Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in PARADIGM-HF

Background Patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction have impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL) with variable responses to therapies that target mortality and heart failure hospitalizations. In PARADIGM-HF trial (Prospective Comparison of ARNI [Angiotensin Receptor–Neprilysin Inhibitor] With ACEI [Angiotensin-Converting–Enzyme Inhibitor] to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure), sacubitril/valsartan reduced morbidity and mortality compared with enalapril. Another major treatment goal is to improve HRQL. Given improvements in mortality with sacubitril/valsartan, this analysis provides comprehensive assessment of impact of therapy on HRQL in survivors only. Methods and Results Patients (after run-in phase) completed disease-specific HRQL using Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) at randomization, 4 month, 8 month, and annual visits. Changes in KCCQ scores were calculated using repeated measures analysis of covariance model that adjusted for treatment and baseline values (principal efficacy prespecified at 8 months). Among the 8399 patients enrolled in PARADIGM-HF, 7623 (91%) completed KCCQ scores at randomization with complete data at 8 months for 6881 patients (90% of baseline). At 8 months, sacubitril/valsartan group noted improvements in both KCCQ clinical summary score (+0.64 versus −0.29; P=0.008) and KCCQ overall summary score (+1.13 versus −0.14; P<0.001) in comparison to enalapril group and significantly less proportion of patients with deterioration (≥5 points decrease) of both KCCQ scores (27% versus 31%; P=0.01). Adjusted change scores demonstrated consistent improvements in sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril through 36 months. Conclusions Change scores in KCCQ clinical summary scores and KCCQ overall summary scores were better in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan compared with those treated with enalapril, with consistency in most domains, and persist during follow-up beyond 8 months. These findings demonstrate that sacubitril/valsartan leads to better HRQL in surviving patients with heart failure. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01035255.
A Foundation for Conventional and Temporal Query Optimization Addressing Duplicates and Ordering

Most real-world databases contain substantial amounts of time-referenced, or temporal, data. Recent advances in temporal query languages show that such database applications may benefit substantially from built-in temporal support in the DBMS. To achieve this, temporal query representation, optimization, and processing mechanisms must be provided. This paper presents a foundation for query optimization that integrates conventional and temporal query optimization and is suitable for both conventional DBMS architectures and ones where the temporal support is obtained via a layer on top of a conventional DBMS. This foundation captures duplicates and ordering for all queries, as well as coalescing for temporal queries, thus generalizing all existing approaches known to the authors. It includes a temporally extended relational algebra to which SQL and temporal SQL queries may be mapped, six types of algebraic equivalences, concrete query transformation rules that obey different equivalences, a procedure for determining which types of transformation rules are applicable for optimizing a query, and a query plan enumeration algorithm.
Modulation of Intestinal TLR4-Inflammatory Signaling Pathways by Probiotic Microorganisms: Lessons Learned from Lactobacillus jensenii TL2937

The intestinal mucosa plays a critical role in the host’s interactions with innocuous commensal microbiota and invading pathogenic microorganisms. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and gut associated immune cells recognize the bacterial components via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and are responsible for maintaining tolerance to the large communities of resident luminal bacteria while being also able to mount inflammatory responses against pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of PRRs that are present on IECs and immune cells which are involved in the induction of both tolerance and inflammation. A growing body of experimental and clinical evidence supports the therapeutic and preventive application of probiotics for several gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders in which TLRs exert a significant role. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the beneficial effects of probiotic microorganisms with the capacity to modulate the immune system (immunobiotics) in the regulation of intestinal inflammation in pigs, which are very important as both livestock and human model. Especially we discuss the role of TLRs, their signaling pathways, and their negative regulators in both the inflammatory intestinal injury and the beneficial effects of immunobiotics in general, and Lactobacillus jensenii TL2937 in particular. This review article emphasizes the cellular and molecular interactions of immunobiotics with IECs and immune cells through TLRs and their application for improving animal and human health.
Breastfeeding in Rural China: Association Between Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices

Breastfeeding rates have decreased in the past decade in China. This study identifies psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with breastfeeding practices. A total of 599 mothers of infants 2 to 4 months old were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Nearly all infants (95.5%) were breastfed, but only 4.2% were exclusively breastfed, and 48.7% were fully breastfed. Mothers' intention to breastfeed (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.39-2.01) and social support (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.002-1.50) were associated with full breastfeeding. Full breastfeeding prevalence decreased with children's age (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.98). Girls were more likely to be fully breastfed than boys (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.02). This study found that optimal breastfeeding practices during the first 4 months of life are not universal in rural China. Health care providers should be more actively involved in educating and motivating mothers and their family members to adopt optimal breastfeeding practices. J Hum Lact. 24(4):377-385. Los índices de lactancia materna bajaron en las últimas décadas en China. Este estudio identifica factores psicosociales y demográficos asociados con las prácticas de lactancia materna. Un total de 599 madres de bebes de 2 a 4 meses de edad se entrevistaron usando un cuestionario estructurado. Casi todos los bebes (95.5%) recibían lactancia materna. Aun asísolo 4.2% recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva y 48.7% lactancia materna completa. La intención de las madres de lactar (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.39-2.01) y el apoyo social (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.002-1.50) se asociaron a lactancia materna completa. La prevalencia de la lactancia materna disminuyó con la edad de los niños (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.63-0.98). Las niñas mostraron mayor probabilidad de recibir lactancia completa que los niños (OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-2.02). Este estudio encontró que las prácticas óptimas de lactancia materna durante los 4 primeros meses de vida no son universales en áreas rurales de China. Los proveedores de salud deben estar mas activamente involucrados en educar y motivar a las madres y sus familiares para adoptar prácticas óptimas de lactancia materna.
Plant‐microbe symbioses: new insights into common roots

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a type of plant‐fungal endosymbiosis, and nodulation, a bacterial‐plant endosymbiosis, are the most ubiquitous symbioses on earth. Recent findings have established part of a shared genetic basis underlying these interactions. Here, we approach root endosymbioses through the lens of the homology and modularity concepts aiming at further clarifying the proximate and ultimate causes for the establishment of these biological systems. We review the genetics that underlie interspecific signaling and its concomitant shift in genetic programs for either partner. Also, through the comparative analysis of genetic modules shared by AM and nodulation symbioses, we identify fundamental nodes in these networks, suggesting the elemental steps that may have permitted symbiotic adaptation. Here, we show that this approach, allied to recent technical advances in the study of genetic systems architecture, can provide clear testable hypotheses for the advancement of our understanding on the evolution and development of symbiotic systems.
Unified implementation framework for calculation and allocation of expected energy

The past several years have witnessed the design reform of the electricity markets administered by the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) reflected by a series of design changes. As a result of the market design reform, CAISO employs the two-settlement system for determining the payments to or by individual market participants, based on the market clearing results of the day-ahead integrated forward market (IFM) and real-time market (RTM) and after-the-fact manual market result corrections and dedicated algorithmic calculations and recalculations. These post-market IFM/RTM market result corrections and settlement required algorithmic calculations are conducted by various functions in the CAISO Market Quality System (MQS). One of the core functions is responsible for the calculation and allocation of expected energy, which is the most complicated and time-consuming task in the post-market computation process. This paper intends to reveal the unique engineering and computational challenges involved in the calculation and allocation of expected energy, and present a unified, implementable engineering solution framework for optimal execution time and result accuracy performances to meet the CAISO commercial operation timelines and performance requirements.
Closure of Sclerotomies after 25- and 23-Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Pars Plana Vitrectomy Evaluated by Optical Coherence Tomography

Aims: To evaluate sclerotomy closure after 25- and 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: Forty-eight eyes (20 with a macular hole and 28 with an epiretinal membrane) of 47 patients (mean age, 66.5 years) who underwent one of the two procedures were included. Three sclerotomy sites in each eye were measured by cross-sectional OCT images vertical and parallel to the limbus on weeks 1 and 2 and months 1, 2 and 3 postoperatively. Results: After 25-gauge vitrectomy, the scleral wounds evaluated by OCT closed in 40.6% of the eyes at 1 week, 53.3% at 2 weeks, 60.5% at 1 month, 63.6% at 2 months and 63.9% at 3 months. There were significant differences in the closure rates between 1 week and 1 month (p = 0.015), 2 months (p = 0.007) and 3 months (p = 0.006) postoperatively. After 23-gauge vitrectomy, the scleral wounds closed in 31.6% of the eyes at 1 week, 50.0% at 2 weeks, 57.4% at 1 month, 63.0% at 2 months, and 61.1% at 3 months postoperatively. There were significant differences in the closure rates between 1 week and 1 month (p = 0.011), 2 months (p = 0.001) and 3 months (p = 0.002) postoperatively. The wound closure rates did not differ significantly between the two procedures. Conclusions: Scleral wounds after 25- and 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy can be evaluated with OCT. Wound healing seems to be complete 2 weeks postoperatively.
Adaptation and Heterogeneity of Escherichia coli MC1000 Growing in Complex Environments

ABSTRACT In a study aiming to assess bacterial evolution in complex growth media, we evaluated the long-term adaptive response of Escherichia coli MC1000 in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. Seven parallel populations were founded and followed over 150 days in sequential batch cultures under three different oxygen conditions (defined environments), and 19 evolved forms were isolated. The emergence of forms with enhanced fitness was evident in competition experiments of all evolved forms versus the ancestral strain. The evolved forms were then subjected to phenotypic and genomic analyses relative to the ancestor. Profound changes were found in their phenotypes as well as whole-genome sequences. Interestingly, considerable heterogeneity was found at the intrapopulational level. However, consistently occurring parallel adaptive responses were found across all populations. The evolved forms all contained a mutation in galR, a repressor of the galactose operon. Concomitantly, the new forms revealed enhanced growth on galactose as well as galactose-containing disaccharides. This response was likely driven by the LB medium.
Racial Bias in Neural Response for Pain Is Modulated by Minimal Group

Whether empathic racial bias could be modulated is a subject of intense interest. The present study was carried out to explore whether empathic racial bias for pain is modulated by minimal group. Chinese/Western faces with neutral expressions receiving painful (needle penetration) or non-painful (Q-tip touch) stimulation were presented. Participants were asked to rate the pain intensity felt by Chinese/Western models of ingroup/outgroup members. Their implicit racial bias were also measured. Two lines of evidence indicated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was modulated by racial bias: (1) Chinese models elicited stronger activity than Western did in the ACC, and (2) activity in the ACC was modulated by implicit racial bias. Whereas the right anterior insula (rAI) were modulated by ingroup bias, in which ingroup member elicited stronger activity than outgroup member did. Furthermore, activity in the ACC was modulated by activity of rAI (i.e., ingroup bias) in the pain condition, while activity in the rAI was modulated by activity of ACC (i.e., racial bias) in the nopain condition. Our results provide evidence that there are different neural correlates for racial bias and ingroup bias, and neural racial bias for pain can be modulated by minimal group.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation preferences among health professionals in Singapore

Introduction: Attitudes and preferences for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among healthcare providers are varied among individuals and across countries. The purpose of this study was to determine these preferences amongst health practitioners attending the 3 rd General Scientific Meeting of the Society of Intensive Care Medicine (Singapore) held in September 2003. Methods: The survey was conducted among physicians, nurses and other health care providers attending a lecture during the critical care meeting in Singapore. The 35-item questionnaire included information about age, gender, profession, and religion, but no other identifiers were used. There was no follow up of 3 non-responders out of the 125 health care practitioners surveyed. The results were analyzed using contingency tables. Results: 122 questionnaires were returned. Mean age was 33.5 ± 8.5 years and 9.8% were physicians, 74.5% were nurses. Physicians were significantly older (p<0.006) compared to nurses. 34.4% said they
Transvaginal sonographic examination of the cervix in asymptomatic pregnant women: review of the literature

Different strategies have been developed to refine the prediction of the risk of preterm delivery in asymptomatic patients. Transvaginal sonography has been used for this reason to measure and examine the length and shape of the cervix. In this review, we focus on clinical studies involving transvaginal sonographic assessment of the cervix in asymptomatic women at high risk of preterm delivery and in the general pregnant population.
Issues in Information Systems

Identifying the prevailing sentiment at a certain point in time regarding a certain product, company, or topic can be a powerful asset in many contexts. It can offer an edge in financial analysis, for example, or identify how well a particular product is being received by a given demographic. For these reasons, much research is currently devoted to the topic of using computer analysis to identify sentiment in various media outlets through the Internet. The current paper describes an automated platform for such analysis, specifically targeted at analyzing news websites, blogs, and other online publications. The platform consists of several components which work together in an automated, high-level way to allow the user to obtain and analyze sentiment scores on a given topic within a certain date range. The researcher can employ the described toolset to download large volumes of research data from a wide variety of Internet sources quickly and easily without requiring a subscription to a news aggregation service.
Babies and toddlers in non-parental daycare can avoid stress and anxiety if they develop a lasting secondary attachment bond with one carer who is consistently accessible to them

Abstract Babies and toddlers will have their attachment seeking response activated in the absence of the primary or a secondary attachment figure when they are in the presence of a stranger and in unfamiliar surroundings. Between the ages of about 6 months and 30 months, babies and toddlers can only terminate their attachment seeking response by reaching proximity to an attachment figure, and unless this can be achieved their attachment seeking response will remain unterminated. This is the experience of many babies and toddlers each day during certain forms of non-parental daycare. Day-care without access to a secondary attachment figure is more likely to be the case in group settings such as day-nurseries, than when care is provided by an individual carer such as a childminder, nanny, or grandmother, who is more likely to be a secondary attachment figure. This paper discusses the likelihood of babies and toddlers being able to terminate their attachment seeking response during different forms of non-parental daycare, and discusses some of the psychological defence processes (including dissociation), that may be activated when the attachment seeking response remains unterminated throughout the day. This paper briefly examines a model of non-parental daycare that actively promotes and monitors long-term secondary attachment bonds between baby and carer.
A Representation for Collections of Temporal Intervals

Temporal representation and reasoning are necessary components of systems that consider events that occur in the real world. This work explores ways of considering collections of intervals of time. This line of research is motivated by related work being done by our research group on appointment scheduling and time management. Natural language expressions that refer to collections of intervals are used naturally and routinely in these contexts, and an effective means of representing them is essential. Previous studies, which considered intervals primarily in isolation, have difficulties in representing some classes of expressions. This occurs not only with expressions that explicitly refer to collections of intervals, such as "the first of every month," but also with expressions that do so only implicitly, such as the U.S. Election Day: "the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. " The traditional solution to this problem has been to provide special means of specifying those forms that are judged to be the most useful (to the exclusion of all other forms). The "collection representation" builds on previous work in temporal representation by introducing operators that allow the representation of collections of intervals, whether they occur explicitly or implicitly in the expression. The operators introduced are natural extensions of the relations and operations on intervals. The representation has potential use in scheduling in three areas: graphical display, natural language translation, and reasoning.
Pharmacist Interventions to Improve Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Diabetes

OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assesses the effect of pharmacist care on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among outpatients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. Pharmacist interventions were classified, and a meta-analysis of mean changes of blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and BMI was performed using random-effects models. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 15 RCTs (9,111 outpatients) in which interventions were conducted exclusively by pharmacists in 8 studies and in collaboration with physicians, nurses, dietitians, or physical therapists in 7 studies. Pharmacist interventions included medication management, educational interventions, feedback to physicians, measurement of CVD risk factors, or patient-reminder systems. Compared with usual care, pharmacist care was associated with significant reductions for systolic BP (12 studies with 1,894 patients; −6.2 mmHg [95% CI −7.8 to −4.6]); diastolic BP (9 studies with 1,496 patients; −4.5 mmHg [−6.2 to −2.8]); TC (8 studies with 1,280 patients; −15.2 mg/dL [−24.7 to −5.7]); LDL cholesterol (9 studies with 8,084 patients; −11.7 mg/dL [−15.8 to −7.6]); and BMI (5 studies with 751 patients; −0.9 kg/m2 [−1.7 to −0.1]). Pharmacist care was not associated with a significant change in HDL cholesterol (6 studies with 826 patients; 0.2 mg/dL [−1.9 to 2.4]). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis supports pharmacist interventions—alone or in collaboration with other health care professionals—to improve major CVD risk factors among outpatients with diabetes.
A Quasi-Experimental Study to Assess the Impact of Four Adolescent Sexual Health Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa

Contexte: De rigoureuses evaluations doivent etre entreprises pour determiner si les interventions de sante sexuelle des adolescents produisent un effet sur les perceptions du risque et comportements afferents des jeunes. Methodes: Un schema quasi-experimental a servi a evaluer l'impact d'interventions de sante sexuelle des adolescents menees dans le cadre des programmes de marketing social du Cameroun, du Botswana, d'Afrique du Sud et de Guinee entre 1994 et 1998. A partir de donnees d'enquete de base et post-intervention, les memes modeles statistiques ont ete employes pour l'etude de chaque intervention. Les resultats sont presentes dans le cadre du «Health Relief Model». Resultats: Chez les femmes, les interventions se sont revelees associees a l'amelioration de diverses perceptions sanitaires (concernant les avantages des comportements protecteurs et les obstacles qui s'y opposent, notamment) et ont produit un impact positif sur la pratique contraceptive. Les effets sont apparus beaucoup plus limites parmi les hommes, bien que les donnees du Cameroun et du Botswana semblent indiquer, apres l'intervention, une tendance moindre aux relations avec des partenaires multiples ou de passage. L'intervention camerounaise, la plus reussie des quatre, avait fait appel a plusieurs vehicules de communication (y compris la radio et l'education par les pairs) et atteint neuf adolescents sur 10. La campagne botswanaise avait egalement atteint une large proportion de son public cible. En Afrique du Sud et en Guinee, par contre, les programmes, moins intensifs, avaient atteint une moindre portee. Conclusions: Les interventions ciblees sur les adolescents peuvent etre utiles au changement des perceptions et des comportements sexuels si elles couvrent plusieurs canaux de communication, atteignent une proportion importante de jeunes adultes et rendent les contraceptifs largement disponibles. Il reste un besoin pressant d'identifier les m