Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole improves clinical and microbiologic results of one-stage, full-mouth, ultrasonic debridement in aggressive periodontitis treatment.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study is to assess clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic benefits of amoxicillin/metronidazole (AM) when performing full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) treatment. METHODS Twenty-four GAgP patients were divided into two groups: the FMUD group (n = 12), which received FMUD plus placebo, and the FMUD+AM group (n = 12), which received FMUD and 375 mg amoxicillin plus 250 mg metronidazole for 7 days. The following clinical outcomes were tested: plaque and bleeding on probing indices, pocket probing depth (PD), relative gingival margin position (GMP), and relative clinical attachment level (CAL). Total amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentration of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-1β were also determined. All clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic parameters were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post-therapy. The ANOVA/Tukey test was used for statistical analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS Amoxicillin/metronidazole used as an adjunct to the FMUD protocol added clinical and microbiologic benefits to GAgP treatment (P <0.05). FMUD+AM groups presented an additional PD reduction in initially deep PDs at the 3-month follow-up (3.99 ± 1.16 mm and 3.09 ± 0.78 mm for FMUD+AM and FMUD, respectively; P <0.05), a lower number of residual pockets at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups, and a statistical reduction in amounts of Aa (P <0.05). Analysis of Tf and Pg amounts, as well as IL-10 and IL-1β GCF concentrations failed to demonstrate a difference between the groups (P >0.05). CONCLUSION It may be concluded that amoxicillin/metronidazole improves clinical and microbiologic results of FMUD in GAgP treatment.
Automatic online localization of nodes in an active sensor network

Localization of nodes within a sensing network is a fundamental requirement for many applications. This paper proposes a method by which sensors self-localize based on their uncertain observations of other nodes in the network, using both Monte Carlo and Kalman filtering techniques. The proposed methods are demonstrated in a laboratory environment where stationary camera nodes self-localized in real-time by observing Pioneer robots moving about within their field of view. The robots take observations of surveyed beacons in the environment and provide estimates of their poses to the rest of the network.
Anaesthesia and Post-operative Analgesia following Experimental Surgery in Laboratory Rodents: Are we Making Progress?

Current attitudes to the use of animals in biomedical research require that any pain or distress should be minimised. This can often be achieved by the use of appropriate anaesthetic and analgesic regimens. There, is however, little information on the peri-operative regimens used. A literature review was conducted to estimate how commonly analgesics are administered to laboratory rodents, the most widely used species of laboratory animals, and to assess the anaesthetic regimens employed. Studies describing potentially painful experimental procedures involving rodents were identified from peer-reviewed journals published from 1990 to 1992 and from 2000 to 2002. In papers published between 2000 and 2002, if analgesic administration was not specified, the institutional veterinary surgeons or authors of the papers were contacted by e-mail to obtain additional information on analgesic use. From 1992 to 2002, there was an increase in the reported prevalence of analgesic administration to laboratory rodents from 2.7% to 19.8%. Although the use of analgesics has increased over the past ten years, the overall level of post-operative pain relief for laboratory rodents is still low. Anaesthetic methodology changed markedly between the two time-periods sampled. Notably, there was an increase in the use of isoflurane and of injectable anaesthetic combinations such as ketamine/xylazine, whereas the use of ether and methoxyflurane decreased.
Epigenetic Modifications during Angiosperm Gametogenesis

Angiosperms do not contain a distinct germline, but rather develop gametes from gametophyte initials that undergo cell division. These gametes contain cells that give rise to an endosperm and the embryo. DNA methylation is decreased in the vegetative nucleus (VN) and central cell nuclei (CCN) resulting in expression of transposable elements (TEs). It is thought that the siRNAs produced in response to TE expression are able to travel to the sperm cells and egg cells (EC) from VN and CCN, respectively, in order to enforce silencing there. Demethylation during gametogenesis helps ensure that even newly integrated TEs are expressed and therefore silenced by the resulting siRNA production. A final form of epigenetic control is modification of histones, which includes accumulation of the H3 variant HTR10 in mature sperm that is then completely replaced following fertilization. In females, the histone isoforms present in the EC and CCN differ, potentially helping to differentiate the two components during gametogenesis.
Nucleoprotein Changes in Plant Tumor Growth

Tumor cell transformation and growth were studied in a plant neoplasm, crown gall of bean, induced by Agrobacterium rubi. Ribose nucleic acid (RNA), deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA), histone, and total protein were estimated by microphotometry of nuclei, nucleoli, and cytoplasm in stained tissue sections. Transformation of normal cells to tumor cells was accompanied by marked increases in ribonucleoprotein content of affected tissues, reaching a maximum 2 to 3 days after inoculation with virulent bacteria. Increased DNA levels were in part associated with increased mitotic frequency, but also with progressive accumulation of nuclei in the higher DNA classes, formed by repeated DNA doubling without intervening reduction by mitosis. Some normal nuclei of the higher DNA classes (with 2, 4, or 8 times the DNA content of diploid nuclei) were reduced to diploid levels by successive cell divisions without intervening DNA synthesis. The normal relation between DNA synthesis and mitosis was thus disrupted in tumor tissue. Nevertheless, clearly defined DNA classes, as found in homologous normal tissues, were maintained in the tumor at all times.
Differential requirement of Salvador-Warts-Hippo pathway members for organ size control in Drosophila melanogaster

The Salvador-Warts-Hippo (SWH) pathway contains multiple growth-inhibitory proteins that control organ size during development by limiting activity of the Yorkie oncoprotein. Increasing evidence indicates that these growth inhibitors act in a complex network upstream of Yorkie. This complexity is emphasised by the distinct phenotypes of tissue lacking different SWH pathway genes. For example, eye tissue lacking the core SWH pathway components salvador, warts or hippo is highly overgrown and resistant to developmental apoptosis, whereas tissue lacking fat or expanded is not. Here we explore the relative contribution of SWH pathway proteins to organ size control by determining their temporal activity profile throughout Drosophila melanogaster eye development. We show that eye tissue lacking fat, expanded or discs overgrown displays elevated Yorkie activity during the larval growth phase of development, but not in the pupal eye when apoptosis ensues. Fat and Expanded do possess Yorkie-repressive activity in the pupal eye, but loss of fat or expanded at this stage of development can be compensated for by Merlin. Fat appears to repress Yorkie independently of Dachs in the pupal eye, which would contrast with the mode of action of Fat during larval development. Fat is more likely to restrict Yorkie activity in the pupal eye together with Expanded, given that pupal eye tissue lacking both these genes resembles that of tissue lacking either gene. This study highlights the complexity employed by different SWH pathway proteins to control organ size at different stages of development.
Magnetic thermoablation stimuli alter BCL2 and FGF-R1 but not HSP70 expression profiles in BT474 breast tumors

Magnetically induced heating of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) in an alternating magnetic field (AMF) is a promising minimal invasive tool for localized tumor treatment that eradicates tumor cells by applying thermal stress. While temperatures between 42°C and 45°C induce apoptosis and sensitize the cells for chemo- and radiation therapies when applied for at least 30 minutes, temperatures above 50°C, so-called thermoablative temperatures, rapidly induce irreversible cell damage resulting in necrosis. Since only little is known concerning the protein expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGF-R1), and heat shock protein (HSP70) after short-time magnetic thermoablative tumor treatment, these relevant tumor proteins were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a human BT474 breast cancer mouse xenograft model. In the investigated sample groups, the application of thermoablative temperatures (<2 minutes) led to a downregulation of BCL2 and FGF-R1 on the protein level while the level of HSP70 remained unchanged. Coincidently, the tumor tissue was damaged by heat, resulting in large apoptotic and necrotic areas in regions with high MNP concentration. Taken together, thermoablative heating induced via magnetic methods can reduce the expression of tumor-related proteins and locally inactivate tumor tissue, leading to a prospectively reduced tumorigenicity of cancerous tissues. The presented data allow a deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms in relation to magnetic thermoablative tumor treatments with the aim of further improvements.
Detect of human fecal contamination in water and soil of multiple sanitary landfills in Baghdad city

Pollution of the local site has the potential of causing a number of issues as a result of pollution of local environment such as contamination of ground water or aquifers or soil contamination, improper dumping of rubbish, garbage, or other sorts of solid wastes and lack of facilities maintenance, poorly run landfills may become nuisances to the environment because poorly manage landfill attracts vectors such as rats and flies which can cause infectious diseases. The occurrence of such vectors can be mitigated through the use of daily cover. The aim of this study is to detect E. coil in ground water and soil around solid waste disposal in three landfill sites in Baghdad city. Three sites of landfill, located in south Baghdad city, Iraq, were used in this study during the period from 1 March 2013 to 1 March 2014. The sites were namely, Al-Emarry, AlBoaatha, Erkaia and Fathel. The groundwater and soil from these three city were manually sampled using clean containers. Macro analysis was done by the necked eyes by observing odour and the color of water samples, also pH meter was used to evaluate the pH value in the soil and water samples, while micro analysis was done on specimens collected by streaking method with the use of MacConke ager and nutrient agar surface and the specimens was incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Bacteriological and biochemical tests were performed to recover E. coil, viable cell counts. Statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), and P-value < 0.05 indicates significant differences. This study shows that the value of pH in soil sample vary from 7.1 to 7.4 in the studied area. The value recorded in Al-Boaatha site is 7.45, while the water samples from Al-Emarry site show highest value (8.4), comparing with each other. Viable cell count demonstrated that E. coli constitutes a higher number (2400/100 ml) in soil solution from Erkaia and Fathel site compared with other sites. According to most probable number (MPN) of total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), E. coli and fecal streptococci assessment in the soil and water samples, the result revealed that E. coli has the highest statistical significant differences in Erkaia and Fathel site among three sites. In conclusion, water samples from the studied area were contaminated and this in-turn has social and environmental impact. Due to lack of alternatives to another source of water, many individual from the studies area still consume the water.
Altered Minimal Coronary Resistance to Antegrade Reflow After Chronic Coronary Artery Occlusion in Swine

We examined coronary pressure-flow relations after chronic coronary artery occlusion induced by placement of an ameroid occluder on the left circumflex coronary artery in swine. An acute open-chest procedure was performed in nine pigs 27 ± 2 days (mean ± SEM) after surgical placement of the ameroid occluder, and in eight nonoperated control pigs. Coronary vascular resistances were measured during maximal coronary vasodilation with adenosine. Minimal coronary resistance was assessed before and after cannulation and extracorporeal perfusion of the left circumflex coronary artery distal to the site of the ameroid occluder in pigs from the ameroid group and in a similar site in control pigs. Minimal coronary resistance to antegrade reflow in the left circumflex region was decreased significantly in ameroid pigs compared with control pigs (0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.26 ± 0.03 mm Hg ± min ± 100 g/ml, p<0.001, respectively). Decreased minimal coronary vascular resistance was present transmurally in the left circumflex region of ameroid pigs. Altered vascular resistance occurred only in myocardium distal to the ameroid occluder since the nonoccluded left anterior descending region in ameroid pigs had minimal coronary resistance similar to that of the same region from control pigs (0.23 ± 0.03 vs. 0.19 ± 0.02 mm Hg ± min ± 100 g/ml). Thus altered minimal coronary vascular resistance occurs and probably reflects vascular proliferation and/or vascular alterations which result in an increased total cross-sectional area of the vasculature in the myocardium distal to the occlusion.
Imaging Polarimetry for Industrial Inspection

The use of the polarisation properties of light for the determination of significant aspects of surfaces in an industrial setting is considered. It is concluded that the technique is both general and robust enough to warrant development. An example is presented of the use of the polarisation signature of surfaces to achieve efficient segmentation of metals and dielectrics in the presence both of uneven lighting and of a lacquer coating. The technique is intrinsically simple given a suitable image acquisition scheme and the necessary images could be acquired at video rates using only simple circuitry. The design of polarising optics is considered briefly.
Onset time and haemodynamic response after thiopental vs. propofol in the elderly: a randomized trial

Background: The induction dose of hypnotic agents should be reduced in the elderly, but it is not well studied whether thiopental or propofol should be preferred in this group of patients. The aim of this study was to compare onset time, hypnosis level and the haemodynamic response after thiopental vs. propofol for induction of anaesthesia. Our primary hypothesis was that in the elderly, thiopental had a shorter onset time than propofol, defined as time to bispectral index (BIS) <50.
Lightweight process migration and memory prefetching in openMosix

We propose a lightweight process migration mechanism and an adaptive memory prefetching scheme called AMPoM (adaptive memory prefetching in openMosix), whose goal is to reduce the migration freeze time in openMosix while ensuring the execution efficiency of migrants. To minimize the freeze time, our system transfers only a few pages to the destination node during process migration. After the migration, AMPoM analyzes the spatial locality of memory access and iteratively prefetches memory pages from remote to hide the latency of inter-node page faults. AMPoM adopts a unique algorithm to decide which and how many pages to prefetch. It tends to prefetch more aggressively when a sequential access pattern is developed, when the paging rate of the process is high or when the network is busy. This advanced strategy makes AMPoM highly adaptive to different application behaviors and system dynamics. The HPC Challenge benchmark results show that AMPoM can avoid 98% of migration freeze time while preventing 85-99% of page fault requests after the migration. Compared to openMosix which does not have remote page fault, AMPoM induces a modest overhead of 0-5% additional runtime. When the working set of a migrant is small, AMPoM outperforms openMosix considerably due to the reduced amount of data transfer. These results indicate that by exploiting memory access locality and prefetching, process migration can be a lightweight operation with little software overhead in remote paging.
Randomised controlled trial of the Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of the Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention by comparison to a control group. Design A pragmatic, open plan, parallel group, randomised controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. Setting Two public speech clinics in New Zealand. Participants Stuttering preschool children who presented to the speech clinics for treatment. Inclusion criteria were age 3-6 years and frequency of stuttering of at least 2% syllables stuttered. Exclusion criteria were onset of stuttering during the six months before recruitment and treatment for stuttering during the previous 12 months. 54 participants were randomised: 29 to the Lidcombe programme arm and 25 to the control arm. 12 of the participants were girls. Intervention Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention. Main outcome measures Frequency of stuttering was measured as the proportion of syllables stuttered, from audiotaped recordings of participants' conversational speech outside the clinic. Parents in both arms of the trial collected speech samples in three different speaking situations before randomisation and at three, six, and nine months after randomisation. Results Analysis showed a highly significant difference (P = 0.003) at nine months after randomisation. The mean proportion of syllables stuttered at nine months after randomisation was 1.5% (SD 1.4) for the treatment arm and 3.9% (SD 3.5) for the control arm, giving an effect size of 2.3% of syllables stuttered (95% confidence interval 0.8 to 3.9). This effect size was more than double the minimum clinically worthwhile difference specified in the trial protocol. Conclusions The results provide evidence from a randomised controlled trial to support early intervention for stuttering. The Lidcombe programme is an efficacious treatment for stuttering in children of preschool age.
Oncogene-triggered suppression of DNA repair leads to DNA instability in cancer

DNA instability is an important contributor to cancer development. Previously, defects in the chromosome segregation and excessive DNA double strand breaks due to the replication or oxidative stresses were implicated in DNA instability in cancer. Here, we demonstrate that DNA instability can directly result from the oncogene-induced senescence signaling. Expression of the activated form of Her2 oncogene, NeuT, in immortalized breast epithelial cells led to downregulation of the major DNA repair factor histone H2AX and a number of other components of the HR and NHEJ double strand DNA breaks repair pathways. H2AX expression was regulated at the transcriptional level via a senescence pathway involving p21-mediated regulation of CDK and Rb1. The p21-dependent downregulation of H2AX was seen both in cell culture and the MMTV-neu mouse model of Her2-positive breast cancer. Importantly, downregulation of H2AX upon Her2/NeuT expression impaired repair of double strand DNA breaks. This impairment resulted in both increased DNA instability in the form of somatic copy number alterations, and in increased sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. Overall, these findings indicate that the Her2/NeuT oncogene signaling directly potentiates DNA instability and increases sensitivity to DNA damaging treatments.
Modulations of the Diurnal Cycle of Coastal Rainfall over South China Caused by the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation

The influence of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) on the diurnal cycle of coastal rainfall over south China during the mei-yu (heavy rainfall) season is investigated using the OLR-based Madden–Julian oscillation index (OMI), satellite rainfall data, and atmospheric reanalysis. Results show that the mei-yu season coastal rainfall is enhanced during the BSISO phase 1 (convectively active phase over the western Indian Ocean), with 25% greater rainfall than the climatological regional mean. Rainfall is suppressed during the BSISO phases 4 and 5 (convectively active phase in the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea), with negative rainfall anomalies of 39% and 46%, respectively. During phase 1, the rainfall enhancement is mostly over the inland region during the afternoon, while there is little diurnal variability of the rainfall anomaly offshore. During phases 4 and 5, the rainfall suppression is considerably stronger over the offshore region in the morning, whereas stronger rainfall suppression occurs inland during the afternoon. In phase 8, positive rainfall anomalies are found over the offshore region with a peak from the morning to the early afternoon, whereas negative rainfall anomalies are found over the inland region with the strongest suppression in the late afternoon. Analysis of phase composites and horizontal moisture advection shows that the diurnal variation of rainfall anomalies over the south China coastal area during different BSISO phases can be interpreted as the interaction between the large-scale anomalous moisture advection and the local land and sea breeze circulations.
50 Hz Magnetic Fields of 1 mT do not Promote Lymphoma Development in AKR/J Mice

Abstract Sommer, A. M. and Lerchl, A. 50 Hz Magnetic Fields of 1 mT do not Promote Lymphoma Development in AKR/J Mice. Radiat. Res. 165, 343–349 (2006). Some epidemiological studies suggest that exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields increases the risk of leukemia, especially in children with high residential exposures. In contrast, most animal studies did not find a correlation between magnetic-field exposure and hematopoietic diseases. The present study was performed to investigate whether chronic, high-level (1 mT) magnetic-field exposure had an influence on lymphoma development in a mouse strain that is genetically predisposed to thymic lymphoblastic lymphoma. Three groups of 160 unrestrained female AKR/J mice were sham-exposed or exposed to sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields beginning at the age of 12 weeks for 32 weeks, 7 days per week, either for 24 h per day or only during nighttime (12 h). Exposure was carried out in a blind design. Exposure did not affect survival time, body weight, lymphoma development or hematological parameters. The resulting data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic fields is a significant risk factor for hematopoietic diseases, even at this relatively high exposure level.