Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Object-in-Place Associative Recognition Memory Depends on Glutamate Receptor Neurotransmission Within Two Defined Hippocampal-Cortical Circuits: A Critical Role for AMPA and NMDA Receptors in the Hippocampus, Perirhinal, and Prefrontal Cortices

Object-in-place associative recognition memory depends on an interaction between the hippocampus (HPC), perirhinal (PRH), and medial prefrontal (mPFC) cortices, yet the contribution of glutamate receptor neurotransmission to these interactions is unknown. NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in the HPC were critical for encoding of object-in-place memory but not for single-item object recognition. Next, a disconnection procedure was used to examine the importance of “concurrent” glutamate neurotransmission in the HPC-mPFC and HPC-PRH. Contralateral unilateral infusions of NBQX (AMPAR antagonist), into the HPC-mPFC, or HPC-PRH, either before acquisition or test, impaired object-in-place performance. Thus, both circuits are necessary for encoding and retrieval. Crossed unilateral AP5 (NMDAR antagonist) infusions into the HPC-mPFC or HPC-PRH impaired encoding, but not retrieval. Specifically crossed HPC-mPFC infusions impaired both short-term (5 min) and longer term (1 h) memory while HPC-PRH infusions impaired longer term memory only. This delay-dependent effect of AP5 in the HPC-PRH on object-in-place memory, accords with its effects in the PRH, on single item object recognition memory, thereby suggesting that a single PRH synaptic plasticity mechanism underpins different recognition memory processes. Further, blocking excitatory neurotransmission in any pair of structures within the networks impaired “both” encoding and retrieval, thus object-in-place memory clearly requires network interdependency across multiple structures.
Alojamentos turísticos em Lisboa

Alojamentos Turísticos em Lisboa O aumento das mobilidades de pessoas, capitais e informação, combinado com as novas ferramentas tecnológicos propiciadas pela internet permitiu a turistificação alargada das cidades, associada a importantes dinâmicas de reabilitação urbana e valorização cultural. As políticas públicas facilitam estes processos que estão dependentes do investimento internacional que escolhe algumas localizações privilegiadas para acumular capital. Existe muita controvérsia e reacção dos habitantes locais sobre os efeitos dos novos produtos imobiliários, como o do arrendamento de curta duração a turistas na cidade histórica, pelas restrições que coloca no acesso à habitação. O texto analisa o arrendamento turístico em Lisboa com base em duas linhas teóricas de referência, a circulação do capital entre circuitos de acumulação e no espaço geográfico e o papel das políticas públicas na atracção de visitantes e de investimento para o imobiliário e a regeneração urbana. Palavras chave: Arrendamento de curta duração; turistificação; regeneração urbana; investimento imobiliário
A Psychological Profile of Defender Personality Traits

The security community has used psychological research on attacker personalities, but little work has been done to investigate the personalities of the defenders. One instrument currently dominating personality research is the Five Factor Model, a taxonomy that identifies five major domains of personal traits, composed of sets of facets. This model can be used within an organizational or vocational capacity to reveal dominant tendencies, such as openness to new experiences. Within a security context, this tool could show what patterns professionals exhibit, which may reveal areas of insufficient diversity and “blind spots” in defenses. We surveyed 43 security professionals using a Five Factor Model-based test (the IPIP-NEO) to reveal common dominant traits. We found that our sampled security population demonstrated that they were highly dutiful, achievement-striving, and cautious; in addition, they were high in morality and cooperation, but low in imagination. We note that many of these characteristics seem to be appropriate for security professionals, although the low scores in the “openness to experience” domain may indicate difficulties in devising new security defense methods and in anticipating new forms of attack. This finding implies that security professionals might be more reactive to security threats, rather than proactive in discovering them before they are used by adversaries. This lack of anticipation could potentially leave large organizations vulnerable to attacks that might have otherwise been prevented.
The Peculiar Balmer Line Profiles of OQ 208

We present spectrophotometric observations of the Broad Line Radio Galaxy OQ 208 (Mrk 668, 1404+286) obtained between 1985 and 1991. We show that the Balmer line fluxes and profile shapes undergo remarkable changes. The ratio of intensities between the broad and narrow components of Hbeta increased monotonically from 15 in 1985 to 40 in 1991. The peak of the broad components of Hbeta and Halpha were known to be strongly displaced to the red. We have discovered a correlation between the amplitude of the broad peak displacement and the luminosity of Hbeta, in the sense that the displacement is larger when the line luminosity is higher. We suggest that the observations are not compatible with either a binary Broad Line Region model or one involving ballistic acceleration of the line emitting gas. Radiative acceleration of a system of outflowing clouds readily explains the correlation between line shift and luminosity as well as the peculiar line profiles. Furthermore, it seems that most or all of the Balmer emission originates from the inward face of the clouds. Theoretical line profiles suggest that the observed Hbeta profile is best fit assuming the contribution of an ensemble which might be spherical or confined in a thick disk in addition to a component emitted in a thin shell contained in a cone of half opening angle 12 degrees seen along its axis.
Market Rationality: Efficient Market Hypothesis versus Market Anomalies

Market efficiency theory suggests that market is rational and provides correct pricing. That is, the current prices of securities are close to their fundamental values because of either the rational investors or the arbitragers' buy and sell action of underpriced or overpriced stocks. On the other hand, observed market anomalies have a challenge for this argument. They claim that irrational investment activities and the arbitrage opportunities' being limited in markets cause some market anomalies that are inconsistent with efficient market hypothesis. The most commonly seen anomalies are the "volume", "volatility", "cash dividends", "equity premium puzzle", and the "predictability". This work is a literature survey, and its main objective is to deal with efficient market theory and market anomalies in order to examine the question "Are markets rational or not"?
America's Health Literacy: Why We Need Accessible Health Information

H literacy—the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions—is essential to promote healthy people and communities. Health care institutions and public health systems play a critical role in health literacy, because they can make it easier or more difficult for people to find and use health information and services. For the first time, there are national data that demonstrate currently available health information is too difficult for average Americans to use to make health decisions.
sEMG Sensor Using Polypyrrole-Coated Nonwoven Fabric Sheet for Practical Control of Prosthetic Hand

One of the greatest challenges of using a myoelectric prosthetic hand in daily life is to conveniently measure stable myoelectric signals. This study proposes a novel surface electromyography (sEMG) sensor using polypyrrole-coated nonwoven fabric sheet as electrodes (PPy electrodes) to allow people with disabilities to control prosthetic limbs. The PPy electrodes are sewn on an elastic band to guarantee close contact with the skin and thus reduce the contact electrical impedance between the electrodes and the skin. The sensor is highly customizable to fit the size and the shape of the stump so that people with disabilities can attach the sensor by themselves. The performance of the proposed sensor was investigated experimentally by comparing measurements of Ag/AgCl electrodes with electrolytic gel and the sEMG from the same muscle fibers. The high correlation coefficient (0.87) between the two types of sensors suggests the effectiveness of the proposed sensor. Another experiment of sEMG pattern recognition to control myoelectric prosthetic hands showed that the PPy electrodes are as effective as Ag/AgCl electrodes for measuring sEMG signals for practical myoelectric control. We also investigated the relation between the myoelectric signals' signal-to-noise ratio and the source impedances by simultaneously measuring the source impedances and the myoelectric signals with a switching circuit. The results showed that differences in both the norm and the phase of the source impedance greatly affect the common mode noise in the signal.
Generating Intelligent Links to Web Pages by Mining Access Patterns of Individuals and the Community

The goal of this project is to make use of Web site access logs to make intelligent link recommendations for an organization’s Web site. Several methods are used to make recommendations with varied parameters. Each method is evaluated based on whether automatically recommended pages are accessed later in the same browsing session. Several evaluation metrics are used to compare the methods. Our best results show a recommendation accuracy of around 60%. These techniques are applied and implemented with existing data sets as well as new data from UIUC CS department’s Web site.
INTERWEAVING GROUPWARE IMPLEMENTATION AND ORGANIZATION CULTURE *

Many authors contend that realizing benefits of new information technologies requires adjusting such technologies to fit with the organization’s context or, alternatively, they suggest adjusting organizational practices to accord with the new technologies (Rifkin, 1995). However, Orlikowski and Yates (2006) pointed out that the ways these prescriptions are applied in practice are yet ill defined. Our research yields practice-based suggestions for developing groupware, organizational processes, procedures, and organizational culture needed for successful implementation of information technology.
Expanded color gamut reproduced by six-primary projection display

The range of the reproducible color, i.e., color gamut, of the conventional display devices such as CRTs (cathode ray tubes) and LCDs (liquid crystal displays) is sometimes insufficient for reproducing the natural color of an object through color imaging systems. In this paper, six-primary color display is presented to reproduce the expanded color gamut, by using two conventional RGB projectors and six interference filters. The design method of the filters is also introduced to maximize the volume of the color gamut in CIE-LUV uniform color space. Using the experimental system, the gamut of the six-primary projection display is evaluated comparing with that of conventional CRTs and projectors.
LTP robustness enhancements to cope with high losses on space channels

This paper addresses the performance of Licklider Transmission Protocol (LTP) in space environments. We have observed that the loss of signaling segments can significantly increase the delivery time of LTP blocks, and potentially undermine overall LTP performance. To cope with this degradation, the paper proposes two simple enhancements which make the transmission of signaling data more robust. Both enhancements have been inserted as optional features in the Interplanetary Overlay Network LTP implementation, in order to evaluate their effectiveness on a GNU/Linux testbed running the full protocol stack. The preliminary results presented in the paper show that the proposed enhancements can significantly improve LTP performance in the presence of high losses with respect to regular LTP implementations.
Is pedestrian detection robust for surveillance?

In surveillance systems, pedestrian detection is a fundamental task. To improve the detection accuracy, various approaches have been proposed to address severe occlusion, pose variation, etc. However, apart from the detection accuracy, a robust surveillance system also requires stable detection performance even when the video quality degrades due to the bandwidth limitation and environment variation. To study the robustness of detection algorithms, we introduce the Distorted Surveillance Video Database (DSurVD) which includes four types of common distortions in surveillance video; we benchmark several state-of-the-art pedestrian detection algorithms on this database; miss rate index (MRI) is proposed to evaluate the performance stability of the detectors on distorted videos. Performance-Quality curves of these algorithms regarding to different types of distortion are provided. We also provide discussion on how the quality affects the detection performance.
Preparation of a Novel Chitosan Based Biopolymer Dye and Application in Wood Dyeing

A novel chitosan-based biopolymer dye possessing antibacterial properties was synthesized by reaction of O-carboxymethyl chitosan and Acid Red GR. The synthesized materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), degree of substitution (DS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), water solubility test, antibacterial property test, and dyeing performance, including dye uptake, color difference, and fastness. Results showed that the synthesized dye was combined by –NH3+ of O-carboxymethyl chitosan and the sulfonic group of Acid Red GR. According to the comprehensive analysis of XRD and water solubility, the introduction of the carboxymethyl group and acid dye molecule changed the structure of the chitosan from compact to loose, which improved the synthesized dye’s water solubility. However, the thermal stability of the synthesized dye was decreased. The antibacterial property of the poplar wood dyed with the synthesized dye was enhanced and its antibacterial rate, specifically against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, also increased to a rate of more than 99%. However, the dye uptake of the synthesized dye was lower than that of the original dye. Despite this, though, the dyeing effect of the synthesized dye demonstrated better water-fastness, and light-fastness than the original dye. Therefore, the novel chitosan-based biopolymer dye can be a promising product for wood dyeing.
Learning by Doing with Asymmetric Information: Evidence from Prosper.Com

Using peer-to-peer (P2P) lending as an example, we show that learning by doing plays an important role in alleviating the information asymmetry between market players. Although the P2P platform (Prosper.com) discloses part of borrowers' credit histories, lenders face serious information problems because the market is new and subject to adverse selection relative to offline markets. We find that early lenders did not fully understand the market risk but lender learning is effective in reducing the risk over time. As a result, the market excludes more and more sub-prime borrowers and evolves towards the population served by traditional credit markets.
Geometry of Interaction explained

in terms of traced symmetric monoidal categories. We then work out in some detail how the new proposal captures Girard’s original formulation. The Geometry of Interaction is introduced by Girard as the mathematical model of the dynamics of cut-elimination. It is formulated in terms of operator algebra, and the cut-elimination is represented by asingle execution formula. This is very much interesting, but the intuitive meaning of this mathematical model does not seem to be perfectly clear. Abramsky and Jagadeesan [2] proposed their own formulation of Geometry of Interaction, which is very much similar to their game semantics of linear logic. The machinery is fairly simple and clear, but the precise relationship to the original formulation is not fully explicated. The axiomatic framework of Geometry of Interaction proposed by Abramsky, Haghverdi and Scott is supposed to fill the gap between the two formulations. In any case it gives us avery clear and intuitive picture. The framework is based on atraced symmetric monoidal category, and it yields acertain compact closed category as amodel of linear combinatory algebra, covering as much as Girard’s original formulation works. The precise relationship of this framework to the original Geometry of Interaction is, however, only claimed in Abramsky, Haghverdi and Scott
Permission-based Malware Detection Mechanisms on Android: Analysis and Perspectives

Android security has been built upon a permission-based mechanism which restricts accesses of third-party Android applications to critical resources on an Android device. The user must accept the set of permissions an application requires, before proceeding the installation. This process aims to inform the users of the risk of installing and using an application on their device; but most often, even when the permission system is well understood, users are not aware enough of the threat endangered, and trust either the application store or the popularity of the application, and accept the installation without trying to analyse the intentions of the developer. Increasingly, one develops approaches aiming to characterise malware with the permissions, either individually or associatively, with machine learning classifiers. The objective in this paper is to investigate in the literature mechanisms for the characterisation and detection of malware based on the previous aspects. For that, we illustrate and describe limitations of existing works and promising considerations for future research.
Does cache sharing on modern CMP matter to the performance of contemporary multithreaded programs?

Most modern Chip Multiprocessors (CMP) feature shared cache on chip. For multithreaded applications, the sharing reduces communication latency among co-running threads, but also results in cache contention. A number of studies have examined the influence of cache sharing on multithreaded applications, but most of them have concentrated on the design or management of shared cache, rather than a systematic measurement of the influence. Consequently, prior measurements have been constrained by the reliance on simulators, the use of out-of-date benchmarks, and the limited coverage of deciding factors. The influence of CMP cache sharing on contemporary multithreaded applications remains preliminarily understood. In this work, we conduct a systematic measurement of the influence on two kinds of commodity CMP machines, using a recently released CMP benchmark suite, PARSEC, with a number of potentially important factors on program, OS, and architecture levels considered. The measurement shows some surprising results. Contrary to commonly perceived importance of cache sharing, neither positive nor negative effects from the cache sharing are significant for most of the program executions, regardless of the types of parallelism, input datasets, architectures, numbers of threads, and assignments of threads to cores. After a detailed analysis, we find that the main reason is the mismatch of current development and compilation of multithreaded applications and CMP architectures. By transforming the programs in a cache-sharing-aware manner, we observe up to 36% performance increase when the threads are placed on cores appropriately.
Evidence for an Association Between Air Pollution and Daily Stroke Admissions in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Background and Purpose— Many studies have reported increases in daily cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions associated with increases in levels of air pollutants. However, little is known about the relationship between hospital admissions for stroke and air pollution. This study was undertaken to determine whether there is an association between air pollution and hospital admissions for stroke in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Methods— Data on a total of 23 179 stroke admissions were obtained for the period 1997 through 2000. The relative risk of hospital admissions was estimated with a case-crossover approach. Results— In the single-pollutant models, on warm days (≥20°C), significant positive associations were found between levels of PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 and both primary intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke admissions. On cool days (<20°C), only CO levels and ischemic stroke admissions were significantly associated. For the 2-pollutant models, PM10 and NO2 remained consistently and significantly associated with admissions for both types of stroke on warm days. We observed estimated relative risks of 1.54 (95% confidence interval [95%], 1.31 to 1.81) and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.32 to 1.84) for primary intracerebral hemorrhage for each interquartile range increase in PM10 and NO2. The values for ischemic stroke were 1.46 (95% CI, 1.32 to 1.61) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.40 to 1.71), respectively. The effects of CO, SO2, and O3 were mostly nonsignificant when either NO2 or PM10 was controlled for. Conclusions— This study provides an association between exposure to air pollution and hospital admissions for stroke.
Brine shrimp larval photoresponses involved in diel vertical migration: Activation by fish mucus and modified amino sugars

Photoresponses involved in the descent phase of nocturnal diel vertical migration of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) naupliar larvae were measured in a laboratory system that mimicked the underwater angular light distribution. The test hypothesis was that kairomones from fish that activate photoresponses involved in DVM include degradation products of polysaccharides in their external mucus. Studies focused on the glycosaminoglycans heparin, chondroitin sulfate A, and hyaluronic acid and their repeating disaccharide units. Active molecules were identified by their activation of the descent photoresponse. Mucus from the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) activated photoresponses at concentrations down to 10−5 g wet weight of mucus L−1 . Water that had previously contained this species had (1) active molecules that were <10 kDa in size, (2) polysaccharides in the >10‐kDa, ≪30‐kDa fraction that could be acted upon by heparinase and chondroitinase to produce active molecules, and (3) enzymes in the >30‐kDa, <100‐kDa fraction that acted on heparin and chondroitin sulfate polysaccharides to produce active molecules. The repeating disaccharide subunits of heparin, chondroitin sulfate A, and hyaluronic acid‐induced photoresponses. The disaccharide subunit of hyaluronic acid was the most potent disaccharide, as it activated photoresponses at concentrations as low as 10−9 M. Tests with different subunits found that compounds with the most potent biological activity were disaccharides with either a sulfamino or acetylamino group on carbon 2 of the hexoseamine. Collectively, the results support the hypothesis and indicate that enzymatic degradation products of sulfated and acetylated fish mucus can serve as kairomones.