Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crime News: The Fascination of the Mundane

This article firstly presents a brief summary of a study done on the crime coverage in eight Swedish dailies over a twelve-month period. The article then asks why such material holds readers' interests, and this leads to a methodological discussion of interpretive analysis. An important feature of news texts, their thematic infrastructure, is seen as a key to their `transcontextual' character. This allows the meaning of the stories to be readily transposed from the public world to one or more of the many microcosms which constitute the everyday lives of newspaper readers.
An examination of the influences on ‘green’ mobile phone purchases among young business students: an empirical analysis

This article examines the determinants of eco-friendly electronic good consumption among students at a large Australian university who have been exposed to a marketing campaign, Mobile Muster. Empirical research generally shows younger consumers to be less concerned about the environment. Similar studies demonstrate that peer pressure has a large role to play. Accordingly, using the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior, this study examines subjective norms, attitudes, perceived control, environmental concern, altruism, risk aversion, price consciousness, involvement, branding, environmental knowledge, and their relationship with purchase intentions. It is the first study to examine these effects on the purchase of eco-friendly phones, a product of high personal relevance to these consumers. Mediation effects were also assessed. Results showed that subjective norms (friends/experts) can increase intentions and mediate the relationship between information and intentions. Involvement emerged as a significant influencer on intentions, presenting new findings for the literature. Moreover, higher levels of objective knowledge increased intentions. This supported the significant role of the Mobile Muster scheme in dispersing knowledge. These findings are of practical value to educators, allowing them to determine factors that influence consumer knowledge and norms with the aim of enabling students to form more ecological relevant purchase intentions.
The Smell of Bias: What Instigates Correction Processes in Social Judgments?

Participants were either informed that contextual influences bias their judgment and asked to correct for the unspecified influence (blatant warning) or they were instructed that they should correct for the unspecified influence if they felt that there may be biasing influences (conditional warning). Whereas blatantly warned participants corrected under all conditions (Study 2), conditionally warned participants corrected their judgments when the source of bias was salient but not when the source was subtle (Studies 1 to 3). Implications for models of theory-driven correction are discussed.
EARLY EDEMATOUS LESION OF PYRITHIAMINE INDUCED ACUTE THIAMINE DEFICIENT ENCEPHALOPATHY IN THE MOUSE

Pyrithiamine induced acute thiamine deficient encephalopathy in the mouse is one of the possible animal models of human Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. In this experiment, the adult male Swiss Mice, treated with a daily subcutaneous injection of pyrithiamine in conjunction with a thiamine deficient diet, abruptly developed unique encephalopathic signs on day 10. In the animals sacrificed immediately after the onset of the disease, the gross examination of the brains revealed a small number of minute hemorrhagic lesions in the thalamus, mammilary bodies and pontine tegmentum, including the medial and lateral vestibular nuclei. When spared the hemorrhage, these regions appear intact grossly and in paraffin sections, but were found to be significantly altered in Epon sections. In semithin Epon sections of the pontine tegmentum, there was edematous swelling of all the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and occasional myelin sheaths. By electron microscopy, the edema of astrocytes involved both nucleus and cytoplasm extensively. The oligodendroglial edema was severe in the peripheral cytoplasm, particularly in the inner loops of the myelin sheaths and only moderately in the nuclei, perinuclear cytoplasm and outer loops. Disintegration of the myelin lamellae occurred when edema of the inner loops had advanced. The axis cylinders surrounded by the edematous loops were essentially intact. In contrast to such glial cell damage, the nerve cells and blood vessels were not altered. These findings suggest that (1) astroglia and oligodendroglia are the cells most sensitive to thiamine deficiency and (2) the resultant glial cell injury is the initial change of thiamine deficient encephalopathy in man and in experimental animals.
Child and Adult Sensitivity to Gender Information in Patterns of Facial Motion

Sixty 5-year-olds and 120 adults participated in research that examined the development of sensitivity to gender information in patterns of facial motion. Subjects were asked to identify the gender of static or dynamic versions of point-light stimulus faces. The dynamic facial displays were filmed either while the stimulus recited the alphabet or while they were engaged in an interaction. Although adults' levels of identification accuracy were greater than those obtained by children, both age groups were able to identify the gender of dynamic facial displays at greater than chance levels. However, adults were able to identify the gender of both reciting and interacting faces, whereas children could only discriminate sex at greater than chance levels when observing interacting faces.
The demands—control model of job strain: A more specific test

Karasek (1979) proposed that job demands and decision latitude interact to cause psychological strain. Main effects of these job variables on strain have been often found, but the predicted interaction between them has been less consistently demonstrated. We argue that this lack of support results from inadequate specification and operationalization of the independent variables. In particular, most empirical tests of the interaction have been based on a general measure of decision latitude which encompasses a wide range of job properties including control, task variety and learning opportunities. Yet, theoretically, it is control which is the crucial factor. In this study we used more focused measures of demands and control, with a sample of 1451 manufacturing employees, and found clear evidence of the predicted interaction effect. Parallel analyses using a measure of decision latitude rather than of job control did not show an equivalent effect. It is recommended that greater attention be paid to congruence between theory and measurement.
The Social Construction of Reality

1. The Reality of Everyday Life  Consciousness is always intentional  Regardless of being part of an external physical world or an inward subjective reality (panorama of New York v. inner anxiety)  Different objects present themselves as constituents of different spheres of reality  Conscious of the world as consisting of multiple realities (people in dreams v. people in the workplace)  One reality is par excellence – the reality of everyday life  Tension of consciousness is highest in this reality  Impossible to ignore  Wide-awake state of existing is taken as normal and self-evident  Reality of everyday life is an ordered reality  Appears already objectified  Language used in everyday life objectifies the order in which things make sense and within which these things have meaning to me  Language marks the coordinates of life The natural attitude is the attitude of common sense consciousness precisely because it refers to a world that is common to many men. Commonsense knowledge is knowledge we share with others in the normal, self-evident routines of everyday life Everyday life is divided into sectors that are apprehended routinely, and others that present with problems of one kind or another. 2. Social Interaction in Everyday Life  The face-to-face situation  The " here and now " of two individuals continuously impinge on each other  Continuous interchange of expressivity causes the other's subjectivity to be emphatically close  The other is fully real as part of the overall reality of everyday life  real without face-to-face interaction through correspondence, reputation, and say  in the fullest sense only with face-to-face interaction  My subjectivity is available to me in a way his never can be  past available through memory in fullness  " better knowledge " through reflection  Relations with others are highly flexible
Biofilm Production and Susceptibility Among Candida albicans Isolates from Various Clinical Sites

Candida albicans exists as a commensal in healthy adults but is one of the most common causes of fungal infections in the United States. Candida is known to form biofilms (highly organized networks of cells adherent to a surface) on foreign devices and host tissues; infections associated with these structures are associated with increased virulence and drug resistance. However, the in vitro methods of growth and quantification used to assess these characteristics are poorly standardized. In vitro studies suggest minor alterations in growth conditions can drastically affect resultant structures. This project seeks to determine the best methods for biofilm growth and analysis. Utilizing these methods, this study examines whether biofilm production of clinical Candida albicans isolates varies based on conditions of clinical collection, namely the presence or absence of a urinary or bloodstream catheter at time collection and clinical collection site. Additionally, the relationship between extent of biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility will be examined. Eighteen bloodstream (n=10) or urine (n=8) clinical isolates, with (n=9) and without (n=9) a catheter present, will be exposed to urinary catheters and allowed to grow. Resultant biofilm will be quantified using four reported methods: biomass by crystal violet and dry weight, and metabolic activity of free-floating (planktonic) and adherent (sessile) cells, separately. Sessile bioactivity was the most reliable of tested methods, and dry weight was the least. Methods of quantification did not correlate well. Based on reproducibility and correlation, crystal violet and sessile metabolic activity, used together, provide a good indication as to the extent of biofilm production of clinical isolates. Biofilm production did not vary for isolates based on catheter presence or clinical site at time of collection, suggesting biofilm is capable of forming under many clinical conditions. Antifungal susceptibility testing of adherent biofilms showed increased minimum inhibitory concentrations to amphotericin B and fluconazole, with minor increases for caspofungin. There was no difference in drug susceptibility by catheter association or collection site. Biofilm susceptibility is warranted in the clinic; however, quantification methods described here are both labor- and time-consuming. Future studies are needed to develop new methods of quantification.
STRUCTURE OF THE BLACK HOLE'S CAUCHY-HORIZON SINGULARITY

We study the Cauchy-horizon (CH) singularity of a spherical charged black hole perturbed nonlinearly by a self-gravitating massless scalar field. We show numerically that the singularity is weak both at the early and at the late sections of the CH, where the focusing of the area coordinate r is strong. In the early section the metric is almost Reissner-Nordstr{umlt o}m, and the fields behave according to perturbation analysis. We find exact analytical expressions for the gradients of r and of the scalar field, which are valid at both sections. We then verify these analytical results numerically. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Persistence of genetic damage in mice exposed to low dose of X rays

Purpose: The aim of this work was to evaluate the persistence of genetic damage in CBA/J mice treated with a single irradiation of 0.1 or 1 Gy of X rays. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood was collected from irradiated and control mice after 30 min, 24 h, 7 days, 1, 3 and 6 months from exposure and analysed by comet assay. To investigate if the whole-body irradiation affect DNA repair, half of the sampled blood cells were in vitro-irradiated with additional 4 Gy and immediately analysed. Six months from exposure haematopoietic organs were sampled for measuring apoptotic index. Results: In mice exposed to 1 Gy genetic damage was initially high and decreased during the experimental-time, while in the 0.1 Gy group damage, at first low, persisted and slightly increased. The 0.1 Gy-irradiated mice showed also a time-dependent increasing sensitivity to the in vitro-irradiation. Six months after whole-body irradiation, the percentage of apoptotic cells observed in haematopoietic compartments from 0.1 Gy-irradiated mice was significantly higher compared to controls and to 1 Gy mice. Conclusions: Results demonstrated that a single exposure to low-dose might induce long-term damage. Persistence of genetic damage might have relevant implications for estimating risk for low doses.
Predictors of first incidence of alcohol use disorders in the Lundby cohort from 1947-1997

Mattisson, C. , Bogren, M. , Horstmann, V. , & Ojesjo, L. (2014). Predictors of first incidence of alcohol use disorders in the Lundby cohort from 1947-1997. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3 (4), 257-267. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i4. 185 Objective: Epidemiological evidence indicates an inverse relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), although there are relatively few recent incidence studies. The present study aimed to assess the incidence of AUD by age, gender and SES and to analyse AUD’s association with mental disorder. Method: Information about mental disorders, including first incidence cases of AUD, was assessed in the Lundby cohort ( n =3,563) by field investigations in 1947, 1957, 1972 and 1997. Incidence calculations were based on 3,372 individuals without prior AUD. For the two genders, age-standardised incidences of AUD for the 25-year periods of 1947-1972 and 1972-1997 were compared. Possible risk factors for incident AUD were analysed by means of Cox regression analyses for the whole sample and for each sex separately. Results: A total of 233 first incidence AUD cases were detected (198 males, 35 females. Incidence rates, expressed as number of cases per 1000 person years, were highest for working class males at 5.46 cases per 1000 person years for the period 1 of July 1947, to 30 June 1972 and 4.77 for the period 1 of July 1972 to 30 June 1997, respectively. Middle class males showed intermediate incidence rates of 2.73 and 2.65. Self-employed males showed the lowest incidence rates of 2.50 and 1.47. Females generally had much lower incidence, although they showed a non-significant tendency for higher incidence rates in the latter period. A diagnosis of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders and unspecific neurotic states increased the risk for developing first incident AUD. Conclusion: Working class males had higher annual incidence of alcoholism in both time periods relative to middle class and self-employed males. Mental disorder increased the risk for AUD among both genders.
Impression Management Strategies and Performance in Information Technology Consulting

This study examined the extent to which subordinates’ and superiors’ perceptions of the five basic impression-management strategies of ingratiation, self-promotion, intimidation, exemplification, and supplication were associated with the self-awareness and performance of 83 information technology consulting managers. Self-awareness was operationalized by categorizing managers as over-estimators, underestimators, in-agreement/poor, or in-agreement/good based on the difference between the manager’s and his or her subordinates’ rating of the manager’s charismatic leadership. Results of multivariate analysis of covariance indicated that according to subordinates, overestimators used less ingratiation and exemplification and more intimidation than underestimators or those in-agreement. According to superiors, overestimators used more intimidation than underestimators and in-agreement/poor managers, whereas in-agree-ment/poor managers used more supplication and less exemplification than underestimators and in-agreement/good managers. In-agreement/good managers outperformed overestimators and in-agreement/poor managers.
Application of POD and DEIM on dimension reduction of non-linear miscible viscous fingering in porous media

A discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) is applied in conjunction with proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to construct a non-linear reduced-order model of a finite difference discretized system used in the simulation of non-linear miscible viscous fingering in a 2-D porous medium. POD is first applied to extract a low-dimensional basis that optimally captures the dominant characteristics of the system trajectory. This basis is then used in a Galerkin projection scheme to construct a reduced-order system. DEIM is then applied to greatly improve the efficiency in computing the projected non-linear terms in the POD reduced system. DEIM achieves a complexity reduction of the non-linearities, which is proportional to the number of reduced variables, whereas POD retains a complexity proportional to the original number of variables. Numerical results demonstrate that the dynamics of the viscous fingering in the full-order system of dimension 15,000 can be captured accurately by the POD–DEIM reduced system of dimension 40 with the computational time reduced by factor of .
Delusions of Pregnancy in Saudi Arabia: A Socio-Cultural Perspective

Delusion of pregnancy is an uncommon symptom that has been reported in both male and female patients who suffer from a variety of organic and functional psychiatric disorders. This study describes seven Saudi females who developed this symptom during the course of chronic schizophrenia (n= 5) and mood disorders (n= 2). This symptom serves multiple socio-cultural functions, which are described.
The politics of the English language in Zimbabwe

This article explores the politics of the English language in Zimbabwe, as reflected in the country's language policy, language practices and language scholarship. English is the country's sole official language. The majority of Zimbabweans who speak it learn it as an additional language. Those who are incompetent in it are disadvantaged because the language is the main medium of instruction throughout the education system, a measure of educational achievement and an important qualification for higher education and employment. With notable exceptions, mainstream language planning scholarship regards English as the medium of oppression and a killer language as far as indigenous languages are concerned, subsequently pushing for the status elevation and development of the latter as the only possible solution to the country's language problems. The authors suggest that a multilingual language policy will also need to devise strategies of directly addressing problems associated with English, in addition to promoting indigenous languages as alternatives.
What is rehabilitation potential? Development of a theoretical model through the accounts of healthcare professionals working in stroke rehabilitation services

Abstract Introduction: Multi-disciplinary team members predict each patient’s rehabilitation potential to maximise best use of resources. A lack of underpinning theory about rehabilitation potential makes it difficult to apply this concept in clinical practice. This study theorises about rehabilitation potential drawing on everyday decision-making by Health Care Professionals (HCPs) working in stroke rehabilitation services. Methods: A clinical scenario, checked for face validity, was used in two focus groups to explore meaning and practice around rehabilitation potential. Participants were 12 HCPs working across the stroke pathway. Groups were co-facilitated, audio-recorded and fully transcribed. Analysis paid attention to data grounded in first-hand experience, convergence within and across groups and constructed a conceptual overview of HCPs’ judgements about rehabilitation potential. Results: Rehabilitation potential is predicted by observations of “carry-over” and functional gain and managed differently across recovery trajectories. HCPs’ responses to rehabilitation potential judgements include prioritising workload, working around the system and balancing optimism and realism. Impacts for patients are streaming of rehabilitation intensity, rationing access to rehabilitation and a shifting emphasis between management and active rehabilitation. For staff, the emotional burden of judging rehabilitation potential is significant. Current service organisation restricts opportunities for feedback on the accuracy of previous judgements. Conclusion: Patients should have the opportunity to demonstrate rehabilitation potential by participation in therapy. As therapy resources are limited and responses to therapy may be context-dependent, early decisions about a lack of potential should not limit longer-term opportunities for rehabilitation. Services should develop strategies to enhance the quality of judgements through feedback to HCPs of longer-term patient outcomes. Implications for Rehabilitation Rehabilitation potential is judged at the level of individual patients (rather than population-based predictive models of rehabilitation outcome), draws on different sources of often experiential knowledge, and may be less than reliable. Decisions about rehabilitation potential may have far reaching consequences for individual patients, including the withdrawal of active rehabilitation in hospital or in the community and eventual care placement. A better understanding of what people mean by rehabilitation potential by all team members, and by patients and carers, may improve the quality of joint decision making and communication.
Outbreak of Skin Infections in College Football Team Members Due to an Unusual Strain of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT We report a skin and soft-tissue infection outbreak among football team members due to a USA300 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain with genes coding for Panton-Valentine leukocidin and the arginine catabolic mobile element. We postulate that the strain is a community-associated USA300 MRSA strain that lost methicillin resistance but retained important virulence factors.