Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of TGF-β enhances the migration and invasive ability of ectopic endometrial cells via ERK/MAPK signaling pathway

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease with manifestations of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is known to facilitate a series of biological events in many cells, including migration. However, the roles of TGF-β in endometriosis still remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to discover the role of TGF-β1 in endometriosis development and progression and its associated mechanisms. It was demonstrated that the expression of TGF-β1 was significantly elevated in endometriosis in comparison with that in normal tissue. Overexpression of TGF-β increased the proliferation and upregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Furthermore, TGF-β overexpression also triggered a series of biological events occurring in ESCs, including cell migration and invasion, and activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The inhibition of the ERK/MAPK pathway reversed the previous effects of TGF-β overexpression. Collectively, the present results indicate that overexpression of TGF-β enhances the migration and invasion of ectopic ESCs via the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway, providing theoretical evidence for the development of new treatment methods targeting the TGF-β-ERK/MAPK signaling pathway for prophylaxis of endometriosis.
Maximum Likelihood Multiuser Detection of DS/CDMA Signals in Improper Noiset

The improper signals are often encountered in communications and signal processing. Since the known maximum-likelihood (ML) multiuser detection problem is only for proper noises, we derive the improper version of this expansion. We show that the proposed scheme improves the near-far resistance (NFR) for any spreading sequences and channel conditions. This gain comes from appropriate management of the additional information contained in nonzero pseudo-covariance matrix. The average NFR is obtained in a random channel environment and random spreading sequence. The proposed scheme halves the effective number of users. Although the ML multiuser detection gives us the optimum bit error rate (BER) performance, the computational complexity that is exponential in the number of users makes it impractical. In this paper, an efficient ML multiuser detection is developed. First, we relieve the combinatorial constraint of ML detection and obtain the initial decision of the symbols. Then, the most error probable symbols are chosen by referring the reliability measures of the initial symbols. The ML searching is accomplished with only the chosen symbols. Computer simulations demonstrate the results of the paper and show the error rate performance of the proposed near-ML multiuser detection
2 How do Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Systems Work ?

The advent of the Internet has made the transfer of data between people easier and more efficient. One specific and popular application of this process is the peer-to-peer(P2P) network. P2P networks are an overlay network on top of the Internet’s topology and accounts for a large portion of Internet traffic[24]. The basic idea of a P2P network is that individual peers can connect to a set of other peers and query them. These queries are forwarded into the network according to a protocol defined by the designers of the P2P network.
Transient Storage of a Tactile Memory Trace in Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Working memory is known to involve prefrontal cortex and posterior regions of association cortex (e.g., the inferior temporal lobes). Here, we investigate the potential role of primary somatosensory cortex (SI) in a working memory task with tactile stimuli. Subjects were required to compare the frequencies of two vibrations separated by a retention interval of 1500 msec. Their performance was significantly disrupted when we delivered a pulse of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the contralateral SI early (300 or 600 msec) in the retention interval. TMS did not affect tactile working memory if delivered to contralateral SI late in the retention interval (at 900 or 1200 msec), nor did TMS affect performance if delivered to the ipsilateral SI at any time point. Primary sensory cortex thus seems to act not only as a center for on-line sensory processing but also as a transient storage site for information that contributes to working memory.
Reconsidering the costs and benefits of work engagement on work–Family interaction and turnover intention: the antecedents and outcomes

ABSTRACT This study integrates the JD-R model and work–family interaction theories to examine the antecedents and consequences of work engagement components, including work attention and work absorption. Specifically, we assess the relationships between work–family climate for sacrifice, work–family climate for sharing, work attention, work absorption, work–family conflict, work–family affective enrichment and turnover intentions. We find that both work–family climate for sacrifice and work–family climate for sharing increase employees’ work attention, which in turn, relates to elevated work–family conflict and higher turnover intentions. However, work–family climate for sharing also relates to more work absorption and ultimately to higher work–family affective enrichment and fewer turnover intentions. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
Bilateral Integration of Whisker Information in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of Rats

The isomorphic representation of the contralateral whisker pad in the rodent cerebral cortex has served as a canonical example in primary somatosensory areas that the contralateral body surface is spatially represented as a topographic map. By characterizing responses evoked by multiwhisker stimuli, we provide direct evidence that the whisker region of the rat primary somatosensory cortex (SI) integrates information from both contralateral and ipsilateral whisker pads. The proportions of SI neurons responsive to ipsilateral whisker stimuli, as well as their response probabilities, increased with the number of ipsilateral whiskers stimulated. Under bilateral whisker stimulation, the responses of 95% of neurons recorded were affected by stimulation of ipsilateral whiskers. Contralateral tactile responses of SI neurons were profoundly influenced by preceding ipsilateral stimuli and vice versa. This effect depended on both the spatial location and the relative timing of bilateral whisker stimuli, leading to both spatial and temporal asymmetries of interaction. Bilateral whisker stimulation resulted in only modest changes in evoked response latency. Previous ipsilateral stimulation was also shown to affect tactile responses evoked by later ipsilateral stimuli. Inactivation of the opposite SI abolished ipsilaterally evoked responses as well as their influence on subsequently evoked contralateral responses in the intact SI. Based on these results, we conclude that the rat SI integrates information from both whisker pads and propose that such interactions may underlie the ability of rats to discriminate bilateral tactile stimuli.
Creating Evolving User Behavior Profiles Automatically

Knowledge about computer users is very beneficial for assisting them, predicting their future actions or detecting masqueraders. In this paper, a new approach for creating and recognizing automatically the behavior profile of a computer user is presented. In this case, a computer user behavior is represented as the sequence of the commands she/he types during her/his work. This sequence is transformed into a distribution of relevant subsequences of commands in order to find out a profile that defines its behavior. Also, because a user profile is not necessarily fixed but rather it evolves/changes, we propose an evolving method to keep up to date the created profiles using an Evolving Systems approach. In this paper, we combine the evolving classifier with a trie-based user profiling to obtain a powerful self-learning online scheme. We also develop further the recursive formula of the potential of a data point to become a cluster center using cosine distance, which is provided in the Appendix. The novel approach proposed in this paper can be applicable to any problem of dynamic/evolving user behavior modeling where it can be represented as a sequence of actions or events. It has been evaluated on several real data streams.
Retromer Regulates HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trafficking and Incorporation into Virions

The envelope glycoprotein (Env) of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) is a critical determinant of viral infectivity, tropism and is the main target for humoral immunity; however, little is known about the cellular machinery that directs Env trafficking and its incorporation into nascent virions. Here we identify the mammalian retromer complex as a novel and important cellular factor regulating Env trafficking. Retromer mediates endosomal sorting and is most closely associated with endosome-to-Golgi transport. Consistent with this function, inactivating retromer using RNAi targeting the cargo selective trimer complex inhibited retrograde trafficking of endocytosed Env to the Golgi. Notably, in HIV-1 infected cells, inactivating retromer modulated plasma membrane expression of Env, along with Env incorporation into virions and particle infectivity. Mutagenesis studies coupled with coimmunoprecipitations revealed that retromer-mediated trafficking requires the Env cytoplasmic tail that we show binds directly to retromer components Vps35 and Vps26. Taken together these results provide novel insight into regulation of HIV-1 Env trafficking and infectious HIV-1 morphogenesis and show for the first time a role for retromer in the late-steps of viral replication and assembly of a virus.
Credit Market Imperfections and International Financial Integration in a Heterogeneous Agent Model †

This paper deals with financial constraints and idiosyncratic risks in a two– sector heterogeneous agent dynamic general equilibrium model of occupational choice. We discuss the macroeconomic and distributional effects of financial market integration for small economies which differ only with respect to the tightness of constraints on the domestic credit market. We find that international capital flows only indirectly mitigate negative output and welfare effects from borrowing constraints on domestic credit markets. The effects are triggered by adjustments in the real interest rate. Capital exporting countries are characterized by tighter domestic constraints. These countries will benefit from a positive wealth effect of international financial integration. The associated increase in accumulation leads to a rise in the entrepreneurship rate and ultimately raises output and welfare, although average firm sizes and profits decline. Wealth inequality is reduced. The macroeconomic effects can be adverse for the capital– importing country which may suffer from a decrease in GNP in the internationally integrated economy. The model is calibrated to match standard macro data, entrepreneurship rates, and Gini coefficients from OECD countries.
A method to integrate tables of the World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (WWW) allows a person to access a great amount of data provided by a wide variety of entities. However, the content varies widely in expression. This makes it difficult to browse many pages effectively, even if the contents of the pages are quite similar. This study is the first step toward the reduction of such variety of WWW contents. The method proposed in this paper enables us to easily obtain information about similar objects scattered over the WWW. We focus on the tables contained in the WWW pages and propose a method to integrate them according to the category of objects presented in each table. The table integrated in a uniform format enables us to easily compare the objects of different locations and styles of expressions.
Binding Site Extraction by Detecting Optimal Graphs from Protein Molecular Surfaces

—Proteins fulfill their functions by binding with molecular compounds called ligands. This research automatically extracts a binding site from the surface of a protein. A binding site candidate can be extracted as the local portion that satisfies the following two requirements. One is the structural similarity among proteins that bind the same kind of ligands. The other is the structural dissimilarity between a binding site in a protein and any local surfaces in the proteins that bind to any other ligands. By representing a protein molecular surface as a graph, the binding site extraction problem can be regarded as an optimal subgraph detection problem in which the best subgraph is extracted that satisfies the above requirements. However, if two ligands are different but have a partly similar structure, the binding sites of the proteins that bind these ligands often resemble each other. In such situations, an optimal graph may not present the binding site. Therefore, we introduce the concept of group integration, in which more than one group with similar ligands partners is regarded as a positive group. As a result of group integration, the number of proteins in a positive group and in a negative group is changed. Therefore, based on the distance from the virtual worst subgraph, an evaluation function is introduced to compare subgraphs with and without group integration. We clarified the effectiveness of binding site extraction with group integration through an experiment with 37 proteins.
A Preliminary Model for Generating Experience Knowledge Based Artifacts

Inspections provide an effective way of acquiring and reusing experience knowledge. Several details, in both the inspection processes and the inspection event itself, can be found that support knowledge management. These artifacts can be, for example, checklists, rules or procedures determined in the inspection process, and they act like knowledge packages. Artifacts can be used as experience knowledge collecting tools and experience knowledge transferring tools, as well as software process development tools. This paper focuses on the knowledge management aspects of software inspection and presents a preliminary model for how artifacts can be developed so that their knowledge management based aspects are taken into consideration. This preliminary model has been used and evaluated in partner companies when generating checklists. It has been proven to work in this context and there are indications that the model also works with other kinds of artifacts found within software engineering processes.
Integrating Cloud Computing, Internet-of-Things (IoT), and Community to Support Long-Term Care and Lost Elderly Searching

With the more and more serious population aging problem, the demand of long-term care is increasing. Actually, most of the aging people have the ability to take care of themselves, some warm concerns, medical advices, and timely remainders can effectively improve their living quality. Therefore, an automatic system to track and record elderly people's daily life and activities is required. In this paper, we propose a Long-term cArE-based Smart hOme platform (LAESO), which integrates the cloud, IoT, sensor networks, and community. The proposed LAESO platform combines with a variety of services, such as motion detection, activity detection and log, e-Care, indoor positioning, location-based real-time video monitoring, emergency notification, and lost elderly searching. Detected motions and activities of the elderly will be logged on to the cloud platform. With the log, e-Care can produce graphics and charts by doing statistics. Accordingly, family members and caregivers are able to understand the daily life and activity changes of the elderly. Moreover, we integrate the particle filter and 9-axis sensor to provide indoor positioning. LAESO platform also develops the emergency notification and location-based real-time video monitoring services to handle emergency events, i.e., the elderly falls down. Finally, we propose a novel lost elderly searching method, which combines the GPS positioning and crowd sensing to help find the missing elderly. Our real prototyping experience and some experimental results are also reported.
Analogy Events: How Examples are Used During Problem Solving

In attempting to fit a model of analogical problem solving to protocol data of students solving physics problems, several unexpected observations were made. Analogies between examples and exercises (a form of case-based reasoning) consisted of two distinct types of events. During an initialization event, the solver retrieved an example, set up a mapping between it and the problem, and decided whether the example was useful. During a transfer event, the solver inferred something about the problem's solution. Many different types of initialization and transfer events were observed. Poor solvers tended to follow the example verbatim, copying each solution line over to the problem. Good solvers tried to solve the problem themselves, but referred to the example when they got stuck, or wanted to check a step, or wanted to avoid a detailed calculation. Rather than learn from analogies, both Good and Poor solvers tended to repeat analogies at subsequent similar situations. A revised version of the model is proposed (but not yet implemented) that appears to be consistent with all the findings observed in this and other studies of the same subjects.
The Gendered Hidden Curriculum of Adventure Education

Background: Critical examination by adventure educators in North American colleges and universities reveals that students receive messages about the nature of adventure education through both the intentional and hidden curriculum. Purpose: The study was designed to discover adventure education’s hidden curriculum and its potential effect on women in adventure education. Methodology/Approach: The phenomenon of the hidden curriculum was examined using a modified Delphi method. Three rounds of questionnaires solicited knowledge from a panel of experts (21 females and 18 males), who had tenure of at least 15 years in the adventure education field, to obtain a reliable semi-consensus of opinion. Findings/Conclusions: Gender-based hidden curriculum messages were found, including the prioritizing of values and traits perceived to be predominantly male, linguistic sexism, assumptions about outdoor identity, outdoor career messages, gender insensitive facilitation and teaching, and the centering of White men in the field’s history. Implications: The proposed strategies to consciously address sexism and gender role conditioning in the adventure education’s hidden curriculum may benefit women and gender-nonconforming participants and leaders.
Predictors of poor outcomes in patients with wild mushroom-induced acute liver injury

AIM To identify early predictive markers of poor outcomes in patients with acute liver injury from wild mushroom intoxication. METHODS This observational, retrospective record review involved adults aged ≥ 18 years admitted to emergency department with mushroom intoxication from January 2005 to December 2015. The diagnosis of mushroom intoxication was based on the following: (1) a positive history of recent wild mushroom intake (either raw or cooked); (2) the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as watery diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, after ingestion; and (3) the exclusion of other possible causes of acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was defined by a > 5-fold elevation of liver enzymes or moderate coagulopathy [international normalized ratio (INR) > 2.0]. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared in survivors and non-survivors. RESULTS Of 93 patients with mushroom intoxication, 23, 11 men (47.8%) and 12 women (52.2%), of median age 61 years, developed acute liver injury. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 43.5% (10/23). Among the laboratory variables, mean serum alkaline phosphatase (73.38 ± 10.89 mg/dL vs 180.40 ± 65.39 mg/dL, P < 0.01), total bilirubin (2.312 ± 1.16 mg/dL vs 7.16 ± 2.94 mg/dL, P < 0.01) concentrations and indirect/direct bilirubin (2.45 ± 1.39 mg/dL vs 0.99 ± 0.45 mg/dL, P < 0.01) ratio as well as prothrombin time (1.88 ± 0.83 mg/dL vs 10.43 ± 4.81 mg/dL, P < 0.01), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT; 32.48 ± 7.64 s vs 72.58 ± 41.29 s, P = 0.01), were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors. Logistic regression analysis showed that total bilirubin concentration (OR = 3.58, 95%CI: 1.25-10.22), indirect/direct bilirubin ratio (OR = 0.14, 95%CI: 0.02-0.94) and aPTT (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.04-1.63) were significantly associated with mortality. All patients with total bilirubin > 5 mg/dL or aPTT > 50 s on day 3 died. CONCLUSION Monitoring of bilirubin concentrations and aPTT may help in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with acute liver injury from wild mushroom intoxication.
A Peptide-Based Positron Emission Tomography Probe for In Vivo Detection of Caspase Activity in Apoptotic Cells

Purpose: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, can be leveraged as a surrogate measure of response to therapeutic interventions in medicine. Cysteine aspartic acid–specific proteases, or caspases, are essential determinants of apoptosis signaling cascades and represent promising targets for molecular imaging. Here, we report development and in vivo validation of [18F]4-fluorobenzylcarbonyl–Val–Ala–Asp(OMe)–fluoromethylketone ([18F]FB-VAD-FMK), a novel peptide-based molecular probe suitable for quantification of caspase activity in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET). Experimental Design: Supported by molecular modeling studies and subsequent in vitro assays suggesting probe feasibility, the labeled pan-caspase inhibitory peptide, [18F]FB-VAD-FMK, was produced in high radiochemical yield and purity using a simple two-step, radiofluorination. The biodistribution of [18F]FB-VAD-FMK in normal tissue and its efficacy to predict response to molecularly targeted therapy in tumors was evaluated using microPET imaging of mouse models of human colorectal cancer. Results: Accumulation of [18F]FB-VAD-FMK was found to agree with elevated caspase-3 activity in response to Aurora B kinase inhibition as well as a multidrug regimen that combined an inhibitor of mutant BRAF and a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor in V600EBRAF colon cancer. In the latter setting, [18F]FB-VAD-FMK PET was also elevated in the tumors of cohorts that exhibited reduction in size. Conclusions: These studies illuminate [18F]FB-VAD-FMK as a promising PET imaging probe to detect apoptosis in tumors and as a novel, potentially translatable biomarker for predicting response to personalized medicine. Clin Cancer Res; 20(8); 2126–35. ©2014 AACR.
Stable Boundary Layer and Its Impact on Tropical Cyclone Structure in a Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean Model

AbstractThe atmospheric boundary layer (BL) in tropical cyclones (TCs) connects deep convection within rainbands and the eyewall to the air–sea interface. Although the importance of the BL in TCs has been widely recognized in recent studies, how physical processes affect TC structure and intensity are still not well understood. This study focuses on a particular physical mechanism through which a TC-induced upper-ocean cooling within the core circulation of the TC can affect the BL and TC structure. A coupled atmosphere–ocean model forecast of Typhoon Choi-Wan (2009) is used to better understand the physical processes of air–sea interaction in TCs. A persistent stable boundary layer (SBL) is found to form over the cold wake within the TC’s right-rear quadrant, which influences TC structure by suppressing convection in rainbands downstream of the cold wake and enhancing the BL inflow into the inner core by increasing inflow angles over strong SST and pressure gradients. Tracer and trajectory analyses show .