Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of MeH73 in actin polymerization and ATP hydrolysis.

In actin from many species H73 is methylated, but the function of this rare post-translational modification is unknown. Although not within bonding distance, it is located close to the gamma-phosphate of the actin-bound ATP. In most crystal structures of actin, the delta1-nitrogen of the methylated H73 forms a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl of G158. This hydrogen bond spans the gap separating subdomains 2 and 4, thereby contributing to the forces that close the interdomain cleft around the ATP polyphosphate tail. A second hydrogen bond stabilizing interdomain closure exists between R183 and Y69. In the closed-to-open transition in beta-actin, both of these hydrogen bonds are broken as the phosphate tail is exposed to solvent. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of a mutant beta-actin (H73A) expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The properties of the mutant are compared to those of wild-type beta-actin, also expressed in yeast. Yeast does not have the methyl transferase necessary to methylate recombinant beta-actin. Thus, the polymerization properties of yeast-expressed wild-type beta-actin can be compared with normally methylated beta-actin isolated from calf thymus. Since earlier studies of the actin ATPase almost invariably employed rabbit skeletal alpha-actin, this isoform was included in these comparative studies on the polymerization, ATP hydrolysis, and phosphate release of actin. It was found that H73A-actin exchanged ATP at an increased rate, and was less stable than yeast-expressed wild-type actin, indicating that the mutation affects the spatial relationship between the two domains of actin which embrace the nucleotide. At physiological concentrations of Mg(2+), the kinetics of ATP hydrolysis of the mutant actin were unaffected, but polymer formation was delayed. The comparison of methylated and unmethylated beta-actin revealed that in the absence of a methyl group on H73, ATP hydrolysis and phosphate release occurred prior to, and seemingly independently of, filament formation. The comparison of beta and alpha-actin revealed differences in the timing and relative rates of ATP hydrolysis and P(i)-release.
Sliding-Mode Robot Control With Exponential Reaching Law

In this paper, sliding-mode control is applied on multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems. A novel approach is proposed, which allows chattering reduction on control input while keeping high tracking performance of the controller in steady-state regime. This approach consists of designing a nonlinear reaching law by using an exponential function that dynamically adapts to the variations of the controlled system. Experimental study was focused on a MIMO modular robot arm. Experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, regarding particularly the chattering reduction on control input in steady-state regime.
Smokers and Nonsmokers Chromosomal Alterations in Lung Adenocarcinoma from Updated

The etiology of lung tumors arising in nonsmokers remains unclear. Although mutations in the K-ras and p53 genes have been reported to be significantly higher in smoking-related lung carcinomas, in the present study we performed a more comprehensive analysis in search of additional genetic changes between lung adenocarcinoma from tobaccoand non-tobacco-exposed patients. We selected a matched cohort of 18 lifetime nonsmoking and 27 smoking patients diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung and searched for chromosomal alterations in each tumor by testing normal and tumor tissue with 54 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers located on 28 different chromosomal arms. Allelic losses or gains at chromosomal arms 3p (37 versus6%), 6q (46 versus 12%), 9p (65versus22%), 16p (28versus0%), 17p (45versus11%), and 19p (58versus16%) were present significantly more often in adenocarcinomas from smokers than from nonsmokers. Chromosomal arms showing allelic imbalance in lung tumors from nonsmokers were rare but occurred more often at 19q (22%), 12p (22%), and 9p (22%). The FAL (fractional allelic loss or gain) is defined as the percentage of chromosomal arm losses/gains among the total informative chromosomal arms. Tumors from smokers harbored higher levels of FAL (13 (48%) of 27 showed FAL > 0.3) compared with the lung tumors from the nonsmoker patients (2 (11%) of 18 showed FAL> 0.3; P 5 0.02; odds ratio, 0.13;95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.79). Our data demonstrate that widespread chromosomal abnormalities are frequent in lung adenocarcinoma from smokers, whereas these abnormalities are infrequent in such tumors arising in nonsmokers. These observations support the notion that lung cancers in nonsmokers arise through genetic alterations distinct from the common events observed in tumors from smokers.
Impact of Passive Laboratory Alerts on Navigating Electronic Health Records in Intensive Care Simulations

Passive alerts highlighting abnormal results in the electronic health record (EHR) are abundant. However, their impact on EHR use and contribution to alert fatigue remains unknown. We examined the impact of passive laboratory alerts on EHR usability and recognition of patient safety issues during a simulated intensive care unit (ICU) rounding exercise. We performed a post hoc comparison of simulated ICU rounding exercises, comparing performance with and without passive laboratory alerts. Participants (physician trainees and advanced practice providers) reviewed EHRs depicting critically ill patients, which included multiple embedded patient safety issues. We employed eye tracking during chart review to determine the impact of alerts on EHR navigation. 92 simulations were reviewed, 46 with passive alerts activated. Passive alerts were associated with reduced gaze fixations on both normal and abnormal laboratory results. Activation of alerts was also associated with increased time to first fixation on abnormal results and increased saccadic eye movements. Alerts had no impact on either the duration spent reviewing laboratory results or identification of patient safety issues. Activating passive alerts in the EHR was associated with increase scanning behavior, which may explain why reductions in gaze fixations on lab results did not translate into improved efficiency or performance. This may be due to alert fatigue in the form of oversearching.
How Much Would Banks Be Willing to Pay to Become 'Too-Big-to-Fail' and to Capture Other Benefits

This paper examines an important aspect of the "too-big-to-fail" (TBTF) policy employed by regulatory agencies in the United States. How much is it worth to become TBTF? How much has the TBTF status added to bank shareholders' wealth? Using market and accounting data during the merger boom (1991-2004) when larger banks greatly expanded their size through mergers and acquisitions, we find that banking organizations are willing to pay an added premium for mergers that will put them over the asset sizes that are commonly viewed as the thresholds for being TBTF. We estimate at least $14 billion in added premiums for the nine merger deals that brought the organizations over $100 billion in total assets. These added premiums may reflect that perceived benefits of being TBTF and/or other potential benefits associated with size.
EMG-based teleoperation and manipulation with the DLR LWR-III

In this paper we describe and practically demonstrate a robotic arm/hand system that is controlled in realtime in 6D Cartesian space through measured human muscular activity. The soft-robotics control architecture of the robotic system ensures safe physical human robot interaction as well as stable behaviour while operating in an unstructured environment. Muscular control is realised via surface electromyography, a non-invasive and simple way to gather human muscular activity from the skin. A standard supervised machine learning system is used to create a map from muscle activity to hand position, orientation and grasping force which then can be evaluated in real time—the existence of such a map is guaranteed by gravity compensation and low-speed movement. No kinematic or dynamic model of the human arm is necessary, which makes the system quickly adaptable to anyone. Numerical validation shows that the system achieves good movement precision. Live evaluation and demonstration of the system during a robotic trade fair is reported and confirms the validity of the approach, which has potential applications in muscle-disorder rehabilitation or in teleoperation where a close-range, safe master/slave interaction is required, and/or when optical/magnetic position tracking cannot be enforced.
A 220-225.9 GHz InP HBT Single-Chip PLL

We present a 220 GHz fundamental PLL, based on a 220 GHz VCO, 2:1 dynamic frequency divider, fifth-order sub-harmonic phase detector, active loop filter, and output amplifier, fabricated in an InP HBT technology. The measured PLL locking range was 220.0 to 225.9 GHz, with -83 dBc/Hz of phase noise at a 100 KHz offset, while consuming 465.3 mW. The PLL occupies 1.1 mm2 including pads.
Low Complexity Indoor Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks by UWB and Inertial Data Fusion

Precise indoor localization of moving targets is a challenging activity which cannot be easily accomplished without combining different sources of information. In this sense, the combination of different data sources with an appropriate filter might improve both positioning and tracking performance. This work proposes an algorithm for hybrid positioning in Wireless Sensor Networks based on data fusion of UWB and inertial information. A constant-gain Steady State Kalman Filter is used to bound the complexity of the system, simplifying its implementation on a typical low-power WSN node. The performance of the presented data fusion algorithm has been evaluated in a realistic scenario using both simulations and realistic datasets. The obtained results prove the validity of this approach, which efficiently fuses different positioning data sources, reducing the localization error.
Low power cache architecture with security mechanism

Embedded cryptographic devices not only suffer from traditional physical side channel attacks, but also undergo software cache-based side channel attacks recently. The attacks can easily get the user's confidential data via information leakage in caches, and don't require any special instruments. Among existing countermeasures, software solutions can defend the attacks perfectly while leading to significant performance degradation. Hardware solutions are very effective in reducing performance overhead while their structures are complex. This paper presents a novel easily implemented cache architecture which has an added small cache and adopts certain operation mechanism. Compared with traditional cache architecture, it has reduction in miss rate ranging between 20% and 50%, and has about 8.5% of reduction in power consumption, and is secure at the same time. This paper presents both theoretical analysis and experimental results. In our experiments, the MiBench suite is used to evaluate the cache performance of miss rate and energy consumption, and the security of cache is also analyzed. It also supplies the result of Synopsys Design Compiler of the RTL cache code under the 0. 18µm CMOS technology.
A new convergence property of online BP learning

The feedforward neural networks trained with the online backpropagation (BP) learning algorithm have been widely studied in various areas of scientific research and engineering applications. In this paper we further study the convergence property of the online BP learning algorithm. Unlike the existing convergence analysis mainly focusing on the convergence of the gradient sequence of the error functions, we prove a convergence theorem for the sequence of the error functions itself.
Mobile Landscapes: Using Location Data from Cell Phones for Urban Analysis

The technology for determining the geographic location of cell phones and other handheld devices is becoming increasingly available. It is opening the way to a wide range of applications, collectively referred to as location-based services (LBS), that are primarily aimed at individual users. However, if deployed to retrieve aggregated data in cities, LBS could become a powerful tool for urban analysis. In this paper we aim to review and introduce the potential of this technology to the urban planning community. In addition, we present the ‘Mobile Landscapes' project: an application in the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy, based on the geographical mapping of cell phone usage at different times of the day. The results enable a graphic representation of the intensity of urban activities and their evolution through space and time. Finally, a number of future applications are discussed and their potential for urban studies and planning is assessed.
Nutritional Aspects of Treatment in Epileptic Patients

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by interruption of normal neuronal functions that is manifested by behavioral disorders, changing of awareness level, and presence of some sensory, autonomic and motor symptoms or signs. It is resulted from many different causes. Many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are considered to manage epileptic attacks. Some of them change metabolism and absorption of many nutrients. Therefore, epileptic patients may be in higher risk of nutrient deficiency and its unwelcome effects. In the present paper, we intend to review the relationship between nutrition and epilepsy in two aspects. In one aspect we discuss the nutritional status in epileptic patients, the causes of nutritional deficiencies and the way of compensation of the nutrient deficiencies. It will guide these patients to have a healthy life. In another aspect we explain the role of some nutrients and specific diets in management of epileptic attacks. It can help to better control of epileptic attacks in these patients.
Sex Differences in the Rates of Recovery, Treatment-Seeking, and Natural Recovery in Pathological Gambling: Results From an Australian Community-Based Twin Survey

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the rates of recovery, treatment-seeking, and natural recovery from pathological gambling (PG) in men and women in a community-based national survey, and to examine the role of gambling problem recognition in recovery from PG. Participants were 4,764 individuals from a community-based Australian national twin registry (104 with a lifetime history of PG) who were administered a structured psychiatric telephone interview. Women were more likely than men to recover from (56% versus 36%; odds ratio = 2.3) and to seek treatment for PG (32% versus 13%; odds ratio = 3.2). Most individuals who recovered from PG did so without treatment (82%), but this was higher among men than among women (92% versus 57%; odds ratio = 5.3). This is the first study to document sex differences in treatment-seeking and recovery from PG. These findings highlight the value in continuing to develop self-help and brief treatments for PG that will appeal to those who are unlikely to seek formal help.
Large Number Hypothesis: A Review

Large dimensionless numbers, arising out of ratios of various physical constants, intrigued many scientists, especially Dirac. Relying on the coincidence of large numbers, Dirac arrived at the revolutionary hypothesis that the gravitational constant $G$ should vary inversely as the cosmic time $t$. This hypothesis of Dirac, known as Large Number Hypothesis (LNH), sparked off many speculations, arguments and new ideas in terms of applications. Works done by several authors with LNH as their basic platform are reviewed in this work. Relationship between some of those works are pointed out here. Possibility of time-variations of physical constants other than $G$ are also discussed.
Profiting from collaborative innovation practices: Identifying organizational success factors along the process

Research on innovation management has pointed out that the capitalization of collaborative innovation practices is influenced by firms’ internal context. This paper aims to answer the following question: which organizational factors help to overcome the challenges that firms face in the different phases of the collaborative innovation process? For this purpose, previous literature is revised and three case studies are analyzed by means of applying a framework that structures the collaborative innovation process in three areas of relevance (i.e., development, integration and commercialization of the innovation). The results of the analysis inform the proposal of a theoretical framework that identifies the organizational context factors that determine the success or failure of collaborative innovation practices in each of the stages of the process.
Analysis of Aggregate Interference and Primary System Performance in Finite Area Cognitive Radio Networks

This paper considers the analytical performance of primary users (PUs) subject to interference due to secondary users (SU) in an underlay cognitive radio system over Rayleigh fading. In particular, we focus on a more general spatial configuration where the interfered PU, not only located at the center of the cell, is having a protective region which is free of SUs and the SUs are distributed over a finite area in contrast to the commonly used infinite area assumption. We first characterize the statistical properties of the aggregate interference at the PU due to SUs, by deriving new exact closed form expressions for the moment generating function, cumulants, first, second and third moments and first order expansions of the cumulative distribution functions corresponding to propagation scenarios with path loss factors, two and four. We then investigate the PU performance by presenting new analytical expressions for the outage probability, amount of fading as well as the diversity order and coding gain. Our results indicate that the PU can achieve the full diversity gain given a non-zero protective region around the PU.
A multi-level approach for network design of integrated supply chains

Integrated e-supply chains are distributed manufacturing systems composed of various resources belonging to different companies and integrated with streamlined material, information and financial flow. The configuration of the supply-chain network is essential for business to pursue a competitive advantage and to meet the market demand. This paper proposes a three-level hierarchical methodology for a supply chain network design at the planning-management level. The integrated supply chain network is described as a set of consecutive stages connected by communication and transportation links, and the configuration aim consists in selecting the actors of the stages on the basis of transportation connection and information flow. More precisely, the first level evaluates the performance of the entities candidate to join the network and singles out efficient elements. The second level solves a multi-criteria integer linear optimization problem to configure the network. Finally, the third level is devoted to evaluating and validating the solution proposed in the first two levels. The overall decision process is the result of the interaction of the modules that are dedicated to each decision level. The paper presents some optimization techniques to synthesize the first two levels and illustrates the hierarchical decision process by way of a case study.
A high-resolution study of isotopic composition and chemical abundances of blue horizontal branch stars in the globular clusters NGC 6397 and NGC 6752

Aims. Large abundance anomalies have been previously detected in Horizontal Branch B-type stars. It has been suggested that at Teff > 11 000 K the stellar atmospheres become susceptible to diffusion effects and thus develop surface abundances similar to those that appear in the main-sequence, chemically peculiar group of A and B-type stars. We present the first high-resolution study of isotopic anomalies and chemical abundances in six Horizontal Branch B-type stars in globular clusters NGC 6397 and NGC 6752 and compare them to those observed in HgMn stars. Methods. We obtained high-resolution (up to R ∼ 115 000) UVES spectra of a representative sample of six B-type stars (T183, T191, T193, B652, B2151, B2206) with sharp spectral lines (v sini ≤ 10 km s −1 ). The stars T183 and B2151 were observed on two consecutive nights to examine potential spectrum variability. A detailed spectrum analysis was done relying on Kurucz ATLAS9 and ATLAS12 models. The spectra were analysed using the SYNTHE code to generate synthetic spectra. Results. It is the first time an abundance analysis is performed for all elements for which spectral lines were detected in UVES spectra of Horizontal Branch B-type stars. Our study of these stars revealed no signs of He isotopic anomalies, which would produce a 3 He/ 4 He ratio different from the solar one. The isotopic anomaly of Ca is detected in all six studied stars. The chemical abundance analysis reveals an overabundance over the solar values of P, Ti, Mn, Fe, and Y and an overabundance over the cluster metallicity of Mg, Ca, and Cr. This behaviour is very similar in all six stars of both clusters with a few exceptions: the Na abundance is larger by more than 1.4 dex than the cluster metallicity in B652, and by more than 0.8 dex greater than the cluster metallicity in B2206; the Co abundance is 1.0 dex over the solar abundance for T191, while Zr is overabundant over the solar abundance by 0.4 dex in B2206. No lines of Hg or other heavy elements were observed in the spectra. Weak emission lines of Ti ii, similar to those frequently observed in HgMn stars have been discovered in one Horizontal Branch B-type star T191. Furthermore, we detected a radial velocity change of 0.9 km s −1 from one night to the next for T183 and 0.4 km s −1 for B2151. Further high-resolution observations are needed to examine whether both stars are spectroscopic binaries.
Evolving Macroeconomic Perceptions and the Term Structure of Interest Rates

We explore the role of evolving beliefs regarding the structure of the macroeconomy in improving our understanding of the term structure of interest rates within the context of a simple macro-finance model. Using quarterly vintages of real-time data and survey forecasts for the United States over the past 40 years, we show that a recursively estimated VAR on real GDP growth, inflation and the nominal short-term interest rate generates predictions that are more consistent with survey forecasts than a benchmark fixed-coefficient counterpart. We then estimate a simple term structure model under the assumption that investor risk attitude is driven by near-term expectations of the three state variables. When we allow for evolving beliefs about the macroeconomy, the resulting term structure model provides a better fit to the cross section of yields than the benchmark model, especially at longer maturities, and exhibits better performance in out-of-sample predictions of future yield movements.
Wave-Style Token Machines and Quantum Lambda Calculi

Particle-style token machines are a way to interpret proofs and programs, when the latter are defined according to the principles of linear logic. In this paper, we show that token machines also make sense when the programs at hand are those of a simple linear quantum $\lambda$-calculus. This, however, requires generalizing the concept of a token machine to one in which more than one particle can possibly travel around the term at the same time. This is intimately related to entanglement and allows to give a simple operational semantics to the calculus coherently with the principles of quantum computation.