Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recidivism Among Juvenile Offenders Following Release from Residential Placements: Multivariate Predictors and Gender Differences

ABSTRACT Using a sample of 580 juvenile offenders released from out-of-home placements, this study regressed 18-month recidivism on 33 possible predictors. Over 52 percent of juveniles had new adjudications. Only gender, age, victimization history, and presence of special education needs significantly predicted recidivism. When separate models were estimated for males and females, most of these variables remained significant for males, but none were predictive of female recidivism; the only variable predictive of the latter was previous out-of-home placements. Points of consistency and inconsistency with previous research are discussed, as are implications of the findings for aftercare programming and future research.
Anonymous Altruism: Extending the Lost Letter Technique

Summary Two hypotheses were tested regarding the factors that determine altruistic behavior when both the helper and the helped remain unknown, with the use of a modification of the lost-letter technique in which post cards are inscribed with messages of varying content. It was predicted that altruistic behavior—i.e., the return of the post cards—would be greater when (a) the message was important as opposed to unimportant, and (b) the content of the message was good rather than bad. Only the first prediction was supported, suggesting that under conditions of anonymity the positive or negative aspect of the message is not as crucial as it is in face-to-face situations previously studied.
For Love or Money: Developing and Validating a Motivational Scale for Fantasy Football Participation

The contemporary sport fan has the ability to consume spectator sport through several means including event attendance, television and radio broadcasts, print publications, and Internet applications. Recently, an ancillary sport service, termed fantasy sports, has become one of the most popular activities among sport fans. As a result, the business of fantasy sports is booming. This study examined motivational dimensions underlying fantasy football participation from a Uses and Gratifications perspective. Utilizing Churchill’s (1979) five-step method for developing quality marketing measures, this study identified and validated three motivational dimensions: entertainment/escape, competition, and social interaction. The results suggest a pattern of fantasy football participation that is more purposeful and active than traditional media use. Discussed are the gambling associations, future research opportunities, and suggestions for developing fantasy football participation into a more creative and interact.
Efficient assessment of the instantaneous power distributions of pulse-shaped single- and multi-carrier signals

We present a new approach for assessing the instantaneous power distributions of the continuous-time transmit signal (i.e., after pulse shaping) in single- and multi-carrier transmission schemes. On the one hand, an efficient calculation of the distribution for single-carrier signals via the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is given. On the other hand, tight approximations for multi-carrier transmission based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) are reviewed. Thereby, the effect of non-modulated carriers (guard bands) is taken into account. The impact of the roll-off factor of root-raised-cosine pulse shaping is analyzed and its converse influence on the peak-to-average power behavior of both modulation strategies is discussed. All theoretical derivations match very well with numerical results obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations.
Alternative Methods for Measuring Organization Fit: Technology, Structure, and Performance

Using data from 68 newspaper organizations, this article examines the substantive and methodological implications of using two popular perspectives of measuringfit: moderation and matching. The strengths and weaknesses of these and other related methods are discussed. Based on this discussion, we use the multiplicative model (multiple regression with product terms) to test the moderation perspective and the deviation score model to test the matching perspective. After consideration of both relevant literature and the empirical results, the moderation approach was considered most viable, provided that proper interpretation methods are used.
Medicinal Chemistry Research Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New 4-(4-substituted- Anilino)quinoline Derivatives as Anticancer Agents

A new series of 4-(4-substituted-anilino)quino-line derivatives 6a–f was synthesized from amine derivatives via Gould–Jacobs reaction. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines; breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and non-small cell lung cancer (A549). The tested compounds showed a broad range of activities (IC 50 = 3.42–23.32 and 5.97–22.01 µM) in comparison with dox-orubicin (IC 50 = 2.07 and 0.02 µM) and erlotinib (IC 50 = 1.14 and 19.26 µM) for MCF-7 and A549 respectively. The 4-(4-chloroanilino)quinoline derivative (6c, IC 50 = 3.42 and 5.97 µM) was the most potent among all compounds against both MCF-7 and A549 cell lines respectively. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed and the results were in agreement with the in vitro cytotoxic data.
Psychological Distress, Social Support and Substance Use in Women with HIV in Substance Use Recovery

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Robert C. McMahon No. of pages in text. (96) The purpose of this study was to investigate concurrent and prospective relationships between psychological distress and social support and substance abuse in a convenience sample of predominantly minority women with HIV in substance use recovery. This study involved a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial comparing a family therapy intervention and a group health intervention. Participants completed the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales (psychological distress) and the Social Support Questionnaire (social support) at baseline and 4 months, 8 months, and 12 months postbaseline. Substance use over a 30-day period was measured by the Addiction Severity Index Lite, which was completed at baseline and at 2-month intervals post-baseline. A series of path analyses was used to test hypotheses generated from theory and empirical research. Results of the current investigation failed to reject the null hypothesis for the 6 hypotheses, and found only partial support for 2 hypotheses. Psychological distress was concurrently related to change in substance use only at 12 months (Hypotheses 1 and 2). Psychological distress was not related to social support, so there was no mediation of concurrent relationships (Hypothesis 3). Psychological distress was prospectively related to change in substance use that was measured 2 months after psychological distress was measured, but not change in substance use that was measured 4 months after psychological distress was measured (Hypothesis 4). Social support was not prospectively related to change in substance use that was measured either 2 months or 4 months after social support (Hypothesis 5). There was no evidence of mediation of prospective relationships (Hypothesis 6). These results were discussed within the context of relevant literature.
Teacher change beliefs: validating a scale with structural equation modelling

The objectives of the study were to validate a substantiated Teacher Change Beliefs Model (TCBM) and an instrument to identify critical components of teacher change beliefs (TCB) in Malaysian secondary schools. Five different pilot test approaches were applied to ensure the validity and reliability of the instrument. A total of 936 teachers from 47 high-performing secondary schools completed the survey. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the models. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the underlying factors, whereas confirmatory factor analysis was applied to test the measurement models. The analysis yielded a three-factor TCBM: (1) discrepancy, (2) efficacy and (3) principal support. The results demonstrated a good fit of the model: normed χ2 = 3.156, Tucker-Lewis Fix Index = . 987, Comparative Fix Index = . 991 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = . 048. The results also provided evidence for convergent validity, discriminant validity and construct reliability. The TCBM is an empirically tested model derived in a local Malaysian cultural education setting. It provides direction for practitioners in planning and designing training programmes of change management for school principals in the enhancement of TCB among teachers in schools. Besides, Teacher Change Beliefs Scale is a promising and welcome tool for both practitioners and researchers. With only nine items, it is easy to administer and not time-consuming.
Hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma: can double arterial phase imaging with multidetector CT improve tumor depiction in the cirrhotic liver?

OBJECTIVE We assessed the efficacy of double arterial phase CT with multidetector CT for the detection of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma in the cirrhotic liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS Double arterial phase images with multidetector CT were evaluated using quantitative, qualitative, and receiver operating characteristic analyses for 59 patients with 78 hepatocellular carcinomas. Early and late arterial phase (double arterial phase) CT scans were obtained at a fixed time of 25 and 40 sec, respectively, after administration of contrast material. Total dose and injection rate of contrast material were 100 mL and 3 mL/sec, respectively. RESULTS On the basis of the receiver operating characteristic curves, the mean area under the curve values of the late (0.98) and combined arterial phase CT scans (0.98) were equivalent, and both were significantly greater than the mean of the early arterial phase CT scans (0.842) for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (p < 0.05). The mean relative sensitivity values obtained with the late (69/78, 88%) and combined arterial phase CT scans (70/78, 90%) were also equivalent and were significantly greater than those obtained with the early arterial phase CT scans (52/78, 67%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Double arterial phase CT with multidetector CT showed no significant improvement in effectiveness compared with single late arterial phase CT used alone for detecting hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma in the cirrhotic liver.
Do values placed on cognitive abilities shift with age?

Despite age-associated decreases in cognitive and physical abilities, age is not associated with a decrease in ratings of well-being; this phenomenon is termed the ‘paradox of well-being. ’ One potential explanation for this paradox may be that older adults place less value on cognitive abilities that have been shown to decrease with age (e.g., memory) and more value on cognitive abilities shown to increase with age (e.g., knowledge). Using online methods, 358 individuals between the ages of 18 and 88 completed a survey assessing the values placed on everyday cognitive abilities, self-ratings for those same abilities, and life satisfaction. Results indicated that there were minimal age-related differences in values placed on everyday cognitive abilities and that values generally did not moderate the relationship between perceptions of cognitive functioning and life satisfaction. Of note, values placed on cognition significantly predicted life satisfaction in younger adults, but not in middle-aged and older adults.
The Quantitative Analysis of Large-Scale Data-sets and Rational Action Theory: For a Sociological Alliance

L'A. s'efforce de comprendre de quelle maniere la theorie de l'action rationnelle peut etre utilisee pour analyser des donnees quantitatives agregees. Il souligne l'importance de ce type de donnees en ce qui concerne la comprehension des actions individuelles. Il estime, dans le meme temps, que la theorie de l'action rationnelle permet de donner sens aux donnees collectees sur une grande echelle
Observations of stratocumulus clouds and their effect on the eastern pacific surface heat budget along 20°S

AbstractWidespread stratocumulus clouds were observed on nine transects from seven research cruises to the southeastern tropical Pacific Ocean along 20°S, 75°–85°W in October–November of 2001–08. The nine transects sample a unique combination of synoptic and interannual variability affecting the clouds; their ensemble diagnoses longitude–vertical sections of the atmosphere, diurnal cycles of cloud properties and drizzle statistics, and the effect of stratocumulus clouds on surface radiation. Mean cloud fraction was 0.88, and 67% of 10-min overhead cloud fraction observations were overcast. Clouds cleared in the afternoon [1500 local time (LT)] to a minimum of fraction of 0.7. Precipitation radar found strong drizzle with reflectivity above 40 dBZ.Cloud-base (CB) heights rise with longitude from 1.0 km at 75°W to 1.2 km at 85°W in the mean, but the slope varies from cruise to cruise. CB–lifting condensation level (LCL) displacement, a measure of decoupling, increases westward. At night CB–LCL is 0–200 m an.
The Accountability Movement

In the field of program evaluation, one of the first things evaluators often do to evaluate a program is to identify the “theory of change” behind the program and create a “logic model” to articulate why the program is expected to work. This allows evaluators to make an assessment about the expectations and feasibility of the program, as well as assess program implementation. In this article, the author uses the theory of change approach to evaluation and creates a logic model for the “accountability movement” or the tendency for funders to require nonprofit organizations to conduct evaluations and report performance information. The model is tested with empirical data, finding that the theory behind the accountability movement suffers from four design and implementation flaws well-known to evaluators: (a) unstandardized treatment, (b) confusion among targets, (c) coverage, and (d) intensity issues. The article concludes by offering insights and recommendations for improving accountability practices.
Extent of Technology Integration in Instruction by Adult Basic Education Teachers

This descriptive research study examined the extent of technology integration in instruction by adult basic education teachers. Teachers are in the earlier stages of integrating technology and are more active in the area of exploration. However, they are not experimenting with the use of technology at the same level and have not been innovative in integrating technology at the advanced level. Teachers feel some anxiety when it comes to technology integration; however, they perceive they are effective regardless of whether they have integrated technology, and they are encountering barriers. As teachers perceive an increase in barriers, their integration of technology decreases; also, as the availability of student e-mail and the number of computers with Internet connection in the classroom and/or lab increases, their integration of technology increases. Teachers' perceived technology anxiety and their self-perceptions of their teaching effectiveness do not explain the extent of technology integration.
Student engagement with sustainability : understanding the value–action gap

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of research that aimed to determine what university students living in Unite accommodation in the UK understand about the concept of sustainable living. It considers what barriers they perceive to be standing in the way of following sustainable living practices. In particular, the research aimed to explore any value–action gap for the student population with a view to informing future actions to help close any gap. Design/methodology/approach – The study was completed through an online questionnaire survey of students living in halls of residence operated by provider The Unite Group Plc. The survey informed semi-structured interviews and focus groups that explored the issues raised in greater detail. Findings – It was found that students living in Unite properties believed sustainable living to be important, yet levels of understanding were very low and there appeared to be a wide value–action gap. Reasons for this are varied; however, an unex.
Managing talent across national borders: the challenges faced by an international retail group

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of national institutional contexts on a multinational's project to develop a transnational talent management system. Design/methodology/approach – The study combines a comparative analysis of British and French conceptions of management with qualitative empirical data drawn from interviews, observation and documents collected in France and the UK. Findings – The concept of “talent management”, as understood by UK managers, could not simply be reproduced in the French setting where the idea of managing talent took on a different meaning. The attempt to do so through a UK-instituted programme ignored this difference and resulted in the complete failure of the headquarters' project to develop a transnational talent management system. Research limitations/implications – Theoretical implications include the importance of an institutionally sensitive approach to the study of talent management within multinationals. A limitation of the study is that it is based on a single case study. Originality/value – The paper is a case study of a cross-national talent management programme from a comparative institutionalist perspective rather than that of mainstream international management. It highlights the conflicts and tensions involved in implementing management systems uniformly across national borders. The paper's Anglo-French focus also contributes a comparative angle that is relatively rare in institutionalist studies of MNCs (multinational companies). Finally, the paper sheds light on the newly emerging and yet under-researched concept of “talent management”, connecting this idea with existing debates on multinationals and institutional change and reproduction.
Measurements of Vertically Polarized Electromagnetic Surface Waves Over a Calm Sea in HF Band. Comparison to Planar Earth Theories

Radio communication over Earth along mixed-paths in the HF band is a relevant subject today. In this communication, we present measurements of electric field propagating over sea water in HF Band compared to K.A. Norton, R.W. P. King and G. Millington's theories, thanks to a reliable measurement setup. The transmitting antennas are located on the coast while the receiver antenna is installed on a boat steering a constant course. The electric field measurements are carried out with a loop antenna and we measured the field strength attenuation versus distance between the transmitter and the boat along a sea water path. In order to take into account the media change (the coast and the sea water), Millington's solution has been added to King's and Norton's theories with the planar Earth model. The measurements performed at three frequencies (10 MHz, 20 MHz and 30 MHz) and the calculations are in a good agreement. At 10 MHz, the “smoothly” attenuation is shown and is very well correlated with the theory. The EM field decrease as 1/d2 has been clearly observed at 20 MHz and 30 MHz.
The Effect of Organizational Justice on Employees' Turnover Intention and Customer-Oriented Behavior in Chinese Full-Service Restaurants: The Mediating Role of Organizational Affective Commitment

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to provide a more comprehensive model which integrates a social exchange construct (i.e., organizational commitment) as a mediator to test the relationship between organizational justice and employees’ bebaviors such as intent to leaving and custormer-oriented behavior. Based on the data collected from ten Chinese full-service restaurants, this study analyzed the proposed hypotheses through model comparison by using structural equation modeling (SEM) technique with AMOS 7.0. The results indicated that (1)distributive justice had negative influence on employees’ turnover intention and positive influence on employees’ customer oriented behavior and these influences were fully mediated by employees’ affective commitment to their organizations; (2)procedural justice had negative influence on employees’ turnover intention and positive influence on customer oriented behavior and these influences were only partially mediated by employees’ affective commitment to their organizations. Managerial implications and future research directions were proposed at the last part of this study.
Does the Effectiveness of CCTV as a Crime Prevention Strategy Outweigh the Threat to Civil Liberties?

CCTV can be viewed as part of: CCTV then, has the ability to simultaneously intrude and protect. Whether it protects at the expense of people's civil liberties and, if so, whether this is always beneficial is the focus of this discussion. A web of surveillance which far exceeds anything that is historically known … It can invade privacy and make Orwell's 1984 a reality. But it can also … be liberating and protective. Therefore, it may be socially beneficial as well as harmful. (Young, 1999: 192) Those concerned about civil liberty issues may argue that whilst CCTV remains the dominant form of crime prevention in the UK, it is necessary to strive to achieve a balance of the rights to privacy and protection (Young, 1999). However, as is recognised in the Human Rights Act 1998, sometimes these competing claims are irreconcilable, with one inevitably taking priority over the other (Young, 1999). This discussion will first set CCTV in Britain in its historical context. It will then address its uses and effectiveness, and examine how these have been evaluated. Concentrating particularly on the use of CCTV in public and semi-public places (as civil liberties concerns focus strongly on this area), the argument that CCTV threatens civil liberties will be examined. Finally, there is a suggestion that efforts to balance concern for civil liberties against crime prevention successes may be undermined in practice by influences beyond the control of both those involved in the CCTV industry and civil libertarians.