Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Optimization of Inter-Tier Interference Coordination in Downlink Multi-Antenna HetNets With Offloading

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with offloading is considered as an effective way to meet the high data rate demand of future wireless service. However, offloaded users suffer from strong inter-tier interference, which reduces the benefits of offloading and is one of the main limiting factors of system performance. In this paper, we investigate an interference nulling (IN) scheme in improving system performance by carefully managing the inter-tier interference to the offloaded users in downlink two-tier HetNets with multi-antenna base stations. Utilizing tools from stochastic geometry, we first derive a tractable expression for the rate coverage probability of the IN scheme. Then, by studying its order, we obtain the optimal design parameter, i.e., the degree of freedom that can be used for IN, to maximize the rate coverage probability. Finally, we analyze the rate coverage probabilities of the simple offloading scheme without interference management and the multi-antenna version of the almost blank subframes (ABS) scheme in 3GPP LTE, and compare the performance of the IN scheme with these two schemes. Both analytical and numerical results show that the IN scheme can achieve good performance gains over both of these two schemes, especially in the large antenna regime.
Ornithine supplementation and insulin release in bodybuilders.

Ornithine supplementation has gained popularity with athletes because of its alleged potential to release anabolic hormones, factors governing skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Three female and nine male bodybuilders served as subjects in a study to test the effectiveness of oral ornithine in bringing about the release of insulin, an anabolic hormone. After an overnight fast, subjects were administered 40, 100, or 170 mg.kg-1 L-ornithine.HCl by mouth in a random fashion on three consecutive Saturday mornings. Blood samples were drawn at baseline (T = 0), 45, and 90 min afterward. Serum ornithine levels were elevated (p < 0.01) at T = 45 and 90 min for all three dosage levels. However, serum insulin did not change from baseline levels at any dose of ornithine. The present findings show that ornithine is not an insulin secretagogue.
Duration of breastfeeding and breastfeeding problems in relation to length of postpartum stay: a longitudinal cohort study of a national Swedish sample

Aim: To investigate the association between length of postpartum stay and duration of breastfeeding and breastfeeding problems, with special focus on early hospital discharge. Methods: Swedish‐speaking women were recruited from all antenatal clinics in Sweden during 3 wk evenly spread over 1 y in 1999 to 2000. In total, 3293 women (71% of those who were eligible) consented to participate in the study. Data were collected by questionnaires in early pregnancy, 2 mo and 1 y postpartum, and from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. For the purpose of this study, only data from the 2709 women (82%) who filled in the question about length of stay in the 2‐mo questionnaire were analysed. Women were divided into six groups according to length of postpartum stay (day 1: < 24h to day 6: ± 120h). Results: The median duration of any breastfeeding was 7 mo in women discharged on day 1, and 8 mo in women discharged on any of the following days; a non‐significant difference (p= 0.66). Besides hospital policies regarding length of stay (residential area) and number of domiciliary visits, early discharge was associated with the following maternal characteristics, which could be divided into three categories: (1) older, multipara, many children; (2) positive experience of the first breastfeeding after birth; (3) low education, economic problems, smoking, lack of support from partner. Late discharge was associated with operative delivery, preterm birth and low infant birthweight. When these factors were controlled for by Cox regression analysis, no statistical differences were found between the six groups in the relative risk of discontinuing to breastfeed. Breastfeeding problems, such as engorgement and mastitis, did not differ, but women discharged on day 6 or later had fewer problems with sore or cracked nipples during the first week and more problems 4–8 wk postpartum.
Bayesian Analysis of DSGE Models

This paper reviews Bayesian methods that have been developed in recent years to estimate and evaluate dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models. We consider the estimation of linearized DSGE models, the evaluation of models based on Bayesian model checking, posterior odds comparisons, and comparisons to vector autoregressions, as well as the non-linear estimation based on a second-order accurate model solution. These methods are applied to data generated from correctly specified and misspecified linearized DSGE models and a DSGE model that was solved with a second-order perturbation method.
Diaphragmatic hernia and limb abnormalities syndrome (Froster syndrome).

The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and Divisions of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Correspondence to Dr David Chitayat, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, The Ontario Power Generation Building, 700 University Avenue, Room 3292, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada Tel: + 1 416 586 4523; fax: + 1 416 586 4723; e-mail: dchitayat@mtsinai.on. ca
Compassionate reappraisal and emotion suppression as alternatives to offense-focused rumination: Implications for forgiveness and psychophysiological well-being

This within subjects experiment (28 females, 26 males) examined three responses to a past interpersonal offender. We contrasted offense-focused rumination with two subsequent, counterbalanced coping strategies: compassionate reappraisal and emotion suppression. Compassionate reappraisal emphasized the offender's human qualities and need for positive change. Emotion suppression inhibited the experience and expression of negative offense-related emotions. Offense rumination was associated with negative emotion, faster heartbeats (i.e., shortened electrocardiogram R-R intervals), and lower heart rate variability (HRV; i.e., the high-frequency component of the R-R power spectrum). By contrast, both compassionate reappraisal and emotion suppression decreased negative emotion in ratings and linguistic analyses, calmed eye muscle tension (orbicularis oculi EMG, electromyography), and maintained HRV at baseline levels. Suppression inhibited negative emotion expression at the brow (corrugator EMG) and slowed cardiac R-R intervals, but without forgiveness effects. Only compassionate reappraisal significantly increased positive emotions, smiling (zygomatic EMG), and social language along with forgiveness.
Comparative efficacy of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis

A meta-analysis was conducted on 61 treatment outcome trials for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conditions included drug therapies (TCAs, carbamazepine, MAOIs, SSRIs, and BDZs), psychological therapies (behaviour therapy, Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), relaxation training, hypnotherapy, and dynamic therapy), and control conditions (pill placebo, wait-list controls, supportive psychotherapies, and non-saccade EMDR control). Psychological therapies had significantly lower drop-out rates than pharmacotherapies (14% versus 32%), with attrition being uniformly low across all psychological therapies. In terms of symptom reduction, psychological therapies were more effective than drug therapies, and both were more effective than controls. Among the drug therapies, the SSRIs and carbamazepine had the greatest effect sizes, although the latter was based upon a single trial. Among the psychological therapies, behaviour therapy and EMDR were most effective, and generally equally so. The most effective psychological therapies and drug therapies were generally equally effective. Differences across treatment conditions were generally evident across symptom domains, with little matching of symptom domain to treatment type. However, SSRIs had some advantage over psychological therapies in treating depression. Follow-up results were not available for most treatments, but available data indicates that treatment effects for behaviour therapy and EMDR are maintained at 15-week follow-up. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saliency-Aware Video Compression

In region-of-interest (ROI)-based video coding, ROI parts of the frame are encoded with higher quality than non-ROI parts. At low bit rates, such encoding may produce attention-grabbing coding artifacts, which may draw viewer's attention away from ROI, thereby degrading visual quality. In this paper, we present a saliency-aware video compression method for ROI-based video coding. The proposed method aims at reducing salient coding artifacts in non-ROI parts of the frame in order to keep user's attention on ROI. Further, the method allows saliency to increase in high quality parts of the frame, and allows saliency to reduce in non-ROI parts. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is able to improve visual quality of encoded video relative to conventional rate distortion optimized video coding, as well as two state-of-the art perceptual video coding methods.
Dopaminergic Network Differences in Human Impulsivity

Highly impulsive individuals have diminished regulatory control of dopamine release. Dopamine (DA) has long been implicated in impulsivity, but the precise mechanisms linking human variability in DA signaling to differences in impulsive traits remain largely unknown. By using a dual-scan positron emission tomography approach in healthy human volunteers with amphetamine and the D2/D3 ligand [18F]fallypride, we found that higher levels of trait impulsivity were predicted by diminished midbrain D2/D3 autoreceptor binding and greater amphetamine-induced DA release in the striatum, which was in turn associated with stimulant craving. Path analysis confirmed that the impact of decreased midbrain D2/D3 autoreceptor availability on trait impulsivity is mediated in part through its effect on stimulated striatal DA release.
Surveillance for Coronaviruses in Bats , Lebanon and Egypt , 2013 – 2015

References 1. Ma C, An Z, Hao L, Cairns KL, Zhang Y, Ma J, et al. Progress toward measles elimination in the People’s Republic of China, 2000–2009. J Infect Dis. 2011;204(Suppl 1):S447–54. http://dx.doi. org/10.1093/infdis/jir103 2. Ma C, Su QR, Hao LX, Wen N, Fan CX, Cao L, et al. Measles epidemiology characteristics and progress toward measles elimination in China, 2012–2013. Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization. 2014;20:193–209. 3. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China [cited 2015 Jul 30]. http://www.nhfpc. gov.cn/jkj/ s3578/201502/847c041a3bac4c3e84 4f17309be0cabd.shtml 4. Ma C, He LX, Su QR, Ma J, Zhang Y, Cao L, et al. Measles epidemiology and progress toward measles elimination in China, 2011. Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization. 2012;18:193–9. 5. Ma C, Li F, Zheng X, Zhang H, Duan M, Yang Y, et al. Measles vaccine cover-age estimates in an outbreak three years after the nation-wide campaign in China: implications for measles elimination, 2013. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:23. http://dx.doi. org/ 10.1186/s12879-015-0752-z 6. World Health Organization. Global measles and rubella strategic plan 2012–2020 [cited 2015 Jul 22]. http://www.who. int/ immunization/newsroom/Measles_Rubella_StrategicPlan_ 2012_2020. pdf 7. World Health Organization. Global vaccine action plan 2011–2020 [cited 2015 Sept 9]. http://www.who. int/immunization/global_ vaccine_action_plan/GVAP_doc_2011_2020/en/ 8. McCarthy M. Measles outbreak linked to Disney theme parks reaches five states and Mexico. BMJ. 2015;350:h436. http://dx.doi. org/10.1136/bmj.h436 9. Najjar Z, Hope K, Clark P, Nguyen O, Rosewell A, Conaty S. Sustained outbreak of measles in New South Wales, 2012: risks for measles elimination in Australia. Western Pac Surveill Response J. 2014;5:14–20. http://dx.doi. org/10.5365/ wpsar.2013. 4.4. 001 10. Hagmann SHF, Christenson JC. Measles and the risk posed by international travelers at the time of elimination or postelimination. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2015;13:1–2. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.tmaid. 2014.12. 017
TGF b /TNF a -Mediated Epithelial – Mesenchymal Transition Generates Breast Cancer Stem Cells with a Claudin-Low Phenotype

, Abstract Breast cancer recurrence is believed to be caused by a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess the stem cell attribute of treatment resistance. Recently, we and others have reported the generation of breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) by epithelial – mesenchymal transition (EMT), although the physiologic process by which these cells may arise in vivo remains unclear. We show here that exposure of tumor cells to TGF b and TNF a induces EMT and, more importantly, generates cells with a stable BCSC phenotype which is shown by increased self-renewing capacity, greatly increased tumorigenicity, and increased resistance to oxaliplatin, etoposide, and paclitaxel. Furthermore, gene expression analyses found that the TGF b /TNF a -derived BCSCs showed downregulated expression of genes encoding claudin 3, 4, and 7 and the luminal marker, cytokeratin 18. These changes indicate a shift to the claudin-low molecular subtype, a recently identified breast cancer subtype characterized by the expression of mesenchymal and stem cell-associated markers and correlated with a poor prognosis. Taken together, the data show that cytokine exposure can be used to generate stable BCSCs ex vivo , and suggest that these cells may provide a valuable tool in the identification of stem cell-directed biomarkers and therapies in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 71(13); 4707 – 19. (cid:2) 2011 AACR.
Locus- and Site-Specific DNA Methylation of 19 kDa Zein Genes in Maize

An interesting question in maize development is why only a single zein gene is highly expressed in each of the 19-kDa zein gene clusters (A and B types), z1A2-1 and z1B4, in the immature endosperm. For instance, epigenetic marks could provide a structural difference. Therefore, we investigated the DNA methylation of the arrays of gene copies in both promoter and gene body regions of leaf (non-expressing tissue as a control), normal endosperm, and cultured endosperm. Although we could show that expressed genes have much lower methylation levels in promoter regions than silent ones in both leaf and normal endosperm, there was surprisingly also a difference in the pattern of the z1A and z1B gene clusters. The expression of z1B gene is suppressed by increased DNA methylation and activated with reduced DNA methylation, whereas z1A gene expression is not. DNA methylation in gene coding regions is higher in leaf than in endosperm, whereas no significant difference is observed in gene bodies between expressed and non-expressed gene copies. A median CHG methylation (25–30%) appears to be optimal for gene expression. Moreover, tissue-cultured endosperm can reset the DNA methylation pattern and tissue-specific gene expression. These results reveal that DNA methylation changes of the 19-kDa zein genes is subject to plant development and tissue culture treatment, but varies in different chromosomal locations, indicating that DNA methylation changes do not apply to gene expression in a uniform fashion. Because tissue culture is used to produce transgenic plants, these studies provide new insights into variation of gene expression of integrated sequences.
Mentoring Processes in School‐based Training

Abstract Previous research on mentoring in school‐based training has indicated that although this is a very influential role it is often poorly conceived and prepared for. Dialogues appear to be characterised by a lack of challenge and reflection, knowledge bases for teaching are treated in very different ways, and roles, responsibilities and expectations are often unclear. The main aim of this study therefore was to gain a greater understanding of mentoring processes in pre‐service training, through analyses of the perspectives of, and dialogues between, student‐teachers and all those involved in their mentoring in one institution and its partner schools. Analyses of data focused on differences in the nature and content of discussions and conferences of student‐teachers with class teachers, co‐tutors and university supervisors. These analyses revealed large differences consistent with the mentoring model used, but provided little support for previous empirical claims.
Effect of CO2 Insufflation on the Number and Behavior of Air Microemboli in Open-Heart Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background—The risks that the presence of air microemboli implies in open-heart surgery have recently been emphasized by reports that their number is correlated with the degree of postoperative neuropsychological disorder. Therefore, we studied the effect of CO2 insufflation into the cardiothoracic wound on the incidence and behavior of microemboli in the heart and ascending aorta. Methods and Results—Twenty patients undergoing single-valve surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups. Ten patients were insufflated with CO2 via a gas diffuser, and 10 were not. Microemboli were ascertained by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and recorded on videotape from the moment that the aortic cross-clamp was released until 20 minutes after end of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The surgeon performed standard de-airing maneuvers without being aware of TEE findings. Postoperatively, a blinded assessor determined the maximal number of gas emboli during each consecutive minute in the left atrium, left ventricle, and ascending aorta. The 2 groups did not differ in the usual clinical parameters. The median number of microemboli registered during the whole study period was 161 in the CO2 group versus 723 in the control group (P <0.001). Corresponding numbers for the left atrium were 69 versus 340 (P <0.001), left ventricle 68 versus 254 (P <0.001), and ascending aorta 56 versus 185 (P <0.001). In the CO2 group, the median number of detectable microemboli after CPB fell to zero 7 minutes after CPB versus 19 minutes in the control group (P <0.001). Conclusions—Insufflation of CO2 into the thoracic wound markedly decreases the incidence of microemboli.
Gifted Girls and Nonmathematical Aspirations

In this longitudinal study of two gifted Korean girls, experiences with early admittance into a gifted program are charted alongside their family and societal experiences that ultimately influenced their career choices in nonmathematical fields. The 8-year-long qualitative study involved extensive interviews with the two gifted girls and their parents to determine factors that led to their choice of a nonmathematical area of specialization in spite of early identification and support of their mathematical talent. Using tenets of qualitative inquiry to code the longitudinal data, the authors identified three main factors that contributed to these career choices, which are presented in the form of narratives. One of the startling findings of this study, contrary to the literature in gifted education research, is that the two girls’ early experiences with gifted education kept them from choosing careers related to mathematics. The article also narrates the enculturation of mathematically gifted girls in Korea that leads to nonmathematical career aspirations.
c-Src protein kinase inhibitors block assembly and maturation of dengue virus

Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that represents an important emerging infectious disease and is an international health concern. Currently, there is no vaccine or effective antiviral therapy to prevent or to treat dengue virus infection. The slow progress in developing antiviral agents might be alleviated by the availability of efficient high-throughput anti-dengue virus screening assays. In this study, we report an immunofluorescence image-based assay suitable for identification of small molecule inhibitors of dengue virus infection and replication. Using this assay, we have discovered that inhibitors of the c-Src protein kinase exhibit a potent inhibitory effect on dengue virus (serotypes 1–4) and murine flavivirus Modoc. Mechanism of action studies demonstrated that the c-Src protein kinase inhibitor dasatinib prevents the assembly of dengue virions within the virus-induced membranous replication complex. These results demonstrate that this cell-based screen may provide a powerful means to identify new potential targets for anti-dengue drug development while simultaneously providing pharmacological probes to investigate dengue virus–host cell interactions at the biochemical level. Given the simplicity and excellent reproducibility of the assay, it should be useful in high-throughput screens of both small molecule and RNAi libraries when implemented on a robotic image-based high-throughput screen (HTS) platform. Given the reasonable clinical safety of inhibitors such as dasatinib and AZD0530, inhibitors of c-Src protein kinase may have the potential to become a new class of anti-dengue viral therapeutic agents.
Changes in the prevalence of asthma in adults since 1966: the Busselton health study

Asthma prevalence has increased worldwide; although less so in developed countries recently. This study assessed changes in the prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in the Busselton community since 1966. Cross-sectional respiratory health surveys of Busselton adults were conducted in 1966, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1981, 1990 and 2005–2007. Logistic regression models were used to estimate prevalence rates of asthma, respiratory symptoms, smoking, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and atopy and to make comparisons in 2005–2007 and previous survey years. Asthma was defined as ever having doctor-diagnosed asthma (DDA). The prevalence of DDA was around 6% from 1966 to 1975, 8% in 1981 and rose to 19% in 2005–2007. From 1981 to 2005–2007, smoking prevalence declined and obesity and atopy increased but changes in these variables explained only a small part of the increase in DDA. Wheeze and cough/phlegm increased but AHR, breathlessness and doctor-diagnosed bronchitis remained relatively stable over the same period. These observations indicate that the increase in DDA is partly explained by increased symptoms and atopy. The lack of changes in AHR and doctor-diagnosed bronchitis suggests that factors such as diagnostic transfer and increased awareness of asthma have also contributed to the rise in prevalence of DDA.
Profile-based optimal intra-task voltage scheduling for hard real-time applications

This paper presents a set of comprehensive techniques for the intratask vokage scheduling problem to reduce energy consumption in hard real-time tasks of embedded systems. Based on the execution profile of the task, a voltage scheduling technique that optimally determinqs the operating voltages to individual basic blocks in the task is proposed. The obtained voltage schedule guarantees minimum average epergy consumption. The proposed technique is then extended to solve practical issues regarding transition overheads, which are totally or panially ignored in the existing approaches. Finally, a technique involving a novel extension of our optimal scheduler is proposed to solve the scheduling problem in a discretely variable voltage environment. In summary, it is confirmed from experiments that the proposed optimal scheduling technique reduces energy consumption by 202% over that of one of the state-of-the-art schedulers [I 11 and, funher,'the extended technique in a discrete voltage environment reduces energy consumption by 45.3% on average.