Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information Security Management as a Bridge in Cloud Systems from Private to Public Organizations

Cloud computing has made it possible for private companies to make rapid changes in their computing environments. However, in the public sector, security issues hinder institutions from adopting cloud computing. To solve these security challenges, in this paper, we propose a methodology for information security management, which quantitatively classifies the importance of information in cloud systems in the public sector. In this study, we adopt a Delphi approach to establish the classification criteria of the proposed methodology in an objective and systematic manner. Further, through a case study of a public corporation, we try to validate the usefulness of the proposed methodology. The results of this study will help public institutions to consider introducing cloud computing and to manage cloud systems effectively and securely.
The Moving Missions of Community Colleges: An Examination of Degree-Granting Profiles Over Time

Objective: Despite extensive debate about the curricular mission of community colleges, prior research has not sufficiently analyzed differences in the kinds of degrees (i.e., the field of study and award level) community colleges produce. Therefore, we explore both the fields of study and the levels at which public community colleges grant degrees and analyze how this has changed over time. Method: Multilevel latent class analysis is used here to estimate latent degree-granting profiles, and colleges are allocated into the profiles based on their observed degree-granting behaviors from 1987 to 2012. Results: The analysis shows that public community colleges can be allocated into five distinct degree-granting profiles over the period of study. A small minority of colleges have and continue to engage almost exclusively in a vocational mission. The two degree profiles that increased in prominence over time suggest an overall shift toward the simultaneous pursuit of transfer and vocational missions. However, a majority of colleges (68%) exhibited stable degree-granting behaviors between 1987 and 2012, indicating a relatively high level of stability in degree-granting patterns across community colleges during this period. Contribution: These patterns highlight variation across colleges and both stability and change within institutions over time. This suggests that public community colleges are simultaneously situated in strong institutional and technical environments and, thus, are subject to constraints and incentives that shape not only their stated policies but also their actual degree-granting behaviors.
Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Reveals a Neo-X Chromosome and Biased Gene Movement in Stalk-Eyed Flies (Genus Teleopsis)

Chromosomal location has a significant effect on the evolutionary dynamics of genes involved in sexual dimorphism, impacting both the pattern of sex-specific gene expression and the rate of duplication and protein evolution for these genes. For nearly all non-model organisms, however, knowledge of chromosomal gene content is minimal and difficult to obtain on a genomic scale. In this study, we utilized Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH), using probes designed from EST sequence, to identify genes located on the X chromosome of four species in the stalk-eyed fly genus Teleopsis. Analysis of log2 ratio values of female-to-male hybridization intensities from the CGH microarrays for over 3,400 genes reveals a strongly bimodal distribution that clearly differentiates autosomal from X-linked genes for all four species. Genotyping of 33 and linkage mapping of 28 of these genes in Teleopsis dalmanni indicate the CGH results correctly identified chromosomal location in all cases. Syntenic comparison with Drosophila indicates that 90% of the X-linked genes in Teleopsis are homologous to genes located on chromosome 2L in Drosophila melanogaster, suggesting the formation of a nearly complete neo-X chromosome from Muller element B in the dipteran lineage leading to Teleopsis. Analysis of gene movement both relative to Drosophila and within Teleopsis indicates that gene movement is significantly associated with 1) rates of protein evolution, 2) the pattern of gene duplication, and 3) the evolution of eyespan sexual dimorphism. Overall, this study reveals that diopsids are a critical group for understanding the evolution of sex chromosomes within Diptera. In addition, we demonstrate that CGH is a useful technique for identifying chromosomal sex-linkage and should be applicable to other organisms with EST or partial genomic information.
Topological entropy of DNA sequences

MOTIVATION Topological entropy has been one of the most difficult to implement of all the entropy-theoretic notions. This is primarily due to finite sample effects and high-dimensionality problems. In particular, topological entropy has been implemented in previous literature to conclude that entropy of exons is higher than of introns, thus implying that exons are more 'random' than introns. RESULTS We define a new approximation to topological entropy free from the aforementioned difficulties. We compute its expected value and apply this definition to the intron and exon regions of the human genome to observe that as expected, the entropy of introns are significantly higher than that of exons. We also find that introns are less random than expected: their entropy is lower than the computed expected value. We also observe the perplexing phenomena that introns on chromosome Y have atypically low and bimodal entropy, possibly corresponding to random sequences (high entropy) and sequences that posses hidden structure or function (low entropy). AVAILABILITY A Mathematica implementation is available at http://www.math.psu.edu/koslicki/entropy.nb CONTACT koslicki@math.psu.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Where are the new theories of organization

This Special Topic Forum was inspired by the observation that most of the theories of organization used by contemporary management researchers were formulated several decades ago, largely in the 1960s and 1970s, and that these theories have persisted, largely intact, since that time. This is so, in spite of massive growth and change in the size, prevalence and influence of organizations in modern society. Organizational theory, as Davis (2010: 691) has observed, can sometimes appear like a “living museum of the 1970s. ” Where, we asked, are the new theories of organization?
Analisis Konsep Diri Mahasiswa Program Studi Pg-paud

The general objective of this study was to obtain information about the concept of self-Student Program Early Childhood Education FKIP UNTAN. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Data collection techniques used are indirect communication techniques by using a questionnaire (questionnaire). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics percentage. Based on the analysis of questionnaires on self-concept of early childhood education students can be described as follows: (1) Be Objective In Yourself, 72.50% obtained results with either category, (2) Respect Yourself, results obtained 65.62% with either category, (3) Not hostile Yourself, 69.37% obtained results with both categories; (4) Rational Thinking, the results obtained 78.12% with very good category. Based on the findings it can be concluded that: (1) Was able to assess themselves objectively, (2) Can respect himself, (3) Did not antagonize the aspects themselves well categorized. This shows that they are always optimistic when facing a failure, and not feeling sorry for themselves or even blame themselves which can result from frustration; (4) Has a way of rational thinking. This shows that they are not susceptible to things that are less accountable.
Distribution of Cardiac Stem Cells in the Human Heart

Introduction. The existence of human cardiac stem cells (hCSC) and their regenerative capacity are not fully defined. The aim of this study was to identify and analyse the distribution of hCSCs by flow cytometry (FCM). Methods. Tissue samples from the left ventricle (LV) and the appendages of the right atrium (RA) and left atrium (LA) were taken during cardiac surgery. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated, labelled for the stem-cell-marker c-kit and hematopoietic-lineage markers and analysed by FCM. Results. HCSCs could be isolated from the RA, LA, and LV without significant quantitative difference between both atria (A) (RA 4.80 ± 1.76% versus LA 4.99 ± 1.69% of isolated MNCs, P = 0.922). The number of hCSCs was significantly higher in both atria compared to the left ventricle (A 4.90 ± 1.29% versus LV 0.62 ± 0.14% of isolated MNCs, P = 0.035). Conclusion. The atria contain a higher concentration of hCSC than the left ventricle. HCSCs located in the atria could serve as an endogenous source for heart regeneration.
β-Adrenergic receptor stimulation causes cardiac hypertrophy via a Gβγ/Erk-dependent pathway.

AIMS Activation of the β(1)-adrenergic receptor and its G protein, G(s), induces cardiac hypertrophy. However, activation of classic Gα(s) effectors, adenylyl cyclases (AC) and protein kinase A, is not sufficient for induction of hypertrophy, which suggests the involvement of additional pathway(s) activated by G(s). Recently, we discovered that βγ subunits of G(q) induce phosphorylation of the extracellular regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) at threonine188 and thereby induce hypertrophy. Here we investigated whether β-adrenergic receptors might also induce cardiac hypertrophy via Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation. METHODS AND RESULTS β-Adrenergic receptor activation induced Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation in mouse hearts and in neonatal cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of Erk1/2 or overexpression of Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation-deficient mutants (Erk2(T188A) and Erk2(T188S)) significantly attenuated β-adrenergic cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro. Erk activity was stimulated by both isoproterenol and the direct AC activator forskolin, but only isoproterenol induced Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation. Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation required Gβγ released from G(s) and was prevented by Gβγ inhibition. Similarly, isoproterenol, but not forskolin, induced nuclear accumulation of Erk and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Long-term application of isoproterenol in mice caused left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac remodelling, and this was reduced in Erk2(T188S) transgenic mice, supporting the physiological relevance of Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Activation of G(s) by β-adrenergic receptors leads to (i) canonical Erk1/2 activation via AC, and (ii) release of Gβγ, which then associates with activated Erk1/2 and induces Erk(Thr188) phosphorylation, causing nuclear accumulation of Erk and ultimately cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. These findings reveal a new pathway critically involved in β-adrenergically mediated cardiac hypertrophy and may yield new therapeutic strategies against hypertrophic remodelling.
Effect of Computer Animation Technique on Students' Comprehension of the "Solar System and Beyond" Unit in the Science and Technology Course

Accepted: 25.01. 2013 The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of computer animation technique on academic achievement of students in the 'Solar System and Beyond' unit lectured as part of the Science and Technology course of the seventh grade in primary education. The sample of the study consists of 60 students attending to the 7th grade of primary school under two different classes during the 2011-2012 academic year. While the lectures in the class designated as the experiment group were given with computer animation technique, in the class designated as the control group Powerpoint presentations and videos were utilized along with the traditional teaching methods. According to the findings, it was determined that computer animation technique is more effective than traditional teaching methods in terms of enhancing students' achievement. It was also determined in the study that, the Powerpoint presentations and related videos used together with the traditional teaching methods provided to the control group significantly help the students to increase their academic achievement.
New Approach to Estimating Gravity Models with Heteroscedasticity and Zero Trade Values

This paper proposes new estimation techniques for gravity models with zero trade values and heteroscedasticity. We revisit the standard PPML estimator and we propose an improved version. We also propose various Heckman estimators with different distributions of the residuals, nonlinear forms of both selection and measure equations, and various process of the variance. We add to the existent literature alternative estimation methods taking into account the non-linearity of both the variance and the selection equation. Moreover, because of the unavailability of pre-set package in the econometrics software (Stata, Eviews, Matlab, etc.) to perform the estimation of the above-mentioned Heckman versions, we had to code it in Matlab using a combination of fminsearch and fminunc functions. Using numerical gradient matrix G, we report standard errors based on the BHHH technique. The proposed new Heckman version could be used in other applications. Our results suggest that previous empirical studies might be overestimating the contribution of the GDP of both import and export countries in determining the bilateral trade.
Affine projection algorithms for sparse system identification

We propose two versions of affine projection (AP) algorithms tailored for sparse system identification (SSI). Contrary to most adaptive filtering algorithms devised for SSI, which are based on the l1 norm, the proposed algorithms rely on homotopic l0 norm minimization, which has proven to yield better results in some practical contexts. The first proposal is obtained by direct minimization of the AP cost function with a penalty function based on the l0 norm of the coefficient vector, whereas the second algorithm is a simplified version of the first proposal. Simulation results are presented in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms considering three different homotopies to the l0 norm as well as competing algorithms.
Validating timing constraints in multiprocessor and distributed real-time systems

In multiprocessor and distributed real-time systems, scheduling jobs dynamically on processors is likely to achieve better performance. However, analytical and efficient validation methods to determine whether all the timing constraints are met do not exist for systems using modern dynamic scheduling strategies, and exhaustive simulation and testing are unreliable and expensive. This paper describes several worst-case bounds and efficient algorithms for validating systems in which jobs have arbitrary timing constraints and variable execution times and are scheduled on processors dynamically in a priority-driven manner. The special cases of the validation problem considered here are concerned with independent jobs that are (1) preemptable and migratable, or (2) preemptable and nonmigratable, or (3) nonpreemptable. <<ETX>>
Semiflexible Polymers in the Bulk and Confined by Planar Walls

Semiflexible polymers in solution under good solvent conditions can undergo an isotropic-nematic transition. This transition is reminiscent of the well-known entropically-driven transition of hard rods described by Onsager’s theory, but the flexibility of the macromolecules causes specific differences in behavior, such as anomalous long wavelength fluctuations in the ordered phase, which can be understood by the concept of the deflection length. A brief review of the recent progress in the understanding of these problems is given, summarizing results obtained by large-scale molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory. These results include also the interaction of semiflexible polymers with hard walls and the wall-induced nematic order, which can give rise to capillary nematization in thin film geometry. Various earlier theoretical approaches to these problems are briefly mentioned, and an outlook on the status of experiments is given. It is argued that in many cases of interest, it is not possible to describe the scaled densities at the isotropic-nematic transition as functions of the ratio of the contour length and the persistence length alone, but the dependence on the ratio of chain diameter and persistence length also needs to be considered.
Ventilatory function impairment and risk of cardiovascular death and of fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction.

The relationship of ventilatory function to cardiovascular events was studied in 12,511 men and women, enrolled in 1976-1978 in a prospective population study. Until the end of 1983, 388 subjects died because of a cardiovascular disease, 133 died within 30 days of developing myocardial infarction (fatal myocardial infarction), while 238 had a non-fatal myocardial infarction. Cox proportional hazards models were employed for the analysis. In the models including tobacco smoking, cholesterol level, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and body-mass index as covariates, forced expiratory volume in one second in percentage of predicted (FEV1% pred), forced vital capacity in percentage of predicted (FVC% pred), and the ratio between FEV1 and FVC (FEV1/FVC) were significantly related to the risk of cardiovascular death, e.g. compared with subjects with FEV1% pred or FVC% pred greater than or equal to 80 the risk of death from cardiovascular disease among subjects with FEV1% pred or FVC% pred less than 60 was approximately twice as high. There was a nonsignificant trend towards an increased risk of fatal myocardial infarction with reduction of FVC% pred, but in general the regression models did not show consistent relationship between lung function impairment and risk of myocardial infarction. In the regression models, which only included age and sex as covariates, reduced FVC% pred and FEV1% pred were significantly related to both cardiovascular mortality and to fatal myocardial infarction, but not to the non-fatal infarction, whereas the FEV1/FVC ratio was not related to fatal or to non-fatal myocardial infarction. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Association of alkaline-phosphatase-positive reticulum cells in bone marrow with granulocytic precursors

In the bone marrow, an elaborate stroma forms the structural basis of the hemopoietic microenvironment. In this study, two different types of stromal cells were identified with certainty on tissue sections of intact bone marrow of rats and mice using light and electron microscopic histochemistry: (a) a fibroblast-type of reticulum cell which is characterized by having alkaline phosphatase associated with its plasma membrane. We refer to this cell as the alkaline-phosphatase- positive reticulum cell (Al-RC). It is closely associated with granulocytic precursors, particularly myeloblasts and neutrophilic promyelocytes. These reticulum cells may be found throughout the marrow but are concentrated near the endosteum. (b) a macrophage-type of reticulum cell which is characterized by its abundance of lysosomal acid phosphatase and is mainly associated with erythroid precursors (as observed by others). In contrast to the above-mentioned cell type, this latter cell was found to be distributed uniformly throughout the marrow. We speculate that the Al-RC are mesenchymal stromal cells necessary for granulocytic differentiation in bone marrow.
Delirium in older people: an epiphenomenon of incipient death or a separate biological process?

SIR—We thank our colleagues for their comments on our paper [1] and agree that the interactions between fall prevention interventions may depend on the nature of the interventions and the population involved. In our VIP study [2] of fall prevention there was a significant negative interaction (P = 0.016) between the two interventions, home-based exercise and home safety. In our Age & Ageing paper [1], in which we describe the lack of difference in the number of falls prevented by single interventions compared with multifactorial interventions, we have offered some possible explanations for this, such as confusion with advice from different health professionals. This may have been more likely to occur in the VIP trial where both the exercise programme and the home safety programme were delivered at home [2]. In the study by Day et al. [3] there was a group exercise programme away from home and home hazard management at home. In this study most participants rated their health as ‘good to excellent’ whereas participants in the VIP trial were older and had severe visual impairment. Although single interventions may be more cost effective and reach the greatest numbers in population-based fall prevention programmes, clinicians seeing individual patients will advise intervention in a number of areas. We suggest that with individual patients the interventions are introduced only as rapidly as acceptance and adherence allow. The study of Day et al. [3] was not included in our metaanalysis because they used ‘time to first fall’ rather than the total number of falls in their analysis. We would be very interested in the interaction effect in their study using all falls during the trial as the outcome measure. Despite negative interactions in some situations, multifactorial interventions do have benefit. This may not be evident if suboptimal statistical approaches are used. We do not feel there is any justification for researchers now to report ‘time to first fall’ or number of ‘fallers’ rather than the total number of falls as the primary outcome measure in fall prevention trials. Analysis of efficacy using the total number of falls uses information on all fall events, increases the power of the study and has clinical relevance [4]. The loss of power using ‘fallers’ as the outcome measure can be seen by comparing the significant results of our metaanalysis of multifactorial interventions in the community setting [1] with one published concurrently using number of ‘fallers’ as the outcome measure and showing no significant benefit [5]. Such meta-analyses showing no benefit due to lack of statistical power do not help the promotion of falls prevention. This is disappointing when there is clear evidence of significant benefit when comprehensive, clinically important outcome measures are used.
Bmc Medical Informatics and Decision Making Selection of Optimal Recording Sites for Limited Lead Body Surface Potential Mapping: a Sequential Selection Based Approach

Background: In this study we propose the development of a new algorithm for selecting optimal recording sites for limited lead body surface potential mapping. The proposed algorithm differs from previously reported methods in that it is based upon a simple and intuitive data driven technique that does not make any presumptions about deterministic characteristics of the data. It uses a forward selection based search technique to find the best combination of electrocardiographic leads.