Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Bibliometric Based Review on Social Entrepreneurship and its Establishment as a Field of Research

This paper provides an overview on the state of art of research on social entrepreneurship and the establishment of this topic in the academic world. It uses scientometric methods, especially bibliometrics, in measuring the maturity of social entrepreneurship research. The empirical part reveals the increasing number of literature, the institutionalization of social entrepreneurship in seven dimensions, the emergence of thematic clusters, and methodological issue. The paper makes concrete suggestions on how to overcome methodological challenges at the boarder of advanced qualitative and early quantitative research designs. Using Harzing’s “Publish or Perish” software this article furthermore provides a ranking of the 20 most cited academic contributions in social entrepreneurship. Surprisingly, almost half of the most cited papers have not been published in journals but in books, rising doubts on the current (over-)rating of journal publications.
Air Pollution and Heart Rate Variability: Effect Modification by Chronic Lead Exposure

Background: Outdoor air pollution and lead exposure can disturb cardiac autonomic function, but the effects of both these exposures together have not been studied. Methods: We examined whether higher cumulative lead exposures, as measured by bone lead, modified cross-sectional associations between air pollution and heart rate variability among 384 elderly men from the Normative Aging Study. We used linear regression, controlling for clinical, demographic, and environmental covariates. Results: We found graded, significant reductions in both high-frequency and low-frequency powers of heart rate variability in relation to ozone and sulfate across the quartiles of tibia lead. Interquartile range increases in ozone and sulfate were associated respectively, with 38% decrease (95% confidence interval = −54.6% to −14.9%) and 22% decrease (−40.4% to 1.6%) in high frequency, and 38% decrease (−51.9% to −20.4%) and 12% decrease (−28.6% to 9.3%) in low frequency, in the highest quartile of tibia lead after controlling for potential confounders. We observed similar but weaker effect modification by tibia lead adjusted for education and cumulative traffic (residuals of the regression of tibia lead on education and cumulative traffic). Patella lead modified only the ozone effect on heart rate variability. Conclusions: People with long-term exposure to higher levels of lead may be more sensitive to cardiac autonomic dysfunction on high air pollution days. Efforts to understand how environmental exposures affect the health of an aging population should consider both current levels of pollution and history of lead exposure as susceptibility factors.
Toroidal versus poloidal magnetic fields in Sun-like stars: a rotation threshold

From a set of stellar spectropolarimetric observations, we report the detection of surface magnetic fields in a sample of four solar-type stars, namely HD 73350, HD 76151, HD 146233 (18 Sco) and HD 190771. Assuming that the observed variability of polarimetric signal is controlled by stellar rotation, we establish the rotation periods of our targets, with values ranging from 8.8 d (for HD 190771) to 22.7 d (for HD 146233). Apart from rotation, fundamental parameters of the selected objects are very close to the Sun’s, making this sample a practical basis to investigate the specific impact of rotation on magnetic properties of Sun-like stars. We reconstruct the large-scale magnetic geometry of the targets as a low-order ( �< 10) spherical harmonic expansion of the surface magnetic field. From the set of magnetic maps, we draw two main conclusions. (i) The magnetic energy of the large-scale field increases with rotation rate. The increase in chromospheric emission with the mean magnetic field is flatter than observed in the Sun. Since the chromospheric flux is also sensitive to magnetic elements smaller than those contributing to the polarimetric signal, this observation suggests that a larger fraction of the surface magnetic energy is stored in large scales as rotation increases. (ii) Whereas the magnetic field is mostly poloidal for low rotation rates, more rapid rotators host a large-scale toroidal component in their surface field. From our observations, we infer that a rotation period lower than ≈12 d is necessary for the toroidal magnetic energy to dominate over the poloidal component.
Understanding emotions from standardized facial expressions in autism and normal development

The study investigated the recognition of standardized facial expressions of emotion (anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness, surprise) at a perceptual level (experiment 1) and at a semantic level (experiments 2 and 3) in children with autism (N= 20) and normally developing children (N= 20). Results revealed that children with autism were as able as controls to recognize all six emotions with different intensity levels, and that they made the same type of errors. These negative findings are discussed in relation to (1) previous data showing specific impairment in autism in recognizing the belief-based expression of surprise, (2) previous data showing specific impairment in autism in recognizing fear, and (3) the convergence of findings that individuals with autism, like patients with amygdala damage, pass a basic emotions recognition test but fail to recognize more complex stimuli involving the perception of faces or part of faces.
A biologically inspired soft exosuit for walking assistance

We present the design and evaluation of a multi-articular soft exosuit that is portable, fully autonomous, and provides assistive torques to the wearer at the ankle and hip during walking. Traditional rigid exoskeletons can be challenging to perfectly align with a wearer’s biological joints and can have large inertias, which can lead to the wearer altering their natural motion patterns. Exosuits, in comparison, use textiles to create tensile forces over the body in parallel with the muscles, enabling them to be light and not restrict the wearer’s kinematics. We describe the biologically inspired design and function of our exosuit, including a simplified model of the suit’s architecture and its interaction with the body. A key feature of the exosuit is that it can generate forces passively due to the body’s motion, similar to the body’s ligaments and tendons. These passively generated forces can be supplemented by actively contracting Bowden cables using geared electric motors, to create peak forces in the suit of up to 200 N. We define the suit–human series stiffness as an important parameter in the design of the exosuit and measure it on several subjects, and we perform human subjects testing to determine the biomechanical and physiological effects of the suit. Results from a five-subject study showed a minimal effect on gait kinematics and an average best-case metabolic reduction of 6.4%, comparing suit worn unpowered versus powered, during loaded walking with 34.6 kg of carried mass including the exosuit and actuators (2.0 kg on both legs, 10.1 kg total).
Network-aware mobile programs

In this paper, we investigate network-aware mobile programs, programs that can use mobility as a tool to adapt to variations in network characteristics. We present infrastructural support for mobility and network monitoring and show how adaptalk, a Java-based mobile Internet chat application can take advantage of this support to dynamically place the chat server so as to minimize response time. Our conclusion was that on-line network monitoring and adaptive placement of shared data-structures can significantly improve performance of distributed applications on the Internet.
Chikungunya Virus Host Range E2 Transmembrane Deletion Mutants Induce Protective Immunity against Challenge in C57BL/6J Mice

ABSTRACT A vaccine against Chikungunya virus (ChikV), a reemerging pathogenic arbovirus, has been made by attenuating wild-type (WT) virus via truncation of the transmembrane domain (TMD) of E2 and selecting for host range (HR) mutants. Mice are a standard model system for ChikV disease and display the same symptoms of the disease seen in humans. Groups of mice were inoculated with one of three ChikV HR mutants to determine the ability of each mutant strain to elicit neutralizing antibody and protective immunity upon virus challenge. One mutant, ChikV TM17-2, fulfilled the criteria for a good vaccine candidate. It displayed no reactogenicity at the site of injection, no tissue disease in the foot/ankle and quadriceps, and no evidence of viral persistence in foot/ankle tissues 21 days after infection. Upon challenge with a highly pathogenic strain of ChikV, the mutant blocked viral replication in all tissues tested. This study identified a ChikV HR mutant that grows to high levels in insect cells but was restricted in the ability to assemble virus in mammalian cells in vitro. The study demonstrates that these HR strains are attenuated in the mammalian host and warrant further development as live-attenuated vaccine strains.
E-Cadherin Is Expressed by Mono- and Multinucleated Histiocytes in Cutaneous Sarcoidal and Foreign Body Granulomas

Abstract:E-cadherin, a member of the cadherin family of transmembrane adhesion receptors, is critical for cutaneous barrier function, as it promotes keratinocyte and Langerhans cell adhesion in the epidermis. Recent murine models of chronic inflammation identified new E-cadherin expressing subsets of mononuclear phagocytes, including alternatively activated macrophages and selected inflammatory dendritic cells. It has been shown in vitro that expression of E-cadherin by murine macrophages promotes their homotypic aggregation and fusion to multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs), a signature cell type of granulomatous inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess E-cadherin expression on histiocytes and giant cells in cutaneous granulomas in humans. E-cadherin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin biopsies of foreign body granulomas (n = 21) and sarcoidosis (n = 21). The results showed consistent membranous E-cadherin staining pattern on mononucleated histiocytes and MNGCs in both granuloma types. These E-cadherin expressing histiocytes are distinct from dermal Langerhans cells because they lacked CD1a expression. Our findings suggest that E-cadherin expressing mononuclear histiocytes are likely precursors for MNGCs in cutaneous granulomas and may play a critical role in disease pathogenesis.
Renormalization Group Flow and Fragmentation in the Self-Gravitating Thermal Gas

The self-gravitating thermal gas (non-relativistic particles of mass m at temperature T) is exactly equivalent to a field theory with a single scalar field ϕ(x) and exponential self-interaction. We build up perturbation theory around a space dependent stationary point ϕ0(r) in a finite size domain σ≤r≤R, (σ << R which is relevant for astrophysical applications (inter stellar medium, galaxy distributions). We compute the correlations of the gravitational potential (ϕ) and of the density and find that they scale; the density correlator scales as r −2. A rich structure emerges in the two-point correlators from the ϕ fluctuations around ϕ0(r). The n-point correlators are explicitly computed to the one loop level. The relevant effective coupling turns out to be λ=4π G m 2/(T R. The renormalization group equations (RGE) for the n-point correlatorare derived and the RG flow for the effective coupling λ(τ), τ=ln(R/σ), explicitly obtained. A novel dependence on τ emerges here. λ(τ) vanishes each time τ approaches discrete values \( \tau = \tau _n = 2\pi n/\sqrt 7 - 0,n = 0,1,2, \ldots \). Such RG stable behaviour [λ(τ) decreasing with increasing τ] is here connected with low density self-similar fractal structures fitting one into another. For sizes smaller than the points τ n , RG unstable behaviour appears which we connect to Jeans' unstable behaviour, growing density and fragmentation. Remarkably, we get a hierarchy of scales and Jeans lengths following the geometric progression \( R_n = R_0 e^{2\pi n/\sqrt 7 } = R_0 [10.749087 \ldots ]^n \). A hierarchy of this type is expected for non-spherical geometries, with a ratio different from \( e^{2n/\sqrt 7 } \).
Strategies to Encourage and Support the Reluctant Middle School Male Reader

Studies (Lee, Grigg, & Donahue, 2007) show that girls outperform boys on reading tests and that boys, especially older boys, are less likely to read for enjoyment in and out of school (Scholastic, 2008). Societal pressure, lack of literacy skills, and lack of motivation are all obstacles that contribute to these findings. In order to raise test scores and the level of reading engagement, teachers, parents, and librarians need to connect these reluctant male readers with books and other reading material that they want to read. Boys prefer nontraditional texts, and though fiction is not a preference, boys crave certain genres and topics. In addition to connecting boys with books, teachers need to establish a learning environment and select instructional strategies that allow boys to be successful in the literature classroom. Including time for leisure reading where books are self-selected and teacher read-aloud is crucial to any literature curriculum. Instructional strategies such as graphic organizers, think aloud strategies, drama, hands-on projects, and literature circles can be selected in an effort to make males feel competent. Differentiated instruction is a template for teachers to incorporate all these options and choices in the content, processes, and products of any unit. With teachers, librarians, and parents working together to implement this research, boys will more likely choose to read. Document Type Thesis Degree Name Master of Education (MEd) Department Graduate Education
An Empirical Examination of Project Leadership Style in an Information Systems Environment

After establishing that leadership is one of the critical success factors in IS projects with the support of literature, this study examines the most appropriate leadership style at the project management level for the successful execution of IS projects. The suitability of Transformational Leadership style in an IS project environment is tested in a survey of Australian IS projects. The leadership behaviour of more and less successful IS project managers as perceived by themselves and their subordinates is analysed in conjunction with other contingency factors influencing project implementation. The results support the proposition that there is a difference in the leadership styles of more and less successful project managers as perceived by their subordinates and that the successful managers exhibit significantly more of Transformational leadership characteristics.
Maritime applications of quantum computation

In this paper, we have presented a succinct introduction to the mathematical building blocks of quantum computing as well as to the foundations of quantum image processing which include two models for image storage, processing and retrieval using quantum mechanics. Finally, we have presented one application of quantum image for phytoplankton analysis as well as one application of quantum computing for passive sonar tracking.
Silencing of the ARP2/3 complex disturbs pancreatic cancer cell migration.

BACKGROUND Actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex is an actin nucleator responsible for actin cytoskeleton branching which is essential for efficient cell migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of the seven ARP2/3 complex subunits was assessed in pancreatic cancer cell lines and in normal pancreatic samples by quantitative RT-PCR. siRNA-mediated silencing was used to study the contribution of each ARP2/3 complex member to pancreatic cancer cell migration. RESULTS ARPC3 and ARPC4 were the most highly expressed complex members, while ARPC1B and ARPC2 were expressed at low levels. Silencing of the ARP2/3 complex subunits typically resulted in reduced cell migration capacity. In particular, silencing of ARPC4 significantly reduced cell migration in all studied cell lines, with a major impact on Hs700T and HPAFII migration (50% and 68% decrease, p<0.001). CONCLUSION We offer comprehensive expression data on the ARP2/3 complex members for pancreatic cancer and normal pancreas. In addition, we show cell line-specific differences in ARP2/3 complex subunit dependency on cell migratory potential, and suggest ARPC4 to be one of the key members of the ARP2/3 complex in pancreatic cancer.
Analyzing and Optimizing Access Control Choice Architectures in Online Social Networks

The way users manage access to their information and computers has a tremendous effect on the overall security and privacy of individuals and organizations. Usually, access management is conducted using a choice architecture, a behavioral economics concept that describes the way decisions are framed to users. Studies have consistently shown that the design of choice architectures, mainly the selection of default options, has a strong effect on the final decisions users make by nudging them toward certain behaviors. In this article, we propose a method for optimizing access control choice architectures in online social networks. We empirically evaluate the methodology on Facebook, the world's largest online social network, by measuring how well the default options cover the existing user choices and preferences and toward which outcome the choice architecture nudges users. The evaluation includes two parts: (a) collecting access control decisions made by 266 users of Facebook for a period of 3 months; and (b) surveying 533 participants who were asked to express their preferences regarding default options. We demonstrate how optimal defaults can be algorithmically identified from users’ decisions and preferences, and we measure how existing defaults address users’ preferences compared with the optimal ones. We analyze how access control defaults can better serve existing users, and we discuss how our method can be used to establish a common measuring tool when examining the effects of default options.
Determination of aortic valve opening time and left ventricular peak filling rate from the peripheral pulse amplitude in patients with ectopic beats

Ectopic beats are common in patients who have heart disease and are associated with reduced peripheral pulse amplitude. This study determined the start of the peripheral pulse increase and from it the opening of the aortic valve. The left ventricular peak filling rate was also estimated from the peripheral pulse. Results were compared with published invasive and cardiac imaging data. Twenty-five subjects with ectopic beat electrocardiograms (ECGs) were studied. The ECGs and the peripheral pulses, detected optically at the right index finger by a simple photoplethysmography (PPG) technique, were recorded for subsequent analysis. Peripheral pulse amplitudes for ectopic beats, post-ectopic sinus beats and normal sinus beats were determined. Ectopic beats induced a mean 68% decrease in pulse amplitude in comparison with sinus beats (p < 0.001). In contrast, the mean pulse amplitude for post-ectopic sinus beats increased by 20% (p < 0.01). Pulse amplitude changes were comparable with the published stroke volume differences for ectopic beats and post-ectopic sinus beats. The range of shortest coupling interval (CI) for ectopic beats with observable pulses was from 373 to 531 ms, with the mean value equivalent to 55% of the mean sinus RR interval, comparable with the opening of the aortic valve. Finally, as the CI increased, the pulse amplitude increased quickly from zero. The average rate of increase was equivalent to 4.8 times the normal sinus amplitude in 1 s, equal to 50% filling in 208 ms, showing diastolic rapid filling, comparable with published left ventricular peak filling rate data. In conclusion, the effect of ectopic beat CI on peripheral pulse amplitude has been determined, providing useful information for developing a technique to determine the opening of the aortic valve and the peak filling rate non-invasively and peripherally in patients with frequent ectopic beats.
Cross‐national invariance of the effect of personal collectivistic orientation on brand loyalty and equity

Purpose – This study seeks to examine whether or not the effect of personal cultural orientation on brand‐related consumer behaviors functions invariably at the individual level in two culturally opposite countries (South Korea and the USA). Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from college students from South Korea and the USA. A total of 415 eligible questionnaires were collected: 212 South Korea and 203 USA. Data analysis was conducted using Multivariate analysis of variance.Findings – It was found that personal collectivistic orientation had a significant effect on both brand loyalty and equity among both Americans and Koreans. Brand loyalty was higher among people of high collectivism than those of low collectivism across brands in both the US and South Korean samples. Likewise, brand equity was also higher among people of high collectivism than those of low collectivism across brands in both countries. These findings indicated that regardless of their national culture, collectivist consu.
Towards Developing a Tool to Detect Phishing URLs: A Machine Learning Approach

Despite efforts to curb online fraud, there continues to be a significant proliferation of fraud in the online space. In the same vein, Phishing attacks are a significant and growing problem for users, and carrying out certain actions such as mouse hovering, clicking, etc., on malicious URLs may cause unwary users to unwittingly fall victim to identity theft and problems. In this paper, we propose a methodology that could be used towards developing an anti-phishing URL tool to thwart a phishing attack by either masking the potentially phishing URL or by alerting the user about the potential threat.
Cyclooxygenase-2 in Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Restrains Atherogenesis in Hyperlipidemic Mice

Background— Placebo-controlled trials of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs selective for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) reveal an emergent cardiovascular hazard in patients selected for low risk of heart disease. Postnatal global deletion of COX-2 accelerates atherogenesis in hyperlipidemic mice, a process delayed by selective enzyme deletion in macrophages. Methods and Results— In the present study, selective depletion of COX-2 in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells depressed biosynthesis of prostaglandin I2 and prostaglandin E2, elevated blood pressure, and accelerated atherogenesis in Ldlr knockout mice. Deletion of COX-2 in vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells coincided with an increase in COX-2 expression in lesional macrophages and increased biosynthesis of thromboxane. Increased accumulation of less organized intimal collagen, laminin, &agr;-smooth muscle actin, and matrix-rich fibrosis was also apparent in lesions of the mutants. Conclusions— Although atherogenesis is accelerated in global COX-2 knockouts, consistent with evidence of risk transformation during chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration, this masks the contrasting effects of enzyme depletion in macrophages versus vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. Targeting delivery of COX-2 inhibitors to macrophages may conserve their efficacy while limiting cardiovascular risk.