Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Mediating Effect of Organizational Trust Between Organizational Justice Dimensions and Affective Commitment

Extant research has established that perceptions of justice in the organizational arena lead to desirable employee attitudes and behaviours. However, there seems to be a paucity of research exploring how social exchange variables act as mechanisms linking justice perceptions with their output. The present research is therefore a small step towards bridging this gap by examining the role of a social exchange variable, Organizational Trust (Trust), as mediating the relationship between each of the three Organizational Justice dimensions: Distributive (DJ), Procedural (PJ) and Interactional Justice (IJ), and an organizational level outcome (Affective Organizational Commitment - OC). The study finds that PJ and IJ does not have any significant relationship with Trust and only the relation between DJ and OC is fully mediated by Trust. Further, there is no interaction effect of the three justice dimensions upon Trust. The study concludes with a discussion regarding the findings, the limitations under which it has been conducted, and its implications for management practice.
Perception sociale de la maladie d'Alzheimer : les multiples facettes de l'oubli

Peu d’etudes sont disponibles en France sur les representations sociales de la maladie d’Alzheimer, meme si les acteurs concernes (decideurs, professionnels et familles) temoignent d’une image negative de la maladie. L’Institut national de prevention et d’education pour la sante (INPES) a mis en place une serie d’enquetes visant a explorer et analyser les perceptions, connaissances et opinions de la population, des aidants familiaux et des professionnels de sante a l’egard de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Les resultats des trois premieres etudes revelent que les representations sociales de la maladie d’Alzheimer sont assez similaires quel que soit le degre de proximite et de connaissances de la maladie : elles assimilent les pertes de memoire et la maladie d’Alzheimer, la vieillesse et la maladie d’Alzheimer. Les relations entre ces representations et une possible stigmatisation de la personne malade sont evoquees mais necessitent des recherches complementaires.
Implementation of a scripting language for VRML/X3D-based embodied agents

Embodied agents or humanoid avatars may effectively be used to communicate with human users. Currently there is a wide range of specification formalisms and scripting languages for embodied agents, many of which are of a somewhat ad hoc nature lacking clear semantics. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of a scripting language for humanoid avatars in VRML/X3D-based environments. The scripting language STEP is based on dynamic logic, which provides a clear semantics for complex behavioral patterns. Moreover, the implementation of STEP is realized in a platform that extends VRML/X3D with distributed logic programming (DLP), which provides the computational support necessary to realize such complex behavioral patterns as well as the interaction with a (rich media) 3D environment. As an application example, we will discuss the development of an instructional VR for Tai Chi (the Chinese art of movement), illustrating how our approach allows for the creation of reusable libraries of behavioral patterns. We will discuss some implementation issues, in particular how to realize parallel actions and synchronization within an environment.
"Never the twain shall meet": exploring the differences between Japanese and Norwegian IS professionals

This study focuses on the IS professionals of Japan and Norway and investigates whether there are more similarities between them on professional factors than on factors influenced by their respective national cultures.A survey was conducted and there was support for the folowing hypothesis: IS professionals in Japan and Norway are different, both in terms of their general culture and in their views on life and work. They also differ in terms of IS job satisfaction and values. It was also found that there were stronger similarities between them on some professional factors than on those unrelated to the IS field.
Simultaneous EUVE/ASCA/RXTE Observations of NGC 5548

We present simultaneous observations by EUVE, ASCA, and RXTE of the type 1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 5548. These data indicate that variations in the EUV emission (at ~0.2 keV) appear to lead similar modulations in higher energy (≳1 keV) X-rays by ~10-30 ks. This is contrary to popular models which attribute the correlated variability of the EUV, UV and optical emission in type 1 Seyferts to reprocessing of higher energy radiation. This behavior instead suggests that the variability of the optical through EUV emission is an important driver for the variability of the harder X-rays which are likely produced by thermal Comptonization. We also compute the power density spectra at the various energy bands probed by these observations. Over 10-300 ks timescales, the emission in EUV shows about a factor of two greater rms variability than that of the 2-20 keV RXTE-PCA band—18. ± 1.4% versus 7.4 ± 0.6%. On longer timescales, we construct a PDS from 1-12 keV RXTE-ASM data which shows evidence for a break at about 6 × 10-8 Hz. Furthermore, we find that the combined RXTE-ASM/PCA power spectrum is remarkably similar in shape to PDSs found for the low/hard states of Galactic black hole candidates such as Cygnus X-1. The implied scaling factor of ~106 is comparable to the expected mass ratio for these two objects. In addition, we investigate the spectral characteristics of the fluorescent iron Kα line and Compton reflection emission. In contrast to prior measurements of these spectral features, we find that the iron Kα line has a relatively small equivalent width (WKα ~ 100 eV) and that the reflection component is consistent with a covering factor which is significantly less than unity (Ω/2π ~ 0.4-0.5). Notably, although the 2-10 keV X-ray flux varies by ~±25% and the derived reflection fraction appears to be constant throughout our observations, the flux in the iron Kα line is also constant. This behavior is difficult to reconcile in the context of standard Compton reflection models.
Moving barriers: Promoting learning for diversity in initial teacher education

This study considers the effectiveness of initial teacher education in one university college in Northern Ireland in preparing students for teaching in an increasingly diverse society and promoting a culture of tolerance. A cohort of 168 students in their final year were surveyed and this was followed by three focus group interviews. The findings showed that the student population came from a largely similar sociocultural background, with little prior experience of diverse contexts. Although students viewed the accommodation of diversity as an important issue for teachers, a limited number felt comfortable with and prepared for dealing with diversity in the classroom. The paper proposes that alternative strategies need to be employed to ensure the more effective preparation of beginning teachers.
The Effects of Contracts on Interpersonal Trust

This paper uses two laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of contracts on interpersonal trust. We predict that the use of binding contracts to promote or mandate cooperation will lead interacting parties to attribute others' cooperation to the constraints imposed by the contract rather than to the individuals themselves, thus reducing the likelihood of trust developing. We also predict that, although non-binding contracts may not generate as much initial cooperation as binding contracts, they will generate personal rather than situational attributions for any cooperation that results and will therefore not interfere with trust development. Two experiments investigated the effects of the use and removal of binding and non-binding contracts. When binding contracts that were previously allowed were no longer allowed or no longer chosen, trust dropped significantly. In contrast, non-binding contracts led to considerable cooperation, and their removal reduced trust less than removing binding contracts. Behavioral and perceptual data suggest that non-binding contracts lead to personal attributions for cooperation and thus may provide an optimal basis for building interpersonal trust in a variety of situations.
Inhabiting the other's world: language and cultural immersion for US-based teachers in the Dominican Republic

This paper discusses the conception, goals, highlights, and outcomes of a four-week study-abroad seminar in the Dominican Republic (DR) for pre- and in-service teachers of English language learners from the New York metropolitan area. The seminar was designed to have teachers experience first-hand the phases and challenges of second language learning, and enhance understanding of their immigrant students' culture with a view to transform such an experience into culturally responsive pedagogy. The 17 seminar participants all lived with host families while engaging in intensive Spanish language study at a university in the DR and simultaneously taking a graduate course on second language acquisition. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of data sources, including language questionnaires, an intercultural development inventory, culture portfolios, and post-seminar evaluations and interviews showed that participants developed empathy for immigrant students' linguistic struggles, developed a better understanding of the language-learning process, and came to appreciate the complexity of culture and cultural adaptation. The study also underscored the need for teacher education curriculum to be more culturally responsive to the rapidly increasing linguistic and cultural diversity in the student population today.
Data hiding in homomorphically encrypted medical images for verifying their reliability in both encrypted and spatial domains

In this paper, we propose a new scheme of data hiding of encrypted images for the purpose of verifying the reliability of an image into both encrypted and spatial domains. This scheme couples the Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) and the Paillier cryptosystem. It relies on the insertion into the image, before its encryption, of a predefined watermark, a “pre-watermark”. Message insertion (resp. extraction) is conducted into (resp. from) the encrypted image using a modified version of QIM. It is the impact of this insertion process onto the “pre-watermark” that gives access to the message in the spatial domain, i.e. after the image has been decrypted. With our scheme, encryption/decryption processes are completely independent from message embedding/extraction. One does not need to know the encryption/decryption key for hiding a message into the encrypted image. Experiments conducted on ultrasound medical images show that the image distortion is very low while offering a high capacity that can support different watermarking based security objectives.
Regulation of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by anti-delta-like ligand 4 monoclonal antibody.

PURPOSE To investigate the involvement of δ-like ligand (Dll)4 in the development of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in B10.RIII mice. METHODS B10.RIII mice were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) peptide 161-180 in complete Freund's adjuvant together with intraperitoneal injection of Bordetella pertussis toxin. mRNA expressions of Notch receptors and their ligands in the eye were evaluated. To investigate the involvement of Dll in EAU, anti-Dll1, anti-Dll4, or control antibody (Ab) was intraperitoneally injected during both the induction and the effector phases or only the effector phase. Alternatively, mice were intraperitoneally injected with γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) or the control vehicle during the induction phase. Fourteen days after immunization, the eyes and spleens were harvested. The eyes were used for histologic and/or cytokine mRNA expression analysis, whereas the spleens were used for flow cytometric analysis, and antigen-recall proliferation and cytokine assays. RESULTS Expression of Notch1, 2, 4, and Dll4 in the eye were upregulated by EAU induction. Anti-Dll4 Ab treatment during both the induction and effector phases, but not only the effector phase, significantly reduced the severity of EAU. IFN-γ, IL-12p35, IL-17A, and TGF-β mRNA expression in the eye were significantly attenuated by treatment with anti-Dll4 Ab. Splenocytes from anti-Dll4 Ab-treated mice showed significantly less proliferation and IL-17 production on antigen stimulation. Also, the severity of EAU was significantly reduced by γ-secretase inhibitor treatment during the induction phase. CONCLUSIONS; Dll4-mediated Notch signaling during the sensitization is critical for the development of EAU. This can be a novel prophylactic target for autoimmune uveitis.
INCREASING TREATMENT ACCEPTABILITY THROUGH VIDEO

The effects of a video vignette on the treatment acceptability ratings of four behavioral interventions were evaluated. Two interventions involved positive reinforcement (DRO and DRI) and two negative consequences (contingent physical restraint and contingent electric shock). Seventy-four undergraduate psychology students were randomly assigned into two groups. The experimental group (n=36) viewed a video vignette of a self-abusive individual whereas the control group (n=38) did not. Acceptability ratings prior to the video showed no differences between the experimental and control groups. The post video ratings indicated significant acceptability increases for physical restraint for the experimental group. There also was a significant group by testing effect because the means for the experimental group rose whereas the control group's means were stable. These results replicated and extended Foxx, McHenry and Bremer (in press) who showed that treatment acceptability is alterable through video.
Influence of Workplace Bullying and Leader-Member Exchange on Turnover Intention among Nurses

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify the impact of workplace bullying and LMX (LeaderMember Exchange) on turnover intention among nurses. Methods: The participants were 364 nurses from the Seoul metropolitan area who were attending a continuing education program. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using the SPSS/Window program. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to verify the effect of variables on turnover intention. Results: Higher workplace bullying was associated with higher turnover intention. Workplace bullying was negatively correlated with leader-member exchange. The most influential factors for turnover intention were LMX (β=-7.22, p<.001), work load (β=2.96, p=.003), and workplace bullying (β=2.64, p=.009). These factors accounted for 28% of the variance in turnover intention. Conclusion: The study results indicate that there is need to develop strategies to prevent workplace bullying and cultivate a good relationship between nursing managers and nurses to lower nurses’ turnover intention.
Hunting for Women

In 1983 Benedict Anderson famously claimed that the ethnic fraternity enabled millions of people to kill, and more so to die, over the past two centuries, in the name of their perceived community. While plenty of subsequent research focused on both the ethnic and violent part of this equation, the fraternal aspect has gone almost unnoticed in mainstream academia. In contrast, male identity, although not necessarily ethnic, and links to violence has held a prominent place in feminist research. Acknowledgement and exploration of the associations between male ethnicity identity and violence is essential to the field of ethnic and racial studies because gendered violence appears to be a crucial element of consolidating male ethnicity. If the gendered elements of ethnicity continue to be ignored, violent ethnic conflict will remain a ‘murky’ area. Supported by emerging feminist research on ethnicity and established feminist work on fraternity and violence, the following research examines one act, bride-kidnapping in Kyrgyzstan, in an attempt to explore the relatively ignored links between ethnic identity, violence and gender.
Multidisciplinary outpatient treatment in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: A randomised controlled intervention study

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a multidisciplinary outpatient follow-up programme compared to follow-up by a general practitioner for patients being at-risk or sick-listed with persistent post-concussion symptoms two months after a mild traumatic brain injury. Design: Randomised controlled trial. Patients: One hundred fifty-one patients, 16–56 years. Methods: Multidisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation with individual contacts and a psycho-educational group intervention at two outpatient rehabilitation clinics compared to follow-up by a general practitioner after the multidisciplinary examination. Primary outcome was sustainable return-to-work first year post-injury. Secondary outcomes were post-concussion symptoms, disability, the patient’s impressions of change and psychological distress. Results: Days to sustainable return-to-work was 90 in the intervention and 71 in the control group (p = 0.375). The number of post-concussion symptoms were fewer in the intervention (6) compared to the control group (8) at 12 months (p = 0.041). No group differences were observed for disability (p = 0.193), patients impression of change (p = 0.285) or psychological distress (p = 0.716). Conclusion: The multidisciplinary outpatient follow-up programme focusing on better understanding and reassurance of favourable outcome for mild traumatic brain injury did not improve return-to-work, but may have reduced the development of post-concussion symptoms. Additional studies should focus on which factors exhibit a direct impact on return-to-work.
Narrative Inquiry as Pedagogy in Education

In a fractured age, when cynicism is god, here is a possible heresy: we live by stories, we also live in them. One way or another we are living the stories planted in us early or—knowingly or unknowingly—in ourselves. We live stories that either give our lives meaning or negate it with meaningless. If we change the stories we live by, quite possibly we change our lives. (Okri, 1997, as cited in King, 2003, p. 153)
Exertional dyspnoea in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Dyspnoea is a principal presenting symptom in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and often the most distressing. The pathophysiology of PAH is relatively well understood, with the primary abnormality of pulmonary vascular disease resulting in a combination of impaired cardiac output on exercise and abnormal gas exchange, both contributing to increased ventilatory drive. However, increased ventilatory drive is not the sole explanation for the complex neurophysiological and neuropsychological symptom of dyspnoea, with other significant contributions from skeletal muscle reflexes, respiratory muscle function, and psychological and emotional status. In this review, we explore the physiological aspects of dyspnoea in PAH, both in terms of the central cardiopulmonary abnormalities of PAH and the wider, systemic impact of PAH, and how these interact with common comorbidities. Finally, we discuss its relationship with disease severity. Dyspnoea is a complex integration of all the cardiopulmonary and systemic abnormalities in PAH http://ow.ly/D13W30dMDwJ
A reflective review of disruptive innovation theory

This paper is devoted to integrate and discuss the latest arguments on the Disruptive Innovation theory, and to provoke questions for further research. The key issues have been summarized into three major perspectives: (1) "What is disruptive technology and disruptive innovation", including the evolution, description, and the actual definition of disruptive innovation. (2) "The predictive use of the theory" and (3) "How to enable a potential disruptive innovation". After an extensive and reflective review, we have found that the research focus to- date has well studied the business model and organizational challenges of exploiting disruptive innovation. There is a trend to tailor abundant knowledge and tools of marketing literature to study identification of emerging markets and customers' latent needs. The technology perspective received very limited coverage and a significant amount of research is recommended on the purposeful creation of candidate technologies for disruptive innovation. A series of potential inhibitors and enablers of Disruptive Innovation are also identified as managerial "take-away".
ER Degradation of a Misfolded Luminal Protein by the Cytosolic Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway

Secretion of proteins is initiated by their uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which possesses a proteolytic system able to degrade misfolded and nonassembled proteins. The ER degradation system was studied with yeast mutants defective in the breakdown of a mutated soluble vacuolar protein, carboxypeptidase yscY (CPY*). The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc7p participated in the degradation process, which was mediated by the cytosolic 26S proteasome. It is likely that CPY* entered the ER, was glycosylated, and was then transported back out of the ER lumen to the cytoplasmic side of the organelle, where it was conjugated with ubiquitin and degraded.
Análisis comparativo de las nuevas estructuras familiares como contextos potenciadores del desarrollo psicológico infantil

Resumen En este trabajo se analiza comparativamente la calidad de los contextos familiares en grupos de familias tradicionales, monoparentales, reconstituidas, adoptivas, homoparentales y de nacimientos múltiples. Las familias reconstituidas obtienen el perfil de calidad del contexto familiar más bajo y las familias homoparentales el perfil más alto. Los resultados conducen a la conclusión de que no es la estructura familiar en sí, sino las variables sociodemográficas y las interactivas asociadas a las mismas, las que conforman la calidad de los contextos familiares.
Spain in the European Union

This article focuses on Spanish interpretations of the European integration process. Based on extensive use of primary sources and interviews, the article examines perceptions of national identity, nationalism and people’s cultural attachment to the European Union (EU). It discusses the diversity of opinions among the different political parties, labor unions, business leaders and lay citizens regarding the organization of the EU. The study is located in the cultural studies approaches that attempt to describe the complexity and interdependence of political, economic and ideological structures. It shows that the EU is as much about representation and cultural meanings as it is about political economy. In addition, this research shows that national identity is reconstituted, maintained, internalized and reproduced in social processes that involve confrontations and competing interests in the EU. Finally, it reveals that the EU has thus far not contributed to superseding the prominence of the nation-state and nationalism and has not decisively engaged the Spanish populace to support a federal Europe.