Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Contact System of Coagulation during Therapy with High Doses of Recombinant IL-2: Implications for Septic Shock

Summary Patients treated with high doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2) because of cancer, develop hemodynamic and vasopermeability changes, that resemble those observed in sepsis. These patients thus provide a unique opportunity to study the early events in the development of septic shock. We analysed the changes that occurred in the contact system of coagulation in plasma from 4 patients, who together received seven 12-day cycles of high doses of IL-2. Levels of factor XII and prekallikrein during the cycles progressively fell to 50 and 30% of their initial levels, respectively, whereas significant increases in plasma factor XIIa-and kallikrein-C1-inhibitor complexes were not observed (in 3 out of 211 samples slightly increased levels of both complexes were found). The reductions in factor XII and prekallikrein were only in part due to protein leakage, since levels were still significantly lower, i. e. , 80 and 50%, respectively, when corrected for albumin decreases. Levels of high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) also decreased during IL-2 therapy, however, this decrease paralleled that of albumin. SDS-PAGE analysis of plasma HMWK did not reveal increased cleavage of this protein. The reduction of factor XII and prekallikrein, corrected for protein leakage, significantly correlated with albumin levels and inversely with daily cumulative weight gain in the patients. Thus, we demonstrate that factor XII and prekallikrein decrease during IL-2 therapy. As these decreases, already observed after 1 day treatment, were disproportional to that of albumin, a negative acute phase reactant, and correlated with signs of the vascular leak syndrome, we favor the explanation that they reflected activation rather than a decreased synthesis of the contact system proteins. Further studies are needed to substantiate this hypothesis.
Polo-like Kinase Interacts with Proteasomes and Regulates Their Activity 1

The polo-like kinase (Plk) has been shown to be associated with the anaphase-promoting complex at the transition from metaphase to anaphase and to regulate ubiquitination, the process that targets proteins for degradation by proteasomes. In this study, we have identified proteasomal proteins interacting with Plk by mass spectrometry and found that Plk and 20S proteasome subunits could be reversibly immunoprecipitated from both human CA46 cells and HEK 293 cells transfected with HA-Plk. Furthermore, both coprecipitated Plk and baculovirus-expressed Plk were able to phosphorylate proteasome subunits, and metabolic labeling studies indicate that Plk is partially responsible for the phosphorylation of 20S proteasome subunits C9 and C8 in vivo. In addition, phosphorylation of proteasomes by Plk enhanced proteolytic activity toward an artificial substrate Suc-LL-V-Y-AMC in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we were also able to detect Plk associated with 26S proteasomes under certain conditions. Together our results suggest that Plk is an important mitotic regulator of proteasome activity.
Subharmonic Instability Limits for the Peak-Current-Controlled Buck Converter With Closed Voltage Feedback Loop

This paper presents the derivation and experimental verification of the closed-form subharmonic instability condition of the constant-frequency peak-current-controlled buck converter with closed voltage feedback loop. The well-known open-voltage-loop instability condition becomes a special case. The instability limits in the converter parameter space are readily obtained from the result. It is found that closing the voltage feedback loop tends to degrade the stability margin. One can clearly see the effects of all converter parameters (such as the pole, zero, and gain of the voltage-loop compensator, the equivalent series resistance of the output capacitor, the presence of a second output capacitor, and the switch turn-off delay) on the instability.
Computer Assisted Tailored Testing: Examinee Reactions and Evaluations

In the last few years, computer assisted tailored testing has been shown to be technically feasible; the question of its acceptability to examinees therefore assumes increased importance. This report presents the reactions and opinions of 163 examinees who participated in a tailored testing pilot study conducted at the U. S. Civil Service Commission during the fall of 1975. The reactions of the examinees can accurately be summarized as overwhelmingly positive, thus disposing of yet another potential obstacle to the advance of this innovative technique.
Major Cellular and Physiological Impacts of Ocean Acidification on a Reef Building Coral

As atmospheric levels of CO2 increase, reef-building corals are under greater stress from both increased sea surface temperatures and declining sea water pH. To date, most studies have focused on either coral bleaching due to warming oceans or declining calcification due to decreasing oceanic carbonate ion concentrations. Here, through the use of physiology measurements and cDNA microarrays, we show that changes in pH and ocean chemistry consistent with two scenarios put forward by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) drive major changes in gene expression, respiration, photosynthesis and symbiosis of the coral, Acropora millepora, before affects on biomineralisation are apparent at the phenotype level. Under high CO2 conditions corals at the phenotype level lost over half their Symbiodinium populations, and had a decrease in both photosynthesis and respiration. Changes in gene expression were consistent with metabolic suppression, an increase in oxidative stress, apoptosis and symbiont loss. Other expression patterns demonstrate upregulation of membrane transporters, as well as the regulation of genes involved in membrane cytoskeletal interactions and cytoskeletal remodeling. These widespread changes in gene expression emphasize the need to expand future studies of ocean acidification to include a wider spectrum of cellular processes, many of which may occur before impacts on calcification.
Examining Hong Kong students’ achievement goals and their relations with students’ perceived classroom environment and strategy use

This study examined Hong Kong students’ achievement goals and their relations with students’ perceived classroom environment and strategy use based on the multiple goal perspective of goal orientation theory. A total of 925 Grade 8 students from six secondary schools in Hong Kong voluntarily responded to a questionnaire that measured these three sets of variables. Consistent with previous studies using goal orientation theory, the findings of this study indicated that students’ perceived classroom environment was significantly related to their personal achievement goals and strategy use. While mastery goals were found to be the strongest predictor of strategy use, performance‐approach goals and perceived instrumentality also had positive relations with mastery goals and strategy use. Our findings suggest that mastery goals and performance goals were not contrasting goals as conceptualised in normative goal orientation theory. Students with high motivation for both types of goal were more adaptive in learning than were students who pursued a single type of goal. Moreover, the value of adding perceived instrumentality when studying students’ motivation should be emphasised. The implications of these findings for understanding Hong Kong students’ motivation, and for planning effective teaching instruction to enhance their motivation, are discussed.
Comparing The Correlation Length Of Grain Markets In China And France

In economics, comparative analysis plays the same role as experimental research in physics. In this paper, we closely examine several methodological problems related to comparative analysis by investigating the specific example of grain markets in China and France respectively. This enables us to answer a question in economic history which has so far remained pending, namely whether or not market integration progressed in the 18th century. In economics as in physics, before any new result being accepted, it has to be checked and re-checked by different researchers. This is what we call the replication and comparison procedures. We show how these procedures should (and can) be implemented.
Personality similarity and the development of friendship: A longitudinal study

Currently equivocal findings on personality similarity and attraction can be clarified if ‘personality’ and ‘acquaintance’ are recognized as essentially generic concepts rather than single entities. A ‘filtering’ process is proposed to account for longitudinal acquaintance development where ‘personality’ has several different and successive places and where different measures of personality are sequentially appropriate tests of the personality-friendship relationship. A study is reported where 40 previously unacquainted subjects completed three different personality tests and then reported sociometric choices at different points of developing acquaintance (1 month; 3 months; 8 months). Whilst similarity on the CPI mediated sociometric choices at none of these points, similarity on Allport-Vernon Study of Values predicted choices only at Time 2 (P < 0.01), and the Reptest only at Time 3 (P < 0.01). Results are discussed in terms of systematic test of models of partner's personality in acquaintance and it is suggested that a search not for the correct measure of personality but for the relative place of each measure in developing acquaintance will lead towards the resolution of several existing ambiguities in the attraction literature.
Mod-Gaussian convergence: new limit theorems in probability and number theory

Abstract We introduce a new type of convergence in probability theory, which we call “mod-Gaussian convergence”. It is directly inspired by theorems and conjectures, in random matrix theory and number theory, concerning moments of values of characteristic polynomials or zeta functions. We study this type of convergence in detail in the framework of infinitely divisible distributions, and exhibit some unconditional occurrences in number theory, in particular for families of L-functions over function fields in the Katz–Sarnak framework. A similar phenomenon of “mod-Poisson convergence” turns out to also appear in the classical Erdős–Kac Theorem.
Clinicopathological Presentation of Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma with Surgical Management

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a slow growing asymptomatic benign tumor which may induce facial asymmetry. It is an occasional growth of the anterior region of mandible and accounts for 3.1% of all oral tumors and 9.6% of the gingival lesions. About 60% of these tumors occur in maxilla and more than 50% of all cases of maxillary POFs are found in the incisors and canine areas. They are thought to arise from the gingival corium, periosteum or periodontal ligament. Dental calculus, plaque, microorganisms, dental appliances, and restorations are considered to be the irritants triggering the lesion. They can cause separation of the adjacent teeth, resorption of the alveolar crest, esthetic deformity. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision with the removal of the irritating factors. Care must be taken to preserve or reestablish acceptable gingival architecture and periodontal integrity. Here, we present two cases of peripheral ossifying fibroma in left anterior mandible with complete surgical management.
Dialectics, Developmental Contextualism, and the Further Enhancement of Theory about Puberty and Psychosocial Development

Contemporary theory in the study of human development in general and of adolescence in particular emphasizes reciprocal and changing relations between the developing person and his or her changing context. This article analyzes the Adams et al dialectical model of the role of a key component of adolescent development-puberty-in such person-context relations. To interpret the model's meaning and critique its usefulness, the present article considers the place of this formulation within the recent history of theory development in the human developmental sciences. It is argued that dialectics is flawed as a means to understand variation in puberty-context relations because it involves an inherently teleological notion of change; as such, dialectics cannot be used successfully to model the multidirectionality and plasticity of adolescent development. A developmental contextual alternative formulation is presented.
Supplier Short Selling and Customer News

This paper examines whether short sellers exploit information in economically linked firms to undertake profitable trades. Using newly available information on firm-level customer-suppliercompetitor relationships and Reg SHO daily short sales data, we find that the short selling of supplier stock increases with negative post-news customer returns, and that the relation becomes more pronounced in supplier information asymmetry. The results show no relationship between short selling of the upstream supplier and downstream customer news in 3-party economic links, but suggest increased short selling of the supplier’s closest rival based on unfavorable customer news even if the rival is not the customer’s supplier. Finally, short sellers do not trade supplier stock prior to customer news announcements, suggesting evidence of trades based on public information. Overall, these results indicate an information intermediary role of short sellers in economically linked firms.
The Comparative Anatomy and Histology of the Cerebellum From Myxinoids Through Birds

This book was produced posthumously with Jan Jansen of Oslo as editor. This is the first volume of a two-volume reference work, the continuation to be devoted to the cerebellum of mammals. It is a magnificent study to which Dr. Larsell devoted the last ten years of his life and gives every promise of becoming a classic of its kind. In the tradition of our other great works in comparative neurology (Herrick, Kappers, Huber and Crosby), its emphasis is upon structural relations developed in the phylogenetic context. Following a brief introduction which covers the history of the cerebellum and the general principles involved in establishing homologies in the cerebellar lobules between different species, genera orders, and classes, the main text divides into 16 sections covering protovertebrates and vertebrates through the birds. The editorial plan for subdivision of the sections is a wise one, evolving in a systematic fashion as the
A compact model of MOSFET mismatch for circuit design

This paper presents a compact model for MOS transistor mismatch. The mismatch model uses the carrier number fluctuation theory to account for the effects of local doping fluctuations along with an accurate and compact dc MOSFET model. The resulting matching model is valid for any operation condition, from weak to strong inversion, from the linear to the saturation region, and allows the assessment of mismatch from process and geometric parameters. Experimental results from a set of transistors integrated on a 0.35 /spl mu/m technology confirm the accuracy of our mismatch model under various bias conditions.
Raphespinal and reticulospinal axon collaterals to the hypoglossal nucleus in the rat

Neurons in the medial tegmental field project directly to spinal somatic motoneurons and to cranial motoneuron pools such as the hypoglossal nucleus. The axons of these neurons may be highly collateralized, projecting to multiple levels of the spinal cord and to many diverse regions at different levels of the neuraxis. We employed a double fluorescent retrograde tracer technique to examine whether medial tegmental neurons that project to the spinal cord also project to the hypoglossal nucleus. Injections of Diamidino Yellow into the hypoglossal nucleus and Fast Blue into the spinal cord produced large numbers of double labeled neurons in the medial tegmental field, particularly in the caudal raphe nuclei and adjacent ventromedial reticular formation. In these structures the number of neurons projecting to both the hypoglossal nucleus and the spinal cord was equivalent to the number of neurons projecting to multiple levels of the spinal cord observed in control animals. Fewer neurons projecting to both the hypoglossal nucleus and the spinal cord were observed in several other nuclei and subregions of the medial tegmental field, while almost no such neurons were observed in the lateral tegmental field or other pontomedullary structures. These results demonstrate that neurons of the caudal raphe nuclei and adjacent ventromedial reticular formation project to both the spinal cord and the hypoglossal nucleus, and support the concept that the diffuse projections to motoneuron pools from the medial tegmental field globally modulate both spinal and cranial somatic motoneuron excitability. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantifying Search Bias: Investigating Sources of Bias for Political Searches in Social Media

Search systems in online social media sites are frequently used to find information about ongoing events and people. For topics with multiple competing perspectives, such as political events or political candidates, bias in the top ranked results significantly shapes public opinion. However, bias does not emerge from an algorithm alone. It is important to distinguish between the bias that arises from the data that serves as the input to the ranking system and the bias that arises from the ranking system itself. In this paper, we propose a framework to quantify these distinct biases and apply this framework to politics-related queries on Twitter. We found that both the input data and the ranking system contribute significantly to produce varying amounts of bias in the search results and in different ways. We discuss the consequences of these biases and possible mechanisms to signal this bias in social media search systems' interfaces.
Multiple-Beam Equalization Radiography in Chest Radiology; Image Quality and Radiation Dose Considerations

The large difference in transmission between the mediastinum and the part of the chest mainly containing lungs causes major problems in chest radiography. A system for advanced multiple beam equalization radiography has been evaluated. Evaluation of image quality has been performed both using standard phantoms and from clinical radiographs. Measurements of radiation dose burden to the patient have been made both in clinical examinations and using an anthropomorphic phantom. The image quality, in areas with low transmission, is substantially increased using the equalization system. In parts of the chest mainly containing lung tissue, conventional systems show an equal or slightly better image quality. The radiation dose burden to the patient is increased by 25 percent using the equalization system, as compared to a low-dose air-gap system. In our opinion, the slight increase in radiation dose burden is well motivated by the high overall quality of the radiographs produced.
The Effects of Social Capital on Firm Substantive and Symbolic Performance: In the Context of E-Business

This study examines the effects of social capital in the context of e-business and investigates how each of the three dimensions of social capital structural, relational and cognitive differentially influences a firm's substantive and symbolic performance. The study explores how structural capital and cognitive capital indirectly affect firm performance through relational capital. The research model is generally supported by data collected from a survey of 205 firms in China. The results suggest that structural and relational capital positively influence substantive and symbolic performance, respectively. However, cognitive capital does not have significant effects on substantive performance, though it positively affects symbolic performance. Also, the study found that structural capital and relational capital have stronger effects on substantive performance than symbolic performance. In contrast, cognitive capital has stronger effects on symbolic performance than substantive performance. Further, both structural capital and cognitive capital positively affect relational capital.
Cooperation between dealate queens during colony foundation in the green tree ant, Oecophylla smaragdina

Colony reproduction in ants typically occurs through the foundation of a new nest by a single mated queen (haplometrosis), but sometimes involves several cooperating queens (pleometrosis). Pleometrosis enables successful colony foundation under adverse conditions (reviewed by Rissing and Pollock 1988), but it is not necessarily followed by polygyny once the colony has become established. There exist two species of Oecophylla, both of which are conspicuous arboreal ants who weave living leaves into nests using larval silk. Although mature colonies can be extremely populous (half a million workers) and can be made up of hundreds of nests in many adjoining trees (H611dobler and Wilson 1977, H611dobler 1983), they are strictly monogynous (e.g. H611dobler and Wilson 1983a, Greenslade 1971). Early observations on colony reproduction in the Asio-Australian species O. smaragdina by Dodd (1902) and Maxwell-Lefroy and Howlett (1909:233) have led to the assumption that a new colony is established by a single queen. However, various observations on the African species O. longinoda suggest that it is pleometrotic. Richards (1969) observed a group of dealate queens together with many eggs and larvae on a window ledge, and Ledoux (1950) failed to collect single foundresses with brood. Here we document for the first time pleometrosis in O. smaragdina, and this behavior is discussed in the context of the monogynous state of established colonies.
Effects of two types of phonological awareness training on word learning in kindergarten children.

The effects of two types of oral-language training programs on development of phonological awareness skills and word learning ability was examined. One of the training programs provided explicit instruction on both analytic (segmenting) and synthetic (blending) phonological tasks; the other program trained synthetic skills only. Effects of these programs were contrasted with a language-experience control group that received no phonologically oriented training. Forty-eight kindergarten children participated in small-group training sessions 3 times per week for 7-8 weeks
Keeping count: Leveraging temporal context to count heavily overlapping objects

When tracking and segmenting multiple objects under heavy occlusion, a large class of algorithms can greatly benefit from a preprocessing that reliably assesses the number of individuals in each cluster. This is a difficult task when relying on local information only, due to scarcity of training examples and lack of strongly predictive features. In this paper, we develop a deterministic graphical model to address the problem of counting the number of objects in each foreground region as global inference across the entire video sequence. We show that global inference improves over local predictions, and is able to produce an accurate and coherent output within an useful runtime.
Current evaluations of information technology in health care are often inadequate

EDITOR,—Kenneth J Rothman questions whether there is any point in using a placebo group if blind assessment can be achieved in a comparative trial of two active treatments.1 He minimises both the practical advantages of placebo controlled trials and their advantages for hypothesis testing. The limitations of statistical hypothesis testing mean that the probability of an inferential error is known if one is rejecting the null hypothesis but not if one is accepting it.2 The probability of a type II error in equivalence …