Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glycosaminoglycans facilitate the movement of fibroblasts through three-dimensional collagen matrices.

The effect of glycosaminoglycans on the invasion of choroid fibroblasts into type I collagen gels was studied. Both hyaluronate and chondroitin sulphate, when incorporated into the gel, facilitated invasion of the collagen matrix, although hyaluronate was considerably more effective. Hyaluronate-induced fibroblast invasion was markedly concentration-dependent, being reduced at both high and low concentrations. Increased cell invasion appeared to correlate with denser packing of collagen fibrils within the gel, since the same effect could be achieved by increasing the collagen concentration of native, i.e. glycosaminoglycan-free gels. Scanning electron microscopy of the interior of the collagen gels suggested that changes in packing arrangement of fibrils in gels that had polymerized in the presence of glycosaminoglycans might account in part for different rates of cell invasion.
Micromechanical properties of anomalously electrodeposited nanocrystalline Nickel-Cobalt alloys: a review

The microhardness values of the anomalously electrodeposited nanocrystalline Nickel-Cobalt (eNiCo) alloys reported in the literature varies in the range of 290 HV-700 HV, where a given alloy composition possess variable microhardness values, which considerably limits the prospective uses of these alloys. Therefore, this review systematically analyzes the influence of the electrodeposition operating conditions on the resultant micromechanical properties of the eNiCo alloys. The electrodeposition operating conditions reviewed in this paper includes the electrolyte metal content, bath pH value, organic bath additives, electrodeposition mode (direct current and pulse plating mode) and the bath temperature. The anomalous co-deposition models and the material strengthening phenomena are also considered. The literature review shows that when the alloy composition is varied exclusively by varying the electrolyte cobalt content, then the microhardness value increases with an increase in the alloy cobalt content up to 45 wt%–55 wt%. However, when certain additives and combination of operating conditions (pulse plating mode, forced bath convection etc) are used, finer grain deposits are obtained, which consecutively results in deposits with higher microhardness values independent of the alloy composition. The comprehensive literature review is concluded by further research aspects, which should be investigated to exploit the micromechanical properties of the eNiCo alloy system to a higher extent for MEMS and microforming applications.
Religious Tolerance In Indonesia

This study aims to describe how religious tolerance in early childhood is formed in Balun Village, Indonesia. This research used qualitative research type with ethnography method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, photo documentation, and written documentation. Data analysis used the Spradley model. The results of the study show that religious tolerance is formed through regional traditional activities involving inter-religious communities. Then, tolerance is also formed through children's daily play activities, and the provision of examples by parents and the environment (sociocultural) which has a very high impact on the cultivation of tolerance for children. Keywords—religious tolerance, early childhood, ethnography
Dynamic Olley-Pakes Decomposition with Entry and Exit

Industry productivity is a weighted average of firm-level productivity. This productivity average can change due to i) changes in the distribution of firm-level productivity, ii) market share reallocation, iii) contributions of entering firms and iv) contributions of exiting firms. Several decomposition methods have been developed in order to appropriately identify the contributions of these four channels to industry productivity changes. This paper shows that widely-used decompositions yield biased contributions of surviving, entering and exiting firms. We also find biased contributions of within-firm productivity improvements and market share reallocation for surviving firms. Building on the cross-sectional decomposition proposed by Olley and Pakes (1996), we propose a decomposition that eliminates these biases. Our decomposition expresses its components in terms of moments of joint size and productivity distributions for three sets of firms: survivors, entrants and exitors. Using panel data on Slovenian manufacturing firms, we compare the results of different decompositions and find that new decomposition gives more realistic estimates of contributions of different channels to the change in the aggregate productivity.
A critical review of techniques for classifying quality attributes in the Kano model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is: to review the most commonly used approaches to the classification of quality attributes according to the Kano model; to identify the theoretical/practical strengths and weaknesses of these techniques; and to provide guidance for future research and managerial practice in this area.Design/methodology/approach – Based on an extensive review of the literature on the Kano model and the relevant marketing/management literature, five approaches (Kano's method; “penalty‐reward contrast analysis”; “importance grid”; qualitative data methods; and “direct classification”) are evaluated in terms of their validity and reliability for categorising attributes in the Kano model. Several illustrative examples provide empirical evidence for the theoretical arguments advanced in the study.Findings – The Kano questionnaire and the direct‐classification method are the only approaches that are capable of classifying Kano attributes in the design stage of a product/service. Penalty‐rewar.
Exploitation of multi-channel communications in industrial wireless sensor applications: Avoiding interference and enabling coexistence

Most of the current wireless sensor networks operate on crowded unlicensed frequency bands. Especially in industrial wireless sensor applications this causes problems because of the received interference from other systems and coexistence problems with other wireless sensor networks. Multi-channel communications can be utilized to improve the performance under interference and enable coexistence of different applications. In this paper we propose a novel multi-channel Media Access Control (MAC) approach designed especially for industrial wireless sensor networks, named Generic Multi-channel MAC protocol (G-McMAC). G-McMAC performs well in terms of delay and throughput while it is also robust to interference and enables coexistence. In addition, G-McMAC is flexible, scalable and easily implementable to various applications since it does not use predetermined frame structures. Our theoretical results imply that G-McMAC outperforms other existing solutions. In addition, simulation results from a real-world industrial scenario show that G-McMAC is applicable for industrial wireless sensor applications.
Patients' experiences of psychiatric intensive care : an interpretive phenomenological analysis

Psychiatric intensive care is for patients who are compulsorily detained and are in an acute phase of a serious mental disorder. They have a loss of capacity for self-control, an increase in risk of aggression, suicide and self-harm. This compromises the physical and psychological wellbeing of themselves and others and does not enable their safe, therapeutic management and treatment in a general open acute ward. Psychiatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) are small, highly staffed wards that provide intensive treatment to reduce risk, disturbance and vulnerability. They are open plan and may have seclusion facilities. Being cared for in a PICU can be a difficult, distressing and stressful time for patients, their family and carers and also provides one of the greatest challenges for the clinical staff caring for them.There is very little evidence and understanding about what it is like to experience this intensive care and an absence of research that examinespatient perception and satisfaction with services. In light of this, the aims of this project are to illuminate patients experiences of psychiatric intensive care, to initiate an understanding of what it is like to be cared for in PICU and to explore the meaning that patients ascribe to their experiences of psychiatric intensive care. This project is an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) of the accounts of patients receiving psychiatric intensive care. IPA is an approach to qualitative research that aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given phenomenon. Usually these phenomena relate to experiences of some personal significance, in this instance the episode of care in a PICU. Supported by the Trust Service User and Carer Research Group, this study undertook observations of patients during the time they spent on a PICU and once transferred to an open ward, four patient interviews were carried out.The findings have contributed to the existing literature regarding psychiatric intensive care.A number of implications for practice were identified, including the emotional wellbeing of patients distinct to their mental distress, the nature and impact of sedation, seclusion and care interventions and finally, the role and function of the [changeable] ward community.
The Mediating Role of Training Behaviors on Self-Reported Mental Toughness and Mentally Tough Behavior in Swimming

Self-regulated training behaviors play a vital role in athletes’ physical and mental sporting development. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-regulated training behaviors (self- and coach-rated) on the relationship between self-reported mental toughness (MT) and coaches’ perceptions of swimmers’ mentally tough behavior (MTb) in competition. A second purpose of the study was to examine how discrepancies in coach and athlete perceptions of training behaviors related to coach perceptions of swimmers’ MTb in competition. A sample of 12 swimming coaches (11 men and 1 women) and 208 of their competitive swimmers (86 men and 122 women) participated in the study. The swimmers completed self-report assessments of MT and self-regulated training behaviors. The coaches completed questionnaires regarding observations of their swimmers’ MTb in competition and a smaller pool of items from the athletes self-regulated training behaviors questionnaire. Findings supported our hypotheses that MT was positively related to self-regulated training behaviors (self- and coach-rated), and training behaviors were positively related to coach-rated MTb. Further, self-regulated training behaviors (&bgr; = 0.12; confidence interval [CI; 0.05, 0.20]) and coach-rated perceptions of training behaviors (&bgr; = 0.07; CI [0.03, 0.13]) mediated the relationship between self-report MT and coach-rated MTb in competition. Finally, a significant amount of variance in MTb was accounted for (23%) only when there was agreement between the coach and the athlete regarding the level of self-regulated training behaviors. We recommend that future research examines what specific types of training behaviors positively influence MT.
Hyperbolic Kac-Moody superalgebras

We present a classification of the hyperbolic Kac-Moody (HKM) superalgebras. The HKM superalgebras of rank larger or equal than 3 are finite in number (213) and limited in rank (6). The Dynkin-Kac diagrams and the corresponding simple root systems are determined. We also discuss a class of singular sub(super)algebras obtained by a folding procedure.
The Application of Leaf Ultrasonic Resonance to Vitis vinifera L. Suggests the Existence of a Diurnal Osmotic Adjustment Subjected to Photosynthesis

The main objective of this study was to apply the air-coupled broad-band ultrasonic spectroscopy in attached transpiring leaves of Vitis vinifera L. to monitor changes in leaf water potential (Ψ) through the measurements of the standardized value of the resonant frequency associated with the maximum transmitance (f/fo). With this purpose, the response of grapevine to a drought stress period was investigated in terms of leaf water status, ultrasounds, gas exchange and sugar accumulation. Two strong correlations were obtained between f/fo and Ψ measured at predawn (pd) and at midday (md) with different slopes. This fact implied the existence of two values of Ψ for a given value of f/fo, which was taken as a sign that the ultrasonic technique was not directly related to the overall Ψ, but only to one of its components: the turgor pressure (P). The difference in Ψ at constant f/fo (δ) was found to be dependent on net CO2 assimilation (A) and might be used as a rough estimator of photosynthetic activity. It was then, the other main component of Ψ, osmotic potential (π), the one that may have lowered the values of md Ψ with respect to pd Ψ by the accumulation of sugars associated to net CO2 assimilation. This phenomenon suggests the existence of a diurnal osmotic adjustment in this species associated to sugars production in well-watered plants.
The Impacts of Credit on Village Economies June 11 , 2011

This paper evaluates the short-term impact of Thailand’s ‘Million Baht Village Fund’program, among the largest scale government microfinance iniative in the world, using preand post-program panel data and quasi-experimental cross-village variation in credit-per-household. We find that the village funds have increased total short-term credit, consumption, agricultural investment, income growth (from business and labor), but decreased overall asset growth. We also find a positive impact on wages, an important general equilibrium effect. The findings are broadly consistent qualitatively with models of credit-constrained household behavior and models of intermediation and growth.
The Pareto archived evolution strategy: a new baseline algorithm for Pareto multiobjective optimisation

Most popular evolutionary algorithms for multiobjective optimisation maintain a population of solutions from which individuals are selected for reproduction. In this paper, we introduce a simpler evolution scheme for multiobjective problems, called the Pareto archived evolution strategy (PAES). We argue that PAES may represent the simplest possible non-trivial algorithm capable of generating diverse solutions in the Pareto optimal set. The algorithm is identified as being a (1+1) evolution strategy, using local search from a population of one but using a reference archive of previously found solutions in order to identify the approximate dominance ranking of the current and candidate solution vectors. PAES is intended as a good baseline approach, against which more involved methods may be compared, and may also serve well in some real-world applications when local search seems superior to or competitive with population-based methods. The performance of the new algorithm is compared with that of a MOEA based on the niched Pareto GA on a real world application from the telecommunications field. In addition, we include results from experiments carried out on a suite of four test functions, to demonstrate the algorithm's general capability.
Successful Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis with a Steroid and a Probiotic

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a serious disease that not only affects quality of life but can also have a significant effect on patient survival. The treatment for PSC is primarily supportive with the aim of controlling cholestatic symptoms and preventing complications. Ursodeoxycholic acid may induce biochemical improvements in affected patients; however, long-term pediatric studies to determine its possible benefits in young patients are lacking. Thus, the treatment of pediatric PSC remains a significant clinical challenge. We describe a patient with PSC and undetermined colitis who was treated with a combination of a steroid, salazosulfapyridine, and a probiotic. This treatment provided benefits both for PSC and the undetermined colitis. These findings suggest that bacterial flora and gut inflammation are closely associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-related PSC. Suppression of bowel inflammation and maintenance of bacterial homeostasis may be important for treating PSC.
Whom to help and why? Family norms on financial support for adult children among immigrants

ABSTRACT Financial support for immigrant-origin children is crucial for their integration and success in the host society. Family solidarity norms among minority populations, however, tend to differ from those regulating intergenerational support exchange among natives. Do such differences reflect specific cultural preferences and expectations? Using original data collected via a semi-structured questionnaire featuring vignettes, we explore values and norms about parental financial support towards children among Chinese, Maghrebi and Filipino immigrants in Italy. The vignette analysed here contrasts the beneficiaries of support provided by parents to children (sons versus daughters) and the object of support (opening a new business versus pursuing higher education). Results point to a preference for supporting offspring – especially daughters – who want to invest in an educational career. This attitude is more widespread among Filipino and Chinese respondents than among Maghrebis. Daughters are favoured over sons among Filipinos, whereas the opposite holds for the other two groups. Supporting adult children’s higher education is seen as an efficient investment strategy, reflecting a normative view of children’s life courses.
Demographic trade-offs determine species abundance and diversity

Aims Much recent theory has focused on the role of neutral processes in assembling communities, but the basic assumption that all species are demographically identical has found little empirical support. Here, we show that the framework of the current neutral theory can easily be generalized to incorporate species differences so long as fitness equivalence among individuals is maintained through trade-offs between birth and death. Methods Our theory development is based on a careful reformulation of the Moran model of metacommunity dynamics in terms of a non-linear one-step stochastic process,which is describedbyamaster equation. Important Findings We demonstrate how fitness equalization through demographic trade-offs can generate significant macroecological diversity patterns,leadingtoaverydifferentinterpretation oftherelationbetween Fisher’s a and Hubbell’s fundamental biodiversity number. Our model shows that equal fitness (not equal demographics) significantly promotes species diversity through strong selective sieving of community membership against high-mortality species, resulting in a positive association between species abundance and per capita death rate. An important implication of demographic trade-off is that it can partly explain the excessively high speciation rates predicted by the neutral theory of the stronger symmetry. Fitness equalization through demographic trade-offs generalizes neutral theory by considering heterospecific demographic difference, thus representing a significant step toward integrating the neutral and niche paradigms of biodiversity.
Approximate Subspace-Sparse Recovery in the Presence of Corruptions via $\ell_1$-Minimization

High-dimensional data often lie in low-dimensional subspaces corresponding to different classes they belong to. Finding sparse representations of data points in a dictionary built using the collection of data helps to uncover low-dimensional subspaces and address problems such as clustering, classification, subset selection and more. In this paper, we address the problem of recovering sparse representations for noisy data points in a dictionary whose columns correspond to corrupted data lying close to a union of subspaces. We consider a constrained $\ell_1$-minimization and study conditions under which the solution of the proposed optimization satisfies the approximate subspace-sparse recovery condition. More specifically, we show that each noisy data point, perturbed from a subspace by a noise of the magnitude of $\varepsilon$, will be reconstructed using data points from the same subspace with a small error of the order of $O(\varepsilon)$ and that the coefficients corresponding to data points in other subspaces will be sufficiently small, \ie, of the order of $O(\varepsilon)$. We do not impose any randomness assumption on the arrangement of subspaces or distribution of data points in each subspace. Our framework is based on a novel generalization of the null-space property to the setting where data lie in multiple subspaces, the number of data points in each subspace exceeds the dimension of the subspace, and all data points are corrupted by noise. Moreover, assuming a random distribution for data points, we further show that coefficients from the desired support not only reconstruct a given point with high accuracy, but also have sufficiently large values, \ie, of the order of $O(1)$.
Deviance Credit: Tolerance of Deviant Ingroup Leaders is Mediated by Their Accrual of Prototypicality and Conferral of Their Right to Be Supported

Leaders often deviate from group norms or social conventions, sometimes innovating and sometimes engaging in serious transgressions or illegality. We propose that group members are prone to be more permissive toward both forms of deviance in the case of ingroup leaders compared to other ingroup members or outgroup members and leaders. This granting of ‘deviance credit’ is hypothesized to be underpinned by perceptions of an ingroup leader’s prototypicality of the group (‘accrual’) and belief that occupancy of the role confers a right to be supported (‘conferral’). Analyses of data from four studies demonstrate that both accrual and conferral (a) mediate evaluations, inclusion and punishment of deviant leaders, and (b) they make independent contributions to deviance credit. Implications for leadership, marginalization, corruption, innovation and transformation are discussed.
Entry and Shakeout in Dynamic Oligopoly

In many industries, the number of firms evolves non-monotonically over time. A phase of rapid entry is followed by an industry shakeout: a large number of firms exit within a short period. We present a simple timing game of entry and exit with an exogenous technological process governing firm efficiency. We calibrate our model to data from the post World War II penicillin industry. The equilibrium dynamics of the calibrated model closely match the patterns observed in many industries. In particular, our model generates richer and more realistic dynamics than competitive models previously analyzed. The entry phase is characterized by preemption motives while the shakeout phase mimics a war of attrition. We show that dynamic strategic incentives accelerate early entry and trigger the shakeout by comparing a Markov Perfect Equilibrium to an Open-loop Equilibrium.