Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Logic-DRAM Co-Design to Exploit the Efficient Repair Technique for Stacked DRAM

Three-dimensional (3D) integration is promising to provide dramatic performance and energy efficiency improvement to 3D logic-DRAM integrated computing system, but also poses significant challenge to the yield. To address this challenge, this paper explores a way to leverage logic-DRAM co-design to reactivate unused spares and thereby enable the cost-efficient technique to repair 3D integration-induced defective DRAM cells after die stacking. In particular, we propose to make the DRAM array open its spares to off-chip access by a small architectural modification and further design the defective address comparison and redundant address remapping with an efficient architecture on logic die to achieve equivalent memory repair. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed repair technique for stacked DRAM can significantly alleviate potential yield loss, with minimal area and power consumption overhead and negligible timing penalty.
Dispersion of the Gilbert-Elliott Channel

Channel dispersion plays a fundamental role in assessing the backoff from capacity due to finite blocklength. This paper analyzes the channel dispersion for a simple channel with memory: the Gilbert-Elliott communication model in which the crossover probability of a binary symmetric channel evolves as a binary symmetric Markov chain, with and without side information at the receiver about the channel state. With side information, dispersion is equal to the average of the dispersions of the individual binary symmetric channels plus a term that depends on the Markov chain dynamics, which do not affect the channel capacity. Without side information, dispersion is equal to the spectral density at zero of a certain stationary process, whose mean is the capacity. In addition, the finite blocklength behavior is analyzed in the non-ergodic case, in which the chain remains in the initial state forever.
T-tree or B-tree: main memory database index structure revisited

While the B-tree (or the B/sup +/-tree) is the most popular index structure in disk-based relational database systems, the T-tree has been widely accepted as a promising index structure for main memory databases where the entire database (or most of them) resides in the main memory. However, most work on the T-tree reported in the literature did not take concurrency control into consideration. In this paper we report our study on the performance of the main memory database index structure that allows concurrent accesses of multiple users. Two concurrency control approaches over the T-tree are presented. The results of a simulation study indicate that the B-link tree, a variant of the widely used B-tree index will outperform the T-tree if concurrency control is enforced. This is due to the fact that concurrency control over a T-tree requires more lock operations than that of a B-link tree, and the overhead of locking and unlocking is high.
Al-free di-trioctahedral substitution in chlorite and a ferri-sudoite end-member

Abstract A compilation of Fe3+-bearing chlorite analyses is used: (1) to investigate the Al-free di-trioctahedral (AFDT) substitution 2Fe3+ +□= 3(Mg,Fe2+) in chlorite; and (2) to estimate the composition of a ferri-sudoite end-member (Si3Al)[(Fe2+,Mg)2Fe3+2□Al]O10(OH)8 within the chlorite solid-solution domain. According to our observations, up to two Fe3+ cations might be allocated in the M2-M3 chlorite sites by the substitution AFDT, which does not involve Al. These unexpected observations were made possible by the development of μXANES techniques allowing in situ measurements of XFe3+ (Fe3+/(Fe2+ + Fe3+)) in heterogeneous chlorite. Although further studies are required to confirm the crystallographic position of Fe3+ and refine its ionic/magnetic behaviour in chlorite, this development creates opportunities for developing new geothermometers.
Editorial for the Special Issue 100 Years of Chronogeometrodynamics: The Status of the Einstein's Theory of Gravitation in Its Centennial Year

The present Editorial introduces the Special Issue dedicated by the journal Universe to the General Theory of Relativity, the beautiful theory of gravitation of Einstein, a century after its birth. It reviews some of its key features in a historical perspective, and, in welcoming distinguished researchers from all over the world to contribute it, some of the main topics at the forefront of the current research are outlined.
Induction of antibodies to hyaluronic acid by immunization of rabbits with encapsulated streptococci

The immunogenicity of hyaluronic acid was investigated. Rabbits were immunized with encapsulated group A and C streptococci. Intact long- chain hyaluronate was conjugated to BSA for use as antigen in an ELISA. Antibodies to the hyaluronate-BSA conjugate were detected in peak immune sera. The specificity of the antibodies for both mammalian and streptococcal hyaluronate was shown by inhibition studies. To further confirm the presence of antihyaluronate antibodies, hyaluronidase- digested streptococcal hyaluronate was conjugated to biotin and used as an antigen in the ELISA. A clear immunization effect was shown for each rabbit by the study of preimmune and postimmunization bleedings. Titers for each rabbit increased by greater than 32 - 256 - fold. Inhibition studies using hyaluronidase-digested hyaluronate and periodate-treated hyaluronate showed that the immunodominant site of antibody reactivity was a terminal glucuronic acid residue. Further studies showed that the carboxyl group of the terminal glucuronide was the major immunoreactive site. Both mammalian and streptococcal hyaluronate inhibited the immune rabbit sera reaction to streptococcal hyaluronate, demonstrating crossreactivity of these molecules. Thus, hyaluronate was shown to be immunogenic in rabbits.
Occupational Attainment as a Marker of Cognitive Reserve in Multiple Sclerosis

Cognitive dysfunction affects half of MS patients. Although brain atrophy generally yields the most robust MRI correlations with cognition, significant variance in cognition between individual MS patients remains unexplained. Recently, markers of cognitive reserve such as premorbid intelligence have emerged as important predictors of neuropsychological performance in MS. In the present study, we aimed to extend the cognitive reserve construct by examining the potential contribution of occupational attainment to cognitive decline in MS patients. Brain atrophy, estimated premorbid IQ, and occupational attainment were assessed in 72 MS patients. The Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Functioning in MS was used to evaluate indices of information processing speed, memory, and executive function. Results showed that occupational attainment was a significant predictor of information processing speed, memory, and executive function in hierarchical linear regressions after accounting for brain atrophy and premorbid IQ. These data suggest that MS patients with low occupational attainment fare worse cognitively than those with high occupational attainment after controlling for brain atrophy and premorbid IQ. Occupation, like premorbid IQ, therefore may make an independent contribution to cognitive outcome in MS. Information regarding an individual's occupation is easily acquired and may serve as a useful proxy for cognitive reserve in clinical settings.
Identification of novel keloid biomarkers through Profiling of Tissue Biopsies versus Cell Cultures in Keloid Margin specimens Compared to adjacent Normal Skin

Barbara Shih, BSc, MSc, Duncan Angus McGrouther, MBBS, FRCS, MD, and Ardeshir Bayat, BSc (Hons), MBBS, MRCS, PhD b aPlastic & Reconstructive Surgery Research, Epithelial Sciences, School of Translational Medicine, Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; and bManchester Academic Health Science Centre, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundtion, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
Effect of skew angle on free vibration responses of sandwich composite plate

In the present article, the free vibration responses of the shear deformable skew sandwich composite plate is investigated numerically with the help of finite element method. The skew sandwich plate model is developed using higher-order shear deformable theory to avoid shear correction factor. The convergence and the validity of the model have been checked by solving different kinds of example available in published literature. From the comparison study, it can be easily understood that the presently proposed model is capable of solving the skew sandwich structures with adequate accuracy including the geometrical complexities. Subsequently, the model is extended to examine the effects of the various geometrical parameters such as thickness ratio, skew angle, lamination scheme and support condition on the vibration responses of the skew sandwich composite plate.
Comparative lightcraft impulse measurements

The impulse coupling coefficients of two radically different laser propulsion thruster concepts (lightcrafts), each 10 cm in diameter, have been measured under equal conditions using two different pendulum test stands. One test stand and one lightcraft of toroidal shape were provided by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. The other test stand and a bell shaped (i.e. a paraboloid) lightcraft were those of the German Aerospace Center (DLR). All experiments employed the DLR electron-beam sustained, pulsed CO2 laser with pulse energies up to 400 J. The laser was operated with two configurations: 1) a stable resonator (flat beam profile); and, 2) an unstable resonator (ring shaped beam profile). A first series of experiments was carried out in the open laboratory environment. Propellant, therefore, was either the surrounding air alone, or Delrin as an added solid propellant. The coupling coefficient was determined as a function of the laser pulse energy. In a second series, the same experiments were repeated at various reduced pressure levels with the German lightcraft suspended in a vacuum vessel. This simulates the conditions of a transitional flight from within the atmosphere to outer space. As an additional parameter the specific mass consumption of Delrin (gram/Joule) was measured for each parameter set, allowing the determination of the average exhaust velocity in vacuum.
Approximate Kernel Clustering

In the kernel clustering problem we are given a large ntimesn positive semi-definite matrix A=(a<sub>ij</sub>) with Sigma<sub>i,j</sub> <sup>n</sup>=1 a<sub>ij</sub>=0 and a small ktimesk positivesemi-definite matrix B=b<sub>ij</sub>. The goal is to find a partition S<sub>1</sub>,. S<sub>k</sub> of {1,. n} which maximizes the quantity Sigma<sub>i,j=1</sub> <sup>k</sup>(Sigma<sub>(i,j)isinS</sub> <sub>i</sub> <sub>timesS</sub> <sub>j</sub>). We study the computational complexity of this generic clustering problem which originates in the theory of machine learning. We design a constant factor polynomial time approximation algorithm forthis problem, answering a question posed by Song, Smola, Gretton and Borgwardt. In some cases we manage to compute the sharp approximation threshold for this problem assuming the unique games conjecture (UGC). In particular, when B is the 3times3 identity matrix the UGC hardness threshold of this problem is exactly 16pi/27. We present and study a geometricconjecture of independent interest which we show would imply thatthe UGC threshold when B is the ktimesk identity matrix is 8pi/9(1-1/k) for every kges3.
An international evaluation of CODOX-M and CODOX-M alternating with IVAC in adult Burkitt's lymphoma: results of United Kingdom Lymphoma Group LY06 study.

BACKGROUND Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a rare and rapidly progressive form of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, high-dose methotrexate (CODOX-M)/ifosfamide, etoposide and high-dose cytarabine (IVAC) is a highly effective alternating non-cross-resistant regimen developed by Magrath et al. (Magrath I., Adde M., Shad A. et al. J Clin Oncol 1996; 14: 925-934) at the US National Cancer Institute. The aim was to confirm these results in a larger, international, multi-centre study using International Prognostic Index-based criteria to assign prognostic groups, whilst slightly simplifying the protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS A phase II study where: (i) low risk (LR) patients were treated with three cycles of modified CODOX-M; and (ii) high risk (HR) patients received treatment with four cycles of alternating modified CODOX-M and IVAC chemotherapy. Target of 60 patients, fit for protocol treatment, from 16 to 60 years of age with locally diagnosed, non-HIV-related, non-organ-transplant-related BL. RESULTS Results are given for 52 of 72 registered patients whose pathological eligibility was confirmed by central pathology review: 12 LR plus 40 HR. The majority of patients (n = 41) completed protocol treatment, but toxicity was severe, especially myelosuppression and mucositis. Overall, 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was 64.6% (95% CI 50.4% to 78.9%) and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 72.8% (95% CI 59.4% to 86.3%). For LR, 2-year EFS was 83.3% and OS was 81.5%. For HR, 2-year EFS was 59.5% and OS was 69.9%. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms high cure rates with this CODOX-M/IVAC approach.
Ontology mapping specification in description logics for cooperative systems

Le developpement rapide du Web semantique est lie a la specification de plus en plus d'ontologies. Celles-ci permettent de modeliser des connaissances agreees par des communautes de personnes concernant des domaines ou des tâches specifiques. Le meme domaine decrit par deux communautes distinctes sera modelise de facon differente. Les systemes cooperatifs visent a rendre les informations provenant de differentes sources disponibles au-dela de leurs divergences. Pour cela, ils doivent aligner, fusionner ou integrer ces ontologies. La decouverte de mappings est un point cle dans la resolution efficace des heterogeneites entre ontologies. Nous developpons une architecture qui connecte des systemes d'information via des ontologies, avec comme objectif la resolution de requetes complexes. Le but de notre article est de decrire les grandes lignes de cette architecture, apres avoir presente la methodologie utilisee pour mettre en correspondance les diverses ontologies rencontrees. The rapid development of the semantic Web is associated with the specification of various ontologies which formally represent agreements of communities of people on specific domains or tasks. The same knowledge formalized by different people leads to heterogeneous representations. Cooperative systems, which aim to make knowledge from various sources available in spite of their heterogeneities, need to align, merge or integrate the ontologies used to model the information sources. Furthermore, the resolution of differences among ontologies is necessary to process queries or use web services in distributed heterogeneous environments. Mapping discovery is a key issue to allow efficient resolution of heterogeneity. We develop an architecture for mapping different systems associated with ontologies. In this paper we present the key components and the underlying concepts of a framework and approach for comparing and matching different ontologies. Keywords : Mappings, ontologies, web semantique, calcul de similarite estimation\' Mappings, ontology, semantic web, similarity estimation. Journal des Sciences Pour l\'Ingenieur. Vol. 7 2006: pp. 64-71
A Prediction Method of the Behavior of Adhesively Bonded Structures under Cyclic Shear Loading Based on a Characterization of the Viscous Aspects of the Adhesive in an Assembly

The capabilities of structural bonding are more and more used. Estimating the abilities of an adhesive to endure repetitive loadings and to keep stable its mechanical properties along service life is an essential point to analyze in order to conduct fatigue assessments. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive tool for describing the fatigue behavior of an adhesive in an assembly under cyclic loadings. The approach developed analyzes the influence of viscosity on the mechanical behavior of an adhesive in an assembly based on monotonic and creep test results. Thanks to the evaluation of viscous phenomena, it is possible to predict the cyclic response of the adhesive. The experimental approach uses a unique bonded joint designed to limit the stress concentrations and with a maximum stress state in the center of the adhesive. In this paper, following the strategy developed under monotonic loading, experimental results under cyclic loading are presented for different types of loading using several load ratios and amplitudes. These results underline that the evolution of viscous deformations depends on the loading type. Under shear loading and for a ductile structural adhesive, the experimental results are well described using a viscoelastic–viscoplastic constitutive model with nonlinear viscous parameters. This model makes it possible to analyze the influence of different parameters on the mechanical response of bonded joints under cyclic shear loadings.
Large-scale text categorization by batch mode active learning

Large-scale text categorization is an important research topic for Web data mining. One of the challenges in large-scale text categorization is how to reduce the human efforts in labeling text documents for building reliable classification models. In the past, there have been many studies on applying active learning methods to automatic text categorization, which try to select the most informative documents for labeling manually. Most of these studies focused on selecting a single unlabeled document in each iteration. As a result, the text categorization model has to be retrained after each labeled document is solicited. In this paper, we present a novel active learning algorithm that selects a batch of text documents for labeling manually in each iteration. The key of the batch mode active learning is how to reduce the redundancy among the selected examples such that each example provides unique information for model updating. To this end, we use the Fisher information matrix as the measurement of model uncertainty and choose the set of documents to effectively maximize the Fisher information of a classification model. Extensive experiments with three different datasets have shown that our algorithm is more effective than the state-of-the-art active learning techniques for text categorization and can be a promising tool toward large-scale text categorization for World Wide Web documents.
Minimizing photooxidation in dairy products by tailor made light barrier properties in packaging materials

The effect of different colored filters and atmospheres on photooxidation and quality in milk was studied. Pasteurized bovine milk (3.9% fat) was packed in 2 different atmospheres (air and N2) and exposed to light for 20 h at 4°C under 8 transparent filters with different light transmission properties. The following transparent, noncolored, and colored filters based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were used: noncolored (PET), noncolored with 2 different UV-block regions, yellow, green, amber, orange, and red. Control samples were stored in darkness and in a carton. Sensory evaluation showed off flavors significantly increased in milk stored under all filters compared with the control samples. Variation in atmosphere resulted in significant differences in formation of rancid flavor in milk stored under different filters. Milk samples stored in N2 underwent the most sensory deterioration under orange and red filters, whereas milk samples stored in air were most deteriorated under noncolored filters. According to the oxidation compounds measured by gas chromatography, milk samples stored under noncolored and orange filters were highly oxidized, whereas red, green, and amber filters offered better protection against photooxidation. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to examine the degradation of photosensitizers (riboflavin, protoporphyrin, and chlorophyllic compounds) in the milk samples. Degradation of protoporphyrin and chlorophyllic compounds in N2 correlated well with sensory properties related to photooxidation (R = 0.75–0.95). The study indicates that protoporphyrin and chlorophyllic compounds were effective photosensitizers in milk. To avoid photooxidation in milk, it is therefore important to protect it against light from the UV spectrum as well as light from the entire visible region.
Heterogeneity in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Syndromes and Expansion Mechanism of a PNH Clone

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematologic disorder that is manifested by complement-mediated hemolysis, venous thrombosis, and bone marrow failure and is one disorder of acquired bone marrow failure syndromes that include as aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Nowadays, acquired PNH should be understood as one of the disorders of PNH syndromes. These syndromes include congenital PNH (such as inherited complete CD59 deficiency and PNH with PIG-M mutations), because complement-mediated hemolysis and thrombosis are observed in association with defects of various factors associated with the complement regulatory pathway, including biosynthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. At present, how a “true” PNH clone in acquired PNH expands in the bone marrow remains unclear. Although several candidate genes, including the Wilms tumor gene, the early growth response gene, antiapoptotic genes, and the high mobility group AT-hook 2 gene, that target corresponding proteins (excluding GPI-related proteins) have been reported, the evidence is insufficient to completely explain the diversity of the clinical and basic pathophysiology in acquired PNH. However, the hypothesis of expansion of a PNH clone due to the WT1 gene may explain various features of PNH.
Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Biologically derived polyesters known as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a potentially “sustainable” replacement to fossil‐fuel‐based thermoplastics. However, current commercial practices that produce PHA with pure microbial cultures grown on renewable, but refined, feedstocks (i.e., glucose) under sterile conditions do not represent a sustainable commodity. Here, we report on PHA production with a mixed microbial consortium indigenous to an activated sludge process on carbon present in municipal wastewaters. Reactors operated under anaerobic/aerobic and aerobic‐only mode and fed primary solids fermenter liquor maintained a mixed microbial consortium capable of synthesizing PHA at 10 to 25% (w/w), while reducing soluble COD by approximately 62 to 71%. More critically, an aerobic batch reactor seeded from the anaerobic/aerobic reactor and fed fermenter liquor achieved approximately 53% PHA (w/w). Results presented suggest that environmentally benign production of biodegradable polymers is feasible. We further used PHA‐rich biomass to produce a natural fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composite that can be used to offset advanced wastewater treatment costs.