Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Producing marketing: towards a social-phenomenology of marketing work

This article seeks to problematize and de-reify the phenomenon of marketing work by means of subjecting it to a social-phenomenological gaze. Drawing upon a discourse-analytical understanding of the productive nature of language, the interaction at a meeting between an advertising agency and a client is interpreted and discussed. This micro-event is moreover interpreted in relation to the particular socio-cultural milieu, here referred to as `the narrative archipelago', wherein marketing practitioners have to navigate. It is argued that a social conception of the phenomenon of `marketing work' is not only a prerequisite for carrying out marketing tasks; it is also one of the outcomes of marketing practice. In other words, marketing work is contingent upon as well as generative of the social and discursive accomplishment of a notion of `marketing work'.
The path to war: Exploring a second-level agenda-building analysis examining the relationship among the media, the public and the president

This study combines both the agenda-building and the second-level agenda approaches. It proposes an expansion of agenda-building research by examining the interaction among the president, the media and the public for an event that was not considered an existing ‘real-world’ condition. Specifically, this study uses former President Bush’s five most prominent rationales for invading Iraq to explore the three-way reciprocal relationship among the media, the public and the president on attributes related to the pre-emptive strike on Iraq. The study found evidence of the information subsidies approach as Bush influenced media coverage of the Iraq War. The research also found more evidence of a linear model of agenda-building. The media and presidential agenda had only a limited influence on public concern about the war. Public concern influenced how much space the president devoted to the five issues on his Iraq War agenda and the press also had some limited influence on the issues stressed by the former president.
Baroclinic Development in Observations and NASA GSFC General Circulation Models

Abstract Comparative diagnostic analyses of developing synoptic-scale baroclinic disturbances in NCEP–NCAR reanalyses and the NASA–NCAR (NASCAR) and Aries [NASA’s Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction Project (NSIPP)] general circulation model simulations are performed. In particular, lag composite analyses of wintertime cyclonic and anticyclonic events occurring in the North Pacific and North Atlantic storm tracks are constructed to pursue a synoptic and dynamic characterization of eddy development. The data are also seasonally stratified to study aspects of the North Pacific midwinter suppression phenomenon. Winter-averaged results indicate that the model-simulated events are generally too weak in amplitude, particularly in the upper troposphere. For the North Pacific storm track, model-simulated events are also anomalously distended in the meridional direction. The existing model biases in eddy structure and magnitude lead to anomalously weak baroclinic energy conversions for both cyclonic and anticycloni.
‘Shockvertising’: An exploratory investigation into attitudinal variations and emotional reactions to shock advertising

This study compares the reactions towards shock advertising in for-profit (FP) and not-for-profit (NFP) organizations. Although the use of shocking advertisements is a growing phenomenon, the findings regarding the effectiveness of such advertisements remain mixed. Moreover, there is little consideration of the use of these tactics in different organizational contexts and the effect on the consumer. A qualitative methodology was adopted and included the use of focus groups to explore the attitudes and emotional reactions of a range of individuals. The shocking images from both the NFP and FP organizations were deemed successful at capturing the audience's attention. Some images were more â��shockingâ�� than others, whereas some were more effective at drawing attention to the product or the cause. Importantly, the use of shock advertising was perceived to be justifiable in the NFP sector but much less so in the FP sector. Reactions were somewhat influenced by both religion and gender; however, it was apparent that this sample were inherently more accepting of shock advertising than expected. Despite the apparent immunity of today's youth to shock tactics, this study found that there are still themes that are considered inappropriate in FP and NFP sectors; these include the use of religious taboos or morally offensive images.
A design for a multiple user multiprocessing system

The B8500 system is designed to deal with the following situation. A large number of active programs requiring various services are present in the system and their current status and required service are recorded. When some component of the system becomes available, e.g., processor, memory space, peripheral device, it is assigned to the active job of highest priority that requires this service. The important concept is that no component of the system belongs to any program but rather provides a service and then goes on to service another program. The main function of the executive scheduling program is to keep track of the services required by programs and to schedule the services when equipment becomes available.
Staying Back and Dropping Out: The Relationship Between Grade Retention and School Dropout

Students who repeat a grade prior to high school have a higher risk of dropping out of high school than do students who are continuously promoted. This study tested whether standard theories of dropout—including the participation-identification model and the social capital model—explain this link. Although the presence of variables, including academic achievement and disciplinary problems, reduces the higher probability of retained students dropping out, existing models of dropping out do not adequately explain the markedly higher probability of dropping out for retained students. Regression decomposition reveals differences between promoted and retained students in the importance of resources and illustrates that various resources hold different levels of importance for white, black, and Latino students.
Fetal Nasal Bone Status In Iranian Women Undergoing First-Trimester Screening For Trisomy 21: A Review and an Observational Study.

Background: Failed visualization of the fetal nasal bone (NB) by ultrasound at 11 - 14 weeks of gestation is strongly associated with chromosomal abnormalities. Meanwhile, the incidence of the absent fetal NB in normal fetuses in the first trimester in mothers of different ethnic origins differs significantly. It is, therefore, important to assess ethnic variations in the first-trimester visualization of the fetal NB before introducing this marker into routine screening programs for aneuploidy. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the NB length and the prevalence of the NB absence as well as calculating the likelihood ratio (LR) for the absence of the NB in normal fetuses of Iranian women undergoing first-trimester screening for trisomy 21. Patients and Methods: In 767 normal fetuses, the fetal profile was examined by ultrasound for the absence/presence of the NB. The NB length was also measured, and the LR for the NB absence was also determined. Results: The NB was absent in 2/767 (0.26%) of the fetuses. The mean length of the NB was 3.6 ± 0.69 mm for the fetuses of 11 - 14 weeks gestational age. The LR value of the absent NB was equal to 250 in the normal fetuses of the Iranian population living in the North-West provinces. Conclusion: The low prevalence of the NB absence in normal fetuses in the present study is compatible with the larger size of the NB in Iranian people compared to other communities. Meanwhile, the reference range of the NB length in normal Iranian fetuses was established so that basic data could be recorded for further studies regarding the absence or presence of the NB in screening for chromosomal abnormalities (Down syndrome) within the Iranian population.
The Relationship between Negative Political Advertising and Public Mood: Effects and Consequences

Abstract This paper presents and tests a theory of how negative political advertising affects individuals in US elections. The theory begins with the claim that negative advertising depresses public mood. Mood is then used as information in judgments, it is argued, but more by low than by high political sophisticates: high sophisticates recognize and discount the effects of the advertisements, low sophisticates do not, instead attributing their depressed mood to their own inability to understand politics, to the political system, or to an aspect of the election such as an unappealing choice of candidates. These judgments may then affect behavior, implying that negative advertising campaigns may alter the composition of the electorate in US elections. The theory is tested in a survey experiment on a national sample. Analysis confirms the impact of negative advertising on public mood, and some relationship from mood to judgments for low sophisticates.
Managing Conflict in School Teams: The Impact of Task and Goal Interdependence on Conflict Management and Team Effectiveness

Purpose: Although conflict has traditionally been considered destructive, recent studies have indicated that conflict management can contribute to effective teamwork. The present study explores conflict management as a team phenomenon in schools. The author examined how the contextual variables (task interdependence, goal interdependence) are related to team conflict management style (integrating vs. dominating) and school team effectiveness (team performance). Research Design: Data were collected from 149 school teams (including team coordinators and team members) at 149 elementary schools. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrate, as expected, a positive relation between conflict management of integrating and team performance and a negative relation between dominating and team performance. In addition, there are positive relations between the congruent low-low or high-high combinations of task and goal interdependence and integrating and positive relations between the incongruent low-high or high-low combinations of task and goal interdependence and team conflict management of dominating. Moreover, results indicate that the highest level of integrating is under the condition of high task interdependence and high goal interdependence, whereas the highest level of dominating is under the condition of high task interdependence and low goal interdependence. Finally, a team's conflict management was partially mediated by the combination of task and goal interdependence and team performance. Conclusions: The present results provide additional empirical support for the notion that conflict management can be considered a team phenomenon. The study should serve to encourage educational administration researchers to focus more attention on characteristics of organizational and team context as related to team conflict management and team effectiveness.
Structural and evolutionary tunnels of pairwise residue-interaction symmetries connect different structural classes of proteins

Studying all non-redundant proteins in 76 most-commonly found structural domains, the present work attempts to decipher latent patterns that characterize acceptable and unacceptable symmetries in residue-residue interactions in functional proteins. We report that cutting across the structural classes, a select set of pairwise interactions are universally favored by geometrical and evolutionary constraints, termed 'acceptable' structural and evolutionary tunnels, respectively. An equally small subset of residue-residue interactions, the 'unacceptable' structural and evolutionary tunnels, is found to be universally disliked by structural and evolutionary constraints. Non-trivial overlapping is detected among acceptable structural and evolutionary tunnels, as also among unacceptable structural and evolutionary tunnels. A subset of tunnels is found to have equal relative importance, structurally and evolutionarily, in different structural classes. The MET-MET tunnel is detected to be universally most unacceptable by both structural and evolutionary constraints, whereas the ASP-LEU tunnel was found to be the closest approximation to be universally most acceptable. Residual populations in structural and evolutionary tunnels are found to be independent of stereochemical properties of individual residues. It is argued with examples that tunnels are emergent features that connect extent of symmetry in residue-residue interactions to the level of quaternary structural organization.
Implementing Controversial Policy: Results from a National Survey of Law Enforcement Department Activity on Hate Crime

Local police are responsible for implementing a patchwork of federal, state, and local policies addressing crimes motivated by bias or hate toward particular groups. The research presented here examines police department activity on implementing hate crime policy, with particular attention to hate crime policies related to lesbians and gays, by using survey and demographic data from a sample of American cities. The results suggest that many police departments are trying to implement hate crime policies and improve relations with minority communities. Hate crime policy implementation is shaped by the support and efforts of officers, the tractability of the problem, the support of police leaders, the presence of state hate crime policies, police resources, and public opinion. Interestingly, implementation efforts do not appear to be influenced by the preferences of elected officials, local hate crime policies, or a series of administrative procedures for hate crime cases.
Evaluation of visual and olfactory cues for sampling three thrips species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in deciduous forests of the northern United States.

The introduced basswood thrips, Thrips calcaratus Uzel pear thrips, Taeniothrips inconsequens (Uzel), and native basswood thrips, Neohydatothrips tiliae (Hood), form a thrips complex that attacks buds and foliage of basswood, Tilia americana L. , trees in the northern United States. We assessed the potential for exploiting visual and olfactory cues to monitor these forest thrips. We tested blue, green, red, white, and yellow for thrips' response to visual stimuli, and anisaldehyde, ethyl nicotinate, and polar and nonpolar extracts of basswood buds or leaves for thrips' response to olfactory stimuli over a 2-yr period. Generally, yellow traps tended to elicit the greatest visual response from all three species. None of the species showed significant attraction to the test volatiles compared with controls. The introduced basswood thrips, which is closely associated with expanding buds, was the most abundant species, and occurred earlier in the spring than the two flower- or foliage-associated species. The implications of these behaviors are discussed with respect to a forest pest monitoring program.
On the Sequential Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming Methods

An iteration of the sequential quadratically constrained quadratic programming method (SQCQP) consists of minimizing a quadratic approximation of the objective function subject to quadratic approximation of the constraints, followed by a line search in the obtained direction. Methods of this class are receiving attention due to the development of efficient interior point techniques for solving subproblems with this structure, via formulating them as second-order cone programs. Recently, Fukushima et al. (2003) proposed a SQCQP method for convex minimization with twice continuously differentiable data. Their method possesses global and locally quadratic convergence, and it is free of the Maratos effect. The feasibility of subproblems in their method is enforced by switching between the linear and quadratic approximations of the constraints. This strategy requires computing a strictly feasible point, as well as choosing some further parameters. We propose a SQCQP method where feasibility of subproblems is ensured by introducing a slack variable and, hence, is automatic. In addition, we do not assume convexity of the objective function or twice differentiability of the problem data. While our method has all the desirable convergence properties, it is easier to implement. Among other things, it does not require computing a strictly feasible point, which is a nontrivial task. In addition, its global convergence requires weaker assumptions.
Audience Reaction and Its Effect On Perceived Expertise

A hypothesis derived from Festinger's (1954) social comparison theory suggests that in circumstances of uncertainty or ambiguity the perception of a speaker's expertise will be liable to influence by the reactions of an "audience. " As a test of this prediction two groups of subjects were presented with a televised lecture on a technical topic with which they were unfamiliar. One group saw the lecture with positive audience reactions inserted and one with negative audience reactions. In the negative condition the lecturer was rated as less expert (p <0.05), more confusing (p < 0.01), and more shallow (p < 0.05), whilst ratings of personal attractiveness were unaffected. It is concluded that perceived expertise is subject to manipulation and bias under conditions of unfamiliarity and uncertainty.
Heterogeneous interaction network of yeast prions and remodeling factors detected in live cells

Budding yeast has dozens of prions, which are mutually dependent on each other for the de novo prion formation. In addition to the interactions among prions, transmissions of prions are strictly dependent on two chaperone systems: the Hsp104 and the Hsp70/Hsp40 (J-protein) systems, both of which cooperatively remodel the prion aggregates to ensure the multiplication of prion entities. Since it has been postulated that prions and the remodeling factors constitute complex networks in cells, a quantitative approach to describe the interactions in live cells would be required. Here, the researchers applied dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy to investigate the molecular network of interaction in single live cells. The findings demonstrate that yeast prions and remodeling factors constitute a network through heterogeneous protein-protein interactions.
Attachment security and adjustment to school in middle childhood

The concurrent association between security of attachment and adaptive functioning at school in middle childhood was examined. A sample of 113 children of 4th and 5th grade ” lled out a self-report measure of attachment security (Kerns, Klepac, & Cole, 1996) and were administered the Doll Story Completion task (Bretherton, Ridgeway, & Cassidy, 1990b) modi” ed for use with children in middle childhood to assess the quality and the security of attachment-related representations of the relationship with the mother. According to the latter measure children were classi” ed as secure, avoidant, ambivalent, or disorganised with regard to attachment. Their teachers completed several questionnaires assessing each child’s academic achievement, emotional and social adjustment, and frequency of behavioural problems. In addition, each participating class underwent a sociometric procedure. Findings based on correlations and comparisons of attachment groups indicated that secure children showed better adjustment to school as reflected in teachers’ reports of scholastic, emotional, social, and behavioural adjustment, as well as in peer-rated social status. Avoidant and disorganised children showed the poorest adjustment. Findings indicated the usefulness of attachment theory in understanding adjustment to the school environment in middle childhood.
An Introduction to the Uses and Potential Uses of Physiological Measurement in the Study of Family Communication

Physiological measurement has not been widely used in family communication research, despite numerous associations that exist between physiological markers and communication processes and outcomes. This article discusses some of the most commonly measured physiological markers in the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system and gives examples of studies that have linked these markers to various aspects of emotion, attachment, and relationship quality. Logistical issues surrounding the measurement and analysis of these markers are also addressed. Measurement of several important physiological processes can be incorporated into existing research paradigms in the field of family communication with relative ease, and such a move would be fruitful for those researchers wishing for a more complete understanding of how people experience various communicative events.
Progestin Therapy of Complex Endometrial Hyperplasia With and Without Atypia

OBJECTIVE: To assess the likelihood of histologic persistence/progression of complex hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia among women treated with progestin compared with those not treated, with attention to type, dose, and duration. METHODS: This was a cohort study at an integrated health plan of women, ages 18–85 years, with complex or atypical hyperplasia on independent pathology review with a second endometrial specimen in the 2–6 months after the index diagnosis. Progestin therapy between index diagnosis and follow-up biopsy was determined from the pharmacy database. Medical record abstraction was performed. Relative risks (RRs), adjusted for age and body mass index, were calculated. RESULTS: Among 185 women, average age 55.9 years, follow-up 16.1 weeks, 115 had complex and 70 had atypical hyperplasia. Among women with complex hyperplasia, 28.4% of those treated with progestin and 30.0% of those not treated had persistence/progression (RR 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–2.72). Among women with atypical hyperplasia, 26.9% of those treated with progestin and 66.7% of those not treated had persistence/progression (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21–0.70); there was a suggestion that use of at least a medium dose, or a duration of at least 3 months, was associated with a particularly low probability of persistence/progression. CONCLUSION: Although progestin treatment of women with atypical hyperplasia was associated with a substantial increase in the likelihood of regression of the lesion during the ensuing 2–6 months, persistence/progression was nonetheless present in more than one quarter of treated women. Regression of complex hyperplasia without atypia was common whether progestin had or had not been used. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Spinal curvature: comparison of frontal measurements with the Spinal Mouse and radiographic assessment.

AIM The Spinal Mouse is an external non-invasive device which measures the spinal shape and mobility of the spine in several planes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and the validity of the Spinal Mouse to assess frontal standing measurements of the spine in a sample of young healthy volunteers. METHODS Twenty-six young volunteers of both sex took part in the study. Angle data of vertebral inclination of each subject in frontal view were measured by Spinal Mouse and standard radiography for vertebral segments from T1-T2 down to L5-S1. RESULTS Repetition of the measurements by Spinal Mouse performed by two examiners in different days resulted in no significant difference for the parameter examined, as well as measurements performed by the two examiners in the same day (P<0.05). The ICC values showed no correlation between the two devices in the following pairs of vertebrae: T2-T3, T4-T5, T5-T6, T7-T8, T8-T9, T9-T10, T11-T12, T12-L1, L1-L2, L3-L4, L4-L5. CONCLUSION The Spinal Mouse results, concerning the standing frontal curvature of the spine, even if reliable, were poor when compared with the standard radiography.