Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of Quantitative Cerebral T2 Relaxometry, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, and 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla

Objectives:The reproducibility of quantitative cerebral T2 relaxometry, diffusion tensor imaging, and 1H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging was assessed on a clinical 3.0 T MR system. Materials and Methods:Repeated measurements in 10 healthy volunteers were used to establish the reproducibility of quantitative measures derived from different quantitative MR techniques, namely the T2 relaxation time, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), the fractional anisotropy (FA), and metabolite concentrations of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (mI). Results were compared with previously reported reproducibility measures from 1.5 T. Results:The coefficient of variation (CV) was ≤1.6% for T2, ≤1.6% for ADC, and ≤5.3%, for FA in the cerebrum. For metabolites the CV was ≤8.0% in the frontal lobe and ≤20.4% in the temporal lobe. Conclusions:The reproducibility of quantitative brain MRI at 3.0 T is better than or at least comparable to the reproducibility at 1.5 T.
Tracking with Stereo-vision System for Low Speed Following Applications

Research in adaptative cruise control (ACC) is currently one of the most important topics in the field of intelligent transportation systems. The main challenge is to perceive the environment, especially at low speed. In this paper, we present a novel approach to track the 3D trajectory and speed of the obstacles and the surrounding vehicles through a stereo-vision system. This tracking method extends the classical patch-based Lucas-Kanade algorithm by integrating the geometric constraints of the stereo system into the motion model: the epipolar constraint, which enforces the tracked patches to remain on the epipolar lines, and the magnification constraint, which links the disparity of the tracked patches to the apparent size of these patches. We report experimental results on simulated and real data showing the improvement in accuracy and robustness of our algorithm compared to the classical Lucas-Kanade tracker.
Relationship of Functionality with Impulsivity and Coping Strategies in Bipolar Disorder

Relationship of functionality with impulsivity and coping strategies in bipolar disorder Objective: In patients with bipolar disorder, functional losses may be observed even during remission of the disease, and psychopathological traits such as impulsivity, subthreshold clinical symptoms, or stigmatization may influence functionality. Coping strategies are defined as a person’s attitudes towards daily life events and their adaptedness. This study aimed to investigate the effects of coping strategies and impulsivity on functionality in bipolar disorder and whether the effect of impulsivity is mediated by dysfunctional coping strategies. Method: This study was conducted with patients suffering from bipolar disorder (n=74) in remission and healthy controls (n=74) matched with the patient group in terms of age, gender and education. Patients were assessed using the Bipolar Disorder Functioning Questionnaire (BDFQ), Coping Strategies Inventory (COPE), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Young Mania Rating Scale (YRMS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Results: The functionality score of the bipolar disorder group was significantly lower than in the healthy control group (p=0.027). Moreover, attention (p=0.020) and motor (p=0.006) impulsivity scores were higher and the maladaptive coping strategies score (p=0.032) was lower in the bipolar disorder group. The correlation between the total score of the BIS and the maladaptive coping strategies subscale of the COPE in the bipolar disorder group was statistically significant (r=0.38, p<0.01). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that adaptive coping strategies (B=0.23, p=0.020), attention (B=-0.31, p=0.037), motor (B=0.29, p=0.027) and nonplanning (B=-0.35, p=0.003) impulsivity were the determinants of the functionality in the regression model (F=8.44, p<0.001). Conclusion: The study has detected that functionality is affected negatively by impulsivity and positively by adaptive coping strategies in bipolar disorder, whereas the effect of coping strategies on functionality is not mediated by impulsivity. While there was a correlation between impulsivity and maladaptive coping strategies, there was no mediation between impulsivity and coping strategies, which may suggest that these dimensions are independent from each other. Prospective studies with large sample sizes should investigate the clinical determinants of functional losses in the future.
Positive knots have negative signature

It was asked by J.Birman, Williams, and L.Rudolph whether nontrivial Lorentz knots have always positive signature. Lorentz knots are examples of positive braids (in our convention they have all crossings negative so they are negative links). It was shown by L.Rudolph that positive braids have positive signature (if they represent nontrivial links). K.Murasugi has shown that nontrivial, alternating, positive links have negative signature. Here we prove in general the old folklore conjecture that nontrivial positive links have negative signature.
The Effect of Sensory Integration on the Attention and Motor Skills of Students With Down Syndrome

1. Department of Psychology and Education of Students with Special Needs, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Department of Psychology, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran. 3. Department of Psychology and Education of Students with Special Needs, University of Farhangian, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department of Psychology & Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
HERAPY FOR A UTISTIC S PECTRUM D ISORDERS : R EVIEW AND C ASE R EPORT

The causes of autism are heterogeneous and still largely unknown. Currently available treatments especially for the behavioural problems frequently reported in children and adults with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) are largely symptomatic. The cholinergic abnormalities are rather consistently reported in various molecular pathological studies, both in children and adults with ASD, and they may underlie the numerous cognitive and behavioural changes seen in ASD, e.g. cognitive changes, memory problems, attentional dysfunction etc. This raises the prospect of the use of cholinesterase inhibitors and other cholinomimetics (chemicals that can act by either directly stimulating the nicotinic or muscarinic receptors, or promote acetylcholine release) in ASD for treatment of both cognitive and behavioural changes, as well as activities of daily living and improving the overall global functioning in these subjects, similar to the effect these treatments have in various neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions (e.g. dementia and schizophrenia). We provide an overview of the current use of cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine) and cholinomimetics (e.g. nicotine) in the treatment of some of the cognitive and behavioral symptoms in ASD. We also discuss the potential use of cholinomimetics in these subjects and review the experience of Mr. A, a now twenty-eight year-old non-smoking male with a history of severe behavioral dysfunction who has been wearing a nicotine patch since July, 2005.
Intersection bounds: estimation and inference

We develop a practical and novel method for inference on intersection bounds, namely bounds defined by either the infimum or supremum of a parametric or nonparametric function, or equivalently, the value of a linear programming problem with a potentially infinite constraint set. Our approach is especially convenient in models comprised of a continuum of inequalities that are separable in parameters, and also applies to models with inequalities that are non-separable in parameters. Since analog estimators for intersection bounds can be severely biased in finite samples, routinely underestimating the length of the identified set, we also offer a (downward/upward) median unbiased estimator of these (upper/lower) bounds as a natural by-product of our inferential procedure. Furthermore, our method appears to be the first and currently only method for inference in nonparametric models with a continuum of inequalities. We develop asymptotic theory for our method based on the strong approximation of a sequence of studentized empirical processes by a sequence of Gaussian or other pivotal processes. We provide conditions for the use of nonparametric kernel and series estimators, including a novel result that establishes strong approximation for general series estimators, which may be of independent interest. We illustrate the usefulness of our method with Monte Carlo experiments and an empirical example.
Prevailing genotype distribution and characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus in northeastern China

Although human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses inducing respiratory tract infections in young children and the elderly, the genotype distribution and characteristics of RSV in northeastern China have not been investigated. Here, we identified 25 RSV‐A and 8 RSV‐B strains from 80 samples of patients with respiratory infections between February 2015 and May 2015. All 25 RSV‐A viruses were classified as the ON1 genotype, which rapidly spread and became the dominant genotype in the world since being identified in Ontario (Canada) in December 2010. All eight RSV‐B viruses belonged to the BA genotype with a 60‐nucleotide duplication, seven of which formed two new genotypes, BA‐CCA and BA‐CCB. The remaining RSV‐B virus clustered with one of the Hangzhou strains belonging to genotype BA11. Construction of a phylogenetic tree and amino acid substitution analysis showed that Changchun ON1 viruses exclusively constituted Lineages 3, 5 and 6, and contained several unique and newly identified amino acid substitutions, including E224G, R244K, L289I, Y297H, and L298P. Selective pressure was also evaluated, and various N and O‐glycosylation sites were predicted. This study provides the first genetic analysis of RSV in northeastern China and may facilitate a better understanding of the evolution of this virus locally and globally. J. Med. Virol. 89:222–233, 2017. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LUMINOUS RED GALAXY HALO DENSITY FIELD RECONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION TO LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE MEASUREMENTS

The nontrivial relationship between observations of galaxy positions in redshift space and the underlying matter field complicates our ability to determine the linear theory power spectrum and extract cosmological information from galaxy surveys. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) luminous red galaxy (LRG) catalog has the potential to place powerful constraints on cosmological parameters. LRGs are bright, highly biased tracers of large-scale structure. However, because they are highly biased, the nonlinear contribution of satellite galaxies to the galaxy power spectrum is large and fingers-of-God (FOGs) are significant. The combination of these effects leads to a ∼10% correction in the underlying power spectrum at k = 0.1 h Mpc−1 and ∼40% correction at k = 0.2 h Mpc−1 in the LRG P(k) analysis of Tegmark et al., thereby compromising the cosmological constraints when this potentially large correction is left as a free parameter. We propose an alternative approach to recovering the matter field from galaxy observations. Our approach is to use halos rather than galaxies to trace the underlying mass distribution. We identify FOGs and replace each FOG with a single halo object. This removes the nonlinear contribution of satellite galaxies, the one-halo term. We test our method on a large set of high-fidelity mock SDSS LRG catalogs and find that the power spectrum of the reconstructed halo density field deviates from the underlying matter power spectrum at the ⩽1% level for k ⩽ 0.1 h Mpc−1 and ⩽4% at k = 0.2 h Mpc−1. The reconstructed halo density field also removes the bias in the measurement of the redshift space distortion parameter β induced by the FOG smearing of the linear redshift space distortions.
Participation and rights of children with Specific Needs of Educational Support in Castilla y León (Spain): bridging the gap between policies and practices

ABSTRACT The administration of the Spanish State is based on a decentralised model consisting of 17 autonomous regions. Castilla y León represents the largest region in Spain and the third largest in the European Union. Our analysis of both national and regional (Castilla y León) legislation on the rights of children and youth with Specific Needs of Educational Support (SNES) to participate in education suggests that the relevant legislation incorporates the minimum standards proposed by various international organisations (UNCRC, UNCRPD). Nevertheless, socio-educational organisations and researchers report limitations and setbacks to the participation of children and young people in Castilla y León, which especially impact on children with SNES: no representation on Primary and Special Education School Boards, socio-economic segregation at some schools, and scarce social participation with disadvantages for girls and other vulnerable groups. In view of these challenges, we set out to ascertain the impact of legislation on the rights of children, by listening to the voices of children with SNES. Our research, a replication of a British project, is adapted to our region. We expect to perform comparative analyses, to learn from other examples of good practice, and to offer innovative proposals for international implementation and dissemination.
Peut-on parler d’engagement affectif et d’engagement calculé chez les agents publics africains ?

Cette recherche vise a analyser la pertinence et la dimensionnalite des engagements affectif et calcule au sens de Meyer et Allen dans un contexte africain. Les resultats de l’analyse factorielle exploratoire et de l’analyse factorielle confirmatoire sur deux echantillons d’agents publics beninois montrent que l’engagement affectif et l’engagement calcule sont des concepts pertinents dans ce contexte. Cependant, contrairement aux etudes anterieures, l’engagement affectif s’est revele comme un concept compose de deux sous-dimensions distinctes : l’attachement social et l’attachement aux valeurs organisationnelles. Les deux sous-dimensions generalement trouvees dans la litterature pour l’engagement calcule ont ete confirmees. Les implications de ces resultats sont discutees.
Toward Automatically Generating Privacy Policy for Android Apps

A privacy policy is a statement informing users how their information will be collected, used, and disclosed. Failing to provide a correct privacy policy may result in a fine. However, writing privacy policy is tedious and error-prone, because the author may not understand the source code well as it could have been written by others (e.g., outsourcing), or the author does not know the internal working of third-party libraries used. In this paper, we propose and develop a novel system named AutoPPG to automatically construct correct and readable descriptions to facilitate the generation of privacy policy for Android applications (i.e., apps). Given an app, AutoPPG first conducts static code analysis to characterize its behaviors related to users’ personal information, and then applies natural language processing techniques to generating correct and accessible sentences for describing these behaviors. The experimental results using real apps and crowdsourcing indicate that: 1) AutoPPG creates correct and easy-to-understand descriptions for privacy policies; 2) the privacy policies constructed by AutoPPG usually reveal more operations related to users’ personal information than existing privacy policies; and 3) most developers, who reply us, would like to use AutoPPG to facilitate them.
Percutaneous Dorsal Instrumentation of Vertebral Burst Fractures: Value of Additional Percutaneous Intravertebral Reposition—Cadaver Study

Purpose. The treatment of vertebral burst fractures is still controversial. The aim of the study is to evaluate the purpose of additional percutaneous intravertebral reduction when combined with dorsal instrumentation. Methods. In this biomechanical cadaver study twenty-eight spine segments (T11-L3) were used (male donors, mean age 64.9 ± 6.5 years). Burst fractures of L1 were generated using a standardised protocol. After fracture all spines were allocated to four similar groups and randomised according to surgical techniques (posterior instrumentation; posterior instrumentation + intravertebral reduction device + cement augmentation; posterior instrumentation + intravertebral reduction device without cement; and intravertebral reduction device + cement augmentation). After treatment, 100000 cycles (100–600 N, 3 Hz) were applied using a servohydraulic loading frame. Results. Overall anatomical restoration was better in all groups where the intravertebral reduction device was used (p < 0.05). In particular, it was possible to restore central endplates (p > 0.05). All techniques decreased narrowing of the spinal canal. After loading, clearance could be maintained in all groups fitted with the intravertebral reduction device. Narrowing increased in the group treated with dorsal instrumentation. Conclusions. For height and anatomical restoration, the combination of an intravertebral reduction device with dorsal instrumentation showed significantly better results than sole dorsal instrumentation.
Which experiences of health care delivery matter to service users and why? A critical interpretive synthesis and conceptual map

Objective Patients' experiences are often treated as health care quality indicators. Our aim was to identify the range of experiences of health care delivery that matter to patients and to produce a conceptual map to facilitate consideration of why they matter. Methods Broad-based review and critical interpretive synthesis of research literature on patients' perspectives of health care delivery. We recorded experiences reported by a diverse range of patients on ‘concept cards’, considered why they were important, and explored various ways of organizing them, including internationally recognized health care quality frameworks. We developed a conceptual map that we refined with feedback from stakeholders. Results Patients identify many health care experiences as important. Existing health care quality frameworks do not cover them all. Our conceptual map presents a rich array of experiences, including health care relationships (beyond communication) and their implications for people's valued capabilities (e.g. to feel respected, contribute to their care, experience reciprocity). It is organized to reflect our synthesis argument, which links health care delivery to what people are enabled (or not) to feel, be and do. The map highlights the broad implications of the social dynamics of health care delivery. Experiences are labelled from a patient's perspective, rendering the importance of responsiveness to individuals axiomatic. Conclusions Our conceptual map identifies and helps explain the importance of diverse experiences of health care delivery. It challenges and helps policy-makers, service providers and researchers to attend to the range of experiences that matter, and to take seriously the need for responsiveness to individuals.
A CAN Application Profile for Control Optimization in Networked Embedded Systems

In recent years, approaches to control performance optimization for resource-constrained systems (e.g., networked embedded systems) have been receiving increased attention. Most of them focus on theory, whereas practical aspects are omitted. We present a controller area network (CAN) application profile that permits implementing networked embedded systems with control performance optimization quickly. First, the paper justifies the selection of the network, CAN. Afterwards, the specific application profile is presented. The paper ends showing simulation results, which validate the applicability of the presented profile
Qualitative scoring procedures for the detection of malingering using the Wechsler Memory Scale - Third Edition

Qualitative Scoring Procedures for the Detection of Malingering Using the Wechsler Memory ScaleThird Edition by Joshua E. Caron, B.A. Dr. Daniel A llen, Examination Committee Chair Professor o f Psychology University o f Nevada, Las Vegas Individuals undergoing neuropsychological evaluation are often involved in litigation for compensation. Consequently, much incentive to perform poorly on neuropsychological assessments exists. Thus, sophisticated detection methods are desirable. One promising approach may be to utilize quahtative scoring that provides information regarding the test taking strategy. Many current methods use a single quantitative score to discriminate people who mahnger cognitive deficits, which may overlook sensitive information and be less accurate. This study developed and applied qualitative scoring procedures for the W M Sm and evaluated them using four experimental groups: sophisticated malingerer, naïve malingerer, normal control, and brain damage. Result were mixed. When added to quantitative methods, quahtative variables were able to improve the classification rate when discrim inating a ll experimental groups, but were ineffective toward improving classification rates when discriminating two groups (simulated mahngerers and brain injured participants). Imphcations o f these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Non-Abelian Lefschetz Hyperplane Theorems

Let X be a smooth projective variety over the complex numbers, and let D be an ample divisor in X. For which spaces Y is the restriction map r: Hom(X, Y) -> Hom(D, Y) an isomorphism? Using positive characteristic methods, we give a fairly exhaustive answer to this question. An example application of our techniques is: if dim(X) > 2, Y is smooth, the cotangent bundle of Y is nef, and dim(Y) < dim(D), the restriction map r is an isomorphism. Taking Y to be the classifying space of a finite group BG, the moduli space of pointed curves M_{g,n}, the moduli space of principally polarized Abelian varieties A_g, certain period domains, and various other moduli spaces, one obtains many new and classical Lefschetz hyperplane theorems.
SURVEY ON EXTRACTION OF SINUSOIDS IN STATIONARY SOUNDS

This paper makes a survey of the numerous analysis methods proposed in order to extract the frequency, amplitude, and phase of sinusoidal components from stationary sounds, which is of great interest for spectral modeling, digital audio effects, or pitch tracking for instance. We consider different methods that improve the frequency resolution of a plain FFT. We compare the accuracies in frequency and amplitude of all these methods. As the results show, all considered methods have a great advantage over the plain FFT.