Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Stochastic Model for the Optimal Operation of a Wind-Thermal Power System

This paper presents a stochastic cost model and a solution technique for optimal scheduling of the generators in a wind integrated power system considering the demand and wind generation uncertainties. The proposed robust unit commitment solution methodology will help the power system operators in optimal day-ahead planning even with indeterminate information about the wind generation. A particle swarm optimization based scenario generation and reduction algorithm is used for modeling the uncertainties. The stochastic unit commitment problem is solved using a new parameter free self adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. The numerical results indicate the low risk involved in day-ahead power system planning when the stochastic model is used instead of the deterministic model.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) By-Products Using Protamex Protease

Summary Long-term proteolysis of tuna by-products (head, viscera and tail) by the wide spectrum protease Protamex has been investigated and compared. After hydrolysis, two fractions (soluble aqueous phase and insoluble sludge) were collected. Chemical compositions of each fraction and molecular mass distributions of soluble peptides were determined. Degrees of hydrolysis obtained after 12 h of hydrolysis of head, viscera and tail were 32.3, 16.8 and 22.2 %, respectively. Nitrogen recovery in the soluble fractions was 73.6 % for the head, 82.7 % for the viscera and 85.8 % for the tail. Lipid distribution indicated that the majority of lipids remained in the sludge. Such proteolysis appears useful for the production of very different fractions: one rich in peptides of medium to small molecular mass and poor in lipids, and another one containing the insoluble proteins and the majority of lipids.
Prognostic value of depressed midwall systolic function in cardiac light-chain amyloidosis

Background: Cardiac amyloidosis represents an archetypal form of restrictive heart disease, characterized by profound diastolic dysfunction. As ejection fraction is preserved until the late stage of the disease, the majority of patients do fulfill the definition of diastolic heart failure, that is, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In another clinical model of HFpEF, that is, pressure-overload hypertrophy, depressed midwall fractional shortening (mFS) has been shown to be a powerful prognostic factor. Objective and methods: To assess the potential prognostic role of mFS in cardiac light-chain amyloidosis with preserved ejection fraction, we enrolled 221 consecutive untreated patients, in whom a first diagnosis of cardiac light-chain amyloidosis was concluded between 2008 and 2010. HFpEF was present in 181 patients. Patients in whom cardiac involvement was excluded served as controls (n = 121). Prognosis was assessed after a median follow-up of 561 days. Results: When compared with light-chain amyloidosis patients without myocardial involvement, cardiac light-chain amyloidosis was characterized by increased wall thickness (P <0.001), reduced end-diastolic left ventricular volumes (P <0.001), and diastolic dysfunction (P <0.001). In patients with preserved ejection fraction, mFS was markedly depressed [10.6% (8.7–13.5) vs. 17.8% (15.9–19.5) P <0.001]. At multivariable analysis, mFS, troponin I, and NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide were the only significant prognostic determinants (P <0.001), whereas other indices of diastolic (E/E’ ratio, transmitral and pulmonary vein flow velocities) and systolic function (tissue Doppler systolic indices, ejection fraction), or the presence/absence of congestive heart failure did not enter the model. Conclusion: In cardiac light-chain amyloidosis with normal ejection fraction, depressed circumferential mFS, a marker of myocardial contractile dysfunction, is a powerful predictor of survival.
Psychometric Properties of a Structured Diagnostic Interview for DSM-5 Anxiety, Mood, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Three hundred sixty-two adult patients were administered the Diagnostic Interview for Anxiety, Mood, and OCD and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders (DIAMOND). Of these, 121 provided interrater reliability data, and 115 provided test–retest reliability data. Participants also completed a battery of self-report measures that assess symptoms of anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Interrater reliability of DIAMOND anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive and related diagnoses ranged from very good to excellent. Test–retest reliability of DIAMOND diagnoses ranged from good to excellent. Convergent validity was established by significant between-group comparisons on applicable self-report measures for nearly all diagnoses. The results of the present study indicate that the DIAMOND is a promising semistructured diagnostic interview for DSM-5 disorders.
In vitro Effectiveness of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide, 0.5% Silver Nitrate and 20% Hypertonic Saline on Protoscoleces of Hydatid Cyst

Several scolocidal agents have been used to eradicate the infective protoscoleces, however recurrences occur. The objective of this study was determining of the scolicidal effects of 3% Hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% Silver nitrate and 20% hypertonic saline on protoscoleces of hydatid cyst. Protoscoleces were collected aseptically from sheep and cattle livers containing hydatid cyst. Hypertonic saline was used as positive control, while normal saline was used as negative control. These scolocidal solutions were used for 5,10,15 and 20 minutes in the experiments. Viability of protoscoleces was assessed by 0.1% eosin staining . Normal saline had no significant protoscolicidal effect. However, 20% Hypertonic saline and 0.5%Silver nitrate solution revealed higher protoscolicidal effect than 3% Hydrogen proxide. The results showed that hypertonic saline 20% and 0.5% Silver nitrate solution is highly effective in killing protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro .
Differential effects of wake promoting drug modafinil in aversive learning paradigms

Modafinil (MO) an inhibitor of the dopamine transporter was initially approved to treat narcolepsy, a sleep related disorder in humans. One interesting “side-effect” of this drug, which emerged from preclinical and clinical studies, is the facilitation of cognitive performance. So far, this was primarily shown in appetitive learning paradigms, but it is yet unclear whether MO exerts a more general cognitive enhancement effect. Thus, the aim of the present study in rats was to extend these findings by testing the effects of MO in two aversive paradigms, Pavlovian fear conditioning (FC) and the operant two-way active avoidance (TWA) learning paradigms. We discovered a differential, task-dependent effect of MO. In the FC paradigm MO treated rats showed a dose-dependent enhancement of fear memory compared to vehicle treated rats, indicated by increased context-related freezing. Cue related fear memory remained unaffected. In the TWA paradigm MO induced a significant decrease of avoidance responses compared to vehicle treated animals, while the number of escape reactions during the acquisition of the TWA task remained unaffected. These findings expand the knowledge in the regulation of cognitive abilities and may contribute to the understanding of the contraindicative effects of MO in anxiety related mental disorders.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Groups

Part I: Groups. General Principles and Practice of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Groups: Possibilities and Challenges. Group Processes in CBT: Using Group Dynamics Productively. Cognitive Strategies in CBT Groups. Behavioral Strategies in CBT Groups. Basic Structure and Implementation of CBT Groups. Overcoming Obstacles in CBT Groups: Challenges and Problems in Group Structure. Part II: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Groups for Specific Disorders. Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Social Anxiety Disorder. Depression. Bipolar Disorder. Eating Disorders. Rotgers, Nguyen, Substance Abuse. Freeman, Stewart, Personality Disorders. Roberts, Pinkham, Penn, Schizophrenia. Part III: Comorbidity and Future Directions. Comorbidity and CBT Groups. The FAQs of CBT Group Intervention.
Observation-based Cooperation Enforcement in Ad Hoc Networks

Ad hoc networks rely on the cooperation of the nodes participating in the network to forward packets for each other. A node may decide not to cooperate to save its resources while still using the network to relay its traffic. If too many nodes exhibit this behavior, network performance degrades and cooperating nodes may find themselves unfairly loaded. Most previous efforts to counter this behavior have relied on further cooperation between nodes to exchange reputation information about other nodes. If a node observes another node not participating correctly, it reports this observation to other nodes who then take action to avoid being affected and potentially punish the bad node by refusing to forward its traffic. Unfortunately, such second-hand reputation information is subject to false accusations and requires maintaining trust relationships with other nodes. The objective of OCEAN is to avoid this trust-management machinery and see how far we can get simply by using direct first-hand observations of other nodes' behavior. We find that, in many scenarios, OCEAN can do as well as, or even better than, schemes requiring second-hand reputation exchanges. This encouraging result could possibly help obviate solutions requiring trust-management for some contexts.
Pru p 3, a marker allergen for lipid transfer protein sensitization also in Central Europe

In the Mediterranean area, lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are important causes of plant‐food allergies often associated with severe allergic reactions. There, peach LTP (Pru p 3) seems to be the primary sensitizer, whereas in Central Europe, little is known about the importance of LTP sensitization. In this region, allergen extract‐based diagnosis is often complicated by co‐sensitization to Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, its cross‐reactive food allergens, and profilins. We investigated the role of LTP sensitization in Central European patients displaying strong allergic reactions to plant‐derived food. Analysis of IgE reactivity revealed that ten of thirteen patients were sensitized to Pru p 3, nine to Bet v 1, and two to profilin. Our results showed that LTP sensitization represents a risk factor for severe allergic symptoms in Central Europe. Furthermore, the strong IgE reactivity detected in immunoblots of plant‐food extracts indicated that Pru p 3 can be used as a marker allergen for LTP sensitization also in Central European patients.
Distributional Semantics in Technicolor

Our research aims at building computational models of word meaning that are perceptually grounded. Using computer vision techniques, we build visual and multimodal distributional models and compare them to standard textual models. Our results show that, while visual models with state-of-the-art computer vision techniques perform worse than textual models in general tasks (accounting for semantic relatedness), they are as good or better models of the meaning of words with visual correlates such as color terms, even in a nontrivial task that involves nonliteral uses of such words. Moreover, we show that visual and textual information are tapping on different aspects of meaning, and indeed combining them in multimodal models often improves performance.
Probation Training: The Experience of Learners and Teachers

Qualifying training in probation is under review and likely to be substantially changed. This article draws on a small scale study of current training arrangements designed to explore the views of trainee probation officers, practice development assessors and university tutors regarding which elements of the current Diploma in Probation Studies framework most support learning. Their comments focus on the organisational ownership of training, time and learning, the teacher–learner relationship, teaching methods and equality of access. It is argued that probation training is best supported by a series of linked qualifications across grades, integrating practice‐based and academic learning delivered through a ‘blended learning’ model.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MAGNETIC DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MYOMETRIAL RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MYOMETRIAL INVASION AMONG PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA INVASION AMONG PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOM

OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of myometrial invasion in patients with carcinoma endometrium keeping histopathology as the gold standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from 11 July 2019 to 10 July 2021 at the Radiology Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. The sample was collected via a Non-probability sampling technique. The sample size was 141 taking the prevalence of myometrial invasion 46% 12 with sensitivity and specificity of DW-MRI 90% and 73%,95% confidence level, and 10% margin of error. All women presenting with biopsy-proven endome - trial carcinoma scheduled for hysterectomy, aged between 30 to 70 years were included. The myometrial invasion via MRI pelvis including DWI, with a 1.5 T machine (Philips), was evaluated for all patients. After a hysterectomy, myometrial invasion was confirmed on histopathology. RESULTS: Among 141 women, 58 (41%) patients were between 30-50 years of age, and 83(59%) patients were in the 51-70 years age group. DW-MRI had 91.11% sensitivity, 66.66% specificity, 98.4% Positive predictive value, 25% Negative predic - tive value, and 90.07% diagnostic accuracy CONCLUSION: In carcinoma endometrium, MR-DWI has good diagnostic accuracy in the detection of myometrial invasion.
Lineage-specific stem cells, signals and asymmetries during stomatal development

Stomata are dispersed pores found in the epidermis of land plants that facilitate gas exchange for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss. Stomata are formed from progenitor cells, which execute a series of differentiation events and stereotypical cell divisions. The sequential activation of master regulatory basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors controls the initiation, proliferation and differentiation of stomatal cells. Cell-cell communication mediated by secreted peptides, receptor kinases, and downstream mitogen-activated kinase cascades enforces proper stomatal patterning, and an intrinsic polarity mechanism ensures asymmetric cell divisions. As we review here, recent studies have provided insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that control stomatal development. These findings have also highlighted striking similarities between plants and animals with regards to their mechanisms of specialized cell differentiation. Summary: This Review summarises the transcription factor and epigenetic control of stomatal development and patterning, highlighting similarities between plant and animal developmental mechanisms.
Permissions

When Tiki is installed, there are three pre-defined Groups of users: Anonymous: Users that are not logged in are in the Anonymous group. Registered: Users that are logged in are in the Registered group. Admin: The person who installs Tiki is the initial member of the Admin group. Administrators (Admin group members) can create and edit Groups of users. Each group can have fully customized access to all site features. Users can be assigned to one or several groups. Groups can have subgroups. Permissions are assigned to groups of users, not to individual users. Individual objects such as wiki pages can have permissions applied to them directly, for particular user groups. If no permissions are specified for a group for an object or content category, then global permisions apply. Administrators can create and edit a content Category. Objects can be added to content categories. A content category can then be assigned to a group. Category-based permissions, when used (it's an "advanced" feature), give members of the groups the permissions assigned to them.
A Multitier Debugger for Web Applications

Debugging Web applications is difficult because of their distributed nature but also because of the programming languages and tools commonly used to develop them. Taking benefit of the multitier aspect of the Hop programming language, we have built a new debugger for Web applications that copes with the server-side and the client-side of the executions. Its advantage over most debuggers for the Web is that it reports the full stack trace containing all the server-side and client-side frames that have conducted to an error. An error is reported on its actual position on the source code, wherever it occurs on the server or on the client. To help detecting errors as early as possible, the Hop debugger is accompanied with a debugging execution mode where types are checked before data structures are accessed, argument numbers are verified before functions are called, and array bounds are checked before vectors are accessed. Combining the debugger and the debugging mode makes errors of Web applications easier to understand and easier to localize. Hopefully they also become easier to fix.
Adversity, stress, and psychopathology

"Adversity" involves exposure to unpropitious or calamitous circumstances. It occurs in extreme situations such as prolonged combat or natural disasters, both of which affect whole groups or communities of people simultaneously. It is found as well in more individually targeted events such as child abuse, bereavement, rape, physical illness, marital separation or divorce, unemployment, and homelessness. Exposure to adversity is not randomly distributed in society. It varies with gender, ethnic or racial background, and socioeconomic status.
Cacophony to Symphony: Memoirs in Teacher Research.

We are pleased to inaugurate our new Voices Inside Schools section with "Cacophony to Symphony: Memoirs in Teacher Research," by Karen Hale Hankins. In this article, Hankins explores the connection between her personal history and her present classroom teaching through the process of journal writing. She records in her journal her observations about her class, her teaching, and her memoirs of her own past as they are sparked by present events, feelings, and challenges in her classroom. Hankins discovers that her past experiences, when carefully reflected on, can help her better understand, and thus reach and teach, her students, even those with whom she once felt she had little in common.
Deletion of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Myeloid Cells Attenuates Central Nervous System Autoimmunity

Myeloid cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Monocytes, macrophages, and microglia can adopt two distinct phenotypes, with M1-polarized cells being more related to inflammation and autoimmunity while M2-polarized cells contribute to tissue repair and anti-inflammatory processes. Here, we show that deletion of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in bone marrow-derived macrophages and peritoneal macrophages caused their polarization toward the M2 phenotype with its distinct gene expression, altered phagocytic and migratory properties, and dampened NO production. After induction of EAE, mice that are selectively devoid of the MR in their myeloid cells (MRlysM mice) showed diminished clinical symptoms and ameliorated histological hallmarks of neuroinflammation. T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs of these mice produced less pro-inflammatory cytokines while their proliferation and the abundance of regulatory T cells were unaltered. The numbers of inflammatory monocytes and reactive microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) in MRlysM mice were significantly lower and they adopted an M2-polarized phenotype based on their gene expression profile, presumably explaining the ameliorated neuroinflammation. Our results indicate that the MR in myeloid cells plays a critical role for CNS autoimmunity, providing a rational to interfere with diseases such as MS by pharmacologically targeting this receptor.
Diffusion of Responsibility

Diffusion of responsibility appeared as a term in social psychology papers written in the early 1960s, perhaps first by Wallach, Kogan, and Bem (1964). It refers to the idea that, in some contexts, individuals within a group are less (or report feeling less) responsible for actions that occur than if they had done the same action outside the group by themselves. In broad terms, there are fewer consequences to any one person in a group from what that group does than if an individual person had done the action alone. Keywords: diffusion of responsibility; responsibility; group behavior; juries; bystander intervention; atrocities; lynching; speaking out; war crimes; social loafing; deindividuation
Encounter norms of snorkelers and scuba divers at Molokini, Hawai'i : methodological and managerial applications

approved: _____________________________________________________________________ Mark D. Needham Over the past few decades, tourism and recreation activities have increased in tropical marine settings, and studies have examined social and ecological impacts of these activities. Some studies have examined social impacts such as encounters, crowding, and encounter norms or standards that individuals use to evaluate encounters with others as acceptable or unacceptable. Most research has examined a single dimension of these norms, the number of people encountered, and how this influences normative evaluations. Less is known about normative evaluations of use-related encounters with objects other than people. This thesis uses data from surveys of visitors at Molokini Shoal Marine Life Conservation District (MLCD) in Hawai„i to examine: (a) the influence of boat size on encounter norms; (b) reported encounters, crowding, normative evaluations, and support of use-related management strategies at this site; and (c) whether visitors who encounter more boats than their norm feel more crowded and are more supportive of restrictive management strategies. Data were obtained from onsite pre-trip and post-trip surveys of 709 passengers on commercial snorkel and dive boats. Norms were measured with acceptance of 12 photographs depicting combinations of four levels of boat use (6, 12, 26, 42 boats) and three proportions of boat size (all small [≤ 15 passengers, 30 feet], 50% small and 50% large [≥ 100 passengers, 50 feet], all large boats). Number of boats was a much more important dimension than boat size and the size of boat that respondents were traveling on did not influence norms. On average, visitors would accept seeing no more than approximately 15 boats at one time at Molokini (17 small boats, 12 large boats) and this number was observed on at least 20% of trips to the site. Although most visitors expected to escape crowds at Molokini, 67% felt crowded and upward of 79% supported direct actions to restrict use at the site (e.g., limit the number of boats). Visitors who encountered more boats than their normative tolerance felt more crowded and were more supportive of these management strategies. These findings suggest that Molokini is operating over its capacity and management attention is necessary to improve experiences and resources. © Copyright by Caitlin M. Bell May 28, 2010 All Rights Reserved Encounter Norms of Snorkelers and Scuba Divers at Molokini, Hawai„i: Methodological and Managerial Applications