Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Regarding Climate Change by Rural Women in Haryana

The article highlights that, women play a core role in agriculture and contribute to sustainable development. They are caretakers to the land as well as for their families. They play a critical role in sustaining not only their homes but also the entire food system and this is especially true in developing nations. A study on “Knowledge regarding climate change by rural women in Haryana” was conducted in Hisar district with a sample size of 120 rural women from four villages (30 from each village), two villages from Hisar-I and two villages from Hisar-II were selected randomly. The data was collected regarding dependent and independent variables with the help of developed interview schedule and a set of 19 independent variables and 1 dependent variable were selected for the study. The objective of the study were to assess the knowledge by rural women regarding climate change. The collected data were analyzed with suitable statistical tools and techniques such as frequency, percentage to reveal major findings. The data represents that the rural women had medium knowledge regarding climate change followed by high and low level. It is vital to take action to develop some programmes to raise knowledge of the effects of climate change on agriculture and its allied activities, as well as to develop mitigation techniques.
Improvement of loamy sand soil and potato plant productivity under integrated organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers

Two experiments were conducted at EL Khattatba region – Egypt during two winter seasons to evaluate the effect of single or combined application of organic nitrogen fertilizer farmyard manure, chicken manure and compost with inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrate 33.5%) on soil properties and identify the best rates on potato tuber yield and quality. Five ratio of nitrogen fertilizers were 100% nitrogen mineral fertilizer, 75% nitrogen mineral+25% nitrogen organic fertilizer, 50% nitrogen mineral +50% nitrogen organic fertilizer, 25%nitrogen mineral + 75% nitrogen organic fertilizer and 100% nitrogen organic fertilizer. Organic carbon content was increased significantly with applied organic fertilizers compared to mineral fertilizer. Soil total nitrogen ascertained highest values by applying mineral N fertilizer than organic fertilizer treatments. C: N ratio of soil significantly increased with organic fertilizers and 100%N organic fertilizer treatment was superiority for raising C:N ratio of soil. 100% N mineral fertilizer treatment had depressive effects on C: N which were lower than tested soil. Both pH and bulk density were significantly decreased by applying organic fertilizers. 100% N chicken manure treatment was recorded maximum decreasing. Each of E.C, Kh and available water were influenced by applying organic fertilizers types. 100%N organic fertilizers were ascertained the significant effect for each EC, Kh and available water compared to other rates or 100%N mineral fertilizer. The highest tuber yield was ascertained by applying the treatment 25%N organic fertilizer with 75% N mineral for each season. Carbohydrate% was decreased with raising the rates of organic fertilizers and the maximum values were recorded at 100%N mineral. There was irregular trend for tuber specific gravity with organic fertilizers or their rates for both seasons. The relation between NO3-N ion, N% content in tuber and Total N% in soil indicated that increasing ratio of organic fertilizers decreased the NO3-N ion in tuber.
Aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis.

BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition of antibody-mediated immunotherapy-responsive neurologic diseases and a need for appropriate immunoassays. OBJECTIVES To develop a clinically applicable quantitative assay to detect the presence of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica and to characterize the anti-AQP4 antibodies. DESIGN We compared a simple new quantitative fluorescence immunoprecipitation assay (FIPA) with both indirect immunofluorescence and an AQP4-transfected cell-based assay, both previously described. We used the cell-based assay to characterize the antibodies for their immunoglobulin class, IgG subclass, and ability to induce complement C3b deposition in vitro. SETTING United Kingdom and Germany. PARTICIPANTS Serum samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica (n = 25) or longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (n = 11) and from relevant controls (n = 78) were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparison of different assays for AQP4 antibodies and characterization of anti-AQP4 antibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica. RESULTS We found antibodies to AQP4 in 19 of 25 patients with neuromyelitis optica (76%) using FIPA, in 20 of 25 patients with neuromyelitis optica (80%) using the cell-based assay, and in 6 of 11 patients with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (55%) with both assays; these assays were more sensitive than indirect immunofluorescence and 100% specific. The antibodies bound to extracellular epitope(s) of AQP4, were predominantly IgG1, and strongly induced C3b deposition. CONCLUSIONS Aquaporin-4 is a major antigen in neuromyelitis optica, and antibodies can be detected in more than 75% of patients. Further studies on larger samples will show whether this novel FIPA is suitable for clinical use. The IgG1 antibodies bind to AQP4 on the cell surface and can initiate complement deposition. These approaches will be useful for investigation of other antibody-mediated diseases.
Unified model for assessing checkpointing protocols at extreme‐scale

In this paper, we present a unified model for several well‐known checkpoint/restart protocols. The proposed model is generic enough to encompass both extremes of the checkpoint/restart space, from coordinated approaches to a variety of uncoordinated checkpoint strategies (with message logging). We identify a set of crucial parameters, instantiate them, and compare the expected efficiency of the fault tolerant protocols, for a given application/platform pair. We then propose a detailed analysis of several scenarios, including some of the most powerful currently available high performance computing platforms, as well as anticipated Exascale designs. The results of this analytical comparison are corroborated by a comprehensive set of simulations. Altogether, they outline comparative behaviors of checkpoint strategies at very large scale, thereby providing insight that is hardly accessible to direct experimentation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural setting, kinematics and metamorphism in a km-scale shear zone in the Inner Nappes of Sardinia (Italy)

In continental collisional orogenic belts, the hinterland-foreland transition plays a crucial role in the deformation styles and in the exhumation modes of the middle crustal rocks. The Barbagia Thrust (BT), a regional scale shear zone in the Variscan belt of central Sardinia, represents this transition. The BT, separating nappes withdifferent deformation styles, is still poorly characterized.We present new data of the BT and of the nearby tectonic units, using a multidisciplinary approach. We characterized in detail both meso- and micro-structural features, as well as, the metamorphic conditions with the aid of illite and chlorite “crystallinity” of rocks from the footwall, hanging wall and high-strain zone of the BT. Moreover, combining different palaeopiezometer-wet quartzite flowlaw pairs we characterized the rheological parameters (i.e., flow stress and strain rate) present during the BT activity. Three main deformation phases were recognized. After a D1 contractional deformation, a D2 related to the BT movement was associated to the development of a nearly 100 m thick high-strain zone withthe development of a mylonitic foliation, Sm, at middle crustal conditions, near the brittle-ductile” transition. Metamorphic constrains obtained from the footwall, the hanging wall and the high-strain zone supported an epizonal metamorphism with no unambiguous trend related to the strain intensity.Integrating our new metamorphic, deformation and rheological data, with previous ones in the geological literature helps to better unravel the long-lasting history of the nappe emplacement at hinterland-foreland transition in the Sardinian Variscan Belt.
Carboniferous stratigraphical correlation and interpretation in the Irish Sea

This report systematically details the stratigraphy and palaeogeography of Carboniferous rocks of the UK Irish Sea for the 21CXRM Palaeozoic project. Each stratigraphical group of Carboniferous or Permian age is described in turn. This report describes the stratigraphical correlation of Carboniferous strata of the report area using principally well data, but incorporates information from new seismic interpretations (Pharaoh et al., 2016a) to identify key unconformities. The report provides:  a systematic description of a spatially and temporally variable Carboniferous succession;  Permian strata are also described for the succession above the Variscan Unconformity;  a full incorporation of onshore knowledge is provided given the often limited offshore well data;  a series of four correlation panels of key offshore and onshore wells/boreholes;  a series of eight palaeogeogeographical maps which highlight the potential regional distribution of source and reservoir rock facies through selected time intervals during the Carboniferous. A spreadsheet of well tops accompanies this report.
Ventriculophasic modulation of atrioventricular nodal conduction in humans.

BACKGROUND Baroreceptor-mediated phasic changes in vagal tone have been hypothesized to cause ventriculophasic sinus arrhythmia (VPSA). The objectives of this study were to demonstrate ventriculophasic modulation of AV nodal conduction and to substantiate the role of the baroreflex on ventriculophasic AV nodal conduction (VPAVN) by pharmacological perturbation of parasympathetic tone. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve patients with infra-Hisian second-degree heart block and VPSA were studied. Incremental atrial pacing was performed until AV nodal Wenckebach block at baseline, after phenylephrine infusion, and after atropine. AV nodal conduction curves were constructed for each phase and compared. At baseline, VPAVN was present in 9 of 12 patients on the steep portion of the AV nodal conduction curves. Phenylephrine increased systolic blood pressure from 149+/-33 to 177+/-22 mmHg (P<0.001) and sinus cycle length from 844+/-169 to 1010+/-190 ms (P<0.001) and shifted the AV nodal conduction curves up and to the right. Phenylephrine induced VPAVN in 2 of 3 patients in whom it was not present at baseline and in 11 of 12 total. Atropine abolished both VPSA and VPAVN in all patients. CONCLUSIONS VPAVN was demonstrated in patients with infra-Hisian second-degree AV block. It was accentuated by phenylephrine and abolished by atropine, suggesting a baroreflex mechanism for VPSA and VPAVN.
Adrenomedullin22-52 suppresses high-glucose-induced migration, proliferation, and tube formation of human retinal endothelial cells

Purpose To investigate the roles of an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist (adrenomedullin22–52) on high-glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) in vitro cell biology. Methods HRECs were cultured with different concentrations of glucose and adrenomedullin22–52. The proliferation of HRECs was evaluated by a cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell migration was assessed by scratch wound assay, and cell sprouting was detected by tube formation assay. The mRNA levels of adrenomedullin (ADM), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ADAMTS-1, and TSP-1 were measured by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). The VEGF and phosphatidylinositol 3′ kinase (PI3K) pathway protein expression levels were assessed by western blot analysis. Results Compared with 5 mM normal glucose treatment, 30 mM glucose significantly promoted the migration of HRECs, which was attenuated by 1 μg/ml adrenomedullin22–52. The proliferation of HRECs was also suppressed by 1 μg/ml adrenomedullin22–52. Furthermore, compared with other groups, 5 μg/ml of adrenomedullin22–52 was shown to suppress high-glucose-induced tube formation of HRECs. With adrenomedullin22–52 treatment, the mRNA level of ADAMTS-1 was significantly increased. Moreover, western blot and RT–PCR analyses showed that HRECs treated with 30 mM glucose exhibited increased VEGF and PI3K pathway protein levels, while the expression levels were suppressed by 5 μg/ml of adrenomedullin22–52. Conclusions Our study indicated that adrenomedullin22–52 mediated the migration, proliferation and tube formation after HRECs were exposed to high levels of glucose, which may be related to its ability to affect the expression of VEGF through the PI3K pathway.
Are There Regional Variations in the Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Control of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus?

Abstract Objective: To assess the way healthcare facilities (HCFs) diagnose, survey, and control methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Design: Questionnaire. Setting: Ninety HCFs in 30 countries. Results: Evaluation of susceptibility testing methods showed that 8 laboratories (9%) used oxacillin disks with antimicrobial content different from the one recommended, 12 (13%) did not determine MRSA susceptibility to vancomycin, and 4 (4.5%) reported instances of isolation of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus but neither confirmed this resistance nor alerted public health authorities. A MRSA control program was reported by 55 (61.1%) of the HCFs. The following isolation precautions were routinely used: hospitalization in a private room (34.4%), wearing of gloves (62.2%), wearing of gowns (44.4%), hand washing by healthcare workers (53.3%), use of an isolation sign on the patient's door (43%), or all four. When the characteristics of HCFs with low incidence rates (< 0.4 per 1,000 patient-days) were compared with those of HCFs with high incidence rates (P = 0.4 per 1,000 patient-days), having a higher mean number of beds per infection control nurse was the only factor significantly associated with HCFs with high incidence rates (834 vs 318 beds; P = .02). Conclusion: Our results emphasize the urgent need to strengthen the microbiologic and epidemiologic capacities of HCFs worldwide to prevent MRSA transmission and to prepare them to address the possible emergence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus.
Intratumoral HPV16-Specific T Cells Constitute a Type I–Oriented Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Survival in HPV16-Driven Oropharyngeal Cancer

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC) has a much better prognosis than HPV-negative OPSCC, and this is linked to dense tumor immune infiltration. As the viral antigens may trigger potent immunity, we studied the relationship between the presence of intratumoral HPV-specific T-cell responses, the immune contexture in the tumor microenvironment, and clinical outcome. Experimental Design: To this purpose, an in-depth analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in a prospective cohort of 97 patients with HPV16-positive and HPV16-negative OPSCC was performed using functional T-cell assays, mass cytometry (CyTOF), flow cytometry, and fluorescent immunostaining of tumor tissues. Key findings were validated in a cohort of 75 patients with HPV16-positive OPSCC present in the publicly available The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Results: In 64% of the HPV16-positive tumors, type I HPV16-specific T cells were present. Their presence was not only strongly related to a better overall survival, a smaller tumor size, and less lymph node metastases but also to a type I–oriented tumor microenvironment, including high numbers of activated CD161+ T cells, CD103+ tissue-resident T cells, dendritic cells (DC), and DC-like macrophages. Conclusions: The viral antigens trigger a tumor-specific T-cell response that shapes a favorable immune contexture for the response to standard therapy. Hence, reinforcement of HPV16-specific T-cell reactivity is expected to boost this process. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 634–47. ©2017 AACR. See related commentary by Laban and Hoffmann, p. 505
Primary hyperparathyroidism: lessons from bone histomorphometry.

The chronic excessive hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has significant impact on bone remodeling. Bone turnover increases by about 50%, leading to increased resorption at the endosteal envelope, increased cortical porosity, and thinning of cortical bone. In cancellous bone a different response is seen. Despite stimulation of bone resorption and formation at the tissue level, osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic bone formation at individual bone multicellular units (BMUs) are reduced. This causes reduced erosion depth, reduced bone formation rate, and decreased thickness of bone structural units (BSUs), and bone balance at individual BMUs is preserved and may even improve. Thus, PHPT causes cortical bone loss. At the same time, however, cancellous bone structure remains unchanged or even improved, which may offset cortical bone loss. This probably explains the preservation of bone mass demonstrated in long-term follow-up studies of patients with mild PHPT (S-Ca2+ < 2.80 mM). In severe cases of PHPT (S-Ca2+ > 3.00 mM), the negative effects on cortical bone may override the positive impact on cancellous bone, and lead to bone loss and increased risk of fracture.
A combinatorial, primal-dual approach to semidefinite programs

Semidefinite programs (SDP) have been used in many recentapproximation algorithms. We develop a general primal-dualapproach to solve SDPs using a generalization ofthe well-known multiplicative weights update rule to symmetricmatrices. For a number of problems, such as Sparsest Cut and Balanced Separator in undirected and directed weighted graphs, and the Min UnCut problem, this yields combinatorial approximationalgorithms that are significantly more efficient than interiorpoint methods. The design of our primal-dual algorithms is guidedby a robust analysis of rounding algorithms used to obtain integersolutions from fractional ones.
Identification and Functional Validation of Two Novel Antioxidant Peptides in Saffron

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most expensive spices in the world, boasting rich medicinal and edible value. However, the effective development of active natural substances in saffron is still limited. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the saffron stigma protein, and the main effect peptides have not been identified. In this study, the total protein composition of saffron stigmas was analyzed, and two main antioxidant peptides (DGGSDYLGK and VDPYFNK) were identified, which showed high antioxidant activity. Then, the stability of two peptides was further evaluated. Furthermore, our results suggested that these two peptides may protect HepG2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage by significantly improving the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Collectively, we identified two peptides screened from the saffron protein possessing good antioxidant activity and stability, making them promising candidates for use as functional foods, etc., for health promotion. Our findings indicated that proteomic analysis together with peptide identification is a good method for exploitation and utilization of spice plants.
Las comunidades de algas bentónicas marinas, en la bahía de La Coruña y ría del Burgo

Fruto de los estudios sobre flora y vegetacion bentonica marina, llevados a cabo en la ria de La Coruna (N.O. De la peninsula iberica), se presenta un catalogo floristico, en el que se aportan datos taxonomicos, morfologicos, auto ecologicos, fenologicos, bibliograficos y corologicos de interes. El total de especies es de 310, que comprenden un total de 339 taxones infra especificos destaca, el hallazgo de 13 nuevas citas para la peninsula iberica, 15 para Galicia y 9 para la provincia de La Coruna. En la vegetacion se realiza un estudio fitosociologico de la misma, presentando las catenas de zonacion para 23 localidades de la ria y describiendo 70 comunidades diferentes, acompanadas de 49 tablas fitosociologicas con algo mas de 600 inventarios. Para cada una se describe el habitat, la estructura de la vegetacion, la dinamia, el grado de alteracion y el area de distribucion geografica. Destacan como primeras descripciones de vegetacion para la peninsula iberica las comunidades de Tiffaniella capitatum y Callithamnion sepositum y, para las costas de Galicia, las comunidades de Phyllariopsis purpurascens, Bachelotia antillarum, Iyngbya confervoides, la vegetacion esciofila sobre esponjas y las cubetas de Enteromorpha simplex. Ademas, se realizan descripciones de tipos de vegetacion poco citados o escasos, como por ejemplo las comunidades de Prasiola stipitata, Blidingia chadefaudii, Vaucheria coronata, Gastroclonium reflexion, Ophidocladus simpliciusculus-pterosiphonia pennata, etc. Con los diferentes tipos de vegetacion descritos, se ha elaborado un cuadro, en funcion de la altura en el litoral y del grado de exposicion al oleaje. Tambien se ha confeccionado una propuesta de clasificacion de las comunidades, que se acompana de una tabla en la que figuran la casi totalidad de las especies presentes en cada comunidad.
Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Myocardial Growth During Development by FOXO Transcription Factors

Cardiomyocytes actively proliferate during embryogenesis and withdraw from the cell cycle during neonatal stages. FOXO (Forkhead O) transcription factors are a direct target of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/AKT signaling in skeletal and smooth muscle and regulate expression of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin kinase inhibitors in other cell types; however, the interaction of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/AKT signaling, FOXO transcription factors, and cyclin kinase inhibitor expression has not been reported for the developing heart. Here, we show that FOXO1 and FOXO3 are expressed in the developing myocardium concomitant with increased cyclin kinase inhibitor expression from embryonic to neonatal stages. Cell culture studies show that embryonic cardiomyocytes are responsive to insulin-like growth factor 1 stimulation, which results in the induction of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/AKT pathway, cytoplasmic localization of FOXO proteins, and increased myocyte proliferation. Likewise, adenoviral-mediated expression of AKT promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and cytoplasmic localization of FOXO. In contrast, increased expression of FOXO1 negatively affects myocyte proliferation. In vivo myocyte-specific transgenic expression of FOXO1 during heart development causes embryonic lethality at embryonic day 10.5 because of severe myocardial defects that coincide with premature activation of p21cip1, p27kip1, and p57kip2 and decreased myocyte proliferation. Transgenic expression of dominant negative FOXO1 in cardiomyocytes does not obviously affect heart development at embryonic day 10.5, but results in abnormal morphology of the myocardium by embryonic day 18.5 along with decreased cyclin kinase inhibitor expression and increased myocyte proliferation. These data support FOXO transcription factors as negative regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation and promoters of neonatal cell cycle withdrawal during heart development.