Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Edinburgh Research Explorer Association of two novel proteins, TbMP52 and TbMP48, with the Trypanosoma brucei RNA editing complex

RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria inserts and deletes uridylates at multiple sites in pre-mRNAs as directed by guide RNAs. This occurs by a series of steps that are catalyzed by endoribonuclease, 3 * -terminal uridylyl transferase, 3 * -exouridylylase, and RNA ligase activities. A multiprotein complex that contains these activities and catalyzes deletion editing in vitro was enriched from Trypanosoma brucei mitochondria by sequential ion-exchange and gel ﬁltration chromatography, followed by glycerol gradient sedimentation. The complex size is approximately 1,600 kDa, and the puriﬁed fraction contains 20 major polypeptides. A monoclonal antibody that was generated against the enriched complex reacts with an ; 49-kDa protein and speciﬁcally immunoprecipitates in vitro deletion RNA editing activity. The protein recognized by the antibody was identiﬁed by mass spectrometry, and the corresponding gene, designated TbMP52 , was cloned. Recombinant TbMP52 reacts with the monoclonal antibody. Another novel protein, TbMP48, which is similar to TbMP52, and its gene were also identiﬁed in the enriched complex. These results suggest that TbMP52 and TbMP48 are components of the RNA editing complex.
A system to manage and mine microblogging data

Microblogging, an internet-based social media application, is well adopted by people to show their ideas and to exchange their minds. It is also a valuable resource to capture people’s interests, thoughts and actions. The contents that people posted are widely spread with distinctive topical feature and contain sentiment-rich information of individuals. In this paper, a microblogging data mining system is developed, which has three functional modules: data preparation, topic analysis and sentiment computing. In data preparation, the microblogging data collecting module is implemented by hadoop and a storm based managing and preprocessing module is designed so that the data is processed effectively and efficiently. For the topic analysis, an LDA based method is adopted to detect topics hidden in microblogs. We also propose a method to calculate the hot degree of each topic and to track the topic evolution. For the sentiment analysis, an integrated method by combining the emotion and the dictionary is introduced to quantify the sentiment. Furthermore, the system is used to make a spatial sentimental analysis on microblogging data from all provinces of China. The sentiment changes with topic or event are also presented with visualization.
Real Estate Returns and Inflation

The ability of assets to protect an investor from purchasing power risk due to inflation has received a good deal of attention in the literature recently. The focus of much of this research has been on the properties of common stocks as inflation hedges. Bodie [1976] finds that the real return on equity is negatively related to both anticipated and unanticipated inflation; a similar result is obtained by Fama and Schwert [1977]. Bernard and Frecka [1983] examine individual common stock returns and find that the majority exhibit this negative relationship. This paper uses similar logic to examine the ability of a well-diversified portfolio of real estate to hedge against anticipated and unanticipated inflation. Copyright American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.
Forecasting transportation infrastructure impacts of renewable energy industry using neural networks

AbstractIowa is a state rich in renewable energy resources, especially biomass. The successful development of renewable energy industry in Iowa is concomitant with increase in freight traffic and is likely to have significant impacts on transportation infrastructure condition and increased maintenance expenses for the state and local governments. The primary goal of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of employing the Neural Networks (NN) methodology to forecast the impacts of Iowa's biofuels and wind power industries on Iowa's secondary and local road condition and maintenance-related costs in a panel data framework. The data for this study were obtained from a number of sources and for a total of 24 counties in clusters in Northern, Western, and Southern Iowa over a period of ten years. Back-Propagation NN (BPNN) using a Quasi-Newton secondorder training algorithm was chosen for this study owing to its very fast convergence properties. Since the size of the training set is relatively small, ens.
Evaluation of perceived service quality provided by tourism establishments in Egypt

The tourism industry has recently become one of the most important components of developing economies and a main contributor toward their growth. As a multidimensional industry, it consists of several sectors including accommodation, transport, attractions, etc. Hence, the tourism product represents a complex of tangible and intangible elements, which are mutually, spatially and functionally integrated as a whole, apparent as a range of services arising from the needs, desires and demands of tourists. Recently, the fierce competitive business environment worldwide has made quality one of the most important sources of competitive advantage for tourism enterprises. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of international tourists concerning the service quality provided by three of the main tourism establishments in Egypt, including airlines, hotels and travel agencies, depending on the Service-Performance model. There were two main findings in this exploration. First, tourists had in general good perceptions as regards the services provided by the tourism establishments investigated; and hence, they were overall satisfied with their quality. However, there are some weak aspects that need improvement. Second, the five dimensions of the Service-Performance model had a significant effect on tourists’ overall satisfaction.
Effect of irrigation and nutrients levels on productivity and profitability of sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

A field trial was conducted for 3 consecutive spring season from 2005-06 to 2007-08 on sandy loam soil to study the effect of irrigation and nutrients on productivity, profitability and water use efficiency of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) at Morena, Madhya Pradesh. Irrigation applied at 8 days interval significantly improved the plant height, leave/plant, head diameter, weight/head, seed weight/head, 1,000-seed weight, nutrient use (12.83 kg seed/kg nutrients), production efficiency (21.81 kg/ha/day), seed yield (1.86 t/ha), stalk yield (6.57 t/ha), N, P and K uptake, net profit (Rs 12,885/ha) and B:C ratio (1.85) and recorded 24.21% and 58.19% higher seed yield of sunflower over 12 and 16 days irrigation interval. However, maximum water use efficiency (65.45 kg/ha- cm) was obtained with 16 days irrigation interval. Similarly the nutrient treatment of 125% recommended dose of fertilizer, RDF (75-40-41.5 kg N-P-K/ha) recorded significantly higher water use efficiency, production efficiency, seed yield (1.76 t/ha), stalk yield (6.56 t/ha), N, P and K uptake, net income (Rs 11,784/ha) and B:C ratio (1.80) over other nutrient levels.
Ignorance and Inference: Do Problems with Gricean Epistemic Reasoning Explain Children's Difficulty with Scalar Implicature?

Journal of Semantics Advance Access published December 4, 2014 Journal of Semantics, 0, 2014: 1–29 doi:10.1093/jos/ffu015 LARA HOCHSTEIN University of California, San Diego ALAN BALE Concordia University DANNY FOX The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Massachusetts Institute of Technology DAVID BARNER University of California, San Diego Abstract Unlike adults, children as old as 9 years of age often fail to infer that a sentence like, ‘Some of the children slept’ implies the falsity of its stronger alternative, ‘All of the children slept’—an inference referred to as a ‘scalar implicature’. Several explanations have been proposed to account for children’s failures with scalar implicature, including domain-general processing limitations, pragmatic deficits or an inability to access the relevant alternatives in a lexical scale (e.g. all as an alternative to some). Our study focused on the role of Gricean epistemic reasoning in children’s failures by testing their ability to compute ‘ignorance implicatures’, which require reasoning about speaker knowledge and informativeness but which differ from scalar implicature with respect to the alternative statements that are involved. We administered two matched tasks to 4- and 5-year-old children: one that assessed their ability to compute ignorance implicatures, and another that assessed their ability to compute scalar implicatures. Five-year-olds successfully computed ignorance implicatures despite failing to compute scalar implicatures, while 4-year-olds failed at both types of inference. These results suggest that 5-year-olds are able to reason about speaker knowledge and informative- ness, and thus that it is difficult to explain their deficit with scalar implicature via these factors. We speculate about other possible sources of their difficulties, including pro- cessing limits and children’s access to the specific scalar alternatives required by scalar implicature. s The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com Downloaded from http://jos.oxfordjournals. org/ at University of California, San Diego on December 5, 2014 Ignorance and Inference: Do Problems with Gricean Epistemic Reasoning Explain Children’s Difficulty with Scalar Implicature?
Diabetic dyslipidaemia

Type 2 diabetic patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and, although many factors contribute to this risk, it is likely that diabetic dyslipidaemia plays an important role. Dyslipidaemia in Type 2 diabetic patients is characterized by low levels of HDL cholesterol and high triglyceride levels. In Type 2 diabetes, the total amount of LDL cholesterol is the same as in healthy people, but there are qualitative changes, e.g. a shift to smaller, denser LDL particles and an increased susceptibility to oxidation. Oxidized LDL may promote the development of atherosclerosis. It is possible to modify the major abnormalities of diabetic dyslipidaemia by combining lifestyle modifications (e.g. increased physical activity, cessation of smoking and weight reduction) with improved glycaemic control and hypolipidaemic drugs to reduce the burden of CVD within this high‐risk population.
Analyzing the total productivity change in travel agencies

This article estimates changes in total productivity in travel agencies in two stages. In the first stage, it breaks down total productivity into technically efficient change and technological change by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA) applied to a representative sample of travel agencies operating in the Portuguese market. The aim of this procedure is to seek out those best practices that will lead to improved performance in the market. We rank the companies according to their change in total productivity for the period 2000-2004, concluding that some companies experienced productivity growth while others experienced a decrease in productivity. In the second stage, the inefficient scores are regressed into contextual variables of inefficiency with a bootstrapped Tobit model. The implications arising from the study are considered in terms of managerial policy.
Strategic marketing practices as drivers of successful business performance in British, Australian and New Zealand golf clubs

Abstract Little is known about the uptake of strategic marketing planning in golf clubs. Thus, based on a sample of 307 Australian, New Zealand and British golf clubs, this study examines the application of the normative model of strategic marketing planning and its associated marketing practices to golf club administration. Using information derived from golf club managers/secretaries, it investigates both the extent to which strategic marketing practices have been adopted as well as their contribution to golf organisation business performance. The results are highly supportive of the conventional wisdom as to the ingredients of strategic marketing success. Compared with their lower performing counterparts, the higher performing golf clubs are clearly more active in executing a wide range of strategic marketing practices. However, the results also indicate that there is much scope for golf clubs to do more and better strategic marketing. In the face of a challenging operating environment golf club management can take heart from these results: embracing strategic marketing planning is a beneficial business practice that can help improve long-term club viability.
Study of blood microcirculation of pancreas in rats with alloxan diabetes by Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging

The blood microcirculation of the pancreas in rats with diabetes was studied using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI). The impact on blood flow of x-ray contrast “Omnipaque TM -300” ( n = 1.438) and aqueous solution of “Omnipaque TM -300” ( n = 1.407) used as optical clearing agents (OCAs) was also investigated. The alloxan induced animal model of diabetes was exploited. The results obtained in the study of blood microcirculation disorders of pancreas in diabetes and under topical application of optical clearing agents show that disease development in animals causes changes in the microcirculatory system response to application of “Omnipaque TM -300” solutions.
Dispersion of the QT interval. A marker of therapeutic efficacy in the idiopathic long QT syndrome.

BACKGROUND QT interval dispersion, measured as interlead variability of QT, is a marker of dispersion of ventricular repolarization and, hence, of cardiac electrical instability. We tested the hypothesis that dispersion of ventricular repolarization may be differently affected by interventions destined to provide complete or incomplete protection against malignant arrhythmias in patients with long QT syndrome (LQTS). Twenty-eight patients affected by the Romano Ward form of LQTS entered the study and were divided into three groups: LQTS patients before institution of therapy, patients who did respond to beta-blocker therapy, and patients who continued to have syncope and cardiac arrest despite beta-blockade and who underwent left cardiac sympathetic denervation. A group of 15 healthy volunteers served as control subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Dispersion of QT and QTc were calculated using two indexes: the difference between the longest and the shortest value measured in each of the 12 ECG leads (QTmax-QTmin, QTcmax-QTcmin) and the relative dispersion of QT and QTc (standard deviation of QT/QT average x100, standard deviation of QTc/QTc average x100). Both indexes of dispersion of repolarization were higher in the LQTS patients than in control subjects; also, patients not responding to beta-blockers had a significantly higher dispersion of repolarization than responders. A cutoff value of 100 milliseconds for QTmax-QTmin had an 80% sensitivity and 82% specificity in discriminating between responders and nonresponders. A cutoff value of 6 for QT relative dispersion yielded similar results. The LQTS patients who did not respond to beta-blockade underwent left cardiac sympathetic denervation and thereafter remained asymptomatic (mean follow-up, 5 +/- 4 years). In this group, dispersion of repolarization was significantly reduced by the surgical denervation to values similar to that of the responders to beta-blockade. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that QT dispersion is a useful clinical tool to predict efficacy of antiadrenergic therapy in LQTS patients.
VELOCITY AND THE VARIABILITY OF MONEY GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM A VARMA, GARCH-M MODEL

This paper uses recent advances in financial econometrics to test the Friedman hypothesis that money supply volatility Granger-causes velocity. Comparisons are made among simple-sum and Divisia velocity series at the M1 and M2 levels of monetary aggregation, using quarterly data from 1959:1 to 2004:3. The conclusion is that the Friedman hypothesis cannot be rejected if money supply volatility is modeled explicitly, using models that capture important volatility effects that previous work has ignored.
Evidence on a Simplified Model of Systematic Risk

ics in finance and accounting. Empirical analyses have examined correlations between accounting variables and beta [1, 2, 3, 9, 11], the association between macroeconomic factors and beta [26], and the relationship between operating and/or financial leverage and beta [5, 10, 12]. More commonly seen in the literature is the multiple regression model of beta as a function of numerous accounting variables and ad hoc proxies for other possible determinants [4, 6, 13, 16, 18, 19, 25, 28, 31]. Unfortunately, the somewhat inconsistent results of those studies are not clearly reconcilable into a unified profile of the determinants of systematic risk. An econometric explanation is not easy. In multiple regression studies such as Breen and Lerer [6], the presence of numerous accounting variables in a single model creates possibilities of obscuring the effects of any appropriately specified variables. Furthermore, it is not at all clear which, if any, of such variables should be tested at all. The firm's systematic risk should be related to the underlying activities of the firm [27], but without a rigorous theoretical model, testing the effects of such variables is not a promising route. For example, Rosenberg and McKibben [28], Pettit and Westerfield [25], and Thompson [31] all developed statistical models relating beta to financial variables, and while their results were interesting, in each case it could be said that the "data were in search of a theory. " Myers [23] recently attempted to provide a theory in which investor predictions of cash flows were generated by an adaptive expectations model. Solving this multi-period problem confirmed his suspicions that cyclicality, growth, and earnings volatility were determinants of beta. Turbull [32] set up a model where firm value is stochastically generated by a Geometric Brownian motion process. He found that beta was determined by growth of expected cash flows, duration
Accounting Methods and P/E Ratios

If investors distinguish between companies' accounting methods in capitalizing earnings, then one would expect more conservative (i.e., income-decreasing) methods to be associated with higher price-earnings ratios. Using a sample of 117 firms over the 1970-75 period, the authors examined the relation between a company's PIE ratio and its method of accounting for inventory (LIFO versus FIFO), depreciation (accelerated or straight-line) and investment tax credit (deferred or flow-through); financial variables controlled for dividends, growth, beta and firm size. The results indicate that dividend payout and firm size were the most important financial variables. Of the accounting variables, inventory method and investment tax credit method were significantly related to P/E ratio; companies that chose LIFO inventory and deferred investment tax credit had higher price-earnings ratios than companies that chose FIFO and flow-through tax credit. Depreciation method did not appear to be related to P/E.
Economic and Industrial Democracy

The Changing Pattern of Share Ownership. As indicated elsewhere in these pages, one of the most important economic developments of recent years has been the changing pattern of share ownership in UK quoted companies. Ownership of equities gives the holder the legal right to vote at company annual general meetings on such matters as the appointment and removal of directors. When a group of investors owns enough shares to control the board of directors then that group can clearly exert a powerful influence over managerial decision‐making. This is now the case in the United Kingdom with respect to a major group of investors. The combined equity holdings of institutional investors — pension funds, insurance companies, investment trust companies and unit trusts — amounted to 51 per cent of all UK quoted equities at the end of 1980. These financial institutions thus controlled more than half the voting power in British industrial and commercial enterprises, and they continue to acquire a further two per cent of all UK quoted equities each year. This gives considerable power to institutional portfolio managers. It could be suggested that this power, particularly in the case of pension funds which form the largest and fastest growing sector, should be vested in those who contribute the savings which finance the growth of institutional equity holdings, that is employees or their elected representatives.
The Expenditure Switching Effect, Welfare and Monetary Policy in a Small Open Economy

This paper analyses the implications of the 'expenditure switching effect' for the role of the exchange rate in monetary policy in a small open economy. It is shown that, when elasticity of substitution between home and foreign goods is not equal to unity, welfare depends on the variances of producer prices and the terms of trade. Producer-price targeting is compared to consumer-price targeting and a fixed exchange rate. It is found that a fixed exchange rate yields higher welfare than the other regimes only when the elasticity of substitution between home and foreign goods is a very high. ownership.
Field Data on Accounting Error Rates and Audit Sampling

SUMMARY: Changes in the accounting and auditing environments since the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) and the creation of the Public Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) have likely impacted accounting population error rates and audit sampling procedures. We investigate accounting population error rates and auditor sampling performance for a unique proprietary post-SOX dataset of 160 audit sampling applications for a large auditing firm. Compared to previous research, we find that in the post-SOX period, accounting data error rates are significantly lower in magnitude and frequency, sample sizes are significantly larger, and auditor performance has improved in evaluating sample errors. The low error rates suggest criticisms in prior research regarding audit sampling techniques may not be a serious concern for most audit sampling applications. Furthermore, we provide evidence that auditors' application of audit sampling is more consistent with the requirements in professional standards than previously reported.
Increasing the resilience and adaptive capacity of cities through entrepreneurial urbanism

This paper sets out to provide an illustrative discussion of emergent and somewhat decentralised urban uplift through a lens of entrepreneurial urbanism. Informal interventions by citizens and entrepreneurs can positively contribute to the urban environment which in turn provides the setting for real estate assets. This whole landscape perspective underlines the increasingly important partnership between citizens, private and public sectors in delivering a resilient yet adaptive urban environment as is evident in the recent shift from 'managerialism' to 'entrepeneurialism' in urban planning. The examples provided here demonstrate opportunities and beneficial effects of informal and appropriated uplift of spaces which fall outside of formal regeneration and renewal projects. It is asserted that this kind of democratisation of space will be increasingly relevant for urban development as public budgets are reduced and funding opportunities become more limited. Value creation and maintenance of the whole urban environment is increasingly a shared responsibility, requiring businesses to acknowledge greater levels of reciprocity and inter-dependencies. Cities are evolving 'organic' entities through which a more holistic and co-dependent appreciation of individual assets is suggested here in order to fully appreciate the environmental context and interplay between business and society.