Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variants from Lipid-Related Pathways and Risk for Incident Myocardial Infarction

Background Circulating lipids levels, as well as several familial lipid metabolism disorders, are strongly associated with initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). Objectives We hypothesized that genetic variants associated with circulating lipid levels would also be associated with MI incidence, and have tested this in three independent samples. Setting and Subjects Using age- and sex-adjusted additive genetic models, we analyzed 554 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 41 candidate gene regions proposed to be involved in lipid-related pathways potentially predisposing to incidence of MI in 2,602 participants of the Swedish Twin Register (STR; 57% women). All associations with nominal P<0.01 were further investigated in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; N = 1,142). Results In the present study, we report associations of lipid-related SNPs with incident MI in two community-based longitudinal studies with in silico replication in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. Overall, there were 9 SNPs in STR with nominal P-value <0.01 that were successfully genotyped in ULSAM. rs4149313 located in ABCA1 was associated with MI incidence in both longitudinal study samples with nominal significance (hazard ratio, 1.36 and 1.40; P-value, 0.004 and 0.015 in STR and ULSAM, respectively). In silico replication supported the association of rs4149313 with coronary artery disease in an independent meta-analysis including 173,975 individuals of European descent from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (odds ratio, 1.03; P-value, 0.048). Conclusions rs4149313 is one of the few amino acid changing variants in ABCA1 known to associate with reduced cholesterol efflux. Our results are suggestive of a weak association between this variant and the development of atherosclerosis and MI.
Emotional Intelligence in Undergraduate Accounting Students: Preliminary Assessment

Abstract There is a growing recognition among researchers and practitioners that the workplace is not the strictly cognitively-managed environment it was once assumed to be. Emotions play a large role in organizational life, and emotional intelligence (the ability to recognize, use and manage emotions) has become a skill that may allow accountants to perform better in a variety of areas such as leadership, client relations, and perhaps even decision-making. In addition, it is a skill that employers seem to value and that may be important to personal development as well. Thus, accounting education must attempt to inculcate emotional intelligence in its graduates in addition to technical knowledge. This paper investigates the level of emotional intelligence of accounting students using the MSCEIT, an instrument that measures ability rather than acquired competencies. The results show that the level of emotional intelligence of the students in the sample could be a concern. There is no evidence that one term of traditional accounting education can be expected to provide an opportunity for improvement. Thus, attempts to increase the emotional intelligence of the students may require targeted educational interventions.
Lubricants in Pharmaceutical Solid Dosage Forms

Lubrication plays a key role in successful manufacturing of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms; lubricants are essential ingredients in robust formulations to achieve this. Although many failures in pharmaceutical manufacturing operations are caused by issues related to lubrication, in general, lubricants do not gain adequate attention in the development of pharmaceutical formulations. In this paper, the fundamental background on lubrication is introduced, in which the relationships between lubrication and friction/adhesion forces are discussed. Then, the application of lubrication in the development of pharmaceutical products and manufacturing processes is discussed with an emphasis on magnesium stearate. In particular, the effect of its hydration state (anhydrate, monohydrate, dihydrate, and trihydrate) and its powder characteristics on lubrication efficiency, as well as product and process performance is summarized. In addition, the impact of lubrication on the dynamics of compaction/compression processes and on the mechanical properties of compacts/tablets is presented. Furthermore, the online monitoring of magnesium stearate in a blending process is briefly mentioned. Finally, the chemical compatibility of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with magnesium stearate and its reactive impurities is reviewed with examples from the literature illustrating the various reaction mechanisms involved.
Core auditory processing deficits in primary progressive aphasia

The extent to which deficits in non-verbal auditory processing contribute to the clinical phenotype of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is unclear. Grube et al. reveal impairments in processing the timing of brief sequences of non-linguistic stimuli, particularly in the non-fluent variant, indicative of a core central auditory impairment in PPA.
Is Sadness an Evolutionarily Conserved Brain Mechanism to Dampen Reward Seeking? Depression May Be a “Sadness Disorder”

work operationalizing global relational models. Journal of Research in Personality, 41: 90–109. Spitz, R. A. (1946). Anaclitic depression. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 2: 313–342. Steele, H. , Steele, M. , & Fonagy, P. (1996). Associations among attachment classifications of mothers, fathers, and their infants. Child Development, 67: 541–555. Thase, M. E. (2007). Recognition and diagnosis of atypical depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 68 (Suppl. 3): 11–16. Ursano, R. J. (2004). Editor’s note. Psychiatry, 67: 309. Van Houdenhove, B. , Van Den Eede, F. , & Luyten, P. (2009). Does hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hypofunction in chronic fatigue syndrome reflect a “crash” in the stress system? Medical Hypotheses, 2, 701–705. Weissman, A. N. , & Beck, A. T. (1978). Development and Validation of the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale: A Preliminary Investigation. Paper presented at the 86th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Toronto (August–September). Wirtz, P. H. , Elsenbruch, S. , Emini, L. , Rüdisüli, K. , Groessbauer, S. , & Ehlert, U. (2007). Perfectionism and the cortisol response to psychosocial stress in men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69: 249–255.
Kähler groups, quasi‐projective groups and 3‐manifold groups

We prove two results relating 3‐manifold groups to fundamental groups occurring in complex geometry. Let N be a compact, connected, orientable 3‐manifold. If N has non‐empty, toroidal boundary and π1(N) is a Kähler group, then N is the product of a torus with an interval. On the other hand, if N has either empty or toroidal boundary, and π1(N) is a quasi‐projective group, then all the prime components of N are graph manifolds.
Effects of Race and Gender on Teachers' Perception of the Social Behavior of Elementary Students

This article examines the combined effects of race and gender on teachers' perceptions of students' social behaviors. A sample of 984 Black and White teachers who rated 6- to 11-year-old Black and White children was drawn from the data of Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC). Analysis of covariance was conducted separately for White and Black male and female teachers at three levels: overall, subscale, and item levels. Findings suggest that teachers' perceptions of student social behaviors are a result of complex interactions of students 'and teachers 'race and gender Female teachers perceived female students more positively regardless of teachers' race. White female teachers perceived White students more positively the same way that they perceived White male students more positively than Black male students, but Black female teachers made no distinction. Cultural congruence theory is applied to interpret the findings, and three major recommendations are made.
Still stable after all these years? Personality stability theory revisited.

Costa and McCrae maintain that personality is basically stable after age 30. Other researchers, however, find that personality tends to change over time and that personality stability depends on the stability of the social environment and the instruments used to test personality stability and change. A meta-analysis of 206 personality stability coefficients reported in the literature fails to support personality stability theory. Personality tends to be less stable if the retest interval is large, if age at first measurement is low or over 50, and if a change in individual aspects of personality rather than overall personality is measured. Moreover, studies assessing any of the big five NEO personality traits and studies by Costa, McCrae, and colleagues tend to find higher personality stability coefficients. It is suggested that personality stability and change cannot be studied meaningfully without simultaneously examining stability and change in the social environment.
Cyanate‐Impaired Angiogenesis: Association With Poor Coronary Collateral Growth in Patients With Stable Angina and Chronic Total Occlusion

Background Cyanate has recently gained attention for its role in the pathogenesis of vascular injury. Nonetheless, the effect of cyanate on angiogenesis remains unclear. Methods and Results In this study, we demonstrated that oral administration of cyanate impaired blood perfusion recovery in a mouse hind‐limb ischemia model. A reduction in blood perfusion recovery at day 21 was observed in the ischemic tissue of cyanate‐treated mice. Likewise, there were fewer capillaries in the ischemic hind‐limb tissue of cyanate‐exposed mice. Our in vitro study showed that cyanate, together with its carbamylated products, inhibited the migration, proliferation, and tube‐formation abilities of endothelial cells. Further research revealed that cyanate regulated angiogenesis partly by interrupting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt pathway. The serum concentrations of homocitrulline, a marker of cyanate exposure, were determined in 117 patients with stable angina and chronic total occlusion. Consistent with the antiangiogenic role of cyanate, homocitrulline levels were increased in patients with poor coronary collateralization (n=58) compared with those with high collateralization (n=59; 21.09±13.08 versus 15.54±9.02 ng/mL, P=0.009). In addition, elevated homocitrulline concentration was a strong predictor of poor coronary collateral growth. Conclusions Impaired angiogenesis induced by cyanate might contribute to poor coronary collateral growth.
Reciprocity in Caring Labor: Nurses’ Work in Residential Aged Care in Australia

Feminist economists identify reciprocity as a motivation for both paid and unpaid caring work. In general, reciprocity describes people responding to each other in similar ways, either benevolently or harmfully. The quality of care is potentially increased when care relationships are motivated by positive and generalized forms of reciprocity and decreased with negative forms of reciprocity. This study draws on nursing literature and two qualitative studies in Australian residential aged care facilities, conducted in 2002–3 and 2009, to identify a new form called “professional reciprocity. ” This form of reciprocity involves deliberate and skilled relational work by nurses to facilitate mutual and interdependent exchanges with care recipients that are beneficial to both care recipients and nurses. This study argues that professional reciprocity, as a skill that can be taught, is important for achieving quality care and workers’ job satisfaction.
Variation in the Spoken French of Immersion Students: To ne or not to ne, That Is the Sociolinguistic Question

This paper investigates a case of linguistic variation observable in the spoken French of students from French immersion programs in Ontario, namely alternation between negative constructions with and without the negative particle ne (e.g., II ne comprend pas vs. II (θ) comprend pas, 'he does not understand. ') Our students' use of ne is markedly more frequent than that documented in previous studies of both Canadian francophones and Irish FSL speakers. Our students clearly favour the standard variant (ne usage). We also found that our students vary their frequency of ne usage/non-usage to reflect their own socioeconomic background and gender, but that they do not shift their level of ne non-usage in accordance with topic formality. Our findings suggest that the learning of even a mildly marked non-standard variant, like ne non-usage, requires a minimum of interactions with francophones, especially if such a variant is not explicitly taught by immersion educators.
Tjunguwiyanytja, Attacks on Linking: Forced Separation and its Psychiatric Sequelae in Australia’s ‘Stolen Generations’

From 1914 to the late 1960s, large numbers of Australian Aboriginal children were forcibly removed from their families and communities and placed in institutional foster care. Recently, attention has focused on the long-term mental health consequence of these forced separations. We describe the symptomatology of a group of nine adult members of the Australian Aboriginal ‘Stolen Generations’ selected for psychiatric examination for legal purposes. Interviews were conducted to Present Mental State Examination standard, using a culturally sensitive reflective listening mode. Interviewees also completed the Goldberg Shorter Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (GSADQ). The clinical picture shared by all interviewees was consistent with contemporary understanding of the harmful impact of chronic trauma on the developing self. All reported high levels of distress on the GSADQ (means: Anxiety 8.6, Depression 7.8, total 16.4). The symptomatology fit diagnostic constructs of ‘complex PTSD, depressive type,’ with disorders of self-organization, and marked somatizing features. Specific issues of cultural identity conflict were also salient. Indigenous Australian cultures view links to kinship networks (walytja), land (ngura), and myth and ritual (tjukurpa), as central to emotional and psychological well-being. All the members of our sample felt that it was precisely these linkages that had been attacked by the process of removal and deculturation, and that this was the cause of many of their problems. We also consider the larger question ‘how can this happen in a liberal society? ’ in terms of Bion’s notions of ‘attacks on linking.
Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1), Variant SGI1-I, and New Variant SGI1-O in Proteus mirabilis Clinical and Food Isolates from China

ABSTRACT Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) and variants (SGI1-I and the new variant SGI1-O) were mapped in five strains of Proteus mirabilis isolated from humans and food in China. Sequencing showed that SGI1 and variants were integrated at the 3′ end of the chromosomal thdF gene as previously described for Salmonella strains.
Changing the Agenda for Research into Students' Views about University Teaching: Four shortcomings of SRT research

Despite the increasing use of student ratings of teaching in higher education as an indicator of teaching quality, issues pertaining to the validity and reliability, rather than how best to use student ratings continue to dominate the research agenda for this topic. It is important to be aware of biases in ratings, but after 75 years of research and debate, it seems unlikely that academics will ever agree on whether student ratings should be used in promotion and tenure decisions. There is sufficient agreement, however, that they are useful for teaching improvement purposes. This article argues for a shift in emphasis of research, as there are unresolved and emerging issues that research has not yet explored sufficiently. Four shortcomings of student ratings are identified as in need of this attention in order to increase the practical usefulness of student ratings.
Social Control and Youth Suicidality: Situating Durkheim's Ideas in a Multilevel Framework

Although the suicide rate among U.S. youth between the ages of 10 to 24 dramatically increased during the past 50 years, little research has examined this outcome within larger social contexts of the adolescent environment. Relying on Durkheim's theory of social integration, we examine the effect of individual- and structural-level social integration on adolescents' suicidality. Using a sample of 6,369 respondents within 314 neighborhoods, we examine the assumptions that high levels of religious, familial, neighborhood, and school integration are associated with fewer suicide attempts among youths. We find support for the traditional Durkheimian assumptions; specifically, the proportion of religiously conservative residents in a neighborhood reduces youths' risk of attempting suicide, as do individual-level controls of school and parental attachment. Moreover, we find evidence for a cross-level interaction between depression and neighborhood level of religiosity. Depression increases youths' risk of attempting suicide, but in places where religion is very important, this positive effect of depression is diminished.
Assessment of plasma fibronectin in malnourished Nigerian children.

BACKGROUND Severe malnutrition is associated with septic infections. The concentrations of fibronectin, albumin, and transferrin in plasma were measured in three groups of children with protein-energy malnutrition, aged 1-3 years, each group comprising 20 children. The aim of which was to test whether plasma fibronectin, being an opsonic protein, was reduced in such children, and if it was a useful index for assessing the severity of malnutrition. METHODS The concentrations of fibronectin, albumin, and transferrin in plasma were studied by enzyme immunoassay/ immunoblotting, spectrophotometry and immunoturbidimetry respectively. RESULTS All values were significantly lower in the patients with malnutrition than in the age- and sex-matched well-nourished Nigerian reference children. Within the malnourished group, the fibronectin value was evenly reduced in all subgroups. Albumin and transferrin values were lowest in the patients with kwashiorkor, highest in the marasmic patients, and intermediate in the patients with marasmic kwashiorkor; the values correlated mutually in individual cases as well, but not with the fibronectin levels. Neither plasma fibronectin fragmentation nor tissue fibronectin was detected in any patient with malnutrition or in the reference subjects. CONCLUSIONS The reduced plasma fibronectin values in these patients may be due to reduced synthesis by the liver, as evidenced by the equally reduced albumin and transferrin concentrations and/or to the multiple infections characteristic of the patients.
Diets of savanna ungulates from stable carbon isotope composition of faeces

Hypotheses to explain diversity among African ungulates focus largely on niche separation along a browser/grazer continuum. However, a number of studies advocate that the browser/grazer distinction insufficiently describes the full extent of dietary variation that occurs within and between taxa. Disparate classification schemes exist because of a lack of uniform and reliable data for many taxa, and failure to incorporate spatio-temporal variations into broader assessments of diet. In this study, we tested predictions for diet and dietary niche separation of African savanna ungulates using stable carbon isotope evidence from faeces for proportions of C3 (browse) to C4 (grass) intake among 19 species from the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Dietary predictions from the literature are confirmed in the case of browsers (black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis, giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis, bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus, kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros), mixed-feeders (impala Aepyceros melampus, nyala Tragelaphus angasii), and most grazers (white rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum, Burchell’s zebra Equus burchellii, warthog Phacochoerus africanus, hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius, blue wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus, tsessebe Damaliscus lunatus, waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus). In contrast, several species showed results differing from most expectations derived from the available literature, including eland Taurotragus oryx, steenbok Raphicerus campestris, grey duiker Sylvicapra grimmia, buffalo Syncerus caffer, roan antelope Hippotragus equinus and sable antelope Hippotragus niger. Many of these discrepancies can be accounted for by seasonal and/or regional dietary differences. Cluster analysis based on a data matrix that incorporates the extent of spatio-temporal dietary variation among Kruger Park ungulates reveals several distinct categories of feeding preferences that extend beyond a two-edged browser/grazer dichotomy, such as mixed-feeders with a preference for either forage class, and spatial/seasonal shifts between uniform and mixed-feeding styles among variable browsers (e.g. grey duiker) and variable grazers (e.g. buffalo). These results highlight the need for approaches that are sensitive to spatio-temporal variations and the continuity of diet.
Neurobiological substrates of communicator style

This study investigated differences in brain structures, as reflected in hemispheric laterality, and sex on communicator style preferences. Handedness, familial sinistrality, and related correlates were combined as a predictor of two types of hemispheric dominance: standard or anomalous. Males and females classified as standard or anomalous dominant completed a measure of communicator style. Data analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that communication preferences have a neurobiological grounding. Significant main and interaction effects were detected for several of the style subconstructs. Anomalous dominant males reported higher friendly, impression‐leaving, animated, open, and communicator image style scores than any other group. Standard dominant males had the highest relaxed style scores. Responses by anomalous dominant females did not generally differ from preferences indicated by standard dominance males.
Interpersonal Forgiveness Within the Helping Professions: An Attempt to Resolve Differences of Opinion

Lakatos's (1978) philosophy of science is used as a guide for resolving published authors' differences of opinion about interpersonal forgiveness. We first review the ancient writings and current philosophical works regarding interpersonal forgiveness. With these ideas as a foundation we then critique six published papers on forgiveness, all of which have counseling implications. It is suggested that the works are not yet grounded in the foundational writings on forgiveness. The works, thus, may need some refinement in the area of definition, or proposed consequences for a forgiver, or in the processes used to bring about forgiveness in clients. A process model of interpersonal forgiveness then is described. Implications for the use of interpersonal forgiveness within counseling are drawn.