Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of World Events and Stock Prices

The research reported below has two major objectives. The first is to examine in a scientific fashion certain broad relations between world events and movements in stock prices. The second is to illustrate and suggest specific applications of some techniques for measuring meaning that have not previously been used to any great extent in business research. World events were defined as occurring in this study when a fiveto eightcolumn headline occurred in the New York Times. The quantitative attributes of headlines-the size, the ready availability of a historical series, their reliability, and other factors-make them an appropriate source for this study. The headlines were classified by untrained observers into twenty categories of meaning. They were also classified on a seven-point good-bad scale. Many characteristics of the time series of headline classifications and dates seem of interest. For example, the longer the string of consecutive world event headlines in the preceding days, the more likely it is for world event headlines to occur on the following day. Another interesting resuit is that bad headlines tend to follow bad headlines and good headlines tend to be followed by good headlines. There are also some noteworthy seasonal properties to the headline series. The most unequivocal pattern of influence reported below is that large changes are substantially more likely following world events than on randomly selected days. For clusters of world events, such as those occurring on crises, the proportion of large changes is substantially greater than the proportion following relatively isolated world events. Contrary to popular belief, the particular category into which a world event falls does not appear to add much additional information concerning future price movements. There is a strong tendency for large price changes on the first and second day following world events to show the same direction of change. This tendency for large changes, in the average, to be followed by continuations is characteristic of all large changes, even those that do not follow world events. On Days 2-5 following extremely bad world events, there is a tendency for rises to occur. On those occasions, the market appears to be overreacting to bad news. The tendency to overreact to extremely bad news emerges in a separate study of market movements covering presidential illnesses, a fairly homogeneous class of events, during the past fifty years. The relation between world events and the stock market has attracted considerable attention within the invest* This report is based on the author's Ph.D. dissertation, "World Events and Stock Prices: A Study of Large New York Times Headlines and Subsequent Movements in the Standard & Poor's Composite Index. " It is a pleasure to acknowledge with gratitude the many helpful suggestions of Prof s. James Lorie and Harry Roberts, Dr. M. F. M. Osborne, and Mr. Winfield Smith, which were incorporated n this report.
Factors affecting surgical margin positivity in robotic assisted radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVES After radical prostatectomy, surgical margin positivity is an important indicator of biochemical recurrence and progression. In our study we want to compare the surgical margin positivity rates for retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) and robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP) and investigate the factors affecting surgical margin positivity in RALP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 78 RRP and 62 RALP patients operated from 2011 May to 2016 March were retrospectively screened. Patients in both groups were compared in terms of age, postop hematocrit reduction, hospital stay, duration of follow-up, surgical margin positivity, biochemical recurrence and oncologic parameters. In RALP group it was searched the relationship between the surgical margin positivity and prostate specific antigen (PSA), positive biopsy core, biopsy Gleason scoring, pathologic stage and Gleason scoring, lymph node positivity, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion, prostate weight. RESULTS Patients in the RALP group had lower postop hematocrit reduction and shorter hospital stay (p < 0.001). There was no difference in surgical margin positivity between RALP and RRP groups (37.1% vs. 29.5%, p = 0.341). In RALP group there was a correlation between surgical margin positivity and positive biopsy core number (p = 0.011), pathologic stage (p < 0.001) and Gleason score (p < 0.001), EAU risk classification (p = 0.001), seminal vesicle invasion (p = 0.045), extraprostatic extension (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between prostate weight (p = 0.896), PSA (p = 0.220), biopsy Gleason score (p = 0.266), lymph node positivity (p = 0.140), perineural (p = 0.103) and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.92) with surgical margin positivity. CONCLUSIONS Positive biopsy core number, pathological stage and Gleason score, EAU risk classification, seminal vesicle invasion and extraprostatic extension are correlated with surgical margin positivity in RALP.
Oil price shocks versus quantitative easing An analysis of the Eurozone

This paper explores the eﬀects of an oil price shock and exchange rate movements on the one hand, on the GDP and the unemployment rate of the Eurozone economy. Taking into account the ECB’s policy of quantitative easing and various control variables, we construct a vector error correction model to arrive at an estimate of both an oil price shock and the eﬀect of quan-titative easing through the exchange rate on the aggregate economy, measured by GDP and the unemployment rate. We observe a J-curve eﬀect from the Euro exchange rate to Eurozone GDP. We ﬁnd that a negative oil price shock takes eﬀect after three quarters, when its impact on GDP and unemployment rate is larger than the exchange rate eﬀect of quantitative easing. We ﬁnd no diﬀerence in the eﬀect when we use either the real eﬀective exchange rate or the nominal eﬀective exchange rate.
Outcome-focused national park experience management: transforming participants, promoting social well-being, and fostering place attachment

Understanding visitor experiences is essential if park managers are to facilitate beneficial outcomes for both individuals and society. We investigated visitor experiences in a special model of thematically connected guided walking, biking, and 4WD tours in Australian national parks. Outcomes attained by first-time and repeat participants were assessed by questionnaires with more detailed insights from semi-structured interviews with repeat participants. Participants developed strong social ties with community members and experienced significant improvements in health, well-being, and competence, gaining a sense of achievement from mastering a challenge with positive implications for their lives beyond the tours. The tour series performed well in achieving visitor satisfaction, repeat participation, and word-of-mouth recommendation. The experience increased participants’ attachment to national parks, reinforcing their sense of environmental stewardship. The findings are especially relevant to efforts in parks and elsewhere to better integrate senior citizens into the community and provide opportunities to increase their physical, mental, and social well-being. Such opportunities become limited, for example, when people retire from work or suffer health impairment. The tour series proved an effective tool for outcome-focused park management, providing significant personal benefits to participants with positive implications for larger societal benefits, plus political and financial advantages for park managements.
Epidemiology and New Developments in the Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection

Although prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare event after arthroplasty, it represents a significant complication that is associated with high morbidity, need for complex treatment, and substantial healthcare costs. An accurate and rapid diagnosis of PJI is crucial for treatment success. Current diagnostic methods in PJI are insufficient with 10–30% false-negative cultures. Consequently, there is a need for research and development into new methods aimed at improving diagnostic accuracy and speed of detection. In this article, we review available conventional diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of PJI (laboratory markers, histopathology, synovial fluid and periprosthetic tissue cultures), new diagnostic methods (sonication of implants, specific and multiplex PCR, mass spectrometry) and innovative techniques under development (new laboratory markers, microcalorimetry, electrical method, reverse transcription [RT]-PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH], biofilm microscopy, microarray identification, and serological tests). The results of highly sensitive diagnostic techniques with unknown specificity should be interpreted with caution. The organism identified by a new method may represent a real pathogen that was unrecognized by conventional diagnostic methods or contamination during specimen sampling, transportation, or processing. For accurate interpretation, additional studies are needed, which would evaluate the long-term outcome (usually >2 years) with or without antimicrobial treatment. It is expected that new rapid, accurate, and fully automatic diagnostic tests will be developed soon.
The Effects of Fiscal Stimulus: Evidence from the 2009 ‘Cash for Clunkers’ Program

A key rationale for fiscal stimulus is to boost consumption when aggregate demand is perceived to be inefficiently low. We examine the ability of the government to increase consumption by evaluating the impact of the 2009 "Cash for Clunkers" program on short and medium run auto purchases. Our empirical strategy exploits variation across U.S. cities in ex-ante exposure to the program as measured by the number of "clunkers" in the city as of the summer of 2008. We find that the program induced the purchase of an additional 360,000 cars in July and August of 2009. However, almost all of the additional purchases under the program were pulled forward from the very near future; the effect of the program on auto purchases is almost completely reversed by as early as March 2010 - only seven months after the program ended. The effect of the program on auto purchases was significantly more short-lived than previously suggested. We also find no evidence of an effect on employment, house prices, or household default rates in cities with higher exposure to the program.
The Fishery: The Objectives of Sole Ownership

The rights of property, as such, have not been venerated by those master minds who have built up economic science; but the authority of the science has been wrongly assumed by some who have pushed the claims of vested rights to extreme and antisocial uses. It may be well therefore to note that the tendency of careful economic study is to base the rights of private property not on any abstract principle, but on the observation that in the past they have been inseparable from economic progress. ALFRED MARSHALL, Principles of Economics (8th ed.), p. 48.
FAMILY ENTERPRISES AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF SLOVENIA

Family SMEs represent an important share in the structure of all enterprises world-wide. In Slovenia, until recently we did not have at our disposal data or leastwise estimates on the share of the family enterprises as insufficient attention was devoted to their investigation. However, if we proceed from the fact that in Slovenia, especially in the 1990s, the number of SMEs has dramatically increased, it can be assumed that family enterprises also present a significant factor of the economic development in Slovenia. In the years 1998 and 1999 we carried out the first broad research on family enterprises in Slovenia (on the case of one region). The results of this empirical research confirmed that family SMEs present an important share in the structure of all enterprises in the region and therefore present an important factor of the development of this region and of Slovenia.
Trying to Explain Home Bias in Equities and Consumption

Investors hold a substantially larger proportion of their wealth portfolios in domestic assets than standard portfolio theory would suggest, a phenomenon called "equity home bias. " In the absence of this bias, investors would optimally diversify domestic output risk using foreign equities. Therefore, consumption growth rates would tend to co-move across countries even when output growth rates do not. Empirically, however, consumption growth rates tend to have a lower correlation across countries than do output growth rates, a phenomenon I call "consumption home bias. " In this paper, I discuss these two biases and their potential relationship as suggested by the literature.
Properties of net income and total comprehensive income: New Zealand evidence

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the properties of net income (NI) and total comprehensive income (TCI) of listed companies in New Zealand (NZ). Four properties of TCI and NI are examined: persistence, variability, predictive ability, and value relevance. Whether the value relevance of TCI depends on its reporting location is also investigated.Design/methodology/approach – A cross‐sectional research design is used with data on TCI reported by NZ listed companies in 2010 under the new disclosure requirement in IAS 1. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions are used with a sample of 86 firms to test for persistence, variability, and predictive ability, and 81 firms to test for value relevance of NI and TCI.Findings – The study finds: NI is potentially more persistent than TCI and potentially explains contemporaneous stock returns better than TCI; no significant difference in the variability and predictive ability of NI and TCI; little evidence that the value relevance of TCI depends on.
The Challenge of Workforce Management in a Global Society

Abstract Social work managers are increasingly challenged by the growing need to effectively manage workforce diversity and to create a welcoming and inclusive organizational environment. This is particularly important in light of the disproportional representation of women and members of minority groups in human service organizations and the gap between diversity of the client population versus the diversity of the staff. With social identity theory and inclusion-exclusion conceptual framework as a backdrop, this study tests a comprehensive theory-based model of the relationship between diversity, organizational culture, and employee outcomes. Using structural equations modeling, the proposed model was tested in a representative sample of one hundred and fourteen employees in a high tech company in Israel. The results point to significant paths between diversity and organizational-culture variables and between organizational-culture variables such as fairness, inclusion, stress, and social support to employee outcomes of well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Within the context of globalization, implications for social work management practices are drawn, particularly for implementing policies and practices that promote an inclusive organizational culture and a sense of belonging, satisfaction, and commitment in employees.
What is the Best Measure of Psychological Reactance? An Empirical Test of Two Measures

This study examines two measures of psychological reactance. In search of identifying the best measure, each is compared vis-à-vis the other with respect to reliability and validity by placing each in a nomothetic network with a freedom threat, attitude, motivation, and source appraisal. The results are discussed with an emphasis on future practices regarding the best approach to measure psychological reactance.
The Triumph of the Non‐Idealist Intellectuals? An Investigation of Fiji's 1999 Election Results

This paper examines the results of Fiji's 1999 elections. It looks at the reasons for the overwhelming victory of the Fiji Labour Party and the extent of voting across Fiji's racial divide. The paper argues that there was, in fact, very small indigenous Fijian support for the FLP. The victory of the Fiji Labour Party instead owed its origins to (i) the collapse in the vote for the major rival Indo-Fijian party, the National Federation Party, (ii) the rise of the newly-formed Christian Democratic Alliance and the associated fall in the vote for the former Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka's SVT and (iii) the introduction of the preferential voting system. The paper concludes with a critical examination of the new voting system, arguing that proportional representation might be better suited for Fiji's specific political situation.
Prenatal Development of Gastrointestinal Function in the Pig and the Effects of Fetal Esophageal Obstruction

Maturation of the fetal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is influenced by both luminal stimuli (e.g. swallowed fluid) and hormonal factors (e.g. endogenous cortisol release). The aims of the present study were 1) to investigate GIT growth and maturation during the last 20% of gestation in pigs (term = 114 ± 2 d), and 2) to investigate the effect of esophageal ligation, to prevent fetal swallowing, at 80% to 91% gestation. In normal fetuses, marked increases occurred during late gestation in body weight (+95%), relative intestinal weight (+79%, g kg−1 body weight), activity of some digestive enzymes (1.5- to 10-fold), and absorption of glucose and intact proteins (3- to 6-fold). Fetuses with ligated esophagi had lowered body weight (−20%), reduced intestinal weight (−43%), aminopeptidase A activity (−24%), and glucose absorption (−27%), while lactase, sucrase, and dipeptidylpeptidase IV activities were increased (+40–50%), compared with sham-operated fetuses (all p < 0.05). Other parameters of GIT function remained unchanged by esophageal obstruction (absorption of amino acids and immunoglobulin, activity of chymosin, amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, maltase, aminopeptidase N – all expressed per gram GIT tissue). Ligated fetuses had elevated cortisol levels, which is known to stimulate fetal GIT maturation. We conclude that the rapid development of GIT function in late gestation is diminished by esophageal obstruction, mainly due to slower GIT growth and not inhibition of normal functional development of enterocytes.
Oropharyngeal Contamination Predisposes to Complications after Neck Dissection

Objective While neck dissection is important in the treatment of head and neck cancer, there is a paucity of studies evaluating outcomes. We sought to compare preoperative variables and outcomes between clean and contaminated neck dissections, using the 2006-2011 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) data sets. Study Design Retrospective review of prospectively maintained database. Setting Multicenter (university hospitals; tertiary referral centers). Subjects and Methods A retrospective review was performed of the NSQIP database to identify patients undergoing neck dissection in clean vs oropharyngeal contaminated cases. Clinical factors, comorbidities, epidemiologic factors, and procedural characteristics were analyzed to identify factors associated with 30-day postoperative adverse events, including medical and surgical complications, unplanned reoperation, and mortality. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed for the outcome of one or more adverse events. Results In total, 8890 patients had clean neck dissections, while 572 patients had neck wound contamination with oropharyngeal flora. On multivariable regression analysis, oropharyngeal contamination was a significant risk factor for surgical complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96-5.96; P < .001). However, medical complications and mortality were not significantly different between the 2 cohorts. This finding persisted after subgroup analysis, with removal of all thyroidectomy patients from analysis (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.25-4.36; P = .008). Conclusion Using the ACS-NSQIP data set, this study found an increased risk of surgical complications in the setting of contaminated neck dissections. These data should be used for patient risk stratification, informed consent, and to guide further research.
Typographic influences on reading.

The research reported here comprises an empirical investigation of the phenomenon of typographic allusion. In a preliminary study, subjects rated the perceptual qualities possessed by different typefaces (e.g. heavy-light, fast-slow). The results indicated that subjects agreed as to typeface characteristics and that typefaces were distinguished by such qualities. In Expt 1, subjects undertook a speeded decision task in which they responded according to which one of four adjectives appeared tachistoscopically. Each word appeared in a typeface whose qualities were either consistent or inconsistent with its meaning. Reaction times for inconsistent stimuli were significantly slower than those for consistent trials. In preparation for Expt 2, the same rating procedure was used to elicit subjects' judgements of the attributes of different animals. Subjects agreed as to animals' qualities and such qualities reliably distinguished between the animals. The names of these animals were then used as targets in a binary decision task and each one appeared in a typeface possessing qualities which were either congruent or incongruent with those of the animal. Subjects responded according to whether they considered the animal presented on each trial to be heavy or light, or fast or slow moving. Responses on trials in which the animal and typeface possessed conflicting attributes were significantly slower than responses when animal and typeface qualities were congruent. These results are discussed in relation to current views regarding the processing of written English. We argue that typographic features of words are able to access a semantic code and that this code can interact with the derivation of a linguistic code specifying a word's meaning and/or with post-lexical access decision processes.
Secondary Agricultural Science as Content and Context for Teaching.

The purpose of this philosophical article was to examine the role of agriculture in agricultural education. This philosophical argument, in many ways, reexamines the very discussions pondered by Dewey and Snedden almost a century ago. In secondary agricultural education classes today, is agriculture the content learned, or the context in which learning occurs? In exploring this issue, theoretical bases and conceptual models for agriculture as content and context are presented. It was concluded that there are theoretical bases for viewing agriculture both as content and context for teaching agriculture at the secondary level. Accordingly, a model is proposed that acknowledges that agriculture provides a rich context in which learning can occur. Today’s agricultural educators teach both agricultural content and knowledge from other domains, yielding integrated curriculum. Learning occurs in complex social environments with teacher-to-learner and learner-to-learner interactions. Agricultural education has dual outcomes: a skilled agricultural workforce and successful citizens that are agriculturally literate contributors in a democratic society. The two aforesaid outcomes are not mutually exclusive, and former students (and lifelong learners) may move in and out of gainful employment in the agricultural industry throughout their lifetime.