Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonfinancial Factors Associated With Decreased Plasma Viral Load Testing in Ontario, Canada

Objective:To examine whether individual characteristics were associated with differential use of viral load testing when testing is available without charge to all HIV-positive patients with provincial health insurance. Methods:Individuals enrolled in the HIV Ontario Observational Database with complete medication records and health insurance numbers for linkage were studied. Generalized estimating equation regression models were used to examine the relationship between time-varying covariates such as plasma viral load levels, CD4 counts, and antiretroviral regimen characteristics and the number of days between viral load tests and the occurrence of an interval of ≥6 or 9 months between tests. Results:A total of 1032 individuals were included in the analysis with a median follow-up of 4.6 years and a median of 18 viral load tests. In multivariate analyses, clinically important gaps in viral load testing were more likely among injection drug users (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86, P < 0.0001), in more recent years (P < 0.01) and for individuals not using antiretrovirals (OR = 1.70, P < 0.0001) and less likely among individuals using >4 antiretrovirals (OR = 0.62, P < 0.0001). Results were similar when the outcome was the number of days between tests. Conclusions:Injection drug users, younger individuals, and residents of Toronto used fewer viral load tests than other individuals, even when financial barriers to testing were removed.
Understanding collocated social interaction between Pokémon GO players

Pokémon GO, a location-based mobile game with millions of users, offers an opportunity to study how mobile technology can encourage collocated social interaction between people. Despite being predominantly a single-player game, Pokémon GO has been discussed to induce a variety of social interactions between the players. We conducted a qualitative online survey to gain insight on collocated interactions and encounters that take place around the game, and to understand how they relate to the game design. Our analysis shows that the game design promotes encounters between players, the idle time during the game allows various forms of social interaction to take place, and further, the players gain various benefits from exchanging information with each other. Based on the findings, we present design implications for the design of mobile applications or games aiming to encourage collocated social interaction.
Crytotherapy inthemanagement ofcervical ectopy

SUMMARY Sixty five patients with benign ectopy of the uterine cervix were treated by cryosurgery in the departments of genitourinary medicine at St Luke's Hospital, Bradford, and the Airedale General Hospital, West Yorkshire, without analgesia or anaesthesia. A symptomatic cure rate of 98/o was achieved. There were no serious complications. This treatment is considered to be appropriate in genitourinary clinics in the United Kingdom as these have routine screening procedures for various genital infections. They routine vaginal examinations and screening tests for the presence of trachomatis, vaginalis, Candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginalis, and anaerobes. Serological tests for syphilis were performed. Cervical smears, none of which showed atypical cells, were taken from all patients. Patients with genital warts were excluded from the study. The cervix was examined in bright light with the naked eye after being mopped with cotton swabs. Appropriate cervical probes were used according to ectropion, and nitrous gas was used refrigerant (cryosurgical Keymed, A low temperature (- 60°C 70°C) was with the Joule-Thomson effect in cervical probes. Freezing was undertaken for 90 seconds on the first occasion and for on the occasion, one week later. The patients were followed up at six, 12, and (in 20 (30 7 %) cases) 24 weeks.
Weighted Semantic PageRank Using RDF Metadata on Hadoop

PageRank, a representative link-based algorithm, evaluates the importance of Web pages based on the number of inlinks each has. However, this feature may cause a problem in that pages with many in-links can be highly ranked regardless of their importance to the given query. Many methods have attempted to solve this problem by evaluating the weight of the links to stratify their importance. However, these methods have a limitation in that the weight of the links cannot be evaluated by their meaning directly owing to the hyperlink-based Web structure. We therefore propose a new approach to utilize the meaning of links directly by changing from a hyperlink-based Web structure to a semantic-linkbased Web structure. In addition, we implemented the ranking method using the MapReduce framework to improve performance of semantic Big Data processing. The results of our experiment show that our approach outperforms the existing PageRank algorithm.
A phylogeny of freshwater eels inferred from mitochondrial genes.

The genus Anguilla Shaw of Family Anguillidae consists entirely of freshwater eels, including 15 species and 2 subspecies. Conventionally, variegated markings and the length of the dorsal fin are the major morphological features used for reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships. The evolutionary history of these species remains unclear, especially for the Atlantic eels, whose habitats are far from the Metropolis in the Indo-Pacific region. This study reexamined the phylogenetic relationships of 12 Anguilla species by sequencing of the cytochrome b and 12S rRNA genes. In our analysis, species bearing similar coloration patterns or dorsal fin morphology are not necessarily clustered in the same clade, indicating that these morphological features might be unstable or might have occurred independently in different lineages during evolution. Combining our molecular data and geographical evidence, we speculate that (1) Anguilla first radiated about 20 million years ago, (2) the ancestors of Atlantic eels did not migrate by drifting through the Tethys Seaway at the leptocephali stage but instead trekked across the Central American Isthmus to the Sargasso Sea for spawning at the adult stage, and (3) multiple radiation events had occurred at the Metropolis during Anguilla evolution.
A Wideband Millimeter-Wave Frequency Synthesis Architecture Using Multi-Order Harmonic-Synthesis and Variable  $N$-Push Frequency Multiplication

This paper proposes an architecture and design approach for the realization of wideband millimeter-wave frequency synthesizers. This architecture uses two-step multi-order harmonic generation of a low frequency phase-locked signal to generate wideband millimeter-wave frequencies. The first step is implemented using a multi-order digital harmonic synthesis block combined with a multi-phase injection-locked oscillator. A variable N-push frequency multiplier uses the output of the oscillator to implement the second harmonic generation step. A prototype of the proposed system is designed and fabricated in 90 nm CMOS technology. Measurements show that using a phase-locked input signal of 1-1.43 GHz, the system can provide an output which covers the frequency range of 5-32 GHz. This represents a tuning bandwidth of 27 GHz with a tuning range of 146%. The measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset is -116 dBc/Hz and -99 dBc/Hz at 5 GHz and 32 GHz, respectively.
Persistent active avoidance correlates with activity in prelimbic cortex and ventral striatum

Persistent avoidance is a prominent symptom of anxiety disorders and is often resistant to extinction-based therapies. Little is known about the circuitry mediating persistent avoidance. Using a recently described platform-mediated active avoidance task, we assessed activity in several structures with c-Fos immuno-labeling. In Task 1, rats were conditioned to avoid a tone-signaled shock by moving to a safe platform, and then were extinguished over two days. One day later, failure to retrieve extinction correlated with increased activity in the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (PL), ventral striatum (VS), and basal amygdala (BA), and decreased activity in infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL), consistent with pharmacological inactivation studies. In Task 2, the platform was removed during extinction training and fear (suppression of bar pressing) was extinguished to criterion over 3–5 days. The platform was then returned in a post-extinction test. Under these conditions, avoidance levels were equivalent to Experiment 1 and correlated with increased activity in PL and VS, but there was no correlation with activity in IL or BA. Thus, persistent avoidance can occur independently of deficits in fear extinction and its associated structures.
GAYA PENGASUHAN OTORITER DAN PERILAKU BULLYING DI SEKOLAH MENURUNKAN SELF-ESTEEM ANAK USIA SEKOLAH

This research was conducted to examine parenting style, bullying in school, and self-esteem of school-aged children; differences of these variables based on children sex; correlation among variables; and influence of family charactristics, children characteeristics, parenting style, and bullying in schools on self-esteem of schoolaged children. Particpants of this research were 100 students grade 4 and 5 of three public elementary schools; these schools were located in Ciracas Sub District, East Jakarta. Data were collected by self-report of participants. Data analysis used independent sample t-test, correlation test, and multiple regression analysis. The result showed that parenting styles had significant correlation with children sex. The boys tend to be raised with authoritarian parenting style; but the girls tend to be raised with authoritative parenting style. Based on the highest proportion, boys tend to bully others in school but girls tend to be victim of bullying. Authoritarian and victim of verbal bullying positive significantly influenced on decreasing of self-esteem. The result indicated that parents who conduct authoritarian style can cause decreasing self-esteem in school-aged children. The children who became victim of bullying in school also can decrease their self-esteem.
The Long Tail of Language Change: Québécois French Futures in Real Time

Since at least the mid 19th century, the inflected future (IF) in affirmative clauses has steadily declined in Quebecois French (Poplack & Dion 2009). Indeed, Wagner and Sankoff (2011) reported that in the Montreal French 1971 corpus (Sankoff & Cedergren 1972), decreasing age was correlated with decreasing use of affirmative IF. However, they also found that a panel of 59 speakers had significantly increased their use of IF between 1971 and 1984. They proposed that this be interpreted as a case of age grading rather than retrograde
Cervical cancer, a disease of poverty: mortality differences between urban and rural areas in Mexico.

OBJECTIVE To examine cervical cancer mortality rates in Mexican urban and rural communities, and their association with poverty-related factors, during 1990-2000. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed data from national databases to obtain mortality trends and regional variations using a Poisson regression model based on location (urban-rural). RESULTS During 1990-2000 a total of 48,761 cervical cancer (CC) deaths were reported in Mexico (1990 = 4,280 deaths/year; 2000 = 4,620 deaths/year). On average, 12 women died every 24 hours, with 0.76% yearly annual growth in CC deaths. Women living in rural areas had 3.07 higher CC mortality risks compared to women with urban residence. Comparison of state CC mortality rates (reference = Mexico City) found higher risk in states with lower socio-economic development (Chiapas, relative risk [RR] = 10.99; Nayarit, RR = 10.5). Predominantly rural states had higher CC mortality rates compared to Mexico City (lowest rural population). CONCLUSIONS CC mortality is associated with poverty-related factors, including lack of formal education, unemployment, low socio-economic level, rural residence and insufficient access to healthcare. This indicates the need for eradication of regional differences in cancer detection. This paper is available too at: http://www.insp. mx/salud/index.html.
Intensity distortion induced by cross-phase modulation and chromatic dispersion in optical-fiber transmissions with dispersion compensation

In dispersion compensated systems, the intensity distortion induced by the interplay between cross-phase modulation and fiber chromatic dispersion can be a primary cause of transmission degradation. This interplay is mostly studied by time-consuming computer simulations. This letter introduces a new model of this interplay in fiber transmissions with dispersion compensation, leading to a linear filter that, applied to the input intensity of a modulated interfering channel, gives the intensity distortion of a continuous-wave probe signal at the receiver. The model can be of significant value in the search for optimized dispersion maps.
Can You Say It Another Way? Cognitive Factors in Bilingual Children's Pragmatic Language Skills

Pragmatic differentiation in bilinguals is the ability to use two languages appropriately with different speakers. Although some sensitivity emerges by 2 years, the effects of context on these skills and their relation to other developing metacognitive capacities have not been examined. The current study compared the language use of 28 bilingual children (aged 2;7 to 3;10 and 4;1 to 4;11) across two tasks. All children were bilingual in English and Marathi, an Indian language. Theory of mind measures were included to assess whether developing cognitive capacities relate to pragmatic language ability. Results indicated that pragmatic differentiation is not an all-or-none ability but one which develops during the preschool years and varies based on the conversational context. This development is also related to metacognitive abilities which emerge during this time.
Clinical vitamin B6 analysis: an interlaboratory comparison of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate measurements in serum.

BACKGROUND Recent investigations into the role vitamin B(6) plays in reducing risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease have heightened interest in vitamin B(6) intake and its relationship to clinical status indicators. Because a true reference method and certified reference materials are lacking, little is known about the relative analytical performance of clinical vitamin B(6) assays. METHODS Ten laboratories experienced in clinical vitamin B(6) analysis participated in a 3-day analysis of 69 serum and 3 aqueous specimens for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). Laboratories used either HPLC-based or enzymatic assays. Results were analyzed for imprecision, recovery, and bias relative to consensus means. RESULTS Among laboratories, mean within-day CVs (3 specimens x 3 measurements/day) were 0.6%-37% and between-day CVs (20 specimens x 1 measurement/day x 3 days) were 1.4%-26%. Mean recoveries of added PLP were 53%-144%, and mean sample pool mixing recoveries were 75%-119%. Consensus means calculated for 20 serum specimens gave mean relative biases between measurement of -10.0% to 24.3% among participating laboratories over a range of 15.8-319 nmol/L PLP. Measurement imprecision and biases were evaluated against empirically derived performance criteria based on biological variation. Three of 10 laboratories met optimum imprecision requirements and had 90% or more of measurements satisfy optimum criteria for biases among methods. All 10 laboratories met minimum imprecision requirements, but 25%-53% of the results reported by 4 of the 7 suboptimal laboratories failed to satisfy the minimum criteria for bias. CONCLUSION Agreement among vitamin B(6) methods is good, but large differences in laboratory proficiency exist, pointing to the need for vitamin B(6) reference materials and external quality assurance programs.
An Assessment of Social Networking Intervention With Older Chinese Adults in Hong Kong

Purpose: This article assessed the effectiveness of social networking strategies (networking strategic initiative [NSI]) to overcome stressful life events experienced in normal aging in Hong Kong. Method: A three-wave quasi-experimental panel design with an overall sample consisting of n = 288 Chinese elderly placed into two groups: NSI group: n 1 = 175 and comparison group: n 2 = 113. Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted for over 30 months. Five outcome measures including subjective well-being, self-esteem, locus of control, sense of belonging, and collective power were investigated, using a generalized linear mixed model for repeated measurements. Results: Findings revealed those who were continuously active throughout the intervention period experienced considerable increases in self-esteem and sense of belonging. Conclusion: No appreciable effects on any of the five outcome measures were found for those who were enrolled in the program and were inactive. The findings provide significant implications for future practice with community-dwelling elderly Chinese populations in Hong Kong and elsewhere.
State Estimation for Linear Scalar Dynamic Systems with Additive Cauchy Noises: Characteristic Function Approach

Uncertainties in many practical systems, such as radar glint and sonar noise, have impulsive character and are better described by heavy-tailed non-Gaussian densities, for example, the Cauchy probability density function (pdf). The Cauchy pdf does not have a well defined mean and its second moment is infinite. Nonetheless, the conditional density of a Cauchy random variable, given a scalar linear measurement with an additive Cauchy noise, has a conditional mean and a finite conditional variance. In particular, for scalar discrete linear systems with additive process and measurement noises described by Cauchy pdfs, the unnormalized characteristic function of the conditional pdf is considered. It is expressed as a growing sum of terms that at each measurement update increases by one term, constructed from four new measurement-dependant parameters. The dynamics of these parameters is linear. These parameters are shown to decay, allowing an approximate finite dimensional recursion. From the first two differen.
Efficacy of Pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) Peel Extract Against Hymenolepis nana in infections Mice

To investigate the efficacy of pomegranate (Punica granatum) as an alternative and safe treatment against Hymenolipes nana through experimental study on the white laboratory mice. Twenty eight Swiss albino mice naturally infected with Hymenolipes nana. Animals were divided into four groups, one group as control and groups 2-4 were fed daily with dose 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml and 1.5 ml pomegranate peel extract (300 mg/kg) respectively, The egg counts per gram (EPG) one day before treatment and on day 1, 7, 14, and 21 after treatment . All animals were then sacrificed under on day 21. The content of intestines were examined for the presence of worms and counting. Results from current Study revealed that, pomegranate peel extract was lead to reduce the eggs output in fecal pellets of treated infected groups comparing with control group. In addition, the different doses 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml and 1.5 ml of a pomegranate peel extract demonstrated a directly proportional reduction in EPG count (31.5, 38.6 and 43.5) respectively. On the other hand, the number of worms at necropsy was decreased (15.6 ±2.6, 8.4 ±2.1 and 5.7±2.5) in treated infected groups (0.5 ml, 1.0 ml and 1.5 ml) respectively. The findings of this study indicate that Pomegranate peel extract has active role to treat infection of H. nana due to possesses potential anti-cestodal activity.
Facial Attractiveness Ratings from Video-Clips and Static Images Tell the Same Story

Most of what we know about what makes a face attractive and why we have the preferences we do is based on attractiveness ratings of static images of faces, usually photographs. However, several reports that such ratings fail to correlate significantly with ratings made to dynamic video clips, which provide richer samples of appearance, challenge the validity of this literature. Here, we tested the validity of attractiveness ratings made to static images, using a substantial sample of male faces. We found that these ratings agreed very strongly with ratings made to videos of these men, despite the presence of much more information in the videos (multiple views, neutral and smiling expressions and speech-related movements). Not surprisingly, given this high agreement, the components of video-attractiveness were also very similar to those reported previously for static-attractiveness. Specifically, averageness, symmetry and masculinity were all significant components of attractiveness rated from videos. Finally, regression analyses yielded very similar effects of attractiveness on success in obtaining sexual partners, whether attractiveness was rated from videos or static images. These results validate the widespread use of attractiveness ratings made to static images in evolutionary and social psychological research. We speculate that this validity may stem from our tendency to make rapid and robust judgements of attractiveness.
RESEARCH NOTES AND COMMUNICATIONS A META-ANALYSIS ON THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF DEVIL'S ADVOCACY AND DIALECTICAL INQUIRY

The use of meta-analysis allows lls to draw stronger inferences from past research than are possible from traditional literature. In this paper the general plurpose of meta-analysis is discussed, and it is used to resolve a dispute regarding a collection of studies in strategic management dealing with devil's advocacy and dialectical inquiry. The use of nmeta-analysis leads to different conclusions from those drawn in an earlier review of these studies. At the end of the paper the limitations and potential uses of meta-analysis in strategic management are discussed.
NMDA‐mediated release of glutamate and GABA in the subthalamic nucleus is mediated by dopamine: an in vivo microdialysis study in rats

The present study investigated the effects of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid·H2O (NMDA) on the dopamine, glutamate and GABA release in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) by using in vivo microdialysis in rats. NMDA (100 μmol/L) perfused through the microdialysis probe evoked an increase in extracellular dopamine in the STN of the intact rat of about 170%. This coincided with significant increases in both extracellular glutamate (350%) and GABA (250%). The effect of NMDA perfusion on neurotransmitter release at the level of the STN was completely abolished by co‐perfusion of the selective NMDA‐receptor antagonist MK‐801 (10 μmol/L), whereas subthalamic perfusion of MK‐801 alone had no effect on extracellular neurotransmitter concentrations. Furthermore, NMDA induced increases in glutamate were abolished by both SCH23390 (8 μmol/L), a selective D1 antagonist, and remoxipride (4 μmol/L), a selective D2 antagonist. The NMDA induced increase in GABA was abolished by remoxipride but not by SCH23390. Perfusion of the STN with SCH23390 or remoxipride alone had no effect on extracellular neurotransmitter concentrations. The observed effects in intact animals depend on the nigral dopaminergic innervation, as dopamine denervation, by means of 6‐hydroxydopamine lesioning of the substantia nigra, clearly abolished the effects of NMDA on neurotransmitter release at the level of the STN. Our work points to a complex interaction between dopamine, glutamate and GABA with a crucial role for dopamine at the level of the STN.
Cross-Reactivity of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cryptococcus Species in the Commercial Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay

ABSTRACT Cross-reactivity in the Platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay was evaluated using 120 sera from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and cryptococcosis. At a cutoff value of 0.5, positivity rates were 50%, 67%, and 50%, respectively. The implications for these findings are discussed.