Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relaxin enhances in-vitro invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines by upregulation of S100A4/MMPs signaling.

OBJECTIVES Relaxin (RLX or RLN) levels are increased in cases of human breast cancer and has been shown to promote cancer cell migration in carcinoma cells of the breast; however, the cellular mechanisms of relaxin exposure in breast cancer cells are not fully understood. In human breast cancer cells, relaxin was shown to downregulate the metastasis-promoting protein S100A4, a highly significant prognostic factor for poor survival in breast cancer patients. RLX was also found to enhance in-vitro invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines by induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of relaxin on breast cancer cell invasion by S100A4 dependent MMPs pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 100-500 µg/L porcine RLX, or/and transfected with S100A4 siRNA (20 ng), or/and treated with MMPs inhibitor FN439 (0.3 nM). RESULTS We observed that incubation with porcine RLX increases in-vitro cell invasion and in vitro invasiveness. Enhanced invasiveness was accompanied by up-regulation of S100A4 and MMP-2 and MMP-9. The relaxin-induced increase in cell invasion was blocked almost when S100A4 expression was diminished using an S100A4 small interfering RNA knockdown approach or when MMPs was inhibited by MMPs inhibitor FN439. The relaxin-induced increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was blocked when S100A4 was inhibited by S100A4 siRNA transfection. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the RLX controls the in-vitro invasive potential of human breast cancer cells through S100A4 dependent MMPs regulation.
How Multi-objectivity Can Characterize the Complexities of Artificial Creatures How Multi-objectivity Can Characterize the Complexities of Artificial Creatures

This paper proposes a novel perspective to the use of evolutionary multiobjective optimization (EMO) as a paradigm for the characterization of complexity. Our objective is not to introduce a new measure of complexity but rather providing a framework for comparing the complexity of an object across different complexity scales. EMO provides a practical (from artificial life practitioners’ perspective) yet mathematically-sound methodology that, by combining existing measures of complexity, enables complexity comparisons to be conducted. We show empirically that the partial order feature inherited in the Pareto concept exhibits characteristics which are suitable for comparing between the complexities of artificially evolved embodied organisms. Moreover, we present a first attempt at quantifying the morphological complexity of organisms as well as their behaviors.
Hierarchical compression of Caenorhabditis elegans locomotion reveals phenotypic differences in the organization of behaviour

Regularities in animal behaviour offer insights into the underlying organizational and functional principles of nervous systems and automated tracking provides the opportunity to extract features of behaviour directly from large-scale video data. Yet how to effectively analyse such behavioural data remains an open question. Here, we explore whether a minimum description length principle can be exploited to identify meaningful behaviours and phenotypes. We apply a dictionary compression algorithm to behavioural sequences from the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans freely crawling on an agar plate both with and without food and during chemotaxis. We find that the motifs identified by the compression algorithm are rare but relevant for comparisons between worms in different environments, suggesting that hierarchical compression can be a useful step in behaviour analysis. We also use compressibility as a new quantitative phenotype and find that the behaviour of wild-isolated strains of C. elegans is more compressible than that of the laboratory strain N2 as well as the majority of mutant strains examined. Importantly, in distinction to more conventional phenotypes such as overall motor activity or aggregation behaviour, the increased compressibility of wild isolates is not explained by the loss of function of the gene npr-1, which suggests that erratic locomotion is a laboratory-derived trait with a novel genetic basis. Because hierarchical compression can be applied to any sequence, we anticipate that compressibility can offer insights into the organization of behaviour in other animals including humans.
Quantifying the Effect of Aerial Imagery Resolution in Automated Hydromorphological River Characterisation

Existing regulatory frameworks aiming to improve the quality of rivers place hydromorphology as a key factor in the assessment of hydrology, morphology and river continuity. The majority of available methods for hydromorphological characterisation rely on the identification of homogeneous areas (i.e., features) of flow, vegetation and substrate. For that purpose, aerial imagery is used to identify existing features through either visual observation or automated classification techniques. There is evidence to believe that the success in feature identification relies on the resolution of the imagery used. However, little effort has yet been made to quantify the uncertainty in feature identification associated with the resolution of the aerial imagery. This paper contributes to address this gap in knowledge by contrasting results in automated hydromorphological feature identification from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) aerial imagery captured at three resolutions (2.5 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm) along a 1.4 km river reach. The results show that resolution plays a key role in the accuracy and variety of features identified, with larger identification errors observed for riffles and side bars. This in turn has an impact on the ecological characterisation of the river reach. The research shows that UAV technology could be essential for unbiased hydromorphological assessment.
Empirical and statistical analysis of genetic programming with linear genome

The efficiency of a genetic programming (GP) system largely depends on the representation of GP individuals. In the substitution for conventional S-expression or pointer-based systems, linear GP, in which a program structure is represented as a linear genome, was proposed. This paper's primary research topic is the implementation of a fast, low memory consuming and ADF capable linear GP system. In order to show the effectiveness, we statistically analyze the performance of the system with some benchmark experiments.
Generalized solitary waves and fronts

Generalized solitary waves arise in many physical systems, including water waves with surface tension and multi-layered fluids [7,19,21,22]. They are nonlinear long waves consisting of a localized central core and periodic non-decaying oscillations extending to infinity. They arise whenever there is a resonance between a linear long wave speed of one wave mode in the system and a wave speed with a finite wavenumber of another mode. They have been proved to exist in specific parameter regimes, and are often conveniently modelled by perturbed Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equations, or by coupled KdV systems [8,14].
Blind estimation of multiple co-channel digital signals arriving at an antenna array

We propose a novel approach for separating and estimating multiple co-channel digital signals arriving at an antenna array. The spatial response of the antenna array is known imprecisely or unknown. We exploit the discrete-alphabet property of digital signals to simultaneously determine the array response and the bit sequence for each signal. Uniqueness of the estimates is established for signals with BPSK modulation format. This new approach as applicable to an unknown array geometry and propagation environment, which is particularly useful in digital mobile communications. Simulation results demonstrate its promising performance. <<ETX>>
Retromer maintains basolateral distribution of the type II TGF-β receptor via the recycling endosome

After basolateral (BL) cell surface delivery, retromer promotes type II TGF-β receptor exit and recycling to the BL plasma membrane. In the absence of retromer, however, type II receptors aberrantly sort and are mislocalized such that both BL and apical expression is observed independent of the Rab11-positive apical recycling endosome.
Circulating Interferon-Gamma Levels Are Associated with Low Body Weight in Newly Diagnosed Kenyan Non-Substance Using Tuberculosis Individuals

Although interferon-gamma, interleukin-10, and adiponectin are key immunopathogenesis mediators of tuberculosis, their association with clinical manifestations of early stage disease is inconclusive. We determined interferon-gamma, interleukin-10, and adiponectin levels in clinically and phenotypically well-characterised non-substance using new pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 13) and controls (n = 14) from Kenya. Interferon-gamma levels (P < 0.0001) and interferon-gamma to interleukin-10 (P < 0.001) and interferon-gamma to adiponectin (P = 0.027) ratios were elevated in tuberculosis cases. Correlation analyses in tuberculosis cases showed associations of interferon-gamma levels with body weight (ρ = −0.849; P < 0.0001), body mass index (ρ = 0.664; P = 0.013), hip girth (ρ = −0.579; P = 0.038), and plateletcrit (ρ = 0.605; P = 0.028); interferon-gamma to interleukin-10 ratio with diastolic pressure (ρ = −0.729; P = 0.005); and interferon-gamma to adiponectin ratio with body weight (ρ = −0.560; P = 0.047), body mass index (ρ = −0.604; P = 0.029), and plateletcrit (ρ = 0.793; P = 0.001). Taken together, our results suggest mild-inflammation in early stage infection characterised by upregulation of circulating interferon-gamma production in newly infected TB patients.
Is Earnings Nonresponse Ignorable?

Abstract Earnings nonresponse in the Current Population Survey is roughly 30% in the monthly surveys and 20% in the March survey. If nonresponse is ignorable, unbiased estimates can be achieved by omitting nonrespondents. Little is known about whether CPS nonresponse is ignorable. Using sample frame measures to identify selection, we find clear-cut evidence among men but limited evidence among women for negative selection into response. Wage equation slope coefficients are affected little by selection, but because of intercept shifts, wages for men and, to a lesser extent, women are understated, as are gender gaps. Selection is least severe among household heads.
Ad-hoc co-located collaborative work with mobile devices

This paper presents how ad-hoc co-located collaborations can be supported with an arbitrary number of users that only have access to small-size mobile displays. Our approach is based on tracking of these personal displays that share the same information space. All displays involved in the collaboration act as autonomous windows on a set of data items (the information space) positioned on a shared virtual canvas. Data items are identified by their three-dimensional location in physical space and can be manipulated through the displays that serve as windows on the shared canvas. Each display is tracked in physical space and is aware of its own location. Since different mobile displays can access and manipulate the same information space, a distributed locking mechanism makes sure the data stays consistent during simultaneous access of data in this information space.
Information Retrieval, Imaging and Probabilistic Logic

Imaging is a class of non-Bayesian methods for the revision of probability density functions originally proposed as a semantics for conditional logic. Two of these revision functions, standard imaging and general imaging, have successfully been applied to modelling information retrieval by Crestani and van Rijsbergen. Due to the problematic nature of adirect implementation of imaging revision functions, in this paper we propose their alternative implementation by representing the semantic structure that underlies imaging-based conditional logics in the language of a probabilistic (Bayesian) logic. Besides showing the potential of this Bayesian tool for the representation of non-Bayesian revision functions, recasting these models of information retrieval in such a general purpose knowledge representation and reasoning tool paves the way to a possible integration of these models with other more KR-oriented models of IR, and to the exploitation of general-purpose domain-knowledge.
Leisure constraints and the psychological continuum model: a study among recreational mountain skiers

Abstract Studying the factors that contribute to the development of skiing loyalty holds particular interest for ski resort managers and marketers, since it has been reported that recreational skiers’ dropout rates are considerably high. This study examines how intrapersonal, interpersonal and structural constraints, influence the development of skiers’ stage-based attitudinal loyalty (Attraction, Attachment and Allegiance stages), as conceptualised by the psychological continuum model, and further tests if constraints can be used for classifying skiers into the three stages of the model (Attraction, Attachment and Allegiance). Two hundred and thirty (N = 230) recreational skiers from one ski resort in North Greece participated in the study. The results indicated that the intensity of perceived constraints decreased from the lowest (attraction) to the highest (Allegiance) stage of the model. However, the hierarchical influence of constraints was not entirely confirmed, since all three types of constraints contributed to the stage classification of recreational skiers. The theoretical and applied implications of these results are discussed.
A Multi-Objective Memetic Optimization Approach to the Circular Antenna Array Design Problem

The paper provides a novel approach to the design of non- uniform planar circular antenna arrays for achieving maximal side lobe level suppression and directivity. The current excitation amplitudes and phase perturbations of the array elements are determined using an Adaptive Memetic algorithm resulting from a synergy of Difierential Evolution (DE) and Learning Automata that is able to signiflcantly outperform existing state-of-the-art approaches to the design problem. Moreover, existing literature considers the design problem as a single- objective optimization task that is formulated as a linear sum of all the performance metrics. Due to the con∞icting nature of the various design objectives, improvements in a certain design measure causes deterioration of the other measures. Following this observation, the single-objective design problem is reformulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization task. The proposed memetic algorithm is extended to the multi-objective framework to generate a set of non-dominated solutions from which the best compromising solution is selected employing a fuzzy membership based approach. An instantiation of the design problem clearly depicts that the multi- objective approach provides simultaneous side lobe level suppression and directivity maximization in comparison to the single-objective scenario.
Poverty and Health

Social-class discrimination is evident in many societies around the world, but little is known about its impact on the poor or its role as an explanatory variable in the link between socioeconomic status and health. The current study tested the extent to which perceived discrimination explains socioeconomic gradients in physical health. Participants were 252 adolescents (51% male, 49% female; mean age = 17.51 years, SD = 1.03 years) who participated in Wave 3 of an ongoing longitudinal study focusing on the developmental consequences of rural poverty. Physical health was operationalized as allostatic load, a measure of cumulative wear and tear on the body caused by overactivation of physiological systems that respond to stress. Mediation analyses suggested that 13% of the effect of poverty on allostatic load is explained by perceived discrimination. The findings suggest that social-class discrimination is one important mechanism behind the influence of poverty on physical health.
Generating Code Summaries Using the Power of the Crowd

One of the first steps to perform most of the software maintenance activities, such as updating features or fixing bugs, is to have a relatively good understanding of the program's source code which is often written by other developers. A code summary is a description about a program's entities (e.g., its methods) which helps developers have a better comprehension of the code in a shorter period of time. However, generating code summaries can be a challenging task. To mitigate this problem, in this article, we introduce CrowdSummarizer, a code summarization platform that benefits from the concepts of crowdsourcing, gamification, and natural language processing to automatically generate a high level summary for the methods of a Java program. We have implemented CrowdSummarizer as an Eclipse plugin together with a web-based code summarization game that can be played by the crowd. The results of two empirical studies that evaluate the applicability of the approach and the quality of generated summaries indicate that CrowdSummarizer is effective in generating quality results.
Normative data and factorial structure of the Turkish version of the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised

ABSTRACT Objective: Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (J-TCI) was developed by Luby, Svrakic, McCallum, Przybeck, and Cloninger based on Cloninger’s biopsychosocial model to assess temperament and character dimensions in children and adolescents. Methods: The Turkish version of J-TCI-Revised (J-TCI-R) was administered to 1129 elementary and middle-school (male/female, 546/583) students. Internal consistency reliabilities were measured by Cronbach’s alpha; test–retest was assessed across one month. Results: Cronbach’s alphas for the subscales of J-TCI-R ranged from 0.60 to 0.75 for temperament and character subscales, which were comparable to US and other populations. The correlations between baseline and one month after administration of J-TCI-R were highly and statistically significant (r = 0.578–0.674 for scales and 0.366–0.582 for subscales) (n = 795). Factor analysis results using Eigenvalue greater than one rule indicated three out of four factors for temperament scales and one out of two factors for character subscales which were similar to findings from the other countries. When all of the subscales were subjected to factor analysis, four out of six factors were retained. To our knowledge, this is the first study analysing psychometric properties and factorial construct of the J-TCI-R. Conclusions: The internal reliability coefficients and test–retest indicated a good stability of scores over time and the factorial structure was consistent with Cloninger’s model of personality. The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the TCI is therefore supported.
Positive Definite Kernels in Machine Learning

This survey is an introduction to positive definite kernels and the set of methods they have inspired in the machine learning literature, namely kernel methods. We first discuss some properties of positive definite kernels as well as reproducing kernel Hibert spaces, the natural extension of the set of functions $\{k(x,\cdot),x\in\mathcal{X}\}$ associated with a kernel $k$ defined on a space $\mathcal{X}$. We discuss at length the construction of kernel functions that take advantage of well-known statistical models. We provide an overview of numerous data-analysis methods which take advantage of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and discuss the idea of combining several kernels to improve the performance on certain tasks. We also provide a short cookbook of different kernels which are particularly useful for certain data-types such as images, graphs or speech segments.
Subjective Health Problems in the Context of Personality Characteristics and Health-Related Behavior in Czech Adolescents

This chapter reports partial results of an extensive research project called Health-Enhancing and Health-Threatening Behaviour: Determinants, Models, and Consequences. Its goal is to create models of health-promoting and health-threatening behavior applicable among the Czech population. This is made possible by means of a cross-section research study carried out using sample groups of adolescents, young, middle and advanced aged adults as well as seniors. The presented results focus on the explored selected factors of health-promoting behavior in adolescents, the level of commitment that adolescents invest in taking care of their health, and their cognitive evaluations and perceptions of their own health. In addition, the role of personality characteristics in relation to maintenance, loss or restoration of one‘s health was also explored. The data from the following instruments were utilized in this study: Health-Related Behavior Scale (Dosedlova, Slovackova, & Klimusova, 2013); Subjective Health Problems Inventory (modified version of the inventory by Osecka, Řehulkova, & Macek., 1998), and the Big Five Inventory (John, Donahue, & Kentle, 1991). The sample consisted of 835 adolescents (47.4% female) aged 12-19 years. A principal component analysis of the items of the Health-Related Behavior Scale yielded five factors: healthy eating habits, exercise and lifestyle, avoidance of addictive substances and other risks, regular daily routine and emotional well-being. To predict subjective health issues, we used a hierarchical regression analysis with demographic variables entered in the first block, personality factor scores entered in the second block, and health-related behaviors entered in the third block. The results indicated that girls scored higher on the subjective health issues scale; among personality characteristics, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness predicted more subjective health issues.
A Model for Promoting the Development of Basic Dharma Traits in Preschool Children

The main purposes of this research were to investigate factors for the development of basic Dharma traits (BDT) in preschool children and to promote the BDT which is one of a number of identified topics concerning ethics and morality targeted for urgent presentation to children and youth in Thailand. The study was conducted in two phases using kindergarten students aged 5 and 6. In Phase 1, teachers evaluated the BDT in 1,088 preschool children throughout Thailand using cluster sampling. The confirmatory factor analysis found that the preschool children showed BDT in eight areas of Diligence, Saving, Honesty, Discipline, Politeness, Cleanliness, Unity, and Kindness. Most of the preschool children could express examples of each area by themselves or with the assistance of teachers or friends. In Phase 2, a model for promoting the BDT of preschool children was developed through learning activities using sets of fables. These learning activities comprised fable books, storytelling activities, and supplementary Dharma activities and were used by the teachers with 326 students selected from the sample of Phase 1 by purposive sampling. The results showed that the model for promoting the BDT could obviously promote higher scores both in general and for all the specific areas.