Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of structured comprehensive paediatric oral health education for parents of children less than two years of age in Germany.

OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of expanding and improving oral health education in a clinical setting. RESEARCH DESIGN Controlled prospective intervention study. INTERVENTION Structured comprehensive oral health education (SC-OHE) supported by written information. was performed by 36 clinicians in all of the 30 specialist paediatric practices in the city and the administrative district of Kassel, central Germany. PARTICIPANTS Parents of all children attending the practices for health examinations. SC-OHE was tested in two intervention groups (IG), one with a mean child age of seven months and another with a mean child age of 24 months. The SC-OHE content was adapted to the respective age groups. Control group (CG) subjects were recruited in a similar region in northern Germany and received conventional oral health education only. This consisted of comparable topics but was less comprehensive than SC-OHE. The two IGs comprised 2,170 children; the two age-matched CGs 2,040. OUTCOME MEASURES Parental knowledge, attitudes and behaviour relevant to decreasing the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) development. The outcomes were measured by questionnaires sent to the parents. RESULTS The response rate was 88%. On average, control group paediatricians provided 2.1 information items at each child examination whereas the intervention group provided 3.8 items. Parental knowledge increased by 23%. Self-efficacy and attitudes remained unchanged. 41% of 7-month-olds in the CG received baby bottles with cariogenic content during daytime as opposed to 32% in the IG (p < 0.001); however, bottle use at night was unchanged. IG parents were less likely to add sugar to puréed baby food of the 7-month-olds. In 24-month-old children, the frequent consumption of cariogenic beverages in the daytime decreased slightly (CG 66%, IG 61%, p < 0.001), but five other nutritional behaviours, fluoride use and tooth brushing remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Primary care providers can be trained to perform SC-OHE that improves parental oral health knowledge. SC-OHE provided by clinicians alone will not be capable of influencing crucial oral health behaviours in such a way that prevents ECC.
Whey protein isolate and glycomacropeptide decrease weight gain and alter body composition in male Wistar rats

The effect of feed protein type on body composition and growth has been examined. Evidence exists that whey protein concentrate is effective at limiting body fat expansion. The presence of caseinomacropeptide, a mixture of glycosylated and non-glycosylated carbohydrate residues, in particular glycomacropeptide (GMP) in whey protein concentrate may be important for this effect. The influence of whey protein isolate (WPI) and GMP on weight gain and body composition was examined by feeding Wistar rats ad libitum for 7 weeks with five semi-purified American Institute of Nutrition-based diets differing in protein type: (1) casein; (2) barbequed beef; (3) control WPI (no GMP); (4) WPI+GMP at 100 g/kg; (5) WPI+GMP at 200 g/kg. Body composition was assessed, and plasma samples were assayed for TAG, insulin and glucose. Body-weight gain was lower ( − 21 %) on the control WPI diet relative to casein, with a non-significant influence associated with GMP inclusion ( − 30 %), the effect being equivalent at both levels of GMP addition. Renal and carcass fat mass were reduced in the highest GMP diet when compared with WPI (P < 0·05). Plasma insulin was lowered by GMP at the highest addition compared with WPI alone ( − 53 %; P < 0·01). Plasma TAG in the WPI+GMP (200 g/kg) group were lower ( − 27 %; P < 0·05) than the casein and beef groups. In conclusion, GMP appears to have a significant additional influence when combined with WPI on fat accumulation. WPI alone appears to have the predominant influence accounting for 70 % of the overall effect on body-weight gain. Mechanisms for this effect have not been identified but food intake was not responsible.
Blind identification and deconvolution of linear systems driven by binary random sequences

The problem of blind identification and deconvolution of linear systems with independent binary inputs is addressed. To solve the problem, a linear system is applied to the observed data and adjusted so as to produce binary outputs. It is proved that the system coincides with the inverse of the unknown system (with scale and shift ambiguities), whether it is minimum or nonminimum phase. These results are derived for nonstationary independent binary inputs of infinite or finite length. Based on these results, an identification method is proposed for parametric linear systems. It is shown that under some mild conditions, a consistent estimator of the parameter can be obtained by minimizing a binariness criterion for the output data. Unlike many other blind identification and deconvolution methods, this criterion handles nonstationary signals and does not utilize any moment information of the inputs. Three numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. >
Tisssue factor and factor viia cross-species compatibility Tisssue factor and factor viia cross-species compatibility

1. Astract 2. Introduction 3. TF and FVIIa 3.1. Purification, cloning and expression of TF 3.2. TF structure and function 3.3. Purification, cloning and expression of FVII 3.4. FVIIa structure and function 3.5. Interaction of FVIIa with TF 3.6. Binding of human FVIIa to sTF, lipidated TF and cell surface TF 3.6. 1. FVIIa binding to sTF 3.6. 2. FVIIa binding to lipidated TF and to cell surface TF 3.7. Effect of FFR-FVIIai on PT in human plasma and plasmas from other species 3.8. Species compatibility with TF-FVIIa substrates, FX, FIX, and PARs 4. Selected human-animal cross-species TF and FVII compatibilities 4.1. Bovine TF and FVIIa 4.2. Canine TF and FVIIa 4.3. Rabbit TF and FVIIa 4.4. Murine TF and FVIIa 4.5. Rat TF and FVIIa 4.6. Zebrafish TF and FVIIa 5. Perspectives 6. Acknowledgement 7. References
Test Item Order in Relation to Course Plan Content Sequence: Does it Affect Nursing Students' Grades in Pharmacology Exam?

Proper sequencing of multiple choice test items is a matter of concern for many constructors. In this study we compared the variances of three different pharmacology test formats for nursing students. The aim of the study is to see if changing the order of questions will have any effect on the grades of the students. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean score of the three groups and Levenes test was used to evaluate the equality of variances between them. The results confirm that the variances of the grades in all formats are homogeneous (P=0.141) and there is not a statistical difference between the mean scores in each of the three question formats (P= 0.566). It is conclusive that the performance of the nursing students in a pharmacology course does not change if item sequencing is not according to the course plan content sequence.
Play = Learning: How Play Motivates and Enhances Children's Cognitive and Social-Emotional Growth

Why is it that the best and brightest of our children are arriving at college too burned out to profit from the smorgasbord of intellectual delights that they are offered? Why is it that some preschools and kindergartens have a majority of children struggling to master cognitive tasks that are inappropriate for their age? Why is playtime often considered to be time unproductively spent? In Play=Learning, top experts in child development and learning contend that the answers to these questions stem from a single source: in the rush to create a generation of Einsteins, our culture has forgotten about the importance of play for children's development. Presenting a powerful argument about the pervasive and long-term effects of play, Singer, Golinkoff, and Hirsh-Pasek urge researchers and practitioners to reconsider the ways play facilitates development across domains. Over forty years of developmental research indicates that play has enormous benefits to offer children, not the least of which is physical activity in this era of obesity and hypertension. Play provides children with the opportunity to maximize their attention spans, learn to get along with peers, cultivate their creativity, work through their emotions, and gain the academic skills that are the foundation for later learning. Using a variety of methods and studying a wide range of populations, the contributors to this volume demonstrate the powerful effects of play in the intellectual, social, and emotional spheres. Play=Learning will be an important resource for students and researchers in developmental psychology. Its research-based policy recommendations will be valuable to teachers, counselors, and school psychologists in their quest to reintroduce play and joyful learning into our school rooms and living rooms.
The Search for Purpose in Life: An Exploration of Purpose, the Search Process, and Purpose Anxiety

This paper is concerned with the search for purpose—defined as the attempt to find or enact one’s unique purpose in life. While much is known about the benefits of a purposeful existence (i.e., higher levels of happiness, life satisfaction and general well-being, reduced risk for psychopathologies, and greater physical health), far less is known about the effects of the search process. The first half of this document reviews what psychologists know about purpose, the benefits of purpose, and the search for purpose. The second half explores a new construct: purpose anxiety, a term meant to encapsulate the negative ramifications of the struggle for purpose in life. It also presents the findings of an original research study conducted to gather empirical data on purpose, the search for purpose, and purpose anxiety as perceived and experienced by American adults. Results indicated that the vast majority of people crave a sense of purpose in life, but nearly always encounter purpose anxiety during their search process, no matter the searcher’s age. Results also showed that purpose anxiety significantly hampers well-being—both overall and each element of PERMA. This project in no way intends to suggest that individuals should avoid searching for purpose. Rather, it merely means to enhance psychology’s knowledge of the search process so that interventions may be developed to prevent or mitigate the psychological distress that so often accompanies the struggle for purpose in life.
Perceptual Influences on Use of Fixed Lines and Mobile Phones

Notwithstanding the increase in uptake of mobile phones in Australia, fixed line phones remain in extensive use. The Australian population is one of the highest users of fixed line phones in the world. In the absence of any models appropriate to this domain, a model for uptake and usage of established technology, and in particular fixed lines is proposed. The findings of this study revealed that the variables that influence drivers to use fixed lines differed from those that predict the use of mobile phones. The model also explores the contribution of a new proposed predictor variable towards the continued use of technology - subjective newness.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stenosis and revision: early and midterm results.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to define the pattern, rate, and interval during which stenosis develops in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) and to assess the effect of revision in prolonging shunt patency. MATERIALS AND METHODS TIPS were created in 100 patients during a 34-month period. Sixty-one shunt venograms were obtained in 38 consecutive patients between 1 and 24 months after TIPS placement. Eighteen patients were examined because of recurrent symptoms, and all 38 had routine follow-up. RESULTS Stenoses attributed to neointimal hyperplasia developed within both the TIPS stent and the outflow hepatic veins. Stenoses of greater than 50% developed in 12 patients within 6 months of TIPS placement. In addition to focal stenoses, the outflow hepatic veins diffusely shrank an average of 51% in diameter. Thirty-six shunt interventions were required: eleven balloon dilatations and 25 placements of an additional stent. Life-table analysis showed that patency of the primary shunt was 75% at 6 months, 50% at 1 year, and 32% at 2 years. The primary-assisted patency of the shunt was 85% at 12 months after shunt creation. CONCLUSION The results indicate that TIPS are prone to significant and frequent early stenosis, warranting follow-up within 3-6 months in all cases. Stenosis of the outflow hepatic vein is the most common cause of shunt malfunction. Revision of a shunt significantly prolongs shunt patency.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Type III Effectors EspG and EspG2 Disrupt the Microtubule Network of Intestinal Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection of intestinal epithelial cells leads to localized depletion of the microtubule cytoskeleton, an effect that is dependent on delivery of type III translocated effector proteins EspG and Orf3 (designated EspG2) to the site of depletion. Microtubule depletion involved disruption rather than displacement of microtubules.
Dodecylguanidine monoacetate (dodine) causes severe membrane damage in Pseudomonas syringae above the critical micelle concentration

The release of K + from Pseudomonas syringae cells treated with dodecylguanidine monoacetate (dodine) was followed with a K+‐selective glass electrode. Treatment of the cells with 5–15 μmol/1 dodine resulted in low levels of K+ release, but higher surfactant concentrations caused extensive and rapid K+ efflux. Dodine concentrations that caused high K+ release also induced significant leakage of inorganic phosphate. The addition of 5–10 μmol/1 dodine also caused an increase in the rate of oxygen consumption in the presence of glycerol or succinate, but an increase in concentration from 10 to 40 μmol/1 resulted in a concomitant decrease in O2 consumption. The results from this and previous work suggest that dodine inhibits respiration firstly by causing drainage of coenzymes, and then by a direct interaction with the components of the respiratory chain.
Inter‐organizational relationship strategies and management styles in SMEs: The US‐China‐Russia study

Purpose – The paper seeks to investigate and conceptualize differences in managerial styles and inter‐organizational relationship (IOR) strategies of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in the international environment, and make managerial implications useful for business practitioners and educators.Design/methodology/approach – The study applies comparative management research methodology. The management style dimensions analyzed in the paper are supervision, decision making, information‐sharing styles, and paternalistic orientation. The types of IOR strategies considered are conjugate, confederate, agglomeratic, and organic. Data were collected through surveying managers of entrepreneurial firms from the USA, China, and Russia, operating in the same industry. Factor analysis was applied for scale validation, and regression models were used for hypotheses testing.Findings – The relationship between managerial styles and types of IOR strategies pursued by SMEs was documented. The cross‐cultural diff.
Plastic surgery telehealth consultation expedites Emergency Department treatment

Plastic surgery is a field that is particularly amenable to a telehealth milieu, as visual exam and radiographs guide proper diagnosis and management. The goals of this study were to evaluate telehealth feedback executed through an iPad app for plastic surgery-related consultations. A Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement (QA/QI) study was conducted over a 1-month period during which patients with hand injuries, facial injuries, or acute wounds presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) of a level-one trauma centre and university hospital were monitored. The study utilized a commercial iPad application through which up to four images and a brief history could be sent to a remote Plastic Surgery Educator (PSE) for evaluation. The PSE would respond with best practice information, references and videos to assist ED point-of-care providers. During the 1-month period of this study, there were 42 ED consultations for plastic surgical conditions. There was a highly significant difference in overall mean response time between consultants and PSEs (48.3 minutes vs. 8.9 minutes respectively, p < 0.001). The agreement between PSEs and consultants regarding patient assessment and care was 85.7% for in-person consultations and 100% for phone consultations. In four cases of telephone consultations, the ED providers placed splints incorrectly on hand-injured patients. Our results show that telehealth consultations to a remote plastic surgeon based on digital images and a brief history were able to produce timely and accurate responses in an emergency care facility. This design may have significant impact in rural areas, underserved populations, or regions abroad.
Intrinsic Religious Orientation and Mental Health in Later Life

This dissertation research project was conducted to investigate religion as a coping resource in later life. The major proposition of the study was that intrinsic religious orientation is positively associated with mental health in late life. A forty three-item questionnaire was distributed to residents of four independent retirement communities resulting in a sixty-six percent return rate. The convenience sample of 214 individuals, with a mean age of 81.94 years, consisted of 156 female and 58 male respondents. Intrinsic religious orientation was held as the independent variable, while mental health was the dependent variable. Stress vulnerability characteristics were held as control variables including age, gender, education, stressful life events, marital status, perceived social support, and physical health. The zero order correlation between the independent and dependent variables was r = . 128, sig. = . 034 (1 tailed). When all control variables were entered, the relationship between intrinsic religious orientation and mental remained, r = . 116, sig. = 046 (1 tailed). Regression analysis produced three predictors of mental health for females: stressful life events, age, and intrinsic religious orientation. Intrinsic religious orientation did not significantly change the relationship between stressful life events and mental health. A highly narrow variability in the sample limited stronger results. Findings indicate the importance of further investigation into religion as a coping resource, especially among older females.
A Mechanistic Investigation of Anesthesia-Induced Spatial Learning Deficits in Aged Rats

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Anesthesia-induced spatial learning impairments in aged rats model postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the elderly surgical population. Mechanisms underlying both normal age-related cognitive decline and anesthesia-induced spatial learning deficits in aged rats were investigated. With respect to the involvement of inflammasome activation and age-related cognitive decline, I hypothesized that the aged hippocampus exhibits an elevated activation of inflammasome components contributing to elevated levels of IL-1β in the aged brain. Age-related cognitive decline was identified in a subpopulation of male Fischer 344 rats. Activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome was elevated in the aged brain, contributing to spatial learning deficits in aged rats. With respect to anesthesia-induced spatial learning impairment in aged rats, I hypothesized that an increase in NR2B subunit in the hippocampus and cortex during and following isoflurane anesthesia exposure resulting in spatial learning impairment in aged rats via disruption of downstream signaling molecule, extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK). Anesthesia exposure resulted in chronic spatial learning impairment in aged rats that were previously unimpaired in spatial learning tasks. Additionally, anesthesia induced elevated levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR2B subunit protein expression in aged. It was concluded that various factors contribute to age-related spatial impairment including: NLRP1 inflammasome activation and NMDA receptor NR2B protein expression elevation. It was also concluded that anesthesia exposure exacerbates the elevation in NR2B protein expression in the aged brain, with subsequent disruption of ERK activation leading to chronic spatial learning deficits in aged rats. In the final chapter, a relationship for the interplay between inflammation and NMDA receptor function in the aged brain is discussed. In addition, a novel mechanism for anesthesia-induced cognitive deficits is presented. Therapeutic treatments for cognitive decline and anesthesia-induced cognitive deficits are explored. Finally, future lines of research are proposed.
Transposition of DEH, a Broad-Host-Range Transposon Flanked by ISPpu12, in Pseudomonas putida Is Associated with Genomic Rearrangements and Dehalogenase Gene Silencing

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida strain PP3 produces two hydrolytic dehalogenases encoded by dehI and dehII, which are members of different deh gene families. The 9.74-kb DEH transposon containing dehI and its cognate regulatory gene, dehRI, was isolated from strain PP3 by using the TOL plasmid pWW0. DEH was fully sequenced and shown to have a composite transposon structure, within which dehI and dehRI were divergently transcribed and were flanked on either side by 3.73-kb identical direct repeats. The flanking repeat unit, designated ISPpu12, had the structure of an insertion sequence in that it was bordered by 24-bp near-perfect inverted repeats and contained four open reading frames (ORFs), one of which was identified as tnpA, putatively encoding an ISL3 family transposase. A putative lipoprotein signal peptidase was encoded by an adjacent ORF, lspA, and the others, ISPpu12 orf1 and orf2, were tentatively identified as a truncated cation efflux transporter gene and a PbrR family regulator gene, respectively. The orf1-orf2 intergenic region contained an exact match with a previously described active, outward-orientated promoter, Pout. Transposition of DEH-ISPpu12 was investigated by cloning the whole transposon into a suicide plasmid donor, pAWT34, and transferring the construct to various recipients. In this way DEH-ISPpu12 was shown to transpose in a broad range of Proteobacteria. Transposition of ISPpu12 independently from DEH, and inverse transposition, whereby the vector DNA and ISPpu12 inserted into the target genome without the deh genes, were also observed to occur at high frequencies in P. putida PaW340. Transposition of a second DEH-ISPpu12 derivative introduced exogenously into P. putida PP3 via the suicide donor pAWT50 resulted in silencing of resident dehI and dehII genes in about 10% of transposition transconjugants and provided a genetic link between transposition of ISPpu12 and dehalogenase gene silencing. Database searches identified ISPpu12-related sequences in several bacterial species, predominantly associated with plasmids and xenobiotic degradative genes. The potential role of ISPpu12 in gene silencing and activation, as well as the adaptation of bacteria to degrade xenobiotic compounds, is discussed.