Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ABO-Rh blood groups distribution in cardiac syndrome X patients

Background: Data on frequency distribution of ABO-Rh blood groups in cardiac syndrome X (CSX) patients are not available. We aimed to investigate the distribution of ABO-Rh blood groups in these patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 247 CSX patients’ records were reviewed in a cross-sectional study from 2006 to 2010. One hundred forty six patients (59.1%) were female, and the mean patient age was 52 ± 11 years. The frequency of ABO-Rh blood groups was compared to the frequency of these blood groups in the West-Azerbaijan province, Iran; general population. Results: Blood groups distribution among CSX patients showed phenotypes A, B, AB, O and Rh negative as 33.1%, 21.9%, 9.3%, 35.8%, and 7.9%, respectively. According to our results, there were no differences in ABO-Rh blood groups distribution between CSX patients and normal population. Conclusion: These data suggest that ABO-Rh blood groups might be unassociated with CSX.
Control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Canadian paediatric institutions is still a worthwhile goal.

Control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Canadian paediatric institutions is still a worthwhile goal In both Europe and the United States, the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients is no longer a sporadic occurrence, and MRSA has become an endemic problem in many institutions (1). Fortunately, in most health care facilities in Canada, the presence of MRSA is still sporadic. However, MRSA outbreaks in health care facilities and the presence of MRSA in the community indicate that Canadian hospitals are at risk of having MRSA introduced into their facilities (2,3). A recent cross-Canada MRSA surveillance study of 21 hospitals noted an increase in the proportion of isolates that are methicillinresistant (1.2% in 1995 compared with 2.3% in 1996), with most isolates originating in Ontario and Quebec (4). The proportion of methicillin-resistant isolates continues to increase; from 1995 to 1998, MRSA accounted for 3.4% of the S aureus isolates collected from across Canada. Given that the overall numbers remain relatively low, prevention of MRSA infection in patients hospitalized in Canada should be an achievable goal, if appropriate measures are taken. The purpose of this statement is to provide an approach to control MRSA. MRSA is a good example of the phenomenon of natural selection. It has been seen repeatedly that soon after a new antibiotic comes into use, S aureus develops resistance to the antibiotic while maintaining its pathogenic characteristics. Table 1 demonstrates the chronology of the antimicrobial resistance of S aureus.
Security constrained transmission expansion planning for smart transmission grids based on the AC network model

The Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) problem is not a new issue, however, most research works presented so far use DC modeling, which can lead to very unrealistic transmission expansion plans. In order to deal with this problem, the use of the AC network model has been proposed recently by very few research works. Solving the TEP using the AC model is an extremely difficult task to deal with. Achieving this task is becoming more important due to the complexity of smart grids. In this work, it is proposed an approach to solve the TEP problem using the AC model and taking into account the (N-1) security assessment criterion. This new approach is based on a new full AC formulation, which takes into account contingencies. The optimization tool used to solve the problem is Differential Evolution (DE) and some tests are performed using the Garver 6-bus test system.
A Measure of the Information Content of Visual Art Stimuli for Studies in Experimental Aesthetics

This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of Mehrabian and Russell's Information Rate Scale (IRS) for measuring the information content of paintings. Forty-eight subjects, including an equal number of art-trained and untrained male and female undergraduates, rated sixteen twentieth-century paintings on each of the fourteen IRS adjective pairs and for “interest” and “pleasure. ” Factor analyses performed on all rating data revealed that the information rate score, which is the sum of ratings for all IRS items, provides a measure of the complexity of art stimuli that reflects the collative nature of this property. Specifically, it was found that items reflecting both physical and statistical properties of a composition (e.g., simple-complex; redundant-varied) and viewer “familiarity” with the content of a composition (e.g., common-rare; familiar-novel) were correlates of the information rate score. This value was significantly influenced by a painting's style but not by subjects' gender, training, or aesthetic judgments of it. Results constitute evidence that the IRS is a potentially powerful tool for the quantification and analysis of the information content of visual art stimuli.
Peer Coaching: Veteran High School Teachers Take the Lead on Learning

A voluntary peer-coaching program is described along with the accompanying cultural change that occurred at a suburban high school. Veteran teachers participating in this research reported that peer coaching gave them meaningfulfeedback, motivation to direct their learning, increased levels of trust and morale among themselves, and justification to do more work. Findings suggest that teachers became more active in designing professional learning experiences when they expected such activities would positively affect student learning.
In search of a developmental university: community engagement in theory and practice

Partly as a response to government mandates, pressures from civil society and the business sector, and the socio-economic realities in their immediate neighbourhoods, universities are increasingly venturing into activities that reach beyond their traditional function. Subsumed under concepts such as ‘community engagement’, ‘community service’, ‘university–community partnership’, ‘social responsiveness’, ‘academic citizenship’, ‘service learning’ and a number of other aliases, these activities aim not only to bring universities closer to the vortex of today’s socio-economic developmental challenges, but also – arguably – to enhance the relevance of universities in the 21st century. One of the clearest statements of this new mandate is contained in the South African Department of Education White Paper 3 (A Programme for Higher Education Transformation). According to the White Paper, universities must ‘promote and develop social responsibility and awareness amongst students of the role of higher education in social and economic development through community service programmes’. Universities were traditionally known for their devotion to teaching and research; now the argument seems to be that a ‘triple mandate’ of teaching–learning, research and
Composition of Trustworthy Web Services

Abstract: An ontology based trust model that can be used to semantically annotate web services was designed and developed to facilitate the computation of trust values for service selection and composition. This paper describes the research areas and presents an analysis of the salient issues experienced throughout a three month R&D project. Acknowledgement: This work was carried out in the Ericsson Ireland Research Department as part of an Internship by the lead Author during 2004. The project was a joint effort between Ericsson Ireland and the Knowledge & Data Engineering Group (KDEG), Trinity College Dublin. The lead author is funded through an Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology (IRCSET) scholarship. I. Introduction Definitions of trust generally use synonyms or trust inspiring terms. “Belief” [i], “Credibility or Reliability” [ii], “Confidence or Faith” [iii], “Reputation” [iv], and “Competence and Honesty” [v] have all been used in this way. Definitions generally try to convey that trust has a specific, quantitative, and directed (i.e. A to B, not B to A) value. Increasingly the definition of trust values and their calculation are seen as important elements of an overall security framework. Determination of an end-to-end trust value for a particular service can be brought about by reasoning over trust metadata associated with each of the individual service components. Web services will benefit from the use of trust metadata and management as it can aid in the automatic discovery or composition of trustworthy web services. In parallel, a major direction of web service research is towards service collaboration and semantic annotation through ontologies [vi]. Ontology provides a means to describe and define terms, concepts, and relationships specific to a knowledge domain such as trust and services. The development of technologies for the Semantic Web [vii] has produced ontology languages such as the W3C’s OWL (Ontology Web Language) [viii] which can be reasoned over at runtime. It is argued that trust and service metadata described with reference to such ontologies provide for improved reasoning because of its semantic basis. Trust management research is also exploring models for managing trust on an internet scale outside of the more traditional centralized systems. Furthermore trust management research has also exploring the use of policy based management [ix, x, xi, xii]. Given the above directions, our research focuses on combining ontology and policy based approaches for trust management. This involves the annotation of web services with trust metadata with reference to an ontology for trust and services. In addition users will be enabled to specify policies that determine how the management system should reason over the trust metadata for trustworthy service selection and composition.
Indian Psychiatric epidemiological studies: Learning from the past

The objective of this paper is to provide a systematic review on the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in India based on the data published from 1960 to 2009. Extensive search of PubMed, NeuroMed, Indian Journal of Psychiatry website and MEDLARS using search terms “psychiatry” “prevalence”, “community”, and “epidemiology” was done along with the manual search of journals and cross-references. Retrieved articles were systematically selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Epidemiological studies report prevalence rates for psychiatric disorders varying from 9.5 to 370/1000 population in India. These varying prevalence rates of mental disorders are not only specific to Indian studies but are also seen in international studies. Despite variations in the design of studies, available data from the Indian studies suggests that about 20% of the adult population in the community is affected with one or the other psychiatric disorder. Mental healthcare priorities need to be shifted from psychotic disorders to common mental disorders and from mental hospitals to primary health centers. Increase in invisible mental problems such as suicidal attempts, aggression and violence, widespread use of substances, increasing marital discord and divorce rates emphasize on the need to prioritize and make a paradigm shift in the strategies to promote and provide appropriate mental health services in the community. Future epidemiological research need to focus on the general population from longitudinal prospective involving multi-centers with assessment of disability, co-morbidity, functioning, family burden and quality of life.
The life and death of gene families

One of the unique insights provided by the growing number of fully sequenced genomes is the pervasiveness of gene duplication and gene loss. Indeed, several metrics now suggest that rates of gene birth and death per gene are only 10–40% lower than nucleotide substitutions per site, and that per nucleotide, the consequent lineage‐specific expansion and contraction of gene families may play at least as large a role in adaptation as changes in orthologous sequences. While gene family evolution is pervasive, it may be especially important in our own evolution since it appears that the “revolving door” of gene duplication and loss has undergone multiple accelerations in the lineage leading to humans. In this paper, we review current understanding of gene family evolution including: methods for inferring copy number change, evidence for adaptive expansion and adaptive contraction of gene families, the origins of new families and deaths of previously established ones, and finally we conclude with a perspective on challenges and promising directions for future research.
Guns, Youth Violence, and Social Identity in Inner Cities

While youth violence has always been a critical part of delinquency, the modern epidemic is marked by high rates of gun violence. Adolescents in cities possess and carry guns on a large scale, guns are often at the scene of youth violence, and guns often are used. Guns play a central role in initiating, sustaining, and elevating the epidemic of youth violence. The demand for guns among youth was fueled by an "ecology of danger," comprising street gangs, expanding drug markets with high intrinsic levels of violence, high rates of adult violence and fatalities, and cultural styles of gun possession and carrying. Guns became symbols of respect, power, identity, and manhood to a generation of youth, in addition to having strategic value for survival. The relationship between guns and youth violence is complex. The effects of guns are mediated by structural factors that increase the youth demand for guns, the available supply, and culture and scripts which teach kids lethal ways to use guns.
Estimation of the number of α‐helical and β‐strand segments in proteins using circular dichroism spectroscopy

A simple approach to estimate the number of α‐helical and β‐strand segments from protein circular dichroism spectra is described. The α‐helix and β‐sheet conformations in globular protein structures, assigned by DSSP and STRIDE algorithms, were divided into regular and distorted fractions by considering a certain number of terminal residues in a given α‐helix or β‐strand segment to be distorted. The resulting secondary structure fractions for 29 reference proteins were used in the analyses of circular dichroism spectra by the SELCON method. From the performance indices of the analyses, we determined that, on an average, four residues per α‐helix and two residues per β‐strand may be considered distorted in proteins. The number of α‐helical and β‐strand segments and their average length in a given protein were estimated from the fraction of distorted α‐helix and β‐strand conformations determined from the analysis of circular dichroism spectra. The statistical test for the reference protein set shows the high reliability of such a classification of protein secondary structure. The method was used to analyze the circular dichroism spectra of four additional proteins and the predicted structural characteristics agree with the crystal structure data.
Synthesis and degradation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid by Penicillium citrinum.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), which is a precursor of ethylene in plants, has never been known to occur in microorganisms. We describe the synthesis of ACC by Penicillium citrinum, purification of ACC synthase [EC 4.4.1.14] and ACC deaminase [EC 4.1. 99.4], and their properties. Analyses of P. citrinum culture showed occurrence of ACC in the culture broth and in the cell extract. ACC synthase was purified from cells grown in a medium containing 0.05% L-methionine and ACC deaminase was done from cells incubated in a medium containing 1% 2-aminoisobutyrate. The purified ACC synthase, with a specific activity of 327 milliunit/mg protein, showed a single band of M(r) 48,000 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular mass of the native enzyme by gel filtration was 96,000 Da. The ACC synthase had the Km for S-adenosyl-L-methionine of 1.74 mM and kcat of 0.56 s-1 per monomer. The purified ACC deaminase, with a specific activity of 4.7 unit/mg protein, showed one band in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of M(r) 41,000. The molecular mass of the native ACC deaminase was 68,000 Da by gel filtration. The enzyme had a Km for ACC of 4.8 mM and kcat of 3.52 s-1. The presence of 7 mM Cu2+ in alkaline buffer solution was effective for increasing the stability of the ACC deaminase in the process of purification.
The Effect of Hypervigilance on the Relationship Between Sexual Victimization and Gait

Two studies investigated the relationship between hypervigilance, vulnerable gait cues, and a history of sexual victimization. In Study 1 (N = 130), gait was coded for traits relating to vulnerability where half of the sample was unaware of being videotaped (Unaware condition) and the other half was aware (Aware condition) to induce hypervigilance (between-subjects design). Gait was associated with a history of victimization, but only in the Unaware condition. A mediation analysis found that perceived impact of victimization mediated the association between victimization and vulnerable gait. In Study 2, female university students (N = 62) were measured on their victimization history and hypervigilance. Walking styles of participants were coded for the presence of vulnerability cues in both an Unaware and Aware condition (within-subjects design). A regression analysis revealed an association between hypervigilance and a reduced change in walking style between the two conditions. More notably, hypervigilance was found to moderate the relationship between sexual victimization and vulnerable gait but not violent victimization and vulnerable gait. These results suggest that hypervigilance may be an adaptive response that reduces perceived vulnerability in sexually victimized women.
Desegregation and Integration as Linked or Distinct? Evidence from a Previously 'White' Suburb in Post-apartheid Cape Town

This article analyses whether the physical desegregation of a residential neighbourhood ultimately facilitates the social integration of its residents. Desegregation is measured quantitatively (i.e. using census data for a suburb in which no single race comprises more than 50% and at least one other racial group comprises 25%), and social integration is assessed qualitatively using indicators such as friendship, common local identity, sharing local facilities and involvement in local institutions. Essentially this research is concerned with whether labelling a suburb 'desegregated' is a superficial term that whilst implying racial mixing actually masks social segregation; and also whether assumptions that urban policies of desegregation ultimately facilitate social integration are accurate. This desegregation/integration nexus is explored by examining the lives of residents of a desegregated Cape Town neighbourhood. South Africa provides a timely context because the legacy of apartheid's spatial and social design continues to dominate the urban scene despite policy efforts to promote both desegregation and integration. Copyright (c) 2006 The Author. Journal Compilation (c) 2006 Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Are public opinion polls self-fulfilling prophecies?

Psychologists have long observed that people conform to majority opinion, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as the ‘bandwagon effect’. In the political domain people learn about prevailing public opinion via ubiquitous polls, which may produce a bandwagon effect. Newer types of information – published probabilities derived from prediction market contract prices and aggregated polling summaries – may have similar effects. Consequently, polls can become self-fulfilling prophecies whereby majorities, whether in support of candidates or policies, grow in a cascading manner. Despite increased attention to whether the measurement of public opinion can itself affect public opinion, the existing empirical literature is surprisingly limited on the bandwagon effects of polls. To address this gap, we conducted an experiment on a diverse national sample in which we randomly assigned people to receive information about different levels of support for three public policies. We find that public opinion as expressed through polls affects individual-level attitudes, although the size of the effect depends on issue characteristics.
What Autism Can Reveal About Every ... not Sentences

The sentence Every horse did not jump over the fence can be interpreted with the negation taking scope over the quantifier (i.e. not every horse jumped) or with the quantifier Every taking scope over the negation (ultimately providing the reading no horse jumped). Beginning with Musolino, Crain and Thornton (2000), much work has shown that while adults typically adopt a Not every reading in ‘2-of-3’ contexts (e.g. where 2-of-3 horses jump over a fence), children do not and often produce None readings instead. In line with suggestions from Musolino and Lidz (2003, 2006), we propose that this developmental effect relies to a great extent on pragmatic capacities. In the present work, we aim to replicate Musolino et al.’s (2000) results with 4year-olds and adults while including verbally competent autistic participants. Syntactic skills among verbally competent autistic participants are assumed to be unimpaired while their pragmatic deficiencies have been well documented. Our results show an adult preference for the Not every reading in 2-of-3 contexts and equivocality among children and autistic participants. This is in line with the expectation that syntax makes the two readings equally available and that adults, unlike young children and autistic participants, are efficient at exploiting the context in order to come up with a single consistent reading.
Assessment of Recombination in the S-segment Genome of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Iran

Background: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) belongs to genus Nairovirus and family Bunyaviridae. The main aim of this study was to investigate the extent of recombination in S-segment genome of CCHFV in Iran. Methods: Samples were isolated from Iranian patients and those available in GenBank, and analyzed by phylogenetic and bootscan methods. Results: Through comparison of the phylogenetic trees based on full length sequences and partial fragments in the S-segment genome of CCHFV, genetic switch was evident, due to recombination event. Moreover, evidence of multiple recombination events was detected in query isolates when bootscan analysis was used by SimPlot software. Conclusion: Switch of different genomic regions between different strains by recombination could contribute to CCHFV diversification and evolution. The occurrence of recombination in CCHFV has a critical impact on epidemiological investigations and vaccine design.
The Serenity Prayer: Secularism and Spirituality in Gamblers Anonymous

Gamblers Anonymous (GA) has long been described in the scientific literature as more secular in orientation than similar 12-step fellowships such as Alcoholics Anonymous. Through interviews and meeting observations during the course of two studies (beginning in 2003), we found this reputation well earned, with GA putting considerably less emphasis on the “12 steps” themselves. The latter is a spiritual process designed to facilitate and enhance recovery from addictive behaviors and lifestyles. Instead, GA favors an arguably pragmatic emphasis on abstinence from gambling and tasks such as dealing with debts. Yet much of the available literature is nonetheless dated. We also found that GA has become more spiritual in orientation during the last two decades. In this article, we explore the uneasy tension between secularism and spirituality in GA, with special attention to the role played by the Serenity Prayer in this fellowship. The prayer invokes God yet is favored even by the most ardently secular GA members we interviewed. Here, the Serenity Prayer is used as a window into a highly creative approach to spiritual matters—one that is arguably unique to GA in the world of 12-step recovery.