Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Most of our knowledge with respect to the nature of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) have risen rapidly in the past few decades and have become an economic burden to the healthcare system in China. DN is a major complication of DM and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The occurrence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) in diabetic patients has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It is generally believed that it is difficult to reverse DN, whereas some cases of NDRD are readily treatable and remittable. However, DN is known to co-exist with NDRD in a poorly defined population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study estimated the prevalence of co-existing DN and NDRD in Chinese patients. Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed from 244 patients with T2DM who had undergone a renal biopsy between January 2003 and December 2011 at the Nephrology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, China. Male patients numbered 151 (61.9%) of the study population. The biopsies were performed because urinary abnormalities or renal function were atypical of a diagnosis of DN. Biopsy samples were examined using light, immunofluorescence (IF) and electron microscopy (EM). Clinical parameters were recorded for each patient at the time of biopsy. Results: Nineteen of 244 diabetic patients (7.8%) had co-existing DN and NDRD. These patients showed clinical features and pathologic characteristics of DN, including a high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (89.5%), a long duration of diabetes, increased thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and mesangial expansion. However, they also presented with clinical findings which were inconsistent with DN, such as hematuria, rapidly progressive renal failure and marked proteinuria. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy was apparent in 10 out of the 19 patients (52.6%), tubulointerstitial lesions were found in four patients (21.1%), membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) in three patients (15.8%) and membranous nephropathy (MN) in two patients (10.5%). Conclusion: Retrospective analysis of biopsy data suggests that approximately 8% of Chinese patients with T2DM may have co-existing DN and NDRD. The most common histological diagnosis in our small series was IgA nephropathy.
Data Mining Application in Enrollment Management: A Case Study

ABSTRACT In the last two decades, number of Higher Education Institutions (HEI) grows rapidly in India. This causes a cut throat competition among these institutions while attracting the student to get admission in these institutions. Most of the institutions are opened in self finance mode, so all time they feel short hand in expenditure. Therefore, institutions focused on the strength of students not on the quality of education. Indian education sector has a lot of data that can produce valuable information. Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) is a multidisciplinary area focusing upon methodologies for extracting useful knowledge from data and there are several useful KDD tools to extract the knowledge. This knowledge can be used to increase the quality of education. But educational institution does not use any knowledge discovery process approach on these data. Now-a- day a new research community, educational data mining (EDM), is growing which is intersection of data mining and pedagogy. In this paper we present the data mining method for enrollment management for MCA course.
Functional angiotensin II receptors in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

To study cellular mechanisms influencing vascular reactivity, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were obtained by enzymatic dissociation of the rat mesenteric artery, a highly reactive, resistance-type blood vessel, and established in primary culture. Cellular binding sites for the vasoconstrictor hormone angiotensin II (AII) were identified and characterized using the radioligand 125I-angiotensin II. Freshly isolated VSMC, and VSMC maintained in primary culture for up to 3 wk, exhibited rapid, saturable, and specific 125I-AII binding similar to that seen with homogenates of the intact rat mesenteric artery. In 7-d primary cultures, Scatchard analysis indicated a single class of high- affinity binding sites with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of 2.8 +/- 0.2 nM and a total binding capacity of 81.5 +/- 5.0 fmol/mg protein (equivalent to 4.5 x 10(4) sites per cell). Angiotensin analogues and antagonists inhibited 125I-AII binding to cultured VSMC in a potency series similar to that observed for the vascular AII receptor in vivo. Nanomolar concentrations of native AII elicited a rapid, reversible, contractile response, in a variable proportion of cells, that was inhibited by pretreatment with the competitive antagonist Sar1,Ile8-AII. Transmission electron microscopy showed an apparent loss of thick (12-18 nm Diam) myofilaments and increased synthetic activity, but these manifestations of phenotypic modulation were not correlated with loss of 125I-AII binding sites or hormonal responsiveness. Primary cultures of enzymatically dissociated rat mesenteric artery VSMC thus may provide a useful in vitro system to study cellular mechanisms involved in receptor activation-response coupling, receptor regulation, and the maintenance of differentiation in vascular smooth muscle.
Nonperiodic Synchronization in Heterogeneous Networks of Spiking Neurons

Neural synchronization is of wide interest in neuroscience and has been argued to form the substrate for conscious attention to stimuli, movement preparation, and the maintenance of task-relevant representations in active memory. Despite a wealth of possible functions, the mechanisms underlying synchrony are still poorly understood. In particular, in vitro preparations have demonstrated synchronization with no apparent periodicity, which cannot be explained by simple oscillatory mechanisms. Here, we investigate the possible origins of nonperiodic synchronization through biophysical simulations. We show that such aperiodic synchronization arises naturally under a simple set of plausible assumptions, depending crucially on heterogeneous cell properties. In addition, nonperiodicity occurs even in the absence of stochastic fluctuation in membrane potential, suggesting that it may represent an intrinsic property of interconnected networks. Simulations capture some of the key aspects of population-level synchronization in spontaneous network spikes (NSs) and suggest that the intrinsic nonperiodicity of NSs observed in reduced cell preparations is a phenomenon that is highly robust and can be reproduced in simulations that involve a minimal set of realistic assumptions. In addition, a model with spike timing-dependent plasticity can overcome a natural tendency to exhibit nonperiodic behavior. After rhythmic stimulation, the model does not automatically fall back to a state of nonperiodic behavior, but keeps replaying the pattern of evoked NSs for a few cycles. A cluster analysis of synaptic strengths highlights the importance of population-wide interactions in generating this result and describes a possible route for encoding temporal patterns in networks of neurons.
Masses of Astrometrically Discovered and Imaged Binaries: G78-28AB and GJ 231.1BC

The Stellar Planet Survey (STEPS) is an ongoing astrometric search for giant planets and brown dwarfs around a sample of ~30 M dwarfs. We have discovered several low-mass companions by measuring the motion of our target stars relative to their reference frames. The highest mass discovery thus far is G78-28B, a companion to the M dwarf G78-28A. The orbital period is 4.18 ± 0.03 yr, the system mass is 0.565 ± 0.055 M☉, and the semimajor axis is 2.19 ± 0.10 AU. Imaging observations with the Keck laser guide star adaptive optics (LGSAO) and the Palomar AO instruments resolved the system and also yielded JHK-band delta magnitudes. We use the orbital solution, light ratios, and mass-luminosity relationships to derive component masses of MA = 0.370 ± 0.034 M☉ and MB = 0.195 ± 0.021 M☉. G78-28B is of type M4 V based on its colors and mass. We also discovered GJ 231.1C, a companion to GJ 231.1B, with STEPS and imaged the companion with LGSAO and Palomar AO, but the orbital period is longer than our observing baseline; thus, the system parameters are less constrained. In GJ 231.1BC the masses are MB = 0.25 ± 0.06 M☉ and MC = 0.12 ± 0.02 M☉. The inferred spectral type of GJ 231.1C is M5 V. We demonstrate the results of the current state of mass estimation techniques with our data.
The Effect of Hatchery Release Strategy on Marine Migratory Behaviour and Apparent Survival of Seymour River Steelhead Smolts (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Early marine migratory behaviour and apparent survival of hatchery-reared Seymour River steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts was examined over a four year period (2006–2009) to assess the impact of various management strategies on improving early marine survival. Acoustically tagged smolts were released to measure their survival using estuary and coastal marine receivers forming components of the Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking (POST) array. Early marine survival was statistically indistinguishable between releases of summer run and winter run steelhead races, night and day releases, and groups released 10 days apart. In 2009, the survival of summer run steelhead released into the river was again trialed against groups released directly into the ocean at a distance from the river mouth. Apparent survival was improved significantly for the ocean released groups. The health and physiological status of the various release groups were monitored in years 2007–2009, and results indicate that the fish were in good health, with no clinical signs of disease at the time of release. The possibility of a disease event contributing to early marine mortality was further examined in 2009 by vaccinating half of the released fish against common fish diseases (vibriosis, furunculosis). The results suggest that marine survival may be enhanced using this approach, although not to the extent observed when the smolts were transported away from the river mouth before release. In summary, direct experimental testing of different release strategies using the POST array to measure ocean survival accelerated the scientific process by allowing rapid collection of data which enabled the rejection of several existing theories and allowed tentative identification of several new alternative approaches that might improve early marine survival of Seymour River steelhead.
Changing Korea: Understanding Culture and Communication

In the last fifty years, Korea has transformed itself from an agrarian, Confucian-based culture into a global and technological powerhouse, and one of the most important political and economic forces in the world. Based on previous research and face-to-face interviews, the book shows how contemporary Koreans negotiate traditional Confucian values and Western capitalistic values in their everyday encounters - particularly in business and professional contexts. This is a useful companion book for courses in international business, intercultural communication, and Asian studies.
USER RECONFIGURATIONS OF THE DE BOER RATING SCALE FOR DISCOMFORT GLARE

This study evaluated the de Boer rating scale for discomfort glare. The aim was to odetermine if the scale was effective in rating discomfort glare and, if not, what modifications are necessary to improve the scale. The hypothesis was that the de Boer scale was not optimal for rating the true psychological effect of discomfort glare by American observers. Two tasks were performed by each subject. The first task was an ordering of the verbal descriptors, in which the subject ordered the five verbal descriptors from the scale in the order they thought the scale should run. The second task was to number the scale they created. The results indicate that (1) there is a problem with the way the de Boer scale is numbered, and (2) some of the verbal descriptors are confusing and can lead to improper scaling of glare. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the de Boer scale is not the optimal scale for rating discomfort glare by American observers, and research on an improved scale is necessary.
Five year study of cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese people: implications concerning new onset of metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been fully studied. METHODS AND RESULTS The data of 35,534 subjects who underwent a health examination both in 1996 and 2001 were analyzed. Since the waist circumference was not available, modified criteria of MetS was used for those with 3 or more of the following items: 1) body mass index (BMI) >or=25 kg/m(2), 2) blood pressure >or=130 mm Hg in systolic and/or >or=85 mm Hg in diastolic, 3) triglycerides >or=150 mg/dL, 4) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol <or=40 mg/dL in men, <or=50 mg/dL in women, and 5) fasting blood glucose (FBG) >or=100 mg/dL. The subjects who underwent therapy for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and high TG were considered to have these items. The incidence of MetS over 5 years was determined and its risks were evaluated by Cox proportional-hazards models. During the follow-up of exactly 5 years, MetS developed in 2,853 (9.32%) among 30,623 subjects who had no MetS at baseline. The subjects who developed MetS were older, and had elevated BMI, blood pressure, TG and FBG (p<0.001 for all) and lower HDL (p<0.034 for men and p<0.001 for women). Each item of MetS and their combination was associated with a higher risk to develop MetS. Obesity (BMI >or=25 kg/m(2)) alone or in combination with another item was associated with a higher risk to develop MetS suggesting it plays a key role. CONCLUSION MetS using BMI developed in 9.32% over 5 years or 1.86%/year. Each item of MetS or their combination showed a high risk to develop MetS. Obesity was associated with a higher hazard ratio to develop MetS.
Macadamia Oil Supplementation Attenuates Inflammation and Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Obese Mice

Excess of saturated fatty acids in the diet has been associated with obesity, leading to systemic disruption of insulin signaling, glucose intolerance, and inflammation. Macadamia oil administration has been shown to improve lipid profile in humans. We evaluated the effect of macadamia oil supplementation on insulin sensitivity, inflammation, lipid profile, and adipocyte size in high-fat diet (HF) induced obesity in mice. C57BL/6 male mice (8 weeks) were divided into four groups: (a) control diet (CD), (b) HF, (c) CD supplemented with macadamia oil by gavage at 2 g/Kg of body weight, three times per week, for 12 weeks (CD + MO), and (d) HF diet supplemented with macadamia oil (HF + MO). CD and HF mice were supplemented with water. HF mice showed hypercholesterolemia and decreased insulin sensitivity as also previously shown. HF induced inflammation in adipose tissue and peritoneal macrophages, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy. Macadamia oil supplementation attenuated hypertrophy of adipocytes and inflammation in the adipose tissue and macrophages.
Inhibition of topoisomerase II in 32D.3(G) cells by hydroquinone is associated with cell death

Studies showing the inhibition of isolated human topoisomerase II (topo II) by benzene metabolites such as hydroquinone, coupled with the recognition that benzene‐induced acute myelogenous leukemia bears a resemblance to second cancers caused by topo II inhibitors such as etoposide, suggested that topo II inhibition by hydroquinone might induce leukemogenic mutations. In these studies the inhibition of topo II by hydroquinone or etoposide was studied in parallel with the effects of these agents on differentiation, maturation and viability in murine bone marrow 32D.3(G) cells. Topoisomerase II of 32D.3(G) cells was inhibited by hydroquinone at concentrations of 5 µM or higher and by etoposide at concentrations of 50 µM or higher. At concentrations of either agent below those that inhibited topo II the cells responded normally to interleukin‐3, which promoted proliferation, and to granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, which promoted differentiation and maturation. In dose ranges in which topo II was inhibited by either hydroquinone or etoposide, the cells became progressively less viable and cell counts decreased during the incubation period. Progressive inability to detect topo II protein by Western blot analysis as hydroquinone concentrations were increased suggested that either association of the probe with the enzyme was inhibited by hydroquinone or there was degradation of the protein as a function of hydroquinone‐induced apoptosis. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Level-set based geometric colour snake with region support

A novel method is introduced to force a geometric-based snake be more tolerant towards weak edges and noise in images. The method integrates gradient flow forces with region constraints obtained from diffused region segmentation forces. The diffusion is obtained from the region map vector flow field. This extra region force gives the snake a global view of the boundary information within the image. We present results on both graylevel and colour images.
An Efficient Eddy Current Model for Nonlinear Maxwell Equations with Laminated Conductors

In this paper, we propose a new eddy current model for the nonlinear Maxwell equations with laminated conductors. Direct simulation of three-dimensional (3D) eddy currents in grain-oriented (GO) silicon steel laminations is very challenging since the coating film over each lamination is only several microns thick and the magnetic reluctivity is nonlinear and anisotropic. The system of GO silicon steel laminations has multiple sizes, and the ratio of the largest scale to the smallest scale can amount to $10^6$. The new model omits coating films and thus reduces the scale ratio by 2--3 orders of magnitude. It avoids very fine or very anisotropic mesh in coating films and can reduce computations greatly in computing 3D eddy currents. We establish the well-posedness of the new model and prove the convergence of the solution of the original problem to the solution of the new model as the thickness of coating films tends to zero. The new model is validated by finite element computations of an engineering benchm.
Meta-analysis of randomized, controlled treatment trials for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE To conduct a meta-analysis on randomized, controlled treatment trials of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD Studies were included if they employed randomized, controlled methodology and treated young people (19 years or under) with OCD. A comprehensive literature search identified 13 RCTs containing 10 pharmacotherapy to control comparisons (N = 1016) and five cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to control comparisons (N = 161). RESULTS Random effects modeling yielded statistically significant pooled effect size (ES) estimates for pharmacotherapy (ES = .48, 95% CI = .36 to .61, p < .00001) and CBT (ES = 1.45, 95% CI = .68 to 2.22, p = .002). The results were robust to publication bias. CONCLUSIONS This is the first meta-analysis of treatment RCTs for pediatric OCD. CBT and pharmacotherapy were the only treatments effective beyond control in alleviating OCD symptoms. CBT showed a greater ES than pharmacotherapy. Previous meta-analyses that included uncontrolled trials exaggerated the efficacy of both treatments.
¿Qué estilo de socialización parental es el idóneo en España? Un estudio con niños y adolescentes de 10 a 14 años

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar qué estilo de socialización parental es idóneo en España midiendo el ajuste psicosocial de los hijos. Una muestra con 948 niños y adolescentes de 10 a 14 años (52% mujeres) indicaron las prácticas de socialización de sus padres. Las familias se clasificaron en una de las cuatro tipologías clásicas (autorizativa, autoritaria, indulgente o negligente) a partir de las respuestas de los hijos al PARQ/C (Rohner, 1990). Se usaron como criterios las cinco dimensiones del autoconcepto medidos por el AF5 (García y Musitu, 1999), seis indicadores de ajuste psicológico medidos por el PAQ (Rohner, 1990), tres indicadores de competencia personal y tres de problemas conductuales (Lamborn et al., 1991). Los estilos familiares autorizativo e indulgente se correspondieron generalmente con mejores puntuaciones en los criterios que los autoritarios y negligentes. Los resultados indicaron que el estilo familiar idóneo en España es el indulgente, ya que las puntuaciones de los hijos de familias indulgentes siempre fueron equivalentes, o incluso mejores, que los de las familias autorizativas.
Examining How Gender and Emoticons Influence Facebook Jealousy

Facebook use among young adults is widespread, and understanding how it affects romantic relationships has practical, real world implications. Both gender and amount of time spent on Facebook have been associated with online jealousy. Emoticons can be used online to clarify messages and are often used in mixed gender interactions. A series of studies was used to examine whether gender and emoticons interacted to influence Facebook jealousy. Interestingly, results differed based on qualitative and quantitative responses. With quantitative responses, a main effect was found only for gender. Females displayed more Facebook jealousy than males. With qualitative responses, an interaction was found. Males were more jealous when a winking emoticon was present, while females were more jealous when no emoticon was present. This research supports evolutionary work in suggesting that specific cues may differentially influence jealousy responses in males and females. It should be mentioned that although differences were noticed, they may be contingent upon the research methods utilized and that mixed methods may best address issues involving jealousy in young adults.
ANTECEDENTS OF WORK ENGAGEMENT IN A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between work engagement, psychological conditions and antecedent conditions in a sample of employees (N= 132) in a financial institution. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The Work Engagement Scale and the Work Experience Scale were used. The results confirmed that psychological meaningfulness and psychological availability were significant predictors of work engagement. Cognitive, emotional and physical resources had the strongest effect on work engagement. Multiple regression analysis showed that psychological meaningfulness partially mediated the relationship between work role fit, co-worker relations, growth and work engagement. A total of 5% of the variance in psychological meamngfulness and a total of 2% of the variance in psychological availability were predicted by work role fit. Psychological availability partially mediated the relationship between resources, self-consciousness and work engagement. OPSOMMING Die doel van hierdie studie was om die verwantskap tussen werksbegeestering, psigologiese kondisies en antesedente daarvan by werknemers (N = 132) van 'n finansiele instansie te ondersoek. 'n Dwarssnit-opnameontwerp is gebruik. Die Werksbegeesteringvraelys en Werkservaringvraelys is afgeneem. Die resultate het aangetoon dat psigologiese betekenisvolheid en psigologiese beskikbaarheid betekenisvolle voorspellers van werksbegeestering is. Hulpbronne soos kognitiewe, emosionele en fisiese hulpbronne het die grootste effek op werksbegeestering gehad. Meervoudige regressie-analise het aangetoon dat psigologiese betekenisvolheid slegs vir 'n gedeeltelike mediasie in die verhouding tussen geskikte werksrol, medewerkerverhoudings, groei en werksbegeestering verantwoordelik is. Slegs 'n totaal van 5% van die variansie in psigologiese betekenisvolheid en 2% van die variansie in psigologiese beskikbaarheid is deur geskikte werksrol voorspel. Psigologiese beskikbaarheid is slegs vir 'n gedeeltelike mediasie in die verhouding tussen hulpbronne, selfbewustheid, en werksbegeestering verantwoordelik.