Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute chest syndrome in severity of sickle cell diseases.

BACKGROUND Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are chronic inflammatory processes on capillary level. We tried to understand whether or not there are some positive correlations between acute chest syndrome (ACS) and severity of SCDs. METHODS All patients with the SCDs were taken into the study. RESULTS The study included 337 cases (167 females). There were 15 patients (4.4%) with the ACS. The mean ages were similar in both groups (29.4 versus 29.7 years in the ACS group and other, respectively, P > 0.05). The female ratios were similar in both groups, too (60.0% versus 49.0%, respectively, P > 0.05). Additionally, prevalences of associated thalassemia minors were similar in them (66.6% versus 65.5%, respectively, P > 0.05). Smoking was higher in the ACS group (20.0% versus 13.9%), but the difference was nonsignificant (P > 0.05). Although the mean white blood cell count and hematocrit value of peripheric blood were higher in the ACS group, the mean platelet count was lower in them, but the differences were nonsignificant again (P > 0.05 for all). On the other hand, although the painful crises per year, tonsilectomy, priapism, ileus, digital clubbing, pulmonary hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, cirrhosis, stroke, and mortality were higher in the ACS group, the difference was only significant for the stroke (P < 0.05), probably due to the small sample size of the ACS group. CONCLUSION SCDs are chronic destructive processes on capillaries iniatiating at birth, and terminate with early organ failures in life. Probably ACS is one of the terminal consequences of the inflammatory processes that may indicate shortened survival in such patients.
Sleep loss‐related decrements in planning performance in healthy elderly depend on task difficulty

Prefrontal cortex (PFC)‐related functions are particularly sensitive to sleep loss. However, their repeated examination is intricate because of methodological constraints such as practice effects and loss of novelty. We investigated to what extent the circadian timing system and the sleep homeostat influence PFC‐related performance in differently difficult versions of a single task. Parallel versions of a planning task combined with a control group investigation were used to control for practice effects. Thirteen healthy volunteers (five women and eight men, range 57–74 years) completed a 40‐h sleep deprivation (SD) and a 40‐h multiple nap protocol (NAP) under constant routine conditions. Each participant performed 11 easy and 11 difficult task versions under either SD or NAP conditions. The cognitive and motor components of performance could be distinguished and analysed separately. Only by thoroughly controlling for superimposed secondary factors such as practice or sequence effects, could a significant influence of circadian timing and sleep pressure be clearly detected in planning performance in the more difficult, but not easier maze tasks. These results indicate that sleep loss‐related decrements in planning performance depend on difficulty level, and that apparently insensitive tasks can turn out to be sensitive to sleep loss and circadian variation.
Dynamic interaction analysis of actively controlled maglev vehicles and guideway girders considering nonlinear electromagnetic forces

This study intends to explore dynamic interaction behaviors between actively controlled maglev vehicle and guideway girders by considering the nonlinear forms of electromagnetic force and current exactly. For this, governing equations for the maglev vehicle with ten degrees of freedom are derived by considering the nonlinear equation of electromagnetic force, surface irregularity, and the deflection of the guideway girder. Next, equations of motion of the guideway girder, based on the mode superposition method, are obtained by applying the UTM-01 control algorithm for electromagnetic suspension to make the maglev vehicle system stable. Finally, the numerical studies under various conditions are carried out to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the maglev system based on consideration of the linear and nonlinear electromagnetic forces. From numerical simulation, it is observed that the dynamic responses between nonlinear and linear analysis make little difference in the stable region. But unstable responses in nonlinear analysis under poor conditions can sometimes be obtained because the nominal air-gap is too small to control the maglev vehicle stably. However, it is demonstrated that this unstable phenomenon can be removed by making the nominal air-gap related to electromagnetic force larger. Consequently it is judged that the nonlinear analysis method considering the nonlinear equations of electromagnetic force and current can provide more realistic solutions than the linear analysis.
PHENOLICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WINES DURING THE WINEMAKING PROCESS

Content of polyphenols, composition of phenolic complex and antioxidative or antiradical capacity of wines could be affected by many extrinsic and intrinsic factors, as variety, wine growing area and climatic conditions, quality of wine, and not at least also technological procedures during wine-making. Changes in the content of total polyphenols (TP) and antioxidant antiradical activity (AARA) affected by grape variety, wine-growing area and winemaking process in five white (Müller Thurgau, Moravian Muscat MOPR, Pinot Blanc, White Riesling, Traminer) and four red (Saint Laurent, Blauer Portugieser, Pinot Noir, Zweigeltrebe) varieties from three wine areas (Žernoseky, Kutná Hora and Mělník) of Czech Republic (harvest 2004) were studied. 14-17 samples were taken during the wine processing. A spectrophotometric method using Foilin-Ciocalteau reagent was applied for determination of TP content and a spectrophotometric method using free stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) was applied for determining AARA. Significant differences in TP among varieties were found. Analysis of variance showed statistically high differences among red and white wines and growing areas. Wines differed significantly in TP content and AARA increased significantly during wine making process. Statistically significant differences in AARA values were found among growing areas, wines and varieties. Significant positive correlations between TP and AARA were determined.
Analysis of Psycho Social Stresses In Family History of Suicide Victims by Suicidal Hanging

According to NCRB [2] report (2013) highest incident of suicide of 16,622 suicide were reported from Maharashtra followed by 16,610 in Tamil Nadu. Both the state accounted 12.3% of total suicide. Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal & Karnataka accounted for 10.8%, 9.7% & 8.4% respectively of the total suicide report in the country. These five states together accounted for 53.5% of total suicide reported in the country.
A Novel Entropy-Based Centrality Approach for Identifying Vital Nodes in Weighted Networks

Measuring centrality has recently attracted increasing attention, with algorithms ranging from those that simply calculate the number of immediate neighbors and the shortest paths to those that are complicated iterative refinement processes and objective dynamical approaches. Indeed, vital nodes identification allows us to understand the roles that different nodes play in the structure of a network. However, quantifying centrality in complex networks with various topological structures is not an easy task. In this paper, we introduce a novel definition of entropy-based centrality, which can be applicable to weighted directed networks. By design, the total power of a node is divided into two parts, including its local power and its indirect power. The local power can be obtained by integrating the structural entropy, which reveals the communication activity and popularity of each node, and the interaction frequency entropy, which indicates its accessibility. In addition, the process of influence propagation can be captured by the two-hop subnetworks, resulting in the indirect power. In order to evaluate the performance of the entropy-based centrality, we use four weighted real-world networks with various instance sizes, degree distributions, and densities. Correspondingly, these networks are adolescent health, Bible, United States (US) airports, and Hep-th, respectively. Extensive analytical results demonstrate that the entropy-based centrality outperforms degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and the Eigenvector centrality.
Reconstructing Past Admixture Processes from Local Genomic Ancestry Using Wavelet Transformation

Admixture between long-separated populations is a defining feature of the genomes of many species. The mosaic block structure of admixed genomes can provide information about past contact events, including the time and extent of admixture. Here, we describe an improved wavelet-based technique that better characterizes ancestry block structure from observed genomic patterns. principal components analysis is first applied to genomic data to identify the primary population structure, followed by wavelet decomposition to develop a new characterization of local ancestry information along the chromosomes. For testing purposes, this method is applied to human genome-wide genotype data from Indonesia, as well as virtual genetic data generated using genome-scale sequential coalescent simulations under a wide range of admixture scenarios. Time of admixture is inferred using an approximate Bayesian computation framework, providing robust estimates of both admixture times and their associated levels of uncertainty. Crucially, we demonstrate that this revised wavelet approach, which we have released as the R package adwave, provides improved statistical power over existing wavelet-based techniques and can be used to address a broad range of admixture questions.
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Since the introduction of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in 1987 (in Europe) and 2004 (in the United States), the number of RTSAs performed annually has increased. Although the main indication for RTSA has been rotator cuff tears, indications have expanded to include several shoulder conditions, many of which involve dysfunction of the rotator cuff. RTSA complications have been reported to affect 19% to 68% of patients and include acromial fracture, haematoma, infection, instability, mechanical baseplate failure, neurological injury, periprosthetic fracture and scapular notching. Current controversies in RTSA include optimal baseplate positioning, humeral neck-shaft angle (135° versus 155°), glenosphere placement (medial, lateral or bony increased offset RTSA) and subscapularis repair. Improvements in prosthesis design, surgeon experience and clinical results will need to occur to optimize this treatment for many shoulder conditions. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:58–69 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3. 170044
Effect of Wet-End Additives on the Results of Alkyl Ketene Dimer Sizing after Adding Bacterial Cellulose

Bacterial cellulose is a common research additive in the paper industry because it has unique and favorable characteristics. In this study, the effect of adding bacterial cellulose to an alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) sizing agent was investigated to optimize the dosage of bacterial cellulose, the retention system (cationic starch (CS), cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)), and the sizing enhancement agents (polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) and chitosan). The results showed that the addition of bacterial cellulose had a negative effect on AKD sizing. Meanwhile, the addition of 5% bacterial fiber had a slight but negligible effect on paper sizing. The retention system improved AKD sizing and the dual retention system with CS, and CPAM improved sizing up to 60%. When 0.2% PAE and chitosan were added simultaneously, the sizing degree increased by 42.8% and 47.6%, respectively.
Identification of Mimotopes with Diagnostic Potential for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Variant Surface Glycoproteins Using Human Antibody Fractions

Background At present, screening of the population at risk for gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is based on detection of antibodies against native variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs) of Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) gambiense. Drawbacks of these native VSGs include culture of infective T.b. gambiense trypanosomes in laboratory rodents, necessary for production, and the exposure of non-specific epitopes that may cause cross-reactions. We therefore aimed at identifying peptides that mimic epitopes, hence called “mimotopes,” specific to T.b. gambiense VSGs and that may replace the native proteins in antibody detection tests. Methodology/Principal Findings A Ph.D.-12 peptide phage display library was screened with polyclonal antibodies from patient sera, previously affinity purified on VSG LiTat 1.3 or LiTat 1.5. The peptide sequences were derived from the DNA sequence of the selected phages and synthesised as biotinylated peptides. Respectively, eighteen and twenty different mimotopes were identified for VSG LiTat 1.3 and LiTat 1.5, of which six and five were retained for assessment of their diagnostic performance. Based on alignment of the peptide sequences on the original protein sequence of VSG LiTat 1.3 and 1.5, three additional peptides were synthesised. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the synthetic peptides in indirect ELISA with 102 sera from HAT patients and 102 endemic negative controls. All mimotopes had areas under the curve (AUCs) of ≥0.85, indicating their diagnostic potential. One peptide corresponding to the VSG LiTat 1.3 protein sequence also had an AUC of ≥0.85, while the peptide based on the sequence of VSG LiTat 1.5 had an AUC of only 0.79. Conclusions/Significance We delivered the proof of principle that mimotopes for T.b. gambiense VSGs, with diagnostic potential, can be selected by phage display using polyclonal human antibodies.
Genomic profiling of dedifferentiated liposarcoma compared to matched well-differentiated liposarcoma reveals higher genomic complexity and a common origin

Well-differentiated (WD) liposarcoma is a low-grade mesenchymal tumor with features of mature adipocytes and high propensity for local recurrence. Often, WD patients present with or later progress to a higher-grade nonlipogenic form known as dedifferentiated (DD) liposarcoma. These DD tumors behave more aggressively and can metastasize. Both WD and DD liposarcomas harbor neochromosomes formed from amplifications and rearrangements of Chr 12q that encode oncogenes (MDM2, CDK4, and YEATS2) and adipocytic differentiation factors (HMGA2 and CPM). However, genomic changes associated with progression from WD to DD have not been well-defined. Therefore, we selected patients with matched WD and DD tumors for extensive genomic profiling in order to understand their clonal relationships and to delineate any defining alterations for each entity. Exome and transcriptomic sequencing was performed for 17 patients with both WD and DD diagnoses. Somatic point and copy-number alterations were integrated with transcriptional analyses to determine subtype-associated genomic features and pathways. The results were, on average, that only 8.3% of somatic mutations in WD liposarcoma were shared with their cognate DD component. DD tumors had higher numbers of somatic copy-number losses, amplifications involving Chr 12q, and fusion transcripts than WD tumors. HMGA2 and CPM rearrangements occur more frequently in DD components. The shared somatic mutations indicate a clonal origin for matched WD and DD tumors and show early divergence with ongoing genomic instability due to continual generation and selection of neochromosomes. Stochastic generation and subsequent expression of fusion transcripts from the neochromosome that involve adipogenesis genes such as HMGA2 and CPM may influence the differentiation state of the subsequent tumor.
ETHEREUM: A SECURE DECENTRALISED GENERALISED TRANSACTION LEDGER

The blockchain paradigm when coupled with cryptographically-secured transactions has demonstrated its utility through a number of projects, not the least being Bitcoin. Each such project can be seen as a simple application on a decentralised, but singleton, compute resource. We can call this paradigm a transactional singleton machine with shared-state.Ethereum implements this paradigm in a generalised manner. Furthermore it provides a plurality of such resources, each with a distinct state and operating code but able to interact through a message-passing framework with others. We discuss its design, implementation issues, the opportunities it provides and the future hurdles we envisage.
INTEGRATING N-ENRICHED COMPOST WITH BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR IMPROVING GROWTH AND YIELD OF CEREALS

Value addition of the composted organic waste material through biologically active substances (BAS) is a novel approach to convert composted material into a useful soil amendment. In the present study, compost was prepared from waste fruit and vegetables and enriched with 25% of full dose of N fertilizer for maize and wheat, respectively. Biologically active substances (BAS); indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and kinetin, each was added @ 1.0 mg kg -1 compost to separate batches of nitrogen enriched compost (NEC). Effectiveness of IAA, GA3 and kinetinadded NEC was compared in field in the presence of 50% recommended dose of N fertilizer for maize and wheat, respectively. Compost was applied @ 300 kg ha -1 to both crops and recommended P and K fertilizers of respective crop were applied as basal dose to all plots. Recommended dose of N fertilizer for respective crop was used for comparison. Results indicated that NEC with or without IAA/GA3 supplemented with half dose of N fertilizer was as effective as full dose of N fertilizer in improving growth and yield of maize as well as wheat, saving ~ 25% N fertilizer. However, kinetin-added compost was better than IAA/GA3-added compost when compared with recommended dose of N fertilizer. It significantly improved yield and N uptakes of maize (6.2 and 6.7%, respectively) and wheat (5.9 and 6.1%, respectively) over full dose of N fertilizer. The technology bears its promise not only to improve crop yield on sustainable basis but also reduce huge piles of organic wastes causing environmental pollution.
A quantum transmitting Schrödinger-Poisson system 1

We consider a stationary Schrödinger-Poisson system on a bounded interval of the real axis. The Schrödinger operator is defined on the bounded domain with transparent boundary conditions. This allows to model a non-zero current flow trough the boundary of the interval. We prove that the system always admits a solution and give explicit a priori estimates for the solutions. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34B24, 34L40, 47B44, 81U20, 82D37. 2003 Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme (PACS): 85.35. -p
Sensitivity of the surface responses of an idealized AGCM to the timing of imposed ozone depletion‐like polar stratospheric cooling

An idealized atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is used to investigate the sensitivity of model responses to the timing of imposed polar stratospheric cooling, intended to mimic the radiative effects of ozone depletion. The model exhibits circulation responses to springtime cooling that qualitatively match both observations and the responses of comprehensive chemistry climate models. The model's surface response is sensitive to the timing of the cooling, with the onset becoming delayed with later cooling, but with the termination occurring at similar times, suggesting that the meteorology plays an important role. The model's responses do not match the latitudinal structure of the leading annular mode; rather, the response described by the second empirical orthogonal function plays a substantial role, in addition to the first. It is suggested that the imposed cooling, when it delays the final warming, results in an extended period of lower stratospheric variability, which could be an important factor in producing realistic surface responses.
Technical Note: The Simple Diagnostic Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (SDPRM)

We present a Simple Diagnostic Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (SDPRM) that has been developed based on pre-existing formulations. The photosynthesis model is based on the light use efficiency logic for calculating the gross primary production (GPP), while the ecosystem respiration ( R eco ) is a modified version of an Arrhenius-type equation. SDPRM is driven by satellite-derived fAPAR (fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation) and climate data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research Reanalysis (NCEP/NCAR). The model estimates 3-hourly values of GPP for seven major biomes and daily R eco . The motivation is to provide a priori fields of surface CO 2 fluxes with fine temporal and spatial scales for atmospheric CO 2 inversions. The estimated fluxes from SDPRM showed that the model is capable of producing flux estimates consistent with the ones inferred from atmospheric CO 2 inversion or simulated from process-based models. In this Technical Note, different analyses were carried out to test the sensitivity of the estimated fluxes of GPP and CO 2 to their driving forces. The spatial patterns of the climatic controls (temperature, precipitation, water) on the interannual variability of GPP are consistent with previous studies, even though SDPRM has a very simple structure and few adjustable parameters and hence it is much easier to modify in an inversion than more sophisticated process-based models. In SDPRM, temperature is a limiting factor for the interannual variability of R eco over cold boreal forest, while precipitation is the main limiting factor of R eco over the tropics and the southern hemisphere, consistent with previous regional studies.
Analysis of Diagnostic Findings From the European Mobile Laboratory in Guéckédou, Guinea, March 2014 Through March 2015

Background. A unit of the European Mobile Laboratory (EMLab) consortium was deployed to the Ebola virus disease (EVD) treatment unit in Guéckédou, Guinea, from March 2014 through March 2015. Methods. The unit diagnosed EVD and malaria, using the RealStar Filovirus Screen reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit and a malaria rapid diagnostic test, respectively. Results. The cleaned EMLab database comprised 4719 samples from 2741 cases of suspected EVD from Guinea. EVD was diagnosed in 1231 of 2178 hospitalized patients (57%) and in 281 of 563 who died in the community (50%). Children aged <15 years had the highest proportion of Ebola virus–malaria parasite coinfections. The case-fatality ratio was high in patients aged <5 years (80%) and those aged >74 years (90%) and low in patients aged 10–19 years (40%). On admission, RT-PCR analysis of blood specimens from patients who died in the hospital yielded a lower median cycle threshold (Ct) than analysis of blood specimens from survivors (18.1 vs 23.2). Individuals who died in the community had a median Ct of 21.5 for throat swabs. Multivariate logistic regression on 1047 data sets revealed that low Ct values, ages of <5 and ≥45 years, and, among children aged 5–14 years, malaria parasite coinfection were independent determinants of a poor EVD outcome. Conclusions. Virus load, age, and malaria parasite coinfection play a role in the outcome of EVD.