Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some numerical aspects for solving sparse large linear systems derived from the Helmholtz equation

In this report, several numerical aspects and diculties for solving a linear system derived from the time-harmonic wave equations are overviewed. The presentation begins with the derivation of the governing equation for waves propagating in general inhomogeneous media. Due to the need of numerical solutions, various discretizations based on finite difference are discussed. Some numerical methods which are considered applicable for solving the resulting large but sparse, indefinite, non-Hermitian linear system are discussed, including some types of existing preconditioners to possibly accelerate the convergence. Following demands for solving large linear problems in parallel computers, domain decomposition methods are revisited, with particular attentions on methods for solving the discrete Helmholtz equation.
Obesity, Inflammation, and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: Therapeutic Implications

Breast cancer is the female malignant neoplasia with the highest incidence in the industrialized world. Although early diagnosis has contributed to therapeutic success, breast cancer remains a major health issue. In the last few year the hormone therapy for estrogen-dependent breast cancer has evolved achieving significant clinical results; at the same time, it has enabled us to better define the role of estrogens in the etiopathogenesis of this tumour. Weight increase and obesity have been identified as the most important risk and prognostic factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the association of obesity with postmenopausal breast cancer. Specific obesity-associated factors, including leptin, insulin and inflammatory mediators, seem to influence breast cancer growth and prognosis independently of estrogens and at least in part by interacting with estrogen signalling at a cellular level. Therefore, a careful assessment of the nutritional status and body composition is paramount for a proper therapeutic approach for postmenopausal breast carcinoma. The use of antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory drugs associated with conventional hormone therapies and dietary/physical interventions could offer a new therapeutic approach for breast carcinoma that develops in the context of adiposity.
Universität Des Saarlandes Fachrichtung 6.1 – Mathematik Convection-adapted Bem-based Fem Convection-adapted Bem-based Fem Convection-adapted Bem-based Fem

We present a new discretization method for homogeneous convection-diffusion-reaction boundary value problems in 3D that is a non-standard finite element method with PDE-harmonic shape functions on polyhedral elements. The element stiffness matrices are constructed by means of local boundary element techniques. Our method, which we refer to as a BEM-based FEM, can therefore be considered a local Trefftz method with element-wise (locally) PDE-harmonic shape functions. The Dirichlet boundary data for these shape functions is chosen according to a convection-adapted procedure which solves projections of the PDE onto the edges and faces of the elements. This improves the stability of the discretization method for convection-dominated problems both when compared to a standard FEM and to previous BEM-based FEM approaches, as we demonstrate in several numerical experiments.
Biodegration of s-triazine xenobiotics

Biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds is examined with s-triazines as an example and with biological treatment of wastewater containing s-triazines as an aim. s-Triazines have been termed recalcitrant, but examination of the literature indicates that a potential for biodegradation exists. Nitrogen-limited enrichment cultures yield organisms able to degrade by-products of the industrial synthesis of s-triazine herbicides as sources of nitrogen. The choice of inoculum for these enrichments is important and often allows for successful enrichment after simple batch culture, but organisms containing several degradative reactions could be obtained only after selection in extended culture. Routine, specific determinations of all s-triazines (by HPLC) were essential throughout the work. Molar growth yields show complete mass balances for the utilization of s-triazines. Kinetic experiments indicate that specific degradation rates of s-triazines in growing cells are about 0.4 mkat/kg of protein. Characterised biochemical pathways consist of a series of hydrolytic cleavages of chloro-, amino- and alkylamino-groups from the s-triazine ring. Pathways converge to cyanuric acid, which is subject to hydrolytic ring cleavage to CO2 and NH4+ via hydrolysis of biuret and urea. Our cultures degraded all significant s-triazines in real wastewater. But the system was not practicable because the specific activities of some enzymes were too low, because of inhibition by salt in the wastewater and because expensive carbon sources were necessary. Improved planning for enrichment cultures is seen to be necessary and this depends on adequate knowledge of the chemistry of the wastes.
A human population bottleneck can account for the discordance between patterns of mitochondrial versus nuclear DNA variation.

Whether or not humans have experienced a reduction in population size in the recent past is a controversial issue germane to the origin and colonization of our own species (Stringer and Andrews 1988). A change in population size can result in deviations from the neutral patterns of nucleotide variation expected at equilibrium. Using the frequency distribution of mutations segregating in extant populations, the magnitude of a deviation can be measured by Tajima’s (1989a) D statistic or by a number of alternative measures (Fu and Li 1993; Fu 1996). In a population of constant size, variation at a neutrally evolving locus is expected to have a D value of approximately zero. Following a reduction in population size, rare frequency mutations are lost more readily than are common mutations (Nei, Maruyama, and Chakraborty 1975), and transient positive D values are expected (Tajima 1989b). Following an increase in population size, there is a temporary excess of new mutations segregating at rare frequencies, and negative D values are expected. The sign of Tajima’s D subsequent to a population bottleneck can be positive, negative, or zero depending on the length of time since the bottleneck and the severity of the bottleneck. If a bottleneck is so severe that all variation is eliminated or lasts so long that the population reaches a new equilibrium, Tajima’s D follows the pattern produced by an expansion in population size. However, following an incomplete bottleneck, Tajima’s D is transiently positive before becoming negative and eventually approaching its equilibrium (Tajima 1989b). In humans, mitochondrial variation is characterized by an excess of rare frequency mutations and a negative D value, which has been interpreted as the result of a recent expansion in population size (Merriwether et al. 1991; Rogers and Harpending 1992). In contrast, most nuclear loci are characterized by the opposite pattern, an excess of common mutations and positive D values, which can result from a recent reduction in population size (Hey 1997; Harding et al. 1997; Clark et al. 1998; Zietkiewicz et al. 1998). The conflicting profiles of mitochondrial and nuclear variation have led to the suggestion that these patterns cannot be simultaneously accounted for by human population history, which must be shared by both genomes (Hey 1997).
Can Infants Reason About Beliefs

At what point in development does the capacity to reason about what people think emerge? While developmental psychologists have been investigating this question for more than thirty years, the evidence they have gained so far is conflicting. On the one hand, the results of traditional, direct false-beliefs tests, which involve asking participants how a person with a false belief will act, suggest that most children under four years of age are still unaware that beliefs can be false. On the other hand, false-belief tests using indirect measures, such as, for example, looking times or anticipatory looking, suggest that even infants ascribe false beliefs to other people. As many have noted, these results pose a deep developmental puzzle. In this work, I defend the claim that infants can already reason about beliefs. On the one hand, I argue that alternative interpretations of indirect false-belief tests fall short of the mark. On the other, I argue that the fact that young children fail direct false-belief tests can be explained in either of two ways, both of which are compatible with the claim that the capacity to reason about beliefs emerges early on. The first option is to maintain that young children fail because of performance difficulties. This type of position has been defended by other authors, but I argue that the particular proposal I put forward (which I call the processing-time account) offers a better account of the evidence. In contrast, the second option (which I call they hybrid approach) is one that, to the best of my knowledge, no one else has defended so far. This consists in arguing that direct and indirect false-belief tests recruit distinct cognitive systems, each of which can independently sustain the ability to reason about beliefs, but which follow different developmental trajectories. After exploring these two options, I consider which is best supported by the evidence.
Extending Gossip Algorithms to Distributed Estimation of U-statistics

Efficient and robust algorithms for decentralized estimation in networks are essential to many distributed systems. Whereas distributed estimation of sample mean statistics has been the subject of a good deal of attention, computation of $U$-statistics, relying on more expensive averaging over pairs of observations, is a less investigated area. Yet, such data functionals are essential to describe global properties of a statistical population, with important examples including Area Under the Curve, empirical variance, Gini mean difference and within-cluster point scatter. This paper proposes new synchronous and asynchronous randomized gossip algorithms which simultaneously propagate data across the network and maintain local estimates of the $U$-statistic of interest. We establish convergence rate bounds of $O(1/t)$ and $O(\log t / t)$ for the synchronous and asynchronous cases respectively, where $t$ is the number of iterations, with explicit data and network dependent terms. Beyond favorable comparisons in terms of rate analysis, numerical experiments provide empirical evidence the proposed algorithms surpasses the previously introduced approach.
On the suitability of UML 2.0 activity diagrams for business process modelling

UML is posited as the "swiss army knife" for systems modelling and design activities. It embodies a number of modelling formalisms that have broad applicability in capturing both the static and dynamic aspects of software systems. One area of UML that has received particular attention is that of Activity Diagrams (ADs), which provide a high-level means of modelling dynamic system behaviour. In this paper we examine the suitability of UML 2.0 Activity Diagrams for business process modelling, using the Workflow Patterns as an evaluation framework. The Workflow Patterns are a collection of patterns developed for assessing control-flow, data and resource capabilities in the area of Process Aware Information Systems (PAIS). In doing so, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the capabilities of UML 2.0 ADs, and their strengths and weaknesses when utilised for business process modelling.
Retention and Job Satisfaction: A Study of Career and Technical Education Teachers in Midwestern State

The progressive interests in retaining teachers has long been studied in numerous educational settings. Extensive research pointed out the essential factors towards retaining teachers and understand their job satisfaction to ensure the quality of education is served. Unfortunately, far too little attention has been paid to research pertaining Career and Technical Education (CTE) teachers’ job satisfaction and retention. The role of CTE teachers in preparing skilled-and semiskilled workers for employment is significant. This study focused on factors that affect whether or not CTE teachers stay in the teaching profession by using an online survey. From a population of 2607 teachers with valid email addresses, the total number of completed surveys was 581 participants. A two-phase of multiple linear regression was carried out. Five factors were found to be significant with the teachers’ retention plan: salary, administrative workloads, teachers’ evaluation, and assessment, motivation, and job satisfaction. A chi-square test was employed and showed significant relationships between the teachers’ age when entering the profession and their satisfaction with teaching. The findings contribute implications for educational stakeholders in strategizing plan and action to retain CTE teachers in the CTE school system. To ensure CTE teachers, not only strive and survive in the teaching profession, understand their job satisfaction and reasons for them to remain in teaching is the essence of longevity of CTE school system in the educational paradigm.
Vehicular Data Space: The Data Point of View

Over the years, governments and automakers launched initiatives to improve road traffic efficiency, safety, and people mobility. They have been working on various aspects of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs), which aim to improve decision-making, availability of information, and communication technologies to provide applications and services to boost the transportation systems. The development of new applications and services for ITS depends on the availability of different data sources, what it is not the current case. Many studies focus on the communication issues of applications and their associated challenges. To reveal the recent vehicular data use, we examined the most remarkable studies of the last few years, which describe services and applications for ITS, however with a focus on the data employed by them. We introduce the concept of vehicular data space (VDS), which is then used to describe the vehicular scenario from the perspective of data. Moreover, we outline a taxonomy, according to the different data sources. We also categorize the applications, highlighting the data each one used in their approach. Finally, we present some challenges and open issues related to the process for data creation, data preparation, data processing, and data use. In a nutshell, this paper constitutes one of the first holistic surveys on services and applications for ITSs, focusing on the data used by them, as well as their future challenges.
Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release by Synapsin III

Synapsin III is the most recently identified member of the synapsin family, a group of synaptic vesicle proteins that play essential roles in neurotransmitter release and neurite outgrowth. Here, through the generation and analysis of synapsin III knock-out mice, we demonstrate that synapsin III regulates neurotransmitter release in a manner that is distinct from that of synapsin I or synapsin II. In mice lacking synapsin III, the size of the recycling pool of synaptic vesicles was increased, and synaptic depression was reduced. The number of vesicles that fuse per action potential was similar between synapsin III knock-out and wild-type mice, and there was no change in the quantal content of EPSCs; however, IPSCs were greatly reduced in synapsin III-deficient neurons. The density and distribution of synaptic vesicles in presynaptic terminals did not appear to be different in synapsin III knock-out mice in comparison to wild-type littermates. In addition to the changes in neurotransmitter release, we observed a specific delay in axon outgrowth in cultured hippocampal neurons from synapsin III knock-out mice. Our data indicate that synapsin III plays unique roles both in early axon outgrowth and in the regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking.
An Integrative Analysis of Person-Organization Fit Theories

This study provides an integrative analysis of three approaches to person-organization (P-O) fit theory and measurement: values congruence and personality congruence (supplementary fit measures), and work environment congruence (a needs-supplies fit measure). Commensurate measures of each aspect of fit were collected from 105 employees in six organizations in the western United States. Values congruence and work environment congruence were both related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but personality congruence was not. All three fit measures were related to employees' intent to remain with their employer, although this effect was generally mediated by satisfaction and commitment. When multiple fit measures were used in a single analysis, values congruence and work environment congruence had the strongest and most consistent effects on the outcome measures. These results suggest a revised, multidimensional model of P-O fit.
p300-mediated acetylation of the Rothmund-Thomson-syndrome gene product RECQL4 regulates its subcellular localization

RECQL4 belongs to the conserved RecQ family of DNA helicases, members of which play important roles in the maintenance of genome stability in all organisms that have been examined. Although genetic alterations in the RECQL4 gene are reported to be associated with three autosomal recessive disorders (Rothmund-Thomson, RAPADILINO and Baller-Gerold syndromes), the molecular role of RECQL4 still remains poorly understood. Here, we show that RECQL4 specifically interacts with the histone acetyltransferase p300 (also known as p300 HAT), both in vivo and in vitro, and that p300 acetylates one or more of the lysine residues at positions 376, 380, 382, 385 and 386 of RECQL4. Furthermore, we report that these five lysine residues lie within a short motif of 30 amino acids that is essential for the nuclear localization of RECQL4. Remarkably, the acetylation of RECQL4 by p300 in vivo leads to a significant shift of a proportion of RECQL4 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This accumulation of the acetylated RECQL4 is a result of its inability to be imported into the nucleus. Our results provide the first evidence of a post-translational modification of the RECQL4 protein, and suggest that acetylation of RECQL4 by p300 regulates the trafficking of RECQL4 between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Cigarette Smoking Promotes Inflammation in Patients with COPD by Affecting the Polarization and Survival of Th/Tregs through Up-Regulation of Muscarinic Receptor 3 and 5 Expression

Background CD4+ T cells in the lung are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although CD4+ T cell subsets and the direct effect of smoking on these cells, especially the expression of MRs, have not been comprehensively examined. Methods First, circulating CD4+ T cell subsets in healthy nonsmokers, patients with SCOPD and patients with AECOPD were evaluated by flow cytometry. Then, differentiation experiments were carried out using RT-PCR, and Ki-67/Annexin V antibodies were used to measure proliferation and apoptosis. We also explored the impact of CSE on the differentiation and survival of CD4+Th/Tregs and examined the expression of MRs in healthy nonsmokers and patients with SCOPD. Results We found the percentages of circulating Th1 and Th17 cells were increased in patients with AECOPD, while the percentage of Th2 cells was decreased in patients with SCOPD. The percentages of Th10 cells were decreased in both patients with SCOPD and patients with AECOPD, while the percentages of Tregs were increased. In addition, the percentages of CD4+α-7+ T cells were decreased in patients with SCOPD and patients with AECOPD. However, only the decrease observed in patients with AECOPD was significant. In vitro studies also revealed MR expression affected the polarization of T cells, with different CD4+ T cell subtypes acquiring different MR expression profiles. The addition of CSE facilitated CD4+ T cell polarization towards pro-inflammatory subsets (Th1 and Th17) and affected the survival of CD4+ T cells and Treg cells by up-regulating the expression of MR3 and 5, resulting in an imbalance of CD4+ T cell subsets. Conclusions Our findings suggest an imbalance of circulating CD4+ T cell subsets is involved in COPD pathogenesis in smokers. Cigarette smoking may contribute to this imbalance by affecting the polarization and survival of Th/Tregs through the up-regulation of MR3 and MR5.
Fotonovela with Cognitive Conflict Approach as Media to Discloses The Easy and Difficult Remedied Misconception

identifikasi miskonsepsi menggunakan CRI dan wawancara sehingga diketahui adanya miskobsepsi pada materi kubematika gerak lurus. penggunaan fotonovela berpebdekatan konflik kognitif dapat menurunkan miskonsepsi sebesar 14,81%.
Building Farm Resilience: The Prospects and Challenges of Organic Farming

ABSTRACT The concept of socio-ecological resilience is applied to agricultural systems in general and to the farm level in particular. Resilience has three defining characteristics: the amount of change the system can undergo while maintaining its functions and structures, the degree of self-organization, and the capacity for learning and adaptation. To assess the resilience of a farming system, various elements that can build resilience are identified. Using these elements, the paper assesses organic agriculture using the IFOAM Basic Standard. The analysis shows that organic farming has a number of promising characteristics building resilience. However, when analyzing the current development of organic farming practice in light of the effects of government regulation and market dynamics, there is a danger that this quality is lost. Therefore, conversion alone may not be enough to ensure farm resilience. The ability of organic farming to realize its resilience building potential will depend on the ability of the organic movement to adapt and learn from the current experiences.
Analysis of the agreement between the World Health Organization criteria and the National Cholesterol Education Program-III definition of the metabolic syndrome: results from a population-based survey.

Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic proficiency of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-III definitions (1,2) for the metabolic syndrome in a Mexican nationwide, population-based survey. Details of the sampling procedures have been previously described (3). The population was composed of 2,158 men and women aged 20–69 years sampled after a 9- to 12-h fasting period. For the WHO criteria, insulin resistance was diagnosed if a nondiabetic …