Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deciphering Subjective Trajectories for Life Satisfaction Using Self–Versus–Normative Other Discrepancies, Self–Esteem and Hope

Drawing on temporal and social comparison perspectives, we examined sources of the widespread belief that life gets better and better over time by determining how young adults evaluate their past, present and anticipated future life satisfaction (LS) relative to beliefs about normative others. We assessed whether patterns of subjective LS trajectories based on self–versus–normative other discrepancies varied as a function of self–esteem and whether such patterns were accounted for by hope, encompassing goal–related cognitions and motivations. University participants (n = 394) completed measures of their own and normative others’ past, present and anticipated future LS, as well as self–esteem and hope scales. Results from latent growth curve analyses demonstrated that high–self–esteem and low–self–esteem individuals perceived normative others’ LS as progressing on a similar upward subjective temporal trajectory; however, high–self–esteem individuals perceived self–improvement from past to present LS and self–consistency from present to future LS relative to others. Low–self–esteem individuals perceived self–consistency from past to present LS and self–improvement from present to future LS relative to others. These associations were accounted for by hope. This research highlights the utility of combining temporal and social comparison perspectives for understanding how people envision their LS unfolding over time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethnic group comparisons of variables associated with ischaemic heart disease.

Variables known or postulated as being associated with the onset of ischaemic heart disease have been measured in 553 male and female members, aged 18 to 49, of a working population in northwest London; 412 were white, and 141 were black. Cigarette and alcohol consumption were higher in white than in black men, and so were cholesterol, triglyceride, factor VII, carbon monoxide, and haemoglobin levels, and platelet and white cell counts; factor VIII and blood pressure levels, and fibrinolytic activity were lower. More white than black women smoked; the latter were more obese. Differences between black and white women in factor VIII, carbon monoxide, haemoglobin, and blood pressure levels, and in white cell count were similar to those seen in men; however, there were no significant differences in levels of cholesterol, triglycerides or factor VII, or in platelet count, or fibrinolytic activity. Though fibrinolytic activity was higher in the black men than in the white, the difference was not as distinct as in some other studies; the possibility that black men may be losing some of their natural protection against ischaemic heart disease should be borne in mind. On the basis of the ethnic group comparisons it is concluded that, in addition to variables already known to be associated with the onset of ischaemic heart disease, attention should be given to the possible effects ofhigh factor VII levels,
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Dengan Tindakan Seks Pranikah pada Siswa Kelas XI Di SMK Negeri 2 Manado

Adolescent is defined as a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent age limit according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is 12 to 24 years. Problems that often experienced by adolescents today are issues surrounding sexuality, especially premarital sex. Some studies show that 20 years ago, adolescents that approved premarital sex are around 1.2% - 9.6%, and then 10 years later rose to above 10% and 5 years later that percentage rose to 17%. Act of premarital sex is determined by the knowledge and attitudes held by adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between adolescents knowledge and attitudes with premarital sex acts of second grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manado.This research is an analytical cross-sectional studies design. Samples in this research are 82 respondents teens who have match the criteria. From the overall 82 adolescent respondents show that most adolescent are well knowledge with the percentage of 52.4%, the attitude is dominated with positive attitude with a percentage of 54.9%, and the acts is dominated with good acts that is 61.0%. Chi- Square Test results indicate that there is significant relationship between knowledge and premarital sex acts (p = 0.000) and no significant relationship between attitudes to premarital sex acts (p = 0.000). Overview of the knowledge, attitudes, and premarital sex acts of second grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manado obtained good. There is a relationship between knowledge of adolescents with premarital sex acts. There is a relationship between attitudes with premarital sex acts. Conclusion : Overview of the knowledge, attitudes, and premarital sex acts of second grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manado obtained good. There is a relationship between knowledge of adolescents with premarital sex acts. There is a relationship between attitudes with premarital sex acts. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Acts, Premarital Sex, Adolescent
Nonequilibrium localization and the interplay between disorder and interactions

We study the nonequilibrium interplay between disorder and interactions in a closed quantum system. We base our analysis on the notion of dynamical state-space localization, calculated via the Loschmidt echo. Although real-space and state-space localization are independent concepts in general, we show that both perspectives may be directly connected through a specific choice of initial states, namely, maximally localized states (ML-states). We show numerically that in the noninteracting case the average echo is found to be monotonically increasing with increasing disorder; these results are in agreement with an analytical evaluation in the single particle case in which the echo is found to be inversely proportional to the localization length. We also show that for interacting systems, the length scale under which equilibration may occur is upper bounded and such bound is smaller the greater the average echo of ML-states. When disorder and interactions, both being localization mechanisms, are simultaneously at play the echo features a non-monotonic behaviour indicating a non-trivial interplay of the two processes. This interplay induces delocalization of the dynamics which is accompanied by delocalization in real-space. This non-monotonic behaviour is also present in the effective integrability which we show by evaluating the gap statistics.
¿somos más móviles incluyendo a la mitad invisible?: análisis de la movilidad social intergeneracional en españa en 2011

El objetivo del articulo es presentar los resultados obtenidos en una investigacion sobre la movilidad ocupacional intergeneracional en Espana utilizando la Encuesta de Condiciones de Vida del INE del 2011. Se compara la ocupacion entre origen (padres) y destino (hijos), que tradicionalmente se ha realizado con la poblacion masculina, proponiendo responder la siguiente pregunta: ? en que medida los resultados de los analisis sobre movilidad relativa en Espana cambian al tomar a la poblacion femenina tanto en origen como en destino? Como resultado mostramos que la inclusion de las mujeres en los modelos de movilidad cambia la conclusion habitual sobre la fluidez constante en el tiempo: existe una mayor fluidez, no invariante en el tiempo, que revela el nuevo papel que la mujer ha ido adquiriendo en nuestra sociedad en las ultimas decadas.
Sensation Seeking, Motivation, and Substance Use: A Dual System Approach

This article extends conceptualizations of sensation seeking as a function of an overactive appetitive motivational system and weakly active aversive motivational system. Using Cacioppo's motivational model (Cacioppo, Gardner, & Bernston, 1999) of emotion, sensation seeking is conceptualized as a function of positivity offset and negativity bias. Positivity offset is the degree to which the appetitive system is more active than the aversive system in a neutral environment. Negativity bias is the speed with which the aversive system responds to negative stimuli of increasing intensity. We report a study that begins the development of the motivation activation measure, containing measures of positivity offset and negativity bias as individual differences. These measures are examined for reliability, and then we begin the process of validating them by examining their relations with sensation seeking and substance use.
Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporin A in high risk keratoplasty patients: a prospectively randomised clinical trial

BACKGROUND/AIMS The requirement for an effective, minimally toxic immunosuppressive agent remains a major obstacle to performing high risk corneal transplantation. Although therapy with cyclosporin A (CSA) allows superior graft survival, its use is limited because of a wide range of side effects. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been shown to be a safe and effective immunosuppressive agent following renal transplantation. This prospective, randomised clinical trial was carried out to investigate the efficacy and safety of MMF in preventing corneal allograft rejection. METHODS Recipients of corneal transplants who were at high risk for graft failure were randomly assigned to either CSA or MMF immunosuppressive therapy. CSA was given in doses to achieve whole blood trough levels of 120–150 ng/ml. MMF was given in a daily dose of 2 g. Both therapy groups additionally received oral corticosteroids (fluocortolone 1 mg/kg) which were tapered and discontinued within the first 3 postoperative weeks. Patients were monitored closely for evidence of corneal graft rejection and adverse side effects. Drug efficacy was measured, primarily, by the number of patients who experienced at least one episode of clinical graft rejection. Safety analysis focused on reported adverse side effects and laboratory measurements. RESULTS 41 patients were enrolled in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. 20 patients received CSA and 21 patients received MMF. Two patients in each group showed evidence of acute graft rejection which could be treated effectively by corticosteroids. All corneal grafts remained clear throughout the follow up. CONCLUSIONS In this study it was shown that MMF is just as effective as CSA in preventing acute rejection following high risk corneal transplantation. Mycophenolate mofetil represents a promising alternative therapeutic option in patients who are at high risk for corneal graft failure.
Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and accessory cells modulate radioprotection by purified hematopoietic cells

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promotes the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of myeloid lineage cells and regulates chemotaxis and adhesion. However, mice in which the genes encoding GM-CSF (Gmcsf) or the β common subunit of the GM-CSF receptor (βc) are inactivated display normal steady-state hematopoiesis. Here, we show that host GM-CSF signaling strongly modulates the ability of donor hematopoietic cells to radioprotect lethally irradiated mice. Although bone marrow mononuclear cells efficiently rescue Gmcsf mutant recipients, fetal liver cells and Sca1+ lin−/dim marrow cells are markedly impaired. This defect is partially attributable to accessory cells that are more prevalent in bone marrow. In contrast, Gmcsf-deficient hematopoietic stem cells demonstrate normal proliferative potentials. Short-term survival is also impaired in irradiated βc mutant recipients transplanted with fetal liver or bone marrow. These data demonstrate a nonredundant function of GM-CSF in radioprotection by donor hematopoietic cells that may prove relevant in clinical transplantation.
Connexin diversity in the heart: insights from transgenic mouse models

Cardiac conduction is mediated by gap junction channels that are formed by connexin (Cx) protein subunits. The connexin family of proteins consists of more than 20 members varying in their biophysical properties and ability to combine with other connexins into heteromeric gap junction channels. The mammalian heart shows regional differences both in connexin expression profile and in degree of electrical coupling. The latter reflects functional requirements for conduction velocity which needs to be low in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes and high in the ventricular conduction system. Over the past 20 years knowledge of the biology of gap junction channels and their role in the genesis of cardiac arrhythmias has increased enormously. This review focuses on the insights gained from transgenic mouse models. The mouse heart expresses Cx30, 30.2, 37, 40, 43, 45, and 46. For these connexins a variety of knock-outs, heart-specific knock-outs, conditional knock-outs, double knock-outs, knock-ins and overexpressors has been studied. We discuss the cardiac phenotype in these models and compare Cx expression between mice and men. Mouse models have enhanced our understanding of (patho)-physiological implications of Cx diversity in the heart. In principle connexin-specific modulation of electrical coupling in the heart represents an interesting treatment strategy for cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders.
Inhibition of proteases involved in embryo implantation by cholesterol sulfate.

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin system are two major groups of proteases involved in the matrix degradation required for embryo implantation. We previously showed that the content of cholesterol sulfate (CS) in rabbit endometrium increases characteristically during the implantation period. Furthermore, CS has been reported to inhibit serine proteases. In this study, we investigated whether CS can regulate the activity of proteases in cultured human endometrial stromal cells. METHODS AND RESULTS CS (1-30 microM) and plasminogen (precursor of plasmin) were added to the culture media of human endometrial stromal cells and incubated for 24 h. Culture media were collected for analysis of plasmin and MMP-2, -3 and -9 enzyme activities using fluorescence assays. Plasmin and MMP-3 activities were significantly reduced by CS in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.001). Western blot analysis of the culture media revealed that CS inhibited the conversion by plasmin of MMP-3 from the precursor form to the active form. Fluorescence assay using a common substrate of MMP-2 and MMP-9 showed that enzymatic activity remains at approximately 50%, even at 30 microM CS. Gelatin zymography demonstrated that CS inhibited the activation of MMP-9 but not MMP-2 from the precursor, suggesting that the activation of MMP-2 may be independent of plasmin. CONCLUSIONS CS inhibits not only plasmin activity but also MMP activities indirectly by inhibiting the plasmin-mediated process. These findings suggest that CS may be an important regulator of proteolysis during trophoblast invasion.
Endoscopic Ultrasound and Related Technologies for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Disease - Research Gaps and Opportunities: Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop

Abstract A workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to address the research gaps and opportunities in pancreatic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The event occurred on July 26, 2017 in 4 sessions: (1) benign pancreatic diseases, (2) high-risk pancreatic diseases, (3) diagnostic and therapeutics, and (4) new technologies. The current state of knowledge was reviewed, with identification of numerous gaps in knowledge and research needs. Common themes included the need for large multicenter consortia of various pancreatic diseases to facilitate meaningful research of these entities; to standardize EUS features of different pancreatic disorders, the technique of sampling pancreatic lesions, and the performance of various therapeutic EUS procedures; and to identify high-risk disease early at the cellular level before macroscopic disease develops. The need for specialized tools and accessories to enable the safe and effective performance of therapeutic EUS procedures also was discussed.
Is an ordinal class structure useful in classifier learning?

In recent years, a number of machine learning algorithms have been developed for the problem of ordinal classification. These algorithms try to exploit, in one way or the other, the order information of the problem, essentially relying on the assumption that the ordinal structure of the set of class labels is also reflected in the topology of the instance space. The purpose of this paper is to investigate, on an experimental basis, the validity of this assumption. Moreover, we seek to answer the question to what extent existing techniques and learning algorithms for ordinal classification are able to exploit order information and which properties of these techniques are important in this regard.
Confirming configurations in EFSM testing

We investigate the problem of configuration verification for the extended FSM (EFSM) model. This is an extension of the FSM state identification problem. Specifically, given a configuration ("state vector") and an arbitrary set of configurations, determine an input sequence such that the EFSM in the given configuration produces an output sequence different from that of the configurations in the given set or at least in a maximal proper subset. Such a sequence can be used in a test case to confirm the destination configuration of a particular EFSM transition. We demonstrate that this problem could be reduced to the EFSM traversal problem, so that the existing methods and tools developed in the context of model checking become applicable. We introduce notions of EFSM projections and products and, based on these notions, we develop a theoretical framework for determining configuration-confirming sequences. The proposed approach is illustrated on a realistic example.
Impact of FPGA architecture on resource sharing in high-level synthesis

Resource sharing is a key area-reduction approach in high-level synthesis (HLS) in which a single hardware functional unit is used to implement multiple operations in the high-level circuit specification. We show that the utility of sharing depends on the underlying FPGA logic element architecture and that different sharing trade-offs exist when 4-LUTs vs. 6-LUTs are used. We further show that certain multi-operator patterns occur multiple times in programs, creating additional opportunities for sharing larger composite functional units comprised of patterns of interconnected operators. A sharing cost/benefit analysis is used to inform decisions made in the binding phase of an HLS tool, whose RTL output is targeted to Altera commercial FPGA families: Stratix IV (dual-output 6-LUTs) and Cyclone II (4-LUTs).
Development and application of a time-lapse photograph analysis method to investigate the link between tidewater glacier flow variations and supraglacial lake drainage events

Abstract Marine-terminating glaciers may experience seasonal and short-term flow variations, which can impact rates of ice flux through the glacier terminus. We explore the relationship between variability in the flow of a large tidewater glacier (Belcher Glacier, Nunavut, Canada), the seasonal cycle of surface meltwater production and the rapid drainage of supraglacial lakes. We demonstrate a novel method for analyzing time-lapse photography to quantify lake area change rates (a proxy for net filling and drainage rates) and develop a typology of lake drainage styles. GPS records of ice motion reveal four flow acceleration events which can be linked to lake drainage events discovered in the time-lapse photography. These events are superimposed on a longer pattern of velocity variation that is linked to seasonal variation in surface melting. At the terminus of the glacier, the ice displacement associated with the lake drainage events constitutes ∼10% of the seasonally accelerated displacement or 0.4% of the total annual ice displacement (336 m a−1). While the immediate ice response to these individual perturbations may be small, these drainage events may enhance overall seasonal acceleration by opening and/or sustaining meltwater conduits to the glacier bed.
Getting the “Most Bang for Your Buck”

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to compare instructional effectiveness and efficiency among the use of phonic analysis, incremental rehearsal, and traditional drill and practice word reading techniques during repeated reading lessons. Sixty primary grade children who had difficulty acquiring basic oral reading fluency skills were randomly selected to participate in one of the three word reading techniques + repeated reading conditions. Cumulative oral reading fluency and cumulative words learned from initial to repeated reading of passages as a function of type of word reading technique served as measures of instructional effectiveness. Instructional efficiency was measured by cumulative oral reading fluency and cumulative words learned per total instructional time (rate-based measure). Results showed that there were no significant differences between children in the phonic analysis + repeated reading group and children in the two whole word + repeated reading groups. However, there were differences between the two whole word + repeated reading groups favoring the traditional drill and practice over the incremental rehearsal group. Additionally, the group that received the traditional drill and practice + repeated reading lessons was the most efficient in learning to read words in passages than the groups that received either phonic analysis + repeated reading or incremental rehearsal + repeated reading. Implications for school psychologists are discussed.
The leader as motivator: coach and self‐esteem builder

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine what motivating strategies followers (comprised of low and high need achievers) view as most necessary from their leaders.Design/methodology/approach – Three survey instruments were administered to 297 working professionals taking business courses offered through a college of management at a private university. Correlational research methodology was used to investigate the relationships between self‐attributed needs for achievement on demographic, interest and effort variables. Discriminant analysis was used to determine if motivational and profile characteristics could be used to predict low and high self‐attributed need achievers.Findings – The major findings of this study centered on the leader's ability to inspire followers by using a variety of interesting coaching techniques and by building their self‐esteem regardless of achievement orientation.Research limitations/implications – The results of this study are tentative and need to be reproduced wi.