Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repression of Meiotic Genes by Antisense Transcription and by Fkh2 Transcription Factor in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

In S. pombe, about 5% of genes are meiosis-specific and accumulate little or no mRNA during vegetative growth. Here we use Affymetrix tiling arrays to characterize transcripts in vegetative and meiotic cells. In vegetative cells, many meiotic genes, especially those induced in mid-meiosis, have abundant antisense transcripts. Disruption of the antisense transcription of three of these mid-meiotic genes allowed vegetative sense transcription. These results suggest that antisense transcription represses sense transcription of meiotic genes in vegetative cells. Although the mechanism(s) of antisense mediated transcription repression need to be further explored, our data indicates that RNAi machinery is not required for repression. Previously, we and others used non-strand specific methods to study splicing regulation of meiotic genes and concluded that 28 mid-meiotic genes are spliced only in meiosis. We now demonstrate that the “unspliced” signal in vegetative cells comes from the antisense RNA, not from unspliced sense RNA, and we argue against the idea that splicing regulates these mid-meiotic genes. Most of these mid-meiotic genes are induced in mid-meiosis by the forkhead transcription factor Mei4. Interestingly, deletion of a different forkhead transcription factor, Fkh2, allows low levels of sense expression of some mid-meiotic genes in vegetative cells. We propose that vegetative expression of mid-meiotic genes is repressed at least two independent ways: antisense transcription and Fkh2 repression.
J un 2 00 5 Limits and restrictions of private quantum channel

We study private quantum channels on a single qubit, which encrypt given set of plaintext states P. Specifically, we determine all achievable states ρ (average output of encryption) and for each particular set P we determine the entropy of the key necessary and sufficient to encrypt this set. It turns out that single bit of key is sufficient when the set P is two dimensional. However, the necessary and sufficient entropy of the key in case of three dimensional P varies continuously between 1 and 2 bits depending on the state ρ. Finally, we derive private quantum channels achieving these bounds. We show that the impossibility of universal NOT operation on qubit can be derived from the fact that one bit of key is not sufficient to encrypt qubit.
Chemical Compositions of the Peel Essential Oil of Citrus aurantium and Its Natural Larvicidal Activity against the Malaria Vector Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Comparison with Citrus paradisi

Background: Recently, essential oils and extracts derived from plants have received much interest as potential bio-active agents against mosquito vectors. Methods: The essential oils extract from fresh peel of ripe fruit of Citrus aurantium and Citrus paradisi were tested against mosquito vector Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) under laboratory condition. Then chemical composition of the essential oil of C. aurantium was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results: The essential oils obtained from C. aurantium, and C. paradisi showed good larviciding effect against An. stephensi with LC50 values 31.20 ppm and 35.71 ppm respectively. Clear dose response relationships were established with the highest dose of 80 ppm plant extract evoking almost 100% mortality. Twenty-one (98.62%) constituents in the leaf oil were identified. The main constituent of the leaf oil was Dl-limonene (94.81). Conclusion: The results obtained from this study suggest that the limonene of peel essential oil of C. aurantium is promising as larvicide against An. stephensi larvae and could be useful in the search for new natural larvicidal compounds.
Prospects of 3D inductors on through silicon vias processes for 3D ICs

Three dimensional (3D) integration attempts to keep Moore's Law effectively in the years to come. Through-silicon-vias (TSV) processes offer a step towards 3D integration. In this work, the aspects of inductors in the TSV technologies are studied. Various TSV inductor topologies are examined both theoretically and by means of numerical simulations. As results show, true 3D vertical inductor designs offer improvements in inductance and quality factor over the planar ones.
Fatigability and variable-frequency train stimulation of human skeletal muscles.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The quadriceps femoris (QF) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles are often activated through the use of electrical stimulation by physical therapists. These 2 muscles are fundamentally different in regard to their fiber-type composition. Whether protocols developed using a given muscle can be applied to another muscle has seldom been questioned, even if they differ in fiber type. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that torque augmentation during variable-frequency train (VFT) stimulation as compared with constant-frequency train (CFT) stimulation in the fatigued state would not differ between these muscles, even though the TA muscle has 50% relatively more slow fibers than the QF muscle relative to each muscle's overall composition. SUBJECTS Ten recreationally active men with no history of lower-extremity pathology participated in the study (mean age=25 years, SD=4, range=19-31; mean height=179 cm, SD=5, range=170-188; mean body mass=80 kg, SD=15, range=63-111). METHODS The subjects' TA and QF muscles were stimulated with CFTs (six 200-microsecond square waves separated by 70 milliseconds) or VFTs (first interpulse interval=5 milliseconds) that evoked an isometric contraction. RESULTS After potentiation, the torque-time integral and peak torque were not different for the VFT and CFT stimulation. Rise time was longer for the TA muscle than for the QF muscle and for CFT stimulation versus VFT stimulation (both approximately 40%). After 180 CFTs (50% duty cycle), peak torque decreased 56% overall, with no differences between muscles. Enhancement of the torque-time integral (25%) by VFT stimulation was not different between fatigued QF and TA muscles. Torque augmentation was due to the VFT stimulation evoking 27% greater peak torque and less slowing of rise time than the CFT stimulation (15% versus 30%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results indicate that the QF muscle may not necessarily fatigue more than the TA muscle. The results suggest that VFTs augment the force of fatigued, human skeletal muscle irrespective of fiber type.
How cops see themselves

This study provides the first assessment of officer self-regard and physical confidence among a sample of state police officers. Specifically, this study aims to identify health and wellness predictors of officer self-regard and physical confidence. Data were collected from surveys of all sworn members of one state police agency. State police officer self-regard is predicted by officers’ work shift, officer exercise, fast food consumption, officer sleep, and officers experiencing depression. No significant predictors of officer physical confidence were identified. This is the only study of health and wellness predictors of officer self-regard and physical confidence. Several health and wellness factors are predictive of officer self-regard, but more research should be conducted to identify health and wellness predictors of officer physical confidence.
Forced Harmonic Vibration of a Duffing Oscillator with Linear Viscous Damping

TheDuffing oscillator has become a classical paradigm for illustrating the remarkable jump phenomenon and other nonlinear behaviour [1,2]. The understanding gained on the basis of this low-order nonlinear systemhas helped in the development of reducedorder models of complex mechanical systems ranging from microscales to macroscales [3,4]. The nondimensional Duffing equation with damping and external forcing studied in this chapter has the form
Analytic continuation of the resolvent of the Laplacian and the dynamical zeta function

Abstract Let s 0 0 be the abscissa of absolute convergence of the dynamical zeta function Z ( s ) for several disjoint strictly convex compact obstacles K i ⊂ R N , i = 1 , … , κ 0 , κ 0 ⩾ 3 and let R χ ( z ) = χ ( − Δ D − z 2 ) −1 χ , χ ∈ C 0 ∞ ( R N ) , be the cut-off resolvent of the Dirichlet Laplacian − Δ D in Ω = R N ∖ ⋃ i = 1 κ 0 K i ¯ . We prove that there exists σ 2 s 0 such that Z ( s ) is analytic for R ( s ) ⩾ σ 2 and the cut-off resolvent R χ ( z ) has an analytic continuation for ℑ ( z ) − i σ 2 , | R ( z ) | ⩾ C . To cite this article: V. Petkov, L. Stoyanov, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 345 (2007).
Dynamics of mucosal permeability and inflammation in collagenous colitis before, during, and after loop ileostomy

Collagenous colitis has become a more frequent diagnosis but the aetiology of this disease is still unknown. We describe a female patient with intractable collagenous colitis who was treated with a temporary loop ileostomy. She was followed clinically, histopathologically, and functionally by measuring mucosal permeability before surgery, after ileostomy, and after bowel reconstruction. In our case report, active collagenous colitis was combined with increased transcellular and paracellular mucosal permeability. Diversion of the faecal stream decreased inflammation of the mucosa and normalised epithelial degeneration and mucosal permeability. After restoration of bowel continuity, mucosal permeability was altered prior to the appearance of a collagenous layer.
Predicted rotation signatures in MHD disc winds and comparison to DG Tau observations

Motivated by the first detections of rotation signatures in the DG Tau jet (Bacciotti et al. [CITE]), we examine possible biases affecting the relation between detected rotation signatures and true azimuthal velocity for self-similar MHD disc winds, taking into account projection, convolution as well as excitation gradients effects. We find that computed velocity shifts are systematically smaller than the true underlying rotation curve. When outer slower streamlines dominate the emission, we predict observed shifts increasing with transverse distance to the jet axis, opposite to the true rotation profile. Determination of the full transverse rotation profile thus requires high angular resolution observations ( warm MHD disc wind models with $\lambda = 13$ and an outer radius of the disc $\simeq$3 AU are able to reproduce detected velocity shifts, while cold disc wind models ($\lambda > 50$) are ruled out for the medium-velocity component in the DG Tau jet.
Perceived Importance of Communication Skills and their Predictive Value for Academic Performance

Communication has always been one of the relevant variables influencing the teaching-learning process. The objectives of the current study were (1) to identify those communication skills that students consider to be most important for the teaching activity, (2) to highlight the relationships that exist between students’ perceived interpersonal communication competence, the degree to which they are involved in interpersonal interactions with the teachers and their willingness to communicate, as well as to capture all of these variables’ predictive value for the students’ academic performance. 90 first-year students (mean age 21.89, SD=5.20) have filled out the following questionnaires: Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale, Communication Functions Questionnaire, Interaction Involvement Scale and Willingness to Communicate Scale. The average grade of promotion obtained at the end of the first semester finals was also taken into consideration. Results have indicated that referential and conversational communication skills are considered to be the most significant for the teaching activity and that there are significant links between academic performance and students’ degree of involvement in interpersonal interactions with their teachers. The regression model has shown that the teacher’s use of regulatory and referential communication skills explains a significant amount of the variance in the academic performance, the students’ interaction involvement with their teachers providing a further explanation for the performance achieved by students.
It’s All About the Self

Although abundant research has documented positive interpersonal outcomes of perspective taking, a growing body of evidence indicates that perspective taking can also induce negative interpersonal outcomes—in other words, it backfires. We aim at integrating these seemingly contradictory findings, suggesting that perspective taking backfires when it causes the perspective-taking individual to feel threatened. Threat can emerge from the very act of perspective taking if the target of perspective taking is perceived as too different from the self or if adopting another’s perspective creates the potential for negative self-evaluation. Furthermore, threat may emerge if perspective taking successfully creates perceptions of self-other overlap, but the overlapping characteristics accentuate potentially threatening characteristics of the target. Our theoretical model affords predictions for other conditions in which perspective taking is linked to self-threat and may backfire.
An integration of source location cues for speech clustering in distributed microphone arrays

We propose a new approach for clustering competing speech sources using distributed microphone arrays. In this approach, we first define two feature vectors where the first captures the intra-node location information while the second captures the level difference of speech energy recorded at different nodes. Then, we introduce Watson and Dirichlet mixture models to model the first and second features, respectively. We integrate both types of information in an expectation maximization algorithm to cluster the simultaneous speech sources. The performance of the proposed approach is superior to best node selection and comparable to centralized processing in terms of conventional blind source separation metrics.
Adipose-derived stem cells promote tumor initiation and accelerate tumor growth by interleukin-6 production

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent cells that have attracted much recent attention. Here, we show that ADSCs enhance sphere formation and in vivo tumor initiation of breast and colon cancer cells. In co-culture, ADSCs induced several stem cell markers in cancer cells. ADSCs also accelerated tumor growth. Interaction of ADSCs and cancer cells stimulated secretion of interlukin-6 in ADSCs, which in turn acted in a paracrine manner on cancer cells to enhance their malignant properties. Interleukin-6 regulated stem cell-related genes and activated JAK2/STAT3 in cancer cells. We suggest that ADSCs may enhance tumor initiation and promotion.
The Consistent Attributes of the Ideal Presidential Candidate in an Increasingly Divided Electorate

Political image is a transactional process between candidates’ actions and how voters assess them with their own individual ideas of the ideal presidential candidate. This 28-year longitudinal study of political communication serves to address the following four research questions. First, what attributes do voters find most important or desirable for a candidate to possess—in other words, what makes him or her an ideal presidential candidate? Second, how do these evaluations of ideal characteristics change across time and a different field of candidates? Third, how important are the candidates’ demographic variables? Fourth, how do the evaluations of ideal characteristics differ across the age, gender, and political party affiliation of the voters? These questions are posed and answered across 1988 to 2016 presidential campaign cycles in one of the longest research studies in the discipline of political communication.
IEEE 802.11 DCF based MAC protocols for multiple beam antennas and their limitations

Multiple beam antennas can receive (or transmit) data on multiple beams simultaneously. The aim of this paper is to show the limitations of using IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) based schemes for medium access control (MAC) in such antennas. We provide four different variants of IEEE 802.11 DCF based on-demand protocols to study this phenomenon. Our simulation results and analyses emphasize the need to develop a novel MAC protocol to fully exploit the capabilities of multiple beam antennas. We further provide some embryonic guidelines for the development of such a protocol
How we see it : Culturally different eye movement patterns over visual scenes

It is blatantly obvious that culture is a powerful predictor of variance in overt human behavior. The foods we eat and the manner in which they are prepared, the holidays that we celebrate, and the languages that we speak are all strongly influenced by our cultural background. Culturally influenced behaviors like these seem to arise from a combination of conscious choices and environmental exposure. As such, cross-cultural differences in human behavior may be fairly superficial, overlaid onto underlyingly similar cognitive and perceptual processes. Alternatively, it is possible that our cultural backgrounds impact our cognition and perception at a more fundamental level. In this chapter, we explore the possibility that culture impacts basic aspects of visual perception. The superficiality of cultural differences is an assumption that is common in cognitive science. Within the Chomskian tradition of linguistics, this assumption is made explicit: we all share the same language organ, endowed with the same Universal Grammar (e.g., Baker, 2003; Chomsky, 1965). The syntactic differences among the world's languages arise from different settings for a small number of grammatical parameters (e.g., whether the verb starts or ends the verb phrase). Within psycholinguistics, the assumption that we comprehend, produce, and learn a language using the same cognitive mechanisms-regardless of the particular language involved-allows us to generalize experimental findings beyond the language in which the experiments were conducted. Yet, one can maintain the Chomskian assumptions about Universal Grammar and still ask, does habitually using English (or Chinese) influence how we think about the world? Whatever cross-linguistic differences do exist (e.g., in how temporal or spatial relations are 2 expressed) could impact the way that we think within that domain. This is a version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which, in modified form, continues to capture the interest of cognitive scientists in domains such as color categorization (e.g. Of course, language is just one aspect of culture that might influence how we reason about the world, or even how we perceive it. There are numerous dimensions through which cultural differences might impact our thinking, including differences in social structure, educational practices, availability of resources, politeness norms, and so forth. Within the domains of cultural and social psychology, scholars have found that culture impacts a variety of high-level cognitive behaviors such as social judgments and verbal recall of visual scenes leading to the conclusion that members of the two cultures view the world from quite different (2005) asked …
Many Worlds in One: The Search for Other Universes

www.physicstoday. org on many of the topics in the text; his experience is reflected in the interesting and cohesive perspectives related to the different subjects discussed and in the adaptation of calculations from his own work to new, substantial, and intriguing problems. Each chapter has two short introductions: one to outline its contents and the other to discuss the exercises at the end of the chapter. The introductions are most useful for providing context, and they help the flow of the presentation. The one choice made by the author with which I disagree is that he did not provide literature recommendations when he did not cover a topic in depth. A highlight of the book is the broad array of thoughtful exercises; an answer key to most of them is available to instructors on request. That sensible policy is a tremendous boon to timecrunched instructors who want to make up problem sets that take an appropriate amount of time for students to complete. Sethna asks that instructors do not post the answers to the exercises on the Web or distribute them electronically. The exercises include a substantial number of computational problems; software for several of them can be downloaded from the author’s website. Some of the software is prewritten so that students can easily download and run simulations. When I was writing this review, some of the canned exercises did not work on Macintosh OS X. I hope the problem is remedied by the time this review is published. Some of the exercises in the book guide students to write their own simulations. They are encouraged to program in Python, a computer language that runs on all standard platforms and is relatively easy to learn. Some of the exercises would take a long time to grade, so it is best to assign them in a course only when the class is small or considerable grading assistance is available. Sethna’s book provides an important service to students who want to learn modern statistical mechanics. The text teaches students how to work out problems by guiding them through the exercises rather than by presenting them with worked-out examples. Overall, Statistical Mechanics is probably more appropriate as a textbook than a selfstudy guide. Instructors can point out to students which material is core and central to understanding following chapters, and which is cultural and not required to comprehend later topics. Susan Coppersmith University of Wisconsin–Madison Many Worlds in One
The behaviour of the MPC: Gradualism, inaction and individual voting patterns

We evaluate the degree of gradualism and inaction in UK monetary policy over the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) period (1997-2007) at the quarterly and the monthly frequency. After accounting for misspecification in standard Taylor rules, we find little evidence for gradualism. A measure of optimal policy is calculated. Comparing this with actual policy suggests that there is less inaction in monetary policy decisions than previous work suggested for the period prior to the formation of the MPC. In an analysis of the MPC's monthly voting decisions, we find that the activity rate, defined as the probability that the MPC vote to change interest rates in a given month, has fallen over time. This reflects the increased stability of inflation and output growth, rather than changes in the degree of gradualism and/or inaction. There is some evidence for inaction at the monthly frequency however, demonstrated by the fact that the MPC is more active in the forecast month than in the non-forecast month. The MPC also tends to wait longer before reversing the direction of interest rate changes than continuing them. This difference appears not to be driven by gradualism, and so provides further evidence for inaction at the monthly frequency. A panel data analysis suggests that the MPC as a whole is equally active as its individual members, so inaction appears not to be driven by the use of a committee to set monetary policy. There is no evidence that activity rates fall with the length of time that a member has served on the committee, suggesting that learning about the transmission mechanism has no impact on the tendency for gradualism and inaction.