Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tidal deformability of neutron stars with realistic equations of state

The early part of the gravitational wave signal of binary neutron-star inspirals can potentially yield robust information on the nuclear equation of state. The influence of a star's internal structure on the waveform is characterized by a single parameter: the tidal deformability $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, which measures the star's quadrupole deformation in response to the companion's perturbing tidal field. We calculate $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ for a wide range of equations of state and find that the value of $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ spans an order of magnitude for the range of equation of state models considered. An analysis of the feasibility of discriminating between neutron-star equations of state with gravitational wave observations of the early part of the inspiral reveals that the measurement error in $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ increases steeply with the total mass of the binary. Comparing the errors with the expected range of $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, we find that Advanced LIGO observations of binaries at a distance of 100 Mpc will probe only unusually stiff equations of state, while the proposed Einstein Telescope is likely to see a clean tidal signature.
Robust real-time face detection based on cost-sensitive AdaBoost method

This paper presents a method of detecting faces based on cost-sensitive AdaBoost (CS-AdaBoost) algorithm. The two main differences between CS-AdaBoost algorithm and the naive AdaBoost are that (1) unequal initial weights are given to each training sample according to its misclassification cost, and (2) the weights are updated separately for positives and negatives at each boosting step. Due to these two variations, every stage of the face detector trained by CS-AdaBoost algorithm can more effectively focus on face samples than by the naive AdaBoost to achieve robust and high detection rate with modest false alarm rate, so that the final face detector can yield high detection rates, very low false positive rates, and robust performance. Experiments also demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Is there an optimal number of alternatives for Likert-scale items? Effects of testing time and scale properties.

Three criteria one might use to determine the number of Likert scale rating steps to employ are proportion of scale used, testing time, and usage of an "uncertain" category. A modified version of the Florida Scale of Civic Beliefs (Shaw & Wright, 1967, pp. 307-311), in which the number of alternatives for each item ranged from 2 to 19, was administered to 360 Ss. Results of these manipulations indicated that for cumulative scores from Likert-type items, proportion of scale used was independent of the number of scale points, while mean testing time increased and usage of the "uncertain" category decreased as the number of rating steps increased. These results are integrated with earlier findings, and implications for Likert-scale construction are described.
Comparing Younger and Older Adult Eyewitnesses: Examining the Simultaneous, Elimination, and Wildcard Lineup Procedures

Older adults (60- to 99-year-olds) and younger adults (18- to 49-year-olds) viewed a videotaped theft and were then asked to provide a description of the perpetrator. Following a brief delay, participants were presented with a simultaneous, elimination, or wildcard lineup procedure that was either target-present or target-absent. Overall, younger adult eyewitnesses were more likely to be correct in their identification decisions, reported more perpetrator descriptors, and had a higher proportion of accurate descriptors compared to older adults. Moreover, the simultaneous and elimination procedures were superior to the wildcard procedure in target-absent lineups. When presented with a target-present lineup, participants were more likely to be correct when presented with the simultaneous procedure compared to the elimination procedure. Neither of the identification procedures that have been shown to be beneficial with child eyewitnesses appear to have influenced the rate of correct identification or correct rejection for older adults as a separate age group.
Two objective optimal multivariable ripple-free deadbeat control

This paper presents novel results on optimal multivariable deadbeat control. Given a discrete-time, stable, linear and time invariant plant model, we give a simple parameterisation of all stabilising ripple-free deadbeat controllers of a given order. The free parameter is then optimised in the sense that a quadratic index is kept minimal. The optimality criterion has the advantage of accounting for both tracking performance and magnitude of the control effort. The proposed design procedure is simple to use and allows the tuning of the controller with a scalar weighting factor. Simulation results are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design algorithm.
Heterosis for Grain Yield Components in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)

An experiment comprised of five male sterile lines and 30 inbred testers of pearl millet and their 150 hybrids was conducted at millet breeding station, Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2005-2007 for studying the extent of hybrid vigour in F1 for grain yield and its components. Highest and significant negative relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis was observed in the cross ICMA 94111A x PT 5259 and the same combination showed negative relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for the trait plant height. The cross combination ICMA 94111A x PT 5423 showed higher magnitude of positive relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the trait total number of tillers. Highest and significant positive standard heterosis was recorded in ICMA 88004A x PT 5164 for total number of tillers. The hybrid cross combination ICMA 94111A x PT 5423 showed highest and significant relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for total productive tillers. The hybrid ICMA 88004A x PT 5181 recorded highest and significant positive standard heterosis for ear head length and 100 grain weight, ICMA 88004A x PT 5200 for ear head girth. 13 hybrids recorded highly significant standard heterosis for grain yield per plant. among 150 hybrids studied, seven hybrids namely ICMA 88004 A x PT 5164, ICMA 88004 A x PT 5200, ICMA 88004 A x PT 5232, ICMA 88004 A x PT 5130, ICMA 88004 A x PT 5173, 732 A x PT 5172 and ICMA 88004 A x PT 5809 were selected as best crosses since they expressed high standard heterosis over standard hybrid (MBH163) for many of the traits studied for high grain yield.
Political Marketing: Role Of Socialization Process In The Evelopment Of Voting Intentions

In political realm, the political-specific brand equity is gaining growing attention. This effort is to develop a political-specific measurement model to get insight regarding the voter? s behavior, voter choices, voting intentions and to generate more valid and reliable results. The literature from the relevant domains including Marketing, Politics, and Behavioral sciences has been reviewed to develop a good understanding and insight into relevant published material and the trends that have emerged there from to review the types of measures. Based on the reviewed measures and their literally proven chronological cause-effect relationships, a conceptual model of voter based brand equity has been proposed. Following questions are hypothesized: (1) what is the contribution of political socialization process in the development of social identity and emotional response? (2) Do the social identity and emotional response positively influence the party trust and party commitment? (3) Do the party trust and party commitment positively influence the voting intentions of the voters? (4) Does the party loyalty have moderating role among the structural relationships of the model constructs? The results indicate that to improve the voting intentions political parties have to engage themselves in the political socialization process.
Positional tackle and collision rates in Super Rugby

The aim of this study was to evaluate differences between playing positions regarding tackle and collision rates in a rugby game, and to determine the collision rates of individual playing positions in professional rugby union. Data from 30 matches (both teams involved) during the 2013 Super Rugby Season were captured and supplied by the Cheetahs Super Rugby Franchise, using the Verusco TryMaker Pro. Significant differences were found between positional groups regarding tackle rates. However, the front row players and second row players did not differ significantly (positions 1, 2, or 3 vs positions 4, or 5; p=0.0715 to p=0.6324). Within a positional group, only the difference between the inside centre and the other inside backs was significant (9 vs 12, p=0.0029; 10 vs 12, p=0.0045; 12 vs 13, p=0.0100). No significant differences were observed between second row players and the eighthman (4 vs 8, p=0.4183 and 5 vs 8, p=0.6863), although significant differences were found between second row players and the rest of the loose forwards (6 and 7). A significant difference (p≤0.05) occurred between all forwards and backs when collision rates were compared. The findings revealed significant inter-positional differences in tackling and collision rates within the same positional group.
Molecular Characterization of the Hemin Uptake Locus (hmu) from Yersinia pestis and Analysis ofhmu Mutants for Hemin and Hemoprotein Utilization

ABSTRACT Sequence analysis of the hemin uptake locus (hmu) ofYersinia pestis revealed five genes, hmuRSTUV, required for use of hemin and hemoproteins as iron sources. The translated gene products have homologies with proteins of the hemin transport genes of several gram-negative bacteria. Promoters were identified upstream of hmuP′R (p1) and upstream ofhmuS (p2); p1, which contains a Fur box, is regulated by iron and Fur, while p2 exhibits weak, but constitutive, activity. HmuR, which has homology with TonB-dependent outer membrane (OM) receptors, is localized to the OM of Y. pestis and is required for utilizing hemin and all hemoproteins under iron-depleted conditions. The proposed ABC transporter, HmuTUV, is necessary for use of hemin, hemin-albumin, and myoglobin, but not hemoglobin, hemoglobin-haptoglobin, or heme-hemopexin, as iron sources. In the absence of HmuTUV, HmuS, a cytoplasmic protein, is involved in use of hemoglobin and heme-hemopexin. In mice, the 50% lethal doses ofY. pestis ΔhmuP′RSTUV mutants injected subcutaneously or retro-orbitally did not differ from that of the Hmu+ parent strain. Thus, the hmu system is not essential for infection in mice via these routes. Growth studies showed that a ΔhmuP′RSTUV mutant could grow in iron-depleted medium containing high concentrations of hemoglobin, suggesting that an Hmu-independent, lower-affinity hemoglobin uptake system may exist.
Comparative Effectiveness of Acellular Versus Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccines in Teenagers

BACKGROUND: During the 1990s, the United States switched from combined diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccines to combined acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines because of safety concerns. After a 2010–2011 pertussis outbreak, we sought to evaluate whether disease risk in 10 to 17 year olds differed between those who previously received DTwP from those who received DTaP. METHODS: A case-control study among individuals born from 1994 to 1999 who received 4 pertussis-containing vaccines during the first 2 years of life at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC). We separately compared pertussis polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases with PCR-negative and KPNC-matched controls. We assessed risk of pertussis relative to vaccine type in early childhood (4 DTwPs, mixed DTwP/DTaP, or 4 DTaPs) by using conditional logistic regression stratified for calendar time and adjusted for gender, race, medical clinic, and receipt of reduced antigen content acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine. RESULTS: We compared 138 PCR-positive cases with 899 PCR-negative and 54 339 KPNC-matched controls. Teenagers who had received 4 DTwPs were much less likely to be pertussis PCR-positive than those who had received 4 DTaPs (odds ratio 5.63, 95% confidence interval 2.55–12.46) or mixed DTwP/DTaP vaccines (odds ratio 3.77, 95% confidence interval 1.57–9.07). Decreasing number of DTwP doses was significantly associated with increased pertussis risk (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Teenagers who received DTwP vaccines in childhood were more protected during a pertussis outbreak than were those who received DTaP vaccines.
Fluorescent Nanocomposite of Embedded Ceria Nanoparticles in Crosslinked PVA Electrospun Nanofibers

This paper introduces a new fluorescent nanocomposite of electrospun biodegradable nanofibers embedded with optical nanoparticles. In detail, this work introduces the fluorescence properties of PVA nanofibers generated by the electrospinning technique with embedded cerium oxide (ceria) nanoparticles. Under near-ultra violet excitation, the synthesized nanocomposite generates a visible fluorescent emission at 520 nm, varying its intensity peak according to the concentration of in situ embedded ceria nanoparticles. This is due to the fact that the embedded ceria nanoparticles have optical tri-valiant cerium ions, associated with formed oxygen vacancies, with a direct allowed bandgap around 3.5 eV. In addition, the impact of chemical crosslinking of the PVA on the fluorescence emission is studied in both cases of adding ceria nanoparticles in situ or of a post-synthesis addition via a spin-coating mechanism. Other optical and structural characteristics such as absorbance dispersion, direct bandgap, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM analysis are presented. The synthesized optical nanocomposite could be helpful in different applications such as environmental monitoring and bioimaging.
Decreasing sedentary behaviours in pre-adolescents using casual exergames at school

There are risks to too much sedentary behaviour, regardless of a person's level of physical activity, particularly for children. As exercise habits instilled during childhood are strong predictors of healthy lifestyles later in life, it is important that schools break up long sedentary periods with short periods of physical activity. Casual exergames are an appealing option for schools who wish to engage adolescents, and have been shown to provide exertion levels at recommended values, even when played for only 10 minutes. In this paper we describe a preliminary survey with teachers of a local school that informed the deployment of a casual exergame with a group of pre-adolescent students from the same school. We show that students preferred the game to traditional exercise, that the game was able to generate appropriate levels of exertion in pre-adolescents, and that students have a sophisticated understanding of the role of exercise in their lives. Overall, we establish the feasibility of casual exergames for combating sedentary behavior in preteen classrooms.
Entheses: tendon and ligament attachment sites

The current brief review focuses on certain issues relating to form–function relationships that are evident at tendon or ligament attachment sites (entheses). It evaluates the development of entheses (both fibrocartilaginous and fibrous) and highlights again an issue largely ignored for decades – i.e. how entheses attached to the metaphyses of long bones manage to keep the same relative position as the bones grow in length. Attention is drawn to the manner in which enthesis fibrocartilage prevents direct cell–cell communication between osteocytes and tendon/ligament cells and how (in a healthy enthesis) it presents a physical barrier separating the blood supply of bone from that of tendon/ligament. The possibility that the thoracolumbar fascia, with its multitude of muscular associations and numerous sites of ligamentous attachment could increase stress concentration at entheses is raised, the structure and development of enthesophytes (bony spurs) is reviewed as is the concept of a synovio‐entheseal complex (SEC). How these functional anatomical units (SECs) could trigger pain and inflammation in athletes is briefly discussed.
Effects of Elevated Tropospheric Ozone Concentration on the Bacterial Community in the Phyllosphere and Rhizoplane of Rice

Microbes constitute a vital part of the plant holobiont. They establish plant-microbe or microbe-microbe associations, forming a unique microbiota with each plant species and under different environmental conditions. These microbial communities have to adapt to diverse environmental conditions, such as geographical location, climate conditions and soil types, and are subjected to changes in their surrounding environment. Elevated ozone concentration is one of the most important aspects of global change, but its effect on microbial communities living on plant surfaces has barely been investigated. In the current study, we aimed at elucidating the potential effect of elevated ozone concentrations on the phyllosphere (aerial part of the plant) and rhizoplane (surface of the root) microbiota by adopting next-generation 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. A standard japonica rice cultivar Nipponbare and an ozone-tolerant breeding line L81 (Nipponbare background) were pre-grown in a greenhouse for 10 weeks and then exposed to ozone at 85 ppb for 7 h daily for 30 days in open top chambers. Microbial cells were collected from the phyllosphere and rhizoplane separately. The treatment or different genotypes did not affect various diversity indices. On the other hand, the relative abundance of some bacterial taxa were significantly affected in the rhizoplane community of ozone-treated plants. A significant effect of ozone was detected by homogeneity of molecular variance analysis in the phyllosphere, meaning that the community from ozone-treated phyllosphere samples was more variable than those from control plants. In addition, a weak treatment effect was observed by clustering samples based on the Yue and Clayton and weighted UniFrac distance matrices among samples. We therefore conclude that the elevated ozone concentrations affected the bacterial community structure of the phyllosphere and the rhizosplane as a whole, even though this effect was rather weak and did not lead to changes of the function of the communities.
Influence of recruitment and participation bias in neuropsychological research among MS patients

The potential influence of recruitment context in neuropsychological (NP) research is seldom addressed in the literature. Our experience with a previous large-scale study of MS cognitive impairment led us to speculate that referral questions and motivation bias significantly impact conclusions drawn from NP testing. We re-analyzed data from Benedict et al. (2006) and compared the results obtained across three groups of patients: paid research volunteers, clinical patients undergoing evaluation for routine monitoring of cognitive status, and clinical patients referred for diagnostic clarification, determination of disability benefits, and other more complex issues. Research volunteers were significantly younger and less frequently cognitively impaired compared to the clinical groups, greatly affecting prevalence estimates (45.6 to 65.6%). Significant correlations between depression and cognitive impairment were present only among the research volunteers. NP testing significantly predicted vocational outcomes in all groups. These results suggest that greater attention should be paid to the reasons patients agree to participate in NP testing. (JINS, 2008, 14, 494–498.)
Mitosis detection using convolutional neural network based features

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women according to World Health Organization (WHO). Development of computer aided diagnostic (CAD) systems has great importance as a secondary reader systems for a correct diagnosis and treatment process. In this paper, a deep learning based feature extraction method by convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for automated mitosis detection for cancer diagnosis and grading by histopathological images. The proposed framework is tested on the MITOS data set provided for a contest on mitosis detection in breast cancer histological images released for research purposes in International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'2014). By using provided histopathological images, cellular structures are initially found by combined clustering based segmentation and blob analysis after preprocessing step. Then, obtained cellular image patches are cropped automatically from the histopathological images for feature extraction stage. CNN, which is a prominent deep learning method on image processing tasks, is utilized for extracting discriminative features. Due to the high dimensional output of the CNN, combination of PCA and LDA dimension reduction methods are performed respectively for regularization and dimension reduction process. Afterwards, a robust kernel based classifier, support vector machine (SVM), is used for final classification of mitotic and non-mitotic cells. The test results on MITOS data set prove that the proposed framework achieved promising results for mitosis detection on histopathological images.
Motion Planning for the On-orbit Grasping of a Non-cooperative Target Satellite with Collision Avoidance

A method for grasping a tumbling noncooperative target is presented, which is based on nonlinear optimization and collision avoidance. Motion constraints on the robot joints as well as on the end-effector forces are considered. Cost functions of interest address the robustness of the planned solutions during the tracking phase as well as actuation energy. The method is applied in simulation to different operational scenarios.
Rhinologic computed tomographic evaluation in patients with cleft lip and palate.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anatomical characteristics of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in relation to the presence of sinusitis in patients with cleft lip and palate. DESIGN Retrospective survey. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS Forty-seven consecutive patients with cleft lip and alveolus with or without cleft palate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The patients underwent computed tomographic scans of the maxilla, and the following parameters were evaluated: nasal septal shift from the midline, soft tissue density shadow of the maxillary sinus, cross-sectional area of the maxillary sinus, and height of the floor of the maxillary sinus. RESULTS The nasal septum was convex to the cleft side in most of the patients with unilateral clefts, and there was a significant correlation between the cleft side and the direction of nasal septal deviation (P<.001). Sinusitis was more severe in the noncleft side than in the cleft side (P =.04), and in the concave side than in the convex side (P= .02). The cross-sectional area of the maxillary sinus was not statistically different between the cleft side and noncleft side, nor between the septal concave side and convex side. The floor of the maxillary sinus was situated higher in the cleft side than in the noncleft side (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of maxillary sinusitis associated with cleft lip and palate is dependent on both the cleft side and the deviated nasal septum, but not on the size of the sinus. The cleft side is responsible for the direction of the septal deviation and the height of the floor of the maxillary sinus. A low-situated sinus floor may be in contact with the root of the teeth, and thus may be one of the etiologic factors of sinusitis in patients with clefts.