Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Intervention Phrasing on Therapist-Client Communication

Whether therapists are capable of improving relevant processes of their clients with the help of verbal interventions depends on whether the clients understand the therapist's statements and intentions. The understandability of the interventions is dependent on how they are phrased. In this study the influence of various verbal parameters of the interventions (for example, length, unclarity, implicitly) were examined to determine how these parameters affect the client's capability to utilize constructive interventions. It was found that some of these parameters have significant effects; practical consequences of these results are discussed.
Association of root caries with oral habits in older individuals attending a rural health centre of a dental hospital in India.

BACKGROUND Many risk factors can compromise an older adult's systemic health. Among the oral ailments in the elderly, root caries is a significant one which causes tooth loss in them. Hence, there is a need to have a baseline data for understanding problem of root caries in elderly population and factors which affect its prevalence. AIMS a)To asses the prevalence of root caries in older individuals in a rural health centre in India. b) To asses the relationship of oral habits with root caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 210 elderly dentate and consenting individuals (123-females, 87-males) aged 55 to 75 y and above. Demographic and health behaviour data were collected through personal interviews. The subjects were examined for root caries. Statistical analyses of the data were done using chi-square and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Out of all, 94.76% of elderly patients examined had gingival recession in one or more teeth. The prevalence of root caries was 41.9%. The prevalence of root caries was significantly associated with age, perceived dryness of mouth, smoking, smoking and tobacco chewing and tobacco chewing only (p<0.05). There was significantly higher root caries in the age group of 75 years and above (OR-3.67). CONCLUSION It was evident from our study that root caries prevalence was high in elderly population. Age, root surfaces with recession, deleterious oral habits such as smoking, tobacco chewing, and dryness of mouth had a definite effect on the prevalence of root caries.
Screening of False Induction Motor Fault Alarms Produced by Axial Air Ducts Based on the Space-Harmonic-Induced Current Components

Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) based on the 50/60-Hz sidebands has become a common test in industry for monitoring the condition of the induction motor rotor cage. However, many cases of unnecessary motor inspection or outage due to false alarms produced by rotor axial duct interference have been reported. If the number of axial ducts and poles is identical, this can produce 50/60-Hz sideband frequency components in MCSA that overlap with that of rotor faults, resulting in false alarms. However, there currently is no practical test method available for distinguishing rotor faults and false indications other than testing the rotor offline or under the startup transient. In this paper, the feasibility of using the rotor fault frequency component produced by the space harmonic waves is evaluated as a solution for the first time. Since the fifth or seventh space harmonics have a spatial distribution of flux that does not penetrate in the rotor yoke to reach the axial ducts, they do not produce false alarms. The proposed method is verified on 6.6-kV motors misdiagnosed with broken bars via the 50/60-Hz sidebands of MCSA. It is shown that it provides reliable online indication of rotor faults independent of axial duct influence and can be used for screening out false alarms.
An Investigation of Difference Scores for a Grade-Level Testing Program

This article examines longitudinal changes in performance, at both the student and school district level, in major content areas of a widely used norm-referenced grade-level testing program. Specifically, data from Grades 3 to 4 and 7 to 8 of the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) are used for this purpose. Descriptive statistics and empirical norms are reported, and reliability estimates for difference scores for both students and districts are examined. This article begins with a review of traditional perspectives on change scores and a summary of more recent perspectives.
Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship and In-Role Behaviors

Previous organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) research (a) has not demonstrated that extra-role behaviors can be distinguished empirically from in-role activities, and (b) has not examined the relative contributions of components ofjob satisfaction a nd organizational commitment to the performance of OCBs. Factor analysis of survey data from 127 employees' supervisors supported the distinction between in-role behaviors and two forms of OCBs. Hierarchical regression analysis found two job cognitions variables (intrinsic and extrinsic) to be differentially related to the two types OCBs, but affective variables and organizational commitment were not significant predictors. The link between the present findings and previous research is discussed, as are directions forfuture research.
Being nice makes you attractive : the FDI-international political relations nexus

This paper investigates whether diplomatic relations have an impact on the location of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. This causality may be bidirectional since the conflict resolution literature has argued that globalisation exerts a pacifying effect on political conflicts and their more serious form, wars. The possibility of simultaneity between FDI and diplomatic relations is tested using a new political events dataset and a dynamic panel data model, which resolves the potential endogeneity bias and explicitly models the self-reinforcing nature of FDI. Econometric results confirm that FDI and diplomatic relations are endogenous and indicate that interstate political interactions and the existence of an armed conflict on a host country territory strongly affect the location choices of multinational companies. Furthermore, the signature of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) is shown to be an important channel through which diplomatic relations have an impact. ∗Address: Maison des sciences économiques, 106-112 Bld de l’Hôpital, 75647 Paris Cédex 13, France. Tel and Fax numbers: (0033) (1) 144 078 266/267. E-mail: rodolphe.desbordes@univ-paris1.fr. †Address: Maison des sciences économiques, 106-112 Bld de l’Hôpital, 75647 Paris Cédex 13, France. Tel and Fax numbers: (0033) (1) 144 078 266/267. E-mail: vincent.vicard@malix.univ-paris1.fr.
DAFEE: A Decomposed Approach for energy efficient networking in multi-radio multi-channel wireless networks

As wireless networks are gaining increasing popularity, the network energy efficiency has become a critical issue. In this paper, we focus on energy-efficient networking in a generic multi-radio multi-channel (MR-MC) wireless network where transmission scheduling, transmit power control, radio and channel assignment are coupled together in a multi-dimensional resource space, thus requiring joint optimization and low complexity algorithms. We propose a novel Decomposed Approach For energy-efficient (DAFEE) networking in MR-MC networks, with the objective to minimize network energy consumption while guaranteeing a certain level of performance. In particular, we leverage a multi-dimensional tuple-link based model and a concept of resource allocation pattern to transform the complex optimization problem into a linear programming (LP) problem. The LP problem however has a very large solution space due to the exponentially many possible resource allocation patterns. We then exploit delay column generation and distributed learning techniques to decompose the problem and solve it with an iterative process. Furthermore, we propose a sub-optimal algorithm to speed up the iteration with constant-bounded performance. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
THE FOUR GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERIZED EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT

Educational measurement is undergoing a revolution, due to the rapid dissemination of information-processing technology. One of the most notable aspects of that revolution is the rapidity with which it has come upon us. It is perhaps inevitable that the recent growth in power and sophistication of computing resources and the widespread dissemination of computers in daily life have brought about irreversible changes in educational measurement. Recent developments in computerized measurement are summarized by placing them in a four-generation framework, in which each generation represents a genus of increasing sophistication and power. Generation 1. Computerized testing (CT): administering conventional tests by computer Generation 2. Computerized adaptive testing (CAT): tailoring the difficulty or contents of the next piece presented or an aspect of the timing of the next item on the basis of examinees' responses Generation 3. Continuous measurement (CM): using calibrated measures embedded in a curriculum to continuously and unobtrusively estimate dynamic changes in the student's achievement trajectory and profile as a learner Generation 4. Intelligent measurement (IM): producing intelligent scoring, interpretation of individual profiles, and advice to learners and teachers, by means of knowledge bases and inferencing procedures While acknowledging the obvious pitfalls associated with proposing a framework in a developing field, the authors hope that the suggested framework will provide an ad interim contribution to the field's universe of discourse and facilitate communication about the rapidly developing issues.
Sex differences in newborn interaction with mother or father during skin‐to‐skin contact after Caesarean section

Aim: To investigate differences between the breast‐seeking and crying behaviour of girls and boys in skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) with their mother or their father after Caesarean section as well as the point‐in‐time for the first breastfeeding and to compare mothers’ and fathers’ interactive behaviour with their newborn girl or boy.
Saudi youth: the illusion of transnational freedom

The paper deals with the matter of Saudi youth as this correlates to increasing social problems of unemployment and sometimes antithetical cultural currents in conjunction with the spread of alternative media and a burgeoning public ‘space’ provided by the Internet. A third of the Kingdom's population is now under the age of 14, and how the youth are alternatively absorbed into the system or marginalized depends upon not only simple economic factors, but also tribal and sectarian affiliation which is downplayed or masked by the regime. The under‐represented among average Ḥijāzi youth who do not sense affiliation with the Wahhābi trends of the Najd as well as minority sects including Shīʿah in the Eastern Province and Ismāʿīlis is in the ʿAsīr are increasingly coming to identify with transnational groups outside the Kingdom, and whether the ruling family – which itself is facing a potential crisis of succession – can successfully maintain national unity which would entail genuine reform and a reduction in .
Exploring tourism as a potential development strategy for an artisanal fishing community in the Philippines: the case of Barangay Victory in Bolinao.

Development strategies for remote artisanal fishing communities in the less developed world often promote tourism as an alternative livelihood. However, little is known regarding the perspectives of fisherfolk in these communities on tourism as a potential livelihood. Furthermore, there is a paucity of research into fisherfolks’ understanding of tourism, how they identify their roles for potential involvement in tourism, and their desire to be “developed. ” This article reports on a case study of Barangay Victory, a remote fishing-based community in the Bolinao region of the Philippines. Twenty-one faceto-face semistructured interviews were conducted with community members. Methods were grounded within participatory action research and phenomenological inquiry. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Using a deductive approach, data sets were manually coded and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results demonstrate that residents rely heavily upon marine resources but, despite a reported declining fishery, the majority of fisherfolk remain satisfied with fishing as an occupation. Furthermore, although respondents stated a general willingness to engage in tourism development, the understanding of tourism (both the term itself and its potential role as a livelihood) was minimal. Thus, when considering the potential of tourism as a development strategy, though participant responses were positive, the results from this study have been interpreted as a yes that means a no. This lack of understanding of tourism as well as the expressed contentment with fishing as an occupation needs to be carefully considered when development strategies propose a livelihood shift towards tourism.
Lessons from the Intersexed

"This is a brave book. Kessler says things that need to be said, and she says them clearly, concisely, and with respect for the people whose lives are most affected by the questions she confronts. A must read for anyone concerned with intersex issues. " --Holly Devor, author of Gender Blending: Confronting the Limits of Duality and FTM: Female-to-Male Transsexuals in Society. "While the physician's response to an infant with ambiguous genitalia has been to produce categories like the 'successful vagina' and the 'good enough penis,' Kessler takes her cues from intersexuals themselves. This book is a brilliant and long overdue call for the reevaluation of gender variability. " --Judith Halberstam, author of Female Masculinity "Fascinating in what it tells us not only about situation in which sex assignment is uncertain but about the astonishingly weak empirical foundations on which the medical orthodoxies of binary sex and gender are built. A must for anyone interested in the ways widely accepted social beliefs and scientific explanations generate and reinforce each other. " --Ruth Hubbard, author of The Politics of Women's Biology and Exploding the Gene Myth From the moment intersexuality--the condition of having physical markers (genitals, gonads, or chromosomes) that are neither clearly female nor male--is suspected and diagnosed, social institutions are mobilized in order to maintain the two seemingly objective sexual categories. Infants' bodies are altered, and the "ambiguous" is made "normal. " As Kessler argues, the way the medical and psychological professions manage intersexuality is guided by our culture's beliefs about gender and genitals rather than by the needs of the child. Interviews with pediatric surgeons and endocrinologists as well as parents of intersexed children and adults who were treated for this condition in childhood lead Kessler to propose several new approaches for physicians in dealing with parents and children. Beyond the medical sphere, the author also evaluates a political vanguard intent on gaining acceptance by physicians and society at large of an intersexed identity. Lessons from the Intersexed explores the possibilities and implications of suspending a commitment to two "natural" genders. It addresses gender destabilization issues arising from intersexuality and compels a rethinking of the meaning of gender, genitals, and sexuality. Suzanne J. Kessler is professor of psychology at Purchase College, State University of New York. She is coauthor of Gender: An Ethnomethodological Approach.
Definitions of Transpersonal BMGIM Experience

The purpose of this study was to discover definitions of transpersonal experiences of the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (BMGIM). A qualitative interviewing method was implemented with nine BMGIM practitioners, all with extensive experience as BMGIM clients. Participants underwent three interviews. In the first interview, participants identified several of their own BMGIM experiences (as clients) which they considered transpersonal, and several which they did not. In the second interview, with the aid of a user–interactive computer program, each participant compared her or his own experiences, revealing interrelationships among them. In the third interview, participants elaborated upon certain interrelationships among experiences which emerged in the second interview. Interpretations of experiential interrelationships revealed a definition of transpersonal BMGIM experience for each participant. Results were considered in terms of existing understandings of transpersonal BMGIM experience, as well as in terms of implications for clinical work, theory, and research.
Marital Status and Other Correlates of Personal Bankruptcy, 1986–2004

ABSTRACT Relying on National Longitudinal Survey (NLS) data, this retrospective cohort study found that 11.6% (n = 882) of the eligible study sample (N = 7,609) declared personal or nonbusiness, nonentrepreneurial between 1986 and 2004. These debtors had average annual incomes that were about 2.5 times official poverty thresholds. Those who were divorced in 2004 were most likely to have declared bankruptcy (16.4%), followed by separated (13.9%), married with spouses present (11.2%), and never–married (7.0%) persons. Specific correlates of bankruptcy varied by year. Marital status was associated with likelihood of declaring bankruptcy in only 6 of 14 survey years: Never-married persons at the time of declared bankruptcy were less likely than married persons to declare, whereas formerly married persons, whether divorced or separated, were more likely than married persons to do so. Formerly married persons who declared bankruptcy bounced back economically to a lesser degree than did married persons, even though their predeclared bankruptcy levels of economic well-being were roughly equivalent. Interaction effects showed that formerly married women were more likely to declare bankruptcy than their male counterparts.
The LD4 motif of paxillin regulates cell spreading and motility through an interaction with paxillin kinase linker (PKL)

The small GTPases of the Rho family are intimately involved in integrin-mediated changes in the actin cytoskeleton that accompany cell spreading and motility. The exact means by which the Rho family members elicit these changes is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the interaction of paxillin via its LD4 motif with the putative ARF-GAP paxillin kinase linker (PKL) (Turner et al., 1999), is critically involved in the regulation of Rac-dependent changes in the actin cytoskeleton that accompany cell spreading and motility. Overexpression of a paxillin LD4 deletion mutant (paxillinΔLD4) in CHO.K1 fibroblasts caused the generation of multiple broad lamellipodia. These morphological changes were accompanied by an increase in cell protrusiveness and random motility, which correlated with prolonged activation of Rac. In contrast, directional motility was inhibited. These alterations in morphology and motility were dependent on a paxillin–PKL interaction. In cells overexpressing paxillinΔLD4 mutants, PKL localization to focal contacts was disrupted, whereas that of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and vinculin was not. In addition, FAK activity during spreading was not compromised by deletion of the paxillin LD4 motif. Furthermore, overexpression of PKL mutants lacking the paxillin-binding site (PKLΔPBS2) induced phenotypic changes reminiscent of paxillinΔLD4 mutant cells. These data suggest that the paxillin association with PKL is essential for normal integrin-mediated cell spreading, and locomotion and that this interaction is necessary for the regulation of Rac activity during these events.
METACHROMATIC LEUKODYSTROPHY WITHOUT ARYLSULFATASE A DEFICIENCY

Summary: Two siblings of consanguinous parents were noted to have a neurologic syndrome marked by developmental delay, regression of psychomotor performance, marked spasticity and progressive central nervous system degeneration. Markedly delayed nerve conduction times and a sural nerve biopsy which demonstrated changes typical of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) were evident. Impairment of sulfated glycolipid metabolism was documented by analysis of glycospingolipid in urinary sediment. In spite of these findings, activities of arylsulfatase A and cerebroside sulfatidase in white blood cells and cultured skin fibroblasts were near normal. However, when intact growing fibroblasts were loaded with 35SO4-sulfatide a clear defect in sulfatide cleavage, comparable to that seen in MLD patients, was observed. Thus, these patients represent a new form of sulfatide storage disease – MLD characterized by intact enzyme activity in cell homogenates but defective sulfolipid metabolism in vivo and in intact fibroblasts.Speculation: Since cell homogenates from these patients can cleave sulfatide in the presence of detergents while the patients themselves and their intact cells cannot, soire explanation other than decreased activity of the relevant lysosomal enzyme must be invoked to explain this storage disease. The two most plausible hypotheses are that either these patients have a defect which prevents enzyme and substrate interaction in the proper subcellular location, or that these patients are missing the putative glycoprotein ″activating factor″ necessary for sulfolipid hydrolysis in vivo.
Group Work and Cognitive Style

This article investigates the relationship between work-group members’ cognitive style (as measured by Allinson and Hayes’s Cognitive Style Index), the group’s task and setting, and the way in which group members behave in the group. Behavior of a homogeneous analytic, a homogeneous intuitive, and a heterogeneous group was observed in a mechanistic setting and analyzed using discourse analysis. This study is discussed in light of a previous study in which homogeneous analytic and homogeneous intuitive groups worked in an organic setting. These two studies use different methodologies (quantitative approach versus qualitativediscursive). The benefits of methodological eclecticism are discussed.
An Electromyographic-driven Musculoskeletal Torque Model using Neuro-Fuzzy System Identification: A Case Study

The purpose of this study was to estimate the torque from high-density surface electromyography signals of biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and the medial and lateral heads of triceps brachii muscles during moderate-to-high isometric elbow flexion-extension. The elbow torque was estimated in two following steps: First, surface electromyography (EMG) amplitudes were estimated using principal component analysis, and then a fuzzy model was proposed to illustrate the relationship between the EMG amplitudes and the measured torque signal. A neuro-fuzzy method, with which the optimum number of rules could be estimated, was used to identify the model with suitable complexity. Utilizing the proposed neuro-fuzzy model, the clinical interpretability was introduced; contrary to the previous linear and nonlinear black-box system identification models. It also reduced the estimation error compared with that of the most recent and accurate nonlinear dynamic model introduced in the literature. The optimum number of the rules for all trials was 4 ± 1, that might be related to motor control strategies and the % variance accounted for criterion was 96.40 ± 3.38 which in fact showed considerable improvement compared with the previous methods. The proposed method is thus a promising new tool for EMG-Torque modeling in clinical applications.