Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A nonuniform popularity-similarity optimization (nPSO) model to efficiently generate realistic complex networks with communities

The investigation of the hidden metric space behind complex network topologies is a fervid topic in current network science and the hyperbolic space is one of the most studied, because it seems associated to the structural organization of many real complex systems. The popularity-similarity-optimization (PSO) model simulates how random geometric graphs grow in the hyperbolic space, generating realistic networks with clustering, small-worldness, scale-freeness and rich-clubness. However, it misses to reproduce an important feature of real complex networks, which is the community organization. The geometrical-preferential-attachment (GPA) model was recently developed in order to confer to the PSO also a soft community structure, which is obtained by forcing different angular regions of the hyperbolic disk to have a variable level of attractiveness. However, the number and size of the communities cannot be explicitly controlled in the GPA, which is a clear limitation for real applications. Here, we introduce the nonuniform PSO (nPSO) model. Differently from GPA, the nPSO generates synthetic networks in the hyperbolic space where heterogeneous angular node attractiveness is forced by sampling the angular coordinates from a tailored nonuniform probability distribution (for instance a mixture of Gaussians). The nPSO differs from GPA in other three aspects: it allows one to explicitly fix the number and size of communities; it allows one to tune their mixing property by means of the network temperature; it is efficient to generate networks with high clustering. Several tests on the detectability of the community structure in nPSO synthetic networks and wide investigations on their structural properties confirm that the nPSO is a valid and efficient model to generate realistic complex networks with communities.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHITERCIPTANYA KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN KUMUHDI KAWASAN PUSAT KOTA(STUDI KASUS: KAWASAN PANCURAN, SALATIGA)

Kawasan Permukiman Pancuran adalah kawasan permukiman yang terletak di pusat Kota Salatiga yang dikelilingi oleh kawasan pertokoan Jend. Sudirman, Pasar Raya I dan II, Pasar Gedhe dan Pasar Blauran. Dalam perkembangannya, kawasan permukiman Pancuran ini dipengaruhi oleh interaksi kawasan perdagangan tersebut. Yang menjadi pertanyaan studi disini adalah: mengapa kawasan ini menjadi kumuh dan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhinya ? Analisis kajian secara kualitatif menjelaskan ada dua alasan dari pernyataan tersebut yaitu pengaruh dari dalam dan luar kawasan tersebut. Pengaruh dari dalam yaitu: karakteristik hunian, penghuni dan sarana dan prasarana. Karakteristik hunian yaitu kondisi rumah yang tidak sehat baik pencahayaan, udara dan toilet serta bersifat temporer, dimana tidak diperbaiki dengan baik. Hal ini sangat rentan terhadap kebakaran. Karakteristik penghuni: masyarakat kawasan Pancuran ini sebagian besar berpenghasilan rendah dan bekerja di bidang informal sektor. Karakteristik sarana dan prasarana seperti air bersih, sanitasi, jalan lingkungan dan drainase di kawasan ini kondisinya juga minim. Sedangkan pengaruh dari luar kawasan Pancuran antara lain adalah regulasi dan urbanisasi yang terjadi. Dari data survei dapat kita lihat banyak sekali kaum urbanis yang tinggal di kawasan ini. Para pendatang ini hanya tinggal sementara di kawasan ini karena kebanyakan mereka adalah pedagang yang mempunyai usaha di kawasan perdagangan di sekitar kawasan permukiman Pancuran. Para pendatang itu menyewa rumah ataupun kamar dengan pembanyaran harian maupun bulanan atau bahkan tahunan. Kebanyakan mereka berasal dari luar pinggiran kota ataupun luar daerah Salatiga. Sedangkan pada analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan metode analisis regresi dan diperoleh hasil bahwa faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh kuat penyebab Kawasan Permukiman Pancuran menjadi kumuh adalah tingkat penghasilan, status kepemilikan hunian, dan lama tinggal. Dari hasil analisis studi dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor yang menyebabkan kawasan Pancuran menjadi kumuh adalah faktor tingkat penghasilan, status kepemilikan hunian, dan lama tinggal. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, maka dapat direkomendasikan upaya perbaikan kualitas lingkungan perumahan dan permukiman di kawasan Pancuran ke arah yang lebih baik. Salah satu diantaranya adalah penataan kawasan melalui pembangunan RUSUNWAMA.
Comparing Middle Permian and Early Triassic Environments: Mud Aggregates as a Proxy for Climate Change in the Karoo Basin, South Africa

Part of the Geology Commons Colby College theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed or downloaded from this site for the purposes of research and scholarship. Reproduction or distribution for commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the author. Except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this thesis is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee ABSTRACT The Permian-Triassic Boundary (252.6 Ma) is an interval under intense study as changes across it represent the greatest loss of life in Earth history. Although the event is well understood and constrained in the marine realm, questions remain about extinction, climate, and environmental conditions on land. The Karoo Basin of South Africa is a focus of study due to the complete nature of its terrestrial record, specifically across this boundary. The identification of pedogenic mud aggregates document the presence of soils with abundant clays produced in a seasonally arid environment. The occurrence of these aggregates in low-sinuosity Early Triassic fluvial samples, but not in high-sinuosity Middle Permian samples, supports the hypothesis of increasing aridity following the extinction event. Additionally, the identification of two generations of aggregates in Early Triassic channel deposits (a carbon-rich signature and a carbon-poor signature) and only one generation in paleosol deposits indicates the removal of earlier generations of paleosols from the landscape. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Comparison of Influenza and SIV Specific CD8 T Cell Responses in Macaques

Macaques are a potentially useful non-human primate model to compare memory T-cell immunity to acute virus pathogens such as influenza virus and effector T-cell responses to chronic viral pathogens such as SIV. However, immunological reagents to study influenza CD8+ T-cell responses in the macaque model are limited. We recently developed an influenza-SIV vaccination model of pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina) and used this to study both influenza-specific and SIV-specific CD8+ T-cells in 39 pigtail macaques expressing the common Mane-A*10+ (Mane-A01*084) MHC-I allele. To perform comparative studies between influenza and SIV responses a common influenza nucleoprotein-specific CD8+ T-cell response was mapped to a minimal epitope (termed RA9), MHC-restricted to Mane-A*10 and an MHC tetramer developed to study this response. Influenza-specific memory CD8+ T-cell response maintained a highly functional profile in terms of multitude of effector molecule expression (CD107a, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MIP-1β and IL-2) and showed high avidity even in the setting of SIV infection. In contrast, within weeks following active SIV infection, SIV-specific CD8+ effector T-cells expressed fewer cytokines/degranulation markers and had a lower avidity compared to influenza specific CD8+ T-cells. Further, the influenza specific memory CD8 T-cell response retained stable expression of the exhaustion marker programmed death-marker-1 (PD-1) and co-stimulatory molecule CD28 following infection with SIV. This contrasted with the effector SIV-specific CD8+ T-cells following SIV infection which expressed significantly higher amounts of PD-1 and lower amounts of CD28. Our results suggest that strategies to maintain a more functional CD8+ T-cell response, profile may assist in controlling HIV disease.
Efficient generation of receiver operating characteristics for the evaluation of damage detection in practical structural health monitoring applications

Permanently installed guided wave monitoring systems are attractive for monitoring large structures. By frequently interrogating the test structure over a long period of time, such systems have the potential to detect defects much earlier than with conventional one-off inspection, and reduce the time and labour cost involved. However, for the systems to be accepted under real operational conditions, their damage detection performance needs to be evaluated in these practical settings. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) is an established performance metric for one-off inspections, but the generation of the ROC requires many test structures with realistic damage growth at different locations and different environmental conditions, and this is often impractical. In this paper, we propose an evaluation framework using experimental data collected over multiple environmental cycles on an undamaged structure with synthetic damage signatures added by superposition. Recent advances in computation power enable examples covering a wide range of practical scenarios to be generated, and for multiple cases of each scenario to be tested so that the statistics of the performance can be evaluated. The proposed methodology has been demonstrated using data collected from a laboratory pipe specimen over many temperature cycles, superposed with damage signatures predicted for a flat-bottom hole growing at different rates at various locations. Three damage detection schemes, conventional baseline subtraction, singular value decomposition (SVD) and independent component analysis (ICA), have been evaluated. It has been shown that in all cases, the component methods perform significantly better than the residual method, with ICA generally the better of the two. The results have been validated using experimental data monitoring a pipe in which a flat-bottom hole was drilled and enlarged over successive temperature cycles. The methodology can be used to evaluate the performance of an installed monitoring system and to show whether it is capable of detecting particular damage growth at any given location. It will enable monitoring results to be evaluated rigorously and will be valuable in the development of safety cases.
The Biological Basis of Social Interaction

The fact that brain disorder can impair social interactions in different ways suggests that social competence has multiple components that have foundations in brain systems. The physiological basis of one aspect of social cognition, theory of mind, is just beginning to be understood. Brain-imaging studies suggest that a network of areas linking medial prefrontal and temporal cortex forms the neural substrate of mentalizing, that is, representing one's own and other people's mental states. The medial prefrontal areas are prominent also in tasks that involve self-monitoring, whereas the temporal regions are prominent also in tasks that involve the representation of goals of actions. We speculate that the precursors of mentalizing ability derive from a brain system that evolved for representing agents and actions, and the relationships between them.
Contribution of the TATA motif to Tat-mediated transcriptional activation of human immunodeficiency virus gene expression

Tat-mediated transcriptional activation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression requires the presence of the cis-acting Tat-responsive element, TAR, and a functional enhancer-promoter element. The ability of Tat to function with heterologous enhancer sequences led us to examine the role of the minimal basal promoter for trans activation. Substitution of HIV TATA sequences (nucleotides -20 to -35) with TATA elements derived from other promoters had little effect on the basal level of transcription or the ability to activate the HIV long terminal repeat upon stimulation through upstream activation sequences. In contrast, minimal alterations within the TATA motif had a profound effect on trans activation, as demonstrated by the 3- to 10-fold reduction in activation following expression of Tat. Our findings suggest that minor changes in the TATA motif affect the composition of the initiation-elongation complex and that the composition of this complex is critical for Tat-dependent activation of gene expression.
Experience of meaning in everyday occupations among unemployed people with severe mental illness

Abstract The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the different facets of meaning that people who are severely mentally ill and unemployed may find in their everyday occupations. Twelve unemployed people with severe mental illness, six who attended day centres and six who did not, were interviewed regarding their experience of meaning in everyday occupations. The data were analysed with content analysis. The results showed that meaning was experienced when feeling competent and having a balance between different meaningful occupations that helped the informants control their mental illness. Themes of meaning were: being socially engaged, feeling competent and accepted by society, creating routines and being productive, being creative and seeking knowledge, and taking care of body and mind. Substitutes for paid work were found in occupations such as taking care of the household or being productive at a day centre. The results suggest that people with severe mental illness should be encouraged to play an active role in their rehabilitation process, and receive support from the occupational therapist in addressing aspects such as forming a social network and daily routines, and finding a balance between work-like occupations and rest.
Phase II trial of oral vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) in relapsed diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND Vorinostat has demonstrated activity in refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In a phase I trial, an encouraging activity in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was noted. PATIENTS AND METHODS We carried out a phase II trial (NCT00097929) of oral vorinostat 300 mg b.i. d. (14 days/3 weeks or 3 days/week) in patients with measurable, relapsed DLBCL who had received two or more systemic therapies. Response rate and duration (DOR), time to progression (TTP) and safety were assessed. RESULTS Eighteen patients were enrolled (median age: 66 years; median prior therapies: 2). Seven received 300 mg b.i. d. 14 days/3 weeks, but four had grade 3 or 4 toxicity (dose-limiting toxicity, DLT). The schedule was amended to 300 mg b.i. d. 3 days/week), and none had DLT. One achieved a complete response (TtR = 85 days; DOR =or >468 days) and one had stable disease (301 days). Sixteen discontinued for progressive disease; median TTP was 44 days. Median number of cycles was 2 (1 to >19). Common drug-related adverse experiences (AEs; mostly grade 1/2) were diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, anemia and vomiting. Three patients had dose reduction; none discontinued for drug-related AEs. Drug-related AE >or=grade 3 included thrombocytopenia (16.7%) and asthenia (11.1%). CONCLUSION Vorinostat was well tolerated at 300 mg b.i. d. 3 days/week or 200 mg b.i. d. 14 days/3 weeks but had limited activity against relapsed DLBCL.
Risk of Thyroid Cancer Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Solid organ transplant recipients have an elevated incidence of thyroid cancer. We evaluated a wide range of potential risk factors in a cohort of 229 300 U.S. solid organ transplant recipients linked with 15 stage/regional cancer registries (1987–2012). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, transplanted organ, year of transplantation, and time since transplantation. Hazard ratios (HRs) for death and/or graft failure were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, transplanted organ, and year of transplantation. After transplantation, 356 thyroid cancers were diagnosed. Thyroid cancer incidence was 2.50‐fold higher in transplant recipients than the general population (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–2.77). Among recipients of different organs, kidney recipients had the highest incidence of thyroid cancer (IRR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.03–1.53). Elevated thyroid cancer incidence was associated with cholestatic liver disease/cirrhosis as an indication for liver transplantation (IRR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.09–2.63), hypertensive nephrosclerosis as an indication for kidney transplantation (IRR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.03–1.94), and longer prior dialysis among kidney recipients (5+ vs. <1 year, IRR = 1.92, 95% CI 1.32–2.80; p‐trend <0.01). Posttransplantation diagnosis of thyroid cancer was associated with modestly increased risk of death (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.02–1.73). Overall, our results suggest that end‐stage organ disease and longer duration of dialysis may contribute to higher thyroid cancer incidence in transplant recipients.
**title** Asp Conference Series, Vol. **volume***, **year of Publication** **names of Editors** Six Years of Gamma Ray Burst Observations with Bepposax

I give a summary of the prompt X–/gamma–ray detections of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) with the BeppoSAX satellite and discuss some significant results obtained from the study of the prompt emission of these GRBs obtained with the BeppoSAX Gamma Ray Burst Monitor and Wide Field Cameras. All the efforts performed before BeppoSAX, an Italian satellite with Dutch participation (Boella et al. 1997a), of unveiling the mystery of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), had not solved the problem. The most relevant result in this direction was obtained with the BATSE experiment aboard the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO): the GRBs were isotropically but not homogeneously distributed in the sky. These facts were very suggestive of an extragalactic origin , but they were not a direct demonstration. Indeed, it was recognized (e.g., Fishman & Meegan 1995) that only the identification of a GRB counterpart at other wavelengths was needed in order to make a breakthrough in setting their distance scale. Moreover the presence of a delayed emission was not considered a necessary consequence the observed GRB phenomenon. Thus, about thirty years after the initial discovery, the GRBs were still a mysterious phenomenon. Thanks to BeppoSAX, this situation was reversed. The distance scale issue of long (> 1 s) GRBs has been definitely settled, the GRB afterglow emission at multiwavelengths has been discovered, with the GRB phenomenon, which is being unveiled. BeppoSAX has opened a new window in the GRB astronomy, providing most of the exciting results of the last 6 years. The high performance of BeppoSAX for GRB studies is due to a well–matched configuration of its payload, with both wide field instruments (WFIs) and narrow field telescopes (NFIs). The WFIs comprised a γ–ray (40–700 keV) all–sky monitor (Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor, GRBM, Frontera et al. 1997) and two Wide Field Cameras (WFCs, 2–28 keV, Jager et al. 1997). The NFIs included four focusing X-ray (0.1–10 keV) telescopes (one LECS, Parmar et al. 1997; and three MECS, Boella et al. 1997b) and two higher energy direct–viewing detectors (HPGSPC, Manzo et al. 1997, and PDS, Frontera et al. 1997). The BeppoSAX capability of precisely (arcmin accuracy) localizing GRBs was soon tested, only one month after the first light of the satellite, with the
Cumulative exposure to inorganic lead and neurobehavioural test performance in adults: an epidemiological review.

OBJECTIVES--To evaluate the current evidence that cumulative exposure to inorganic lead is associated with decreased performance in neurobehavioural tests in adults. METHODS--21 unique studies were reviewed from 28 published manuscripts. An algorithm was developed to determine the usefulness of each study on the basis of exposure assessment, control of confounding variables, methods of subject selection, test conditions, and data analysis. Highest emphasis was placed on the use of cumulative measures of exposure or absorption. RESULTS--Only three studies used a measure of cumulative exposure to or absorption of lead, and two others used duration of exposure as a surrogate for cumulative exposure. All other studies used a measure that did not adequately estimate cumulative exposure to lead, most often current blood lead concentration. 20 of the studies controlled for age as a confounding variable, although in several studies the possibility for residual confounding by age remained. 16 studies controlled for intellectual ability before exposure; all of them used educational level for this purpose. Of the five studies that used direct or surrogate measures of cumulative exposure to or absorption of lead, two were thought to be of low usefulness because of inadequate duration of exposure. The three remaining studies found stronger associations of neurobehavioural performance with recent exposure measures than with those of cumulative exposure. CONCLUSION--The current scientific literature provides inadequate evidence to conclude whether or not cumulative exposure to or absorption of lead adversely affects performance in neurobehavioural tests in adults. The current evidence is flawed because of inadequate estimation of cumulative exposure to or absorption of lead and inadequate control for age and intellectual ability before exposure.
Frequency Spectrum Filtering For Machinery Fault Diagnostics

This paper is a research effort to provide a stone in the building of machinery fault detection and diagnostics. It relies on using the spectrum analysis of the vibration signal using FFT. Depending on the expected faults of a specific machine, the technique of bandpass filtering is applied on the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal generating bandpass spectra helping in easier fault diagnostics. Central frequencies and proper bandwidth are assigned to generate the new spectra of the defected machine. A case study of an industrial fan is used an application for the proposed technique.
Expansion and long-range differentiation of the NKT cell lineage in mice expressing CD1d exclusively on cortical thymocytes

Unlike conventional major histocompatibility complex–restricted T cells, Vα14-Jα18 NKT cell lineage precursors engage in cognate interactions with CD1d-expressing bone marrow–derived cells that are both necessary and sufficient for their thymic selection and differentiation, but the nature and sequence of these interactions remain partially understood. After positive selection mediated by CD1d-expressing cortical thymocytes, the mature NKT cell lineage undergoes a series of changes suggesting antigen priming by a professional antigen-presenting cell, including extensive cell division, acquisition of a memory phenotype, the ability to produce interleukin-4 and interferon-γ, and the expression of a panoply of NK receptors. By using a combined transgenic and chimeric approach to restrict CD1d expression to cortical thymocytes and to prevent expression on other hematopoietic cell types such as dendritic cells, macrophages, or B cells, we found that, to a large extent, expansion and differentiation events could be imparted by a single-cognate interaction with CD1d-expressing cortical thymocytes. These surprising findings suggest that, unlike thymic epithelial cells, cortical thymocytes can provide unexpected, cell type–specific signals leading to lineage expansion and NKT cell differentiation.
A Comparison of Parent and Child Perception of the Child's Behavior

When children are brought to a clinic because of behavioral disturbances, parents are usually asked to complete several forms, including ones which describe the children's behavior. In this study children as well as parents were asked to complete the behavioral description form. Of 52 items on the questionnaire, a significant level of agreement (p ≤ .05) was found on only 7 items, suggesting that parent and child perceive the child's behavior differently. Because clinicians and others dealing with children often depend solely on the parent's description of behavior in the evaluation process, they need to be aware of this discrepancy when making use of behavior rating forms during the evaluation of children with behavior problems.