Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond Numbers: How Investment Managers Accommodate Societal Issues in Financial Decisions

Investment managers use financial numbers to assess the quality of their portfolios, which requires them to estimate the market value of their assets—i.e., the priced trading of such assets. Prior research has shown that investment managers tend to disregard information that does not easily integrate into financial numbers, such as environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria. We argue that when investment managers use visuals to incarnate ESG criteria, they are more likely to accommodate societal issues in their financial decisions. We undertook a three-year ethnography of an asset management company to better understand how investment managers respond to ESG criteria. We found that fixed-income investment managers attempted to include ESG criteria in their financial models by financializing the data, so that ESG-related information could be commensurated with their existing models. Equity investment managers, on the other hand, did not financialize ESG issues, but introduced visuals, specifically emojis, to incarnate ESG issues. In this way, ESG criteria were juxtaposed against, rather than integrated into, financial criteria. In doing so, equity managers created a sense of dissonance between financial numbers and the visuals, which fostered creative friction. The visuals permitted equity managers to analyze the ESG criteria not only for their financial insights, but also for the social and environmental information that could not be financialized. We discuss the implications of these findings for prior research on financialization and calculative devices.
Altered Expression of NF-κB and SP1 after Exposure to Advanced Glycation End-Products and Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in AGEs Exposed Rat Retinas

To determine the effect of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on neurite regeneration, and also to determine the regenerative effects of different neurotrophic factors (NTFs) on rat retinal explants, the retinas of SD rats were cultured in three-dimensional collagen gels and incubated in 6 types of media: (1) serum-free control culture media; (2) 100 μg/mL AGEs-BSA media; (3) AGEs-BSA + 100 ng/mL neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) media; (4) AGEs-BSA + 100 ng/mL hepatocyte growth factor media; (5) AGEs-BSA + 100 ng/mL glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor media; or (6) AGEs-BSA + 100 µM tauroursodeoxycholic acid media. After 7 days, the number of regenerating neurites was counted. The explants were immunostained for nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and specificity protein 1 (SP1). Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA. In retinas incubated with AGEs, the numbers of neurites were fewer than in control. All of the NTFs increased the number of neurites, and the increase was more significant in the NT-4 group. The number of NF-κB and SP1 immunopositive cells was higher in retinas exposed to AGEs than in control. All of the NTFs decreased the number of NF-κB immunopositive cells but did not significantly affect SP1 expression. These results demonstrate the potential of the NTFs as axoprotectants in AGEs exposed retinal neurons.
The Value of Fostering Physical Literacy

This article considers the value of physical literacy. Unequivocal support for aspects of the concept can be found in philosophy, neuroscience, social justice, the nature of human development, psychology, and sociocultural studies. These areas of support will be outlined and then related to the practical value of physical literacy in the school context. This article will close with a discussion centered on claims that physical literacy is an end in itself rather than predominantly a means to other ends. It is the aim of this article to communicate the unique value of fostering physical literacy within the school context, including the support and relationship to other interrelated disciplines.
Electroencephalogram signal analysis as basis for effective evaluation of robotic therapeutic massage

This paper proposes a robotics therapeutic massage evaluation system using electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis approach. An anthropomorphic dual arm robot is developed in this work for massage application. Compare to other massage systems, our dual arm robot can provides diversified massage techniques through the impedance control of both Cartesian space and joint space. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of robotic therapeutic massage, the experiments are conducted by recording EEG signals of subject before and after robotic massage. Independent Components Analysis (ICA) is used to filter out artifacts of EEG signals. After signal processing, the power of delta, alpha and beta rhythms are analyzed. The experimental results show an increase in delta power and a decrease in alpha power which represents the relaxation response of subjects. These results give the scientific proof of the effectiveness of robotic therapeutic massage.
The time course of perceptual choice: the leaky, competing accumulator model.

The time course of perceptual choice is discussed in a model of gradual, leaky, stochastic, and competitive information accumulation in nonlinear decision units. Special cases of the model match a classical diffusion process, but leakage and competition work together to address several challenges to existing diffusion, random walk, and accumulator models. The model accounts for data from choice tasks using both time-controlled (e.g., response signal) and standard reaction time paradigms and its adequacy compares favorably with other approaches. A new paradigm that controls the time of arrival of information supporting different choice alternatives provides further support. The model captures choice behavior regardless of the number of alternatives, accounting for the log-linear relation between reaction time and number of alternatives (Hick's law) and explains a complex pattern of visual and contextual priming in visual word identification.
Continuous visible nearest neighbor queries

In this paper, we identify and solve a new type of spatial queries, called <i>continuous visible nearest neighbor</i> (CVNN) search. Given a data set <i>P</i>, an obstacle set <i>O</i>, and a query line segment <i>q</i>, a CVNN query returns a set of (<i>p, R</i>) tuples such that <i>p</i> ε <i>P</i> is the nearest neighbor (NN) to every point <i>r</i> along the interval <i>R</i> ε <i>q</i> as well as <i>p</i> is visible to <i>r</i>. Note that <i>p</i> may be NULL, meaning that all points in <i>P</i> are <i>invisible</i> to all points in <i>R</i>, due to the obstruction of some obstacles in <i>O</i>. In this paper, we formulate the problem and propose efficient algorithms for CVNN query processing, assuming that both <i>P</i> and <i>O</i> are indexed by R-trees. In addition, we extend our techniques to several variations of the CVNN query. Extensive experiments verify the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms using both real and synthetic datasets.
Using the Brain as a Metaphor to Model Flexible Production Systems

Manufacturing flexibility is critical for survival in industries characterized by rapid change and diverse product markets. Although new manufacturing technologies make it possible to accomplish flexibility, their potential remains unrealized by firms whose organizational elements do not possess adaptive capabilities. We use the brain as a metaphor to generate insights on how firms might design flexible production systems. We chose the brain as a metaphor because it is a self-organizing system capable of responding rapidly to a broad range of external stimuli. The brain as a metaphor suggests that flexibility can be enhanced by employing practices that promote distributed processes occurring in a parallel manner. Such practices lie in contrast to those employed by production systems built on scientific management principles that promote localized processes in a sequential manner. By exploring these contrasting modes of operation, we argue that the brain as a metaphor opens up new avenues for theory develo.
Structural and Functional Aspects Relating to Cost and Benefit of Rich Club Organization in the Human Cerebral Cortex

Recent findings have demonstrated that a small set of highly connected brain regions may play a central role in enabling efficient communication between cortical regions, together forming a densely interconnected “rich club. ” However, the density and spatial layout of the rich club also suggest that it constitutes a costly feature of brain architecture. Here, combining anatomical T1, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic transfer imaging, and functional MRI, several aspects of structural and functional connectivity of the brain's rich club were examined. Our findings suggest that rich club regions and rich club connections exhibit high levels of wiring volume, high levels of white matter organization, high levels of metabolic energy usage, long maturational trajectories, more variable regional time series, and more inter-regional functional couplings. Taken together, these structural and functional measures extend the notion that rich club organization represents a high-cost feature of brain architecture that puts a significant strain on brain resources. The high cost of the rich club may, however, be offset by significant functional benefits that the rich club confers to the brain network as a whole.
Model theory of the Frobenius on the Witt vectors

We give axiomatizations and prove quantifier elimination theorems for first-order theories of unramified valued fields with an automorphism having a close interaction with the valuation. We achieve an analogue of the classical Ostrowski theory of pseudoconvergence. In the outstanding case of Witt vectors with their Frobenius map, we use the ∂-ring formalism from Joyal.
Sequential LSQR-based ICI equalization and decision-feedback ISI cancellation in pulse-shaped multicarrier systems

We propose a frequency-domain method for equalizing intercarrier interference (ICI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) in multicarrier transmissions over rapidly time-varying and strongly delay-spread channels. Postcursor ISI is cancelled by a decision-feedback structure, and ICI is equalized by a sequential version of the recently proposed LSQR equalizer, based on a band approximation for the frequency-domain channel matrix. The sequential LSQR equalizer uses an interference cancellation scheme with reliability-based sorting of sets of subcarriers. This approach is shown to yield excellent performance at moderate complexity. A pulse-shaped multicarrier system is considered because of its generality and advantages. This framework includes cyclic-prefix OFDM as a special case.
Physical Therapy Diagnosis and Management of a Patient with Chronic Daily Headache: A Case Report

Abstract Chronic headaches are a significant health problem for patients and often a clinical enigma for the medical professionals who treat such patients. The purpose of this case report is to describe the physical therapy diagnosis and management of a patient with chronic daily headache. The patient was a 48-year-old woman with a medical diagnosis of combined common migraine headache and chronic tension-type headache. An exacerbation of these long-standing headache complaints had resulted in a chronic daily headache for the preceding eight months. Symptoms included bilateral headache, neck pain, left facial pain, and tinnitus. Outcome measures used included the Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Examination revealed myofascial, articular, postural, and neuromuscular impairments of the head and neck region. Treatment incorporated myofascial trigger point dry needling, orthopaedic manual physical therapy, exercise therapy, and patient education. On the final visit, the patient reported no headaches during the preceding month. There was a 31% improvement in the HDI emotional score, a 42% improvement in the functional score, and a 36% improvement in the total score for the HDI, the latter exceeding the minimal detectable change for the total score on this measure. The NDI at discharge showed an 18% improvement with a maximal improvement during the course of treatment of 26%. Both improvements exceeded the minimal clinically important difference for the NDI. This case report indicates that physical therapy diagnosis and management as described may be indicated for the conservative care of patients with chronic headaches.
Redshift Accuracy Requirements for Future Supernova and Number Count Surveys

We investigate the redshift accuracy of Type Ia supernova and cluster number count surveys required for the redshift uncertainties not to contribute appreciably to the dark energy parameter error budget. For the Supernova/Acceleration Probe experiment, we find that without the assistance of ground-based measurements individual supernova redshifts would need to be determined to about 0.002 or better, a challenging but feasible requirement for a low-resolution spectrograph. However, we find that accurate redshifts for z < 0.1 supernovae obtained with ground-based experiments are sufficient to protect the results against even relatively large redshift errors at high z. For the future cluster number count surveys such as with the South Pole Telescope, Planck, or DUET, we find that the purely statistical error in the photometric redshift is less important and that the irreducible systematic bias in redshift drives the requirements. The redshift bias must be kept below 0.001-0.005 per redshift bin (which is determined by the filter set), depending on the sky coverage and details of the definition of the minimal mass of the survey. Furthermore, we find that X-ray surveys have a more stringent required redshift accuracy than Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect surveys since they use a shorter lever arm in redshift; conversely, SZ surveys benefit from their high-redshift reach only as long as some redshift information is available for distant (z ≳ 1) clusters.
Profiling Efficiency and Quality of Physician Organizations in Medicare

This article presents a methodology for profiling the cost efficiency and quality of care of physician organizations (POs). The method is implemented for the Boston metropolitan area using 2002 Medicare claims. After adjustments for case mix and other factors, 4 of 30 organizations are identified with different than average efficiency Twenty-one of 30 organizations are identified with a different composite quality of care than average. Without changes in PO behavior, the gains from redirecting patients from lower to higher efficiency and quality providers are likely to be limited.
A professional view on ebanking authentication: Challenges and recommendations

In current e-banking systems, millions of consumers are now able to conduct financial transactions using a wide range of mobile devices; this growth exposes the system not only to the set of known threats that are now migrating from traditional PC-based e-banking to the mobile-based scenario, but, to emerging threats specifically targeting mobile devices. Considering the sensitive nature of the financial information managed, security in mobile devices has become a major issue. Thus, to be able to provide transaction security, and minimize the potential threats, e-banking systems must implement robust identification and authentication systems (eIDAS). Therefore, this paper analyzes current threats in e-banking. It presents a brief review on the current state of the art analyzing the most popular eIDAS implemented in Europe, through a survey launched by ENISA addressed to security professionals of the financial sector. The most common eIDAS approaches for e-banking, and their suitability against the known threats in terms of related incidents and financial loss, are therefore assessed. Finally, a set of challenges and recommendations to be considered in any eIDAS implementation is introduced.
Implementation of Premarital Health Examination (PHE): An Importance-Performance Analysis from Participants who Took PHE in Taiwan

Premarital health examination (PHE) is ideally to prevent sexually-transmitted diseases (STD) within a couple; to detect reproductive problems or hereditary illness which may pass to offspring; and to provide counseling on family planning and genetic health. However, little is known about the implementation of PHE program. We conducted a self- administered questionnaire survey to participants who took PHE in Taoyuan, Taiwan. An importance-performance analysis (IPA) was made to identify which service attributes of PHE program should be improved. Test items and cost of PHE were obtained from the hospitals studied. A total of 336 participants were recruited in 2005. About one-third took PHE after marriage. Only a few PHE programs included screening for reproductive problems (such as semen analysis) or hereditary diseases. Most underwent examinations because of concerns over their own health, reproductive worry, genetic reason and family planning. IPA revealed that the competitive vulnerability (high expectation but low satisfaction) of PHE was unsatisfactory in regard to the examination reports and suggestions regarding genetic health and family planning. Preventing STD transmission within a couple, a function of PHE, is challenged as it is common for couples to have sexual intercourse before marriage and extramarital sexual relationships are common in some places. Without screening for reproductive problems or hereditary illnesses, PHEs are no different from general physical examinations. The couples' desires for information related to reproductive concern, care for their own health, and family planning were not fulfilled. How PHE program implement in Taiwan is recommended.
Relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction with resilience and marital satisfaction in teachers

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction with resilience and marital satisfaction in Sabzevar (Iran) teachers in 2014. METHODS: Method of this research was descriptive and correlative. Population of this study was female teachers of schools (secondary-high school) that are totally 324 individuals. A total of 174 individuals were selected as case studies among population, using accessible sampling method and with the help of Cochran's formula. Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale for Adults, marital satisfaction scale (ENRICH 47-point) and basic psychological need scale were used to collect data. RESULTS: The results showed that all variables (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) have a significant positive correlation with resilience and marital satisfaction. Relatedness and autonomy had the most significantly and positively predicts respect to resilience and marital satisfaction, respectively. CONCLUSION: According to the results, it can be said that the basic psychological needs satisfaction can be beneficial in term of increasing the resilience and marital satisfaction, it also improve their performance and mental health.
Translated Learning: Transfer Learning across Different Feature Spaces

This paper investigates a new machine learning strategy called translated learning. Unlike many previous learning tasks, we focus on how to use labeled data from one feature space to enhance the classification of other entirely different learning spaces. For example, we might wish to use labeled text data to help learn a model for classifying image data, when the labeled images are difficult to obtain. An important aspect of translated learning is to build a "bridge" to link one feature space (known as the "source space") to another space (known as the "target space") through a translator in order to migrate the knowledge from source to target. The translated learning solution uses a language model to link the class labels to the features in the source spaces, which in turn is translated to the features in the target spaces. Finally, this chain of linkages is completed by tracing back to the instances in the target spaces. We show that this path of linkage can be modeled using a Markov chain and risk minimization. Through experiments on the text-aided image classification and cross-language classification tasks, we demonstrate that our translated learning framework can greatly outperform many state-of-the-art baseline methods.
Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions with Trimeric Ligands: High Affinity Inhibitors of the MAGUK Protein Family

PDZ domains in general, and those of PSD-95 in particular, are emerging as promising drug targets for diseases such as ischemic stroke. We have previously shown that dimeric ligands that simultaneously target PDZ1 and PDZ2 of PSD-95 are highly potent inhibitors of PSD-95. However, PSD-95 and the related MAGUK proteins contain three consecutive PDZ domains, hence we envisioned that targeting all three PDZ domains simultaneously would lead to more potent and potentially more specific interactions with the MAGUK proteins. Here we describe the design, synthesis and characterization of a series of trimeric ligands targeting all three PDZ domains of PSD-95 and the related MAGUK proteins, PSD-93, SAP-97 and SAP-102. Using our dimeric ligands targeting the PDZ1-2 tandem as starting point, we designed novel trimeric ligands by introducing a PDZ3-binding peptide moiety via a cysteine-derivatized NPEG linker. The trimeric ligands generally displayed increased affinities compared to the dimeric ligands in fluorescence polarization binding experiments and optimized trimeric ligands showed low nanomolar inhibition towards the four MAGUK proteins, thus being the most potent inhibitors described. Kinetic experiments using stopped-flow spectrometry showed that the increase in affinity is caused by a decrease in the dissociation rate of the trimeric ligand as compared to the dimeric ligands, likely reflecting the lower probability of simultaneous dissociation of all three PDZ ligands. Thus, we have provided novel inhibitors of the MAGUK proteins with exceptionally high affinity, which can be used to further elucidate the therapeutic potential of these proteins.
A harmonised testsuite for POS tagging of German social media data

We present a testsuite for POS tagging German web data. Our testsuite provides the original raw text as well as the gold tokenisations and is annotated for parts-of-speech. The testsuite includes a new dataset for German tweets, with a current size of 3,940 tokens. To increase the size of the data, we harmonised the annotations in already existing web corpora, based on the Stuttgart-Tubingen Tag Set. The current version of the corpus has an overall size of 48,344 tokens of web data, around half of it from Twitter. We also present experiments, showing how different experimental setups (training set size, additional out-of-domain training data, self-training) influence the accuracy of the taggers. All resources and models will be made publicly available to the research community.