation (c) 2007 Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
The relationship of couples in competitive dancing

This study explored the relationship between male and female dance partners. Participants were 171 Hungarian competitive dancers. The study focused on how the competitors view their own partnership (how they define this relationship), how important they consider it for success, how they handle conflict, and how often they change partners. Another interesting question was the effect on achievement in competitive dancing when the partners are romantically involved and when such a couple breaks up. A comparison of partner relationships of dancers in various categories (from beginners to the best) provides interesting data for understanding the harmonious cooperation that is required for effective, long-term mutual performance. Findings suggest the importance of appropriate preparation for effective and productive conflict management and skillful cooperation with the dance partner.
Construct validity and physical performance of older adults in different hierarchical physical-disability levels

The purpose of this study was to test the construct validity of the hierarchical levels of self-reported physical disability using health-related variables and physical-performance tests as criteria. The study participants were a community-based sample of 368 adults age 60 years or older. These older adults were grouped into 4 levels according to their physical-disability status (able, mildly disabled, moderately disabled, and severely disabled groups) based on their self-reported measures on the mobility, instrumented activity of daily living (IADL), and activities of daily living (ADL) domains. Health-related variables (body-mass index, number of comorbidities, depression status, mental status, and self-perceived health status) and eight performance-based tests demonstrated significant group differences. Self-reported measures of physical disability can be used to categorize older adults into different stages of physical functional decline.
Assessment of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development in Two Cultures

Abstract This study examines possible relationships between moral judgements of 40 subjects from two cultures. The cognitive developmental theory of moral development proposed by Kohlberg was used both as a theoretical framework and as a basis for measuring moral reasoning. The population sample consisted of 40 students, male and female, between the ages of 14 and 15, 20 from Algeria and 20 from the United Kingdom. Each subject in the study was individually interviewed on two of Kohlberg's moral dilemmas. The interviews were tape‐recorded, transcribed and then coded for moral maturity scores (MMS) and moral stages of the subjects. The results showed significant differences in the mean scores of moral maturity between the two groups. Important differences were also found between the two groups in the level of the content of the subjects’ responses. The data support the prediction that the cultural and religious values had an impact on Kohlberg's moral stages.
Low Folate Levels Are Associated with Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Population with Low Folate Status

Background: A diet rich in folate is associated with a reduced colorectal cancer risk, whereas the role of circulating levels is less clear. The aim of this study was to relate prediagnostic plasma folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine concentrations to the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: This was a prospective case–control study of 331 cases and 662 matched controls nested within the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. Median follow-up time from recruitment to diagnosis was 10.8 years. Results: Plasma folate concentrations were positively related to colorectal cancer risk; multivariate odds ratios were 1.62 [95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.08–2.42] and 1.42 (95% CI, 0.94–2.21) for the middle and highest versus lowest tertile, respectively. In subjects with follow-up <10.8 years, a statistically significant doubled risk was observed for the middle and highest versus lowest tertile, whereas findings for longer follow-up times were null. A positive risk relationship was also observed for tumor stage III–IV but not I–II. Plasma vitamin B12 concentrations were inversely associated with rectal cancer risk. Homocysteine was not significantly related to colorectal cancer risk. Conclusions: In this population-based, nested case–control study, low plasma folate concentrations were associated with a reduced colorectal cancer risk. This protective role was mainly observed in subjects with higher tumor stage or shorter follow-up time between recruitment and diagnosis. Low circulating folate status may protect against colorectal cancer or suppress progression of preneoplastic or neoplastic lesions. Impact: These findings may have relevance for the ongoing debate about mandatory folic acid fortification of flour. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(10); 2136–44. ©2014 AACR.
Knowledge Transfer Within Multinationals and Their Foreign Subsidiaries

The authors' research introduces a culture-sensitive approach to the analysis of knowledge transfer in multinational organizations. This article investigates the knowledge itself, how knowledge is represented, and its flow within social structures. The analysis considers forms of knowledge transfer as cultural products, and their interaction with the populations involved. Sociocultural structures as well as specific cultural characteristics of the populations are analyzed in reference to knowledge transfer as well as the interaction between the relevant contexts. Data were collected in two multinational Israeli software development companies and their affiliates in India. The analyses included various qualitative analyses of 96 interviews, informal discussions, documents, including instant messaging chats and observations. The authors show, for example, how the influences of contemporary professional work norms as well as customary behavior from the national context combine to influence who talks to whom, what kind of information is transferred, and the extent to which people of disparate status and background are willing to share.
Making domestic violence arrests: a test of expectancy theory

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to use expectancy motivation theory to test the influence of organizational work environment on aggregate patrol officer arrest activity with regard to domestic violence incidents.Design/methodology/approach – According to expectancy motivational theory, the aggregate frequency of an individual officer's arrests at domestic violence incidents should be explained by the expectation to make domestic violence arrests, the capability to do so, the opportunity to do so, and the likelihood that these arrests will be rewarded. The present study used survey data from a sample of 401 municipal police officers representing 23 suburban police agencies in one metropolitan area in the midwestern USA. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate correlations between the officers' perceived work environment characteristics and their aggregate domestic violence arrest activity.Findings – As predicted, officers who, in the aggregate, resolved the largest proportion of domestic viole.
Affective Processes in Human–Automation Interactions

Objective: This study contributes to the literature on automation reliance by illuminating the influences of user moods and emotions on reliance on automated systems. Background: Past work has focused predominantly on cognitive and attitudinal variables, such as perceived machine reliability and trust. However, recent work on human decision making suggests that affective variables (i.e., moods and emotions) are also important. Drawing from the affect infusion model, significant effects of affect are hypothesized. Furthermore, a new affectively laden attitude termed liking is introduced. Method: Participants watched video clips selected to induce positive or negative moods, then interacted with a fictitious automated system on an X-ray screening task. At five time points, important variables were assessed including trust, liking, perceived machine accuracy, user self-perceived accuracy, and reliance. These variables, along with propensity to trust machines and state affect, were integrated in a structural equation model. Results: Happiness significantly increased trust and liking for the system throughout the task. Liking was the only variable that significantly predicted reliance early in the task. Trust predicted reliance later in the task, whereas perceived machine accuracy and user self-perceived accuracy had no significant direct effects on reliance at any time. Conclusion: Affective influences on automation reliance are demonstrated, suggesting that this decision-making process may be less rational and more emotional than previously acknowledged. Application: Liking for a new system may be key to appropriate reliance, particularly early in the task. Positive affect can be easily induced and may be a lever for increasing liking.
Research on the School Administrator: The State of the Art, 1967-19801

This review maps the domain of research on school administrators for the period, 1967-1980, using 322 research reports drawn from two major sources: Dissertation Abstracts and published journals relevant to educational administration. The map highlights the methodological and conceptualfeatures of these studies and serves as the vehicle for identifying overemphasized approaches and major gaps in research on school administrators.
Religion and Income in New Zealand: An Examination of Data from the 1981 Census

There are substantial differences in the incomes received by mem bers of the major New Zealand religions. Protestants as a whole out-earn Catholics although Catholics have higher incomes than members of the smaller Protestant denominations. In general, the more adherents a religious denomination has the higher the income. The differences in male income can be accounted for largely by age and occupational differences while differences in female incomes can be attributed in part to differences in labour force participation. These findings suggest a research agenda which must account for the differences in participation and occupational choice between religions.
ON THE STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS

N lim 1( 1: f(nkx)) = 0, N-N k_l or roughly speaking the strong law of large numbers holds for f(nkx) (in fact the authors prove that Ef(nkx)/k converges almost everywhere) . The question was raised whether (2) holds for any f(x) . This was known for the case nk=2k( 2) . In the present paper it is shown that this is not the case . In fact we prove the following theorem . THEOREM 1 . There exists an f(x) and a sequence nk so that for almost all x
Tensions in the meeting between institutional logics and identities in Swedish folk high schools

Swedish folk high schools previously held an autonomous position with their own courses, specially trained teachers and the teachers’ association. With the introduction of market-like structures in adult education a variety of providers including folk high schools have become involved in the competition for public and private educational commissions. This article focuses on the tensions at folk high schools when perceived dependence on income from competitive commissions results in new practices that challenge existing institutional values. The impact of the changed conditions is experienced differently, although interviews with staff at different folk high schools indicate a growing gulf not only between the leadership and the teachers, but also between the new practice and what was traditionally considered to be the core values of folk high schools.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and bladder cancer prevention

Inclusion of phenacetin among ‘proven’ human carcinogens by the IARC in 1987, raised concerns about the carcinogenic potential of acetaminophen, its major metabolite. Acetaminophen has been implicated as a possible causal agent in the development of cancer of the renal pelvis. The bladder and renal pelvis, which derive from the same embryological structure, share the same transitional type of epithelium. Past studies have been inconclusive on the possible relationship among these analgesics and bladder cancer but no large, highly detailed study of this association has been conducted. A population-based case–control study conducted in Los Angeles, California, involved 1514 incident bladder cancer cases and an equal number of controls who were matched to the index cases by sex, date of birth (within 5 years) and race. Detailed information on medication use and prior medical conditions was collected through in-person interviews. Regular use of analgesics was not associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in either men or women. In fact, compared with non- or irregular users, regular analgesic users were at a decreased risk of bladder cancer overall (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.68–0.96). However, there were clear differences in both the direction and strength of the associations between the different formulation classes of analgesics and bladder cancer risk. Intake of phenacetin was positively related to bladder cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner while intake of its major metabolite in humans, acetaminophen, was unrelated to risk. Intake of all classes of NSAIDs, except pyrazolon derivatives, were negatively associated with bladder cancer risk, with suggestive evidence that the protective effect varies in strength by subcategories of formulation. Acetic acids seemed to exhibit the strongest protective effect, whereas aspirin/other salicylic acids and oxicam showed the weakest protection. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign
‘In the sunshine’: a case study exploring the impact of a CETL award scheme

This article explores the impact of an award scheme provided by one of the Centres for Excellence in Teaching and Learning (CETLs). The award scheme provides financial and other support for lecturers teaching higher education in colleges of further education. Award schemes are common to most of the CETLs and have also been provided in some institutions. The article discusses findings from a focus group discussion held with recipient practitioners. The focus group discussion was part of a study of the impact of the CETLs on reward and recognition for teaching, funded through the Higher Education Academy. The article locates the award scheme in the wider context of the national CETL initiative and in the changing structure and function of further education. The impact of the award is examined in terms of the opportunities and benefits experienced by the individual lecturers and also in terms of the impact on the wider policy agenda of the CETL initiative to improve reward and recognition for teaching.