Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MENTORING RELATIONSHIPS, POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT, YOUTH EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS: INVESTIGATION OF A MEDIATIONAL MODEL

Mentoring programs show promise for preventing emotional and behavioral problems among at-risk youth, but little is known about processes that may be most critical to achieving this end. This study explored indicators of positive youth development (PYD; competence, confidence, connection, care and compassion, character) as mediators of associations of mentoring support with youth emotional and behavioral problems. The sample included 501 youth participating in a study of the Big Brothers Big Sisters program in Canada (mean = 11.16 years old; 52% girls, and 44% White). Measures were youth self-report, with the exception of the use of both youth and parent report measures of emotional and behavioral problems. Results of structural equation modeling analyses were consistent with PYD mediating the association between mentoring support and emotional and behavioral problems, regardless of informant. The association between mentor support and PYD, however, was limited to youth in active mentoring relationships.
Marxist historiography in the history of education : from colonial to neocolonial schooling in the United States

This essay draws on Marx’s scholarly contributions to historiography to examine the history of and approach to the history of education in the United States. The primary theoretical perspective is drawn from the materialist approach outlined in The German Ideology (Marx & Engels, 1846/1996). The Marxist historiography in the history of education developed here is then employed to analyze and critique narratives of the colonial and common school eras. This work disrupts Eurocentric tendencies in Marxist history of education by returning to the work of Marx himself. Este ensayo utiliza las contribuciones eruditas de Marx a la historiografía para examinar la historia y el enfoque de la educación en los Estados Unidos. El enfoque principal teórico esta basado en el materialismo delineado en The German Ideology (Marx & Engels, 1846/1996). La historiografía Marxista en la historia de la educación es utilizada en este ensayo para analizar y criticar las narrativas educativas de épocas coloniales. Este ensayo interrumpe las tendencias eurocéntricas en la historia de la educación Marxista a través de la revisión del trabajo de Marx.
Differential regulation of closely related R2R3-MYB transcription factors controls flavonol accumulation in different parts of the Arabidopsis thaliana seedling

The genes MYB11, MYB12 and MYB111 share significant structural similarity and form subgroup 7 of the Arabidopsis thaliana R2R3-MYB gene family. To determine the regulatory potential of these three transcription factors, we used a combination of genetic, functional genomics and metabolite analysis approaches. MYB11, MYB12 and MYB111 show a high degree of functional similarity and display very similar target gene specificity for several genes of flavonoid biosynthesis, including CHALCONE SYNTHASE, CHALCONE ISOMERASE, FLAVANONE 3-HYDROXYLASE and FLAVONOL SYNTHASE1. Seedlings of the triple mutant myb11 myb12 myb111, which genetically lack a complete subgroup of R2R3-MYB genes, do not form flavonols while the accumulation of anthocyanins is not affected. In developing seedlings, MYB11, MYB12 and MYB111 act in an additive manner due to their differential spatial activity; MYB12 controls flavonol biosynthesis mainly in the root, while MYB111 controls flavonol biosynthesis primarily in cotyledons. We identified and confirmed additional target genes of the R2R3-MYB subgroup 7 factors, including the UDP-glycosyltransferases UGT91A1 and UGT84A1, and we demonstrate that the accumulation of distinct and structurally identified flavonol glycosides in seedlings correlates with the expression domains of the different R2R3-MYB factors. Therefore, we refer to these genes as PFG1–3 for ‘PRODUCTION OF FLAVONOL GLYCOSIDES’.
Vitamin C and Infectious Diseases

Early in this century several authors suggested that vitamin C intake may have beneficial effects on the incidence and severity of various infections. Two exhaustive bibliographical searches of the old literature on vitamin C and infections have been published. One of them was overenthusiastic [1] in its interpretation of the findings, whereas the other was overly pessimistic [2]; neither offered any statistical analysis of the available data. However, a quantitative analysis of controlled studies has been published recently [3]. The mechanisms whereby vitamin C affects the immune system are poorly understood, although there are reports indicating that it affects the functions of phagocytes, the proliferation of T lymphocytes, the production of interferon, and the replication of viruses [3-5].
Insulin signaling in skeletal muscle of HIV-infected patients in response to endurance and strength training

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients with lipodystrophy have decreased insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake. Both endurance and resistance training improve insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of HIV‐infected patients, but the mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to identify the molecular pathways involved in the beneficial effects of training on insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle of HIV‐infected patients. Eighteen sedentary male HIV‐infected patients underwent a 16 week supervised training intervention, either resistance or strength training. Euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamps with muscle biopsies were performed before and after the training interventions. Fifteen age‐ and body mass index (BMI)‐matched HIV‐negative men served as a sedentary baseline group. Phosphorylation and total protein expression of insulin signaling molecules as well as glycogen synthase (GS) activity were analyzed in skeletal muscle biopsies in relation to insulin stimulation before and after training. HIV‐infected patients had reduced basal and insulin‐stimulated GS activity (%fractional velocity, [FV]) as well as impaired insulin‐stimulated Aktthr308 phosphorylation. Despite improving insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake, neither endurance nor strength training changed the phosphorylation status of insulin signaling proteins or affected GS activity. However; endurance training markedly increased the total Akt protein expression, and both training modalities increased hexokinase II (HKII) protein. HIV‐infected patients with lipodystrophy have decreased insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and defects in insulin‐stimulated phosphorylation of Aktthr308. Endurance and strength training increase insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in these patients, and the muscular training adaptation is associated with improved capacity for phosphorylation of glucose by HKII, rather than changes in markers of insulin signaling to glucose uptake or glycogen synthesis.
Radiation, temperature, and leaf area explain ecosystem carbon fluxes in boreal and temperate European forests

We analyzed measurements of net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) over 15 European forests (the EuroFlux data set) to investigate which climate and forest characteristics explain temporal and intersite variations in NEE and its components, gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R). Informed stepwise regression was used to derive a parameter‐efficient, empirical model that was consistent with process knowledge. The resulting model required seven site‐specific parameters to describe flux behavior at different temporal scales as a function of radiation, temperature, and air humidity. The interpretation appeared robust despite method and data uncertainties, although the data set was probably biased toward well‐watered boreal and temperate European forests. Radiation, temperature, and leaf area (through forest assimilation capacity) appear to be the main drivers of the observed temporal and intersite variation in gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem exchange.
Risk factors for non-cancer health events in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Cancer progression and non-cancer-related morbidities can affect the quality of life and survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the development of non-cancer health events (NCHEs) in HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved 465 previously-untreated patients with HNSCC diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 at the Asan Medical Center. Non-cancer-associated morbidity was defined as readmission after treatment of HNSCC due to non-cancer-related causes. NCHEs were defined as the occurrence of non-cancer-associated morbidity or mortality. The incidence and risk factors for NCHEs were analyzed. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 47.6 months, non-cancer morbidity and mortality occurred in 83 (17.8%) and 25 patients (5.4%), respectively. Thirteen patients (52%) died from non-cancer-related causes with no previous admission for non-cancer causes. Multivariate analysis showed that the incidence of NCHEs was significantly associated with a Charlson comorbidity index ≥1 and stage III/IV disease (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with comorbidities and advanced diseases may be at higher risk of NCHEs. Because NCHEs are sometimes life-threatening, every effort should be made to avoid unexpected non-cancer-associated mortality in the HNSCC patients.
Pengaruh Locus Of Control, Organization Citizenship Behavior dan Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kotabaru)

This research is to evaluate: (1) the influence of locus of control to employee's performance, (2) the influence of organization citizenship behavior to employee's performance and (3) the influce of work's life quality to employee's performance. The population is taken from 40 respondents by using stratified random sampling and data is analysed by PLS (partial least square). The research reveals that (1) locus of control doesn't influence employee's performance, (2) organization citizenship behavior influences employee's performance and (3) quality of work's life influences employee's performance. Locus of control doesn't influence employee's performance indicates that employess of this hospital - RSUD Kotabaru are not able to develop locus of control both internally and externally in order to create competitive work condition and inedequate efforts are taken to encounter problems, in that it will be overcome in a better manner and have outstanding performances.
The Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background— Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is the gold-standard technique for the assessment of ventricular function. Although left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction are strong predictors of outcome in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), there are limited data regarding the prognostic significance of right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction (RVSD). We investigated whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of RV function has prognostic value in DCM. Methods and Results— We prospectively studied 250 consecutive DCM patients with the use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance. RVSD, defined by RV ejection fraction ⩽45%, was present in 86 (34%) patients. During a median follow-up period of 6.8 years, there were 52 deaths, and 7 patients underwent cardiac transplantation. The primary end point of all-cause mortality or cardiac transplantation was reached by 42 of 86 patients with RVSD and 17 of 164 patients without RVSD (49% versus 10%; hazard ratio, 5.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.35–10.37; P<0.001). On multivariable analysis, RVSD remained a significant independent predictor of the primary end point (hazard ratio, 3.90; 95% CI, 2.16–7.04; P<0.001), as well as secondary outcomes of cardiovascular mortality or cardiac transplantation (hazard ratio, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.76–6.39; P<0.001), and heart failure death, heart failure hospitalization, or cardiac transplantation (hazard ratio, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.32–5.51; P=0.006). Assessment of RVSD improved risk stratification for all-cause mortality or cardiac transplantation (net reclassification improvement, 0.31; 95% CI 0.10–0.53; P=0.001). Conclusions— RVSD is a powerful, independent predictor of transplant-free survival and adverse heart failure outcomes in DCM. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of RV function is important in the evaluation and risk stratification of DCM patients.
Experts' Perceptions of Autocorrelation: The Hot Hand Fallacy Among Professional Basketball Players

The hot hand fallacy is the perception positive autocorrelation when none is actually present. However, when mistaken beliefs do not aect the underlying success probability, then they come at zero cost if the underlying sequence truly exhibits independence. This paper studies an environment where success probabilities are a function of beliefs: shot selection in professional basketball. Beliefs are inferred through shot conditions such as time between shots, distance, defense, location, passes and touches. I nd that a majority of the players in the sample
Rituals in Australian Women's Veteran's Field Hockey

The emergence of Masters and Veteran’s sports over the last three decades has provided a platform for women to participate in sport as they age. Although Masters and Veteran’s sporting events can be highly competitive, these events are typically framed in participatory discourses which emphasise fun and friendship on and off the field. This study examined the experiences of women (aged 45 years and over) competing in a State Veteran’s Hockey tournament in New South Wales, Australia. In-depth interviews and field observations were undertaken at both the hockey fields and the tournament’s championship dinner. Ritual was a key theme to emerge from data analysis. This notion of ritual had two broad and interacting dimensions: recurrence and cultural norms. The tournament itself was a special event that these women planned for and returned to year after year. The championship dinner was a recurring highlight of the tournament that always included a dress-up theme, alcohol consumption and dancing. Other off the field cultural norms included practical jokes, comedic team mascots and uniforms, and ensuring alcohol was available at the grounds. Overall, these rituals in women’s veteran’s hockey allowed for team bonding, social connections, enjoyment and feelings of empowerment that extended beyond just playing the sport. Focusing on the stories and lived experiences of older sportswomen offers alternative meanings of ageing, sport and gender.
Can we identify cellular pathways implicated in cancer using gene expression data?

The cancer state of a cell is characterized by alterations of important cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA-damage repair, etc. The expression of genes associated with cancer related pathways, therefore, may exhibit differences between the normal and the cancerous states. We explore various means to find these differences. We analyze 6 different pathways (p53, Ras, Brca, DNA damage repair, NF/spl kappa/b and /spl beta/-catenin) and 4 different types of cancer: colon, pancreas, prostate and kidney. Our results are found to be mostly consistent with existing knowledge of the involvement of these pathways in different cancers. Our analysis constitutes proof of principle that it may be possible to predict the involvement of a particular pathway in cancer or other diseases by using gene expression data. Such method would be particularly useful for the types of diseases where biology is poorly understood.
Building a Reputation under Frequent Decisions

I study reputation games with frequent decisions and persistently imperfect monitoring. In these games, as the period length tends to zero, the monitoring structure approaches a continuous-time limit, and, further, the limit monitoring is non-trivially imperfect. I show that for any prior probability on the long-run player’s types that assigns positive probability to commitment types, if the long-run player’s instantaneous discount rate is close enough to zero, there is a lower bound on the set of Nash equilibrium payoffs of the long-run player which converges, as the period length tends to zero, to a number arbitrarily close to the long-run player’s commitment payoff.
Dynamic Impairment-Aware RWA in Multifiber Wavelength-Routed All-Optical Networks Supporting Class-Based Traffic

A quality-of-transmission- (QoT-) aware routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) technique suitable for multifiber wavelength-routed all-optical networks supporting class-based lightpaths (LPs) is proposed, where QoT is evaluated not only for any candidate LP being set up but also for already-set-up LPs. In this paper, QoT refers to the quality of transmission at the physical layer and quality of service (QoS) refers to the network-level quality issues. Four performance improvement techniques are proposed: (1) preempting an existing low-quality (LQ) LP by a high-quality (HQ) connection considering bandwidth utilization to provide better QoS for HQ traffic; (2) class-based buffering of connection requests in edge switches to provide the chance of setup for the LPs that are going to be blocked, and therefore, improving the performance of the LP setup; (3) differentiated routing in which LQ LPs are routed through large dispersion paths and HQ LPs through small dispersion paths; and (4) wavelength ordering to reduce crosstalk in switches and interchannel crosstalk on fibers. Our performance evaluations show the effectiveness of the proposed improvements in reducing blocking probability.
Security services as coping mechanisms: an investigation into user intention to adopt an email authentication service

Email plays an important role in the digital economy but is threatened by increasingly sophisticated cybercrimes. A number of security services have been developed, including an email authentication service designed to cope with email threats. It remains unknown how users perceive and evaluate these security services and consequently form their adoption intention. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model and Technology Threat Avoidance Theory, this paper investigates the factors that affect user intention to adopt an email authentication service. Our results show that user intention to adopt an email security service is contingent upon users' perception of risk and evaluation of both internal and external coping strategies. This study contributes to research in security service adoption, service success and design, and information security behaviour.
Transfer Student Experiences at a Four-Year University

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Problem Statement . 1 Purpose Statement . 3 Research Questions and Hypotheses. 3 Significance of the Study . 7 Theoretical Underpinnings . 8 Assumptions . 8 Delimitations . 9 Definitions of Key Terms . 10 Summary . 13 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction . 14 Transfer Students . 17 Definition . 17 Transfer Completion Rates . 18 Transfer Student Grade Point Average (GPA) Levels . 19 Orientation of Transfer Students . 20 Student Engagement . 22
Update on the management of restless legs syndrome: existing and emerging treatment options

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder, characterized by a circadian variation of symptoms involving an urge to move the limbs (usually the legs) as well as paresthesias. There is a primary (familial) and a secondary (acquired) form, which affects a wide variety of individuals, such as pregnant women, patients with end-stage renal disease, iron deficiency, rheumatic disease, and persons taking medications. The symptoms reflect a circadian fluctuation of dopamine in the substantia nigra. RLS patients have lower dopamine and iron levels in the substantia nigra and respond to both dopaminergic therapy and iron administration. Iron, as a cofactor of dopamine production and a regulator of the expression of dopamine type 2-receptor, has an important role in the RLS etiology. In the management of the disease, the first step is to investigate possible secondary causes and their treatment. Dopaminergic agents are considered as the first-line therapy for moderate to severe RLS. If dopaminergic drugs are contraindicated or not efficacious, or if symptoms are resistant and unremitting, gabapentin or other antiepileptic agents, benzodiazepines, or opioids can be used for RLS therapy. Undiagnosed, wrongly diagnosed, and untreated RLS is associated with a significant impairment of the quality of life.
Autophagy regulates the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a promising approach to treat various inflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis. However, the fate of MSCs in the inflammatory microenvironment is largely unknown. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-studied animal model of multiple sclerosis. We demonstrated that autophagy occurred in MSCs during their application for EAE treatment. Inflammatory cytokines, e.g., interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor, induced autophagy in MSCs synergistically by inducing expression of BECN1/Beclin 1. Inhibition of autophagy by knockdown of Becn1 significantly improved the therapeutic effects of MSCs on EAE, which was mainly attributable to enhanced suppression upon activation and expansion of CD4+ T cells. Mechanistically, inhibition of autophagy increased reactive oxygen species generation and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 activation in MSCs, which were essential for PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 [prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase]) and downstream prostaglandin E2 expression to exert immunoregulatory function. Furthermore, pharmacological treatment of MSCs to inhibit autophagy increased their immunosuppressive effects on T cell-mediated EAE. Our findings indicate that inflammatory microenvironment-induced autophagy downregulates the immunosuppressive function of MSCs. Therefore, modulation of autophagy in MSCs would provide a novel strategy to improve MSC-based immunotherapy.