Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A needs assessment survey for clinical competency committee (CCC) faculty development

Background. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires training programs to have a clinical competency committee (CCC) that regularly reviews each house officer’s performance. Objective. To identify areas for CCC faculty development via a survey of CCC faculty. Methods. An anonymous online survey was sent to CCC faculty of ACGME-accredited residency and fellowship programs at our large academic institution. Results. Response rate was 42% (177 of 417 identified CCC members). Respondents were from residency (51%) and fellowship (49%) programs. Fifty-nine percent (104 of 177) reported that more time during CCC meetings was spent discussing low performers whereas 41% (73 of 177) responded that equal time was spent discussing high and low performers. Fifty-four percent of respondents (95 of 177) reported being unaware of CCC resources available through the ACGME and 59% (104 of 177) indicated that faculty development sessions on CCC resources and best practices would be helpful. Seventy-two percent of respondents (128 of 177) thought that incorporation of a CCC had a positive impact on house officer assessment. Conclusions. A survey of CCC members at our institution indicates that faculty believe CCC review is a valuable component of house officer assessment. Further faculty development is needed to increase familiarity with available CCC resources and best practices.
Implementation Failure of Truancy Statutes in the Fourth Judicial Circuit of Florida: A Case Study in Street-Level Bureaucracy

This research utilizes the case study method to examine the effectiveness of truancy statutes recently implemented in Florida's Fourth Judicial Circuit prior to the 1999-2000 school year. The statutes were implemented state wide, but this study concentrates on the Fourth Judicial Circuit. The Fourth Judicial Circuit in Northeast Florida consists of Duval, Clay, and Nassau Counties. The legislation examined requires individual schools to conduct an initial truancy intervention when a student has accumulated 5 unexcused absences in a calendar month or 10 unexcused absences in any 90-day period. An exploratory case study was conducted that consisted of interviews with school attendance social workers, data collection from the Truancy Arbitration Program run from the State Attorney's Office in each county, and state wide attendance data. An additional Program in the Duval County State Attorney's Office was also studied. Data for three school years, one before the new statutes and two after, were analyzed to see if the implementation of these statutes was successful. The study concludes that the implementation of these new statutes by the schools in the Fourth Judicial Circuit has been a failure. This research demonstrates that the schools are conducting a fraction of the required interventions to students in need and therefore other intervention programs have had a reduction in referrals since the initial intervention in not taking place. Finally, the research also discovered that there seems to
El Sistema General de Regalías: ¿mejoró, empeoró o quedó igual?

Este documento revisa las asignaciones presupuestales del primer ano de vigencia del Sistema General de Regalias (SGR). Los resultados muestran elementos positivos en materia de distribucion y equidad territorial de las regalias. Sin embargo, existen algunos aspectos sobre la aprobacion de proyectos que atrasan la ejecucion y no necesariamente aseguran que los seleccionados sean los mas adecuados. Ademas, no hay evidencia que el sistema involucre un analisis de la sostenibilidad de las inversiones y se observa cierta pereza fiscal en algunos departamentos, especialmente aquellos que antes no recibian recursos de regalias. Finalmente, el estudio del departamento del Cesar muestra que en algunos casos las regalias se siguen invirtiendo en proyectos de infraestructura sin un impacto claro y cuya sostenibilidad no esta asegurada. A pesar que este tipo de inversiones era una de las motivaciones que llevo a la creacion del SGR, estos siguen dominando la asignacion de recursos.
Autophagy-related gene LRRK2 is likely a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus in northern Han Chinese

Autophagy is associated with various immune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Seven variants within autophagy-related genes previously reported to show top association signals by genome-wide association studies in immune diseases were selected for analysis. Initially, 510 SLE patients (631 controls) were enrolled in the study. An additional independent cohort of 511 SLE patients (687 controls) was included for replication. Polymorphism rs2638272 in LRRK2 gene showed significant association with susceptibility to SLE (P = 1.14 × 10−2) within the initial patient population. This was independently replicated (second patient cohort), and was reinforced with combination (P = 2.82 × 10−3). By combining multiple layers of regulatory effects, rs1491941 in high linkage disequilibrium with rs2638272 (r2 = 0.99) was regarded to have the strongest function in LRRK2. The rs1491941 protective A-allele exhibited an increase of nuclear protein binding, and an increase in LRRK2 transcription compared with G-allele. Furthermore, we observed increased transcription levels of LRRK2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SLE patients compared with controls. In conclusion, we have identified a novel genetic association between the autophagy-related LRRK2 gene and susceptibility to SLE. By integrating layers of functional data, we derived the beneficial effect of autophagy on the pathogenesis of SLE.
APPLICATION OF DISCUSSION METHODS TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN CLASS IV STUDENTS IN SDN 084 CIKADUT

This study aims to determine the improvement of student learning outcomes in learning by applying the use of discussion methods in social studies learning with the subject of the map. This research was carried out by applying Classroom Action Research. With the research subject of IVA grade students of SDN 084 Cikadut Bandung with the number of students 20 students. The instruments used in conducting the study included observation sheets of teacher interaction, student interaction, test sheets, interviews and questionnaires on student attitude scale. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that learning by applying the discussion method implemented in three cycles shows an increase in student learning achievement in each cycle. Student Worksheets in cycle 1 are 36% of students who complete learning, cycle 2 56% of students who achieve completeness. Next on the Worksheet 1 cycle group 61% of students completed, cycle 2 84% of students completed. So that it can prove that the application of the discussion method to improve the learning outcomes of fourth grade students in social studies subjects with the main discussion of maps can be carried out quite well and the results of each student have their respective improvements.
KIDS: A Semiautomatic Program Development System

The Kestrel Interactive Development System (KIDS), which provides automated support for the development of correct and efficient programs from formal specifications, is described. The system has components for performing algorithm design, deductive inference, program simplification, partial evaluation, finite differencing optimizations, data type refinement, compilation, and other development operations. Although their application is interactive, all of the KIDS operations are automatic except the algorithm design tactics, which require some interaction at present. Dozens of programs have been derived using the system, and it is believed that KIDS could be developed to the point where it becomes economical to use for routine programming. To illustrate the use of KIDS, the author traces the derivation of an algorithm for enumerating solutions to the k-queens problem. The initial algorithm that KIDS designed takes about 60 minutes on a SUN-4/110 to find all 92 solutions to the 8-queens problem instance. The final optimized version finds the same solutions in under one second. >
Retention of Teachers In Rural Kentucky.

Teacher retention has been of interest to educational researchers for over three decades. Various reasons for special education teacher attrition have been cited, including student discipline and motivation problems, working conditions, low salary, and a lack of administrator support. This descriptive survey research sought to determine the present status of completers of an alternative certification program in mild-moderate disabilities at a state-supported university. The study sought to determine if teachers completing the licensure endorsement program were still teaching in special education programs, why they may have left, and to obtain their perceptions of the preparation program's effectiveness.
Value in tourist experiences: How nature-based experiential styles influence value in climbing

Nature-based adventure experiences constitute a significant segment of the tourism industry and understanding consumers’ conceptualisations of value is crucial. The aim of this study is to understand how the perceived value of the climbing experience differs within the climbing community. Interviews with climbers revealed that multiple aspects of the climbing experience are valued, including efficiency, play, excellence, aesthetics, status, emotion, esteem and authenticity. The results highlight that conceptualisations of value vary with experiential style. The study thus adds to the conversation on what creates value in the climbing experience and how this fluctuates throughout the climbing experience. The study contributes to our understanding of nature-based experiences and to the development and marketing of adventure experiences. The results imply that building a strong climbing image at destinations and being involved in the climbing community represent key issues that contribute to co-creating value in the tourist experience.
Modeling of Rainfall Prediction over Myanmar Using Polynomial Regression

Myanmar is an agricultural country and its economy is largely based upon crop productivity. The occurrence of extreme precipitation variability may lead to significantly reduce crop yields and extensive crop losses. Thus, rainfall prediction becomes an important issue in Myanmar. Regression has since long been a major data analytic tool in many scientific such as behavioral sciences, social sciences, biological sciences, medical sciences, psychometrics and econometrics for predicting. Multivariables polynomial regression (MPR) is one of the statistical regression method used to describe complex nonlinear input output relationships. In this paper, MPR is applied to implement the precipitation forecast model over Myanmar. Myanmar receives its annual rainfall during the summer monsoon season which starts in June and end in September. The model output result is station wide monthly and annual rainfall amount during summer monsoon season. The proposed model results are compared with the result produced by multiple linear regression model (MLR). From the experimental results, it is observed that using MPR method achieves closer agreement between actual and estimated rainfall than using MLR.
Spectator sports and its role in the social marketing of national unity: Insights from a multiracial country

Abstract Spectator sports are a form of leisure that can be leveraged by social marketers to create myriad profound impacts on society. This article aims to examine the role of leisure in the form of spectator sports in the social marketing of national unity. Using sports for development and social marketing as lenses to inform an interpretive case study predicated on a thematic analysis of qualitative secondary sources on spectator sports in multiracial Malaysia, this article finds that leisure in the form of spectator sports can act as an entry point to, a promoter of, an educator of, a symbol of, an initiator of conversations and dialogs on, and a unifying mechanism for national unity. Specifically, these roles enacted by spectator sports contribute to uniting multiracial communities within and beyond a sporting cause, or inside and outside spectator sports, in which inherent differences are cast aside and commonalities are embraced.
Audio-visual speech fragment decoding

This paper presents a robust speech recognition technique called audio-visual speech fragment decoding (AV-SFD), in which the visual signal is exploited both as a cue for source separation and as a carrier of phonetic information. The model builds on the existing audio-only SFD technique which, based on the auditory scene analysis account of perceptual organisation, works by combining a bottom-up layer which identies sound fragments, and a model-driven layer which searches for fragment groupings that can be interpreted as recognisable speech utterances. In AV-SFD, the visual signal is used in the model-driven stage improving the ability of the decoder to distinguish between foreground and background fragments. The system has been evaluated using an audio-visual version of Pascal Speech Separation Challenge. At low SNRs, recognition error rates are reduced by around 20% relative to the performance of a conventional multistream AV-ASR system. Index Terms: audio visual speech recognition, speech fragment decoding
MutS Preferentially Recognizes Cisplatin- over Oxaliplatin-modified DNA*

Loss of mismatch repair leads to tumor resistance by desensitizing cells to specific DNA-damaging agents, including the anticancer drug cisplatin. Cisplatin analogs with a diamminocyclohexane (DACH) carrier ligand, such as oxaliplatin and Pt(DACH)Cl2, do not elicit resistance in mismatch repair-deficient cells and therefore present promising therapeutic agents. This study compared the interactions of the purifiedEscherichia coli mismatch repair protein MutS with DNA modified to contain cisplatin and DACH adducts. MutS recognized the cisplatin-modified DNA with 2-fold higher affinity in comparison to the DACH-modified DNA. ADP stimulated the binding of MutS to cisplatin-modified DNA, whereas it had no effect on the MutS interaction with DNA modified by DACH or EN adducts. In parallel cytotoxicity experiments, methylation-deficient E. coli dammutants were 2-fold more sensitive to cisplatin than DACH compounds. A panel of recombination-deficient mutants showed striking sensitivity to both compounds, indicating that both types of adducts are strong replication blocks. The differential affinity of MutS for DNA modified with the different platinum analogs could provide the molecular basis for the distinctive cellular responses to cisplatin and oxaliplatin.
N-Glycosylation Is Required for Secretion and Mitosis in C. elegans

N-glycosylation of proteins is an essential process, and N-glucans serve as important beacons in protein folding and ER associated degradation. More importantly, N-glycosylation increases the structural repertoire of proteins because the addition of the N-glucan on proteins will serve as a base for further sugar additions in the Golgi apparatus, and hence complex three-dimensional structures can be build. N-glycosylation is mediated by the ER-resident OST complex, which is essential throughout eukaryotes. Partial knockdown of conserved OST complex members, such as C. elegans RIBO-1, led to an embryonic lethal phenotype. Although the ER morphology was not grossly altered in ribo-1(RNAi) oocytes and embryos, secretion of yolk and of the yolk receptor RME-2 was perturbed in those worms. Perhaps as a consequence of reduced arrival of N-glycosylated proteins at the plasma membrane, cytokinesis occurred less efficiently leading to multinuclear cells. Unexpectedly, we detected a chromosome segregation defect in ribo-1(RNAi) embryos suggesting an essential role of at least one N-glycosylated protein in metaphase-anaphase transition.
Identification of personality traits affecting entrepreneurial performance in the hospitality subsector: A five-factor personality model

Orientation: Although tourism growth is higher relative to other industries in South Africa, the failure rate for entrepreneurs in the hospitality subsector is higher relative than other industries. Research purpose: The aim of this research was to identify personality traits affecting entrepreneurial performance in the hospitality subsector. Motivation for the study: By identifying the personality traits affecting entrepreneurial performance, steps can be made to identify individuals who are likely to be successful entrepreneurs. Research design, approach and method: A random sampling method was used to select respondents. However, only entrepreneurs that employ fewer than 50 full-time employees and who had been in operation for at least 2 years were targeted. A mixed methods research design was then followed. A meeting was held with ten entrepreneurs (qualitative) to discuss the purpose of the study. Consequently, a total of 437 entrepreneurs successfully completed questionnaires (quantitative). Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyse the data. Main findings: The findings clearly indicate that extraversion, conscientiousness and openness to experience significantly ( p < 0.05) and positively affected the performance of entrepreneurs whilst neuroticism significantly ( p < 0.05) and negatively affected the performances of entrepreneurs. Practical/managerial implications: Existing entrepreneurs would do well to develop these traits or employ people with traits that complement their own to assist them in managing their enterprises. Future entrepreneurs may consider these results and decide whether, based on their personality, they are really suited to business ownership. C ontribution/value-add: The research confirms that entrepreneurial attributes differ from industry to industry and are industry specific.
Seaweed polysaccharide-based hydrogels used for the regeneration of articular cartilage

Abstract This manuscript provides an overview of the in vitro and in vivo studies reported in the literature focusing on seaweed polysaccharides based hydrogels that have been proposed for applications in regenerative medicine, particularly, in the field of cartilage tissue engineering. For a better understanding of the main requisites for these specific applications, the main aspects of the native cartilage structure, as well as recognized diseases that affect this tissue are briefly described. Current available treatments are also presented to emphasize the need for alternative techniques. The following part of this review is centered on the description of the general characteristics of algae polysaccharides, as well as relevant properties required for designing hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering purposes. An in-depth overview of the most well known seaweed polysaccharide, namely agarose, alginate, carrageenan and ulvan biopolymeric gels, that have been proposed for engineering cartilage is also provided. Finally, this review describes and summarizes the translational aspect for the clinical application of alternative systems emphasizing the importance of cryopreservation and the commercial products currently available for cartilage treatment.
R Do Stock Market Liberalizations Cause Investment Booms ?

Stock market liberalizations lead private investment booms. In a sample of 11 developing countries that liberalized, 9 experience growth rates of private investment above their non-liberalization median in the first year after liberalizing. In the second and third years after liberalization this number is 10 of 11 and 8 of 11 respectively. The mean growth rate of private investment in the three years immediately following stock market liberalization exceeds the sample mean by 22 percentage points. The evidence stands in sharp contrast with recent work that suggests capital account liberalization has no effect on investment. Assistant Professor of Economics, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5015. This paper is a revised version of Chapter 2 of my Ph.D. thesis at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. I am extremely grateful to Steve Buser, Paul Romer, Bill Schwert (the editor), Andrei Shleifer, and two anonymous referees whose detailed comments on an earlier draft substantially improved the paper. I would also like to thank, Olivier Blanchard, Rudi Dornbusch, Jerry Hausman, Jim Poterba, Robert Solow, Jeremy Stein, and René Stulz for helpful comments and conversations. The International Finance Corporation and the Research Foundation of Chartered Financial Analysts generously allowed me to use the Emerging Markets Data Base. Ross Levine generously shared his extensive list of capital control liberalization dates. Finally, I would like to thank the National Science Foundation, The Ford Foundation, and the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) for financial support. All remaining errors are my own.
Do Venture Capitalists Certify New Issues in the IPO Market ?

In addition to corporate executives, venture capitalists (VCs) have been receiving hot IPO shares from investment banks. The cozy relationship between VCs and investment banks calls in question of the well-documented certification role of VCs in IPO market. Using IPO data from 1988 through 1999, we document strong empirical evidence against the certification role of VCs. Instead, we find that VCs are acting in the best interests of the underwriter rather than the issuing firms. As a result, presence of venture capital helps enhance the bargaining power of the underwriters against the issuers in setting the IPO offer price, aggravates the agency problem of underwriters, and thereby leading to a higher level of underpricing.
Trait Aggressiveness Is Not Related to Structural Connectivity between Orbitofrontal Cortex and Amygdala

Studies in both pathological and healthy samples have suggested altered functional connectivity between orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and amygdala as a possible cause of anger and aggression. In patient populations presenting with pathological aggression, there is also evidence for changes in structural connectivity between OFC and amygdala. In healthy samples, however, the relationship between white matter integrity and aggression has not been studied to date. Here, we investigated the relationship between trait aggressiveness and structural OFC-amygdala connectivity in a large sample (n = 93) of healthy young men. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we measured the distribution of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity along the uncinate fascicle bilaterally. We found no differences in either measure between participants high and low in physical aggressiveness, or between those high and low in trait anger. Our results therefore argue against a direct relationship between structural OFC-amygdala connectivity and normal-range trait aggressiveness.