Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pro-IL-16 Regulation in Activated Murine CD4+ Lymphocytes1

Prior DNA microarray studies suggested that IL-16 mRNA levels decrease following T cell activation, a property unique among cytokines. We examined pro-IL-16 mRNA and protein expression in resting and anti-CD3 mAb-activated primary murine CD4+ T cells. Consistent with the microarray reports, pro-IL-16 mRNA levels fell within 4 h of activation, and this response is inhibited by cyclosporin A. Total cellular pro-IL-16 protein also fell, reaching a nadir at 48 h. Pro-IL-16 comprises a C-terminal cytokine domain and an N-terminal prodomain that are cleaved by caspase-3. Pro-IL-16 expressed in transfected tumor cells was previously shown to translocate to the nucleus and to promote G0/G1 arrest by stabilizing the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1. In the present study, we observed increased S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 mRNA expression in IL-16 null mice, but basal expression and activation-dependent regulation of p27Kip1 were no different from wild-type mice. Stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb induced transiently greater thymidine incorporation in IL-16-deficient CD4+ T cells than wild-type controls, but there was no difference in cell survival or in the CFSE dilution profiles. Analysis of CD4+ T cell proliferation in vivo using BrdU labeling similarly failed to identify a hyperproliferative phenotype in T cells lacking IL-16. These data demonstrate that pro-IL-16 mRNA and protein expression are dynamically regulated during CD4+ T cell activation by a calcineurin-dependent mechanism, and that pro-IL-16 might influence T cell cycle regulation, although not in a dominant manner.
Aggregate Recruiting Intensity

We develop an equilibrium model of firm dynamics with random search in the labor market where hiring firms exert recruiting effort by spending resources to fill vacancies faster. Consistent with microevidence, fast-growing firms invest more in recruiting activities and achieve higher job-filling rates. These hiring decisions of firms aggregate into an index of economy-wide recruiting intensity. We study how aggregate shocks transmit to recruiting intensity, and whether this channel can account for the dynamics of aggregate matching efficiency during the Great Recession. Productivity and financial shocks lead to sizable procyclical fluctuations in matching efficiency through recruiting effort. Quantitatively, the main mechanism is that firms attain their employment targets by adjusting their recruiting effort in response to movements in labor market slackness. (JEL D22, E24, E32, J23, J41, J63, M51)
A field-deployed 810 GHz receiver incorporating a superconducting mixer developed for herschel space telescope and a SiGe low noise amplifier

We have constructed an 810 GHz receiver system incorporating a HIFI Band-3 superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer developed for Herschel space observatory and a wide-band SiGe low noise amplifier (LNA) designed at Caltech. The instrument is currently installed at the RLT telescope (elevation 5500 m) in northern Chile. Hot/cold (280K/72K) load measurements performed at the telescope yield noise temperatures of 225 K (Y-factor = 1.7) including receiver optics. First-light observations indicate that the receiver is highly sensitive and functions stably. We present details of the receiver system, its performance at the telescope, and first-light observations with a Herschel mixer.
On the Exact Solution of the Minimal Controllability Problem

This paper studies the minimal controllability problem (MCP), i.e., the problem of, given a linear time-invariant system, finding the sparsest input vector that ensures system’s controllability. We show that the MCP can be exactly solved by (polynomially) reducing it to the minimum set covering problem, when the system dynamics matrix A is simple and the left-eigenbasis associated to A is known. In addition, we also show that the approximated solutions to the minimum set covering problem lead to feasible (sub-optimal) solutions to the MCP; hence, bounds on the optimality gap can be immediately obtained from existing literature on approximation algorithms to the minimum set covering problem. Further, we prove that under the same assumption the decision version of the minimal controllability problem is NP-complete, i.e., there exists an input vector that ensures system’s controllability and at most a prescribed number of nonzero entries. Another contribution is the fact that we analyze the relation of the MCP with its structural counterpart, the minimal structural controllability problem (MSCP) which is known to admit a polynomial complexity solution procedure. We provide an illustrative example where the solution to the MCP is found using the main results and reductions developed in this paper; in particular, we show that the solution to the MSCP is not a solution to MCP even when the dynamic matrix considered to the MCP is simple; hence, disproving the general belief that a solution to MSCP is a solution to MCP when the dynamic matrix is simple, and the eigenbasis structure known.
Construct validity of the Developmental Test of Visual-Perception Third Edition (DTVP-3) in Western Australian primary school children

Visual perception is the ability to identify, organise, make meaning of and provide sense to what is seen in the world in which we live. Visual perceptual skills continuously develop in primary school children as seen in academic performance. If visual perceptual difficulties are unaddressed, the cumulative academic result can be detrimental throughout life. Thus, visual perceptual difficulties must be identified using tests that possess sound measurement properties to allow for early intervention. The purpose of the research was to determine the construct validity of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception Third Edition (DTVP-3). The DTVP-3 was designed and standardised in the United States (U.S.) and thus, its measurement properties should be assessed in the cultural contexts where it will be used. A pilot study was conducted using a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional exploratory design with a non-probability convenience sample (n=91) of typically developing 6-10 year old Western Australian (WA) children. Preliminary parametric factor analysis (paired t-test) and correlations (Pearson’s) confirmed the two constructs of Visual Motor Integration and Motor Reduced Visual Perception. However, the copying subtest exhibited factor complexity within the population tested thus therapists should use the results of the Copying subtest with caution when determining Visual Motor Integration ability. The results add to the body of knowledge and provide evidence for confident use of the DTVP-3 in WA. Kirsten Clarke Dr Janet Richmond
The long‐term outcome of patients who suffered and survived an acute myocardial infarction in the midst of recurrent attacks of variant angina

Twenty‐one patients, ranging in age between 28 and 59 years, who survived hospitalization for an acute myocardial infarction in association with repetitive attacks of variant angina, were followed prospectively for 59.1±5.1 (SEM) (range 17–120) months. Four patients died, one of sudden death 17 months after admission, one of congestive heart failure at 33 months, and two of cancer at 43 and 45 months of follow‐up. Three patients had four new myocardial infarctions at 22, 32, 33, and 61 months of follow‐up. Six patients were readmitted for angina or other cardiac reasons. Twelve patients remained asymptomatic throughout the follow‐up and one more patient was asymptomatic before and after his recurrent myocardial infarction. No relapse of variant angina was documented. Thus, the long‐term course of patients with variant angina culminating in acute myocardial infarction is relatively benign, despite the highly unstable features of their initial presentation.
Diversity congruency within organizations: The relationship among Emotional Intelligence, Personality Structure, ethnic identity, organizational context and perceptions of organizational diversity

xvi Chapter 1: Introduction.1 Problem Statement.4 Purpose of the Study.5 Research Questions.5 Research Model.9 Definition of Terms.10 Affirmative Action.10 Diversity.10 Diversity Congruency.10 Emotional Intelligence.11 Ethnic Identity.11 Organizational Context.11 Personality Structure.12 Importance of Study.13 Assumptions and Limitations of Study.14 Assumptions.14 Limitations.14 Chapter 2: Literature Review.17 Trait Theory Background and Development.17 Development of Personality Psychology.17 Defining and Organizing Personality.19 Identifying and Mapping Traits.21 How Personality Impacts Perceptions.22 Background on Emotional Intelligence.24 The Creation and Development of Emotional Intelligence.24 Emotional Intelligence as a Precursor for Life Success.25 Page Operationalization of Emotional Intelligence.27 Emotional Intelligence and Learning.28 Linking Emotional Intelligence and Employee Development.29 Measuring Emotional Intelligence.31 Content Validity.32 Construct Validity.32 Face Validity.33 Predictive Validity.33 External Validity.34 Reliability.34 Emotional Intelligence’s Influence on Perceptions and Behaviors.34 Perception and Appraisal (PA). 41 Facilitate Thinking (FA). 43 Understand Emotion (UE.44 Regulate Emotion (RE). 46 Background on the Five-Factor Model.47 Critical Issues and Perspectives of the Five-Factor Model of Personality . 49 Five-Factor Model of Personality’s Influence on Perceptions and Behaviors . 50 Extroversion.51 Agreeableness.53 Conscientiousness.54 Neuroticism.56 Openness to Experiences.58 Background on Ethnic Identity Theory.59 Background on Organizational Context.61 Defining Organizational Context.62 Leadership.63 Alignment.64 Follow-Up.65 Affirmative Action and Diversity.67 Affirmative Action.67 Diversity.70 Conclusion.71 Chapter 3: Method.72 Restatement of Research Questions.73 Research Design.74 Population.74 Sampling Frame.75 Research Subjects.76 Analysis Unit.76
Development and Application of Quantitative Detection Method for Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Genogroup IVa

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a problematic pathogen in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) aquaculture farms in Korea. Thus, it is necessary to develop a rapid and accurate diagnostic method to detect this virus. We developed a quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) method based on the nucleocapsid (N) gene sequence of Korean VHSV isolate (Genogroup IVa). The slope and R2 values of the primer set developed in this study were −0.2928 (96% efficiency) and 0.9979, respectively. Its comparison with viral infectivity calculated by traditional quantifying method (TCID50) showed a similar pattern of kinetic changes in vitro and in vivo. The qRT-PCR method reduced detection time compared to that of TCID50, making it a very useful tool for VHSV diagnosis.
Interpretive consumer research: how far have we come?

Considers the history and current position of interpretive consumer research within the marketing paradigm. It focuses on the conflict that has developed between the positivist tradition and the relatively new interpretive approach. In doing so it considers the merits of interpretive research in consumer behaviour and criticisms made against it. Methodological issues centring on the trustworthiness of this type of research are explored, as well as the friction that traditionally has existed between art and science. An argument is made for an inclusive rather than exclusive approach, allowing the existence of differing approaches and assuming each has a contribution to make to the furtherance of consumer behaviour research.
Deep Epitome for Unravelling Generalized Hamming Network

This paper gives a rigorous analysis of trained Generalized Hamming Networks (GHN) proposed by [9] and discloses an interesting finding about GHNs, i.e., stacked convolution layers in a GHN is equivalent to a single yet wide convolution layer. The revealed equivalence, on the theoretical side, can be regarded as a constructive manifestation of the universal approximation theorem [7], [16]. In practice, it has profound and multi-fold implications. For network visualization, the constructed deep epitomes at each layer provide a visualization of network internal representation that does not rely on the input data. Moreover, deep epitomes allows the direct extraction of features in just one step, without resorting to regularized optimizations used in existing visualization tools.
Virtual Shikki and Sazaedo: shape modeling in digital preservation of Japanese lacquer ware and temples

Issues concerning the digital preservation of the shapes and internal structures of culturally valuable objects are discussed. An overview of existing approaches to digital shape preservation and corresponding problems is given. Our approach is based on using constructive modeling, which reflects the logical structure of the shapes. We examine and select those mathematical representations of shapes that fit the purposes of long-term digital preservation. Constructive solid geometry (CSG) is applied to the modeling of a Japanese temple (the Sazaedo) with a unique internal structure. The traditional Japanese lacquer ware called 'Shikki' is modeled using a function representation (F-Rep). We describe the Virtual Shikki project, which is aimed at presenting the virtual shapes and textures of lacquer-ware on the World Wide Web.
Lateralization of observational fear learning at the cortical but not thalamic level in mice

Major cognitive and emotional faculties are dominantly lateralized in the human cerebral cortex. The mechanism of this lateralization has remained elusive owing to the inaccessibility of human brains to many experimental manipulations. In this study we demonstrate the hemispheric lateralization of observational fear learning in mice. Using unilateral inactivation as well as electrical stimulation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), we show that observational fear learning is controlled by the right but not the left ACC. In contrast to the cortex, inactivation of either left or right thalamic nuclei, both of which are in reciprocal connection to ACC, induced similar impairment of this behavior. The data suggest that lateralization of negative emotions is an evolutionarily conserved trait and mainly involves cortical operations. Lateralization of the observational fear learning behavior in a rodent model will allow detailed analysis of cortical asymmetry in cognitive functions.
The pathophysiology of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and treatment with eculizumab

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare disorder of hemopoietic stem cells. Affected individuals have a triad of clinical associations – intravascular hemolysis, an increased risk of thromboembolism, and bone marrow failure. Most of the symptoms experienced in this disease occur due to the absence of complement regulatory proteins on the surface of the red blood cells. Complement activation is thus not checked and causes destruction of these cells. Eculizumab is a monoclonal antibody treatment which specifically binds to the complement protein C5, preventing its cleavage, and so halts the complement cascade and prevents the formation of the terminal complement proteins. Eculizumab prevents intravascular hemolysis, stabilizes hemoglobin levels, reduces or stops the need for blood transfusions, and improves fatigue and patient quality of life as well as reducing pulmonary hypertension, decreasing the risk of thrombosis and protecting against worsening renal function. It is not a curative therapy but has a great benefit on those with this rare debilitating condition.
Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

BACKGROUND There is conflicting evidence regarding the clinical efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) initiated before endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. OBJECTIVES To systematically review evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of PPI treatment initiated before endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases and major conference proceedings to September 2005, using the Cochrane Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases model. Searches were re-run in February 2006 and October 2008. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs), of hospitalised participants with unselected upper gastrointestinal bleeding, undergoing active treatment with a proton pump inhibitor PPI (oral or intravenous) and control treatment with either placebo, histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) or no treatment prior to endoscopy. Outcomes were assessed at 30 days and included mortality, rebleeding and surgery. Also assessed were stigmata of recent haemorrhage (SRH; active bleeding, non bleeding visible vessel or adherent clot) at index endoscopy, length of hospital stay, blood transfusion requirements and requirement for endoscopic therapy at index endoscopy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS At least two review authors assessed eligibility criteria and extracted data regarding outcomes and factors affecting methodological quality. MAIN RESULTS Six RCTs comprising 2223 participants were included. There was no statistical heterogeneity among trials for dichotomous outcomes. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality, rebleeding or surgery between PPI and control treatment. Unweighted pooled mortality rates were 6.1% and 5.5% respectively (odds ratio (OR)1.12; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.73). Unweighted pooled rebleeding rates were 13.9% and 16.6% respectively (OR 0.81; 95%CI 0.61 to 1.09). Pooled rates for surgery were 9.9% and 10.2% respectively (OR 0.96 95% CI 0.68 to 1.35). PPI treatment compared to control significantly reduced the proportion of participants with SRH at index endoscopy; unweighted pooled rates were 37.2% and 46.5% respectively (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.84). However, this result was not robust to sensitivity analysis. PPI treatment compared to control significantly reduced endoscopic therapy at index endoscopy; unweighted pooled rates were 8.6% and 11.7% respectively (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.93). For continuous outcomes (length of hospital stay and blood transfusion requirements), quantitative analysis could not be performed. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS PPI treatment initiated before endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding might reduce the proportion of participants with SRH at index endoscopy and significantly reduces requirement for endoscopic therapy during index endoscopy. However, there is no evidence that PPI treatment affects clinically important outcomes, namely mortality, rebleeding or need for surgery.
Analysis of Nephron Composition and Function in the Adult Zebrafish Kidney

The zebrafish model has emerged as a relevant system to study kidney development, regeneration and disease. Both the embryonic and adult zebrafish kidneys are composed of functional units known as nephrons, which are highly conserved with other vertebrates, including mammals. Research in zebrafish has recently demonstrated that two distinctive phenomena transpire after adult nephrons incur damage: first, there is robust regeneration within existing nephrons that replaces the destroyed tubule epithelial cells; second, entirely new nephrons are produced from renal progenitors in a process known as neonephrogenesis. In contrast, humans and other mammals seem to have only a limited ability for nephron epithelial regeneration. To date, the mechanisms responsible for these kidney regeneration phenomena remain poorly understood. Since adult zebrafish kidneys undergo both nephron epithelial regeneration and neonephrogenesis, they provide an outstanding experimental paradigm to study these events. Further, there is a wide range of genetic and pharmacological tools available in the zebrafish model that can be used to delineate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate renal regeneration. One essential aspect of such research is the evaluation of nephron structure and function. This protocol describes a set of labeling techniques that can be used to gauge renal composition and test nephron functionality in the adult zebrafish kidney. Thus, these methods are widely applicable to the future phenotypic characterization of adult zebrafish kidney injury paradigms, which include but are not limited to, nephrotoxicant exposure regimes or genetic methods of targeted cell death such as the nitroreductase mediated cell ablation technique. Further, these methods could be used to study genetic perturbations in adult kidney formation and could also be applied to assess renal status during chronic disease modeling.
Psychosexual problems in general practice: measuring consultation competence using two different measures.

BACKGROUND Psychosexual problems are a common presentation in general practice. Given that the cornerstone of assessment is excellent consultations skills, it may be assumed that general practitioners (GPs) will perform skilfully for such presentations. AIM To determine if there is a significant difference in consultation skills assessed using a generic test of consultation performance compared to one which has been specifically developed for experts in psychosexual care, albeit modified for general practice consultations. METHODS Six GPs were video recorded consulting six standardised patients at their respective practices. Two assessors independently rated the consultation performance using the Leicester Assessment Package (LAP), a generic tool to assess GP consultation performance. Four sexologists, blind to the review by the LAP assessors, assessed the same consultations deploying the Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestion, Intensive Therapy (PLISSIT) framework. The PLISSIT is routinely used to teach health professionals communication skills when consulting people with psychosexual problems. RESULTS Thirty-four consultations were successfully recorded. The mean duration of consultations was 12 minutes and 10 seconds (range 7 m. 54 s. to 16 m. 54 s.). Three GPs differed significantly in core competencies as measured by the LAP. Similarly, three GPs differed in competencies as measured by the PLISSIT. There were significant differences in mean LAP scores and PLISSIT scores observed for different doctors. Mean LAP scores varied by actor-scenario after adjusting for doctor clustering, whereas PLISSIT scoring did not vary significantly by actor-scenario in this small study with limited power. There was no evidence that mean LAP scores were associated with PLISSIT scores. CONCLUSIONS Two measures of consultation competence revealed different outcomes when applied to the same consultations. We found evidence that general practitioners vary significantly on different measures of consultation competence when consulting patients with psychosexual problems in the context of a cancer diagnosis.
Development of Aberration-Corrected Electron Microscopy

The successful correction of spherical aberration is an exciting and revolutionary development for the whole field of electron microscopy. Image interpretability can be extended out to sub-Ångstrom levels, thereby creating many novel opportunities for materials characterization. Correction of lens aberrations involves either direct (online) hardware attachments in fixed-beam or scanning TEM or indirect (off-line) software processing using either off-axis electron holography or focal-series reconstruction. This review traces some of the important steps along the path to realizing aberration correction, including early attempts with hardware correctors, the development of online microscope control, and methods for accurate measurement of aberrations. Recent developments and some initial applications of aberration-corrected electron microscopy using these different approaches are surveyed. Finally, future prospects and problems are briefly discussed.