Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empowering learners with tools in CS education: Physical computing in secondary schools

Abstract In computer science, computer systems are both, objects of investigation and tools that enable creative learning and design. Tools for learning have a long tradition in computer science education. Already in the late 1960s, Papert developed a concept which had an immense impact on the development of informal education in the following years: his theory of constructionism understands learning as a creative process of knowledge construction that is most effective when learners create something purposeful that they can try out, show around, discuss, analyse and receive praise for. By now, there are numerous learning and programming environments that are based on the constructionist ideas. Modern tools offer opportunities for students to learn in motivating ways and gain impressive results in programming games, animations, implementing 3D models or developing interactive objects. This article gives an overview of computer science education research related to tools and media to be used in educational settings. We analyse different types of tools with a special focus on the categorization and development of tools for student adequate physical computing activities in the classroom. Research around the development and evaluation of tools and learning resources in the domain of physical computing is illustrated with the example of “My Interactive Garden”, a constructionist learning and programming environment. It is explained how the results from empirical studies are integrated in the continuous development of the learning material.
Gender modification and resource allocation in subdioecious Wurmbea dioica (Colchicaceae)

1 Populations of subdioecious species contain female, male and cosexual plants. Here we investigate factors influencing gender expression and patterns of resource allocation among the sex phenotypes in subdioecious populations of the diminutive geophyte Wurmbea dioica (Colchicaceae) from the Australian Capital Territory, south‐east Australia.
Association of Place of Residence and Under-Five Mortality in Middle- and Low-Income Countries: A Meta-Analysis

This review evaluated the association of place of residence (urban/rural) and under-five mortality in middle- and low-income countries. Both English and Spanish language studies conducted during the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) period (1990 to 2015) were reviewed. Twenty-six cross-sectional studies, all in the English language, were selected for further review. Published data were used for this analysis. A funnel plot was produced to ascertain the presence of publication bias. The combined relative risk for under-five mortality was estimated using a random-effects model and a meta-regression was conducted on 15 of the 26 studies. The studies had a combined effect size of 1.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.27–1.67). The results of the meta-regression showed a positive association between the relative risk and the percentage of the rural population for the various regions/countries. The coefficient for the variable rural population percentage was 0.007, indicating that for every one percent increase in the rural population percentage, there was a 0.007 increase in the relative risk for under-five mortality. However, this was not significant (p-value = 0.3). Rural disadvantage persists in middle- and low-income countries. This is important to evaluate policies and programmes designed to remove the gap in under-five mortality rates between urban and rural areas.
Must Figure-Ground Organization Precede Object Recognition? An Assumption in Peril

The assumption that figure-ground segmentation must precede object or shape recognition has been central to theories of visual perception We showed that assumption to be incorrect in an experiment in which observers reported the first perceived figure-ground organization of briefly exposed stimuli depicting two regions sharing a figure-ground border We manipulated the symmetry of the two regions and their orientation-dependent denotivity (roughly, their meaningfulness), and measured how each of these variables influenced figure-ground reports when the stimuli were exposed for 14, 28, 57, 86, or 100 ms, and followed immediately by a mask Influences on figure-ground organization from both symmetry and orientation-dependent object recognition processes were found, both were observed first in the 28-ms condition Object recognition inputs did not dominate symmetry inputs We suggest that object recognition processes may operate simultaneously on both sides of edges detected before figure-ground relationships are determined
Producing competitive advantage from an infrastructure technology: The case of cloud computing

ABSTRACT To determine the viability of cloud computing as a source of competitive advantage, we integrate the theory of diffusion of innovations and the theory of dynamic capabilities to synthesize the strengths of these theories into a framework. The theoretical framework with 13 propositions would enhance conceptual understanding of strategic initialization of cloud computing and its outcomes and should serve as a foundation for further theoretical and empirical investigations.
Masspersonal communication: A model bridging the mass-interpersonal divide

Theoretical discussions about the false dichotomy between interpersonal and mass communication scholarship continue while the emergence of powerful and flexible digital communication tools have made the old distinctions more permeable than ever. Individuals are using communication technologies in ways that expand the intersection of interpersonal communication and mass communication, calling for new frameworks. We introduce masspersonal communication as a concept at the intersections of mass and interpersonal communication, with examples from older and newer communication technologies and practices. The masspersonal communication model is introduced incorporating two dimensions—perceived message accessibility and message personalization—that link mass communication and interpersonal communication and redefine each independent of channel.
The efficacy of carburizing compounds with different carbon source and added industrial energizers for surface treatment of mild steel for mechanical property improvement

The fixed carbon in different carbon sources in most cases is not the same. The carbon concentration in wood charcoal, is not the same with coa, l and neither is it the same with bone charcoal or sugar cane charcoal. Carbon availability at the surface of mild steel which at high temperature normally provide nascent carbon during pack carburization determines the success of carbon diffusion into the steel surface at austenite temperature. Carbon source with higher fixed carbon will definitely make more carbon available at the steel surface than sources with low amount of carbon. Energizers raise the carbon potential of the carburizing pack making a difference in the efficacy of the process; leading to higher case depth than when only carbon source is used1‒5 It might be interesting to find out how different carbon sources might influence casehardening with or without the presence of industrial energizers in the carburizing compounds.
Biochemical Studies on Bio Extracts as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity

Biochemical Evaluated of some bio extracts as follows: Chemical composition and Phytochemical screening were determined in Tilia Cordata and Vitex Agnus leaves. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of Tilia Cordata leaves have the highest of total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, which were 126.00mgGAE/g and 15.88mgQE/g, followed by Vitex Agnus leaves, which were 119.77mgGAE/g and 13.41mgQE/g, respectively. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of plants leaves were antioxidant activity by used (FRAP, LPO, DPPH and ABTS) The methanolic extract of Tilia Cordata and Vitex Agnus leaves, have the highest of reducing power which were 1.649 and 1.018 at the concentrations of 80mg/ml, respectively. Also, by used (LPO, DPPH and ABTS), were the highest antioxidants activity for methanolic extract respectively. Moreover, the methanolic extract of Tilia Cordata leaves produced the highest growth inhibition (18 and 17mm) for against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtillis at 4mg/ml, respectively. While, The methanolic extract of Vitex Agnus produced the medium percentage of growth inhibition (10.5, 9.75 and 10mm) for against Escherichia coli, St.coccus aureus and Bacillus subtillis at 4mg/ml, respectively. And compared with antibiotic. This study concluded that Tilia Cordata and Vitex Agnus leaves extract has an antioxidant and antibacterial activity.
FoxP2 Expression in a Highly Vocal Teleost Fish with Comparisons to Tetrapods

Motivated by studies of speech deficits in humans, several studies over the past two decades have investigated the potential role of a forkhead domain transcription factor, FoxP2, in the central control of acoustic signaling/vocalization among vertebrates. Comparative neuroanatomical studies that mainly include mammalian and avian species have mapped the distribution of FoxP2 expression in multiple brain regions that imply a greater functional significance beyond vocalization that might be shared broadly across vertebrate lineages. To date, reports for teleost fish have been limited in number and scope to nonvocal species. Here, we map the neuroanatomical distribution of FoxP2 mRNA expression in a highly vocal teleost, the plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus). We report an extensive overlap between FoxP2 expression and vocal, auditory, and steroid-signaling systems with robust expression at multiple sites in the telencephalon, the preoptic area, the diencephalon, and the midbrain. Label was far more restricted in the hindbrain though robust in one region of the reticular formation. A comparison with other teleosts and tetrapods suggests an evolutionarily conserved FoxP2 phenotype important to vocal-acoustic and, more broadly, sensorimotor function among vertebrates.
A comparison study of an elementary school-based health center: effects on health care access and use.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of an elementary school-based health center (SBHC) on access to and the use of physical and mental health services by children aged 4 to 13 years. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort analysis of parent surveys from a comparable intervention (SBHC) and a comparison of urban elementary schools. INTERVENTION Elementary SBHC services, including preventive physical health care; the care of minor short-term illnesses, injuries, and stable ongoing medical conditions, dental screenings; and mental health counseling. PARTICIPANTS All parents of students at both schools were asked to complete a survey. Return rates on the survey were 78.3% (570/728) and 77.0% (440/571) at the intervention and comparison schools, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The use of health services, access to health services, and health service satisfaction. RESULTS Compared with respondents at comparison schools, respondents whose children had access to an SBHC had less difficulty (P = .01) receiving physical health care for their children, ie, treatment of illnesses and injuries, immunizations, and physical examinations (odds ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.91). Access to an SBHC was independently and significantly related to less emergency department use (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.99; P<.05), a greater likelihood of having had a physician's visit since the school year began (odds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.39-2.65; P<.01), and a greater likelihood of having had an annual dental examination (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.83; P<.05). Measured by a 12-item scale, respondents who reported the SBHC as their most-used health service were significantly more satisfied with their service than respondents who mostly used community clinics (z=-5.21; P<.01) or hospital clinics (z=-4.03; P<.01). CONCLUSIONS Independent of insurance status and other confounding variables, underserved minority children with SBHC access have better health care access and use than children without SBHC access, signifying that SBHCs can be an effective component of health delivery systems for these children.
Application of the Asymmetric Pictet–Spengler Reaction in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products and Relevant Biologically Active Compounds

Tetrahydroisoquinolines are the framework of numerous natural products predominantly alkaloids, an important and one of the most wide spread families of naturally occurring compounds in the plant kingdom. Tetrahydroisoquinolines are commonly constructed through an old reaction, the so-called Pictet–Spengler Reaction (PSR). In this reaction, a β-aryl ethylamine undergoes an acid mediated condensation with a suitable aldehyde or ketone, followed by ring closure. In this review, we aim to highlight the applications of the asymmetric variant of this old name reaction in the total synthesis of natural products, chiefly, alkaloids, which exhibit significant biological properties.
Absorptive capacity and relationship learning mechanisms as complementary drivers of green innovation performance

Purpose This paper aims to explore in depth how internal and external knowledge-based drivers actually affect the firms’ green innovation performance. Subsequently, this study analyzes the relationships between absorptive capacity (internal knowledge-based driver), relationship learning (external knowledge-based driver) and green innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach This study relies on a sample of 112 firms belonging to the Spanish automotive components manufacturing sector (ACMS) and uses partial least squares path modeling to test the hypotheses proposed. Findings The empirical results show that both absorptive capacity and relationship learning exert a significant positive effect on the dependent variable and that relationship learning moderates the link between absorptive capacity and green innovation performance. Research limitations/implications This paper presents some limitations with respect to the particular sector (i.e. the ACMS) and geographical context (Spain). For this reason, researchers must be thoughtful while generalizing these results to distinct scenarios. Practical implications Managers should devote more time and resources to reinforce their absorptive capacity as an important strategic tool to generate new knowledge and hence foster green innovation performance in manufacturing industries. Social implications The paper shows the importance of encouraging decision-makers to cultivate and rely on relationship learning mechanisms with their main stakeholders and to acquire the necessary information and knowledge that might be valuable in the maturity of green innovations. Originality/value This study proposes that relationship learning plays a moderating role in the relationship between absorptive capacity and green innovation performance.
Correspondence of potentials of mean force in proteins and in liquids

The concept of potential of mean force (PMF) is now widely used in predicting protein structures. Proteins notably differ from liquids by their inhomogeneity and chain connectivity. Does meaningful correspondence exist between PMFs in proteins and PMFs in liquids? This question was addressed in this article. We constructed “proteins” each with 90 residues selected from a system of 500 hard spheres. The residues were of two types, N and P. They interact among themselves (with energies ENN, EPP, ENP) and the 410 “solvent” spheres (with energies ENS and EPS). Out of the 500 hard spheres, we first identified all chains consisting of 90 residues that have appropriate distances between nearest neighbors. The conformation of a protein was selected as the one having the lowest total energy among the 3.7 million chains. A corresponding liquid system was constructed without imposing distance constraints among solute spheres. The PMFs obtained from the proteins and the liquid system show remarkable similarities. For.
How obstacles and facilitators predict academic performance: the mediating role of study burnout and engagement

Abstract Most people would agree with the maxim that “success breeds success. ” However, this is not the whole story. The current study investigated the additional impact of psychosocial factors (i.e., performance obstacles and facilitators) as well as psychological well-being (i.e., burnout and engagement) on success (i.e., academic performance). More specifically, our purpose was to show that, instead of directly affecting future performance, obstacles and facilitators exert an indirect effect via well-being. A total of 527 university students comprised the sample and filled out a questionnaire. We obtained their previous and future academic performance Grade Point Average (GPA) from the university's records. Structural equations modeling showed that the best predictor of future performance was the students’ previous performance. As expected, study engagement mediated the relationship between performance obstacles and facilitators on the one hand, and future performance on the other. Contrary to expectations, burnout did not predict future performance, although, it is significantly associated with the presence of obstacles and the absence of facilitators. Our results illustrate that, although “success breeds success” (i.e., the best predictor of future performance is past performance), positive psychological states like study engagement are also important in explaining future performance, at least more so than negative states like study burnout.
Multisensory Integration in Complete Unawareness

Multisensory integration is thought to require conscious perception. Although previous studies have shown that an invisible stimulus could be integrated with an audible one, none have demonstrated integration of two subliminal stimuli of different modalities. Here, pairs of identical or different audiovisual target letters (the sound /b/ with the written letter “b” or “m,” respectively) were preceded by pairs of masked identical or different audiovisual prime digits (the sound /6/ with the written digit “6” or “8,” respectively). In three experiments, awareness of the audiovisual digit primes was manipulated, such that participants were either unaware of the visual digit, the auditory digit, or both. Priming of the semantic relations between the auditory and visual digits was found in all experiments. Moreover, a further experiment showed that unconscious multisensory integration was not obtained when participants did not undergo prior conscious training of the task. This suggests that following conscious learning, unconscious processing suffices for multisensory integration.
Screening for Anticandidal and Antibiofilm Activity of Some Herbs in Thailand

Purpose: To evaluate the anticandidal activity of the ethanol extracts of 12 herbs from Thailand. Methods: The herbs studied were Alpinia galanga, Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria, Mentha cordifolia, Ocimum africanum, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum sanctum, Piper betle, Piper chaba, Piper nigrum, Piper sarmentosum and Zingiber officinale. Various Candida spp. were examined for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) using microdilution method; time-kill assay was also used to assess the plants. Antibiofilm activity was investigated using a 3-[4, 5dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT assay). Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, thin layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprinting and TLC-bioautography were used to determine the active anticandidal compounds. Results: All tested herbs, except extracts of P. nigrum and Limiaceae family, showed varying zones of inhibition against Candida albicans ATCC 90028. P. betle revealed the strongest anticandidal activity against all tested strains with MIC ranging from 1.56 to 3.13 mg/ml, and MFC from 3.13 to 8.33 mg/ml. Killing activity depended on time and concentrations of the extract. The concentration of P. betle extract required to inhibit ≥ 90 % biofilm formation of C. albicans ATCC 90028 was 3.13 ± 0.15 mg/ml, while that to remove ≥ 90 % biofilm growth was 12.50 ± 0.69 mg/ml. The result of GC-MS analysis showed the major compound of P. betle extract responsible for anticandidal activity as 4-chromanol. Conclusion: P. betle extract contains 4-chromanol which is a good potential anticandidal agent for the treatment of oral infectious diseases caused by certain Candida spp.
Marginal fit of class II cavities restored with bulk-fill composites

Purpose To evaluate the marginal integrity of three types of bulk-fill composite resins in class II cavities. Materials and methods Simple class II cavities with parallel walls were prepared in 40 extracted human sound molars were selected. The overall dimensions and depth of the cavities were standardized as follow: 4 mm length occlusocervically, 4 mm width buccolingually and 2 mm depth axially. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): group 1: Tetric N-Bond Universal and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill composite; group 2: Single Bond Universal and Filtek Bulk Fill posterior composite; group 3: Futurabond U and Admira Fusion X-Tra; group 4: Tetric N-Bond Universal and Tetric EvoCeram composite. All samples were thermocycled for 600 cycles. Impressions of the teeth were made using a polyvinyl siloxane then poured with epoxy resin. These replicas gold sputtered and examined under scanning electron microscopy. Results Group 3 recorded the lowest mean marginal gap length value, while group 4 recorded the highest mean marginal gap length value. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the tested groups at a level of significance (P ≤ 0.001). For width of proximal gap the lowest mean marginal gap length value found in group 3, while the highest mean value of gap width proximally found in group 1. In width of cervical gap the lowest mean marginal gap length value was found in group 3, while the highest mean value of gap width cervically found in group 4. One-way analysis of variance test was used to compare the tested groups at a level of significance (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Admira Fusion X-Tra has good results compared to other used bulk fill and conventional composites.
Scintillation efficiency of liquid argon in low energy neutron-argon scattering

Experiments searching for weak interacting massive particles with noble gases such as liquid argon require very low detection thresholds for nuclear recoils. A determination of the scintillation efficiency is crucial to quantify the response of the detector at low energy. We report the results obtained with a small liquid argon cell using a monoenergetic neutron beam produced by a deuterium-deuterium fusion source. The light yield relative to electrons was measured for six argon recoil energies between 11 and 120 keV at zero electric drift field.
Single-Port Laparoscopy-Assisted Appendectomy in Children : A Method Described

Single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) has gained popularity in children, and several different techniques have been described, including intracorporeal and extracorporeal techniques and single-channel and multi-channel single-port techniques. However, there has been a concern that exteriorizing an infected appendix through the umbilical channel would increase the risk of postoperative wound infections. This report aims to describe a technique for single-port laparoscopy-assisted appendectomy (SPLAA) using an operative laparoscope and conventional laparoscopic instruments, as well as a VersaStep™ sheath to protect the wound edge while removing the appendix from the abdomen.