Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An investigation of factors affecting knowledge sharing amongst UK academics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to construct and investigate relationships between knowledge-sharing factors, attitude and the intention to share of UK academics, as research on knowledge sharing in higher education is extremely sparse. Design/methodology/approach A research model and hypotheses were constructed from individual and organisational factors that were identified to affect knowledge sharing. Questionnaire data were obtained from 367 academics concerning their attitude and intention towards knowledge sharing. This was then used in a two-stage structural equation modelling approach where the measurement model was used for confirmatory factor analysis. The structural model was used to measure and test the hypothesised relationships. Findings Findings indicate that, in general, individual beliefs amongst academics were more influential on their knowledge-sharing attitudes than organisational culture. Furthermore, leadership was the most influential factor within the overall organisational culture whereas autonomy demonstrated the weakest relationship. Belief in the possibility of rewards through associations was found to be a highly significant individual factor. The relationship between attitude and intention was relatively weak although still statistically significant. Originality/value The research demonstrates that management should ensure that departmental leaders promote knowledge sharing and that valued rewards are linked to sharing within the department.
Resolution of diabetic cheiroarthropathy after pancreatic transplantation.

A 51-year-old man was referred to our unit with a 12-month history of progressive impairment of hand function. He was unable to make a fist and had difficulty picking up small objects. He did not describe any joint pain, swelling, or morning stiffness, and there were no features to suggest an inflammatory arthropathy. He had been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age 7 years, complicated by diabetic nephropathy requiring a renal transplant 20 years previously (for which he was on long-term ciclosporin) and retinopathy. On examination, his skin appeared slightly thickened. He had contractures evidenced by a positive prayer …
The Late Positive Potential as a Neural Signature for Cognitive Reappraisal in Children

The late positive potential (LPP), which is reduced following the use of reappraisal, is a potential neurosignature for emotion regulation capacity. This sensitivity of the LPP to reappraisal is rarely studied in children. We tested whether, in 26 typically developing seven- to nine-year-olds, LPP amplitudes were reduced following reappraisal and whether this effect varied with age and anxiety. For the full sample, LPPs were not significantly reduced following reappraisal. As predicted, reductions in the LPP following reappraisal were greater for older children and those showing less anxiety. The utility of the LPP as a neurosignature for emotion regulatory capacity is discussed.
The Feasibility of Achieving Low-Sodium Intake in Diets That Are Also Nutritious, Low-Cost, and Have Familiar Meal Components

Objective Given the importance of high sodium diets as a risk factor for disease burden (ranked 11th in importance in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010), we aimed to determine the feasibility of low-sodium diets that were also low-cost, nutritious and (for some scenarios) included familiar meals. Methods The mathematical technique of “linear programming” was used to model eight optimized daily diets (some with uncertainty), including some diets that contained “familiar meals” for New Zealanders or were Mediterranean-, Asian- and Pacific-style diets. Data inputs included nutrients in foods, food prices and food wastage. Findings Using nutrient recommendations for men and a cost constraint of <NZ$9/d (US$6.84), the sodium intake levels in the eight optimized daily diets were all well below the 2300 mg/d (5.8 g salt/d) recommended maximum. The only diet to not consistently fall below the recommended “target” upper limit of 1600 mg/d included an evening meal with sausages (median = 1640 mg/d, 95% simulation interval: 1551–1735 mg/d). Many additional nutritional aspects of these optimized low-sodium diets suggest that they would reduce cardiovascular disease risk in other ways (e.g., improved polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio) and also reduce risk of cancer and other chronic diseases (e.g., via higher intakes of vegetables, fruits and dietary fiber). Even healthier diets (e.g., with higher intakes of fruit) occurred when the cost constraint was relaxed to $NZ15/d (US$11.40). Similar results were obtained when the modeling considered diets for women. Conclusions These results provide some reassurance for the feasibility of substantially reducing population sodium intake given currently available low-cost foods and while maintaining some level of familiar meals. Policy makers could consider ways to promote such optimized diets and foods, including regulations on maximum salt levels in processed foods, and taxes on alternative foods that are high in salt, sugar and saturated fat.
Absence of entero‐ and cardioviral RNA in multiple sclerosis brain tissue

Objectives ‐ Epidemiological evidence suggests that an infectious agent may be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Picornaviruses are possible candidates for an etiological agent, because of their neurotropic properties and ability to cause chronic infections. Materials and methods‐ Autopsy brain tissue from 25 patients with clinically definite MS and 33 control patients without inflammatory neurological disease was tested with reverse transcription PCR specific for enteroviruses and cardioviruses. Results ‐ All specimens were found negative. Conclusion ‐ These results do not support the theory of a persisting entero‐ or cardioviral infection as the cause of MS as we found no evidence of the presence of entero‐ or cardioviral genomes in the brains from MS patients.
Review of flow rate estimates of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

The unprecedented nature of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill required the application of research methods to estimate the rate at which oil was escaping from the well in the deep sea, its disposition after it entered the ocean, and total reservoir depletion. Here, we review what advances were made in scientific understanding of quantification of flow rates during deep sea oil well blowouts. We assess the degree to which a consensus was reached on the flow rate of the well by comparing in situ observations of the leaking well with a time-dependent flow rate model derived from pressure readings taken after the Macondo well was shut in for the well integrity test. Model simulations also proved valuable for predicting the effect of partial deployment of the blowout preventer rams on flow rate. Taken together, the scientific analyses support flow rates in the range of ∼50,000–70,000 barrels/d, perhaps modestly decreasing over the duration of the oil spill, for a total release of ∼5.0 million barrels of oil, not accounting for BP's collection effort. By quantifying the amount of oil at different locations (wellhead, ocean surface, and atmosphere), we conclude that just over 2 million barrels of oil (after accounting for containment) and all of the released methane remained in the deep sea. By better understanding the fate of the hydrocarbons, the total discharge can be partitioned into separate components that pose threats to deep sea vs. coastal ecosystems, allowing responders in future events to scale their actions accordingly.
A mismatched greedy pursuit algorithm for sparse spike deconvolution

Matched filter output of pulse compression systems often suffers from sidelobes. In a multi-target environment, these sidelobes can cause false alarms and misdetection. In addition, these sidelobes make it particularly difficult to recover closely located spikes. In this paper, an iterative greedy algorithm is proposed that combines mismatched filtering with matching pursuit algorithm. Recovery bounds for the proposed algorithm are derived and used to show that the proposed algorithm can yield better resolution compared to matching pursuit algorithm.
Understanding executive information systems implementation: an empirical study of EIS success factors

There has been rapid growth in the number of implementations of executive information systems (EIS). However the success rate of these systems has not been great. To minimize the risk of failed implementations, studies of theories and success factors for EIS implementation are recommended. This paper focuses on testing a model of successful EIS implementation and identifies success factors. An empirical study of mature EIS in large organizations in Australia was conducted. The path analyses of this model revealed that both EIS team communication skills and user attitude towards the EIS directly influenced EIS implementation. Both user computer experience and user involvement indirectly influenced EIS implementation. Findings from this study provide a better understanding for practitioners in developing effective information systems and provide a basis for future research in IS implementation.
Conversion Factors Between Common Detectors in EMI Measurement for Impulse and Gaussian Noises

Based on the operating principle of a typical electromagnetic interference test receiver and the circuits of various commonly used detectors, a simulation model is developed. With the model, the response of each detector to broadband emission can be simulated and analyzed. The conversion factors between different types of detectors for the same type of broadband emission are determined and verified with those reported in well establish standards. The systematic analysis provides both insight and rationale behind how these conversion factors are derived.
Pigments Production of Bacteria Isolated From Dried Seafood and Capability to Inhibit Microbial Pathogens

Microorganisms are the rich sources of natural pigments and can be produced by bacteria, which are isolated from natural sources include food product. Some pigments have a capability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Purposes of this study were to isolate and select bacteria, which produce pigments colors, from 13 groups sample of dried seafood from Nongmon market, Chonburi province, Thailand and study their capability of pigments to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that 29 isolated bacteria, which produced carotenoids pigments as yellow and orange colors. Of these 29 isolated bacteria, 8 isolated bacteria presented high degree of pigmentation were studied the capability of pigments to inhibit pathogenic bacteria by agarwell diffusion method. Carotenoids pigments from 7 isolated appeared antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (MSSA), S. xylosus, Bacillus macerans, Citrobacter divesus and Aeromonas schubertii. Taxonomic characterization was carried out and 7 isolates were identified as Bacillus sp. , Corynebacterium sp. , Kocuria roseus, Staphylococcus sp. and Brevibacterium sp.
Fine Structure of Muscle Cells of the Human Testicular Capsule: Basis of Testicular Contractions

Electron micrographs of human testicular capsule reveal large numbers of branching smooth muscle cells coursing through collagenous tissue of the tunica albuginea. These cells have subcellular morphology characteristic of smooth muscle cells, and they associate with one another through areas of close contact. These are the contractile cells responsible for spontaneous contractions of the human testicular capsule—contractions that may be important in transporting nonmotile sperm out of the testis.
Separation of Dog Brain Renin‐Like Activity from Acid Protease Activity

SUMMARY A renin-like enzyme and add protease (cathepsin) from whole and saline-perfused dog brains were separated by CM-cellnlose cbromatography with a linear NaCl gradient. Plasma renin and cathepsin were also separated using the same system. During the separation steps (in all the above cases) the specific activity of the brain renin-like enzyme was increased, while the specific activity of the brain cathepsin was decreased. Approximately a 70-fold increase in the specific activity of brain renln-like enzyme and a sixfold decrease in brain cathepsin specific activity was obtained from saline-perfused brain. The separation made it possible to study the pH optimum of the brain renin-like enzyme and acid protease. The brain renin-like enzyme showed optimal activity in the range of pH 6-7. Immunologically, the renin-like enzyme was distinctly different from dog kidney renin.
Mainstream and Remedial School Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Boys: More Alike than Different

The literature on the neuropsychology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is plagued by inconsistent findings, which are usually attributed to a variety of extraneous variables. One of the most inadequately explored of these variables is the difference between ADHD children attending remedial and mainstream schools. This study aimed to investigate whether the performance of remedial and mainstream school ADHD boys differs on relevant neuropsychological tasks. The sample consisted of three groups of 8- to 12-year-old boys. Two of these groups consisted of children with ADHD: one from remedial schools and one from mainstream schools. The third group was made up of participants without ADHD, who attended mainstream schools. The performance of the remedial school learners on the Stroop, Lurian and cancellation tasks was investigated and compared to a mainstream school ADHD sample. The performance of the ADHD group as a whole was compared with that of a control group. No significant difference in performance was found between the two ADHD groups, except for the length of time taken to read words in the control condition of the Stroop. The control group out-performed the ADHD samples on the Stroop, Lurian and cancellation tasks. The findings suggest that mainstream and remedial ADHD boys do not differ in the severity of their executive deficits, but that boys with ADHD attending remedial schools may be more likely to have another learning disorder than their counterparts at mainstream schools.
Enhanced multiuser random beamforming: dealing with the not so large number of users case

We consider the downlink of a wireless system with an M-antenna base station and K single-antenna users. A limited feedback-based scheduling and precoding scenario is considered that builds on the multiuser random beamforming (RBF). Such a scheme was shown to yield the same capacity scaling, in terms of multiplexing and multiuser diversity gain, as the optimal full CSIT-based (channel state information at transmitter) precoding scheme, in the large number of users K regime. Unfortunately, for more practically relevant (low to moderate) K values, RBF yields degraded performance. In this work, we investigate solutions to this problem. We introduce a two-stage framework that decouples the scheduling and beamforming problems. In our scenario, RBF is exploited to identify good, spatially separable, users in a first stage. In the second stage, the initial random beams are refined based on the available feedback to offer improved performance toward the selected users. Specifically, we propose beam power control techniques that do not change the direction of the second-stage beams, offering feedback reduction and performance tradeoffs. The common feature of these schemes is to restore robustness of RBF with respect to sparse network settings (low K), at the cost of moderate complexity increase.
Comparative expression of Hedgehog ligands at different stages of prostate carcinoma progression

Recent studies have revealed the potential involvement of Hedgehog (Hh) signalling in proliferation and invasive behaviour of prostate carcinoma (PCa). The aim of this study was to specify the role of Sonic Hh (Shh), Desert Hh (Dhh) and Indian Hh (Ihh) in the natural history of PCa. Hh ligands expression was compared in primary hormone‐naive PCa (HNPC), hormone‐treated PCa (HTPC) and hormone‐refractory PCa (HRPC), using immunohistochemistry. Shh and Dhh were expressed by both epithelial and stromal cells of prostate tissues. Ihh was only expressed by stromal cells. For the three ligands, mRNA and immunostaining were not correlated. In HNPC, Shh epithelial expression was significantly associated with high Gleason scores (p = 0.03), metastatic lymph nodes (p = 0.004) and Dhh epithelial staining was associated with high pT stages (p = 0.003), seminal vesicle invasion (p = 0.03) and bladder neck invasion (p = 0.0008). Negative Shh staining in stromal cells was associated with high Gleason scores (p = 0.015), high pT stages (p = 0.01) and bladder neck invasion (p = 0.04). Concomitant absence of Shh and Dhh expression in stromal cells was an independent prognostic parameter for biological recurrence on multivariate analysis (p = 0.01). Epithelial expression of Shh and Dhh was increased in HTPC compared to HNPC (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04). Interestingly, in vitro, transcript analysis also showed increased expression of these 2 Hh ligands when androgen‐sensitive LNCaP cells were maintained in androgen‐free medium mimicking hormonal therapy. Epithelial expression of Dhh was increased (p < 0.0001) in HRPC compared to HNPC, while stromal expression of Shh and Dhh was decreased (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the Hh signalling pathway is associated with pejorative pathological parameters in HNPC and is up‐regulated in epithelial cells of HTPC and HRPC. Moreover, the lack of Hh molecules in stromal cells seems to be associated with invasive and hormone‐refractory behaviours and suggests specific changes in stromal–epithelial crosstalks during PCa progression. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response of Antarctic cryoconite microbial communities to light

Microbial communities on polar glacier surfaces are found dispersed on the ice surface, or concentrated in cryoconite holes and cryolakes, which are accumulations of debris covered by a layer of ice for some or all of the year. The ice lid limits the penetration of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) to the sediment layer, since the ice attenuates up to 99% of incoming radiation. This suite of field and laboratory experiments demonstrates that PAR is an important control on primary production in cryoconite and cryolake ecosystems. Increased light intensity increased efficiency of primary production in controlled laboratory incubations of debris from the surface of Joyce Glacier, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. However, when light intensity was increased to levels near that received on the ice surface, without the protection of an ice lid, efficiency decreased and measurements of photophysiology showed that the communities suffered light stress. The communities are therefore well adapted to low light levels. Comparison with Arctic cryoconite communities, which are typically not covered by an ice lid for the majority of the ablation season, showed that these organisms were also stressed by high light, so they must employ strategies to protect against photodamage.
Sunitinib-and-Chinese herbal medicine-based systematic treatment clinically cured a patient with multiple metastatic primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver: a case report

Primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver (PCCCL) is a rare and special type of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. However, treatment methods for multiple metastatic PCCCL are lacking. Here, we report the case of a 55-year-old male PCCCL patient with multiple metastatic lesions who was clinically cured by sunitinib-based systematic treatment. This patient was diagnosed with PCCCL in Liver Segment 7, Child–Pugh A liver function, Stage A in November 16, 2009, and received radical excision of the cancer immediately. His disease recurred with multiple metastatic lesions in the liver and other parts of the body, including the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, lung and bilateral adrenal nodules in June 29, 2012. The biopsy results showed that the lung mass was lung metastasis of PCCCL. With Child–Pugh A liver function, Stage C of PCCCL was diagnosed. Sunitinib (37.5 mg, oral, once a day [qd]) in combination with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) was given. The tumor size steadily reduced, and the lesions were no longer obvious in May 21, 2014. The patient had multiple metastases and is in complete response (CR) state until now. He is considered as clinically cured. From the initial diagnosis of PCCCL, the survival period reached 8 years.
Effect of alcohol use on accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers

Abstract Objective: The present study examines the accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers at different blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) in heterogeneous driving conditions using driving simulator experiments. Methods: Eighty-two licensed drivers performed simulated driving in a rural road environment designed in the driving simulator at 4 BAC levels: 0.00, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%. Driving performance was analyzed using vehicle control variables such as mean acceleration and mean brake pedal force. Generalized linear mixed models were developed to quantify the effect of different alcohol levels and explanatory variables such as driver’s age, gender, and other factors on the driving performance indicators. Results: Alcohol use was reported as a significant factor affecting the accelerating and braking performance of drivers. The acceleration model results indicated that drivers’ mean acceleration increased by 0.013, 0.026, and 0.027 m/s2 for BAC levels of 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%, respectively. Results of the brake pedal force model showed that drivers’ mean brake pedal force increased by 1.09, 1.32, and 1.44 N for BAC levels of 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08%, respectively. Age was a significant factor in both the models where a 1-year increase in driver age resulted in a 0.2% reduction in mean acceleration and a 19% reduction in mean brake pedal force. Driving experience could compensate for the negative effects of alcohol to some extent while driving. Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that drivers tend to be more aggressive and impulsive under the influence of alcohol, which deteriorates their driving performance. Impairment in accelerating and braking behaviors of drivers under the influence of alcohol leads to increased crash probabilities. The conclusions may provide reference in making countermeasures against drinking and driving and contribute to traffic safety.