Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Presence of Hereditary and Acquired Thrombophilias in Brazilian Children and Adolescents With Diagnoses of Portal Vein Thrombosis

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of main hereditary thrombophilias, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), and hyperhomocysteinemia in Brazilian children and adolescents diagnosed with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) without associated hepatic disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 32 children with PVT in accompaniment at Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais from January 1990 to July 2011. Laboratory evaluation of thrombophilias was performed from September 2010 to July 2011. Results: Thirty-two patients were evaluated; 59% were boys. Median age at diagnosis was 2.4 years. Mean time of patients’ accompaniment was between 4.7 and 5.2 years. The presence of hereditary and acquired thrombophilias occurred in 34.4% of patients, and 9 of them also showed other risk factors in the previous history evaluation. Risk factors were absent in the previous history of 18 patients (56.3%). Two patients showed persistent high titres of anticardiolipin antibodies. Hyperhomocysteinemia was not observed. One patient was heterozygous for factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A mutation (3.1%). Eleven patients (34.4%) showed heterozygous methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T, and no patient had the JAK2V617F mutation. Conclusions: Even after investigation of main hereditary and acquired thrombophilia, PVT remains without apparent cause in most patients. Nevertheless, association of local and systemic risk factors seems to be important also in the pediatric age group. Therefore, despite the low prevalence, a complete investigation, which includes both hereditary and acquired thrombophilias, may be necessary.
Critical Service-Learning as Social Justice Education: A Case Study of the Citizen Scholars Program

A critical service-learning pedagogy links service-learning and social justice education by engaging students in meaningful service in the community and integrating that experience with thoughtful introduction, analysis, and discussion of issues important to understanding social justice. The Citizen Scholars Program is a unique four semester service-learning experience with an explicit aim to develop students' capacities to act for positive social change. Using the experiences of the second completion cohort of this program as a case study, this research suggests that a critical service-learning pedagogy encourages students to think more deeply about and develop commitments to act for social justice.
The method evaluation model: a theoretical model for validating information systems design methods

Information Systems (IS) design research tends to emphasise the development of new methods (normative research), while addressing the evaluation of methods in only a limited fashion. A possible reason for this is the philosophical and methodological problems involved in validating methods (“knowledge how”) as opposed to theses (“knowledge that”). “Knowledge that” has been the major focus of scientific research, which is generally about establishing the truth of particular propositions (hypotheses). However an entirely different approach is required to validate methodological knowledge. This paper proposes a theoretical model and associated measurement instrument for evaluating IS design methods. The model is based on two previously unrelated areas of theory: the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) from the IS success literature and Methodological Pragmatism from the philosophy of science. The resulting theoretical model combines two different but related dimensions of method “success”: actual effectiveness and adoption in practice. The model is applicable to all types of IS design methods as well as methods used in other domains. A laboratory experiment and a field experiment are conducted to test the model. The paper also presents some interesting findings about the use of undergraduate students in experimental studies.
Consent is a grey area? A comparison of understandings of consent in Fifty Shades of Grey and on the BDSM blogosphere

Whilst the Fifty Shades trilogy has increased public awareness of BDSM (bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, and sadomasochism), the understandings of consent depicted in the novels remain reflective of those prevalent in wider heteronormative culture. Responsibility for consenting is located within the individual (woman) and consent relates to sex rather than to the relationship as a whole. This contrasts with understandings of consent currently emerging on the BDSM blogosphere where the locus of responsibility is shifting from individuals to communities, and the concept is opening up to encompass awareness of intersecting social power dynamics and interactions beyond the sexual arena.
Examining Social Class and Work Meaning Within the Psychology of Working Framework

In this article, we used the psychology of working framework to examine how social class relates to the experience of meaningful work with two samples of working adults. In Study 1, participants in higher social classes were more likely to experience work meaning than people in lower social classes. Regardless of class, participants reported serving others or contributing to the greater good as the primary source of their work’s meaning. In Study 2, we used a latent, multiple mediator model to test whether the three components of work volition mediated the relation between social class and work meaning. The model was a good fit to the data and partially supported our hypotheses. Specifically, volition and financial constraints fully mediated the relation between social class and work meaning, suggesting that social class may be linked to work meaning due to increased volition and decreased financial constraints.
Demonstrating a nano viscometer using femtosecond laser induced photo-thermal effect

We present a new method to utilize photo-thermal effect at nano-volume dimension, to measure viscosity, which could be useful to eventually correlate to in-vivo conditions. We present our measurements using high repetition rate low average power femtosecond laser induced conditions under which the photo-thermal effect is highly influence by the convective mode of heat transfer. This is especially important in absorbing liquids. This is unlike the typical photo-thermal conditions not involving such ultrashort pulses. Typical thermal processes involve only conductive mode of heat transfer and are phenomenological in nature. Inclusion of convective mode results in some additional molecular characteristics to the thermal process. We measure the traditional thermal lens studies with femtosecond pulse train through geometric beam divergence of a collimated laser beam co-propagating with the focused heating laser beam. The refractive index gradient in the sample due to the focused heating laser creates a thermal lens, which is measured. On the other hand, the same heat gradient from the focusing heating laser beam generates a change in local viscosity in the medium, which changes the trapped stiffness of an optically trapped microsphere in its vicinity. We use co-propagating femtosecond train of laser pulses of wavelength 1560 nm and 780 nm for these experiments. From the bulk thermal studies, we show that use of water as sample provides us the advantage to use conductive mode of heat transfer even with femtosecond pulse train excitation.
Stigmatisation towards people with mental health problems in secondary school students: an international cross-sectional study between three cities in Japan, China and South-Korea

There is great concern over stigmatisation amongst young people towards people with mental health problems. However, few studies have conducted international comparisons between young people living in Asian countries. This study investigated the knowledge and attitudes towards people with mental health problems in secondary school students in Osaka (Japan), Shenyang (China) and Busan (South-Korea) to determine which factors influence their understandings and attitudes towards people with mental health problems. The study included 380 participants from Osaka, 294 from Shenyang and 350 from Busan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess knowledge and social distance towards people with mental health problems, as understandings and attitudes. Stigmatising knowledge and attitudes were held by students in Osaka, Shengyang and Busan. The students in Busan were more likely to give positive responses than those in Osaka and Shenyang. There was a relationship between students' knowledge and social distance in the three cities. Students' attitudes were associated with knowing someone with mental health problems in Osaka and Busan, but not in Shenyang. The results indicated that the students in the three cities have misunderstandings and stigmatising attitudes, although there are differences in the degree of stigmatisation and its factors.
A comparison of parsing technologies for the biomedical domain

This paper reports on a number of experiments which are designed to investigate the extent to which current NLP resources are able to syntactically and semantically analyse biomedical text. We address two tasks: (a) parsing a real corpus with a hand-built wide-coverage grammar, producing both syntactic analyses and logical forms and (b) automatically computing the interpretation of compound nouns where the head is a nominalisation (e.g. hospital arrival means an arrival at hospital, while patient arrival means an arrival of a patient). For the former task we demonstrate that flexible and yet constrained pre-processing techniques are crucial to success: these enable us to use part-of-speech tags to overcome inadequate lexical coverage, and to package up complex technical expressions prior to parsing so that they are blocked from creating misleading amounts of syntactic complexity. We argue that the XML-processing paradigm is ideally suited for automatically preparing the corpus for parsing. For the latter task, we compute interpretations of the compounds by exploiting surface cues and meaning paraphrases, which in turn are extracted from the parsed corpus. This provides an empirical setting in which we can compare the utility of a comparatively deep parser vs. a shallow one, exploring the trade-off between resolving attachment ambiguities on the one hand and generating errors in the parses on the other. We demonstrate that a model of the meaning of compound nominalisations is achievable with the aid of current broad-coverage parsers.
Towards a European public sphere?

In this paper we address the alleged communication or public sphere deficit of the EU. We develop a systematic approach to the Europeanization of public spheres, which distinguishes three forms of Europeanized political communication: supranational, vertical and horizontal. We propose that the spatial reach and boundaries of public communication can be determined by investigating communicative flows and assessing the relative density of public communication within and between different geopolitical spaces. We apply this model to data on political claim making in seven issue fields in German print media in the year 2000. We find that the degree and forms of Europeanization of political communication vary considerably among policy fields. These differences are strongly linked to the extent and type (supranational or intergovernmental) of competencies of the EU in these fields. Contrary to the hypothesis of a public sphere deficit, the German mass media seem to quite accurately reflect the Europeanization of policy making, at least in those policy fields where a clear‐cut transfer of competencies to the supranational EU level has taken place.
How students cope with part-time study

This study provides a qualitative test and illustration of a model of how students cope with the demands of part-time study. The model shows that students who are successful in finding the time to complete the requirements of part-time courses do so by adopting three mechanisms; sacrifice, support and the negotiation of arrangements. All three mechanisms operate in four domains, namely work, family, social lives and the self. The mechanisms and domains were related together in a three by four matrix. Data to verify and illuminate the model were gathered by the researchers through an on-line forum discussion on the topic of coping with part-time study. The researchers themselves were studying part-time in a course called Adult Education and Professional Development. Analysis of the data showed that the work domain was very important but little adaptation was possible. The family was seen as the most important domain and all three mechanisms were used. Time was commonly found for part-time study by sacrificing social lives. The self-domain was interpreted as important in establishing motivation and self-determination.
Women’s rights, gay rights and anti-Muslim racism in Europe: Introduction

Soon after ‘9/11’, the date when ‘it’ – from the death of multiculturalism to the wars without end – supposedly began, we received the first warnings that a new era of racism and neocolonialism was dawning, enlightened by the sign of women’s rights. Days after, when ‘war frenzy’ had already broken out, Sunera Thobani told a US conference on violence against women that a global upsurge in militarism would increase patriarchal violence everywhere, and that bombing Afghani women would not further their emancipation (see Thobani, 2002). 1 Paola Bacchetta, Tina Campt, Inderpal Grewal, Caren Kaplan, Minoo Moallem and Jennifer Terry, in their October 2001 statement ‘Transnational feminist practices against war’, urged us to critically examine the gendered tropes of the emerging war, with the rich tools that we already had, to ‘analyze the thoroughly gendered and racialized effects of nationalism’ (Baccheta et al., 2002: 302). In particular, they noted the ‘absence or co-optation of Muslim women as “victims” of violence or of “Islamic barbarism” ’, and the invitation to ‘women seen as “white” or “Western” ’ to present themselves ‘both as “rescuers” of non-Western women but also as evidence of the so-called “civilizing” efforts of Europe and North America’ (Baccheta et al., 2002: 306). Such rescue narratives, familiar from Spivak’s and other critiques of colonialism as ‘white men saving brown women from brown men’ (Spivak, 1999: 284–311), have, if anything, gained volume and speed. More and more problems have been amassed into their remit: from the unveiling spectacle which accompanied the invasion of Afghanistan, to the moral panics over forced marriages, honour killings and the ‘burqa’, which swiftly joined the existing archive of racialized deficiencies of people of colour, both ‘here’ and ‘there’ (besides work cited by authors in the collection of articles included in this special section of EJWS, see for example, Bhattacharyya, 2008; Fekete, 2006; Incite! , 2006; Razack, 2004; Riley et al., 2008; Wilson, 2007). 2 If these analyses of feminist complicities and convergences with the projects of racism, militarism and neocolonialism have partly succeeded in mobilizing critical counter-publics, most lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) and queer and sexualities studies and
SODIUM- AND CALCIUM-DEPENDENT MECHANISMS IN THE ACTION POTENTIAL OF THE SECRETORY EPITHELIUM OF A CLAM MANTLE

The secretory epithehum of the mantle of the clam Anomalocardia brasiliana is excitable. The ionic dependence of its action potentials was investigated. Two distinct phases could be recognized by their ionic dependences. The early spike phase, that appeared in all action potentials, was dependent on the Na+ concentration of the solution in the interstitial space and was insensitive to tetrodotoxin (TTX) at concentrations as high as 36μmol l−1. It was inhibited by local anesthetics, and its repolarization was inhibited by veratrine. The data show this electrogenesis is caused by TTX-insensitive sodium channels located at the basolateral membrane of this epithelium. Cardiac-like action potentials were recorded in several specimens: the rapid Na+-dependent spike was followed by a slower repolarization phase that formed a plateau and increased the action potential duration. The plateau amplitude was markedly increased when the external Ca2+ concentration was increased to (60 mmol l−1 and it was inhibited by the addition of inorganic calcium channel blockers such as Mn2+ and Cd2+. These observations suggest that inward Ca2+ currents cause the sustained depolarization during the plateau.
Using analogy to overcome misconceptions about conservation of matter

A new approach to change misconceptions of students is to build on ideas which match their students' existing intuitive knowledge. This can be done by analogy. The use of an analogical relation between the known and the unknown can help students learn new information and discard or modify misconceptions. Previous studies have confirmed this result in such areas as mathematics. The present study examined the use of analogical instruction to overcome misconceptions about conservation of matter. Students who understood the concept of conservation of matter when iodine was evaporated were able to transfer their understanding to the evaporation of acetone. This indicates that teaching by analogy can be an effective tool in science. The author is now studying the relative effectiveness of conflict training and learning by analogy.
Can Bankruptcy Codes Create Value? Evidence from Creditors' Recoveries in France, Germany, and the UK

The aim of this paper is to provide new evidence on the value-creation process taking place in bankruptcy procedures that belong to different legal systems (French civil law, German civil law, and common law): to do so, we assess to which extent the debtor’s value can be preserved under bankruptcy by analyzing the recovery rates in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. We use a unique European sample of 900 corporate bankruptcy files that were manually collected in commercial courts on the period 1993-2005. We also contribute to the literature by considering the recovery rates on the various classes of claimants (senior claims, junior claims, and new money) for each bankruptcy procedure. Our main conclusions are: (a) France and Germany show quite similar global recovery rates which are greater than in the UK, (b) when controlling for the quality of assets at the beginning of the procedure and for the structure of claims, we observe that recovery rates are not significantly different between France and the UK, while they remain greater for German companies, (c) Germany has the greatest recovery rates for senior and junior creditors, (d) the reorganization procedure and the liquidation procedure leading to the highest global recovery rate are, respectively, the French continuation and the German liquidation.
Effect of a Neuromuscular Training Program on the Kinetics and Kinematics of Jumping Tasks

Background Altered motor control strategies are a proposed cause of the female athlete's increased risk for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Injury prevention programs have shown promising results in decreasing the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Purpose To evaluate the effect of the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Modified Neuromuscular Training Program on the biomechanics of select jumping tasks in the female collegiate athlete. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Thirty female National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I soccer and basketball players performed vertical jump, hopping tests, and 2 jumping tasks (drop jump and stop jump). All subjects completed a 6-week neuromuscular training program with core strengthening and plyometric training. Three-dimensional motion analysis and force plate data were used to compare the kinetics and kinematics of jumping tasks before and after training. Results Dynamic knee valgus moment during the stance phase of stop jump tasks decreased after completion of the neuromuscular training program (P = .04), but differences were not observed for the drop jump. Initial knee flexion (P = .003) and maximum knee flexion (P = .006) angles increased during the stance phase of drop jumps after training, but differences were not observed for the stop jump. The athletes showed improved performance in vertical jump (P < .001), right 1-legged hop (P < .001), and left 1-legged hop(P<.001). Conclusion Completion of a 6-week neuromuscular training program improved select athletic performance measures and changed movement patterns during jumping tasks in the subject population. Clinical Relevance The use of this neuromuscular training program could potentially modify the collegiate athlete's motion strategies, improve performance, and lower the athlete's risk for injury.
Macroeconomic Policy Change: Ireland in Comparative Perspective

Abstract This paper sets out to develop an improved framework for examining critical junctures. This a priori framework is a significant improvement over existing critical juncture frameworks that lack any predictive element. It is an advance for historical institutionalism in particular, and political science in general. After the new framework is set out in detail here, it is tested. The framework is used to examine a number of potential critical junctures in macroeconomic policy, drawn from Ireland, Sweden, Britain, and America in the latter half of the twentieth century.
What's Driving the New Economy?: The Benefits of Workplace Innovation

Using a unique nationally representative sample of U.S. establishments surveyed in 1993 and 1996, we examine the relationship between workplace innovations and establishment productivity and wages. We match plant level practices with plant level productivity and wage outcomes and estimate production functions and wage equation using both cross sectional and longitudinal data. We find a positive and significant relationship between the proportion of non-managers using computers and productivity of establishments. We find that firms that re-engineer their workplaces to incorporate more high performance practices experience higher productivity. Profit sharing and/or stock options are also associated with increased productivity. In addition, we find that employee voice has a larger positive effect on productivity when it is done in the context of unionized establishments. When we examine the determinants of wages within these establishments, we find that re-engineering a workplace to incorporate more high performance practices leads to higher wages. However, increasing the usage of profit sharing or stock options results in lower regular pay for workers especially technical workers and clerical/sales workers. Finally, increasing the percentage of workers meeting regularly in groups has a larger positive effect on wages in unionized establishments.