Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a Novel Siliconized Analog of Clofibrate (Silafibrate) and Comparison of their Anti-inflammatory Activities

Fibrates, as hypolipidemic drugs known as agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, diminish inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that incorporation of a silicon atom into a drug structure improves its pharmacological potency, modifies its selectivity toward a given target, or changes its metabolic rate, in addition to increasing the lipophilicity of the compounds. A siliconized analog of clofibrate, ethyl-2-methyl-2-(4-(trimethylsilyl)phenoxy)propionate was synthesized, whereby the chlorine atom in the phenoxy ring was replaced by a trimethylsilyl group. The anti-inflammatory effects of the siliconized analog (silafibrate) were evaluated in an air-pouch model of inflammation and compared with those of clofibrate. Oral administration of both drugs produced a significant anti-inflammatory action by reducing carrageenan induced pouch leukocyte recruitment, exudates production, and granulated tissue weight. The silicon isostere of clofibrate has improved anti-inflammatory properties.
Childhood Physical Abuse and Sociopathy: Is This Link Magnified among Firstborn Children?

The Psychopathic Deviate scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 (MMPI–2) provides a valid psychometric index of sociopathic tendencies in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Childhood physical abuse has provided a robust predictor of sociopathic penchants. The link between childhood physical abuse and MMPI–2 Psychopathic Deviate scores was examined (N = 322) as a function of birth order. A significant childhood physical abuse by birth order interaction was found (p < .0001, η2 = .62) with a 6-fold increase in relative risk of a Psychopathic Deviate elevation (T > 70) found for firstborn participants. Childhood physical abuse predicted Psychopathic Deviate scores for firstborn (r = .50, p < .0001, d = 1.15) and middle-born (r = .24, p = .006, d = .49) offspring. Harris–Lingoes subscale scores suggested firstborns felt selectively alienated from self and others in response to childhood physical abuse experiences.
Intrusion of a thematic idea in retention of prose.

Two implications of Bartlett's theory of memory were tested: (a) that prose passages are stored in schematic form, and (ft) that thematic assimilation increases with the passage of time. The 5s read brief biographical passages about either a famous or a fictitious person (e.g., Adolph Hitler vs. Gerald Martin). Recognition memory for individual sentences was tested after intervals of either 5 rnin. or 1 wk. As expected, passages with a famous main character yielded more false positive errors. In addition, the errors in this condition depended on the thematic relatedness of the recognition foil. The further prediction on thematic assimilation was also upheld: Thematic effects were relatively greater at the longer retention interval.
Prevalence of Microalbuminuria Among Middle-Aged Population of China

We assessed the prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) and the relationships with other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors among a middle-aged Chinese population. Data from 10 313 participants were included in our cross-sectional survey. Microalbuminuria was defined as the urine albumin to creatinine ratio of 30:300 mg/g from a single-spot morning urine sample. Microalbuminuria was found to be common in males and females (15.04% vs 10.09%) aged 35 to 64 years in this Chinese general population, especially in those with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Multivariate analysis found that body mass index, triglyceride, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, alcohol consumption, hypertension, and diabetes were independently associated with MAU. Microalbuminuria may be a useful indicator for risk of CV disease in general populations.
Driving organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson in-role behavior performance: The role of management control and perceived organizational support

Interest in management control approaches and organizational factors associated with higher levels of salesperson performance is reflected in research streams concerned with behavior-based control strategies and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). This study makes two distinct additions to the literature relating to control, organizational citizenship behaviors and salesperson performance. First, the study distinguishes between salesperson in-role behavior performance and outcome performance to model in-role behavior performance as a mediator between OCB and outcome performance. Second, the work supports sales manager control as an antecedent to OCB. A second model introduces perceived organizational support (POS) as an additional antecedent to salesperson OCB, and more important, as a consequence of sales manager control. This construct has not been included in prior salesperson OCB studies. Results show sales manage control has a stronger impact on OCB through POS, than directly, and POS has a strong impact on salesperson OCB.
Performance criteria and quality indicators for the pre-analytical phase

Abstract The definition, implementation and monitoring of valuable analytical quality specifications have played a fundamental role in improving the quality of laboratory services and reducing the rates of analytical errors. However, a body of evidence has been accumulated on the relevance of the extra-analytical phases, namely the pre-analytical steps, their vulnerability and impact on the overall quality of the laboratory information. The identification and establishment of valueable quality indicators (QIs) represents a promising strategy for collecting data on quality in the total testing process (TTP) and, particularly, for detecting any mistakes made in the individual steps of the pre-analytical phase, thus providing useful information for quality improvement projects. The consensus achieved on the developed list of harmonized QIs is a premise for the further step: the identification of achievable and realistic performance targets based on the knowledge of the state-of-the-art. Data collected by several clinical laboratories worldwide allow the classification of performances for available QIs into three levels: optimum, desirable and minimum, in agreement with the widely accepted proposal for analytical quality specifications.
Duodenal mucosa in children with coeliac disease in catamnesis and varying compliance with the gluten-free diet.

OBJECTIVES the aim of the study was to identify the characteristic morphometric data changes in the small intestine mucosa in response to varied compliance with gluten-free diet in children with coeliac disease. METHODS 71 children (47 girls and 24 boys) aged 2.5 to 16.5 (median age=10.6) with coeliac disease diagnosed according to the previously revised ESPGHAN criteria were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups: 1 - on strict GFD, 2 - on semistrict GFD, 3 - not on GFD. Quantitative morphometric data on biopsies of duodenal mucosa in each group were compared with each other. RESULTS As compared with group 1, patients from group 2 had a lower villous height (Vh)/crypt depth (Cd) ratio, but a higher Cd, total cell density of lamina propria, plasma cells density in the villi and fibroblasts density in the space between the crypts. In patients from group 3, as compared with group 1, we found a significant reduction in Vh and Vh/Cd ratio, and a significant decrease in the number of goblet cells. At the same time they yielded an increase in Cd, number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), total cell density and plasma cells density throughout the lamina propria depth, number of macrophages and neutrophils in the villous lamina propria, and number of fibroblasts in the space between crypts. The differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Quantitative morphometric parameters of small intestine mucosa allow revealing statistically significant differences between the groups of children with coeliac disease in response to varied compliance with GFD. This enables us to assess the dynamics of the pathological process and enhance our understanding of its nature, which is very important for improving the therapy and prognosis (Ref. 40).
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON RENAL GLOMERULAR ARTERIOLES IN PIGS

A scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study was performed on 1620 glomerular arterioles (870 from the cortical and 750 from the juxtamedullary zone) in order to elucidate the peculiarities of haemodynamics and the potential for regulation of blood flow in the renal cortex. SEM showed that afferent arteriole (AA) in most cases separated under a sharp angle and relatively less frequently – at a right and obtuse angle. The length of AA was different; some of them exhibited convoluted at various extent course and coneor ring-shaped constrictions. These features were more commonly observed in the peripheral zone of the cortex. The efferent arteriole (EA) usually had an arched course, variable length and degree of convolution. Cases when EA sharply changed its direction in the area of the vascular pole, thus forming a right angle over the glomerulus, have been observed. The present study adds to the data about the peculiarities of architectonics of renal glomerular arterioles in domestic pig, which could be of importance for blood flow regulation through glomeruli.
Chance and luck are not the same

In the mind of many people chance and luck act as real but different causes of events. Even in strictly defined situations as casino gambling, people may perceive influences of luck that help to overcome the negative expectancy defined by the rules of chance. Interviews with gamblers in casinos confirmed this idea. In two experiments it was established that the distinction between chance and luck are also made by ordinary subjects in everyday situations. The results revealed that chance is perceived to operate when an event is surprising, an unexpected coincidence. Luck is perceived when an event implies the escape from negative consequences, or the achievement of something that is important and difficult. The distinction between chance and luck can explain why people are trapped by the illusion of control, even when it is clear that they have no influence on the physical causation determining the outcomes of events. They cannot change the outcome of the roulette wheel, but they can employ their luck, which helps them to place their bets on the winning number. Copyright © 1988 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is There Enough Time on the Clock? Parental Involvement and Mediation of Children's Television Viewing

Recent research on parental mediation has indicated mixed relationships with demographic and attitudinal factors. Building on critiques of demographic predictors, this study tests the concept of parental involvement. Our results confirm 3 distinct mediation strategies (coviewing, restrictive mediation, and instructive mediation) and suggest that their connections are better explained not only by parents' concerns about television, but also by their involvement with children. Mediation may be dependent upon parents' accessibility to children and parent-child engagement in certain types of shared activities. Future work to develop parental involvement as a contributing factor in this process is warranted.
Personality and Learning Motivation

In this study I investigated the relationship between personality traits and learning motivations by correlating Big Five model of personality, Core Self-evaluation, achievement and affiliation motivation, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for leaning. Data were collected from 298 participants using a questionnaire. Regression analysis results indicated that extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience and conscientiousness were positively associated with intrinsic motivation, but neuroticism was positively associated with extrinsic motivation. Core self-evaluation was also positively related with intrinsic motivation and negatively related to extrinsic motivation. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation are two concept that was mutually exclusive. Implications and further research directions are then discussed. Keywords: five-factor model, core self-evaluation, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivations
Combinatorial Mutagenesis of the Voltage-Sensing Domain Enables the Optical Resolution of Action Potentials Firing at 60 Hz by a Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor of Membrane Potential

ArcLight is a genetically encoded fluorescent voltage sensor using the voltage-sensing domain of the voltage-sensing phosphatase from Ciona intestinalis that gives a large but slow-responding optical signal in response to changes in membrane potential (Jin et al., 2012). Fluorescent voltage sensors using the voltage-sensing domain from other species give faster yet weaker optical signals (Baker et al., 2012; Han et al., 2013). Sequence alignment of voltage-sensing phosphatases from different species revealed conserved polar and charged residues at 7 aa intervals in the S1–S3 transmembrane segments of the voltage-sensing domain, suggesting potential coil–coil interactions. The contribution of these residues to the voltage-induced optical signal was tested using a cassette mutagenesis screen by flanking each transmembrane segment with unique restriction sites to allow for the testing of individual mutations in each transmembrane segment, as well as combinations in all four transmembrane segments. Addition of a counter charge in S2 improved the kinetics of the optical response. A double mutation in the S4 domain dramatically reduced the slow component of the optical signal seen in ArcLight. Combining that double S4 mutant with the mutation in the S2 domain yielded a probe with kinetics <10 ms. Optimization of the linker sequence between S4 and the fluorescent protein resulted in a new ArcLight-derived probe, Bongwoori, capable of resolving action potentials in a hippocampal neuron firing at 60 Hz. Additional manipulation of the voltage-sensing domain could potentially lead to fluorescent sensors capable of optically resolving neuronal inhibition and subthreshold synaptic activity.
The local universality of veterinary expertise and the geography of animal disease

This paper explores the concept of local universality in relation to the regulation of animal health. Protocols have come to play an important role in medical practice, standardising diseases and the expertise required to identify them. Focusing on the use of protocols to identify bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in England and Wales, it is argued that the decontextualised expertise inherent to protocols comes unstuck in practice. Using ethnographies of two veterinary practices, the paper instead shows how forms of situated veterinary expertise emerge in response to practical contingencies, thereby enacting different ontological versions of bTB. The development of these skills stems from the relationships that organise bTB testing as well as through informal work-based modes of learning. Although these practices vary from place to place and depart from the bTB testing protocol, it is variation in practice rather than uniformity that effectively allows the protocol to work. In conclusion, the paper discusses how the management of animal health may be assisted by a flexible rather than uniform approach to disease and veterinary expertise.
The High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey - V. Single-pulse energetics and modulation properties of 315 pulsars

We report on the pulse-to-pulse energy distributions and phase-resolved modulation properties for catalogued pulsars in the southern High Time Resolution Universe intermediate-latitude survey. We selected the 315 pulsars detected in a single-pulse search of this survey, allowing a large sample unbiased regarding any rotational parameters of neutron stars. We found that the energy distribution of many pulsars is well described by a log-normal distribution, with few deviating from a small range in log-normal scale and location parameters. Some pulsars exhibited multiple energy states corresponding to mode changes, and implying that some observed ‘nulling’ may actually be a mode-change effect. PSR J1900−2600 was found to emit weakly in its previously identified ‘null’ state. We found evidence for another state-change effect in two pulsars, which show bimodality in their nulling time-scales; that is, they switch between a continuous-emission state and a single-pulse-emitting state. Large modulation occurs in many pulsars across the full integrated profile, with increased sporadic bursts at leading and trailing sub-beam edges. Some of these high-energy outbursts may indicate the presence of ‘giant pulse’ phenomena. We found no correlation with modulation and pulsar period, age or other parameters. Finally, the deviation of integrated pulse energy from its average value was generally quite small, despite the significant phase-resolved modulation in some pulsars; we interpret this as tenuous evidence of energy regulation between distinct pulsar sub-beams.
The physiology of external cardiac massage: high-impulse cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

In intact chronically instrumented dogs, left ventricular dynamics were studied during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Electromagnetic flow probes measured cardiac output and coronary blood flow, ultrasonic transducers measured cardiac dimensions, and micromanometers measured left ventricular, right ventricular, aortic, and intrathoracic pressures. The dogs were anesthetized with morphine, intubated, and fibrillated by rapid ventricular pacing. Data were obtained during manual external massage with dogs in the lateral and supine positions. Force of compression was varied from a peak intrathoracic pressure of 10 to 30 mm Hg, and compression rate was varied from 60 to 150/min. Increasing force of compression increased stroke volume up to a peak intrathoracic pressure of approximately 20 mm Hg, beyond which stroke volume remained constant or declined. Stroke volume appeared to result primarily from direct transmission of manual compression force to the heart rather than from positive intrathoracic pressure because peak cardiac or vascular pressures or the change in these pressures were consistently two to four times greater than the corresponding intrathoracic pressures during manual compression. With increasing compression rate, stroke volume remained relatively constant, and total cardiac output increased significantly: 425 +/- 92 ml/min at 60/min, 643 +/- 130 ml/min at 100/min, and 975 +/- 219 ml/min at 150/min (p less than .05). Left ventricular dimensions decreased minimally at higher manual compression rates. In four patients undergoing CPR, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure increased with faster compression rates, correlating well with data obtained in the dog. Dynamic coronary blood flow in canine experiments decreased to zero or negative values during compression. Antegrade coronary flow occurred primarily during noncompression periods and seemed to be related to diastolic aortic perfusion pressure; coronary flow at a compression rate of 150/min averaged 75% of control. Therefore stroke volume and coronary blood flow in this canine preparation were maximized with manual chest compression performed with moderate force and brief duration. Increasing rate of compression increased total cardiac output while coronary blood flow was well maintained. Direct cardiac compression appeared to be the major determinant of stroke volume during manual external cardiac massage.
Understanding the Motivation of Volunteers: An Examination of Personality Differences and Characteristics of Volunteers' Paid Employment

Volunteers from three soctal service agencies were surveyed to test the hypothesis that some people volunteer in order to satisfy needs that are not satisfied through their other activities. The findings indicated that those volunteers whose regular employment failed to satisfy their needs for psychological growth tended to be in volved and satisfied with volunteering to the extent that they (a) felt personally in control of their lives, and (b) wanted and expected that volunteering would satisfy their growth needs. Volunteers whose regular employment did provide oppor tunities for psychological growth were more motivated by other potential rewards of volunteering.
The effect of information overload and disorganisation on intention to purchase online: The role of perceived risk and internet experience

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a research model that examines the effect of information overload and information disorganisation upon customers’ perceived risk and purchase intention online in a single integrative model. In addition the paper investigates whether internet experience moderates these relationships. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the paper's objectives an experiment that involved visiting the ten most visited e-commerce web sites in Spain was conducted. Hypotheses were tested by using structural equation modelling on a data set of 1,396 online shopping customers. Findings – The results suggest a positive relationship between information overload and customer purchase intention and that internet experience reinforces this positive effect. Moreover the results confirm that the relationship between information disorganisation and customer purchase intention is not significant and that internet experience does not moderate the relationship. The findings also indicate.
In utero pesticides exposure and generation of acute myeloid leukemia associated translocation (8;21)

This study aimed to detect the relationship between prenatal exposure to organophosphate and organo chlorine pesticides and development of translocation (8;21); in an Egyptian population between 2010-2012. Malathion, Diazinon, DDT, and Lindane were detected in meconium by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). T (8; 21) was detected by RT-PCR on RNA extracted from cord blood. Thirty eight (20%) out of 190 of the cord blood samples were positive for t (8; 21). Chi square tests were used to assess differences in the frequency of pesticide exposure in t (8; 21) carriers vs. non carriers and the risk estimates were assessed using binary logistic regression. The frequency of prenatal Malathion exposure was61, and 36 % in newborn t (8; 21) carriers and non-carriers, respectively, (OR 2.78, 95%CI 1.34-5.77). The frequency of exposure was 58 and 41 % for Diazinon (OR 1.94, 95%CI 0.95-3.99), 79 and 51 % for DDT (OR 3.55, 95%CI 1.53-8.26) and 55 and 49% for Lindane (OR 1.32, 95%CI 0.63-2.66). Rural residents showed a higher frequency of translocation than the urban; 23.6% of the rural were carriers versus only 3%forthe urban, (P=0.007). Rural residents showed a 10 fold increased risk to develop the fusion Oncogene. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate and organochlorine is potentially related to the generation of t (8; 21) in the cord blood of apparently healthy newborns. Residing in rural areas imparts a higher risk for carrying such translocation.
STK33 kinase inhibitor BRD-8899 has no effect on KRAS-dependent cancer cell viability

Approximately 30% of human cancers harbor oncogenic gain-of-function mutations in KRAS. Despite interest in KRAS as a therapeutic target, direct blockade of KRAS function with small molecules has yet to be demonstrated. Based on experiments that lower mRNA levels of protein kinases, KRAS-dependent cancer cells were proposed to have a unique requirement for the serine/threonine kinase STK33. Thus, it was suggested that small-molecule inhibitors of STK33 might have therapeutic benefit in these cancers. Here, we describe the development of selective, low nanomolar inhibitors of STK33’s kinase activity. The most potent and selective of these, BRD8899, failed to kill KRAS-dependent cells. While several explanations for this result exist, our data are most consistent with the view that inhibition of STK33’s kinase activity does not represent a promising anti-KRAS therapeutic strategy.