Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible Involvement of Standardized Bacopa monniera Extract (CDRI-08) in Epigenetic Regulation of reelin and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor to Enhance Memory

Bacopa monniera extract (CDRI-08; BME) has been known to improve learning and memory, and understanding the molecular mechanisms may help to know its specificity. We investigated whether the BME treatment alters the methylation status of reelin and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) to enhance the memory through the interaction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) with synaptic proteins. Rat pups were subjected to novel object recognition test following daily oral administration of BME (80 mg/kg) in 0.5% gum acacia (per-orally, p.o.; PND 15–29)/three doses of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC; 3.2 mg/kg) in 0.9% saline (intraperitoneally, i.p.) on PND-30. After the behavioral test, methylation status of reelin, BDNF and activation of NMDAR, and its interactions with synaptic proteins were tested. Rat pups treated with BME/5-azaC showed higher discrimination towards novel objects than with old objects during testing. Further, we observed an elevated level of unmethylated DNA in reelin and BDNF promoter region. Up-regulated reelin along with the splice variant of apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER 2, ex 19) form a cluster and activate NMDAR through disabled adopter protein-1 (DAB1) to enhance BDNF. Observed results suggest that BME regulate reelin epigenetically, which might enhance NMDAR interactions with synaptic proteins and induction of BDNF. These changes may be linked with improved novel object recognition memory.
Combating anonymousness in populous CS1 and CS2 courses

One of the causes for unsatisfactory results in first year programming courses, as we have observed, is anonymousness: individual students mostly follow the course without recognition from their peers and their teachers, and this often discourages them. Therefore, increasing the visibility of what happens in the classroom and in the labs, as well as helping the students to know who their colleagues are and how they are performing can be very helpful. We recommend three complementary educational strategies which include video recording the classes and making the recordings available on the Internet to help students to review the lectures, using a web-based learning management system to foster the communication between teachers and students and among students, and increasing the visibility of student work by adopting an automatic grading system for lab assignments which can in parallel be used for self-assessment purposes.
SMSE precoder design in a multiuser MISO system with limited feedback

We design an end-to-end linear transceiver in the downlink of a multi-user (MU) multiple input single output (MISO) system with quantized channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). The design minimizes the sum mean squared error (SMSE) under a sum power constraint. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, unlike previous approaches, we quantize the channels using mean squared inner product (MSIP) vector quantization (VQ) and derive an SMSE-based algorithm that considers MSIP quantization error as an integral component of the whole system. This decreases the bit error rate (BER) at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and outperforms previously derived MU MISO linear transceivers that exist in the limited feedback literature. Second, we show analytically why the BER, in the high SNR regime, increases if quantization error is not considered.
Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction secondary to hypovolemia in a German Shepard dog with splenic hemangiosarcoma

Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (DLVOTO) is a common condition in cats and humans. In this case report, a dog is described with DLVOTO secondary to severe intra-abdominal hemorrhage caused by a hemangiosarcoma. The dog was a 9-year-old, 35.7-kg, spayed female German Shepard dog that presented with a history of tachypnea and collapse. A Levine II/VI systolic murmur was present at the heart base. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a splenic mass and a large amount of ascites. Echocardiography showed a reduced left ventricular diameter and an increased aortic velocity caused by systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve apparatus. The heart murmur and the SAM were resolved after treatment including a splenectomy and a blood transfusion.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Some Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

The worldwide increase of multidrug resistance in both community- and health-care associated bacterial infections has impaired the current antimicrobial therapy, warranting the search for other alternatives. We aimed to find the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of 16 different traditionally used medicinal plants of Nepal against 13 clinical and 2 reference bacterial species using microbroth dilution method. The evaluated plants species were found to exert a range of in vitro growth inhibitory action against the tested bacterial species, and Cynodon dactylon was found to exhibit moderate inhibitory action against 13 bacterial species including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi, and S. typhimurium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of tested ethanolic extracts were found from 31 to >25,000 μg/mL. Notably, ethanolic extracts of Cinnamomum camphora, Curculigo orchioides, and Curcuma longa exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes with a MIC of 49, 49, and 195 μg/mL, respectively; whereas chloroform fraction of Cynodon dactylon exhibited best antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a MIC of 31 μg/mL. Among all, C. dactylon, C. camphora, C. orchioides, and C. longa plant extracts displayed a potential antibacterial activity of MIC < 100 μg/mL.
Diffusion tensor imaging and T2 relaxometry of bilateral lumbar nerve roots: feasibility of in‐plane imaging

Lower back pain is a common problem frequently encountered without specific biomarkers that correlate well with an individual patient's pain generators. MRI quantification of diffusion and T2 relaxation properties may provide novel insight into the mechanical and inflammatory changes that occur in the lumbosacral nerve roots in patients with lower back pain. Accurate imaging of the spinal nerve roots is difficult because of their small caliber and oblique course in all three planes. Two‐dimensional in‐plane imaging of the lumbosacral nerve roots requires oblique coronal imaging with large field of view (FOV) in both dimensions, resulting in severe geometric distortions using single‐shot echo planar imaging (EPI) techniques. The present work describes initial success using a reduced‐FOV single‐shot spin‐echo EPI acquisition to obtain in‐plane diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T2 mapping of the bilateral lumbar nerve roots at the L4 level of healthy subjects, minimizing partial volume effects, breathing artifacts and geometric distortions. A significant variation in DTI and T2 mapping metrics is also reported along the course of the normal nerve root. The fractional anisotropy is statistically significantly lower in the dorsal root ganglia (0.287 ± 0.068) than in more distal regions in the spinal nerve (0.402 ± 0.040) (p < 10–5). The T2 relaxation value is statistically significantly higher in the dorsal root ganglia (78.0 ± 11.9 ms) than in more distal regions in the spinal nerve (59.5 ± 7.4 ms) (p < 10–5). The quantification of nerve root DTI and T2 properties using the proposed methodology may identify the specific site of any degenerative and inflammatory changes along the nerve roots of patients with lower back pain. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Virtual observers in a mobile surveillance system

Conventional wide-area video surveillance systems use a network of fixed cameras positioned close to locations of interest. We describe an alternative and flexible approach to wide area surveillance based on observation streams collected from mobile cameras mounted on buses. We allow a "virtual observer" to be placed anywhere within the space covered by the sensor network, and reconstruct the scene at these arbitrary points. Use of such imagery is challenging because mobile cameras have variable position and orientation, and sample a large spatial area but at low temporal resolution. Additionally, the views of any particular place are distributed across many different video streams. Addressing this problem, we present a system in which views from an arbitrary perspective can be constructed by indexing, organising, and transforming images collected from multiple streams acquired from a network of mobile cameras. Our system supports retrieval of raw images based on constraints of space, time, and geometry (eg. visibility of landmarks). It also allows the synthesis of wide-angle panoramic views in situations where the camera motion produces suitable sampling of the scene and metaphors for query and presentation that overcome the complexity of the data.
Codon based back propagation neural network approach to classify hypertension gene sequences

American Heart Association published a report on 17th December, 2014 where hypertension is narrated as one of the foremost causes of death annually related to heart diseases. So it is a vital issue to predict hypertension from gene sequence to diagnosis this disease initially. According to this prediction, we can prevent and do treatment accurately. In the field of bioinformatics, various machine learning methods like Support Vector Machine (SVM) or Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are used to analyze and classify gene sequences. The Back Propagation Neural Network is very effective to classify the hypertension gene sequence and identify the disease with 90% accuracy rate for small number of sample (80). This paper proposed a method to classify hypertension gene sequence using BPNN after extracting the features from the specified gene sequence. Frequencies of codons (nucleotide triplets) have been used to specify gene sequences. The performance of BPNN technique in training and testing phase has been analyzed for different number of samples. The accuracy of this technique increased according to the number of samples proportionally. Increase of the number of samples reduces the error rate of classification for BPNN classifier.
A randomized trial of the four most active regimens for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

Between October 1981 and June 1983, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) conducted a prospectively randomized trial (EST 1581) of the four most active chemotherapy regimens for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Four hundred eighty-six good performance status patients (PS 0 or 1; 81%) were randomized to receive cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and procarbazine (CAMP); mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin (MVP); etoposide and cisplatin (VP-P); or vindesine and cisplatin (VDA-P). All regimens were administered in the doses and schedules originally reported. Complete response (CR) plus partial response (PR) rates for the four regimens were CAMP, 17%; MVP, 31%; VP-P, 20%; and VDA-P, 25%. The response rate for MVP was significantly higher in patients with squamous and adenocarcinoma histologies, but there was no impact on median survival (overall, 24.5 weeks). The duration of response did not differ by treatment as previously suggested for VDA-P. There were 15 CRs (CAMP, one; MVP, six; VP-P, two; VDA-P, six), and 12 patients have survived more than 2 years. Toxicity was significant with 20 treatment-related deaths. CAMP was significantly less toxic than the other regimens (P less than .001). VDA-P demonstrated significantly more life-threatening (seven) and lethal (three) episodes of nephrotoxicity (P less than .001) despite an aggressive hydration program that in itself caused significant morbidity. Analysis of the toxicity data showed, however, that most of the severe toxicity occurred in the 19% of patients who were initially PS 2, suggesting that they are not appropriate candidates for trials of new agents or combinations. None of these regimens can be recommended as a standard therapy for metastatic NSCLC.
Color rendering properties of LED light sources

A laboratory human factors experiment was conducted to understand the color rendering properties of various LED-based reading lights. Human subjects rated their preference for a given scene illuminated by a test light source compared to an identical scene illuminated by a reference light source. In another experiment the same subjects viewed and rated the scenes individually when illuminated by a test light source. LED-based light sources were preferred more than halogen and incandescent light sources for overall color appearance. However, phosphor-based white LED light sources were rated poor for the appearance of human skin tones. This study shows that RGB mix white LED light sources have the best overall characteristics to be used as reading or task lights. This study has shown that CRI has no correlation to peoples' color preference. Therefore, the authors of this manuscript do not believe that CRI should be used as a target metric for color rendering properties in the development of solid-state light sources because it could negatively impact overall performance. A better metric is long overdue to quantify light source color rendering and preference properties.
Above the glass ceiling: When are women and racial/ethnic minorities promoted to CEO?

Using a dataset of all CEO transitions in Fortune 500 companies over a 15-year period, we analyze mechanisms that shape the promotion probabilities and leadership tenure of women and racial/ethnic minority CEOs. Consistent with the theory of the glass cliff, we find that occupational minorities—defined as white women and men and women of color—are more likely than white men to be promoted CEO of weakly performing firms. Though we find no significant differences in tenure length between occupational minorities and white men, we find that when firm performance declines during the tenure of occupational minority CEOs, these leaders are likely to be replaced by white men. We term this phenomenon the “savior effect. ” © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COMPARING [C ii], H i, AND CO DYNAMICS OF NEARBY GALAXIES

The H i and CO components of the interstellar medium (ISM) are usually used to derive the dynamical mass of nearby galaxies. Both components become too faint to be used as a tracer in observations of high-redshift galaxies. In those cases, the 158 μm line of atomic carbon ([C ii]) may be the only way to derive . As the distribution and kinematics of the ISM tracer affects the determination of , it is important to quantify the relative distributions of H i, CO, and [C ii]. H i and CO are well-characterized observationally, however, for [C ii] only very few measurements exist. Here we compare observations of CO, H i, and [C ii] emission of a sample of nearby galaxies, drawn from the HERACLES, THINGS, and KINGFISH surveys. We find that within R25, the average [C ii] exponential radial profile is slightly shallower than that of the CO, but much steeper than the H i distribution. This is also reflected in the integrated spectrum (“global profile”), where the [C ii] spectrum looks more like that of the CO than that of the H i. For one galaxy, a spectrally resolved comparison of integrated spectra was possible; other comparisons were limited by the intrinsic line-widths of the galaxies and the coarse velocity resolution of the [C ii] data. Using high-spectral-resolution SOFIA [C ii] data of a number of star forming regions in two nearby galaxies, we find that their [C ii] linewidths agree better with those of the CO than the H i. As the radial extent of a given ISM tracer is a key input in deriving from spatially unresolved data, we conclude that the relevant length-scale to use in determining based on [C ii] data, is that of the well-characterized CO distribution. This length scale is similar to that of the optical disk.
The role of chronic alcohol abuse in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of a history of chronic alcohol abuse on the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and in-hospital mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PATIENTS A total of 351 medical and surgical intensive care unit patients with one of seven at-risk diagnoses for the development of ARDS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The development of ARDS and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Of the 351 patients enrolled in the study, the incidence of ARDS in patients with a history of alcohol abuse was significantly higher than in patients without a history of alcohol abuse (43% vs 22%) (P < .001; relative risk [RR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.32 to 2.85). In patients with sepsis, ARDS developed in 52% of the patients with a prior history of alcohol abuse compared with only 20% in patients without a history of alcohol abuse (P < .001; RR, 2.59; 95% Cl, 1.29 to 5.12). Fifty-one percent (52/102) of the patients who developed ARDS died compared with only 14% (36/249) of patients who did not develop ARDS (P < .001). In the subset of patients who developed ARDS, the in-hospital mortality rate was 65% in patients with a prior history of alcohol abuse. This mortality rate was significantly higher (P = .003) than the mortality rate in patients without a history of alcohol abuse (36%). CONCLUSIONS A prior history of chronic alcohol abuse significantly increases the risk of developing ARDS in critically ill patients with an identified at-risk diagnosis. Our results may be useful in the earlier and more accurate identification of patients at high risk for developing ARDS.
Ocean Barrier: A Floating Intrusion Detection Ocean Sensor Networks

Ocean sensor networks have many applications ranging from oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, disasters prevention to tactical surveillance. However, due to the harsh ocean environment, it is difficult to deploy three-dimensional sensor networks underwater for sustainable monitoring tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel floating three-dimensional sensor networks for ocean monitoring and surveillance applications, which leverage nodes' restricted movement to enlarge the monitoring area. The networks are deployed on both the surface of the ocean and underwater, with many chains of nodes attached to mooring lines. Compared with deployments requiring self-adjusted nodes, our scheme is simpler and more cost-efficient, and the sustainable monitoring cost is low. We design deployment strategies, and provide in-depth mathematical analysis for network coverage. Then we derive the minimum number of sensors to achieve full surface coverage. Evaluated by simulations of a few underwater scenarios, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme is proved.
Effects of Cycling Humidity on the Performance of RFID Tags With ACA Joints

Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags with anisotropically conductive joints (ACAs) are used in different applications where the environmental conditions may impair their reliability. Thus the effects of different environmental stresses on reliability need to be investigated. The effects of high temperature and humidity may change the performance of the tags. More- over, the effects of constantly varying temperature and humidity conditions may be even more harmful. In this study, the effects of changing humidity conditions on the performance of a passive ultra high frequency (UHF) RFID tag with ACA joints were studied. The tags were tested in a humidity cycling test where humidity varied from 85%RH to 10% RH, and temperature from 85°C to 25°C. Tags with four different sets of bonding parameters were tested. Significant differences in the reliability between the tags with different bonding parameters were observed. The results were also compared with results from a corresponding constant humidity test where the humidity was 85%RH, and the temperature 85°C. The tags had different failure times, modes, and mechanisms in these two tests. Furthermore, the effects of bonding parameters on the reliability were different in these tests. According to this study, it is important to investigate the effects of changing humidity, when the reliability in different environments is investigated, but the constant humidity test cannot be replaced with the faster humidity cycling test.
Psychology : An Introduction

1. The Science of Psychology. What is Psychology? The Growth of Psychology. Human Diversity. Research Methods in Psychology. Careers in Psychology. 2. The Biological Basis of Behavior. Neurons: The Messengers. The Central Nervous System. The Peripheral Nervous System. The Endocrine System. Genes, Evolution, and Behavior. 3. Sensation and Perception. The Nature of Sensation. Vision. Hearing. The Other Senses. Perception. 4. States of Consciousness. Conscious Experiences. Sleep. Dreams. Drug-altered Consciousness. Meditation and Hypnosis. 5. Learning. Classical Conditioning. Operant Conditioning. Comparing Classical and Operant Conditioning. Cognitive Learning. 6. Memory. The Sensory Registers. Short-Term Memory. Long-Term Memory. The Biology of Memory. Forgetting. Special Topics in Memory. 7. Cognition and Language. The Building Blocks of Thought. Language, Thought, and Culture. Nonhuman Thought and Language. Problem Solving. Decision Making. 8. Intelligence and Mental Abilities. Theories of Intelligence. Intelligence Tests. What Makes a Good Test? What Determines Intelligence. Mental Abilities and Human Diversity. Extremes of Intelligence. Creativity. 9. Motivation and Emotion. Perspectives on Motivation. Hunger and Thirst. Sex. Other Motives. Emotions. Nonverbal Communication of Emotion. Gender, Culture, and Emotion. 10. Life Span Development. Methods in Developmental Psychology. Prenatal Development. The Newborn Baby. Infancy and Childhood. Adolescence. Adulthood. Late Adulthood. 11. Personality. Psychodynamic Theories. Humanistic Personality Theories. Trait Theories. Cognitive-Social Learning Theories. Personality Assessment. 12. Stress and Health Psychology. Source of Stress. Coping with Stress. Stress and Health. Staying Healthy. Extreme Stress. The Well-Adjusted Person. 13. Psychological Disorders. Perspectives on Psychological Disorders. Mood Disorders. Anxiety Disorders. Psychosomatic and Somatoform Disorders. Dissociative Disorders. Sexual Disorders. Personality Disorders. Schizophrenic Disorders. Childhood Disorders. Gender and Cultural Differences in Psychological Disorders. 14. Therapies. Insight Therapies. Behavior Therapies. Cognitive Therapies. Group Therapies. Effectiveness of Psychotherapy. Biological Treatments. Institutionalization and Its Alternatives. Gender and Cultural Differences in Treatments. 15. Social Psychology. Social Cognition. Attitudes. Social Influence. Social Action. Appendix A. Measurement and Statistical Methods. Appendix B. Industrial/Organizational Psychology. Glossary.