Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autism: Medical and Educational Aspects

Introduction - AUTISM AS A SYNDROME OF HYPERREALISM - Steven, Sven and the others. An apple and an orange. Mistanpitaaeniten. The hyperrealists - AUTISM AS A DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER - The significant development scales. The ven more significant stories. The special story of people with Asperger syndrome. Where is it heading? - THE MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM AND DISORDERS OF THE AUTISM SPECTRUM - Classic autism, or Kanner's syndrome. Disorders of the autism spectrum. Considerations for the differential diagnosis. A constantly recurring difficulty: the IQ. Neuropsychologcail tests. How frequently should the diagnosis be made? - THE BIOLOGIAL BASIS OF AUTISM - Autism seldom comes alone. Possible causal factors. Morphological and biochemical signs of brain dysfunction. Laying one's finger on the problem(s). A provisional synthesis. Practical conclusion: work-up required - EDUCATION AND GUIDANCE OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE MEDICAL VIEWPOINT - Above all, a need for structure. Frequent medical problems. Problems associated with specific syndromes of te autism spectrum. Medication - EDUCATION AND GUIDANCE OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM: THE MAJOR EDUCATIONAL STARTING POINTS - Herman, behavioural problems and the myth of Procrustes. jan and the limited power of abstraction. More on the level of abstraction. Maria and the language trap. The five axes of professional training and education - EDUCATION AND GUIDANCE OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM: PRACTICAL EXAMPLES - Where? When? How long? Communication. Self-help and domestic skills. Work skills and work behaviour. Leisure skills. Social skills. In conclusion - References - Epilogue.
FACILITATING SOCIAL EMOTIONAL SKILLS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

There are many difficulties associated with problematic social-emotional skills in childhood. These range from poor academic performance (Brinbaum, et al., 2003; Delany-Black et al., 2002; Wallach, 1994), school suspension (LippincottWilliams & Wilkins, 2004), school drop-out (Farmer & Farmer 1999; Gagnon, Craig, Trombley, Zhou, & Vitaro, 1995), aggression (Cicchetti & Toth, 1995), and poor peer relations (Izard et al., 2001; Schultz, Izard, & Ackerman, 2000; Schultz, Izard, Ackerman, & Youngstrom, 2001). Preschool programming provides an early opportunity to build social-emotional skills and avoid some of these adverse outcomes. The question for many school districts is how to design a preschool program format that is both consistent with best practice and fits within a feasibility framework. The goal of this research study was to provide information that could be used by school districts to guide preschool program development. The study looked at the differential outcomes on dependent measures of social-emotional functioning for children aged 3 to 5-years who participated in an 8-month preschool program (n=74). The children were in 2 treatment groups (i.e., those receiving a classroom-based social skills intervention and those receiving the classroom intervention plus a home-based intervention) and a non-treatment control group. The groups also differed in group membership. The treatment group children met a criterion such as having a diagnosis or low socio-economic status. The control group consisted of children who met these same criteria, but also had members who were invited by teachers or attended based on parent request. Therefore, the control group was more heterogeneous than either treatment group. The implications of this study for school districts developing a model for preschool programming are discussed. In addition, the limitations of this study as well as potential directions for future research are reviewed.
Functional Brain Connectivity during Emotion Regulation and Applications to Bipolar Disorder

Emotion regulation is a complex cognitive ability wherein conscious or non-conscious processes in an individual result in a change of experienced affect. The work in this dissertation involves advanced fMRI analyses to elucidate the connectivity of the neurobiological mechanisms of emotion regulation. We investigate the temporality of activation and functional connectivity in a form of explicit emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal), as well as the effective connectivity of a form of implicit emotion regulation (affect labeling). We also investigate resting state functional connectivity in a subset of the emotion regulation network. Finally, these approaches are applied to euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder, a serious psychiatric illness in which the ability to regulate emotion is a cyclical and fundamental difficulty. The aim of this work is to identify system-level biomarkers to someday assist the diagnostic process and the tracking and treatment of therapeutic interventions.
Smoothing multivariate performance measures

Optimizing multivariate performance measure is an important task in Machine Learning. Joachims (2005) introduced a Support Vector Method whose underlying optimization problem is commonly solved by cutting plane methods (CPMs) such as SVM-Perf and BMRM. It can be shown that CPMs converge to an e accurate solution in O(1/λe) iterations, where λ is the trade-off parameter between the regularizer and the loss function. Motivated by the impressive convergence rate of CPM on a number of practical problems, it was conjectured that these rates can be further improved. We disprove this conjecture in this paper by constructing counter examples. However, surprisingly, we further discover that these problems are not inherently hard, and we develop a novel smoothing strategy, which in conjunction with Nesterov's accelerated gradient method, can find an e accurate solution in O* (min{1/e, 1/√λe}) iterations. Computationally, our smoothing technique is also particularly advantageous for optimizing multivariate performance scores such as precision/recall break-even point and ROCArea; the cost per iteration remains the same as that of CPMs. Empirical evaluation on some of the largest publicly available data sets shows that our method converges significantly faster than CPMs without sacrificing generalization ability.
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to User Location Estimation in UMTS Networks

An innovative solution to user location estimation in 3G networks is presented. The proposed solution uses network information such as Cell-ID and transmitted signal strength, which are easily captured by current 3G mobile handsets, as input to a location detection algorithm which searches the whole network coverage area for the most probable point of origin. This search is performed within a software model of the radio network, which faithfully replicates the provider's live network. The algorithm was optimized through the application of a genetic algorithm to provide an estimate of the user's location in quasi real-time. Simulation results demonstrate that allowing for a 450 m error, the algorithm is capable of locating the user's position in 72% of the cases within an urban environment.
The time-course of lexical activation during sentence comprehension in people with aphasia.

PURPOSE To investigate the time-course of processing of lexical items in auditorily presented canonical (subject-verb-object) constructions in young, neurologically unimpaired control participants and participants with left-hemisphere damage and agrammatic aphasia. METHOD A cross modal picture priming (CMPP) paradigm was used to test 114 control participants and 8 participants with agrammatic aphasia for priming of a lexical item (direct object noun) immediately after it is initially encountered in the ongoing auditory stream and at 3 additional time points at 400-ms intervals. RESULTS The control participants demonstrated immediate activation of the lexical item, followed by a rapid loss (decay). The participants with aphasia demonstrated delayed activation of the lexical item. CONCLUSION This evidence supports the hypothesis of a delay in lexical activation in people with agrammatic aphasia. The delay in lexical activation feeds syntactic processing too slowly, contributing to comprehension deficits in people with agrammatic aphasia.
Public Computing, Computer Literacy and Educational Outcome: Children and Computers in Rural India

This paper reports the research findings from a national research program conducted in rural India. In this research, children were provided unconditional access to public, outdoor computer. Evaluation was conducted on the children's ability to learn to operate the computer and the effect of such playground computing on educational outcome. The results suggest that playground computers might have an important role to play in improving the outcomes of elementary education and in imparting critical life skills.
Simulated sequencing by hybridization using evolutionary programming

Sequencing of DNA is among the most important tasks in molecular biology. DNA chips are considered to be a more rapid alternative to more common gel-based methods of sequencing. Previously, we demonstrated the reconstruction of DNA sequence information from a simulated DNA chip using evolutionary programming. The research presented here extends this work by relaxing several assumptions adopted in our initial investigation. We also examine the relationship between base composition of the target sequence and the useful set of probes required to decipher the target on a DNA chip. Comments regarding the nature of the optimal ratio for the target and probe lengths are offered. Our results go further to suggest that evolutionary computation is well-suited to address the sequence reconstruction problem.
Automatic Test Pattern Generation for Interconnect Open Defects

We present a fully automated flow to generate test patterns for interconnect open defects. Both inter-layer opens (open- via defects) and arbitrary intra-layer opens can be targeted. An aggressor-victim model used in industry is employed to describe the electrical behavior of the open defect. The flow is implemented using standard commercial tools for parameter extraction (PEX) and test generation (ATPG). A highly optimized branch-and bound algorithm to determine the values to be assigned to the aggressor lines is used to reduce both the ATPG efforts and the number of aborts. The resulting test sets are smaller and achieve a higher defect coverage than stuck-at n-detection test sets, and are robust against process variations.
Role of the Natriuretic Peptide System in Normal Growth and Growth Disorders

The C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its receptor (NPR-B) are recognized as important regulators of longitudinal growth. Animal models involving CNP or NPR-B genes (Nppc or Npr2) support the fundamental role of CNP/NPR-B for endochondral ossification. Studies with these animals allow the development of potential drug therapies for dwarfism. Polymorphisms in two genes related to the CNP pathway have been implicated in height variability in healthy individuals. Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in NPR-B gene (NPR2) cause acromesomelic dysplasia type Maroteux, a skeletal dysplasia with extremely short stature. Heterozygous mutations in NPR2 are responsible for nonsyndromic familial short stature. Conversely, heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in NPR2 cause tall stature, with a variable phenotype. A phase 2 multicenter and multinational trial is being developed to evaluate a CNP analog treatment for achondroplasia. Pediatricians and endocrinologists must be aware of growth disorders related to natriuretic peptides, although there is still much to be learned about its diagnostic and therapeutic use.
Sulforaphane Absorption and Excretion Following Ingestion of a Semi-Purified Broccoli Powder Rich in Glucoraphanin and Broccoli Sprouts in Healthy Men

Sulforaphane (SF) is a chemopreventive isothiocyanate (ITC) derived from the myrosinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of glucoraphanin, a thioglucoside present in broccoli. Broccoli supplements often contain glucoraphanin but lack myrosinase, putting in question their ability to provide dietary SF. This study compared the relative absorption of SF from air-dried broccoli sprouts rich in myrosinase and a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli powder lacking myrosinase, individually and in combination. Subjects (n = 4) each consumed 4 meals consisting of dry cereal and yogurt with 2 g sprouts, 2 g powder, both, or neither. Blood and urine were analyzed for SF metabolites. The 24 h urinary SF recovery was 74%, 49%, and 19% of the dose ingested from broccoli sprouts, combination, and broccoli powder meals, respectively. Urinary and plasma ITC appearance was delayed from the broccoli powder compared to the sprouts and combination. A liver function panel indicated no toxicity from any treatment at 24 h. These data indicate a delayed appearance in plasma and urine of SF from the broccoli powder relative to SF from myrosinase-rich sprouts. Combining broccoli sprouts with the broccoli powder enhanced SF absorption from broccoli powder, offering the potential for development of foods that modify the health impact of broccoli products.
He79Br2 B, v= 8 ← X, v = 0 excitation spectrum: Ab initio prediction and spectroscopic manifestation of a linear isomer

The B←X rovibronic excitation spectrum of the HeBr2 van der Waals complex is calculated using an ab initio potential energy surface for the ground electronic state. The coupled-cluster single double triple calculations predict double-minimum topology (linear and T-shaped wells) for the X-state potential with a low isomerization barrier. The two lowest vibrational levels, assigned to T-shaped and linear isomers using the localization patterns of the corresponding wave functions, are almost degenerated and lie slightly above the isomerization barrier. This indicates that T-shaped and linear isomers can coexist even at low temperatures and give rise to two separated bands in the excitation spectrum. The main band of the B←X excitation spectrum is assigned to transitions from the T-shaped isomer, whereas the very good agreement between the observed and calculated spectrum, using the ab initio X-state potential, demonstrates that the unassigned secondary band corresponds to excitation of the linear isomer of t.
Mercaptopurine pharmacogenetics: monogenic inheritance of erythrocyte thiopurine methyltransferase activity.

Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) catalyzes thiopurine S-methylation, an important metabolic pathway for drugs such as 6-mercaptopurine. Erythrocyte (RBC) TPMT activity was measured in blood samples from 298 randomly selected subjects. Of the subjects, 88.6% were included in a subgroup with high enzyme activity (13.50 +/- 1.86 U, mean +/- SD), 11.1% were included in a subgroup with intermediate activity (7.20 +/- 1.08 U), and 0.3% had undetectable activity. This distribution conforms to Hardy-Weinberg predictions for the autosomal codominant inheritance of a pair of alleles for low and high TPMT activity, TPMT(L) and TPMT(H), with gene frequencies of . 059 and . 941, respectively. If RBC TPMT activity is inherited in an autosomal codominant fashion, then subjects homozygous for TPMT(H) would have high enzyme activity, subjects heterozygous for the two alleles would have intermediate activity, and subjects homozygous for TPMT(L) would have undetectable activity. The segregation of RBC TPMT activity among 215 first-degree relatives in 50 randomly selected families and among 35 members of two kindreds and one family selected because they included probands with undetectable RBC enzyme activity were also compatible with the autosomal codominant inheritance of RBC TPMT. For example, in eight matings between subjects with intermediate activity (presumed genotype TPMT(L)TPMT(H)) and subjects with high activity (presumed genotype TPMT(H)TPMT(H)), 47% (8/17) of the offspring had intermediate activity. This value is very similar to the 50% figure expected on the basis of autosomal codominant inheritance (chi(2) ([1]) = . 059). Further experiments are required to determine whether this genetic polymorphism for an important drug metabolizing enzyme may represent one factor in individual variations in sensitivity to thiopurines.
Understanding the discourses of partnership : an examination of one school's attempts at parent involvement

Drawn from data collected as part of a large-scale ethnography exploring home-school literacy issues, this article investigates the ideology of power inherent in many teacher discourses. Although partnership rhetoric is common in most primary schools today, our data indicate a belief amongst teachers that parents still contribute little more to their children's education than help in the classroom and with homework. Calls by government bodies to bring parents into the decision making process have often resulted in tokenistic gestures. It is apparent that some teachers are unable to recognise the vital role of parents in education and are unwilling to relinquish control in what are perceived as school matters. In this paper we discuss the findings of an examination of 'teacher talk' in school-based dialogue.
Learning to Discover Cross-Domain Relations with Generative Adversarial Networks

While humans easily recognize relations between data from different domains without any supervision, learning to automatically discover them is in general very challenging and needs many ground-truth pairs that illustrate the relations. To avoid costly pairing, we address the task of discovering cross-domain relations when given unpaired data. We propose a method based on generative adversarial networks that learns to discover relations between different domains (DiscoGAN). Using the discovered relations, our proposed network successfully transfers style from one domain to another while preserving key attributes such as orientation and face identity.
AN ACCURATE ANALYTICAL MODEL WITH A REDUCED PARAMETER SET FOR SHORT-CHANNEL MOS TRANSISTORS

A compact analytical model, based only on a few parameters, for the electrical characteristics of submicron MOS transistors to be used in analogue design is presented. Secondary effects like velocity saturation and channel length modulation are included in the model for both nMOS and pMOS devices. New parameters are proposed for the description of the velocity saturation effect. A linear approach of the dependence of the carrier velocity on the electric field is proved. A very good agreement between model and experimental data is achieved for transfer, output characteristics and transconductance measured on standard 0.18 and 0.35m nMOS and pMOS transistors.
The Determinants of Education-Job Match Among Canadian University Graduates

This study uses data from the Follow-up of Graduates Survey – Class of 2000, to look at the determinants of education-job match among Canadian university graduates. From a public policy perspective, the question of education-job match is relevant given the substantial investment society puts into its postsecondary institutions, and the role devoted to human capital in economic development. Our results indicate that one graduate out of three (35.1%) is in a job that is not closely related to his or her education. The most important result is that demographic and socioeconomic characteristics (gender and family background) do not significantly affect the match. On the other hand, education characteristics strongly influence match, with field specific programs (such as “Health sciences” and “Education”) having the highest likelihood of obtaining an education-job match. In addition, the level of education (i.e. graduates with a postgraduate degree vs. a bachelor degree), as well as good grades, strongly affect the match. Employment characteristics also affect the match, but to a mixed extent, with certain characteristics, such as industry, as well as working full-time (vs. part time) affecting the match to a strong extent, while others, such as the permanence of employment, as well as the method used to obtain employment, not having a significant effect on match.
Doing masculinity in narratives about reporting violent crime.

Reporting criminal victimization to the police is no obvious act. The decision to file a complaint varies depending on the specific situation. This article discusses some young Swedish men’s narratives about contacting the police when mugged or assaulted. Although all of them have contacted the police it has not been self-obvious. Rather, they present reasons for not filing a complaint. However, after persuasion and careful consideration they decided that contacting the police is "the right thing to do". This article analyses the young men’s accounts concerning a police contact – and how these may be part of an identity project.
Cell Type-Specific Modulation of Respiratory Chain Supercomplex Organization

Respiratory chain complexes are organized into large supercomplexes among which supercomplex In + IIIn + IVn is the only one that can directly transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen. Recently, it was reported that the formation of supercomplex In + IIIn + IVn in mice largely depends on their genetic background. However, in this study, we showed that the composition of supercomplex In + IIIn + IVn is well conserved in various mouse and human cell lines. Strikingly, we found that a minimal supercomplex In + IIIn, termed “lowest supercomplex” (LSC) in this study because of its migration at the lowest position close to complex V dimers in blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was associated with complex IV to form a supercomplex In + IIIn + IVn in some, but not all of the human and mouse cells. In addition, we observed that the 3697G>A mutation in mitochondrial-encoded NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) in one patient with Leigh’s disease specifically affected the assembly of supercomplex In + IIIn + IVn containing LSC, leading to decreased cellular respiration and ATP generation. In conclusion, we showed the existence of LSC In + IIIn + IVn and impairment of this supercomplex causes disease.
Airborne trace prediction based relay selection for cooperative communications in aircraft approach

In this paper, we study the relay selection problem for cooperative communications in aircraft approach. We propose to incorporate the airborne trace prediction scheme with the Rician fading channel model to provide a good estimation of channel condition for aircrafts with high speed mobility. Based on this model, the relay selection problem is formulated and transformed to a nonlinear integer programming (NLIP) problem, and two heuristic algorithms are proposed since this problem is NP-hard. We provide simulation results to show that the proposed scheme can guarantee the reliability of transmission with high probability.
Three cases of neonatal meningitis caused by Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered milk

Three cases of neonatal infection caused by Enterobacter sakazakii are reported from the Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, the National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland. These infections occurred during a 9-month period in 1986 and 1987. Two of the neonates, who were normal at birth, survived but were left with brain damage. The third, who had Down's syndrome and severe cardiac malformations, died. The same organism was also grown from groin and anal swabs from a healthy neonate. E. sakazakii was not isolated from any environmental sources in the neonatal wards or in the milk kitchen, but it was grown from several lots of the powdered-milk formula used in the hospital. The four E. sakazakii strains isolated from the neonates were indistinguishable from 22 strains grown from the formula. Their biotypes, plasmid DNA profiles, and antibiograms were identical.