Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors that Affect Student Motivation in a Dairy Products Elective Course.

: Student motivation is influenced by instructional approach. Motivation is a function of initiating and sustaining goal-directed behavior. The objective of this study was to identify factors (positive and negative) that affect motivation in a junior-level dairy products elective course. Student attitudes were surveyed each year half-way through the semester over the past 4 y using an open-ended instrument. Data obtained showed that environmental factors such as instructor enthusiasm, use of humor, and positive attitude all significantly (P= 0.068) and positively influenced goal-directed behavior. Significant negative influential factors mainly included course topic choices. Overall, these findings were consistent with motivational theory and highlighted the significance of environmental influences in the classroom and potential connection to self-efficacy and ultimately motivation.
Multiple Goals Perspective in Adolescent Students With Learning Difficulties*

In the present work, the hypothesis of the existence of diverse motivational profiles in students with learning difficulties (LD) and the differential implications for intervention in the classroom are analyzed. Various assessment scales (academic goals, self-concept, and causal attributions) were administered to a sample of 259 students with LD, ages 8 to 15 years, in Spain. The data obtained were analyzed through (a) cluster analysis to study this hypothesis and (b) MANOVAs to determine the extent to which such profiles were accompanied by significant differences in self-esteem and causal attribution patterns. The results revealed four different motivational profiles and significantly different levels of self-esteem and causal attribution process.
The miR‐17/92 cluster is targeted by STAT5 but dispensable for mammary development

Genome wide analysis revealed the miR‐17/92 cluster as a STAT5 target. This cluster encodes six microRNAs, which predictably target genes that play a role in mammary gland development. In this study, we have deleted the miR‐17/92 cluster in mammary stem cells and evaluated in the mouse its function during mammary gland development. Loss of the miR‐17/92 cluster did not affect mammary development from prepuberty to lactation. Our studies demonstrated that, while expression of the miR‐17/92 cluster is under control of the key mammary transcription factor STAT5, its presence is not required for normal mammary development or lactation. genesis 50:665–671, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Role of Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes in the Pulmonary Dysfunction Induced by Complement Activation

To determine the role of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) in the pulmonary reaction induced by complement activation, pigs were infused with complement‐activated plasma (CAP), cell‐free supernatant from PMNs activated in vitro, or washed PMN aggregates produced in vitro. Infusion of CAP resulted in transient peripheral leucopenia, a reversible rise in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and decreased arterial oxygen tension (Pao2). Indomethacin did not influence the CAP‐induced drop in PMN count or the accumulation of PMNs in the lung, but significantly counteracted the rise in PVR and fall in Pao2. Antihistamines did not prevent the cellular or pulmonary reactions to CAP infusion. Methylprednisolone did not inhibit the decrease in PMN count, but modified the pulmonary reaction to CAP, although it did not prevent the rise in PVR to the same extent as indomethacin; it counteracted the fall in Pao2. Infusion of supernatant from activated PMNs did not influence the PMN count, but caused a reversible increase in PVR and a drop in Pao2. Indomethacin counteracted the pulmonary reaction to this infusion. Infusion of washed PMN aggregates did not result in any cellular or physiological changes. These findings suggest that the pulmonary reaction induced by complement activation is mediated by humoral components generated and/or released during activation of PMNs. Arachidonic acid metabolites play an important role and it is likely that substance(s) released from activated PMNs trigger prostanoid synthesis in other cells. It is conceivable, however, that PMNs exposed to activated complement factors also directly synthesize and release arachidonic acid metabolites.
Minimally manipulated whole human umbilical cord is a rich source of clinical-grade human mesenchymal stromal cells expanded in human platelet lysate.

BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have recently been identified as a therapeutic option in several clinical conditions. Whereas bone marrow (BM) is considered the main source of MSC (BM-MSC), the invasive technique required for collection and the decline in allogeneic donations call for alternative sources. Human umbilical cord (UC) represents an easily available source of MSC (UC-MSC). METHODS Sections of full-term UC were transferred to cell culture flasks and cultured in 5% human platelet lysate (PL)-enriched medium. Neither enzymatic digestion nor blood vessel removal was performed. After 2 weeks, the adherent cells were harvested (P1), replated at low density and expanded for two consecutive rounds (P2 and P3). RESULTS We isolated and expanded MSC from 9/9 UC. UC-MSC expanded with a mean fold increase (FI) of 42 735 ± 16 195 from P1 to P3 in a mean of 29 ± 2 days. By processing the entire cord unit, we theoretically could have reached a median of 9.5 × 10(10) cells (ranging from 1.0 × 10(10) to 29.0 × 10(10)). UC-MSC expressed standard surface markers; they contained more colony-forming unit (CFU)-fibroblast (F) and seemed less committed towards osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages than BM-MSC. They showed immunosuppressive properties both in vitro and in an in vivo chronic Graft versus Host disease (cGvHD) mouse model. Both array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) analysis and karyotyping revealed no chromosome alterations at the end of the expansion. Animal studies revealed no tumorigenicity in vivo. CONCLUSIONS UC constitute a convenient and very rich source of MSC for the production of third-party 'clinical doses' of cells under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions.
Cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy: changing clinical pattern and concepts in management

Tuberculosis is one of the biggest health challenges the world is facing. In this study the clinical pattern of patients with cervical lymphadenitis, who presented to the ear, nose, and throat outpatient department of the Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India between June 1997 and May 1998 is recorded. Tuberculosis accounted for 60 out of 94 cases of cervical lymph node enlargement. The commonest age group affected was 11–20 years. Constitutional symptoms were not present in most of the patients. Multiple matted nodes were seen in 23 patients but a single discrete node was seen in 18 patients. Upper deep jugular nodes were the most commonly affected lymph nodes. Discharging sinus and abscess formation were uncommon. Fine needle aspiration cytology yielded a positive diagnosis in 52 out of 56 patients. Chest lesions on radiography were evident in 16% of the patients. Mantoux test was positive and was more than 15 mm in most of the patients. This study shows that the classical picture of “scrofula” is no longer seen nowadays and can probably be explained by the earlier presentation of the disease. All the patients were treated with short course daily chemotherapy for six months. Surgery was not required in the majority of patients except in four cases where excision biopsy was performed. Patients with abscess formation were managed with wide bore needle aspiration only. With a minimum six month period of follow up, no patient was found to have a recurrence of local or systemic disease. This study emphasises the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis and confirms the efficacy of six months short course chemotherapy.
The Ebony Project- Bicultural Group Work with Transracial Foster Parents

The project encompassed groups for black children in white foster homes and also a group for the white carers, which forms the main topic of this paper. The group aimed to assist the carers to consider what special needs their foster children had, as well as challenging their understanding of the impact of racism in society and of their own assumptions. The ethnicity of group workers, the consultant and of other agency staff were all highly relevant to the success of the group and to the particular difficulties it encountered. The bicultural worker team was especially valuable in confronting the defensive attitudes which prevailed amongst group members. The Ebony project demonstrates the potential for innovative group work practitioners to redress the failings of a past era when ethnicity was frequently simply ignored and when the needs of service users were consequently not appropriately met.
Beta-naphthoflavone inhibits the induction of hepatic oestrogen-dependent proteins by 17alpha-ethynylestradiol in mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki)

Abstract The interactive effects of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist and of a xenoestrogen on biomarker responses were studied in the liver of male mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki). Hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) enzymatic activity was measured as a biomarker of exposure to the model AhR agonist beta-naphthoflavone (bNF). Hepatic proteins indicating the exposure of males to the synthetic oestrogen 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) were monitored by Western blot analysis using immunoserum prepared for this study. After a semi-static exposure only to waterborne EE2, Western blot analysis of liver homogenate revealed the induction of two protein bands (a double band at 205 kDa and a single band at 125 kDa). The interaction between bNF and EE2 was investigated by analysing, on the one hand, EROD activity and, on the other hand, immunoreactivity corresponding to the two oestrogen-dependent protein bands in the liver of fish exposed to different concentrations of bNF for 2 days, then to the same concentrations of bNF plus 0.1 µg l−1 EE2 for 5 days. EE2 changed neither the basal activity of EROD nor its rate of induction with 1.0 and 4.0 µg l−1 bNF. On the other hand, the induction of oestrogen-dependent proteins with 0.1 µg l−1 EE2 was inhibited by exposure to 4.0 µg l−1 bNF. These results together with literature data suggest that field monitoring of xenoestrogen contamination through the analysis of oestrogen-dependent protein in male fish as a biomarker should take into account the possible negative interference of AhR agonists.
The likelihood of parent-adult child coresidence: effects of family structure and parental characteristics.

This study estimates the influence of child parent and family structural characteristics on the likelihood of parents having a coresident adult child. Data from a representative national sample of [U.S.] parents (N = 4893) show that parental dependency is not the major factor explaining coresidence at any point in the life course. The large majority of parents at all ages maintain their own households and most parents and adult children who coreside live in the parents household.Only parents with unmarried adult children have any appreciable risk of having an adult child at home.Parents marital dissolution and remarriage are negatively related to the likelihood of coresidence; parents with extended households are more likely to have a coresident adult child. (EXCERPT)
Gender Differences in the Across‐Time Associations of the Job Demands‐Control‐Support Model and Depressive Symptoms: A Three‐Wave Study

We used a full-panel longitudinal design to investigate, separately for women and men, the hypotheses that changes in the components of the Job Demands-Control-Support (JDC-S) model predict changes in depression symptoms levels over time and that the reversed prediction would also be found. Our study was conducted on a multi-occupational sample of apparently healthy employees (N = 692, 68% men) using three waves of data gathering, replicating our tests on two time lags of 18 months and 3 years on average. We controlled for neuroticism and other potential confounding variables. For both time lags, support for our hypotheses was found for the men only. We did not find systematic differences between the time lags, nor did we find a predominance of one of the unidirectional effects examined. We outline the theoretical and practical implications of our findings, including their relevance for efforts to combat depressive symptoms by changing job characteristics.
Bioleaching of Zinc and Copper from Anaerobically Digested Swine Manure: Effect of Sulfur Levels and Solids Contents

Anaerobically digested swine manure (ADSM) generally contains high concentrations of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). These metals levels exceed the land application regulations of municipal biosolids of many European countries and are on the borderline of exceptional quality in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) 40 CFR part 503 standards. From this perspective, a series of batch tests were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of bioleaching of Zn and Cu from ADSM so that the produced biosolids could safely be applied to land. The effect of different substrate levels (sulfur) and total solids content (as high as 9%) on metal solubilization was investigated. The results showed that metal solubilization efficiency for both Zn and Cu declined significantly with an increase in total solids from 3 to 6% and then to 9% at the same substrate level. Metal solubilization increased proportionately with increases in substrate concentration up to 6% of total solids content. However, at 9% total solids content, metal solubilization was insignificant at all substrate levels tested. At a 6% total solids level and 10 000 mg/L of substrate, 94% of Zn and 72% of Cu were solubilized. Bioleaching was also found to be effective in destruction of pathogens with approximately 2.5 log‐scale reduction. The residual biosolid was found to meet the Class A biosolids standands of U.S. EPA 40 CFR part 503.
Nkx-2.5 gene induction in mice is mediated by a Smad consensus regulatory region.

In the forming vertebrate heart, bone morphogenetic protein signaling induces expression of the early cardiac regulatory gene nkx-2.5. A similar regulatory interaction has been defined in Drosophila embryos where Dpp signaling mediated by the Smad homologues Mad and Medea directly regulates early cardiac expression of tinman. A conserved cluster of Smad consensus binding sequences was identified in early cardiac regulatory sequences of the mouse nkx-2.5 gene. The importance of the nkx-2.5 Smad consensus region in early cardiac gene expression was examined in transgenic mice and in cultured mouse embryos. In transgenic mice, deletion of the Smad consensus region delays induction of embryonic DeltaSmadnkx-2.5/lacZ gene expression during early heart formation. Induction of DeltaSmadnkx-2.5/lacZ expression is also delayed in the outflow tract myocardium and visceral mesoderm. Targeted mutation of the three Smad consensus sequences inhibited nkx-2.5/lacZ expression in the cardiac crescent, demonstrating a specific requirement for the Smad consensus sites in early cardiac gene induction. Cultured DeltaSmadnkx-2.5/lacZ transgenic mouse embryos also exhibit delayed induction of transgene expression. In the four-chambered heart, deletion of the Smad consensus region resulted in expanded DeltaSmadnkx-2.5/lacZ transgene expression. Thus, the nkx-2.5 Smad consensus region can have positive or negative regulatory function, depending on the developmental context and cellular environment.
Voodoo Correlations Are Everywhere—Not Only in Neuroscience

A recent set of articles in Perspectives on Psychological Science discussed inflated correlations between brain measures and behavioral criteria when measurement points (voxels) are deliberately selected to maximize criterion correlations (the target article was Vul, Harris, Winkielman, & Pashler, 2009). However, closer inspection reveals that this problem is only a special symptom of a broader methodological problem that characterizes all paradigmatic research, not just neuroscience. Researchers not only select voxels to inflate effect size, they also select stimuli, task settings, favorable boundary conditions, dependent variables and independent variables, treatment levels, moderators, mediators, and multiple parameter settings in such a way that empirical phenomena become maximally visible and stable. In general, paradigms can be understood as conventional setups for producing idealized, inflated effects. Although the feasibility of representative designs is restricted, a viable remedy lies in a reorientation of paradigmatic research from the visibility of strong effect sizes to genuine validity and scientific scrutiny.
Bond percolation on multiplex networks

We present an analytical approach for bond percolation on multiplex networks and use it to determine the expected size of the giant connected component and the value of the critical bond occupation probability in these networks. We advocate the relevance of these tools to the modeling of multilayer robustness and contribute to the debate on whether any benefit is to be yielded from studying a full multiplex structure as opposed to its monoplex projection, especially in the seemingly irrelevant case of a bond occupation probability that does not depend on the layer. Although we find that in many cases the predictions of our theory for multiplex networks coincide with previously derived results for monoplex networks, we also uncover the remarkable result that for a certain class of multiplex networks, well described by our theory, new critical phenomena occur as multiple percolation phase transitions are present. We provide an instance of this phenomenon in a multipex network constructed from London rail and European air transportation datasets.
Examining the nature of reflective learning in an online MBA; a dialogic approach

The debate around the relevance of management education to practice is a long standing one. Critics argue that conventional, lectured-based teaching does not attend to practitioners’ needs and their complex realities. Critical management education has been held up as an alternate teaching pedagogy that speaks more adequately to practice. A starting point for a critical pedagogy may be a social constructivist approach where students actively construct their own knowledge and meanings rather than passively receive information. The essence of critical management education is to create more spaces to promote a questioning attitude towards practice and theory and help management students to become active, reflective learners. So far, investigations of criticality seem to have largely drawn on exploring management students’ perspectives about their learning experience. Little evidence is available on what becoming more or less critical entails for management students from within practice. There is no mention of a rigorous framework that would offer insights about what to look for in investigating reflective learning from within its natural setting. As an area that appears to be under developed in critical management education research, the nature of reflective learning evoked in classroom dialogue is considered, and a framework is devised based on Bakhtin’s dialogism to help identify and conceptualize reflective learning. The availability of online courses has grown strongly over the past two decades. A number of commentators consequently see that online management learning is becoming a mainstream aspect of higher education. Yet, serious reservations against the nature of learning that an asynchronous, text-based learning environment can offer management students have been raised. Therefore, an online MBA classroom is chosen as the site of this study. Data is collected through a combination of observations of online classroom conversations and document analysis. The proposed framework is used is to carry out a relational analysis of online, text-based classroom conversations. It is not the asynchronicity of the setting that is inherently problematic in stimulating reflective, emancipatory learning. The potential of online management classrooms to engender dialogic, reflective learning amongst management students responds to the wider critiques of the status of learning in management classrooms. A critical approach to online teaching, which is not underpinned by a critical curriculum, is proposed. There is an urgent need to attend to the role of online tutors and their influence on the nature of learning, which occurs in their conversations with students in virtual classrooms. The study opens up the scope for assessing online management learning as a “dialogical construction of meaning” and offers insights into the online setting beyond the passive portrayals of learners.
Mechanisms of conscious and unconscious interpretative processes

When we perceive a word, a picture or a sound, we do not access an ‘objective’ representation of them. Rather we gain immediate access to a subjective interpretation. This interpretation reflects the combination of our prior knowledge about the world with data sampled in the environment. An interesting issue is to understand how we deal with inconsistencies between our prior knowledge and the data from the environment. During this PhD, responses to inconsistencies both in the environment and in subjects’ own behavior were explored. The first series of studies address how subjects process regularities in the environment and how these processes relate to conscious access. To do so, two levels of auditory regularities were studied in epileptic patients implanted with intracranial electrodes. In a second experiment, we used a paradigm derived from the Stroop task to test responses to frequent conscious or unconscious conflicts. Behavioral measures and scalp EEG were used to assess changes in subjects’ strategy when processing trials conflicting with current expectations. In the second series of studies, we analyzed how subjects adapt their interpretations when confronted with inconsistencies in their own behavior, using the framework of cognitive dissonance. The implication of explicit memory was tested in a behavioral experiment and in an fMRI study. The results of these four studies are discussed around two main issues. First, these results highlight the existence of processes which rely on conscious stimuli but are not conscious themselves. Second, we examine what could explain our tendency to constantly seek consistency both in the external world and in our own behavior.
Research on the evolutionary game of environmental pollution in system dynamics model

Environmental pollution abatement is a complex project. A system dynamics (SD) model is built for studying a mixed-strategy evolutionary game between the government that manages environmental pollution and the firm that generates contamination during their production processes. The stability analysis and SD simulation results show that evolutionary equilibrium (EE) does not exist with a static penalty. Therefore, a dynamic penalty is suggested in the SD model for equilibrium stabilisation and improvement in environmental pollution. Furthermore, a restraining penalty is found, which can not only stabilise the evolutional processes but also ideally influence the environmental pollution control in the simulation result. The stability analysis of the evolutionary game with both the dynamic penalties proves that Nash equilibrium takes the role of EE. The SD model can connect the static concept with dynamic predictions in the evolutionary game theory in a visual and convenient way.