Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Faith as a Resource in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated with a Positive Interpretation of Illness and Experience of Gratitude/Awe

The aim of this cross-sectional anonymous survey with standardized questionnaires was to investigate which resources to cope were used by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We focussed on patients' conviction that their faith might be a strong hold in difficult times and on their engagement in different forms of spirituality. Consecutively 213 German patients (75% women; mean age 43 ± 11 years) were enrolled. Fifty-five percent regarded themselves as neither religious nor spiritual (R−S−), while 31% describe themselves as religious. For 29%, faith was a strong hold in difficult times. This resource was neither related to patients' EDSS scores, and life affections, fatigue, negative mood states, life satisfaction nor to Positive attitudes. Instead it was moderately associated with a Reappraisal strategy (i.e., and positive interpretation of illness) and experience of gratitude/awe. Compared to spiritual/religious patients, R−S− individuals had significantly (P < .0001) lower Reappraisal scores and lower engagement in specific forms of spiritual practices. The ability to reflect on what is essential in life, to appreciate and value life, and also the conviction that illness may have meaning and could be regarded as a chance for development was low in R−S− individuals which either may have no specific interest or are less willing to reflect these issues.
Interface element modeling of fracture in aggregate composites

A brittle aggregate composite such as portland cement concrete or mortar is modeled in two dimensions as a system of perfectly rigid particles of various sizes separated by interface layers that are characterized by a given force-displacement relation for the normal and tangential components. The force-displacement relation exhibits for the normal component a tensile strength limit followed by a sudden drop of force to zero. The system of rigid particles is generated randomly. The particles are not allowed to overlap and are generally not in contact; however, when the distance between the particles is less than a certain limit, a deformable interface layer is introduced. Numerical simulation of a fracture specimen with a notch shows that the fracture front consists of an irregular band of interparticle cracks the width of which is about three maximum particle sizes. The interparticle cracks remain continuous and do not coalesce into a continuous line fracture until the deformation is very large. The load-displacement relation exhibits gradual softening after the peak force, with a rapid force decrease followed by a long tail of slowly decreasing force. These features qualitatively agree with observations of concrete.
Crizotinib: A Breakthrough for Targeted Therapies in Lung Cancer

J Adv Pract Oncol 2012;3:267–272 Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States, with approximately 226,160 new cases of lung and bronchial cancer predicted to be diagnosed in 2012, along with approximately 160,340 deaths due to the disease (Siegel, Naishadham, & Jemal, 2012). Worldwide, approximately 1.6 million new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed every year, and 1.38 million deaths were recorded in 2008 (Ferlay et al., 2010). The majority of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are diagnosed with advanced disease, and many patients diagnosed with earlystage disease will have recurrence or develop metastatic disease. Only about 15% of all patients with lung cancer are alive at 5 years or more after diagnosis (National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN], 2011). Early diagnosis and expanded treatment options for lung cancer continue to be a challenge for improving outcomes. Current treatment approaches include surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy regimens are usually reserved for advanced stages of lung cancer in adjuvant or neoadjuvant settings. Non– small cell lung cancer tumors, however, are not sensitive to most chemotherapy regimens, with average response rates ranging from 25% to 30% (NCCN, 2011). New treatment options, both in the areas of nonspecific cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapies, are needed to improve survival in patients with advanced stages of NSCLC. Advances in understanding tumor biology and oncogenes have helped identify several molecular targets in the treatment of NSCLC. Targeted therapies affect proteins that are involved with tumor cell proliferation and lead to growth inhibition and apoptosis. For example, erlotinib (Tarceva), an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, produced responses in a group of patients with NSCLC who were positive for EGFR mutations (Kwak et al., 2010). These findings suggest that patient outcomes can be improved by testing tumor markers for specific mutated pathways and targeting treatment against those pathways.
Fuzzy-Probabilistic Calculations of Evapotranspiration

As a case study, statistics based on monthly and annual climatic data from the Hanford site, Washington, USA, are used as input parameters into calculations of potential evapotranspiration, using the Bair-Robertson, Blaney-Criddle, Caprio, Hargreaves, Hamon, Jensen-Haise, Linacre, Makkink, Penman, Penman-Monteith, Priestly-Taylor, Thornthwaite, and Turc equations. These results are then used for calculations of evapotranspiration based on the modified Budyko (1974) model. Probabilistic calculations are performed using Monte
Is the ‘Globalization’ of Science Always Good for Scientific Productivity and Economic Growth?

Modern science is characterized by an increasing trend in collaborations and interactions among researchers. This paper aims to analyse the effects of this phenomenon on the productivity of the science sector and on the growth rate of the economy. Basic research is modelled as a contest where only those who arrive first at an innovation obtain the reward and where the interactions among researchers do contribute to production of scientific knowledge. An important result is that when interactions are significant multiple steady states emerge. Hence the ‘science globalization’ process could have enhanced the heterogeneity among scientific sectors of different countries. When there are low interactions, policies that increase connectivity could have low or even perverse effect at improving the efficiency of science, the contrary happens in high connectivity environments.
Who is Internationally Diversified? Evidence from 296 401(K)

We examine the international equity allocations of over 3 million individuals in 296 401(k) plans over the 2006-2011 period. These allocations show enormous cross-individual variation, ranging between zero and over 75%, as well as an upward trend that is only partially accounted for by the slight decrease in importance of the US market relative to the world market. International equity allocations also display strong cohort effects, with younger cohorts investing more internationally than older ones, but also each cohort investing more internationally over time. This finding suggests that the home bias phenomenon may slowly disappear over time. Worker’s salary has a positive effect on international allocations, while account balance has a negative one, but these effects are not economically large. Education, financial literacy and the fraction of foreign-born population measured at the zip code level have strong positive effects on international diversification, consistent with familiarity and information stories. In addition, states with more exports have higher international allocations.
Reappraisal and Distraction Emotion Regulation Strategies Are Associated with Distinct Patterns of Visual Attention and Differing Levels of Cognitive Demand

Multiple emotion regulation strategies have been identified and found to differ in their effectiveness at decreasing negative emotions. One reason for this might be that individual strategies are associated with differing levels of cognitive demand and require distinct patterns of visual attention to achieve their effects. In the current study, we tested this hypothesis in a sample of psychiatrically healthy participants (n = 25) who attempted to down-regulate negative emotion to photographs from the International Affective Picture System using cognitive reappraisal or distraction. Eye movements, pupil dilation, and subjective reports of negative emotionality were obtained for reappraisal, distraction, unpleasant passive viewing, and neutral passive viewing conditions. Behavioral results indicated that reappraisal and distraction successfully decreased self-reported negative affect relative to unpleasant passive viewing. Successful down regulation of negative affect was associated with different patterns of visual attention across regulation strategies. During reappraisal, there was an initial increase in dwell time to arousing scene regions and a subsequent shift away from these regions during later portions of the trial, whereas distraction was associated with reduced total dwell time to arousing interest areas throughout the entire stimulus presentation. Pupil dilation was greater for reappraisal than distraction or unpleasant passive viewing, suggesting that reappraisal may recruit more effortful cognitive control processes. Furthermore, greater decreases in self-reported negative emotion were associated with a lower proportion of dwell time within arousing areas of interest. These findings suggest that different emotion regulation strategies necessitate different patterns of visual attention to be effective and that individual differences in visual attention predict the extent to which individuals can successfully decrease negative emotion using reappraisal and distraction.
A frequency-aware data-centric mechanism for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are characterized by their low bandwidth, limited energy, and largely distributed deployment. To reduce the flooding overhead raised by transmitting query and data information, several data-centric storage (DCS) mechanisms are proposed. However, the locations of these data-centric nodes significantly impact the power consumption and efficiency for information queries and storage capabilities, especially in a multi-sink environment. This paper proposes a novel dissemination approach, which is namely the dynamic data-centric routing and storage mechanism (DDCRS), to dynamically determine locations of data-centric nodes according to sink nodes' location and data collecting rate and automatically construct shared paths from data-centric nodes to multiple sinks. To save the power consumption, the data-centric node is changed when new sink nodes participate when the WSNs or some queries change their frequencies. The simulation results reveal that the proposed protocol outperforms existing protocols in terms of power conservation and power balancing. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The proposed dynamic data-centric routing and storage mechanism (DDCRS) considers multiple sinks with different query frequencies. DDCRS dynamically changes the locations of data-centric nodes and constructs shared paths from data-centric node to multiple sinks for energy conservation.
Which Vitamin D in CKD-MBD? The Time of Burning Questions

Vitamin D is a common treatment against secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal patients. However, the rationale for the prescription of vitamin D sterols in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing due to the coexistence of growing expectancies close to unsatisfactory evidences, such as (1) the lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) proving the superiority of any vitamin D sterol against placebo on patients centered outcomes, (2) the scanty clinical data on head to head comparisons between the multiple vitamin D sterols currently available, (3) the absence of RCTs confirming the crescent expectations on nutritional vitamin D pleiotropic effects even in CKD patients, (4) the promising effects of vitamin D receptors activators (VDRA) against proteinuria and myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic CKD cohorts, and (5) the conflicting data on the impact on mortality of VDRA versus calcimimetic centered regimens to control CKD-MBD. The present review arguments these issues focusing on the opened questions that nephrologists should consider dealing with the prescription of nutritional vitamin D or VDRA and with the choice of a VDRA versus a calcimimetic based regimen in CKD-MBD patients.
Leaf Identification Using Feature Extraction and Neural Network

In the world, some important species of plants are going extinct day by day. To control the phenomena, steps are identification, restoring and protecting of the plants. Among them, identification of proper medicinal plants is quite challenging. Usually, plants are identified from their leaves. In this paper, a method is proposed for the extraction of shape features from leaf images. A classifier named as an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained to identify the exact leaf class. It is done to attain high efficiency with less computational complexity. This work has been tested for the accuracy of network with different combination of image features. The results are tested on 80 leaf images. It is revealed that this method give 98.8% accuracy with a minimum of seven input features. This approach is more promising for leaf identification systems that have minimum input and demand less computation time. Neural Network also developed and trained to classify and recognize plants from leaf images. This work is implemented using the image processing and neural network toolboxes in MATLAB.
An unusual case of a ruptured Poly Implant Prothèse breast implant associated with xanthoma

Abstract A suspicious breast mass was intra-operatively found in a female patient previously operated for breast augmentation with the Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP) implants. The neoplasm was verified as xanthoma and an asymptomatic microrupture of PIP was also detected. This report discusses possible association of breast xanthoma with PIP implant rupture.
Event-related potential markers of brain changes in preclinical familial Alzheimer disease

Objectives: Event-related potentials (ERPs) can reflect differences in brain electrophysiology underlying cognitive functions in brain disorders such as dementia and mild cognitive impairment. To identify individuals at risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) we used high-density ERPs to examine brain physiology in young presymptomatic individuals (average age 34.2 years) who carry the E280A mutation in the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) gene and will go on to develop AD around the age of 45. Methods: Twenty-one subjects from a Colombian population with familial AD participated: 10 presymptomatic subjects positive for the PSEN1 mutation (carriers) and 11 siblings without the mutation (controls). Subjects performed a visual recognition memory test while 128-channel ERPs were recorded. Results: Despite identical behavioral performance, PSEN1 mutation carriers showed less positivity in frontal regions and more positivity in occipital regions, compared to controls. These differences were more pronounced during the 200–300 msec period. Discriminant analysis at this time interval showed promising sensitivity (72.7%) and specificity (81.8%) of the ERP measures to predict the presence of AD pathology. Conclusions: Presymptomatic PSEN1 mutation carriers show changes in brain physiology that can be detected by high-density ERPs. The relative differences observed showing greater frontal positivity in controls and greater occipital positivity in carriers indicates that control subjects may use frontally mediated processes to distinguish between studied and unstudied visual items, whereas carriers appear to rely more upon perceptual details of the items to distinguish between them. These findings also demonstrate the potential usefulness of ERP brain correlates as preclinical markers of AD.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Advanced Penile Carcinoma Suggests a High Frequency of Clinically Relevant Genomic Alterations.

BACKGROUND Advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with poor survival due to the aggressiveness of the disease and lack of effective systemic therapies. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed to identify clinically relevant genomic alterations (CRGAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA was extracted from 40 μm of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections in patients with advanced PSCC. CGP was performed on hybridization-captured, adaptor ligation-based libraries to a mean coverage depth of 692× for 3,769 exons of 236 cancer-related genes plus 47 introns from 19 genes frequently rearranged in cancer. CRGAs were defined as genomic alterations (GAs) linked to targeted therapies on the market or under evaluation in mechanism-driven clinical trials. RESULTS Twenty male patients with a median age of 60 years (range, 46-87 years) were assessed. Seventeen (85%) cases were stage IV and three cases (15%) were stage III. CGP revealed 109 GAs (5.45 per tumor), 44 of which were CRGAs (2.2 per tumor). At least one CRGA was detected in 19 (95%) cases, and the most common CRGAs were CDKN2A point mutations and homozygous deletion (40%), NOTCH1 point mutations and rearrangements (25%), PIK3CA point mutations and amplification (25%), EGFR amplification (20%), CCND1 amplification (20%), BRCA2 insertions/deletions (10%), RICTOR amplifications (10%), and FBXW7 point mutations (10%). CONCLUSION CGP identified CRGAs in patients with advanced PSCC, including EGFR amplification and PIK3CA alterations, which can lead to the rational administration of targeted therapy and subsequent benefit for these patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Few treatment options exist for patients with advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). Outcomes are dismal with platinum-based chemotherapy, with median survival estimated at 1 year or less across multiple series. Biological studies of patients with PSCC to date have principally focused on human papillomavirus status, but few studies have elucidated molecular drivers of the disease. To this end, comprehensive genomic profiling was performed in a cohort of 20 patients with advanced PSCC. Findings of frequent mutations in CDKN2A, NOTCH1, PIK3CA, and EGFR (all in excess of 20%) point to potential therapeutic avenues. Trials of targeted therapies directed toward these mutations should be explored.
Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcome of 22 Cases of Primary Hypophysitis

Background Primary hypophysitis causes varying degrees of endocrine dysfunction and mass effect. The natural course and best treatment have not been well established. Methods Medical records of 22 patients who had been diagnosed with primary hypophysitis between January 2001 and March 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Based on the anatomical location, we classified the cases as adenohypophysitis (AH), infundibuloneurohypophysitis (INH), and panhypophysitis (PH). Clinical presentation, endocrine function, pathologic findings, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and treatment courses were reviewed. Results Among 22 patients with primary hypophysitis, 81.8% (18/22) had involvement of the posterior pituitary lobe. Two patients of the AH (2/3, 66.6%) and three patients of the PH (3/10, 30%) groups initially underwent surgical mass reduction. Five patients, including three of the PH (3/10, 33.3%) group and one from each of the AH (1/3, 33.3%) and INH (1/9, 11.1%) groups, initially received high-dose glucocorticoid treatment. Nearly all of the patients treated with surgery or high-dose steroid treatment (9/11, 82%) required continuous hormone replacement during the follow-up period. Twelve patients received no treatment for mass reduction due to the absence of acute symptoms and signs related to a compressive mass effect. Most of them (11/12, 92%) did not show disease progression, and three patients recovered partially from hormone deficiency. Conclusion Deficits of the posterior pituitary were the most common features in our cases of primary hypophysitis. Pituitary endocrine defects responded less favorably to glucocorticoid treatment and surgery. In the absence of symptoms related to mass effect and with the mild defect of endocrine function, it may not require treatment to reduce mass except hormone replacement.
Swift Trust and Distrust In Strategic Partnering Relationships: Key Considerations of Team-Based Designs

We explore the integration of trust and distrust as defined by Lewicki, McAllister,and Bies (1998) with its effects on team-based designs. A hypothetical long-termcontract simulation was used to study trust and distrust through a medium-term,qualitative analysis. Results indicate that teams respond differently to trust anddistrust perceptions in the development of contracts. Discussion of the Lewickiet al. (1998) model demonstrates that while trust served to loosen formalitiesbetween teams and led to higher perceived quality, the presence of distrust led tothe development of competition between teams, higher inter-team accountabilityand lesser perceived quality.
Georgia Elementary Principals' Role Perceptions: The Initial Phase of the A+ Act

GEORGIA ELEMENTARY PRINCIPALS' ROLE PERCEPTIONS: THE INITIAL PHASE OF THE A+ ACT December 2001 AMY Z. WRIGHT B.S.ED. AUGUSTA COLLEGE M.ED. AUGUSTA COLLEGE ED. S. AUGUSTA COLLEGE Directed by: Dr. Michael W. Richardson The study explored the role of the Georgia elementary principal as the initial phase of comprehensive educational reform was implemented in the state. The study examined 320 principals' personal and professional demographics, role change as a result of implementation of selected law components, and district support during the transition phase. The study employed a descriptive, survey approach to address the research questions. A self-designed survey questionnaire was developed to explore principals' perceptions of role change during restructuring, and included both a qualitative and quantitative orientation. Findings indicated that the majority of the 320 Georgia elementary principals who responded to the survey were 46-55 year old females who worked in suburban areas of
Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - II. Combined lensing and dynamics analysis of early-type galaxies at z = 0.08-0.33

We present the first detailed analysis of the mass and dynamical structure of a sample of six early-type lens galaxies, selected from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey, in the redshift range 0.08 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 0.33. Both Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) high-resolution imaging and Very Large Telescope Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph (VIMOS) integral-field spectroscopy are available for these systems. The galaxies are modelled - under the assumptions of axial symmetry and two-integral stellar distribution function - by making use of the CAULDRON code, which self-consistently combines gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics and is fully embedded within the framework of Bayesian statistics. The principal results of this study are: (i) all galaxies in the sample are well described by a simple axisymmetric power-law profile for the total density, with a logarithmic slope gamma' very close to isothermal ( = 1.98 +/- 0.05 and an intrinsic spread close to 5 per cent) showing no evidence of evolution over the probed range of redshift; (ii) the axial ratio of the total density distribution is rounder than 0.65 and in all cases, except for a fast rotator, does not deviate significantly from the flattening of the intrinsic stellar distribution; (iii) the dark matter fraction within the effective radius has a lower limit of about 15-30 per cent; (iv) the sample galaxies are only mildly anisotropic, with vertical bar delta vertical bar