Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
History and Evolutionary Th eory

Th e historical turn in organization studies has brought with it increased attention to context, contingency, and the importance of time and place. For all scholars of organizations, this comes as welcome news. Organizations, as fundamentally social units, have a reciprocal relationship with their socio-historical environments. Just as organizations shape and give meaning to social life, they are themselves shaped by the worlds they inhabit. Given the complexity of organizations and their environments, it is likely that no two organizations have identical experiences, even in the same historical era or during the same event. A new wave of research focusing on the historical dynamics within and external to organizations highlights these nuances. However, the growth of historical research on organizations seems somewhat disconnected from the trajectory of mainstream organizational scholarship. If anything, the new historical literature may well be developing on a path parallel and unconnected to more traditional, deductive research on organizations and organizational dynamics. Much of this divergence can be traced (as has been done skillfully in other chapters in this volume) to the continuing tension between narrative/interpretive historical approaches and the deductive/structural approaches that came to the fore not only in organization studies but also in the other social and management sciences in the mid-20th century. Indeed, over the past decade, several commentaries in the Academy of Management Journal have attempted to persuade a seemingly skeptical readership about the value of the narrative/interpretive qualitative analysis of “cases. ” Th e commentators tried to assuage fears that historical scholarship poses a threat to the mainstream, as they treated case studies of the sort conducted by historically minded organizational scholars as a preliminary step to “real” theory building and testing (Eisenhardt and Graebner, 2007; Siggelkow, 2007). Th ough they are not identical, historical research on organizations shares with qualitative research an attention to narrative and interpretive inquiry. In this regard, the new historical research, along with other narrative/interpretive
Determinants of Attitudes Toward Physical Education

The development of positive attitudes toward physical education has been a longstanding and desirable goal of the program of physical education. The intent of this investigation was to identify those aspects of the program students reported as turning them on to or turning them off from physical education. The critical incident report was the tool used to gather information. The subjects (N = 100) classified the reported incidents as either positive or negative, and their comments were then categorized into five broad categories: (a) teacher, (b) curriculum, (c) atmosphere of the classroom, (d) peer behavior, and (e) perceptions of self. Further classification occurred within each category. The results indicated that the items most frequently mentioned in relation to both positive and negative attitudes related to the teacher and the curriculum. Some interesting patterns evolved both within and between the various categories. The most encouraging aspect of the investigation is that the great majority of c.
Mobile-Ion-Induced Degradation of Organic Hole-Selective Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

Organometal halide perovskites are mixed electronic–ionic semiconductors. It is imperative to develop a deeper understanding of how ion-migration behavior in perovskites impacts the long-term operational stability of solar cells. In this work, we found that ion penetration from the perovskite layer into the adjacent organic hole-selective layer is a crucial cause of performance degradation in perovskite solar cells. The monovalent cation, namely, methylammonium (MA+), is the main ion species that penetrates into the organic hole-selective layer of Spiro-MeOTAD because of the built-in electric field during operation. The incorporation of MA+ induces deep-level defects in the Spiro-MeOTAD layer and thereby deteriorates the hole-transporting ability of Spiro-MeOTAD, degrading solar cell performance. Our work points to two ways to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells: one is to insert a compact ion-blocking layer between Spiro-MeOTAD and perovskite, and the other is to find a hole-selective layer t.
High Glucose Inhibits Neural Stem Cell Differentiation Through Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Maternal diabetes induces neural tube defects by suppressing neurogenesis in the developing neuroepithelium. Our recent study further revealed that high glucose inhibited embryonic stem cell differentiation into neural lineage cells. However, the mechanism whereby high glucose suppresses neural differentiation is unclear. To investigate whether high glucose-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress lead to the inhibition of neural differentiation, the effect of high glucose on neural stem cell (the C17.2 cell line) differentiation was examined. Neural stem cells were cultured in normal glucose (5 mM) or high glucose (25 mM) differentiation medium for 3, 5, and 7 days. High glucose suppressed neural stem cell differentiation by significantly decreasing the expression of the neuron marker Tuj1 and the glial cell marker GFAP and the numbers of Tuj1+ and GFAP+ cells. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase mimetic Tempol reversed high glucose-decreased Tuj1 and GFAP expression and restored the numbers of neurons and glial cells differentiated from neural stem cells. Hydrogen peroxide treatment imitated the inhibitory effect of high glucose on neural stem cell differentiation. Both high glucose and hydrogen peroxide triggered ER stress, whereas Tempol blocked high glucose-induced ER stress. The ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyrate, abolished the inhibition of high glucose or hydrogen peroxide on neural stem cell differentiation. Thus, oxidative stress and its resultant ER stress mediate the inhibitory effect of high glucose on neural stem cell differentiation.
Changes in Brain Function Occur Years before the Onset of Cognitive Impairment

To develop targeted intervention strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, we first need to identify early markers of brain changes that occur before the onset of cognitive impairment. Here, we examine changes in resting-state brain function in humans from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. We compared longitudinal changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), assessed by 15O-water PET, over a mean 7 year period between participants who eventually developed cognitive impairment (n = 22) and those who remained cognitively normal (n = 99). Annual PET assessments began an average of 11 years before the onset of cognitive impairment in the subsequently impaired group, so all participants were cognitively normal during the scanning interval. A voxel-based mixed model analysis was used to compare groups with and without subsequent impairment. Participants with subsequent impairment showed significantly greater longitudinal rCBF increases in orbitofrontal, medial frontal, and anterior cingulate regions, and greater longitudinal decreases in parietal, temporal, and thalamic regions compared with those who maintained cognitive health. These changes were linear in nature and were not influenced by longitudinal changes in regional tissue volume. Although all participants were cognitively normal during the scanning interval, most of the accelerated rCBF changes seen in the subsequently impaired group occurred within regions thought to be critical for the maintenance of cognitive function. These changes also occurred within regions that show early accumulation of pathology in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that there may be a connection between early pathologic change and early changes in brain function.
Pollination and breeding of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) in South Florida

OF THE THESIS POLLINATION AND BREEDING OF JACKFRUIT (Arlocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) IN SOUTH FLORIDA by Sherine El-Sawa Florida International University, 1998 Miami, Florida Professor Suzanne Koptur, Major Professor Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is a multi-purpose fruit tree, native to tropical Asia. It was introduced to South Florida in the early 1900s but has had little commercial importance. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in jackfruit as a commercial crop in South Florida, but there has been little scientific investigation conducted. The pollination mechanism was not clearly understood. This study focused on jackfruit breeding using 'Dang Rasimi' and 'Cheena' cultivars. Controlled handpollinations revealed that both cultivars were not apomictic. Both cultivars set fruit with self-pollination, but seed set and many fruit characters such as size, flesh percentage and edible percentage were greatly enhanced with cross-pollination. I conclude that jackfruit are outbreeding plants. Tests for pollen dispersal by wind were inconclusive. A variety of insects were collected, but few had a role in pollination. My results suggest that jackfruit are likely to have insect-assisted wind pollination in South Florida.
Aurivillius BaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 based compounds : Structure , synthesis and properties

The discovery of some Aurivillius materials with high Curie temperature or fatigue-free character suggests possible applications in high temperature piezoelectric devices or non-volatile ferroelectric random access memories. Furthermore, increasing concerns for environmental issues have promoted the study of new leadfree piezoelectric materials. Barium bismuth titanate (BaBi4Ti4O15 ), an Aurivillius compound, is promising candidate to replace lead-based materials, both as lead-free ferroelectric and high temperature piezoelectric. In this review paper, we report a detailed overview of crystal structure, different synthesis methods and characteristic properties of barium bismuth titanate ferroelectric materials.
Two New Nonlinear Optical and Ferroelectric Zn(II) Compounds Based on Nicotinic Acid and Tetrazole Derivative Ligands

Two new zinc compounds, [Zn2(mtz)(nic)2(OH)]n·0.5nH2O (1) and [Zn(phtz)(nic)]2n (2) (Hmtz = 5-methyltetrazole, Hphtz = 5-phenyltetrazole, Hnic = nicotinic acid), have been synthesized by a dual-ligand approach under solvothermal conditions. The compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that both compounds exhibit a noncentrosymmetric polar packing arrangement. Compound 1 is a 3D framework constructed from the zigzag chain subunits of [Zn(nic)]+ with a 4-connected “irl” topology. Compound 2 possesses a 2D 4-connected ‘“sql” topology constructed from the linear chain subunit of [Zn(nic)]+, which are linked together with phtz– ligands. Impressively, both of the two compounds display second-harmonic generation response and ferroelectric behaviors. Furthermore, the photoluminescence of the compounds was also investigated.
Differential Modulation of Cytochrome P450 Activity and the Effect of 1-Aminobenzotriazole on Hepatic Transport in Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes

Sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHH) have been widely used for in vitro assessments of biliary clearance. However, the modulation of metabolism enzymes has not been fully evaluated in this system. The present study was therefore undertaken to determine the activity of cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A and to evaluate the impact of 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) on hepatic uptake and biliary excretion in SCHH. The SCHH maintained integrity and viability as determined by lactate dehydrogenase release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium assays conducted over the culture period. Although all assessed P450 activity decreased in day 2 SCHH, the extent of the decrease and the subsequent rebound in activity varied across the different isoforms. Day 5 CYP1A2 activity was approximately 2.5-fold higher than day 1 activity, whereas the CYP3A and CYP2C9 activities were 90 and 60% of the day 1 levels, respectively. In contrast, the initial CYP2C8, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 activity losses did not rebound over the 5-day culture period. Furthermore, ABT was not found to have an effect, whether directly or indirectly as a P450 inactivator, with respect to the hepatic transport of rosuvastatin, atrovastatin, and midazolam in SCHH. Taken together, these results suggest that the SCHH model is a reliable tool to characterize hepatic uptake and biliary excretion. Due to the differential modulation of P450 activity, SCHH may not be considered a suitable tool for metabolic stability assessments with compounds predominantly cleared by certain P450 enzymes.
Magnetic Behavior of Carboxylate and β-Diketonate Lanthanide Complexes Containing Stable Organometallic Moieties in the Core-Forming Ligand

Information concerning the structures of compounds of rare earth elements with carboxylic acids and a β-diketone containing stable organometallic moieties that we obtained previously is presented. Additional results for 15 complexes with the [Gd2O2] core allowed confirming and improving the correlation between JGd–Gd′ and the Gd…Gd distance for complexes of this type that we found earlier. For the first time, dc and ac magnetic measurements were carried out for the formerly-described complex [Dy2(O2CCym)4(NO3)2(DMSO)4] (2), Cym = (η5-C5H4)Mn(CO)3), and two new binuclear complexes, namely [Dy2(O2CFc)4(NO3)2(DMSO)4] (3), and [Dy2(O2CFc)6(DMSO)2(H2O)2] (4), Fc = (η5-C5H4)Fe(η5-C5H5)). For binuclear [Dy2(O2CCym)6(DMSO)4] (1), as well as for a 1D-polymer [Dy(O2CCym)(acac)2(H2O)]n (6), ac magnetic measurements were carried out more precisely. The characteristics of a single-molecule magnet and of a single-chain magnet were determined for Complexes 2 and 6, respectively.
Computer Literacy and Online Learning Attitude toward GSOE Students in Distance Education Programs.

The purpose of this study was to explore graduate students’ competencies in computer use and their attitudes toward online learning in asynchronous online courses of distance learning programs in a Graduate School of Education (GSOE) in Taiwan. The research examined the relationship between computer literacy and the online learning attitudes of these students. Data were collected via a survey through 252 GSOE students in Taiwan. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between computer literacy and online learning attitude among the students. Higher computer literacy was correlated with higher online learning attitude. However, no statistically significant difference was found in online learning attitude by gender or by age group. Suggestions and managerial implications were discussed in the study, and would provide contribution both to the body of knowledge in the filed of education management.
A New Late Miocene Species of Paracolobus and Other Cercopithecoidea (Mammalia: Primates) Fossils from Lemudong'o, Kenya

The Colobinae (Mammalia: Primates) are relatively unknown from the middle to late Miocene of eastern Africa. When they appear in the Pliocene fossil record they are unambiguous and fairly diverse taxonomically, geographically, and ecologically. The primate fauna from the late Miocene of Lemudong’o is dominated by colobines and therefore represents one of the richest fossil assemblages yet published of this subfamily at 6 Ma. At least three species of colobine, including a new species of Paracolobus, are represented in this collection. Given the paleoecological reconstruction for Lemudong’o Locality 1, and the postcranial morphology of the cercopithecids, colobines in this area of Africa were occupying a relatively closed or forested habitat, and exhibiting a primarily arboreal habitus, which contrasts with previous hypotheses suggesting that colobines prior to the Pliocene were terrestrial and occupying more open habitats.
Evaluation of Online Reference Services: Reflections from Nigeria Academic Libraries

This paper reports on a study of evaluation of online reference services (ORS). The paper focuses on the librarians’ perception of the evaluation of online reference services of academic libraries in Nigeria. The study was guided by the following four objectives: to find out the extent of application of online reference services in academic libraries in Nigeria; to examine the benefits of using ORS in academic libraries in Nigeria, to identify the challenges associated with the use of ORS, and profer solutions for ameliorating the challenges faced by these academic libraries in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey design which was employed to derived responses from 198 librarians. Data were collected from the population using questionnaire. The statistical packages for social sciences(SPSS) was used to extract data while the data were presented with the help of 4-point Likert scale, mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that e-mail services ranked 1 in the overall application of ORS. Lack of ICT infrastructure to support ORS ranked first as reason for non-application of ORS. Most noted benefit is that it provides more alternatives and flexibility to users. Challenges include: lack of proper training on use of ICT infrastructure among libraries and lack of funds to support ORS.Recommendations were made at the end of the study.
Searching a bargain: "play it cool" or haggle

This paper investigates the impacts of reputation (in contact with in exibility) on imperfectly competitive search markets where the sellers announce heir initial demands prior to the buyer's visit and the buyer directs is search for a better deal. The buyer facing multiple sellers can egotiate with only one at a time and can switch his bargaining partner with ome cost. The introduction of commitment types that are in exible in their emands, even with low probabilities, makes the equilibrium of the resulting ultilateral bargaining game essentially unique. A modied war of attrition structure is derived in the quilibrium. The model unites and smooths out Bertrand and Diamond price ompetition models and eliminates their inexplicable predictions.
Mental Preparation Strategies, Cognitions, and Strength Performance

Two experiments were conducted to determine if different mental preparation strategies produced differential strength performance and whether arousal was the major mediating variable explicating this relationship. In the first experiment, 15 male and 15 female subjects performed under five different mental preparation conditions in a 2 × 5 (sex by mental preparation strategy) Latin square design. The mental preparation conditions included: attentional focus, imagery, preparatory arousal, a control-rest condition, and a counting backwards cognitive-distraction condition. Immediately after employing each technique, all subjects performed four trials on a leg-strength task, and measures of state anxiety and other cognitions were then obtained. The findings revealed that the preparatory arousal and imagery techniques produced the greatest change in performance, with preparatory arousal subjects also reporting the greatest changes in cognitive states. However, due to the possibility of range effects resulting .
Urban park design + love for nature: Interventions for visitor experiences and social networking

Abstract Affect or emotion for nature can prime environmentally friendly attitudes and behaviors, but for one’s love of nature to grow she must physically experience and communicate about nature with others. This study aimed to identify urban park designs that could increase affect for nature in park visitors by stimulating their desire to communicate about and experience nature. Participants included 33 visitors at four urban parks in a mid-sized US city who were interviewed on location. Social network theory (SNT) served as the methodological framework for interpreting why, how, and with whom visitors’ communicated their nature experiences, as well as the design elements that led to increased love for nature. Analysis of the interviews confirmed findings from similar studies, while contributing new insight to how visitors’ use mobile technology to communicate about nature and build bonds with their social network. The conclusion offers ways for scholars and practitioners to improve urban park design so as to increase visitors’ affect, communication about, and action for nature.
RESPONSES IN ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF CORNFIELD CARABID COMMUNITIES TO DIFFERENCES IN FARM PRACTICES

The response of carabid beetles to differences in tillage and chemical use was studied using four matched pairs of sites. Abundance and species richness were significantly different between treatments, but four commonly used measures of diversity were relatively insensitive indicators of change. It is suggested that the use of diversity indices in impact assessment is redundant or, when used with ground beetles, misleading.
Synthesis and in vitro PDT evaluation of new porphyrins containing meso‐epoxymethylaryl cationic groups

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective cancer treatment that uses photosensitizers, light, and oxygen to destroy malignant cells. Porphyrins, and in particular the cationic derivatives, are the most investigated photosensitizers for PDT. In this context, it is important to study new methodologies to develop efficient cationic photosensitizers for use in PDT.
Modeling Quantum Kinetics in Ion Traps: State‐changing Collisions for OH+(3Σ- ) Ions with He as a Buffer Gas

Abstract We present quantum scattering calculations for rotational state‐changing cross sections and rates, up to about 50 K of ion translational temperatures, for the OH+ molecular ion in collision with He atoms as the buffer gas in the trap. The results are obtained both by using the correct spin‐rotation coupling of angular momenta and also within a recoupling scheme that treats the molecular target as a pseudo‐(1Σ+ ) state, and then compares our findings with similar data for the OH−(1Σ+ ) molecular partner under the same conditions. This comparison intends to link the cation behaviour to the one found earlier for the molecular anion. The full calculations including the spin‐rotation angular momenta coupling effects have been recently reported (L. González‐Sánchez and R. Wester and F.A. Gianturco, Mol.Phys.2018, DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.14425971) with the aim of extracting specific propensity rules controlling the size of the cross sections. The present study is instead directed to modelling trap cooling dynamics by further obtaining the solutions of the corresponding kinetics equations under different trap schemes so that, using the presently computed rates can allow us to indicate specific optimal conditions for the experimental setup of the collisional rotational cooling in an ion trap for the system under study.
CHANGING SIDES : 9/11 AND THE AMERICAN MUSLIM VOTER

Recent years have seen a resurgence of religion as a significant political variable. While current research in this area is expansive, these investigations neglect the importance of minority religious groups, particularly American Muslims-the fastest growing religion in America today This study evaluates the efficacy of religious characteristics as motivators of respondents'voting choices, using a nationwide survey of American Muslim adults. Unlike dominant religious groups, measures of religiosity for American Muslim adults consistently had negative effects on support for the conservative candidate George W Bush. In addition, measures of religiosity also influenced American Muslim voters' decision to move away from Bush between the 2000 and 2004 election cycles. These changes may be a result of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and recent hostility towards American Muslims. Further study with specific measures and evaluations of recent events may be necessary to address precise associations of religiosity with the voting preferences of American Muslims.