Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Medication errors in a paediatric teaching hospital in the UK: five years operational experience

BACKGROUND In the past 10 years, medication errors have come to be recognised as an important cause of iatrogenic disease in hospital patients. AIMS To determine the incidence and type of medication errors in a large UK paediatric hospital over a five year period, and to ascertain whether any error prevention programmes had influenced error occurrence. METHODS Retrospective review of medication errors documented in standard reporting forms completed prospectively from April 1994 to August 1999. Main outcome measure was incidence of error reporting, including pre- and post-interventions. RESULTS Medication errors occurred in 0.15% of admissions (195 errors; one per 662 admissions). While the highest rate occurred in neonatal intensive care (0.98%), most errors occurred in medical wards. Nurses were responsible for most reported errors (59%). Errors involving the intravenous route were commonest (56%), with antibiotics being the most frequent drug involved (44%). Fifteen (8%) involved a tenfold medication error. Although 18 (9.2%) required active patient intervention, 96% of errors were classified as minor at the time of reporting. Forty eight per cent of parents were not told an error had occurred. The introduction of a policy of double checking all drugs dispensed by pharmacy staff led to a reduction in errors from 9.8 to 6 per year. Changing the error reporting form to make it less punitive increased the error reporting rate from 32.7 to 38 per year. CONCLUSION The overall medication error rate was low. Despite this there are clear opportunities to make system changes to reduce error rates further. Key messages Medication errors are uncommon There is a need to change the culture towards recognising and acknowledging clinical errors, including drug errors Careful review of errors highlights many opportunities for change to make drug errors less likely
Tall tales from de Sitter space II: Field theory dualities

We consider the evolution of massive scalar fields in (asymptotically) de Sitter spacetimes of arbitrary dimension. Through the proposed dS/CFT correspondence, our analysis points to the existence of new nonlocal dualities for the Euclidean conformal field theory. A massless conformally coupled scalar field provides an example where the analysis is easily explicitly extended to 'tall' background spacetimes.
Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection: What Works?

Prevention of Clostridium difficile infection has become extremely important because of increases in its incidence and severity. Unfortunately, efforts at C. difficile infection prevention are hampered by lack of data to support optimal prevention methods, especially for endemic C. difficile infection. Studies are needed to define the optimal prevention practices and to investigate novel prevention methods.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF UNSTEADY CAVITATION ON A HYDROFOIL SECTION USING A BAROTROPIC MODEL

A numerical study on the simulation of cavitation by means of a laminar 2D Navier Stokes flow solver is presented in this study. In particular, results for cases of cavitating flow around a NACA0015 hydrofoil at different angle of attack are reported. A barotropic relationship is implemented to take in to account the liquid-vapor phase change. The variations both of the flow dynamic response and of the main flow features associated with different values of angles of attack are reported and discussed.
LCM ver. 2: Efficient Mining Algorithms for Frequent/Closed/Maximal Itemsets

For a transaction database, a frequent itemset is an itemset included in at least a specied number of transactions. A frequent itemset P is maximal if P is included in no other frequent itemset, and closed if P is included in no other itemset included in the exactly same transactions as P. The problems of nding these frequent itemsets are fundamental in data mining, and from the applications, fast implementations for solving the problems are needed. In this paper, we propose ecien t algorithms LCM (Linear time Closed itemset Miner), LCMfreq and LCMmax for these problems. We show the eciency of our algorithms by computational experiments compared with existing algorithms.
Characterization of a New Class of Androgen Receptor Antagonists with Potential Therapeutic Application in Advanced Prostate Cancer

The human androgen receptor plays a major role in the development and progression of prostate cancer and represents a well-established drug target. All clinically approved androgen receptor antagonists possess similar chemical structures and exhibit the same mode of action on the androgen receptor. Although initially effective, resistance to these androgen receptor antagonists usually develops and the cancer quickly progresses to castration-resistant and metastatic states. Yet even in these late-stage patients, the androgen receptor is critical for the progression of the disease. Thus, there is a continuing need for novel chemical classes of androgen receptor antagonists that could help overcome the problem of resistance. In this study, we implemented and used the synergetic combination of virtual and experimental screening to discover a number of new 10-benzylidene-10H-anthracen-9-ones that not only effectively inhibit androgen receptor transcriptional activity, but also induce almost complete degradation of the androgen receptor. Of these 10-benzylidene-10H-anthracen-9-one analogues, a lead compound (VPC-3033) was identified that showed strong androgen displacement potency, effectively inhibited androgen receptor transcriptional activity, and possesses a profound ability to cause degradation of androgen receptor. Notably, VPC-3033 exhibited significant activity against prostate cancer cells that have already developed resistance to the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide (formerly known as MDV3100). VPC-3033 also showed strong antiandrogen receptor activity in the LNCaP in vivo xenograft model. These results provide a foundation for the development of a new class of androgen receptor antagonists that can help address the problem of antiandrogen resistance in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11); 2425–35. ©2013 AACR.
Analysis of the maximum efficiency of kite-power systems

This paper analyzes the maximum power that a kite, or system of kites, can extract from the wind. First, a number of existing results on kite system efficiency are reviewed. The results that are generally applicable require significant simplifying assumptions, usually neglecting the effects of inertia and gravity. On the other hand, the more precise analyses are usually only applicable to a particular type of kite-power system. Second, a novel result is derived that relates the maximum power output of a kite system to the angle of the average aerodynamic force produced by the system. This result essentially requires no limiting assumptions, and as such it is generally applicable. As it considers average forces that must be balanced, inertial forces are implicitly accounted for. In order to derive practically useful results, the maximum power output is expressed in terms of the system overall strength-to-weight ratio, the tether angle, and the tether drag through an efficiency factor. The result is a simpl.
A Weighted K-Means Clustering Based Co-scheduling Strategy towards Efficient Execution of Scientific Workflows in Collaborative Cloud Environments

Due to the advantages of cost-effectiveness, on-demand resource provision and easy for sharing, cloud computing has grown in popularity with research community for deploying scientific applications such as workflows. When such interest continues growing and workflows are widely performed in collaborative cloud environments that consist of a number of data centers, there is an urgent need for exploiting strategies which can place the application data across globally distributed data centers and schedule tasks according to the data layout to reduce both the latency and make span for workflow execution. In this paper, by utilising dependencies among datasets and tasks, we propose an efficient data and task co scheduling strategy that can place input datasets in a load balance way and meanwhile group the mostly related datasets and tasks together. We build a simulation environment on Tianhe supercomputer to evaluate the proposed strategy and run simulations by random and realistic workflows. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can effectively improve workflows performance while reducing the total volume of data transfer across data centers.
Cortical Representations Sensitive to the Number of Perceived Auditory Objects Emerge between 2 and 4 Months of Age: Electrophysiological Evidence

Sound waves emitted by two or more simultaneous sources reach the ear as one complex waveform. Auditory scene analysis involves parsing a complex waveform into separate perceptual representations of the sound sources [Bregman, A. S. Auditory scene analysis: The perceptual organization of sounds. London: MIT Press, 1990]. Harmonicity provides an important cue for auditory scene analysis. Normally, harmonics at integer multiples of a fundamental frequency are perceived as one sound with a pitch corresponding to the fundamental frequency. However, when one harmonic in such a complex, pitch-evoking sound is sufficiently mistuned, that harmonic emerges from the complex tone and is perceived as a separate auditory object. Previous work has shown that the percept of two objects is indexed in both children and adults by the object-related negativity component of the ERP derived from EEG recordings [Alain, C. , Arnott, S. T. , & Picton, T. W. Bottom–up and top–down influences on auditory scene analysis: Evidence from event-related brain potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 1072–1089, 2001]. Here we examine the emergence of object-related responses to an 8% harmonic mistuning in infants between 2 and 12 months of age. Two-month-old infants showed no significant object-related response. However, in 4- to 12-month-old infants, a significant frontally positive component was present, and by 8–12 months, a significant frontocentral object-related negativity was present, similar to that seen in older children and adults. This is in accordance with previous research demonstrating that infants younger than 4 months of age do not integrate harmonic information to perceive pitch when the fundamental is missing [He, C. , Hotson, L. , & Trainor, L. J. Maturation of cortical mismatch mismatch responses to occasional pitch change in early infancy: Effects of presentation rate and magnitude of change. Neuropsychologia, 47, 218–229, 2009]. The results indicate that the ability to use harmonic information to segregate simultaneous sounds emerges at the cortical level between 2 and 4 months of age.
Developing a Facebook withdrawal Scale: Results of a Controlled Field Experiment

Particularly in the last years, IS research started to analyze threats due to technology, like the unhealthy misuse of the social network Facebook. This research examines withdrawal symptoms due to cessation and develops a Facebook withdrawal scale (FWS). At first, we identified withdrawal symptoms from substance related and behavioral addictions, which have been tested by scales from medicine and psychology research. In a second step, we developed the Facebook Cessation Model. Results of a controlled field experiment with 26 Facebook users being isolated from Facebook for in total 120h reveal that different withdrawal symptoms can occur: Agitation, annoyance, anxiety, increased appetite, difficulties in concentrating, craving for Facebook, disturbance of social contacts, not feeling happy or calm, fluctuation in mood, feeling left out, hostility, impatientness, inattentiveness, irritability, memory lapses, restlessness and feeling slowed down. Our results offer an opportunity to assess addiction and withdrawal without relying on participants’ self-reporting their behavior.
Do shark declines create fear-released systems?

We illustrate the theoretical plausibility that fishery removal of sharks can indirectly alter predation pressure on different fish species via the behavioural responses of mesoconsumers released from predator intimidation. Our dynamic state variable model of foraging decisions by harbour seals, a mesopredator, predicted indirect effects of the removal of Pacific sleeper sharks on two species consumed by seals, Pacific herring and walleye pollock, as mediated by seal behaviour. Herring, a fatty fish, form near-surface aggregations that often are ephemeral and widely dispersed. Pollock are found in the deeper strata preferred by sharks and have lower energy density than herring, but also are larger and their more continuous distribution potentially makes them the more predictable resource for seals. During simulations, predation risk from sharks produced an asymmetric trophic cascade mediated by the seal's underutilisation of deeper, riskier strata. Risk management by seals reduced mortality on pollock, which required riskier access in deep strata, while increasing mortality on herring, which could be accessed with less risk in shallow strata. This effect, however, attenuated if herring were scarcer and seal energy state was poor. During shark removal scenarios, seals shifted to deeper strata, increasing pollock consumption and substantially decreasing use of herring; the proportional change was greatest if seals were in good energy state. Prior studies have addressed how shark declines might affect community structure through density responses by species consumed by sharks; earlier models incorporating antipredator behaviour of the mesopredator (i.e. Ecosim/Ecospace) allow for activity reduction but not for the spatial shifts that altered the asymmetric trophic cascade in our simulations. Our results suggest that shark declines might have stronger ecological consequences than previously recognised if we account for spatial and diet shifts by mesoconsumers released from shark intimidation.
A Real-Time Malaysian Automatic License Plate Recognition (M-ALPR) using Hybrid Fuzzy

The Road Transport Department of Malaysia has endorsed a specification for car plates that includes the font and size of characters that must be followed by car owners. However, there are cases where this specification is not followed. This paper proposes a new methodology to segment and recognize Malaysian car license plates automatically. The proposed methodology solves the problem of segmenting different length licenses such as license with different number of character and number. There are two main objectives for this paper: first is to develop fuzzy rules to recognize the segmented characters and numbers from the same input-sets, which is the same size without overlapping between the characters and numbers sets. Secondly, this paper proposes a method to recognize non-standard plates by Template Matching theorem. Finally, the hybrid method of Fuzzy and Template matching is tested on 300 samples of car images captured in outdoor environment. The results yield 90.4% recognition accuracy, the Fuzzy based required 1.7 seconds and Template matching based took 0.75 seconds to perform the recognition. The adaptability factor of the hybrid method is also discussed.
PROCESSES OF ASIAN AMERICAN IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY OF JAPANESE AMERICAN WOMEN'S PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR STRUGGLE TO ACHIEVE POSITIVE IDENTITIES AS AMERICANS OF ASIAN ANCESTRY

PROCESSES OF ASIAN AMERICAN IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY OF JAPANESE AMERICAN WOMEN’S PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR STRUGGLE TO ACHIEVE POSITIVE IDENTITIES AS AMERICANS OF ASIAN ANCESTRY May 1981 Jean Kim, B.A. , University of Massachusetts M.A., University of Massachusetts Ed.D. , University of Massachusetts Directed by: Dr. Bailey W. Jackson
Geometrical cloning of 3D objects via simultaneous registration of multiple range images

Presents a method for the reconstruction of real-world objects from multiple range images. One major contribution of our approach is the simultaneous registration of all range images acquired from different scanner views. Thus, registration errors are not accumulated, and it is even possible to reconstruct large objects from an arbitrary number of small range images. The registration process is based on a least-squares approach where a distance metric between the overlapping range images is minimized. A resolution hierarchy accelerates the registration substantially. After registration, a volumetric model of the object is carved out. This step is based on the idea that no part of the object can lie between the measured surface and the camera of the scanner. With the marching cube algorithm, a polygonal representation is generated. The accuracy of this polygonal mesh is improved by moving the vertices of the mesh on to the surface implicitly defined by the registered range images.
Hand gesture recognition with depth data

Depth data acquired by current low-cost real-time depth cameras provide a very informative description of the hand pose, that can be effectively exploited for gesture recognition purposes. This paper introduces a novel hand gesture recognition scheme based on depth data. The hand is firstly extracted from the acquired depth maps with the aid also of color information from the associated views. Then the hand is segmented into palm and finger regions. Next, two different set of feature descriptors are extracted, one based on the distances of the fingertips from the hand center and the other on the curvature of the hand contour. Finally, a multi-class SVM classifier is employed to recognize the performed gestures. The proposed scheme runs in real-time and is able to achieve a very high accuracy on depth data acquired with the Kinect.
SYNTHETIC PHENOMENOLOGY

The term \synthetic phenomenology" refers to: 1) any attempt to characterize the phenomenal states possessed, or modeled by, an artefact (such as a robot); or 2) any attempt to use an artefact to help specify phenomenal states (independently of whether such states are possessed by a naturally conscious being or an artefact). The notion of synthetic phenomenology is clari¯ed, and distinguished from some related notions. It is argued that much work in machine consciousness would bene¯t from being more cognizant of the need for synthetic phenomenology of the ¯rst type, and of the possible forms it may take. It is then argued that synthetic phenomenology of the second type looks set to resolve some problems confronted by standard, non-synthetic attempts at characterizing phenomenal states. An example of the second form of synthetic phenomenology is given.
Grip Strength in Young Top-level Table Tennis Players

Introduction. Table tennis is an individual and asymmetric sport in which a great number of shots are performed at high velocity and power involving the dominant body side. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of force production differences between dominant and non-dominant upper limbs in young top-level table tennis players. Methods. A total of 63 players (38 males and 25 females), aged between 10 and 13 years participated in this study. All subjects carried out a simple grip strength test using an isometric handgrip dynamometer (Takei 5101; Tokyo, Japan). Once handgrip dynamometer was adjusted to the size of the player's hands, each subject performed three attempts with each hand alternatively trying to reach the peak force in the three first seconds. Two-minutes rest period between attempts was established. Tests were executed maintaining the standard position (from stand position, extending the arm next to the body and maintaining a neutral grip with the palm oriented to the tight) and the best result for each hand was registered. A 2x2 ANOVA was performed in order to examine the interaction between sex group and laterality (dominant and non-dominant hand). Results. Males showed higher levels of grip strength than females both with the dominant and non-dominant hand (20.2±3.5 and 18.2±1.4 kgf for dominant and non-dominant hand in female players, respectively vs. 27.1±5.1 and 22.4±4.1 kgf for dominant and non-dominant hand in male players, respectively). Also, male and female players showed higher levels of grip strength when they used the dominant hand, although these differences were more remarkable in the male players.
Electroencephalography in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Review

Electroencephalography (EEG) has an important role in the diagnosis and classification of epilepsy. It can provide information for predicting the response to antiseizure drugs and to identify the surgically remediable epilepsies. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) seizures could originate in the medial or lateral neocortical temporal region, and many of these patients are refractory to medical treatment. However, majority of patients have had excellent results after surgery and this often relies on the EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data in presurgical evaluation. If the scalp EEG data is insufficient or discordant, invasive EEG recording with placement of intracranial electrodes could identify the seizure focus prior to surgery. This paper highlights the general information regarding the use of EEG in epilepsy, EEG patterns resembling epileptiform discharges, and the interictal, ictal and postictal findings in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy using scalp and intracranial recordings prior to surgery. The utility of the automated seizure detection and computerized mathematical models for increasing yield of non-invasive localization is discussed. This paper also describes the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of EEG for seizure recurrence after withdrawal of medications following seizure freedom with medical and surgical therapy.
Radio source stacking and the infrared/radio correlation at μJy flux densities

We investigate the infrared/radio correlation using the technique of source stacking, in order to probe the average properties of radio sources that are too faint to be detected individually. We compare the two methods used in the literature to stack sources and demonstrate that the creation of stacked images leads to a loss of information. We stack infrared sources in the Spitzer Extragalactic First Look Survey (xFLS) field, and the three northern Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic survey (SWIRE) fields, using radio surveys created at 610 MHz and 1.4 GHz, and find a variation in the absolute strength of the correlation between the xFLS and SWIRE regions, but no evidence for significant evolution in the correlation over the 24-μm flux density range 150 μJy to 2 mJy. We carry out the first radio source stacking experiment using 70-μm-selected galaxies, and find no evidence for significant evolution over the 70-μm flux density range 10-100 mJy.