Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A research on functional food knowledge, preference and consumption of unıversity studentsÜniversite öğrencilerinin fonksiyonel besin bilgi, tercih ve tüketimleri üzerine bir araştırma

Purpose: This research was conducted on 300 university students studying in Konya in order to determine the functional food knowledge, preference and consumption of university students.Method: In the study, the students’ consumption frequency, preferences and knowledge of the functional food were determined. Functional Food Knowledge Test was used to determine the functional food knowledge of the students (Cronbach alpha: 0.84). For the statistical analysis of the data, independent sample t test and one-way ANOVA test were applied by using SPSS 20.0 program.Findings: As a result, it was determined that 90.7% of the students consumed functional foods, 86.3% preferred natural products, 13.7% preferred commercial products; 70.3% consumed functional foods in main meal and snacks.When purchasing functional food, 15.3% of the students paid attention to the outward appearance, 14.3% to the price, 45.3% to the brand and 25.0% to the calorie. When functional food consumption frequency of students were examined; it was determined that the most common functional foods consumed by the students were tomato, tea and probiotic - prebiotic yogurt.Conclusions: In this study, it was determined that the students have high rates of correct answer to questions about the definition, content and relation of functional foods with health of the students in general. However; It was found that students should develop themselves in the functional food componenet and functional effects of foods.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAmaç: Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin fonksiyonel besin bilgi, tercih ve tüketimlerini belirlemek amacıyla, Konya’da öğrenim gören toplam 300 üniversite öğrencisi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Yöntem: Öğrencilerin fonksiyonel besin bilgilerini belirlemek amacıyla fonksiyonel besin bilgi testi kullanılmıştır (Cronbach alpha:0.84). Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde, SPSS 20.0 programı kullanılarak independent sample t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucunda, öğrencilerin %90.7’sinin fonksiyonel besin tükettiği, %86.3’ünün doğal ürünleri, %13.7’sinin ticari ürünleri tercih ettiği, %70.3’ünün fonksiyonel besinleri ana ve ara öğünlerde tükettikleri belirlenmiştir. Fonksiyonel besin satın alırken öğrencilerin %15.3’ünün dış görünüşüne, %14.3’ünün fiyatına, %45.3’ünün markasına, %25.0’inin kalorisine dikkat ettiği belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin fonksiyonel besinleri tüketim sıklıkları incelendiğinde; en sık tükettikleri fonksiyonel besinlerin, domates, çay ve probiyotik-prebiyotik yoğurt olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmada, genel olarak öğrencilerin fonksiyonel besinlerin tanımı, içeriği, sağlıkla ilişkisi ile ilgili sorulara doğru cevap verme oranlarının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte; öğrencilerin, fonksiyonel besin bileşenleri, besinlerin fonksiyonel etkileri konularında kendilerini geliştirmeleri gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Site-directed C3a receptor antibodies from phage display libraries.

Recent cloning of the human C3a receptor (C3aR) revealed that this receptor belongs to the large family of rhodopsin-type receptors. A unique feature of the C3aR is the large second extracellular loop comprising about 175 amino acid residues. We constructed combinatorial phage Ab libraries expressing single chain Fv Abs from BALB/c mice immunized with the affinity-purified second extracellular loop of the C3aR, fused to glutathione-S-transferase. A panel of anti-C3aR single chain Fv fragments (scFvs) was selected after four rounds of panning using the second extracellular loop of the C3aR, fused to the maltose binding protein as Ag. Sequencing of the clones obtained revealed three different groups of scFvs, the epitopes of which were mapped to two distinct regions within the loop, i.e., positions 185 to 193 and 218 to 226, representing the immunodominant domains of the loop. By flow cyotmetric analyses, the scFvs bound to RBL-2H3 cells transfected with the C3aR, but not to cells transfected with the C5aR or to nontransfected RBL-2H3 cells. In addition, the scFvs bound to the human mast cell line HMC-1. Immunofluorescence studies showed C3aR expression on polymorphonuclear granulocytes and monocytes, but not on lymphocytes. In addition, no C3aR expression was observed on human erythrocytes or platelets. Surprisingly, none of the scFvs alone or in combination inhibited C3a-induced Ca2+ mobilization from RBL-2H3 cells transfected with the C3aR. In addition, C3a did not displace binding of the scFvs to the receptor, strongly suggesting that the N-terminal part of the second extracellular loop is not involved in ligand binding.
Staff Development and Promotion as Correlates of Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Secondary Schools in Ekiti State, Nigeria

The study examined the relationship between staff development, promotion and teachers’ job satisfaction in secondary schools in Ekiti State. The study adopted a descriptive research design of the survey type. The population of this study consisted of all the 7,538 teachers in the 203 public secondary schools in Ekiti State. The sample for the study consisted of 800 respondents (640 class teachers, 128 Head of Departments and 32 Vice Principals) from 32 public secondary schools in Ekiti State via multistage sampling procedure which involved simple random, stratified and purposive sampling techniques Two sets of instruments tagged “Staff Development and Promotion Questionnaire (SDPQ)” and “Teachers Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (TJSQ)” were used to collect relevant data for the study. The face and content validity of the instruments were determined by Educational Management experts, experts in Test and Measurements. The test retest method of reliability was used to ascertain the reliability of the instruments. The reliability coefficient of 0.91 obtained for SDPQ while 0.84 was obtained for TJSQ. The research hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s Products Moment Correlation at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed the significant relationship between staff development, promotion and teachers job satisfaction. It was recommended that regular staff development programmes should be organized by government for continuous professional development of teachers. It was also recommended that teachers should be promoted as and when due and whenever there is delay in promotion, the arrears of the financial benefit of such promotion should be paid in full.
Effects of Activating Mutations on EGFR Cellular Protein Turnover and Amino Acid Recycling Determined Using SILAC Mass Spectrometry

Rapid mutations of proteins that are targeted in cancer therapy often lead to drug resistance. Often, the mutation directly affects a drug's binding site, effectively blocking binding of the drug, but these mutations can have other effects such as changing the protein turnover half-life. Utilizing SILAC MS, we measured the cellular turnover rates of an important non-small cell lung cancer target, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Wild-type (WT) EGFR, EGFR with a single activating mutant (Del 746–750 or L858R), and the drug-resistant double mutant (L858R/T790M) EGFR were analyzed. In non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, EGFR turnover rates ranged from 28 hours in A431 cells (WT) to 7.5 hours in the PC-9 cells (Del 746–750 mutant). The measurement of EGFR turnover rate in PC-9 cells dosed with irreversible inhibitors has additional complexity due to inhibitor effects on cell viability and results were reported as a range. Finally, essential amino acid recycling (K and R) was measured in different cell lines. The recycling was different in each cell line, but the overall inclusion of the effect of amino acid recycling on calculating EGFR turnover rates resulted in a 10–20% reduction in rates.
A stochastic MIMO model utilising spatial dimensionality and modes

This paper presents an efficiently parametrised model for second-order-statistics dominated MIMO channels. Recently, new MIMO models have been developed to emulate the statistics of real measurements: (1) analytic models which parametrise the statistics of the channel gains, and (2) geometric models which interpret the channel as separate multi-paths. Unfortunately analytic models are tied to the measurement array geometry, while geometric models significantly increase model complexity. We present a new stochastic framework, based on a modal decomposition of the MIMO channel, which allows channel models for arbitrary array geometries from a single set of measured data. Such a framework yields simple MIMO models that efficiently parametrise the channel, with adjustable accuracy. Results show that the new models match the capacity of real and simulated data as well as similar models
Dissociating space and trace in dorsal and ventral hippocampus

Emerging evidence suggests that the hippocampus can be anatomically and functionally dissociated along its septotemporal axis into dorsal and ventral subregions. With respect to function, we have recently demonstrated that pre‐training excitotoxic lesions of ventral, but not dorsal, hippocampus impair the acquisition of trace fear conditioning, whereas post‐training lesions of either dorsal or ventral hippocampus impair the subsequent expression of trace fear conditioning (Yoon and Otto (2007) Neurobiol Learn Mem 87:464–475). In addition to trace fear conditioning, dorsal and ventral hippocampus appear to be differentially involved in a number of spatial memory tasks. The present study examined the effects of temporary inactivation of dorsal or ventral hippocampus on the acquisition and expression of trace fear conditioning and on performance of a spatial delayed reinforced alternation task. The findings demonstrate a double dissociation of dorsal and ventral hippocampal function: inactivation of ventral, but not dorsal, hippocampus attenuated the acquisition and expression of trace fear conditioning, whereas inactivation of dorsal, but not ventral, hippocampus dramatically impaired performance in the delayed reinforced alternation task. These data further support the notion that dorsal and ventral hippocampus contribute differentially to performance in a variety of paradigms. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antecedent model of information technology infrastructure flexibility towards agility: Questionnaire evaluation

This paper presents a research-in progress which explores the antecedent factor of Information Technology (IT) infrastructure flexibility. The purpose of this paper is to describe the questionnaire evaluation method that is used to measure the relationship of learning orientation, information technology infrastructure flexibility, and organizational agility. Questionnaire evaluation is conducted because this process is one of the critical parts in quantitative research. Although the items for questionnaire were adopted and adapted from validated items, the review from experts is essential due to different research focuses as well as the group of targeted respondents. The questionnaire was reviewed for clarity, wording, content and format. Hence, this paper elaborates on two aspects of questionnaire evaluation method. First, it describes techniques undertaken for the development of questionnaire and expert review. Second, it discusses on the findings of the expert review processes and the adjustment that has been made to the questionnaires. The findings of these expert review processes are beneficial in improving the reliability and validity of questionnaires. The modified questionnaire will later be used in the next stage of this research.
Spatial and Object-Based Attention Modulates Broadband High-Frequency Responses across the Human Visual Cortical Hierarchy

One of the puzzling aspects in the visual attention literature is the discrepancy between electrophysiological and fMRI findings: whereas fMRI studies reveal strong attentional modulation in the earliest visual areas, single-unit and local field potential studies yielded mixed results. In addition, it is not clear to what extent spatial attention effects extend from early to high-order visual areas. Here we addressed these issues using electrocorticography recordings in epileptic patients. The patients performed a task that allowed simultaneous manipulation of both spatial and object-based attention. They were presented with composite stimuli, consisting of a small object (face or house) superimposed on a large one, and in separate blocks, were instructed to attend one of the objects. We found a consistent increase in broadband high-frequency (30–90 Hz) power, but not in visual evoked potentials, associated with spatial attention starting with V1/V2 and continuing throughout the visual hierarchy. The magnitude of the attentional modulation was correlated with the spatial selectivity of each electrode and its distance from the occipital pole. Interestingly, the latency of the attentional modulation showed a significant decrease along the visual hierarchy. In addition, electrodes placed over high-order visual areas (e.g., fusiform gyrus) showed both effects of spatial and object-based attention. Overall, our results help to reconcile previous observations of discrepancy between fMRI and electrophysiology. They also imply that spatial attention effects can be found both in early and high-order visual cortical areas, in parallel with their stimulus tuning properties.
Cosmic ray decreases and changes in the liquid water cloud fraction over the oceans

Svensmark et al. (2009) have recently claimed that strong galactic cosmic ray (GCR) decreases during ‘Forbush Decrease (FD) events’ are followed by decreases in both the global liquid water cloud fraction (LCF) and other closely correlated atmospheric parameters. To test the validity of these findings we have concentrated on just one property, the MODIS LCF and examined two aspects: 1) The statistical chance that the decrease observed in the LCF is abnormal. 2) The likelihood of the observed delay (∼5 to 9 days) being physically connected to the FD events. On both counts we conclude that LCF variations are unrelated to FD events: Both the pattern and timing of observed LCF changes are irreconcilable with current theoretical pathways. Additionally, a zonal analysis of LCF variations also offers no support to the claimed relationship, as the observed anomaly is not found to vary latitudinally in conjunction with cosmic ray intensity.
Insect-Specific Flaviviruses: A Systematic Review of Their Discovery, Host Range, Mode of Transmission, Superinfection Exclusion Potential and Genomic Organization

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) discovered in the last decade. Historically, these viruses have generated limited interest due to their inability to infect vertebrate cells. This viewpoint has changed in recent years because some ISFs have been shown to enhance or suppress the replication of medically important flaviviruses in co-infected mosquito cells. Additionally, comparative studies between ISFs and medically important flaviviruses can provide a unique perspective as to why some flaviviruses possess the ability to infect and cause devastating disease in humans while others do not. ISFs have been isolated exclusively from mosquitoes in nature but the detection of ISF-like sequences in sandflies and chironomids indicates that they may also infect other dipterans. ISFs can be divided into two distinct phylogenetic groups. The first group currently consists of approximately 12 viruses and includes cell fusing agent virus, Kamiti River virus and Culex flavivirus. These viruses are phylogenetically distinct from all other known flaviviruses. The second group, which is apparently not monophyletic, currently consists of nine viruses and includes Chaoyang virus, Nounané virus and Lammi virus. These viruses phylogenetically affiliate with mosquito/vertebrate flaviviruses despite their apparent insect-restricted phenotype. This article provides a review of the discovery, host range, mode of transmission, superinfection exclusion ability and genomic organization of ISFs. This article also attempts to clarify the ISF nomenclature because some of these viruses have been assigned more than one name due to their simultaneous discoveries by independent research groups.
Phorbol esters rapidly stimulate amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchange in a human leukemic cell line

The human, leukemic cell line, HL-60, undergoes differentiation in response to tumor-promoting phorbol esters. Recent studies have implicated stimulation of a Na+/H+ antiporter as an initial event in cellular differentiation and/or proliferation. The effects of phorbol esters on Na+-dependent H+ efflux from HL-60 cells were studied by pH- stat titration. Tumor-promoting phorbol diesters, but not the inactive parent alcohol, stimulated Na+-dependent H+ efflux in a rapid (within 1 min at 37 degrees C) and reversible manner. Stimulation was dependent on the concentration of extracellular sodium; lithium could substitute for sodium, but choline could not. Stimulation was dependent on the activity of extracellular protons and was inhibited completely by amiloride. The concentrations of phorbol diesters at which we observed half-maximal stimulation of Na+-dependent H+ efflux are very similar to the Kd reported in the literature for binding of these phorbol diesters to the phorbol ester receptor and the Km for phorbol diester activation of protein kinase C. Overall characterization of basal and phorbol ester-stimulated H+ efflux indicate that stimulation of a Na+/H+ antiporter constitutes a primary event in phorbol ester interaction with HL-60 cells.
Anisotropies in the Neutrino Fluxes and Heating Profiles in Two-dimensional, Time-dependent, Multigroup Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Rotating Core-Collapse Supernovae

Using the two-dimensional, multigroup, flux-limited diffusion version of the code VULCAN/2D, which also incorporates rotation, we have calculated the collapse, bounce, shock formation, and early postbounce evolutionary phases of a core-collapse supernova for a variety of initial rotation rates. This is the first series of such multigroup calculations undertaken in supernova theory with fully multidimensional tools. We find that although rotation generates pole-to-equator angular anisotropies in the neutrino radiation fields, the magnitude of the asymmetries is not as large as previously estimated. The finite width of the neutrino decoupling surfaces and the significant emissivity above the τ = 2/3 surface moderate the angular contrast. Moreover, we find that the radiation field is always more spherically symmetric than the matter distribution, with its plumes and convective eddies. The radiation field at a point is an integral over many sources from the different contributing directions. As such, its distribution is much smoother than that of the matter and has very little power at high spatial frequencies. We present the dependence of the angular anisotropy of the neutrino fields on neutrino species, neutrino energy, and initial rotation rate. Only for our most rapidly rotating model do we start to see qualitatively different hydrodynamics, but for the lower rates consistent with the precollapse rotational profiles derived in the literature the anisotropies, although interesting, are modest. This does not mean that rotation does not play a key role in supernova dynamics. The decrease in the effective gravity due to the centripetal effect can be quite important. Rather, it means that when a realistic mapping between initial and final rotational profiles and two-dimensional multigroup radiation hydrodynamics are incorporated into collapse simulations, the anisotropy of the radiation fields may be only a secondary, not a pivotal, factor in the supernova mechanism.
Sentiment Lexicon Generation for an Under-Resourced Language

Sentiment analysis and opinion mining are actively explored nowadays. One of the most important resources for the sentiment analysis task is sentiment lexicon. This paper presents our study in building domain-specific sentiment lexicon for Indonesian language. Our main contributions are (1) methods to expand sentiment lexicon using sentiment patterns and (2) a technique to classify the polarity of a word using the sentiment score. Our method is able to generate sentiment lexicon automatically by using a small seed of sentiment words, user reviews, and part-of-speech (POS) tagger. We develop the lexicon for Indonesian language using a set of seed words translated from English sentiment lexicon and expand them using sentiment patterns found in the user reviews. Our results show that the proposed method can generate additional lexicon with sentiment accuracy of 77.7%.
Auditory and Sensorimotor Resting State Networks in Children Preceding and Following Overt Speaking

Measuring the impact of a task on resting state networks (RSNs) is important for understanding their relative strength and stability. Little is known about RSN stability in adults and less is known about RSN stability in children. The effect of an active task on RSNs was measured on fourteen children using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The auditory, sensorimotor, and default mode RSNs and the speech network were measured before, during, and immediately following overt speaking. The results indicated that before overt speaking, these RSNs were stronger with greater areas of activation compared to immediately following the task. The speech network showed a shift from right- to left- activation, from rest to speech, respectively. These results demonstrate the importance of studying task effects on RSNs and contribute to understanding neural development in healthy children. This research provides a basis for clinical applications in terms of identifying treatment effects on RSNs.
Security information factor based low probability of identification in distributed multiple-radar system

In this study, the problem of low probability of identification (LPID) performance improvement for distributed multiple-radar system (DMRS) is addressed. Firstly, we propose security information factor originating from secrecy capacity to evaluate the LPID performance for DMRS, and derive an explicit closed-form expression of security information factor. Then, a novel LPID enhancement scheme based on security information factor is presented, whose purpose is to maximize the achievable security information factor by optimizing the transmission waveforms and the cooperative jamming spectra with the predefined total transmission energy and cooperative jamming power constraints. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed strategy can effectively achieve the optimal solutions and bring remarkable improvement on the LPID performance for DMRS.
The Spectral Method for General Mixture Models

We present an algorithm for learning a mixture of distributions based on spectral projection. We prove a general property of spectral projection for arbitrary mixtures and show that the resulting algorithm is efficient when the components of the mixture are logconcave distributions in R n whose means are separated. The separation required grows with k, the number of components, and logn. This is the first result demonstrating the benefit of spectral projection for general Gaussians and widens the scope of this method. It improves substantially on previous results, which focus either on the special case of spherical Gaussians or require a separation that has a considerably larger dependence on n.