Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Listeria monocytogenes‐infected bone marrow myeloid cells promote bacterial invasion of the central nervous system

Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that is able to invade the central nervous system causing meningoencephalitis and brain abscesses. The mechanisms allowing bacteria to cross the blood–brain barrier are poorly understood. In this work, we used an experimental model of acute listeriosis in the mouse inducing a reproducible invasion of the central nervous system. At the early phase of infection, we find that bacteria invade and rapidly grow in bone marrow cells identified as bone marrow myelomonocytic cells expressing the phenotype CD31pos:Ly‐6Cpos:CD11bpos:LY‐6Glow. We demonstrate that central nervous system invasion is facilitated by injecting L. monocytogenes‐infected bone marrow cells in comparison with free bacteria or infected spleen cells. In mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from transgenic donor mice expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP), we show that infected myeloid GFP+ cells adhere to activated brain endothelial cells, accumulate in brain vessels and participate to the pathogenesis of meningoencephalitis and brain abscesses. Our results demonstrate that bone marrow, the main haematopoietic tissue, is a previously unrecognized reservoir of L. monocytogenes‐infected myeloid cells, which can play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of meningoencephalitis by releasing infected cells into the circulation that ultimately invade the central nervous system.
Dexmedetomidine Injection during Strabismus Surgery Reduces Emergence Agitation without Increasing the Oculocardiac Reflex in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective Dexmedetomidine is known to reduce the incidence of emergence agitation, which is a common complication after inhalational anesthesia like sevoflurane or desflurane in children. However, the dose of dexmedetomidine used for this purpose is reported variously and the most effective dose is not known. In this study, we tried to find the most effective dose of dexmedetomidine to reduce the incidence of emergence agitation in children undergoing strabismus surgery without the complications like oculocardiac reflex (OCR) or postoperative vomiting. Methods We randomized 103 pediatric patients aged 2–6 years and undergoing elective strabismus surgery into four groups. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane and maintained with desflurane. At the start of induction, dexmedetomidine, delivered at 0.25, 0.5, or 1 μg/kg, or saline was infused intravenously in the D0.25, D0.5, D1 groups, respectively. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of emergence agitation and the secondary outcome measure was the incidence of intraoperative OCR, postoperative vomiting, and desaturation events. Results The incidence of emergence agitation was 60, 48, 44, and 21% (P = 0.005) and the incidence of intraoperative OCR was 36, 36, 36, and 37% (P = 0.988) in the control, D0.25, D0.5, and D1 groups, respectively. And, postoperative vomiting rate and desaturation events were low in the all groups. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine decreased the incidence of emergence agitation without increasing intraoperative oculocardiac reflex. Dexmedetomidine delivered at 1 μg/kg was more effective at reducing emergence agitation than lower doses in children undergoing strabismus surgery under desflurane anesthesia. Trial Registration Clinical Research Information Service KCT0000141
24-hour urine phosphorus excretion and mortality and cardiovascular events.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Higher morning serum phosphorus has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with or without CKD. In patients with CKD and a phosphorous level >4.6 mg/dl, the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines recommend dietary phosphorus restriction. However, whether phosphorus restriction influences serum phosphorus concentrations and whether dietary phosphorus is itself associated with CVD or death are uncertain. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Among 880 patients with stable CVD and normal kidney function to moderate CKD, 24-hour urine phosphorus excretion (UPE) and serum phosphorus were measured at baseline. Participants were followed for a median of 7.4 years for CVD events and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Mean ± SD age was 67±11 years, estimated GFR (eGFR) was 71±22 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), and serum phosphorus was 3.7±0.6 mg/dl. Median UPE was 632 (interquartile range, 439, 853) mg/d. In models adjusted for demographic characteristics and eGFR, UPE was weakly and nonsignificantly associated with serum phosphorus (0.03 mg/dl higher phosphorus per 300 mg higher UPE; P=0.07). When adjusted for demographics, eGFR, and CVD risk factors, each 300-mg higher UPE was associated with 17% lower risk of CVD events. The association of UPE with all-cause mortality was not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.05). Results were similar irrespective of CKD status (P interactions > 0.87). CONCLUSIONS Among outpatients with stable CVD, the magnitude of the association of UPE with morning serum phosphorus is modest. Greater UPE is associated with lower risk for CVD events. The association was similar for all-cause mortality but was not statistically significant.
From Tweets to Insights: BERT-Enhanced Models for Cyberbullying Detection

The rapid rise of social media usage, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, has amplified the prevalence of cyberbullying, necessitating effective detection and prevention measures. This research explores the application of sentiment analysis (SA) and deep learning models, specifically utilizing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) in combination with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), to automatically detect cyberbullying in Twitter posts. The study utilizes a Hate Speech and Offensive Language dataset, employing data preprocessing techniques and exploratory data analysis to address imbalances and understand the dataset's intricacies. The proposed architecture demonstrates superior performance, achieving an accuracy range of 87.2% to 92.3%, outperforming existing methods such as Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Deep Neural Network (DNN), and CNN. The research contributes to the ongoing efforts to develop robust cyberbullying detection systems, emphasizing the need for proactive measures in the face of escalating online harassment incidents, especially in the COVID-19 era.
Deep Learning-based Student Learning Behavior Understanding Framework in Real Classroom Scene

Deep learning techniques have emerged as valuable tools for video analysis and motion detection. Recent advancements in this field have shown promising results. Our objective is to leverage these video understanding techniques to aid teachers in evaluating their teaching quality and enhancing their effectiveness in the classroom. However, existing research on student behavior analysis primarily focuses on recognizing actions pertaining to classroom management, neglecting the identification of “learning behaviors” exhibited by students. To address this limitation, we introduce a novel video dataset specifically designed to capture the nuances of “learning behaviors” displayed by primary-grade students in the mathematics classroom, along with a dedicated student localization dataset focused on detecting the location of individuals. Our approach introduces a framework that utilizes deep learning-based object detection and action recognition techniques trained on our curated datasets to analyze and comprehend student learning behaviors in the classroom. To assess the performance of our approach, we conduct separate tests on our object detection and action recognition models. Sub-sequently, our framework is applied to a collection of recorded 360-degree classroom videos, enabling a thorough evaluation of its capabilities.
Hardware metering

We introduce the first hardware metering scheme that enables reliable low overhead proofs for the number of manufactured parts. The key idea is to make each design slightly different. Therefore, if two identical hardware designs or a design that is not reported by the foundry are detected, the design house has proof of misconduct. We start by establishing the connection between the requirements for hardware and synthesis process. Furthermore, we present mathematical analysis of statistical accuracy of the proposed hardware metering scheme. The effectiveness of the metering scheme is demonstrated on a number of designs.
Design of Baby Incubator with Humidity Parameter and Blue Light Theraphy

The baby incubator has a humidity parameter to maintain body humidity in premature babies. However, the circulation of moist air in the chamber by manually opening and closing the valve may cause bacteria to enter the chamber and can disturb the peace of the baby. In addition, premature babies with low birth weight (LBV) are more often affected by jaundice, so intensive therapy and care are needed in a baby incubator. In this study, a baby incubator was designed with humidity parameters and Bluelight Therapy which uses the SHT11 sensor to detect humidity in the chamber and maintain humidity in the range of 50-70% RH. Based on the measurement data, the largest error value is found at 34°C of 0.53% RH. Bluelight Therapy uses 4 TL lamps arranged in parallel with an hour meter. There are 3 timer options for bilirubin therapy, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. Radiation testing on the lamp was carried out on the right, center, and left of the baby mattress using a Phototherapy Radiometer measuring instrument. The measurement data shows that the largest radiation value is in the middle of $641 \mu \mathrm{V}/\mathrm{Cm}^{2}$. So it can be concluded that the humidity measurement is still at the humidity tolerance limit of ±3.5% RH, and the radiation measurements on the lamp indicate that the lamp is suitable for therapy because it has a radiation value of >$400 \mu \mathrm{W}/\mathrm{Cm}^{2}$.
Robust Reversible Image Watermarking based on Independent Embedding Domain and Pixel Value Ordering

Robust reversible watermarking (RRW) schemes play a critical role in vulnerable applications, such as medical imaging, military and remote sensing, which require high fidelity and robustness. Furthermore, an RRW is challenging because it can solve watermark embedding and extraction in lossless and lossy environments. A two-stage RRW approach based on independent embedding domain (IED) has been presented by Wang et al. This paper proposes an RRW scheme through IED with a reversible watermarking method based on pixel value ordering (PVO). In contrast to Wang et al.'s scheme, which relies on threshold-based histogram shifting in reversible phase, our proposed method designs and modifies only the highest and lowest values in a block of pixels. Reversibility is guaranteed as it keeps the PVO of each block unchanged during embedding, thereby reducing distortion in the embedded content. The RRW approach based on IED and PVO results improved imperceptibility over the current state-of-the-art technique.
The wings before the bird: an evaluation of flapping-based locomotory hypotheses in bird antecedents

Background: Powered flight is implicated as a major driver for the success of birds. Here we examine the effectiveness of three hypothesized pathways for the evolution of the flight stroke, the forelimb motion that powers aerial locomotion, in a terrestrial setting across a range of stem and basal avians: flap running, Wing Assisted Incline Running (WAIR), and wing-assisted leaping. Methods: Using biomechanical mathematical models based on known aerodynamic principals and in vivo experiments and ground truthed using extant avians we seek to test if an incipient flight stroke may have contributed sufficient force to permit flap running, WAIR, or leaping takeoff along the phylogenetic lineage from Coelurosauria to birds. Results: None of these behaviours were found to meet the biomechanical threshold requirements before Paraves. Neither was there a continuous trend of refinement for any of these biomechanical performances across phylogeny nor a signal of universal applicability near the origin of birds. None of these flap-based locomotory models appear to have been a major influence on pre-flight character acquisition such as pennaceous feathers, suggesting non-locomotory behaviours, and less stringent locomotory behaviours such as balancing and braking, played a role in the evolution of the maniraptoran wing and nascent flight stroke. We find no support for widespread prevalence of WAIR in non-avian theropods, but can’t reject its presence in large winged, small-bodied taxa like Microraptor and Archaeopteryx. Discussion: Using our first principles approach we find that “near flight” locomotor behaviors are most sensitive to wing area, and that non-locomotory related selection regimes likely expanded wing area well before WAIR and other such behaviors were possible in derived avians. These results suggest that investigations of the drivers for wing expansion and feather elongation in theropods need not be intrinsically linked to locomotory adaptations, and this separation is critical for our understanding of the origin of powered flight and avian evolution.
Analysis and Realization of a Manitoba Converter for Portable Medical Devices

Batteries are used in many types of medical devices from simple assistive aids to mobile X-ray equipment and pacemakers etc., Since batteries allow medical devices to be portable, they are used for powering many personal assisting medical devices, which are worn on the body. Battery power is also well suited for diagnostic devices that are used regularly for short period of time. A low-cost replacement battery is used in most of the medical devices. The user has inconvenience when changing the batteries in a medical gadget. The traditional AC-DC power path layout for medical equipment typically consists of three stages, including a linear regulator, a chopping circuit, and a rectifier. Function of linear regulators is to manage the charging current to minimize voltage ripple after the rectifier stage. High efficiency cannot be easily attained since the linear regulator’s efficiency is strongly dependent on the voltage drop between the source and load. Between the rectifier and the linear regulator, DC-DC buck converters were inserted to increase efficiency. Even while switching converters increase DC-DC conversion efficiency, a rectifier is still required on the power line to change the AC source into a DC source. One additional circuit stage indicates a larger circuit layout and greater power conduction loss when viewed from the perspective of the whole power line. It makes sense that combining a three-stage power conversion with a single-state power conversion would be ideal. In this paper, a conventional battery is replaced by rechargeable battery in medical devices to improve the lifetime of the device. An automatic charger/regulator circuit for the battery is developed employing power electronic converter circuit. Various converter topologies such as conventional buck type rectifier, PWM rectifier, MANITOBA rectifier is studied and analysed in MATLAB. From the computed parameters (THD, voltage Ripple & current Ripple), MANITOBA rectifier proves to be the best suited power converter for portable medical devices. The proposed rectifier is a new bridgeless buck-boost employing an Active Virtual Ground (AVG) technique with a simple structure involving a single-stage conversion. An LC filter at the source side lessens leakage current and differential mode (DM) noise produced by the circuit. The planned 1W topology prototype is successfully executed, and the outcomes are confirmed.
Assessment of Breathing Variations to Recognize Respiratory Disorders

Nasal inhalation has a dual role in respiration and affecting olfactory perceptions in the limbic areas of the brain. This dual function emphasizes the significance of analyzing nasal airflow data in Neurology and Pulmonology. Understanding respiratory function involves examining breathing patterns at various instant of time which seems to be challenging with current clinical setting recording display system. To assess the breathing pattern at different instant of time, there is a need for better analysis tool which can help in early recognition of respiratory disorders like asthma, COPD, Sleep Apnea etc. This study makes use of the traditional respiratory recording system and shows the breathing variations through automated calculation of breathing rate and inter breath interval and overcomes the limitations of current respiratory recorders in terms of analysis. The recorded breathing patterns were analyzed with and without windowing/segmentation. It can be inferred from the experimental study that the variations between the segmentation and non-segmentation found to be crucial for clinical decisions. Further the statistical Bland–Altman plot showed a breathing rate variation of 0.2733± 2.5336 breath per minute (bpm) and -0.7036±2.0973 breath per minute (bpm) with and without segmentation from that of results obtained using Capnostream™35 Portable Respiratory Monitor. The results indicate that the non-segmented analysis is better suited for applications that require a consistent and stable measurement, while the segmented analysis is more essential for complicated stage of respiratory disorders. Furthermore, the calculation of additional feature, inter-breath interval shows the longevity of breathing patterns which is very much essential for studying respiratory disorders.
A Unified Approach to Detecting Binding Based Race Condition Attacks

Synchronization flaws due to race conditions, in which the binding of a name to an object changes between repeated references, occur in many programs. A malicious program acts by exploiting a window of opportunity between the points of execution of another program. Such vulnerabilities can be exploited to gain unauthorized access to resources of a system. We propose a unified approach to detect and analyze these flaws in the Unix file system. We use our approach to identify binding based race condition attacks in an interleaved execution trace of a system utility and a malicious program. We apply our approach to numerous binding based race condition attacks. We also present an algorithm to flag these attacks when an interleaved execution trace of a system utility with a malicious program is available.
Single-cell analysis of Daxx and ATRX-dependent transcriptional repression

Summary Histone H3.3 is a constitutively expressed H3 variant implicated in the epigenetic inheritance of chromatin structures. Recently, the PML-nuclear body (PML-NB)/Nuclear Domain 10 (ND10) proteins, Daxx and ATRX, were found to regulate replication-independent histone H3.3 chromatin assembly at telomeres and pericentric heterochromatin. As it is not completely understood how PML-NBs/ND10s regulate transcription and resistance to viral infection, we have used a CMV-promoter-regulated inducible transgene array, at which Daxx and ATRX are enriched, to delineate the mechanisms through which they regulate transcription. When integrated into HeLa cells, which express both Daxx and ATRX, the array is refractory to activation. However, transcription can be induced when ICP0, the HSV-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase required to reverse latency, is expressed. As ATRX and Daxx are depleted from the activated array in ICP0-expressing HeLa cells, this suggests that they are required to maintain a repressed chromatin environment. As histone H3.3 is strongly recruited to the ICP0-activated array but does not co-localize with the DNA, this also suggests that chromatin assembly is blocked during activation. The conclusion that the Daxx and ATRX pathway is required for transcriptional repression and chromatin assembly at this site is further supported by the finding that an array integrated into the ATRX-negative U2OS cell line can be robustly activated and that histone H3.3 is similarly recruited and unincorporated into the chromatin. Therefore, this study has important implications for understanding gene silencing, viral latency and PML-NB/ND10 function.
Exercise rehabilitation for smartphone addiction

Internet addiction after launching smartphone is becoming serious. Therefore this paper has attempted to sketch out the diverse addiction treatment and then check the feasibility of exercise rehabilitation. The reason to addict the internet or smartphone is personalized individual characters related personal psychological and emotional factors and social environmental factors around them. We have shown that 2 discernible approaches due to 2 different addiction causes: that is behavioral treatment and complementary treatment. In the behavioral treatment, cognitive behavioral approach (CBT) is representative methods for changing additive thoughts and behaviors. Motivational interviewing (MI) is also the brief approach for persons not ready to change their behavior. Mindfulness behavioral cognitive treatment (MBCT) also the adapted treatment based on CBT. There are different types following the emphatic point, mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) or mindfulness oriented recovery enhancement (MORE). It is apparent that therapeutic recreation, music therapy using drumming activity, and art therapy are useful complementary treatment. Exercise rehabilitation contained the systematic procedures and comprehensive activities compared to previous addiction treatments by contents and techniques. Exercise rehabilitation can treat both physical symptoms at first and mental problems in the next step. So more evidence-based exercise rehabilitation researches need to do, but it is highly probable that exercise rehab can apply for smartphone addiction.
Turning from Image Sharing to Experience Sharing

A laminated building panel of the type comprising a metal facing sheet and a backing. The backing is pre-notched and/or cut in the factory to permit field-bending of the panel to produce corner structures. A factory installed splice plate is secured to the building panel to maintain the structural integrity of the panel during handling and shipment to the job site. A method for preparing the panel for shipment to an erection site is described.
The pharmacological potency of various AT1 antagonists assessed by Schild regression technique in man

Rationale A quantitative technique was used to compare the pharmacological potency in healthy volunteers of angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIA): candesartan cilexetil, losartan, irbesartan, valsartan, and telmisartan. Methods In a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group (4x12 subjects) study, single oral doses of candesartan cilexetil 4, 8 and 16 mg, losartan potassium 25, 50 and 100 mg, valsartan 40, 80 and 160 mg, and irbesartan 75, 150 and 300 mg were administered on three consecutive days. Telmisartan 20, 40 and 80 mg was similarly evaluated in 12 volunteers in an open amendment. Angiotensin II (Ang II) antagonistic effects were determined in vivo from rightward shifts in Ang II dose-response curves for diastolic blood pressure (BP) and dose ratios were calculated. Apparent Ki-doses, i.e. doses (in mg) required to induce a two-fold shift in Ang II dose-response curves (equivalent to approx. 50% blockade of receptors) were determined, using Schild regression analysis. Results All treatments dose-dependently attenuated increases in diastolic BP induced by infusion of exogenous Ang II. Candesartan cilexetil appeared to have a more pronounced increase in effect following cumulative dosing. At 24 hours, apparent K i-doses were: candesartan cilexetil 6 mg, irbesartan 123 mg, valsartan 93.5 mg, and telmisartan 54 mg. It was not possible to determine an apparent Ki-dose for losartan at 24 hours. Conclusion Consistent with results from experimental pharmacology, candesartan cilexetil displayed the highest pharmacological potency (i.e. antagonistic activity per mg substance) of the AIIAs tested. Apparent Ki-doses at 24 hours were within the dose range recommended for clinical use in patients with hypertension.