Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antidoping Education Using a Lifelong Situated Activity-Based Approach: Evidence, Conception, and Challenges

ABSTRACT Studies have shown that doping behavior emerges from contexts. Educational research would therefore be enriched by explorations of the situatedness of athletes’ activity and its dynamics of development inside sporting life courses. The principles can be summarized as (a) the connection between antidoping and athletes’ time-specific and meaningful concerns, (b) the creation of fields of possible activity that preserve athletes from doping, (c) the focus on propensities toward activities that pull athletes away from doping, and (d) the regular and timely updating of programs. Following this, the general framework for the antidoping education of elite athletes comprises four levels articulated by their distribution over the periods of athletes’ careers: (a) creating and maintaining a global antidoping culture via continuous socialization, (b) developing a sustained antidoping background via situated activities, (c) supporting punctual and specific needs with free services for all athletes, and (d) promoting tertiary prevention and post-career education.
When work becomes meditation: how managers use work as a tool for personal growth

Abstract This paper identifies an empirically grounded process for how managers apply a meditative attitude to work in order to further personal growth. When managers actively engage in challenging situations with a meditative attitude, the process unfolds as the managers’ focus shifts from attending to suffering, to witnessing what is, and responding with authenticity. The study is based on qualitative analysis of empirical material generated during a two-year, in-depth, clinical inquiry of how seven CEOs and business owners of small and medium-sized companies integrate their spiritual development insights into their working lives. Meditation practice provides mangers with a foundation for personal growth by increasing their capacity to explore situations through a different light, changing their perspectives of life. This study shows that work can provide the individual with an environment where this capacity can be practiced and embodied in real time to further personal growth.
ISP-friendly peer-assisted on-demand streaming of long duration content in BBC iPlayer

In search of scalable solutions, CDNs are exploring P2P support. However, the benefits of peer assistance can be limited by various obstacle factors such as ISP friendliness - requiring peers to be within the same ISP, bitrate stratification - the need to match peers with others needing similar bitrate, and partial participation - some peers choosing not to redistribute content. This work relates potential gains from peer assistance to the average number of users in a swarm, its capacity, and empirically studies the effects of these obstacle factors at scale, using a month-long trace of over 2 million users in London accessing BBC shows online. Results indicate that even when P2P swarms are localised within ISPs, up to 88% of traffic can be saved. Surprisingly, bitrate stratification results in 2 large sub-swarms and does not significantly affect savings. However, partial participation, and the need for a minimum swarm size do affect gains. We investigate improvements to gain from increasing content availability through two well-studied techniques: content bundling-combining multiple items to increase availability, and historical caching of previously watched items. Bundling proves ineffective as increased server traffic from larger bundles outweighs benefits of availability, but simple caching can considerably boost traffic gains from peer assistance.
Children's processing of emotions expressed by peers and adults: An fMRI study

The recognition of emotional expressions is an important skill and relates to social functioning and adjustment in childhood. The current functional MRI study investigated the neural processing of angry and happy facial expressions in 5- to 6-year-old children and in adults. Participants were presented happy and angry faces of adults and children while they performed a non-emotion-related task with low cognitive load. Very similar neural networks were involved in the processing of angry and happy faces in adults and children, including the amygdala and prefrontal areas. In general, children showed heightened amygdala activation in response to emotional faces relative to adults. While children showed stronger amygdala activation in response to angry adult compared to angry child faces, adults showed stronger amygdala activation for angry child faces. In both age groups enhanced amygdala involvement was found for happy peer faces relative to happy non-peer faces, though this effect was only a tendency in adults. The findings are discussed in the context of the development of the social brain network.
Constrained Deep Metric Learning for Person Re-identification

Person re-identification aims to re-identify the probe image from a given set of images under different camera views. It is challenging due to large variations of pose, illumination, occlusion and camera view. Since the convolutional neural networks (CNN) have excellent capability of feature extraction, certain deep learning methods have been recently applied in person re-identification. However, in person re-identification, the deep networks often suffer from the over-fitting problem. In this paper, we propose a novel CNN-based method to learn a discriminative metric with good robustness to the over-fitting problem in person re-identification. Firstly, a novel deep architecture is built where the Mahalanobis metric is learned with a weight constraint. This weight constraint is used to regularize the learning, so that the learned metric has a better generalization ability. Secondly, we find that the selection of intra-class sample pairs is crucial for learning but has received little attention. To cope with the large intra-class variations in pedestrian images, we propose a novel training strategy named moderate positive mining to prevent the training process from over-fitting to the extreme samples in intra-class pairs. Experiments show that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on several benchmarks of person re-identification.
Antiretroviral therapy is not associated with reduced herpes simplex virus shedding in HIV coinfected adults: an observational cohort study

Objectives Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) may have adverse consequences on HIV type 1 infection. We quantified the frequency of HSV reactivations in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated adults with HIV, and compared it with that in HAART-naïve patients. Setting 2 academic hospital sites in Toronto, Canada. Participants Asymptomatic HAART-naive (n=44) or treated (with HIV RNA <50 copies/mL, n=41) adults with HSV-1 and/or 2, HIV coinfection. Outcome measures HSV-1 and HSV-2 shedding as measured by PCR on oral, genital and anal swabs self-collected daily for 28 days. Results Of the 85 participants, 88%, 67% and 53% were coinfected with HSV-1, HSV-2 and both HSV types, respectively. Median (IQR) CD4 count was 516 (382, 655) cells/mm3. HSV (type 1 and/or 2) shedding occurred on a median (IQR) of 7.1% (0, 17.9%) of days in HAART users and 3.6% (0, 10.7%) of days in non-HAART users. No significant relationship was observed between HAART and HSV-1/2 shedding in univariable (OR=1.55, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.87) or multivariable negative binomial models adjusted for sex, baseline CD4 count, recent immigrant status and time since HIV diagnosis (adjusted OR, aOR=1.05, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.58). Similar null results were observed for HSV-2 shedding in HSV-2 seropositive participants (aOR=1.16, 95% CI 0.40 to 3.36) and HSV-1 shedding in HSV-1 seropositive participants (aOR=0.70, 95% CI 0.14 to 3.47). Conclusions HSV reactivations persist despite suppressive HAART among adults coinfected with HSV and HIV. Clinical trials of suppressive anti-HSV therapy are warranted in this population.
Politeness Strategies in Confrontations of Prejudice

ABSTRACT This project draws on the self-regulation of prejudiced responses model and politeness theory to investigate the role of politeness strategies in interpersonal confrontations of prejudice. One hundred and three participants were exposed to experimental confrontations of prejudiced remarks made about Native Americans. The results generally indicate that direct confrontations, which included an explanation of why the response was perceived as prejudiced, were most effective in reducing prejudiced responses and reducing levels of reported prejudice. Furthermore, participants generally accepted confrontations of their prejudiced responses and did not negatively evaluate their confronters. Finally, the more positive politeness participants perceived in the confrontations, the more positively they evaluated their confronter. Implications for theory and the confrontation of prejudice in everyday life are discussed.
Numerical Methods for Electronic Structure Calculations of Materials

The goal of this article is to give an overview of numerical problems encountered when determining the electronic structure of materials and the rich variety of techniques used to solve these problems. The paper is intended for a diverse scientific computing audience. For this reason, we assume the reader does not have an extensive background in the related physics. Our overview focuses on the nature of the numerical problems to be solved, their origin, and the methods used to solve the resulting linear algebra or nonlinear optimization problems. It is common knowledge that the behavior of matter at the nanoscale is, in principle, entirely determined by the Schrodinger equation. In practice, this equation in its original form is not tractable. Successful but approximate versions of this equation, which allow one to study nontrivial systems, took about five or six decades to develop. In particular, the last two decades saw a flurry of activity in developing effective software. One of the main practical variants of the Schrodinger equation is based on what is referred to as density functional theory (DFT). The combination of DFT with pseudopotentials allows one to obtain in an efficient way the ground state configuration for many materials. This article will emphasize pseudopotential-density functional theory, but other techniques will be discussed as well.
Systematic Review of Instructional Methods to Teach Employment Skills to Secondary Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Effective vocational instruction is an essential aspect of preparing students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) for the world of work. We systematically reviewed research on instructional methods used to teach employment skills to secondary students with IDD. We identified 56 studies involving 766 participants with IDD. Four intervention approaches emphasized technology or some other instructional stimulus (i.e., self-management devices, video-based, audio-based, picture and tactile-based) and four focused on live instructors (i.e., direct instruction, augmentative and alternative communication, simulation, peer-delivered). Among the 21 instructional methods used within these approaches, performance feedback, device-assisted instruction, response prompting, and community-based instruction were the most common. We address the extent to which these intervention approaches were effective across students, instructional methods, settings, and outcomes, as well as offer recommendations for future research and practice.
On Modeling Protein Superfamilies with Low Primary Sequence Conservation

Motivation: Development of tools for identification of new thioredoxin-fold proteins as well as other proteins belonging to superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. Results: We present several algorithms for identifying thioredoxin (Trx)-fold proteins containing a conserved CxxC motif (two cysteines separated by two residues). The low conservation of primary sequence in this protein superfamily makes conventional methods difficult to use. Therefore, we use structural properties to build our classifiers. These structural properties include secondary structure patterns as well as various properties of the residues in the protein sequences. We use this information to model Trx-fold proteins via hidden Markov models, decision trees, and algorithms in the multipleinstance learning model. In 9-fold and 12-fold jack-knife tests, some of our models performed quite well, with high true positive and true negative rates. In addition, By combining a small number of our classifiers, we can identify 100% of the Trx-fold proteins in these jack-knife tests with moderate false positive rates. We also identified several candidate Trx-fold proteins in the C. jejuni, M. jannaschii, E. coli and S. cerevisiae genomes. Since our techniques are very general, they should be applicable to other superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. Availability: C code available via email from contact author.
Component Connectivity, Team Network Structure and the Attention to Technical Interfaces in Complex Product Development

The development of complex products poses substantial operational and organizational challenges to established firms. Previous research has shown that coordinating technical interdependencies is vital for the successful development of complex products. We integrate research streams in product development and organizational theory to study the determinants of the capability of teams to attend to technical interfaces in complex product development projects. We hypothesize that the connectivity among product components and teams' communication network structure significantly influence their attention to critical technical interfaces. We show that to effectively examine the role of component connectivity and team network structure is essential to recognize the dual role that teams play as acquirers and providers of technical information during the design process. We test our hypotheses by examining the network of components of a large commercial aircraft engine and the technical communication network structure of the organization that designs it. Our findings suggest that the connectivity of product components pose capacity restrictions when teams are requested to provide attention to critical design interfaces while teams with sparse communication networks are more capable of aligning their communication patterns with the design interfaces of the components they design.
Resilience in the Face of Adversity: Stories from Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.

This study explored the school and life experiences of four adults diagnosed with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) from an urban area in western Canada. Semi-structured interviews provided insight into the lives of these adults, including their experiences with this disorder as it related to their social interactions and peer relationships in elementary school, high school, and the community. Their educational and life experiences were examined with the goal of understanding how success is achieved among these individuals. Three major themes emerged from participant interviews: (a) “I don’t fit in”: negative school experiences leading to anger and frustration toward diagnosis; (b) intergenerational alcoholism, child abuse, and drug addiction; and (c) healing the wounds: sources of strength, success, and helping others. Despite the hardships these participants faced, they each found sources of strength and success that have allowed them to be resilient in the face of adversity. ISSN 1918-5227 Pages 5375 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib. uwo.ca/eei This Article Open Access after 1 year is brought to you by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Exceptionality Education International by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact jspecht@uwo.ca. Recommended Citation Knorr, L. , & McIntyre, L. J. (2016) Resilience in the Face of Adversity: Stories from Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Exceptionality Education International, 26, 53-75. Retrieved from https://ir.lib. uwo.ca/eei/vol26/iss1/4 Exceptionality Education International 2016, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 53–75 ISSN 1918-5227 53 Resilience in the Face of Adversity: Stories from Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Lyndsay Knorr, Laureen J. McIntyre University of Saskatchewan
Do smoking and fruit and vegetable intake mediate the association between socio-economic status and plasma carotenoids?

BACKGROUND The aim was to study whether the association between educational attainment and antioxidant status is mediated by smoking and fruit and vegetable intake. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses of the Oslo Youth Study 2006 wave were carried out. Information about education, smoking habits and diet was collected by questionnaire for 261 subjects (142 women and 119 men aged 38-42 years). Blood samples, height and weight measurements were taken by the participants' General Practitioner. Blood were analysed for plasma carotenoids. Linear regression analyses were used to examine whether smoking and fruit and vegetable intake mediate the association between education and plasma carotenoids. RESULTS Educational level was positively associated with β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and lutein/zeaxanthin, but not with total carotenoids, β-carotene or lycopene. Education was negatively associated with smoking and positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake. Smoking was negatively associated with β-cryptoxanthin, and fruit and vegetable intake was positively associated with β-cryptoxanthin (adjusted for educational level). Moreover, cigarette consumption mediated the association between education and β-cryptoxanthin by 37%, while fruit and vegetable intake mediated this association by 18%. The total mediation effect was 55%. CONCLUSION Smoking seemed to be more important as a mediator between education and plasma levels of β-cryptoxanthin than the intake of fruit and vegetables, but more studies are needed to establish the relative importance of smoking and diet as mediators of the association between education and antioxidant status.
Teachers’ Perception of Inequity in the Remuneration System and Their Reactions

The aim of this study is to find out how teachers react when they perceive inequity in a school’s remuneration system. A sample of 115 teachers in Estonia’s second-largest city, Tartu, were questioned. While previous studies have treated a perception of equity or inequity more as an individual construct and discussed reactions to it on an individual level, this research shows that organizational members’ shared opinions about equity or inequity can also influence organizational outcomes. Consequently, suggestions are made for better coping with potential inequity perception in the organization.
Using the fun toolkit and other survey methods to gather opinions in child computer interaction

The paper begins with a review of some of the current literature on the use of survey methods with children. It then presents four known concerns with using survey methods for opinion gathering and reflects on how these concerns may impact on studies in Child Computer Interaction. The paper then investigates the use of survey methods in Child Computer Interaction and investigates the Fun Toolkit. Three new research studies into the efficacy and usefulness of the tools are presented and these culminate in some guidelines for the future use of the Fun Toolkit. The authors then offer some more general guidelines for HCI researchers and developers intending to use survey methods in their studies with children. The paper closes with some thoughts about the use of survey methods in this interesting but complex area.
Evaluación de una estrategia formativa entre iguales en fibromialgia. Un análisis de género

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease found more commonly in women that requires a greater autonomy and self-sufficiency in caremanagement. Objective: To evaluate, from a gender perspective, the strategy for training fibromyalgia patients from the School of Patients,based on training “between peers”. Method: Quantitative study before and after testing, with 600 participants with fibromyalgia.A questionnaire adapted from the Expert Patients Programme at Standford University that includes the following variables: self-perceivedhealth, emotional stress, quality and lifestyle, limitations, relationship with the health care personnel and self-efficacy. The bivariate andmultivariate analysis was used, as well as the analysis of change between pre-test/post-test. Results: Participants in the training (98%women) described a poor health, with high levels of fatigue, pain and limitations, with significant differences according to the sociodemographicprofile. After the training, emotional stress and lifestyle improved, the number of visits to the doctor dropped and diseaseself-management increased. Conclusion: Training between peers represented an effective education strategy and an optimal opportunityto reinforce social commitment and support, with positive results for the emotional health and self-confidence of women with fibromyalgia.
Effects of experiential stimuli on customers’ responses: An example of bed and breakfast websites

Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose four experiential components of e-servicescape that influence customers’ pleasure emotions, satisfaction with bed and breakfast (b&b) websites and behavioral intentions in the context of the b&b industry. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a cross-sectional, self-administered online survey from b&b customers. Findings This study identifies that both perceived enjoyment and social presence represent positive effects on customers’ pleasure emotions and satisfaction with b&b websites. However, flow experience only influences customers’ pleasure emotions, and interactivity only affects customers’ satisfaction with b&b websites. Results from this study confirm that customers’ pleasure emotions influence their satisfaction with b&b websites and their behavioral intentions. Originality/value This paper incorporates the roles of experiential factors of e-servicescape in the context of the b&b industry.
A lock-free B+tree

Lock-free data structures provide a progress guarantee and are known for facilitating scalability, avoiding deadlocks and livelocks, and providing guaranteed system responsiveness. In this paper we present a design for a lock-free balanced tree, specifically, a B+tree. The B+tree data structure has an important practical applications, and is used in various storage-system products. As far as we know this is the first design of a lock-free, dynamic, and balanced tree, that employs standard compare-and-swap operations.
EVALUATING LIFE OR DEATH PROSPECTS

We consider a special set of risky prospects in which the outcomes are either life or death (or, more generally, binary utilities). There are various alternatives to the utilitarian objective of minimizing the expected loss of lives in such prospects. We start off with the two-person case with independent risks and construct taxonomies of ex ante and ex post evaluations for such prospects. We examine the relationship between the ex ante and the ex post in this restrictive framework: There are more possibilities to respect ex ante and ex post objectives simultaneously than in the general framework, i.e. without the restriction to binary utilities (cf. Harsanyi's aggregation theorem). We extend our results to n persons and to dependent risks. We study optimal strategies for allocating risk reductions given different objectives. We place our results against the backdrop of various pro-poorly off (or prioritarian) value functions (Diamond 1967; Rabinowicz 2002; Fleurbaey 2010) for the evaluation of risky prospects.