Creando un equipo de salud oral en el centro de educación especial

espanolIntroduccion: los centros de educacion especial son aquellos donde se escolariza a los ninos con necesidades educativas especiales deriva­da de su diversidad funcional. En estos centros juegan un papel funda­mental los educadores quienes, junto con los padres, deben ayudar a los ninos en aras a la consecucion de la maima autonomia de vida futura. Objetivos: los objetivos del presente trabajo son evaluar el estado de salud bucodental de una muestra de nino con diversidad funcional, penenecientes a dos colegios de educacion especial de la Comunidad de Madrid, y de arrollar, junto a padres y educadores, medidas indi­vidualizadas a cada paciente que faciliten su autonomia en salud oral. Material y metodos: partimos de la unificacion de conocimientos en salud oral, en aras a crear agente de salud en el hogar y centros de educacion especial. Para ello, se impartieron conferencias educativas a padres y educadores. Paralelamente, con el objetivo de facilitar la consecucion de una autonomia en salud oral en el nino con diver­sidad funcional, se realizaron talleres teorico-practicos adaptados a cada grupo de ninos, segun edad y coeficiente intelectual. Se realiza­ron igualmente exploraciones bucodentales en una muestra final de 66 paciente , tras aplicar los criterios de inclusion y exclusion, para conocer el estado de salud oral e indice de riesgo individualizado de cada nino. Estos datos fueron entregados a cada progenitor, con el objeto de facilitarles informacion para la consecucion y manteni­miento de La salud oral de los niiios. Resultados: se encontraron valores de caries de 25.75% y altos indices de placa en la mayoria de la muestra. Las maloclusiones estaban presentes en la mitad de los ninos estudiados y en casi el 32% se encontraron anomalia dentaria . Conclusiones: como conclusion, podemos observar que las per­sonas con diversidad funcional acumulan gran cantidad de patologia oral, siendo realmente complicada su posterior terapia. Las medidas preventivas, en estos casos, representan el punto de partida para la consecucion y mantenimiento de su salud oral desde edades precoces. EnglishBackground: Special education centers are those where children with special education needs arising from their functional diversity, are schooled. In these centers the educators play an essential role, together with parents, as they have to help these children reach maximum autonomy in their future lives. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health of a sample of children with functional diversity belonging to two educational schools in the Community of Madrid, and to develop together with parents and educators, individualized support for each patient, in order to encourage self-sufficiency in oral health. Material and methods: We tarted by unifying oral health knowl­edge, with a view to creating health agents at home and at the pecial education centers. For this, educational talks were given for parents and educators. Along parallel lines, and in order to facilitate self-suf­ficiency in oral health among children with functional diversity, the­oretical-practical workshops were carried out that were adapted to each group of children, according to age and intelligence quotient. Oral examination were also carried out among a final sample of 66 patient after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in order to discover the oral health status and individualized risk index of each child. The data was given to each parent in order to give them information on what had been accomplished and what needed to be maintained. Results: Caries values were found of 25.75% together with a high plaque index in most of the sample. Malocclusion was present in half the children studied and in nearly 32% dental anomalies were found. Conclusions: To conclude we were able to observe that people with functional diversity accumulate considerable oral di ea e. and therapy for this is very complicated. Preventative measures in these cases are a starting point for achieving and maintaining good oral health from an early age.