Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detrimental Citizenship Behaviour: A Multilevel Framework of Antecedents and Consequences

ABSTRACT There is regular and explicit media coverage of employee behaviour intended to advance organizational goals, but that harms stakeholder interests in ways that exceed necessity and reason. Although several constructs such as workplace deviance, organizational misbehaviour, corporate crime and corruption, and unethical pro-organizational behaviour have been advanced to account for this type of behaviour, no comprehensive framework exists that also includes the full scope of its important consequences. Accordingly, we propose the umbrella construct of detrimental citizenship behaviour (DCB) that allows us to integrate and build upon previous related conceptualizations that have developed mostly in parallel bodies of research. We rely on ethical decision-making, creativity, and instrumental stakeholder theories to embed the umbrella DCB construct within a multi-level and longitudinal model. The DCB model includes processes through which such behaviour and its consequences unfold over time for organizational members, organizations, and society at large. The proposed framework describes, explains, and predicts DCB and also leads to suggestions for future research. In addition, we offer suggestions regarding how to manage this highly consequential type of organizational behaviour, thereby engaging in a much-needed science-practice dialogue in management and organization studies.
BAFF is elevated in serum of patients with psoriasis: association with disease activity

Unlike spinal dermal sinuses, these lesions have no association with the central nervous system. There are no hillocks in the anterior chest, as seen in the auricular region. Therefore, the pathogenesis of the peristernal dermal sinuses seems to be different from that of the periauricular sinuses, which represent incomplete union of the hillocks. We found an article on a sinus in the midline of the anterior thoracic wall associated with a sternal cleft. However, it is thought to be different from our cases, in which there was no association with any sternal cleft. The described lesions were located on the midline of the sternum and ended at the body of the sternum, while our patients had lesions located at the peristernal region and ending at the fascia of the pectoralis major muscle. Of course, we cannot conclude that development of the sternum does not affect the surrounding skin without existence of a sternal cleft. The pathogenesis of dermoid cysts may be the clue to understanding the aetiology of peristernal dermal sinuses. Dermoid cysts usually appear along the lines of embryonic fusion during fetal development. It is considered that some pieces of the ectoderm may get pinched off as the suture lines close, and become sequestered from the cutaneous tissues. One possible hypothesis is that the peristernal dermal sinus is a step in dermoid cyst formation. That is to say, ectodermal pieces did not get pinched off completely, and formed a tract before they were separated from the surface skin. We need to observe more cases of peristernal ‘dermoid cysts’ to see if this hypothesis is correct. However, dermoid cysts around the sternum are also rare. Therefore, this hypothesis seems to lack rationality. Accordingly, further studies on these lesions are necessary. For diagnosis of this entity, probing is simple and reveals the direction and depth of the tract. If ultrasonography is available, it is also helpful as shown in our cases. We think that even asymptomatic lesions should be excised because of their uncertain behaviour. In fact, we encountered one case of recurrent infection (patient 6). Regarding the treatment, in all five excised lesions, the tracts ended at the fascia of the pectoralis major muscle. Thus, extirpation of the peristernal dermal sinuses is not technically difficult, and therefore we suggest that surgery is the most effective therapy for such lesions.
Compact Filtering Rat-Race Hybrid With Wide Stopband

This paper presents a novel method to design filtering rat-race hybrids with wide-stopband bandpass responses. Four ± K-inverters with bandpass functions are utilized to replace the one or three quarter-wavelength transmission lines in the conventional rat-race hybrid. The ± K-inverters consist of transmission lines and capacitors, which can reduce the area occupied and suppress the high-order harmonics. Furthermore, the isolation performance is enhanced by embedding the ± K-inverters. Theoretical analysis is carried out and design equations are derived. For demonstration, a filtering rat-race hybrid with bandpass responses is implemented. The center frequency is located at 470 MHz with the insertion loss of 1.2 dB. Good in-phase and out-of-phase characteristics are observed. Comparisons between the measured and simulated results are also presented to verify the theoretical analysis. The overall size is only 4.6% of the conventional hybrid and stopband is extended to 5f0.
Human face recognition ability is specific and highly heritable

Compared with notable successes in the genetics of basic sensory transduction, progress on the genetics of higher level perception and cognition has been limited. We propose that investigating specific cognitive abilities with well-defined neural substrates, such as face recognition, may yield additional insights. In a twin study of face recognition, we found that the correlation of scores between monozygotic twins (0.70) was more than double the dizygotic twin correlation (0.29), evidence for a high genetic contribution to face recognition ability. Low correlations between face recognition scores and visual and verbal recognition scores indicate that both face recognition ability itself and its genetic basis are largely attributable to face-specific mechanisms. The present results therefore identify an unusual phenomenon: a highly specific cognitive ability that is highly heritable. Our results establish a clear genetic basis for face recognition, opening this intensively studied and socially advantageous cognitive trait to genetic investigation.
Peer Mentoring for Health Behavior Change: A Systematic Review

Background: Peer mentoring can be a powerful complement to health instruction. Mentoring has been used to change health behaviors and promote sustainable lifestyle patterns in adults and, more recently, among adolescents. Purpose: This article reviews the use of peer mentoring to promote health practices and describes how this approach can be used in school settings. Methods: A systematic review of the literature identified evaluation studies on the effectiveness of peer mentoring for promoting health behavior change is presented. Results: A growing literature supports peer mentoring as an effective approach to health behavior change. Peer mentoring allows for the incorporation of skill-building activities; reinforcement of self-regulation activities; engagement in individual and group activities; and social support to meet personal health goals. Translation to Health Education Practice: With peer mentors, the promotion of health behavior change can be tailored to personal interests, talents, and the contextual environment. Mentoring programs can benefit schools by establishing social networks using positive role models of health behaviors as mentors.
An Overview of Wavelet Based Multiresolution Analyses

In this paper an overview of wavelet based multiresolution analyses is presented. First, the continuous wavelet transform in its simplest form is discussed. Then, the definition of a multiresolution analysis is given and how wavelets fit into it is shown. The authors take a closer look at orthogonal, biorthogonal and semiorthogonal wavelets. The fast wavelet transform, wavelets on an interval, multidimensional wavelets and wavelet packets are discussed. Several examples of wavelet families are introduced and compared. Finally, the essentials of two major applications are outlined: data compression and compression of linear operators.
Research Paper No . 2004 / 9 An Aggregate View of Macroeconomic Shocks in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper investigates the impacts and responses of macroeconomic shocks in some domestic economies in Sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1961-99; more specifically, it seeks to answer the question of whether there are any systematic differences in the responses of the CFA franc zones and the non-CFA franc zone countries to macroeconomic shocks. Based on the Blanchard-Quah methodology, we identify shocks to the changes in real exchange rate and output using a structural VAR (SVAR) model for these small open economies. Our finding that the real exchange rate innovations in the CFA franc zones are largely independent of domestic variables suggests that external influence is more important in the CFA zones. There is also some evidence that money demand shocks are more significant in the non-CFA franc zone countries. /
Cooperative working of bacterial chromosome replication proteins generated by a reconstituted protein expression system

Replication of all living cells relies on the multirounds flow of the central dogma. Especially, expression of DNA replication proteins is a key step to circulate the processes of the central dogma. Here we achieved the entire sequential transcription–translation–replication process by autonomous expression of chromosomal DNA replication machineries from a reconstituted transcription–translation system (PURE system). We found that low temperature is essential to express a complex protein, DNA polymerase III, in a single tube using the PURE system. Addition of the 13 genes, encoding initiator, DNA helicase, helicase loader, RNA primase and DNA polymerase III to the PURE system gave rise to a DNA replication system by a coupling manner. An artificial genetic circuit demonstrated that the DNA produced as a result of the replication is able to provide genetic information for proteins, indicating the in vitro central dogma can sequentially undergo two rounds.
Susceptibility to autoimmune chronic active hepatitis: Human leukocyte antigens DR4 and A1‐B8‐DR3 are independent risk factors

After nearly 18 years of research, the association between human leukocyte antigens A1‐B8‐DR3 and autoimmune chronic active hepatitis still provokes debate. The principal reasons for this are disease heterogeneity and racial variation in the distribution of human leukocyte antigens between populations. The aim of the present study was to reexamine the relationship between these antigens and autoimmune chronic active hepatitis in a well‐characterized series of patients. Ninety‐six outpatients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and an additional 14 referred for liver transplantation with end‐stage autoimmune chronic active hepatitis were studied. Human leukocyte antigen frequencies were compared with those of 100 racially and geographically matched controls. The A1‐B8‐DR3 haplotype was present in 38% of patients compared with 11% of controls (x2 = 20.6, p < 0.0005). When all the DR3‐positive patients were eliminated, there was a striking secondary association with DR4; 35 (80%) of 44 remaining patients were DR4 positive compared with 31 (39%) of 79 DR3‐negative controls (Fisher's exact probability test p = 0.000031, pc = 0.0013). In addition patients with A1‐B8‐DR3 are seen at a significantly younger age than those without (39.75 yr vs. 48.21 yr, p < 0.025), relapse more frequently (52% of patients with A1‐B8‐DR3 relapsed on one or more occasions compared with 34% of patients without this haplotype) and are more frequently referred for liver transplantation. These data indicate for the first time that two genes within the major histocompatibility complex closely linked to the DR3 and DR4 genes independently confer susceptibility to autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:701–706.)
Effects of GSTM1/GSTT1 Gene Polymorphism and Fruit & Vegetable Consumption on Antioxidant Biomarkers and Cognitive Function in the Elderly: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background It was reported that Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphism and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake were associated with body antioxidant capacity. The oxidative/anti-oxidative imbalance played an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, the association of GST genotype, dietary FV consumption with body antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly is not clear. Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the association of GST genotype, and dietary FV intake, with antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data of dietary FV intakes in 504 community dwelling elderly aged from 55 to 75 years old. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by using multiple-PCR method. Plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant biomarkers were measured. Cognitive function was measured by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Statistical analysis was applied for exploring the association of GST genotype and FV intake with antioxidant biomarkers level and cognitive function in the elderly. Results Individual GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene deletion affects body antioxidant biomarkers levels, including erythrocyte GST activity, plasma total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione levels. GSTM1and/or GSTT1 gene deletion have no effects on cognitive function in the surveyed participants. The effect of GST genotype on antioxidant biomarkers are FV intake dependent. There is interaction of FV intake and GST genotype on cognitive function in the elderly. Conclusion GST genotype or daily FV consumption impact body antioxidant biomarkers, but not cognitive function in the elderly. There were combined effects of GST genotype and FV consumption on cognitive function in the elderly population. Large scale perspective population study is required to explore the association of GST genetic polymorphism, FV consumption and antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly.
Aneurysm-related subarachnoid hemorrhage and acute subdural hematoma: single-center series and systematic review.

OBJECT Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with simultaneous acute subdural hematoma (SDH) is a severe disease. The authors' objective was to analyze the incidence, prognosis, and clinical outcome of patients suffering from aneurysm-related SAH and space-occupying acute SDH. METHODS Between June 1999 and June 2011, data from 989 patients with aneurysm-related SAH were prospectively entered into a database. Eighteen patients (1.8%) presented with aneurysm-related SAH and space-occupying acute SDH. The treatment decision (clip or coil) was based on an interdisciplinary approach. Outcome was assessed according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months and was dichotomized into favorable outcome (mRS Score 0-2) versus unfavorable outcome (mRS Score 3-6). PubMed was searched for published studies of aneurysm-related SAH and acute SDH to gain a larger population. A multivariate regression analysis was performed on the pooled data. RESULTS Literature data, including the current series, revealed a total of 111 patients. Overall, 38 (34%) of 111 patients with aneurysm-related SAH and acute SDH achieved favorable outcome. Favorable outcome was achieved in 68% of patients with good-grade clinical presentation on admission (Hunt and Hess Grades I-III) versus 23% of the patients with poor-grade presentation (Hunt and Hess Grades IV and V, p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, poor clinical condition at admission was the only predictor for unfavorable outcome (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The present data confirm that patients with aneurysm-related SAH and acute SDH, even when presenting in poor clinical condition, might achieve favorable outcome. Therefore, treatment of patients with SAH and acute SDH should not be discontinued, but careful individual decision making is necessary for each patient.
Effects of High Schools on Their Students

Few people doubt that there are good and bad high schools, or that high-school quality is related in some way to high-school characteristics. Yet findings from studies of high-school effectiveness have not been consistent. Using data from Project Talent, Christopher Jencks and Marsha Brown show that earlier findings have been inconsistent because comprehensive high schools rarely have consistent effects on test scores, eventual educational attainment, or occupational status. Moreover, the authors find few relationships between high-school characteristics and any measure of high-school effectiveness. From these findings, they argue that, at least for whites, changes in high-school characteristics like teacher experience, class size, and social composition are unlikely to change high-school effectiveness, and that holding schools accountable for one outcome is unlikely to guarantee effectiveness on another. They also argue that the equalization of high-school quality would do little to reduce inequality amo.
Predictors of the first heart failure hospitalization in patients who are stable survivors of myocardial infarction complicated by pulmonary congestion and/or left ventricular dysfunction: a VALIANT study.

AIMS We sought to assess the incidence of and prognostic factors for heart failure (HF) hospitalization among survivors of high-risk acute myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the risk of an initial hospitalization for HF in 11 040 stable MI patients (no major non-fatal cardiovascular events or deaths within 45 days of randomization) without a prior history of HF enrolled in the VALIANT trial. Multivariable models were developed to identify independent predictors of HF and HF or cardiovascular death. Of 11 040 stable post-MI patients, 1139 (10.3%) developed HF during the median 25-month follow-up at a rate of approximately 3.4% per year. Most patients, 824 (72.3%), did not have a symptomatic recurrent MI between randomization and the onset of HF. The most important predictors of HF were older age, antecedent diabetes, prior MI before index MI, and reduced renal function. HF markedly increased the risk of death [HR(hazard ratio) 8.22; 95% CI(confidence interval), 7.49-9.01]. CONCLUSION HF post high risk-MI occurs in a time-dependent fashion and is usually not directly related to re-infarction. Patients who experience HF beyond the acute phase have increased mortality. Long-term survivors of high-risk MI should be followed closely and treated aggressively beyond the acute MI period.
RAMSEY MONETARY POLICY WITH CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND NOMINAL RIGIDITIES

Recent literature on the design of optimal monetary policy has shown that deviations from price stability are small whenever prices are sticky. This paper reconsiders this issue by introducing capital accumulation in the model. Optimal monetary policy in this setup implies small deviations from price stability. The monetary authority optimally uses inflation as an explicit tax on monopolistic profits to reduce the price markup across states. Variable markup is achieved in this setup because the share of investment demand over output varies across states and in response to TFP shocks.
Organizational spiritual leadership of worlds “made” and “found”

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce and define the concepts of “energy” and “feel” into understanding organizational spiritual leadership. It does so through the following. First, it offers a view of workplace spirituality by defining the role of organizational spiritual leadership. Second, it introduces the metaphors of “made” as well as “found” organizational worlds, reflecting a constructivist and positivist perspective, respectively, and highlight their relevance to organizational spirituality. Third, it adapts David Kolb's experiential learning model to articulate an experiential learning model for navigating feel in both “made” and “found” worlds. Finally, it derives implications for leadership and organizational development research and practice in the context of workplace spirituality moving forward. Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual paper. It explores the ideas of “feel,” “energy,” and “inspiration” in the context of organizational spirituality. It also articulate.
Cosmopolitan nationalism and the cultural reach of the white British

In recent years, strong claims have been made for the breakdown of national boundaries and the reformation of national identities in an increasingly interconnected global world – driven in large part by the possibilities and limitations that emerge from an increasingly global media world. It has been argued that new postnational, cosmopolitan subjectivities accompany, enable and feed off globally oriented forms of cultural consumption. This article examines these claims in the light of unusually comprehensive data on the tastes of the white British population collected in a large national sample survey, in-depth interviews and focus groups. By identifying and analysing the geographical spread of the cultural referents of the tastes of the white British we make an empirical assessment of the claims for cosmopolitan identities. We argue that if white British identities are being reformed by processes of globalisation it is, paradoxically, in an increasingly Anglophone direction.
Hyaluronan synthesis is necessary for autoreactive T-cell trafficking, activation, and Th1 polarization

Significance 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) is an oral drug that inhibits synthesis of hyaluronan, an extracellular matrix polymer implicated in autoimmunity. In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (MS), 4-MU drives the polarization of T cells away from a Th1 phenotype, associated with disease progression, and toward a FoxP3+ regulatory T-cell phenotype, associated with disease prevention. Moreover, 4-MU inhibits the reactive response of astrocytes, immunocompetent resident cells of the CNS, and prevents trafficking of activated T cells to the CNS. These data suggest that the extracellular matrix, and hyaluronan in particular, may be an active contributor to autoimmune pathogenesis in EAE and, furthermore, that 4-MU is a promising strategy for treatment of CNS autoimmunity. The extracellular matrix polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) accumulates at sites of autoimmune inflammation, including white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS), but its functional importance in pathogenesis is unclear. We have evaluated the impact of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), an oral inhibitor of HA synthesis, on disease progression in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. Treatment with 4-MU decreases the incidence of EAE, delays its onset, and reduces the severity of established disease. 4-MU inhibits the activation of autoreactive T cells and prevents their polarization toward a Th1 phenotype. Instead, 4-MU promotes polarization toward a Th2 phenotpye and induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Further, 4-MU hastens trafficking of T cells through secondary lymphoid organs, impairs the infiltration of T cells into the CNS parenchyma, and limits astrogliosis. Together, these data suggest that HA synthesis is necessary for disease progression in EAE and that treatment with 4-MU may be a potential therapeutic strategy in CNS autoimmunity. Considering that 4-MU is already a therapeutic, called hymecromone, that is approved to treat biliary spasm in humans, we propose that it could be repurposed to treat MS.