Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Million Second Chandra View of Cassiopeia A

We introduce a million second observation of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. The bipolar structure of the Si-rich ejecta (northeast jet and southwest counterpart) is clearly evident in the new images, and their chemical similarity is confirmed by their spectra. These are most likely due to jets of ejecta as opposed to cavities in the circumstellar medium, since we can reject simple models for the latter. The properties of these jets and the Fe-rich ejecta will provide clues to the explosion of Cas A.
Stress Perception of Second-year Dental Undergraduate Students - A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Objective: The dental undergraduate students are trained intensely on preclinical skills in their second year added to the regular academic workload. A study on the perception of the stress by these students will provide feedback for the faculty members to do necessary curricular modifications if needed. The aim of this study was to assess the overall stress of the students and the contributing factors. Material and Methods:The modified dental environmental stress questionnaire was administered to 55 second-year undergraduate dental students. The questionnaire had 25 items with the responses on a Likert scale of 0 to 4 for each item. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics with frequencies and one-way ANOVA with posthoc analysis using SPSS. Results: Majority of the students were having no stress (21.8%) to mild stress (70.9%). Only 7.3% had moderate stress and none were highly stressed in the study population. The academic factors, personal life issues, and professional identity were contributing equally and the faculty relations were significantly less stressful than other factors. The fear of facing parents after failure was perceived to be the top stressor with a mean stress score of 2.1 ±1.5. The difficulty in learning precision manual skills contributed lesser stress (1.25 ± 0.7) and was not in the top five stressors. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, the second year dental students were not highly stressed. Milder grades of stress cannot be prevented completely. Stress is not always bad as eustress motivates positive functioning of the students
More Than Needles: The Importance of Explanations and Self-Care Advice in Treating Primary Dysmenorrhea with Acupuncture

Background. Primary dysmenorrhea is a common gynaecological condition. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupuncturists commonly treat primary dysmenorrhea and dispense specific self-care advice for this condition. The impact of self-care advice on primary dysmenorrhea is unknown. Methods. 19 TCM acupuncture practitioners from New Zealand or Australia and 12 New Zealand women who had recently undergone acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea as part of a randomised controlled trial participated in this qualitative, pragmatic study. Focus groups and semistructured interviews were used to collect data. These were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results. The overarching theme was that an acupuncture treatment consisted of “more than needles” for both practitioners and participants. Practitioners and participants both discussed the partnership they engaged in during treatment, based on openness and trust. Women felt that the TCM self-care advice was related to positive outcomes for their dysmenorrhea and increased their feelings of control over their menstrual symptoms. Conclusions. Most of the women in this study found improved symptom control and reduced pain. A contributing factor for these improvements may be an increased internal health locus of control and an increase in self-efficacy resulting from the self-care advice given during the clinical trial.
IMPACT OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING ON LEARNER MOTIVATION IN SPEAKING AT A VIETNAMESE HIGH SCHOOL

Cooperative learning has been increasingly recognized as an effective instructional strategy in English language teaching and learning. However, traditional lecturing still dominates in education in Vietnam, thereby hindering learners from participating in speaking activities or sharing responsibility for their learning. Also, research into cooperative learning in relation to learner motivation in speaking at high school is scant in the Mekong Delta. This paper therefore reports on a study examining the impact of cooperative learning on learner motivation to speak English and investigating their attitudes towards this type of interactive learning. Data collected for this study include a one-group pre-test and post-test design, questionnaires, and interviews with grade ten learners at a high school in Vinh Long province. The findings indicate that learners were motivated and improved in speaking through cooperative learning after the study. Implications for this interactive speaking practice are also presented. Article visualizations:
Histopathological observations of farmed carp fingerlings of Mymensingh area

Histopathological studies were conducted on carp fingerlings of Labeo rohita, Catla catla and Cirrhinus cirrhosus during October 2003 to May 2004 from fish farms of Mymensingh area. Monthly samplings were done with 10 fish from each species with the help of seine net. Skin, muscle, gill and liver were collected, processed and stained in Haematoxylin and Eosin. Histologically carp fingerlings of different fish farms were more affected in colder months by protozoans, monogenean, bacterial and fungal pathogens. Pathological changes like necrosis, fungal granuloma, protozoan cyst, vacuolation, melanomacrophase, haemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia and clubbing were recorded in all the investigated organs. The fish C. cirrhosus had pathological symptoms like hypertrophy, hyperplasia, necrosis, haemorrhage, inflammation, vacuolation and clubbing. Similar signs were also recorded in L. rohita and C. catla but the degrees of severity were less. Among the fish gills were more affected with protozoan followed by skin, liver and the less affected organ was the muscle. In some cases large bacterial colony and protozoan cyst were observed in the secondary gill lamellae of C. cirrhosus. Key word: Histopathology, carp fingerlings, Mymensingh. Copyright: @ 2012 Chandra, K. J. et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Common Attribution 3.0 License.
Influence of Social Exchange Relationships on Affective Commitment and Innovative Behavior: Role of Perceived Organizational Support

The current study objective is to investigate how and when leader member exchange (LMX), tie strength, and innovative organizational culture influences employee innovative behavior. In particular, this study uses the social exchange theory to analyze that nurses who demonstrate high affective commitment exhibit a higher level of creativity in the workplace. Based on social exchange theory and perceived organizational support (POS) literature, the current study aims to reveal how perceived organizational support (POS) serves as an imperative mediating process between LMX, tie strength, innovative organizational culture, and employee IB. A questionnaire survey was utilized to collect the data from nurses working in public sector hospitals in Jiangsu province China. A total sample size consists of 325 nurses. Structural equation modeling through AMOS 20 was utilized to analyze the survey data. Results from the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that LMX, tie strength, and POS are significantly related to affective commitment and employees’ IB. However, innovative organizational culture has a significant influence on POS and IB, but has no impact on affective commitment. This study covers only public sector hospitals and is limited to Jiangsu province, China. The research could be reproduced in other designated areas in different organizational setups with a bigger sample size to further enhance the understanding of the topic. The key understanding of social exchange theory (SET) is that social relationships can be used appropriately to foster an employee’s IB. It also expands research in the area of LMX, tie strength, innovative organizational culture, and POS as antecedents of affective commitment and IB. This study is a remarkable analysis of LMX, POS, organization culture, commitment, and IB in the Chinese organizational context.
The influence of selection effects on the observed cataclysmic variable population: modelling and application to the Palomar–Green sample

Large differences between the properties of the known sample of cataclysmic variable stars (CVs) and the predictions of the theory of binary star evolution have long been recognized. However, because all existing CV samples suffer from strong selection effects, observational biases must be taken into account before it is possible to tell whether there is an inconsistency. In order to address this problem, we have modelled the impact of selection effects on observed CV samples using a Monte Carlo approach. By simulating the selection criteria of the Palomar-Green (PG) Survey, we show that selection effects cannot reconcile the predictions of standard CV evolution theory with the observed sample. More generally, we illustrate the effect of the biases that are introduced by magnitude limits, selection cuts in U - B and restrictions in Galactic latitude.
How does discharge status impact suicide risk in military veterans?

ABSTRACT Little is known about over 125,000 veterans who received non-honorable military discharges since 2001, even though these veterans face substantial barriers to obtaining services and are likely to be at high risk for negative mental and behavioral health outcomes including suicide. Seven-hundred twenty-two veterans living the in the San Francisco Bay Area participated in the study. The sample comprised honorably discharged (n = 508) and non-honorably discharged veterans (n = 214). T-tests were used to compare means on predictors of suicide risk including Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol use, somatic symptoms, and physical disability. A series of regression models tested relationships between predictors, discharge status, and suicide risk. Non-honorably discharged veterans demonstrated higher mean scores than honorably discharged veterans on all predictors. In regression models, somatic symptoms (β = 0.22, p < 0.001), physical disability (β = 0.16, p < 0.05), and discharge status (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) were associated with suicide risk. The final model showed an interaction effect for discharge status on the relationship between somatic symptoms and suicide risk (β = 0.16, p < 0.05). Non-honorably discharged veterans showed higher rates of mental and physical health problems and suicide risk compared to honorably discharged veterans. The magnitude of the relationship between somatic symptoms and suicide risk was significantly greater in non-honorably discharged veterans.
Being a princess: young children's negotiation of femininities in a Kindergarten classroom in Indonesia

ABSTRACT This paper attempts to explore young children’s construction of femininities in a kindergarten in Indonesia. Using a postdevelopmentalist and postcolonial approach, this paper seeks to understand how young children in the school develop, negotiate and resist existing gender construction. This paper is based on an ethnography research conducted in 2010 for eight months. Findings of this study reveal that discourse of femininities in the school is situated in the discourse of a princess. This paper argues that there are multiple meanings attached to the discourse of a princess. It does not only become a signifier for femininity, but it also acts as a signifier for social class. The findings also suggest that the discourse perpetuates the legacy of colonisation in the school. It is, then, recommended that, in order for kindergarten teachers to be able to disrupt the construction of femininities, they need to be able to understand multiple meaning of femininities as well as power relation embodied in the construction.
AUTOMATED RECONSTRUCTION OF WALLS FROM AIRBORNE LIDAR DATA FOR COMPLETE 3D BUILDING MODELLING

Automated 3D building model generation continues to attract research interests in photogrammetry and computer vision. Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data with increasing point density and accuracy has been recognized as a valuable source for automated 3D building reconstruction. While considerable achievements have been made in roof extraction, limited research has been carried out in modelling and reconstruction of walls, which constitute important components of a full building model. Low point density and irregular point distribution of LIDAR observations on vertical walls render this task complex. This paper develops a novel approach for wall reconstruction from airborne LIDAR data. The developed method commences with point cloud segmentation using a region growing approach. Seed points for planar segments are selected through principle component analysis, and points in the neighbourhood are collected and examined to form planar segments. Afterwards, segment-based classification is performed to identify roofs, walls and planar ground surfaces. For walls with sparse LIDAR observations, a search is conducted in the neighbourhood of each individual roof segment to collect wall points, and the walls are then reconstructed using geometrical and topological constraints. Finally, walls which were not illuminated by the LIDAR sensor are determined via both reconstructed roof data and neighbouring walls. This leads to the generation of topologically consistent and geometrically accurate and complete 3D building models. Experiments have been conducted in two test sites in the Netherlands and Australia to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Results show that planar segments can be reliably extracted in the two reported test sites, which have different point density, and the building walls can be correctly reconstructed if the walls are illuminated by the LIDAR sensor.
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 Mediates Hypoxia-Induced TRPC Expression and Elevated Intracellular Ca 2 in Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells

Chronic hypoxia (CH) causes pulmonary vasoconstriction because of increased pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) contraction and proliferation. We previously demonstrated that intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca ]i) was elevated in PASMCs from chronically hypoxic rats because of Ca 2 influx through pathways other than L-type Ca channels and that development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension required full expression of the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). In this study, we examined the effect of CH on the activity and expression of store-operated Ca channels (SOCCs) and the regulation of these channels by HIF-1. Capacitative Ca entry (CCE) was enhanced in PASMCs from intrapulmonary arteries of rats exposed to CH (10% O2; 21 days), and exposure to Ca -free extracellular solution or SOCC antagonists (SKF96365 or NiCl2) decreased resting [Ca 2 ]i in these cells. Expression of TRPC1 and TRPC6, but not TRPC4, mRNA and protein was increased in PASMCs from rats and wild-type mice exposed to CH, in PASMCs from normoxic animals cultured under hypoxic conditions (4% O2; 60 hours), and in PASMCs in which HIF-1 was overexpressed under nonhypoxic conditions. Hypoxia-induced increases in basal [Ca ]i and TRPC expression were absent in mice partially deficient for HIF-1. These results suggest that increased TRPC expression, leading to enhanced CCE through SOCCs, may contribute to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by facilitating Ca influx and increasing basal [Ca ]i in PASMCs and that this response is mediated by HIF-1. (Circ Res. 2006;98:1528-1537.)
Adipsin Is Associated with Multiple Sclerosis: A Follow-Up Study of Adipokines

Background and Objective. The role of adipokines in regulation of immune responses has been recognized, but very little is known about their impact on multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we analysed whether the major adipokines are differentially expressed in plasma of patients with different MS subtypes and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and explored their association with major disease characteristics. Methods. The levels of adiponectin, adipsin, leptin, and resistin in the plasma of 80 patients with different subtypes of MS and CIS were followed up annually over the two years. The data obtained were correlated with disease activity, EDSS and volumes of T1-weighted lesions (T1-LV), and fluid attenuation inversion recovery lesions (FLAIR-LV) on MRI. Results. In MS group, a correlation was found between the level of adipsin and EDSS score at baseline (r = 0.506, p < 0.001). In RRMS, the levels of adipsin correlated with EDSS scores (r = 0.542, p = 0.002), T1-LV (r = 0.410, p = 0.034), and FLAIR-LV (r = 0.601, p = 0.0001) at baseline and an increase in the T1-LV over the follow-up (r = 0.582, p = 0.003). Associations with other adipokines were not detected. Conclusion. Our exploratory study provides novel insights on the impact of adipokines in MS and suggests that adipsin exerts predictive potential as a biomarker of neurodegeneration.
Fast circuit simulation on graphics processing units

SPICE based circuit simulation is a traditional workhorse in the VLSI design process. Given the pivotal role of SPICE in the IC design flow, there has been significant interest in accelerating SPICE. Since a large fraction (on average 75%) of the SPICE runtime is spent in evaluating transistor model equations, a significant speedup can be availed if these evaluations are accelerated. This paper reports on our early efforts to accelerate transistor model evaluations using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We have integrated this accelerator with a commercial fast SPICE tool. Our experiments demonstrate that significant speedups (2.36× on average) can be obtained. The asymptotic speedup that can be obtained is about 4×. We demonstrate that with circuits consisting of as few as about 1000 transistors, speedups in the neighborhood of this asymptotic value can be obtained. By utilizing the recently announced (but not currently available) quad GPU systems, this speedup could be enhanced further, especially for larger designs.
Load Balancing in Peer-to-Peer Networks Based on Sampling System States

Virtual servers provide an abstraction layer to exploit the heterogeneity of peers (or nodes) that participate in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network based on the distributed hash table (DHT). In this paper, we present a load-balanced DHT network based on virtual servers. In our proposal, participating peers accept loads proportional to their capacities. By sampling the capacities of peers and workloads of virtual servers in the system, our design approximates the probability distributions for the capacities and workloads. Each node is based on the probability distributions to match their local virtual servers and other peers. Our proposal is developed through rigorous performance analysis, and is evaluated in extensive simulations.
Synchronization of epicardial crawling robot with heartbeat and respiration for improved safety and efficiency of locomotion

HeartLander is a miniature mobile robot designed to navigate over the epicardium of the beating heart for minimally invasive therapy. This paper presents a technique to decrease slippage and improve locomotion efficiency by synchronizing the locomotion with the intrapericardial pressure variations of the respiration and heartbeat cycles.
The Abundance of Interstellar Fluorine and Its Implications

We report results from a survey of neutral fluorine (F I) in the interstellar medium. Data from FUSE were used to analyze 26 lines of sight lying in both the galactic disk and halo, including lines to Wolf-Rayet stars and through known supernova remnants. The equivalent widths of the fluorine resonance lines at 951.871 and 954.827 Å were measured or assigned upper limits and combined with a nitrogen curve of growth to obtain F I column densities. These column densities were then used to calculate fluorine depletions. Comparisons are made to the previous study of F I by Federman and coworkers and implications for F I formation and depletion are discussed.
Leisure at work and employee flourishing

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of Duerden, Courtright, and Widmer’s leisure at work (LAW) model and explore the relationship between LAW and employee flourishing (i.e., resilience, work engagement, organizational identification). In a sample of 266 computer software employees, structural equation modeling revealed that LAW and leisure as a state of mind (i.e., intrinsic motivation, perceived freedom, positive affect) had positive relationships with personal expressiveness (β = .704, p < .001) and organizational identification (β = .164, p < .01). In addition, LAW had a positive relationship with resilience mediated by personal expressiveness (β = .157, p < .01). Results suggest that LAW can provide added value to the workplace by facilitating personal expressiveness, resilience, and organizational identification. This study contributes to the discussion on LAW-related benefits and provides recommendations for practical application and future research.
Moving Through the Literature: What Is the Emotion Often Denoted Being Moved?

When do people say that they are moved, and does this experience constitute a unique emotion? We review theory and empirical research on being moved across psychology and philosophy. We examine feeling labels, elicitors, valence, bodily sensations, and motivations. We find that the English lexeme being moved typically (but not always) refers to a distinct and potent emotion that results in social bonding; often includes tears, piloerection, chills, or a warm feeling in the chest; and is often described as pleasurable, though sometimes as a mixed emotion. While we conclude that it is a distinct emotion, we also recommend studying it in a more comprehensive emotion framework, instead of using the ambiguous vernacular term being moved as a scientific term.
Are British Columbian forestry workers achieving recommended sleep levels?

ABSTRACT This article presents the results from a case study involving forestry workers. Sleep data were collected from 41 subjects over a 14-day period, and analyzed using mixed models. When considering the time spent in bed and the time actually asleep, the subjects were on average able to achieve the recommended minimum six hours of sleep. The significant factors affecting the hours of sleep obtained included the job being performed, whether the observation was followed by a day off, where the subject slept, if the subject lived with children, and when the subject drank caffeinated beverages. The significant factors affecting whether a subject felt fatigued included the hours of sleep, job class, and whether the subject lived with children. As a group, management staff were found to have lower sleep levels than the other job classes and were more likely to report feeling fatigued. Most subjects in this study had at least one day below the recommended six hours of sleep.