Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Suffix Tree Document Model Revisited

In text-based information retrieval, which is the predominant retrieval task at present, several document models have been proposed, such as boolean, probabilistic, or (extended) vector models [Baeza-Yates and Ribeiro-Neto 1999]. Interestingly, the suffix tree document model is usually not discussed in the literature on the subject though it comes along with a property that sets it apart from the other models: It encodes information about word order. The suffix tree document model owes much of its popularity from the Vivísimo search engine, which operationalizes on-the-fly categorization of Internet search results. While the classical document models can be considered as vectors of words, the suffix tree document model as well as the related similarity measures are graph-based. Both types of document models provide an efficient means to compute document similarities, and, according to various publications, both types of document models work well in practice. However, there is no comparison between both paradigms that explains the concepts of one in terms of the other, or that contrasts their advantages and disadvantages with respect to certain retrieval tasks. In this paper we start to tackle this gap by shading light on the following questions: (1) How does similarity computation work in the suffix tree document model? (2) Based on the insights of Question 1, is it possible to combine concepts of both document model types within classification or categorization tasks? (3) Which of the document model types is more powerful with respect to unsupervised document classification?
Chimeric Yellow Fever/Dengue Virus as a Candidate Dengue Vaccine: Quantitation of the Dengue Virus-Specific CD8 T-Cell Response

ABSTRACT We have constructed a chimeric yellow fever/dengue (YF/DEN) virus, which expresses the premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes from DEN type 2 (DEN-2) virus in a YF virus (YFV-17D) genetic background. Immunization of BALB/c mice with this chimeric virus induced a CD8 T-cell response specific for the DEN-2 virus prM and E proteins. This response protected YF/DEN virus-immunized mice against lethal dengue encephalitis. Control mice immunized with the parental YFV-17D were not protected against DEN-2 virus challenge, indicating that protection was mediated by the DEN-2 virus prM- and E-specific immune responses. YF/DEN vaccine-primed CD8 T cells expanded and were efficiently recruited into the central nervous systems of DEN-2 virus challenged mice. At 5 days after challenge, 3 to 4% of CD8 T cells in the spleen were specific for the prM and E proteins, and 34% of CD8 T cells in the central nervous system recognized these proteins. Depletion of either CD4 or CD8 T cells, or both, strongly reduced the protective efficacy of the YF/DEN virus, stressing the key role of the antiviral T-cell response.
Relations between parental opinions and attitudes about child rearing and play

Investigated the relationships between play and family environmental conditions in a survey of 67 Dutch mothers (aged 23–35 yrs) of preschool children (aged 20–24 mo). Variables included parents' child-rearing orientation and play concept, the degree to which and reasons why they believe play is important, the way they intend to stimulate play, and the way they experience characteristics of their children. The play concept was wide, with 32 of 40 common child activities considered to be play forms by most parents. Play was estimated as being of great importance for child development, and culturally oriented parents tended to show the highest interest in play. There were more relations between perceived educational tasks, the way children are experienced, and opinions about play than between those factors and intentions of play stimulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Assessment of cutaneous sensory and autonomic axon reflexes in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE--To assess sensory function in skin overlying the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, in relation to the pain and tenderness which commonly arises in structures not directly involved in the inflammatory process. METHODS--An intradermal injection of capsaicin 0.05 microgram in 10 microliters was made over the wrists and forearms of 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 46 control subjects. Axon reflex vasodilatation was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Cholinergic sympathetic function was assessed by measuring axon reflex sweating induced by a single intradermal injection of nicotine 0.5 microgram in 0.1 ml. RESULTS--Capsaicin induced axon reflex vasodilation over the wrists was found to decrease with age in normal subjects (r = -0.62, p < 0.001). In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, capsaicin induced axon reflex vasodilatation was significantly greater over the wrists, but not the forearms, when compared with age matched normal controls (p < 0.01). A minimal correlation between axon reflex vasodilatation and visual analogue pain score was apparent in the rheumatoid group (r = -0.37, p < 0.05). Nicotine induced sweating responses were similar in the rheumatoid and normal groups, and both showed a linear age related decline. CONCLUSIONS--The results show a selective increase of capsaicin induced vasodilatation in skin overlying joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This suggests that the activity of a sub-population of periarticular small sensory fibres is altered, which may explain, at least in part, some of the clinical findings in this disorder.
A Hubble Space Telescope Survey of the Mid-Ultraviolet Morphology of Nearby Galaxies

We present a systematic imaging survey of 37 nearby galaxies observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) in the mid-UV F300W filter, centered at 2930 Å, as well as in the I-band (F814W) filter at 8230 Å. Eleven of these galaxies were also imaged in the F255W filter, centered at 2550 Å. Our sample is carefully selected to include galaxies of sufficiently small radius and high predicted mid-UV surface brightness to be detectable with WFPC2 in one orbit and covers a wide range of Hubble types and inclinations. The mid-UV (2000-3200 Å) spans the gap between ground-based UBVR(IJHK) images, which are available or were acquired for the current study, and far-UV images available from the Astro/UIT missions for 15 galaxies in our sample. The first qualitative results from our study are as follows:
Married with Children: A Collective Labor Supply Model with Detailed Time Use and Intrahousehold Expenditure Information

We propose a collective labor supply model with household production that generalizes a model of Blundell, Chiappori and Meghir (2005). Adults'preferences not only depend on own leisure and individual private consumption of market goods. They also depend on the consumption of domestic goods, which are produced by combining market goods with individuals'time. A new identification result, which uses production shifters, is developed. We apply our model to unique data on Dutch couples with children. Our application uses a novel estimation strategy that builds upon the familiar two-stage allocation representation of the collective model.
Expansion and Diversification of the Populus R2R3-MYB Family of Transcription Factors1[W][OA]

The R2R3-MYB proteins comprise one of the largest families of transcription factors in plants. R2R3-MYB family members regulate plant-specific processes, such as the elaboration of specialized cell types, including xylem, guard cells, trichomes, and root hairs, and the biosynthesis of specialized branches of metabolism, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. As such, R2R3-MYB family members are hypothesized to contribute to the emergence of evolutionary innovations that have arisen in specific plant lineages. As a first step in determining the role played by R2R3-MYB family members in the emergence of lineage-specific innovations in the genus Populus, the entire Populus trichocarpa R2R3-MYB family was characterized. The Populus R2R3-MYB complement is much larger than that found in other angiosperms with fully sequenced genomes. Phylogenetic analyses, together with chromosome placement, showed that the expansion of the Populus R2R3-MYB family was not only attributable to whole genome duplication but also involved selective expansion of specific R2R3-MYB clades. Expansion of the Populus R2R3-MYB family prominently involved members with expression patterns that suggested a role in specific components of Populus life history, including wood formation and reproductive development. An expandable compendium of microarray-based expression data (PopGenExpress) and associated Web-based tools were developed to better enable within- and between-species comparisons of Populus R2R3-MYB gene expression. This resource, which includes intuitive graphic visualization of gene expression data across multiple tissues, organs, and treatments, is freely available to, and expandable by, scientists wishing to better understand the genome biology of Populus, an ecologically dominant and economically important forest tree genus.
Simultaneous quantification of imatinib and its main metabolite N-demethyl-imatinib in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

The aim of this study was to improve and validate a more stable and less time-consuming method based on liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC- MS/MS) for the quantitative measurement of imatinib and its metabolite N-demethyl-imatinib (NDI) in human plasma. Separation of analytes was performed on a Waters XTerra RP18 column (50 × 2.1 mm i.d., 3.5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-acetonitrile-water (65:20:15, v/v/v) with 0.05% formic acid at a flow-rate of 0.2 mL/min. The Quattro MicroTM triple quadruple mass spectrometer was operated in the multiple-reaction-monitoring mode via positive electrospray ionization interface using the transitions m/z 494.0 → 394.0 for imatinib, m/z 479.6 → 394.0 for NDI and m/z 488.2 → 394.0 for IS. The method was linear over 0.01-10 μg/mL for imatinib and NDI. The intra- and inter-day precisions were all <15% in terms of relative standard deviation, and the accuracy was within ±15% in terms of relative error for both imatinib and NDI. The lower limit of quantification was identifiable and reproducible at 10 ng/mL. The method was sensitive, specific and less time-consuming and it was successfully applied in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients treated with imatinib.
Endothelial dysfunction in the early postoperative period after major colon cancer surgery

Background. Evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction in the early postoperative period promotes myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of colon cancer surgery on endothelial function and the association with the l-arginine-nitric oxide pathway postoperatively. Methods. Patients undergoing elective colon cancer surgery (n = 31) were included in this prospective observational cohort study. Endothelial function, as measured using the reactive hyperaemia index (RHI), was assessed non-invasively using digital pulse tonometry. RHI and plasma concentrations of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), dihydrobiopterin and biopterin metabolites, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and total biopterin were measured before surgery, at four h after surgery and at postoperative day one and two. Cardiac troponin I was measured before surgery and once daily on postoperative days one to four. Results. Preoperative RHI was 1.86 (1.64 – 2.11) and decreased significantly during the observation period (linear mixed effects model of serial measurements, P = 0.015). Both L-arginine (P < 0.001) and ADMA (P = 0.024) decreased during the postoperative period. All biopterin metabolites were significantly decreased after surgery. A significant positive correlation was found between logAUC(l-arginine/ADMA) and logAUC(RHI) (P = 0.015) and between logAUC(L-arginine/ADMA) and logAUC(BH4) (P = 0.015). None of the patients had cardiac troponin I elevations. Conclusions. RHI was attenuated in the first days after colon cancer surgery indicating acute endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction correlated with disturbances in the L-arginine – nitric oxide pathway. Our findings provide a rationale for investigating the hypothesized association between acute endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications after non-cardiac surgery. Clinical trial registration. NCT02344771.
On mixing times for stratified walks on the d‐cube

Using the electric and coupling approaches, we derive a series of results concerning the mixing times for the stratified random walk on the d‐cube, inspired in the results of Chung and Graham (1997) [Random Struct. Alg. , 11, 199–122]. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg. , 20: 540–552, 2002
In Vivo Activities of Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin-Clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae: Application to Breakpoint Determinations

ABSTRACT The in vivo activities of amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate against 17 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae with penicillin MICs of 0.12–8.0 mg/liter were assessed in a cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenic murine thigh infection model. Renal impairment was produced by administration of uranyl nitrate to prolong the amoxicillin half-life in the mice from 21 to 65 min, simulating human pharmacokinetics. Two hours after thigh infection with 105 to 106 CFU, groups of mice were treated with 7 mg of amoxicillin per kg of body weight alone or combined with clavulanate (ratio, 4:1) every 8 h for 1 and 4 days. There was an excellent correlation between the MIC of amoxicillin (0.03 to 5.6 mg/liter) and (i) the change in log10 CFU/thigh at 24 h and (ii) survival after 4 days of therapy. Organisms for which MICs were 2 mg/liter or less were killed at 1.4 to 4.2 and 1.6 to 4.1 log10 CFU/thigh at 24 h by amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. The four strains for which MICs were >4 mg/liter grew 0.2 to 2.6 and 0.6 to 2.3 logs at 24 h despite therapy with amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. Infection was uniformly fatal by 72 h in untreated mice. Amoxicillin therapy resulted in no mortality with organisms for which MICs were 1 mg/liter or less, 20 to 40% mortality with organisms for which MICs were 2 mg/liter, and 80 to 100% mortality with organisms for which MICs were 4.0–5.6 mg/liter. Lower and higher doses (0.5, 2, and 20 mg/kg) of amoxicillin were studied against organisms for which MICs were near the breakpoint. These studies demonstrate that a reduction of 1 log10 or greater in CFU/thigh at 24 h is consistently observed when amoxicillin levels exceed the MIC for 25 to 30% of the dosing interval. These studies would support amoxicillin (and amoxicillin-clavulanate) MIC breakpoints of 1 mg/liter for susceptible, 2 mg/liter for intermediate, and 4 mg/liter for resistant strains of S. pneumoniae.
Adjustment of children facing the death of a parent due to cancer.

OBJECTIVE To compare predeath and postdeath levels of depression and anxiety reported by a sample of children who lost a parent to cancer ("study children") with the levels reported by children in a community sample who did not experience such a loss. METHOD T scores for depressive symptomatology (Children's Depression Inventory) and state and trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were compared. Both samples were weighted to control for multiple participants from the same family. Weights for children in the community sample were further adjusted to match the distribution of the two samples with regard to gender, age, and number of children in the household. Comparisons were made using t tests and chi 2 tests. RESULTS Whereas study children reported significantly higher levels of depression and anxiety in the predeath period, levels of symptomatology reported for both measures postdeath were similar in both samples. DISCUSSION The data suggest that while many children experiencing the loss of a parent to cancer report elevated levels of depression and anxiety predeath, by 7 to 12 months postdeath their reports of depression and anxiety are comparable with those of similarly situated children in the community who did not experience such a loss.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA PADA KINERJA KARYAWAN DEPARTEMEN PRODUKSI PT CORONET CROWN

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pe­la­tih­an kerja dan motivasi kerja pada kinerja karyawan di Departemen Produksi PT Coronet Crown. Jenis penelitian ini adalah explanatory research dengan pen­de­katan kuan­titatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 80 responden yang diambil dengan metode cluster sampling . Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan uji regresi serempak ( F -test) dan uji regresi parsial ( t -test). Proses perhitungan dibantu program aplikasi software SPSS 21.0. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan pelatihan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada kinerja karyawan, motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada kinerja karyawan, serta pelatihan kerja dan variabel motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada kinerja karyawan.
Does Student Employment Deteriorate Academic Performance? The Case of Slovenia

The article examines features of student work in Slovenia and estimates the impact of the scope of student work on successful completion of an academic year. After intense debate about merits and perils of student work in Slovenia in recent years, which was based on scarce survey data, this is the first study to statistically test the assertion that student work negatively affects academic performance. Different variants of the probit model are estimated using a rich sample of data for 1,890 undergraduate students in tertiary education working through one of the largest student employment services in Slovenia in the period 2005-2008. The results support a common finding from previous empirical studies for other countries that student employment has a (small) adverse impact on academic performance only when hours of paid work exceed some threshold level, in our case around 18 hours per week. The study also reveals only a weak seasonal component in student work, meaning that students work relatively evenly throughout the year. It also points to the lack of connection between the types of work performed by students and their fields of study.
Comparative analysis of root transcriptomes from two contrasting drought-responsive Williams 82 and DT2008 soybean cultivars under normal and dehydration conditions

The economically important DT2008 and the model Williams 82 (W82) soybean cultivars were reported to have differential drought-tolerant degree to dehydration and drought, which was associated with root trait. Here, we used 66K Affymetrix Soybean Array GeneChip to compare the root transcriptomes of DT2008 and W82 seedlings under normal, as well as mild (2 h treatment) and severe (10 h treatment) dehydration conditions. Out of the 38172 soybean genes annotated with high confidence, 822 (2.15%) and 632 (1.66%) genes showed altered expression by dehydration in W82 and DT2008 roots, respectively, suggesting that a larger machinery is required to be activated in the drought-sensitive W82 cultivar to cope with the stress. We also observed that long-term dehydration period induced expression change of more genes in soybean roots than the short-term one, independently of the genotypes. Furthermore, our data suggest that the higher drought tolerability of DT2008 might be attributed to the higher number of genes induced in DT2008 roots than in W82 roots by early dehydration, and to the expression changes of more genes triggered by short-term dehydration than those by prolonged dehydration in DT2008 roots vs. W82 roots. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that could be predicted to have a known function were further analyzed to gain a basic understanding on how soybean plants respond to dehydration for their survival. The higher drought tolerability of DT2008 vs. W82 might be attributed to differential expression in genes encoding osmoprotectant biosynthesis-, detoxification- or cell wall-related proteins, kinases, transcription factors and phosphatase 2C proteins. This research allowed us to identify genetic components that contribute to the improved drought tolerance of DT2008, as well as provide a useful genetic resource for in-depth functional analyses that ultimately leads to development of soybean cultivars with improved tolerance to drought.
Leader-member exchange and cooperative communication between group members: Replication of Lee (1997, 2001) study on Malaysia respondents

This study attempts test the affects of superior-subordinate relationships on group co-operative communication. Based on the Tukey’s HSD multiple comparisons test indicates that there are significant differences in subordinates’ perceptions of cooperative communication between in-group and out-group; mid-group and out-group; and between mid-group and in-group. This study also reveals that the impact of superior-subordinate relationships were greater on cooperative communication behavior between group members in Malaysia compared to US respondents. Thus, in a relation-oriented society like Malaysia, the supervisor may be a more important factor in influencing employee behavior and attitudes at work group than organization as an impersonal entity. The consequences of these results were elaborated in details.
Modeling seed dispersal distances: implications for transgenic Pinus taeda.

Predicting forest-tree seed dispersal across a landscape is useful for estimating gene flow from genetically engineered (GE) or transgenic trees. The question of biocontainment has yet to be resolved, although field-trial permits for transgenic forest trees are on the rise. Most current field trials in the United States occur in the Southeast where Pinus taeda L. , an indigenous species, is the major timber commodity. Seed dispersal distances were simulated using a model where the major determinants were: (1) forest canopy height at seed release, (2) terminal velocity of the seeds, (3) absolute seed release, and (4) turbulent-flow statistics, all of which were measured or determined within a P. taeda plantation established from seeds collected from wild forest-tree stands at the Duke Forest near Durham, North Carolina, USA. In plantations aged 16 and 25 years our model results showed that most of the seeds fell within local-neighborhood dispersal distances, with estimates ranging from 0.05 to 0.14 km from the source. A fraction of seeds was uplifted above the forest canopy and moved via the long-distance dispersal (LDD) process as far as 11.9-33.7 km. Out of 10(5) seeds produced per hectare per year, roughly 440 seeds were predicted to be uplifted by vertical eddies above the forest canopy and transported via LDD. Of these, 70 seeds/ha traveled distances in excess of 1 km from the source, a distance too great to serve as a biocontainment zone. The probability of LDD occurrence of transgenic conifer seeds at distances exceeding 1 km approached 100%.