Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transnational geographies of academic distinction: the role of social capital in the recognition and evaluation of ‘overseas’ credentials

This paper examines the role of specific and place‐based social capital in the recognition and evaluation of international credentials. Whilst research on labour market segmentation has contributed towards an understanding of the spatial variability of the value of human capital, very little attention has been paid to the ways in which the credentials of more privileged social groups may in certain local contexts become valorised. At the same time, an increasing body of work in sociology has drawn attention to the globalisation of credentials and labour market competition. This paper brings together these perspectives, demonstrating how transnational social connections are put to work in the valourisation of ‘overseas credentials’ within a particular local labour market – Hong Kong’s financial services sector. It reveals the extent to which social capital, which is at once transnational and locally embedded, confers value upon particular international credentials, with consequences for individuals’ employment prospects. The paper stresses the continuing need to examine international academic credentials in localised contexts.
Relationship Between Concussion History and Concussion Knowledge, Attitudes, and Disclosure Behavior in High School Athletes

Objective: Examine the association between self-reported concussion history and measures of concussion knowledge, attitude, and disclosure behavior. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Classroom. Participants: A convenience sample of high school athletes (n = 167; mean age = 15.7 years) from multiple sports completed a validated survey. Independent Variables: Concussion history (main predictor) was defined as the number of self-recalled concussions during participants' high school career. Main Outcome Measures: The outcomes were recalled concussion disclosure behavior (3 measures) and scales assessing both concussion knowledge and concussion attitude. Results: A greater number of previous concussions was associated with worse attitude to concussion and negative concussion disclosure behavior. For every 3 additional self-recalled concussions, there was a mean decrease of 7.2 points (range of possible scores = 14-98) in concussion attitude score (P = 0.002), a 48% decrease in the self-reported proportion of concussion events disclosed (P = 0.013), and an increased prevalence of self-reported participation in games (67%) and practices (125%) while experiencing signs and symptoms of concussion (P < 0.001). Increased concussion history did not affect concussion knowledge score (P = 0.333). Conclusions: Negative trends in concussion disclosure behavior were identified in youth athletes with a positive history of concussion. Improving disclosure in this subgroup will require targeted efforts addressing negative attitude to concussion.
Formal analysis of hierarchical state machines: Dedicated to Zohar Manna on his 26th birthday

In hierarchical state machines, the states can be ordinary states or superstates which are state machines themselves. The notion of hierarchical state machines was popularized by the introduction of STATECHARTS, and exists in various object-oriented software development methodologies. This paper surveys results concerning the impact of hierarchy for formal specification and verification. We present a systematic study of the complexity of model checking problems in presence of hierarchy, the succinctness afforded by hierarchy from a language-theoretic perspective, and heuristics for exploiting hierarchy in model checking tools.
Pulmonary Effects of Prolonged Oligohydramnios following Mid-Trimester Rupture of the Membranes – Antenatal and Postnatal Management

Mid-trimester, preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) with prolonged oligohydramnios remains a challenge for both obstetricians and neonatologists. Although survival rates have improved, morbidity remains common particularly due to pulmonary insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension. The aetiology of abnormal lung development is unknown but may depend critically on pulmonary vascular development. Antenatal evaluation of at-risk foetuses by three-dimensional ultrasound and MRI is possible but the techniques need to be further assessed. Antenatal corticosteroids given in cases of PPROM reduce the incidence of neonatal death, respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular haemorrhage and necrotising enterocolitis without increasing maternal or neonatal infection. The true risk-benefit ratio of antibiotics, tocolysis and strategies to normalise amniotic fluid volume remains less clear. There is no consensus regarding the optimal ventilation strategy to support infants with pulmonary insufficiency following PPROM, and further work is required to determine whether and which pulmonary vasodilators improve long-term outcome in these infants.
WEIGHT-LENGTH RELATIONSHIPS OF KOI ( ANABAS TESTUDINEUS ) ALONG WITH CONDITION FACTOR FED ON FORMULATED FEED

Weight-Length relationships (WLRs) were estimated for Anabas testudineus that were fed on formulated feed in the laboratory and reared in still tanks. Samples were collected from different regions of Bangladesh (Chandpur, Matlab, Kalipur) and size ranges from 7.3-9.3cm and average weight 3.53-8.41 gm. The best growth was found by feeding Feed Type A (p<.05). The estimates for the parameter b of the WLR (W = aL b ) ranged between 1.53 and 3.20 which coincides with the slope of that of an ideal fish. Condition factor (K) has positive influence with increasing length or weight.
A Role-Based Ecology of Technological Change

This article considers what factors determine whether an innovation becomes a foundation for future technological developments rather than a "dea end. " The authors introduce the concept of the technological niche, which includes a focal innovation, the innovations on which the focal innovations builds, the innovations that build upon the focal innovation, and the technological ties among the innovations within the niche. Using patents and patent citations to measure characteristics of innovation niches within the semiconductor industry, the authors show that the size of the niche and the status of the actors within the niche have a positive effect on the likelihood that subsequent innovations will build upon the focal innovation. Competitive intensity within the niche has a negative effect on this likelihood.
miR-21 promotes fibrosis in an acute cardiac allograft transplantation model.

AIMS Cardiac transplantation is the only curative therapy for end-stage heart failure. Fibrosis is one of the major causes for impaired function of cardiac allografts. MicroRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs, play a critical role in the development of cardiovascular disease, but the role of microRNAs in cardiac allograft failure is not well understood. METHODS AND RESULTS To uncover a role of microRNAs during cardiac graft fibrosis, we generated global microRNA profiles in allogeneic (BALB/c in C57BL/6N) and isogeneic (C57BL/6N in C57BL/6N) murine hearts after transplantation. miR-21 together with cardiac fibrosis was increased in cardiac allografts compared with isografts. Likewise, patients with cardiac rejection after heart transplantation showed increased cardiac miR-21 levels. miR-21 was induced upon treatment with IL-6 in a monocyte cell line. Overexpression of miR-21 in this monocyte cell line activated a fibrotic gene programme and promoted monocyte-to-fibrocyte transition together with activation of chemokine (C-C) motif ligand 2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) via the phosphatase and tensin homologue/activator protein 1 regulatory axis. In vivo, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of miR-21 successfully reduced fibrosis and fibrocyte accumulation in cardiac allografts. CONCLUSION Thus, inhibition of miR-21 is a novel strategy to target fibrosis development in cardiac allografts.
Acceleration of wound repair by curcumin in the excision wound of mice exposed to different doses of fractionated γ radiation

Fractionated irradiation (IR) before or after surgery of malignant tumours causes a high frequency of wound healing complications. Our aim was to investigate the effect of curcumin (CUM) on the healing of deep excision wound of mice exposed to fractionated IR by mimicking clinical conditions. A full‐thickness dermal excision wound was created on the shaved dorsum of mice that were orally administered or not with 100 mg of CUM per kilogram body weight before partial body exposure to 10, 20 or 40 Gy given as 2 Gy/day for 5, 10 or 20 days. The wound contraction was determined periodically by capturing video images of the wound from day 1 until complete healing of wounds. Fractionated IR caused a dose‐dependent delay in the wound contraction and prolonged wound healing time, whereas CUM administration before fractionated IR caused a significant elevation in the wound contraction and reduced mean wound healing time. Fractionated IR reduced the synthesis of collagen, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and nitric oxide (NO) at different post‐IR times and treatment of mice with CUM before IR elevated the synthesis of collagen, DNA and NO significantly. Histological examination showed a reduction in the collagen deposition, fibroblast and vascular densities after fractionated IR, whereas CUM pre‐treatment inhibited this decline significantly. Our study shows that CUM pre‐treatment accelerated healing of irradiated wound and could be a substantial therapeutic strategy in the management of irradiated wounds.
Interactions among Attitudes toward Teaching and Personality Constructs in Early Childhood Pre-Service Teachers.

main purpose of this study was to examine early childhood education teachers' attitudes toward teaching, and their relationship to internal-external locus of control and sociotropy and autonomy orientations. The participants in this study were limited to 180 undergraduate students enrolled in early childhood education in three different universities in Ankara, Turkey. The results showed that the participants had fairly high positive attitudes toward teaching. On the other hand, despite these high positive attitudes, almost half of the participants indicated that their future plans did not include being involved with early childhood education. In general, the demographic characteristics were not significantly related to these attitudes. Attitude toward teaching was negatively related to overall external locus of control and it was not related to internal locus of control at a significant level. In relation to sub-factors, belief in chance and meaninglessness of effort also showed a negative relationship with attitude toward teaching. Attitude toward teaching was not significantly related to either of sociotropy or autonomy orientations. However, when computing correlations with the sub-scales of the Sociotropy and Autonomy Scale, only attitude toward teaching was found negatively correlated with concern about disapproval subscale.
Gender and age trends of histological types of lung cancer in a 20-year period: pathological perspective.

PURPOSE To find out the trends of distribution in different histological types of lung cancer in both genders in a period of 20 years. METHODS The most frequent histological types of lung cancer in tissue specimens obtained by bronchoscopy or percutaneous needle biopsy were analysed in terms of age and gender. The studied population included 6289 patients (16.6% females and 83.1% males). Statistical significance was established by x(2) test at the level p<0.05. RESULTS Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) prevailed in the total number of patients in all investigated years (58.0%), and separately in male (60.4%) and female (45.7%) patients. This histological type was predominant in all age groups in both genders (41.6% in males and 38.1% in females). CONCLUSION SCC has the highest incidence in Serbia. Continuous campaign against smoking and helping its cessation, improving working and socioeconomic conditions is a strategy for decreasing all histological types of lung cancer patients.
Relays-enhanced LTE-Advanced networks performance studies

This paper proposes a study on the performance of multi-hop relays networks. We demonstrate the importance of the relays for coverage and capacity enhancement and study how the number of relays and their position inside the cell impact the performance, and how an efficient relay location scheme can guarantee better performance with less relays per cell. Further we give an estimation of the amount of power per square meter on the ground when relays are used, with respect to traditional network, showing the fundamental role of relays for green networking. We consider the downlink of an LTE-Advanced network, in which all the User Equipments (UE) are supposed to be attached to the eNode-B (eNB) or Relay Node (RN) from which they receive more power. Numerical results are obtained through Monte-Carlo simulations and the performance measures are represented by the average effective Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) and the average spectral efficiency.
Child protection: An unreflective practice

This paper highlights the need for social work education to focus on the ideological, cultural and organisational influences that shape practitioner perspectives and determine case careers, particularly in the area of child protection. Using the findings from a case study on the processing of child abuse referrals made to a social work team in Ireland's largest health board region, this paper illustrates the dissonance between the 'official' child protection discourse and the complexities and dilemmas of everyday practice. It also highlights practitioners' apparent lack of awareness of the dynamics that determine the way in which decisions and assessments are reached. The need to encourage and facilitate social workers' use of theory as a means of addressing these complex areas is endorsed, and implications for educational programmes are discussed.
Rectosigmoid xanthoma as a predictive marker for sporadic rectosigmoid cancer.

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Effects of a Multimedia Social Skills Program in Increasing Social Responses and Initiations of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

The current study evaluated the effectiveness of Superheroes Social Skills, a multimedia social skills package, in improving social responsiveness and social initiation behaviors of four elementary school children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The program was implemented in a public school setting in the southwestern United States for 30 min twice a week across an 11-week period of time. Observations of participants' social responses and initiations during regularly scheduled recess periods showed substantial improvements in social response behaviors and small effects for increasing social initiations. The overall effects on social engagement were maintained at follow-up and scores on teacher-completed social skills checklists further supported the observed improvements. Further, social validity checklists by teachers, parents, and participants suggest acceptability of the intervention procedures.
The safety profile of naltrexone in the treatment of alcoholism. Results from a multicenter usage study. The Naltrexone Usage Study Group.

BACKGROUND Naltrexone hydrochloride is the first medication approved in the United States for the treatment of alcohol dependence in almost 50 years. This study was designed to collect safety data in a setting that reflected the expected clinical use of naltrexone. METHODS This was a 12-week, nonrandomized, open-label usage study conducted in 40 alcoholism treatment centers throughout the United States, including free-standing alcoholism treatment programs, university clinics, Veterans Administration hospitals, and office-based primary care practices. Eligible patients were assigned, at the investigators' discretion, to a naltrexone treatment group or to a reference group that did not receive study medication. At study entry, patients must have been abstinent from alcohol for 1 to 6 weeks and enrolled in a psychosocial treatment program for alcoholism. Patients often underrepresented in controlled clinical trials, including women and patients with comorbid medical and psychiatric illness, were eligible. Patients with polysubstance abuse or infection with the human immunodeficiency virus were not excluded. RESULTS Of 865 patients enrolled, 570 received naltrexone and 295 were in a reference group. The most common new-onset adverse clinical events in the naltrexone group were nausea (9.8%) and headache (6.6%). Naltrexone was discontinued in 15.0% of patients because of adverse events, most frequently nausea. The results of liver function tests in the naltrexone group were similar to those in the reference group. No death occurred during the study. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study to date describing the safety of naltrexone in a heterogeneous population of persons with alcoholism. No new safety concerns were identified.
Mitochondrial genomes of the jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos (Passeriformes: Corvidae) from shed feathers and a phylogenetic analysis of genus Corvus using mitochondrial protein-coding genes

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genomes of two jungle crows (Corvus macrorhynchos) were sequenced. DNA was extracted from tissue samples obtained from shed feathers collected in the field in Sri Lanka and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq Personal Sequencer. Jungle crow mitogenomes have a structural organization typical of the genus Corvus and are 16,927 bp and 17,066 bp in length, both comprising 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal subunit genes, and a non-coding control region. In addition, we complement already available house crow (Corvus spelendens) mitogenome resources by sequencing an individual from Singapore. A phylogenetic tree constructed from Corvidae family mitogenome sequences available on GenBank is presented. We confirm the monophyly of the genus Corvus and propose to use complete mitogenome resources for further intra- and interspecies genetic studies.
População, desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade: perspectivas para a CIPD pós-2014

A Conferência Internacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento (CIPD), ocorrida em 1994, na cidade do Cairo, completa 20 anos. A Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas (UNGASS) apresentará propostas de ampliação e continuidade do Programa de Ação da CIPD para além de 2014. Em 2015 termina o prazo de 15 anos dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento do Milênio (ODM), que devem ser substituídos pelos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), proposta aprovada na Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável, a chamada Rio+20, realizada em 2012, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Estabelecer uma proposta de ação global para o período 2015 a 2030, reunindo temas sobre população, desenvolvimento e meio ambiente, pode representar um ganho significativo. No passado, a ONU, pressionada pelas divergências geopolíticas da Guerra Fria, seccionou estes três temas ao realizar a Conferência sobre Meio Ambiente Humano em Estocolmo (1972) e a Conferência Mundial de População em Bucareste (1974). Nas Conferências seguintes a divisão se manteve. Se tal estratégia, por um lado, facilitou a aprovação de resoluções específicas, por outro, dificultou o tratamento conjunto das questões relativas a população, economia e ambiente. Para aprofundar esse debate na comunidade demográfica, a Associação Latino-Americana de População (Alap) e a Associação Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais (Abep), com o apoio de diversas instituições, organizaram o seminário internacional “CIPD para além de 2014 e a dinâmica demográfica da América Latina e Caribe”, entre 15 e 17 de julho de 2013, nas dependências do IBGE, no Rio de Janeiro. Este evento também serviu como preparação para a incidência da sociedade civil na Primeira Reunião da Conferência Regional de População e Desenvolvimento (CRPD) de Montevidéu, ocorrida de 12 a 15 de agosto de 2013, na qual foi aprovado o documento “Consenso de Montevidéu”.
Marital dissolution among the 1958 British birth cohort: The role of cohabitation

This paper investigates the effect of previous cohabitation on marital stability among the 1958 British birth cohort. Prospective data from the National Child Development Study are used to investigate the way in which family background factors and early lifecourse experiences, including cohabitation, affect the risk of first marriage dissolution by age 33. Discrete time logistic regression hazards models are used to analyse the risk of separation in the first eight years of marriage. Many socio-economic and family background factors are found to act through more intermediate determinants, such as age at marriage and the timing of childbearing, to affect the risk of separation. Previous cohabitation with another partner and premarital cohabitation are both associated with higher rates of marital breakdown. The effect of premarital cohabitation is attenuated but remains significant once the characteristics of cohabitors are controlled, and cannot be explained by the longer time spent in a partnership.
Deployment evaluation of accounting information systems in Libyan commercial banks

This article reports on the recent implementation and current deployment of accounting information systems in Libyan commercial banks. A case study approach is adopted that moves from an initial screening of the 14 main Libyan banks to a final in-depth study of just three banks. Business process modeling and systems profiling are used to assess the status of the banks in terms of systems use, process change and information systems strategy development. Libyan banks are well advanced in their installation of modern packaged software but could be used to greater effect to optimize business processes and improve efficiencies. Training and up skilling of staff in the use of these systems and infrastructure remain key issues. The study illustrates how models formulated for application in the developed world can be adapted and applied to assess information systems in a developing world commercial environment; this can be re-used and adapted to assess systems strategy and status in other organizations in the region.