Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of the alternatively spliced OPRM1 isoform &mgr;-opioid receptor-1K in HIV-infected individuals

Objective:We previously examined the expression of specific C-terminal &mgr;-opioid receptor (MOR) splice variants in human central nervous system cell types and HIV-infected brain tissue from individuals with neurocognitive impairment ± HIV encephalitis (HIVE). In the present study, we examined the N-terminal splice variant MOR-1K, which mediates excitatory cellular signaling. Methods and results:We found segregation of expression ranging from undetectable to seemingly exclusive across nervous system cell types compared to the pool of C-terminal MOR splice variants using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Expression of MOR-1K mRNA was also increased in HIV-infected individuals with combined neurocognitive impairment and HIVE compared with the other groups. MOR-1K expression correlated with the level of patient neurocognitive impairment, whereas the pool of C-terminal MOR splice variants did not. HIVE was also associated with increased expression of the inflammatory mediators MCP-1, MCP-2, and RANTES, but not the host HIV coreceptors CXCR4 and CCR5 or the CD4 receptor using qRT-PCR. Network analysis of microarray data from these same patients revealed filamin A (FLNA) as a possible interaction partner with MOR-1K, and FLNA gene expression was also found to be upregulated in HIVE using qRT-PCR. Overexpression of FLNA in HEK293 cells redistributed MOR-1K from intracellular compartments to the cell surface. Conclusion:These results suggest that HIVE, and neurocognitive impairment depending on its severity, are associated with enhanced MOR-1K signaling through both increased expression and trafficking to the cell surface, which may alter the contribution of MOR receptor isoforms and exacerbate the effects of MOR activation in neuroAIDS.
Sexual offending in the context of mental illness

Abstract The last decade has seen a sustained interest by both psychologists and psychiatrists in sexual offending. To date, research into the mentally ill sex offender has been limited, with few empirical studies. Home Office statistics demonstrate a rise in numbers of both restricted and unrestricted patients admitted to hospital by sexual offence. These patients are usually detained under the category of mental illness within the meaning of the Mental Health Act 1983. Forensic psychiatrists are expected to possess an expertise in the assessment and treatment of this population and to address concerns about recidivism. The relevance of theories of sexual offending to the mentally ill is explored and consideration given to any role mental illness may play in the offence.
Comparative genomic analyses reveal a vast, novel network of nucleotide-centric systems in biological conflicts, immunity and signaling

Cyclic di- and linear oligo-nucleotide signals activate defenses against invasive nucleic acids in animal immunity; however, their evolutionary antecedents are poorly understood. Using comparative genomics, sequence and structure analysis, we uncovered a vast network of systems defined by conserved prokaryotic gene-neighborhoods, which encode enzymes generating such nucleotides or alternatively processing them to yield potential signaling molecules. The nucleotide-generating enzymes include several clades of the DNA-polymerase β-like superfamily (including Vibrio cholerae DncV), a minimal version of the CRISPR polymerase and DisA-like cyclic-di-AMP synthetases. Nucleotide-binding/processing domains include TIR domains and members of a superfamily prototyped by Smf/DprA proteins and base (cytokinin)-releasing LOG enzymes. They are combined in conserved gene-neighborhoods with genes for a plethora of protein superfamilies, which we predict to function as nucleotide-sensors and effectors targeting nucleic acids, proteins or membranes (pore-forming agents). These systems are sometimes combined with other biological conflict-systems such as restriction-modification and CRISPR/Cas. Interestingly, several are coupled in mutually exclusive neighborhoods with either a prokaryotic ubiquitin-system or a HORMA domain-PCH2-like AAA+ ATPase dyad. The latter are potential precursors of equivalent proteins in eukaryotic chromosome dynamics. Further, components from these nucleotide-centric systems have been utilized in several other systems including a novel diversity-generating system with a reverse transcriptase. We also found the Smf/DprA/LOG domain from these systems to be recruited as a predicted nucleotide-binding domain in eukaryotic TRPM channels. These findings point to evolutionary and mechanistic links, which bring together CRISPR/Cas, animal interferon-induced immunity, and several other systems that combine nucleic-acid-sensing and nucleotide-dependent signaling.
Ahrensia marina sp. nov., a dimethylsulfoniopropionate-cleaving bacterium isolated from seawater, and emended descriptions of the genus Ahrensia and Ahrensia kielensis.

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, light-beige, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with peritrichous flagella that cleaves dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), designated strain LZD062T, was isolated from bottom seawater of the East China Sea. The isolate required sea salts for growth and grew optimally at pH 8.0 and 28 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. The major fatty acid (>10 %) was summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified glycolipid. Ubiquinone Q-10 was the only quinone detected. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and atpD gene sequences placed LZD062T within the genus Ahrensia of the family Phyllobacteriaceae in the class Alphaproteobacteria. The most closely related type strain was, in both cases, Ahrensia kielensis JCM 20689T ( = IAM 12618T = DSM 5890T), which gave sequence similarities of 97.7 % in the 16S rRNA gene and 90.4 % in the atpD gene. Genome relatedness between strain LZD062T and A. kielensis JCM 20689T was computed using both genome-to-genome distance analysis and average nucleotide identity, giving values of 22.10 ± 2.35 and 79.55 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content calculated from the genome sequence was 50.1 mol%. On the basis of our polyphasic analyses, strain LZD062T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Ahrensia, for which the name Ahrensia marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LZD062T ( = MCCC 1K00254T = JCM 30117T = DSM 28886T). Emended descriptions of the genus Ahrensia and Ahrensia kielensis are also proposed.
Conditioned and external fear inhibition in combat- related PTSD in Croatian war veterans.

One of the central problems in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is impaired fear inhibition under safe conditions. Our previous studies showed that patients with the highest symptoms have impaired inhibition of fear-potentiated startle. However, this impairment was seen both in conditioned inhibition (in the presence of a safety signal) and in external inhibition (in the presence of a novel stimulus), both of which were present in the controls. In the present study we used the same conditioned inhibition experiment with fear-potentiated startle (AX+/BX-) in 33 human subjects from Croatia (16 controls and 17 PTSD patients). In this paradigm one set of stimuli (AX+) predicted an aversive air blast and another set of stimuli (BX-) predicted omission of the air blast. The AB compound trial measured conditioned inhibition in which B transferred inhibition to A, while the AC trial measured external inhibition since C is neutral. Prior to the AX+/BX- session all subjects were given a pre-exposure session to all stimuli in order to reduce the effect of novelty. Subjects indicated trial-by-trial airblast expectancy by pressing buttons on a keypad. The controls showed more fear-potentiated startle in the presence of AX+ than BX- (F(1, 15)=11.59, p<0.001) ; and inhibited potentiation to AB compared to AX+ (F(1, 15)=7.61, p=0.01). Startle to AC was not inhibited relative to AX suggesting that pre-exposure eliminated external inhibition. Furthermore, in the controls, AB was inhibited relative to AC (F(1, 15)=6.17, p<0.05) showing transfer of safety. The PTSD patients did not show discrimination compared to AX+ on either AB or AC, and hence did not transfer safety to the AB trial. The expectancy ratings showed that both the control and PTSD subjects did not expect an airblast on the AB or AC trials ; however, only the controls showed inhibition of startle on the AB trials. These results suggest that impaired inhibition of fear-potentiated startle in PTSD patients is specific to conditioned inhibition, i.e., that they cannot transfer inhibition from a safety signal.
Fabrication of a High-Efficiency Waveguide Antenna Array via Direct Metal Laser Sintering

The direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique, using aluminum alloy, is adopted to fabricate a relatively large 8 ×8 wideband multilayer waveguide array with an integrated corporate-fed network in the Ku-band. This DMLS technique offers the flexibility to fabricate waveguide structures with complicated embedded structures with good reliability and high precision. It is favorably compared to the time-consuming machining technique when the array must be built in separate pieces and secured together. Experimental results show there is 1.0 ~ 1.5 dB gain improvement compared to one that is fabricated by machining technique. Antenna aperture efficiency is higher than 80% over a wide operational bandwidth and even exceeding 90% at most frequencies. This work shows that the metal-direct-printing technique is a promising manufacturing method for the fabrication of complicated waveguide antenna arrays.
Marketing Mix Drivers of Clients Satisfaction in Technology-enabled Service: Study of Nigerian GSM Subscribers

Rapid diffusion of mobile telephone services is accompanied with low satisfaction and high switching behavior many markets. Despite the popularity of technology diffusion studies in marketing literature, limited research concentrate on the impact of marketing mix variables vis-a-vis clients’ satisfaction. Much fewer studies were conducted in developing nations. This paper investigates the influence of marketing mix on clients’ satisfaction with innovation adoption in Nigerian GSM market. Building on Technology Adoption Life-Cycle Model and extensive literature review, six constructs were theoretically developed and statistically validated. Multiple regression run on a sample of 373 subscribers drawn from four universities, indicates the five marketing mix variables predict 52% of the variance on clients’ satisfaction. Furthermore beta coefficients revealed Core Service (0.38) makes the strongest unique contribution in explaining clients’ Satisfaction followed by Pricing at 0.22, while Distribution (0.072) is the only variable not making significant contribution to the model.
Rapid lateral diffusion of extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors in the developing muscle membrane of Xenopus tadpole

We have studied the lateral diffusion of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors in the extrajunctional region of developing myotomal muscle cell membrane of Xenopus tadpoles by a technique of local inactivation. The myotomal muscle cell surfaces of Xenopus tadpoles were exposed to external solution by gently removing the skin of the tail. The density of ACh receptors was monitored by membrane depolarizations in response to iontophoretically applied pulses of ACh. A pulse of alpha- bungarotoxin was pressure ejected onto the exposed fiber surface, resulting in a rapid local inactivation of the ACh receptors. With time, the functional ACh receptors diffused into the region of inactivation, producing a recovery of ACh response. That the observed recovery of ACh sensitivity is due to diffusion of ACh receptors from the unexposed undersurface of the fiber to the inactivated region was evidenced by the following: (1) no recovery was observed following prolonged toxin application; (2) pretreatment of the muscle cells with concanavalin A, which cross-links and immobilizes ACh receptors, prevented recovery; (3) mapping of ACh response along the muscle cell axis showed that the recovery cannot be accounted for by diffusion along the longitudinal axis of the fiber; and (4) the diffusion coefficients observed after scaling the recovery rate with fiber radius fell within a small range (1.5 to 4.0 X 10(-9) cm2/sec), consistent with diffusion of ACh receptors around the fiber circumference. This finding of rapid lateral diffusion within developing tadpole myotomal muscle membrane supports the notion that the localization of ACh receptors induced by innervation could be achieved by a “diffusion- trap” mechanism where the nerve contact region serves as a trap for rapidly diffusing receptors in the membrane.
Oxidation of sulfide by Spartina alterniflora roots

Root tips from the marsh grass Spartina alterniflora, collected from areas of high and low pore‐water sulfide, exhibited a substantial capacity to catalyze sulfide oxidation, as determined by closed‐chamber respirometry. A large proportion of this catalysis was apparently nonenzymatic and was higher in roots of plants from the high‐sulfide versus the low‐sulfide site. Activity exhibiting characteristics of enzymatic sulfide oxidation was significantly higher in plants from the low‐sulfide site. Results from elemental analysis of root tissue were consistent with the theory that metals play a role in nonenzymatic catalysis. These results indicate that estuarine plants may detoxify environmental sulfide via sulfide oxidation.
Turán ’ s theorem with colors

We consider a generalization of Turán’s theorem for edge-colored graphs. Suppose that R (red) and B (blue) are graphs on the same vertex set of size n. We conjecture that if R and B each have more than (1− 1/k)n/2 edges, and K is a (k + 1)-clique whose edges are arbitrarily colored with red and blue, then R ∪B contains a colored copy of K, for all k + 1 6∈ {4, 6, 8}. If k + 1 ∈ {4, 6, 8}, then the same conclusion holds except for certain specified edge-colorings of Kk+1. We prove this conjecture for all 2-edge-colorings of Kk+1 that contain a monochromatic Kk. We also prove the conjecture for k + 1 ∈ {3, 4, 5}.
Epileptogenicity of Focal Malformations Due to Abnormal Cortical Development: Direct Electrocorticographic–Histopathologic Correlations

Summary: Purpose: Malformations due to abnormal cortical development (MCDs) are common pathologic substrates of medically intractable epilepsy. The in situ epileptogenicity of these lesions as well as its relation to histopathologic changes remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to correlate the cellular patterns of MCDs with the expression of focal cortical epileptogenicity as assessed by direct extraoperative electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings by using subdural grids.
FASHION: MALAYSIAN MUSLIM WOMEN PERSPECTIVE

This paper introduces an in-depth discussion of the various interpretations of what fashion is, and the items considered as part and parcel of fashion. Generally fashion is seen as an object of beautification for women, yet it brings new meanings to their lives when it enhances selfconfidence, facilitates the communication of their self-identity and selfesteem, besides depicting their culture or society. A discussion of the purposes of fashion items such as shoes, makeup/cosmetics, apparel and accessories is discussed. A section of the paper is devoted to a discussion of the Muslim scarves (hijab), as the focus of this paper is on the perception of what fashion means to Muslim women. This paper serves as a fruitful insight into the minds of the Muslim women consumers and provides impetus for the marketing of fashion-related items to serve this segment of the market. A conceptual framework developed for this study would be the initial attempt at developing a more comprehensive study into the related moderating and mediating variables that has an effect on fashion. This study also suggests that future researchers may consider testing the proposed model empirically, not only in Malaysia but also in other countries. Lastly, a promising attempt would be to test for invariance among different countries on the same model.
Hearing Silences: Human Auditory Processing Relies on Preactivation of Sound-Specific Brain Activity Patterns

The remarkable capabilities displayed by humans in making sense of an overwhelming amount of sensory information cannot be explained easily if perception is viewed as a passive process. Current theoretical and computational models assume that to achieve meaningful and coherent perception, the human brain must anticipate upcoming stimulation. But how are upcoming stimuli predicted in the brain? We unmasked the neural representation of a prediction by omitting the predicted sensory input. Electrophysiological brain signals showed that when a clear prediction can be formulated, the brain activates a template of its response to the predicted stimulus before it arrives to our senses.
Interdependence in women with breast cancer and their partners: an interindividual model of distress.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this investigation was to test whether interdependence in dyads living with breast cancer could account for person-partner crossover effects in distress outcomes. METHOD The sample consisted of 95 dyads with early-stage breast cancer. By using reciprocal dyadic data from women with breast cancer and their partners, we fit a structural equation model of the actor-partner interdependence model to examine the interaction of participants' depression and stress in predicting their partner's health outcomes. RESULTS Results revealed a pattern of influence whereby the interaction of high levels of depression coupled with high levels of stress in women with breast cancer was associated with lowered physical health and well-being in their partners. Although depression seemed to be the key mechanism in predicting distressing outcomes, when depression was combined with any additional stress, the level of physical distress was significantly greater. Results provided preliminary empirical support for crossover effects in the physical well-being of close relational partners in a cancer-related context. Further, results showed that distressing outcomes need not be limited to emotional distress but can also include physical distress. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study illustrate why it is not sufficient to concentrate care solely on the patient with cancer. Monitoring the social well-being of patients as they go through the cancer process could be as important as assessing their psychological state or other peripheral biomarkers. This line of inquiry would be advanced by including methods other than self-report in assessments of psychological and physical health.
Obstacles to Promotion? Values of Women Faculty about Career Success and Recognition

Purpose To assess attitudes of female faculty about career progress, resources for career development, and values related to academic success and recognition. Method In 1997, the authors surveyed all faculty at Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine and its associated Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Results Of 918 faculty, 567 (62%) responded to the survey; 33% of the respondents were women. Compared with men, women faculty were less likely to be tenured or at the level of professor, spent more time in clinical activities, had less time for scholarly activity, and reported slower career progress. Women were more likely to report that promotion and tenure criteria had not been reviewed with them. Significant differences were found between female physicians and non-physician faculty; female physicians reported the least time for scholarly activities and poorest understanding of promotion and tenure criteria. When the authors asked faculty how they valued certain indicators of career success, women were less likely to value leadership than were men. Female physicians were less likely to value scholarship and national recognition as indicators of their career success. Conclusion This survey found important differences in career progress of male and female faculty, with women reporting less time for career development. In addition, there were differences in values related to career success and recognition, which were most pronounced for female physicians. These differences may have an important impact on promotion for women in general and particularly for female physicians.
SOCIAL CONTEXT, PARTICIPATION, AND GOAL-ORIENTED COMMUNICATIVE INTERACTION OF SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN WITH MOTOR IMPAIRMENTS WHO USE AUGMENTATIVE AND ALTERNATIVE COMMUNICATION: VOICE AND CHOICE

Little is known about how children with severe motor impairments who use communication aids provide instructions when given control over interaction. In this study, 5–15 year-old children -18 who used communication aids and 17 who were natural speakers -were videotaped in play-based activities. Both groups successfully instructed partners to build replications of models the partners could not see. The results demonstrate that children using communication aids can have an active role in play-based activities, using language, but also that their experience with activities is limited and their instructions take longer to give. The naturally speaking children provided more detailed instructions and were given less assistance. Creating opportunities for active participation in similar activities may be important for the development of communicative autonomy.
Managing Power Saving Classes in IEEE 802.16 Wireless MANs: A Fold-and-Demultiplex Method

In IEEE 802.16, power management at the Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS) side is always an important issue. The standard defines three types of power saving classes (PSCs). A PSC can bind one or multiple traffic flows. However, given multiple flows in an MSS, the standard does not define how to form PSCs, how to organize the cooperation of multiple PSCs to obtain better energy efficiency, and how to guarantee QoS of these flows. Given a set of flows and their QoS parameters, the objective of this paper is to define multiple PSCs and their listen-and-sleep-related parameters and packet-scheduling policy such that the unavailability intervals of the MSS can be maximized and the QoS of each flow can be guaranteed. To achieve this, we propose a novel fold-and-demultiplex method for an IEEE 802.16 network with PSCs of types I and II together with an earliest-next-bandwidth-first packet scheduler. Given a set of traffic flows in an MSS, the fold-and-demultiplex method first gives each flow a tentative PSC satisfying its bandwidth requirement. Then we fold them together into one long series so as to calculate the total bandwidth requirement. Finally, we demultiplex the series into multiple PSCs, each supporting one or multiple flows. It ends up with high energy efficiency of MSSs while meets flows' bandwidth requirements. Furthermore, our packet scheduler ensures that real-time flows' delay constraints can be met. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result offering bounded packet delays under MSS's sleep-and-listen behaviors.