Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensionality Control of Electronic Phase Transitions in Nickel-Oxide Superlattices

The structure of metal-oxide superlattices is used to control the electronic order of the system. The competition between collective quantum phases in materials with strongly correlated electrons depends sensitively on the dimensionality of the electron system, which is difficult to control by standard solid-state chemistry. We have fabricated superlattices of the paramagnetic metal lanthanum nickelate (LaNiO3) and the wide-gap insulator lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3) with atomically precise layer sequences. We used optical ellipsometry and low-energy muon spin rotation to show that superlattices with LaNiO3 as thin as two unit cells undergo a sequence of collective metal-insulator and antiferromagnetic transitions as a function of decreasing temperature, whereas samples with thicker LaNiO3 layers remain metallic and paramagnetic at all temperatures. Metal-oxide superlattices thus allow control of the dimensionality and collective phase behavior of correlated-electron systems.
‘Accept the change and enjoy the range’: applications of the Circles of Change methodology with professionals who support early childhood educators

Inclusion Support Facilitators support Early Childhood Education and Care centres in Australia to provide an inclusive environment for the children they serve. To date no research has examined the causes of job stress faced by these professionals. Similarly, no research has explored how interventions aimed at supporting Inclusion Support Facilitators’ practice may impact their work. This research explored how the first of a set of critical reflection workshops instructing on the use of the Circles of Change methodology impacted the practice of Inclusion Support Facilitators. The research was undertaken in two stages. The first stage involved collecting baseline data to investigate current levels of job stress amongst Inclusion Support Facilitators. The second stage involved gathering qualitative data to explore the opinions of professionals about how such stresses might be changed following an initial critical reflection workshop. Findings from this research suggest that job demands may be a potential cause of stress for Inclusion Support Facilitators. Findings also suggest that the Circles of Change methodology may be helpful in encouraging personal reflection, communication and transformational change amongst professionals who support those working in childcare. Such notions are critical to how professionals manage both job stress and workplace change.
Price Momentum and Trading Volume

This study shows that past trading volume provides an important link between “momentum” and “value” strategies. Specifically, we find that firms with high ~low! past turnover ratios exhibit many glamour ~value! characteristics, earn lower ~higher! future returns, and have consistently more negative ~positive! earnings surprises over the next eight quarters. Past trading volume also predicts both the magnitude and persistence of price momentum. Specifically, price momentum effects reverse over the next five years, and high ~low! volume winners ~losers! experience faster reversals. Collectively, our findings show that past volume helps to reconcile intermediate-horizon “underreaction” and long-horizon “overreaction” effects. FINANCIAL ACADEMICS AND PRACTITIONERS have long recognized that past trading volume may provide valuable information about a security. However, there is little agreement on how volume information should be handled and interpreted. Even less is known about how past trading volume interacts with past returns in the prediction of future stock returns. Stock returns and trading volume are jointly determined by the same market dynamics, and are inextricably linked in theory ~e.g., Blume, Easley, and O’Hara ~1994! Yet prior empirical studies have generally accorded them separate treatment. In this study, we investigate the usefulness of trading volume in predicting cross-sectional returns for various price momentum portfolios. The study is organized into two parts. In the first part, we document the interaction between past returns and past trading volume in predicting future returns
A Japan-U.S. Comparison of Apology Styles

This article compares U.S. and Japanese styles of apology. 200 U.S. and 181 Japanese college students were asked to construct messages indicating what the offender would say in response to potentially offending situations. The messages were deconstructed into minimal meaningful segments and were coded to indicate the apology strategies used. Members of both cultures reported that the offender would be more likely to respond than not. Beyond these basic norms of apology shared by the two cultures, cultural differences emerged in the use of various apology strategies. More U.S. than Japanese participants included accounts in their messages, whereas Japanese participants were more likely than U.S. participants to employ strategies such as statements of remorse, reparation, compensation, promise not to repeat the same offense, and requests for forgiveness. Given these findings, this study questions some of the presuppositions previously held regarding U.S. and Japanese communicative patterns.
Stress, coping, and crisis support in eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE Recent research has supported the role of stress in the development and maintenance of eating disorders. However, coping and crisis support, important aspects of this stress process, have received little systematic attention. The cognitive-transactional approach to coping emphasizes the importance of the relationship between the individual and the particular problematic situation and yet most studies investigating coping in eating disorders have failed to measure situation-specific coping. METHOD The present study used semistructured interviews to measure coping and crisis support in response to severe events and/or marked difficulties in 12 women with anorexia nervosa (AN), 21 women with bulimia nervosa (BN), and 21 women without an eating disorder (non-ED). RESULTS Women with eating disorders were more likely to use cognitive avoidance or cognitive rumination and were less likely to downplay their problems. In addition, BN subjects were more likely to blame themselves and were less likely to receive crisis support from a core-tie. Overall, women with eating disorders were less likely to be masterful in response to crises than women without eating disorders. DISCUSSION It is concluded that women with eating disorders are less effective in their coping than women without eating disorders.
The Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrhogenic Bacterial Species in Surface Waters, South Eastern Nigeria

Background This study assessed the bacteriological qualities of surface waters in Afikpo, between April and September 2016. Methods Surface water samples were collected from three streams for bacteriological analysis. Bacteria species were isolated using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility study was carried out using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results The result of the mean heterotrophic bacteria count from the streams showed that Okpu stream had 209.5CFU/100 mL, Ohino Ngodo 162.5 CFU/100mL, and Ngwogo stream 162.0 CFU/100mL respectively. Out of the twenty-six (26) isolates obtained, E. coli and Staphylococcus species had the highest percentage occurrence (23.1%) respectively. Klebsiella, Shigella and Enterobacter sp had (11.5%) each, Pseudomonas spp (7.7%), while Salmonella and Streptococcus sp had the least percentage occurrence of (3.8%). The antibiotic susceptibility studies showed that large proportions of isolates were resistant to sulphamethaxoid (SUL), cephalothin (CEP), tetracycline (TET), penicillin G (PEN), oxytetracycline (OXY), cefotaxime (CEF), nalidixic acid (NAL) and cefuroxime sodium (CXM). The most effective antibiotic was azithromycin followed by imipenem. Conclusion The presence of these multi-drug resistant strains in water samples could facilitate transmission of antibiotic resistance. This emphasizes the need for proper treatment of water in the study area.
Structural Regularities in Text-based Entity Vector Spaces

Entity retrieval is the task of finding entities such as people or products in response to a query, based solely on the textual documents they are associated with. Recent semantic entity retrieval algorithms represent queries and experts in finite-dimensional vector spaces, where both are constructed from text sequences. We investigate entity vector spaces and the degree to which they capture structural regularities. Such vector spaces are constructed in an unsupervised manner without explicit information about structural aspects. For concreteness, we address these questions for a specific type of entity: experts in the context of expert finding. We discover how clusterings of experts correspond to committees in organizations, the ability of expert representations to encode the co-author graph, and the degree to which they encode academic rank. We compare latent, continuous representations created using methods based on distributional semantics (LSI), topic models (LDA) and neural networks (word2vec, doc2vec, SERT). Vector spaces created using neural methods, such as doc2vec and SERT, systematically perform better at clustering than LSI, LDA and word2vec. When it comes to encoding entity relations, SERT performs best.
Social cynicism and job satisfaction: A longitudinal analysis

Social cynicism, a negative view about people and social institutions, was found to show a negative correlation with job satisfaction across societies. A preliminary study in Hong Kong showed that social cynicism and job satisfaction correlated negatively across individuals as well. To confirm the causal effect of social cynicism on job satisfaction, a longitudinal study in Shanghai, China, with three waves of surveys, was conducted. Results showed that social cynicism correlated negatively with job satisfaction measured concurrently, and was predictive of job satisfaction measured subsequently. Consistent with the buffering hypothesis, perceived well-being was a significant moderator in that the negative relationship between social cynicism and job satisfaction was significant only when perceived well-being was low. On s'est apercu que le cynisme social (une vision negative des gens et des institutions sociales) entretenait une correlation negative avec la satisfaction professionnelle quelle que soit la societe. Une etude preliminaire a Hong-Kong a montre que le cynisme social et la satisfaction professionnelle presentaient egalement une correlation negative au niveau de l'individu. Dans le but de confirmer le statut causal du cynisme social sur la satisfaction professionnelle, on a mene une etude longitudinale en Chine, a Shanghai, avec trois enquetes successives. Les resultats montrent que le cynisme social est negativement reliea la satisfaction professionnelle mesuree au meme moment et predit la satisfaction professionnelle mesuree ulterieurement. En accord avec l'hypothese portant sur la resistance aux aleas de l'existence, le bien-etre percu est un moderateur actif dans la mesure ou la relation negative entre le cynisme social et la satisfaction professionnelle n'est significative que lorsque le bien-etre percu est mediocre.
On the asymptotic behavior of end-point-based multicast streaming

In this paper we propose an analytical model of a resilient, tree-based end-node multicast streaming architecture that employs path diversity and forward error correction for improved resilience to node churns and packet losses. We show that this architecture can distribute data to nodes arbitrarily far away from the root of the trees as long as the loss probability is lower than a certain threshold, but the probability of packet reception suddenly drops to zero once this threshold is exceeded. The value of the threshold depends on the ratio of redundancy and on the number of the distribution trees
Toward understanding the problem in severely disabled readers Part 1: Vowel errors

ABSTRACT This experiment examined the vowel responses of severely disabled readers and normal control children in reading orthographically regular nonwords. The disabled readers were divided into three groups based on their relative Verbal and Performance IQs. Following the rationale of Fowler, Shankweiler, and Liberman (1979), vowel responses were classified as incorrect or correct. Correctness was determined according to either context-free or context-dependent criteria. The main finding was that the vowel responses of two out of three reading disabled groups paralleled those of their reading level peers. However, disabled readers with higher Performance than Verbal IQs made significantly more context-free responses and significantly fewer context-dependent responses than all other groups. Moreover, knowledge of how speech is segmented at the phonemic level predicted performance on the reading task. The findings suggest that disabled readers employ very local (context-independent) strategies in reading; these findings are discussed in terms of the idea that disabled readers suffer a basic deficit in phonological processing (Liberman, Liberman, & Mattingly, 1980) or linguistic processing (Siegel & Ryan, 1984).
THE TRANSITION FROM GCSE TO A-LEVEL IN MATHEMATICS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Abstract An analysis of the grades obtained by the age-18 cohort who took A-level examinations in 1994, matched with their results obtained at GCSE two years earlier, supports the idea that the ‘gap’ between GCSE and A-level is larger for mathematics than for English, except at the highest levels of attainment. The difference in the size of the gap is approximately one-half of an A-level grade for candidates who attain grades B and C and approximately one grade for candidates who attain A-level grades D and E. Analysis of a small sample of GCSE and A-level scripts suggests that algebraic manipulation represents a particular difficulty for many students, although staff responsible for admission to A-level courses believe that these weaknesses can be overcome in the introductory parts of A-level programmes.
Valuing Proximity to Lake and Ski Recreation Amenities: Hedonic Prices for Vacation Rental Houses at Deep Creek Lake, Maryland

This paper estimates hedonic price models for a sample of 610 vacation rental houses located in the vicinity of a lake and four-season ski-golf resort. Hedonic semilogarithmic regression models are estimated for peak summer and peak winter rentals for 2008. The regression estimates for weekly rental prices are conditioned on explanatory variables for house size, house quality, and locational features including lakefront proximity and ski-slope access. Subsample regressions are reported for properties managed by three real estate agencies and for a sample of vacation-rental-by-owner properties. The regression estimates are used to obtain percentage effects and monetary values for each explanatory variable. The estimates provide evidence that access to recreation opportunities is reflected importantly in rental offers. Evaluated at the sample means, lakefront locations have a rental premium of about $1200 per week (plus-44%) and the premium for ski-slope locations is $500-600 per week (plus-23 to 27%). In addition to structural characteristics, percentage and monetary values are reported for split-lakefronts, ski-road access, private docks, and private swimming pools. The paper also reports hedonic models corrected for spatial correlation. Although there is some evidence of positive spatial correlation in the OLS residuals, estimation by maximum likelihood does not result in substantial changes in most coefficient magnitudes or standard error estimates.
Analysis of genes involved in the PI3K/Akt pathway in radiation- and MNU-induced rat mammary carcinomas

Abstract The PI3K/AKT pathway is one of the most important signaling networks in human breast cancer, and since it was potentially implicated in our preliminary investigations of radiation-induced rat mammary carcinomas, our aim here was to verify its role. We included mammary carcinomas induced by the chemical carcinogen 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea to determine whether any changes were radiation-specific. Most carcinomas from both groups showed activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, but phosphorylation of AKT1 was often heterogeneous and only present in a minority of carcinoma cells. The negative pathway regulator Inpp4b was significantly downregulated in both groups, compared with in normal mammary tissue, and radiation-induced carcinomas also showed a significant decrease in Pten expression, while the chemically induced carcinomas showed a decrease in Pik3r1 and Pdk1. Significant upregulation of the positive regulators Erbb2 and Pik3ca was observed only in chemically induced carcinomas. However, no genes showed clear correlations with AKT phosphorylation levels, except in individual carcinomas. Only rare carcinomas showed mutations in PI3K/AKT pathway genes, yet these carcinomas did not exhibit stronger AKT phosphorylation. Thus, while AKT phosphorylation is a common feature of rat mammary carcinomas induced by radiation or a canonical chemical carcinogen, the mutation of key genes in the pathways or permanent changes to gene expression of particular signaling proteins do not explain the pathway activation in the advanced cancers. Although AKT signaling likely facilitates cancer development and growth in rat mammary carcinomas, it is unlikely that permanent disruption of the PI3K/AKT pathway genes is a major causal event in radiation carcinogenesis.
Dress and Identity: A Turkish Case Study

This paper examines how dress can be implicated in contests regarding individual and organizational identities. Identities are understood as being constituted within discursive regimes, and to be subjectively available to people in the form of self–narratives. The pluralism and polyphony that characterize organizations means that collective self–narratives are likely to be fractured, contested and multi–layered. It is in this context that attire is an important object symbol that conveys information about the individual and collective self. Here we focus on aspects of dress, especially the Islamic headscarf, and its role in the dynamics of collective identity maintenance and challenge in one all–female Turkish university department. Our ethnographic approach yielded multiple, related and sometimes overlapping story lines centred on dress. These we have chosen to represent as a single though multi–voiced faculty narrative in order to facilitate analysis of what was a particularly rich symbolic milieu. The principal research contribution of this paper is as a discussion of participants’ clothing in the constitution of individual and organizational narrative identities, and its importance for understanding the dynamics of identity conflicts.
Work Experience and Occupational Value Socialization: A Longitudinal Study

This research examines the effects of work experience on occupational reward values, which are of central importance in occupational choice, career development, and subjective responses to work. Whereas it is often assumed that occupational values remain fixed throughout the work history, a confirmatory factor analysis of data obtained from male college graduates over a 10-year time span demostrates that work authonomy and income influence intrinsinc, people-oriented, and extrinsic values. Rewarding occupational experiences were found to reinforce the same values that constituted the basis of earlier work selection. The findings raise several issues for the study of social in equality.
Pathway to neural resilience: Self‐esteem buffers against deleterious effects of poverty on the hippocampus

Human neuroimaging studies have shown that people living in poverty tend to suffer hippocampal atrophy, which leads to impaired memory and learning throughout life. However, behavioral studies demonstrate that poor people with high self‐esteem are often exempt from the deleterious effect of poverty and instead possess a happy and successful life. Here we investigated whether high self‐esteem can buffer against the deleterious effects of poverty, as indicated by low subjective socioeconomic status (SSS), on the hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) in a large cohort of young participants (N = 280). As expected, findings revealed that although low (vs. high) SSS was linked with a smaller hippocampal GMV, the deleterious effect of low SSS on hippocampal GMV was alleviated when the participants have high self‐esteem. Commonality analyses further confirmed this observation. The current study suggests that positive psychological resources such as self‐esteem may provide protection for the hippocampal atrophy in adversity. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3757–3766, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of relationship between cranial base angle and maxillofacial morphology in Indian population: A cephalometric study

Objective: To investigate the role played by the cranial base flexure in influencing the sagittal and vertical position of the jaws in Indian population. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 108 subjects were divided into three categories (Group A: NSAr > 125°, Group B: NSAr-120°-125°, Group C: NSAr < 120°) according to value of NSAr. Measurement of eight angular (SNA, SNB, NPg-FH, ANB, NAPg, SN-GoGn, Y-Axis, ArGo-SN) and seven linear (N-S, S-Ar, Ar-N, Ar–Pt A, Ar–Gn, Wits appraisal, N- Pt A) variables were taken. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to individually correlate angular and linear variables with NSAr for the whole sample as well as in individual group. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the difference in the means of all the variables between the three groups. Significance was determined only when the confidence level was P < 0.05. Several parameters (SNB, NAPg, ANB, Y-Axis, GoGn-SN) showed significant positive correlation while others showed negative correlation (SNA, NPg-FH, N-S) with NSAr. Conclusions: This study show cranial base angle has a determinant role in influencing the mandibular position and it also affects both the mandibular plane angle and y-axis. Flattening of the cranial base angle caused a clockwise rotation of the mandible. The jaw relation tends to change from class III to class II, with progressive flattening of the cranial base and vice-versa.
Male alcohol‐related aggression as a function of type of drink

The present study tested the so-called type-of-drink effect on aggression, that is, the idea that moderate acute alcohol intoxication elicits more aggression when the alcohol is drunk in the form of spirits than in the form of beer or wine, A computerized version of the Taylor "aggression machine" was used. Spirits-drinking subjects drank 1.0 ml of 100% alcohol per kg body weight. To compensate for the lower alcohol concentration, beer- and,vine-drinking subjects drank 20% more. No significant differences were found between drinkers of different beverages in terms of blood alcohol levels, Results indicated that spirits elicited more direct physical aggression than either beer or wine. Three different possible explanations for this finding were discussed.