Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parasites may exit immunocompromised northern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca leonina) infected with SIVmac239

Parasites can increase infection rates and pathogenicity in immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. However, in vitro studies and epidemiological investigations also suggest that parasites might escape immunocompromised hosts during HIV infection. Due to the lack of direct evidence from animal experiments, the effects of parasitic infections on immunocompromised hosts remain unclear. Here, we detected 14 different parasites in six northern pig-tailed macaques (NPMs) before or at the 50th week of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection by ELISA. The NPMs all carried parasites before viral injection. At the 50th week after viral injection, the individuals with negative results in parasitic detection (i.e., 08247 and 08287) were characterized as the Parasites Exit (PE) group, with the other individuals (i.e., 09203, 09211, 10205, and 10225) characterized as the Parasites Remain (PR) group. Compared with the PR group, the NPMs in the PE group showed higher viral loads, lower CD4+ T cells counts, and lower CD4/CD8 rates. Additionally, the PE group had higher immune activation and immune exhaustion of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Pathological observation showed greater injury to the liver, cecum, colon, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes in the PE group. This study showed more seriously compromised immunity in the PE group, strongly indicating that parasites might exit an immunocompromised host.
Findings of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Sitting and Exacerbations Trial (COPD-SEAT) in Reducing Sedentary Time Using Wearable and Mobile Technologies With Educational Support: Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial

Background Targeting sedentary time post exacerbation may be more relevant than targeting structured exercise for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Focusing interventions on sitting less and moving more after an exacerbation may act as a stepping stone to increase uptake to pulmonary rehabilitation. Objective The aim of this paper was to conduct a randomized trial examining trial feasibility and the acceptability of an education and self-monitoring intervention using wearable technology to reduce sedentary behavior for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to hospital for an acute exacerbation. Methods Participants were recruited and randomized in hospital into 3 groups, with the intervention lasting 2 weeks post discharge. The Education group received verbal and written information about reducing their time in sedentary behavior, sitting face-to-face with a study researcher. The Education+Feedback group received the same education component along with real-time feedback on their sitting time, stand-ups, and steps at home through a waist-worn inclinometer linked to an app. Patients were shown how to use the technology by the same study researcher. The inclinometer also provided vibration prompts to encourage movement at patient-defined intervals of time. Patients and health care professionals involved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation care were interviewed to investigate trial feasibility and acceptability of trial design and methods. Main quantitative outcomes of trial feasibility were eligibility, uptake, and retention, and for acceptability, were behavioral responses to the vibration prompts. Results In total, 111 patients were approached with 33 patients recruited (11 Control, 10 Education, and 12 Education+Feedback). Retention at 2-week follow-up was 52% (17/33; n=6 for Control, n=3 for Education, and n=8 for Education+Feedback). No study-related adverse events occurred. Collectively, patients responded to 106 out of 325 vibration prompts from the waist-worn inclinometer (32.62%). Within 5 min of the prompt, 41% of responses occurred, with patients standing for a mean 1.4 (SD 0.8) min and walking for 0.4 (SD 0.3) min (21, SD 11, steps). Interviews indicated that being unwell and overwhelmed after an exacerbation was the main reason for not engaging with the intervention. Health care staff considered reducing sedentary behavior potentially attractive for patients but suggested starting the intervention as an inpatient. Conclusions Although the data support that it was feasible to conduct the trial, modifications are needed to improve participant retention. The intervention was acceptable to most patients and health care professionals. Trial Registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 13790881; http://www.isrctn. com/ISRCTN13790881 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xmnRGjFf)
Discovery of two embedded clusters with WISE in the high Galactic latitude cloud HRK 81.4−77.8

Molecular clouds at very high latitude (b > 60 ◦ ) away from the Galactic plane are rare and in general are expected to be non-star-forming. However, we report the discovery of two embedded clusters (Camargo 438 and Camargo 439) within the highlatitude molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 using WISE. Camargo 439 with Galactic coordinates l = 81.11 ◦ and b = 77.84 ◦ is an � 2 Myr embedded cluster (EC) located at a distance from the Sun of d⊙ = 5.09±0.47 kpc. Adopting the distance of the Sun to the Galactic centre R⊙ = 7.2 kpc we derive for Camargo 439 a Galactocentric distance of RGC = 8.70±0.26 kpc and a vertical distance from the plane of 4.97±0.46 kpc. Camargo 438 at l = 79.66 ◦ and b = 78.86 ◦ presents similar values. The derived parameters for these two ECs put HRK 81.4-77.8 in the halo at a distance from the Galactic centre of � 8.7 kpc and � 5.0 kpc from the disc. Star clusters provide the only direct means to determine the high latitude molecular cloud distances. The present study shows that the molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 is currently forming stars, apparently an unprecedented event detected so far among high latitude clouds. We carried out a preliminary orbit analysis. It shows that this ECs are the most distant known embedded clusters from the plane and both cloud and clusters are probably falling ballistically from the halo onto the Galactic disc, or performing a flyby.
Visualization of the ribbon synapse using Ribeye a-mCherry fusion protein

by MEGAN C. WEST Specialized presynaptic matrices known as ribbon synapses are found in sensory cells of the visual, auditory, and vestibular systems of vertebrates. Hair cells of the auditory system and the vestibular system rely on ribbon synapses to transmit signals to the brain. Due to the lack of tools to visualize the ribbon synapse, studying the ribbon has been challenging. We designed the construct, Tg(pvalb3b:ribeye a-mCherry), which allows for visualization of ribbon synapses in the hair cells of live or fixed zebrafish. We show that the Ribeye a-mCherry fusion protein expressed from this construct localizes to appropriate areas using immunolabeling and live animal imaging. These results demonstrate that Tg(pvalb3b:ribeye a-mCherry) is an effective tool to label ribbons. We utilize this tool to characterize mutant zebrafish and to investigate ribbon dynamics. Our results show that Ribeye a-mCherry has the ability to be used in mutant zebrafish and in fluorescent recovery after photobleaching experiments.
Robust Design Method for the SSDC of a DFIG Based on the Practical Small-Signal Stability Region Considering Multiple Uncertainties

Wind power delivery systems with series capacitive compensation installations suffer from the risk of sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO). However, uncertainties of wind farms, which have a non-negligible impact on SSO modes, may reduce the robustness of the sub-synchronous damping controller (SSDC). To solve this problem, we propose a robust design method for the SSDC based on the practical small-signal stability region (PSSSR). First, the PSSSR, with a boundary consisting of critical damping instead of Hopf bifurcations, is defined to ensure that every operating point in the stability region meets the damping requirements of power system operators. The impact of multiple uncertainties on SSO is studied, and the results show that the rotor speed and active and reactive power output of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) have a strong impact on the SSO. Furthermore, to improve the performance and robustness of the SSDC, an optimization model is constructed by assigning a maximum-security operation margin to the DFIG considering multiple uncertainties based on the PSSSR. Based on this model, a genetic algorithm is applied to obtain the optimal SSDC parameters. Finally, case studies verify that the designed SSDC exhibits high robustness under a wide range of operating conditions.
AFLP-based genetic diversity of wild orchardgrass germplasm collections from Central Asia and Western China, and the relation to environmental factors

Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass) is an important perennial forage species in temperate areas of the world. It is usually used for silage, grazing and hay because of its high nutritional value and reproducibility. Central Asia, Xinjiang and Tibetan Plateau in China possess various special micro-environments that harbor many valuable resources, while different degrees of degradation of the grassland ecosystem occurred due to climatic changing and human activities. Investigating the genetic diversity of wild D. glomerat could provide basis for collection, protection, and utilization of some excellent germplasm resources. Totally 210 individuals from 14 populations—five from Xinjiang, two from Kangding (Tibetan Plateau), and seven from Central Asia were identified using AFLP technology. The average values of Nei’s genetic diversity (Hj) and Shannon information index (Ho) were 0.383 and 0.394 respectively. UPGMA tree, STRUCTURE analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed populations from same region clustered together. AMOVA revealed 35.10% of the genetic differentiation (Fst) occurred among populations. Gene flow (Nm) was limited among all populations. Genetic diversity of D. glomerata was high but limited under isolation-by-distance pattern, resulting in high genetic differentiation and low gene flow among populations. Adjacent regions also exhibited similar results because of the barriers of high mountains. The environmental factors, such as precipitation, elevation, latitude and longitude also had some impacts on genetic diversity and structure pattern of populations.
Recent developments in d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-succinate-based nanomedicine for cancer therapy

Abstract Cancer remains an obstacle to be surmounted by humans. As an FDA-approved biocompatible drug excipient, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) has been widely applied in drug delivery system (DDS). Along with in-depth analyses of TPGS-based DDS, increasingly attractive results have revealed that TPGS is able to act not only as a simple drug carrier but also as an assistant molecule with various bio-functions to improve anticancer efficacy. In this review, recent advances in TPGS-based DDS are summarized. TPGS can inhibit P-glycoprotein, enhance drug absorption, induce mitochondrial-associated apoptosis or other apoptotic pathways, promote drug penetration and tumor accumulation, and even inhibit tumor metastasis. As a result, many formulations, by using original TPGS, TPGS-drug conjugates or TPGS copolymers, were prepared, and as expected, an enhanced therapeutic effect was achieved in different tumor models, especially in multidrug resistant and metastatic tumors. Although the mechanisms by which TPGS participates in such functions are not yet very clear, considering its effectiveness in tumor treatment, TPGS-based DDS appears to be one of the best candidates for future clinical applications.
Design for forgetting: disposing of digital possessions after a breakup

People are increasingly acquiring huge collections of digital possessions. Despite some pleas for 'forgetting', most theorists argue for retaining all these possessions to enhance 'total recall' of our everyday lives. However, there has been little exploration of the negative role of digital possessions when people want to forget aspects of their lives. We report on interviews with 24 people about their possessions after a romantic breakup. We found that digital possessions were often evocative and upsetting in this context, leading to distinct disposal strategies with different outcomes. We advance theory by finding strong evidence for the value of intentional forgetting and provide new data about complex practices associated with the disposal of digital possessions. Our findings led to a number of design implications to help people better manage this process, including automatic harvesting of digital possessions, tools for self-control, artifact crafting as sense-making, and digital spaces for shared possessions.
Commercial rodent diets differentially regulate autoimmune glomerulonephritis, epigenetics and microbiota in MRL/lpr mice

The course and severity of lupus in spontaneous murine lupus models varies among laboratories, which may be due to variations in diet, housing and/or local environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated the influence of common rodent diets while keeping other factors constant. Female lupus-prone MRL/lpr (MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J) mice were subjected to the same housing conditions and given one of the three diets: Teklad 7013 containing isoflavone-rich soy and alfalfa, Harlan 2018 isoflavone-rich soy-based diet or Research Diets Inc. D11112226 (RD) purified-ingredients diet containing casein and no phytoestrogens. While the total caloric intake was similar among all three treatment groups, mice fed on the 2018 diet developed higher levels of proteinuria and mice fed on either 7013 or 2018 developed higher levels of glomerular immune complex deposition. Remarkably, mice fed the RD diet had markedly decreased proteinuria with diminished C3, total IgG, IgG1 and IgG3 immune complex deposition, along with reduced CD11b+ cellular infiltration into the glomeruli. The type of diet intake also influenced cytokine production, fecal microbiota (increased Lachnospiraceae in mice fed on 2018), altered microRNAs (miRNAs; higher levels of lupus-associated miR-148a and miR-183 in mice fed on 7013 and/or 2018) and altered DNA methylation. This is the first study to comprehensively compare the cellular, molecular and epigenetic effects of these commercial diets in murine lupus.
Coil-Stretch Transition and the Break Down of Continuum Models

The breakdown of finite element (FEM) computations for the flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid around a cylinder confined between parallel plates, at Weissenberg numbers Wi = O(1), is shown to arise due to a coil-stretch transition experienced by polymer molecules traveling along the centerline in the wake of the cylinder. With increasing Wi, the coil-stretch transition leads to an unbounded growth in the stress maximum in the cylinder wake. Finite element computations for a FENE-P fluid reveal that, although polymer molecules undergo a coil-stretch transition in the cylinder wake, the mean extension of the molecules saturates to a value close to the fully extended length, leading to bounded stresses with increasing Wi. The existence of a coil-stretch transition has been deduced by examining the behavior of ultra-dilute Oldroyd-B and FENE-P fluids. In this case, the solution along the centerline in the cylinder wake can be obtained exactly since the velocity field is uncoupled from the stress and conformation tensor fields. Estimation of the number of finite elements required to achieve convergence reveals the in-feasibility of obtaining solutions for the Oldroyd-B model for Wi > 1.
Core-Current-Enhanced Domain-Wall Pinning in Nanocrystalline Fe Cu Nb Si B Ribbon

We have studied the influence of surface fields (generated by either direct or alternating core current) on soft magnetic properties of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe Cu Nb Si B ribbon. While in an amorphous ribbon the coercive field decreases with , in the same optimally annealed ribbon ( A/m, ) increases with for all the explored types of (static and dynamic with different phases with respect to that of the magnetizing field ). The unexpected increase of in nanocrystalline ribbon is associated with the influence of on the surface and main (inner) domain structure. Here, we develop a model that takes into account this influence and explains the experimental results.
Contact Resistance of Anisotropic Conductive Adhesives

We analyze the electrical resistance of an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) sandwiched between two conducting plates as a function of applied load by extending a published model of Shi et al [1]. In this analysis we also calculate the plate separation as a function of applied pressure when a collection of particles are trapped between two plates. The case of conducting particles with a general size distribution shows two new important results: (a) we find that the resistance of a bond or a contact is independent of the number of conducting particles under the contact pad when the particle size distribution is Gaussian, which is very much in contrast to the case of uniform sized particles; (b) also, only a very small fraction of conducting particles participate in the electrical conduction of ACF products where the actual particle size distribution can be described as a Gaussian. We show that the experimental data supports the validity of this analysis. While this analysis confirms some of our basic notio.
1 Assessing Advances in the Assimilation of Radar Data within a Collaborative Forecasting-Research Environment

The impact of radar-data assimilation in real-time, convection-allowing model forecasts was evaluated during the spring seasons of 2008 and 2009 as part of Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) Spring Experiment activities. Preliminary results suggest that an early prototype version of a CONUS-scale assimilation system had a positive impact on model forecasts, especially when organized convective activity was ongoing at the initial time. Daily interrogation of output by teams of modelers, forecasters, and verification experts provided additional insight into the value-added characteristics of the radar-assimilation forecasts. This evaluation revealed that the positive effect of the assimilation was greatest during the first 3-6 h of each forecast, appeared to be most pronounced with larger convective systems, and may have been related to a phase lag that sometimes developed when the convective-scale information was not assimilated. These preliminary results are currently being evaluated further using advanced objective verification techniques.
Direct loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for on-site detection of Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major human pathogen that may produce a variety of toxins and cause staphylococcal food poisoning. In the present study, a direct loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated to detect S. aureus in food samples. Without prior cultural enrichment and DNA extraction steps, bacterial DNA was released by heating at 100°C for 5 min and directly subjected to LAMP assay. Using a set of LAMP primers recognizing six distinct regions of nuc gene, the developed direct LAMP assay was highly specific, and the analytical sensitivity was determined to be 7.6 × 102 CFU/mL. Moreover, with the pre‐mixed LAMP reagents stored at ‐20°C, the entire assay should be finished within 40 min. These features greatly simplified the operating procedure and made the direct LAMP a powerful tool for rapid and on‐site detection of S. aureus in food samples.
Anger Expression and Sleep Quality in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Findings From the Heart and Soul Study

Objective: To evaluate if anger expression affects sleep quality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Research has indicated that poor sleep quality independently predicts adverse outcomes in patients with CHD. Risk factors for poor sleep quality include older age, socioeconomic factors, medical comorbidities, lack of exercise, and depression. Methods: We sought to examine the association of anger expression with sleep quality in 1020 outpatients with CHD from the Heart and Soul Study. We assessed anger-in, anger-out, and anger temperament, using the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2, and measured sleep quality, using items from the Cardiovascular Health Study and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used multivariate analysis of variance to examine the association between anger expression and sleep quality, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results: Each standard deviation (SD) increase in anger-in was associated with an 80% greater odds of poor sleep quality (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.6–2.1; p < . 0001). This association remained strong after adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, medications, cardiac function, depressive symptoms, anger-out, and anger temperament (adjusted OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.5–1.7; p = .001). In the same model, each SD increase in anger-out was associated with a 21% decreased odds of poor sleep quality (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64–0.98; p = .03). Anger temperament was not independently associated with sleep quality. Conclusions: Anger suppression is associated with poor sleep quality in patients with CHD. Whether modifying anger expression can improve sleep quality or reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality deserves further study. BMI = body mass index; CHD = coronary heart disease; DSM-IV-TR = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Text Revision; MI = myocardial infarction; REM = rapid eye movement; STAXI-2 = Spielberger State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2; BP = blood pressure; HR = heart rate; SD = standard deviation; ANOVA = analysis of variance; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
CRISTA-NF measurements during the AMMA-SCOUT-O3 aircraft campaign

Abstract. The Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere – New Frontiers (CRISTA-NF) instrument participated in the AMMA-SCOUT-O3 measurement campaign in July and August 2006. The instrument is mounted on the high-flying Russian research aircraft M55-Geophysica and measures limb-emissions in the mid-infrared region in the tangent altitude range of about 6 to 21 km. We present a new retrieval setup which is based on 9 integrated spectral windows allowing to retrieve an extended set of trace gases and temperature fields with high vertical resolution (up to 500 m). Retrieval results are shown for temperature, water vapor (H2O), ozone (O3), nitric acid (HNO3), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and aerosol extinction. Comparisons of temperature, O3, and H2O observations with corresponding in situ measurements on-board M55-Geophysica show reasonable agreement. In particular, CRISTA-NF observations in the vicinity of the aircraft resemble horizontal variations found in the in situ measurements better than corresponding ECMWF fields.