Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between general and emotional intelligence and life satisfaction

This study investigated the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between emotional and cognitive intelligence and life satisfaction. Participants were 557 girls (284) and boys (293), selected from high schools in Shiraz. Participants completed the Conner-Davidson’s Resilience Scale (2003), Shutte’s emotional Intelligence Scale (1999), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al 1985), and Scale 3 of Cattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test. To examine reliability of measures, Cronbach alpha coefficient, and to determine validity, factor analysis were used. The path diagram of the hypothetical model was tested by simultaneous regression analysis, according to steps recommended by Baron and Kenny (1986). Results showed that: (a) emotional and cognitive intelligences, were weak as direct predictors of life satisfaction, (b) emotional intelligence in comparison to cognitive intelligence was a strong predictor of resilience and (c) resilience, was a mediator between both kinds of intelligence and life satisfaction. Findings also revealed that the relationships between the model’s variables weren’t completely consistent with the whole group for girls. Implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed.
Race-Based Parsing and Syntactic Disambiguation

We present a processing model that integrates same important psychological claims about the human sentence-parsing mechanism: namely, that processing is influenced by limitations an working memory and by various syntactic preferences. The model uses time-constraint information to resolve conflicting preferences in a psychologically plausible way. The starting paint far this proposal is the Sausage Machine model (Fodor & Frazier, 1980: Frazier & Fodor, 1978). From there, we attempt to overcome the original model's dependence an ad hoc aspects of its grammar, and its omission of verb-frame preferences. We also add mechanisms far lexical disambiguation and semantic processing in parallel with syntactic processing.
Bounding the Output Error in a Buck Power Converter Using Perturbation Theory

We show the main results obtained when applying the average theory to Zero Average Dynamic control technique in a buck power converter with pulse-width modulation (PWM). In particular, we have obtained the bound values for output error and sliding surface. The PWM with centered and lateral pulse configurations were analyzed. The analytical results have confirmed the numerical and experimental results already obtained in previous publications. Moreover, through an important lemma, we have generalized the theory for any stable second-order system with relative degree 2, using properties related to transformations and stability of linear systems.
Conditional Inhibition of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Cascade by Wortmannin

Phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase and the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades are activated by many of the same ligands. Several groups have reported involvement of PI 3-kinase in the activation of Erk1 and Erk2, whereas many other groups have shown that activation of Erk1 and Erk2 is not sensitive to inhibitors of PI 3-kinase such as wortmannin. Here we show that wortmannin inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway is cell type- and ligand-specific. Wortmannin blocks platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-dependent activation of Raf-1 and the MAP kinase cascade in Chinese hamster ovary cells, which have few PDGF receptors, but has no significant effect on Erk activation in Swiss 3T3 cells, which have high levels of PDGF receptors. However, wortmannin blocks activation of Erk proteins if Swiss 3T3 cells are stimulated with lower, physiological levels of PDGF. These results suggest that PI 3-kinase is in an efficient pathway for activation of MAP kinase, but that MAP kinase can be stimulated by a redundant pathway when a large number of receptors are activated. We present evidence that a protein kinase C family member downstream of phospholipase Cγ is involved in the redundant pathway.
DISK AND ENVELOPE STRUCTURE IN CLASS 0 PROTOSTARS. II. HIGH-RESOLUTION MILLIMETER MAPPING OF THE SERPENS SAMPLE

We present high-resolution CARMA 230 GHz continuum imaging of nine deeply embedded protostars in the Serpens Molecular Cloud, including six of the nine known Class 0 protostars in Serpens. This work is part of a program to characterize disk and envelope properties for a complete sample of Class 0 protostars in nearby low-mass star-forming regions. Here, we present CARMA maps and visibility amplitudes as a function of uv-distance for the Serpens sample. Observations are made in the B, C, D, and E antenna configurations, with B configuration observations utilizing the CARMA Paired Antenna Calibration System. Combining data from multiple configurations provides excellent uv-coverage (4–500 kλ), allowing us to trace spatial scales from 102 to 104 AU. We find evidence for compact disk components in all of the observed Class 0 protostars, suggesting that disks form at very early times (t < 0.2 Myr) in Serpens. We make a first estimate of disk masses using the flux at 50 kλ, where the contribution from the envelope should be negligible, assuming an unresolved disk. The resulting disk masses range from 0.04 M☉ to 1.7 M☉, with a mean of approximately 0.2 M☉. Our high-resolution maps are also sensitive to binary or multiple sources with separations ≳ 250 AU, but significant evidence of multiplicity on scales <2000 AU is seen in only one source.
The Psychology of the Entrepreneur

This chapter surveys the psychological literature on entrepreneurs, published prior to 1982, including research on their personal characteristics and previous personal and business experiences. There is no well-defined population of entrepreneurs (due to lack of consensus on definition), so comparisons and generalizations are dangerous; however, there is some consistency in psychological characteristics. Three categories of research are discussed. (1) Psychological characteristics. A causal link between high need for achievement and small business ownership is not found; an internal locus-of-control belief does not distinguish entrepreneurs, but may identify successful ones; propensity for risk-taking may not be related to either entrepreneurship decision or success; personal values (need for achievement, independence, and effective leadership) may effectively distinguish successful entrepreneurs from the general population. (2) Effects of previous experience. Dissatisfaction with previous jobs (except pay) characterizes entrepreneurs; an unemployed person is more likely to start a business; and a large percentage of entrepreneurs had role models who were entrepreneurs. (3) Personal characteristics associated with entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial decisions are most likely made between ages 25 and 40; entrepreneurs are better educated than the general population; and entrepreneurs are likely to remain in their home area. The research is synthesized into a tentative model of the entrepreneur. Future research subjects and methods are proposed. (TNM)
Twin studies in schizophrenia with special emphasis on concordance figures.

Twin studies in schizophrenia have been reviewed with special emphasis on concordance rates in population-based investigations. Sources of error have been discussed with particular focus on sampling. The pair-wise concordance rates in schizophrenia are 30-40% in MZ and 5-10% in DZ, with somewhat higher rates for proband concordance. The findings from twin studies support the diathesis stress model in schizophrenia, and it is argued that the polygenic model gives the best explanation for the empirical findings.
Cranial Vault Defects: The Description of Three Cases that Illustrate a Spectrum of Anomalies

Three cases of cranial vault defects in fetuses are described. All 3 cases underwent postmortem examination, and in 2 of them postmortem magnetic resonance imaging was also performed. The phenotypical differences between the cases illustrate a spectrum of cranial vault defects, associated anomalies, and pathogenic mechanisms involved in the etiology of this rare malformation. All 3 cases were male, and the cranial vault defects corresponded to exencephaly with acrania/acalvaria caused by amniotic band syndrome, acalvaria, and acrania presenting in a chorangiopagus parasiticus twin.
The Role of Ethnic Enclosure in Leisure in the Economic Achievement of Korean Immigrants

The objective of this study was to examine whether enclosure in leisure among Korean immigrants acted as a drawback to or a resource in their economic achievement in the United States. The theoretical framework for this study was provided by Wiley's (1967) ethnic mobility trap theory and by Portes' and Bach's (1985) and Wilson's and Portes' (1980) enclave economy hypothesis. In the fall of 2002 and spring of 2003, self-administered, anonymous questionnaires were mailed to 458 first generation Korean immigrants residing in the greater Chicago area. A total of 204 properly completed questionnaires were returned. Leisure enclosure was evaluated on the basis of four questions: language in which immigrants engaged in certain leisure pursuits, presence of non-Korean close friends, frequency of participation in leisure activities with people of non-Korean descent, and frequency of leisure interactions with non-Korean co-workers. Economic achievement was measured using the respondents' annual, personal, gross income. The results of multiple regression analysis provide a confirmation for Wiley's (1967) ethnic mobility trap theory. Korean immigrants' level of leisure interaction with mainstream friends and co-workers and the presence of non-Korean friends are positively associated with their economic achievement.
Urinary tract infections attributed to diverse ExPEC strains in food animals: evidence and data gaps

Between 70 and 95% of urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused by strains of Escherichia coli. These strains, often termed Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), possess specific virulence traits allowing them to colonize more inhospitable environments, such as the urogenital tract. Some ExPEC isolates from humans have similar virulence factor profiles to ExPEC isolates from animals, and because of the potential for these strains to cause UTI in people, these infections have been referred to as foodborne UTI, or FUTI. Finding similarities in ExPEC in animals and humans is not necessarily proof of transmission, particularly a unidirectional pathway from animals to humans; similarities in virulence factor profiles should be expected given the specific bacterial requirements for colonizing physiological compartments with similar characteristics in all animals. Many of the most important strains of human ExPEC globally, such as ST131, are highly virulent and clonal implying routes of transmission other than food. Documenting routes of transmission is particularly difficult due to the wide range of potential ExPEC sources, including the human intestinal tract, and non-human reservoirs such as food animals and retail meat products, sewage and other environmental sources, and companion animals. The significant environmental reservoir of ExPEC, including strains such as ST131, could potentially explain much more completely the global dissemination of virulent ExPEC clones and the rapid dissemination of new strains within the community. Taken in its totality, the link between ExPEC in animals and UTI in humans might exist, but studies conducted to date do not enable an estimation of the relative importance of this route of transmission. To reduce the burden of illness associated with ExPEC, the scientific community needs to push forward with ecologically-based, scientifically-sound study designs that can address the plethora of ways in which E. coli can spread.
A proximity-based dynamic path shortening scheme for ubiquitous ad hoc networks

This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a proximity-based dynamic path shortening scheme, called DPS. In DPS, active route paths adapt dynamically to node mobility based on the "local" link quality estimation at each own node, without exchanging periodic control packets such as Hello packets. Each node monitors its own local link quality only when receiving packets and estimates whether to enter the "proximity "of the neighbor node to shorten active paths in a distributed manner. Simulation results of DPS in several scenarios of various node mobility and traffic flows reveal that adding DPS to DSR and AODV (conventional prominent on-demand ad hoc routing protocols) significantly reduces the end-to-end packet latency up to 50-percent and also the number of routing packets up to 70-percent over DSR, particularly in heavy traffic cases. We also demonstrate the more simulation results obtained by using our two novel mobility models which generate realistic node mobility: random orientation mobility and random escape mobility models. Finally, simple performance experiments using DPS implementation on FreeBSD OS demonstrate that DPS shortens active routes in the order of milliseconds (about 5 ms).
Selection for high and low virulence in the malaria parasite

What stops parasites becoming ever more virulent? Conventional wisdom and most parasite–centred models of the evolution of virulence suppose that risk of host (and, hence, parasite) death imposes selection against more virulent strains. Here we selected for high and low virulence within each of two clones of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi on the basis of between–host differences in a surrogate measure of virulence—loss of live weight post–infection. Despite imposing strong selection for low virulence which mimicked 50–75% host mortality, the low virulence lines increased in virulence as much as the high virulence lines. Thus, artificial selection on between–host differences in virulence was unable to counteract natural selection for increased virulence caused by within–host selection processes. The parasite's asexual replication rate and number of sexual transmission forms also increased in all lines, consistent with evolutionary models explaining high virulence. An upper bound to virulence, though not the asexual replication rate, was apparent, but this bound was not imposed by host mortality. Thus, we found evidence of the factors assumed to drive evolution of increased virulence, but not those thought to counter this selection.
Impact of hospital volume on long-term survival after esophageal cancer surgery.

HYPOTHESIS The improved survival after esophageal cancer surgery in Sweden during recent years may be attributable to the increased centralization of such surgery. DESIGN Population-based study. SETTING All Swedish residents undergoing esophageal cancer surgery from January 1, 1987, through December 31, 2000, were identified from the inpatient and cancer registers and were followed up until October 18, 2004, through nationwide registers. Hospital, tumor, and patient characteristics and preoperative oncological treatment were assessed through the registers and histopathological records. PATIENTS Among 4904 patients with esophageal cancer, 1199 patients (24.4%) who underwent resection constituted the study cohort. Main Outcome Measure Survival rates and hazard ratios (HRs) relative to hospital volume. Low-volume hospitals (LVHs) conducted fewer than 10 esophagectomies annually, while high-volume hospitals (HVHs) conducted 10 or more. Hazard ratios were adjusted for several potential confounders. RESULTS Thirty-day survival was 96% at HVHs and 91% at LVHs (P = .09). Survival rates 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery at HVHs were nonsignificantly higher (58%, 35%, and 27%, respectively) compared with those at LVHs (55%, 30%, and 24%, respectively). The adjusted HR was nonsignificantly 10% decreased at HVHs (HR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.79-1.04). In an analysis restricted to 764 patients (64%) without preoperative oncological treatment (in which the tumor stage was also adjusted for), survival was similar at HVHs and at LVHs (HR, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.18). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed no effect of hospital volume on long-term survival after esophageal cancer surgery. Tumor biology apparently has a greater effect on the chances of long-term survival than hospital volume.
Cultural Differences in the Prevalence of Stereotype Activation and Explanations of Crime: Does Race Color Perception?

Author(s): Briones, Lilia Rebeca | Advisor(s): Murray, Carolyn B | Abstract: Racial prejudice has been linked to influencing perceptions of criminal acts when the criminal is a member of a stigmatized group. The current study addresses reliance on stereotyping and emotional reactions to a crime when the participants are from an ethnically diverse samples (i.e., Latino and Asian Americans) and the crime is stereotypically congruent (i.e., African American assailant) or stereotypically incongruent (i.e., White assailant). Participants were videotaped reacting to a newspaper article about an assault and robbery crime in which the race of the suspect and victim were manipulated. Independent raters coded the reactions in terms of participant's emotional responses and the types of explanations given for the crime. Attributional styles for explaining criminal behavior are compared by suspect race (Black or White), victim ethnicity (Asian or Latino), and participant ethnicity (Asian or Latino). The fundamental assumptions underlining the "intergroup bias" and the "ultimate attribution error" were tested. Overall, the results did not fully support the current theoretical framework in that participants did not show a pronounced preference for in-group victims, or explain the perpetrators behavior using mainly dispositional attributions. Although participants used more situational than dispositional attributions overall to explain the perpetrators behavior, some evidence of activation of stereotypes was found. Qualitative analysis of attributions for criminal behavior differed between the Black suspect and the White suspect conditions. For instance, participants were more likely to attribute the Black perpetrators behavior being "gang-related" or a "rite of passage" but in the White suspect condition a common explanation was "childhood neglect" or "abuse. " There was very little overlap in specific explanations given between conditions, which demonstrates that differential framework is being activated by the race of the suspect and that stereotypes may be influencing explanations. Results merit replication but demonstrate the importance of theory testing in diverse samples. Important ethnic group differences as well as implications, limitations of the current design, such as low variability in several of the judge-rated dependent variables, and future directions are discussed.
The Effects of Fortification of Legumes and Extrusion on the Protein Digestibility of Wheat Based Snack

Cereal food products are an important part of the human diet with wheat being the most commonly consumed cereal in many parts of the world. Extruded snack products are increasing in consumer interest due to their texture and ease of use. However, wheat based foods are rich in starch and are associated with high glycaemic impact products. Although legume materials are generally rich in fibre and protein and may be of high nutritive value, there is a paucity of research regarding their use in extruded snack food products. The aim of this study was to prepare wheat-based extrudates using four different legume flours: lentil, chickpea, green pea, and yellow pea flour. The effects of adding legumes to wheat-based snacks at different levels (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) during extrusion were investigated in terms of protein digestibility. It was observed that fortification of snacks with legumes caused a slight increase in the protein content by 1%–1.5% w/w, and the extrusion technique increased the protein digestibility by 37%–62% w/v. The product developed by extrusion was found to be low in fat and moisture content.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP, SIKAP ILMIAH, DAN KEMAMPUAN BERTANYA SISWA SMA PADA TOPIK KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi bagaimana penguasaan konsep, sikap ilmiah, kemampuan bertanya siswa pada topik keanekaragaman hayati melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan the one group pretest-posttest design yang dilakukan disalah satu kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Serui Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen Papua dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 40 orang siswa. Pada penelitian ini fokus kajiannya kepada peningkatan penguasaan konsep,sikap ilmiah, dan kemampuan bertanya siswa, serta tanggapan guru dan siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan; 1) soal-soal pilihan ganda; 2) lembar observasi 3) angket siswa dan guru 4) format wawancara. Pengolahan data menggunakan uji t one sampel test dan indeks gain serta persentase. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan konsep,sikap ilmiah dan kemampuan bertanya siswa sebelum mengikuti PBM termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan setelah mengikuti Pembelajaran tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Penguasaan konsep siswa mengalami peningkatan berdasarkan indek gain dan uji t one sampel test. Dari angket sikap ilmiah siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada topik keanekaragaman hayati dikategorikan baik, dan tanggapan siswa tehadap pembelajaran sangat positip dengan meggunakan PBM. Sedangkan kemampuan bertanya siswa dalam penelitian mengalami peningkatan dengan memberikan tugas. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PBM pada topik keanekaragaman hayati dapat meningkatkan penguasaan konsep, sikap ilmiah dan kemampuan bertanya siswa.
Illegitimate Tasks as an Impediment to Job Satisfaction and Intrinsic Motivation: Moderated Mediation Effects of Gender and Effort-Reward Imbalance

The current work examines a contemporary workplace stressor that has only recently been introduced into the literature: illegitimate tasks. Illegitimate tasks are work tasks that violate identity role norms about what can reasonably be expected from an employee in a given position. Although illegitimate tasks have been linked to employee well-being in past work, we know little about the potential explanatory mechanisms linking illegitimate tasks to work-relevant negative psychological states. Using a sample of 213 US-based employees of mixed occupations and a cross-sectional design, the present study examines job satisfaction and intrinsic motivation as outcomes of illegitimate tasks. Additionally, we examine perception of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) as a potential mediating mechanism through which illegitimate tasks relate to job satisfaction and intrinsic motivation, highlighting a possible pathway by which these relationships are functioning. Finally, we explore gender as a socially constructed variable that could contribute to variation in responses to illegitimate tasks and moderate the mediated link between illegitimate tasks and outcomes. Results indicated that illegitimate tasks were significantly related to job satisfaction and intrinsic motivation both directly and indirectly through perceptions of ERI in the predicted directions. Moreover, a moderated-mediation effect was found such that male workers reacted more than female workers to illegitimate tasks through the mechanism of perceived ERI.
The impact of celebrity endorsements on the buying behavior of Rowan University students age 18-24

iv Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Statement of the Problem 3 Situational Analysis 3 Procedure 4 Purpose of the Study 4 Hypothesis 4 Assumption 5 Significance of the Study 5 Definitions 5 Chapter 2: Literature Review 6 The Meaning Transfer Model 7 The Match-Up Hypothesis 7 Associative Learning Theory 8 Co-Activation Theory of Dominant Support 8 Balance Theory 10 Celebrity Influence 11 Believability of Celebrity Endorsements 12 The Oprah Winfrey Endorsement 12 Impact Beyond Sales 14 The Celebrity Scandal 14 Single vs. Multiple Celebrity Endorsers 16