Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Talking About Cancer and Meeting Peer Survivors: Social Information Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults Diagnosed with Cancer.

PURPOSE Limited research exists on the social information needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15-39 at diagnosis) with cancer. METHODS The Adolescent and Young Adult Health Outcomes and Patient Experiences (AYA HOPE) Study recruited 523 patients to complete surveys 6-14 months after cancer diagnosis. Participants reported information needs for talking about their cancer experience with family and friends (TAC) and meeting peer survivors (MPS). Multiple logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with each need. RESULTS Approximately 25% (118/477) and 43% (199/462) of participants reported a TAC or MPS need respectively. Participants in their 20s (vs. teenagers) were more likely to report a MPS need (p=0.03). Hispanics (vs. non-Hispanic whites) were more likely to report a TAC need (p=0.01). Individuals who did not receive but reported needing support groups were about 4 and 13 times as likely to report TAC and MPS needs respectively (p<0.05). Participants reporting high symptom burden were more likely to report TAC and MPS needs (p<0.01), and those reporting fair/poor quality of care were more likely to report a TAC need (p<0.01). Those reporting that cancer had an impact on several key relationships with family and friends were more likely to report social information needs. CONCLUSION Social information needs are higher in AYAs diagnosed in their 20s, in Hispanics, among those reporting high symptom burden and/or lower quality of care, and in individuals not in support groups. Efforts should be made to develop interventions for AYAs in most need of social information and support.
Bacillus subtilis Genome Diversity

ABSTRACT Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (M-CGH) is a powerful method for rapidly identifying regions of genome diversity among closely related organisms. We used M-CGH to examine the genome diversity of 17 strains belonging to the nonpathogenic species Bacillus subtilis. Our M-CGH results indicate that there is considerable genetic heterogeneity among members of this species; nearly one-third of Bsu168-specific genes exhibited variability, as measured by the microarray hybridization intensities. The variable loci include those encoding proteins involved in antibiotic production, cell wall synthesis, sporulation, and germination. The diversity in these genes may reflect this organism's ability to survive in diverse natural settings.
Structural Balance, Mechanical Solidarity, and Interpersonal Relations

Balance theory, a theoretical system developed by Cartwright and Harary to formalize concepts set forth by Heider, is used with slight modifications to restate fifty-six sociological and social-psychological propositions from the writings of Berelson, Lazarsfeld, and McPhee; Coleman; Davis; Durkheim; Festinger; Fiedler; Homans; Katz and Lazarsfeld; Lazarsfeld and Merton; Lipset, Trow, and Coleman; Merton and Kitt; and Stouffer et al. The propositions are grouped under (a) Person, Other, and X, (b) group structure, (c) changes in attitudes and opinions, and (d) values.
Metagenomic and Small-Subunit rRNA Analyses Reveal the Genetic Diversity of Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Viruses in Soil

ABSTRACT Recent studies have highlighted the surprising richness of soil bacterial communities; however, bacteria are not the only microorganisms found in soil. To our knowledge, no study has compared the diversities of the four major microbial taxa, i.e., bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, from an individual soil sample. We used metagenomic and small-subunit RNA-based sequence analysis techniques to compare the estimated richness and evenness of these groups in prairie, desert, and rainforest soils. By grouping sequences at the 97% sequence similarity level (an operational taxonomic unit [OTU]), we found that the archaeal and fungal communities were consistently less even than the bacterial communities. Although total richness levels are difficult to estimate with a high degree of certainty, the estimated number of unique archaeal or fungal OTUs appears to rival or exceed the number of unique bacterial OTUs in each of the collected soils. In this first study to comprehensively survey viral communities using a metagenomic approach, we found that soil viruses are taxonomically diverse and distinct from the communities of viruses found in other environments that have been surveyed using a similar approach. Within each of the four microbial groups, we observed minimal taxonomic overlap between sites, suggesting that soil archaea, bacteria, fungi, and viruses are globally as well as locally diverse.
On edge–magic disconnected graphs

A graph G is called edge-magic if it admits a labeling of the vertices and edges by pairwise different integers of 1, 2, . , |V (G)| + |E(G)| such that the sum of the label of an edge and the labels of its endpoints is constant independent of the choice of edge. A construction of edge-magic labelings of some disconnected graphs is described. Some edge-magic forests are characterized. AMS 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification . 05C78.
The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy

Business support policies designed to raise productivity and employment are common worldwide, but rigorous micro-econometric evaluation of their causal effects is rare. We exploit multiple changes in the area-specific eligibility criteria for a major program to support manufacturing jobs ("Regional Selective Assistance"). Area eligibility is governed by pan-European state aid rules which change every seven years and we use these rule changes to construct instrumental variables for program participation. We match two decades of UK panel data on the population of firms to all program participants. IV estimates find positive program treatment effect on employment, investment and net entry but not on TFP. OLS underestimates program effects because the policy targets underperforming plants and areas. The treatment effect is confined to smaller firms with no effect for larger firms (e.g. over 150 employees). We also find the policy raises area level manufacturing employment mainly through significantly reducing unemployment. The positive program effect is not due to substitution between plants in the same area or between eligible and ineligible areas nearby. We estimate that "cost per job" of the program was only $6,300 suggesting that in some respects investment subsidies can be cost effective.
The radiation mode theory in ultrasonics

This paper describes the history and the state of the art in radiation mode theory (RMT) in ultrasonics. The RMT originates from electromagnetism in which it has proved to be very efficient in the field of wave guides and discontinuities. In ultrasonics, the RMT made its entrance only a decade ago and has already proved to be very efficient in describing the interaction of sound with discontinuities such as a step on a plate, a liquid wedge, the extremity of a plate and much more. It is likely that the development of the RMT for two-dimensional (2-D) isotropic media has come almost to an end. This paper lists the results obtained so far. Further extensions to more complicated media are to be expected in the coming decade.
The 2011 International Psychogeriatric Association Junior Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics

I am very pleased to be able to introduce the three research papers which have placed first, second and third in the 2011 International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) Junior Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics. These papers represent the work of three promising young researchers in psychogeriatrics, and both IPA and International Psychogeriatrics are pleased to support such researchers by bringing their research findings to a wide audience.
Study of capacity fade of lithium -ion polymer battery with continuous cycling & power performance modeling of energy storage devices

Thus far, capacity fade has been ascribed to various mechanisms that include (i) the dissolution of highly resistive surface films on the electrode surface which result from side reactions; (ii) loss in active electrode materials; (iii) phase change in the electrode structure; (iv) loss of electrode contact with the current collector that can lead to complete cell failure. If accurate dynamic prediction models for batteries are to be achieved through the incorporation of the mechanisms of capacity fade, it is important to quantify the contribution of capacity fade to each mechanism. To quantify capacity fade to various mechanism to the overall impedance of the cell, we investigate a complete electrochemical cell for morphological change at the electrode/electrolyte interface and the change in electrode structural after prolong cycling using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission line microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD). Analyses were performed using commercial lithium-ion polymer cell UP383562A (Sony Co.). The electrochemical charge discharge performance was studied using conventional galvanostatic/potentostatic techniques. Fitting techniques using an electrical equivalent circuit was applied to the electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) using the method of non linear least square fitting (NLLS). Parameter evaluations from the equivalent circuit show that with extended cycling there is a large increase in the impedance of the solid electrolyte impedance, charge transfer resistance and ionic impedance. SEM analysis on the individual electrodes shows that during chargedischarge cycling, thick surface films are deposited on the negative (graphite) electrode surface. These surface films including LiF, Li2CO3 etc. are known to increase the internal impedance of the cell which result in reduce cell performance. No surface films were observed on the cathode (Li1-xCoO2) electrode surface, however, XRD analysis show the development of some structural defects which are believed to contribute
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of disease activity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the capability and reliability of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in the assessment of disease activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS DCE-MRI of the clinically more affected wrist or hip joints was undertaken in 21 patients, coupled with standard clinical assessment and biochemical analysis. Synovial inflammation was assessed by computing the maximum level of synovial enhancement (ME), the maximum rate of enhancement (MV) and the rate of early enhancement (REE) from the enhancement curves generated from region of interest independently delineated by two readers in the area of the ME. Correlations between dynamic parameters and clinical measures of disease activity, and static MRI synovitis score were investigated. RESULTS In patients with wrist arthritis, REE correlated with the wrist swelling score (r(s) = 0.72), ESR (r(s) = 0.69), pain assessment scale (r(s) = 0.63) and childhood HAQ (r(s) = 0.60). In patients with hip arthritis, ME correlated with the hip limitation of motion (r(s) = 0.69). Static MRI synovitis score based on post-gadolinium enhancement correlated with MV (r(s) = 0.63) in patients with wrist arthritis and with ME (r = 0.68) in those with hip arthritis. The inter-reader agreement assessed by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for ME, MV and REE (ICC = 0.98, 0.97 and 0.84, respectively) was excellent. CONCLUSIONS DCE-MRI represents a promising method for the assessment of disease activity in JIA, especially in patients with wrist arthritis. As far as we know, this study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility, reliability and construct validity of DCE-MRI in JIA. These results should be confirmed in large-scale longitudinal studies in view of its further application in therapeutic decision making and in clinical trials.
Atomic force microscopy reveals parallel mechanical unfolding pathways of T4 lysozyme: Evidence for a kinetic partitioning mechanism

Kinetic partitioning is predicted to be a general mechanism for proteins to fold into their well defined native three-dimensional structure from unfolded states following multiple folding pathways. However, experimental evidence supporting this mechanism is still limited. By using single-molecule atomic force microscopy, here we report experimental evidence supporting the kinetic partitioning mechanism for mechanical unfolding of T4 lysozyme, a small protein composed of two subdomains. We observed that on stretching from its N and C termini, T4 lysozyme unfolds by multiple distinct unfolding pathways: the majority of T4 lysozymes unfold in an all-or-none fashion by overcoming a dominant unfolding kinetic barrier; and a small fraction of T4 lysozymes unfold in three-state fashion involving unfolding intermediate states. The three-state unfolding pathways do not follow well defined routes, instead they display variability and diversity in individual unfolding pathways. The unfolding intermediate states are local energy minima along the mechanical unfolding pathways and are likely to result from the residual structures present in the two subdomains after crossing the main unfolding barrier. These results provide direct evidence for the kinetic partitioning of the mechanical unfolding pathways of T4 lysozyme, and the complex unfolding behaviors reflect the stochastic nature of kinetic barrier rupture in mechanical unfolding processes. Our results demonstrate that single-molecule atomic force microscopy is an ideal tool to investigate the folding/unfolding dynamics of complex multimodule proteins that are otherwise difficult to study using traditional methods.
Analysis of four seeds used as soup thickeners in the South Eastern part of Nigeria

Food safety is a primary concern for everyone, especially in our country Nigeria where it forms part of the government 7-point agenda. Some seeds used as soup thickeners include Afzelia africana, Brachystogia nigerica, Mucuna sloanei and Detarium microcarpum. The analysis of the proximate composition of the four selected seeds revealed that there were predominantly made up of carbohydrate (ranging from 86.27±0.80% in Afzelia africana to 96.12±0.60% in Detarium microcarpum) and were very low in moisture, protein, fiber, and ash. Analysis of the vitamin contents showed that the seeds were high in water-soluble vitamins. Investigation into the vegetable oil properties extracted from the four seeds showed that Afzelia africana has the highest oil content of 18.50% while Mucuna sloanei, Brachystogia nigerica and Deutarium microcarpum have 6.25%, 7.91% and 7.41% respectively. Afzelia africana also has the highest value of total fatty matter (98.47%) of all the samples. Deutarium microcarpum has moisture content of 5.80%, Brachystogia nigerica 4.30%, Mucuna sloanei 4.07% and Afzelia africana 2.80%. The acid value ranged from 0.20 for Deutarium microcarpum to 4.90 mgKOH/g for Mucuna sloanei. The free fatty acid content ranged from 2.60 for Afzelia africana to 14.00% in Brachystogia nigerica. The saponification value of Afzelia africana, Mucuna sloanei, Brachystogia nigerica and Detarium microcarpum were 229.12, 182.00, 162.90 and 123.3mgKOH/g respectively while the iodine values were found to be less than 100. Afzelia africana contained 41.25% linoleic acid, 33.65% palmitic acid, 12.65% oleic acid, 6.97% stearic acid, 1.54% myristic acid and trace amount of lauric acid 0.69%. Mucuna sloanei was found to be composed of 67.12% palmitic acid, 6.19% myristic acid and 4.71% myristoleic acid. The fatty acid profile of Brachystogia nigerica revealed 52.36% palmitic acid, 18.09% oleic acid, 14.12% stearic acid, 4.08% myristic acid and 1.46% lauric acid. Detarium microcarpum contained 6.86% myristoleic acid, 5.87% myristic acid and 2.28% linolenic acid. Afzelia africana had the highest iodine value of 74.10 while Mucuna sloanei, Brachystogia nigerica and Detarium microcarpum had 6.79, 25.70 and 55.00 (Wij's) respectively. The amino acid profile showed that they contained a reasonable amount of essential amino acids in g/100g protein such as of lysine (3.02–7.90), histidine (2.18–4.5), of threonine 1.13–2.04), valine (1.82–3.37), methionine (1.11–7.82), leucine (3.77–6.23), isoleucine (1.62–2.57), phenylalanine (1.88–4.67) and arginine (3.37–9.30). This supports that the seeds can supply essential nutrients such as amino acids and essential fatty acids, (especially for Afzelia africana and Deutarium microcrpum) that the body cannot synthesize, but must be supplied exogenously. It showed also that it can maintain the protein/nitrogen balance in the body. The high carbohydrate content also showed its essence in nutrition, especially as thickeners while the vitamin contents supports their importance as part of a meal.
Excess Loyalty in Online Retailing

This study aims to explain the differences in behavioral loyalty that online retailers enjoy—an issue with high managerial relevance, but not systematically addressed before. Utilizing a generalized Dirichlet model, an empirical analysis based on an online panel reveals that customers generally exhibit high excess behavioral loyalty in online purchases and that the loyalty level an online retailer can expect varies across its operating product/service categories. An online retailer's market share, positioning strategy, concentration of customer spending, number of operating categories, and background are all found to be associated with the level of behavioral loyalty in its customer base.
Biological behavior of CIN lesions is predictable by multiple parameter logistic regression models.

OBJECTIVES Progression and regression of premalignant cervical lesions cannot be predicted using conventional cytomorphological or histomorphological parameters. However, markers such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or makers indicating proliferation, genetic instability and chromosomal aberration may be of predictive value assessing short-term biological behavior of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. In this paper, we have studied the usage of logistic regression models with Ki-67 labeling index (LI), chromosome index for chromosome 1 (CI#1) and aneusomy for chromosome 1 in cervical smears to predict progressive and regressive behavior of premalignant cervical lesions. METHODS Retrospectively, the intake smears of 42 women showing regression in follow-up and of 31 women showing progression in follow-up were assessed. RESULTS A multiparameter logistic regression model containing the parameters Ki-67 LI, CI#1 and the fraction of cells with four copies of chromosome 1 per nucleus appeared to be the best predicting model, overall correct classification of 93.2% (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.96 +/- 0.02). After cross-validation, the model correctly classified 66 of 73 samples (90.4%). Moreover, the model predicted biological behavior perfectly assessing the smear taken subsequently to the intake smear of 46 women. CONCLUSION Although measuring parameters indicating proliferation and chromosome 1 aberration is laborious, this study demonstrates that short-term progressive and regressive behavior is highly predictable using a model combing these parameters. We also showed that in the triage management of high-risk human papillomavirus-positive women with minimally abnormal smears applying a model as such can be useful.
High-temperature creep properties of fine grained heat-affected zone in P92 weldment

The simulated fine grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) specimens for P92 welded joints were prepared by heat treatment, then the creep tests were carried out at 650 ℃ under the applied stress of 90-120 MPa to investigate high-temperature creep behavior of FGHAZ. The results show that the creep property of FGHAZ is much inferior to that of the base metal, which exhibits the much higher steady creep rate and shorter time to creep fracture. The power law equation can describe the steady creep rate dependence on applied stress, indicating that the stress exponent n of FGHAZ is distinguished between two regions with n=15.1 at high stresses (more than 100 MPa) and n=8.64 at lower stresses. Based on Monkman-Grant equation, the relationship between the secondary creep rate and time to rupture is obtained to evaluate the creep life of FGHAZ with the applied stress above 100 MPa.
Real‐time ligand binding pocket database search using local surface descriptors

Because of the increasing number of structures of unknown function accumulated by ongoing structural genomics projects, there is an urgent need for computational methods for characterizing protein tertiary structures. As functions of many of these proteins are not easily predicted by conventional sequence database searches, a legitimate strategy is to utilize structure information in function characterization. Of particular interest is prediction of ligand binding to a protein, as ligand molecule recognition is a major part of molecular function of proteins. Predicting whether a ligand molecule binds a protein is a complex problem due to the physical nature of protein–ligand interactions and the flexibility of both binding sites and ligand molecules. However, geometric and physicochemical complementarity is observed between the ligand and its binding site in many cases. Therefore, ligand molecules which bind to a local surface site in a protein can be predicted by finding similar local pockets of known binding ligands in the structure database. Here, we present two representations of ligand binding pockets and utilize them for ligand binding prediction by pocket shape comparison. These representations are based on mapping of surface properties of binding pockets, which are compactly described either by the two‐dimensional pseudo‐Zernike moments or the three‐dimensional Zernike descriptors. These compact representations allow a fast real‐time pocket searching against a database. Thorough benchmark studies employing two different datasets show that our representations are competitive with the other existing methods. Limitations and potentials of the shape‐based methods as well as possible improvements are discussed. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Delay discounting: concepts and measures

Delay discounting, one element which underlies decision-making, can be defined as the depreciation of the value of a reward related to the time that it takes to be released. High rates of delay discounting are found in subjects who are willing to forgo greater rewards available only after some length of time and who show a preference for smaller rewards that are available immediately. Widely used as a measure of impulsiveness, delay discounting can be evaluated using experimental tasks. The present review evaluated tasks of delay discounting, their features, measures of evaluation and anomalies, and some variables that can affect delay discounting results and applications in the study of individual and intra-individual differences.