Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Web-based recruitment in the Millennial generation: Work–life balance, website usability, and organizational attraction

In this digital era, traditional recruitment efforts have increasingly been supplemented with or replaced by recruiting applicants on the Web. Concurrently, organizations are increasingly adapting to younger individuals from the Millennial generation as they enter the workforce. We combine these salient issues to examine Web-based recruitment of the Millennial generation by assessing predictors of organizational attraction. Using a sample of Millennials (N = 493), we found that perceptions of both work–life balance and website usability incrementally predicted attraction, when controlling for perceptions of other organization characteristics. In addition, person–organization fit mediated these relationships. These findings speak to the importance of examining how aspects of Web-based recruitment influence Millennial applicants.
SPITZER 70/160 μm OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH-REDSHIFT ULIRGs AND HyLIRGs IN THE BOÖTES FIELD

We present new 70 and 160 μm observations of a sample of extremely red (R − [24] ≳ 15 mag), mid-infrared bright, high-redshift (1.7 ≲ z ≲ 2.8) galaxies. All targets detected in the far-infrared exhibit rising spectral energy distributions (SEDs) consistent with dust emission from obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and/or star-forming regions in luminous IR galaxies (LIRGs). We find that the SEDs of the high-redshift sources are more similar to canonical AGN-dominated local ultraluminous IR galaxies (ULIRGs) with significant warm dust components than to typical local star-forming ULIRGs. The inferred IR (8–1000 μm) bolometric luminosities are found to be Lbol ∼ 4 × 1012 L☉ to ∼3 × 1013 L☉ (ULIRGs/hyper-luminous IR galaxies (HyLIRGs)), representing the first robust constraints on Lbol for this class of object.
Effects of Melatonin on Liver Injuries and Diseases

Liver injuries and diseases are serious health problems worldwide. Various factors, such as chemical pollutants, drugs, and alcohol, could induce liver injuries. Liver diseases involve a wide range of liver pathologies, including hepatic steatosis, fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. Despite all the studies performed up to now, therapy choices for liver injuries and diseases are very few. Therefore, the search for a new treatment that could safely and effectively block or reverse liver injuries and diseases remains a priority. Melatonin is a well-known natural antioxidant, and has many bioactivities. There are numerous studies investigating the effects of melatonin on liver injuries and diseases, and melatonin could regulate various molecular pathways, such as inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and autophagy in different pathophysiological situations. Melatonin could be used for preventing and treating liver injuries and diseases. Herein, we conduct a review summarizing the potential roles of melatonin in liver injuries and diseases, paying special attention to the mechanisms of action.
The effect of a planet on the dust distribution in a 3D protoplanetary disk

Aims: We investigate the behaviour of dust in protoplanetary disks under the action of gas drag in the presence of a planet. Our goal is twofold: to determine the spatial distribution of dust depending on grain size and planet mass, and therefore to provide a framework for interpretation of coming observations and future studies of planetesimal growth. Method: We numerically model the evolution of dust in a protoplanetary disk using a two-fluid (gas + dust) Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) code, which is non-self-gravitating and locally isothermal. The code follows the three dimensional distribution of dust in a protoplanetary disk as it interacts with the gas via aerodynamic drag. In this work, we present the evolution of a minimum mass solar nebula (MMSN) disk comprising 1% dust by mass in the presence of an embedded planet. We run a series of simulations which vary the grain size and planetary mass to see how they affect the resulting disk structure. Results: We find that gap formation is much more rapid and striking in the dust layer than in the gaseous disk and that a system with a given stellar, disk and planetary mass will have a completely different appearance depending on the grain size. For low mass planets in our MMSN disk, a gap can open in the dust disk while not in the gas disk. We also note that dust accumulates at the external edge of the planetary gap and speculate that the presence of a planet in the disk may enhance the formation of a second planet by facilitating the growth of planetesimals in this high density region.
Bayesian Estimation of Turbulent Motion

Based on physical laws describing the multiscale structure of turbulent flows, this paper proposes a regularizer for fluid motion estimation from an image sequence. Regularization is achieved by imposing some scale invariance property between histograms of motion increments computed at different scales. By reformulating this problem from a Bayesian perspective, an algorithm is proposed to jointly estimate motion, regularization hyperparameters, and to select the most likely physical prior among a set of models. Hyperparameter and model inference are conducted by posterior maximization, obtained by marginalizing out non--Gaussian motion variables. The Bayesian estimator is assessed on several image sequences depicting synthetic and real turbulent fluid flows. Results obtained with the proposed approach exceed the state-of-the-art results in fluid flow estimation.
Chinese Cultural Beliefs about Adversity

The relationship between Hong Kong adolescents’ beliefs about adversity and their adjustment was studied using a scale measuring positive and negative Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity (N= 1519). Results showed that adolescents with stronger endorsement of positive Chinese beliefs (or weaker endorsement of negative Chinese beliefs) about adversity generally had better psychological well-being and school adjustment and less problem behaviour. Although adolescents’ degree of agreement with Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity was generally associated with adolescent adjustment, this relationship was stronger in adolescents with economic disadvantage than in adolescents without economic disadvantage.
Prompting Action: The Stand-Alone "So" in Ordinary Conversation

Coordinating social action with others entails (and is reflected in) members' knowing where they are in a course of action, from whom an action is due, what action is due, and the like. Although methods of turn taking and sequence organization provide primary resources for establishing a joint understanding of actions and events in conversation, the use of these methods can become complicated because any turn at talk can be understood to participate in and have relevance for units of organization beyond its immediate sequential context. When coparticipants find themselves "out of sync" regarding the import of a unit of talk, and these "first line" methods reveal a problem of understanding, participants can draw on ancillary methods, such as repair (Schegloff, Jefferson, & Sacks,1977; Schegloff, 1992b, 1997), and other practices for managing their difficulties. In this article, I describe one such practice-"the stand-alone 'so'"-that participants use to prompt action by a recipient. The stand-alone "so" is analyzed as a distinctive practice for interaction by examining the sequential environments in which it is produced, the range of contingencies it can be used to manage, and variations in the outcomes it aims for. I conclude the article by considering how the features of this practice are suited to the contingencies it is mobilized to manage and what this can tell us about the overlapping relevance of the organization turn taking, sequence organization, and the overall structural organization of conversation for understanding turns at talk.
School Response to a Changing Environment

Explores the relationship between schools and school systems on the one hand, and, on the other, the world or environment in which they are located. The typical presentation in the literature stresses the requirement for organizations to adapt to external pressures, and the key role of managers in that process. However, theoretical and empirical work casts doubt on both these assumptions. Raises questions as to what is meant by the environment of an organization, about how organizations come to pay attention to some external pressures rather than others, about the kinds of responses organizations make, and about the role administrators play in the process. Concludes with suggestions for further research in the area.
Distinct Roles for Eye and Head Movements in Selecting Salient Image Parts during Natural Exploration

Humans adjust gaze by eye, head, and body movements. Certain stimulus properties are therefore elevated at the gaze center, but the relative contribution of eye‐in‐head and head‐in‐world movements to this selection process is unknown. Gaze‐ and head‐centered videos recorded with a wearable device (EyeSeeCam) during free exploration are reanalyzed with respect to responses of a face‐detection algorithm. In line with results on low‐level features, it was found that face detections are centered near the center of gaze. By comparing environments with few and many true faces, it was inferred that actual faces are centered by eye and head movements, whereas spurious face detections (“hallucinated faces”) are primarily centered by head movements alone. This analysis suggests distinct contributions to gaze allocation: head‐in‐world movements induce a coarse bias in the distribution of features, which eye‐in‐head movements refine.
Another ANN model for the Miyashita experiments

Abstract The Miyashita experiments are very interesting and the results should be examined from a viewpoint of attractor dynamics. Amit's target article shows a path toward realistic modeling by artificial neural networks (ANN), but it is not necessarily the only one. I introduce another model that can explain a substantial part of the empirical observations and makes an interesting prediction. This model consists of such units that have nonmonotonic input-output characteristics with local inhibition neurons.
Elements of a Theory of Place Attachment and Socio-Territorial Belonging

The aim of this paper is to furnish elements both theoretical and empirical useful for the formulation of a theory of place attachment and socio-territorial belonging, two dimensions that are analytically distinct but empirically co-present and interrelated. After delineating a frame of reference which accounts for the distinction and interrelation between place attachment and socio-territorial belonging, the structure of social belonging, of socio-territorial belonging and its relations with other components of human action, and of dynamics of socio-territorial belonging, consideration is made of results from surveys conducted in diverse geographical and social contexts, comparing them with those of surveys carried out in Italy in recent years (1985–2000).
A cross-cultural study on meaning and the nature of children's experiences in Australian and French swimming clubs

This article reports on a study conducted in Australia and France that inquired into the meaning and the nature of children's experiences of being in swimming clubs with a focus on the positive aspects of membership that keep them in their clubs. Three-month long case studies were conducted in a club in Australia and in a club in France, employing Lave and Wenger's (1991) analytic concepts of communities of practice and situated learning. Conducting case studies within two different socio-cultural settings allowed for the identification of common themes that transcend very different institutional and cultural settings while highlighting contextual factors and the situated nature of learning.
On Acoustic-Noise-Reduction Control Using Random Switching Technique for Switch-Mode Rectifiers in PMSM Drive

This paper presents an acoustic-noise-reduction control using a random switching technique for front-end switch-mode rectifiers (SMRs) of a permanent-magnet synchronous-motor (PMSM) drive. First, the PMSM drive and its front-end ac-switch-based SMR are established. The proper controls are conducted to let the motor drive possess good driving characteristics. In the acoustic-noise-reduction control for a low-frequency SMR under a voltage closed-loop control, the important audible vibration modes of the SMR inductor are first identified from the measurements. Then, the controls for eliminating one specific vibration mode and two vibration modes simultaneously via deterministic and stochastic approaches are studied. Specifically, a novel random three-stage excitation scheme is devised. As to the high-frequency SMRs, the random switching frequency ramp-comparison current-controlled pulse-width modulation (CCPWM) scheme and the randomly varying band hysteresis CCPWM scheme are developed. Theoretical bases of all the proposed control approaches are derived, and their comparative performances are evaluated experimentally.
Treatment Patterns and Antipsychotic Medication Adherence Among Commercially Insured Patients With Schizoaffective Disorder in the United States

Abstract This study assessed real-world treatment patterns and antipsychotic (AP) medication adherence among commercially insured US patients with schizoaffective disorder (SCA). Continuously insured adults aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of SCA from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, were identified from the Clinformatics Data Mart database. Patients were categorized into 2 cohorts: incident or prevalent SCA. Demographics and clinical characteristics were evaluated during the baseline period. Use of psychiatric medications and adherence to AP medications were evaluated during a 12-month follow-up period after index diagnosis of SCA. Of the overall study population (N = 2713; mean age, 40.2 y; 52.7% female), 1961 patients (72.3%) (mean age, 38.7 y; 51.3% female) had incident SCA, and 752 patients (27.7%) (mean age, 43.9 y; 56.5% female) had prevalent SCA. Antipsychotics were used by 74.8% of patients in the overall study population during the follow-up period. The most commonly prescribed oral AP was risperidone (23.9%), followed by quetiapine (21.4%) and aripiprazole (20.4%). Use of any long-acting injectable APs in the overall study population during the follow-up period was less than 3%. A total of 49.0% and 38.0% of the overall study population had medication possession ratios and proportion of days covered for APs of 80% or greater, respectively. Overall use of long-acting injectable APs for the treatment of SCA is low, and adherence to AP medications, measured by both medication possession ratio and proportion of days covered, is suboptimal among patients with SCA in the real-world setting.
Honokiol inhibits arterial thrombosis through endothelial cell protection and stimulation of prostacyclin

AbstractAim:To study the effect of honokiol on arterial thrombosis and endothelial cells.Methods:Rabbit platelet aggregation was performed with Born's turbid method. Thrombosis was produced by the endothelial injury stimulated with electric current. Rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC) were cultured and cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in serum-free media of RAEC were determined using the kinetic cadmium-reduction method. The stable metabolite prostacyclin was measured in serum-free media of RAEC by radioimmunoassay.Results:Honokiol (37.6–376 μmol/L) decreased rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner, while intravenously injection of honokiol (0.12–12 μg/kg) significantly inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen ex vivo. In the electrical current-stimulated carotid thrombosis model in rats, honokiol (5–50 μg/kg, iv) prolonged the thrombus occlusion time in a does-dependent manner. In vitro honokiol (0.376–37.6 μmol/L) effectively protected cultured RAEC against oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) injury, and significantly increased 6-keto-PGF1α (the stable metabolite of prostacyclin) in serum-free media of RAEC. Honokiol also increased NO level in RAEC serum-free medium at a lower concentration range (0.0376–0.376 μmol/L), but honokiol 3.76 μmol/L decreased NO level.Conclusion:Honokiol is a potent arterial thrombosis inhibitor. Endothelial cell protection and the stimulation of prostacyclin release may be its main anti-thrombosis mechanism. Stimulation of NO release in endothelial cells may play a role, but it is not a key factor.
Solidus: An Incentive-compatible Cryptocurrency Based on Permissionless Byzantine Consensus

The decentralized cryptocurrency Bitcoin has experienced great success but also encountered many challenges. One of the challenges has been the long confirmation time and low transaction throughput. Another challenge is the lack of incentives at certain steps of the protocol, raising concerns for transaction withholding, selfish mining, etc. To address these challenges, we propose Solidus, a decentralized cryptocurrency based on permissionless Byzantine consensus. A core technique in Solidus is to use proof of work for leader election to adapt the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) protocol to a permissionless setting. We also design Solidus to be incentive compatible and to mitigate selfish mining. Solidus improves on Bitcoin in confirmation time and provides safety and liveness assuming Byzantine players and the largest coalition of rational players collectively control less than one-third of the computation power.
Visual Servoing for Nonholonomically Constrained Three Degree of Freedom Kinematic Systems

This paper addresses problems of robot navigation with nonholonomic motion constraints and perceptual cues arising from onboard visual servoing in partially engineered environments. A general hybrid procedure is proposed that adapts to the constrained motion setting the standard feedback controller arising from a navigation function in the fully actuated case. This is accomplished by switching back and forth between moving “down” and “across” the associated gradient field toward the stable manifold it induces in the constrained dynamics. Guaranteed to avoid obstacles in all cases, conditions are provided under which the new procedure brings initial configurations to within an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the goal. Simulation results are given for a sample of visual servoing problems with a few different perceptual models. The empirical effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is documented by reporting results of its application to outdoor autonomous visual registration experiments with the robot RHex guided by engineered beacons.
The Gut Microbiome Feelings of the Brain: A Perspective for Non-Microbiologists

Objectives: To comprehensively review the scientific knowledge on the gut–brain axis. Methods: Various publications on the gut–brain axis, until 31 July 2017, were screened using the Medline, Google, and Cochrane Library databases. The search was performed using the following keywords: “gut-brain axis”, “gut-microbiota-brain axis”, “nutrition microbiome/microbiota”, “enteric nervous system”, “enteric glial cells/network”, “gut-brain pathways”, “microbiome immune system”, “microbiome neuroendocrine system” and “intestinal/gut/enteric neuropeptides”. Relevant articles were selected and reviewed. Results: Tremendous progress has been made in exploring the interactions between nutrients, the microbiome, and the intestinal, epithelium–enteric nervous, endocrine and immune systems and the brain. The basis of the gut–brain axis comprises of an array of multichannel sensing and trafficking pathways that are suggested to convey the enteric signals to the brain. These are mediated by neuroanatomy (represented by the vagal and spinal afferent neurons), the neuroendocrine–hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis (represented by the gut hormones), immune routes (represented by multiple cytokines), microbially-derived neurotransmitters, and finally the gate keepers of the intestinal and brain barriers. Their mutual and harmonious but intricate interaction is essential for human life and brain performance. However, a failure in the interaction leads to a number of inflammatory-, autoimmune-, neurodegenerative-, metabolic-, mood-, behavioral-, cognitive-, autism-spectrum-, stress- and pain-related disorders. The limited availability of information on the mechanisms, pathways and cause-and-effect relationships hinders us from translating and implementing the knowledge from the bench to the clinic. Implications: Further understanding of this intricate field might potentially shed light on novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to combat these disorders. Nutritional approaches, microbiome manipulations, enteric and brain barrier reinforcement and sensing and trafficking modulation might improve physical and mental health outcomes.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE U.S. MILITARY CHAPLAINCY: A MINISTRY OF PRESENCE AND PRACTICE

Abstract The U.S. military chaplaincy is the embodiment of interfaith structure and pluralistic cooperation, and it serves as a strong front line defense of freedom of religion. Important facets of the U.S. military chaplaincy include its historical development, its dynamic tension between the “establishment clause” and the “free exercise” clause, chaplain roles and responsibilities, and organizational oversight of the chaplaincy. The newest version of the Joint Publication 1–05 of the Joint Staff Chief of Chaplains will provide doctrinal guidance for religious support of joint military operations and specific guidance for chaplains advising commanders about religious factors in operational areas.
Are drinkers implicitly positive about drinking alcohol? Personalizing the alcohol-IAT to reduce negative extrapersonal contamination.

AIMS The advent of indirect measures, such as the Implicit Association test (IAT), has stimulated interest in implicit cognitions that may automatically steer addictive behaviours such as alcohol abuse. Counter-intuitively, recent IAT research has demonstrated that alcohol is implicitly associated with negative valence, regardless of the level of alcohol consumption. However, because the IAT is susceptible to extrapersonal contamination, this study examined whether previous findings reflect contamination of IAT effects by negative extrapersonal knowledge rather than personal associations with alcohol. METHODS Implicit alcohol associations were measured with a personalized alcohol-IAT, designed to reduce extrapersonal contamination. Whether alcohol associations measured with the personalized IAT would predict drinking behaviour above the variance explained by self-reported alcohol-related expectancies and attitude was examined. RESULTS In contrast to previous findings with the IAT, the personalized IAT yielded positive associations. Moreover, positive alcohol associations predicted drinking behaviour above self-reported alcohol expectancies and attitudes, demonstrating the incremental validity of the personalized IAT. CONCLUSIONS The present findings support the hypothesis that previous findings with the alcohol-IAT at least partly reflect negative extrapersonal alcohol-related knowledge, and that implicit alcohol associations are positive rather than negative.