Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The intersection of suspect and victim race/ethnicity among anti-gay and anti-lesbian bias crimes

The interracial or intraracial nature of crime in the United States is poorly understood. In particular, few studies have examined the intersection of race/ethnicity and gender among sexual orientation-motivated bias crimes. This study examines 2002–2008 data on anti-gay and anti-lesbian bias crimes from the Los Angeles County Commission on Human Relations to explore the racialised nature of anti-gay and anti-lesbian crimes. When taking the overall racial/ethnic diversity of Los Angeles County into account, results suggest that anti-lesbian bias crimes are predominantly intraracial, while anti-gay crimes showed a strong tendency towards intraracial crimes among White and Black suspects and mixed results among Asians and Latino suspects. Although the majority of bias crimes were intraracial, when they were interracial, White gay men were victimised at higher rates than racial/ethnic minority gay men. Future research directions and implications are discussed, including the need for more research on bias crime that focuses on the intersection of identities and not single identities.
The systemic arterial pattern of the guinea pig: the head, thorax, and thoracic limb.

The systemic arterial pattern of the guinea pig was studied to determine the arrangement of the major arterial trunks and their branches. Fifty-nine specimens were examined by dissection, angiography, and corrosion casting. The arterial arrangement was found to resemble a typical mammalian pattern, although some exceptions were noted. For example, the internal carotid arteries were small and of questionable significance in the cerebral blood supply. Instead, a major portion of the blood supply to the brain appeared to be provided by the internal ophthalmic arteries. In the thoracic region, large dorsal scapular arteries originated and were distributed in part to the large fat pad in the dorsal cervical region. Also, each vertebral artery arose as two separate rami that anastomosed a few millimeters from their origin. The arterial pattern of the thoracic limb presented no unusual features.
From Journal Rankings to Making Sense of the World

In their potentially wide-reaching paper, Adler and Harzing (this issue) demonstrate that journal ranking systems are imbued with conundrums which have undermined the fundamental purpose of social scientific research to make sense of the world. The authors reveal the folly of journal ranking, examining a number of detrimental consequences upon meaningful work and several constituent academic processes such as research, publishing, funding, doctoral training, and career progression. They go on to recommend a number of steps that can be taken in order to ameliorate ill-conceived methods of ranking papers, journals, and institutions of research.
An Atlas of the Circumnuclear Regions of 75 Seyfert Galaxies in the Near-Ultraviolet with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys

We present an atlas of the central regions of 75 Seyfert galaxies imaged in the near-UV with the Advanced Camera for Surveys of the Hubble Space Telescope at an average resolution of ∼10 pc. These data complement archival high-resolution data from the Hubble Space Telescope at optical and near-IR wavelengths, creating an extremely valuable data set for astronomers with a broad range of scientific interests. Our goal is to investigate the nature of the near-UV light in these objects, its relation to the circumnuclear starburst phenomenon, and the connection of this to the evolution and growth of the galaxy bulge and central black hole. In this paper we describe the near-UV morphology of the objects and characterize the near-UV emission. We estimate the size and the luminosity of the emitting regions and extract the luminosity profile. We also determine the presence of unresolved compact nuclei. In addition, the circumnuclear stellar cluster population is identified, and the contribution of the stellar clusters to the total light, at this wavelength, is estimated. The size of the sample allows us to draw robust statistical conclusions. We find that Seyfert 1 galaxies (Sy1's) are completely dominated by their bright and compact nuclei, which remains pointlike at this resolution, while we find almost no unresolved nuclei in Seyfert 2 galaxies (Sy2's). The Seyfert types 1 and 2 are quite segregated in an asymmetry versus compactness plot. Stellar clusters are found somewhat more frequently in Sy2's (in ∼70% of the galaxies) than in Sy1's (∼57%), and contribute more to the total light in Sy2's, but these two differences seem to be mostly due to the large contribution of the compact nuclei in Sy1's, as the luminosity distribution of the clusters is similar in both Seyfert types.
Influences of Culture on Self-Disclosure as Relationally Situated in Intercultural and Interracial Friendships from a Social Penetration Perspective

Intercultural and interracial relationships face barriers, tensions, and challenges that are absent from intracultural and intraracial relationships. These challenges provide the impetus for this study to examine the influences of individualism-collectivism and relational intimacy on topics and dimensions of self-disclosure in intercultural/interracial friendships from a social penetration perspective. A total of 252 participants responded to the instruments measuring the constructs of interest. This study found: (1) relational intimacy was positively correlated with all six topics and four out of the five dimensions of self-disclosure; (2) individualism was a significant predictor of the five dimensions of self-disclosure as a set; and (3) one mirrors one's intercultural/interracial friend in all six topics and the positive/negative dimension of self-disclosure. These results suggest that relational intimacy has a greater impact on close intercultural and interracial friendships than cultural variability.
Cascade: crowdsourcing taxonomy creation

Taxonomies are a useful and ubiquitous way of organizing information. However, creating organizational hierarchies is difficult because the process requires a global understanding of the objects to be categorized. Usually one is created by an individual or a small group of people working together for hours or even days. Unfortunately, this centralized approach does not work well for the large, quickly changing datasets found on the web. Cascade is an automated workflow that allows crowd workers to spend as little at 20 seconds each while collectively making a taxonomy. We evaluate Cascade and show that on three datasets its quality is 80-90% of that of experts. Cascade has a competitive cost to expert information architects, despite taking six times more human labor. Fortunately, this labor can be parallelized such that Cascade will run in as fast as four minutes instead of hours or days.
The role of artistic experiences in the comprehensive inductive educational approach

Postmodern pedagogy is constantly confronted with Lyotard’s condemnation of grand narratives found in the philosophy of modernity, on the basis of which basic patterns of moral education were developed. In searching for new answers to the question of how education can prepare individuals for life in an age of late modernity, this paper presents the idea of approaching identity and moral development through the inductive educational approach and highlights the importance of education through the arts in the latter, especially in view of the theoretical notion of aesthetics as ethics of postmodernity. In an age in which artistic creativity is deemed less important than acquiring competences aimed at technological development, it is crucial to provide a clear answer as to why and how different art practices may exert an influence on the full development of a child’s personality. In order to demonstrate the meaning of artistic experience in general education, one must seek arguments supporting the intrinsic value of the artistic experience. This paper stresses the meaning of artistic experience as a means of communication providing both the artist and the art recipient with the opportunity for personal fulfilment. In this context, Aristotle’s concept of mimesis and its role in education through the arts is emphasised as part of the comprehensive inductive educational approach. The argument is illustrated with some qualitative data from the implementation of a project in Kindergarten Vodmat, Ljubljana, Slovenia, using the inductive educational approach and art as a tool for cultural enrichment of pre-school children.
Survey of noise performances and scaling effects in deep submicrometer CMOS devices from different foundries

Submicrometer CMOS technologies provide well-established solutions to the implementation of low-noise front-end electronics for a wide range of detector applications. Since commercial CMOS processes maintain a steady trend in device scaling, it is essential to monitor the impact of these technological advances on the noise parameters of the devices. In this paper we present the results of an extensive analysis carried out on CMOS transistors fabricated in 0.35, 0.25, and 0.18 mum technologies from different foundries. This allows us to evaluate the behavior of 1/f and channel thermal noise parameters with different gate oxide thickness and minimum channel length and to give an estimate of their process-to-process spread. The experimental analysis is focused on actual device operating conditions in monolithic detector readout systems. This means that moderate or weak inversion are often the only relevant regions for front-end devices. To account for different detector requirements, the noise behavior of devices with different geometries and input capacitance was investigated. The large set of data gathered from the measurements provides a powerful tool to model noise parameters and establish front-end design criteria in deep submicrometer CMOS processes
Conceptualizing and Measuring the Perceived Interactivity of Websites

Abstract The perceived interactivity of websites by site-visitors (PIsite) is defined as a psychological state experienced by a site-visitor during the interaction process. It manifests in three dimensions: (1) perceived control over (a) the site navigation, (b) the pace or rhythm of the interaction, and (c) the content being accessed; (2) perceived responsiveness from (a) the site-owner, (b) from the navigation cues and signs, (c) the persons online; and (3) perceived personalization of the site (a) as if it were a person, (b) as if it wants to know the site visitor, and (c) as if it understands the site visitor. Based on this conceptual definition, a scale for the perceived interactivity of websites was developed and validated. A series of studies was conducted to assess its dimensionality, reliability, and validity. Empirical evidence indicates that the scale is reliable, valid, parsimonious and generalizable. Implications of our conceptual and operational definitions of the construct of perceived interactivity of websites are discussed for interactive advertising and marketing research and practice. (Keywords: interactivity, interactive media, interactive advertising, interactive marketing, online consumer behavior.)
Circumumbilical incision for pyloromyotomy

Forty infants with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis had a Ramstedt pyloromyotomy through a circumumbilical incision. Delivery of the pylorus was relatively easy. Mild wound infection occurred in three infants and a further child developed a purulent discharge. There was one instance of abdominal wall dehiscence and all the resultant scars were hardly visible, thus achieving an apparently unscarred abdomen.
Predictors of remission of diabetes mellitus in severely obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery: do BMI or procedure choice matter? A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To compare diabetes remission after bariatric surgery in subjects with body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 or more or BMI of less than 35 kg/m to determine which predictors are best. BACKGROUND BMI is currently the only selection criterion for bariatric surgery in diabetic subjects. Many studies have challenged BMI for predicting diabetes remission. METHODS Data sources were PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases from January 1980 to June 2013. The selected studies were randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, or cohort studies with 10 or more patients per arm. Of 1437 screened articles, 94 studies were included with 94,579 patients undergoing surgical procedures (4944 with type 2 diabetes mellitus). Weight, BMI, glycated hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, and insulin were abstracted by 2 independent reviewers. The effect size was the percent diabetes remission. RESULTS Meta-analysis was performed for BMI less than 35 kg/m2 (group 1) and BMI 35 kg/m2 or more (group 2). Diabetes remission was 72% [95% confidence interval (CI), 65-80] in group 1 and 71% (95% CI, 65-77) in group 2. Diabetes resolution was 89% (95% CI, 83-94) after biliopancreatic diversion, 77% (95% CI, 72-82) after Roux-en-Y bypass, 62% (95% CI, 46-79) after gastric banding, and 60% (95% CI, 51-70) after sleeve gastrectomy. The only significant predictor of glycated hemoglobin A1c reduction was waist circumference, lower baseline waist associating with higher reduction. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery determines similar diabetes remission rates in patients with BMI of 35 kg/m2 or more or BMI of less than 35 kg/m2. Baseline BMI is unrelated to diabetes remission. The association of baseline waist circumference with glycated hemoglobin A1c reduction is likely due to selection bias. Bariatric or metabolic effects of the surgical procedures appear independent, and different indices are needed to predict them.
PARTICIPATION OF MONOCYTES IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS IN ACUTE SERUM SICKNESS OF RABBIT

Acute serum sickness In the rabbit was studied with special reference to the role of monocytes in the Inflammatory process in the glomerulus. It was revealed that macrophages were the major factor in producing glomerular hyperceliularity In acute serum sickness. Proliferation of intrinsic glomerular cells or accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was minimal. Ultrastructural characteristics of these phagocytic cells were described. Macrophages engulfed various inflammatory products such as fibrin and cell debri in the glomerular capillary. Colloidal carbon administered at the active inflammatory stage was found to be mostly engulfed by macrophages, little by mesangial cells, and was not seen In endothelial or epithelial cells and PMNs. The selective ingestion of the carbon particles by these macrophages made it possible to differentiate them from glomerular cells. This in turn indicated that the macrophages were derived from neither endothelial nor mesangial cells and that they were of blood monocytic origin. It was suggested that monocytic cells participated in glomerular Inflammation but they, on the other hand, contributed to the repair of glomerular Injuries through their active role for phagocytosis.
Ajzen and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action as applied to moral behavior: A confirmatory analysis.

A confirmatory test of Ajzen and Fishbein's (1980) theory of reasoned action as applied to the realm of moral behavior using structural equation modeling was conducted. Ss were 1056 male and female athletes ranging in age from 10 to 18 years (M=14.5). Ss completed a questionnaire that contained 2 hypothetical situations related to moral behavior in sports. For each situation, Ss completed scales assessing all components of the model. A modified version of the theory provided a significant improvement over the Ajzen and Fishbein model.
Remarks on the speech of Arabic-speaking children with cleft palate: three case studies

Speech samples were obtained from three Arabic-speaking children with cleft palate, and two questions were asked. First, are the characteristics of their speech like those reported for cleft palate speakers of other languages? This is interesting because cleft speech data for Arabic are so far unreported. Many characteristics seem similar, but implosive airstream, oral stop devoicing, and labiodental stopping also occurred. Second, do pharyngeal and glottal compensatory articulations, frequently reported for cleft speech, occur in Arabic? Since Arabic has phonemic , we might expect they do not, to avoid phonetic neutralisation of phonemic contrast. In the samples, compensatory pharyngeal and glottal articulations were produced. The resultant neutralisations, and the neutralisation from the children's uvular compensatory articulations, indicate that the children's productions were insensitive to the phonemics of the language. This is consistent with the conclusion elsewhere that the characteristics of cleft speech are universal.
Citizenship and Counterproductive Behavior: Clarifying Relations Between the Two Domains

Competing viewpoints exist as to whether organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviors (CWB) are best viewed as behaviors located on a single continuum or as distinct constructs. Reliable and established measures of OCB, CWB, and the Big Five were administered to a large and diverse employee sample. Confirmatory factor analysis supports differentiating between facets of OCB and CWB. In addition, OCB and CWB were moderately negatively correlated and had a number of different personality correlates. This lends support to OCB and CWB representing two distinct constructs instead of a single continuum.
The Effect of Online Violent Video Games on Levels of Aggression

Background In recent years the video game industry has surpassed both the music and video industries in sales. Currently violent video games are among the most popular video games played by consumers, most specifically First-Person Shooters (FPS). Technological advancements in game play experience including the ability to play online has accounted for this increase in popularity. Previous research, utilising the General Aggression Model (GAM), has identified that violent video games increase levels of aggression. Little is known, however, as to the effect of playing a violent video game online. Methods/Principal Findings Participants (N = 101) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions; neutral video game—offline, neutral video game—online, violent video game—offline and violent video game—online. Following this they completed questionnaires to assess their attitudes towards the game and engaged in a chilli sauce paradigm to measure behavioural aggression. The results identified that participants who played a violent video game exhibited more aggression than those who played a neutral video game. Furthermore, this main effect was not particularly pronounced when the game was played online. Conclusions/Significance These findings suggest that both playing violent video games online and offline compared to playing neutral video games increases aggression.
Self-efficacy in Activities of daily living and symptom management in people with dizziness: a focus group study

Abstract Background: Self-efficacy is associated with health status, health behaviour and health behaviour change in various chronic health conditions. Purpose: To describe self-efficacy in relation to Activities of daily living and symptom management in people with dizziness. Material and methods: Thirteen women and three men, aged 45–82 years, with persistent dizziness (duration 4 months to 30 years) were recruited from an outpatient physiotherapy unit. A qualitative study was conducted using four focus groups and one individual interview and was then analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The participants conveyed, in-depth information concerning two predefined main categories. Self-efficacy in Activities of daily living was related to challenging body positions and motions, environments, social activities, work tasks, and complex cognitive behaviours. Self-efficacy in symptom management was related to distress and aggravated symptoms, unfamiliar environment, and unknown people. Conclusions: People with dizziness describe how self-efficacy for specific activities varies according to the perceived difficulty of the task, the context of the activity, and day-to-day variations in general wellbeing. The results underscore the importance of targeting self-efficacy in the rehabilitation of people with dizziness. Our findings can guide the rehabilitation process by providing a deeper understanding of self-efficacy judgements in relation to Activities of daily living and symptom management in people with dizziness. Implication for rehabilitation This study adds important in-depth knowledge to the rehabilitation area on self-efficacy beliefs in relation to Activities of daily living and symptom management in people with dizziness. Self-efficacy for specific activities varies according to the perceived difficulty of the task, the context in which the activity takes place and day-to-day variations in perceived general well-being. The results can be used as a topic list to guide rehabilitation efforts in exploring and intervening aspects of people’s everyday activities that are affected by low self-efficacy judgements. Activities perceived to be crucial to everyday life and important for well-being should be targeted in rehabilitation to increase self-efficacy and thereby activity performance and participation in people with dizziness.
Consistency of Rat model for diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DNP) is a chronic kidney disease caused by diabetes that leads to end stage renal diseases. The disease is being diagnosed clinically by using microalbuminuria test, which is highly nonspecific. Several animal models have been developed to elucidate the pathophysiology of DNP and to identify innovative therapies for preventing the progression of nephropathy. The animals were either induced with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and were allowed to progress to nephropathy. Since DNP is a chronic disease, the most common challenge faced by several investigators is to maintain the animals in diabetic condition for a longer period of time. Although both mice and rat models are used for studying DNP, rats are generally preferred because of the longer life-span. The rat models generally used for type-2 diabetes induced nephropathy are Goto-Kakizaki and obese ZUCKER rats. At the age of 14 weeks, these rats spontaneously develop diabetes and if they are maintained in hyperglycemic state for a time span of 12 months, they progressed to DNP. However, nodular glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were not observed in these rats, which are the most prominent pathological features observed in human DNP.
A note on the success ratio and the utility of fixed hiring rate personnel selection decisions

Using simple simulation methods, the author verifies that the formulas used to estimate both the expected success ratio of a selection and the expected average criterion score of the selectees overestimate the real gain one may expect to obtain when hiring a preestablished proportion of employees from a finite sample of applicants. To correct for this deficiency, the present article shows how an exact estimate of the expected payoff can be obtained. In addition, it indicates how the new approach can be used to assess the sampling variability of the utility estimates.