Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monotone quotients of surface diffeomorphisms

A homeomorphism of a compact metric space is {\em tight} provided every non-degenerate compact connected (not necessarily invariant) subset carries positive entropy. It is shown that every $C^{1+\alpha}$ diffeomorphism of a closed surface factors to a tight homeomorphism of a generalized cactoid (roughly, a surface with nodes) by a semi-conjugacy whose fibers carry zero entropy.
A silent myocardial infarction in the diabetes outpatient clinic: case report and review of the literature

Summary Silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI), defined as objective evidence of myocardial ischaemia in the absence of symptoms, has important clinical implications for the patient with coronary artery disease. We present a dramatic case of SMI in a diabetes patient who attended annual review clinic with ST elevation myocardial infarction. His troponin was normal on admission but raised to 10.7 ng/ml (normal <0.5) when repeated the next day. His angiogram showed diffused coronary artery disease. We here discuss the implications of silent ischaemia for the patient and for the physician caring for patients with diabetes. Learning points Silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI) is an important clinical entity. SMI is common and occurs with increased frequency in patients with diabetes. SMI is an independent predictor of mortality. Recognition may lead to early intervention.
Related factors to coping with domestic violence in women who refer to Forensic Medicine Centers in Tehran

Introduction: One kind of women's' assault is spouse violence. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to coping with domestic violence in women who refer to Forensic Medicine Centers in Tehran. Materials and Methods: This was a correlational descriptive study. Samples included 200 women with domestic violence who refer to Forensic Medicine Centers who were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire ,”General Self-efficacy Scale”, “Attitude to Coping with Domestic Violence”, “Subjective Norms to Domestic Violence” and “Coping of Domestic Violence”. Validity of the instruments were determined by content and face validity. To measure reliability, internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha=0.86) was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS/17. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between education status and women's attitude toward domestic violence(P=0.001) and marital status and women's subjective norms(P=0.012). Also there was a negative correlation between women's attitude toward domestic violence and self efficacy and also between attitude toward domestic violence and economical assault (r=-0.098 and r=-0.095). Results showed no correlation between women's' attitude toward domestic violence with sexual and psychological assault (r=-0.006 , r=-0.068). Conclusion: Some of the causes of coping with domestic violence were such as demographic characteristics(age, job, education, marital status,…), self-efficacy, subjective norms, attitude towards coping with domestic violence and kin ds of domestic violence. It is suggested that these factors can be used to help empower women for coping with domestic violence
Evaluating Roget‘s Thesauri

Roget’s Thesaurus has gone through many revisions since it was first published 150 years ago. But how do these revisions affect Roget’s usefulness for NLP? We examine the differences in content between the 1911 and 1987 versions of Roget’s, and we test both versions with each other and WordNet on problems such as synonym identification and word relatedness. We also present a novel method for measuring sentence relatedness that can be implemented in either version of Roget’s or in WordNet. Although the 1987 version of the Thesaurus is better, we show that the 1911 version performs surprisingly well and that often the differences between the versions of Roget’s and WordNet are not statistically significant. We hope that this work will encourage others to use the 1911 Roget’s Thesaurus in NLP tasks.
Antibody Response in Mice Inoculated with DNA Expressing Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Capsid Proteins

ABSTRACT Candidate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) DNA vaccines designed to produce viral capsids lacking infectious viral nucleic acid were evaluated. Plasmid DNAs containing a portion of the FMDV genome coding for the capsid precursor protein (P1-2A) and wild-type or mutant viral proteinase 3C (plasmids P12X3C or P12X3C-mut, respectively) were constructed. Cell-free translation reactions programmed with pP12X3C (wild-type 3C) and pP12X3C-mut produced a capsid precursor, but only the reactions programmed with the plasmid encoding the functional proteinase resulted in P1-2A processing and capsid formation. Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells also produced viral capsid proteins when transfected with these plasmids. Plasmid P12X3C was administered to mice by intramuscular, intradermal, and epithelial (gene gun) inoculations. Anti-FMD virus (FMDV) antibodies were detected by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) and plaque reduction neutralization assays only in sera of mice inoculated by using a gene gun. When pP12X3C and pP12X3C-mut were inoculated into mice by using a gene gun, both plasmids elicited an antibody response detectable by RIP but only pP12X3C elicited a neutralizing antibody response. These results suggest that capsid formation in situ is required for effective immunization. Expression and stimulation of an immune response was enhanced by addition of an intron sequence upstream of the coding region, while addition of the FMDV internal ribosome entry site or leader proteinase (L) coding region either had no effect or reduced the immune response.
Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi: chemical composition, biological properties and toxicity

RESUMO: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi: Composicao quimica, propriedades biologicas, e toxicidade. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi e uma planta medicinal conhecida no Brasil como “aroeira da praia”, utilizada na medicina popular como antitermica, analgesica, depurativa e no tratamento de doencas do sistema urogenital. Por outro lado, a literatura cientifica relata que essa planta apresenta atividade antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatoria, e antiulcerogenica. Essa revisao trata das principais propriedades biologicas e efeitos toxicologicos da aroeira da praia, alem de uma abordagem sistematica acerca dos compostos que ja foram encontrados nessa especie, estando a maioria deles presente nos oleos essenciais. Palavras Chave: Schinus terebinthifolius, Anacardiaceae, componentes quimicos, propriedades biologicas.
Associations between Social Determinants of Health and Pregnancy among Young People: A Systematic Review of Research Published during the Past 25 Years

Objective. Major health disparities exist in pregnancy among young people. Although social determinant of health (SDH) approaches in interventions are promoted to reduce these disparities, little research exists that synthesizes empirical links between SDHs and pregnancy among young people. This systematic literature review utilized the Healthy People 2020 SDH framework to analyze and synthesize the empirical associations between SDHs and pregnancy among young people. Methods. We included studies that were published in the past 25 years from PubMed, PsycINFO®, and Academic Search™ Premier databases. Twenty-two studies met all inclusion criteria and, following the Matrix Method, were assessed for methodological quality and empirical links between determinant areas and pregnancy. Results. Seventeen studies reported an empirical association between at least one SDH and pregnancy among young people. Areas most represented were poverty and family structure. No studies examined the relationship between pregnancies among young people and quality of housing, access to healthy foods, access to health-care services and primary care, health technology, social cohesion, perceptions of discrimination/equity, access to employment, employment status, school policies that support health promotion, safe school environments, or higher education enrollment. Conclusion. This research indicates a need to expand the range of SDHs that are analyzed with pregnancy among young people and to focus interventions on areas that have been determined to have an empirical link with pregnancy.
Jet stream wind power as a renewable energy resource: little power, big impacts

Abstract. Jet streams are regions of sustained high wind speeds in the upper atmosphere and are seen by some as a substantial renewable energy resource. However, jet streams are nearly geostrophic flow, that is, they result from the balance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis force in the near absence of friction. Therefore, jet stream motion is associated with very small generation rates of kinetic energy to maintain the high wind velocities, and it is this generation rate that will ultimately limit the potential use of jet streams as a renewable energy resource. Here we estimate the maximum limit of jet stream wind power by considering extraction of kinetic energy as a term in the free energy balance of kinetic energy that describes the generation, depletion, and extraction of kinetic energy. We use this balance as the basis to quantify the maximum limit of how much kinetic energy can be extracted sustainably from the jet streams of the global atmosphere as well as the potential climatic impacts of its use. We first use a simple thought experiment of geostrophic flow to demonstrate why the high wind velocities of the jet streams are not associated with a high potential for renewable energy generation. We then use an atmospheric general circulation model to estimate that the maximum sustainable extraction from jet streams of the global atmosphere is about 7.5 TW. This estimate is about 200-times less than previous estimates and is due to the fact that the common expression for instantaneous wind power 1 2 ρv3 merely characterizes the transport of kinetic energy by the flow, but not the generation rate of kinetic energy. We also find that when maximum wind power is extracted from the jet streams, it results in significant climatic impacts due to a substantial increase of heat transport across the jet streams in the upper atmosphere. This results in upper atmospheric temperature differences of >20 °C, greater atmospheric stability, substantial reduction in synoptic activity, and substantial differences in surface climate. We conclude that jet stream wind power does not have the potential to become a significant source of renewable energy.
Dysaesthetic penoscrotodynia: nomenclature, classification, diagnosis and treatment

Male patients can present with a genital skin burning sensation that bears similarities to vulvodynia. The classification of vulvodynia by International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease of vulvodynia provides a blueprint for nomenclature and classification of Dysaesthetic penoscrotodynia (DPSD). Recognizing DPSD as generalized, localized, provoked, unprovoked and mixed will enable precise and objective communication between practitioners. Learning from research on the aetiology and management of vulvodynia can improve the care of patients suffering with DPSD. Scope remains for better acknowledgement of DPSD within the medical profession and improvement in its public profile in order to enhance patient care.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTISIPASI ANGGARAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL MELALUI KOMITMEN TUJUAN ANGGARAN DAN JOB RELEVANT INFORMATION (JRI) SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING(Penelitian Terhadap Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Indonesia)

The purpose of this research is to analyst the influence of participation in composing budget toward managerial performance, whether through budget goal commitment or job-relevant information as intervening variable. The inconsistency situations between results of the prior researchs, about the influence of budget participation on managerial performance become a motivation of this study. Data used in this study is obtained from ideas or perceptions of managers/ chiefs leveled as managers who filled and gave the questionnaires back to the researcher. Data gathered by contact person. From 700 questionnaires which distributed to managers/ chiefs leveled as managers on manufacturing companies which listed in BEJ, 168 (24%) questionnaires were sent back, for then analyzed with multivariate technique SEM and assist by the AMOS 4.01 and SPSS 10.0 programs. The result of these study proving that the value of directly influence between budget participation toward managerial performance is higher than influence of budget participation toward managerial performance through budget goal commitment and job relevant information as intervening variable. However, the researcher can make conclusion that budget goal commitment and job relevant information as intervening variable weaken influence managers participation in compose budget toward their performance on managerial activities. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh partisipasi dalam penyusunan anggaran terhadap Icinerja manajerial baik secara langsung maupun melalui komitmen tujuan anggaran dan job-relevant information sebagai variabel intervening. Adanya ketidak konsistenan di antara hasil penelitian terdahulu, tentang penganth partisipasi anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial, menjadi motivasi dalam penelitian ini Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari pendapat atau persepsi manajer/ kabag setingkat manajer yang mengisi dan mengembalikan daftar kuesioner kepada peneliti. Data dikumpulkan dengan contact person. Dan 700 kuesioner yang didistribusikan kepada manajer/ kabag setingkat manajer pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEJ, sebanyak 168 (24%) kuesioner yang kembali kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik multivariate SEM yang dibantu program AMOS 4.01 dan SPSS 10.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bukti bahwa besarnya pengaruh secara langsung antara partisipasi dalam penyusunan anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap kinerja manajerial melalui komitmen tujuan anggaran dan job-relevant information sebagai variabel intervening. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya variabel komitmen tujuan anggaran dan job-relevant information sebagai variabel intervening melemahkan pengaruh partisipasi manajer dalam penyusunan anggaran terhadap kinerja mereka dalam kegiatan-kegiatan manajerial.
Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid: a cytohistologic correlation and study of discrepant cases.

OBJECTIVE Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a reliable method in the initial assessment of thyroid nodules. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causes for discordance between the interpretation on FNA and the pathologic findings in the resected thyroid. METHODS A computer search of all thyroidectomy specimens with previous FNA from January 1998 to December 2001 was obtained from the files of the Lauren V. Ackerman laboratory of surgical pathology, Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Excluded from the study were those FNAs performed for suspected and confirmed metastatic disease to the thyroid as well as those cases unavailable for review. A total of 45 FNA cases were identified with cytologic and histologic discrepancies. RESULTS Of the 1253 individual thyroid FNA performed during the study period, 255 patients (20%) subsequently had an open surgical procedure on the thyroid. Of those who underwent surgery, 196 cases (77%) were concordant, whereas 45 patients (18%) were discordant, and 14 cases were excluded due to unavailability of slides for review (for example, returned consult slides). The causes of the 45 discordant cases were: 20 cases (44%) were unsatisfactory for diagnosis, 14 cases (31%) were due to interpretation error (false positive), and 11 cases (24%) were due to sampling error (false negative). CONCLUSIONS The most common causes of our discrepant cases are those whose FNA diagnosis was interpreted as "unsatisfactory for diagnosis," in 20 (7.8%) of 255 surgical cases. The false negative rate due to sampling error in 11 (4%) of 255 cases was mainly due to the presence of microscopic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); the false positive rate was due to interpretation error in 14 (6%) of 255 cases, and those were explained by the occurrence of overlapping cytologic features among adenomatous nodules, follicular neoplasms, the follicular variant of PTC, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Improvements in Physical Activity and Functioning After Undergoing Midurethral Sling Procedure for Urinary Incontinence

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to estimate the effect of the midurethral sling on improving leisure physical activity levels and physical functioning in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Our secondary objective was to identify possible risk factors for postoperative insufficient physical activity. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational study of women undergoing outpatient midurethral sling for SUI. Women completed validated questionnaires for incontinence, leisure physical activity, and physical functioning at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was leisure physical activity level. We used multiple logistic and linear regression to estimate the effect of improvements in urinary symptoms and life effect on physical activity levels and physical functioning scores. RESULTS: Ninety women underwent surgery and 85 returned for follow-up. At baseline, 38% had sedentary, 18% had moderate, and 44% had sufficient leisure physical activity levels. Postoperatively, this modestly improved to 26% sedentary, 20% moderate, and 54% sufficient levels. The median leisure physical activity energy expenditure increased from 396 to 693 metabolic equivalent-minutes per week (P=.04). Physical functioning scores also significantly improved (mean score 44 compared with 55 points, P<.001). On multiple logistic regression, improvements in incontinence life effect were associated with increased odds of leisure physical activity improvement (adjusted odds ratio 1.66; 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.54). On multiple linear regression, improvements in both urinary incontinence severity and effect were associated with improvements in physical functioning scores (P<.01 for both). Factors associated with insufficient postoperative physical activity included low baseline physical activity levels and smaller improvements in urinary effect scores. CONCLUSION: Midurethral sling and subsequent improvements in urinary incontinence are associated with improved leisure physical activity levels and physical functioning. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Complexity in the Management of Rural Development Projects: Case of LASESA (Spain)

La complejidad en los proyectos y la complejidad de la direccion de proyectos son conceptos cuyo interes va en aumento. En esta investigacion se analizan las dimensiones de la complejidad en la direccion de proyectos de desarrollo rural y las herramientas existentes para su valoracion. Se presenta un proceso metodologico novedoso para valorar dos aspectos complementarios de la direccion de proyectos: (a) el nivel de complejidad del proyecto; y (b), los efectos en las competencias de compor - tamiento. La metodologia se aplica, desde los principios del modelo Working With People (WWP), en la Comunidad de Regantes LASESA en Huesca (Espana), en un proyecto de desarrollo rural de alta complejidad, con mas de 600 beneficiarios directos implicados. Los resultados evidencian como la gestion de un proyecto complejo genera efectos positivos en el desarrollo de las competencias de comportamiento de las personas que se implican y participan en los trabajos
New Rules of Work : Exploring the Boundaryless Job

Profit arises out of the inherent, absolute unpredictability of things, out of the sheer brute fact that the results of human activity cannot be anticipated and then only in so far as even a probability calculation in regard to them is impossible and meaningless. (Knight, 1921: 311) In 1921, Frank H. Knight made a classic distinction between “risk” and “uncertainty” in economic endeavors, claiming that while risk can be calculated, uncertainty cannot. Since then, a variety of methods for assessing and reducing risk have been developed and used, while essentially ignoring uncertainty. In the 1970s, however, in the face of increasing international competition, oil crisis, floating currencies, political unrest, and the idiosyncratic demands of lifestyle consumption, turning a blind eye toward the uncertainties of enterprising was no longer a feasible option. Rather, uncertainty had to be recognized as a fundamental precondition of modern corporations. Out of Japan came the realization that planning and organizing for it, and not just against it, could provide a competitive advantage (Ouchi, 1981; Porter, 1990). The general strategy for coping with uncertainty, introduced by the Japanese, was to increase the flexibility of production (Piore and Sabel, 1984). The principles of flexibility have since been introduced into almost every aspect of corporate life.
The p24 family and selective transport processes at the ER—Golgi interface

The secretory pathway is of vital importance for eukaryotic cells and has a pivotal role in the synthesis, sorting, processing and secretion of a large variety of bioactive molecules involved in intercellular communication. One of the key processes in the secretory pathway concerns the transport of cargo proteins from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to the Golgi. Type‐I transmembrane proteins of ∼24 kDa are abundantly present in the membranes of the early secretory pathway, and bind the COPI and COPII coat complexes that cover vesicles travelling between the membranes. These p24 proteins are thought to play an important role in the selective transport processes at the ER—Golgi interface, although their exact functioning is still obscure. One model proposes that p24 proteins couple cargo selection in the lumen with vesicle coat recruitment in the cytosol. Alternatively, p24 proteins may furnish subcompartments of the secretory pathway with the correct subsets of machinery proteins. Here we review the current knowledge of the p24 proteins and the various roles proposed for the p24 family members.
Affective Influences on Cognition

How does affect or mood influence the way people think, remember, and deal with information? Understanding the delicate interplay between feeling and thinking, affect and cognition has for long remained one of the greatest puzzles about human nature. In this chapter we review extensive research documenting the multiple roles that affect plays in influencing both the content and the process of cognition. After a brief introduction reviewing early evidence and theories exploring the links between affect and cognition, the chapter is divided into three major parts. First, we review theories and empirical evidence documenting the importance of mood congruence in the content of thinking, including studies showing that affects or moods, such as happiness and sadness, may selectively prime or be directly used as information in constructive cognitive tasks. Next, we look at mood dependence, research showing that information encountered in a particular mood state is more likely to be recalled and used when the same state reoccurs. Finally, we discuss the processing effects of moods, including recent empirical studies showing that affects influence the quality of information processing. We conclude by discussing the theoretical and applied implications of this research, and the future prospects for this line of inquiry are considered. Keywords: affect; cognition; affect congruence; affect dependence; affect and processing strategies