Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of Factors that Affect Shrinkage of Molded Part in Injection Molding

Purpose: This paper reviews the factors affecting shrinkage of molded parts in injection molding. Methods: A selective screening of the papers published in the last 10 years was adopted. The review was organized according to molding scale (macro or micro) and by considering four branches of influence: material behaviors, processing parameters, mold, and specimen design. Results: Within the interval of confidence, at the macroscale, critical processing parameters were the temperatures, the packing parameters, cooling time, and injection speed; temperatures and packing parameters resulted critical factors at the microscale as well. Concerning the design aspects, the runner size and the ribs affect shrinkage at the macro and microscale, respectively. The analysis of the literature review has shown an absence of statistical approach for determining the material influences, a lack of information on shrinkage occur in powder-molded parts and the absence of data in specimen with dimensions below 10 µ. Conclusions: The review collected the factors that affect shrinkage in injection molding, and identified three possible areas for further works.
Isolation and molecular characterization of Salmonella spp. from chevon and chicken meat collected from different districts of Chhattisgarh, India

Aim: The aim was to assess the prevalence of Salmonella in raw chevon and chicken meat sold in the retail meat shops situated in and around Durg, Rajnandgaon, Dhamtari, Raipur, and Bilaspur districts of Chhattisgarh. Studies were also conducted to find out the antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 samples comprising of 200 chevon meat and 200 chicken meat samples were processed for isolation of Salmonella and all isolates were further confirmed on the basis of cultural and biochemical characters and by targeting invA gene of Salmonella. All Salmonella isolates were also examined for their antimicrobial drug susceptibility/resistance pattern against commonly used antibiotics. Results: Out of 400 samples, the prevalence of Salmonella in chevon and chicken meat was found 9% and 7% respectively, with an overall prevalence of 8%. Polymerase chain reaction targeting invA gene of Salmonella showed positive result with 31 isolates. All 32 Salmonella isolates were found to be highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin while 96.87%, 96.87% and 93.75% were sensitive to gentamicin, imipenem, and ceftazidime, respectively. 93.75% and 59.37% isolates were resistant to erythromycin and oxytetracycline, respectively. Out of 32, 14 isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance index equal to or more than 0.2. Conclusion: Salmonella in chevon and chicken meat samples is prevailing in the areas of sampling due to poor hygienic conditions and also demonstrated the varied spectrum of antimicrobial resistance, including several multiple drug resistance phenotypes. Therefore, the present study emphasizes the need for continued surveillance of zoonotic foodborne pathogens including antimicrobial-resistant variants throughout the food production chain.
ORS1, an H2O2-Responsive NAC Transcription Factor, Controls Senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana

We report here that ORS1, a previously uncharacterized member of the NAC transcription factor family, controls leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of ORS1 accelerates senescence in transgenic plants, whereas its inhibition delays it. Genes acting downstream of ORS1 were identified by global expression analysis using transgenic plants producing dexamethasone-inducible ORS1–GR fusion protein. Of the 42 up-regulated genes, 30 (∼70%) were previously shown to be up-regulated during age-dependent senescence. We also observed that 32 (∼76%) of the ORS1-dependent genes were induced by long-term (4 d), but not short-term (6 h) salinity stress (150 mM NaCl). Furthermore, expression of 16 and 24 genes, respectively, was induced after 1 and 5 h of treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen species known to accumulate during salinity stress. ORS1 itself was found to be rapidly and strongly induced by H2O2 treatment in both leaves and roots. Using in vitro binding site selection, we determined the preferred binding motif of ORS1 and found it to be present in half of the ORS1-dependent genes. ORS1 is a paralog of ORE1/ANAC092/AtNAC2, a previously reported regulator of leaf senescence. Phylogenetic footprinting revealed evolutionary conservation of the ORS1 and ORE1 promoter sequences in different Brassicaceae species, indicating strong positive selection acting on both genes. We conclude that ORS1, similarly to ORE1, triggers expression of senescence-associated genes through a regulatory network that may involve cross-talk with salt- and H2O2-dependent signaling pathways.
Regulation of histone mRNA production and stability in serum-stimulated mouse 3T6 fibroblasts

We measured the content and metabolism of histone mRNA in mouse 3T6 fibroblasts during a serum-induced transition from the resting to growing state. The content of several histone H3 and H2b mRNAs was measured by an S1 nuclease procedure. All of these increase in parallel by a factor of about 50 during S phase. However, the rate of H3 gene transcription increased only fivefold during this period, as determined in an in vitro transcription assay. This suggests that histone mRNA content is also controlled at the posttranscriptional level. When resting cells were serum stimulated in the presence of cytosine arabinoside, the rate of H3 gene transcription increased to about the same extent as that in control-stimulated cells. However, cytoplasmic H3 mRNA content increased only five to seven-fold. The half-life of H3 mRNA during S phase was about 4 to 5 h. When cytosine arabinoside was added to cells in the S phase, the half-life of the message decreased to about 15 min. The rapid turnover of H3 mRNA was prevented when the drug was added in the presence of cycloheximide or puromycin. The rate of H3 gene transcription decreased by only 35% after treatment with cytosine arabinoside. These results suggest that H3 gene transcription is not tightly coupled to DNA replication but is controlled temporally during the resting to growing transition. However, there is a correlation between the rate of DNA synthesis and the stability of histone H3 mRNA.
Flexible Failure Detection with к-FD

Many people rightly consider that failure detection should be provided as a generic distributed system service to be used to support fault-tolerance within many applications, in spite of possibly very diverse requirements. Reality is however different, as classical techniques are normally unable to cope with many distributed applications running simultaneously. To overcome this problem, we advocate a different approach to failure detection, whereby the failure detection service associates a real number to each process being monitored, representing the level of confidence that this process has crashed. In this paper, we present an adaptive failure detection algorithm based on the above principle. When compared experimentally with other recent failure detector implementations, we find that our algorithm performs significantly better with conservative failure detection (high accuracy, slow detection), and equally well with aggressive failure detection (quick detection, low accuracy). This comes in addition to a greater potential for flexibility offered by the model.
[Geographic distribution of phlebotomine sandflies of the Lutzomyia intermedia (Lutz & Leiva, 1912) complex (Diptera, Psychodidae)].

The geographical distribution of Phlebotomine sandflies of the Lutzomyia intermedia complex is presented, based in collections for this study and in personal informations from other workers and bibliography. The subject is discussed, in relation to climate and to altitude and latitude. Lutzomyia intermedia s.s. was found in smaller altitudes and latitudes than Lutzomyia neivai; the last species seems to be better adapted to colder and drier climates than the first.
Experiencing recovery: findings from a qualitative study into mental illness, self and place

Abstract Background: Community-managed mental health organisations are important vehicles for “place-based” recovery-oriented services in regional areas. However, the community-based sector is not well described in data collections and more research is needed to identify the specific contributions that such services can make to recovery. This situation has become more acute in Australia with the restructure of mental health services under the new National Disabilities Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Aims: The project aimed to understand more about what is effective in the service system; what impacts living in a regional location might have on a person’s lived and service system experience and what people find helpful and supportive in their recovery journeys. Method: A one-year qualitative study utilising photovoice and written narrative with group workshops, individual interviews and a capstone exhibition experience. Results: Research findings were consistent with recovery principles but also revealed elements not commonly emphasised in the recovery literature. Four main themes were distilled: belonging and being connected; survival, resilience and hope; living a contributing life and compassionate service provision. Conclusion: The effectiveness of recovery-oriented service delivery needs to be secured under the individualised funding structure of the new NDIS and expanded for the specific needs of people living in regional communities.
Predictors of Sickness Absence and Presenteeism: Does the Pattern Differ by a Respondent's Health?

Objective: To examine the predictors of sickness presenteeism in comparison with sickness absenteeism. The article focuses on the effects of working time match and efficiency demands and differentiates the estimates by a respondent's self-assessed health. Methods: We use survey data covering 884 Finnish trade union members in 2009. We estimate logistic regression models. All models include control variables such as the sector of the economy and the type of contract. Results: Working time match between desired and actual weekly working hours reduces both sickness absence and presenteeism for those workers who have poor health. We also find that efficiency demands increase presenteeism for those workers who have good health. Conclusions: The effects of working time match and efficiency demands on the prevalence of sickness absence and presenteeism are strongly conditional on a worker's self-assessed health level.
patients' Self‐report of Diseases in the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey Based on Comparisons With Linked Survey and Medical Data From the Veterans Health Administration

We evaluated the patient self-report questions about disease from the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (HOS), using linked Veterans Health Administration (VA) data for patients who are eligible for both Medicare and Veterans Affairs (VA) care to estimate their utility as measures of illness burden. Patients were classified for 12 diseases on the basis of HOS question responses and these were compared with classifications based on similar questions from a VA survey or diagnostic codes from VA medical records. Agreement between classifications based on the 2 surveys was good with over 75% of patients affirming the disease in the HOS also affirming it in the VA survey for most diseases. HOS disease status also agreed well with VA-based disease status using diagnostic codes for most diseases, with reasonably good specificity (70%–94%) and sensitivity (65%–85%). The relatively poor measures of agreement for some of the conditions could be related to differences in question wording and other factors. These findings varied only slightly by education, age, and race. Furthermore, independent decrements in health status, derived from the SF-36 associated with each disease based on the survey questions, were similar in the 2 surveys. These results suggest that patients can provide reasonably good reports of their morbidity in survey questions and that patient self-report questions about disease can be used reliably in case-mix adjustments and in stratifications of patients by diseases.
Self-selection of feeds and water by unbred gilts.

The pattern of voluntary feed and water intakes by nine unbred Yorkshire gilts, selected at about 125 kg body weight, was recorded for an experimental period of 22 weeks. The gilts increased body weight and showed some sustained change in dry matter (P < .05) and water intakes. Periodic depressions in these intakes were found to be coincident 0 a < . 01) with estrus. Increases in depth of back-fat were not unlike those expected to occur in pregnant gilts treated similarly. The average intake of crude protein was 445 g daily. Dry matter from the protein feed source, as a proportion of total DM intake, appeared to increase steadily (P < .01) throughout the experiment.
Decision making in de novo Parkinson's disease

The aim is to study decision making in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies reported that medicated patients with PD have poor performances compared with age‐matched healthy controls in decision making tasks, specially in the Iowa Gambling Task. Two principal causal hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon: the overdosing effects of dopaminergic therapy on the orbital frontostriatal circuit that is involved in reward processing, or an amygdala dysfunction, as suggested by similar Skin Conductance Responses of patients with PD and amygdala‐damaged patients while performing this task. The assessment of decision making with the Iowa Gambling Task was conducted in 30 nondemented and nondepressed patients with de novo PD and in 25 age‐matched healthy controls. No statistically significant difference emerged between performances of de novo PD patients and performances of healthy controls. De novo PD patients have performances in the Iowa Gambling Task similar to those of age‐matched healthy controls, suggesting that difficulties in decision making emerge, at least in de novo PD patients, by dopaminergic overstimulation of the orbital frontostriatal circuits. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
VDR, RANKL and OPG polymorphisms as possible predisposing cofactors of postmenopausal osteoporosis: explorative study in Italian population

Abstract Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO) has a strong genetic component. Presently, the published evidence on the association between the main single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kb ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) and bone mass density (BMD) are scarce, mostly considering Italian population. This study sought to determine whether OPG (rs2073618), RANKL (rs9525641) and the VDR (rs2228570) SNPs were associated with BMD in a sample of 139 North-Italian postmenopausal women. The allelic distribution of rs9525641 in women with PO or osteopenia (OP + OPE group) differed from controls (p < 0.05), suggesting that this allele might confer a greater susceptibility to bone resorption. Concerning rs2228570, CC genotype was associated with OP + OPE women, with a worst total hip BMD. Notably, the combined genotype RANK (CT)–VDR (TT) was significantly associated to spine BMD (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this pilot study showed that rs9525641 and rs2228570 polymorphisms might contribute, separately or in combination, in determining BMD phenotype in selected postmenopausal populations.
C-arm cone-beam CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy of small (≤ 20 mm) lung nodules: diagnostic accuracy and complications in 161 patients.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and complications of C-arm cone-beam CT (CBCT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) for small (≤ 20 mm) lung nodules and their possible influencing factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS From March 2009 to July 2010, 161 consecutive patients (77 men and 84 women; mean [± SD] age, 61 ± 11.8 years; range, 29-85 years) with 173 small (≤ 20 mm) lung nodules underwent CBCT-guided PTNB performed by an experienced chest radiologist in a tertiary referral hospital. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and complication rates were statistically evaluated, and influencing factors were assessed using univariate and subsequent multivariate analysis. RESULTS Of 173 nodules (mean size, 15 ± 3.7 mm), 94 (54.3%) were diagnosed as malignant, 69 (39.9%) as benign, and 10 (5.8%) as indeterminate. On PTNB, 160 nodules were correctly diagnosed and three were false-negatives. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 98.2%, 96.8%, and 100%, respectively. No factors significantly decreased diagnostic accuracy. As for complications, pneumothorax, hemoptysis, and chest pain occurred in 55 (31.8%), 25 (14.5%), and two (1.2%) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of emphysema along the needle pathway was a significant risk factor (odds ratio [OR], 10.11), and the occurrence of hemoptysis was a significant protective factor (OR, 0.28) against pneumothorax. Ground-glass nodules were found to be a significant independent risk factor for hemoptysis (OR, 5.10). CONCLUSION C-arm CBCT-guided PTNB is highly accurate for small lung nodules, and the diagnostic accuracy does not significantly decrease even in technically challenging conditions.
Relative channel reciprocity calibration in MIMO/TDD systems

Channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) can greatly improve the capacity of a wireless MIMO communication system. In a time division duplex (TDD) system CSIT can be obtained by exploiting the reciprocity of the wireless channel. This however requires calibration of the radio frequency (RF) chains of the receiver and the transmitter, which are in general not reciprocal. In this paper we investigate different methods for relative calibration in the presence of frequency offsets between transmitter and receiver. We show results of theses calibration methods with real two-directional channel measurements, which were performed using the Eure-com MIMO Openair Sounder (EMOS). We demonstrate that in a single-user MIMO channel and for low signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios, the relative calibration method can increase the capacity close to the theoretical limit.
Regression Model for Resilient Modulus of Subgrade Soils in Shanghai

Subgrade resilient modulus (MR) is very important for effective design of pavements. Several methods to estimate the resilient modulus were suggested in the past years. The main objective of this paper was to validate the correlation of MR with other physical properties of the subgrade soils. Cohesive soils representing major soil types in Shanghai were selected. The resilient modulus tests were conducted with UTM. Additional analysis was then performed to develop correlations between the model parameters and other soil properties. To verify the prediction models independently, laboratory MR tests were conducted on new subgrade soils. It was observed that the predicted MR values compared well with the laboratory measured values for the soil samples.
Multiscale modelling of tumour growth and therapy: the influence of vessel normalisation on chemotherapy

Following the poor clinical results of antiangiogenic drugs, particularly when applied in isolation, tumour biologists and clinicians are now turning to combinations of therapies in order to obtain better results. One of these involves vessel normalisation strategies. In this paper, we investigate the effects on tumour growth of combinations of antiangiogenic and standard cytotoxic drugs, taking into account vessel normalisation. An existing multiscale framework is extended to include new elements such as tumour-induced vessel dematuration. Detailed simulations of our multiscale framework allow us to suggest one possible mechanism for the observed vessel normalisation-induced improvement in the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs: vessel dematuration produces extensive regions occupied by quiescent (oxygen-starved) cells which the cytotoxic drug fails to kill. Vessel normalisation reduces the size of these regions, thereby allowing the chemotherapeutic agent to act on a greater number of cells.
In vitro fatigue behavior of the equine third metacarpus: Remodeling and microcrack damage analysis

We studied remodeling and microcrack damage in specimens of Thoroughbred racehorse third metacarpal bone that had been subjected to monotonic or fatigue failure. We asked three questions. What effects does mechanical loading have on histologically observable microcrack damage? Are there regional variations in remodeling of the equine cannon bone, and do these variations correlate with mechanical properties? To what extent are remodeling and microcrack damage age‐dependent? Machined beams from the medial, lateral, and dorsal cortices were loaded to fracture in four‐point bending monotonically, or cyclically at a load initially producing 10,000 microstrain. Specimens were then bulk‐stained in basic fuchsin, and cross sections were prepared from loaded and load‐free regions of each beam. Current and past remodeling, porosity, and microcrack density and length were determined histomorphometrically. Stained and unstained microcracks were observed. Unstained cracks were associated with regions of woven bone and appeared to be damaged Sharpey's fibers. Their density (approximately 30/mm2) did not increase after failure, but their length (approximately 25 μm) did, especially near the surfaces of the beam. Stained cracks were wider and longer than unstained cracks and were located primarily near the fracture surface and on the compressed side of the beam. Stained cracks after failure were more numerous in those beams having a higher elastic modulus, a shorter fatigue life, or greater deformation at failure. The extent of past remodeling increased with age, especially in the medial region; the rate of current remodeling generally declined with age, but not in the dorsal region, which has the best fatigue resistance. In summary, while remodeling varied with age and region, its effects on bone structure did not appear to influence microdamage. Basic fuchsin staining of damage in fractured equine bone was independent of age and region and confined to near the fracture surfaces. Distributed microdamage consisted only of what appeared to be subtle disruptions of Sharpey's fibers.
Equivalence of source-receiver migration and shot-prole migration

At first glance, shot-profile migration (Jacobs, 1982) and source-receiver (survey-sinking) migration (Claerbout, 1985) seem to be substantially different algorithms. The basic principles used by the two schemes are different. Shot-profile migration is performed by independently propagating the source wavefield and the receiver wavefield. The image is obtained by crosscorrelating the two wavefields (possibly normalized by the amplitude of the source wavefield). Source-receiver migration is based on the concept of survey sinking, by which we recursively synthesize equivalent data sets at increasing depth. At each depth step, imaging is performed by extracting the wavefield at zero time. Recently, the issue of the relation between shot-profile migration and source-receiver migration has become more relevant because of two important developments: (1) the increase in the practical applications of 3D prestack migration by wavefield continuation for imaging complex structures, and (2) the introduction of methods for computing angle-domain common-image gathers (ADCIG), both for velocity estimation (Biondi and Sava, 1999; Prucha et al., 1999; Clapp and Biondi, 2000) and for amplitude variation with angle (AVA) analysis (de Bruin et al., 1990; Wapenaar et al., 1999; Sava et al., 2001).