Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicians’ Attitudes Toward the Use of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics

Abstract Depot formulations are not widely used in everyday practice. This study aimed to assess psychiatrists’ attitudes toward the use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in schizophrenia. We interviewed 113 French psychiatrists about the factors that influenced their prescription of LAI antipsychotics. Multidimensional and cluster analyses were used to detect correlations. The most important factor against the use of LAI antipsychotics is a sufficient estimated compliance with the oral formulation. For first-generation LAI, the main factor is the risk for extrapyramidal symptoms; and for second-generation LAI, it is the unavailability of the equivalent oral formulation. Four factors incite the psychiatrists to prescribe LAI. Two different clusters of patients can also be identified. Most factors influencing the clinicians’ attitudes toward the use of LAI antipsychotics are shared in many countries. Conversely, some attitudes related to organizational aspects, particularly the relevance of health care costs, may vary from one country to another.
Feedback stabilization of the Schlögl model by LQG-balanced truncation

A finite-dimensional dynamic compensator for the Schlögl model is designed. The equation of interest is a parabolic partial differential equation with cubic reaction term. Based on model reduction methods for linear infinite-dimensional control systems, a finite-dimensional linear compensator is obtained and shown to be locally stabilizing the original nonlinear problem. Theoretical results are confirmed by a numerical example.
Short‐Term Neuroplastic Effects of Brain‐Controlled and Muscle‐Controlled Electrical Stimulation

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been shown to facilitate the recovery of grasping function in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury. Neurophysiological theory suggests that this benefit may be further enhanced by a more consistent pairing of the voluntary commands sent from the user's brain down their spinal cord with the electrical stimuli applied to the user's periphery. The objective of the study was to compare brain‐machine interfaces (BMIs)‐controlled and electromyogram (EMG)‐controlled FES therapy to three more well‐researched therapies, namely, push button‐controlled FES therapy, voluntary grasping (VOL), and BMI‐guided voluntary grasping.
Happiness in the Face of Adversity: Reformulating the Dynamic and Modular Bases of Subjective Well-Being

Addressing diversity and apparent contradictions in manifestations of happiness, this article delineates subjective well-being (SWB) as a dynamic system in the face of possible adversity. SWB constitutes a favorable psychological environment that regulates the hostile-world scenario, defined as one's image of actual or potential threats to one's life or integrity. SWB operates in various modules: experiential, wherein private awareness of SWB dwells on relevant core themes; declarative, wherein public self-reports of SWB function as social behavior; differential, wherein synchronic dimensions of SWB form well-being types; and narrative, wherein diachronic valences of SWB construct trajectories along one's life story. By explicating the regulatory and configurational nature of SWB, the present conceptualization emphasizes the process, rather than the outcome, of pursuing happiness.
Information, knowledge, and networked minds

Knowledge is often seen as information with specific properties; information is viewed as a kind of preliminary stage to knowledge. Given this apparent relationship of information and knowledge it is tempting to apply computer‐based information management techniques, such as information retrieval and information filtering, to the management of knowledge as well. A closer look, however, reveals that the effectiveness of computer‐based tools is already limited in the information management domain. In order to circumvent similar limitations in the knowledge management domain, we suggest considering humans as scaffolding minds and applying tools in such a way that human cognitive and social capabilities are supported. Examples discussed range from social navigation and collaborative filtering to support for virtual communities of practice.
Potential role of oxidative DNA damage in the impact of PNPLA3 variant (rs 738409 C>G) in hepatocellular carcinoma risk

eGFR and Hb versus RBV (P 5 0.02 and P< 0.0001 respectively). These results are in agreement with those presented by Karino et al., who studied 68 patients during 8 weeks in triple therapy. Our study, which expanded therapy to 48 weeks using both the triple and dual regimens in sequence, concludes that plasma concentration of RBV and Hb levels are influenced by the decrease in renal function induced by TLV. We can thus confirm the hypothesis of Mauss et al. and suggest use of eGFR, therapeutic drug monitoring, and dose adjustment of RBV to prevent onset of anemia induced by the triple therapy containing TLV.
Classification Algorithm based on MS Apriori for Rare Classes

Most of the data mining algorithm focuses on frequent patterns, few algorithm emphases on rare items, but rare items [1] also have importance, for example, network intrusion detection, where among various normal connections we need to detect the rare malicious connections. Classification of such a non-uniform data set is a challenging issue. Most classifiers perform poorly in such a data set. Realizing the importance of rare class classification, in this paper we propose a classification algorithm (CBMR Algorithm) that is based on association rules mined by MSApriori approach [2] and is capable of classifying rare classes. The performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm has been done for different data sets [3] and in comparison with existing technique like [4], it is found that algorithm has efficient and superior performance for classifying rare cases.
Maximum Margin Coresets for Active and Noise Tolerant Learning

We study the problem of learning largemargin half-spaces in various settings using coresets and show that coresets are a widely applicable tool for large margin learning. A large margin coreset is a subset of the input data sufficient for approximating the true maximum margin solution. In this work, we provide a direct algorithm and analysis for constructing large margin coresets. We show various applications including a novel coreset based analysis of large margin active learning and a polynomial time (in the number of input data and the amount of noise) algorithm for agnostic learning in the presence of outlier noise. We also highlight a simple extension to multi-class classification problems and structured output learning.
Orbe: scalable causal consistency using dependency matrices and physical clocks

We propose two protocols that provide scalable causal consistency for both partitioned and replicated data stores using dependency matrices (DM) and physical clocks. The DM protocol supports basic read and update operations and uses two-dimensional dependency matrices to track dependencies in a client session. It utilizes the transitivity of causality and sparse matrix encoding to keep dependency metadata small and bounded. The DM-Clock protocol extends the DM protocol to support read-only transactions using loosely synchronized physical clocks. We implement the two protocols in Orbe, a distributed key-value store, and evaluate them experimentally. Orbe scales out well, incurs relatively small overhead over an eventually consistent key-value store, and outperforms an existing system that uses explicit dependency tracking to provide scalable causal consistency.
Personal Blog Retrieval Using Opinion Features

Faceted blog distillation aims at finding blogs with recurring interest to a topic while satisfying a specific facet of interest. In this paper we focus on the personal facet and propose a method that uses opinion features as indicators of personal content. Experimental results on TREC BLOG08 data-set confirm our intuition that personal blogs are more opinionated.
Therapy to improve gestural expression in aphasia: a controlled clinical trial

Objectives: To assess whether production of communicative gestures can be ameliorated by therapy, to explore factors that might influence individual variability of therapeutic success and to find out whether therapy effects generalize to unpractised gestures. Setting: Hospital department specializing in rehabilitation of patients with neuropsychological disorders. Subjects: Twenty-three consecutive severely aphasic patients received therapy; ten were tested repeatedly without interpolated therapy. Design: Twenty-four communicative gestures were divided into three sets of eight gestures. In the therapy group one set was practised during each of three consecutive periods and after that period changes in proficiency were assessed for all three sets. Comparisons were made between changes of practised and unpractised gestures during each therapy period within the therapy group, and between changes of unpractised gestures in the therapy group, and the changes brought forward by repeated testing in the control group. Interventions: Therapy was centred on familiarizing patients with the communicative functions of gestures and on improving the spatial precision of their gestures. Main measure: Scoring of gestures considered their accuracy and the necessity of assistance. Results: Therapy led to substantial improvement of practised gestures. There was also improvement of unpractised gestures which was significantly smaller than that of practised gestures but greater than the improvement induced by repeated testing in the control group. Conclusions: In view of the limited generalization, gesture therapy should concentrate on gestures that are relevant for communication in daily living of the individual patients.
Selective removal and recovery of Black B reactive dye from simulated textile wastewater using the supported liquid membrane process

Effluent containing colour/dyes, especially reactive dyes, becomes a great concern of wastewater treatment because it is toxic to human life and aquatic life. In this study, reactive dye of Black B was separated using the supported liquid membrane process. Commercial polypropylene membrane was used as a support of the kerosene–tridodecylamine liquid membrane. Several parameters were tested and the result showed that almost 100% of 70 ppm Black B was removed and 99% of 70 ppm Black B was recovered at pH 2 of the feed phase containing 0.00001 M Na2SiO3, flow rate of 150 ml/min and 0.2 M NaOH. The membrane support also remained stable for up to 36 hours under an optimum condition.
The meaning of evidence-based management to Brazilian senior nurse leaders.

PURPOSE The study objective was to understand the meaning of evidence-based management for senior nurse leaders in accredited, public hospitals in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND METHOD A phenomenological approach was used to analyze interviews conducted with 10 senior nurse leaders between August 2011 and March 2012. The analytic method was developed by the Brazilian phenomenologist, Martins. FINDINGS Senior nurse leaders described how they critically appraise many sources of evidence when making managerial decisions. They emphasized the importance of working with their teams to locally adapt and evaluate best evidence associated with managerial decision making and organizational innovations. Their statements also demonstrated how they use evidence-based management to support the adoption of evidence-based practices. They did not, however, provide specific strategies for seeking out and obtaining evidence. Notable challenges were traditional cultures and rigid bureaucracies, while major facilitators included accreditation, teamwork, and shared decision making. CONCLUSIONS Evidence-based management necessitates a continuous process of locating, implementing, and evaluating evidence. In this study leaders provided multiple, concrete examples of all these processes except seeking out and locating evidence. They also gave examples of other leadership skills associated with successful adoption of evidence-based practice and management, particularly interdisciplinary teamwork and shared decision making. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates senior nurse leaders' awareness and utilization of evidence-based management. The study also suggests what aspects of evidence-based management need further development, such as more active identification of potential, new organizational innovations.
Acoustic scene classification using convolutional neural network and multiple-width frequency-delta data augmentation

In recent years, neural network approaches have shown superior performance to conventional hand-made features in numerous application areas. In particular, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) exploit spatially local correlations across input data to improve the performance of audio processing tasks, such as speech recognition, musical chord recognition, and onset detection. Here we apply ConvNet to acoustic scene classification, and show that the error rate can be further decreased by using delta features in the frequency domain. We propose a multiple-width frequency-delta (MWFD) data augmentation method that uses static mel-spectrogram and frequency-delta features as individual input examples. In addition, we describe a ConvNet output aggregation method designed for MWFD augmentation, folded mean aggregation, which combines output probabilities of static and MWFD features from the same analysis window using multiplication first, rather than taking an average of all output probabilities. We describe calculation results using the DCASE 2016 challenge dataset, which shows that ConvNet outperforms both of the baseline system with hand-crafted features and a deep neural network approach by around 7%. The performance was further improved (by 5.7%) using the MWFD augmentation together with folded mean aggregation. The system exhibited a classification accuracy of 0.831 when classifying 15 acoustic scenes.
What nervous systems do: early evolution, input–output, and the skin brain thesis

Nervous systems are standardly interpreted as information processing input–output devices. They receive environmental information from their sensors as input, subsequently process or adjust this information, and use the result to control effectors, providing output. Through-conducting activity is here the key organizational feature of nervous systems. In this paper, we argue that this input–output interpretation is not the most fundamental feature of nervous system organization. Building on biological work on the early evolution of nervous systems, we provide an alternative proposal: the skin brain thesis (SBT). The SBT postulates that early nervous systems evolved to organize a new multicellular effector: muscle tissue, the primary source of animal motility. Early nervous systems provided a new way of inducing and coordinating self-organized contractile activity across an extensive muscle surface underneath the skin. The main connectivity in such nervous systems runs across a spread out effector and is transverse to sensor-effector signaling. The SBT therefore constitutes a fundamental conceptual shift in understanding both nervous system operation and what nervous systems are. Nervous systems are foremost spatial organizers that turn large multi-cellular animal bodies into dynamic self-moving units. At the end, we briefly discuss some theoretical connections to central issues within the behavioral, cognitive and neurosciences.
Challenges in O-glycan engineering of plants

Plants are attractive alternative expression hosts for the production of recombinant proteins. Many therapeutic proteins are glycosylated with N- and O-glycosylation being the most prevalent forms of protein glycosylation. While N-glycans have already been modified in plants toward the formation of homogenous mammalian-type glycoforms with equal or improved biological function compared to mammalian-cell culture produced glycoproteins little attention has been paid to the modification of O-linked glycans. Recently, the first step of mammalian O-glycan biosynthesis has been accomplished in plants. However, as outlined in this short review there are important issues that have to be addressed in the future. These include: (i) elimination of potentially immunogenic or allergenic carbohydrate epitopes containing arabinosides or arabinogalactans, (ii) a detailed investigation of the interplay between engineered N- and O-glycosylation pathways to avoid competition for common metabolites like UDP-GlcNAc, and (iii) a deeper understanding of signals and mechanisms for distribution of glycan processing enzymes, which is a prerequisite for complete and homogenous glycosylation of recombinant proteins.
A Force Control Approach to a Robot-assisted Cell Microinjection System

Robotic cell microinjection is a technique that utilizes automation technology to insert substances into a single living cell with a fine needle. Compared with manual microinjection, the main benefits of the robotic cell injection are quality, productivity and repeatability. In this paper we aim to control the penetration force during robotic cell injection to quantify the influence of the penetration force on cells. A force-control-based cell injection approach that is capable of regulating the penetration force in a desired force trajectory is developed. The proposed force control framework includes two control loops. The inner loop is an impedance control used to specify the interaction between the needle and the cell. The outer loop is a force tracking non-linear controller using a feedback linearization technique. The cell model is identified online with a least-squares parameter estimator. With the proposed force control approach, the penetration force can be regulated explicitly to follow the desired force trajectory during the cell injection process. Experiments performed on fish embryos verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Stem cells derived from "inflamed" and healthy periodontal ligament tissues and their sheet functionalities: a patient-matched comparison.

AIM The aim of this study was to compare the properties of stem cells derived from "inflamed" and healthy periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues from patient-matched groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patient-matched stem cells derived from root-attached "inflamed" and healthy PDL tissues from six donors, termed I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs, respectively, were investigated with regard to their stem cell properties, immunomodulatory effects and capacity to form robust cell sheets for therapeutic applications. RESULTS We found that cells derived from both sources exhibited typical mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics. However, compared with H-PDLSCs, I-PDLSCs demonstrated an increased capacity to proliferate, a greater potential to migrate and a decreased capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. When I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs were co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the MSCs derived from "inflamed" PDL tissues exhibited impaired immunomodulation. Although I-PDLSCs led to increased collagen type I, periostin and integrin β1 content in the matrix, the cell sheets formed by I-PDLSCs were dysfunctional due to their impaired osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation and tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS These data provide additional evidence that I-PDLSCs are functionally compromised compared with H-PDLSCs. Nonetheless, their dominant abundance in the available tissues indicates that stem cells derived from damaged teeth extracted due to periodontitis warrant further exploration.
Community-Based Needs Assessment of Neurodevelopment, Caregiver, and Home Environment Factors in Young Children Affected by HIV in Lima, Peru

Background: In many resource-poor settings such as Peru, children affected by HIV have a high prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays (NDDs) and remain excluded from adequate treatment. Methods: Community health workers (CHWs) administered NDD screening instruments to assess child development and associated caregiver and household factors in 14 HIV-affected parent–child dyads. Focus group discussion with caregivers was conducted to explore their needs and behaviors around early child stimulation and to assess their perceptions of the screening experience. Results: Over 70% of the children had abnormal classification in at least 1 (out of 5) developmental domains according to Ages and States Questionnaire–provided cutoff scores. Caregiver depression and stress were associated with abnormal development as were some parenting behavior factors. Knowledge about child development was low. Caregivers felt testing and discussing results with a CHW were very insightful. Reported caregiver behavior differed between caregivers with HIV-infected children and those with uninfected children. Conclusion: Taken together, these exploratory quantitative data suggest that parenting behaviors associated with low child development scores may be modifiable and that community-based testing is well received and informative to these HIV-infected caregivers.
Efficient suppression of minority drug-resistant HIV type 1 (HIV-1) variants present at primary HIV-1 infection by ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor-containing antiretroviral therapy.

BACKGROUND Selection of preexisting minority variants of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can lead to virological failure in patients who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) with low genetic resistance barriers. We studied treatment response and dynamics of minority variants during the first weeks of ART containing a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) and 2 nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which is a regimen with a high genetic resistance barrier. METHODS Plasma samples obtained prior to initiation of ART from 109 patients with primary HIV infection and samples obtained during viral decay during early ART from 17 of these 109 patients were tested by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for K103N and M184V variants. RESULTS K103N and/or M184V mutations were detected in 15 (13.8%) of 109 patients prior to ART as minority variants. No selection of these variants was observed within the first weeks of ART in 7 of 15 patients with preexisting drug resistance mutations, nor was any selection observed in 10 patients without preexisting drug resistance mutations. Most patients received ART immediately after diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, showed a rapid decrease in viral load, and experienced sufficient suppression of viremia for 48 months. CONCLUSIONS Minority variants, in particular viruses harboring the M184V mutation, were efficiently suppressed in patients with acute infection who received a ritonavir-boosted PI and 2 NRTIs (most regimens included lamivudine). Under this high genetic resistance barrier regimen, the M184V was not further selected.
AND ACTIVE CONTROL OF A FLOATING CRANE

Original scientific paper The floating cranes, which transfer payloads during offshore constructions, need meet rigorous demands for efficiency and safety in serious sea conditions while the unexpected motion of the floating crane caused by wave make it even harder. This paper analyses the dynamics of a floating crane and presents an active heave compensation system (HCS) to allow the payloads motion decoupled from the wave-induced ship motion in the vertical direction. Specifically, virtual prototyping technology is introduced for the floating crane systems to investigate the real behaviour of the HCS. A virtual mechanical model of the floating crane is created to analyse the dynamics of the floating crane. In addition, an active HCS is designed for the under actuated floating crane system. A self-adaptive PID control law based on improved genetic algorithm is proposed for the essential part of the HCS. The co-simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the payload motion due to the ship’s vertical motion can be reduced significantly in harsh sea conditions.