Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Football matches and acute cardiac events: potential effects of a complex psychosocial phenomenon on cardiovascular health.

risk among brothel-based female sex workers in China: assessing the terms, content and knowledge of sex work. and meta-analysis of syphilis seroprevalence among female sex workers in China. In: NIH Fogarty International Clinical Scholar Conference. Bethesda, 2010. 5 Uretsky E. 'Mobile men with money': the socio-cultural and politico-economic context of 'high-risk' behaviour among wealthy businessmen and government officials in urban China. prevalence and high risk behaviors among female sex workers in different settings. A et al. Application of cumulative odds logistic model on risk factors analysis for sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Kaiyuan city, Yunnan province, China. HIV knowledge and risk behaviors among 60 syphilis positive street walkers. The influence of power, poverty and agency in the negotiation of condom use for female sex workers in mainland China. Football is a highly popular sport in many countries worldwide. Debate about the association of acute car-diovascular events with watching thrilling football matches goes on. In the latest contribution, Barone-Adesi et al. 1 reviewed the literature on the issue and concluded that spectators are at negligibly increased or no particular cardiovascular risk whatsoever. However, a body of evidence clearly suggests the opposite. With the jury still out, we are awaiting eventual reports on the phenomenon during the World Cup in South Africa. Although a recently published research with systematic review 1 and accompanying commentary 2 favours the hypothesis that the association between football matches and cardiovascular incidents, if any, is not important, a general overlook of published studies suggests that this should perhaps not be the final conclusion. Among four studies of hospital admissions for acute cardiovascular diseases, 1,3–5 two reported no association with the timing of football matches. 1,4 In contrast, admissions for myocardial in-farction were increased in England for 2 days after the penalty elimination of the national team. 3 In the only prospective and otherwise methodologically superior German study, 5 a 2.7-fold increase in the incidence of cardiac emergencies was observed when the national team played; the risk was particularly pronounced in men and among patients with pre-existing coronary disease, and peaked 2 h after the start of the match. More convincingly, among seven studies on cardio-vascular mortality, 6–12 four found an increased mortality , particularly for men, 6,10–12 and one found such a trend in a match with a penalty shoot-out decision.
Is continence status associated with quality of life in young children with spina bifida?

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between child- and parent-reported quality of life (QOL) and bowel and bladder continence among young children with spina bifida (SB). METHODS 104 children ages 5-12 years and one of their parents/guardians completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory - Generic Form (PedsQL; parent and child) and the Quality of Life in Spina Bifida Questionnaire (QOLSBQ, parent only). Data on continence, child age, and condition-specific variables were obtained by chart review. RESULTS Parent and child QOL scores (on all measures of QOL) were positively correlated; parents rated child QOL lower than children's self report. QOL scores did not differ based on continence status. Total PedsQL scores were associated with age and mobility based on child report and with mobility based on parent report. CONCLUSIONS QOL may not be affected by continence status among young children with SB, though demographic (i.e., age) and condition-specific (i.e., functional mobility status) variables appear relevant. Additional research is needed to further evaluate condition-specific variables, other protective variables, and possible measurement issues that influence QOL in young children with SB.
Predicting Cutting Forces for Oblique Machining Conditions

Using orthogonal (plane strain) machining theory together with certain simplifying assumptions based on experimental observations it is shown how the three components of cutting force in oblique machining can be predicted from a knowledge of the work material flow stress and thermal properties and the cutting conditions. A comparison of predicted and experimental cutting force results is given.
Amide Local Anesthetics Potently Inhibit the Human Tandem Pore Domain Background K+ Channel TASK-2 (KCNK5)

Blockade of voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channels by local anesthetics represents the main mechanism for inhibition of impulse propagation. Local anesthetic-induced potassium (K+) channel inhibition is also known to influence transmission of sensory impulses and to potentiate inhibition. K+ channels involved in this mechanism may belong to the emerging family of background tandem pore domain K+ channels (2P K+ channels). To determine more precisely the effects of local anesthetics on members of this ion channel family, we heterologously expressed the 2P K+ channels TASK-2 (KCNK5), TASK-1 (KCNK3), and chimeric TASK-1/TASK-2 channels in oocytes of Xenopus laevis. TASK-2 cDNA-transfected HEK 293 cells were used for single-channel recordings. Local anesthetic inhibition of TASK-2 was dose-dependent, agent-specific, and stereoselective. The IC50 values for R-(+)-bupivacaine and S-(–)-bupivacaine were 17 and 43 μM and for R-(+)-ropivacaine and S-(–)-ropivacaine, 85 and 236 μM. Lidocaine (1 mM) inhibited TASK-2 currents by 55 ± 4%, whereas its quaternary positively charged analog N-ethyl lidocaine (QX314) had no effect. Bupivacaine (100 μM) decreased channel open probability from 20.8 ± 1.6% to 5.6 ± 2.2%. Local anesthetics [300 μM R-(+)-bupivacaine] caused significantly greater depolarization of the resting membrane potential of TASK-2-expressing oocytes compared with water-injected control oocytes (15.8 ± 2.5 mV versus 0.1 ± 0.05 mV; p < 0.001). Chimeric TASK-1/TASK-2 2P K+ channel subunits that retained pH sensitivity demonstrated that the carboxy domain of TASK-2 mediates the greater local anesthetic sensitivity of TASK-2. These results show that clinically achievable concentrations of local anesthetics inhibit background K+ channel function and may thereby enhance conduction blockade.
Essentiality and Toxicity in Copper Health Risk Assessment: Overview, Update and Regulatory Considerations

Copper (Cu), an essential element required as a cofactor and/or structural component of numerous metalloenzymes, is uniquely positioned as a case study for issues associated with the essential metals health risk assessment, because of its extensive database. Essential elements pose distinct challenges when establishing regulatory guidelines because too little as well as too much intake can produce adverse health consequences and the dose-response curve is roughly U-shaped. Thus, conventional health risk assessment paradigms do not apply to essential elements; the dose-response assessment needs to define an acceptable range of oral intake (AROI) which prevents deficiency by meeting nutritional requirements while avoiding toxicity due to high intakes. The conceptual framework for this type of risk assessment includes consideration of biological processes that are unique to essential elements—homeostasis, basal and normative nutritional requirements, bioavailability, and nutrient–nutrient interactions. In this paper, the Cu database on physiology, deficiency, and excess is briefly reviewed in order to establish the range of potential health hazards associated with varying levels of intake. Issues discussed include the (1) development of suitable dose-response methodologies, including appropriate dose and response metrics, for Cu; (2) categorization of severity of response and functional significance; (3) use of endpoints of similar severity and functionality for deficiency and excess in dose-response assessment; (4) development of valid biomarkers for subclinical effects, exposures and susceptibilities. Guideline values for Cu intake have been established by nutritional and toxicologic regulatory or advisory boards. Although regulators are more concerned with the potential human toxicity arising from excessive Cu intake, the preponderance of evidence suggests that deficiency is more of a public health concern than excess.
Energy Consumption Analysis of WLAN, 2G and 3G interfaces

Mobile devices people carry in their pockets every day can use various means to connect to data services all around the Internet, e.g., 2G, 3G and WLAN. This has been an important development towards an easily accessible and always-on the Internet. While radio connectivity, bits rates in particular, has developed tremendously during the recent years, battery technology and electronics has not. Thus, the more we use Internet services on mobile phones, the faster the battery of the device runs out, even within a few hours. This paper analysis various radio technologies found in modern mobile phones, and characterize their power consumption with different uplink and downlink data transfers. We are interested to understand how much energy is needed per bit of user data when sending or receiving data over various wireless links.
A case study of the Architecture Business Cycle for an in-vehicle software architecture

This paper presents the theoretical and practical benefits from a case study using a the Architecture Business Cycle to understand the management of software architecture at an automotive manufacturer. The study was done to prepare for architectural changes driven by new technology and in the automotive business environment. Our results show that the architecture business cycle worked well in defining the theoretical context for the study after some modifications; the architecture had to be precisely defined in the interview situation to gain more useful data rather than broad generalisations. Further contributions of the study were a deeper understanding of role of the architecture and it's position among other artefacts in the organisation, and an increased focus on architectural issues in management meetings. The study also indirectly affected a subsequent re-organisation.
Histological assessment of cervical lymph node identifies patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): Who would benefit from chemoradiation after surgery?

Postoperative chemoradiation (CRT) has been shown to be more effective than postoperative radiotherapy (RT) alone in high risk head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Multimodality therapy is associated with more treatment related‐toxicity. In this study, we assessed cervical lymph node histological characteristics to detect prognostic and predictive value differences to help guide therapeutic decision making.
Learning a Deep Compact Image Representation for Visual Tracking

In this paper, we study the challenging problem of tracking the trajectory of a moving object in a video with possibly very complex background. In contrast to most existing trackers which only learn the appearance of the tracked object online, we take a different approach, inspired by recent advances in deep learning architectures, by putting more emphasis on the (unsupervised) feature learning problem. Specifically, by using auxiliary natural images, we train a stacked de-noising autoencoder offline to learn generic image features that are more robust against variations. This is then followed by knowledge transfer from offline training to the online tracking process. Online tracking involves a classification neural network which is constructed from the encoder part of the trained autoencoder as a feature extractor and an additional classification layer. Both the feature extractor and the classifier can be further tuned to adapt to appearance changes of the moving object. Comparison with the state-of-the-art trackers on some challenging benchmark video sequences shows that our deep learning tracker is more accurate while maintaining low computational cost with real-time performance when our MATLAB implementation of the tracker is used with a modest graphics processing unit (GPU).
Optical Patterning of Photopolymerisable Materials

Holographic recording is an effective approach for photopolymer surface patterning. It has been previously utilised in acrylamide‐based photopolymers and a spatial frequency limit of 200 l/mm has been observed. We report the successful inscription of submicrometer resolution patterns. The spatial frequency response has been extended to 1550 l/mm by introduction of thermal post recording treatment. Initial results from the optical patterning utilising a spatial light modulation (SLM) reveal that the amplitude of the photoinduced surface relief structures is larger in comparison to the amplitude obtained by holographic recording.
On Reusable Projective Garbling Schemes

The popularity of network-based computation has increased during the past years. Storing data and performing computations using for example cloud services is commonplace nowadays. However, the information security in network-based computation rarely is satisfactory. One technique to improve information security for networked computations is based on secure multiparty computations. The idea of multiparty computation originates from Yao, who considered the secure computation with two parties by introducing the technique called garbled circuits. The technique was then generalized, but still the exact definitions for different security measures were not established until Bellare, Hoang and Rogaway proposed a definition of a garbling scheme and several security notions for garbling schemes. This gave inspiration to study the security properties of garbling schemes from different perspectives, including adaptivity and reusability. In this paper, we study the adaptive security for a certain type of reusable garbling schemes. First, we consider general constraints to achieve security for this specific type of garbling schemes. Then we analyze the adaptive security classes of reusable garbling schemes. More specifically, we prove a relation between security classes that has been left open in earlier research.
Co-evolution of source code and the build system

A build system breathes life into source code, as it configures and directs the construction of a software system from textual source code modules. Surprisingly, build languages and tools have not received considerable attention by academics and practitioners, making current build systems a mysterious and frustrating resource to work with. Our dissertation presents a conceptual framework with tool support to recover, analyze and refactor a build system. We demonstrate the applicability of our framework by analyzing the evolution of the Linux kernel build system and the introduction of AOSD technology in five legacy build systems. In all cases, we found that the build system is a complex software system of its own, trying to co-evolve in a synchronized way with the source code while working around shortcomings of the underlying build technology. Based on our findings, we hypothesize four conceptual reasons of co-evolution to guide future research in the area of build systems.
Assembly of layered double hydroxide on multi-walled carbon nanotubes as reinforcing hybrid nanofiller in thermoplastic polyurethane/nitrile butadiene rubber blends

An efficient approach has been applied to assemble MgAl layered double hydroxide onto pristine carbon nanotubes using sodium dodecylsulfate. The assembling process and formation of such hybrid nanostructures were established using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, the hybrid was used as nanofiller in the development of high-performance thermoplastic polyurethane/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (1:1 w/w) blend nanocomposites. Measurements of mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties show that tensile strength, elongation at break and storage modulus improve significantly by 171%, 1.8 times and 241% in a blend with 0.50 wt% loading of hybrid filler. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermal stability of the blend with 0.50 wt% hybrid filler compared to neat material is maximally improved by 20 °C determined at 50% weight loss. Differential scanning calorimetry shows the maximum enhancement in melting temperature (7 °C) and crystallization temperature (31 °C) due to significant nucleation efficiency of the filler, homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interaction between polymer matrix and filler. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Inducing Agrammatic Profiles in Normals: Evidence for the Selective Vulnerability of Morphology under Cognitive Resource Limitation

The selective vulnerability of morphology in agrammatic aphasia is often interpreted as evidence that closedclass items reside in a particular part of the brain (i.e., Broca's area); thus, damage to a part of the language processor maps onto behavior in a transparent fashion. We propose that the selective vulnerability of grammatical morphemes in receptive processing may be the result of decrements in overall processing capacity, and not the result of a selective lesion. We demonstrate agrammatic profiles in healthy adults who have their processing capacity diminished by engaging in a secondary task during testing. Our results suggest that this selective profile does not necessarily indicate the existence of a distinct subsystem specialized for the implicated aspects of syntax, but rather may be due to the vulnerability of these forms in the face of global resource diminution, at least in grammaticality judgment.
Study on Mechanical Property of Corroded R.C. Beam Based on Fractal and Artificial Neural Network

A novel method for prediction on load carrying capacity of corroded R.C. beam (CRCB) is presented in the paper. According to the flexural test results of the CRCBs, it is discovered that the distribution of surface cracks on the beams shows on fractal behavior. The relationship between fractal dimensions and mechanical properties in CRCBs is then studied. A prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is established by the use of the fractal dimension as corrosion index, together with the basic information of the beam. The validity of the prediction model is demonstrated through the experimental data, and the satisfactory results are achieved.
Cyberstalking in a Large Sample of Social Network Users: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Impact Upon Victims

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cyberstalking victimization, characteristics of victims and offenders, and the impact of cyberstalking on the victims' well-being and mental health. An online survey of 6,379 participants was carried out, involving users of the German social network StudiVZ. Subjective mental health status was assessed with the WHO-5 well-being index. The prevalence of cyberstalking was estimated at 6.3%. In various aspects, cyberstalking was comparable to offline stalking: cyberstalking occurred most often in the context of ex-partner relationships; most of the victims were female and the majority of the perpetrators were male. Compared to non-victims, victims of cyberstalking scored significantly poorer on the WHO-5 well-being index. The prevalence of cyberstalking is considerable. However, if stringent definition criteria comparable to those of offline stalking are applied, it is not a mass phenomenon. The negative impact of cyberstalking on the victims' well-being appears similar to that of offline stalking. Hence, cyberstalking should be taken as seriously as offline variants of stalking by legal authorities and victim assistance professionals.
Ultrastretchable, transparent triboelectric nanogenerator as electronic skin for biomechanical energy harvesting and tactile sensing

Stretchable, transparent nanogenerator enabled by ionic hydrogel converts motion energy into electricity and senses touch pressure. Rapid advancements in stretchable and multifunctional electronics impose the challenge on corresponding power devices that they should have comparable stretchability and functionality. We report a soft skin-like triboelectric nanogenerator (STENG) that enables both biomechanical energy harvesting and tactile sensing by hybridizing elastomer and ionic hydrogel as the electrification layer and electrode, respectively. For the first time, ultrahigh stretchability (uniaxial strain, 1160%) and transparency (average transmittance, 96.2% for visible light) are achieved simultaneously for an energy-harvesting device. The soft TENG is capable of outputting alternative electricity with an instantaneous peak power density of 35 mW m−2 and driving wearable electronics (for example, an electronic watch) with energy converted from human motions, whereas the STENG is pressure-sensitive, enabling its application as artificial electronic skin for touch/pressure perception. Our work provides new opportunities for multifunctional power sources and potential applications in soft/wearable electronics.
A Review of PMMA Bone Cement and Intra-Cardiac Embolism

Percutaneous vertebroplasty procedure is of major importance, given the significantly increasing aging population and the higher number of orthopedic procedures related to vertebral compression fractures. Vertebroplasty is a complex technique involving the injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into the compressed vertebral body for mechanical stabilization of the fracture. Our understanding and ability to modify these mechanisms through alterations in cement material is rapidly evolving. However, the rate of cardiac complications secondary to PMMA injection and subsequent cement leakage has increased with time. The following review considers the main effects of PMMA bone cement on the heart, and the extent of influence of the materials on cardiac embolism. Clinically, cement leakage results in life-threatening cardiac injury. The convolution of this outcome through an appropriate balance of complex material properties is highlighted via clinical case reports.