Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of resources for analyzing drug interactions.

OBJECTIVE The research sought to evaluate seven drug information resources, specifically designed for analyzing drug interactions for scope, completeness, and ease of use, and determine the consistency of content among the seven resources. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted where 100 drug-drug and drug-dietary supplement interactions were analyzed using 7 drug information resources: Lexicomp Interactions module, Micromedex Drug Interactions, Clinical Pharmacology Drug Interaction Report, Facts & Comparisons eAnswers, Stockley's Drug Interactions (10th edition), Drug Interactions Analysis and Management (2014), and Drug Interaction Facts (2015). The interaction sample was developed based on published resources and peer input. Two independent reviewers gathered data for each interaction from each of the 7 resources using a common form. RESULTS Eighty-two drug-drug and 18 drug-dietary supplement interactions were analyzed. Scope scores were higher for Lexicomp Interactions (97.0%), Clinical Pharmacology Drug Interaction Report (97.0%), and Micromedex Drug Interactions (93.0%) compared to all other resources (p<0.05 for each comparison). Overall completeness scores were higher for Micromedex Drug Interactions (median 5, interquartile range [IQR] 4 to 5) compared to all other resources (p<0.01 for each comparison) and were higher for Lexicomp Interactions (median 4, IQR 4 to 5), Facts & Comparisons eAnswers (median 4, IQR 4 to 5), and Drug Interaction Facts (4, IQR 4 to 5) compared to all other resources, except Micromedex (p<0.05 for each comparison). Ease of use, in terms of time to locate information and time to gather information, was similar among resources. Consistency score was higher for Micromedex (69.9%) compared to all other resources (p<0.05 for each comparison). CONCLUSIONS Clinical Pharmacology Drug Interaction Report, Lexicomp Interactions, and Micromedex Drug Interactions scored highest in scope. Micromedex Drug Interactions and Lexicomp Interactions scored highest in completeness. Consistency scores were overall low, but Micromedex Drug Interactions was the highest.
Contribution of 1p, 19q, 9p and 10q Automated Analysis by FISH to the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Oligodendroglial Tumors According to WHO 2016 Guidelines

Objective To study the feasibility and the diagnostic and prognostic interest of automated analysis of 1p, 19q, 9p and 10q status by FISH technique in oligodendroglial tumors. Methods We analyzed a retrospective series of 33 consecutive gliomas with oligodendroglial histology (originally diagnosed as 24 oligodendrogliomas and 9 oligoastrocytomas). For all cases, automated FISH analysis of 1p, 19q, 9p and 10q status were performed and compared to clinical and histological data, ATRX, IDH1R132H and alpha-internexin status (studied by immunohistochemistry) and overall survival (OS). Manual analysis of 9p and 10q status were also performed and compared to automated analysis to verify the concordance of the two methods. Results The 33 gliomas were reclassified into 13 low-grade oligodendrogliomas (OII), 10 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (OIII), 3 diffuse astrocytomas (AII), 3 anaplastic astrocytomas (AIII) and 4 glioblastomas (GBM) according to the WHO 2016 histological criteria. The 1p and/or 19q imbalanced status were restricted to astrocytomas with no correlation to their grade or their OS. Chromosome 9p deletion was restricted to OIII (70%) and GBM (100%) and was correlated with a shorter OS in the total cohort (p = 0.0007), the oligodendroglioma cohort (p = 0.03) and the astrocytoma cohort (p = 0.001). Concordance between 9p manual and automated analysis was satisfactory (81%, κ = 0.69). Chromosome 10q deletion was restricted to GBMs (50%) and was correlated with a poor OS in both the total cohort (p = 0.003) and the astrocytoma (AS) cohort (p = 0.04). Concordance between manual and automated analysis was satisfactory (79%, κ = 0.62). Conclusion Automated analysis of 1p, 19q, 9p and 10q status by FISH is a reliable technique which allows for refined classification of oligodendroglial tumors. 1p and/or 19q imbalanced status is evidence of astrocytic differentiation. 9p deletion is found in high grade oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas with a poor OS. 10q is related to GBM status and a poor OS.
Purification and Preliminary Characterization of a Serine Hydrolase Involved in the Microbial Degradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls*

2-Hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate (6-phenyl-HODA) hydrolase (BphD), an enzyme of the biphenyl biodegradation pathway encoded by the bphD gene ofBurkholderia cepacia LB400, was hyperexpressed and purified to apparent homogeneity. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed that BphD has a subunit molecular mass of 32 kDa, while gel filtration demonstrated that it is a homotetramer of molecular weight 122,000. The enzyme hydrolyzed 6-phenyl-HODA with ak cat of 5.0 (± 0.07) s−1 and ak cat/K m of 2.0 (± 0.08) × 107 m −1 s−1 (100 mm phosphate, pH 7.5, 25 °C). The specificity of BphD for other 2-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoates (HODAs) decreased markedly with the size of the C6 substituent; 6-methyl-HODA, themeta cleavage product of 3-methylcatechol, was hydrolyzed approximately 2300 times less specifically than 6-phenyl-HODA. By comparison, the homologous hydrolase from the toluene degradation pathway, TodF, showed highest specificity for 6-methyl- and 6-ethyl-HODA (k cat/K m of 2.0 (± 0.05) × 106 m −1s−1 and 9.0 (± 0.5) × 106 m −1 s−1, respectively). TodF showed no detectable activity toward 6-phenyl-HODA and 6-tert-butyl-HODA. Neither BphD nor TodF hydrolyzed 5-methyl-HODA efficiently. The k cat of BphD determined by monitoring product formation was about half that determined by monitoring substrate disappearance, suggesting that some uncoupling of substrate utilization and product formation occurs during the enzyme catalyzed reaction. Crystals of BphD were obtained using ammonium sulfate combined with polyethylene glycol 400 as the precipitant. Diffraction was observed to a resolution of at least 1.9 Å, and the evaluation of self-rotation functions confirmed 222 (D2) molecular symmetry.
Factors Associated With the Control of Severe Asthma

Introduction. Control is a priority treatment objective in asthma, and classification based on control is recommended in the follow-up of asthmatic patients. Different factors affect this control, and there are several regional differences, both in terms of prevalence and in terms of management and degree of control. Objective. To evaluate the factors associated with control of severe asthma in routine clinical practice. Material and Methods. This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study of patients with severe asthma who were receiving treatment with a fixed combination of a corticosteroid (at least 800 μg/day of budesonide or equivalent) and an inhaled β2-adrenergic agonist in respiratory medicine and allergology clinics throughout Spain. The authors collected demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as clinical data on asthma. The patients also completed a self-administered validated questionnaire—the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)—about the control of their asthma. Results. The authors included 1471 patients, of whom 1224 (83%) were valid for the final analysis. Women accounted for 61%. Mean age was 51 ± 16 years. The mean number of exacerbations during the previous year was 2.0 ± 2.0. The global score on the ACQ was 1.8 ± 1.1 (0 = no symptoms; 6 = maximum number of symptoms). Only 20.4% of patients were well controlled (ACQ < 0.75), and 55.7% of patients were poorly controlled (ACQ > 1.5). The multivariate analysis revealed that the variable with the greatest effect on control of asthma was the number of exacerbations during the previous year: when the number of exacerbations increased from 0 to 1 or more, the ACQ score increased by 0.56 points. Employed patients had a mean of 0.23 points less (better control) than unemployed and retired patients. Control of asthma was also significantly affected by adherence to treatment, patient knowledge of the disease, body mass index, gender, and number of visits to a physician in the previous 3 months. Conclusions. Many patients with severe asthma have poor control of their disease. The number of exacerbations is the variable with the greatest effect on control of asthma. Knowledge of the disease and adherence to treatment are associated with better control.
The Role of Friends and Peers in Adolescent Body Dissatisfaction: A Review and Critique of 15 Years of Research

We review the research conducted in the past 15 years concerned with the role of friends and peers in adolescent body dissatisfaction. A number of friend and peer group characteristics have been associated with heightened body dissatisfaction both concurrently and longitudinally. Most widely studied and more consistently linked to body dissatisfaction are appearance teasing and perceived pressure from friends to be thin. Other interactions between friends and peers that communicate and strengthen appearance ideals and direct attention to appearance also have been associated with body dissatisfaction, including appearance-related conversations, friends' modeling of dieting behavior, and perceptions of friends' appearance-related attitudes. Finally, the research is critiqued, new directions considered, and strategies are proposed that could be implemented to reduce body dissatisfaction.
[An assessment of association of thyroid volume with growth indicators and comparison of different thyroid volume indexes in school-aged children].

OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between thyroid volume and physical growth of school-age children, and to compare volume indexes of individual thyroids for reference of selection of assessment indicators. METHODS All the students of the 12 classes of grades 3-5 at a primary school in Minhang district, Shanghai were rounded up with a multi-stage cluster sampling, for physical examinations to measure their height, weight, Body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA), followed by B-ultrasonography to measure their thyroid volume. Data of the measurements were calculated to learn their height corrected volume index (HVI), weight and height corrected volume index (WHVI), BMI corrected volume (BMIV), and BSA corrected volume (BSAV) individually. Their urine and salt samples were collected to measure iodine concentration in urine and salt. Individual indexes were studied for their association with the growth and development indexes of children. RESULTS Thyroid volume data were collected for 485 students, including 258 boys (53.2%) and 227 girls (46.8%). Their height, weight, BMI and BSA were found to be positively correlated with their age (P < 0.05). For children of the same age group, their thyroid volume was also positively correlated with their physical development indexes. Of all the thyroid indexes, the difference between BSAV physical development factors had no statistical association (with partial-correlation coefficients for age, gender, height, and weight being 0.07, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.02 respectively), and their thyroid volume, HVI, BMI and weight were correlated to age, height and weight. CONCLUSION Thyroid volume was associated with age and weight. It was inappropriate to diagnose goiter with criteria of age, gender and thyroid volume. BSAV was recommended for its non-association with age, gender and weight and its stability.
The Prosody of Excitement in Horse Race Commentaries

This study investigates examples of horse race commentaries and compares the acoustic properties with an auditorily based description of the typical suspense pattern from calm to very excited at the finish and relaxation after the finish. With the exception of tempo, the auditory impressions were basically confirmed. The examination shows further that the results of the investigated prosodic parameters pause duration, pausing and breathing rate, F0 level and range, intensity, and spectral tilt fit well with other forms of excitement such as anger or elation. Additionally, it is discussed how the specific speaking style of horse race commentators can be classified. Finally, the role of prosodic descriptions for modelling those speaking styles and emotions, especially for speech technology, is considered.
Simple models for the distribution of dark matter

We introduce a simple family of models for representing the dark matter in galaxies. The potential and phase space distribution function are all elementary, while the density is cusped. The models are all hypervirial, that is, the virial theorem holds locally, as well as globally. As an application to dark matter studies, we compute some of the properties of γ-ray sources caused by neulralino self-annihilation in dark matter clumps.
The challenges of measuring the entrepreneurial personality ? A methodological approach

Currently, the entrepreneurial personality is measured with outdated or invalid measurement tools and without clearly defined units (Davidsson, 2005; Davidsson, 2008; Gartner, 1989). Moreover, the precondition before measuring is often neglected. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to outline the primary challenges of the entrepreneurial personality followed by suggestions on how to overcome the measurement challenge by adding new knowledge. Among others, the diverse elements of entrepreneurial personality attributes are presented in a model to make the concept more manageable, including how to integrate and differentiate the elements. On the subject of measuring the entrepreneurial personality in a valid and reliable way, the overall challenge is to specify: why the personality is relevant to measure, which part of the personality is entrepreneurial, which parameters of the personality are actually measurable, with which current measurement tools and how to do it properly. Focusing directly on the challenges, this paper suggests new measurement avenues for the entrepreneurial personality by presenting solutions.
SpeechForms: From Web to Speech and Back

This paper describes SpeechForms, a system that uses novel techniques to automatically identify form element semantics and form element content, and to semi-automatically generate language models that allow users to fill out each web form element by voice. Preliminary experimental results show that simple per-element language models are faster and may be more accurate than statistical n-gram language models trained on large amounts of web text data. Index Terms: language modeling, form understanding, information retrieval
The Evaluation Of An Insourced Employee Assistance Programme

Employers worldwide are appreciating the increasing need for maximum employee productivity and effectiveness in a global economy. In countries with labour and/or skill shortages, the strategic value of worker recruitment and retention is vital. Employers are thus utilising workplace services, such as Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs) and other related programmes to enhance their overall Human Resources systems. However, the mere introduction of an EAP is not in itself sufficient to achieve all of the above. EAPs if not properly implemented are seldom successful and must therefore be evaluated to demonstrate their effectiveness. Thus in order to achieve the above the present study was designed with the overall aim of evaluating an insourced employee assistance programme (EAP) over a one year period in terms of impact and efficiency evaluation. The methodology implemented and the results of the study are presented in this article. OPSOMMING Werkgewers wereldwyd toon waardering vir die toenemende behoefte aan maksimum werknemerproduktiwiteit en doeltreffendheid in ‘n globale ekonomie. In lande met arbeids- en vaardigheidstekorte, is die strategiese waarde van werknemerwerwing en -behoud krities. Werkgewers gebruik dus werkplekdienste, soos Werknemerbystandsprogramme (EAPs) en ander verwante programme, om die algehele menslikehulpbronstelsels te verbeter. Maar die blote ingebruikneming van ‘n EAP is opsigself nie genoegsaam om al die bogenoemde te bereik nie. EAPs is selde suksesvol, indien dit nie korrek geimplementeer word nie en behoort om hierdie rede geevalueer te word ten einde hulle doeltreffendheid te demonstreer. Ten einde die bogenoemde te bereik, is die teenswoordige studie ontwerp met die oorkoepelende oogmerk om die ingekontrakteerde werknemerbystandsprogram (EAP) oor ‘n periode van een jaar te evalueer in terme van impak- en effektiwiteitsbeoordeling. Die metodologie en die resultate van die studie word in die artikel aangebied.
Sekundäre Traumatisierung bei Traumatherapeutinnen

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Traumatherapeutinnen sind durch ihre Arbeit mit traumatisierten Patientinnen einem erhohten Risiko sekundarer Traumatisierung (ST) ausgesetzt. Insbesondere wird hierbei die empathische Reaktion als moglicher Risikofaktor diskutiert. Fragestellung: Weder der Zusammenhang von Empathie und ST, noch mogliche schutzende Copingfahigkeiten wurden jedoch eingehend untersucht. Insbesondere akkommodative Copingfahigkeiten (z. B. Umdeutung belastender Problemlagen), sollten das Risiko einer ST verringern. Methode: An einer Stichprobe von N = 312 Traumatherapeutinnen wird untersucht, ob die Empathiefahigkeit einen Risikofaktor fur ST darstellt und akkommodative Copingfahigkeiten diesen Zusammenhang abmildern konnen. Ergebnisse: Es zeigt sich ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Empathiefahigkeit und ST, sowie eine moderierende Wirkung der Akkommodationsfahigkeit. Schlussfolgerungen: Empathiefahigkeit kann als Risikofaktor einer ST angesehen werden, dieser schadliche Zusammen.
Relevance of endotoxin receptor CD14 and TLR4 gene variants in chronic liver disease

Objective. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered release of inflammatory cytokines from Kupffer cells is mediated via the CD14/TLR4 receptor complex. This inflammatory pathway can be influenced by alterations in genes encoding for LPS receptor components. Thus, a -260 C>T transition in the CD14 promoter is thought to result in enhanced CD14 expression thereby increasing the LPS responsiveness in chronic liver diseases, whereas a D299G exchange in the TLR4 gene has the opposite effect. Our objective was to analyze these two variations. Material and methods. The study comprised 1712 patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies and 385 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out by melting curve analysis with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes in the LightCycler. Results. Genotype frequencies of CD14 -260C>T and TLR4 D299G did not significantly differ between patients and controls (CD14 TT 21.6% versus 21.8%; TLR4 DG or GG 9.7% versus 10.4%). We found no significant correlation of these alterations with disease course either in the groups of patients with alcoholic liver disease or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or among patients requiring liver transplantation. A significantly higher frequency of the CD14 -260TT genotype was observed (36.6% versus 21.8% in healthy controls, p=0.036) only in a small subgroup of patients (n=41) with mild cryptogenic chronic liver disease. Conclusions. Variants within these LPS receptor genes were equally distributed among patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies and obviously do not confer an increased risk for the severity of these chronic liver processes.
Twisting of quantum spaces and twisted coHom objects

Twisting process for quantum linear spaces is defined. It consists in a particular kind of globally defined deformations on finitely generated al- gebras. Given a quantum space A = (A1, A), a multiplicative cosimplicial quasicomplex C • (A1) in the category Grp is associated to A1, in such a way that for every n ∈ N a subclass of linear automorphisms of A ⊗n is obtained from the groups C n (A1). Among the elements of this subclass, the counital 2-cocycles are those which define the twist transformations. In these terms, the twisted internal coHom objects hom � (B, A), constructed in (7), can be described as twisting of the proper coHom objects hom(B, A). Moreover, sym- metric twisted tensor products A ◦� B, in terms of which above objects were built up, can be seen as particular 2-cocycle twisting of A ◦ B, enabling us to generalize the mentioned construction. The quasicomplexes C • (V) are studied in detail, showing for instance that, when V is a coalgebra, the quasicomplexes related to Drinfeld twisting, corresponding to bialgebras generated by V, are subobjects of C• (V).
No evidence for a direct role of HLA-B27 in pathological bone formation in axial SpA

Objective The strong genetic association between HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis has been known for over 40 years. HLA-B27 positivity is possibly associated with severity of ankylosis. We studied the in vitro and in vivo impact of HLA-B27 in models of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Methods Different in vitro differentiation systems were used to mimic endochondral and direct bone formation. ATDC5 cells and primary human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs) were transduced with lentiviral vectors expressing HLA-B27 or HLA-B7. These cells and limb bud cells (from HLA-B27 transgenic and wild-type (WT) mice) were cultured in micromasses. To study direct osteogenesis in hPDCs, cells were cultured as monolayers and stimulated with osteogenic media. Chondrogenesis (COL2, ACAN, COL10) and osteogenesis (OSC, ALP, RUNX2) marker expression was studied by quantitative RT-PCR. Colorimetric tests were performed to measure proteoglycans, mineralization and collagens. Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in HLA-B27 transgenic and WT mice. Clinical scoring and µCTs were performed. Statistical analyses were performed by two-way ANOVA. Results There was no difference in chondrogenesis markers or in colorimetric tests between HLA-B27+ and HLA-B7+ micromasses. Expression of osteogenesis markers and Alizarin red staining was comparable in the HLA-B27+ and the HLA-B7+ hPDCs in monolayers. HLA-B27 transgenic mice showed more severe arthritis compared with WT mice in the CAIA model. µCT analysis showed no increased bone formation in HLA-B27 transgenic mice. Conclusion HLA-B27 seems to enhance joint inflammation in the CAIA model. We could not document a direct effect of HLA-B27 on chondrogenesis or osteogenesis.
The C-Terminal Region but Not the Arg-X-Pro Repeat of Epstein-Barr Virus Protein EB2 Is Required for Its Effect on RNA Splicing and Transport

ABSTRACT The Epstein-Barr virus BMLF1 gene product EB2 has been shown to efficiently transform immortalized Rat1 and NIH 3T3 cells, to bind RNA, and to shuttle from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In transient-expression assays EB2 seems to affect mRNA nuclear export of intronless RNAs and pre-mRNA 3′ processing, but no direct proof of EB2 being involved in RNA processing and transport has been provided, and no specific functional domain of EB2 has been mapped. Here we significantly extend these findings and directly demonstrate that (i) EB2 inhibits the cytoplasmic accumulation of mRNAs, but only if they are generated from precursors containing weak (cryptic) 5′ splice sites, (ii) EB2 has no effect on the cytoplasmic accumulation of mRNA generated from precursors containing constitutive splice sites, and (iii) EB2 has no effect on the 3′ processing of precursor RNAs containing canonical and noncanonical cleavage-polyadenylation signals. We also show that in the presence of EB2, intron-containing and intronless RNAs accumulate in the cytoplasm. EB2 contains an Arg-X-Pro tripeptide repeated eight times, similar to that described as an RNA-binding domain in the herpes simplex virus type 1 protein US11. As glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins, both EB2 and the Arg-X-Pro repeat bound RNA in vitro. However, by using EB2 deletion mutants, we demonstrated that the effect of EB2 on splicing and RNA transport requires the C-terminal half of the protein but not the Arg-X-Pro repeat.