Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iκb Kinase α Is Essential for Mature B Cell Development and Function

IκB kinase (IKK) α and β phosphorylate IκB proteins and activate the transcription factor, nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Although both are highly homologous kinases, gene targeting experiments revealed their differential roles in vivo. IKKα is involved in skin and limb morphogenesis, whereas IKKβ is essential for cytokine signaling. To elucidate in vivo roles of IKKα in hematopoietic cells, we have generated bone marrow chimeras by transferring control and IKKα-deficient fetal liver cells. The mature B cell population was decreased in IKKα−/− chimeras. IKKα−/− chimeras also exhibited a decrease of serum immunoglobulin basal level and impaired antigen-specific immune responses. Histologically, they also manifested marked disruption of germinal center formation and splenic microarchitectures that depend on mature B cells. IKKα−/− B cells not only showed impairment of survival and mitogenic responses in vitro, accompanied by decreased, although inducible, NF-κB activity, but also increased turnover rate in vivo. In addition, transgene expression of bcl-2 could only partially rescue impaired B cell development in IKKα−/− chimeras. Taken together, these results demonstrate that IKKα is critically involved in the prevention of cell death and functional development of mature B cells.
Collaborative practice: a grounded theory of connecting in community rehabilitation

Worldwide, healthcare provision is under pressure. Increasing demand for services combined with a shortage of healthcare workers (HCWs) and resources means innovative ways of working are needed. Interprofessional collaborative practice provides one way of managing this need, with research indicating benefits for clients, teamwork, and resource management. Despite this, errors in interprofessional working continue to occur in practice. The consequences of this are not only resource inefficiency, but also adverse client events, with many examples of failures in interprofessional working highlighted in reports from the New Zealand Health and Disability Commission and other international patient safety reports. Therefore, developing understanding of collaborative practice is an important area of research. While previous studies have explored collaborative practice in the areas of hospital care, in-patient rehabilitation, mental health, and palliative care, less is known about collaboration in the community setting. To rectify this knowledge gap, this constructivist grounded theory provides a theoretical explanation of collaborative practice in community settings, which can be used to inform clinical practice, education, and further research. Data was gathered from 39 interviews of HCWs, and from 22 hours of field observations with two rehabilitation teams. This was then analysed using constant comparative analysis. From the analysis a substantive theory of connecting was constructed, its three main theoretical categories being liaising, forming-reforming, and guarding behaviours. Three key findings emerged that contribute new knowledge to the field. Firstly, the central challenge HCWs faced in interprofessional community work was found to be complexity management. This involved managing the interlinked areas of client complexity, relational complexity, and situational complexity. Secondly, connecting was established as an essential process HCWs used in order to enhance collaboration and manage the different aspects of complexity in community work. Thirdly, it was clear in the research that interprofessional work in the community necessarily encompasses interagency work. The latter was poorly coordinated however, producing barriers to collaborative practice that resulted in clients and their families often needing to coordinate their own care across agencies.
Graph coloring conditions for the existence of solutions to the timetable problem

A necessary and sufficient condition is presented for the existence of a solution to the Gotlieb class-teacher timetable problem. Several relationships are established between the class-teacher timetable problem and graphs with preconditions. These preconditions place additional restrictions on the coloration of a graph. The preconditions correspond to the unavailability constraints and preassigned meetings in the class-teacher timetable problem. Using some recent results that convert graphs with preconditions to graphs without them, it is shown that the existence of a coloration of a graph is the required necessary and sufficient condition.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN, KEPERCAYAAN DAN KEPUASAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN TELKOMSPEEDY DENGAN METODE STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING.

Saat ini loyalitas pelanggan merupakan aset yang paling berharga bagi sebuah perusahaan khususnya provider akses internet, hal ini akibat adanya kompetisi yang semakin ketat dan tajam. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menemukan bahwa peningkatan loyalitas pelanggan telah terbukti mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan profitabilitas perusahaan. Dalam penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kualitas layanan, kepercayaan dan kepuasan terhadap loyalitas pada pelanggan broadband access internet. Penelitian menggunakan data primer dengan mengambil sample pelanggan Telkomspeedy (Speedy) di PT. Telkom Area Surabaya. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) karena metode ini mampu menjelaskan keterkaitan variabel secara kompleks serta efek langsung maupun tidak langsung (melalui mediating variables) dari satu atau beberapa variabel terhadap variabel lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas layanan (service quality) mempengaruhi secara signifikan kepuasan pelanggan (customer satisfaction) dan kepercayaan (trust). Kepercayaan dan kepuasan pelanggan secara signifikan mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan (customer loyalty). Kualitas layanan (service quality) disimpulkan tidak mempunyai pengaruh langsung yang signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan tetapi mempunyai pengaruh secara tidak langsung melalui kepuasan pelanggan dan kepercayaan dengan persamaan struktural customer loyalty = 0,431 CS + 0,325 TR + 0,311 SQ.
Nonvestibular Motion Cueing in a Fixed-Base Driving Simulator: Effects on Driver Braking and Cornering Performance

Motion platforms can be used to provide vestibular cues in a driving simulator, and have been shown to reduce driving speed and acceleration. However, motion platforms are expensive devices, and alternatives for providing motion cues need to be investigated. In independent experiments, the following eight low-cost nonvestibular motion cueing systems were tested by comparing driver performance to control groups driving with the cueing system disengaged: (1) seat belt tensioning system, (2) vibrating steering wheel, (3) motion seat, (4) screeching tire sound, (5) beeping sound, (6) road noise, (7) vibrating seat, and (8) pressure seat. The results showed that these systems are beneficial in reducing speed and acceleration and that they improve lane-keeping and/or stopping accuracy. The seat belt tensioning system had a particularly large influence on driver braking performance. This system reduced driving speed, increased stopping distance, reduced maximum deceleration, and increased stopping accuracy. It is concluded that low-cost nonvestibular motion cueing may be a welcome alternative for improving in-simulator performance so that it better matches real-world driving performance.
Microorganisms from canals of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions.

AIM The objective of the present study was to identify the microbial flora within root canals of teeth with failed root-canal treatment and to determine the association of the various species with clinical features. METHODOLOGY Sixty root-filled teeth with persisting periapical lesions were selected for this study. During nonsurgical endodontic re-treatment, the root-filling material was removed and the canals were sampled. Microbial sampling, isolation and species determination were performed using advanced microbiological techniques for anaerobic species. The association of microbiological findings with clinical features was investigated. RESULTS Microorganisms were recovered from 51 teeth. In most cases, one or two strains per canal were found. Of the microbial species isolated, 57.4% were facultative anaerobic species and 83.3% Gram-positive microorganisms. Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently recovered bacterial species. Obligate anaerobes accounted for 42.6% of the species and the most frequently isolated genera was Peptostreptococcus. which was associated with clinical symptoms (P < 0.01). Significant associations were also observed between: (a) pain or history of pain and polymicrobial infections or anaerobes (P < 0.05): (b) tenderness to percussion and Prevotella intermedia/P. nigrescens (P < 0.05); (c) sinus and Streptococcus spp. (P < 0.001) or Actinomyces spp. (P < 0.01); (d) coronally unsealed teeth and Streptococcus spp. or Candida spp. (both with P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The microbial flora in canals after failure of root-canal treatment were limited to a small number of predominantly Gram-positive microbial species. Facultative anaerobes, especially E. faecalis, were the most commonly isolated microorganisms, however, polymicrobial infections and obligate anaerobes were frequently found in canals of symptomatic root-filled teeth.
In two minds: Dual processes and beyond.

- Presents an interdisciplinary exploration of dual-process theories, drawing together work from cognitive and social psychology, as well as philosophy - Written and edited by leading figures from across the cognitive sciences - Encourages a dialogue between psychologists and philosophers about dual process theories that has hitherto been missing - A state-of-the-art review of a hot topic in the cognitive sciences This book explores the idea that we have two minds - automatic, unconscious, and fast, the other controlled, conscious, and slow. In recent years there has been great interest in so-called dual-process theories of reasoning and rationality. According to such theories, there are two distinct systems underlying human reasoning - an evolutionarily old system that is associative, automatic, unconscious, parallel, and fast, and a more recent, distinctively human system that is rule-based, controlled, conscious, serial, and slow. Within the former, processes the former, processes are held to be innate and to use heuristics that evolved to solve specific adaptive problems. In the latter, processes are taken to be learned, flexible, and responsive to rational norms. Despite the attention these theories are attracting, there is still poor communication between dual-process theorists themselves, and the substantial bodies of work on dual processes in cognitive psychology and social psychology remain isolated from each other. This book brings together leading researchers on dual processes to summarize the state-of-the-art, highlight key issues, present different perspectives, explore implications, and provide a stimulus to further work. It includes new ideas about the human mind both by contemporary philosophers interested in broad theoretical questions about mental architecture and by psychologists specialising in traditionally distinct and isolated fields. For all those in the cognitive sciences, this is a book that will advance dual-process theorizing, promote interdisciplinary communication, and encourage further applications of dual-process approaches.
Association of Pathogen Strain-Specific Gene Transcription and Transmission Efficiency Phenotype of Anaplasma marginale

ABSTRACT Efficient transmission of pathogens by an arthropod vector is influenced by the ability of the pathogen to replicate and develop infectiousness within the arthropod host. While the basic life cycle of development within and transmission from the arthropod vector are known for many bacterial and protozoan pathogens, the determinants of transmission efficiency are largely unknown and represent a significant gap in our knowledge. The St. Maries strain of Anaplasma marginale is a high-transmission-efficiency strain that replicates to a high titer in the tick salivary gland and can be transmitted by <10 ticks. In contrast, A. marginale subsp. centrale (Israel vaccine strain) has an identical life cycle but replicates to a significantly lower level in the salivary gland, with transmission requiring >30-fold more ticks. We hypothesized that strain-specific genes expressed in the tick salivary gland at the time of transmission are linked to the differences in the transmission efficiency phenotype. Using both annotation-dependent and -independent analyses of the complete genome sequences, we identified 58 strain-specific genes. These genes most likely represent divergence from common ancestral genes in one or both strains based on analysis of synteny and lack of statistical support for acquisition as islands by lateral gene transfer. Twenty of the St. Maries strain-specific genes and 16 of the strain-specific genes in the Israel strain were transcribed in the tick salivary gland at the time of transmission. Although associated with the transmission phenotype, the expression levels of strain-specific genes were equal to or less than the expression levels in infected erythrocytes in the mammalian host, suggesting that function is not limited to salivary gland colonization.
Clinical correlates and determinants of airway inflammation in pediatric asthma.

BACKGROUND Airway inflammation is a key component in the pathophysiology of asthma. However, neither its role in the clinical features of asthma nor the factors affecting the degree of inflammation have been fully defined. METHODS We determined the fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration (FE(NO)) using a portable device (NIOX-MINO, Aerocrine, Solna, Sweden) in a consecutive sample of 149 asthmatic children aged 6 to 14 years. In order to establish an association with FE(NO), we analyzed symptoms, spirometric parameters before and after a bronchodilator test, and the impact of asthma on quality of life during the previous 4 weeks. We also investigated how clinical variables that regulate inflammation affected FE(NO). RESULTS In patients not treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICs), FE(NO) was higher when specific symptoms (wheeze and cough) had been present during the previous 4 weeks; however, we were unable to establish a relationship with symptom frequency, bronchodilator use, asthma crises, hospital admissions, limitation of daily activities, or spirometry results. In patients treated with ICs, FE(NO) was not related to the clinical expression of asthma, except for a reduced ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity, both before and after bronchodilation. The main determinant of FE level in untreated patients was sensitization to house dust mite. In patients treated with ICs, FE(NO) was only associated with adherence to therapy. CONCLUSION Airway inflammation, as determined by FE(NO), is only weakly associated with the clinical expression of asthma and spirometry results. Adherence to treatment is the main determinant of the degree of inflammation in patients taking ICs.
PREDICTING STUDENT SATISFACTION IN PHYSICS COURSES

The objective of this study was to investigate the predictive power of students’ beliefs (i.e. enjoyment in the physics course and students’ perception of their competence in learning physics ) on student satisfaction towards physics courses. A total of 189 students from the five departments in the Faculty of Education at Dokuz Eylul University were asked to respond to “The Student S atisfaction Scale (α =0.92)” and “Student Information Form”. The participants were all enrolled in introductory physics courses. Data was statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings indicate that student beliefs explain 29% of the total variance on student satisfaction and that student beliefs are positively correlated with student satisfaction. The results also indicate that “enjoyment in the physics course” is a more significant predictor than “ student self- perception of competence in learning physics”. In the paper, r ecommendations based on the findings of the study are highlighted.
Adolescent Sleep Patterns: Nutrition and Circadian Activity Offset in Adolescent Rhesus Monkeys

Data have been presented by several investigators demonstrating a shift toward later bedtimes in teenagers. These data have practical implications for sleep deprivation, daytime sleepiness, school performance, and driving safety. However, it is not entirely clear from the human data to what extent later bedtimes are a consequence of changes in life-style (such as release from parental bedtime regulations, peer socialization activities, and part-time jobs) and to what extent they reflect a biologically driven maturation process. If biological maturation leads to the ability to stay up late or the ability to adhere to earlier bedtimes, then we can hypothesize that developmental trends in circadian activity are tied to other aspects of maturation during adolescence and will be disrupted by interventions that generally interfere with adolescent maturation. Data in this chapter suggest that adolescent trends in later sleep onset occur in nonhuman primates and can be disrupted by zinc deprivation, a nutritional intervention that leads to retardation of adolescent growth, skeletal, and sexual maturation. This is a new piece of information supporting the biological origin of altered bedtimes during adolescence. The background for the study is first presented, followed by data indicating that shift in the offset of daily activity normally occurs in rhesus monkeys during the period of adolescent maturation and that it can be prevented by zinc deprivation.
A new methodology for realistic open defect detection probability evaluation under process variations

CMOS IC scaling has provided significant improvements in electronic circuit performance. Advances in test methodologies to deal with new failure mechanisms and nanometer issues are required. Interconnect opens are an important defect mechanism that requires detailed knowledge of its physical properties. In nanometer process, variability is predominant and considering only nominal value of parameters is not realistic. In this work, a model for computing a realistic coverage of via open defect that takes into account the process variability is proposed. Correlation between parameters of the affected gates is considered. Furthermore, spatial correlation of the parameters for those gates tied to the defective floating node can also influence the detectability of the defect. The proposed methodology is implemented in a software tool to determine the probability of detection of via opens for some ISCAS benchmark circuits. The proposed detection probability evaluation together with a test methodology to generate favorable logic conditions at the coupling lines can allow a better test quality leading to higher product reliability.
Incidence of Newly Detected Atrial Arrhythmias via Implantable Devices in Patients With a History of Thromboembolic Events

Background and Purpose— Evidence of atrial tachycardia/atrial fibrillation (AT/AF) is often sought in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. We studied patients with previous thromboembolic events (TE) who were implanted with devices capable of continuous arrhythmia monitoring to comprehensively quantify the incidence and duration of newly detected AT/AF. Methods— This study represents a subgroup analysis of the TRENDS trial, which included patients with clinical indications for pacemakers or defibrillators and ≥1 stroke risk factors (heart failure, hypertension, age 65 or older, diabetes, or previous TE). A history of AF was not required. All implanted devices were capable of continuously monitoring the cumulative time spent in AT/AF each day. This analysis focuses primarily on the incidence and duration of newly detected AT/AF (defined as ≥5 minutes of AT/AF on any day) in patients with previous TE, no documented history of AF, and no warfarin or antiarrhythmic drug use. Results— A total of 319 patients had a history of TE and ≥1 day of device data. Patients with a documented history of AF (n=80), warfarin use (n=56), or antiarrhythmic drug use (n=20) were excluded from analysis. Of the remaining 163 patients, newly detected AT/AF was identified via the device in 45 patients (28%) over a mean follow-up of 1.1±0.7 years. AT/AF recurred infrequently, with only 12 patients experiencing AT/AF on >10% of follow-up days. Conclusion— Newly detected episodes of AT/AF were found via continuous monitoring in 28% of patients with previous TE. Most episodes would not have been detected by standard intermittent monitoring techniques.
Manuscript Information Manuscript Files on Parsing the Neural Code in the Prefrontal Cortex of Primates Using Principal Dynamic Modes on Parsing the Neural Code in the Prefrontal Cortex of Primates Using Principal Dynamic Modes

Journal name: Journal of computational neuroscience NIHMS ID: NIHMS514266 Manuscript Title: On parsing the neural code in the prefrontal cortex of primates using principal dynamic modes Principal Investigator: Submitter: Springer Publishing This PDF receipt will only be used as the basis for generating PubMed Central (PMC) documents. PMC documents will be made available for review after conversion (approx. 2-3 weeks time). Any corrections that need to be made will be done at that time. Nonlinear modeling of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) neuronal systems using Principal Dynamic Modes (PDMs) provides a novel method for analyzing the functional connectivity between neuronal groups. This paper presents the PDM-based modeling methodology and initial results from actual multi-unit recordings in the prefrontal cortex of non-human primates. We used the PDMs to analyze the dynamic transformations of spike train activity from Layer 2 (input) to Layer 5 (output) of the prefrontal cortex in primates performing a Delayed-Match-to-Sample task. The PDM-based models reduce the complexity of representing large-scale neural MIMO systems that involve large numbers of neurons, and also offer the prospect of improved biological/physiological interpretation of the obtained models. PDM analysis of neuronal connectivity in this system revealed "input-output channels of communication" corresponding to specific bands of neural rhythms that quantify the relative importance of these frequency-specific PDMs across a variety of different tasks. We found that behavioral performance during the Delayed-Match-to-Sample task (correct vs. incorrect outcome) was associated with differential activation of frequency-specific PDMs in the prefrontal cortex. Keyword: Multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) neuronal systems, Prefrontal cortex, Dynamic nonlinear modeling, Principal Dynamic Modes, Modeling of neural systems, Neural coding, Volterra-Wiener modeling. 2 3 Nonlinear modeling of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) neuronal systems using Principal Dynamic Modes (PDMs) provides a novel method for analyzing the functional connectivity between neuronal groups. This paper presents the PDM-based modeling methodology and initial results from actual multi-unit recordings in the prefrontal cortex of non-human primates. We used the PDMs to analyze the dynamic transformations of spike train activity from Layer 2 (input) to Layer 5 (output) of the prefrontal cortex in primates performing a Delayed-Match-to-Sample task. The PDM-based models reduce the complexity of representing large-scale neural MIMO systems that involve large numbers of neurons, and also offer the prospect of improved biological/physiological interpretation of the obtained models. PDM analysis of neuronal connectivity in this system revealed "input-output channels of communication" corresponding to specific bands of neural rhythms that quantify the relative importance of these …