Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Types of communication about delusions among people with psychosis : a multi-centre cross sectional interview and record study

Background: Delusions are common in psychosis, defined as fixed, false beliefs. Some studies, however, have found that they may be less fixed than previously thought, possibly changing in response to talking about them. Relatives of people with psychosis or clinical staff often ask how to respond to them when they talk about their delusions, but no available advice appears to be evidence based. Aims: To review evidence on everyday communication about delusions and find out how people with delusions talk about them with others, taking three perspectives (patients, their nominated relatives and clinicians) and to construct a model for communication in relation to the delusion according to each party independently. Methods: 36 patients were engaged in semi-structured interviews about their mental state generally (Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale) and their delusion (Maudsley Assessment of Delusions Schedule). Each patient was asked to nominate a relative and a professional to whom s/he spoke about the delusion. Relatives and staff were interviewed by different researchers. Results: Most patients reported speaking to others about their delusion and nominated an informant. Most felt emotionally disturbed by their delusions, but, against prediction, this did not affect nomination; nor did their delusion content. There was good agreement between the three parties on occurrence of such communication. Some patients had self-harmed; only some relatives or staff concurred with them on attributing this to the delusion. A testable hypothesis was generated that the intrusiveness of delusions resulted in personal change for the patient and sense of changed relationship and detachment for the others. Conclusions: No previous study has investigated communication about delusions between three parties. It was striking that so few relatives were engaged. If patients, their families and clinicians could improve mutual understanding of delusions, the safety of the patient and others as well as treatment might be improved.
Rectangular Ring Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra-wide Band Applications

The printed antenna is one of the best antenna structures, due to its low cost and compact design. In this paper, we present a new approach to improve the radiation effectiveness and the performance of antennas by miniaturization of the size. Indeed, we have studied the performance of ultra wideband antenna which consists of a ring-shaped patch. This study was made for the whole frequency band of UWB ranging from 2.5GHz to 9.4GHz and the geometry of the antenna and the results were obtained using the simulation software CST Studio microwaves. The detailed design and the results are shown and discussed in this paper.
Testing the construct validity of the PICTS proactive and reactive scores against six putative measures of proactive and reactive criminal thinking

ABSTRACT This study tested the construct validity of the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) Proactive (P) and Reactive (R) scores. The layperson version of the PICTS was administered to 277 (65 male, 212 female) undergraduates and correlated with putative measures of proactive and reactive criminal thinking. The hypothesis that P and the proactive scales would correlate ≥. 30 in zero-order correlations and regression equations controlling for R, whereas R and the reactive scales would correlate ≥. 30 in zero-order correlations and regression equations controlling for P found support in this study. This corroborates the construct validity of the PICTS P and R scores and indicates that self-report measures of moral disengagement and neutralization, on the one hand, and impulsivity and risk taking, on the other hand, may serve as effective proxies for proactive and reactive criminal thinking, respectively.
Effects of a synthetic bioactive peptide on neurite growth and nerve growth factor release in chondroitin sulfate hydrogels

Previous work has revealed robust dorsal root ganglia neurite growth in hydrogels of chondroitin sulfate. In the current work, it was determined whether addition of a synthetic bioactive peptide could augment neurite growth in these matrices via enhanced binding and sequestering of growth factors. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching studies revealed that addition of peptide slowed nerve growth factor diffusivity in chondroitin sulfate gels, but not in control gels of hyaluronic acid. Furthermore, cultures of chick dorsal root ganglia in gels of hyaluronic acid or chondroitin sulfate revealed enhanced growth in chondroitin sulfate gels only upon addition of peptide. Taken together, these results suggest a synergistic nerve growth factor-binding activity between this peptide and chondroitin sulfate.
Tracking irregularly moving objects based on alert-enabling sensor model in sensor networks

Tracking moving objects is one of the important applications in sensor networks. A key issue in designing such sensor applications is to reduce energy consumption as the available power of a sensor is supplied by a battery and is limited. Many methods have been proposed to track moving objects, however, the improvement in energy consumption is still insignificant, particularly for those moving objects with irregularly moving behavior. In this paper, we tackle the object tracking problem under the theme of minimizing energy consumption for sensor networks. We first design an alert-enabling sensor model so that distributed sensors are able to participate in the decision making for tracking objects. We then propose a novel alert-based object tracking (AbOT) scheme, to minimize the consumed energy for the object tracking applications. Our performance results reveal that AbOT can significantly save energy and still have high accuracy under various conditions.
Classification of Insomnia Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System: A Systematic Review

A systematic review was conducted to examine traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns commonly diagnosed in subjects with insomnia and clinical features associated with the TCM patterns, and an insomnia symptom checklist for TCM diagnostic purpose was developed based on the review. Two independent researchers searched the China Academic Journals Full-Text Database and 10 English databases. A total of 103 studies and 9499 subjects were analyzed. There was a wide variation in terminology relating to symptomatology and TCM pattern. We identified 69 patterns, with the top 3 patterns (i.e., deficiency of both the heart and spleen, hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, and liver-qi stagnation transforming into fire) and the top 10 patterns covering 51.8% and 77.4% of the 9499 subjects, respectively. There were 19 sleep-related, 92 non-sleep-related, 14 tongue, and 7 pulse features included as diagnostic criteria of the top 10 TCM patterns for insomnia. Excessive dreaming, dizziness, red tongue, and fine pulse were the most common sleep-related, non-sleep-related, tongue, and pulse features. Overlapping symptomatology between the TCM patterns was present. A standardized symptom checklist consisted of 92 items, including 13 sleep-related, 61 non-sleep-related, 11 tongue, and 7 pulse items, holds promise as a diagnostic tool and merits further validation.
Eye Movements Reveal Interplay Between Noun Capitalization and Word Class During Reading

Subjects' eye movements were recorded while they read sentences for comprehension. Sentences were presented with capitalized nouns—in agreement with German spelling rules—or completely in lowercase. Overall reading speed was not influenced by the manipulation of capitalization, but fixation durations were affected by the interplay between capitalization and the word classes of the fixated and the succeeding word. As expected, fixations were shorter for capitalized than lowercase nouns, but unexpectedly they were longer when the upcoming word was also a noun. This modulation was reduced when all words were printed completely in lowercase. We interpret the results as evidence for distributed processing across several words. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
Stochastic Modeling of Budding Yeast Cell Cycle

This report presents the definition, solution and validation of a stochastic model of the budding yeast cell cycle, based on Stochastic Petri Nets. A well-established deterministic model, based on ODEs, is considered as the basis for the stochastic modeling. A specific class of Stochastic Petri Nets is selected for building a stochastic version of the deterministic model, with applying the same abstractions of biological phenomena as the ones adopted in the deterministic model. We describe in the report the procedure followed in defining the SPN model from the deterministic one, a procedure that can be largely automated. The validation of the SPN model is conducted with respect to both the results provided by the deterministic one and the results available from wet-lab experiments. A very good match is obtained for the budding yeast wild type and for a variety of mutants that have been experimentally constructed in wet-labs. The results of the two models were compared against experimental data. We show that the stochasticity allows predicting characteristics that cannot be determined with the deterministic model. Moreover, we also show that the stochastic model can fine-tune the results of the deterministic model, enriching the breadth and the quality of the model. This is the preliminary version of a paper that was published in Journal of Theoretical Biology. The original publication is available at http://www.elsevier. com/wps/find/journaldescription. cws_home/622904/description\#description
Climate-induced interannual variability of marine primary and export production in three global coupled climate carbon cycle models

Fully coupled climate carbon cycle models are sophisticated tools that are used to predict future climate change and its impact on the land and ocean carbon cycles. These models should be able to adequately represent natural variability, requiring model validation by observations. The present study focuses on the ocean carbon cycle component, in particular the spatial and temporal variability in net primary productivity (PP) and export production (EP) of particulate organic carbon (POC). Results from three coupled climate carbon cycle models (IPSL, MPIM, NCAR) are compared with observation-based estimates derived from satellite measurements of ocean colour and results from inverse modelling (data assimilation). Satellite observations of ocean colour have shown that temporal variability of PP on the global scale is largely dominated by the permanently stratified, low-latitude ocean (Behrenfeld et al., 2006) with stronger stratification (higher sea surface temperature; SST) being associated with negative PP anomalies. Results from all three coupled models confirm the role of the low-latitude, permanently stratified ocean for anomalies in globally integrated PP, but only one model (IPSL) also reproduces the inverse relationship between stratification (SST) and PP. An adequate representation of iron and macronutrient co-limitation of phytoplankton growth in the tropical ocean has shown to be the crucial mechanism determining the capability of the models to reproduce observed interactions between climate and PP.
Mbt, a Drosophila PAK protein, combines with Cdc42 to regulate photoreceptor cell morphogenesis

The Drosophila gene mushroom bodies tiny (mbt) encodes a putative p21-activated kinase (PAK), a family of proteins that has been implicated in a multitude of cellular processes including regulation of the cytoskeleton, cell polarisation, control of MAPK signalling cascades and apoptosis. The mutant phenotype of mbt is characterised by fewer neurones in the brain and the eye, indicating a role of the protein in cell proliferation, differentiation or survival. We show that mutations in mbt interfere with photoreceptor cell morphogenesis. Mbt specifically localises at adherens junctions of the developing photoreceptor cells. A structure-function analysis of the Mbt protein in vitro and in vivo revealed that the Mbt kinase domain and the GTPase binding domain, which specifically interacts with GTP-loaded Cdc42, are important for Mbt function. Besides regulation of kinase activity, another important function of Cdc42 is to recruit Mbt to adherens junctions. We propose a role for Mbt as a downstream effector of Cdc42 in photoreceptor cell morphogenesis.
Rapid Rotation of Ultra-Li-depleted Halo Stars and Their Association with Blue Stragglers

Observations of 18 halo main-sequence turnoff stars, four of which are extremely deficient in Li, show that three of the Li-poor ones have substantial line broadening. We attribute this to stellar rotation. Despite the great ages of halo stars, for G202-65, BD +51°1817, and Wolf 550 we infer v sin i = 8.3 ± 0.4, 7.6 ± 0.3, and 5.5 ± 0.6 km s-1, respectively. The stated errors are 3 σ. For CD -31°19466 we derive a 3 σ upper limit v sin i < 2.2 km s-1. The three rotating stars are known spectroscopic binaries. We explain the high rotation velocities in terms of mass and angular momentum transfer onto the surface of the turnoff star from an initially more massive donor. Estimates of the specific angular momentum of accreted material indicate that quite small transfer masses could have been involved, although the unknown subsequent spin-down of the accretor prevents us from assigning definitive values for each star. The accretor is now seen as an ultra-Li-deficient star whose origin makes it a low-mass counterpart of field blue stragglers. The Li could have been destroyed before or during the mass transfer episode. Such objects must be avoided in studies of the primordial Li abundance and in investigations into the way normal single stars process their initial Li.
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Public–private Partnerships versus Traditional Procurement: an Experimental Investigation

JEL classification: D86 L33 H11 Keywords: Public–private partnerships Procurement Incomplete contracts Experiment a b s t r a c t A government agency wants an infrastructure-based public service to be provided. Our experimental study compares two different modes of provision. In a public–private partnership , the two tasks of building the infrastructure and operating it are delegated to one private contractor (a consortium), while under traditional procurement, these tasks are delegated to separate contractors. We find support for the theoretical prediction that, compared to traditional procurement, a public–private partnership provides stronger incentives to make cost-reducing investments (which may increase or decrease service quality). In two additional treatments, we study governance structures which explicitly take subcontracting within private consortia into account.
Chapter 5. L2 fluency development in formal instruction and study abroad: The role of initial fluency level and language contact

This chapter examines L2 fluency development across Formal Instruction (FI) and Study Abroad (SA) learning periods, thus investigating one of the research questions in the SALA Project, namely whether a three-month SA after a FI period results in significant benefits. The longitudinal approach in the present study focuses both on the period abroad and on the FI periods before and after SA. In addition, we also examined the impact of onset level and language contact profiles on development. L2 fluency improved significantly over time, with gains being mainly obtained during SA. Lower initial fluency levels and greater language contact were associated with fluency gains during SA, but did not fully explain the differential impact of FI and SA on fluency development.
On doing two things at once: III. Confirmation of perfect timesharing when simultaneous tasks are ideomotor compatible.

A. G. Greenwald and H. G. Shulman (see record 1974-10326-001) found that 2 tasks characterized by ideomotor (IM) compatibility could be perfectly timeshared (i.e., performed simultaneously without mutual interference). The 2 tasks were pronouncing "A" or "B" in response to hearing those letter names, and making a manual left or right response to seeing a left- or right-positioned arrow. M. -C. Lien, R. W. Proctor, and P. A. Allen (2002) did not replicate Greenwald and Shulman's result, and concluded that their finding of perfect timesharing of 2 IM-compatible tasks might not be replicable. In the present research, Experiment 1 replicated Greenwald and Shulman's 1973 finding while also supporting the conclusion that Lien et al's nonreplication was due to their not instructing subjects to make 2 responses simultaneously in their timeshared task. Experiment 2 again replicated the perfect timesharing finding, using an alternative control procedure that mixed manual and vocal tasks in the same block. ((c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved)
On Schrödinger Equations with Concentrated Nonlinearities

Abstract Schrodinger equations with nonlinearities concentrated in some regions of space are good models of various physical situations and have interesting mathematical properties. We show that in the semiclassical limit it is possible to separate the relevant degrees of freedom by noting that in the regions where the nonlinearities are effective all states are suppressed but the metastable ones (resonances). In this way the description of the nonlinear regions is reduced to ordinary differential equations weakly coupled to standard Schrodinger equations valid in the linear regions. The idea is illustrated through the study of a prototype equation recently proposed for resonant tunneling of electrons through a double barrier heterostructure and for which nonlinear oscillations have been numerically predicted.
EVOLUTION OF KENYA'S MAIZE MARKETING SYSTEMS IN THE POST-LIBERALIZATION ERA

The objectives of this paper are to: (1) identify the pattern of private sector investment in the maize marketing system since the reforms were initiated and evaluate the extent of private sector response to the reforms; (2) assess how maize prices and marketing margins have changed in response to the market reforms; (3) identify market-oriented mechanisms that have evolved in the current environment to reduce vulnerability of farmers, traders and consumers to price and expenditure instability; and (4) identify strategies that the government and private sector could implement to effectively promote the development of the evolving market oriented food systems.
Streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin Z, a novel acidic superantigenic toxin produced by a T1 strain of Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus pyogenes T1 was previously found to produce an acidic mitogenic exotoxin, designated A beta, antigenically distinct from erythrogenic toxin type A (ETA) of strains T1 and NY5. Following chemical analysis and biological characterization, we have renamed this toxin streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin Z (SMEZ). Physicochemical separation of SMEZ from ETA was successfully performed on a hydrophobic chromatograph. The isoelectric point was pH 5.3, and the molecular size was estimated to be 28 kDa. These values were similar to those of ETA, but the amino acid composition and the NH2-terminal sequence of SMEZ were distinct from those of any mitogenic exotoxins hitherto described. Its mitogenic activity was found to be more potent than that of ETA in rabbit lymphocyte cultures. A specific antiserum raised against SMEZ did not cross-react with ETA, ETB, or ETC in the neutralization tests of mitogenic and erythrogenic activities. Its superantigenic nature was evident from the reverse transcriptase PCR findings of the T-cell receptor Vbeta profiles of rabbit lymphocytes stimulated in vitro. The Vbeta 8 subfamily was unique to SMEZ, while the Vbeta 2 and 6 subfamilies were found to be common among lymphocytes stimulated with ETA, ETB, ETC, or SMEZ. The results from this study provide an additional example of the diversity that exists among mitogenic or superantigenic exotoxins of streptococcal origin.
Mechanical Properties and Cytocompatibility Improvement of Vertebroplasty PMMA Bone Cements by Incorporating Mineralized Collagen

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is a commonly used bone adhesive and filling material in percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty surgeries. However, PMMA bone cements have been reported to cause some severe complications, such as secondary fracture of adjacent vertebral bodies, and loosening or even dislodgement of the set PMMA bone cement, due to the over-high elastic modulus and poor osteointegration ability of the PMMA. In this study, mineralized collagen (MC) with biomimetic microstructure and good osteogenic activity was added to commercially available PMMA bone cement products, in order to improve both the mechanical properties and the cytocompatibility. As the compressive strength of the modified bone cements remained well, the compressive elastic modulus could be significantly down-regulated by the MC, so as to reduce the pressure on the adjacent vertebral bodies. Meanwhile, the adhesion and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts on the modified bone cements were improved compared with cells on those unmodified, such result is beneficial for a good osteointegration formation between the bone cement and the host bone tissue in clinical applications. Moreover, the modification of the PMMA bone cements by adding MC did not significantly influence the injectability and processing times of the cement.
Commentary Qjm Is Parkinson's Disease a Primary Olfactory Disorder?

It has been known for over 30 years that olfactory brain via the nasal route, but the reason for olfactory dysfunction may be more subtle. Evidence for olfact-function is disordered in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). The severity and partial specificity of ory disturbance is reviewed from pathological, psychological, neurophysiological and genetic stand-anosmia was not realized until recently, with the advent of more detailed analysis and sophisticated points. It is proposed that the initial causative event in IPD may start in the rhinencephalon (olfactory measurement. The olfactory vector hypothesis suggests that the causative agent for IPD enters the brain) prior to damage in the basal ganglia.
Digital Atlas of Anatomical Subdivisions and Boundaries of the Rat Hippocampal Region

The rat hippocampal region is frequently studied in relation to learning and memory processes and brain diseases. The region is complex, consisting of multiple subdivisions that are challenging to delineate anatomically. Published atlases of the rat brain typically lack the underlying histological criteria necessary to identify boundaries, and textbooks descriptions of the region are often inadequately illustrated and thus difficult to relate to experimental data. An overview of both anatomical features and criteria used to delineate boundaries is required to assign location to experimental material from the hippocampal region. To address this issue, we have developed a web-based atlas application in which images of histological sections are integrated with new and up-to-date criteria for subdividing the rat hippocampus formation, fasciola, and associated parahippocampal regions. The atlas application consists of an interactive image viewer with high-resolution images of an extensive series of sections stained for NeuN, calbindin, and parvalbumin, and an index of structures with detailed descriptions of the criteria used to define the boundaries. Images can be inspected with a graphical overlay of selected subregions. Bi-directional links between images and the index of structures are provided. In summary, we provide a novel content-rich digital atlas resource facilitating identification of morphological features relevant for delineating the anatomical subdivisions of the rat hippocampal region. The atlas application is available at http://www.rbwb. org.