Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unconditioned Stimulus Revaluation to Promote Conditioned Fear Extinction in the Memory Reconsolidation Window

The retrieval-extinction paradigm, which disrupts the reconsolidation of fear memories in humans, is a non-invasive technique that can be used to prevent the return of fear in humans. In the present study, unconditioned stimulus revaluation was applied in the retrieval-extinction paradigm to investigate its promotion of conditioned fear extinction in the memory reconsolidation window after participants acquired conditioned fear. This experiment comprised three stages (acquisition, unconditioned stimulus revaluation, retrieval-extinction) and three methods for indexing fear (unconditioned stimulus expectancy, skin conductance response, conditioned stimulus pleasure rating). After the acquisition phase, we decreased the intensity of the unconditioned stimulus in one group (devaluation) and maintained constant for the other group (control). The results indicated that both groups exhibited similar levels of unconditioned stimulus expectancy, but the devaluation group had significantly smaller skin conductance responses and exhibited a growth in conditioned stimulus + pleasure. Thus, our findings indicate unconditioned stimulus revaluation effectively promoted the extinction of conditioned fear within the memory reconsolidation window.
Natural and adaptive IgM antibodies in the recognition of tumor-associated antigens of breast cancer (Review)

For early detection of cancer, education and screening are important, but the most critical factor is the development of early diagnostic tools. Methods that recognize the warning signs of cancer and take prompt action lead to an early diagnosis; simple tests can identify individuals in a healthy population who have the disease but have not developed symptoms. Early detection of cancer is significant and is one of the most promising approaches by which to reduce the growing cancer burden and guide curative treatment. The early diagnosis of patients with breast cancer is challenging, since it is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Despite the advent of mammography in screening for breast cancer, low-resource, low-cost alternative tools must be implemented to complement mammography findings. IgM is part of the first line of defense of an organism and is responsible for recognizing and eliminating infectious particles and removing transformed cells. Most studies on breast cancer have focused on the development of IgG-like molecules as biomarkers or as a treatment for the advanced stages of cancer, but autoantibodies (IgM) and tumor-associated antigens (proteins or carbohydrates with aberrant structures) have not been examined as early diagnostic tools for breast cancer. The present review summarizes the function of natural and adaptive IgM in eliminating cancer cells in the early stages of pathology and their value as early diagnostic tools. IgM, as a component of the immune system, is being used to identify tumor-associated antigens and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens.
Clinical features and outcomes of plasma cell leukemia: a single-institution experience in the era of novel agents

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare hematologic malignancy with aggressive clinical and biologic features. Data regarding its prognosis with the use of the novel agents, i.e., the immunomodulatory drugs thalidomide and lenalidomide, and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, are limited. We retrospectively reviewed clinical outcomes, response to therapy, and survival of 17 patients seen at the Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute since the availability of novel agents (2006–2011). Twelve patients had primary PCL (pPCL), and 5 secondary PCL (sPCL). PCL was associated with aggressive clinicobiological features, such as high-risk cytogenetics, elevated serum beta-2-microglobulin and lactate dehydrogenase, International Staging System stage III, and rapid relapse after therapy. With the use of thalidomide, lenalidomide, and bortezomib in 53%, 53%, and 88% patients, respectively, median overall survival (OS) was 18 months in the whole group (95% confidence interval, 11–21 months), and 21 and 4 months in pPCL and sPCL, respectively (P=0.015). OS was inferior to that of 313 consecutive patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated in the same period, even when compared with a subset of 47 MM with high-risk cytogenetics. Although our data are limited by the small sample size, we conclude that novel agents may modestly improve survival in patients with PCL, when compared to historical controls. Novel therapies do not seem to overcome the negative prognosis of PCL as compared with MM.
Identity Realization and Organizational Forms: Differentiation and Consolidation of Identities Among Arizona's Charter Schools

Organizations in an emerging organizational population face an identity problem. Collectively, organizations cannot yet rely on a coherent and stable definition of what membership in that new industry means. Individually, each organization must also establish its own distinctive identity to differentiate itself from competitors and secure resources. To explore the relationship between differentiation and the consolidation of recognizable identity element clusters, we examine the emergence of organizational form in the early years of the Arizona charter school industry. This industry is particularly interesting for scholars studying institutional processes because the legislative mandate of the new industry was for schools to experiment and provide education in an unconventional manner. Thus, the legislative definition of the organizational form or template for the charter school identity was intentionally underspecified. Using inductive analysis and regression models, we examine the process of identity realization occurring among charter schools and assess how the local institutional context of charter schools affected the realization process. The analyses demonstrate that new industries may come to be characterized by multiple element clusters; a single label for an organizational form may be linked to different combinations of identity elements. Our results also demonstrate that identity realization at the organizational level occurs through mimicry and differentiation processes and is facilitated by the local institutional context. In particular, the diversity of organizational resources available to industry entrepreneurs enables identity differentiation from one's peers.
Composition of Compound Nouns Using Distributional Semantics

The use of distributional semantics to represent the meaning of a single word has proven to be very effective, but there still is difﬁ-culty representing the meaning of larger constituents, such as a noun phrase. In general, it is unclear how to ﬁnd a representation of phrases that preserves syntactic distinctions and the relationship between a compound’s constituents. This paper is an attempt to ﬁnd the best representation of nominal compounds in Spanish and English, and evaluates the performance of different compositional models by using correlations with human similarity judgments and by using compositional representations as input into an SVM classifying the semantic relation between nouns within a compound. This paper also evaluates the utility of different function’s compositional representations, which give our model a slight advantage in accuracy over other state-of-the-art semantic relation classiﬁers.
Mismatches between Trainee and Educator Perceptions Regarding the Use and Value of Driving Simulators

Driving simulation has become increasingly sophisticated. However, perceptions regarding the use and acceptability of simulators for driver education have received little research attention. An online survey with inexperienced drivers and focus groups with driver educators explored perceptions regarding the inclusion of driving simulators within novice driver education. There was a difference in the level of acceptance of simulators between groups with young drivers being highly accepting and driver educators displaying a high degree of scepticism regarding their efficacy as training tools. Moreover, education regarding the effective evidence-based use of simulators in training is warranted.
Time-selective signaling and reception for multipath fading channels

Diversity techniques provide a powerful approach to combat fading. Due to the presence of multipath and Doppler shifts, the mobile wireless channel inherently provides diversity that can be exploited using appropriate signaling and reception. While existing CDMA systems exploit only multipath diversity using spread-spectrum signaling, we develop signaling and reception schemes that exploit joint multipath-Doppler diversity. Significant performance gain can be obtained even for the small Doppler spreads encountered in practice. Additionally, the time-selective signaling scheme allows for substantially higher level of diversity and thereby brings the fading channel closer to an additive white Gaussian noise channel. This facilitates the use of error control codes developed for the Gaussian channel.
Excess Comovement of International Stock Markets in Bad Times: A Rational Expectations Equilibrium Model

We present an intertemporal, rational expectations equilibrium model where the cross-sectional covariances and correlations of international market returns increase during bad times, as a consequence of an endogenous increase in the uncertainty about the global economy. We assume that the drift rates of the fundamental processes of international economies are jointly affected by an unobservable global business cycle indicator. We show that as investors strive to learn the state of the global economy, their uncertainty ßuctuate, thereby affecting the cross-covariances and correlations of asset returns. Excess comovement during bad times is so obtained as a reßection of higher uncertainty. When estimated with data on seven major countries, the model is able to replicate well the historical pattern of international average covariances and correlations.
Rapid Feature Selection Based on Random Forests for High-Dimensional Data

One of the important issues of machine learning is obtaining essential information from high-dimensional data for discrimination. Dimensionality reduction is a means to reduce the burden of dimensionality due to large-scale data. Feature selection determines significant variables and contributes to dimensionality reduction. In recent years, the random forests method has been the focus of research because it can perform appropriate variable selection even with high-dimensional data holding high correlations between dimensionality. There exist many feature selection methods based on random forests. These methods can appropriately extract the minimum subset of important variables. However, these methods need more computation time than the original random forests method. An advantage of the random forests method is its speed. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a rapid feature selection method for highdimensional data. Rather than searching the minimum subset of important variables, our method aims to select meaningful variables quickly under the assumption that the number of variables to be selected is determined beforehand. Two main points are introduced to enable faster calculations. One is reduction in the calculation time of weak learners. The other is adopting two types of feature selection: “filter” and “wrapper. ” In addition, although most present methods use only “mean decrease accuracy,” we calculate the magnitude of features by combining “mean decrease accuracy” and “Gini importance. ” As a result, our method can reduce computation time in cases where generated trees have many nodes. More specifically, our method can reduce the number of important variables to 0.8% on an average without losing the information for classification. In conclusion, our proposed method based on random forests is found to be effective for achieving rapid feature selection.
Progress and challenges in predicting protein-protein interaction sites

The identification of protein-protein interaction sites is an essential intermediate step for mutant design and the prediction of protein networks. In recent years a significant number of methods have been developed to predict these interface residues and here we review the current status of the field. Progress in this area requires a clear view of the methodology applied, the data sets used for training and testing the systems, and the evaluation procedures. We have analysed the impact of a representative set of features and algorithms and highlighted the problems inherent in generating reliable protein data sets and in the posterior analysis of the results. Although it is clear that there have been some improvements in methods for predicting interacting sites, several major bottlenecks remain. Proteins in complexes are still under-represented in the structural databases and in particular many proteins involved in transient complexes are still to be crystallized. We provide suggestions for effective feature selection, and make it clear that community standards for testing, training and performance measures are necessary for progress in the field.
How Are African Americans Currently Represented in Various Social Work Venues?

Purpose: This study explored how African Americans are currently represented in social work journals, research, and schools. Method: Journal publication content and editorship, research methods and designs, and school mission statements and course titles were examined. Results: Only 14% of publications in the top 5 social work journals targeted African Americans as study subjects. The terms “African American” and “race” appeared in only 10% of mission statements of the top 50 ranked schools of social work and 20% of mission statements of the top 23 ranked historically African American colleges and university (HBCU) schools of social work and appeared in only six bachelor of social work and four master of social work course titles at HBCU social work schools. Only 2 of the top 16 U.S. social work journal editors were African American. Discussion: Across current social work venues, this study reveals that there has been minimal emphasis in research and pedagogy on race and African American–related matters.
Consensus Criteria for Screening Commercial Drivers for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Evidence of Efficacy

Objective: To validate the recently published consensus criteria for screening commercial drivers for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: A large, consecutive case series of commercial drivers was screened for OSA at a single occupational medicine clinic and those screening positive were referred for overnight polysomnography. Results: One hundred ninety (13%) of 1443 individuals having commercial motor vehicle driver examinations screened positive for OSA. None of these would have been detected if the only screening were the questions on the current Commercial Driver Medical examination form. One hundred thirty-four underwent polysomnography, and of those 94.8% had OSA, which is the best estimate of the positive predictive value of these consensus criteria in a population of truck drivers. Conclusion: The proposed screening criteria have a high positive predictive value in this population. This study lends support for the requirement to screen for OSA in commercial drivers.
Gaze-directed ubiquitous interaction using a Brain-Computer Interface

n this paper, we present a first proof-of-concept for using a mobile Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) coupled to a wearable computer as an ambient input device for a ubiquitous computing service. BCI devices, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) based BCI, can be used as a novel form of human-computer interaction device. A user can log into a nearby computer terminal by looking at its screen. This feature is enabled by detecting a user's gaze through the analysis of the brain's response to visually evoked patterns. We present the experimental setup and discuss opportunities and limitations of the technique.
Androgen Receptor, EGFR, and BRCA1 as Biomarkers in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Objective. More and more evidences demonstrate that androgen receptor (AR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) have unique clinical implications for targeted therapy or prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the possible associations. Methods. We retrieved published articles about AR, EGFR, and BRCA1 in TNBC from PubMed and EMBASE. The analysis was performed with Rev-Man 5.2 software. Results. A total of 38 articles were eligible for the meta-analysis. Our study showed that the expression level of EGFR (OR = 6.88, P < 0.00001) and the prevalence of BRCA1 mutation (RR = 5.26, P < 0.00001) were higher in TNBC than non-TNBC. In contrast, the expression level of AR was lower in TNBC than non-TNBC (OR = 0.07, P < 0.00001). In the subgroup related to EGFR expression, the level of EGFR expression was significantly increased in Asians (OR = 9.60) compared with Caucasians (OR = 5.53) for TNBC patients. Additionally, the prevalence of BRCA1 mutation in Asians (RR = 5.43, P < 0.00001) was higher than that in Caucasians (RR = 5.16, P < 0.00001). Conclusions. The distinct expression of AR and EGFR and the prevalence of BRCA1 mutation indicated that AR, EGFR, and BRCA1 might be unique biomarkers for targeted therapy and prognosis in TNBC.
Model Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) Untuk Memprediksi Niat Mahasiswa MelakukanKecurangan Akademik

This study examined and analyzed the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and a moral obligation on the intentions of academic cheating. The sample in this research was the students of the Faculty of Economics and Business in Solo Raya as many as 243 students, taken with convenience sampling technique. Analysis of data were using multiple regression. The results show that subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and moral obligations has influence on intentions of academic cheating, while the attitudes has no influence on intentions of academic cheating. Keywords : academic cheating, theory of planned behavior (TPB), moral obligation
The joint effects of promotion and prevention focus on performance, exhaustion and sickness absence among managers and non-managers

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the main and interaction effects of self-rated promotion and prevention regulatory focus on self-rated work performance, emotional exhaustion and sickness absence for managers and non-managers separately. The authors expected that promotion focus relates positively to performance and negatively to sickness absence, while prevention focus relates positively to exhaustion and sickness absence, both for managers and non-managers. Furthermore, the authors expected that promotion focus relates positively to performance but also to exhaustion and sickness absence when prevention focus is high, only for managers (i.e. a manager’s dual regulatory focus can be an effective but also exhausting leadership strategy). Design/methodology/approach: The authors tested the hypotheses via moderated regression analyses among two independent groups, managers (n=241) and non-managers (n=415). Findings: Promotion focus was positively related to managers’ and non-managers’ performance and negatively to non-managers’ sickness absence, while prevention focus did not have any main effects. As expected, managers’ promotion focus was positively related to managers’ sickness absence when managers’ prevention focus was high (i.e. dual regulatory focus). Furthermore, managers’ promotion focus negatively related to managers’ performance when managers’ prevention was high, failing to support the hypothesis. Practical implications: Promotion focus should be enhanced by organizations among leaders and employees. The authors also cautiously discuss the possibility of interventions comparing a promotion focus with dual-focus training. Originality/value: The authors contribute to the literature by examining the joint (rather than main) effects of promotion and prevention focus on work behavior and the authors address these links among managers and non-managers.
Modeling morpheme triplets with a three-level hierarchical Dirichlet process

Morphemes are not independent units and attached to each other based on morphotactics. However, they are assumed to be independent from each other to cope with the complexity in most of the models in the literature. We introduce a language independent model for unsupervised morphological segmentation using hierarchical Dirichlet process (HDP). We model the morpheme dependencies in terms of morpheme trigrams in each word. Trigrams, bigrams and unigrams are modeled within a three-level HDP, where the trigram Dirichlet process (DP) uses the bigram DP and bigram DP uses unigram DP as the base distribution. The results show that modeling morpheme dependencies improve the F-measure noticeably in English, Turkish and Finnish.
‘Sinking and swimming in disability coaching’: an autoethnographic account of coaching in a new context

Abstract In terms of achieving wider health and social outcomes, sport coaching promises much for young people with disabilities. Despite this promise, the experiences and practices of those coaches who enter the disability sport arena are underexplored. This is particularly so for coaches who operate in community participation rather than competitive elite environments. Accordingly, this paper uses an autoethnographic approach to explore the experiences of a basketball coach (Colum), who enters a youth club for disabled participants for the first time. Utilising observational data, reflective field notes and interviews, five relativist vignettes are collaboratively constructed to represent Colum’s experiences across 12 basketball sessions. The vignettes reveal that the disability and community context disrupted Colum’s normative coaching behaviours. An emotional laborious journey is recounted that includes significant lessons, which may impact coaching practitioners, researchers and sport development officers. In addition, the post-sport context is introduced to differentiate the youth club context from Colum’s normative sport context. Furthermore, the concepts of liminality and ludic, which are novel to extant coaching literature, are introduced to explain how and why Colum struggled to find structure within the context of a youth club for disabled participants.
Customer citizenship behavior and employee strain: Validity evidence for a new source of workplace helping behavior and when it matters

Recently, the customer service literature has trended towards incorporating positive customer behaviors, such as customer citizenship into its study. Although the organizational impact of these citizenship behaviors has been explored, it still remains unclear if customer citizenship is also desirable for service employees. A scale is developed to understand and assess when customers go beyond their required role and engage in citizenship towards service employees. Citizenship towards service employees is predicted to act as a resource to reduce employee stressors and strain and therefore enhance employee well-being; however, not all ‘help’ from customers may be desired so specific circumstances are explored to understand when and if customer citizenship impacts employee well-being. Two studies are conducted to test these ideas: a validation study of the customer citizenship instrument and repeated measures (daily diary) study that assesses customer citizenship and its corollary employee outcomes over several workdays. In general, it is found that customer citizenship does enhance several different employee well-being indicators, but that the effect is more positive during busy shifts for employees and less effective during shifts where employees have a high rate of aggressive customers. Implications, limitations, and future directions are also discussed.