Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A functional agility short-term fatigue protocol changes lower extremity mechanics

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a functional agility fatigue protocol on lower extremity biomechanics between two unanticipated tasks (stop-jump and sidestep). The subjects consisted of fifteen female collegiate soccer athletes (19±0.7 years, 1.67±0.1 m, 61.7±8 kg) free of lower extremity injury. Participants performed five trials of stop-jump and sidestep tasks. A functional short-term agility protocol was performed, and immediately following participants repeated the unanticipated running tasks. Lower extremity kinematic and kinetic values were obtained pre and post fatigue. Repeated measures analyses of variance were conducted for each dependent variable with an alpha level set at 0.05. Knee position post-fatigue had increased knee internal rotation (11.4±7.5° vs. 7.9±6.5° p=0.011) than pre-fatigue, and a decreased knee flexion angle (–36.6±6.2° vs. −40.0±6.3°, p=0.003), as well as hip position post-fatigue had decreased hip flexion angle (35.5±8.7° vs. 43.2±9.5°, p=0.002). A quick functional fatigue protocol altered lower extremity mechanics of Division I collegiate soccer athletes during landing tasks. Proper mechanics should be emphasized from the beginning of practice/game to aid in potentially minimizing the effects of fatigue in lower extremity mechanics.
The p66Shc knockout mice are short lived under natural condition

Deletion of the p66Shc gene results in lean and healthy mice, retards aging, and protects from aging‐associated diseases, raising the question of why p66Shc has been selected, and what is its physiological role. We have investigated survival and reproduction of p66Shc−/− mice in a population living in a large outdoor enclosure for a year, subjected to food competition and exposed to winter temperatures. Under these conditions, deletion of p66Shc was strongly counterselected. Laboratory studies revealed that p66Shc−/− mice have defects in fat accumulation, thermoregulation, and reproduction, suggesting that p66Shc has been evolutionarily selected because of its role in energy metabolism. These findings imply that the health impact of targeting aging genes might depend on the specific energetic niche and caution should be exercised against premature conclusions regarding gene functions that have only been observed in protected laboratory conditions.
Climate Change and the Economics of Targeted Mitigation in Sectors with Long-Lived Capital Stock

Mitigation investments in long-lived capital stock (LLKS) differ from other types of mitigation investments in that, once established, LLKS can lock-in a stream of emissions for extended periods of time. Moreover, historical examples from industrial countries suggest that investments in LLKS projects or networks tend to be lumpy, and tend to generate significant indirect and induced emissions besides direct emissions. Looking forward, urbanization and rapid economic growth suggest that similar decisions about LLKS are being or will soon be made in many developing countries. In their current form, carbon markets do not provide correct incentives for mitigation investments in LLKS because the constraint on carbon extends only to 2012, and does not extend to many developing countries. Targeted mitigation programs in regions and sectors in which LLKS is being built at rapid rate are thus necessary to avoid getting locked into highly carbon-intensive LLKS. Even if the carbon markets were extended (geographically, sectorally, and over time), public intervention would still be required, for three main reasons. First, to ensure that indirect and induced emissions associated with LLKS are taken into account in investors financial cost-benefit analysis. Second, to facilitate project or network financing to bridge the gap between carbon revenues that accrue over time as the project/network unfolds and the capital needed upfront to finance lumpy investments. Third, to internalize other non-carbon externalities (e.g., local pollution) and/or to lift barriers (e.g., lack of capacity to handle new technologies) that penalize the low-carbon alternatives relative to the high-carbon ones.
Creating a Digital Reference Agenda for Academic Libraries in Jamaica: An Exploratory Case Study

Digital reference service (DRS) has its origin in the early 1980s and as subsequently become a ubiquitous feature of the twenty-first century library. With approximately 50% of academic libraries in the United States of America providing digital reference service, this case study examined the service offered at the Syracuse University. The paper seeks to present the findings of an exploratory research that was undertaken during the period October to December 2009. The objectives of the study were to identify the various models of DRS, determine the issues that librarians need to consider when offering DRS and to analyze the students' perceptions of the service at Syracuse University. An online survey was administered to the students at the School of Information to determine their perception of the service provided by the Bird Library and its implications for libraries in Jamaica. A total of 53 respondents participated. The results showed that DRS augments the traditional reference service and that students believe that DRS enhances their learning. The results have implications for those libraries in Jamaica considering implementing such an initiative.
Personality changes in the aged

ABSTRACT– Psychogenic needs according to Murray were measured by means of the Cesarec Marke Personality Schedule in a representative sample of 70‐year‐olds in Gothenburg, Sweden. They were followed up when 75 and 79. A longitudinal study was carried out with regard to changes in means, standard deviations and sex differences. The levels at 70 among the surviving subjects and those who had died before the age of 79 were compared. Between 70 and 79 there were changes towards higher needs for order and acquiescence in both sexes, and towards lower exhibition, dominance and aggressive non‐conformance, and higher succourance in women. The changes were small and most needs showed no changes at all. There were few changes in variability and sex differences. Men with higher needs of defence of status, and lower needs of exhibition and dominance at 70 had an increased mortality. Cross‐sectional studies would have given misleading results on the development of psychogenic needs in these age groups.
Development of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission Cloud-Cover Assessment Algorithms

The upcoming launch of the Operational Land Imager (OLI) will start the next era of the Landsat program. However, the Automated Cloud-Cover Assessment (CCA) (ACCA) algorithm used on Landsat 7 requires a thermal band and is thus not suited for OLI. There will be a thermal instrument on the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM)-the Thermal Infrared Sensor-which may not be available during all OLI collections. This illustrates a need for CCA for LDCM in the absence of thermal data. To research possibilities for full-resolution OLI cloud assessment, a global data set of 207 Landsat 7 scenes with manually generated cloud masks was created. It was used to evaluate the ACCA algorithm, showing that the algorithm correctly classified 79.9% of a standard test subset of 3.95 109 pixels. The data set was also used to develop and validate two successor algorithms for use with OLI data-one derived from an off-the-shelf machine learning package and one based on ACCA but enhanced by a simple neural network. These comprehensive CCA algorithms were shown to correctly classify pixels as cloudy or clear 88.5% and 89.7% of the time, respectively.
The impact of acne vulgaris on quality of life and psychic health in young adolescents in Greece. Results of a population survey*

BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris can severely affect social and psychological functioning. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of acne vulgaris and its severity on Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. METHODS We conducted a questionnaire based survey among 1560 adolescent between the ages of 11 and 19 years old and 1531 of these were completed. Adolescents with acne filled all the questions including the Children Dermatology Life Quality Index. Adolescents without acne filled the questions about age, family history of acne, stress and smoking. Data were analyzed with Pearson Chi Square test. RESULTS Acne prevalence was 51.2% affecting both sexes equally. Self reported mild acne was present in 71.2% and moderate-severe acne in 28.8% of the study population. The mean age of the study population was 15.77y. The median score of Children Dermatology Life Quality Index was 4.02. The impact of acne on quality of life is associated with the severity of the acne (p<0.0001). Patients with moderate/severe acne experience greater psychosocial and emotional impairment (p<0.0001). Body image is modified proportionally to the severity of acne (p<0.0001). Symptoms and treatment of acne are factors that also influence their quality of life. Girls and boys are equally affected. Stress and heredity are correlated with acne and its severity (p<0.0001). We didn't find any correlation between smoking and acne. CONCLUSION Acne affects Quality of Life of young adolescents in Greece. The impact is proportional to the severity of acne. More severe acne is associated with greater effect on quality of life with implications for self esteem, body image and relationships with others.
Security Signature Inference for JavaScript-based Browser Addons

JavaScript-based browser addons are a tempting target for malicious developers---addons have high privileges and ready access to a browser user's confidential information, and they have none of the usual sandboxing or other security restrictions used for client-side webpage JavaScript. Therefore, vetting third-party addons is important both for addon users and for the browser providers that host official addon repositories. The current state-of-the-art vetting methodology is manual and ad-hoc, which makes the vetting process difficult, tedious, and error-prone. In this paper, we propose a method to help automate this vetting process. We describe a novel notion of addon security signatures, which provide detailed information about an addon's information flows and API usage, along with a novel static analysis to automatically infer these signatures from the addon code. We implement our analysis and empirically evaluate it on a benchmark suite consisting of ten real browser addons taken from the official Mozilla addon repository. Our results show that our analysis is practical and useful for vetting browser addons.
Rayleigh principle for linear Hamiltonian systems without controllability

In this paper we consider linear Hamiltonian differential systems without the controllability (or normality) assumption. We prove the Rayleigh principle for these systems with Dirichlet boundary conditions, which provides a variational characterization of the finite eigenvalues of the associated self-adjoint eigenvalue problem. This result generalizes the traditional Rayleigh principle to possibly abnormal linear Hamiltonian systems. The main tools are the extended Picone formula, which is proven here for this general setting, results on piecewise constant kernels for conjoined bases of the Hamiltonian system, and the oscillation theorem relating the number of proper focal points of conjoined bases with the number of finite eigenvalues. As applications we obtain the expansion theorem in the space of admissible functions without controllability and a result on coercivity of the corresponding quadratic functional.
The major mutation in the RMRP gene causing CHH among the Amish is the same as that found in most Finnish cases

Cartilage‐hair hypoplasia (CHH), or McKusick type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, was originally described in the Old Order Amish in the United States and subsequently found to be unusually frequent among Finns. The major mutation causing CHH in Finns is a 70A → G nucleotide substitution in the RMRP gene, which encodes the untranslated RNA that is a component of mitochondrial RNA‐processing endoribonuclease. Here we report that the same mutation is the most frequent one, perhaps the only one, in the Amish population in which CHH was first characterized. The fact that the mutation segregates with the same major haplotype in these two populations and others suggests that it is very ancient. Unlike some other ordinarily rare recessive disorders that are limited in their high frequency to a single Amish deme (subisolate), e.g., Ellis‐van Creveld syndrome, CHH occurs in high frequency in at least three distinct Amish demes, indicating, along with genealogic data, that there were multiple heterozygotes among the founders, as proposed by McKusick et al. [1965: Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 116:231–272]. Published 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Investigation into the Role of Iron, Copper, and Gender in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my family for the unconditional love and support throughout the entire process of my graduate career. To my husband Matthew Travis for supporting me and standing by my side through all the initials: B. Coates who give me the strength to pursue my life passions and are always there to provide words of love and encouragement. The product of this research is dedicated to every older adult who still fights for their good health and cognition in old age and to be a productive member of society. Specifically, this goes to the two role models of vitality involved in my life: Virginia iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my dissertation committee members, Dr. appreciate the support, guidance, and commitment provided during this project. Thank you to the dedicated student volunteers, graduate and undergraduate, who helped with colony duties and data collection. I would not have been able to complete the monumental amount of behavioral testing alone, Thank you to Ebube Utomi for animal care and coordination of colony maintenance. Without your help it would not have been possible to maintain the colony and my sanity.
Molecular analysis of a familial case of renal cell cancer and a t(3;6)(q12;q15)

We identified a novel familial case of clear‐cell renal cancer and a t(3;6)(q12;q15). Subsequent cytogenetic and molecular analyses showed the presence of several abnormalities within tumour samples obtained from different patients. Loss of the der(3) chromosome was noted in some, but not all, of the samples. A concomitant VHL gene mutation was found in one of the samples. In addition, cytogenetic and molecular evidence for heterogeneity was obtained through analysis of several biopsy samples from one of the tumours. Based on these results and those reported in the literature, we conclude that loss of der(3) and subsequent VHL gene mutation may represent critical steps in the development of renal cell cancers in persons carrying the chromosome 3 translocation. Moreover, preliminary data suggest that other (epi)genetic changes may be related to tumour initiation. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Formation of monolayer films by the spontaneous assembly of organic thiols from solution onto gold

Abstract : Long-chain alkanethiols, HS(CH2)nX, adsorb from solution onto gold surfaces and form ordered, oriented monolayer films. The properties of the interfaces between the films and liquids are largely independent of chain length when n > 10; in particular, wetting is not directly influenced by the proximity of the underlying gold substrate. The specific interaction of gold with sulfur and other soft nucleophiles and its low reactivity toward most hard acids and bases make it possible to vary the structure of the terminal group, X, widely and thus permit the introduction of a great range of functional groups into a surface. Studies of wettability of these monolayers, and of their composition using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), indicate that the monolayers are oriented with the tail group, X, exposed at the monolayer-air or monolayer- liquid interface. The adsorption of simple n-alkanethiols generates hydrophobic surfaces whose free energy (19 mJ/sq. m) is the lowest of any hydrocarbon surface studied to date. Measurement of contact angles is a useful tool for studying the structure and chemistry of the outermost few angstroms of a surface. This work used contact angles and optical ellipsometry to study the kinetics of adsorption of monolayer films and to examine the experimental conditions necessary for the formation of high-quality films.
Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events.

BACKGROUND The optimal range of sodium intake for cardiovascular health is controversial. METHODS We obtained morning fasting urine samples from 101,945 persons in 17 countries and estimated 24-hour sodium and potassium excretion (used as a surrogate for intake). We examined the association between estimated urinary sodium and potassium excretion and the composite outcome of death and major cardiovascular events. RESULTS The mean estimated sodium and potassium excretion was 4.93 g per day and 2.12 g per day, respectively. With a mean follow-up of 3.7 years, the composite outcome occurred in 3317 participants (3.3%). As compared with an estimated sodium excretion of 4.00 to 5.99 g per day (reference range), a higher estimated sodium excretion (≥ 7.00 g per day) was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 1.30), as well as increased risks of death and major cardiovascular events considered separately. The association between a high estimated sodium excretion and the composite outcome was strongest among participants with hypertension (P=0.02 for interaction), with an increased risk at an estimated sodium excretion of 6.00 g or more per day. As compared with the reference range, an estimated sodium excretion that was below 3.00 g per day was also associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.44). As compared with an estimated potassium excretion that was less than 1.50 g per day, higher potassium excretion was associated with a reduced risk of the composite outcome. CONCLUSIONS In this study in which sodium intake was estimated on the basis of measured urinary excretion, an estimated sodium intake between 3 g per day and 6 g per day was associated with a lower risk of death and cardiovascular events than was either a higher or lower estimated level of intake. As compared with an estimated potassium excretion that was less than 1.50 g per day, higher potassium excretion was associated with a lower risk of death and cardiovascular events. (Funded by the Population Health Research Institute and others.).
miR-125b inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition of triple-negative breast cancer by targeting MAP2K7

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in diverse biological processes and are emerging as key regulators of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs in breast cancer, miR-125b was revealed to be deregulated and associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the mechanism is still unknown. In our study, we showed downregulated expression of miR-125b in TNBC tissues and decreased migration and invasion in miR-125b-expressing Hs578T cells. MAP2K7 was then detected to be a novel target of miR-125b, and downregulation of MAP2K7 by miR-125b was similar to transient knockdown of MAP2K7 which hindered epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of Hs578T cells. Upregulation of MAP2K7 in miR-125b-overexpressing Hs578T cells partly rescued the migration and invasion suppression of miR-125b. Furthermore, MAP2K7 was overexpressed in TNBC samples compared with normal tissues and negatively correlated with miR-125b expression. In light of these findings, miR-125b emerged as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by targeting MAP2K7 to inhibit EMT.
Duplex Doppler Ultrasound of the Hepatic Artery in Patients With Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis

Background Acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH) is a clinical diagnosis associated with increased hepatic artery diameter and flow. Duplex Doppler ultrasound (DDU) has been shown to accurately measure arterial flow in both liver and kidney transplant patients. The authors conducted a blinded, controlled study to evaluate the accuracy of measuring hepatic artery parameters with DDU in diagnosing AAH. Study Duplex Doppler ultrasound was performed by an investigator, blinded to group makeup, on 22 consecutive hospital inpatients with the clinical diagnosis of AAH. The diagnosis of AAH was based on specific criteria, including the following: recent alcohol abuse, hyperbilirubinemia, prolonged prothrombin time, leukocytosis, hepatomegaly, hepatic bruit, and marked redistribution of isotope on 99mTc-sulfur colloid liver–spleen scan. Controls were 12 cirrhotic patients without AAH and 17 healthy volunteers. Duplex Doppler ultrasound measurements were obtained most consistently from the proximal right hepatic artery. Measured parameters included the following: peak systolic velocity (PSV); resistive index = (PSV − end diastolic velocity [EDV])/PSV; pulsatility index = (PSV − EDV)/mean velocity; and hepatic artery diameter. Results The mean hepatic artery diameter was significantly larger in patients with AAH (3.55 ± 0.72 mm) than in patients with cirrhosis (2.75 ± 0.69 mm;p = 0.003) and healthy controls (2.68 ± 0.69 mm;p = 0.001). The mean PSV was significantly higher in patients with AAH (187 ± 52 cm/s) compared with cirrhotic (67 ± 51 cm/s) and healthy (66 ± 51 cm/s) controls (p = 0.0001). The mean resistive index was lower in AAH patients (0.60 ± 0.11) compared with cirrhotic (0.69 ± 0.10;p value was not significant) and healthy controls (0.72 ± 0.11;p = 0.004). The mean pulsatility index was lower in AAH patients (1.04 ± 0.47) compared with cirrhotic (1.36 ± 0.45;p value was not significant) and healthy controls (1.53 ± 0.45;p = 0.01). Conclusions In the appropriate clinical setting, an elevated hepatic artery diameter or PSV measurement is suggestive of AAH. Duplex Doppler ultrasound offers a noninvasive test to assist in the diagnosis of AAH.
The Effects of Sensorineural Hearing Impairment on Asynchronous Glimpsing of Speech

In a previous study with normal-hearing listeners, we evaluated consonant identification masked by two or more spectrally contiguous bands of noise, with asynchronous square-wave modulation applied to neighboring bands. Speech recognition thresholds were 5.1–8.5 dB better when neighboring bands were presented to different ears (dichotic) than when all bands were presented to one ear (monaural), depending on the spectral width of the frequency bands. This dichotic advantage was interpreted as reflecting masking release from peripheral spread of masking from neighboring frequency bands. The present study evaluated this effect in listeners with sensorineural hearing loss, a population more susceptible to spread of masking. Speech perception (vowel-consonant-vowel stimuli, as in /aBa/) was measured in the presence of fluctuating noise that was either modulated synchronously across frequency or asynchronously. Hearing-impaired listeners (n = 9) and normal-hearing controls were tested at either the same intensity (n = 7) or same sensation level (n = 8). Hearing-impaired listeners had mild-to-moderate hearing loss and symmetrical, flat audiometric thresholds. While all groups of listeners performed better in the dichotic than monaural condition, this effect was smaller for the hearing-impaired (3.5 dB) and equivalent-sensation-level controls (3.3 dB) than controls tested at the same intensity (11.0 dB). The present study is consistent with the idea that dichotic presentation can improve speech-in-noise listening for hearing-impaired listeners, and may be enhanced when combined with amplification.