Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Project Evaluation

Identify the scope of the project in detail, including its purpose, location, and potential impacts. If the ground is to be disturbed, describe the depth and extent of excavation. Describe the existing site conditions, including previous development. Note if work will impact or extend beyond park property. Indicate if work will be done in conjunction with, or as part of, other projects. (Use additional pages if necessary.)
Schema extraction and levelization for XML data

XML is a new standard for representing and exchanging information on the Internet. An XML data is a data that is tagged by XML elements. Such an XML data can be retrieved not only by a Boolean connection with keywords on the Internet. Keyword-based information retrieval does not precisely result in user requests partly because user requests cannot be properly conveyed. Either too many or too few matches are produced. It is not trivial to formulate what to retrieve for a good-sized query-result. In conventional approaches, a database schema is useful for users to formulate queries and for query processing. Likewise, this paper proposes a method of schema extraction for XML data collection. Obtaining one single schema is not sufficient to serve for the good size of information retrieval and adaptively for the various requests from Internet users. To support this, schemas are then levelized with respect to the frequency of topological data structures in a database. The topological structural information of these schemas is used to formulate queries and further to rewrite queries for relaxation and restriction. Without modification, the method proposed in this paper is used not only for multimedia XML data collections but also for general XML databases.
Sustainability of government debt: preconditions for stability in the financial system and prices

In Japan’s case, the drop in the potential growth rate and concerns about the future tax and pension burden have given households and firms the incentive to spend less and save more. This has led to deflationary pressures and low interest rates. However, this situation is not sustainable in the long-run. A combination of measures to improve the longer-term fiscal outlook and to enhance potential growth needs to be implemented aggressively. The social costs of implementing such measures are large. However, if the government’s fiscal outlook loses credibility, the costs would become even greater.
Are Sex Drive and Hypersexuality Associated with Pedophilic Interest and Child Sexual Abuse in a Male Community Sample?

Although much is currently known about hypersexuality (in the form of excessive sexual behavior) among sexual offenders, the degree to which hypersexual behavior is linked to paraphilic and especially pedophilic interests in non-forensic populations has not been established. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the associations between total sexual outlets (TSO) and other sex drive indicators, antisocial behavior, pedophilic interests, and sexual offending behavior in a large population-based community sample of males. The sample included 8,718 German men who participated in an online study. Hypersexual behavior as measured by self-reported TSO, self-reported sex drive, criminal history, and pedophilic interests were assessed. In moderated hierarchical logistic regression analyses self-reported contact sexual offending against children was linked to sexual fantasizing about children and antisociality. There was no association between aggregated sex drive, and sexual abusive behaviour in the multivariate analyses. In contrast, self-reported child pornography consumption was associated with sex drive, sexual fantasies involving children, and antisociality. Nevertheless, in clinical practice an assessment of criminal history and pedophilic interests in hypersexual individuals and vice versa hypersexuality in antisocial or pedophilic men should be considered as particularly antisociality and pedophilic interest are important predictors of sexual offending against prepubescent children.
Multi-channel OLSR with a Dedicated Control Interface

Most Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) research is based on a single channel. Nonetheless, multi-channel is an approach that can increase network capacity by transmitting traffic on different channels in an interference area. Channel assignment and channel switching, however, are two main challenges when the common communication channel is no longer available using the multi-channel scheme. We propose to separate the control and the data traffic on different interfaces of a node. The dedicated control interface of all nodes share a common channel for routing and multi-channel control. The data interface, on the other hand, uses multiple channels for data traffic. This separation makes both control and data traffic efficient. We extended the OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) protocol to support a simple channel assignment mechanism and improved the queue-based channel switching scheme. Simulation results with NS-2 indicate significant performance improvement on throughput and end-
Frequency and Motives for Stock Dividends in a Unique Environment

We investigate the possible differences in the information content of stock dividends between firms that distribute stock dividends frequently (frequent distributors) and firms that distribute stock dividends infrequently (infrequent distributors) using a unique data set from Oman where the market microstructure frictions are either absent or limited. We find that infrequent stock dividend distributors have higher postdistribution operating performance relative to frequent distributors. We also find that the illiquidity measure is significantly related to the announcement effect only for frequent stock dividend distributors, whereas short-term performance is significantly related to the announcement effect only for infrequent distributors. Our findings indicate that infrequent stock dividends are used mainly to convey favorable private information about the firms’ future prospects, and frequent stock dividends are used to reduce stock price to an optimal trading range in order to improve trading liquidity. JEL classification: G14, G35.
Particle selection in suspension-feeding bivalves

Particle selection was studied in 10 species of suspension-feeding bivalves by comparing the proportion of algae in the pseudofaeces with that in the surrounding water. All species examined exhibited particle selection, but with different efficiencies. Spisula subtruncata was most efficient, followed, in decreasing order of efficiency, by Corbula gibba, Mytilus edulis (from Wadden Sea) , Acanthocardia echjnata, Aequipecten opercularis, Musculus niger, Crassostrea gigas, Mya arenaria, Cerastoderrna edule, Mytilus e d u l ~ s (from Qresund), and Arctjca ~s landica . Selection efficiency correlated with the size of the labial palps. Particles rejected as pseudofaeces were embedded in mucus, whereas ingested particles were always in free suspension in M. edulis. Apparently, then, different particles have different probabilities of being trapped in mucus, and thus rejected as pseudofaeces. The properties which determine this probability are unknown.
Can the Mortensen-Pissarides Model with Productivity Changes Explain U.S. Wage Inequalities?

This article examines whether the Mortensen-Pissarides matching model with productivity changes can explain the time pattern of wage inequality. The main finding is that the model produces counterfactual results. The main source of failure seems to be the exogenous matching function and/or the exogenous surplus share, neither of which allows firms to use wage policies to direct workers' searches.
Three Variants on the Allais Example

Three variants on the famous Allais example were administered to student subjects. Two variants involved small changes in the example, yet greatly diminished the qualitative behavior known as the Allais Paradox. The third variant is almost a direct test of Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky's certainty effect against Mark Machina's fanning out hypothesis; the results favor the certainty effect over the fanning out hypothesis for at least the case of straight line indifference curves. Copyright 1989 by American Economic Association.
Understanding Inflation Dynamics: Where Do We Stand?

I summarize recent progress made in the literature on inflation dynamics. This has been a very productive area of research due to the development of the so-called New Keynesian model and the availability of new macroeconomic and microeconomic evidence. Nevertheless, a number of problems still subsist. In particular the importance of temporary price markdowns to inflation dynamics and the characteristics of the information set price-setters use for their price adjustment decision currently constitute unresolved issues.
Iran’s WTO accession and the auto industry

Iran’s auto industry faces with severe challenges in the post globalization era since it has enjoyed a high degree of protectionism for more than decades now. Infant industry policy beside the international sanctions has paralyzed the industry, limiting the ability of Iranian products to compete in the international markets, creating adverse selection for consumers in the domestic market.WTO’s accession requires a sharp reduction in tariff rates whereas Iran’s auto industry has been subject to a high level of protection. To investigate the impact of WTO accession on the auto industry this paper tries casts light not only on the quantitative effects of reducing tariff rates on imports and domestic production through econometric models, but also highlights the inconsistencies of Iran’s regulatory system with GATT articles.
Rho kinases (ROCKs) Regulate Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing

1 Rho kinases (ROCKs) Regulate Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing Jia Yin and Fu-Shin X. Yu From the Kresge Eye Institute, Departments of Ophthalmology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4717 St. Antoine Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48201 Running head: Rho kinases in corneal epithelial wound healing
Moving Away from Exhaustion: How Core Self-Evaluations Influence Academic Burnout

Background Academic burnout refers to students who have low interest, lack of motivation, and tiredness in studying. Studies concerning how to prevent academic burnout are rare. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the impact of core self-evaluations on the academic burnout of university students, and mainly focused on the confirmation of the mediator role of life satisfaction. Methods A total of 470 university students accomplished the core self-evaluation scale, Satisfaction with Life, and academic burnout scale. Results Both core self-evaluations and life satisfaction were significantly correlated with academic burnout. Structural equation modeling indicated that life satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between core self-evaluations and academic burnout. Conclusions Core self-evaluations significantly influence academic burnout and are partially mediated by life satisfaction.
Tracking Human-like Natural Motion Using Deep Recurrent Neural Networks

Kinect skeleton tracker is able to achieve considerable human body tracking performance in convenient and a low-cost manner. However, The tracker often captures unnatural human poses such as discontinuous and vibrated motions when self-occlusions occur. A majority of approaches tackle this problem by using multiple Kinect sensors in a workspace. Combination of the measurements from different sensors is then conducted in Kalman filter framework or optimization problem is formulated for sensor fusion. However, these methods usually require heuristics to measure reliability of measurements observed from each Kinect sensor. In this paper, we developed a method to improve Kinect skeleton using single Kinect sensor, in which supervised learning technique was employed to correct unnatural tracking motions. Specifically, deep recurrent neural networks were used for improving joint positions and velocities of Kinect skeleton, and three methods were proposed to integrate the refined positions and velocities for further enhancement. Moreover, we suggested a novel measure to evaluate naturalness of captured motions. We evaluated the proposed approach by comparison with the ground truth obtained using a commercial optical maker-based motion capture system.
Molecular evidence that Heligmosomoides polygyrus from laboratory mice and wood mice are separate species

The gastro-intestinal (GI) nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus is an important experimental model in laboratory mice and a well-studied parasite of wood mice in the field. Despite an extensive literature, the taxonomy of this parasite in different hosts is confused, and it is unclear whether laboratory and field systems represent the same or different Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). Molecular analyses reveal high sequence divergence between H. p. bakeri (laboratory) and H. p. polygyrus (field); 3% difference in the ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) and 8·6% variation in the more rapidly evolving mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. The COI sequence of U.K. H. p. polygyrus is more similar to H. glareoli from voles than to H. p. bakeri, while a single isolate of H. p. polygyrus from Guernsey confirms the extent of genetic variation between H. p. polygyrus populations. Analysis of molecular variance demonstrated that mtCOI sequence variation is associated primarily with groups with distinct ITS2 sequences, and with host identity, but is not partitioned significantly with a single combined taxon H. polygyrus incorporating European and North American isolates. We conclude therefore that the laboratory OTU should be raised to the level of a distinct species, as H. bakeri from the laboratory mouse Mus musculus, and we reject the hypothesis that H. bakeri has diverged from H. polygyrus in the recent past following introduction into America. However, we are unable to reject the hypothesis that H. polygyrus and H. bakeri are sister taxa, and it may be that H. polygyrus is polyphyletic or paraphyletic.
Directional Influence between the Human Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex at the Time of Decision-Making

There is a growing consensus that the brain makes simple choices, such as choosing between an apple and an orange, by assigning value to the options under consideration, and comparing those values to make a choice. There is also a consensus that value signals computed in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and amygdala play a critical role in the choice process. However, the nature of the flow of information between OFC and amygdala at the time of decision is still unknown. In order to study this question, simultaneous local field potentials were recorded from OFC and amygdala in human patients while they performed a simple food choice task. Although the interaction of these circuits has been studied in animals, this study examines the effective connectivity directly in the human brain on a moment-by-moment basis. A spectral conditional Granger causality analysis was performed in order to test if the modulation of activity goes mainly from OFC-to-amygdala, from amygdala-to-OFC, or if it is bi-directional. Influence from amygdala-to-OFC was dominant prior to the revealed choice, with a small but significant OFC influence on the amygdala earlier in the trial. Alpha oscillation amplitudes analyzed with the Hilbert-Huang transform revealed differences in choice valence coincident with temporally specific amygdala influence on the OFC.
The internationalisation of an internal resistance ethnic minority conflicts and the politics of exclusion in the Niger Delta.

While a lot of ink has been spilled and numerous papers devoted to the variegated causes of the Niger Delta conflict, what has been conspicuously moot in the literature is their integration into a sufficient explanatory system to facilitate the intelligibility of empirical data and support effective policy intervention. Also, while writers have investigated the internal dimensions of the conflict, little systematic attention has been paid to its international dimensions. The study proposes to fill these gaps in existing literature through a two-level analysis of the Niger Delta Conflict: (1) internal (2) international. The internal level is anchored on a four-dimensional explanation which argues that political and economic factors are the root causes of the Niger Delta conflict, with environmental and social-security factors as the proximate causes. At the international level, the study probes the role of the international community in the moderation of the Niger Delta conflict and concludes with an appraisal of the extent to which the internationalisation of the conflict engendered both attitudinal and policy shifts on the parts of key players. Problematising the usefulness of majoritarian democracy for resource starved plural societies, the study canvasses, inter alia, the implementation of consociational mechanisms in the Nigerian political process as a more effective way of mitigating the seething cauldron of conflicts in the Niger Delta, and promoting inter-ethnic equity and amity in Nigeria as a whole.
Precision Constraint Data Aggregation for Dynamic Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper studies the precision-constraint data aggregation problem for dynamic cluster-based wireless sensor networks. The goal is to extend the network lifetime while keeping reasonable data quality. To achieve the target, we propose the dynamical precision allocation algorithm, which splits the application error bound which users can tolerate into individual local error bounds. We differentiate the sensor nodes in clustering architecture to cluster-heads and leaf nodes, arrange the error bounds to the nodes that can really reduce their transmitting messages. In order to reduce the overhead, our algorithm is merged to the cluster-head reelection process. Experimental results show that our scheme significantly improves the network lifetime compared to the existing methods.
Gender-dependent association of HSD11B1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with glucose and HDL-C levels

In this study, we investigated the influence of two SNPs (rs846910 and rs12086634) of the HSD11B1 gene that encodes 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-HSD1), the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, on variables associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome in 215 individuals of both sexes from southern Brazil. The HSD11B1 gene variants were genotyped using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were measured by standard automated methods. Significant results were found in women, with carriers of the G allele of SNP rs12086634 having higher glucose levels than non-carriers. Carriers of the A allele of SNP rs846910 had higher levels of HDL-cholesterol. The involvement of both polymorphisms as independent factors in determining the levels of glucose and HDL-cholesterol was confirmed by multiple regression analysis (β = 0.19 ±0.09, p = 0.03 and β= 0.22 ± 0.10, p = 0.03, respectively). Our findings suggest that the HSD11B1SNPs studied may indirectly influence glucose and HDL-cholesterol metabolism in women, possibly through down-regulation of the HSD11B1 gene by estrogen.
Relation between body composition and bone mineral density in young undregraduate students with different nutritional status

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the relationship between total and segmental body fat, bone mineral density and bone mineral content in undergraduate students stratified according to nutritional status. Methods The study included 45 male undergraduate students aged between 20 and 30 years. Total and segmental body composition, bone mineral density and bone mineral content assessments were performed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects were allocated into three groups (eutrophic, overweight and obese). Results With the exception of upper limb bone mineral content, significantly higher (p<0.05) mean bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and relative body fat values were documented in the obese group. Total body and segmental relative body fat (lower limbs and trunk) were positively correlated (p<0.05) with bone mineral density in the overweight group. Upper limb fat was negatively correlated (p<0.05) with bone mineral content in the normal and eutrophic groups. Conclusion Total body and segmental body fat were correlated with bone mineral density and bone mineral content in male undergraduate students, particularly in overweight individuals.
Appearance-only SLAM at large scale with FAB-MAP 2.0

We describe a new formulation of appearance-only SLAM suitable for very large scale place recognition. The system navigates in the space of appearance, assigning each new observation to either a new or a previously visited location, without reference to metric position. The system is demonstrated performing reliable online appearance mapping and loop-closure detection over a 1000 km trajectory, with mean filter update times of 14 ms. The scalability of the system is achieved by defining a sparse approximation to the FAB-MAP model suitable for implementation using an inverted index. Our formulation of the problem is fully probabilistic and naturally incorporates robustness against perceptual aliasing. We also demonstrate that the approach substantially outperforms the standard term-frequency inverse-document-frequency (tf-idf) ranking measure. The 1000 km data set comprising almost a terabyte of omni-directional and stereo imagery is available for use, and we hope that it will serve as a benchmark for future systems.
Magnifying Endoscopic Findings Can Predict Clinical Outcome during Long-Term Follow-Up of More Than 12 Months in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Background and Aims. To explore the association of magnifying endoscopic (ME) findings with histopathology and relapse in ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods. Forty-six patients with UC underwent ME with narrow band imaging (NBI) and crystal violet staining and were followed for more than 12 months. ME findings with vital staining were classified into ME-A, regular arrangement of round to oval pits; ME-B, irregular arrangement with/without enlarged spaces between even pits; ME-C, irregular pits in size and shape with more irregular arrangement of pits; and ME-D, disrupted or disappeared pits. NBI-guided ME features of microvascular pattern (MVP) were divided into the MVP-regular and MVP-irregular type. Results. There were 5, 24, 10, and 7 cases of ME-A, ME-B, ME-C, and ME-D grade, respectively, while there were 21 and 25 of MVP-regular and MVP-irregular type, respectively. ME classifications were significantly associated with Matts endoscopic grade. ME classifications and MVP types were significantly associated with each pathognomonic microscopic feature of severe mucosal inflammation, crypt abscess, and goblet cell depletion. There were significant differences in the percentages of remission among ME classifications and between MVP types. Conclusion. ME findings can be predictive of relapse in UC and reliable for in vivo histopathological assessment.