Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TYPES ON AFFECT AND COGNTION AFTER A STRESSOR

Aerobic exercise has benefits on both physical and mental health, including a reduction of stress. However, the differential effects of specific types of aerobic exercise are unclear. We compared the effects of two different types of aerobic exercise (highintensity interval training; HIIT, and endurance training; ET) with an active control group (relaxation) on mood and cognition following a stressor. Participants were healthy undergraduates (aged 18-25). Physiological tests (e.g., heart rate; HR, and blood pressure; BP) were administered, followed by psychological tests of mood and cognition (e.g., Visual Analogue Scale; VAS, and Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics; ANAM). Participants completed a negative mood-induction/stressor task (e.g. impromptu public speaking), and were then randomly assigned to complete one of three interventions (e.g. HIIT, ET, control). Physiological and psychological tests were then re-administered. We predict that the two forms of aerobic exercise (e.g. HIIT, ET) will have independent effects on mood and cognition, from the control and from each other. Our results will inform whether certain types of aerobic exercise (e.g. HIIT, ET) differentially impact mood and cognition and may promote the development of exercise-based interventions for stress-related emotional disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety, etc.).
Plasmin releases the anti-tumor peptide from the NC1 domain of collagen XIX

During tumor invasion, tumor cells degrade the extracellular matrix. Basement membrane degradation is responsible for the production of peptides with anti-tumor properties. Type XIX collagen is associated with basement membranes in vascular, neuronal, mesenchymal and epithelial tissues. Previously, we demonstrated that the non-collagenous NC1, C-terminal, domain of collagen XIX [NC1(XIX)] inhibits the migration capacities of tumor cells and exerts a strong inhibition of tumor growth. Here, we demonstrate that plasmin, one of the most important enzyme involved in tumor invasion, was able to release a fragment of NC1(XIX), which retained the anti-tumor activity. Molecular modeling studies showed that NC1(XIX) and the anti-tumor fragment released by plasmin (F4) adopted locally the same type I β-turn conformation. This suggests that the anti-tumor effect is conformation-dependent. This study demonstrates that collagen XIX is a novel proteolytic substrate for plasmin. Such release may constitute a defense of the organism against tumor invasion.
HLA-DR typing by PCR amplification with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 2 hours: an alternative to serological DR typing in clinical practice including donor-recipient matching in cadaveric transplantation.

In most PCR-based tissue typing techniques the PCR amplification is followed by a post-amplification specificity step. In typing by PCR amplification with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP), typing specificity is part of the amplification step, which makes the technique almost as fast as serological tissue typing. In the present study primers were designed for DR "low-resolution" typing by PCR-SSP, i.e. identifying polymorphism corresponding to the serologically defined series DR1-DRw18. This resolution was achieved by performing 19 PCR reactions per individual, 17 for assigning DR1-DRw18 and 2 for the DRw52 and DRw53 superspecificities. Thirty cell lines and 121 individuals were typed by the DR "low-resolution" PCR-SSP technique, TaqI DRB-DQA-DQB RFLP analysis and serology. The concordance between PCR-SSP typing and RFLP analysis was 100%. The reproducibility was 100% in 40 samples typed on two separate occasions. No false-positive or false-negative typing results were obtained. All homozygous and heterozygous combinations of DR1-DRw18 could be distinguished. Amplification patterns segregated according to dominant Mendelian inheritance. DNA preparation, PCR amplification and post-amplification processing, including gel detection, documentation and interpretation, were performed in 2 hours. In conclusion, PCR-SSP is an accurate typing technique with high sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. The method is rapid and inexpensive. DR "low-resolution" typing by the PCR-SSP technique is ideally suited for analyzing small numbers of samples simultaneously and is an alternative to serological DR typing in routine clinical practice including donor-recipient matching in cadaveric transplantations.
High school students' perceptions of school science and science careers: A critical look at a critical issue

Disproportionate representation of males and females in science courses and careers continues to be of concern. This article explores gender differences in Australian high school students’ perceptions of school science and their intentions to study university science courses. Nearly 3800 15year-old students responded to a range of 5-point Likert items relating to intentions to study science at university, perceptions of career-related instrumental issues such as remuneration and job security, self-rated science ability and enjoyment of school science. Australian boys and girls reported enjoying science to a similar extent, however boys reported enjoying it more in relation to other subjects than did girls, and rated their ability in science compared to others in their class more highly than did girls. There was no significant difference between the mean responses of girls and boys to the item “It is likely I will choose a science-related university course when I leave school” and the strongest predictors of responses to this item were items relating to students’ liking for school science and awareness from school science of new and exciting jobs, followed by their perceived self-ability. These results are discussed in relation to socio-scientific values that interact with identity and career choices, employment prospects in science, and implications for science education.
Containment control of linear multi‐agent systems with multiple leaders of bounded inputs using distributed continuous controllers

This paper considers the containment control problem for multi‐agent systems with general linear dynamics and multiple leaders whose control inputs are possibly nonzero and time varying. Based on the relative states of neighboring agents, a distributed static continuous controller is designed, under which the containment error is uniformly ultimately bounded and the upper bound of the containment error can be made arbitrarily small, if the subgraph associated with the followers is undirected and, for each follower, there exists at least one leader that has a directed path to that follower. It is noted that the design of the static controller requires the knowledge of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix and the upper bounds of the leaders’ control inputs. In order to remove these requirements, a distributed adaptive continuous controller is further proposed, which can be designed and implemented by each follower in a fully distributed fashion. Extensions to the case where only local output information is available and to the case of multi‐agent systems with matching uncertainties are also discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A.H. Tammsaare’s Truth and Justice as a Postcolonial Bildungsroman

A.H. Tammsaare’s pentalogy Truth and Justice is considered a central text in Estonian culture, perceived virtually as a second national epic. The article analyzes it from the perspective of comparative genre studies. It is discussed as an idiosyncratic example of Bildungsroman, a genre narrativizing modernizing change focusing on the lives of everyday individuals, thus symbolically domesticating and humanizing the global developments of modernization. The emplotment of Tammsaare’s novel is comparatively discussed against the background of the Western European Bildungsroman on the one hand and of non-European postcolonial Bildungsroman on the other. The analysis enables to gain new insight into the reception and cultural working-through of the belated rapid modernization in Estonia. It also helps to explain the canonical position of Tammsaare’s novel in Estonian literature: The novel is a poetic tour de force that forges a both intra- and internationally acceptable model of modern Estonia.
Inhibition of the Membrane Attack Complex of the Complement System Reduces Secondary Neuroaxonal Loss and Promotes Neurologic Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death in young adults. The secondary neuroinflammation and neuronal damage that follows the primary mechanical injury is an important cause of disability in affected people. The membrane attack complex (MAC) of the complement system is detected in the traumatized brain early after TBI; however, its role in the pathology and neurologic outcome of TBI has not yet been investigated. We generated a C6 antisense oligonucleotide that blocks MAC formation by inhibiting C6, and we compared its therapeutic effect to that of Ornithodoros moubata complement inhibitor (OmCI), a known inhibitor of C5 activation that blocks generation of the anaphylatoxin C5a and C5b, an essential component of MAC. Severe closed head injury in mice induced abundant MAC deposition in the brain. Treatment with C6 antisense reduced C6 synthesis (85%) and serum levels (90%), and inhibited MAC deposition in the injured brain (91–96%). Treatment also reduced accumulation of microglia/macrophages (50–88%), neuronal apoptosis, axonal loss and weight loss (54–93%), and enhanced neurologic performance (84–92%) compared with placebo-treated controls after injury. These data provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, that inhibition of MAC formation in otherwise complement-sufficient animals reduces neuropathology and promotes neurologic recovery after TBI. Given the importance of maintaining a functional complement opsonization system to fight infections, a critical complication in TBI patients, inhibition of the MAC should be considered to reduce posttraumatic neurologic damage. This work identifies a novel therapeutic target for TBI and will guide the development of new therapy for patients.
Clinical Features of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Korea

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex disease, triggered by a hypersensitivity reaction to the allergen Aspergillus fumigatus. This disease occurs frequently in patients with cystic fibrosis and severe asthma in Western countries, with a prevalence of 2%-15%. However, there have been only a few case reports in Korea. We investigated the clinical and immunological features of patients with ABPA. Ten adult patients diagnosed with ABPA, according to Greenberger's criteria, were analyzed during the period January 2001 to December 2010 in a tertiary hospital. Skin-prick tests, pulmonary function tests, and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were performed, and total serum IgE and A. fumigatus-specific IgE were measured. The patient cohort consisted of men who were middle-aged (median, 62.5; range, 19.0-79.0 years) at the diagnosis of ABPA with a long duration of asthma (median, 15.0; range, 1-48 years). Approximately 40% of the patients had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis more than 10 years prior to the study (median 23.5; range, 10.0-31.0 years) accompanied by severe obstructive lung function and radiological post-tuberculous destructive lung lesions. These patients also tended to have increased levels of immunologic parameters, such as total eosinophil count, total IgE, and A. fumigates-specific IgE, compared to those without tuberculosis sequels. Two patients with steroid-dependent asthma were treated with anti-IgE therapy and showed good responses. We report the clinical features of 10 ABPA patients, including 4 with histories of post-tuberculosis destructive lesions. Furthermore, anti-IgE antibody therapy may be an alternative strategy in cases of steroid-dependent ABPA.
Effect of Two-tier Diagnostic Tests on Promoting Learners’ Conceptual Understanding of Variables in Conducting Scientific Experiments

Taking a test generally improves the retention of the material tested. This is a phenomenon commonly referred to as testing effect. The present research investigated whether two-tier diagnostic tests promoted student teachers’ conceptual understanding of variables in conducting scientific experiments, which is a scientific process skill. In this study, 97 preservice science teachers were divided into three groups. All three groups took a physics laboratory course during the fall term in which they learned about variables in the course. Each group was engaged in a different learning activity after the physics laboratory course: taking a two-tier diagnostic test, taking a multiple choice test, or studying a lecture summary. The narratives of the participants before and after the learning activities were transcribed into a format of flow maps to assess their conceptual understanding of variables. The results revealed that the two-tier diagnostic test is an effective tool in promoting conceptual understanding of complex concepts about variables in conducting scientific experiments.
Effect of different input/output modalities on the performance of blind and sighted people on mental route tasks

This study aimed to explore the mechanisms involved in mental route establishment in blind individuals. For this, an experiment was conducted to measure the accuracy of mental route establishment in blind and sighted individuals using different information-input/response-output modalities and clue conditions. An equal number of blind and sighted participants (12 each, N = 24) performed mental route establishment tasks with and without clues. Four input/response combinations of auditory/verbal, auditory/manual, tactile/verbal, and tactile/manual were used. Participants’ accuracy was compared based on the input modality, nature of task (with/without clue), and status of vision (blind/sighted). Blind participants were further compared in terms of onset of blindness (congenital/late). Results revealed better performance of blind individuals, especially the congenitally blind, on all combinations of modalities and tasks. All participants exhibited the best performance in the tactile/manual mode, indicating that this may be the best mode for mental route establishment. Additionally, it was found that it might be easy to establish a mental route when the task had clues. These results could offer design suggestions for auxiliary devices for blind individuals.
Does your organization use gender inclusive forms? Nurses' confusion about trans* terminology.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe nurses confusion around trans* terminology and to provide a lesson in Trans* 101 for readers. BACKGROUND Of the estimated 9 million persons in the United States of America who are identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, about 950,000 (0.2-0.5% of adult population) are identified as trans* (a term that encompasses the spectrum, including transgender, transsexual, trans man, trans woman and other terms). The Institute of Medicine (2011, The health of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people: Building a foundation for better understanding. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC) identified transgender persons as an understudied population with significant need for health research, yet the nursing literature contains little guidance for educating nurses on trans* issues. DESIGN This is a mixed methods structured interview design with nurse key informants. The scripted interview was based on the Health Care Equality Index, which evaluates patient-centred care to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender patients and families. These data were part of a larger research study that explored the current state of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender-sensitive nursing practice. METHOD Undergraduate nursing students recruited and interviewed 268 nurse key informants about gender inclusive forms (capable of identifying trans* patients) at their agencies. RESULTS Only 5% reported use of gender inclusive forms, 44% did not know about inclusive forms, 37% did not understand what a gender inclusive form was and 14% confused gender with sexual orientation. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated a critical need for education in gender identity and sexual orientation terminology. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The lack of understanding of concepts and terminology may affect basic care of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender patients especially those who identify as transgender.
Liquid junction quantum dot solar cells based on ZnO nanowires arrays

Liquid junction solar cells sensitized with quantum dots are promising structures as low cost and high efficiency photovoltaic devices. However, the reported short circuit current and open circuit voltage is lower than the theoretical values. The performance of these cells can be improved by the use of defect-free photoelectrodes and absorbing materials. In this work, hydrothermally grown zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs), CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), a polysulfide solution and a copper film were used as the photoelectrode, light absorber, hole scavenger, and counter electrode respectively to form a NW-based QD sensitized solar cell. The structural characteristics of the grown NWs and QD sensitized NW architectures were studied. Current-voltage (J-V) characteristic of the fabricated device was also investigated. Photoluminescence (PLLiquid junction solar cells sensitized with quantum dots are promising structures as low cost and high efficiency photovoltaic devices. However, the reported short circuit current and open circuit voltage is lower than the theoretical values. The performance of these cells can be improved by the use of defect-free photoelectrodes and absorbing materials. In this work, hydrothermally grown zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs), CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), a polysulfide solution and a cupper film were used as the photoelectrode, light absorber, hole scavenger, and counter electrode respectively to form a NW-based QD sensitized solar cell. The structural characteristics of the grown NWs and QD sensitized NW architectures were studied. Current-voltage (J-V) characteristic of the fabricated device was also investigated. Photoluminescence (PL) study on NW/QD and QD/electrolyte architectures provided evidence on carrier transfer from the light absorbing centers to the electron and hole conducting media. ) study on NW/QD and QD/electrolyte architectures provided evidence on carrier transfer from the light absorbing centers to the electron and hole conducting media.
Cultural and Educational Careers: The Dynamics of Social Reproduction

Using data from the Surveys of Public Participation in the Arts conducted in 1982, 1985 and 1992, the authors analyze the relationship between cultural careers and educational careers. Drawing on ideas of cultural reproduction (Bourdieu) and cultural mobility (DiMaggio), they formulate two competing sets of hypotheses regarding the importance of high brow cultural capital at different ages on the likelihood of making particular educational transitions. They find that cultural capital plays a strong role in determining school success. The effects of parental cultural capital, cultural participation before age 12 and cultural participation between ages 12 to 17 and 18 to 24 are largely independent and have enduring effects across the educational career. All cultural effects decline over the course of the educational career. The context of participation is significant - cultural participation in school has less of an effect on educational success than does participation elsewhere. Generally, they find stronger support for the cultural mobility model, although social reproduction still governs the most important educational transition - entering college
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT OVERWASH MODELS IN SIMULATING TIDAL ANOMALIES IN LAKE CONJOLA , NSW , AUSTRALIA

Lake Conjola in Southern, New South Wales, Australia experienced a significant flooding event around 9th April 2006 (Figure 2). We explain how the raised water level in the lake was caused by waves with large height and very long period pumping water into the lagoon across a berm separating the lagoon from the ocean. The simulation considering lake system as two nodes in series is carried out using different overwash discharge Qoverformulae viz, the wave pumping model (Nielsen, 2001; Callaghan, 2006; Thuy et al, 2011), the swash model of Baldock (2007, 2010) and the empirical overtopping models (Van der Meer & Janssen, 1995; Hedges & Reis, 1998; Pullen et al, 2007). The results show that the wave pump model provides the lowest overwash flow rate while the group of three empirical models similarly gives highest discharge. The simulated water levels using different overwash models show that the group of empirical models overestimates the water level. The wave pump model and the swash model are comparable and give good agreement with measured water levels. The wave pump model best performs with matching measured tidal range and lowest RMSE.
Al-Qaeda messaging evolution and positioning, 1998–2008: Propaganda analysis revisited

We present an analysis of terrorist propaganda using Al-Qaeda (AQ) between 1998 and 2008 as a case study using semiotic and propaganda analytic approaches. Our findings suggest AQ position themselves using a variety of propaganda techniques, especially on the notion of a global conspiracy, an existential threat, against Islam. Their key contribution to the evolution of conflict has been to emancipate the political marketing/public relations component and, thus, to redefine the essence of conflict. AQ design sophisticated propaganda, use segmented message design and have improved their production values over time. They have also crudely attempted to influence Western European and US elections. The authors conclude that AQ’s positioning strategy is based on framing a death-centred militant worldview as its precise opposite, a pious life of struggle with rewards in the afterlife. This article makes descriptive and methodological contributions to the interdisciplinary literature on propaganda. It makes a contribution by explaining how AQ’s positioning strategy evolved between 1998 and 2008, an analysis which will be of particular interest to those who seek to understand the wider societal applications of terrorist use of propaganda and who seek to counter its effects. It makes a further methodological contribution by providing an integrated method by which to evaluate propaganda, using a combination of semiotic, content and propaganda analysis approaches.
``Struggling with life'': Narratives from women with signs of postpartum depression

Aim: The aim of this study was to explore and describe how Swedish women with signs of postpartum depression two months postpartum experience the first months with their child. Method: A grounded theory approach was chosen. Twenty-two women who showed signs of depression, i.e. scored 10 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), were interviewed at an average of 80 days after the delivery. Results: The new mothers were struggling with life related to the self, the child, and the partner. They expressed feelings of loss of who they are, felt overwhelmed by the responsibility for the child, and were struggling with feelings of abandonment, worries, and breastfeeding problems. They often felt like ``bad mothers'' but they never blamed the child. Most mothers were reluctant to speak about their feelings and they assigned their depressed mood to personal weakness rather than illness. In relationship to the partner the mothers were struggling to keep their equality in the new situation and to get him involved in childcare. Conclusions: The findings suggest that depressed feelings postpartum may be explained in terms of losses and changes. However, postpartum depressive symptoms remain hidden and it is important to understand the complexity of postpartum depressive mood, described here as struggling with life related to three different dimensions: the self, the child, and the partner.