Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Anti-Anginal Drug Trimetazidine Reduces Neutrophil-Mediated Cardiac Reperfusion Injury

Trimetazidine has no hemodynamic/antithrombotic actions. Hence, its anti-ischemic properties have been mostly attributed to its metabolic effects. However, this issue is not completely elucidated. We investigated whether inhibition of neutrophil activation may also contribute to its cardioprotective action. We first showed that trimetazidine inhibits neutrophil activation in vitro. We subsequently tested whether trimetazidine protects postischemic hearts from neutrophil-mediated injury. Four groups of rat hearts underwent 20 minutes of global ischemia: (1) controls, reperfused with neutrophil-enriched buffer for 5 minutes, followed by 40 minutes standard perfusate; (2) hearts from rats pretreated with trimetazidine for 1 week; (3) hearts in which 10−6 M trimetazidine was added to the perfusate, starting 5 minutes before ischemia and for the initial 15 minutes of reflow; (4) hearts from pretreated rats that also received trimetazidine in the perfusate. Postischemic impairment of contractile function was significantly attenuated by trimetazidine infusion (recovery of developed pressure: 68 ± 7% versus 42 ± 9% of baseline in controls; P < 0.05). Pretreatment alone was not effective, nor did it further improve the beneficial effects of infusion. Cardiac oxygen radical production at reflow (by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy) was also reduced by trimetazidine, independently of direct scavenger effects. Thus, trimetazidine can protect postischemic hearts from neutrophil-mediated injury.
Effects of the kinetics of water potential variation on bacteria viability

The effect of the kinetics of water potential variation (Ψ) on the viability of bacteria subjected to hyperosmotic stresses in water‐glycerol solution was studied. The three bacteria used were Lactobacillus plantarum L‐73, Leuconostoc mesenteroides LM057 and Escherichia coli TG1. These strains were submitted to a final water potential of — 107.2 MPa, — 170.9 MPa and/or — 244.7 MPa. In any case the kinetics of water potential variation was found to have a great effect on the cell viability. The application of slow water potential decreases could maintain an important cell viability (about 80‐100%) with regard to the corresponding viability observed after a sudden step change for the same final water potential (15‐57%). For each strain tested, an optimal dehydration kinetics was determined which depended on the final water potential. The existence of this optimum could be explained thanks to the opposition of two actions affecting cell viability: a positive action relative to the slowness of the water potential variation and a negative action relative to the residence time of cells in a critical range of water potential.
Repression of Farnesoid X Receptor Contributes to Biliary Injuries of Liver Grafts Through Disturbing Cholangiocyte Bile Acid Transport

Biliary epithelial damage is the critical point in the development of nonanastomotic strictures, a serious biliary complication after liver transplantation (LT). Current study focuses on the roles and mechanisms of unbalanced bile acid (BA) transporting of cholangiocytes in biliary epithelial damages following LT. Using rat LT models, we observed that biliary transit time (BTT) of BA was prolonged, and the degree and duration of BTT prolongation were related to the cold ischemia time of donor liver. Moreover, prolonged BTT was correlated with bile duct injury severity. The expression of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) underwent a dramatic decrease after transplantation, and the decrease in FXR was related to cold ischemic time of donor liver. Negative correlation was observed between FXR expression and BTT. With in vitro cultured human biliary epithelial cells, it was observed that FXR expressions and DNA binding activities were repressed under hypoxic conditions. FXR repression by hypoxia mediated unparallel expressions of BA transporters and intracellular accumulation of BAs, which induced higher cell apoptosis rates and enhanced profibrotic factor expression in cholangiocytes. These findings indicated that FXR repression under ischemic/hypoxic conditions contributed to biliary epithelial damages by disturbing BA transporting of cholangiocytes after LT.
Vaccination Induces Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression in the Atlantic Salmon Eye

The aim of the study was to investigate the presence, distribution and density of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ cells in the ocular tissues of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, prior to and following vaccination. Eyes were collected 14 days prior to and at 4, 11, 25 and 39 days and 4 months subsequent to vaccination with a commercial fish vaccine. A quantitative analysis was performed in sections on the number of immunopositive cells in the retinal layers. In all groups, MHC class II+ cells were detected in the area of the limbus but not in the central parts of the cornea. In the uvea, immunopositive cells were present in unvaccinated and vaccinated fish. Abundant immunopositive cells were identified in the choroid rete (or choroid gland) in all groups as well as in the ventral ciliary cleft, where macrophage‐like MHC class II+ cells were seen. Quantitative histology of the retina revealed a significant increase in MHC class II+ cells in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and the inner nuclear layer (INL) 4 days following vaccination. Positive cells were detected in all layers of the retina with the exception of the photoreceptor layer.
Node-Context Network Clustering using PARAFAC Tensor Decomposition

We describe a clustering method for labeled link network (semantic graph) that can be used to group important nodes (highly connected nodes) along with their relevant link’s labels by using PARAFAC tensor decomposition. In this kind of network, the adjacency matrix can not be used to fully describe all information about the network structure. We have to expand the matrix into 3-way adjacency tensor, so that not only the information about to which nodes a node connects to but by which link’s labels is also included. And by applying PARAFAC decomposition on this tensor, we get two lists, nodes and link’s labels with scores attached to each node and labels, for each decomposition group. So clustering process to get the important nodes along with their relevant labels can be done simply by sorting the lists in decreasing order. To test the method, we construct labeled link network by using blog's dataset, where the blogs are the nodes and labeled links are the shared words among them. The similarity measures between the results and standard measures look promising, especially for two most important tasks, finding the most relevant words to blogs query and finding the most similar blogs to blogs query, about 0.87.
The Significance of Gender and Ethnicity in Collegiate Gambling and Drinking

A survey was used with 293 male and female college students to examine problem gambling and binge drinking. The results indicate that males are more likely to engage in gambling activities, experience more consequences from gambling, and meet the criteria for problem gambling compared with females. The results further indicate that white male athletes are more likely to engage in binge drinking compared with their female counterparts. We detected both similarities and differences in correlates for gambling and drinking and found a consistent theme of gender differences for alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and gambling behavior. Implications for gender-specific prevention are discussed.
MULTIPLE INTRACRANIAL MENINGIOMAS.

A 30 year right handed female presented with progressive hearing loss for three years, diffuse headache with vertigo and lancinating pain over right half of face for two years. She also developed slurring of speech and impairment of taste sensation for two months with swaying (right > left) while walking. Patient had no neurocutaneous markers on examination and there was no family history of similar illness.
Parental reactions to the pain of their child: an affective-motivational analysis

Recent research has demonstrated that parental behaviours have an important impact upon child and adolescent pain outcomes. At present, however, we do not know which parents engage in particular behaviours and why. In two studies, the impact of parental catastrophizing about their child’s pain upon parental tendency to stop their child’s pain-inducing activity was investigated. Further, the mediating role of parental distress was explored. In study one, a sample of school children (N = 62; M = 12.48 years; SD = 1.72) took part in a cold-pressor task. In study two, a clinical sample of adolescents with chronic pain (N = 36; M = 15.68 years; SD = 1.85) performed a 2-min walking task designed as a pain-inducing activity. In both studies, the accompanying parent was asked to watch their child performing the pain task. Findings revealed, for both studies, that parents with a high level of catastrophic thinking about their child’s pain experienced more distress and a greater behavioural tendency of wanting to stop their child’s paininducing activity. Further, parental feelings of distress mediated the relationship between parental catastrophic thinking and parents’ tendency to restrict their child’s activity. The findings are discussed in light of an affective-motivational conceptualization of pain and pain behaviour. Caes, L. , Vervoort, T. , Eccleston, C. , Vandenhende, M. , Goubert, L. (2011). Parental catastrophizing about child’s pain and its relationship with activity restriction: The mediating role of parental distress. Pain, 152, 212–222. 1 CHAPTER
COMPETENCE SIMILARITIES BETWEEN NATIVE AND NEAR-NATIVE SPEAKERS

It has been suggested that tense and aspect distributions are very difficult to learn in a second language (L2), they are prone to fossilize universally, and their interpretive properties are subject to a critical period (Coppieters, 1987). This study focuses on the acquisition of the semantic implications of the preterite-imperfect contrast in Spanish by English-speaking individuals of very advanced proficiency in Spanish who were not living in a Spanish-speaking country. By assuming that aspect is encoded in a functional category where the features [+/-perfective] are checked, depending on the language (Giorgi & Pianesi, 1997), this study asks whether ultimate attainment in the aspectual domain is possible and whether features of functional categories not selected in early childhood are subject to a critical period, as Hawkins and Chan's (1997) Failed Formal Features Hypothesis states. Experimental evidence from two tasks probing the interpretations of perfective and imperfective aspectual forms in Spanish suggests that many learners (almost 30%) in our total subject pool (including advanced to near-native speakers) and 70% of the near-native group performed like native speakers on all sentence types in all tasks. Although aspect is certainly a difficult area to master, particularly because the meanings of the imperfect are acquired quite late, L2 learners are clearly able to overcome the parametric options of their native language. At least for this domain, it is suggested that access to Universal Grammar does not necessarily decay with age in L2 acquisition.
An eye for an eye and the dark side of mentoring

AN EXMAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE AND NEGATIVE MENTORING by JULIA BABETTE SAUER (Under the Direction of Lillian T. Eby) ABSTRACT The objective of this dissertation is to examine the joint effect of mentor personality and justice perceptions on protégé perceptions of negative mentoring. Theories on displaced aggression and trickle-down models are employed. Results show that mentor perceptions of distributive and procedural justice do not predict protégé perceptions of distancing or manipulative behavior. Furthermore, mentor conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism do not moderate the relationships between mentor justice perceptions and protégé perceptions of negative mentoring. Multi-level modeling was employed to analyze the data.
The social influence of online collaborative community: the moderating effect of achievement

ABSTRACT Online collaborative communities become particularly influential in contemporary Internet economy. However, these communities are often characterised by limited liability. Following the perspective of social influence, this study examines the impacts of three social influence modes in online collaborative communities of a famous online game. The moderating role of a player’s game achievement is also explored. Our results show that community identification is the most influential on online game continuance intention, especially for high achievement players. Community value congruence is likely to affect online game continuance intention for low achievement players. The impact of community normative influence on online game continuance intention appears to be curvilinear. This is more obvious for low achievement players. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
Efficient Methods for Asynchronous Distributed Constraint Optimization Algorithm

Effective methods to reduce number of message cycles of adopt algorithm which is a complete algorithm for distributed constraint optimization problems are proposed. The Adopt algorithm can perform branch and bound search asynchronously. However, it has overhead in backtracking and searches same partial solution repeatedly. To reduce overhead of backtracking, lower and upper bound of cost of partial solution are considered and some messages are sent to upper nodes by shortcut. Leaning of the lower and upper bound is used to reduce extra search. The results show the efficiency of the proposed methods.
A Spanish Language and Culture Initiative for a Doctor of Pharmacy Curriculum

Objective. To implement a Spanish language and culture initiative in a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curriculum that would improve students' Spanish language skills and cultural competence so that graduates could provide competent pharmaceutical care to Spanish-speaking patients. Design. Five elective courses were created and introduced to the curriculum including 2 medical Spanish courses; a medical Spanish service-learning course; a 2-week Spanish language and cultural immersion trip to Mexico; and an advanced practice pharmacy experience (APPE) at a medical care clinic serving a high percentage of Spanish-speaking patients. Advisors placed increased emphasis on encouraging pharmacy students to complete a major or minor in Spanish. Assessment. Enrollment in the Spanish language courses and the cultural immersion trip has been strong. Twenty-three students have completed the APPE at a Spanish-speaking clinic. Eleven percent of 2010 Butler University pharmacy graduates completed a major or minor in Spanish compared to approximately 1% in 2004 when the initiative began. Conclusion. A Spanish language and culture initiative started in 2004 has resulted in increased Spanish language and cultural competence among pharmacy students and recent graduates.
Ceramic Standardization and Intensity of Production: Quantifying Degrees of Specialization

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between metric variability of ceramic vessels of a single type and intensity of production. This relationship is examined on the basis of vessels made by Indian and Spanish potters whose rates of production vary from low to high. Results are compared with Filipino data to embrace different cultures and therefore possibly different emic conceptions of standardization. We conclude that rate of production affects the degree of standardization. However, only in a high-rate production situation do we have motor habits that transcend emic conceptions of standardization. Indeed, factors like size classes, emic conception of size classes, and skill may induce a certain variability despite similar rates of production. Indexing degrees of standardization needs, in other respects, to take into account the cumulative effect of production events that play on the CV (Coefficient of Variation) values. Applied to Mesopotamian data, our results suggest that third millennium ceramic production can be compared to low-rate production observed ethnographically.
Young Children’s Self-Regulated Learning: What Does it Look Like in the Classroom?

This article argues that self-regulated learning (SRL) in the classroom is an inherently social, dynamic, and complex process and that it is crucial to discuss SRL with regard to concrete practices and with a focus on what children actually do and say in classrooms. Current theoretical views on SRL are presented and consensual as well as conflicting aspects are identified. It presents a qualitative study of SRL in first and second grade children using qualitative triangulation of observation and interview. An example from a video observation in this study shows a fine-grained view of a process of SRL. The example which is analysed in detail shows a six-year old first grade student sitting at a table with other children and working on a mathematics task over a period of 30 minutes. In the analysis it becomes evident that this boy is self-regulating continuously and that several processes of complex self-regulation go hand in hand and are interwoven in this day-to-day learning episode. Multiple goals, social goals as well as learning goals are handled and balanced. With reference to the example presented, it is argued that SRL is always social, ubiquitous, not necessarily academically effective, and at times implicit.
Lethal intimate partner violence in later life: Understanding measurements, strengths, and limitations of research

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of existing family violence literature related to elder abuse homicide, also known as “eldercide. ” The focus relates to fatal violence perpetrated by current or former intimates. Men are the most likely victims of homicide but are rarely murdered by partners. Older women are most often killed in the home by a spouse or other family, consistent with the notion of “femicide. ” The Federal Bureau of Investigation Supplemental Homicide Reports and the Bureau of Justice Statistics National Crime Victimization Survey are utilized to illustrate trends by sex over time. Intimate partner homicide-suicide is examined via news surveillance. Strengths and limitations of data and methods are addressed. Homicide trends among the members of the baby boom cohort are predicted based on current and future patterns as they age. To facilitate prevention, researchers are encouraged to move beyond simple prevalence estimates toward greater understanding of complex trends, distinctions, and motivations of these violent deaths.
The Cdc31p-binding protein Kar1p is a component of the half bridge of the yeast spindle pole body

KAR1 has been identified as an essential gene which is involved in karyogamy of mating yeast cells and in spindle pole body duplication of mitotic cells (Rose, M. D., and G. R. Fink. 1987. Cell. 48:1047-1060). We investigated the cell cycle-dependent localization of the Kar1 protein (Kar1p) and its interaction with other SPB components. Kar1p is associated with the spindle pole body during the entire cell cycle of yeast. Immunoelectron microscopic studies with anti-Kar1p antibodies or with the monoclonal antibody 12CA5 using an epitope-tagged, functional Kar1p revealed that Kar1p is associated with the half bridge or the bridge of the spindle pole body. Cdc31p, a Ca(2+)-binding protein, was previously identified as the first component of the half bridge of the spindle pole body (Spang, A., I. Courtney, U. Fackler, M. Matzner, and E. Schiebel. 1993. J. Cell Biol. 123:405-416). Using an in vitro assay we demonstrate that Cdc31p specifically interacts with a short sequence within the carboxyl terminal half of Kar1p. The potential Cdc31p- binding sequence of Kar1p contains three acidic amino acids which are not found in calmodulin-binding peptides, explaining the different substrate specificities of Cdc31p and calmodulin. Cdc31p was also able to bind to the carboxy terminus of Nuflp/Spc110p, another component of the SPB (Kilmartin, J. V., S. L. Dyos, D. Kershaw, and J. T. Finch. 1993. J. Cell Biol. 123:1175-1184). The association of Kar1p with the spindle pole body was independent of Cdc31p. Cdc31p, on the other hand, was not associated with SPBs of kar1 cells.
Numerical Data Concerning the Sensitivity of Anaerobic Bacteria to Oxygen

Upon comparison of results obtained from growing eight different species of anaerobic bacteria in deep agar under two and three atm of pure oxygen with results of growing them in air under atomospheric pressure, it appears possible that the old terms of “microaerophobic,” “very strict anaerobe,” and “microaerophilic” can be replaced by precise values corresponding to the size of the inhibition zone produced by oxygen under various pressures when the bacteria are grown in a solid medium. The simultaneous effect of the dilution of the inoculum and the pressure of oxygen used was determined with the help of an electronic computer according to the standard multiple regression method. Two indices have been worked out which express the sensitivity of the species at different oxygen pressures when varying numbers of anaerobic bacteria are used: X sp, which is the size in millimeters of the inhibition zone when 1:10 dilutions of the culture are grown under pure oxygen at atmospheric pressure (lp=0), and B sp, which is the result of multiplying by 1.43 the difference in size of inhibition zone when 1:10 dilutions of the culture are grown under atmospheric air (lp = −0.7) and under pure oxygen at 1 atm absolute.
Surgical anatomy for direct hypoglossal-facial nerve side-to-end "anastomosis".

OBJECT In this study the authors investigated the histomorphometric background and microsurgical anatomy associated with surgically created direct hypoglossal-facial nerve side-to-end communication or nerve "anastomosis. " METHODS Histomorphometric analyses of the facial and hypoglossal nerves were performed using 24 cadaveric specimens and three surgically obtained specimens of severed facial nerve. Both the hypoglossal nerve at the level of the atlas and the facial nerve just distal to the external genu were monofascicular. The number of myelinated axons in the facial nerve (7228 +/- 950) was 73.2% of those in the normal hypoglossal nerve (9778 +/- 1516). Myelinated fibers in injured facial nerves were remarkably decreased in number. The cross-sectioned area of the normal facial nerve (0.948 mm2) accounted for 61.5% of the area of the hypoglossal nerve (1.541 mm2), whereas that of the injured facial nerve (0.66 mm2) was less than 50% of the area of the hypoglossal nerve. Surgical dissection and morphometric measurements were performed using 18 sides of 11 adult cadaver heads. The length of the facial nerve from the pes anserinus to the external genu ranged from 22 to 42 mm (mean 30.5 +/- 4.4 mm). The distance from the pes anserinus to the nearest point on the hypoglossal nerve ranged from 14 to 22 mm (mean 17.3 +/- 2.5 mm). The former was always longer than the latter; the excess ranged from 6 to 20 mm (mean 13.1 +/- 3.4 mm). Surgical anatomy and procedures used to accomplish the nerve connection are described. CONCLUSIONS The size of a half-cut end of the hypoglossal nerve matches a cut end of the injured facial nerve very well. By using the technique described, a length of facial nerve sufficient to achieve a tensionless communication can consistently be obtained.