Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A role of goals for social inhibition of return?

The social inhibition of return (sIOR) effect refers to the finding that response initiation times are longer if a movement is executed to a location where another person has responded to just before. Previous studies have examined the influence of the goal of the action on sIOR. In these studies, however, the movement endpoint and to-be-attained goal (e.g., touching/pressing a response key) were at the same spatial location. In the present two experiments, we disentangled movement endpoint and goal's identity and locations by means of introducing action effects that followed directly from a movement. Similar methods were previously shown powerful enough to clearly show the importance of action goals for other phenomena—a finding consistent with effect-based theories of action control, such as the ideomotor theory. The results of the present study revealed that sIOR was shaped by the movement endpoint location, not the goal's identity or location. That is, in both experiments, an sIOR effect was observed, but the magnitude of the sIOR effect was not modulated by repetitions/switches of goals or their locations. Thus, results indicate that goals play a negligible role in the emergence of the sIOR and, consequently, highlight the importance of action observation for the emergence of the sIOR effect.
Fractured coracoid with anterior shoulder dislocation and greater tuberosity fracture--report of a bilateral case

Copyright © Scandinavian University Press 2000. ISSN 0001–6470. Printed in Sweden – all rights reserved. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, FR-75018 Paris, France. Correspondence: Dr. P. Cottias, Orthopaedics & Trauma Department, Hôpital Delafontaine, 2, rue du Docteur Delafontaine, FR-93205 Saint-Denis Cedex, France. Tel +33 1 42 35–60 47. Fax –62 29 Submitted 99-04-09. Accepted 99-10-20 Case reports
CİNSİYET, BİREYSEL DEĞERLER VE MESLEK SEÇİMİ

The purpose of this study was to explore gender and faculty differences in the importance attributed to particular value types. Rokeach value survey was administered to total (740) students from different departments of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science and Faculty of Education at Dokuz Eylul University. Three value types were obtained from factor analysis: tradition, universalism and hedonism. Results indicated that female students attributed more importance to three value types than male students did; male students attributed more importance to feminine values than masculine values. Faculty differences were not found in the importance attributed to three value types.
Industrial Districts: Old Wine in New Bottles?

HARRISON B. (1992) Industrial districts: old wine in new bottles? , Reg. Studies 26, 469–483. According to the theory of industrial districts, a new wave of economic growth is being led in a number of regions in Europe, North America and East Asia by spatially concentrated networks of mostly small and medium sized enterprises, often using flexible production technology and characterized by extensive local interfirm linkages. Does this amount to a re-emergence of the dominance of what urban and regional economists call ‘agglomeration economies’ over the well-known pressures on business to spatially disperse its operations? Neoclassical economic theorizing from Marshall to Perroux provides one perspective on the contemporary industrial district phenomenon. Another is afforded by Granovetter's more recent elaboration of the ideas of ‘embedding’, ‘under-’ and ‘over-socialization’. Confronting each of these theoretical approaches with the other leads me to conclude that the industrial district prototypes involv.
Associations of recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting with colorectal cancer survival.

PURPOSE Little is known about the association of recreational physical activity or leisure time spent sitting with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. This study examined the associations of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting with mortality among patients with colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a cohort of adults without colorectal cancer at baseline in 1992-1993, we identified 2,293 participants who were diagnosed with invasive, nonmetastatic colorectal cancer up to mid-2007. At baseline, before their cancer diagnosis, and again after their cancer diagnosis, participants completed detailed questionnaires that included information concerning recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting. RESULTS During a maximum follow-up of 16.1 years after colorectal cancer diagnosis, 846 patients with colorectal cancer died, 379 of them from colorectal cancer. Engaging in 8.75 or more metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week of recreational physical activity (equivalent to approximately 150 minutes per week of walking) compared with fewer than 3.5 MET hours per week was associated with lower all-cause mortality (prediagnosis physical activity: relative risk [RR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.89; postdiagnosis physical activity: RR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.71). Spending 6 or more hours per day of leisure time sitting compared with fewer than 3 hours per day was associated with higher all-cause mortality (prediagnosis sitting time: RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.68; postdiagnosis sitting time: RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.64). CONCLUSION More recreational physical activity before and after colorectal cancer diagnosis was associated with lower mortality, whereas longer leisure time spent sitting was associated with higher risk of death.
Fit among Competitive Strategy, Administrative Mechanisms, and Performance: A Comparative Study of Small Firms in Mature and New Industries

At least two different administrative mechanisms are available for the small business manager to develop and to pursue a competitive strategy. One refers to managerial skills needed to implement and to follow the competitive strategy chosen by the firm. The other refers to the design of organization structure—that is, how job tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated. This paper argues that the fit among the competitive strategy followed by a firm, the utilization of the administrative mechanisms, and the performance of the firm is related to industry maturity.
The Wage Earnings Impact of Historically Black Colleges and Universities

The impact on wages from blacks' attendance of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) versus other colleges is examined using geo-coded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data. The paper reconciles seemingly conflicting findings in previous studies by estimating wage profiles over time, rather than by estimating wages at a single point in time. Estimates indicate that black males show no initial wage advantage as a result of HBCU attendance, but their wages increase 1.4-1.5% faster per year after attending HBCUs compared to other colleges. This faster growth generates discounted career earnings from HBCU attendance that are 9.6% higher for HBCU attendees and 8.9% higher for the average four-year college black student. For black females, HBCU attendance has no significant impact on initial wages or on subsequent wage growth.
On the Cost of Adverse Selection in Individual Annuity Markets: Evidence from Singapore

New evidence is presented on the cost of adverse selection in individual annuity markets using Singapore data. The Singapore annuity market is an interesting setting to examine the cost of adverse selection for three reasons. First, unlike many Western countries, the Singapore government provides very limited public financial assistance for retirees. Second, while social security contributions mandated under the Central Provident Fund (CPF) result in a high forced savings rate, a large proportion of CPF savings, are used up for housing. Third, to ensure that retirees have sufficient funds to meet basic needs, individuals who reach age 55 are required to set aside a minimum amount of their CPF savings, which can be withdrawn at age 62. The CPF Board allows various options for investing the minimum sum, but the most attractive option is to purchase an annuity. The institutional setting in Singapore in effect provides insurers with a large captive market for annuities. It is conjectured that this should be reflected in a significantly lower cost of adverse selection for annuities sold in Singapore as compared with other countries. The results herein, using data for CPF-approved insurers, are strongly consistent with this conjecture. On average, money's worth of annuities is higher than annuities sold to a similar age-gender mix in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Adverse selection accounts for less than 13 percent of the cost of longevity insurance compared to 30-50 percent documented in many previous studies. These results suggest that one way to resolve the adverse selection problem is to adopt a universal individual defined contribution pension scheme that mandates or provides strong incentives for retirees to purchase annuities.
Management of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Noncritical Patients

Abstract Randomized trials designed to determine optimum blood glucose (BG) levels among hospitalized noncritically ill patients are limited. In this group of patients, experts generally recommend premeal BG targets of 100 to 140 mg/dL, and random BG <180 mg/dL. Scheduled insulin is the mainstay therapy to control hyperglycemia in patients admitted to general wards and should include three components: basal, prandial, and correction insulin. Insulin doses should take into account the severity of hyperglycemia, weight, type of diabetes, age, caloric intake, renal function, and propensity for hypoglycemia. Limited data suggest that the traditional mixed-split insulin regimen formed of neutral protamine hagedorn-regular insulin is similar in efficacy and frequency of hypoglycemia to a more expensive and complex insulin analog regimen formed of twice-daily detemir and mealtime glulisine; however, based on extrapolation of data derived from trials of diabetic outpatients, basal insulin analogs such as glargine or detemir may be used instead of neutral protamine hagedorn insulin if there is concern about hypoglycemia. In patients with erratic meal intake, the use of short-acting insulin analogs may be preferred to regular insulin. Further studies are required to determine the ideal glycemic goals and insulin treatment strategies for control of hyperglycemia in hospitalized noncritically ill patients.
Senior managers' perceptions of the practice of human resource management

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to investigate the perceptions of senior managers in companies in the Sunday Times list of UK best employers on the practice of HRM in their organisations.Design/methodology/approach – The approach taken was to conduct semi‐structured interviews with senior line and HR directors/ managers.Findings – In the organisations investigated, HRM is afforded high‐level organisational support at chief executive, if not always senior operational manager, level. It is generally recognised by senior managers as contributing to business effectiveness when it centres on business needs. It is integrated with business strategy processes at both strategic and operational levels. Indeed HRM is elemental to business strategic planning processes, which has the effect of reducing the potential gap between strategic rhetoric on HRM and practical implementation of HRM. Leadership and performance management are current HR policy priorities.Research limitations/implications – The generative pr.
How far can we trust earnings numbers? What research tells us about earnings management

The article reviews the recent academic research literature on earnings management (EM) with a view to identifying research themes and results of interest to users and preparers of financial statements, accounting standard setters, and others with responsibility for ensuring that companies provide financial information to shareholders that can be relied upon. Hopefully students of accounting with an interest in exploring the EM literature will find that the article provides a useful framework. The literature on this topic is vast, and it is not possible to cover every article in detail. I provide an impressionistic survey that highlights examples of specific research themes and methods that regularly appear in the literature. Most of the examples are chosen from the literature published since 2000, although I do also highlight a few methodological contributions that appeared earlier. It is inevitable that the selection of articles reflects to some extent my personal interests and biases (intentional or otherwise). Thus, I wish to acknowledge that I owe a very substantial intellectual debt to the insights and contributions of the many uncited authors of a literature that spans over 40 years in over 20 accounting and finance journals.
Stock index volatility: evidence for stock index options in Taiwan

This study applies artificial neural network to forecast Taiwan stock index option prices from 2005 to 2006. This study compares the option pricing model using three approaches to volatility: GARCH, EGARCH and GJR-GARCH, and compares estimators with three sets of criteria: RMSE, MAE and MAPE. The analytic results indicate that the asymmetric GARCH model is useful in predicting neural networks for stock index option prices.
A Longitudinal Study of Bed Sharing and Sleep Problems Among Swiss Children in the First 10 Years of Life

Objective. To study age trends, long-term course and secular changes of bed-sharing practices, and sleep problems among Swiss families. Methods. A total of 493 children were longitudinally followed between 1974 and 2001 by using structured sleep-related interviews at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months after birth and at annual intervals thereafter until 10 years of age. Parents were queried about bed sharing, night wakings, bedtime resistance, and sleep-onset difficulties during the 3 months before each follow-up interview. Results. Although in the first year of life relatively few children slept with their parents (<10%), bed sharing increased with age and reached a maximum at 4 years (≥1 times per week: 38%). Bed sharing of at least once per week was noted in 44% of the children between 2 and 7 years old. Nocturnal wakings also increased from 6 months old to a maximum at 4 years, when more than half of all children woke up at least once per week (22% every night at 3 years). Less than 10% of all children demonstrated frequent bedtime resistance and sleep-onset difficulties. Bed sharing and night wakings during early infancy were not predictive for bed sharing or night wakings during childhood, whereas both bed sharing and night wakings during childhood tended to persist over time. In contrast, bedtime resistance and sleep-onset difficulties seemed to be rather transient phenomena across all ages. No consistent cohort trends were found except for bedtime resistance, which decreased significantly between 1974 and 2001. Conclusions. Bed sharing and nocturnal wakings are common during early childhood. Developmental changes in separation-attachment processes, cognitive capabilities to develop self-recognition and nighttime fears, and motor locomotion may contribute to the particular age trend of night wakings and bed sharing during early childhood.
Angiogenesis , Metastasis , and the Cellular Microenvironment FOXD 3 Regulates Migration Properties and Rnd 3 Expression in Melanoma Cells

Forkhead transcription factor, Foxd3, plays a critical role during development by controlling the lineage specification of neural crest cells. Notably, Foxd3 is highly expressed during the wave of neural crest cell migration that forms peripheral neurons and glial cells but is downregulated prior to migration of cells that give rise to the melanocytic lineage. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and is derived from melanocytes. Recently, we showed that FOXD3 expression is elevated following the targeted inhibition of the B-RAF–MEK (MAP/ERK kinase)–ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase)1/2 pathway in mutant B-RAF melanoma cells. Because melanoma cells are highly migratory and invasive in a B-RAF–dependent manner, we explored the role of FOXD3 in these processes. In this study, we show that ectopic FOXD3 expression inhibits the migration, invasion, and spheroid outgrowth of mutant B-RAF melanoma cells. Upregulation of FOXD3 expression following inhibition of B-RAF and MEK correlates with the downregulation of Rnd3, a Rho GTPase and inhibitor of RhoA–ROCK signaling. Indeed, expression of FOXD3 alone was sufficient to downregulate Rnd3 expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Mechanistically, FOXD3 was found to be recruited to the Rnd3 promoter. Inhibition of ROCK partially restored migration in FOXD3-expressing cells. These data show that FOXD3 expression downregulates migration and invasion in melanoma cells and Rnd3, a target known to be involved in these properties. Mol Cancer Res; 9(5); 545–52. 2011 AACR.
Dimeric RFX Proteins Contribute to the Activity and Lineage Specificity of the Interleukin-5 Receptor α Promoter through Activation and Repression Domains

ABSTRACT Interleukin-5 (IL-5) plays a central role in the differentiation, proliferation, and functional activation of eosinophils. The specific action of IL-5 on eosinophils and hematopoietically related basophils is regulated by the restricted expression of IL-5 receptor α (IL-5Rα), a subunit of high-affinity IL-5R, on these cells. We have previously identified an enhancer-like cis element in the IL-5Rα promoter that is important for both full promoter function and lineage-specific activity. Here, we demonstrate by yeast one-hybrid screening that RFX2 protein specifically binds to this ciselement. RFX2 belongs to the RFX DNA-binding protein family, the biological role of which remains obscure. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we further show that RFX1, RFX2, and RFX3 homodimers and heterodimers specifically bind to the ciselement of the IL-5Rα promoter. The mRNA expression of RFX1, RFX2, and RFX3 was detected ubiquitously, but in transient-transfection assays, multimerized RFX binding sites in front of a basal promoter efficiently functioned in a tissue- and lineage-specific manner. To further investigate RFX functions on transcription, full-length and deletion mutants of RFX1 were targeted to DNA through fusion to the GAL4 DNA binding domain. Tissue- and lineage-specific transcriptional activation with the full-length RFX1 fusion plasmid on a reporter controlled by GAL4 binding sites was observed. Distinct activation and repression domains within the RFX1 protein were further mapped. Our findings suggest that RFX proteins are transcription factors that contribute to the activity and lineage specificity of the IL-5Rα promoter by directly binding to a target cis element and cooperating with other tissue- and lineage-specific cofactors.
The effects of phonemic compression and anti-upward-spread-of-masking (anti-USOM) on the perception of articulatory features in hearing-impaired listeners: Efectos de la compresión fonémica y de la difusión anti-ascendente-del-enmascaramiento (anti-usom) en la percepción de rasgos articulatorios, en

The effect of speech processing on articulatory-feature recognition was studied in a group of hearing-impaired listeners with high-frequency sensorineural losses. Individual difference scaling (INDSCAL) and sequential information analysis (SINFA) were applied to a set of consonant-vowel-consonant responses measured under various conditions of speech processing. The processing consisted of high-frequency phonemic compression combined with compensation for anti-upward-spread-of-masking (i.e. anti-USOM). In quiet, we found an improved recognition of frication with compression, whereas additional anti-USOM improved the recognition of the second and third vowel-formants. In background noise, we found remarkably negative effects of anti-USOM on the recognition of features containing low-frequency cues, such as voicing and nasality. We conclude that the combined results of SINFA and INDSCAL provide important insights into the possibilities and limitations of phonemic compression and anti-USOM. Sumario Se estudió el efecto del procesamiento del lenguaje en el rcconocimiento de rasgos articulatorios en un grupo de hipoacúsicos con pérdida sensorineural en altas frecuencias. Se aplicó una escala de diferencia individual (INDSCAL) y un análisis de información secuencial (SINFA) a un grupo de respuestas consonante-vocal-consonante, medidas en varias condiciones de procesamiento del lenguaje. El procesamiento consistió en compresión de fonemas de alta frecuencia combinado con compensación para la difusión anti-asccndente-del-enmascaramiento (i.e. anti-USOM). Encontramos que en silencio la compresión mejora el reconocimiento dc las fricativas, mientras que el anti-USOM mejora el reconocimiento de las segundas y terceras formantes vocálicos. En ambicnte ruidoso encon-tramos efectos negativos considerables del anti-USOM en el reconocimiento de componentes que contenian claves de baja frecuencia tal como sonoridad y nasalidad. Concluimos que el resultado combinado de SINFA e INDSCAL proporciona conocimientos importantes sobrc las posibilidades y limitaciones de la compresión fonémica y el anti-USOM.
Crystal structure of the abl-SH3 domain complexed with a designed high-affinity peptide ligand: implications for SH3-ligand interactions.

The Abl-SH3 domain is implicated in negative regulation of the Abl kinase by mediating protein-protein interactions. High-affinity SH3 ligands could compete for these interactions and specifically activate the Abl kinase, providing control and a better understanding of the molecular interactions that underlie diseases where SH3 domains are involved. The p41 peptide (APSYSPPPPP) is a member of a group of peptide ligands designed to bind specifically the Abl-SH3 domain. It binds to Abl-SH3 with a Kd of 1.5 microM, whereas its affinity for the Fyn-SH3 domain is 273 microM. We have determined the crystal structure of the Abl-SH3 domain in complex with the high-affinity peptide ligand p41 at 1.6 A resolution. In the crystal structure, this peptide adopts a polyproline type II helix conformation through residue 5 to 10, and it binds in type I orientation to the Abl-SH3 domain. The tyrosine side-chain in position 4 of the peptide is hydrogen bonded to two residues in the RT-loop of the Abl-SH3 domain. The tight fit of this side-chain into the RT-loop pocket is enhanced by conformational adjustment of the main chain at position 5. The SH3 ligand peptides can be divided into two distinct parts. The N-terminal part binds to the SH3 domain in the region formed by the valley between the nSrc and RT-loops. It determines the specificity for different SH3 domains. The C-terminal part adopts a polyproline type II helix conformation. This binds to a well-conserved hydrophobic surface of the SH3 domain. Analysis of two "half"-peptides, corresponding to these ligand parts, shows that both are essential components for strong binding to the SH3 domains. The crystal structure of the Abl-SH3:p41 complex explains the high affinity and specificity of the p41 peptide towards the Abl-SH3 domain, and reveals principles that will be exploited for future design of small, high-affinity ligands to interfere efficiently with the in vivo regulation of Abl kinase activity.