Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Disparity Estimation for Light Field Videos

Light ﬁeld (LF) videos contain not only the spatial-angular information but also the temporal information, which are useful for disparity estimation. The existing work on disparity estimation for LF videos relies on supervised training with disparity labels. To overcome this reliance, we develop an unsupervised disparity estimation framework for LF videos, which consists of a matching branch to perform feature matching and a reﬁnement branch to reﬁne the disparity maps. Our framework also includes a cross-feature fusion module with self-attention and cross-attention to fuse the multi-frame features, and a cost aggregation transformer with cross-depth self-attention blocks to explore the global depth dependencies. Moreover, we propose a left-right consistency strategy to estimate the occlusion regions for the input views and introduce a occlusion-aware photometric loss to solve the occlusion issue. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves superior performance compared to the existing supervised and unsupervised methods.
Malignant histiocytosis in three Bernese mountain dogs

Malignant histiocytosis is a rare disease which is characterised by the neoplastic proliferation of tissue macrophages (histiocytes) leading to excessive phagocytosis of erythrocytes. The clinical signs and pathological findings in three Bernese mountain dogs are described. Two of the dogs had the same sire. The disease has been established as a familial problem in Bernese mountain dogs in other countries, although it has not been previously recorded in the United Kingdom.
Metal Content, Fatty Acid and Vitamins in Commercially Available Canned Fish on the Bulgarian Market: Benefit–Risk Ratio Intake

Today, the distribution and consumption of canned products have become widespread due to the convenience of using processed fish products. This study aims to evaluate elements of toxicological concern and essential elements (Cd, Al, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, and Zn), the fatty acid composition, and the fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant pigment contents of various canned fish products purchased on the Bulgarian market. The estimated weekly intake and human health benefit–risk ratio based on metal elements and n-3 LC-PUFA contents in canned fish products were assessed. The contents of the analyzed elements in the canned samples were found to be below the limits set by various health organizations. Al was detected in only one sample. The profile of fatty acids showed that the canned fish had high PUFA/SFA ratios, EPA + DHA contents and low SFA, AI and TI values. The analyzed canned fish contained significant contents of fat-soluble vitamins. The Atlantic bonito in a jar sample was characterized by a high percentage of vitamin A (26.7% RDI) and vitamin D3 (142% RDI) per 100 g portion. The calculated EWI value shows that the consumption of canned fish products did not present any risk. The benefit–risk ratio indicates that the canned fish species are safe for human consumption, except for one sample regarding Cr.
Circadian fluctuations of macular edema in patients with morning vision blurring: correlation with arterial pressure and effect of light deprivation.

PURPOSE This study explored the causes of vision fluctuations in patients with chronic macular edema. METHODS Fifteen patients (16 eyes) with vision blurring at awakening due to post-central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) macular edema underwent three examination sessions over 24 hours (at 7 PM, immediately after awakening at 7 AM, and at 7 PM), which comprised assessment of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study score and measurement of macular thickness (MT) by optical coherence tomography. Ocular perfusion pressure was calculated from ambulatory arterial pressure measurement. In addition, after the 7 AM measurements, the patients were randomly selected for monocular light deprivation during the day to evaluate the role of retinal illumination in these fluctuations. RESULTS Circadian fluctuation of MT was documented in all patients. At 7 AM, mean visual acuity (VA) was worse (mean +/- SD of the difference: 6.5 +/- 7.2 points; P < 0.002) and mean MT was higher (57.4 +/- 34 microm; P < 0.001) than at 7 PM. Fluctuations of MT were correlated to fluctuation of arterial pressure (P = 0.05), but were not influenced by monocular light deprivation. CONCLUSIONS In most patients complaining of visual fluctuations due to macular edema secondary to CRVO, MT and VA were found to undergo a circadian cycle. These short-term anatomic and functional variations were associated with arterial pressure variations (that is, macular thickening was inversely correlated to the arterial pressure drop during the night), but were not due to light deprivation.
Effects of stand age and soil properties on soil bacterial and fungal community composition in Chinese pine plantations on the Loess Plateau

The effects of Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) on soil variables after afforestation have been established, but microbial community changes still need to be explored. Using high-throughput sequencing technology, we analyzed bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity in soils from three stands of different-aged, designated 12-year-old (PF1), 29-year-old (PF2), and 53-year-old (PF3), on a Chinese pine plantation and from a natural secondary forest (NSF) stand that was almost 80 years old. Abandoned farmland (BL) was also analyzed. Shannon index values of both bacterial and fungal community in PF1 were greater than those in PF2, PF3 and NSF. Proteobacteria had the lowest abundance in BL, and the abundance increased with stand age. The abundance of Actinobacteria was greater in BL and PF1 soils than those in other sites. Among fungal communities, the dominant taxa were Ascomycota in BL and PF1 and Basidiomycota in PF2, PF3 and NSF, which reflected the successional patterns of fungal communities during the development of Chinese pine plantations. Therefore, the diversity and dominant taxa of soil microbial community in stands 12 and 29 years of age appear to have undergone significant changes; afterward, the soil microbial community achieved a relatively stable state. Furthermore, the abundances of the most dominant bacterial and fungal communities correlated significantly with organic C, total N, C:N, available N, and available P, indicating the dependence of these microbes on soil nutrients. Overall, our findings suggest that the large changes in the soil microbial community structure of Chinese pine plantation forests may be attributed to the phyla present (e.g., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) which were affected by soil carbon and nutrients in the Loess Plateau.
Need of Assistance with Daily Oral Hygiene Measures Among Nursing Home Resident Elderly Versus the Actual Assistance Received from the Staff

The aim was to evaluate the need of assistance with daily oral hygiene measures among nursing home resident elderly versus the actual assistance received from the staff. The need of daily oral hygiene assistance was assessed descriptively for nursing home resident elderly who participated in an annual oral health screening in three geographical regions in Sweden, in the year 2008. All individuals of age ≥ 65 years were included (n = 22,453; 6,327 men; 16,126 women). The proportion of individuals in need of assistance with daily oral hygiene measures was 77.5 % (n=22,453), whereas the proportion of individuals receiving assistance with daily oral hygiene measures was 6.9 % in total (n=22,453). The proportions were largely similar in all geographical regions. There seems to be a large discrepancy between the need of assistance with daily oral hygiene measures, and the oral hygiene assistance received, among nursing home resident elderly.
Dementia care in public health in Brazil and the world: A systematic review

Objective This study aimed to identify in the recent scientific literature, information on health care provided to people with dementia, dementia costs and its resource implications for public health. Methods This was a systematic review of the literature in which the articles were consulted from the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO. The review sample consisted of 45 articles. Results Examination of the studies identified the current scenario of dementia in relation to public health and public policy in Brazil and the world. The analyzed studies revealed key information on aspects of dementia in the world. There was consensus on the high prevalence of the syndrome and on the significant cost of health care and public policy for assisting the elderly with dementia. Conclusion The importance of planning and implementing new public policies was recognized, since these are essential for the organization and management of health services and directly influence the country's ability to provide health care for people with dementia.
Chandra Observations of the X-Ray Jet of 3C 273

We report results from Chandra observations of the X-ray jet of 3C 273 during the calibration phase in 2000 January. The zeroth-order images and spectra from two 40 ks exposures with the High-Energy Transmission Grating and Low-Energy Transmission Grating + Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer-S show a complex X-ray structure. The brightest optical knots are detected and resolved in the 0.2-8 keV energy band. The X-ray morphology tracks well the optical. However, while the X-ray brightness decreases along the jet, the outer parts of the jet tend to be increasingly bright with increasing wavelength. The spectral energy distributions of four selected regions can best be explained by the inverse Compton scattering of (beamed) cosmic microwave background photons. The model parameters are compatible with equipartition and a moderate Doppler factor, which is consistent with the one-sidedness of the jet. Alternative models either imply implausible physical conditions and energetics (the synchrotron self-Compton model) or are sufficiently ad hoc to be unconstrained by the present data (synchrotron radiation from a spatially or temporally distinct particle population).
Fast Zero-Shot Image Tagging

The well-known word analogy experiments show that the recent word vectors capture fine-grained linguistic regularities in words by linear vector offsets, but it is unclear how well the simple vector offsets can encode visual regularities over words. We study a particular image-word relevance relation in this paper. Our results show that the word vectors of relevant tags for a given image rank ahead of the irrelevant tags, along a principal direction in the word vector space. Inspired by this observation, we propose to solve image tagging by estimating the principal direction for an image. Particularly, we exploit linear mappings and nonlinear deep neural networks to approximate the principal direction from an input image. We arrive at a quite versatile tagging model. It runs fast given a test image, in constant time w.r. t. the training set size. It not only gives superior performance for the conventional tagging task on the NUSWIDE dataset, but also outperforms competitive baselines on annotating images with previously unseen tags.
Effectiveness of special awareness campaigns in sustaining leprosy awareness through community participation in rural areas of Maharashtra

Background: ALERT-INDIA had launched a strategic programme, leprosy elimination action programme (LEAP) involving all stakeholders, in support of integration of leprosy into general health system. Present study was performed with objectives to understand the effect of focused IEC in transfer of basic knowledge about leprosy, to assess the impact on the level of knowledge about leprosy in the community and to measure the sustainability of knowledge about leprosy over a period of time.Methods: Community level IEC campaigns under SSD and house to house leprosy IPC were carried out by trained staff of NGOs who partnered with LEAP and by trained community volunteers (CVs) from the villages respectively. The questionnaire assessment for IEC effectiveness through SSD strategy implemented is studied. The questionnaire was administered with the interval of 1 month, 3 months and 9 months after SSD to assess the knowledge retention, perspective and sustainability of leprosy awareness.Results: The lowest in SSD area was the knowledge about early signs followed by perception about deformity, spread, and cause. In non-SSD area lowest correct responses was in regard with early sign of infectious leprosy followed by spread, infectivity, cause, perception about deformity, patch as early sign and perception about social acceptance.Conclusions: Focused IEC as a part of selective special drive (SSD) with involvement of CVs properly inducted can increase the level of knowledge and help sustain the leprosy awareness.
Molecular mechanisms underlying lymphocyte recirculation II. Differential regulation of LFA‐1 in the interaction between lymphocytes and high endothelial cells

Although it has been suggested that LFA‐1 is one of the important molecules mediating interaction between lymphocytes and high endothelial (HE) cells, the implication was based on the observation that lymphocyte binding to high endothelial venules in frozen lymph node sections was partially inhibited by anti‐LFA‐1 monoclonal antibody at 4°. However, it has previously been unequivocally demonstrated that LFA‐1 molecule is unable to function at this low temperature.
Self-Adjusting Memory: How to Deal with Diverse Drift Types

Data Mining in non-stationary data streams is particularly relevant in the context of the Internet of Things and Big Data. Its challenges arise from fundamentally different drift types violating assumptions of data independence or stationarity. Available methods often struggle with certain forms of drift or require unavailable a priori task knowledge. We propose the Self-Adjusting Memory (SAM) model for the k Nearest Neighbor (kNN) algorithm. SAM-kNN can deal with heterogeneous concept drift, i.e. different drift types and rates. Its basic idea are dedicated models for current and former concepts used according to the demands of the given situation. It can be robustly applied in practice without meta parameter optimization. We conduct an extensive evaluation on various benchmarks, consisting of artificial streams with known drift characteristics and real-world datasets. Highly competitive results throughout all experiments underline the robustness of SAM-kNN as well as its capability to handle heterogeneous concept drift.
Exercise prescription using resting heart rate plus 20 or perceived exertion in cardiac rehabilitation.

PURPOSE For patients starting a cardiac rehabilitation program, exercise intensity often is set 20 beats per minute above the standing resting heart rate (RHR+20) or in a range of 11 to 13 on Borg's Scale for Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE 11-13). The purpose of this study was to determine the actual exercise intensity, expressed as a percentage of peak oxygen uptake reserve (%VO2R) using these techniques. METHODS For this study, 11 new referrals to a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program voluntarily underwent a symptom-limited exercise test and a field test that consisted of self-paced over-the-ground walking for 10 minutes at levels corresponding to RPE 11-13 and RHR+20. During both tests, gas exchange data were obtained via the Cosmed K4b and heart rate via the Polar monitor. RESULTS The mean %VO2R at RHR+20 (41.8 +/- 12.3%) and RPE 11-13 (71 +/- 15.3% mL.kg.min) were significantly different. Exercise at RHR+20 resulted in 4 of the 11 patients (36%) exercising at less than 40% VO2R, 6 of the patients (55%) exercising at 40% to 60% VO2R, and 1 of the patients (9%) exercising at more than 60% VO2R. Exercise at RPE 11-13 resulted in 1 of the 11 patients (9%) exercising at less than 40% VO2R, 1 of the patients at exercising at 40% to 60% VO2R (9%), and 9 of the patients (82%) exercising at more than 60% VO2R. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that using RHR+20 or RPE 11-13 to prescribe exercise intensity during over-the-ground walking for phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation patients results in substantial intersubject variability and raises questions about the safety and efficacy of these approaches.
Sintering Inhibition of Silver Nanoparticle Films via AgCl Nanocrystal Formation

Electrically conductive films are key components in most printed and flexible electronics applications. For the solution processing of conductive films, inks containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) remain important because of their relatively easy processing and generally low resistivity after a sintering procedure. Because the commonly used, moderate sintering temperatures of 150–300 °C are still too high for most low-cost flexible substrates, expanding the knowledge of surface-ink interactions that affect the sintering temperature is desirable. It is known that chloride ions can assist the sintering of AgNP films by displacing capping agents on the surfaces of AgNPs. However, very little is known about other possible Cl-AgNP interactions that affect the resistivity and no interaction having the opposite effect (sintering inhibition) has been identified before. Here we identify such a Cl-AgNP interaction giving sintering inhibition and find that the mechanism involves the formation of AgCl nanocrystals within the AgNP film. The AgCl formation was observed after inkjet-printing of AgNP inks with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the capping agent onto papers with quick-absorbing coatings containing 0.3 wt % KCl. Our findings show that chloride can have opposite roles during sintering, either assisting or inhibiting the sintering depending on the prevalence of AgCl formation. The prevalence of AgCl formation depends on the absorption properties and the capping agent.
Vascular Disease in Mice With a Dysfunctional Circadian Clock

Background— Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States and the world. A profound pattern exists in the time of day at which the death occurs; it is in the morning, when the endothelium is most vulnerable and blood pressure surges, that stroke and heart attack most frequently happen. Although the molecular components of circadian rhythms rhythmically oscillate in blood vessels, evidence of a direct function for the “circadian clock” in the progression to vascular disease is lacking. Methods and Results— In the present study, we found increased pathological remodeling and vascular injury in mice with aberrant circadian rhythms, Bmal1-knockout and Clock mutant. In addition, naive aortas from Bmal1-knockout and Clock mutant mice exhibit endothelial dysfunction. Akt and subsequent nitric oxide signaling, a pathway critical to vascular function, was significantly attenuated in arteries from Bmal1-knockout mice. Conclusions— Our data reveal a new role for the circadian clock during chronic vascular responses that may be of significance in the progression of vascular disease.
Impact of ALLHAT publication on antihypertensive prescribing patterns in Regione Emilia‐Romagna, Italy

Background and objective: Studies from the US and Canada observed changes in antihypertensive prescribing patterns in accordance with Antihypertensive and Lipid‐Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) study findings immediately after the study’s publication, but little is known about the impact of ALLHAT in Italy. The objective of this study was to examine antihypertensive prescribing patterns in Regione Emilia‐Romagna (RER), Italy, following the publication of the ALLHAT main results.
LncRNA UCA1 promotes proliferation and cisplatin resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma by sunppressing miR‐184 expression

Chemotherapy resistance has become the main obstacle for the effective treatment of human cancers. Long non‐coding RNA urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) is generally regarded as an oncogene in some cancers. However, the function and molecular mechanism of UCA1 implicated in cisplatin (CDDP) chemoresistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still not fully established. UCA1 expression in tumor tissues and cells was tested by qRT‐PCR. MTT, flow cytometry and caspase‐3 activity analysis were explored to evaluate the CDDP sensitivity in OSCC cells. Western blot analysis was used to measure BCL2, Bax and SF1 protein expression. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to investigate the molecular relationship between UCA1, miR‐184, and SF1. Nude mice model was used to confirm the functional role of UCA1 in CDDP resistance in vivo. UCA1 expression was upregulated in OSCC tissues, cell lines, and CDDP resistant OSCC cells. Function analysis revealed that UCA1 facilitated proliferation, enhanced CDDP chemoresistance, and suppressed apoptosis in OSCC cells. Mechanisms investigation indicated that UCA1 could interact with miR‐184 to repress its expression. Rescue experiments suggested that downregulation of miR‐184 partly reversed the tumor suppression effect and CDDP chemosensitivity of UCA1 knockdown in CDDP‐resistant OSCC cells. Moreover, UCA1 could perform as a miR‐184 sponge to modulate SF1 expression. The OSCC nude mice model experiments demonstrated that depletion of UCA1 further boosted CDDP‐mediated repression effect on tumor growth. UCA1 accelerated proliferation, increased CDDP chemoresistance and restrained apoptosis partly through modulating SF1 via sponging miR‐184 in OSCC cells, suggesting that targeting UCA1 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for OSCC patients
Return to Work After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Comparison Between Young Women and Men

Background—Return to work after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important outcome and is particularly relevant to young patients. Women may be at a greater risk for not returning to work given evidence of their worse recovery after AMI than similarly aged men. However, sex differences in return to work after AMI has not been studied extensively in a young population (⩽55 years). Methods and Results—We analyzed data from 1680 patients with AMI aged 18 to 55 years (57% women) participating in the Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study who were working full time (≥35 hours) before the event. Data were obtained by medical record abstraction and patient interviews. We conducted multivariable regression analyses to examine sex differences in return to work at 12 months after AMI, and the association of patient characteristics with return to work. When compared with young men, young women were less likely to return to work (89% versus 85%; 85% versus 89%, P=0.02); however, this sex difference was not significant after adjusting for patient sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, and health measures. Being married, engaging in a professional or clerical type of work, having more favorable physical health, and having no previous coronary disease or hypertension were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of return to work at 12 months. Conclusions—Among a young population, women are less likely to return to work after AMI than men. This disadvantage is explained by differences in demographic, occupational, and health characteristics.