Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PELUANG PERGESERAN PENGGUNAAN SEPEDA MOTOR KE ANGKUTAN KOTA OLEH PEKERJA INDUSTRI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG

Tujuan studi ini adalah menganalisis peluang pergeseran penggunaan sepeda motor ke angkutan kota oleh pekerja industri di Kabupaten Karawang. Sasaran dari tujuan studi ini adalah: 1. Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pemilihan moda antara angkutan kota dan sepeda motor oleh pekerja industri di Kabupaten Karawang; 2. Mengidentifikasi fungsi utilitas antara sepeda motor dan angkutan kota sebagai moda transportasi oleh pekerja industri di Kabupaten Karawang; 3. Menghitung peluang pemilihan moda transportasi sepeda motor dan Angkutan Kota oleh pekerja industri di Kabupaten Karawang; 4. Melihat peluang pergeseran pemilihan moda transportasi berdasarkan skenario perubahan faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan sepeda motor dan angkutan kota oleh pekerja industri di Kabupaten Karawang. 5. Mengidentifikasi upaya perencanaan yang dapat dikembangkan untuk mengalihkan penggunaan moda sepeda motor ke angkutan kota di Kabupaten Karawang.
The pfmdr1 Gene Is Associated with a Multidrug-Resistant Phenotype in Plasmodium falciparumfrom the Western Border of Thailand

ABSTRACT On the western border of Thailand, Plasmodium falciparum has become resistant to almost all antimalarial agents. The molecular basis of resistance in these parasite populations has not been well characterized. This study assessed genetic polymorphisms in the pfmdr1 gene in 54 parasites collected from the western border of Thailand to determine the relationship ofpfmdr1 copy number and codon mutations with parasite sensitivities to mefloquine, chloroquine, halofantrine, quinine, and artesunate assessed in vitro. A point mutation at codon 86 (resulting in a change of Asn to Tyr) was associated with a significantly lower 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of mefloquine (median, 9 ng/ml versus 52.4 ng/ml; P = 0.003). Overall 35% of the isolates (19 of 54) had an increase in pfmdr1 copy number, and all 19 carried the wild-type allele at codon 86. Increasedpfmdr1 copy number was associated with higher IC50s of mefloquine (P = 0.04) and artesunate (P = 0.005), independent of polymorphism at codon 86. The relationship between pfmdr1 and resistance to structurally distinct antimalarial agents confirms the presence of a true multidrug-resistant phenotype.
Students’ Classroom Participation: What Drives It?

What drives students to engage in dialogues, contribute to discussion, and make enquiries in the classroom? Is the student’s self-efficacy linked to their actual participation in class? The relationship between students’ self-efficacy and classroom participation has received relatively little attention and has not been fully explored. Due to the scant literature, this study looks at self-efficacy as theorized by Bandura’s Social Cognitive theory, in relation to students’ participation in classroom activities. It seeks to determine whether Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy has a causal relationship with students’ frequency and length of participation. Eighty four students were involved in the study. All the participants completed the Classroom Participation Self-Efficacy Scale (CPSES) to determine their self-efficacy level. The video-recording sessions provided the data on the frequency and time spent on classroom participation. The quantitative data were analysed using SPSS Statistics 17.0 software, where descriptive statistics and linear regression analyses were carried out. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between students’ classroom participation self-efficacy and length of participation. There was also a significant relationship between students’ classroom participation self-efficacy and frequency of participation. Recommendations are offered to enhance students’ self-efficacy and promote students’ classroom participation in context of higher learning.
Risk Tolerance Dependent on What? Demographics or Personality Type: Findings from an Empirical Research

An investor’s decision regarding investment is influenced by a number of factors. Many researchers have concluded that risk tolerance level of investors plays a vital role in making investment decision. It is therefore importance to measure the risk tolerance level of investors. Many studies have concluded that risk taking capabilities of an individual is based on his basic demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, income level, education, family background and occupation etc. yet no major systematic effort has been made to ascertain the impact of personality trait of an individual on his risk taking behavior.In the proposed study an attempt has been made to ascertain the relationship of (a) demographic variables (b) personality trait on risk taking behavior of investors.
Study of geophysical model functions for inverse problem of sea surface scattering

In addition to image processing and neural network, inverting the Geophysical Model Functions (GMFs) is one of the most widely used ways to retrieve oceanic parameters, i.e. surface wind speed, temperature, salinity, etc., from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. More exact the description of the GMFs is, more accurately the results are obtained. For this problem, one can find two principal approaches: empirical (EP) GMFs based on in situ measurements and electromagnetic (EM) GMFs based on EM calculations of radar scattering from sea surface roughness. In order to explore the potentials of the GMFs for inverse problem in C-band, we compare in this paper radar scattering calculated by CMOD5.N (EP GMF), and TSM and SSA (EM GMFs). Likewise, we compare wind speed estimates by inverting the studied GMFs. Based on comparisons, several solutions may be proposed to improve the calculation of radar scattering, and then the retrieval of oceanic parameters.
Fat Sensation: Fatty Acid Taste and Olfaction Sensitivity and the Link with Disinhibited Eating Behaviour

Perception of fat taste, aroma, and texture are proposed to influence food preferences, thus shaping dietary intake and eating behaviour and consequently long-term health. In this study, we investigated associations between fatty acid taste, olfaction, mouthfeel of fat, dietary intake, eating behaviour, and body mass index (BMI). Fifty women attended three sessions to assess oleic acid taste and olfaction thresholds, the olfactory threshold for n-butanol and subjective mouthfeel ratings of custard samples. Dietary intake and eating behaviour were evaluated using a Food Frequency and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, respectively. Binomial regression analysis was used to model fat taste and olfaction data. Taste and olfactory detection for oleic acid were positively correlated (r = 0.325; p < 0.02). Oleic acid taste hypersensitive women had significantly increased n-butanol olfactory sensitivity (p < 0.03). The eating behaviour disinhibition and BMI were higher in women who were hyposensitive to oleic acid taste (p < 0.05). Dietary intake of nuts, nut spreads, and seeds were significantly correlated with high olfactory sensitivity to oleic acid (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate a clear link between fatty acid taste sensitivity and olfaction and suggest that fat taste perception is associated with specific characteristics of eating behaviour and body composition.
Gene–Environment Interplay in Adolescent Drinking Behavior

Many people begin to consume alcohol and establish drinking patterns during adolescence, making this an important developmental period for alcohol researchers to study. Both drinking initiation and establishment of drinking patterns are influenced to varying degrees by genetic as well as environmental factors. Using twin studies conducted in Finland and other countries, researchers have analyzed the specific genetic and environmental influences as well as the gene–environment interactions that shape drinking behavior in adolescence. These studies indicate that drinking initiation is determined primarily by environmental influences, whereas the establishment of drinking patterns is determined mostly by genetic factors, which themselves are subject to moderation by the environment.
Clustering and self-assembly in colloidal systems

A colloidal dispersion consists of small particles called colloids, typically tens of nanometers to a few micrometers in size, suspended in a solvent. Due to collisions with the much smaller particles in the solvent, colloids perform Brownian motion: randomly directed movements that cause the particles to diffuse through the system. In principle, this motion allow the system of particles to explore all configurations available to them, sampling all of phase space according to the Boltzmann distribution. Analogous to molecular and atomic systems, colloidal systems can form disordered gas and liquid phases, as well as more ordered phases such as crystals, liquid crystals, or finite-sized aggregates. Since the particles form these phases based purely on their interactions and the Brownian motion that results from thermal fluctuations in their solvent, the process of forming these ordered structures is called self-assembly. In this thesis, we study the self-assembly of a variety of colloidal systems. We attempt to determine what structures can be expected to form, investigate the order and stability of these phases, and examine the nucleation of self-assembled crystals. To do this, we make use of computers to simulate the behavior of colloidal particles in suspension. Depending on the system under consideration, we perform either Monte Carlo simulations or event-driven molecular dynamics. In particular, we study the self-assembly of particles of several shapes in external electric or magnetic fields, the phase behavior of hard colloidal cubes, and the phase diagrams of charged colloidal spheres with a constant surface potential. Furthermore, we investigate the nucleation of binary hard sphere mixtures, the self-assembly of colloidal particles in evaporating emulsion droplets, and the formation of colloidal micelles. Where possible, we compare our results with experimental findings in similar systems.
Decomposition characteristics of SF6 under partial discharges with point-to-plane electrode defect

Field experience shows that the long-term existence of the partial discharge (PD) in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) will gradually erode the insulation and ultimately cause disastrous insulation breakdown. The decomposition compound analysis of SF<sub>6</sub> in GIS is an effective method to diagnose the PDs caused by insulation defects. It is significant to clarify the decomposition characteristics of SF<sub>6</sub> under PDs, which is common in GIS. In this paper the discharge energy/charge and SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition under PDs with point-to-plane electrode defect were investigated under different factors such as needle curvature, applied voltage, gas pressure and moisture content (adsorbent). And the feature extraction of SF<sub>6</sub> decomposition under PDs was also discussed. The results show that the yields of SOF<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> tend to increase approximately linearly with the accumulation of PD energy. In addition, the needle curvature and applied voltage have a great influence on the discharge energy/charge and the yield of SOF<sub>2</sub>/SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>. Also, the adsorbents composed of KDHF-03 or F-03 have a certain effect on the discharge energy. Besides, the discharge energy and charge tend to decrease with the increased moisture content, and the yields of SOF<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> are affected by the humidity (250 μL/L - 2500 μL/L) observably.
The association between hormone therapy use and changes in strength and body composition in early postmenopausal women

Objective:To prospectively examine potential differences in upper- and lower-body muscle strength, lower-body power, lean muscle mass, total body fat, intra-abdominal fat, and energy expenditure (METS) variables in early postmenopausal women. Measurements were taken at baseline and 12 months. Design:Prospective, 1-year non-randomized [self-selected hormone therapy (HT) and non-HT-replaced], longitudinal study with participation from 136 normally active, early [14.2 ± 9.8 mo past menopause (51.1 ± 3.0 y) mean age ± SD] postmenopausal women. Total body fat mass, lean mass, and bone mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic), METS (6-mo activity recall questionnaire) upper- and lower-body peak force by isokinetic dynamometry (KinCom 500H, Chattex Corp.), and leg power by the Bassey Power Rig (Nottingham, UK). Results:We observed no significant differences in central adipose tissue, total fat mass, lean muscle mass, strength, or lower limb power. However, estrogen did promote a maintenance affect in bone mineral density at the spine and total hip and an increase in greater trochanter bone mineral density (P < 0.01) in the estrogen-replaced group. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that HT does not play a role in either increasing or maintaining strength, lean muscle mass, lower limb power, or the attenuation of increases in total body or abdominal fat, at least in this group of postmenopausal women during the initial years of menopause
Anesthesia technique and outcomes after hip fracture surgery.

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Investigating the Degree of Anxiety of Incoming and Outgoing Men and Women Students of Dhaka University

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the degree of anxiety of incoming and outgoing (status). and men and women (Sex) students of Dhaka University. The sample consisted of 40 outgoing (20 men, 20 women) and 40 incoming (20 men. 20 women) university students. 771ey were administered the Bengali version of Dutt Personality Inventory (1966). Data were analyzed by a 2x2 analysis of variance. Sex was found to be a significant variable ill level of anxiety. In comparison to men, women scored higher in this regard. But non-significant difference was found between incoming and outgoing students in level of anxiety.
LILY Operational Semantics and Models of Linear Abadi-Plotkin Logic

We present a model of Linear Abadi and Plotkin Logic for parametricity [8] based on the operational semantics of LILY, a polymorphic linear lambda calculus endowed with an operational semantics [3]. We use it to formally prove definability of general recursive types in LILY and to derive reasoning principles for the recursive types.
Prevalence of breast and colorectal cancer in Ashkenazi Jewish carriers of Fanconi anemia and Bloom syndrome.

BACKGROUND Fanconi anemia complementation group C and Bloom syndrome, rare autosomal recessive disorders marked by chromosome instability, are especially prevalent in the Ashkenazi* Jewish community. A single predominant mutation for each has been reported in Ahshkenazi Jews: c.711+4A-->T (IVS4 +4 A-->T) in FACC and BLM(Ash) in Bloom syndrome. Individuals affected by either of these syndromes are characterized by susceptibility for developing malignancies, and we questioned whether heterozygote carriers have a similarly increased risk. OBJECTIVES To estimate the cancer rate among FACC and BLM(Ash) carriers and their families over three previous generations in unselected Ashkenazi Jewish individuals. METHODS We studied 42 FACC carriers, 28 BLM(Ash) carriers and 43 controls. The control subjects were Ashkenazi Jews participating in our prenatal genetic screening program who tested negative for FACC and BLM(Ash). All subjects filled out a questionnaire regarding their own and a three-generation family history of cancer. The prevalence rates of cancer among relatives of FACC, BLM(Ash) and controls were computed and compared using the chi-square test. RESULTS In 463 relatives of FACC carriers, 45 malignancies were reported (9.7%) including 10 breast (2.2%) and 13 colon cancers (2.8%). Among 326 relatives of BLM(Ash) carriers there were 30 malignancies (9.2%) including 7 breast (2.1%) and 4 colon cancers (1.2%). Controls consisted of 503 family members with 63 reported malignancies (12.5%) including 11 breast (2.2%) and 11 colon cancers (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS We found no significantly increased prevalence of malignancies among carriers in at least three generations compared to the controls.
Semantics and statistics for automated image annotation

Automated image annotation consists of a number of techniques that aim to find the correlation between words and image features such as colour, shape, and texture to provide correct annotation words to images. In particular, approaches based on Bayesian theory use machine-learning techniques to learn statistical models from a training set of pre-annotated images and apply them to generate annotations for unseen images. The focus of this thesis lies in demonstrating that an approach, which goes beyond learning the statistical correlation between words and visual features and also exploits information about the actual semantics of the words used in the annotation process, is able to improve the performance of probabilistic annotation systems. Specifically, I present three experiments. Firstly, I introduce a novel approach that automatically refines the annotation words generated by a non-parametric density estimation model using semantic relatedness measures. Initially, I consider semantic measures based on co-occurrence of words in the training set. However, this approach can exhibit limitations, as its performance depends on the quality and coverage provided by the training data. For this reason, I devise an alternative solution that combines semantic measures based on knowledge sources, such as WordNet and Wikipedia, with word co-occurrence in the training set and on the web, to achieve statistically significant results over the baseline. Secondly, I investigate the effect of using semantic measures inside an evaluation measure that computes the performance of an automated image annotation system, whose annotation words adopt the hierarchical structure of an ontology. This is the case of the ImageCLEF2009 collection. Finally, I propose a Markov Random Field that exploits the semantic context dependencies of the image. The best result obtains a mean average precision of 0.32, which is consistent with the state-of-the-art in automated image annotation for the Corel 5k dataset.
Tetrodotoxin, Epinephrine, and Chemical Permeation Enhancer Combinations in Peripheral Nerve Blockade

BACKGROUND: Chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) have the potential to improve nerve blockade by site 1 sodium channel blockers such as tetrodotoxin (TTX). Here, we investigated the efficacy and toxicity of CPE-enhanced nerve blockade across a range of TTX concentrations using 2 CPEs (sodium octyl sulfate and octyl trimethyl ammonium bromide). We also tested the hypothesis that CPEs could be used to reduce the concentrations of TTX and/or of a second adjuvant drug (in this case, epinephrine) needed to achieve prolonged local anesthesia METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected at the sciatic nerve with combinations of TTX and CPEs, with and without epinephrine. Sensory and motor nerve blockade were assessed using a modified hot plate test and a weight-bearing test, respectively. Systemic and local toxicities of the different combinations were assessed. RESULTS: Addition of increasing concentrations of TTX to fixed concentrations of CPEs produced a marked concentration-dependent improvement in the rate of successful nerve blocks and in nerve block duration. CPEs did not affect systemic toxicity. At some concentrations, the addition of sodium octyl sulfate increased the duration of block from TTX plus epinephrine, and epinephrine increased that from TTX plus CPEs. The addition of epinephrine did not cause an increase in local toxicity, and it markedly reduced systemic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: CPEs can prolong the duration of nerve blockade across a range of concentrations of TTX. CPEs could also be used to reduce the concentration of epinephrine needed to achieve a given degree of nerve block. CPEs may be useful in enhancing nerve blockade from site 1 sodium channel blockers.
The “education vaccine” against HIV

Introduction Evidence is emerging that the social profile of the AIDS pandemic is changing over time. During its initial stage, the more educated, mobile and better-off members of society seem to be most vulnerable to HIV infection. With increased information, knowledge and awareness, however, their behavior changes faster than that of illiterate and poor people in terms of delaying first sexual encounter, reducing the number of partners, increasing condom use, and other actions to decrease risk of infection.
Neural Network-Based Adaptive Dynamic Surface Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

This brief considers the problem of neural networks (NNs)-based adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with parameter uncertainties and load torque disturbance. First, NNs are used to approximate the unknown and nonlinear functions of PMSM drive system and a novel adaptive DSC is constructed to avoid the explosion of complexity in the backstepping design. Next, under the proposed adaptive neural DSC, the number of adaptive parameters required is reduced to only one, and the designed neural controllers structure is much simpler than some existing results in literature, which can guarantee that the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Then, simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness and potential of the new design technique.
Male Bias in Distributions of Additive Genetic, Residual, and Phenotypic Variances of Shared Traits

Despite a shared genetic architecture between males and females, sexual differences are widespread. The extent of this shared genetic architecture, reflected in the intersexual genetic correlation, has previously been correlated with the extent of phenotypic sexual dimorphism in shared traits. However, the magnitude of the difference in sex-specific additive genetic variances may also fuel sexual dimorphism. To explore the correlation between additive genetic variance dimorphism and phenotypic dimorphism, we conducted a literature search. We targeted traits expressed in both sexes and excluded sex-limited traits. The mean difference between the sexes in additive genetic variance was not significantly different from 0. However, the distribution of the sexual difference in additive genetic variance had a significant male-biased skew. This pattern persists even after removing traits explicitly related to reproduction. Furthermore, male traits had more residual and phenotypic variance than homologous female traits (as measured by both the mean and the skew), and this difference was not necessarily due to the difference between sexual traits and nonsexual traits. We found no evidence that sex chromosome system could explain sex differences in additive genetic, nonadditive genetic, or phenotypic variances. Finally, we found a significant correlation between the extent of sexual dimorphism in additive genetic variances and the extent of phenotypic sexual dimorphism. Understanding why traits have sex-specific patterns of variation awaits further investigation.