Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Multilingual Word Embedding with Limited Resources using Neural Language Models

Recently, a variety of unsupervised methods have been proposed that map pre-trained word embeddings of different languages into the same space without any parallel data. These methods aim to find a linear transformation based on the assumption that monolingual word embeddings are approximately isomorphic between languages. However, it has been demonstrated that this assumption holds true only on specific conditions, and with limited resources, the performance of these methods decreases drastically. To overcome this problem, we propose a new unsupervised multilingual embedding method that does not rely on such assumption and performs well under resource-poor scenarios, namely when only a small amount of monolingual data (i.e., 50k sentences) are available, or when the domains of monolingual data are different across languages. Our proposed model, which we call ‘Multilingual Neural Language Models’, shares some of the network parameters among multiple languages, and encodes sentences of multiple languages into the same space. The model jointly learns word embeddings of different languages in the same space, and generates multilingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-training. Our experiments on word alignment tasks have demonstrated that, on the low-resource condition, our model substantially outperforms existing unsupervised and even supervised methods trained with 500 bilingual pairs of words. Our model also outperforms unsupervised methods given different-domain corpora across languages. Our code is publicly available.
Using low resolution position sensors in bumpless position/speed estimation methods for low cost PMSM drives

A bumpless position/speed estimation method which uses only a low-resolution position sensor is presented for low cost permanent magnet machine (PMSM) drives. By integrating methods, i.e. using a speed reference for zero speed startup, a low resolution Hall sensor for low speed acceleration, and back-EMF for high speed operation, the rotor position can be estimated and controlled over the entire speed range. In order to achieve bumpless transitions, the three techniques are combined with a crossover function based on the speed reference. The proposed method can be used in applications with unpredictable variation in loads, such as horizontal drum washing machines.
4G Wireless Roadmap and Emerging Technologies

OFDM-based access techniques are the most appropriate candidate for 4G, as it has been discussed in Chapter 3. In order to provide the required quality of services to users of 4G, several key technologies will be used with OFDM. Therefore, the next task is to present and update information on key technologies, namely MIMO technology, radio resource management, software defined radio (SDR) communication system, mobile IP, and relaying techniques [1-175]. This chapter starts with the multiantenna technologies in Section 4.2. Multiantenna is one of the key technologies for mitigating the negative effects of the wireless channel, providing better link quality and/or higher data rate without consuming extra bandwidth or transmitting power. The use of multiple antennas at either receiver, transmitter, or both ends provides several benefits: array gain, interference reduction, diversity gain, and/or multiplexing gain. Section 4.3 focuses on the main radio resource management functions. They constitute a fundamental aspect for the provision of a variability degree of the quality of service and the effective explanation of the limited radio resource, thus representing a hot research area. The concept of SDR is one of the bridges between software programming and real hardware implementation. Section 4.4 defines radio communication systems and summarizes the advantages of SDR. In addition, this section discusses the problems that must be overcome to realize the SDR communication system and explains the remarkable technologies developed to realize such a system. Section 4.5 deals with IP network issues: Mobile IP architecture, proposed for supporting mobility in Internet, is presented together with guidelines behind mobility. Section 4.6 introduces the concepts of relaying techniques for 4G, and other enabling techniques are listed in Section 4.7.
Axolotl pronephric duct migration requires an epidermally derived, laminin 1-containing extracellular matrix and the integrin receptorα 6β1

The epidermis overlying the migrating axolotl pronephric duct is known to participate in duct guidance. This epidermis deposits an extracellular matrix onto the migrating duct and its pathway that is a potential source of directional guidance cues. The role of this matrix in pronephric duct guidance was assayed by presenting matrix deposited on microcarriers directly to migrating pronephric ducts in situ. We found that reorientation of extracellular-matrix-bearing carriers prior to their presentation to migrating ducts caused a corresponding reorientation of pronephric duct migration. Subepidermal microinjection of function-blocking antibodies against α6 integrin, β1 integrin or the laminin-1/E8 domain recognized byα 6β1 integrin, all of which were detected and localized here, inhibited pronephric duct migration. Moreover, pre-exposure to anti-laminin-1/E8 function-blocking antibody prevented reoriented carriers of epidermally deposited matrix from reorienting pronephric duct migration. These results are incorporated into an integrated model of pronephric duct guidance consistent with all present evidence, proposing roles for the previously implicated glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor as well as for laminin 1 and α6β1 integrin.
IS SPACE REALLY EXPANDING? A COUNTEREXAMPLE

In all Friedman models, the cosmological redshift is widely interpreted as a consequence of the general-relativistic phenomenon of expansion of space. Other commonly believed consequences of this phenomenon are superluminal recession velocities of distant galaxies, and the distance to the particle horizon greater than ct (where t is the age of the Universe), in apparent conflict with special relativity. Here, we study a particular Friedman model: empty universe. This model exhibits both cosmological redshift, superluminal velocities and infinite distance to the horizon. However, we show that the cosmological redshift is there simply a relativistic Doppler shift. Moreover, apparently superluminal velocities and ‘acausal’ distance to the horizon are in fact a direct consequence of special-relativistic phenomenon of time dilation, as well as of the adopted definition of distance in cosmology. There is no conflict with special relativity, whatsoever. In
GeneMANIA Prediction Server 2013 Update

GeneMANIA (http://www.genemania.org) is a flexible user-friendly web interface for generating hypotheses about gene function, analyzing gene lists and prioritizing genes for functional assays. Given a query gene list, GeneMANIA extends the list with functionally similar genes that it identifies using available genomics and proteomics data. GeneMANIA also reports weights that indicate the predictive value of each selected data set for the query. GeneMANIA can also be used in a function prediction setting: given a query gene, GeneMANIA finds a small set of genes that are most likely to share function with that gene based on their interactions with it. Enriched Gene Ontology categories among this set can sometimes point to the function of the gene. Seven organisms are currently supported (Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and hundreds of data sets have been collected from GEO, BioGRID, IRefIndex and I2D, as well as organism-specific functional genomics data sets. Users can customize their search by selecting specific data sets to query and by uploading their own data sets to analyze.
Assessment of residential satisfaction in the core area of Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Traditional core areas of urban centers in the developing countries are known for poor housing quality and deteriorating neighborhood environment. However, there is a paucity of empirical studies on the extent to which residents of such areas are satisfied with their housing situations. This study investigated residential satisfaction amongst residents in the traditional core area of Ibadan, southwest Nigeria. The study relied on a questionnaire survey of 856 residents conducted in 2013 in the study area to achieve this goal. Results of the descriptive statistics, factor, and categorical regression analyses reveal that the residents were generally satisfied with their housing situations. They were most satisfied with relationships with their neighbors but least satisfied with the sizes of open spaces within their neighborhoods. Satisfaction with housing units’ attributes and social characteristics of the neighborhood; layout and cleanliness and the provision of utilities and recreational facilities in the neighborhood emerged as the top three predictors of residential satisfaction amongst the residents. The study concludes that instead of contemplating on total clearance and eviction of residents as measures for improving the livability of traditional core areas of urban centers, governments in developing countries need to engage in innovative strategies that will improve the quality of the physical environment and social networks in these communities.
Augmentation of antitumor cytotoxicity in MOPC-315 tumor bearer spleen cells by depletion of glass-adherent cells prior to in vitro activation.

Abstract Noncytotoxic, MOPC-315 tumor bearer spleen cells were converted to a cytotoxic state by in vitro activation with MOPC-315 stimulator tumor cells. The level of in vitro cytotoxicity exhibited by activated spleen cells from mice bearing small tumors was similar to that of activated spleen cells from normal mice while that exhibited by activated spleen cells from mice bearing large tumors was much lower. The decrease in the level of in vitro antitumor cytotoxicity observed in activated tumor bearer spleen cells during progressive tumor growth correlated with an increase in the percentage of macrophages in the spleen. Depletion of glass-adherent cells from the spleens of tumor-bearing mice included the removal of most macrophages and resulted in the expression of cytotoxicity upon culture and in the augmentation of cytotoxicity upon activation. Still, unactivated or MOPC-315-activated, nonadherent, tumor bearer spleen cells did not lyse allogeneic EL4 leukemia or syngeneic normal BALB/c target cells. The in vitro cytotoxic activity exhibited by activated, nonadherent, tumor bearer spleen cells against MOPC-315 target cells was at least 10-fold greater than that exhibited by activated normal spleen cells or activated, unfractionated, tumor bearer spleen cells. Furthermore, activated nonadherent, tumor bearer spleen cells were also superior to activated, unfractionated, tumor bearer spleen cells in mediating in vivo antitumor activity in the local adoptive transfer assay. Thus, activated, nonadherent, tumor bearer spleen cells might be useful in immunotherapeutic regimens requiring histocompatible cells with augmented antitumor cytotoxicity.
Usage and Distribution for Commercial Purposes Requires Written Permission. a Case of " En Bloc " Excision of a Chest Wall Leiomyosarcoma and Closure of the Defect with Non-cross-linked Collagen Matrix (egis ® )

Sarcomas arising from the chest wall account for less than 20% of all soft tissue sarcomas, and at this site, primitive tumors are the most frequent to occur. Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant smooth muscle tumor and the best outcomes are achieved with wide surgical excision. Although advancements have been made in treatment protocols, leiomyosarcoma remains one of the more difficult soft tissue sarcoma to treat. Currently, general local control is obtained with surgical treatment with wide negative margins. We describe the case of a 50-year-old man who underwent a chest wall resection involving a wide portion of the pectoralis major and minor muscle, the serratus and part of the second, third and fourth ribs of the left side. The full-thickness chest wall defect of 10 × 8 cm was closed using a non-cross-linked acellular dermal matrix (Egis ®) placed in two layers, beneath the rib plane and over it. A successful repair was achieved with no incisional herniation and with complete tissue regenera-Rastrelli et al.: A Case of " en bloc " Excision of a Chest Wall Leiomyosarcoma and Closure of the Defect with Non-Cross-Linked Collagen Matrix (Egis ®) 656 tion, allowing natural respiratory movements. No complications were observed in the post-operative course. Biological non-cross-linked matrix, derived from porcine dermis, behaves like a scaffold supporting tissue regeneration; it can be successfully used as an alternative to synthetic mesh for chest wall reconstruction.
Modeling scenario variability as crosscutting mechanisms

Variability management is a common challenge for Software Product Line (SPL) adoption, since developers need suitable mechanisms for specifying and implementing variability that occurs at different SPL artifacts (requirements, design, implementation, and test). In this paper, we present a novel approach for use case scenario variability management, enabling a better separation of concerns between languages used to manage variabilities and languages used to specify use case scenarios. The result is that both representations can be understood and evolved in a separate way. We achieve such a goal by modeling variability management as a crosscutting phenomenon, for the reason that artifacts such as feature models, product configurations, and configuration knowledge crosscut each other with respect to each specific SPL member. After applying our approach to different case studies, we achieved a better feature modularity and scenario cohesion.
RESOLVING THE NEOGRAMMARIAN CONTROVERSY

Recent investigations of the history of Chinese have given new support to the view that sound change diffuses gradually across the lexicon. Yet instrumental studies of sound change in progress support the Neogrammarian position that change affects all words that include the sound according to their phonetic environment. The paradox can be resolved by distinguishing abstract phonological change from change in low-level output rules. Both types of rules can be observed in recent studies of sound change in progress in Philadelphia: the lexical split of short a shows lexical diffusion in progress, while raising, lowering, fronting, and backing rules show Neogrammarian regularity. A review of the literature on completed changes and other changes in progress tends to support the relevance of a hierarchy of abstractness in determining the nature of the transition from one stage to the other. *
A relational model of supervision for applied psychology practice: professional growth through relating and reflecting

ABSTRACT Supervision is a critical component of initial training and continuing professional development for applied psychology practitioners, and effective supervision is significantly related to the quality of the relationship between supervisor and supervisee. The core task of supervision is to engage in a relational process that provides containing and security, thus facilitating professional growth through reflection on experience. Two key arguments are proposed in this paper: (i) models that support theory-to-practice connections are essential for both supervisees and supervisors and (ii) models informed by psychological theory that place relating and reflecting at the heart of the supervisory process promote practitioner development and effective outcomes for clients. One model – the Relational Model of Supervision for Applied Psychology Practice (RMSAPP) – is outlined, and the systemic, psychodynamic and attachment lenses privileged within it are explored. The paper concludes with the strengths and challenges of the model, along with suggestions for future research directions.
Efficient realization of digital logic circuit using QCA multiplexer

Quantum-dot cellular Automata (QCA), a viable alternative to current CMOS, is gaining its prominence in digital circuit due to its very high device density and clocking speed. This work targets design of efficient logic circuits based on QCA multiplexer. The design capability of the multiplexer in QCA is investigated implementing XOR, XNOR logic gate and arithmetic logic unit. Further, efficient sequential circuits like D latch, T latch, D flip-flop, Scan flip-flop, shift registers are designed using QCA multiplexer. Results obtained supports the fact that the proposed designs achieve significant improvement in terms of device density, cell count as well as clock delay than that of the other previous designs.
RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITÄT HEIDELBERG

This thesis describes the development of a software for the comparison of signals, recorded with the calorimeter with accordant signals of the Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger of the ATLAS experiment. Initial tests were accomplished and a fit function for the analysing of the signals was developed. Signals recorded with the detector are digitized in the front-end electronic of the calorimeter, whereas the Level-1 Trigger receives the same analog signals via 70 m long cables. These analog signals are digitized by the PreProcessor. The cosmic run 2005 served as source for calorimeter signals. The signals were reconstructed from the raw data using the framework Athena. The trigger signals were generated by the charge injection system of the calorimeter and recorded via the VME readout of the PreProcessor. The developed software converts the different signals to the same format and compares them. Initial test and comparison with the fit function demonstrates the alteration of analog trigger signals in pulse shape. Effects due to the influence of electronics and cables can be understood.
Expression of progerin in aging mouse brains reveals structural nuclear abnormalities without detectible significant alterations in gene expression, hippocampal stem cells or behavior

Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a segmental progeroid syndrome with multiple features suggestive of premature accelerated aging. Accumulation of progerin is thought to underlie the pathophysiology of HGPS. However, despite ubiquitous expression of lamin A in all differentiated cells, the HGPS mutation results in organ-specific defects. For example, bone and skin are strongly affected by HGPS, while the brain appears to be unaffected. There are no definite explanations as to the variable sensitivity to progeria disease among different organs. In addition, low levels of progerin have also been found in several tissues from normal individuals, but it is not clear if low levels of progerin contribute to the aging of the brain. In an attempt to clarify the origin of this phenomenon, we have developed an inducible transgenic mouse model with expression of the most common HGPS mutation in brain, skin, bone and heart to investigate how the mutation affects these organs. Ultrastructural analysis of neuronal nuclei after 70 weeks of expression of the LMNA c.1824C>T mutation showed severe distortion with multiple lobulations and irregular extensions. Despite severe distortions in the nuclei of hippocampal neurons of HGPS animals, there were only negligible changes in gene expression after 63 weeks of transgenic expression. Behavioral analysis and neurogenesis assays, following long-term expression of the HGPS mutation, did not reveal significant pathology. Our results suggest that certain tissues are protected from functional deleterious effects of progerin.
A Model for Quality of Life Measures in Patients with Dementia: Lawton’s Next Step

The introduction of drugs that are claimed to improve cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer’s disease raises the question of whether these drugs also influence dementia patients’ quality of life (QOL). We describe a hierarchic model of QOL of dementia patients, which can guide the development of measurement instruments. After initially discussing broadly QOL research, we focus on two highly important characteristics of the concept, its broadness and subjectivity, against the background of the relevant literature on QOL in dementia. Dementia-specific dimensions and domains are presented. We identify psychological well-being as the core dimension for QOL of patients with dementia.
STBC-schemes with nonvanishing determinant for certain number of transmit antennas

A space-time block-code scheme (STBC-scheme) is a family of STBCs {C(SNR)}, indexed by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) such that the rate of each STBC scales with SNR. An STBC-scheme is said to have a nonvanishing determinant if the coding gain of every STBC in the scheme is lower-bounded by a fixed nonzero value. The nonvanishing determinant property is important from the perspective of the diversity multiplexing-gain (DM-G) tradeoff: a concept that characterizes the maximum diversity gain achievable by any STBC-scheme transmitting at a particular rate. This correspondence presents a systematic technique for constructing STBC-schemes with nonvanishing determinant, based on cyclic division algebras. Prior constructions of STBC-schemes from cyclic division algebra have either used transcendental elements, in which case the scheme may have vanishing determinant, or is available with nonvanishing determinant only for two, three, four, and six transmit antennas. In this correspondence, we construct STBC-schemes with nonvanishing determinant for the number of transmit antennas of the form 2/sup k/, 3/spl middot/2/sup k/, 2/spl middot/3/sup k/, and q/sup k/(q-1)/2, where q is any prime of the form 4s+3. For cyclic division algebra based STBC-schemes, in a recent work by Elia et al., the nonvanishing determinant property has been shown to be sufficient for achieving DM-G tradeoff. In particular, it has been shown that the class of STBC-schemes constructed in this correspondence achieve the optimal DM-G tradeoff. Moreover, the results presented in this correspondence have been used for constructing optimal STBC-schemes for arbitrary number of transmit antennas, by Elia et al.
Systoles of 2-complexes, Reeb graph, and Grushko decomposition

Let X be a finite 2-complex with unfree fundamental group. We prove lower bounds for the area of a metric on X, in terms of the square of the least length of a noncontractible loop in X. We thus establish a uniform systolic inequality for all unfree 2-complexes. Our inequality improves the constant in M. Gromov’s inequality in this dimension. The argument relies on the Reeb graph and the coarea formula, combined with an induction on the number of freely indecomposable factors in Grushko’s decomposition of the fundamental group. More specifically, we construct a kind of a Reeb space “minimal model” for X, reminiscent of the “chopping off long fingers” construction used by Gromov in the context of surfaces. As a consequence, we prove the agreement of the Lusternik-Schnirelmann and systolic categories of a 2-complex.