Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer resection rates in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study

Abstract Background and objective Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to analyse the trends in rates of resection for IBD-related CRC in the USA. Methods We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1995 to 2012. Temporal trends in age-adjusted rates of resection for CRC in the setting of IBD were analysed using multivariate Joinpoint regression models. The primary outcome was surgical resection of CRC in the setting of IBD. Results We included 3 597 168 IBD discharges in the present study, of which 275 479 underwent CRC resection between 1995 and 2012. The annual CRC resection rates among IBD population decreased significantly from 1995 to 2012. This decrease was significant in all age groups with an annual decrease of 393 (P < 0.001), 359 (P < 0.001), 293 (P < 0.001) and 159 (P < 0.001) per 100 000 IBD discharges between 1995 and 2012 for age groups 18–39, 40–49, 50–74 and >75 years, respectively. The annual IBD-CRC resection rate per 100 000 IBD discharges for proximal CRC decreased by 149 (P < 0.001), 130 (P < 0.001), 95 (P < 0.001) and 50 (P < 0.001), respectively, and the annual distal CRC resections per 100 000 IBD discharges decreased by 104 (P < 0.001), 123 (P < 0.001), 123 (P < 0.001) and 82 (P < 0.001), respectively, for age groups 18–39, 40–49, 50–74 and >75 years, between 1995 and 2012. On multivariate Poisson regression analysis, after adjustment for age and sex, CRC resections decreased by 3.9% each year from 1995 to 2012. Conclusions CRC resection rates among IBD patients have continued to decrease annually from 1995 to 2012. There is a population-level decrease in resection of both proximal and distal CRC reflecting a decreasing incidence of IBD-related CRC incidence in the USA.
OTA-based Non-Inverting and Inverting Precision Full-Wave Rectifier Circuits without diodes

A three output operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with two complementary MOS transistors and a grounded resistor is used to realize non-inverting and inverting full-wave precision rectifiers. The attractive features of the proposed rectifiers are; high input impedance, large input operating range, high frequency operation, low zero crossing distortion, linearity, low component count and suitable for IC fabrication. SPICE simulation results, with 0.5 µm CMOS model obtained through MIETEC, are included to verify the proposed circuits.
CV-SLAM: a new ceiling vision-based SLAM technique

We propose a fast and robust CV-SLAM (ceiling vision-based simultaneous localization and mapping) technique using a single ceiling vision sensor. The proposed algorithm is suitable for system that demands very high localization accuracy such as an intelligent robot vacuum cleaner. A single camera looking upward direction (called ceiling vision system) is mounted on the robot, and salient image features are detected and tracked through the image sequence. Compared with the conventional frontal view systems, the ceiling vision has advantage in tracking, since it involves only rotation and affine transform without scale change. And, in this paper, we solve the rotation and affine transform problems using 3D gradient orientation estimation method and multi-view description of landmarks. By applying these methods to the solution for data association, we can reconstruct the 3D landmark map in real-time through the extend Kalman filter based SLAM framework. Furthermore, relocation problem is solved efficiently by using a wide base line matching between the reconstructed 3D map and a 2D ceiling image. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithm in real environments.
Measuring the Closeness of Relationships: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the 'Inclusion of the Other in the Self' Scale

Understanding the nature and influence of social relationships is of increasing interest to behavioral economists, and behavioral scientists more generally. In turn, this creates a need for tractable, and reliable, tools for measuring fundamental aspects of social relationships. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of the 'Inclusion of the Other in the Self' (IOS) Scale, a handy pictorial tool for measuring the subjectively perceived closeness of a relationship. The tool is highly portable, very easy for subjects to understand and takes less than 1 minute to administer. Across our three online studies with a diverse adult population (n = 772) we show that six different scales designed to measure relationship closeness are all highly significantly positively correlated with the IOS Scale. We then conduct a Principal Component Analysis to construct an Index of Relationship Closeness and find that it correlates very strongly (ρ = 85) with the IOS Scale. We conclude that the IOS Scale is a psychologically meaningful and highly reliable measure of the subjective closeness of relationships.
German morphosyntactic gender and lexical access

containing a target (Anker [masc] , 'anchor'), a gender-matching picture (Lastwagen [masc] , 'truck'), and two gender-mismatching pictures (Melone [fem] , 'watermelon' and Kiste [fem] , 'chest'). In the instructions, the target was preceded by its gender-marked definite article and an adjective unmarked for gender ("Wo befindet sich der [masc] schwere [ ∅ ] Anker", 'Where is the heavy anchor'). Pre-tests established the adjective fit all four pictures equally well, and the pictures' function (gender-matching or gender-mismatching) was alternated in different lists. The delay between display appearance and instruction onset was the same as in Dahan et al. (2000), namely 500 ms, and pictures were not shown in advance to participants. Immediately after article offset, participants began fixating targets and gender-matching pictures more often than gender-mismatching pictures. The advantage of gender-matching pictures over gender-mismatching pictures was highly significant during the adjective. Fixations to gender-matching pictures only decreased after target noun onset. Because of the relatively low frequency of article-adjective-noun sequences, these results suggest the gender effect draws on morphosyntactic gender categories, instead of being based on co-occurrence frequencies. Grammatical gender carried by the article seems to facilitate recognition of all gender-matching nouns and/or inhibit all gender-mismatching nouns. The earliness of the effect makes it unlikely that listeners consciously used gender information to restrict their attention to pictures whose names matched the article's gender. Furthermore, fixation patterns during the first and second halves of the experiment were comparable, suggesting no strategy was developed. Finally, debriefing confirmed that participants were unaware of any article or gender manipulation. For all these reasons, we assume the results do not reflect experimentally induced behavior, but rather reflect normal language processing mechanisms in the context of object-identification. Reference
The Oxford Handbook of Critical Management Studies

Introduction – Critical Theory and its Contribution to Critical Management Studies – Critical Realism in Critical Management Studies – Poststructuralism in Critical Management Studies – Perspectives on Labor Process Theory – Organizations and the Natural Environment – Power at Work in Organizations – Critical Management Studies on Identity: Mapping the Terrain – Managing Globalization – Discourse and Critical Management Studies – Culture: Broadening the Critical Repertoire – Critical Approaches to Organizational Change – Ethics: Critique, Ambivalence, and Infinite Responsibilities (Unmet) – Critical Management and Organizational History – Gender and Diversity: Other Ways to “Make a Difference” – Towards A Workers' Society? New Perspectives on Work and Emancipation – Critical Management Methodology – Marketing – Information Systems – Strategy – Communication – Human Resource Management – Accounting – Challenging Hierarchy – On Striving to Give a Critical Edge to Critical Management Studies – Critical Reflections on Labor Process Theory, Work, and Management – Critical Management Education – Handbooks, Swarms, and Living Dangerously.
Multiscale Interactions Between Surface Shear Stress and Velocity in Turbulent Boundary Layers and Their Implications on LES Boundary Condition Formulations

parameterizations used in numerical models of turbulent boundary layers. In this study, high-frequencymeasurementsobtainedinawindtunnelareusedtoidentifydominantscales of interaction (quantified in terms of scale-dependent linear correlation) between wind velocity and shear stress via wavelet cross-correlation analysis. Three ranges of scales of interaction are identified: (1) in the inertial subrange the correlation is negligible; (2) in the energy production range the correlation follows a logarithmic law and exhibits scale invariance under normalization of scale with distance to the surface, z; and (3) for scales larger than the boundary layer height, d, the correlation reaches a plateau value which is a functionofz/d.Ourresultsallowustoestimatethelinearcorrelationbetweenshearstressand wind velocity at multiple scales and assess the reliability of typical boundary condition formulations in numerical models (for instance, large-eddy simulation) that compute shear stress (or its fluctuations) as a linear function of wind velocity at the first vertical grid point. INDEX TERMS: 3307 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes; 3322 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions; 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation; KEYWORDS: wavelets, shear stress, boundary layers
Nitric oxide: a potential mediator of amino acid-induced renal hyperemia and hyperfiltration.

The role of nitric oxide in the modulation of systemic and renal hemodynamics was examined by using N omega-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, 110 micrograms/kg/min), a competitive inhibitor of the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide. L-NMMA or saline vehicle (9.6 microL/min) was infused intravenously into anesthetized euvolemic Munich-Wistar rats. After 30 min, L-NMMA resulted in a uniform increase in mean arterial blood pressure (111 +/- 1 to 128 +/- 2 mmHg; P less than 0.05) and a modest reduction in renal plasma flow rate (4.4 +/- 0.2 to 4.2 +/- 0.1 mL/min; P less than 0.05), without change in glomerular filtration rate (1.16 +/- 0.03 to 1.15 +/- 0.03 mL/min); vehicle had no effect on these renal parameters. These rats were then subdivided to receive an intravenous infusion (37 microL/min) of either 10% glycine, 11.4% mixed amino acids, or equiosmolar dextrose. L-NMMA pretreatment markedly attenuated glycine-induced hyperfiltration (10 +/- 6 versus 33 +/- 5%, L-NMMA versus vehicle; P less than 0.05) and obliterated the renal hyperemic response (-7 +/- 6 versus 16 +/- 4%, L-NMMA versus vehicle; P less than 0.05). L-NMMA also caused modest blunting of the mixed amino acid-induced hyperfiltration (18 +/- 4 versus 30 +/- 4%, L-NMMA versus vehicle; P = 0.056) but failed to curtail the renal hyperemia (16 +/- 6 versus 20 +/- 4%). Dextrose had no effect on glomerular filtration rate or renal plasma flow. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Stimulation of basal transcription from the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter by Oct proteins

The steroid hormone-inducible promoter of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) contains three overlapping sequences related to the consensus octamer motif ATGCAAAT. Basal promoter activity in the absence of hormone induction from a template in which all three octamer elements were mutated was decreased by two-to threefold in in vitro transcription assays. Oct-1 protein purified from HeLa cell nuclear extracts, as well as recombinant Oct-1 expressed in bacteria, recognized MMTV octamer-related sequences, as shown by DNase I footprinting. Furthermore, rabbit polyclonal antiserum directed against recombinant Oct-1 completely inhibited the formation of specific complexes between MMTV octamer-related sequences and proteins present in nuclear extracts of HeLa cells, indicating that Oct-1 is the major protein in HeLa nuclear extracts that recognizes octamer-related sequences in the MMTV promoter. In addition, depletion of Oct-1 from the nuclear extract by using Oct-1-specific antiserum or a sequence-specific DNA affinity resin decreased in vitro transcription from the wild-type MMTV promoter to a level identical to that obtained from a promoter in which all three octamer-related sequences were mutated. Addition of purified HeLa Oct-1 or recombinant Oct-1 to the depleted extract selectively increased transcription from the wild-type relative to the mutated promoter, demonstrating that Oct-1 transcription factor stimulates basal transcription from the MMTV promoter. A similar effect was observed when purified recombinant Oct-2 was added to the Oct-1-depleted extract, suggesting that Oct-2 may play an important role in MMTV transcription in B cells.
Blockiness in JPEG-coded images

In two experiments, dissimilarity data and numerical scaling data were obtained to determine the underlying attributes of image quality in baseline sequential JPEG coded imags. Although several distortions were perceived, i.e., blockiness, ringing and blur, the subjective data for all attributes where highly correlated, so that image quality could approximately be described by one independent attribute. We therefore proceeded by developing an instrumental measure for one of these distortions, i.e., blockiness. In this paper a single-ended blockiness measure is proposed, i.e., one that uses only the coded image. Our approach is therefore fundamentally different from most image quality models that use both the original and the degraded image. The measure is based on detecting the low- amplitude edges that result from blocking and estimating the amplitudes. Because of the approximate 1D of the underlying psychological space, the proposed blockiness measure also predicts the image quality of sequential baseline coded JPEG images.
Context-dependent HMM modeling using tree-based clustering for the recognition of handwritten words

This paper presents an HMM-based recognizer for the off-line recognition of handwritten words. Word models are the concatenation of context-dependent character models (trigraphs). The trigraph models we consider are similar to triphone models in speech recognition, where a character adapts its shape according to its adjacent characters. Due to the large number of possible context-dependent models to compute, a top-down clustering is applied on each state position of all models associated with a particular character. This clustering uses decision trees, based on rhetorical questions we designed. Decision trees have the advantage to model untrained trigraphs. Our system is shown to perform better than a baseline context independent system, and reaches an accuracy higher than 74% on the publicly available Rimes database.
A discrete-trial approach to the functional analysis of aggressive behaviour in two boys with autism

Intervention to reduce challenging behaviour may be enhanced when based on a prior functional analysis. The present study describes a discrete-trial approach for the functional analysis of aggressive behaviour in two boys with autism. Twenty brief assessment trials were conducted in the classroom by the teacher under each of three conditions (i.e., attention, task and tangible). The results showed a clear pattern to each child's aggressive behaviour and suggested logical intervention strategies, although the study is limited because it involved only two children. The discrete-trial approach would appear to represent a practical and ecologically valid technique for conducting a functional analysis of challenging behaviour in applied settings
Young women's understandings of (future) marriage: Links to sexual risk and HIV prevention

abstract The widespread incidence of HIV and AIDS in South Africa forces us to examine all relationships and the institutions within which they exist. Marriage remains a fundamental institution through which sexual and social relations are forged. However, little is known of the ways in which HIV prevention manifests in the institution of marriage, particularly as marriage is regarded as a relatively safe sexual zone. In this briefing the focus is on young women students and the ways in which their understandings of (future) marriage are linked to sexual risk and HIV prevention. The data presented in this briefing draw on a larger study that aimed to explore young adults’ understandings of and preparedness for marriage, carried out with a diverse group of 208 fourth-year students (127 female and 81 male) at a South African university. Focusing on the young women in the study, the findings indicate that the majority see marriage as an important future goal. I argue that young women are constrained in their ability to prevent HIV infection in marriage due to the meanings they attached to marriage, being situated within restrictive cultural expectations and idealised notions that perpetuate gender inequalities which place women in subordinate positions.
Like Mother Like Son ? Experimental Evidence on the Transmission of Values from Parents to Children *

Like Mother Like Son? Experimental Evidence on the Transmission of Values from Parents to Children This paper studies whether prosocial values are transmitted from parents to their children. We do so through an economic experiment, in which a group of Hispanic and African American families play a standard public goods game. The experimental data presents us with a surprising result. We find no significant correlation between the degree of cooperation of a child and that of his or her parents. Such lack of cooperation is robust across age groups, sex, family size and different estimation strategies. This contrasts with the typical assumption made by the theoretical economic literature on the inter-generational transmission of values. The absence of correlation between parents' and children's behavior, however, is consistent with part of the psychological literature, which emphasizes the importance of peer effects in the socialization process. JEL Classification: C92, H41, Z1
A Novel Simplified Receiver for a Restricted Class of Massive MIMO Channels

The maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver has excellent performance in the uplink of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems under favorable propagation, but the performance degrades very much in a harsh channel because of interference. Theoretical analysis showing this phenomenon is given for a particular class of fading channel. A novel receiver, exploiting preemphasis/deemphasis enhances the performance of MRC in the harsh channel by suppressing interference. MRC is shown to exhibit performance ceilings in a particular harsh massive MIMO channel whereas the novel receiver does not. Analytical lower bounds of the uplink achievable rate of the two methods and simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed receiver. Monte Carlo simulation shows that the new receiver has comparable performance to minimum mean-square error (MMSE)/zero-forcing (ZF) while having much lower implementation complexity.
Systematic Characteristic Exploration of the Chimeras Generated in Multiple Displacement Amplification through Next Generation Sequencing Data Reanalysis

Background The chimeric sequences produced by phi29 DNA polymerase, which are named as chimeras, influence the performance of the multiple displacement amplification (MDA) and also increase the difficulty of sequence data process. Despite several articles have reported the existence of chimeric sequence, there was only one research focusing on the structure and generation mechanism of chimeras, and it was merely based on hundreds of chimeras found in the sequence data of E. coli genome. Method We finished data mining towards a series of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) reads which were used for whole genome haplotype assembling in a primary study. We established a bioinformatics pipeline based on subsection alignment strategy to discover all the chimeras inside and achieve their structural visualization. Then, we artificially defined two statistical indexes (the chimeric distance and the overlap length), and their regular abundance distribution helped illustrate of the structural characteristics of the chimeras. Finally we analyzed the relationship between the chimera type and the average insertion size, so that illustrate a method to decrease the proportion of wasted data in the procedure of DNA library construction. Results/Conclusion 131.4 Gb pair-end (PE) sequence data was reanalyzed for the chimeras. Totally, 40,259,438 read pairs (6.19%) with chimerism were discovered among 650,430,811 read pairs. The chimeric sequences are consisted of two or more parts which locate inconsecutively but adjacently on the chromosome. The chimeric distance between the locations of adjacent parts on the chromosome followed an approximate bimodal distribution ranging from 0 to over 5,000 nt, whose peak was at about 250 to 300 nt. The overlap length of adjacent parts followed an approximate Poisson distribution and revealed a peak at 6 nt. Moreover, unmapped chimeras, which were classified as the wasted data, could be reduced by properly increasing the length of the insertion segment size through a linear correlation analysis. Significance This study exhibited the profile of the phi29MDA chimeras by tens of millions of chimeric sequences, and helped understand the amplification mechanism of the phi29 DNA polymerase. Our work also illustrated the importance of NGS data reanalysis, not only for the improvement of data utilization efficiency, but also for more potential genomic information.
Terminal QRS Complex Distortion on the Admission Electrocardiogram in Anterior Acute Myocardial Infarction and Association with Residual Flow and Infarct Size after Primary Angioplasty

Background Terminal QRS complex distortion on admission is a simple and reliable predictor of infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is uncertain, however, whether this reflects reduced myocardial perfusion of the infarct area and a larger area of the myocardium at risk. This study was conducted to investigate whether terminal QRS distortion complex on admission is a reliable predictor of reduced residual flow and a larger area of the myocardium at risk compared to patients who are admitted without a terminal QRS distortion. Methods We evaluated the relationship between terminal QRS complex distortion and residual flow to the infarct zone and risk area in 46 anterior AMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty. 99mTc-sestamibi imaging was performed at baseline and 5-9 days after angioplasty. The study population was divided into those with (Group I, n=16) and without (Group II, n=30) terminal QRS complex distortion. Results Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. The area of the myocardium at risk was higher in Group I (59.9±15.3%) than in Group II (48.6±13.7%, p<0.05; mean+SD) while the nadir measurement of the residual flow was lower in Group I (0.10±0.07) than in Group II (0.16±0.09, p<0.05). Although the final infarct size was significantly higher in Group I (40.8±17.2%) than in Group II (27.1±18.1%, p<0.05), the myocardial salvage index did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion Terminal QRS complex distortion seems to be associated with less residual flow to the infarct zone, a larger risk area and greater infarct size in patients with anterior AMI.