Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 35 . Error Reporting and Disclosure

This chapter examines reporting of health care errors (e.g., verbal, written, or other form of communication and/or recording of near miss and patient safety events that generally involves some form of reporting system) and these events’ disclosure (e.g., communication of errors to patients and their families), including the ethical aspects of error-reporting mechanisms. The potential benefits of intrainstitutional and Web-based databases might assist nurses and other providers to prevent similar hazards and improve patient safety. Clinicians’ fears of lawsuits and their self-perceptions of incompetence could be dispelled by organizational cultures emphasizing safety rather than blame. This chapter focuses on the assertion that reporting errors that result in patient harm as well as seemingly trivial errors and near misses has the potential to strengthen processes of care and improve the quality of care afforded patients.
On the distance to optimality of the geometric approximate minimum-energy attitude filter

This paper studies the near-optimality of the recent geometric approximate minimum-energy (GAME) filter, an attitude filter for estimation on the rotation group SO(3). The GAME filter approximates the minimum-energy (optimal) filtering solution by truncating the derivatives of the associated value function of order higher than 2. In this work, this approximation is pinned down in terms of an analytic expression for a bound on the difference between the cost attained by the GAME filter and the minimum-energy cost. This bound, called the optimality gap, is shown to be small in normal operating conditions. This is further supported by simulations.
Self-Regulation Test-Taking Strategies for Mathematics

The present study aims at exploring various self-regulation test-taking strategies used by the grade 11 students for their mathematics tests which is observed from three aspects, they are before, during, and after test-taking. The data were collected from 86 students in a private school which located in Malaysia. The goal-setting and planning, help-seeking, seeking information, rehearsal, memorization, reviewing, peer pressure, adult influence, self-consequences, self-motivated, and environment setting were the strategies that is used for test preparation. Outline formulas, recall and identify key information, keep trying, and checking were the strategies used during test-taking. In addition, correction and self-evaluation were the strategies used after the test-taking. The study further examined differences of various test-taking strategies used across three performance groups, high, medium, and low achievers, and also for male and female students. The results showed that there were statistical differences in goal-setting and planning, help-seeking, keep trying, checking, and correction strategies among high, medium, and low achievers. There were also statistical differences in goal-setting and planning, rehearsal, self-motivated, outline formulas, checking, and correction strategies between male and female students. The result of this research showed that the groups of using goal-setting and planning, rehearsal, help-seeking, recall and identify key information, keep trying, checking, and correction strategies have higher scores in mathematics performance rather than those groups which do not use these strategies.
Council Regulation (EC) No. 1099/2009: State of the Art and Its Application in a Local Health Unit in Piedmont, Italy

In the last decade, the European Union has reinforced the concept of animal welfare throughout the food chain, from breeding to slaughtering. Studies and assessments of economic nature led to the adoption of Regulation EC 1099/2009 and at the end of 2014 this regulation will be applied to all the members involved in the food chain. For this reason several local health units organized different initiatives. The local health unit of Turin no. 4 (ASLTO4) has developed a project aimed to train food business operators (FBO) to fulfill all the criteria developed in this Regulation. This initiative was divided into four steps: i) communication to the companies about the criteria of the new regulation; ii) a training course for official veterinarians; iii) slaughterhouse audits in order to get information about animal welfare; iv) and a training course for the personnel involved in slaughterhouses. The purpose of this paper was to report the results of the audits in order to identify critical points of structural, instrumental and documentary facilities. Then, the results can be compared with similar studies in order to develop common strategies and intervention areas.
Clinical Use and Effectiveness of Lipid Lowering Therapies in Diabetes Mellitus—An Observational Study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register

Objectives To describe the use and evaluate the effectiveness of different lipid lowering therapies in unselected patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in clinical practice. Design Observational population-based study using the personal identification number to link information from the National Diabetes Register, the Prescribed Drug Register and the Patient register in Sweden. All patients in the NDR aged 18–75 years with diabetes more than one year were eligible, but only patients starting any lipid lowering treatment with at least three prescriptions 1 July 2006–30 June 2007 were included (n = 37182). The mean blood lipid levels in 2008 and reductions in LDL cholesterol were examined. Results Blood lipid levels were similar in patients treated with simvastatin, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, showing similar lipid lowering effect as currently used. Users of pravastatin, fluvastatin, ezetimib and fibrate more seldom reach treatment goals. Moderate daily doses of the statins were used, with 76% of simvastatin users taking 20 mg or less, 48% of atorvastatin users taking 10 mg, 55% of pravastatin users taking 20 mg, and 76% of rosuvastatin users taking 5 or 10 mg. Conclusions This observational study shows that the LDL-C levels in patients taking simvastatin, atorvastatin or rosuvastatin are very similar as currently used, as well as their LDL-C lowering abilities. There is potential to intensify lipid lowering treatment to reduce the remaining high residual risk and achieve better fulfilment of treatment goals, since the commonly used doses are only low to moderate.
English-medium higher education: dilemma and problems

Problem statement: "Non-English speaking" countries have no choice but to learn English in order to survive in the international market. Establishing English-medium higher education institutions is one of the educational policies that has been adopted by countries like Turkey, in order to provide a greater advantage for the country in the international market. The purpose of the study: This research was conducted at an English-medium university located in a non-English speaking country in order to assess its effectiveness at the university level from the perspective of students and instructors. The research surveyed the perspectives of the students and instructors based on their rate of foreign language proficiency and their attitudes toward English-medium education. Their recommendations were also gathered to help improve the system. Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed for data collection and analysis. The research was conducted using a random sampling from a population of 1011 students and 117 instructors. A balanced percentage (10%) of the student and the instructor population, from each faculty, was included in the study. Data was gathered through two sets of questionnaires consisting of closed and open-ended questions. Multiple choice and the Likert Scale format (1 to 5) were used for the closeended questions. Both the instructor’s and student’s questionnaires were prepared in their mother tongue in order to obtain more detailed information. The data was subjected to a quantitative (descriptive) and qualitative (content) analysis Results: The results show that students feel disadvantaged during their college years, due to a self-perceived low language proficiency. Both the students and the instructors believe that if the system is improved it will * PhD, Bilkent University School of Applied Technology and Management Ankara / TURKEY collins@tourism.bilkent. edu.tr
THE EMERGING WORLD OF MOTOR NEUROPROSTHETICS: A NEUROSURGICAL PERSPECTIVE

A MOTOR NEUROPROSTHETIC device, or brain computer interface, is a machine that can take some type of signal from the brain and convert that information into overt device control such that it reflects the intentions of the user's brain. In essence, these constructs can decode the electrophysiological signals representing motor intent. With the parallel evolution of neuroscience, engineering, and rapid computing, the era of clinical neuroprosthetics is approaching as a practical reality for people with severe motor impairment. Patients with such diseases as spinal cord injury, stroke, limb loss, and neuromuscular disorders, may benefit through the implantation of these brain computer interfaces that serve to augment their ability to communicate and interact with their environment. In the upcoming years, it will be important for the neurosurgeon to understand what a brain computer interface is, its fundamental principle of operation, and what the salient surgical issues are when considering implantation. We review the current state of the field of motor neuroprosthetics research, the earlyclinical applications, and the essential considerations from a neurosurgical perspective for the future.
The role of paralinguistic voice-control of interactive media in augmenting awareness of voice characteristics in the hearing-impaired

Explaining voice characteristics to the deaf is not an easy undertaking for their instructors. Furthermore, many existing strategies for conveying these characteristics and teaching the deaf how to perceive them do not seem efficient, especially when dealing with the concept of pitch. As a result, some deaf people are not fully capable of differentiating between voice characteristics. Paradoxically, this doesn.t only apply to the deaf, but many of the hearing do not know the difference between pitch and loudness; when asked to generate a higher-pitched sound, many generate a louder sound. These were some of several reasons that led to my exploration of additional approaches to the visual representation of voice. I developed and employed non-speech voice-controlled applications in analyzing the interaction patterns of seven deaf children. The aim was to explore the potential role of paralinguistic vocal control of interactive media in enabling the deaf to have a greater understanding of voice and to offer their instructors more efficient and engaging strategies for explaining voice characteristics.
Analysis of Traffic Scheduling Technique for Smart Grid Mesh Networks

In this paper, we present a multi-gate mesh network architec ture that has been developed to ensure high performance and reliability under emergency conditions when a system expects to receive power outage notifications and exchanges. In order to handle the meteringtraffic, under time varying outage conditions we introduce a multi-gate and single-class back-pressure bas ed scheduling algorithm, which takes into account both the hop-count, as well as the queue length of each mesh no de. An important requirement of this algorithm is that all the meter nodes should always maintaina separate path to each gateway. We first quantify the stability region of the network when our novel algorithm is applied to schedule the packets. We then present a numeric analysis to prove that the overall net work delay is reduced as a result of employing the proposed scheduling algorithm. Moreover, we also theor etically prove that the network is always able to remain stable as long as the arrival rate vector lies insid e the stability region provided by our scheduling algorithm. Finally, we derive a distributed objective function that is adopted by the practical implementation of the packet-scheduling scheme. The simulation results in dicate that under the context of the multi-gate network, our packet-scheduling scheme can indeed significa ntly improve the network’s reliability and delay performance, which are important factors under outage conditions.
Study on potassium ferrate oxidative Degradation to solution of P-nitrophenol

It is discussed the preparation of potassium ferrate (VI) salts and the process of preparation of potassium ferrate by electrochemical method, and probed into characteristics in the process of oxidation by single ingredient experiments. The experiments were used to study factors of proportion under different conditions as follows, potassium ferrate (VI) salts dosing, the beginning pH of p-nitrophenol solution, the beginning concentration and the time of reaction. Also the orthogonal test was used to study the best compounding for the best result. Single ingredient experiments turn out four results. With increasing of the potassium ferrate (VI) salts dosing, the removal efficiency of CODCr also increased in a finite bound.
Exceptional Units and Numbers of Small Mahler Measure

Let α be a unit of degree d in an algebraic number field, and assume that a is not a root of unity. We conduct a numerical investigation that suggeststhat if α has small Mahler measure, there are many values of n for which 1 – α n is a unit and also many values of m for which Φ m (α) is a unit, where Φ m is the m-th cyclotomic polynomial. We prove that the number of such values of nand m is bounded above by O(d l+0.7/log log d ), and we describe a construction of Boyd that givesa lower bound of Ω(d 0.6/log log d ).
Autoeficacia para control de peso en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud

La obesidad es una enfermedad cronica considerada una epidemia mundial (Hojjat, 2013) y se trata de una acumulacion anormal o excesiva de grasa que es nociva para el organismo (Gonzalez, Diaz, Mendizabal, Medina y& Morales, 2014). Los factores principales que la causan son la alta ingesta de alimentos y la falta de actividad fisica en las personas (Gibb, Cameron, Hamilton, Murphy & Naji, 2010). Investigaciones han demostrado que las expectativas de autoeficacia estan estrechamente relacionadas con conductas favorables para el control de peso (Erenel, Efe, & Vural, 2011; Olivari & Urra, 2007; Rojas, 2007). La presente investigacion se llevo a cabo con una muestra de 157 estudiantes del area de la salud de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud (ECISALUD) unidad Valle de las Palmas, en la que se compararon los niveles de autoeficacia para el control de peso entre tres grupos de estudiantes clasificados en peso normal, sobrepeso y obesidad. Los hallazgos de este estudio mostraron una diferencia estadisticamente significativa en el nivel de autoeficacia para el control de peso del grupo con obesidad ante los grupos de peso normal y sobrepeso con un valor p= 0.030 en el factor actividad fisica programada. Este resultado indica que el ejercicio es el elemento mas significativo para el control de peso en estudiantes universitarios del area de la salud.
Massless Limit of Gravitational Higgs Mechanism

In gravitational Higgs mechanism graviton components acquire mass via spontaneous diffeomorphism breaking by scalar vacuum expectation values. We point out that in the massless limit the resulting theory is not Einstein–Hilbert gravity (EHG) but constrained gravity (CG). Consequently, massive solutions in the massless limit must be compared to those in CG (as opposed to EHG). We discuss spherically symmetric solutions in this context. The Schwarzschild solution in EHG can be coordinate-transformed such that it is also a solution in CG. The resulting solutions are non-perturbative in the asymptotic regime, and are reproduced in the massless limit of asymptotic massive solutions, hence no van Dam–Veltman–Zakharov discontinuity. We point out that higher curvature terms must be included to obtain non-singular spherically symmetric massive solutions and discuss a suitable framework.
CAT AND DOG DANDER ALLERGENS CAUSING TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY IN ASTHMATIC AND OTHER ALLERGIC PATIENTS

Allergens extracts from cats and dogs dander were prepared by extraction, followed by purification and fractionation by gel filtration. One major peak was obtained from cat dander with a molecular weight 35KDa, where as two major peaks were obtained from dog dander with a molecular weight 21 and 18 KDa. Total and specific IgE ELISA test was performed on 137 patient’s sera samples. The rate of the total IgE positive ELISA results was (72.99%). From the total IgE positive, it was found that the rate of the specific IgE positive ELISA results was 49% in case of patients examined with cat dander and 29% in patients examined with dog dander. There was significant difference (P<0.05) among different age groups regarding the number of patients who had specific IgE positive results, where the highest rates were observed in male and female of 10-30 years of age. In addition, a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between cat and dog allergy and also among the people who were living in urban and rural area. There is a cross-reaction between the cat and dog danders, extracts and the IgE binding capacity of cat and dog danders, protein extract was high since lower concentration of these extracts was needed to inhibit up to 50% of IgE specific binding sites to the allergosorbent.
Memory T cells are anergic to the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B

We have used staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to study the role of naive and memory T cells in the induction of peripheral tolerance. After administration of SEB to mice, the numbers of naive and memory T cells increase, as does the proportion of memory T cells, which are unresponsive to further stimulation with SEB in vitro. In addition, memory T cells generated in response to conventional antigen, which proliferate and provide help to B cells in the presence of the conventional antigen, fail to respond to superantigen. Hence, memory T cells, in general, are anergized by SEB. These results suggest that SEB- induced activation and anergy reflect the combined responses of naive and memory T cells. The differential activation vs. anergy of naive and memory T cells by superantigen may be related to cytokine production and may play an important role in the etiology of autoimmune diseases or immunodeficiency diseases such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
THE SYLLOGISM OF NEURO-ECONOMICS

If neuroscience is to contribute to economics, it will do so by the way of psychology. Neural data can and do lead to better psychological theories, and psychological insights can and do lead to better economic models. Hence, neuroscience can in principle contribute to economics. Whether it actually will do so is an empirical question and the jury is still out. Economics currently faces theoretical and empirical challenges analogous to those faced by physics at the turn of the twentieth century and ultimately addressed by quantum theory. If “quantum economics” will emerge in the coming decades, it may well be founded on such concepts as cognitive processes and brain activity.
Classification of AIDS-related lymphoma cases between 1987 and 2012 in Japan based on the WHO classification of lymphomas, fourth edition

The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced the mortality of patients with human immunodeficiency virus‐1 infection worldwide. However, malignant lymphoma is a severe and frequent complication seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The diagnostic criteria for some categories of AIDS‐related lymphoma were revised in the World Health Organization International Classification of Lymphoma, fourth edition. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinicopathological characteristics of Japanese patients with AIDS‐related lymphoma according to the revised classification. In this retrospective study, 207 AIDS‐related lymphoma cases diagnosed between 1987 and 2012 in Japan were subjected to histological subtyping and clinicopathological analyses. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the predominant histological subtype throughout the study period (n = 104, 50%). Among the DLBCL cases, 24% were of the germinal center (GC) type and 76% were of the non‐GC type. Non‐GC‐type cases showed a significantly lower 1‐year survival rate (43%) than the GC‐type cases (82%). Cases of Burkitt lymphoma (n = 57, 28%), plasmablastic lymphoma (n = 16, 8%), primary effusion lymphoma (n = 9, 4%), Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 8, 4%), and large B‐cell lymphoma arising in Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus‐associated multicentric Castleman disease (n = 2, 1%) were also observed. Hodgkin lymphoma was more common in patients receiving ART (11.1%) than in ART‐naïve patients (1.4%). Statistical analyses identified CD10 negativity, BCL‐6 negativity, Epstein–Barr virus positivity, and Kaposi sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus positivity as risk factors for poor prognosis. This information will help in the early diagnosis of lymphoma in patients with AIDS.
Reduced Biocide Susceptibility in Candida albicans Biofilms

ABSTRACT Candida biofilm formation is common during infection and environmental growth. We tested the impacts of three biocides (ethanol [EtOH], H2O2, and sodium dodecyl sulfate) on Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata biofilms. Higher concentrations of the biocides were required for efficacy against biofilms than for efficacy against planktonic controls. A combination study with two biocides (EtOH and H2O2) and fluconazole demonstrated that the combination had enhanced efficacy.
The Impact of Being a Peer Sexual Health Educator: Lessons Learned from Mobilizing African American Adolescents Against HIV in Flint, Michigan

Abstract Although peer-led health education is common, the long-term impact of being a peer educator is under-studied. The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate the long-term impact of being a peer sexual health educator. The sample consists of African American young adults who had served in this role. Being a peer sexual health educator had perceptual, cognitive, and relational impacts. This study has implications for the design and evaluation of sexual health programs.
Between mood and matter: studies on the interface between mood disorders and physical conditions

This dissertation focuses on the interface of mood disorders and physical conditions from various perspectives. Patients with a psychiatric disorder have an increased risk of developing physical disorders and live ten to thirty years shorter than the general population. Our results found that patients with bipolar disorder are almost twice as likely to develop metabolic syndrome as the general population. This, in turn, increases their risk of cardiovascular disease. Patients with chronic pain often suffer from depressive symptoms. Our research shows that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is effective in reducing depressive symptoms in patients with chronic pain and depression and that body awareness plays a role. The final link between body and mind examined in this dissertation is cranial electrotherapy stimulation as a treatment for depression. This form of neurostimulation uses a small electric current to influence brain activity. 'Our results suggest that cranial electrotherapy stimulation using the Fisher Wallace Stimulator as an additional treatment option for patients with therapy-resistant depression does not yield demonstrably better results than the placebo. '