Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Destination brand personality: visitor perceptions of a regional tourism destination

Despite a growing body of work on destination branding in general, particularly at a country or nation level, there has been little investigation of whether or not tourists do attribute brand personality characteristics to tourism destinations and whether or not tourists' perceived self-image and the "brand personality" of destinations are related. The aim of the study presented in this article was to explore the relationships among four key constructs proposed for destination branding and choice process: tourist travel motivations, destination brand personality, self-congruity, and visitation. The study involved a survey of tourists' perceptions of a branded regional tourism destination-the Whitsundays-in Queensland, Australia. Data were collected from a total of 277 participants yielding a response rate of 62%. The results provided general support for the proposal that tourists ascribe personality characteristics to destination. Furthermore, the study found that there is a level of congruity between tourist' self-image and their perceptions of the destination brand personality.
Transfer of colostral antibodies from queens to their kittens.

OBJECTIVE To examine systemic immunity in kittens, including transfer of maternal immunoglobulins from the queen to kittens, and subsequent decay of passively obtained immunoglobulins. ANIMALS 6 healthy queens and their 46 kittens. PROCEDURE Immunoglobulin concentrations were measured in serum, colostrum, and milk of queens and in their kittens' sera. Decay rate constants and half-lives of maternally derived immunoglobulins were determined. To determine intestinal absorption, foreign IgG was given to kittens at 6- to 8-hour intervals after birth, and bovine IgM was given to kittens at birth. RESULTS Immunoglobulin concentrations of milk and colostrum did not differ significantly after removal of milk fat. Mean IgG concentration was higher in colostrum/ milk, whereas mean IgA and IgM concentrations were lower than those in the queens' serum. No IgG or IgA was detected in any of the precolostral serum samples obtained from kittens. Small amounts of IgM were present in the sera from 5 kittens at birth. Transferred IgG and IgA decreased rapidly with half-lives of 4.4 +/- 3.57 and 1.93 +/- 1.94 days, respectively. Serum IgM concentration increased irregularly during the first week of life, followed by a steady increase. Foreign IgG given up to 12 hours after birth was detected in kittens' serum, whereas IgG given at or after 16 hours was not found in any kitten's serum. CONCLUSIONS Milk and colostral immunoglobulin concentrations did not differ significantly. The half-lives of maternally derived IgG and IgA in kittens were shorter than those reported in dogs. IgG given at or after 16 hours of life was not absorbed by neonatal kittens. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Queen's milk obtained anytime during lactation may be used as a replacement for colostrum as a source of antibodies for neonatal kittens. Kittens at risk for neonatal isoerythrolysis must only be removed from the queens during the first day of life.
Coping Difficulties After Hospitalization

Coping difficulties of 113 adults 3 weeks after hospital discharge were identified using the Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale and a brief focused telephone interview (11-item guide). Overall, low difficulty scores were reported (M = 23.9, SD = 18.2, range = 0 to 100). Qualitative data reveal specific coping difficulties in the categories of stressors, specific difficulties, caring for self, managing the condition, family, advice needed, contact with the health care system, and what they wished they knew before discharge. A core theme of biographical reconstruction emerged.
Modelling Urban Commercial Property Yields: Exogenous and Endogenous Influences

The starting point for this paper is the argument that increased weight of money into commercial property in this decade has led to a convergence of UK provincial city office yields. The paper begins by reviewing the concept of a property yield cycle and the notion of a city risk premium, and then considers exogenous and endogenous influences on the determination of urban office yields. This provides the framework for the empirical analysis. The study examines the trends in office yields in the major provincial office centres of the UK over a period of more than 20 years. It reviews the changing city risk premiums relative to the City of London, including their spread, over this period and relates this to the weight of money invested in different provincial cities. This descriptive analysis provides the context for the development of a formal model of local office yields that is tested with a panel regression. The findings suggest that there are some local or fixed effects on yields in different cities and that exogenous investment funds are a significant influence in the short term but not the long term.
RISKY OPTIONS SIMPLIFIED

We study a general version of a quadratic approach to the pricing of options in an abstract financial market. The resulting price is the expectation of the option's discounted payoff under the variance-optimal signed martingale measure, and we give a very simple proof of this result. A conjecture of G. Wolczynska essentially says that this measure coincides with the minimal signed martingale measure in a certain class of models. We show by a counterexample that this conjecture is false.
Tocolysis for acute preterm labor: does anything work

Abstract The central rationale of tocolysis for preterm labor (PTL) is to delay delivery for at least 48 h to allow for transfer of the mother to a tertiary facility and for corticosteroids to induce surfactant production in fetal lungs. Beta-mimetics decrease the number of women in preterm labor giving birth within 48 h without reducing adverse neonatal outcomes. Calcium channel blockers inclusive of nifedipine decrease the adverse neonatal outcomes by significantly delaying delivery. Atosiban has the best maternal and fetal safety profile but does not seem to reduce neonatal complications. Magnesium sulfate is controversial as a tocolytic, but is valuable as a neuroprotective agent and for treatment of eclamptic seizures. Indomethacin may be a reasonable first choice for acute tocolytsis in gestational ages less than 32 weeks’ gestation. Prolonged use (>48 h) should be avoided. Transdermal nitroglycerin can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality as a result of decreased risk of birth before 28 weeks’ gestation. Nifedipine may be a reasonable first choice because it is easy to administer and also of limited side effects relative to β2-mimetics. Tocolysis does not appear to significantly lengthen the gestational age beyond seven days.
New institutionalism and the governance of the Single European Market

This article examines the new institutionalist research agenda in the context of the European Union (EU). Specifically, it examines the historical institutionalist approach, setting out different aspects of EU governance that it may be able to capture: systemic change; differentiated governance structures across policy subsystems; policy evolution; and the normative dimension. The article then examines these different aspects, drawing on evidence associated with the Single European Market programme, launched in 1985.
Risk factors and prevention strategies for falls in elderly

The aim was to assess the frequency, risk factors and consequences of falls in elderly and the rate of reporting their occurrence to health professionals. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 182 patients admitted to the National Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology during December 2014-April 2015. Data was obtained from the medical records and by asking the patients to fill in a questionnaire. Results: 46.15% patients reported no fall during the previous year; 40.11% reported 1 fall; 17.34% were frequent fallers. We found a positive correlation between age and falls frequency (R=0.420. p=0.0001). There were significant associations between prevalent falls and: vestibular syndromes (p=0.001), postural hypotension (p=0.021), stroke (p=0.034) and foot deformities (p=0.048). The most important consequences were: pain (79.59%), limitations of the activities of daily life (46.94%), fear of falling (24.49%). Conclusions: Environmental hazards, vestibular syndromes, postural hypotension, vertigo, dizziness were the leading risk factor for falls in this study.
Early prognosis in patients with community-acquired severe sepsis and septic shock: analysis of 184 consecutive cases.

PURPOSE To determine the risk factors on hospital mortality in patients with community-acquired severe sepsis and septic shock in the first 24 hours after admission to the intensive care unit. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was prospective, observational, single-centre and included adult patients with community-acquired severe sepsis and septic shock. Demographics, clinical, laboratory and microbiological data were recorded. The main outcome measure was hospital mortality. RESULTS During the study period, 184 patients were included. The overall mortality rate was 51.6%, 44.4% with severe sepsis and 71.4% in patients with septic shock. The lung was the most common site of infection (65.8%) and respiratory failure was the most common organ failure (54.9%). Multivariate analysis identified four independent risk factors for mortality in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: three or more organ dysfunctions (OR, 3.212; 95% CI, 1.585-6.506; p<0.001), acute respiratory failure (OR, 2.649 95% CI, 1.327-5.287; p=0.006), positive blood culture (OR, 2.708; 95% CI, 1.289-5.689; p=0.009) and chronic heart failure (OR, 2.112; 95% CI, 1.036-4.308; p=0.040). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the importance of three or more organ dys-functions, acute respiratory failure, positive blood culture and chronic heart failure as independent risk factors for mortality in the first 24 hours after admission in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. This will benefit the early identification of patients at high risk for poor outcomes that contributes to intensive management and appropriate treatment interventions.
The Intertemporal Relation Between the U.S. and Japanese Stock Markets

This paper finds a high correlation between the open to close returns for U.S. stocks in the previous trading day and the Japanese equity market performance in the current period. In contrast, the Japanese market has only a small impact on the U.S. return in the current period. High correlations among open to close returns are a violation of the efficient market hypothesis; however, in trading simulation, the excess profits in Japan vanish when transactions costs and transfer taxes are included. Copyright 1990 by American Finance Association.
Identifying consumer characteristics associated with Japanese preferences toward milk products

This article identifies consumer characteristics associated with preferences toward milk products. Using Japanese consumer data and Quantification Theory Type III, consumer' milk and other beverage preferences are quantified. The results indicate that men, middle-aged people, and people with no calcium concerns prefer soda and alcoholic beverages to milk beverages, while younger people, larger families, and people with calcium concerns drank more milk more often. The results also indicate that non-milk drinkers, older people, people with no calcium concerns, and men are less inclined to consume cheese and yogurt, and stronger health concerns increased demand for milk and dairy products. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Reliability of the Clinical Tests and Questions Recommended in International Guidelines for Low Back Pain

Study Design. An intertester reliability study of the questions and tests recommended in guidelines for the management of low back pain (LBP). Objective. This study undertook a reliability study to evaluate the reliability of the items of the LBP clinical examination with a large sample of LBP patients. Summary of Background Data. A crucial part of the diagnostic triage process, recommended by many national and international guidelines for the management of LBP, is the clinical examination. The questions and tests used in this process have never been rigorously evaluated for their intertester reliability in first contact clinicians who are not medically trained. Methods. Patients, referred to physiotherapy departments across the United Kingdom with LBP (n = 301) were recruited in a sample of convenience. The 50 questions and physical tests were administered by a physiotherapist and then repeated by another physiotherapist within the same day. Data were analyzed using kappa and weighted kappa correlation coefficients (&kgr;). Confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Results. Eighty-six percent (n = 43) of the questions and test demonstrated &kgr; of 0.41 (fair agreement) or above. Five questions and 2 physical tests (prone knee bend and myotomal assessment) demonstrated agreement of only slight levels. CIs were generally narrow and the uncertainty regarding the kappa coefficients demonstrated correspondingly low. Conclusions. This study has rigorously evaluated the intertester reliability of the clinical examination process of the diagnostic triage. These clinicians generally demonstrated fair agreement when testing features of the “nerve root,” “yellow” and “red flag” presentations recommended in international guidelines for the management of LBP and nonspecific LBP. However, reliance on single tests with only fair levels of agreement may be unwise. Further work is required to investigate the validity of the tests.
Inheriting the Future: Intergenerational Persistence of Educational Status in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

ABSTRACT This paper examines the changes in the educational attainment of three successive generations in South Africa: grandparents, parents and children. Many of the results accord with widely known facts, such as the educational penalty faced by individuals who are African or who live in rural areas or in female-headed households. Similarly, the larger impact of mother's education on child outcomes relative to father's education accords with previous work, although it is interesting that this gender difference is only sizeable and significant for relationships between the second and third generation. Key findings in this paper include the fact that persistence has increased with subsequent generations.
Prognostic significance of tenascin-C expression in superficial and invasive bladder cancer

Aims: Tenascin-C (Tn-C) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is upregulated in malignant tumours. Tn-C promotes cell growth, cell migration, and angiogenesis. It has been suggested to be a prognostic factor in various types of malignant tumours, but there is little information on its significance in bladder cancer with regard to overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS). Methods: Tn-C expression was studied in 106 patients with bladder cancer diagnosed between 1994 and 1997. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a monoclonal antibody against Tn-C. RFS and OS were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log rank test in univariate analysis and by the Cox multistep regression method in multivariate analysis. Results: Within the mean follow up period of 126 months, patients with diffuse Tn-C staining in the tumour stroma had a significantly worse OS than those with negative staining or only moderate Tn-C expression (p = 0.025). Patients with cytoplasmic expression of Tn-C had a significantly better OS than those without (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis, taking into consideration age, grade, stage, tumour associated carcinoma in situ, progression, and Tn-C staining in tumour stroma, showed that only expression of Tn-C in invasive tumour cells was an independent positive prognostic factor for OS (p = 0.049). Conclusions: Tn-C may provide important prognostic information in bladder cancer depending on the expression pattern in the tumour stroma or cytoplasm of the tumour cells.
Competition in prescription drug markets: is parallel trade the answer?

This article uses a price determination model with dynamic panel data estimation to examine the extent to which pharmaceutical parallel trade promotes price competition and leads to downward price convergence. Little evidence of sustainable price competition is found. We find that prices are mainly affected by regulation and by competition in the wholesale distribution chain; that the pricing strategy of parallel distributors resembles that of originator drugs in importing countries; and that there may be upward rather than downward price convergence. Drawing on the European evidence, the findings also indicate that opening the US market to parallel imports will not necessarily lead to competition and enhance pharmaceutical cost containment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphology of organic electronic materials imaged via electron tomography

Organic electronic materials and nanostructures have been studied with the use of electron tomography. Nanostructured materials including contrast enhancing features have been studied and double tilt data collection has been employed to improve reconstructions. Tomography reconstructions of active layers of organic solar cells, where various preparation techniques have been used, have been analysed and compared to device behaviour. Small changes in preparation procedures may lead to large differences in morphology and device performance, and the results also indicate a complex relation between these.
Intellectual capital in service‐ and product‐oriented companies

Purpose – As service companies are occupying an increasingly significant place as drivers of economic growth, there is a pressing need to understand their peculiarities in order to facilitate their effective management and governance. One important area in which this kind of understanding is lacking is intellectual capital (IC) and knowledge management. Although intellectual capital has become the key value driver for all types of organizations, there is a lack of systematic research on whether there are fundamental differences in the IC of service‐oriented versus product‐oriented companies. In an attempt to bridge this gap the paper aims to examine the main differences in IC stocks, creation, management and protection mechanisms between service‐oriented and product‐oriented companies.Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on empirical evidence collected from 418 respondents representing HR and R&D functions in 335 Finnish companies.Findings – The results demonstrate that service‐oriented com.
Does Education Still Pay Off in Rural China: Revisit the Impact of Education on Off-Farm Employment and Wages

The present study considers how education affects off-farm job participation and wages. We use a nationally representative dataset from a survey conducted in 5 provinces, 101 villages and 808 households by the authors in early 2005. The empirical results show that educational attainment, skill training and years of experience of rural residents have positive, statistically significant effects on off-farm employment. The average return to a year of education is 7 percent, which is higher than those observed in previous studies. We also find the return to an additional year of schooling to be higher for post-junior high schooling than for junior high and below schooling: 11.8 versus 3.2 percent. We conclude that not only does education still pays off in rural China, but also the rate of return to education is increasing over time.
The effects of audibility and novel word learning ability on vocabulary level in children with cochlear implants

Abstract Objectives A novel word learning (NWL) paradigm was used to explore underlying phonological and cognitive mechanisms responsible for delayed vocabulary level in children with cochlear implants (CIs). Methods One hundred and one children using CIs, 6–12 years old, were tested along with 47 children with normal hearing (NH). Tests of NWL, receptive vocabulary, and speech perception at 2 loudness levels were administered to children with CIs. Those with NH completed the NWL task and a receptive vocabulary test. CI participants with good audibility (GA) versus poor audibility (PA) were compared on all measures. Analysis of variance was used to compare performance across the children with NH and the two groups of children with CIs. Multiple regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of vocabulary outcomes. Results Children with CIs in the GA group scored higher in receptive vocabulary and NWL than children in the PA group, although they did not reach NH levels. CI-aided pure tone threshold and performance on the NWL task predicted independent variance in vocabulary after accounting for other known predictors. Discussion Acquiring spoken vocabulary is facilitated by GA with a CI and phonological learning and memory skills. Children with CIs did not learn novel words at the same rate or achieve the same receptive vocabulary levels as their NH peers. Maximizing audibility for the perception of speech and direct instruction of new vocabulary may be necessary for children with CIs to reach levels seen in peers with NH.
Conflicting values about federal forests: A comparison of national and Oregon publics

Abstract Federal forest land in the Pacific Northwest has become the focus of a regional and national debate concerning the protection of natural environmental systems and the economic and cultural vitality of local communities. At the heart of this debate are different values about forests and human relationships to forests. This study examines the degree to which the public embraces differing values about federal forests nationally and regionally. Findings suggest strong biocentric value orientations toward forests among the public in both cases. It is further suggested that the value orientations of citizens are strongly related to policy preferences for federal forest lands.
Financial innovation in the UK

This study employs a national survey of over 1100 British financial firms to ascertain the determinants of financial innovation and their sales success using the logit and the generalized Tobit models. We find that the likelihood of financial innovation rises with the size of financial firms, employee education, greater expenditure on research and development, the availability of finance and the extent to which firms cooperate with each other. Perceptions of economic risk and innovation costs are also influential. R&D, cooperation and human capital are the main variables driving the success of financial innovation, measured by the percentage share of innovations sold. Firms in London/the south have a significantly greater tendency to innovate, though Scotland also does well. Stock broking, fund management and related activities are more innovative than firms in the financial intermediation and pension/insurance sectors.