Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Status, gender, and the politics of emotional authenticity

In this chapter, we focus on observations of emotional authenticity in everyday social relations: what criteria do observers use to determine whether another’s emotions are authentic or not? And, what are the consequences of their perceptions? We emphasize that the observer’s perception of emotional authenticity is important for the study of social relations, but that these perceptions are disputable. As a result, assessments of emotional authenticity are potential areas of contention. We then contextualize perceptions of emotional authenticity in terms of the role that these perceptions play in competition for status and power. We examine how status-related biases and motivational factors affect perceptions of emotional authenticity, and in particular, we focus on biases concerning gender. We examine these biases through the dimensions of emotional authenticity identified by Salmela (2005): sincerity, rationality, and autonomy. We conclude with a brief discussion of the consequences that such observations have for targets and the question that ultimately arises from perceptions of emotional authenticity: who precisely holds the right to determine authentic emotion.
Upregulation of Autophagy-Related Gene-5 (ATG-5) Is Associated with Chemoresistance in Human Gastric Cancer

Autophagy-related gene-5 (ATG-5) is one of the key regulators of autophagic cell death. It has been widely regarded as a protective molecular mechanism for tumor cells during the course of chemotherapy. In the present study, we investigated the expression pattern of ATG-5 and multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1) in 135 gastric cancers (GC) patients who were treated with epirubicin, cisplatin and 5-FU adjuvant chemotherapy (ECF) following surgical resection and explored their potential clinical significance. We found that both ATG-5 (77.78%) and MRP-1 (79.26%) were highly expressed in GC patients. ATG-5 expression was significantly associated with depth of wall invasion, TNM stages and distant metastasis of GC (P<0.05), whereas MRP-1 expression was significantly linked with tumor size, depth of wall invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages and differentiation status (P<0.05). ATG-5 expression was positively correlated with MRP-1 (rp = 0.616, P<0.01). Increased expression of ATG-5 and MPR-1 was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS; P<0.01) and disease free survival (DFS; P<0.01) of our GC cohort. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ATG-5 was involved in drug resistant of GC cells, which was mainly through regulating autophagy. Our data suggest that upregulated expression of ATG-5, an important molecular feature of protective autophagy, is associated with chemoresistance in GC. Expression of ATG-5 and MRP-1 may be independent prognostic markers for GC treatment.
Reconstructing digital literacy in a constructionist computer club: the role of motivation, interest, and inquiry in children's purposive technology use

The lives of young people in the United States are unquestionably media-saturated. Children increasingly have access to more and more media in multiple forms and spheres. We don't yet fully understand what activities child enthusiasts engage in, how they come to adopt these activities, and how various types of technology use influence them. This study investigates digital literacy development across time among participants within a voluntary, after-school computer club consisting of seventeen fourth, fifth and sixth-grade child technology enthusiasts. The computer club was designed using Constructionism as a framework for action (Harel & Papert, 1991), and the study employs the design-based research method (e.g., Barab & Squire, 2004; Wang & Hannafin, 2005). The project involves participants' interest-driven blogging, online inquiry, design with Powerpoint, and digital video creation with standard-issue technologies available in today's schools. The computer club represents an “idealistic” research environment to the extent that it engages young learners in technology activities that are uncommon for children of this age. Findings suggest that multiple domains of variables play a role in learning and digital skills outcomes: the technology use environments (physical, interpersonal and technological); behavioral activities of individuals; cognitive activity of individuals; and individual indicators/outcomes such as interest development, self-determination, and intrinsic motivation. Findings also indicate that narrative aspects of the activities promoted may lead to greater levels of metacognitive enactment by students as they engage with technology as a tool for interest-driven inquiry and learning.
Integrating Adaptive Hypermedia Techniques and Open RDF-based Environments

The World Wide Web has not only revolutionized the area of tra- ditional hypermedia, it is also starting to influence adaptive hyper- media research. The main feature of the World Wide Web has been simplicity, standards based protocols and formats, and open envi- ronments and systems. In this paper we will investigate the poten- tial of these aspects for adaptive hypermedia systems, based on a discussion of existing standards useful for adaptive hypermedia and on experiences we have gained through an RDF-based P2P infras- tructure we have been developing in the context of several projects.
Adaptive inlining and on-stack replacement in the CACAO virtual machine

Method inlining is a well-known and effective optimization technique for object-oriented programs. In the context of dynamic compilation, method inlining can be used as an adaptive optimization in order to eliminate the overhead of frequently executed calls. This work presents an implementation of method inlining in the CACAO virtual machine. On-stack replacement is used for installing optimized code and for deoptimizing code when optimistic assumptions of the optimizer are broken by dynamic class loading. Three inlining heuristics are compared using empirical results from a set of benchmark programs. The best heuristic eliminates 51.5% up to 99.96% of all executed calls and improves execution time up to 18%.
CASP9 assessment of free modeling target predictions

We present an overview of the ninth round of Critical Assessment of Protein Structure Prediction (CASP9) “Template free modeling” category (FM). Prediction models were evaluated using a combination of established structural and sequence comparison measures and a novel automated method designed to mimic manual inspection by capturing both global and local structural features. These scores were compared to those assigned manually over a diverse subset of target domains. Scores were combined to compare overall performance of participating groups and to estimate rank significance. Moreover, we discuss a few examples of free modeling targets to highlight the progress and bottlenecks of current prediction methods. Notably, a server prediction model for a single target (T0581) improved significantly over the closest structure template (44% GDT increase). This accomplishment represents the “winner” of the CASP9 FM category. A number of human expert groups submitted slight variations of this model, highlighting a trend for human experts to act as “meta predictors” by correctly selecting among models produced by the top‐performing automated servers. The details of evaluation are available at http://prodata.swmed. edu/CASP9/. © Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Autonomous System for Air Traffic Control in Terminal Airspace

In this article we present recent work towards the development of an autonomous system that performs conflict resolution and arrival scheduling for aircraft in the terminal airspace around an airport. An autonomous air traffic control system is defined as a system that can safely solve the major traffic management problems currently handled by human controllers. It has the potential to handle higher traffic levels and a mix of conventional and unmanned aerial vehicles with reduced dependency on controllers. The main objective of this paper is to describe the fundamental trajectory algorithms that must be incorporated in such a system. These algorithms generate arrival trajectories that are free of conflicts with other traffic, and meet scheduled times of arrival for landing with specified in-trail spacings. The maneuvers the system employs to resolve separation and spacing conflicts include speed control, horizontal maneuvers, and altitude changes. Furthermore, the system can reassign arrival aircraft to a different runway in order to reduce delays. Examples of problems solved and performance statistics from a fast-time simulation using simulated traffic of arrivals and departures at the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport and Dallas Love Field Airport are also provided.
Computing Many-to-Many Shortest Paths Using Highway Hierarchies

We present a fast algorithm for computing all shortest paths between source nodes s ∈ S and target nodes t ∈ T. This problem is important as an initial step for many operations research problems (e.g., the vehicle routing problem), which require the distances between S and T as input. Our approach is based on highway hierarchies, which are also used for the currently fastest speedup techniques for shortest path queries in road networks. We show how to use highway hierarchies so that for example, a 10 000 × 10 000 distance table in the European road network can be computed in about one minute. These results are based on a simple basic idea, several refinements, and careful engineering of the approach. We also explain how the approach can be parallelized and how the computation can be restricted to computing only the k closest connections.
Increase in cervical cancer mortality in Spain, 1951-1991.

BACKGROUND: The trend in cervical cancer mortality in Spain from 1951 to 1991 is examined. METHODS: Analysis of national mortality statistics calculating age standardised mortality rates and an age-period cohort analysis. A fit to the Gompertz function was made to estimate the influence of the environmental factors on the mortality rates evolution. MAIN RESULTS: The age standardised mortality rate in Spain is lower than in other developed countries (USA or Estonia) and equal to Norwegian and Finland rates; but whereas in these countries the trend is to decrease, the Spanish rate has increased during this period, because of a cohort effect. A misclassification bias could be responsible for the trend in women aged 40 and older but the increasing trend in younger women could not be interpreted as espurious. The Gompertzian analysis suggests an increase in environmental factors causing cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical cancer mortality rates are increasing in Spain because of environmental factors.
Prediction of EM Radiation from a PCB Driven by a Connected Feed Cable

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) driven by a connected feed cable are considered to be one of the main sources of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from electronic devices. In this paper, a method for predicting the electromagnetic (EM) radiation from a PCB driven by a connected feed cable at up to gigahertz frequencies is proposed and demonstrated. The predictive model is based on the transmission line theory and current- and voltage-driven CM generation mechanisms with consideration of antenna impedance. Frequency responses of differential-mode (DM) and common-mode (CM) currents and far-electric field were investigated experimentally and with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling. First, the dominant component in total EM radiation from the PCB was identified by using the Source-Path-Antenna model. Although CM can dominate the total radiation at lower frequencies, DM is the dominant component above 3 GHz. Second, the method for predicting CM component at lower frequencies is proposed. And its validity was discussed by comparing FDTD calculated and measured results. Specifically, the relationship between the CM current and the terminating resistor was focused as important consequence for the prediction. Good agreement between the measured and predicted results shows the validity of the predicted results. The proposed model can predict CM current with sufficient accuracy, and also identify the primary coupling-mechanism of CM generation. Then far-electric field was predicted by using the proposed method, and it was demonstrated that outline of the frequency response of the undesired EM radiation from the PCB driven by the connected feed cable can be predicted with engineering accuracy (within 6 dB) up to 18 GHz. Finally, as example of application of equivalent circuit model to EMC design, effect of the width of the ground plane was predicted and discussed. The equivalent circuit model provides enough flexibility for different geometrical parameters and increases our ability to provide insights and design guidelines.
Establishing an empirical profile of self-defined “tone deafness”: Perception, singing performance and self-assessment

Abstract Research has suggested that around 17% of Western adults self-define as “tone deaf” (Cuddy, Balkwill, Peretz & Holden, 2005). But questions remain about the exact nature of tone deafness. One candidate for a formal definition is “congenital amusia” (Peretz et al., 2003), characterised by a dense music-specific perceptual deficit. However, most people self-defining as tone deaf are not congenially amusic (Cuddy et al., 2005). According to Sloboda, Wise and Peretz (2005), the general population defines tone deafness as perceived poor singing ability, suggesting the need to extend investigations to production abilities and self-perceptions. The present research aims to discover if self-defined tone deaf people show any pattern of musical difficulties relative to controls, and to offer possible explanations for them (e.g. perceptual, cognitive, productive, motivational). 13 self-reporting “tone deaf” (TD) and 17 self-reporting “not tone deaf” (NTD) participants were assessed on a range of measures for musical perception, cognition, memory, production and self-ratings of performance. This paper reports on four measures to assess perception (Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia), vocal production (songs and pitch-matching) and self-report. Results showed that the TD group performed significantly less well than the NTD group in all measures, but did not demonstrate the dense deficits characteristic of “congenital amusics”. Singing performance was influenced by context, with both groups performing better when accompanied than unaccompanied. The TD group self-rated the accuracy of their singing significantly lower than the NTD group, but not disproportionately so, and were less confident in their vocal quality. The TD participants are not facing an insurmountable difficulty, but are likely to improve with targeted intervention.
Validity of non-invasive methods for body composition measurements in older adults

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in relation to dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (i.e. the reference standard). Methods: Sixty-three older adults aged 60-96 years (40 men, 23 women). Body percent fat (%BF) was estimated by BIA, ADP and DXA. Single frequency (50Hz) BIA that measures whole body impedance was used and Kyle’s equation was applied to estimate fat-free mass. Paired sample t-test, absolute percent errors and Cohen’s d were used to evaluate differences among the 3 different methods. Methods agreement was assessed by Pearson’s correlation, regression analysis and Bland-Altman plots. Classification agreement of obesity was evaluated using Kappa statistics. Results: ADP and BIA significantly overestimated %BF relative to DXA by 3.3% and 3.1%, yielding absolute errors of 14.1% and 12.4%, respectively. However, ADP (Cohen’s d=0.35) had better agreement with DXA and BIA (Cohen’s d=0.40). Regression analysis indicated smaller individual variations of ADP (SEE=3.23) compared to BIA (SEE=4.78). In addition, ADP (Kappa=0.58) showed better obesity classification agreement relative to DXA in comparison with BIA (Kappa = 0.35). However, Bland-Altman plots showed a positive proportional pattern (Slope= 0.24, R=0.24, p<0.05) of biases in ADP, while no systematic pattern of biases was observed for BIA. A gender difference was also detected, indicating a better agreement in males than females. Conclusion: Given that both BIA and ADP had acceptable agreement with DXA in estimating %BF of older adults, ADP showed relatively better agreement in body composition measurement (i.e. %BF) and obesity classification in
Journal of pediatric psychology: A brief history (1969-1999)

mation is not, to my knowledge, condensed in any other format. Five former Editors of JPP were identified and their terms confirmed: Diane J. Willis, PhD, 1973– 1975, Don Routh, PhD, 1976–1982, Gerald Koocher, PhD, 1983–87; Michael Roberts, PhD, 1988–1992, and Annette La Greca, PhD, 1993–1997. The current Editor, Anne E. Kazak, PhD, 1998–2002, invited each of them to assist with the preparation of this article. All agreed. Prior to being officially designated the Journal of Pediatric Psychology in 1975, a newsletter called Pediatric Psychology was first distributed in 1969 and edited by Gail Gardner, PhD, at New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center. She was succeeded by Allan Barclay, PhD, from St. Louis University, through 1973. Dr. Gardner died in 1984. However, Dr. Barclay was contacted and agreed to contribute to the preparation of this article. Each of the former JPP editors received a questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire consisted of a chart in which information regarding the editor’s affiliation, volume numbers, graduate school and internship, research interests during his or her term, and associate editors was requested. The second part consisted of three open-ended questions: (1) What were a few key developments in the journal that occurred during your term? (2) What themes were prominent and reflected in the journal during your watch? (3) How do you measure the maturity of a journal? Former editors were asked if they had any other materials that might be helpful for the project. The questionnaire concluded with a request for a photograph of each editor. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Vol. 25, No. 7, 2000, pp. 463–470
Adaptive under-actuated anthropomorphic hand: ISR-SoftHand

ISR-Softhand is a novel under-actuated self contained anthropomorphic robotic hand which takes advantage of elastic joints and soft pads. The integrated compliance in the hand's joint allows for a very good adaptability to a wide range of objects. It can achieve the top ten grasps with highest frequency of usage by humans, with only three actuators.
A finite-dimensional robust controller for systems in the CD-algebra

Robust multivariable controllers for stable infinite-dimensional systems in the Callier-Desoer (CD) algebra are discussed. In particular, the following robust regulation problem is solved. Given reference and disturbance signals, which are linear combinations of signals of the form t/sup j/ sin(/spl omega//sub k/t+/spl phi//sub k/), j/spl ges/0, k=0, /spl middot//spl middot//spl middot/, n, find a low-order finite-dimensional controller so that the outputs asymptotically track the reference signals, asymptotically reject the disturbance signals, and the closed-loop system is stable and robust with respect to a class of perturbations in the plant. The proposed controller consists of a positive scalar gain /spl epsi/ and certain polynomial matrices K/sub k/(s) for k=0, /spl middot//spl middot//spl middot/, n. The main result of the paper shows that the matrices K/sub k/(s) must satisfy certain stability conditions involving the values of the plant transfer function only at the reference and disturbance signal frequencies /spl omega//sub k/ for k=0, /spl middot//spl middot//spl middot/, n. The controller has unstable poles on the imaginary axis. The behavior of these poles as a function of the scalar parameter /spl epsi/ in the form of a Puiseux series is given.
Ssr2998 of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Is Involved in Regulation of Cyanobacterial Electron Transport and Associated with the Cytochrome b6f Complex*

To analyze the function of a protein encoded by the open reading frame ssr2998 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the corresponding gene was disrupted, and the generated mutant strain was analyzed. Loss of the 7.2-kDa protein severely reduced the growth of Synechocystis, especially under high light conditions, and appeared to impair the function of the cytochrome b6 f complex. This resulted in slower electron donation to cytochrome f and photosystem 1 and, concomitantly, over-reduction of the plastoquinone pool, which in turn had an impact on the photosystem 1 to photosystem 2 stoichiometry and state transition. Furthermore, a 7.2-kDa protein, encoded by the open reading frame ssr2998, was co-isolated with the cytochrome b6 f complex from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. ssr2998 seems to be structurally and functionally associated with the cytochrome b6 f complex from Synechocystis, and the protein could be involved in regulation of electron transfer processes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
Encoding Carrier amplitude Modulations via Stochastic phase Synchronization

The firings of excitable systems can phase lock to periodic forcing. In many situations however, the firings are separated by a random number of forcing cycles, even though they occur near a preferred phase of the forcing. Also, the associated interspike interval histograms display peaks over a continuous range of integer multiples of the forcing period, and the peak heights are a unimodal function of increasing multiples of the period. This paper focusses on these patterns of stochastic phase synchronization and their alteration by physiologically relevant stimuli that modulate the amplitude of the periodic forcing. Specifically, two regimes of the FitzHugh–Nagumo system exhibiting stochastic phase locking are considered. We discuss how internal noise, originating from e.g. synaptic or conductance fluctuations, must interact with either suprathreshold or subthreshold dynamics, and in some instances with subthreshold chaos, to produce such firing patterns. These responses to constant amplitude "carriers" are then compared to those from carriers with random band-limited amplitude modulations (AM's). The comparison is based on the mean firing rate, as well as phase synchronization computed using a suitably defined input–output phase difference. Further, using the stimulus reconstruction technique to characterize synchrony between random AM's and spikes, the internal noise is shown to help transmit information about random carrier AM's in the subthreshold and slightly suprathreshold cases. This transmission also depends nonmonotonically on the carrier frequency. Our results provide biophysical insight into the dynamics of neural signal encoding that combines a mean rate code on long time scales and a precise temporal code based on phase locking on the shorter time scale of the carrier period.