Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the power cycling stress of IGBT in DFIG and full size converter for windenergy applications

In this paper the power cycling stress of the power semiconductors in wind energy applications for two common generator concepts (DFIG and gearless synchronous machine) will be investigated. The aim is to show how the chosen generator concept influences the power cycling stress of the power semiconductors. For the investigation regarding power cycling stress and estimated lifetime a wind speed profile of one month measured at the FINO 1 station in the German North Sea was used. With this it is possible to consider the power cycling stress caused by the output frequency of the generator as well as the power cycling stress caused by the cycles due to wind speed variations.
Time management and procrastination

This chapter combines the topics time management and procrastination. Time management is an overarching term derived from popular notions on how to be effective at work. Procrastination has been mainly researched from a personality perspective, addressing the emotional and psychological issues of the phenomenon in more detail. First, I describe time management and procrastination, and next I address interventions that may help people in overcoming procrastination. Studies on time management show that it is a useful intervention to gain control and to reduce stress. Three types of interventions have been used to overcome procrastination: training self-regulatory skills including planning and time management; building emotional strength; and using social support. There is no clear evidence pointing out whether all types need to be used for all people, and a more individually targeted approach is probably best. Planning and time management should be the core of the intervention. However, planning one’s own the behavior is partly trait-like, has emotional connotations, and involves self-regulation. Thus, many find procrastination difficult to change. That is why planning is probably not enough to reduce procrastination. Procrastinators need to develop emotional strength and benefit from support of others to provide the control that they are lacking.
In Vitro Neutralisation of Rotavirus Infection by Two Broadly Specific Recombinant Monovalent Llama-Derived Antibody Fragments

Rotavirus is the main cause of viral gastroenteritis in young children. Therefore, the development of inexpensive antiviral products for the prevention and/or treatment of rotavirus disease remains a priority. Previously we have shown that a recombinant monovalent antibody fragment (referred to as Anti-Rotavirus Proteins or ARP1) derived from a heavy chain antibody of a llama immunised with rotavirus was able to neutralise rotavirus infection in a mouse model system. In the present work we investigated the specificity and neutralising activity of two llama antibody fragments, ARP1 and ARP3, against 13 cell culture adapted rotavirus strains of diverse genotypes. In addition, immunocapture electron microscopy (IEM) was performed to determine binding of ARP1 to clinical isolates and cell culture adapted strains. ARP1 and ARP3 were able to neutralise a broad variety of rotavirus serotypes/genotypes in vitro, and in addition, IEM showed specific binding to a variety of cell adapted strains as well as strains from clinical specimens. These results indicated that these molecules could potentially be used as immunoprophylactic and/or immunotherapeutic products for the prevention and/or treatment of infection of a broad range of clinically relevant rotavirus strains.
Beliefs Regarding Classroom Management Style: Differences between Novice and Experienced Teachers.

Beliefs regarding classroom management vary among teachers and play an important role in effective instruction. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the differences between the beliefs of experienced teachers and novice teachers regarding classroom management styles. Within this study, classroom management is defined as a multi-faceted process that includes three broad dimensions--person, instruction, and discipline. Data were collected form 238 subjects (55 percent novice teachers and 45 percent experienced teachers) via the Inventory of Classroom Management Styles (ICMS) and demographics. The ICMS, a major revision of Tamashiro's (1980) Beliefs on Discipline Inventory, consists of 41 Likert format statements and considers each of the three dimensions of classroom management. Beliefs were classified on a continuum that reflects the degree of teacher power over students. The continuum is categorized intc three segments--non-interventionist, interactionalist, and interventionist. Data were analyzed utilizing a series of one-way ANOVAs. Novice teachers were found to score significantly more interventionists on the full-scale and two of the three sub-scales of the ICMS. (Contains 17 references.) (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************AAAAA:t c*AA. *:,A Classroom Management 1 Beliefs Regarding Classroom Management Style: Differences Between Novice and Experienced Teachers U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION EDUCAT,ONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICt 0 This document t4is been teproducc2d as recerved from Ihe person Om ongon. /aImon mm iginating it 0 Minor changes hose been made Io iMpeove ioprockeion quality Points ut vim. , or opinions statpd in INS document cIO not neCeSSonly repreSent OERI positron or poY7p Nancy K. Martin Assistant Professor University of Te;(as at San Antonio
The phenomenon of hate crimes in the United States

This review examines the phenomenon of hate crimes in the United States. Findings derived from the FBI data for the period 1996–2008 revealed that the incidence of anti-racial hate crimes varied among different racial groups, that antireligious hate crimes were committed toward Jews and Muslims more than toward others, and that antisexual orientation hate crimes focused on male homosexuals more than others. Antireligious hate crimes were more likely to be directed against property, whereas anti-racial and antisexual orientation hate crimes were more likely to be directed against people. We discuss these findings in the light of some relevant theoretical perspectives from social psychology. Potential solutions to hate crimes could be developed by focusing on the most relevant predictive factors.
Medicalization and representations of smoking in public discourse and images

An approach to smoking through an analysis of its representations, grounded in the medicalization literature, highlights the inadequacies of a narrow medical perspective and some of its negative implications. This does not require that we abandon the medical discourse, but stresses the importance of setting it in a wider representational context. Drawing on the work of Saussure, Barthes, Eco and Foucault, the author constructs a theory of interaction amongst representations suited to both discourse and images. To investigate the medicalization of smoking, four empirical studies are reported which include quantitative and qualitative approaches to press reporting at both macro-and micro-levels, cigarette advertising and packaging. There have been medical representations of smoking since the introduction of tobacco into Britain. However, a thematic analysis of tobacco-related reporting in the Times newspaper (1946-1995) found that these representations have expanded and diversified, becoming increasingly linked to other representations (e.g. financial) and generating new themes (e.g. discrimination, litigation). Medical representations, however, are contested and subject to subversion by alternative representations, including libertarian and alternative medical constructions of smoking. These processes are investigated in a detailed structural and rhetorical analysis of a contemporary newspaper article, together with related correspondence and cartoons. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of 754 UK cigarette advertisements from four national newspapers (1946-1995) identified an increase in medical and packaging-related representations of smoking and a decrease in financial representations, representations of the act of smoking and of cigarettes as social currency. The final, questionnaire, study (with 60 participants) found, among other things, a clear and consensually-held system of health-related signification in contemporary UK cigarette packaging in ratings of packets. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the implications of medicalization for smoking-related policy and for the smoker, and of smoking for the medicalization literature.
StochPy: A Comprehensive, User-Friendly Tool for Simulating Stochastic Biological Processes

Single-cell and single-molecule measurements indicate the importance of stochastic phenomena in cell biology. Stochasticity creates spontaneous differences in the copy numbers of key macromolecules and the timing of reaction events between genetically-identical cells. Mathematical models are indispensable for the study of phenotypic stochasticity in cellular decision-making and cell survival. There is a demand for versatile, stochastic modeling environments with extensive, preprogrammed statistics functions and plotting capabilities that hide the mathematics from the novice users and offers low-level programming access to the experienced user. Here we present StochPy (Stochastic modeling in Python), which is a flexible software tool for stochastic simulation in cell biology. It provides various stochastic simulation algorithms, SBML support, analyses of the probability distributions of molecule copy numbers and event waiting times, analyses of stochastic time series, and a range of additional statistical functions and plotting facilities for stochastic simulations. We illustrate the functionality of StochPy with stochastic models of gene expression, cell division, and single-molecule enzyme kinetics. StochPy has been successfully tested against the SBML stochastic test suite, passing all tests. StochPy is a comprehensive software package for stochastic simulation of the molecular control networks of living cells. It allows novice and experienced users to study stochastic phenomena in cell biology. The integration with other Python software makes StochPy both a user-friendly and easily extendible simulation tool.
Effects of the nitric oxide donor SIN-1 on net hepatic glucose uptake in the conscious dog.

To determine the role of nitric oxide in regulating net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU) in vivo, studies were performed on three groups of 42-h-fasted conscious dogs using a nitric oxide donor [3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1)]. The experimental period was divided into period 1 (0-90 min) and period 2 (P2; 90-240 min). At 0 min, somatostatin was infused peripherally, and insulin (4-fold basal) and glucagon (basal) were given intraportally. Glucose was delivered intraportally (22.2 mumol.kg(-1). min(-1)) and peripherally (as needed) to increase the hepatic glucose load twofold basal. At 90 min, an infusion of SIN-1 (4 mug.kg(-1). min(-1)) was started in a peripheral vein (PeSin-1, n = 10) or the portal vein (PoSin-1, n = 12) while the control group received saline (SAL, n = 8). Both peripheral and portal infusion of SIN-1, unlike saline, significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Heart rate rose in PeSin-1 and PoSin-1 (96 +/- 5 to 120 +/- 10 and 88 +/- 6 to 107 +/- 5 beats/min, respectively, P < 0.05) but did not change in response to saline. NHGU during P2 was 31.0 +/- 2.4 and 29.9 +/- 2.0 mumol.kg(-1). min(-1) in SAL and PeSin-1, respectively but was 23.7 +/- 1.7 in PoSin-1 (P < 0.05). Net hepatic carbon retention during P2 was significantly lower in PoSin-1 than SAL or PeSin-1 (21.4 +/- 1.2 vs. 27.1 +/- 1.5 and 26.1 +/- 1.0 mumol.kg(-1). min(-1)). Nonhepatic glucose uptake did not change in response to saline or SIN-1 infusion. In conclusion, portal but not peripheral infusion of the nitric oxide donor SIN-1 inhibited NHGU.
Eag1 and Bestrophin 1 Are Up-regulated in Fast-growing Colonic Cancer Cells*

Ion channels like voltage-gated ether-á-go-go (Eag1) K+ channels or Ca2+-activated Cl– channels have been shown to support cell proliferation. Bestrophin 1 (Best1) has been proposed to form Ca2+-activated Cl– channels in epithelial cells. Here we show that original T84 colonic carcinoma cells grow slowly (T84-slow) and express low amounts of Eag1 and Best1, whereas spontaneously transformed T84 cells grow fast (T84-fast) and express high levels of both proteins. Both Eag1 and Best1 currents are up-regulated in T84-fast cells. Eag1 currents were cell cycle-dependent with up-regulation during G1/S transition. T84-slow, but not T84-fast, cells formed tight monolayers when grown on permeable supports. RNA interference inhibition of Eag1 and Best1 reduced proliferation of T84-fast cells, whereas overexpression of Best1 turned T84-slow into fast-growing cells. Eag1 and Best1 improve intracellular Ca2+ signaling and cell volume regulation. These results establish a novel role for bestrophins in cell proliferation.
Stratifying disease stages with different progression rates determined by electrophysiological tests in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

By determining the usefulness of motor unit number estimate (MUNE) and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we tried to find an effective way to stratify the disease stages. In all, 112 consecutive ALS patients were enrolled, among whom 73 were elicited in a longitudinal study. MUNE by the standard incremental technique, the average CMAP amplitude, total Medical Research Council (MRC) score, ALS‐functional rating score (ALS‐FRS), Appel ALS rating scale (AARS), and forced vital capacity (FVC) were performed at baseline and months 3, 6, and 12 after study entry. We found MUNE correlated with CMAP amplitude (P < 0.01) as well as MRC score (P < 0.01) in regionally concordant distal muscles. Both MUNE and CMAP amplitude correlated significantly with ALS‐FRS (P < 0.05) and AARS (P < 0.01). A MUNE decrease was observed at months 3, 6, and 12 compared with baseline, and the rate of change at month 3 was 50.47%. The decrease in MUNE over the first 3 months was significantly greater than other measurements. We arbitrarily divided the patients into three stages: (1) rapid progression: the rate of change of MUNE and CMAP amplitude during the first 3 months exceeded 50%; (2) moderate progression: the rate of change of MUNE was greater than 50% but CMAP amplitude was less than 50%; (3) slow progression: the rate of change of both MUNE and CMAP amplitude were less than 50%. Comparing the rate of ALS‐FRS descent per year using one‐way ANOVA showed a significant difference among the three groups (P < 0.01). Muscle Nerve 39: 304–309, 2009
Strengthening Fragile Families Through Research and Practice

Almost one third of all children in the United States are born to unmarried parents. This figure is even higher among poor and minority populations. Because of their heightened risk for economic and social problems and family dissolution, disadvantaged, unmarried parents have been called “fragile families. ” In 2002 the Bush administration announced its Healthy Marriage Initiative. Its purpose was to promote marriage, especially among low-income couples. In 2006 the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) allocated $150 million a year to marriage and fatherhood programs. However, the marriage education and research communities have paid little attention to fragile families. This article examines the findings from a groundbreaking new source of data called The Fragile Families and Child Well Being Study and the various programs now serving these families. The article concludes by suggesting empirically based interventions for assisting fragile families.
Emotion Recognition from Single-Trial EEG Based on Kernel Fisher's Emotion Pattern and Imbalanced Quasiconformal Kernel Support Vector Machine

Electroencephalogram-based emotion recognition (EEG-ER) has received increasing attention in the fields of health care, affective computing, and brain-computer interface (BCI). However, satisfactory ER performance within a bi-dimensional and non-discrete emotional space using single-trial EEG data remains a challenging task. To address this issue, we propose a three-layer scheme for single-trial EEG-ER. In the first layer, a set of spectral powers of different EEG frequency bands are extracted from multi-channel single-trial EEG signals. In the second layer, the kernel Fisher's discriminant analysis method is applied to further extract features with better discrimination ability from the EEG spectral powers. The feature vector produced by layer 2 is called a kernel Fisher's emotion pattern (KFEP), and is sent into layer 3 for further classification where the proposed imbalanced quasiconformal kernel support vector machine (IQK-SVM) serves as the emotion classifier. The outputs of the three layer EEG-ER system include labels of emotional valence and arousal. Furthermore, to collect effective training and testing datasets for the current EEG-ER system, we also use an emotion-induction paradigm in which a set of pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) are employed as emotion induction stimuli. The performance of the proposed three-layer solution is compared with that of other EEG spectral power-based features and emotion classifiers. Results on 10 healthy participants indicate that the proposed KFEP feature performs better than other spectral power features, and IQK-SVM outperforms traditional SVM in terms of the EEG-ER accuracy. Our findings also show that the proposed EEG-ER scheme achieves the highest classification accuracies of valence (82.68%) and arousal (84.79%) among all testing methods.
Opening Up the Conversation: An Exploratory Study of Science Bloggers

Title of Thesis: OPENING UP THE CONVERSATION: AN E XPLORATORY STUDY OF SCIENCE BLOGGERS Degree Candidate: Gregory Michael Masters Degree and Year: Master of Arts, 2013 Thesis Directed by: Dr. Carol L. Rogers Philip Merrill College of Journalism Over the past decade, science blogs have experienc d tremendous growth and changes in organization, becoming an important part of what researchers have called the “evolving science media ecosystem. ” This thesis exp lores the practices and perceptions of science bloggers through 20 in-depth interviews and through a review of the blogs themselves. The research suggests areas where this med um is having a unique impact on how science communication occurs. The interview res ults revealed that science bloggers are motivated mainly by enjoyment, have a wide vari ety of routines and reporting/writing processes, strive to incorporate a personal touch, and are very engaged with readers and fellow writers through social media. This research found that science blogs have important roles in complementing other forms of sci en e communication, opening aspects of science to wider view, promoting convers ations about science through blog comments and social media, and exploiting digital t oo s to enhance communication. OPENING UP THE CONVERSATION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF SCIENCE BLOGGERS by Gregory Michael Masters Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate Sch ool of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fu fillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2013 Advisory Committee: Dr. Carol L. Rogers, Chair Dr. Ira Chinoy Carl Sessions Stepp © Copyright by Greg Masters 2013
Comparative study on the sedative effects of morphine, methadone, butorphanol or tramadol, in combination with acepromazine, in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of morphine (MOR), methadone (MET), butorphanol (BUT) and tramadol (TRA), in combination with acepromazine, on sedation, cardiorespiratory variables, body temperature and incidence of emesis in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized, blinded, experimental trial. ANIMALS Six adult mixed-breed male dogs weighing 12.0 +/- 4.3 kg. METHODS Dogs received intravenous administration (IV) of acepromazine (0.05 mg kg(-1)) and 15 minutes later, one of four opioids was randomly administered IV in a cross-over design, with at least 1-week intervals. Dogs then received MOR 0.5 mg kg(-1); MET 0.5 mg kg(-1); BUT 0.15 mg kg(-1); or TRA 2.0 mg kg(-1). Indirect systolic arterial pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f(R)), rectal temperature, pedal withdrawal reflex and sedation were evaluated at regular intervals for 90 minutes. RESULTS Acepromazine administration decreased SAP, HR and temperature and produced mild sedation. All opioids further decreased temperature and MOR, BUT and TRA were associated with further decreases in HR. Tramadol decreased SAP whereas BUT decreased f(R) compared with values before opioid administration. Retching was observed in five of six dogs and vomiting occurred in one dog in MOR, but not in any dog in the remaining treatments. Sedation scores were greater in MET followed by MOR and BUT. Tramadol was associated with minor changes in sedation produced by acepromazine alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE When used with acepromazine, MET appears to provide better sedation than MOR, BUT and TRA. If vomiting is to be avoided, MET, BUT and TRA may be better options than MOR.