Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of disease severity in parkinsonism with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose and PET.

UNLABELLED Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and PET have been used to identify an abnormal regional metabolic covariance pattern in Parkinson's disease (PD). To examine the potential use of this covariance pattern as a metabolic imaging marker for PD, we describe the Topographic Profile Rating (TPR), which is a method for calculating subject scores for this pattern in individual PD patients. We then assess the relationship between these metabolic measures and objective independent disease severity ratings. METHODS Two independent groups of PD patients were studied with FDG-PET. Group A consisted of 23 patients (mean age 60.2 +/- 12.2; mean Hoehn and Yahr stages 2.4 +/- 1.3) and Group B had 14 patients (mean age 49.0 +/- 12.1; mean Hoehn and Yahr stage 3.2 +/- 1.2). The regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRGlc) in all patients in each group were measured. TPR was used to calculate subject scores for the disease-related covariance pattern on a patient-by-patient basis. RESULTS In both PD patient groups, subject scores correlated with Hoehn and Yahr disease severity ratings (Group A: r = 0.59, p < 0.004; Group B: 0.57, p < 0.04), quantitative ratings for bradykinesia (Group A: r = 0.63, p < 0.002; Group B: r = 0.61, p < 0.03), rigidity (Group A: r = 0.59, p < 0.004; Group B: r = 0.59, p < 0.04), but not with tremor. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that regional metabolic covariance patterns are robust imaging markers of disease severity. FDG-PET may be useful clinically in assessing parkinsonian disability and disease progression.
An Evaluation of Dental Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Needs Among Eunuchs (Trans Genders) Residing in Bhopal City, Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Eunuchs are considered as the most vulnerable, frustrated, and insecure community. The accessibility to medical and dental facilities for the eunuchs is nearly nonexistent. Due to these reasons, they might be at a high risk of developing severe dental problems like tooth loss. Aim: The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the dental prosthetic status and prosthetic needs among eunuchs residing in Bhopal city, Madhya Pradesh, India. Subjects and Methods: On the basis of convenient nonprobability snowball sampling technique, all the self-identified eunuchs residing in the city of Bhopal along with a matched control consisting of cross section of the general population residing in the same locality was examined to evaluate the prosthetic status and prosthetic needs of the population. All the obtained data were entered into a personal computer on Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed using the software; Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Data comparison was done by applying Chi-square test. Results: A total of 639 subjects comprised of 207 eunuchs, 218 males and 214 females. Among all participants, 2.8% (18/639) were having prosthesis. The overall prosthetic status among males was 3.2% (7/218) followed by 2.9% (6/207) eunuchs and 2.3% (5/214) females. However, need for multi-unit and combination of one and more unit prosthesis for upper and lower jaws was higher in males compared to females and eunuchs, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings of this study clearly demonstrate a high unmet need for prosthetic care among the population surveyed.
Storing OWL Ontologies in SQL Relational Databases

— Relational databases are often used as a basis for persistent storage of ontologies to facilitate rapid operations such as search and retrieval, and to utilize the benefits of relational databases management systems such as transaction management, security and integrity control. On the other hand, there appear more and more OWL files that contain ontologies. Therefore, this paper proposes to extract ontologies from OWL files and then store them in relational databases. A prerequisite for this storing is transformation of ontologies to relational databases, which is the purpose of this paper.
Relationship between public attitudes toward genomic studies related to medicine and their level of genomic literacy in Japan

The aim of this study was to assess public attitudes toward the promotion of genomic studies related to medicine and to examine the relationship between public attitudes and the level of genomic literacy by analyzing data from a nationwide opinion survey. The participants comprised 4,000 people (age, 20–69) selected from the Japanese general population by using the two‐step stratified random sampling method. They were queried on the following topics in a mail survey: (1) pros and cons of the promotion of genomic studies related to medicine, (2) level of scientific literacy in genomics, (3) demographic and socioeconomic background, and (4) knowledge and attitudes toward science in general and genetic testing in particular. We examined the relationship between the approval of promotion and literacy level, using logistic regression models stratified by gender. Our results showed the response rate was 54.3% (2,171/4,000), and 69.4% participants favored the promotion of genomic studies related to medicine. Only 1.3% participants expressed a negative attitude. Multivariate analysis revealed that approval of promotion was related to a high literacy score. This relationship was stronger in males than in females (the highest quartile of score vs. the lowest: adjusted odds ratio, 3.36 for males and 1.86 for females; 95% confidence interval, 1.88–5.98 for males and 1.17–2.95 for females). We determined that a majority of the Japanese participants currently approved of the promotion of genomic studies related to medicine and that people with a high level of genomic literacy tended to approve the promotion. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of species, breed, and age on bacterial load in bovine and bubaline semen

Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of species, breed and age on bacterial load in fresh and frozen semen of Cattle and Buffalo bull. Materials and Methods: Present study covered 56 cow and 10 buffalo bulls stationed at Central Semen Station Anjora, Durg (Chhattisgarh). Impact of breeds on bacterial load in semen was assessed using six breeds of cattle viz. Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar, Jersey and Holstein Friesian (HF) cross. Cow bulls were categorized into four different groups based on their age (<4 years, 4-5 years, 5-6 years and > 6 years) to study variation among age groups. Bacterial load was measured in fresh and frozen semen samples from these bulls using the standard plate count (SPC) method and count was expressed as colony forming unit (CFU) per ml of semen. Results: Higher bacterial load was reported in fresh (2.36 × 104 ± 1943 CFU/ml) and frozen (1.00 × 10 ± 90 CFU/ml) semen of cow bulls as compared to buffalo bulls (1.95 × 104 ± 2882 and 7.75 × 102 ± 160 CFU/ml in fresh and frozen semen, respectively). Jersey bull showed significantly higher bacterial count (p < 0.05) both in fresh (4.07 × 104 ± 13927 CFU/ml) and frozen (1.92 × 103 ± 178 CFU/ml) semen followed by HF cross, Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi and Tharparkar bull. Bulls aged < 4 years and more than 6 years yielded increased bacterial load in their semen. Although a minor variation was reported between species and among age groups, no significant differences were measured. Conclusion: Bacterial load in semen did not differ significantly between species and age groups; however significant variation was reported among different breeds. Bulls of Jersey breed showed significantly higher bacterial load in semen as compared to the crossbred and indigenous bull.
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report.

Originally described by Van Meekeren in 1682, this condition was further clarified by Ehlers in 1901, and Danlos in 1908 (Smith; 1976). More than 100 cases have been described in literature; this is probably the first reported case in Pakistan. Other syndsomes of this condition are Cutis Hyperelastica, India-Rubber Man, and Derma-torrhexis. This is a generalised disorder of connective tissue which primarily affects skin and ligaments, but other parts of the body may also become, involved. The defects are the result of single defective gene. McKusick (1966) in an exhaustive review, described various clinical types of the syndrome with distinctive clinical, genetic and biochemical features. The classical syndrome has been found to have the following features: (1) Skin manifestations: Velvety, hyperelastic and fragile skin with poor wound healing. There are "cigarette paper" scars called molluscoid pseudotumour, over knees and shin in older children. The skin bruises easily. Minor traumas are likely to produce gaping "Fish mouth" wounds which hold sutures poorly. Friable tissues create difficulties at operation. (2) Joints and Skeletal Defects: Extreme laxity of joints leads to genu recurvatum, habitual dislocation of various joints, flat feet and kyphoscoliosis. Other skeletal defects include small stature, down sloping, ribs and talepes equinovarus. (3) Internal Defects: Diaphragmatic hernia, diverticuli of gastro-intestinal and respiratory tract, spontaneous pneumothorax, dissecting aneurysm of the aorta. (4) Eye Defects: Myopia, microcornea, kera-tocornea, glaucoma, retinal detachment. (5) Facial features: Narrow maxilla, wide nasal bridge. (6) Biochemical changes: Some patients have collagen with an abnormally low hydroxylys ine content. Measurement of activity of the enzyme lysyol-proto hydroxylase in cultured fibroblasts, in some patients, revealed approximately l/8th of normal value. In others the enzyme procollagen peptidase has been found to be defective. The biochemical defects are not universal and it seems that the underlying basic defect varies from patient to patient, which would explain various clinical types and modes of inheritance.
Sistema estatal de indicadores de la educación 2000

Primera publicacion del Sistema estatal de indicadores de la educacion; consta de 29 indicadores educativos que reflejan en los anos 1995, 1996 y 1997 el contexto en el que se desarrollaba la educacion, los recursos aplicados, la participacion en la misma a traves de la escolarizacion, los procesos educativos que se daban en los centros y los resultados educativos obtenidos
OCD as a Dynamical Disease and the Familial Context of Ritual Rigidity: A Nonlinear Dynamics Perspective

OCD AS A DYNAMICAL DISEASE AND THE FAMILIAL CONTEXT OF RITUAL RIGIDITY: A NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PERSPECTIVE Robert W. Bond, Jr., B.S., M.S. Marquette University, 2011 Comparatively few studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have addressed the interpersonal dynamical patterns within families that could exacerbate or quell symptom severity in the ill relatives or hypothesize other roles for familial variables. Furthermore, the extant studies have relied primarily upon linear models. Methodological limitations of linear models, such as assuming that change occurs as the result of unidirectional influences and that the scores obtained for each variable are independent of each other are at variance with temporal, dynamic phenomena and have restricted the empirical investigations of the dynamics of OCD. The current study investigated whether OCD could be considered a dynamical disease such that the complex rhythmic processes that are the norm for living things would be replaced by relatively constant dynamics or by periodic dynamics. Determining whether OCD could be a dynamical disease could improve our current treatment strategies or lead to the development of new treatment strategies, by finding ways to best control or alter the dynamics of the family system and determining when the best time for change could take place. To accomplish this, this study analyzed both the occurrence of rituals as they transpired over time and the influence the family may have had upon the spatiotemporal structure of symptoms. This information was obtained by using the time-diary method and comparing the time-series of 17 clinical cases with 16 matched controls. Comparisons of nonlinear regression parameters and Lyapunov exponents revealed that OCD exhibited a lowdimensional deterministic structure. The average nonlinear model (R 2 = 0.32) explained more than 10 times the variance of its linear counterpart (R 2 = 0.03). Family reactions and emotional responses accounted for only a very modest increase in the variance explained by the nonlinear regression model or in the amount of turbulence. Family reactions and emotional responses do little to make the rituals go away, but instead may strengthen the dynamics. Finally, significant rank order correlations were found between the R 2 for each logbook and Lyapunov exponents with symptom severity and family reactions. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed, including implications for treatment.
The Effect of 17β-Estradiol on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Protein-Malnourished Ovariectomized Female Mouse Model

Cutaneous wound healing is delayed by protein malnutrition (PM). On the other hand, estrogen promotes cutaneous wound healing by its anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that estrogen administration in protein-malnourished ovariectomized (OVX) female mice might improve the inflammatory response and promote cutaneous wound healing as well as normal nutrition. To test this hypothesis, we used full-thickness excisional wounds in Control SHAM, PM SHAM, PM OVX and PM OVX+17β-estradiol mice. The Control diet included 200 g/kg protein and the PM diet included 30 g/kg protein. The ratio of wound area in the Control SHAM group was significantly smaller than those in the three PM groups. In addition, microscopic findings also showed that the ratio of collagen fibers, the ratio of myofibroblasts and the number of new blood vessels in the Control SHAM group were significantly greater than those in the three PM groups. However, the number of Ym1-positive cells as an anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophage marker in the PM OVX+17β-estradiol group was significantly higher than those in the other three groups. These results indicate that the appearance of anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages was promoted by estrogen administration; however, it could not promote cutaneous wound healing upon a low-protein diet. Therefore, it may be confirmed that nutrition is more important for promoting cutaneous wound healing than estrogen administration.
Priority-based offline wavelength assignment in OBS networks

Optical burst switching (OBS) is a promising technique for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks. In practice, wavelength converters (WCs) are either absent or only sparsely deployed in WDM networks due to economic and technical limitations. Thus, wavelength assignment is expected to be an important component of OBS networks. In this paper, an offline wavelength assignment scheme in OBS networks without wavelength conversion capability is proposed. The key idea of the scheme is to decide the wavelength searching order of each traffic connection at edge nodes according to the wavelength priorities determined by the calculated burst loss probabilities on different wavelengths. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme can reduce the network-wide burst loss probability significantly compared with other schemes. It is also illustrated that the performance of the proposed scheme can be further enhanced by a larger number of wavelengths per link and a reasonable delay bound at edge nodes.
Growth rate dependence of Sr incorporation during calcification of Emiliania huxleyi

Reconstructing the dissolved carbon dioxide of surface waters from the δ13C of organic carbon relies on accurate determination of the growth rate of phytoplankton contributing to sedimentary organic matter. We demonstrate that the Sr/Ca ratio in the coccoliths of Emiliania huxleyi is correlated with the rates of both organic carbon fixation and calcification. An investigation of biomineralization models suggests that these three factors may be linked by the differential pumping rates of calcium relative to strontium ions across the cellular membranes which supply ions for photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification and derives energy from photosynthetic products. A quantitative relationship is derived between calcification, organic carbon fixation, and Sr/Ca such that a combined geochemical proxy approach using εp and Sr/Ca can be applied to the paleoceanographic record.
Nutrient content and acceptability of soybean based complementary food

Cereal gruels, starchy roots and tubers continue to form the bulk of staple foods in the world. Though commercial foods of high quality are available, they are unaffordable by much of the world’s population. There is need to develop a different approach to offer families the opportunity to feed their infants improved formulations with traditional staples. A study was carried out in Morogoro region, Tanzania, to determine composition and acceptability of soy-based formulations with banana and cowpeas as traditional staples. Bananas, soybean and cowpeas were prepared and used to make composite flour. Soybean were roasted and milled. Fourteen composite flour formulations were prepared by combining the raw materials in different ratios. Chemical analyses of individual formulations were made to determine their proximate compositions. The ranges of the nutrients in the formulations were: 9.58 to 22.23% (crude protein), 0.14 to 4.56% (fibre), 1.15 to 5.51% (fat) and 67.61 to 81.91% (carbohydrate). Blending banana with cowpea alone, addition of 10 to 20% cowpeas in the formulations improved the protein from 9.58 to 13.74%, respectively, but was still lower than the level recommended by Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) and CODEX Alimentarius. Introduction of 10% soybean instead of cowpeas resulted in improvement of the protein to 17.87%, which was above the recommended level, indicating its superiority as a protein source. Such a level of protein in the formulation was quite encouraging even if there were variations in protein content of soybeans used in the formulations. There were significant differences (p consuming communities, increased consumption of soybean could improve the nutritional status of their children.
Doppler estimation of left ventricular filling pressure in sinus tachycardia. A new application of tissue doppler imaging.

BACKGROUND Doppler echocardiography is frequently used to predict filling pressures in normal sinus rhythm, but it is unknown whether it can be applied in sinus tachycardia, with merging of E and A velocities. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) can record the mitral annular velocity. The early diastolic velocity (Ea) behaves as a relative load-independent index of left ventricular relaxation, which corrects the influence of relaxation on the transmitral E velocity. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated 100 patients 64+/-12 years old with simultaneous Doppler and invasive hemodynamics. Mitral inflow was classified into 3 patterns: complete merging of E and A velocities (pattern A), discernible velocities with A dominance (B), or E dominance (C). The Doppler data were analyzed at the mitral valve tips for E, acceleration and deceleration times of E, and isovolumic relaxation time. In patterns B and C, the A velocity, E/A ratio, and atrial filling fraction were derived. Pulmonary venous flow velocities were also measured, and TDI was used to acquire Ea and Aa. Weak significant relations were observed between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and sole parameters of mitral flow, pulmonary venous flow, and annular measurements. These were better for patterns A and C. E/Ea ratio had the strongest relation to PCWP [r=0.86, PCWP=1.55+1.47(E/Ea)], irrespective of the pattern and ejection fraction. This equation was tested prospectively in 20 patients with sinus tachycardia. A strong relation was observed between catheter and Doppler PCWP (r=0.91), with a mean difference of 0.4+/-2.8 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS The ratio of transmitral E velocity to Ea can be used to estimate PCWP with reasonable accuracy in sinus tachycardia, even with complete merging of E and A velocities.
Unifying Characterization of Max-Min Fairness in Wireless Networks by Graphs

We propose a unifying framework for max-min fairness in orthogonal networks and networks with interference. First, a universal formulation of the max-min fairness problem for orthogonal networks and networks with interference is presented. This shows that orthogonal networks and networks with interference can be universally described by a graph, induced by time sharing of resources and interference coupling, respectively. As a consequence, a unifying graph-related characterization of performance achieved under max-min fairness is obtained.
Dependent Indian Buffet Processes

Latent variable models represent hidden structure in observational data. To account for the distribution of the observational data changing over time, space or some other covariate, we need generalizations of latent variable models that explicitly capture this dependency on the covariate. A variety of such generalizations has been proposed for latent variable models based on the Dirichlet process. We address dependency on covariates in binary latent feature models, by introducing a dependent Indian buffet process. The model generates, for each value of the covariate, a binary random matrix with an unbounded number of columns. Evolution of the binary matrices over the covariate set is controlled by a hierarchical Gaussian process model. The choice of covariance functions controls the dependence structure and exchangeability properties of the model. We derive a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm for Bayesian inference, and provide experiments on both synthetic and real-world data. The experimental results show that explicit modeling of dependencies significantly improves accuracy of predictions.
Penile skin flap: a versatile substitute for anterior urethral stricture

ABSTRACT Purpose Penile skin flap uretroplasty is a useful technique for a long urethral stricture due to the ample length and surgical handling characteristics. We investigated the surgical technique and initial results of uretroplasty for anterior urethral strictures using a dorsal penile skin flap. Patients and methods From January 2003 to January 2018, a total of 77 patients underwent substitution urethroplasty using dorsal penile skin flap for bulbar urethral strictures in our institution. All patients were assessed preoperatively, and followed postoperatively by physical examination, urinalysis, retrograde and voiding urethrography, uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine measurement. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. Results The mean age was 45 years (10-87). The mean stricture length was 5cm (3-10cm). The mean flap length was 6cm. Urinary fistula was the most common postoperative complication. The mean follow-up was 60 months (6-120). The overall success rate was 88%. Recurrent strictures were found in 4 patients (5%) at 1 year. At 3 year follow-up, 5 (7%) more patients had recurrences. All recurrences were managed by internal urethrotomy. Conclusions Substitution urethroplasty using penile skin flap appear to be a safe and efficient technique for the treatment of a long and complex anterior urethral stricture. It provides encouraging cosmetic and functional results.