Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of a second GTP-bound magnesium ion in archaeal initiation factor 2

Eukaryotic and archaeal translation initiation processes involve a heterotrimeric GTPase e/aIF2 crucial for accuracy of start codon selection. In eukaryotes, the GTPase activity of eIF2 is assisted by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP), eIF5. In archaea, orthologs of eIF5 are not found and aIF2 GTPase activity is thought to be non-assisted. However, no in vitro GTPase activity of the archaeal factor has been reported to date. Here, we show that aIF2 significantly hydrolyses GTP in vitro. Within aIF2γ, H97, corresponding to the catalytic histidine found in other translational GTPases, and D19, from the GKT loop, both participate in this activity. Several high-resolution crystal structures were determined to get insight into GTP hydrolysis by aIF2γ. In particular, a crystal structure of the H97A mutant was obtained in the presence of non-hydrolyzed GTP. This structure reveals the presence of a second magnesium ion bound to GTP and D19. Quantum chemical/molecular mechanical simulations support the idea that the second magnesium ion may assist GTP hydrolysis by helping to neutralize the developing negative charge in the transition state. These results are discussed in light of the absence of an identified GAP in archaea to assist GTP hydrolysis on aIF2.
HMRF-based distributed fault detection for wireless sensor networks

In the practical applications of wireless sensor networks, it is almost inevitable that some sensors become faulty during running. The faulty measurement values will cause a burden to the limited energy of sensor networks. Furthermore, wrong judgement might be deduced because of the faulty data when they reach base station. Therefore, proper fault detection especially for long-term large-scale systems is crucial and challenging. Motivated by the requirement of practical applications, we propose a distributed fault detection approach for wireless senor networks. Firstly, Hidden Markov Random Field (HMRF) model is introduced to characterize the correlations between measurement values and real values of sensor nodes. Then, an errors-in-variables estimation method is presented to obtain the parameters in the HMRF model. Finally, a distributed fault detection algorithm is proposed based on the HMRF model. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed HMRF-based fault detection achieves considerable high detection accuracy and low false alarm rate simultaneously.
The Burden of History in the Family Business Organization

In this article we focus on the study of history through the use of narratives, within the context of the prevalent form of organization worldwide: the family business. Specifically we consider the dilemma of the impossible gift of succession using Nietzsche’s discussion of the burden of history and paralleling the story of a family business succession with that of Shakespeare’s King Lear. This way, we seek to make a contribution to organizational studies by answering recent calls to engage more with history in studies of business organizations. By implication, the study also initiates an integration of family business studies into organization studies.
NLP Support for Faceted Navigation in Scholarly Collection

Hierarchical faceted metadata is a proven and popular approach to organizing information for navigation of information collections. More recently, digital libraries have begun to adopt faceted navigation for collections of scholarly holdings. A key impediment to further adoption is the need for the creation of subject-oriented faceted metadata. The Castanet algorithm was developed for the purpose of (semi) automated creation of such structures. This paper describes the application of Castanet to journal title content, and presents an evaluation suggesting its efficacy. This is followed by a discussion of areas for future work.
Understanding and Managing Intergenerational Conflict: An Examination of Influences and Strategies

Popular press and academic research articles commonly suggest that intergenerational differences in the workplace are a potential source of conflict. However, there has been little effort to examine the nature, causes, and reactions to such conflict empirically. We address this gap through a qualitative study of 2 generationally diverse samples. Our findings reveal tensions arising among generations (values-based, behavior-based, and identity-based) based on perceived differences and strategies used by generation members to manage them (achievement-oriented, image-oriented, and ego-oriented). In addition, we explore contextual factors (societal and work-related) that our samples mentioned as influencing their intergenerational perceptions. We present an emergent model that illustrates the dynamic interplay that occurs as perceived generational differences emerge and are addressed tactically. Our study contributes to the literature at the intersection of generations, diversity, and conflict through offering grounded propositions for future research, as well as practical implications.
Investing for the Long Run When Returns are Predictable

We examine how the evidence of predictability in asset returns affects optimal portfolio choice for investors with long horizons. Particular attention is paid to estimation risk, or uncertainty about the true values of model parameters. We find that even after incorporating parameter uncertainty, there is enough predictability in returns to make investors allocate substantially more to stocks, the longer their horizon. Moreover, the weak statistical significance of the evidence for predictability makes it important to take estimation risk into account; a long-horizon investor who ignores it may overallocate to stocks by a sizeable amount.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Heat Wave-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among the Public in the Licheng District of Jinan City, China

Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) are three key components for reducing the adverse health impacts of heat waves. However, research in eastern China regarding this is scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the heat wave-related KAP of a population in Licheng in northeast China. This cross-sectional study included 2241 participants. Data regarding demographic characteristics, KAP, and heat illnesses were collected using a structured questionnaire. Univariate analysis and unconditional logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Most residents had high KAP scores, with a mean score of 12.23 (standard deviation = 2.23) on a 17-point scale. Urban women and participants aged 35–44 years had relatively high total scores, and those with high education levels had the highest total score. There was an increased risk of heat-related illness among those with knowledge scores of 3–5 on an 8-point scale with mean score of 5.40 (standard deviation = 1.45). Having a positive attitude toward sunstroke prevention and engaging in more preventive practices to avoid heat exposure had a protective interaction effect on reducing the prevalence of heat-related illnesses. Although the KAP scores were relatively high, knowledge and practice were lacking to some extent. Therefore, governments should further develop risk-awareness strategies that increase awareness and knowledge regarding the adverse health impact of heat and help in planning response strategies to improve the ability of individuals to cope with heat waves.
Instructional Design as Knowledge Management

Decisions about instructional methods are becoming more complex, with options ranging from problem sets to experiential service-learning projects. However, instructors not trained in instructional design may make these important decisions based on convenience, comfort, or trends. Instead, this article draws on the knowledge management literature and specifically the knowledge-in-practice framework to develop a theoretical process for choosing instructional methods. This process classifies the underlying knowledge structure of learning objectives along the dimensions of tacitness and learnability, then matches the knowledge structure with instructional methods that will be the most appropriate fit for students working toward that learning objective. We propose that the integration of knowledge management with instructional design offers valuable insights into the process of choosing appropriate instructional methods, and our framework can help instructors determine which instructional methods are the best match for their learning objectives.
Risk Factors for Cryptogenic and Idiopathic Partial Epilepsy: A Community-Based Case-Control Study in Copparo, Italy

Objectives: The etiology of epilepsy remains unknown in most cases. We sought to investigate the role of some pre-, peri- and postnatal factors in the etiology of idiopathic and cryptogenetic partial epilepsy. Methods: We carried out a community-based case-control study using the incidence cohort of epileptic patients living in the district of Copparo, in the province of Ferrara, Italy. The study was performed in 55 cases and 165 controls. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information in face-to-face interviews. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that a personal history of febrile convulsions [odds ratio (OR) = 4.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.3–19.1] and a family history of seizures in first-degree relatives (OR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.8–18.6) were independent risk factors for the condition under study. We failed to demonstrate an association between partial epilepsy and previously suggested perinatal risk factors. Conclusion: The findings of this study further support the hypothesis of a genetic propensity for seizures, which may be expressed early by the occurrence of febrile convulsions.
A Bill of Rights for Hospitalized Older Adults

Acute-care hospitals have few structures, programs, or staff prepared to address the special needs of older adults. To address this issue, the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing [including the Nurses Improving Care for Hospitalized Elders (NICHE) program] and the Coalition of Geriatric Nursing Organizations proposed language for a Bill of Rights for Hospitalized Older Adults. The Bill of Rights moves from general value statements to the specific knowledge, skills, and actions necessary to provide quality of care to older adults. The authors describe the development and testing of the Bill of Rights and suggest steps for its adoption and dissemination.
Consultations in Molecular Diagnostics Bone Marrow Transplant Engraftment Analysis with Loss of an Informative Allele

Engraftment analysis requires oneor more informative STR loci that distinguish recipi-ent from donor. The following case illustrates thatchromosome loss in tumor cells during the course ofdisease may cause corresponding loss of an STR locus.This circumstance is a potential source of error in theinterpretation of engraftment analysis, especially ifonly one informative allele is used to monitor engraft-ment.
Oncotargets and Therapy Dovepress Clinical Outcome of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Purpose: Primary small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare malignant disease. It accounts for less than 1% of all urinary bladder carcinomas. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical features, the treatment modalities, and the overall survival of these patients. We also compare the clinical outcomes between patients of bladder small cell carcinoma (SCC) and bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC). Materials and methods: We reviewed the charts of patients with bladder tumors from January 1995 to December 2012 in the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. A total of 2421 malignant bladder tumor patients were reviewed and there were 18 patients who were diagnosed with primary bladder SCC. survival conditions were all recorded. We also compared the clinical outcomes and the overall survival rates between patients with bladder SCC and those with UC. Results: Bladder SCC accounted for about 0.74% of all bladder malignancies in our institution. The mean age at diagnosis was 70.67 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1. Thirteen patients had a history of cigarette smoking. All patients presented with symptoms of gross hema-turia, and three of them had bladder tamponade requiring blood clot evacuation by cystoscopy. Only one patient had T1 disease, ten patients had stage III disease, and seven patients had lymph node or distant metastasis (stage IV disease). The mean tumor size was 4.29 cm in diameter. For the majority (61.11%) of patients, SCC coexisted with UC components. The average survival time was 10.92 months. Patients with bladder SCC had worse overall survival rates than those of stage III and stage IV bladder UC. Performing radical cystectomy does not significantly improve their overall survival rates. None of the clinicopathologic parameters, including the presence of coexisting nonsmall cell carcinoma component (P = 0.831), receiving radical cys-tectomy (P = 0.194), distant metastasis (P = 0.062), and gender (P = 0.564), were significantly associated with survival. Conclusion: SCC of the urinary bladder is a rare condition, and standard treatment outlines have not been well established. Most of the presented cases have a very poor prognosis. Prospective, multi-institutional, randomized studies are required to assess better treatment modalities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest reported case analysis of primary bladder SCC in a Taiwanese population.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) 2014 INFORMATION PRIVACY CONCERNS AMONG NOVICE AND EXPERT USERS OF SOLOMO

SoLoMo (Social-Local-Mobile) services are becoming dominant to the huge population of semiliterate users living in emerging economies due to low costs and ubiquity. However, usage of SoLoMo services is still susceptible by information privacy concerns. Studies typically addressed the ways to mitigate information privacy concerns for the literate users and not the semi-literate users. To fill the gap of semi-literate users and have a better understanding of the information privacy concerns among different communities, this study draws upon theories of privacy calculus, familiarity, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and protection motivation to identify the precursors of information privacy concerns related to SoLoMo services and users’ expertise. The proposed research model is empirically tested in a laboratory experiment. The findings show that the two channels (covert and overt) of delivering SoLoMo services affect the degree of information privacy concerns between the literate and semi-literate users. Implications for improving usage intentions and mitigating information privacy concerns for SoLoMo services for different types of mobile applications are discussed.
Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Brushite from First Principles

Brushite, CaHPO4·2H2O, is a crystalline hydrated acidic form of calcium phosphate that occurs in both physiological and pathological biomineralization processes. Additionally, it is biocompatible in humans. Several groups have investigated the experimental Fourier transform infrared vibrational spectrum of brushite. These investigations have led to a long-standing debate concerning the correct assignment for a few of the observed frequencies, particularly, the water stretching and libration modes. Here, we perform a comprehensive first principles theoretical investigation of the vibrational spectrum of brushite with calculations based on dispersion-corrected density functional theory. We obtain both the vibrational frequencies, using the frozen phonon approach, and their corresponding peak intensities, based on the Born effective charge tensor. This allows for an unambiguous assignment of all vibrations, including water vibration and libration modes.
Buddhism and society: A great tradition and its Burmese vicissitudes

The current Western interest in Buddhism and other Eastern religions is - among other reasons - both the result of and the stimulation for an entire library of books purporting to bring the Wisdom of the East to an audience for whom the wisdom of the West has failed. This book is not an example of that genre. It is an attempt to interpret Buddhism in the light of some current theories about religion. As a work of scholarship, rather than a homiletic tract or an apologetic treatise, its aim is to understand Buddhism as one historical variant of the generic human attempt to find meaning and hope in a sacred order that transcends the mundane order of existence; its aim is not to encourage or discourage either a devotional or a soteriological interest in Buddhism.
Neural Mechanisms of Social Evaluative Threat

Neural Mechanisms of Social Evaluative Threat Julie Spicer Though the scientific study of stress is relatively new, not even one hundred years old, there has been robust inquiry and discovery in stress research since its instantiation. Yet, many unanswered questions remain on how specific stressors impact the mind, brain and body. Social threat is a pervasive form of stress for species that are organized in social hierarchies, like humans and some animals. Social evaluative threat (SET), occurring when there is potential for negative evaluation or rejection from others, is a pervasive and important form of stress in humans having many links to stress-related physiological outcomes which in turn have important implications for health outcomes. The brain is a critical component in the mind-brain-body-health connection, but less is known about SET at the neural level. Here in this thesis, there are three studies that characterize the neural circuitry that responds to SET. Using a novel imaging technique, arterial spin labeling, Study 1 asks whether SET-related brain circuitry is modulated by a SET-related trait level vulnerability, Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE). Overall, Study 1 replicated previous work by showing SET-related reactivity in the left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and medial periaqueductal gray and extended previous work by showing that changes in the left vMPFC and the right thalamus were predicted by FNE. Using blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging (BOLD), Study 2 asks whether SET influences the brain circuitry on which the formation of relational episodic memory relies. With the use of mediation analysis, it was found that SET impaired relational episodic memory, and that the impairment was a function of activity in the right parahippocampal cortex and bilateral vMPFC. Using BOLD imaging, Study 3 asks whether SET influences the brain circuitry that subserves working memory (WM). With the use of mediation analysis, it was found that SET impaired WM, and that the impairment was a function of activity in bilateral intraparietal sulcus. Links between mind, brain, body and health are discussed throughout this work.
A Multimethod Examination of the Dynamics of Recidivism During Reentry

ABSTRACT Research on prisoner reentry has indicated that the transition to the community can be a tumultuous process. Despite this growing understanding, research has continued to operationalize recidivism as a terminal event in the reentry experience, categorizing returning prisoners as recidivists and nonrecidivists. Using detailed mixed methods with a small cohort of parolees, this inquiry documents the dynamic nature, timing, and context of recidivism as it occurs during reentry. The analyses suggest that treating initial recidivism events as if they were terminal to reentry has the potential to miss information about subsequent reentry processes and outcomes. Comparing multiple recidivism measures with supervision outcomes suggests that simple categories of recidivists and nonrecidivists may not be informative for the purposes of reentry research.
An Approach to Proactive Risk Classification

A narrow approach to risk analysis and understanding the scope of a software project has contributed to significant software failures. Using expanded risk analysis with enlarged the project scope considered by software developers. This paper proposes a new model for the proactive risk management based on using the apriori algorithm for generating association rules. The Model is discussed, the possibilities of building such model and the outcome is also discussed.
Insights into the Chloramphenicol Inhibition Effect on Peptidyl Transferase Activity, Using Two New Analogs of the Drug

Chloramphenicol (CAM) inhibits peptide bond formation by binding to the 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes and interfering competitively with the binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA 3'- terminus to ribosomal A-site. Further studies have demonstrated that CAM (I) reacts rapidly with a model initiator ribosomal complex (poly(U)-programmed ribosomes from Escherichia coli, bearing AcPhe-tRNA at the P-site), complex C, to form an encounter complex CI which is then isomerized slowly to a tighter complex, C ￻ I. Herein, we show by time-resolved footprinting analysis that CAM produces a footprint in CI complex, comprising nucleotides A2451, G2505, and U2506, all exhibiting reduced reactivity against base-specific modifying agents. When C ￻ I complex is footprinted, the reactivities of G2505 and U2506 are almost restored, while protection is observed at A2062 and altered reactivity at A2058 and A2059. Our results suggest that CAM initially binds to a hydrophobic crevice composed of nucleotides located adjacently to the A-site (CI complex). Soon after, CAM shifts slowly to a final position, in which the interaction between the p-nitrobenzyl group of CAM and the base of A2451 is conserved, while the dichloroacetyl group reorientates toward A2062. Analogous behavior is observed, if CAM is modified by replacement of dichloroacetyl group with � -alanyl. However, insertion at this position of a bulkier group, such as phenylalanyl-phenylalanyl group, sterically prevents CAM accommodation to its initial binding site and favors its direct fitting into the final binding pocket. Our data correlate well with recent crystallographic results regarding CAM binding on Thermus thermophilus and E. coli ribosomes.
Tuberculosis in the belly: a review of forty-six cases involving the gastrointestinal tract and peritoneum.

BACKGROUND Abdominal tuberculosis has varied presentation and can be confused with other conditions. METHODS We report our experience with 46 patients. Charts of patients managed during 1984-97 were reviewed. RESULTS Fifty-two percent were women and mean age was 46 years. Presenting symptoms were as follows: fever 70%; abdominal pain 70%; weight loss 68%; abdominal swelling 67%; change in bowel habit 39%; anorexia 30%; and sweating 30%. Common physical signs were as follows: fever 73%; ascites 61%; abdominal mass 13%; and doughy abdomen 9%. Thirty percent of patients either gave past history of TB or presented with active TB of other sites. TB skin test was positive in only 27% of patients. CT scans of abdomen were abnormal in 80%, showing ascites, peritoneal lesions or enlarged nodes. Ascitic fluid was diagnostic for TB on smear/culture in 33%. Peritoneal biopsy was performed by laparoscopy or laparotomy in 61%. It was positive for ganulomas in 97% and for smear/culture in 68%. Forty-two patients recovered after receiving anti-TB therapy for 9-12 months. Four patients died. One died within 1 month of initiation of therapy due to extensive TB, and death in the other 3 was due to unrelated causes. CONCLUSION Abdominal TB should be suspected in patients with fever, abdominal pain and ascites. This condition carries good prognosis if promptly diagnosed and treated.