Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic stress disorders, depression, and anxiety in unaccompanied refugee minors exposed to war-related trauma: a systematic review

ABSTRACT This systematic review gathers data from the existing literature on the prevalence and course of psychiatric disorders among unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs). The databases PsychINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched and reference lists of papers were also manually examined to identify relevant articles. Peer-reviewed journal articles included focused on the mental health of URMs, who were forced to leave their place of residence because of threats of wars. A narrative synthesis was done to analyse the data presented in the studies. Results from the fifteen studies included in the review highlighted the high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among URMs. The association between internalizing disorders and exposure to trauma, and time since displacement were examined. Separation from family members, death of parents and close relatives, level of exposure to armed conflicts, and threats to a person were the most frequent stressful life events (SLE) among URMs before migration. Although the number of research done on this vulnerable population is increasing overtime, the review highlights the need for further examination of refugee mental health and the factors affecting symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety.
Validity evidence of the Zulliger-CS in older adults with Parkinson’s disease

The ethical principles of psychological assessment include the need to use reliable tests to meet the demands of the emerging population. Therefore, the present study sought to provide evidence of validity of the Zulliger Comprehensive System (Zulliger Test in the Comprehensive System) considering the constructs: self-perception and interpersonal relationships. A total of 61 older adults of both sexes participated in the study; 30 had Parkinson’s disease (clinical group) and 31 were healthy (non-clinical group). The clinical group showed an increase in the following variables: Human detail (p = 0.02, d = 0.50); Morbid responses (p = 0.025, d = 0.62); Vista responses (p = 0.016, d = 0.72), Food Responses (p = 0.021, d = 0.61) and Decrease in human detail fictional (p = 0.012, d = -0.65) and in Personalized Responses (p = 0.003, d = -0.48). There was a positive relationship between the Zulliger Test in the Comprehensive System variables and age, income, and disease severity and a negative relationship between the Zulliger Test in the Comprehensive System variables and time since diagnosis. The results obtained confirm the validity of the Zulliger Test in the Comprehensive System and encourage further studies. Palabras clave: Chronic disease; Old age; Projective techniques; Psychological assessment.
Lack of Disease Specificity Limits the Usefulness of In Vitro Costimulation in HIV- and HCV-Infected Patients

Measurements of antigen-specific T cell responses in chronic diseases are limited by low frequencies of antigen-specific cells in the peripheral blood. Therefore, attempts have been made to add costimulatory molecules such as anti-CD28 or IL-7/IL-15 to ELISPOT assays to increase sensitivity. While this approach has been successful under certain circumstances, results are often inconsistent. To date, there are no comprehensive studies directly comparing the in vitro effects of multiple costimulatory molecules in different disease settings. Therefore, in the present study we tested the effects of IL-7/IL-15, IFN-α, anti-ICOS, and anti-CD28 on antigen-specific T cell responses in patients infected with HCV or HIV versus healthy individuals. Our data show that none of the aforementioned molecules could significantly increase ELISPOT sensitivity, neither in HCV nor in HIV. Moreover, all of them caused false-positive responses to HCV and HIV antigens in healthy individuals. Our results question the broad use of in vitro costimulation.
Exposure of glia to pro‐oxidant agents revealed selective Stat1 activation by H2O2 and Jak2‐independent antioxidant features of the Jak2 inhibitor AG490

The JAK/STAT pathway is activated in response to cytokines and growth factors. In addition, oxidative stress can activate this pathway, but the causative pro‐oxidant forms are not well identified. We exposed cultures of rat glia to H2O2, FeSO4, nitroprussiate, or paraquat. We assessed oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidated proteins, we determined phosphorylated Stat1 (pStat1), and we evaluated the effect of antioxidants (trolox, propyl gallate, and N‐acetylcysteine) and of Jak2 (Janus tyrosine kinases) inhibitors (AG490 and Jak2‐Inhibitor‐II). Pro‐oxidant agents induced ROS and protein oxidation, excluding nitroprussiate that induced protein nitrosylation. H2O2, and to a lesser extent FeSO4, increased the level of pStat1, whereas nitroprussiate and paraquat did not. Trolox and propyl gallate strongly prevented ROS formation but they did not abolish H2O2‐induced pStat1. In contrast, NAC did not reduce the level of ROS but it prevented the increase of pStat1 induced by H2O2, evidencing a differential effect on ROS formation and on Stat1 phosphorylation. H2O2 induced pStat1 in mixed glia cultures and, to a lesser extent, in purified astroglia, but not in microglia. Jak2 inhibitors reduced H2O2‐induced pStat1, suggesting the involvement of this kinase in the increased phosphorylation of Stat1 by peroxide. Unexpectedly, AG490, but not Jak2‐Inhibitor‐II, reduced ROS formation, and it abrogated lipid peroxidation in microsomal preparations. Furthermore, AG490 reduced ROS in glial cells that were transfected with siRNA to silence Jak2 expression. These findings reveal previously unrecognized Jak2‐independent antioxidant properties of AG490, and show that Jak2‐dependent Stat1 activation by peroxide is dissociated from ROS generation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attentional Filtering in Young and Older Adulthood

To date, research on cognitive aging has treated attention as a unitary resource that operates according to a single mechanism of top-down selection. However, contemporary theoretical models of attention propose that it is a distributed resource, embedded in distinct cortical subsystems, and operates in a manner that reflects the properties of those subsystems. For instance, perceptual attention is thought to originate in posterior sensory subsystems and filter competing unattended input prior to encoding, resulting in early selection of attended information. Executive attention, by contrast, is thought to originate in frontal control subsystems and filter unattended input after encoding, resulting in late selection of attended information. Guided by a distributed resource model, the work described here focuses on how healthy advanced aging influences early selection mechanisms embedded in posterior subsystems, perceptual encoding, and the relationship with frontal subsystems mediating late selection. To examine perceptual attention in isolation, object discrimination tasks were devised in which perceptual competition between repeated objects was manipulated while holding demand on executive control constant. Cortical mechanisms of early selection were probed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) indices of neural response and adaptation. Evidence of an age-related impairment in early selection was detected across two fMRI experiments. Unlike young adults, unattended objects not only interfered with perceptual encoding in older adults, but were co-encoded along with the contents of attended input. Age impairments in early selection were also associated with greater reliance on frontally-mediated late selection resources, and, reduced functional connectivity with basal forebrain nuclei. In sum, the results indicate that with increasing age, frontal control subsystems become increasingly encumbered with compensatory redistribution of function from the perceptual cortices, possibly due to loss of central cholinergic integrity. Many well-described age-related deficits of executive attention may therefore represent a consequence of impaired early selection, rather than its cause. %%%%PhD
Reflecting on Video: Exploring the Efficacy of Video for Teaching Device Literacy in Rural Kenya

Substantial interest is focused on using video to disseminate agricultural information to rural farmers in the developing world. This paper explores the effectiveness of using this approach to improve rural farmers' device literacy---that is, their ability to use mobile phones for purposes other than making and receiving voice calls. Findings from our pilot evaluation, conducted with women farmers in rural western Kenya, suggest that videos combined with facilitators can be useful for improving women's confidence in sending text messages, using 'm-agriculture' applications, unsubscribing from services that deduct their mobile phone airtime, and, in general, increasing their awareness of the mobile Internet and its related services (i.e., Facebook and Google). More significantly, our findings also reveal underexplored issues that hinder women's mobile phone use: in particular, their concerns about losing money to Safaricom (Kenya's dominant mobile network provider), and the challenges that result from a wide variety of mobile phone screen interfaces. These findings encourage ICTD researchers and practitioners to pay greater attention to corporate power structures affecting mobile phone use, to recognize that rural farmers' information needs encompass more than just agricultural material, and to raise questions about scalability of instructional video.
Evaluation of Clinical Facilities in term of Clinical Learning Environment, Supervisory Relationship,and Roles of Clinical Instructor

The Master's Thesis Advisory Committee, as representatives of the faculty, certifies that this thesis has met all standards of excellence and scholarship as determined by the faculty. In presenting this thesis as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the advanced degree from Georgia State University, I agree that the library of Georgia State University shall make it available for inspection and circulation in accordance with its regulations governing materials of this type. I agree that permission to quote, to copy from, or to publish this thesis may be granted by the professor under whose direction it was written, by the Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing & Health Professions director of graduate studies and research, or by me. Such quoting, copying, or publishing must be solely for scholarly purposes and will not involve potential financial gain. It is understood that any copying from or publication of this thesis, which involves potential financial gain, will not be allowed without my written permission. Author Saeed Alghamdi iii NOTICE TO BORROWERS All these deposited in the Georgia State University Library must be used in accordance with stipulations prescribed by the author in the preceding statement. DEDICATION Above all else, I think God (Allah) for everything presented to me for the duration of my life and during the completion of this accomplishment. Second, I dedicate this thesis to the beautiful two individuals I have ever known in this life, my mother and father. Without their affection, backing and love, I would not make it this far. It is truly elusive a word to depict how I am satisfied to have them in my life, and to praise this achievement with me. Third, I might want to thank my family to cover my back and dealing with my beautiful parents during their wellbeing and illness while I am being in the United States. Wonderful thanks to my sweetheart, Nuha Saeed, for her encouragement and love over the span of this work. It is a great achievement in our lives, yet it will never be the last. I also thank my beautiful advisor Dr. Ari for her patience, encouragement, cooperation, and support. Without her advisement and help, I would not make it this far. Thank you for everything. At last, I would like thank my companions in the US and in KSA for their supports and prayers. v ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my profound …
Does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improve outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure? A systematic review

Context:The results of studies on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure unrelated to cardiogenic pulmonary edema have been inconsistent. Objective:To assess the effect of NPPV on the rate of endotracheal intubation, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and mortality for patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure not due to cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Data Source:We searched the databases of MEDLINE (1980 to October 2003) and EMBASE (1990 to October 2003). Additional data sources included the Cochrane Library, personal files, abstract proceedings, reference lists of selected articles, and expert contact. Study Selection:We included studies if a) the design was a randomized controlled trial; b) patients had acute hypoxemic respiratory failure not due to cardiogenic pulmonary edema; c) the interventions compared noninvasive ventilation and standard therapy with standard therapy alone; and d) outcomes included need for endotracheal intubation, length of intensive care unit or hospital stay, or intensive care unit or hospital survival. Data Extraction:In duplicate and independently, we abstracted data to evaluate methodological quality and results. Data Synthesis:The addition of NPPV to standard care in the setting of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure reduced the rate of endotracheal intubation (absolute risk reduction 23%, 95% confidence interval 10–35%), ICU length of stay (absolute reduction 2 days, 95% confidence interval 1–3 days), and ICU mortality (absolute risk reduction 17%, 95% confidence interval 8–26%). However, trial results were significantly heterogeneous. Conclusion:Randomized trials suggest that patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure are less likely to require endotracheal intubation when NPPV is added to standard therapy. However, the effect on mortality is less clear, and the heterogeneity found among studies suggests that effectiveness varies among different populations. As a result, the literature does not support the routine use of NPPV in all patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Paleomycology of the Princeton Chert II. Dark-septate fungi in the aquatic angiosperm Eorhiza arnoldii indicate a diverse assemblage of root-colonizing fungi during the Eocene

Tissues of the extinct aquatic or emergent angiosperm, Eorhiza arnoldii incertae sedis, were extensively colonized by microfungi, and in this study we report the presence of several types of sterile mycelia. In addition to inter- and intracellular proliferation of regular septate hyphae, the tissues contain monilioid hyphae with intercalary branching. These filamentous mycelia are spatially associated with two distinct morphotypes of intracellular microsclerotia. These quiescent structures are morphologically similar to loose and cerebriform microsclerotia found within the living tissues of some plants, which have been attributed to an informal assemblage of dematiaceous ascomycetes, the dark-septate endophytes. While there are significant challenges to interpreting the ecology of fossilized fungi, these specimens provide evidence for asymptomatic endophytic colonization of the rooting structures of a 48.7 million year old aquatic angiosperm.
Detection of Polarimetric Variations Associated with the Shortest Time-Scale Variability in S5 0716+714

We present the result of near-infrared and optical observations of the BL Lac object S5 0716$ + $714 carried out by the KANATA telescope. S5 0716$ + $714 has both a long term high-amplitude variability and a short-term variability within a night. The shortest variability (microvariability) time-scale is important for understanding the geometry of jets and magnetic field, because it provides a possible minimum size of variation sources. Here, we report the detection of 15-min variability in S5 0716$ + $714, which is one of the shortest time-scales in optical and near-infrared variations observed in blazars. The detected microvariation had an amplitude of $0.061{\pm}0.005$ mag in $V$ band and a blue color of $\Delta(V-J)=-0.025{\pm}0.011$. Furthermore, we successfully detected an unprecedented, short time-scale polarimetric variation which correlated with the brightness change. We revealed that the microvariation had a specific polarization component. The polarization degree of the variation component was higher than that of the total flux. These results suggest that the microvariability originated from a small and local region where the magnetic field is aligned.
The Role of High Parental Expectations in Adolescents’ Academic Performance and Depression in Hong Kong

Extensive research has demonstrated the positive relationship between parental expectations and adolescents’ academic performance. However, little attention has been paid to the negative influence of parental expectations on adolescents’ emotion well-being. The present study investigated the effects of high parental expectations on both academic performance and depression of adolescents. In addition, it also explored whether these relationships could be mediated through adolescents’ value of academic success, self-efficacy, and supports from parents and school. The sample consisted of 872 adolescents from secondary schools in Hong Kong and the results revealed that high parental expectations were positively associated with adolescents’ academic performance and also positively associated with their depression. The mediating roles of adolescents’ value of academic success and school support frequency were also confirmed. This study provides some implications for parenting practice by clarifying the complex roles of parental expectations and the need for social support for adolescents.
Ansiedade e sua relação com a qualidade de vida em idosos: revisão narrativa

Objetivo: identificar a relacao entre ansiedade e qualidade de vida dos idosos. Metodo: foi realizada uma revisao narrativa, de artigos publicados entre 2012 a 2016, em periodicos nacionais e internacionais indexados nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs e Medline. Os descritores utilizados foram: ansiedade, qualidade de vida e idosos no idioma portugues, espanhol e ingles. Buscaram-se artigos que estavam disponiveis na integra e que apresentavam as palavras chaves qualidade de vida, ansiedade e idoso. Resultados: a ansiedade e definida como um sentimento desagradavel, difuso e vago; pode afetar os idosos na sua percepcao de qualidade de vida. Estudos demonstram que ha uma relacao inversamente proporcional entre a qualidade de vida, com os niveis de ansiedade, ou seja, ha um impacto negativo dos transtornos de ansiedade sobre a qualidade de vida. Consideracoes finais: as manifestacoes psicologicas inadequadas em termos de intensidade, frequencia ou duracao, como a ansiedade, podem trazer desconfortos no bem-estar e consequentemente interferir na qualidade de vida, primordialmente pela restricao de sua vida social.
Environmental Factors Modulating Antibiotic and Siderophore Biosynthesis by Pseudomonas fluorescensBiocontrol Strains

ABSTRACT Understanding the environmental factors that regulate the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds by disease-suppressive strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens is an essential step toward improving the level and reliability of their biocontrol activity. We used liquid culture assays to identify several minerals and carbon sources which had a differential influence on the production of the antibiotics 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (PHL), pyoluteorin (PLT), and pyrrolnitrin and the siderophores salicylic acid and pyochelin by the model strain CHA0, which was isolated from a natural disease-suppressive soil in Switzerland. Production of PHL was stimulated by Zn2+, NH4Mo2+, and glucose; the precursor compound mono-acetylphloroglucinol was stimulated by the same factors as PHL. Production of PLT was stimulated by Zn2+, Co2+, and glycerol but was repressed by glucose. Pyrrolnitrin production was increased by fructose, mannitol, and a mixture of Zn2+ and NH4Mo2+. Pyochelin production was increased by Co2+, fructose, mannitol, and glucose. Interestingly, production of its precursor salicylic acid was increased by different factors, i.e., NH4Mo2+, glycerol, and glucose. The mixture of Zn2+ and NH4Mo2+with fructose, mannitol, or glycerol further enhanced the production of PHL and PLT compared with either the minerals or the carbon sources used alone, but it did not improve siderophore production. Extending fermentation time from 2 to 5 days increased the accumulation of PLT, pyrrolnitrin, and pyochelin but not of PHL. When findings with CHA0 were extended to an ecologically and genetically diverse collection of 41 P. fluorescens biocontrol strains, the effect of certain factors was strain dependent, while others had a general effect. Stimulation of PHL by Zn2+ and glucose was strain dependent, whereas PLT production by all strains that can produce this compound was stimulated by Zn2+ and transiently repressed by glucose. Inorganic phosphate reduced PHL production by CHA0 and seven other strains tested but to various degrees. Production of PLT but not pyrrolnitrin by CHA0 was also reduced by 100 mM phosphate. The use of 1/10-strength nutrient broth-yeast extract, compared with standard nutrient broth-yeast extract, amended with glucose and/or glycerol resulted in dramatically increased accumulations of PHL (but not PLT), pyochelin, and salicylic acid, indicating that the ratio of carbon source to nutrient concentration played a key role in the metabolic flow. The results of this study (i) provide insight into the biosynthetic regulation of antimicrobial compounds, (ii) limit the number of factors for intensive study in situ, and (iii) indicate factors that can be manipulated to improve bacterial inoculants.
Energy balancing algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks

The energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN, need to be balanced in order to avoid early depletion of nodes. In this paper we use a common context to analyze a broad range of the energy balancing algorithms suggested in literature. In addition we suggest three new algorithms to complete the range. Altogether, nine different balancing techniques are analyzed. We focuses on networks running the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) routing protocol. Our simple change in RPL's parent selection procedure can give a significant balancing effect without any increase in management cost. However, the best balancing algorithm is when the nodes exchange residual-energy information to ensure forwarding through the highest residual-energy next-hop node. The increased information exchange implies increased management cost due to the amount of information transmitted and added computational load.
Dynamic Synchronous/Asynchronous Replication

Online, remote, data replication is critical for today’s enterprise IT organization. Availability of data is key to the success of the organization. A few hours of downtime can cost from thousands to millions of dollars With increasing frequency, companies are instituting disaster recovery plans to ensure appropriate data availability in the event of a catastrophic failure or disaster that destroys a site (e.g. flood, fire, or earthquake). Synchronous and asynchronous replication technologies have been available for a long period of time. Synchronous replication has the advantage of no data loss, but due to latency, synchronous replication is limited by distance and bandwidth. Asynchronous replication on the other hand has no distance limitation, but leads to some data loss which is proportional to the data lag. We present a novel method, implemented within EMC Recover-Point, which allows the system to dynamically move between these replication options without any disruption to the I/O path. As latency grows, the system will move from synchronous replication to semi-synchronous replication and then to snapshot shipping. It returns to synchronous replication as more bandwidth is available and latency allows.