Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal LCL filter design for 3-phase Space Vector PWM rectifiers on variable frequency aircraft power system

Regulations restrict the harmonics permitted on civil aircraft electrical power supplies. However, the More Electric Aircraft (MEA) will see a significant increase in high switching frequency power electronic conversion which may include 3-phase active PWM rectifiers. This paper describes an optimal LCL filter design method for 3-phase 2-level active rectifiers affixed to a variable frequency grid. The current harmonics for both synchronous and asynchronous Space Vector PWM are analytically calculated. A search method is used to find the optimal filter solution to meet the RTCA DO-160E harmonic specifications for variable grid frequency from 360Hz to 800Hz.
GREENHOUSE CLIMATE MODELS: AN OVERVIEW

Greenhouse climate and crop models are essential for improving environmental management and control efficiencies. In this paper, are described several types of models that could be used to simulate and predict the greenhouse environment, as well as the tuning methods to compute their parameters. This study focuses on the dynamical behaviours of the inside air temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration models and their domains of application. Linear and non- linear models will be covered, focusing on issues such as: physical models, black-box models, and neural networks models. Several experiments will be presented to illustrate the performance of each model in the simulation and prediction of the greenhouse climate. The models are described as functions of the outside climate, the control actions performed and the transpiration and photosynthesis responses of the plants. The data used to compute the simulation models were acquired in an experimental greenhouse using a sampling time interval of 1 minute. The greenhouse is automated with several actuators and sensors that are connected to an acquisition and control system based on a personal computer.
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The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Abstract This paper develops a new theory of fluctuations—one that helps accommodate the notions of " animal spirits " and " market sentiment " in unique-equilibrium, rational-expectations, macroeconomic models. To this goal, we limit the communication that is embedded in a neoclassical economy by allowing trading to be random and decentralized. We then show that the business cycle may be driven by a certain type of extrinsic shocks which we call sentiments. These shocks formalize shifts in expectations of economic activity without shifts in the underlying preferences and technologies; they are akin to sunspots, but operate in unique-equilibrium models. We further show how communication may help propagate these shocks in a way that resembles the spread of fads and rumors and that gives rise to boom-and-bust phenomena. We finally illustrate the quantitative potential of our insights within a variant of the RBC model. * This paper supersedes earlier working papers that circulated in 2008 and 2011 under the titles " Sentiments " and " Decentralization, Communication and the Origins of Fluctuation ". For stimulating discussions and feedback, we are grateful to colleagues and to seminar participants conference discussions of our paper, and to Rochelle Edge, Refet Gürkaynak and Burçin Kisacikoğlu for sharing their data with us. Last but certainly not least, we are grateful to the editor, Stephen Morris, and to four anonymous referees, for constructive criticisms and detailed suggestions that greatly improved the paper.
Context effects of background babbling on memory for melodies

Disruptive effects of background noise on memory have been thoroughly investigated. Potential beneficial context effects of background noise on memory, however, have received far less attention. Here, we explore whether and how unintelligible multiple talker background babbling affects melody recognition. Participants continuously listened to melodies, each of which appeared twice during the experiment. After each melody participants were asked to indicate whether they had heard the melody previously in the experiment. The presence or absence of background noise during first or second melody presentation was manipulated in four conditions (Clear-Clear, Clear-Noise, Noise-Clear, Noise-Noise). We measured recognition performance as well as cumulative disruptive interference between first and second melody presentation. Mixed effects models revealed that recognition in Clear-Clear was significantly better compared to Noise-Clear and Noise-Noise, but not compared to Clear-Noise. Clear-Noise showed descriptively better recognition performance than Noise-Noise, however this comparison did not reach statistical significance. Recognition performance in Clear-Noise was significantly better than in Noise-Clear, suggesting that noise during encoding affects recognition performance more strongly than noise during retrieval. Furthermore, cumulative disruptive interference was stronger in mismatching contexts. Our results suggest that if possible, background noise should be avoided as it negatively affects memory performance. However, if encoding is likely to take place in a noisy environment, then presenting background noise during retrieval may be beneficial. This is because matching background noise during encoding and retrievals appears to reduce cumulative disruptive interference.
On the uniform asymptotic validity of subsampling and the bootstrap

This paper provides conditions under which subsampling and the bootstrap can be used to construct estimators of the quantiles of the distribution of a root that behave well uniformly over a large class of distributions $\mathbf{P}$. These results are then applied (i) to construct confidence regions that behave well uniformly over $\mathbf{P}$ in the sense that the coverage probability tends to at least the nominal level uniformly over $\mathbf{P}$ and (ii) to construct tests that behave well uniformly over $\mathbf{P}$ in the sense that the size tends to no greater than the nominal level uniformly over $\mathbf{P}$. Without these stronger notions of convergence, the asymptotic approximations to the coverage probability or size may be poor, even in very large samples. Specific applications include the multivariate mean, testing moment inequalities, multiple testing, the empirical process and U-statistics.
Correlates and Longitudinal Renal and Cardiovascular Implications of FGF23 Levels in HIV-Positive Individuals

Fibroblast growth factor23 (FGF23), an early marker of kidney dysfunction, is associated with cardiovascular death. Its role in HIV-positive individuals is unknown. We measured FGF23 in 100 HIV-negative and 191 HIV-positive nondiabetic adults with normal baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We measured GFR by iohexol annually, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) every 6 months, as well as pulse wave velocity, carotid plaque, and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) at baseline and 2 years. Progressive albuminuria was defined as follow-up ACR ≥2-fold than baseline and ≥30 mg/g. Regression models assessed associations of FGF23 with baseline factors and longitudinal changes in disease markers. FGF23 levels were similar in HIV serostatus. Among HIV-positive persons, factors independently associated with higher baseline FGF23 levels included female (adjusted ratio of geometric means [95% CI],1.46 [1.21,1.76]), serum phosphorus (1.20 [1.03,1.40]), HCV (1.31 [1.10,1.56]) and non-suppressed HIV RNA (1.27 [1.01,1.76]). At baseline, FGF23 was not associated with GFR, albuminuria, carotid plaque, or carotid IMT in cross-sectionally adjusted analysis of HIV-positive individuals. However, higher baseline FGF23 was associated with progressive albuminuria (odds ratio1.48 [95% CI]:1.05,2.08) and a more rapid increase in IMT (13 μm/year, 95% CI,3,24). These findings suggest a role for FGF23 in HIV-positive populations in identifying patients at greater risk for cardiovascular and kidney disease.
Can you hear me now? The moderating effects of procedural justice within consumer-brand relationships

Consumer-brand relationships have led consumers to expect fair outcomes (i.e., distributive justice) consistent with their relationship norms with a brand. Deviation from these norms produced intuitive consequences such as a reduction of consumer loyalty and trust towards the brand. Yet, 65-85% of consumers still counterintuitively defect to a brand’s competitor. According to consumers, aspects of procedural justice qualitatively appeared to be major components that affected their attitudes towards brands. However, the effect of this construct within relationship norms has been underexamined, producing an empirical gap. The purpose of this dissertation was to bridge this gap by identifying the effect procedural justice has on consumer loyalty and trust within different consumer-brand relationships. In pursuit of this purpose, three studies were conducted. The first two studies examined how consumer-brand relationships influenced the perception of procedural justice. Study 1 replicated previous research. Procedural justice affected participants’ loyalty and trust similarly, while distributive justice affected them depending on their relationship with a brand. Study 2 addressed limitations within Study 1 and produced conflicting results. Study 2 found that positive brand relationships were associated with a larger change in loyalty and trust as perceptions of procedural justice increased compared to negative relationships. To address the conflicting evidence of Study 1 and Study 2, Study 3 examined initial and post consumers’ expectations of consistent or inconsistent procedural information in relation to their brand relationship to produce changes in consumer loyalty and trust. Inconsistent performance of procedural justice resulted in no change in consumer loyalty and trust. Yet regular performance of these inconsistent procedural actions resulted in reduced consumer loyalty and trust within positive brand relationships. Study 3 conceptually replicated both Study 1 and Study 2 by highlighting how procedural justice was initially discounted by consumers but was used to help maintain or adjust consumers’ relationship with a brand across many encounters with a positive CBR brand. Thus, the results of this dissertation have contributed and extended empirical knowledge within two separate areas of research while also providing evidence which accounted for previously unexpected changes in consumer behaviors and attitudes.
Does Evidence Support the American Heart Association's Recommendation to Screen Patients for Depression in Cardiovascular Care? An Updated Systematic Review

Objectives To systematically review evidence on depression screening in coronary heart disease (CHD) by assessing the (1) accuracy of screening tools; (2) effectiveness of treatment; and (3) effect of screening on depression outcomes. Background A 2008 American Heart Association (AHA) Science Advisory recommended routine depression screening in CHD. Methods CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, ISI, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS databases searched through December 2, 2011; manual journal searches; reference lists; citation tracking; trial registries. Included articles (1) compared a depression screening instrument to a depression diagnosis; (2) compared depression treatment to placebo or usual care in a randomized controlled trial (RCT); or (3) assessed the effect of screening on depression outcomes in a RCT. Results There were few examples of screening tools with good sensitivity and specificity using a priori-defined cutoffs in more than one patient sample among 15 screening accuracy studies. Depression treatment with antidepressants or psychotherapy generated modest symptom reductions among post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) and stable CHD patients (N = 6; effect size = 0.20–0.38), but antidepressants did not improve symptoms more than placebo in 2 heart failure (HF) trials. Depression treatment did not improve cardiac outcomes. No RCTs investigated the effects of screening on depression outcomes. Conclusions There is evidence that treatment of depression results in modest improvement in depressive symptoms in post-MI and stable CHD patients, although not in HF patients. There is still no evidence that routine screening for depression improves depression or cardiac outcomes. The AHA Science Advisory on depression screening should be revised to reflect this lack of evidence.
Examining positive and negative perceptions of older workers: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE This article presents an updated meta-analysis of field and laboratory studies that examine the influence of age on a number of evaluative workplace outcomes (advancement, selection, general evaluations, interpersonal skills, and reliability). Method. A random effects meta-analytic procedure was used. RESULTS In line with the perspective that perceptions of older workers are multidimensional, the observed meta-analytic correlations indicate that age has medium-sized negative effects on majority of the outcomes investigated (r(advancement) = -. 21, r(selection) = -. 30, r(general evaluations) = -. 24, and r(interpersonal skills) = -. 23, and a medium-sized positive effect on perceptions of reliability (r(reliability) = . 31). Additionally, evidence of moderation by study design for the selection outcome is presented, such that within-subjects designs elicit stronger effects of age than between-subjects designs. Discussion. The present study demonstrates that it is likely that older workers are not viewed entirely negatively or entirely positively in the workplace; rather, the perceptions of older workers are more are varied, and even positive in some cases.
Different systems, same inequalities? Post-compulsory education and young adults’ literacy in 18 OECD countries

Education is increasingly seen as a substitute for social policy, but opportunities for skill development vary by social background and educational institutions are not neutral in this respect. While previous research has extensively examined how schooling affects skills distribution, the role of post-compulsory education has been long overlooked. Using data from the 2011/2012 Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competences, this article investigates how selected features of upper secondary and tertiary education are connected to the social stratification of young adults’ literacy skills in 18 OECD countries. First, I use individual-level regressions to assess the extent to which disparities in the skills of 24- to 29-year-old individuals are explained by parental education in each country. Second, I apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis across countries to investigate under which institutional conditions the social stratification of young adults’ literacy skills is most severe. The findings point to the existence of functionally equivalent education regimes: young adults face severe disparities not only in socially selective higher education systems but also in relatively open systems characterized by institutional differentiation; moreover, disparities arising during compulsory schooling are consequential for the skill distribution of young adults, underscoring the importance of a life-course approach to education policies.
The MiRP2-Kv3.4 Potassium Channel: Muscling In on Alzheimer's Disease

In this issue of Molecular Pharmacology (p. 665), Pannacione et al. provide evidence of a role for the voltage-gated potassium channel α subunit Kv3.4 and its ancillary subunit MiRP2 in β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide-mediated neuronal death. The MiRP2-Kv3.4 channel complex—previously found to be important in skeletal myocyte physiology—is now argued to be a molecular correlate of the transient outward potassium current up-regulated by Aβ peptide, considered a significant step in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. The authors conclude that MiRP2 and Kv3.4 are up-regulated by Aβ peptide in a nuclear factor κB-dependent fashion at the transcriptional level, and the sea anemone toxin BDS-I is shown to protect against Aβ peptide-mediated cell death by specific blockade of Kv3.4-generated current. The findings lend weight to the premise that specific channels, such as MiRP2-Kv3.4, could hold promise as future therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease and potentially other neurodegenerative disorders.
Protein function prediction based on physiochemical properties and protein granularity

Assigning biological function to uncharacterized proteins is a fundamental problem in the post-genomic age. The increasing availability of large amounts of data on protein sequences has led to the emergence of developing effective computational methods for quickly and accurately predicting their functions. In this work, we extract 353 numerical features from sequences based not only on physiochemical properties but also on protein granularity. A tool in exploratory data analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), is applied to obtain an optimized feature set by excluding poor-performed or redundant features, resulting in 204 remaining features. Then the optimized 204-feature subset is used to predict protein function with k-nearest neighbors algorithm (KNN). This prediction model achieves an overall accurate prediction rate of 84.6%. The experiment results show that our approach is quite efficient to predict functional class of unknown proteins.
300 Million Clicks and Political Engagement via Facebook in the 2016 American Presidential Election: How Online Activity Changes Across Time and Sources

News media set an agenda of salient topics for the public, especially during a presidential election. The importance of the media has not decreased with the increase in media choice and growth of social network sites such as Facebook. Instead, social media provide additional opportunities for scholars to observe how individuals are following news content and engaging politically. News content is often distributed through social media platforms where citizens respond and react to cues about the importance of events or stories. Through the collection and analysis of all Facebook posts and their metadata from 8 prominent Facebook pages, this study tracks the changes in Facebook users’ engagement over the course of the 2016 campaign using multilevel spline regression. We extend prior research by examining traditional campaign events as well as partisan scandals across a variety of organization types. Engagement does vary from July to November, and we find source characteristics drive attention at specific phases of the campaign.
Topology and geometry of the CfA2 redshift survey

We analyse the redshift space topology and geometry of the nearby Universe by computing the Minkowski functionals of the Updated Zwicky Catalogue (UZC). The UZC contains the redshifts of almost 20 000 galaxies, is 96 per cent complete to the limiting magnitude mZw=15.5, and includes the Center for Astrophysics (CfA) Redshift Survey (CfA2). From the UZC we can extract volume-limited samples reaching a depth of 70 h−1 Mpc before sparse sampling dominates. We quantify the shape of the large-scale galaxy distribution by deriving measures of planarity and filamentarity from the Minkowski functionals. The nearby Universe shows a large degree of planarity and a small degree of filamentarity. This quantifies the sheet-like structure of the Great Wall, which dominates the northern region (CfA2N) of the UZC. We compare these results with redshift space mock catalogues constructed from high-resolution N-body simulations of two cold dark matter (CDM) models with either a decaying massive neutrino (τCDM) or a non-zero cosmological constant (ΛCDM). We use semi-analytic modelling to form and evolve galaxies in these dark matter-only simulations. We are thus able, for the first time, to compile redshift space mock catalogues which contain galaxies, along with their observable properties, rather than dark matter particles alone. In both models the large-scale galaxy distribution is less coherent than the observed distribution, especially with regard to the large degree of planarity of the real survey. However, given the small volume of the region studied, this disagreement can still be a result of cosmic variance, as shown by the agreement between the ΛCDM model and the southern region of CfA2.
A randomized study of KRAS-guided maintenance therapy with bevacizumab, erlotinib or metronomic capecitabine after first-line induction treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: the Nordic ACT2 trial.

BACKGROUND Maintenance treatment (mt) with bevacizumab (bev) ± erlotinib (erlo) has modest effect after induction chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We hypothesized the efficacy of erlo to be dependent on KRAS mutational status and investigated this by exploring mt strategies with bev ± erlo and low-dose capecitabine (cap). PATIENTS AND METHODS Included patients had mCRC scheduled for first-line therapy, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0-1 and no major comorbidities. Treatment with XELOX/FOLFOX or XELIRI/FOLFIRI + bev was given for 18 weeks. After induction, patients without progression were eligible for randomization to mt; KRAS wild-type (wt) patients were randomized to bev ± erlo (arms wt-BE, N = 36 versus wt-B, N = 35), KRAS mutated (mut) patients were randomized to bev or metronomic cap (arms mut-B, N = 34 versus mut-C, N = 33). Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) rate (PFSr) at 3 months after start of mt. A pooled analysis of KRAS wt patients from the previous ACT study was performed. RESULTS We included 233 patients. Median age was 64 years, 62% male, 68% ECOG 0, 52% with primary tumor in situ. A total of 138 patients started mt after randomization. PFSr was 64.7% versus 63.6% in wt-B versus wt-BE, P = 1.000; and 75% versus 66.7% in mut-B versus mut-C, P = 0.579, with no significant difference in median PFS and overall survival (OS). In the pooled cohort, median PFS was 3.7 months in wt-B (N = 64) and 5.7 months in wt-BE (N = 62) (hazard ratios 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.70-1.50, P = 0.867). The frequency of any grade 3/4 toxicities during mt was: 28%/58%/18%/15% (wt-B/wt-BE/mut-B/mut-C). CONCLUSIONS Addition of erlo to bev as mt in KRAS wt mCRC did not significantly improve PFS or OS, but it did increase toxicity. KRAS status does not seem to influence the outcome of treatment with erlotinib. Metronomic cap warrants further investigation in mt strategies, given our explorative results. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NCT01229813.
Treatment of Complete Persistent Sciatic Artery with Distal Thromboembolism by Thromboembolectomy Only

A persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is very rare congenital vascular anomaly which is present in 0.025% to 0.04% of the population by an angiographic study. A PSA is usually combined with aneurismal disease or thromboembolic events because of its arteriosclerosis and vessel wall degeneration. The treatments of symptomatic PSA are comprised of exclusion of PSA from circulation and bypass surgery for the lower limb. However, surgical treatment should be tailored to its anatomy and presentation. We report a successful treatment of PSA with distal thromboembolism by thromboembolectomy without bypass surgery.