Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Three Exact Components of the Magnetic Field Created by a Radially Magnetized Tile Permanent Magnet

This paper presents the exact analytical formulation of the three components of the magnetic field created by a radially magnetized tile permanent magnet. These expressions take both the magnetic pole surface densities and the magnetic pole volume density into account. So, this means that the tile magnet curvature is completely taken into account. Moreover, the magnetic field can be calculated exactly in any point of the space, should it be outside the tile magnet or inside it. Consequently, we have obtained an accurate 3D magnetic field as no simplifying assumptions have been used for calculating these three magnetic components. Thus, this result is really interesting. Furthermore, the azimuthal component of the field can be determined without any special functions. In consequence, its computational cost is very low which is useful for optimization purposes. Besides, all the other expressions obtained are based on elliptic functions or special functions whose numerical calculation is fast and robust and this allows us to realize parametric studies easily. Eventually, we show the interest of this formulation by applying it to one example: the calculation and the optimization of alternate magnetization magnet devices. Such devices are commonly used in various application fields: sensors, motors, couplings, etc. The point is that the total field is calculated by using the superposition theorem and summing the contribution to the field of each tile magnet in any point of the space. This approach is a good alternative to a finite element method because the calculation of the magnetic field is done without any simplifying assumption.
Hydration Knowledge and Behavior in Youth Mountain Bike Teams

Many youth sports organizations recognize the importance of educating on hydration practices and awareness, although according to recent research current hydration education is not correlating to effective practices. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess and describe the hydration knowledge and behavior of student-athletes participating in competitive junior high and high school mountain bike teams, in order to substantiate further research. METHODS: A total of 133 male and female participants, ranging from 11-18 years were surveyed on their hydration knowledge and behavior. All participants were apparently healthy and were active members of a National Interscholastic Cycling Association (NICA) Mountain Bike Team. RESULTS: The mean score for knowledge was 9.28, SD 1.52. Less than 30% of participants received an adequate score (=>10.5). 65% of participants received hydration education but mean knowledge scores were still inadequate (M=9.5, SD =1.51). Significant differences (p < 0.05) in knowledge scores were seen between genders, year in school, receiving education, and drinking behaviors. CONCLUSION: Despite understanding the importance of keeping hydrated, mean knowledge scores indicated inadequate knowledge, while behavior responses indicated inconsistency in translation of knowledge.
The impact of hearing loss on the quality of life of elderly adults

Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in the elderly, and it is becoming a severe social and health problem. Especially in the elderly, hearing loss can impair the exchange of information, thus significantly impacting everyday life, causing loneliness, isolation, dependence, and frustration, as well as communication disorders. Due to the aging of the population in the developed world, presbycusis is a growing problem that has been reported to reduce quality of life (QoL). Progression of presbycusis cannot be remediated; therefore, optimal management of this condition not only requires early recognition and rehabilitation, but it also should include an evaluation of QoL status and its assessment.
Agroquímicos organofosforados y su potencial daño en la salud de trabajadores agrícolas del campo sonorense

El uso de agroquímicos es necesario para mantener el rendimiento promedio de los cultivos. Sin embargo, los efectos causados en los trabajadores agrícolas representan un problema de salud. La determinación de la actividad de la colinesterasa en la sangre es un valioso indicador de exposición a agroquímicos organofosforados. Con base en lo anterior, se explora la posibilidad de intoxicaciones agudas grado 1 y se determinan los valores de acetilcolinesterasa en 25 personas que laboran en actividades agrícolas y en 5 como muestra control. De la población estudiada, 86% presentó valores normales de la actividad de la colinesterasa. No obstante, los resultados sirven como indicadores biológicos de intoxicación y son importantes para el seguimiento y detección de los efectos tóxicos producidos.
Differences Between Household Waste Reduction, Reuse and Recycling Behaviour: a Study of Reported Behaviours, Intentions and Explanatory Variables

Research into individual waste management has focused primarily on recycling behaviour. It is argued here that there also needs to be a focus on reuse and reduction of waste. The diversity of waste behaviour and its antecedents is therefore emphasised. The declared reduction, reuse and recycling behaviour of 673 households in Exeter, Devon is detailed. Differences between behaviours are examined. This is then discussed in the context of the intentions stated by respondents towards these three activities. Comparisons are made. The data are then subjected to factor analyses and regression procedures to demonstrate the diversity of variables that explain each behaviour.
Maternal Obesity Is Associated with Alterations in the Gut Microbiome in Toddlers

Children born to obese mothers are at increased risk for obesity, but the mechanisms behind this association are not fully delineated. A novel possible pathway linking maternal and child weight is the transmission of obesogenic microbes from mother to child. The current study examined whether maternal obesity was associated with differences in the composition of the gut microbiome in children in early life. Fecal samples from children 18–27 months of age (n = 77) were analyzed by pyro-tag 16S sequencing. Significant effects of maternal obesity on the composition of the gut microbiome of offspring were observed among dyads of higher socioeconomic status (SES). In the higher SES group (n = 47), children of obese (BMI≥30) versus non-obese mothers clustered on a principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) and exhibited greater homogeneity in the composition of their gut microbiomes as well as greater alpha diversity as indicated by the Shannon Diversity Index, and measures of richness and evenness. Also in the higher SES group, children born to obese versus non-obese mothers had differences in abundances of Faecalibacterium spp. , Eubacterium spp. , Oscillibacter spp. , and Blautia spp. Prior studies have linked some of these bacterial groups to differences in weight and diet. This study provides novel evidence that maternal obesity is associated with differences in the gut microbiome in children in early life, particularly among those of higher SES. Among obese adults, the relative contribution of genetic versus behavioral factors may differ based on SES. Consequently, the extent to which maternal obesity confers measureable changes to the gut microbiome of offspring may differ based on the etiology of maternal obesity. Continued research is needed to examine this question as well as the relevance of the observed differences in gut microbiome composition for weight trajectory over the life course.
A Comparative Study of Ethylene Emanation upon Nitrogen Deficiency in Natural Accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana

An original approach to develop sustainable agriculture with less nitrogen fertilizer inputs is to tackle the cross-talk between nitrogen nutrition and plant growth regulators. In particular the gaseous hormone, ethylene, is a prime target for that purpose. The variation of ethylene production in natural accessions of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana was explored in response to the nitrate supply. Ethylene was measured with a laser-based photoacoustic detector. First, experimental conditions were established with Columbia-0 (Col-0) accession, which was grown in vitro on horizontal plates across a range of five nitrate concentrations (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mM). The concentrations of 1 and 10 mM nitrate were retained for further characterization. Along with a decrease of total dry biomass and higher biomass allocation to the roots, the ethylene production was 50% more important at 1 mM than at 10 mM nitrate. The total transcript levels of 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID SYNTHASES (ACS) in roots and those of ACC OXIDASES (ACO) in shoots increased by 100% between the same treatments. This was mainly due to higher transcript levels of ACS6 and of ACO2 and ACO4 respectively. The assumption was that during nitrogen deficiency, the greater biomass allocation in favor of the roots was controlled by ethylene being released in the shoots after conversion of ACC originating from the roots. Second, biomass and ethylene productions were measured in 20 additional accessions. Across all accessions, the total dry biomass and ethylene production were correlated negatively at 1 mM but positively at 10 mM nitrate. Furthermore, polymorphism was surveyed in ACC and ethylene biosynthesis genes and gene products among accessions. Very few substitutions modifying the amino acids properties in conserved motifs of the enzymes were found in the accessions. Natural variation of ethylene production could be further explored to improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), in particular by manipulating features like the biomass production and the timing of senescence upon nitrogen limitation.
Articulating practice through Provenance

Professional practice literature acknowledges the value for practitioners inquiring into and critically reflecting on their professional practice. This approach to professional practice inquiry, initiated and undertaken by the professionals themselves, has been labelled ‘practitioner research’ in educational literature and ‘first-person action research’ in research literature. The approach can also be seen as a response to Davide Nicolini’s call for broader than ethnographic methodologies within the ‘practice-turn’. The paradigm dialogue’s people-centred inquiry approach generated multiple alternative investigative methodologies to the scientific method, an approach which until that time had dominated research practices. Several of the alternate approaches were relevant for professional practice investigation. The propositions within this paper are contextualised within one of the posited alternate methodologies, ‘practice-led inquiry’, distinguished from other forms of practitioner research by its starting or initiating point within the inquirer’s own practice. This defining feature is problematic for some practitioners who have difficulty describing their practice, and specifically describing it in ways that open the practices to interrogation and inquiry and generate new knowledge and theory. This paper posits Provenance as a strategy/process within practice-led inquiry to enable practitioners to recognise knowledge about practice arising from their own experiences and utilise that in their theory building. The term Provenance describes the history and ownership of a given artefact, and the artisans who have informed its making. We discuss professional’s utilisation of Provenance’s within practice-led inquiry to identify origins of their practice through nominating critical incidents and literature that have informed development of their practice. Provenance thus creates a starting point and scaffold for practice-led inquiry, enabling a professional to interrogate their practice to build meaning about how a given professional practice can be understood and undertaken. This stands to contribute to the growing discourse about professional practice. Provenance can also support extended inquiry into a practice by scaffolding solicitation of other professional stories about a given professional practice. Provenance resonates with action inquiry, both in iterative cycles of action and reflection and in the use of ‘first-person action inquiry’. It allows professionals to connect back and identify turning points in their own professional development. It affirms the practitioner/inquirer’s own understanding and knowledge of their practice. The narrative that evolves from initial consideration of critical events, and sometimes literature that have informed development of professional practice, can be repeatedly revisited to remember, reflect and change more and more detail, generating new knowledge about the practice.
Efficient Assembly of Ribosomes Is Inhibited by Deletion of bipA in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT The bacterial BipA protein belongs to the EF-G family of translational GTPases and has been postulated to be either a regulatory translation factor or a ribosome assembly factor. To distinguish between these hypotheses, we analyzed the effect of bipA deletion on three phenotypes associated with ribosome assembly factors: cold sensitivity, ribosome subunit distribution, and rRNA processing. We demonstrated that a ΔbipA strain exhibits a cold-sensitive phenotype that is similar to, and synergistic with, that of a strain with a known ribosome assembly factor, deaD. Additionally, the bipA deletion strain displayed a perturbed ribosome subunit distribution when grown at low temperature, similar to that of a deaD mutant, and again, the double mutant showed additive effects. The primary ribosomal deficiency noted was a decreased level of the 50S subunit and the appearance of a presumed pre-50S particle. Finally, deletion of bipA resulted in accumulation of pre23S rRNA, as did deletion of deaD. We further found that deletion of rluC, which encodes a pseudouridine synthase that modifies the 23S rRNA at three sites, suppressed all three phenotypes of the bipA mutant, supporting and extending previous findings. Together, these results suggest that BipA is important for the correct and efficient assembly of the 50S subunit of the ribosome at low temperature but when unmodified by RluC, the ribosomes become BipA independent for assembly. IMPORTANCE The ribosome is the complex ribonucleoprotein machine responsible for protein synthesis in all cells. Although much has been learned about the structure and function of the ribosome, we do not fully understand how it is assembled or the accessory proteins that increase efficiency of biogenesis and function. This study examined one such protein, BipA. Our results indicate that BipA either directly or indirectly enhances the formation of the 50S subunit of the ribosome, particularly at low temperature. In addition, ribosomes contain a large number of modified nucleosides, including pseudouridines. This work demonstrates that the function of BipA is tied to the modification status of the ribosome and may help us understand why these modifications have been retained.
Parallel and Distributed Methods for Nonconvex Optimization-Part I: Theory

In this two-part paper, we propose a general algorithmic framework for the minimization of a nonconvex smooth function subject to nonconvex smooth constraints. The algorithm solves a sequence of (separable) strongly convex problems and mantains feasibility at each iteration. Convergence to a stationary solution of the original nonconvex optimization is established. Our framework is very general and flexible; it unifies several existing Successive Convex Approximation (SCA)-based algorithms such as (proximal) gradient or Newton type methods, block coordinate (parallel) descent schemes, difference of convex functions methods, and improves on their convergence properties. More importantly, and differently from current SCA approaches, it naturally leads to distributed and parallelizable implementations for a large class of nonconvex problems. This Part I is devoted to the description of the framework in its generality. In Part II we customize our general methods to several multi-agent optimization problems, mainly in communications and networking; the result is a new class of (distributed) algorithms that compare favorably to existing ad-hoc (centralized) schemes (when they exist).
A Survey on Recent Image Indexing and Retrieval Techniques for Low-Level Feature Extraction in CBIR Systems

In the modern era, with the explosive growth of image databases, huge amount of image and video archive led to rise of a new research and development of efficient method to searching, locating and retrieving of image. For this purpose, an efficient tool for searching, locating and retrieval of image is required. This paper presenting a survey on low level feature description techniques for Content Based Image Retrieval is presented with its various applications.
Exact Solution of Linear Equations Using P-Adie Expansions*

A method is described for computing the exact rational solution to a regular system Ax=b of linear equations with integer coefficients. The method involves: (i) computing the inverse (modp) of A for some prime p; (ii) using successive refinements to compute an integer vector ~ such that A,2-b (modp") for a suitably large integer m; and (iii) deducing the rational solution x from the p-adic approximation 2. For matrices A and b with entries of bounded size and dimensions n x n and n x 1, this method can be implemented in time O(n3(logn) 2) which is better than methods previously used.
Comparison of one-dimensional HEC-RAS with two-dimensional FESWMS model in flood inundation mapping

Cook, Aaron Christopher. MSCE, Purdue University, May, 2008. Comparison of onedimensional HEC-RAS with two-dimensional FESWMS model in flood inundation mapping. Major Professor: Venkatesh Merwade. Flood inundation mapping is influenced by many factors such as the quality of terrain data (digital elevation model, DEM), the cross-sectional configuration, and the use of a one (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic model. The increasing availability of high resolution topographic data, development of twoand threedimensional hydrodynamic models, and access to fast computing computers is revolutionizing the flood inundation mapping process. The objectives of this study are to compare the effect of topographic data, geometric configuration (cross-section spacing, finite element mesh resolution), and use of one and two-dimensional hydrodynamic models on the flood inundation mapping process. By using different topographic datasets (USGS DEM, surveyed cross-sections, and LiDAR) and two types of models (1D HEC-RAS and 2D FESWMS) on two study reaches (Strouds Creek in North Carolina and the Brazos River in Texas); the sensitivity of hydraulic modeling and flood inundation mapping to terrain data, geometric configuration, and model type is analyzed. HEC-GeoRAS (ArcGIS version), and Surfacewater Modeling System (SMS) are used as preand post-processing tools to prepare model inputs, execute models, and delineate flood inundation maps. The results from this study show that inundation extent increases as the resolution of the DEM decreases for both the oneand two-dimensional model. The higher resolution DEMs are more susceptible to changes in both cross-sectional modification and mesh resolution. The results also show that increasing the number of cross-sections in a one-dimensional simulation generally increases the inundation extent except near levees, where the results are complex, and that cross-sectional modifications alter high resolution DEMs more than
Performance of evaluation methods in image fusion

Many algorithms and software tools have been developed for fusing panchromatic and multispectral datasets in remote sensing. Also, a number of methods has been proposed and developed for the comparative evaluation of fusion results. To this date, however, no papers have been published that analyze effectiveness and quality of the evaluation techniques. In our study, methods that evaluate fusion quality are tested for different images and test sites. This analysis shows that in most cases the tested methods perform well, but are sometimes inconsistent with visual analysis results.
Criticism and education: dissatisfaction of parents who homeschool and those who send their children to school with the education system

ABSTRACT Homeschooling is a practice in which children of all ages do not attend school, usually by choice of their parents. Research has found diverse reasons for choosing homeschooling, including, reason related to family, personal safety, and others. However, the main reason cited repeatedly for homeschooling is dissatisfaction of parents with the quality of education that children receive at school. The present research used qualitative instruments to examine the criticism of the education system voiced by parents who homeschooled, in comparison with that heard from parents who sent their children to conventional schools. The findings indicate significant differences between the two groups in the nature of their criticism of the education system. The results of the comparison suggest different perceptions of the system and of the purpose of learning. This may enlighten our understanding of the differences among parents who choose different styles of education for their children.
Clinical Usefulness of Novel Serum and Imaging Biomarkers in Risk Stratification of Patients with Stable Angina

Inflammatory mediators appear to be the most intriguing yet confusing subject, regarding the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The current inflammatory concept of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) led many investigators to concentrate on systemic markers of inflammation, as well as imaging techniques, which may be helpful in risk stratification and prognosis assessment for cardiovascular events. In this review, we try to depict many of the recently studied markers regarding stable angina (SA), their clinical usefulness, and possible future applications in the field.
Fuzzy Logic Based Gradient Descent Method with Application to a PI-type Fuzzy Controller Tuning: New Results

An improved self-tuning mechanism of fuzzy control by gradient descent method is presented. The membership function parameters are tuned by minimizing some criterion defined on the control output using the steepest gradient descent algorithm. The factor which controls how much the fuzzy controller parameters are altered is adjusted continuously using a set of fuzzy rules. This varying factor is determined with respect to the values of the objective function and its change. An application to the control output optimization of a Pi-type fuzzy controller shows the superiority of the proposed self-tuning mechanism over a previously published approach in terms of both precision and convergence rate.