Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Organizational Culture and Intercultural Communication Practices in a Teaching Hospital

As the population in the United States becomes more diverse, communities are increasingly experiencing disparities in health care quality that follow racial and ethnic lines. It has been documented that improving health care providers’ intercultural communication is one way to help reduce these health disparities. This study investigated the intercultural communication practices of employees at a large teaching hospital in the Southwest that is actively working to reduce health disparities in its community. Recognizing the influence of organizational culture on communication in a workplace, this study looked not only at communication practices, but also at organizational culture and at diversity training as an artifact of organizational culture. This study used the intercultural praxis framework as a theoretical foundation and investigated the utility of the framework in this organizational setting. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used to explore employees’ intercultural communication practices. Hospital texts including website text, newsletters, and diversity training materials were analyzed to determine whether the hospital’s organizational culture supported intercultural communication practices. A
Cooperative Transportation Scheduling: An Application Domain for DAI

A multiagent approach to designing the transportation domain is presented The Mars system is described which models cooperative order scheduling within a society of shipping companies We argue why Distributed Arti cial Intelligence DAI o ers suitable tools to deal with the hard problems in this domain We present three important instances for DAI techniques that proved useful in the transportation application cooperation among the agents task decomposition and task allocation and decentralised planning An extension of the contract net protocol for task decomposition and task al location is presented we show that it can be used to obtain good initial solu tions for complex resource allocation problems By introducing global information based upon auction protocols this initial solution can be improved signi cantly We demonstrate that the auction mechanism used for schedule optimisation can also be used for implementing dynamic replanning Experimental results are provided evaluating the performance of di erent scheduling strategies email fkuf jpm pischelg dfki uni sb de
A Bayesian approach to determining connectivity of the human brain

Recent work regarding the analysis of brain imaging data has focused on examining functional and effective connectivity of the brain. We develop a novel descriptive and inferential method to analyze the connectivity of the human brain using functional MRI (fMRI). We assess the relationship between pairs of distinct brain regions by comparing expected joint and marginal probabilities of elevated activity of voxel pairs through a Bayesian paradigm, which allows for the incorporation of previously known anatomical and functional information. We define the relationship between two distinct brain regions by measures of functional connectivity and ascendancy. After assessing the relationship between all pairs of brain voxels, we are able to construct hierarchical functional networks from any given brain region and assess significant functional connectivity and ascendancy in these networks. We illustrate the use of our connectivity analysis using data from an fMRI study of social cooperation among women who played an iterated “Prisoner's Dilemma” game. Our analysis reveals a functional network that includes the amygdala, anterior insula cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex, and another network that includes the ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior insula. Our method can be used to develop causal brain networks for use with structural equation modeling and dynamic causal models. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The South revisited: The division of labor and family outcomes in Italy and Spain

Social provisions and market services assist families in balancing production and reproduction, so that women´s employment need not be associated with lower fertility. Yet men´s participation in childcare has not kept pace with women´s rising labor force participation. Here, the effect of men´s childcare hours on the likelihood of second births is analyzed for Italian and Spanish couples using the European Community Household Panel. While different sources of care, such as another household adult and private childcare, significantly increase the odds of second births, so, too, among the youngest cohort of Italian couples, does a father´s greater time in childcare. This suggests that even in a country with strong cultural support for the male breadwinner model, this model is family sub-optimal in modern economies.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Burger Et Al. / Fleeting Attraction and Compliance the Effect of Fleeting Attraction on Compliance to Requests

Three studies examined the effects of fleeting attraction on compliance to a request. Participants in Study 1 who either spoke with a confederate for a few minutes or sat quietly in a room with the confederate were more likely to agree to a request from the confederate than were participants not exposed to these manipulations. Findings from Study 2 replicated the mere exposure effect and argue against alternative interpretations based on priming and mood. Study 3 participants were more likely to agree with a request when led to believe the requester was similar to themselves. The findings support the notion of automatic responding to requests, with individuals reacting to fleeting feelings of attraction as if dealing with friends and long-term acquaintances. Investigatorsfindsupportforthecommonsensenotion that we are more likely to go along with requests from friends than with those from strangers children selling fund-raising candy, coworkers recruiting volunteers to organize an event, and relatives who invite us to Tupperware parties have an advantage over unfamiliar sellers and unacquainted solicitors making the same requests. But why do we agree to requests from friends more often than when approached by a stranger? Several explanations for this effect can be advanced. First, it is pleasing to do nice things for those we care about. Studies find that agreeing to small requests from friends creates positive feelings (Williamson & Clark, 1992), whereas refusing these requests leads to negative affect and might even endanger the relationship (Williamson, Clark, Pegalis, & Behan, 1996). These reactions are especially likely in what Clark and Mills (1979) refer to as " communal " relationships, in which individuals are concerned about the needs of the other person. We are more likely to help people with whom we feel a communal relationship than those for whom we have a less intimate relationship (Clark et al., 1987). Another reason we comply with requests from friends is that we may anticipate future exchanges with these people (Frenzen & Davis, 1990). Most people in our society abide by the norm of reciprocity (Gouldner, 1960). This social rule maintains, among other things, that favors must be returned. Thus, we may comply with a request from a friend with the understanding that, when needed, we can count on that friend to help us. Finally, it also is possible that the tendency to help friends is influenced by our evolutionary heritage (Caporael, 1997). Evolutionary theorists argue that members of …
The Dividend Ratio Model and Small Sample Bias: a Monte Carlo Study

Small sample properties of parameter estimates and test statistics in the vector autoregressive dividend ratio model (Campbell and Shiller [1988 a,b]) are derived by stochastic simulation. The data generating processes are co integrated vector autoregressive models, estimated subject to restrictions implied by the dividend ratio model, or altered to show a unit root.
Ground Wave Propagation Along an Inhomogeneous Rough Surface in the HF Band: Millington Effect for a Flat Earth

In this paper, for a vertically polarized line source in the high-frequency band (3-30 MHz), a detailed analysis of the ground wave propagation over 1-D highly conducting inhomogeneous (presence of island) smooth and rough surfaces is addressed from two methods: 1) the analytical solution of Bremmer (see also Wait), which assumes that the receiver, emitter, and island heights are zeros and that the surface is composed of three smooth paths of different permittivities, and 2) the efficient rigorous banded matrix iterative approach/canonical grid (BMIA-CAG) method, which is based on the method of moments and is updated to validate the analytical solution of Bremmer. In addition, from the works of Barrick, the sea surface roughness is included in the Bremmer formulation and tested from the BMIA-CAG by considering a surface composed of sea-land-sea mixed paths. The comparisons show a good agreement between the updated BMIA-CAG (reference method) and the Bremmer analytical formulation combined with the works of Barrick. The Earth curvature is neglected.
Social networking : the essence of innovation

Part 1 1 Social Networking: Developing Personal Knowledge Networks Part 2 2 Linking Social Networking to Innovation Part 3 3 Strategic Intelligence: The Synergy of Knowledge Management, Business Intelligence, and Competitive Intelligence Part 4 4 Social Network Analysis: An Introduction Part 5 5 Using Social Network Analysis in ORG: A Case Study Part 6 6 Knowledge Mapping Using Social Network Analysis Part 7 7 Applying Social Networking for Organizations Part 8 8 Social Network Analysis for Cross-Generational Knowledge Flows Part 9 9 A Glimpse beyond Social Networking Part 10 Appendix: Securities and Exchange Commission: Some Progress Made on Strategic Human Capital Management Part 11 References Part 12 Index Part 13 About the Author
Counterparty risk valuation for CDS

The valuation of counterparty risk for single name credit derivatives requires the computa- tion of joint distributions of default times of two default-prone entities. For a Merton-type model, we derive some formulas for these joint distribu- tions. As an application, closed formulas for counterparty risk on a CDS or for a first-to-default swap on two underlyings are obtained.
A Multiple Cause Mixture Model for Unsupervised Learning

This paper presents a formulation for unsupervised learning of clusters reflecting multiple causal structure in binary data. Unlike the hard k-means clustering algorithm and the soft mixture model, each of which assumes that a single hidden event generates each data point, a multiple cause model accounts for observed data by combining assertions from many hidden causes, each of which can pertain to varying degree to any subset of the observable dimensions. We employ an objective function and iterative gradient descent learning algorithm resembling the conventional mixture model. A crucial issue is the mixing function for combining beliefs from different cluster centers in order to generate data predictions whose errors are minimized both during recognition and learning. The mixing function constitutes a prior assumption about underlying structural regularities of the data domain; we demonstrate a weakness inherent to the popular weighted sum followed by sigmoid squashing, and offer alternative forms of the nonlinearity for two types of data domain. Results are presented demonstrating the algorithm's ability successfully to discover coherent multiple causal representations in several experimental data sets.
The Ellipticity of the Disks of Spiral Galaxies

The disks of spiral galaxies are generally elliptical rather than circular. The distribution of ellipticities can be fitted with a lognormal distribution. For a sample of 12,764 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 1 (SDSS DR1), the distribution of apparent axis ratios in the i band is best fit by a lognormal distribution of intrinsic ellipticities with ln ϵ = -1.85 ± 0.89. For a sample of nearly face-on spiral galaxies analyzed by Andersen & Bershady using both photometric and spectroscopic data, the best-fitting distribution of ellipticities has ln ϵ = -2.29 ± 1.04. Given the small size of the Andersen & Bershady sample, the two distributions are not necessarily inconsistent with each other. If the ellipticity of the potential were equal to that of the light distribution of the SDSS DR1 galaxies, it would produce 1.0 mag of scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation, greater than is observed. The Andersen & Bershady results, however, are consistent with a scatter as small as 0.25 mag in the Tully-Fisher relation.
Retrieval of stratospheric and tropospheric BrO profiles and columns using ground-based zenith-sky DOAS observations at Harestua, 60° N

A profiling algorithm based on the optimal estimation method is applied to ground-based zenith-sky UV-visible measurements from Harestua, Southern Norway (60° N, 11° E) in order to retrieve BrO vertical profiles. The sensitivity of the zenith-sky observations to the tropospheric BrO detection is increased by using for the spectral analysis a fixed reference spectrum corresponding to clear-sky noon summer conditions. The information content and retrieval errors are characterized and it is shown that the retrieved stratospheric profiles and total columns are consistent with correlative balloon and satellite observations, respectively. Tropospheric BrO columns are derived from profiles retrieved at 80° solar zenith angle during sunrise and sunset for the 2000–2006 period. They show a marked seasonality with mean column value ranging from 1.52±0.62×10 13 molec/cm² in late winter/early spring to 0.92±0.38×10 13 molec/cm² in summer, which corresponds to 1.0±0.4 and 0.6±0.2 pptv, respectively, if we assume that BrO is uniformly mixed in the troposphere. These column values are also consistent with previous estimates made from balloon, satellite, and other ground-based observations. Daytime (10:30 LT) tropospheric BrO columns are compared to the p -TOMCAT 3-D tropospheric chemical transport model (CTM) for the 2002–2003 period. p -TOMCAT shows a good agreement with the retrieved columns except in late winter/early spring where an underestimation by the model is obtained. This finding could be explained by the non-inclusion of sea-ice bromine sources in the current version of p -TOMCAT. Therefore the model cannot reproduce the possible transport of air-masses with enhanced BrO concentration due to bromine explosion events from the polar region to Harestua. The daytime stratospheric BrO columns are compared to the SLIMCAT stratospheric 3-D-CTM. The model run used in this study, which assumes 21.2 pptv for the Br y loading (15 pptv for long-lived bromine species and additional 6 pptv for very short-lived species (VSLS) added by a scaling of CH 3 Br), significantly underestimates the retrieved BrO columns. A sensitivity study shows that a good agreement can only be obtained if 6 to 8 pptv accounting for VSLS are added directly (and not by a scaling of CH 3 Br) to the SLIMCAT long-lived bromine species profile. This contribution of the VSLS to the total bromine loading is also consistent with recently published studies.
Simulation of Many-Body Fermi Systems on a Universal Quantum Computer

We provide fast algorithms for simulating many body Fermi systems on a universal quantum computer. Both first and second quantized descriptions are considered, and the relative computational complexities are determined in each case. In order to accommodate fermions using a first quantized Hamiltonian, an efficient quantum algorithm for anti-symmetrization is given. Finally, a simulation of the Hubbard model is discussed in detail.
Regulation of Septum Formation by the Bud3–Rho4 GTPase Module in Aspergillus nidulans

The ability of fungi to generate polarized cells with a variety of shapes likely reflects precise temporal and spatial control over the formation of polarity axes. The bud site selection system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents the best-understood example of such a morphogenetic regulatory system. However, the extent to which this system is conserved in the highly polarized filamentous fungi remains unknown. Here, we describe the functional characterization and localization of the Aspergillus nidulans homolog of the axial bud site marker Bud3. Our results show that AnBud3 is not required for polarized hyphal growth per se, but is involved in septum formation. In particular, our genetic and biochemical evidence implicates AnBud3 as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the GTPase Rho4. Additional results suggest that the AnBud3–Rho4 module acts downstream of the septation initiation network to mediate recruitment of the formin SepA to the site of contractile actin ring assembly. Our observations provide new insight into the signaling pathways that regulate septum formation in filamentous fungi.
Effect of plyometric resistance and sprint training on acceleration speed flight time and jump height of male basketball players

105 Introduction In Basketball the ability to generate maximum strength levels in the shortest period of time (muscular power) has been considered as essential to obtain high sport performance level (Hedric, 1993). Moreover, strength training is part of basketball preseason programs with a background of related benefits that improve sports performance, reduce injury rate and provide higher motivation level for the athletes (NBCCA, 1997). Two methods, resistance and plyometric training are usually referred in the literature as improving the most powerful strength characteristics (explosive strength) in basketball players. Plyometrics is a type of exercise training designed to produce fast, powerful movements, and improve the functions the nervous system, generally for the purpose of improving performance in sports. Plyometric movements, in which a muscle is loaded and then contracted in rapid sequence, use the strength, elasticity and innervations of muscle and surrounding tissues to jump higher, run faster, throw further, or hit harder, depending on the desired training goal. Plyometrics is used to increase the speed or force of muscular contractions, providing explosiveness for a variety of sport-specific activities. Plyometrics are training techniques used by athletes and players in all types of sports to increase strength and explosiveness. Researchers have shown that plyometric training can contribute to the improvement in vertical jump performance, acceleration, leg strength, muscular power, increased joint awareness and overall Proprioception. Plyometric drills usually involve stopping, starting and changing direction in an explosive manner (Baechle et al., 2008). Speed and sprint is the ability to reach a high velocity of movement in whatever mode locomotion – running, cycling, skating, swimming etc. Another element of fitness closely related to International Journal for Life Sciences and Educational Research Vol.1(3), pp. 105 109, October 2013 Available online at http://www.ijlser. com E-ISSN : 2321-1229; P – ISSN : 2321-1180 Research Article
A statistical model for a land mobile satellite link

A statistical model for a land mobile satellite link is described. The model assumes that the amplitude of the line-of-sight component under foliage attenuation (shadowing) is lognormally distributed and the received multipath interference has a Rayleigh distribution. Expressions for the level crossing rate and average fade duration are given. Comparison between results calculated from the model and from measurements show reasonably good agreement. The model should be useful for designing communications systems and for simulating propagation effects in the laboratory.
Resistance to Fracture of Dental Roots Obturated with Different Materials

The aim of this study was to compare the vertical fracture resistance of roots obturated with different root canal filling materials and sealers. Crowns of 55 extracted mandibular premolar teeth were removed to provide root lengths of 13 mm. Five roots were saved as negative control group (canals unprepared and unfilled). Fifty root canals were instrumented and then five roots were saved as positive control group (canals prepared but unfilled). The remaining 45 roots were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 15 root/group) and obturated with the following procedures: in group 1, glass ionomer-based sealer and cone (ActiV GP obturation system); in group 2, bioceramic sealer and cone (EndoSequence BC obturation system); and in group 3, roots were filled with bioceramic sealer and cone (Smartpaste bio obturation system). All specimens were tested in a universal testing machine for measuring fracture resistance. For each root, the force at the time of fracture was recorded in Newtons. The statistical analysis was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc test. There were no significant differences between the three experimental groups. The fracture values of three experimental and negative control groups were significantly higher than the positive control group. Within the limitations of this study, all materials increased the fracture resistance of instrumented roots.
Membrane Potential Changes in Dendritic Spines during Action Potentials and Synaptic Input

Excitatory input onto many neurons in the brain occurs onto specialized projections called dendritic spines. Despite their potential importance in neuronal function, direct experimental evidence on electrical signaling in dendritic spines is lacking as their small size makes them inaccessible to standard electrophysiological techniques. Here, we investigate electrical signaling in dendritic spines using voltage-sensitive dye imaging in cortical pyramidal neurons during backpropagating action potentials and synaptic input. Backpropagating action potentials were found to fully invade dendritic spines without voltage loss. The voltage change in dendritic spines during synaptic input ranged from a few millivolts up to ∼20 mV. During hyperpolarization of the membrane potential, the amplitude of the synaptic voltage in spines was increased, consistent with the expected change resulting from the increased driving force. This observation suggests that voltage-activated channels do not significantly boost the voltage response in dendritic spines during synaptic input. Finally, we used simulations of our experimental observations in morphologically realistic models to estimate spine neck resistance. These simulations indicated that spine neck resistance ranges up to ∼500 MΩ. Spine neck resistances of this magnitude reduce somatic EPSPs by <15%, indicating that the spine neck is unlikely to act as a physical device to significantly modify synaptic strength.
Wing Aerodynamic Performance Analysis and Stall Prediction Using CANICE 2 DNS Icing Code

The paper presents results of iced airfoil performance in comparison to experimental data using a newly developed CFD based twodimensional ice accretion and anti-icing simulation code, CANICE2D-NS. In CANICE2D-NS, a Serial Multi-Block (SMB) Navier-Stokes CFD code has been coupled with the CANICE2D panel/boundary-layer method based icing code. The new coupling is being used for the flow analysis and performance prediction of iced airfoils. Results reinforce the benefits and the robustness of CFD based CANICE2D-NS icing code in predicting ice shapes, aerodynamic performance parameters such as lift and drag coefficients as well as iced airfoil surface pressure coefficient distribution. The results show good agreement with experimental data both in terms of predicted ice shapes as well as aerodynamic analysis of predicted and experimental ice shapes.