Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Life of the Body in Discipline and Punish

The concept of discipline traditionally suggests the image of a sterilization of life. Processes of domination, they prohibit, they forbid, they are supposed to block initiatives and forces, and they shape the body into passivity. A conception of physical exercise can emerge from these ideas, one regarding the docility of the body. But the process of rendering the body docile is not possible without a liberation of forces, without a solicitation of initiatives. It is then possible to look at physical exercise as a paradox, that is, a process of subjugation through autonomization. It is possible to read Foucault in a way that emphasizes what the author has suggested in Discipline and Punish, that is, a “’positive economy. ” It is this feature of Foucault’s theory that is developed in this article.
Sense of Belonging and Self-Regulated Learning: Testing Achievement Goals as Mediators

ABSTRACT We examined two aspects of college students' (N = 385) sense of belonging and its relations with three indicators of self-regulated learning. We also tested the mediating role of achievement goals in these relations. One aspect, sense of belonging to school, functioned as a significant predictor of self-reported metacognitive and academic time management strategies. In comparison, a second aspect, sense of belonging to peer groups, was a significant predictor of self-reported peer learning strategies. Findings from the mediation analyses indicated that sense of belonging to school was related with mastery goals, whereas sense of belonging to peer groups was related with performance goals. Further, mastery goals mediated the relations between sense of belonging to school and metacognitive and academic time management strategies.
MODALS AND TENSE

Several recent works on modals and tense argue that epistemic modals and similar types of predicates are deprived of temporal properties. This article takes a different stand. Although epistemic modals typically express what may be dubbed “unchanging truths”, there exist examples to demonstrate that these types of predicates are still able to express a shift in temporal reference. This being the case, epistemic modals cannot be “outside the scope of tense altogether”, as claimed by Cinque (1999) and many others. This is as expected on the tense system I outline here, since I defend the idea that any verb is inherently temporal; specifically, that every verb contains a tense element, partaking in a temporal chain where only the topmost member is finite; the remaining members are non-finite. By means of this system, I investigate the temporal construal of root and epistemic modal constructions.
Heterochromatin Blocks Constituting the Entire Short Arms of Acrocentric Chromosomes of Azara's Owl Monkey: Formation Processes Inferred From Chromosomal Locations

Centromeres and telomeres of higher eukaryotes generally contain repetitive sequences, which often form pericentric or subtelomeric heterochromatin blocks. C-banding analysis of chromosomes of Azara's owl monkey, a primate species, showed that the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes consist mostly or solely of constitutive heterochromatin. The purpose of the present study was to determine which category, pericentric, or subtelomeric is most appropriate for this heterochromatin, and to infer its formation processes. We cloned and sequenced its DNA component, finding it to be a tandem repeat sequence comprising 187-bp repeat units, which we named OwlRep. Subsequent hybridization analyses revealed that OwlRep resides in the pericentric regions of a small number of metacentric chromosomes, in addition to the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes. Further, in the pericentric regions of the acrocentric chromosomes, OwlRep was observed on the short-arm side only. This distribution pattern of OwlRep among chromosomes can be simply and sufficiently explained by assuming (i) OwlRep was transferred from chromosome to chromosome by the interaction of pericentric heterochromatin, and (ii) it was amplified there as subtelomeric heterochromatin. OwlRep carries several direct and inverted repeats within its repeat units. This complex structure may lead to a higher frequency of chromosome scission and may thus be a factor in the unique distribution pattern among chromosomes. Neither OwlRep nor similar sequences were found in the genomes of the other New World monkey species we examined, suggesting that OwlRep underwent rapid amplification after the divergence of the owl monkey lineage from lineages of the other species.
Structural Consequences of Cyclophilin A Binding on Maturational Refolding in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Capsid Protein

ABSTRACT While several cellular proteins are incorporated in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion, cyclophilin (CyP) A is the only one whose absence has been demonstrated to impair infectivity. Incorporation of the cytosolic protein results from interaction with a highly exposed Pro-rich loop in the N-terminal region of the capsid (CA) domain of the precursor polyprotein, Pr55Gag. Even when prevented from interacting with CyP A, Pr55Gag still forms particles that proceed to mature into morphologically wild-type virions, suggesting that CyP A influences a postassembly event. The nature of this CyP A influence has yet to be elucidated. Here, we show that while CyP A binds both Gag and mature CA proteins, the two binding interactions are actually different. Tryptophan 121 (W121) in CyP A distinguished the two proteins: a phenylalanine substitution (W121F) impaired binding of mature CA protein but not of Gag. This indicates the occurrence of a maturation-dependent switch in the conformation of the Pro-rich loop. A structural consequence of Gag binding to CyP A was to block this maturational refolding, resulting in a 24-kDa CA protein retaining the immature Pro-rich loop conformation. Using trypsin as a structure probe, we demonstrate that the conformation of the C-terminal region in mature CA is also a product of maturational refolding. Binding to wild-type CyP A altered this conformation, as indicated by a reduction in the accessibility of Cys residue(s) in the region to chemical modification. Hence, the end result of binding to CyP A, whether the Pro-rich loop is in the context of Gag or mature CA protein, is a structurally modified mature CA protein. The postassembly role of CyP A may be mediated through these modified mature CA proteins.
Geodesic least squares regression for scaling studies in magnetic confinement fusion

In regression analyses for deriving scaling laws that occur in various scientific disciplines, usually standard regression methods have been applied, of which ordinary least squares (OLS) is the most popular. However, concerns have been raised with respect to several assumptions underlying OLS in its application to scaling laws. We here discuss a new regression method that is robust in the presence of significant uncertainty on both the data and the regression model. The method, which we call geodesic least squares regression (GLS), is based on minimization of the Rao geodesic distance on a probabilistic manifold. We demonstrate the superiority of the method using synthetic data and we present an application to the scaling law for the power threshold for the transition to the high confinement regime in magnetic confinement fusion devices.
Effect of irradiation on mouse salivary glands during the prereplicative phase of isoproterenol-stimulated DNA synthesis.

When mice were given a single injection of isoproterenol (IPR), the salivary gland cells were stimulated to enter DNA synthesis in a fairly synchronous manner after a lag period of about 18 hr. γ-ray irradiation of these cells in the early prereplicative phase effectively inhibited the stimulation of DNA synthesis caused by IPR. However, irradiation in the late prereplicative phase or in mid-DNA synthesis phase was less effective in inhibiting IPR-stimulated DNA synthesis. The administration of a sialogog, pilocarpine, prior to irradiation did not affect the inhibitory effect of irradiation on the response of salivary gland cells to IPR. These results indicate that the highly radiosensitive phase, 1 hr after the second injection of IPR, was not related only to the ability of IPR to produce secretion in the salivary glands but was related rather to the early biochemical events leading to DNA synthesis in salivary gland cells.
Callus Induction, Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Cotton is an important fibre crop of the world and it is also a good source of oil and high quality protein meal. Somatic embryogenesis in cotton plays a key role in cotton transformation. Somatic embryogenesis forms the basis of cellular totipotency in higher plants. Four cotton cultivars viz., MCU 5, MCU 12, MCU 13 and SVPR 2 along with two model varieties viz., Coker 310 and Coker 312 were used to assess the somatic embryogenic efficiency. Hypocotyl and cotyledonary leaves were used as explants for callus induction. Hypocotyl was found to be the best for in vitro study. Coker 312, MCU 13, Coker 310 and MCU 12 responded well for callus induction. Coker lines alone responded well for somatic embryogenesis. The best medium for proliferation of callus was standardized as MS + 0. 1 mgl−1 2, 4-D + 0.5 mgl−1 kinetin. Among the different combinations tried, MS + 1.9 gl−1 KNO3 was found suitable for somatic embryogenesis. An efficient protocol for the production of high frequency of callus and somatic embryos of cotton has been developed.
Design and Development of Mobile Client Supporting Multiple Terminals Access

The diversity of mobile terminals, the limitations of hardware and the instability of wireless networks have put forward challenges to the development of the mobile software which should be fit to the learnerspsila needs of learning in mobile environment. Based on the study of M-learning and semantic LCMS, the authorspsila team has developed software which can satisfy the above demand. The software is developed in J2ME and meets the needs of multiple terminals access in mobile environment. It supports learners learning based on the course, chapter and knowledge point. It also supports learners customize learning content. The authors hope this paper will provide some reference to the studies in developing the M-learning system.
Concurrent Vasculogenesis and Neurogenesis From Adult Neural Stem Cells

Rationale: Recent reports have demonstrated that signals from vascular endothelial cells are necessary for organogenesis that may precede vasculogenesis. However, the origin of these neovascular cells in regenerating tissue has not been clarified. Objective: Here we tested the hypothesis that adult neural stem cells (NSCs) can differentiate into vascular lineage, as well as neural lineage, in the process of collaborative organogenesis. Methods and Results: NSCs, clonally isolated from mouse brain, were shown to develop endothelial and smooth muscle phenotypes in vitro. To elucidate whether NSCs can simultaneously differentiate into vascular and neural cells in vivo, genetically labeled NSCs were administered to mice with unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury or operatively induced brain and myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, necropsy examination disclosed recruitment of the labeled NSCs to sites of injury differentiating into vascular cells (endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells) and Schwann cells in regenerating nerve. Similarly, NSC-derived vascular cells/astrocytes and endothelial cells were identified in ischemic brain tissue and capillaries in myocardium 2 weeks following transplantation, respectively. Conclusions: These findings, concurrent vasculogenesis and neurogenesis from a common stem cell, suggest that certain somatic stem cells are capable of differentiating into not only somatic cells of identity but also into vascular cells for tissue regeneration.
Low RF-Complexity Technologies for 5G Millimeter-Wave MIMO Systems with Large Antenna Arrays

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) MIMO with large antenna array has attracted considerable interests from academic and industry, as it can simultaneously provide wider bandwidth and higher spectrum efficiency. However, with hundreds of antennas employed at mmWave frequencies, the number of radio frequency (RF) chains required by mmWave MIMO is also huge, leading to unaffordable hardware cost and energy consumption in practice. In this paper, we review low RFcomplexity technologies to solve this bottleneck in mmWave MIMO systems.We first describe the evolution of low RF-complexity technologies from cellular frequencies to mmWave frequencies. Then, we discuss two attractive low RF-complexity technologies for mmWave MIMO systems in detail, i.e., hybrid precoding and beamspace MIMO, including their fundamental principles, application advantages, and design challenges. We compare the performance of these two low RF-complexity technologies to draw some insights about how they should be employed in practical mmWave MIMO systems. Finally, we conclude this paper by highlighting the potential opportunities in this emerging research direction.
Protective Factors in Midlife

The detection of psychological variables with a positive impact on health during middle age is of great interest. The data of 393 middle-aged participants (aged 35–45 at T1 and 45–55 at T2) of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) were analyzed to investigate the associations between health, optimism, positive affect, social support, and a cumulative burden score. Results show a positive association of the protective factors and a predictive value of positive emotions on health over time. The burden score showed no unique association with health. Overall, the predictors explained 17% of the variance of physical health and 33% of the variance of mental health. These findings emphasize the importance of investigating protective pathways.
Converse Lyapunov–Krasovskii theorems for systems described by neutral functional differential equations in Hale's form

In this article, we show that the existence of a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is necessary and sufficient condition for the uniform global asymptotic stability and the global exponential stability (GES) of time-invariant systems described by neutral functional differential equations in Hale's form. It is assumed that the difference operator is linear and strongly stable, and that the map on the right-hand side of the equation is Lipschitz on bounded sets. A link between GES and input-to-state stability is also provided.
Differential Diffusion in Bistable Conditions

Abstract : Double diffusive phenomena, due to the difference in molecular conduction coefficients for heat and for ion concentrations in sea water, are widely known. These include salt fingering and diffusive convection which occur when either temperature or salinity is destabilizing while the other (salinity or heat) is stabilizing. Less well known, less dramatic in their occurrence, but far more widespread are circumstances where both temperature and salinity are stabilizing and yet the differences in molecular conduction lead to systematic differences in turbulent transport rates. "Differential diffusion" has been seen in laboratory experiments, in ocean observations and in numerical simulations. Here we examine differential diffusion in terms of turbulence-induced restratifying (up-gradient) fluxes.
Is Financial Support for Private R&D Always Justified? A Discussion Based on the Literature on Growth

Many economists have long held that market failures create a gap between social and private returns to Research and Development (R&D), thereby limiting private incentives to invest in R&D. However, this common belief that firms significantly underinvest in R&D is increasingly being challenged, leading the rationale behind public support for private R&D to be questioned. In this paper, we attempt to clarify the perspectives of two sources: the theoretical literature on endogenous growth, and its recent developments in integrating a geographical dimension, and the empirical literature that measures the social returns to R&D in relation to the private returns. Ultimately, we are able to clearly distinguish among different types of market failures and compare their relative impact on the gap between the private and social returns to R&D. Two main conclusions are reached. First, systematic firm underinvestment in R&D is not demonstrated. Second, even though instances of underinvestment do occur, they are mainly explained by surplus appropriability problems rather than by knowledge externalities. This suggests the need for a new policy mix that employs more demand-oriented instruments and is more concentrated on identifying efficient allocations among activities rather than merely increasing global private R&D investment.
Trimming of antigenic peptides in an early secretory compartment

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules bind peptides of 8-10 residues in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and convey them to the cell surface for inspection by CD8-expressing T cells (TCD8+). Antigenic peptides are predominantly derived from a cytosolic pool of polypeptides. The proteolytic generation of peptides from polypeptides clearly begins in the cytosol, but it is uncertain whether the final proteolytic steps occur before or after peptides are transported into the ER by the MHC-encoded peptide transporter (TAP). To study the trimming of antigenic peptides in the secretory pathway in the absence of cytosolic processing, we used an NH2-terminal signal sequence to target to the ER of TAP-deficient cells, "tandem" peptides consisting of two defined TCD8+ determinants arranged from head to tail. We find that in contrast to cytosolic proteases in TAP-expressing cells, which are able to liberate antigenic peptides from either end of a tandem peptide, proteases (probably aminopeptidases) present in an early secretory compartment preferentially liberate the COOH-terminal determinant. These findings demonstrate that proteolytic activities associated with antigen processing are not limited to the cytosol, but that they also exist in an early secretory compartment. Such secretory aminopeptidases may function to trim TAP-transported peptides to the optimal size for binding to class I molecules.
On Global Optimization of Hybrid Systems

Continuous time hybrid systems have become the modeling framework of choice for a wide variety of applications that require detailed dynamic models with embedded discontinuities. In general, these time dependent, nonlinear models exhibit model switching and state jumps as a consequence of both time and state dependent events [1]. There exist great safety, economical and environmental incentives to study the global optimization of hybrid systems as many practical problems can be formulated as dynamic optimization problems with hybrid systems embedded, for example, formal safety verification problems, and synthesis problems requiring optimal operating policies. For safety critical applications, it is crucial to locate the global solution as it often represents a counter-example to a safety specification. A deterministic branch and bound framework has recently been developed for the global optimization of linear hybrid systems with fixed transition times and a fixed sequence of modes [2]. This work has been extended to determine the optimal mode sequence using a decomposition approach [3]. In this presentation, we address a key issue in this approach: the problem of bounding the states of a linear hybrid system with fixed transition times. It is shown via an illustrative example that a simple decomposition algorithm produces weak bounds which deteriorate as the number of epochs increases. To address this issue, a novel algorithm is proposed, based on solving families of relaxed linear programming problems, which allows the incorporation of additional constraints derived from physical insight. The remainder of this record will describe this in detail. In addition, we will present recent progress toward handling varying transition times within a global optimization setting. The control parameterization enhancing transform (CPET) [4, 5] is used to transform the problem into one with fixed transition times. The cost of doing so is reflected by the insertion of additional nonlinearities into the resulting embedded hybrid system. To deal with these nonlinearities, a method for the global optimization of nonlinear hybrid systems with fixed transition times and a varying sequence of modes will be presented, based on a nonconvex outer approximation framework [6] utilizing novel convex relaxation techniques. Due to space constraints, this material will not be included in this presentation record; a journal article is currently in preparation.
Comprehensive Environmental Assessment: A Meta-Assessment Approach

With growing calls for changes in the field of risk assessment, improved systematic approaches for addressing environmental issues with greater transparency and stakeholder engagement are needed to ensure sustainable trade-offs. Here we describe the comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) approach as a holistic way to manage complex information and to structure input from diverse stakeholder perspectives to support environmental decision-making for the near- and long-term. We further note how CEA builds upon and incorporates other available tools and approaches, describe its current application at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and point out how it could be extended in evaluating a major issue such as the sustainability of biofuels.
Breakdown characteristics of CF3I and CF3I/N2 gas mixtures in uniform field

With its high insulation capability and excellent environmental friendliness, CF<sub>3</sub>I has been considered as a potential substitute to SF<sub>6</sub>. However, considering its high boiling point, CF<sub>3</sub>I should be mixed with buffer gases such as CO<sub>2</sub> or N<sub>2</sub>. In this paper, breakdown performance of CF<sub>3</sub>I/N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures, SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures and pure SF<sub>6</sub> gas in uniform field are investigated, with negative dc voltage or negative lightning impulse voltage applying. DC breakdown experiments of pure CF<sub>3</sub>I gas and pure SF<sub>6</sub> gas show that the dielectric strength of CF<sub>3</sub>I is not always higher than that of SF<sub>6</sub>. The insulation experimental results show that in low pressures, 30%CF<sub>3</sub>I/70%N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures present similar insulation properties as 20%SF<sub>6</sub>/80%N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures. Considering liquefaction temperature and insulation properties, 30%CF<sub>3</sub>I/70%N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures could be possible substitutes to SF<sub>6</sub> or SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures in low pressures, and it is significant to study their insulation strength in higher pressures.
Random walk and trapping processes on scale-free networks.

In this work I investigate the dynamics of random walk processes on scale-free networks in a short to moderate time scale. I perform extensive simulations for the calculation of the mean squared displacement, the network coverage, and the survival probability on a network with a concentration c of static traps. It is shown that the random walkers remain close to their origin, but cover a large part of the network at the same time. This behavior is markedly different than usual random walk processes in the literature. For the trapping problem I numerically compute Phi(n,c) , the survival probability of mobile species at time n , as a function of the concentration of trap nodes, c . Comparison of these results to the Rosenstock approximation indicate that this is an adequate description for networks with 23 the behavior is more complicated and one needs to employ a truncated cumulant expansion.