Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Filling the vacancy: strategies used by the business schools in India

This paper aims at exploring the different strategies adopted by the private business schools to fill the soaring vacancies of the teaching staff. Qualitative methods have been used to collect the data based upon phenomenological principles. Based on the principles of phenomenology and anomie theory, it was found that the business schools use five different strategies to fill their faculty openings. These were: (i) hiring freshers, (ii) promoting existing employees, (iii) hiring experienced employees from the industry, (iv) social networking and (v) unethical methods. This study indicates that the business schools use both overt as well as covert strategies to fill the vacancies and/or show the vacancies filled to the regulatory bodies for the purpose of getting an approval (for running a management course) from them. It highlights the prevalence of corrupt practices carried out in the private business schools in filling the faculty openings.
Do men and women really shop differently? An exploration of gender differences in mall shopping in India

‘Men Buy and Women Shop’ proclaims a new Wharton Research on shopping habits of the American consumer (2007). There is found to be considerable difference in the way men and women shop in the West. Is this true across cultures? Indian retailing is generating considerable interest within the country and abroad. India has been rated as the fifth most attractive emerging retail market and was ranked first in a Global Retail Development Index of 30 developing countries drawn up by A T Kearney. Organized retail, best represented by the mushrooming malls, has come to play a defining role in building and supporting this veritable base of retail consumers. Therefore, it is of utmost interest to retailers and academia alike to understand the consumer dynamics behind the newly evolving consumption culture. This study explores mall-shopping habits in India and attempts to identify and contrast possible differences between genders using a sample of 2721 mall consumers across seven cities. While the findings suggest that in India there are significant differences in shopping behaviour that can be ascribed to gender, there are fundamental questions about stereotyping of shopping as a feminine activity. To do this, discriminant analysis has been used to study whether shopping orientation and mall-shopping attitudes can discriminate between male and female shoppers.
Radiological and clinical features of adult non-puerperal mastitis.

OBJECTIVE To describe the radiological and clinical features of adult non-puerperal mastitis and to determine the most accurate method of preventing unnecessary surgical procedures. METHODS Clinical and imaging findings were retrospectively reviewed in 51 females with non-puerperal mastitis, which was confirmed by biopsy/surgical pathology. All 51 patients had pre-operative MRI; 45 patients also had sonograms and 25 also had mammograms, pre-operatively. RESULTS Of the 51 cases with non-puerperal mastitis, 94.1% (48/51) were confirmed as having acute or chronic inflammation, and the other 3 had plasma cell mastitis; areola papillaris inflammation was found in 39.2% (20/51) of the cases. Overall, 6 of the 25 cases that were examined with mammography and 2 of the 45 cases that were examined with sonography appeared normal, but all 51 lesions were positively identified on MRI. Asymmetrical density (12/25) on mammograms and solitary or separated/contiguous, clustered, hypoechoic mass-like lesions (31/45) on ultrasound were the most common signs of non-puerperal mastitis. On enhanced MRI, 90.2% (46/51) of patients showed non-mass-like enhanced lesions. Multiple regional enhancements in the pattern of distribution (32/46) and separated or contiguous, clustered, rim-like enhancements in the pattern of internal enhancement (29/46) were the most common manifestations in non-mass-like enhanced lesions. Of the 51 patients, mastitis Type 1 and Type 2 in the time-signal intensity curve were detected in 47.1% and 51.0% of the patients, respectively. The breast imaging reporting and data system categories with the highest number of patients were Category 0 (9/25) on mammography, Category 4a on sonography (18/45) and Category 4a on MRI (29/51). CONCLUSION The findings from mammography and ultrasound are non-specific; therefore, using MR can be helpful in the diagnosis, especially in the presence of non-mass-like enhancements that are multiple, regional, separated, or contiguous, clustered and rim-like. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Mastitis is often neglected because of the lack of typical clinical signs and symptoms. This study has assessed and described the clinical features and imaging findings of adult non-puerperal mastitis on mammograms, sonograms and MRI and found that MRI is more specific in the diagnosis of disease.
Fighting down the scourge, building up the church: Organisational constraints in religious involvement with HIV/AIDS in Mozambique

Abstract Religious organisations (ROs) are often said to play an important role in mitigating the impact of HIV/AIDS. Yet, limitations of that role have also been acknowledged. While most of the literature has focused on ideological and individual-level implications of religion for HIV/AIDS, in this study we shift the focus to the organisational factors that shape and constrain ROs’ involvement in both HIV prevention and HIV/AIDS care and support. Using primarily qualitative data collected in a predominantly Christian area in southern Mozambique, we show that the organisational vitality of a RO as determined by its membership size and its relationships with other churches and with governmental and non-governmental agencies is a pervasive priority of RO leaders. Therefore, all church activities, including those related to HIV/AIDS, are instrumentalised by the religious leadership to achieve the church's organisational aims – maintaining and growing its membership, safeguarding the often precarious coexistence with other churches, and enhancing its standing vis-à-vis the government and powerful non-governmental organisations. As a result, the effectiveness of ROs’ involvement in HIV/AIDS prevention and assistance is often compromised.
Operations Management of Human Resources in the 1990s

British operations management should place greater emphasis on maintaining employee relations. Advanced manufacturing systems pose people problems as well as technical problems. People may have to be managed in a different way to maximise business advantage. Failure to manage people alongside technological development will result in poor financial results and increasing disillusionment of managers and employees with new technology. Key trends in technology, their impact on employment and their subsequent consequences for operations management are considered. New management techniques of Just‐in‐Time (JIT), Quality Circles (QC) and Operation Process Control (OPC) are discussed. The future role of operations management of human resources is discussed and indicates that there is a need to move from a control to a commitment orientation in the workplace.
Beyond the Incidence of Employer-Provided Training

Using data from a 1994 survey of U.S. establishments, the authors investigate how the incidence, content, and extent of employer-provided training were linked to workplace practices and characteristics, physical capital investments, and workers' education. Formal training programs were positively associated with establishment size, the presence of high-performance work systems (such as Total Quality Management), capital-intensive production, and workers' education level. “General” types of training programs in computing and basic education were most likely in establishments that were large, were part of a multi-establishment firm, had low employee turnover, or had high-performance work systems. The percentage of workers given training was highest in establishments that had made large investments in physical capital or had adopted new forms of work organization, especially in the manufacturing sector. These results suggest that employer-provided training complements rather than substitutes for investments in physical capital and education.
Upgrading in the Global Clothing Industry: Mavi Jeans and the Transformation of a Turkish Firm from Full-Package to Brand-Name Manufacturing and Retailing

Abstract Since 1984, Erak Clothing, a Turkish contractor, has manufactured jeans as a full-package producer for international brands, such as Calvin Klein, Guess, and Esprit. Following the creation of its own brand, Mavi Jeans, in 1991, the firm has been transforming itself into an original brand-name manufacturer and retailer. Mavi Jeans are now sold worldwide at more than 3,000 sales points, including Nordstrom, Macy’s, and Bloomingdale’s department stores, and five directly owned and operated flagship stores in Vancouver, New York, Frankfurt, Berlin, and Montreal. In this article, the authors tell the exceptional story of the firm’s transformation from a full-package manufacturer into an original brand-name manufacturer and retailer. They discuss how a peripheral manufacturing firm has managed to achieve a high value-added competitive advantage by gaining access to global networks of production, consumption, and information in the clothing industry: a buyer-driven industry in which the world’s largest retailers, branded marketers, and manufacturers without factories are the dominant players with asymmetrical influence and power. The case study supports the theoretical position that individual firms have some room for autonomous action and that power relationships have some fragility that can be exploited by firms with strategic intent.
Double Filtration Plasmapheresis in Treatment of Patients With Co‐Infection of Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency Virus

One of the main causes of mortality of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients are complications of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Combining drug therapy for HCV with double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) has significantly increased the effectiveness of treatment for these patients. However, there are no data on the use of this method for the treatment of patients co‐infected with HIV and HCV. We demonstrated that positive clinical effect in the treatment of HCV patients by DFPP (previously demonstrated) is also achieved in the treatment of HIV infected patients, co‐infected with HCV. The obtained efficiency of 62.5% is almost two times higher than the predicted treatment efficiency. We can conclude that the complex therapy of hepatitis C, including DFPP and medication by PEG‐IFN + RBV is an effective and safe approach for the treatment of HCV in patients co‐infected with HCV and HIV.
Some Evidence in Support of a Relationship between Human Auditory Signal-Detection Performance and the Phase of the Alpha Cycle

This study concerned the hypothesis presented by Lindsley in 1961 that human sensorimotor performance should vary with the phase of the alpha cycle. Although there have been a number of studies which have supported this hypothesis, there has been no work from a modality other than the visual modality. Since eye tremor is correlated in phase and frequency with the alpha rhythm, these visual results might be explained by the peripheral eye tremor and not necessarily by the central alpha rhythm. The present study measured human auditory signal-detection performance at four different phases of the temporally (T5-linked mastoids) measured alpha rhythm. These four different phases were defined on an a priori basis by a computer algorithm. Detection performance was significantly better at the negative peak of this alpha cycle than at the positive peak, but there was no significant difference between the positively and negatively going zero cross performances. These results are consistent with the Lindsley hypothesis.
Consumer Perceptions of Cpa Webtrustsm Assurances: Evidence of an Expectation Gap

The AICPA/CICA has established WebTrustSM to respond to consumer concerns about the risks of making purchases over the Internet. While WebTrustSM provides assurances related to Internet vendors' business and security practices, it does not provide assurances with respect to product or service quality. This paper examines perceptions of the assurances provided by WebTrustSM and the effect of WebTrustSM on the willingness to make Internet purchases by asking 106 accounting majors to complete a case concerning a company engaging in electronic commerce. Results suggest that, while WebTrustSM provided no additional assurances with respect to business and security practices, it resulted in higher perceived product quality. This paper also finds that product quality is the most important determinant of subjects' willingness to purchase from a Web site displaying the WebTrustSM seal. The results suggest an expectation gap and suggest that the AICPA/CICA should examine closely the value added by WebTrustSM and better communicate its purpose.
Healthcare services accessibility of children in the USA

The increase in the number of children without access to healthcare services is an increasingly urgent issue in the United States. By using data from the Community Tracking Study Household Survey 1996 to 1997, we focus this study on the determinants that cause for the widening gap of healthcare service accessibility among children, 18 years and under, in the USA. Our empirical results suggest that factors such as the out-of-pocket price of healthcare services, household income, years of education by parent (or guardian), health insurance coverage, access to healthcare provider (availability of regular provider, obtaining an appointment, and travelling time) and provider–patient interaction strongly determine the actual use of outpatient services by children as realized access (i.e. accessibility).
Recycling calls for revaluation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop the value concept for recycling contexts.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a conceptual discussion supported by empirical illustrations of value development for recycled paper and electric and electronics products.Findings – Demonstrates the fundamental effects of applying the economic value concept for recycling. Suggests that value can be seen as negative and decreasing, besides positive and increasing. The end customer actually and voluntarily pays in both monetary terms and own work in order to help another actor further along the supply chain to exploit the value created.Research limitations/implications – Any supply chain analysis including recycling must also consider the consumption of value. Traditional models and concepts are based on the end customer as the endpoint. In striving for a societal development towards “closing the circles” this more holistic understanding of value development becomes crucial.Practical implications – Recyclin.
Oral administration of the anti-proliferative substance taurolidine has no impact on dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice

Background: New chemopreventive strategies for ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated dysplasia and cancer have to be evaluated. Taurolidine (TRD) has anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-neoplastic properties with almost absent toxicity. The aim of the study was to determine whether TRD decreases dysplasia in the well-characterized Dextran Sulfate Sodium – Azoxymethane (DSS-AOM) animal model for UC-associated carcinogenesis. Material and Methods: The DSS-AOM model of carcinogenesis was induced in female inbred C57BL/6 mice. Half of the mice were treated with TRD, the other served as control. After 100 days macroscopic, histological and immunhistochemical (β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, SOX9, Ki-67, Cyclin-D1) examination of the colon was performed. Results: Incidence, multiplicity, grading and growth pattern of adenomas did not differ significantly between TRD and control group. In all animals, inflammatory changes were absent. Immunhistochemistry revealed increased expression of Ki-67, β-catenin, SOX9 and Cyclin-D1 in adenomas compared to normal mucosa – without significant difference between TRD and control treatment. Conclusion: Oral administration of TRD has no impact on DSS-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis. However, SOX9 and Cyclin-D1 representing key members of the Wnt pathway have not yet been described in the DSS-AOM model of carcinogenesis – underlining the importance of this oncogenic pathway in this setting.
The Repetitiveness of Self-poisoning and Self-injury

Summary A year's cohort of 690 suicide ‘attempters' was followed for two years in order to monitor further attempts leading to referral to the general hospital. Eighteen per cent were involved in one or more repeat episodes, 16 per cent within the first year. More repeats occurred within the first three months than in the rest of the 21 months, and a large majority of repeats occurred within the first year. Study of a smaller cohort of 141 persons gave information about the frequency and timing of previous attempts. Forty-five per cent had made previous recognized attempts and 10 per cent previous unrecognized attempts. Sixty persons reported 166 previous attempts. Of previous attempters 32 per cent made two or more attempts within a three-month period. Three types of repeaters are suggested: (a) the chronic, habitual repeater; (b) the individual who repeats several times within a short period, and (c) the ‘one-off’ very occasional repeater.
Willingness to Wait Under Risk and Ambiguity

Timing of irreversible decisions depends on decision makers' willingness to wait. This paper studies the distinctive effects of risk and ambiguity on this willingness. We analyze a simple optimal stopping problem in which a decision maker observes an uncertain environment and chooses the timing of an irreversible action. We replicate the model in a laboratory experiment that elicits subjects' willingness to wait. Higher risk increases willingness to wait confirming the model's predictions. Higher ambiguity also increases willingness to wait. Because the model predicts that ambiguity decreases willingness to wait if decision makers are ambiguity averse, this finding is inconsistent with ambiguity aversion in timing decisions.
Remote Magnetic Navigation‐Assisted Catheter Ablation Enhances Catheter Stability and Ablation Success with Lower Catheter Temperatures

Background: It has been suggested that remote magnetic navigation (RMN) may provide enhanced catheter stability and substrate contact to aid in ablation. To date, no study has examined this claim. Accordingly, we compared the characteristics of the successful ablation of atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) using RMN with a matched population ablated using a conventional (CON) manual approach.
Fast-food consumption in South Korea

The consumption of fast-food products in Korea has undergone a rapid increase over the past ten to fifteen years. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency with which South Koreans consume seven common Western-style fast-food products and five common Korean-style fast-food products, and to find the socio-economic group most responsible for the increase in fast-food consumption. Data were collected on the dietary patterns and socio-economic backgrounds of 1,745 subjects between the ages of 12 and 64 years in urban and rural areas of Korea. This study showed that the fast-food products investigated were consumed mainly by Koreans under the age of 30, single, female, residents of Seoul, and either presently students or young adults with only grade school education. However, the results indicated that the consumption of most fast-food products was distributed amongst all income levels.
Should registrars be reporting after-hours CT scans? A calculation of error rate and the influencing factors in South Africa

Background There is a heavy reliance on registrars for after-hours CT reporting with a resultant unavoidable error rate. Purpose To determine the after-hours CT reporting error rate by radiology registrars and influencing factors on this error rate. Material and Methods A 2-month prospective study was undertaken at two tertiary, level 1 trauma centers in Johannesburg, South Africa. Provisional CT reports issued by the registrar on call were reviewed by a qualified radiologist the following morning and information relating to the number, time and type of reporting errors made as well as the body region scanned, indication for the scan, year of training of the registrar, and workload during the call were recorded and analyzed. Results A total of 1477 CT scans were performed with an overall error rate of 17.1% and a major error rate of 7.7%. The error rate for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year registrars was 19.4%, 15.1%, and 14.5%, respectively. A significant difference was found between the error rate in reporting trauma scans (15.8%) compared to non-trauma scans (19.2%) although the difference between emergency scans (16.9%) and elective scans (22.6%) was found to be not significant, a finding likely due to the low number of elective scans performed. Abdominopelvic scans elicited the highest number of errors (33.9%) compared to the other body regions such as head (16.5%) and cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine (11.7%). Increasing workload resulted in a significant increase in error rate when analyzed with a generalized linear model. There was also a significant difference noted in the time of scan groups which we attributed to a workload effect. Missed findings were the most frequent errors seen (57.3%). Conclusion We found an increasing error rate associated with increasing workload and marked increase in errors with the reporting of abdominopelvic scans. There was a decrease in the error rate when looking an increasing year of training although this there was only found to be significant difference between the 2nd and 3rd year registrars.
Use of CCA in the Public Sector: Lessons From Australia’s Experience With Public Utilities

The background to the widespread adoption by Australian public trading enterprises of a deprival value variant of current cost accounting reflects successive efforts to establish demanding rate of return targets, or to legitimise price increases, or to monitor the financial performance of PTEs on a national basis. The experience of three public utilities in implementing CCA is reviewed. This experience suggests that CCA valuation of infrastructure (using deprival or optimized deprival values) is unable to deliver financial data to permit valid cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of performance. Issues raised during the 1970s and 1980s debates about CCA were either ignored or overlooked.
Selling Ideas: The Determinants of Patent Value in an Auction Environment

Although previous empirical studies have found relationships between patent characteristics and value, none have determined how specific attributes relate to auction value or even the probability of a successful auction sale. Using a Heckman two-step model, we regress 13 independent variables against unique patent auction data, finding that publicly owned and frequently referenced patents are more valuable, and that other things being equal, there is an optimal time to offer a patent up for auction.