Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different Regulation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 Gene Expression by Phorbol Ester and cAMP in Human Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line PL-21

Summary Previous studies have shown that protein kinase C (PKC) activators and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (Bt2cAMP) synergistically increase the antigen level of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2 (PAI-2) in a human myeloid leukemia cell line PL-21. To clarify the mechanism, PAI-2 gene expression induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, and Bt2cAMP was investigated by Northern blot hybridization using a PAI-2 cDNA probe cloned from a human placental library. The level of PAI-2 mRNA was markedly increased in response to PMA and reached a maximum 5-9 h after stimulation. Nuclear run-on assay revealed an increase in PAI-2 gene transcription in PMA-treated cells. The induction was inhibited by inhibiting de novo protein synthesis with cycloheximide (CHX). cAMP also increased PAI-2 mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. The increase began within 2 hours and, contrary to the case of PMA, the mRNA levels were maintained. Moreover, cAMP-induced increase in PAI-2 mRNA was not inhibited by CHX, rather enhanced. PMA and cAMP synergistically induced PAI-2 gene expression, which was completely inhibited by CHX. The cells pretreated with PMA for 24 h did not any more respond to stimulation with PMA but responded to cAMP and PAI-2 mRNA level was increased. The apparent half-life of constitutive level PAI-2 mRNA in PL-21 cells, determined by actinomycin-D-decay experiments, was approximately 2 h. Those induced by PMA and cAMP were approximately 5 h and 2 h, respectively. These data suggest that PAI-2 mRNA induced by PMA is relatively stable and the expression requires de novo protein synthesis, whereas cAMP increases PAI-2 mRNA level without affecting the stability and the induction does not require de novo protein synthesis. Judging from these data, PAI-2 gene expression appears to be differently regulated by the PKC and cAMP signalling pathways.
Doing more with less: An analysis of work life balance among layoff survivors

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine how increased work overload of layoff survivors relates to their work‐life balance and job and life satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect data from 510 layoff survivors in a high tech company. Regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test the hypotheses. Findings – The study found that layoff survivors experience higher levels of workload which impact overall role overload that negatively affects work‐life balance. Findings suggest that high workloads experienced by layoff survivors contribute to reduced job and life satisfaction through reduced work‐life balance as a mediating mechanism. Research limitations/implications – The data used in this paper is cross‐sectional and conducted within a single organization. Also, most of the data is obtained from self report survey data and subject to common method bias. As such, longitudinal studies are recommended for future research. Originality/value – This study makes a contribution by joining two distinct research streams – the job loss literature with research on work‐family issues. Findings suggest that high workloads experienced by layoff survivors contribute to reduced job and life satisfaction with work‐life balance acting as a mediator. Future research should determine whether these findings generalize to diverse layoff survivors in distinct industries, and assess whether these phenomena change over time.
Glycoinositolphospholipids of Leishmania major inhibit nitric oxide synthesis and reduce leishmanicidal activity in murine macrophages

Murine macrophages express high levels of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and produce large amounts of nitric oxide when activated with interferon‐γ and lipopolysaccharide in vitro. Nitric oxide is a mediator of a variety of biological functions including microbicidal activity against the protozoan parasite Leishmania species. Glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPL) are the predominant surface glycolipids in both developmental stages of Leishmania major. We report here that GIPL can inhibit the synthesis of NO in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. In contrast, lipophosphoglycan, which is present in the promastigote stage did not inhibit NO synthesis. GIPL‐treated macrophages also showed markedly reduced leishmanicidal activity. The majority of the inhibitory activity of GIPL was found within the alkylacylglycerol moiety of the GIPL molecule. These data, therefore, suggest that GIPL may contribute towards the survival of the parasite in the immune hosts.
Detailed Vibration Analysis of Pinion Gear with Time-Frequency Methods

In this paper, the authors show a detailed analysis of the vibration signal from the destructive testing of a spiral bevel gear and pinion pair containing seeded faults. The vibration signal is analyzed in the time domain, frequency domain and with four time-frequency transforms: the Short Time Frequency Transform (STFT), the Wigner-Ville Distribution with the Choi-Williams kernel (WV-CW), the Continuous Wavelet' Transform (CWT) and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Vibration data of bevel gear tooth fatigue cracks, under a variety of operating load levels and damage conditions, are analyzed using these methods. A new metric for automatic anomaly detection is developed and can be produced from any systematic numerical representation of the vibration signals. This new metric reveals indications of gear damage with all of the time-frequency transforms, as well as time and frequency representations, on this data set. Analysis with the CWT detects changes in the signal at low torque levels not found with the other transforms. The WV-CW and CWT use considerably more resources than the STFT and the DWT. More testing of the new metric is needed to determine its value for automatic anomaly detection and to develop fault detection methods for the metric.
Who Shapes the National Security Debate? Divergent Interpretations of Japan's Security Role

With East Asian international relations in flux since the end of the Cold War, Japan's security role is critical in influencing the region's future. In this article, the author examines Japanese opinion leaders' attitudes toward relations with Asian countries, the U.S.-Japan security alliance, the role of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, and Japan's culpability for the Fifteen-Year War of 1931-45. The four major contemporary security strands in Japan—pacifism, mercantilism, normalism, and nationalism—are analyzed. The author argues that normalism continues to rise in the post-Cold War era as the rightist conservatives (normalists) gradually gain predominance over the moderate conservatives (mercantilists).
The Media and the Black Response

African American men have played a role in all aspects of the media in the United States, but their participation has not always been welcomed or come easily. The dominant media have either excluded African Americans or portrayed them in such a bad light that some black people may have preferred exclusion. But over the years African Americans have used adversity to motivate them to create opportunities for themselves. Racist editorial attacks on black people motivated Samuel Cornish and John Russworm to found the country's first black newspaper. Years later, Percy Sutton purchased his first station, WLIB radio (New York), as a means of marshaling political power for the city's black and Hispanic communities. As the twentieth century comes to a close, African American men work in all areas of the media in positions ranging from technicians to owners. The level of their authority and their images vary, but they have a definite presence.
Genome-Wide Profiling of TRACK Kidneys Shows Similarity to the Human ccRCC Transcriptome

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common cancer arising from the kidney in adults, with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) representing the majority of all RCCs. Expression of a human HIF1α triple-mutant (P402A, P564A, and N803A) construct in the proximal tubule cells of C57BL/6 mice [TRAnsgenic model of Cancer of the Kidney (TRACK); ref. 1] mimics the histologic changes found in early stage human ccRCC. To better understand the genomic landscape, a high-throughput sequence analysis was performed with cDNA libraries (RNAseq) derived from TRACK transgenic positive (TG+) kidney cortex along with human ccRCC transcripts from the Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Importantly, the expression profiles of TRACK TG+ kidneys show significant similarities with those observed in human ccRCC, including increased expression of genes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Some of the transcripts overexpressed in both the TRACK mouse model and human ccRCC include ANKRD37, CA9, EGLN3, HK2, NDUFA4L2, and SLC16A3. These data suggest that constitutive activation of HIF1α in kidney proximal tubule cells transcriptionally reprograms the regulation of metabolic pathways in the kidney and that HIF1α is a major contributor to the altered metabolism observed in human ccRCC. Implications: TRACK (GGT-HIF1αM3) kidney mRNA profiles show similarities to human ccRCC transcriptome and phenotypes associated with the Warburg effect. Mol Cancer Res; 13(5); 870–8. ©2015 AACR.
Mental set and mental shift revisited

In 1927, Jersild found that alternately subtracting 3 from a two-digit number and giving the common opposite to a word in a mixed list of numbers and words was faster than the average speed of subtracting 3s from a pure list of numbers and giving the opposites to a pure list of words. Experiment I replicated those findings: mixed lists were slightly, albeit nonsignificantly, faster than pure lists. Experiments II, III, and IV were designed to determine why changes of set did not slow performance on mixed lists: the results suggest that a shift of operations will take little or no time if the stimulus can serve as a retrieval cue for the operation to be performed on it. But changes of set will have a large effect when the selection of the appropriate operation requires that one keep track of previously performed operations.
Service Learning in a Pediatric Weight Management Program to Address Childhood Obesity

ABSTRACT This paper describes an inter-professional service learning collaboration and reflects benefits and considerations when incorporating a family-oriented approach in the community-based pediatric weight management program. Because obesity has tremendous consequences on a nation's health and economy, a pediatrician in a community health network has utilized an inter-professional team to implement a pediatric weight management program targeting children between the ages of 8 and 15 years. The team incorporates a culturally sensitive curriculum using a family-oriented approach for obesity prevention and intervention. Physicians, registered dietitians, occupational therapists, nurse practitioners, and mental health professionals assist participants in adopting a healthier lifestyle by addressing physical and psychosocial issues related to obesity, developing a nutrition plan, making healthier food choices, and finding fun ways to be more physically active. Graduate occupational therapy students work closely with the team members to assist delivery of interactive activities and behavior intervention.
How principals cultivate a culture of critical spirituality

The field of socially‐just educational leadership focuses on identifying and ameliorating marginalization and inequity in schools. Critical spirituality is emerging as a powerful support within this field. Critical spirituality, a combination of internal convictions and dispositions informing external commitments toward social justice, is an under‐examined dimension of educational leaders pursuing social justice. Presenting a multicase study of leadership practice in three schools, this article considers the role of critical spirituality in educators’ responses to students who are typically marginalized by poverty, race, disability and language. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how educators conceptualize and pursue inclusivity as a core dimension of social justice. The implications suggest that critical spirituality grounds educators in deep commitments to serve traditionally marginalized students.
Effects of Existential Anxiety and Self-Esteem on the Perception of Others

Previous research has demonstrated that when people are led to think about death they later exhibit more polarized judgments of ingroup and outgroup members. This reaction has been interpreted as an attempt to defend against existential anxiety by seeing oneself as a secure member of a meaning-conveying cultural group. This study examined the moderating influence of self-esteem and found that the polarization effect in response to mortality primes was most pronounced for high self-esteem individuals. An additional manipulation of meaninglessness-anxiety was unsuccessful in producing polarization, lending support to the theoretical centrality of death concerns. We discuss the relevance of these findings to terror management theory (Solomon, Greenberg, & Pyszczynski, 1991).
A Look into Stem Cell Therapy: Exploring the Options for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

Neural stem cells (NSCs) offer a potential therapeutic benefit in the recovery from ischemic stroke. Understanding the role of endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells under normal physiological conditions aids in analyzing their effects after ischemic injury, including their impact on functional recovery and neurogenesis at the site of injury. Recent animal studies have utilized unique subsets of exogenous and endogenous stem cells as well as preconditioning with pharmacologic agents to better understand the best situation for stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. These stem cell therapies provide a promising effect on stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, and improved cell survival rates. Clinical trials performed using various stem cell types show promising results to their safety and effectiveness on reducing the effects of ischemic stroke in humans. Another important aspect of stem cell therapy discussed in this review is tracking endogenous and exogenous NSCs with magnetic resonance imaging. This review explores the pathophysiology of NSCs on ischemic stroke, stem cell therapy studies and their effects on neurogenesis, the most recent clinical trials, and techniques to track and monitor the progress of endogenous and exogenous stem cells.
Orientations to Enrolment of Part-time Students: A classification system based upon students' perceived lifelong learning needs

This article develops a classification system for the orientations to enrolment of part-time students based upon their practical lifelong learning needs. Orientation to enrolment is seen as a complex construct embodying all the reasons, purposes, expectations and motivations that cause students to pick a particular course and elect to study by the part-time mode. Virtually all of the interviewed students had a vocational orientation so some previously used categorisation schemes were not suitable. Instead seven categories relating to lifelong learning needs provided a scheme which covered the cases and related well to explanations given by interviewees for enrolling in the courses. These were re-training or further development for those who need to make a career shift; education for professionals who need to undertake continuing professional development through their careers; an opportunity for a tertiary education for those who did not previously have the chance; an education at the tertiary level for those who did not do sufficiently well at school to qualify for direct entry to university; an alternative to mainstream education; education for adults; and learning for pleasure throughout the lifetime.
Algebraic Criteria for Consensus Problems of Discrete-Time Networked Systems

Abstract This paper is mainly devoted to the algebraic criteria for consensus problems of discrete-time networked systems with the fixed and switching topology. A special eigenvector ω of the Laplacian matrix is first correlated with the connectivity of a digraph, and then the relations between a class of Laplacian-type matrix and the stochastic matrix are established. Based on these tools, some necessary and/or sufficient algebraic conditions are proposed, which can directly determine whether the consensus problem can be solved or not. Furthermore, it is proved that only the agents corresponding to the positive elements of ω contribute to the group decision value and decide the collective behavior of the system. Particularly for the fixed topology case, it is shown that not only the role of each agent is exactly proportional to the value of the corresponding element of ω but also the group decision value can be calculated by such a vector and the initial states of all agents.
Knowledge Communities: A Way of Making Sense of How Beginning Teachers Come to Know in Their Professional Knowledge Contexts*

ABSTRACTThis article explores how a beginning teacher's personal practical knowledge was influenced by his experiences in his professional knowledge context. The work offers competing stories of what constitutes “the healthy school” and illustrates how the teacher's interpretive knowledge shifted as he storied and restoried his narratives of experience with particular people in his professional knowledge context. The people with whom the teacher constructed and reconstructed meaning for his teaching experiences are identified as his knowledge communities. The conceptualization of knowledge communities is offered as a way of crystallizing how beginning teachers come to know in their professional knowledge contexts.
The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Telomere Length: A Meta-analysis.

Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes, and short telomere length is associated with poor health and mortality. This study reports a meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between perceived stress and telomere length, including results from eight studies with a total of 1143 participants. A meta-analytic effect size of r = -0.25, p < 0.001, indicated that higher levels of perceived stress were associated with shorter telomere length. Examination of the studies for moderators of effect size identified some significant moderators, such as a difference in effect sizes between samples comprised of only women and mixed-sex samples. These results are only suggestive as they are based on a small set of studies, and funnel plot analyses indicated a publication bias. A significant relationship between more perceived stress and shorter telomere length is consistent with theoretical frameworks positing that stress induces physiological changes that result in shortened telomeres. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survival and Death in New Orleans: An Empirical Look at the Human Impact of Katrina

Hurricane Katrina has been interpreted as both a “metaphor” for the racial inequality that characterizes urban America and as a purely “natural” disaster that happened to strike a predominantly Black city. To resolve these conflicting interpretations, the author analyzes data on New Orleans residents who died during Katrina in an effort to provide an empirical look at the groups most directly affected by the hurricane. Contrary to prior reports in the popular press, the author finds that the impact of the storm was felt most acutely by the elderly population in New Orleans and by Blacks, who were much more likely to die than would be expected given their presence in the population. Data on the locations of recovered bodies also show that Katrina took its largest toll in New Orleans’s Black community. These findings confirm the impression that race was deeply implicated in the tragedy of Katrina.
Within‐population spatial genetic structure, neighbourhood size and clonal subrange in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa

The extent of clonality within populations strongly influences their spatial genetic structure (SGS), yet this is hardly ever thoroughly analysed. We employed spatial autocorrelation analysis to study effects of sexual and clonal reproduction on dispersal of the dioecious seagrass Cymodocea nodosa. Analyses were performed both at genet level (i.e. excluding clonal repeats) and at ramet level. Clonal structure was characterized by the clonal subrange, a spatial measure of the linear limits where clonality still affects SGS. We show that the clonal subrange is equivalent to the distance where the probability of clonal identity approaches zero. This combined approach was applied to two meadows with different levels of disturbance, Cadiz (stable) and Alfacs (disturbed). Genotypic richness, the proportion of the sample representing distinct genotypes, was moderate (0.38 Cadiz, 0.46 Alfacs) mostly due to dominance of a few clones. Expected heterozygosities were comparable to those found in other clonal plants. SGS analyses at the genet level revealed extremely restricted gene dispersal in Cadiz (Sp = 0.052, a statistic reflecting the decrease of pairwise kinship with distance), the strongest SGS found for seagrass species, comparable only to values for selfing herbaceous land plants. At Cadiz the clonal subrange extended across shorter distances (20–25 m) than in Alfacs (30–35 m). Comparisons of sexual and vegetative components of gene dispersal suggest that, as a dispersal vector within meadows, clonal spread is at least as important as sexual reproduction. The restricted dispersal and SGS pattern in both meadows indicates that the species follows a repeated seedling recruitment strategy.
MIMO Mobile Terminal Tracking Using Bayesian Probability Estimation

We present a simple and efficient way of tracking a mobile terminal (MT) using multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver. We consider the double directional model and use the Bayesian framework in order to estimate the speed and direction of the MT. We show in particular how to exploit the space dimension, inherently present in a MIMO system, to increase the estimation accuracy. In contrast to the majority of solutions that have been proposed so far for MT localization and tracking, this new method is suitable for a non-line-of-sight (NLoS) propagation scenario and employs only one base station (BS).
Assessment of childhood anxiety using structured interviews: Patterns of agreement among informants and association with maternal anxiety.

The relations among parents', children's, and teachers' reports of childhood anxiety on a structured diagnostic interview were investigated in two samples of clinic-referred children: a younger sample aged 6 to 8 years (n = 54) and an older sample aged 9 to 13 years (n = 41). In both age groups, teachers showed substantial disagreements in their reports of anxiety with those of parents and children. In the older sample, children who self-reported the presence of an anxiety disorder formed a subset of children reported as being anxious by their parents. When parents and children agreed on the presence of an anxiety disorder, the children had a greater number of anxiety symptoms and there was a strong relationship with maternal anxiety