Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The case of the missing girls: distribution of gender roles in Indian children’s television programming

Abstract Children’s programming is booming in India with children having increased access to television. Given that television is a powerful socializing agent, this study seeks to identify how gender is being represented in it using content analysis. The gender and role of 826 major characters across 89 programmes, which were telecast on 11 channels during the evenings, was analysed. The results show that 91.01% of all the programmes were animated. There was a gender bias in the programme titles, as the majority contained only male or gender-neutral names. Males (74.94%) outnumber females (25.06%) across all channels, irrespective of their target audience. More males than females were cast in all the character roles except in the role of the protagonist’s family member, where both genders were cast equally. The underrepresentation of females in some character roles also veered towards 100% on certain channels. Overall, most programmes seem oriented towards boys than girls.
Work Engagement – A Systematic Review of Polish Research

Over the past decade work engagement has gained both business and academia attention. With growing number of studies and meta-analyses the concept of work engagement is one of the pillars of positive work and organizational psychology. This systematic review presents the current state of research on work engagement in Poland. Results confirmed that work-engagement studies have not yet reached the threshold to conduct meta-analysis. The review of measurement methods and synthesis of findings allows to identify strengths and gaps in Polish studies. Discussion of limitations and biases in current research is accompanied with urge to overcome them and develop thriving stream of research on work engagement.
Theoretical Model for Mesoscopic-Level Scale-Free Self-Organization of Functional Brain Networks

In this paper, we provide theoretical and numerical analysis of a geometric activity flow network model which is aimed at explaining mathematically the scale-free functional graph self-organization phenomena emerging in complex nervous systems at a mesoscale level. In our model, each unit corresponds to a large number of neurons and may be roughly seen as abstracting the functional behavior exhibited by a single voxel under functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In the course of the dynamics, the units exchange portions of formal charge, which correspond to waves of activity in the underlying microscale neuronal circuit. The geometric model abstracts away the neuronal complexity and is mathematically tractable, which allows us to establish explicit results on its ground states and the resulting charge transfer graph modeling functional graph of the network. We show that, for a wide choice of parameters and geometrical setups, our model yields a scale-free functional connectivity with the exponent approaching 2, which is in agreement with previous empirical studies based on fMRI. The level of universality of the presented theory allows us to claim that the model does shed light on mesoscale functional self-organization phenomena of the nervous system, even without resorting to closer details of brain connectivity geometry which often remain unknown. The material presented here significantly extends our previous work where a simplified mean-field model in a similar spirit was constructed, ignoring the underlying network geometry.
PENGARUH PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN PERILAKU KEWARGAORGANISASIAN PADA KARYAWAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh PsyCap terhadap komitmen organisasi dan perilaku kewargaorganisasian pada karyawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner, yang terdiri dari skala perilaku kewargaorganisasian, skala komitmen organisasi, dan skala PsyCap. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan subjek berjumlah 150 karyawan dengan karakteristik telah bekerja selama minimal 1 tahun. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi ganda. Hasil analisis menunju k kkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh PsyCap secara keseluruhan terhadap perilaku kewargaorganisasian dengan nilai R-square sebesar 0,367 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa PsyCap secara keseluruhan memiliki pengaruh sebesar 36,7% terhadap perilaku kewargaorganisasian, sedangkan sisanya 63,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lainnya. Sedangkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh PsyCap secara bersama-sama terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan nilai R-square sebesar 0,107 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa PsyCap secara keseluruhan memiliki pengaruh sebesar 10,7% terhadap komitmen organisasi, sedangkan sisanya 89,3% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lainnya. Kata Kunci : Karyawan , Komitmen Organisasi , Perilaku Kewargaorganisasian , Psychological Capital
Spontaneous emotional coordination of first-born dizygotic twins and singletons with their mothers in early infancy

Abstract We compare matching of facial expressions of emotion, completion of the positive valence of emotional expression, attunement of emotional intensity, and non-matching of emotion, in engagements with their mothers of firstborn dizygotic twins and of singletons. Nine twins and nine singletons were video-recorded at home in spontaneous face-to-face interactions from the second to the sixth month after birth. Microanalysis of infant and maternal facial expressions of emotion revealed qualitative and quantitative differences that indicate that engagements with twins had more frequent and more accurate emotional matching and attunements compared to those with singletons. Singletons displayed more emotional completion and non-matching reactions. Expressions of matching for pleasure and interest followed different developmental patterns in the two kinds of dyads. These results are discussed in relation to the theory of innate affective intersubjectivity. Differences may shed light on the relationship between sharing early life with a twin, and development of self-other awareness.
Comparison of Endoscopic Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Pancreas Cystic Lesions

AbstractConsensus regarding which modality is optimal for the measurement of pancreas cystic lesions (PCLs) was not achieved although cyst size is important for clinical decisions. This study aimed to evaluate the properties of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) compared with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in measuring the size of PCL.A total of 34 patients who underwent all 3 imaging modalities within 3 months before surgery were evaluated retrospectively. The size measured by each modality was compared with the pathologic size as a reference standard using Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The mean size difference was 1.76 mm (ICC 0.86), 7.35 mm (ICC 0.95), and 8.65 mm (ICC 0.93) in EUS, CT, and MRI. EUS had the widest range of 95% limits of agreement (LOA) (−17.54 to +21.07), compared with CT (−6.21 to +20.91), and MRI (−6.82 to +24.12). The size by EUS tended to be read smaller in tail portion, while those by CT and MRI did not. When the size was more than 4 cm, the size on EUS was estimated to be smaller than on pathology (r = 0.492; P = 0.003). Although 3 modalities showed very good reliability for the size measurement on PCL compared with corresponding pathologic size, EUS had the lowest level of agreement, while CT showed the highest level among the 3 modalities. Therefore, the size estimated by EUS has to be interpreted with caution, especially when it is located in tail and relevantly large.
Oh my gosh, I got to get out of this place! A qualitative study of vicarious embarrassment in service encounters

1HMKWBerlin, University of Applied Sciences 2University of Siegen 3Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Correspondence SaschaSteinmann,University of Siegen,Unteres Schloß3, 57072Siegen,Germany. Email: steinmann@marketing.uni-siegen.de Abstract Vicarious embarrassment is a negative emotion, which is experienced by an individual when others misbehave. People can feel vicariously embarrassed when observing other people's pratfalls or awkward appearance. For instance, vicarious embarrassment is elicited when watching reality TV or in service encounters where many other customers are present. However, the relevance of vicarious embarrassment in physical service environments has not yet been thoroughly analyzed in the context of service encounters. The objective of the present study is to close this research gap and to introduce the phenomenon of vicarious embarrassment to service research. The findings of 25 in-depth interviews indicate that vicariously embarrassing incidents mostly occur in service encounters and that these incidents are triggered by the violation of social norms in both customer-to-customer and customer-to-employee interactions. The authors of the present paper identified closeness of relationship, the service context, and parties involved as important situational variables influencing vicarious embarrassment and further emotional, cognitive, and behavioral consequences for the observing person. From a managerial point of view, the relevance of vicarious embarrassment in physical service environments is caused by negative spillover effects of the service experience, which lead to decreasing customer satisfaction, negative word-ofmouth and purchase intentions, and a negative impact on the overall image of the service provider.
Effects of Age and Motor Training on Prefrontal-motor Cortical Excitability

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a critical substrate for motor learning. However, the role of the DLPFC in goal-directed, sequence-specific learning remains unclear, and the effects of age on motor learning and DLPFC-to-primary motor cortex (M1) connections have not been tested. We studied 14 right-handed healthy subjects, ranging from 20-80 years old, in a combined TMS-pinch grip experiment. The goals were to examine DLPFC-M1 connections in human subjects and how they change with motor training, whether sequence training changes M1 intracortical and DLPFC-M1 neurophysiology differently than motor training not containing a sequence, and whether age influences the TMS neurophysiological measures. All subjects were unable to regenerate the sequence, and behavioural/TMS measures suggest that they implicitly acquired the sequence. Sequence acquisition correlated with DLPFC-M1 facilitation. The results suggest that the brain processes sequence information differently compared to non-specific information during motor training. The DLPFC may play a role in processing sequence-specific information through an excitatory functional connection to M1 during acquisition.
Entrepreneurial financing relationships: how does gender matter?

Purpose Financing is cited as the major obstacle for entrepreneurs. However, data limitations have prevented study of entrepreneurs’ own impact on their financing relationships. Gender-based studies have concerned lender constraints and discriminatory outcomes. Others which are generally examined are borrowers’ fear of denial and non-pursuit of credit. To more fully explain the financing obstacle, the purpose of this study is to uniquely examine entrepreneurial borrowers’ evaluation of and actions in their existing financing relationship. This study also captures those businesses with equal ownership gender concentration, to contribute to a deeper understanding of gender impact. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cross-sectional sample of several thousand US small enterprises from the NFIB’s proprietary credit survey. The data set offers links between owners’ perceptions and financing behavior. Robust univariate analysis examines differences across gender ownership groups. Multivariate regression analyzes how gender, business environment and other factors determine the entrepreneurs’ financing relationships. Findings This study highlights how entrepreneurs affect their own financing outcomes. Findings suggest that switching lenders, seeking multiple relationships and other actions determine financing satisfaction. Growth intent, business performance and characteristics of the entrepreneur are among significant posited factors influencing perception and behavior of entrepreneurs in their financing relationships that drive business performance. Furthermore, equal ownership concentration firms appear to be similar to those primarily owned by men. This study indicates that researchers need to further delineate among entrepreneurs. The results of this study also have implications for policy-makers in their assessment of gender discrimination and government entrepreneurial financing initiatives. Originality/value Financing is cited as the major obstacle for entrepreneurs. However, data limitations have prevented study of entrepreneurs’ own impact on their financing relationships. Gender-based studies have concerned lender constraints and discriminatory outcomes. Others which are generally examined are borrowers’ fear of denial and non-pursuit of credit. To more fully explain the financing obstacle, this study uniquely examines entrepreneurial borrowers’ evaluation of and actions in their existing financing relationship. This study also captures those businesses with equal ownership gender concentration, to contribute to a deeper understanding of gender impact.
SPECTRA: An Integrated Knowledge Base for Comparing Tissue and Tumor-Specific PPI Networks in Human

Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks available in public repositories usually represent relationships between proteins within the cell. They ignore the specific set of tissues or tumors where the interactions take place. Indeed, proteins can form tissue-selective complexes, while they remain inactive in other tissues. For these reasons, a great attention has been recently paid to tissue-specific PPI networks, in which nodes are proteins of the global PPI network whose corresponding genes are preferentially expressed in specific tissues. In this paper, we present SPECTRA, a knowledge base to build and compare tissue or tumor-specific PPI networks. SPECTRA integrates gene expression and protein interaction data from the most authoritative online repositories. We also provide tools for visualizing and comparing such networks, in order to identify the expression and interaction changes of proteins across tissues, or between the normal and pathological states of the same tissue. SPECTRA is available as a web server at http://alpha.dmi. unict.it/spectra.
NMDA Receptor Activity In Utero Averts Respiratory Depression and Anomalous Long-Term Depression in Newborn Mice

Mutant mice lacking NMDA receptor 1 subunit (NR1) showed marked depression of respiratory and suckling activities in vivo and overexpression of synaptic long-term depression (LTD) in a brainstem cardiorespiratory-related region (nucleus tractus solitarius) in vitro. Pharmacological blockade of NMDA receptors in normal newborn mice mimicked the depression in suckling activity but not respiratory depression in vivo or brainstem LTD in vitro. Results at the behavioral and cellular levels demonstrate that NMDA receptor deficiency during prenatal development may unleash an anomalous form of NMDA receptor-independent LTD along with life-threatening respiratory depression consequences in the newborn. These findings raise the specter of cardiorespiratory dysregulation with increased risks of morbidity and mortality in the infant as a result of premature births or genetic or drug-induced NMDA receptor antagonism during pregnancy.
Inhibition of Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma Tumorigenesis and Progression by microRNA 106b Mediated through the RhoC Pathway

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal of the gynecological malignancies. Exploring the molecular mechanisms and major factors of invasion and metastasis could have great significance for the treatment and prognosis of EOC. Studies have demonstrated that microRNA 106b (miR-106b) may be a promising therapeutic target for inhibiting breast cancer bone metastasis, but the role of miR-106b in EOC is largely unknown. In this work, miRNA-106b expression was quantified in various ovarian tissues and tumors. Ovarian carcinoma cell lines were transfected with miR-106b, after which, cell phenotype and expression of relevant molecules was assayed. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and xenograft mouse models were also used to investigate miR-106b and its target gene. MiR-106b mRNA expression was found to be significantly higher in normal ovarian tissues and benign tumors than in ovarian carcinomas and borderline tumors (p < 0.01), and was negatively associated with differentiation (Well vs. Por & Mod) and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging (stage I/II vs. stage III/IV) in ovarian carcinoma (p < 0.05). MiR-106b transfection reduced cell proliferation; promoted G1 or S arrest and apoptosis (p < 0.05); suppressed cell migration and invasion (p < 0.05); reduced Ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC), P70 ribosomal S6 kinase (P70S6K), Bcl-xL, Matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), MMP9 mRNA and protein expression; and induced p53 expression (p < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR-106b directly targets RhoC by binding its 3’UTR. MiR-106b transfection also suppressed tumor development and RhoC expression in vivo in xenograft mouse models. This is the first demonstration that miR-106b may inhibit tumorigenesis and progression of EOC by targeting RhoC. The involvement of miR-106b-mediated RhoC downregulation in EOC aggression may give extended insights into molecular mechanisms underlying cancer aggression. Approaches aimed at overexpressing miR-106b may serve as promising therapeutic strategies for treating EOC patients.
Funnel wall jets and the nature of the soft X-ray excess

The smooth soft X-ray excess seen in many type 1 active galactic nuclei can be well described by models of absorption in partially ionized material with a large velocity dispersion, often physically interpreted as a radiatively driven accretion disc wind. However, the state-of-the-art xscort code, which calculates the photoionized radiative transfer through a differentially outflowing absorber, shows that terminal velocities of the order of ∼0.9c are required in order to reproduce the soft X-ray excess. Such a high outflow velocity rules out ultraviolet line driving, continuum radiation driving and thermal driving as mechanisms for producing the wind. Entrainment of material by the magnetically driven jet is the only plausible origin of such a high-velocity flow, but numerical simulations of jets and associated outflows do not currently show sufficient material at high enough velocities to reproduce the soft X-ray excess. If the soft excess is produced by absorption then it seems more likely that the material is clumpy and/or only partially covers the source rather than forming a continuous outflow.
Routes and determinants of leaving home: the city of Gothenburg, 1915–1943

Abstract This paper deals with the home-leaving of young adults in Gothenburg, Sweden, in the period 1915–1943. We used individual-level panel data from population registers and poll-tax records, taking a competing risk design for the analysis of the determinants of leaving home to marry, or for non-familial living. We found a transitional, marriage-driven pattern of leaving home that neither fits the old context of life cycle service, nor the alternative modern routes out of the parental home into unmarried householdship. Young adults typically stayed at home until they married, although some moved out to temporary non-familial living first. Non-familial living consisted mainly of lodging in another household, but working outside it, which in a way was a forerunner of the modern pattern, in sharp contrast with the remnant of preindustrial times: the flow from rural areas into Gothenburg of teenage women immigrants to become residential domestic servants. Interestingly, we found that the main determinants of home-leaving in studies of modern-day populations were equally important in the population of Gothenburg in 1915–1943. For both young men and young women, having their own resources (employment, earnings) was positively associated with the likelihood of leaving the parental home. We also found clear gender differences. A higher level of human capital of the father was associated with later home-leaving to marry for sons, and earlier leaving for non-familial living for daughters. Lower levels of household income, or the presence of minor siblings or a widowed parent were push factors for non-familial living for daughters. We found no similar push factors for sons.
Is lumosity an effective brain training program?: a meta-analysis of the existing research

Working memory allows individuals to temporarily hold and manipulate information in their mind to complete tasks. It is a critical aspect of an individuals cognitive functioning as it impacts their ability to reason, solve problems, carry out multi-step directions, and perform academic task. Research has recently shown promising results for increasing working memory and other cognitive skills with computerized brain training. Lumosity is a computerized brain-training program that claimed to improve different aspects of cognitive functioning including working memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed. It also claimed that individuals with specific health conditions could benefit from training with the program. Research examining the efficacy of the program has produced limited and inconsistent results. Lumos Labs, the parent company of Lumosity, was sued for making unsubstantiated claims about the program’s effectiveness and benefits. The current study utilized a meta-analytical approach to examine 4 published, peer-reviewed articles that analyzed the effects of Lumosity on working memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a small effect on attention. There was no significant impact on working memory. A meta-analysis could not be conducted on cognitive flexibility and processing speed as there was only one study that examined each of these constructs.
Sarcopenia Does Not Affect Survival or Outcomes in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma

Background and Objective. Sarcopenia is associated with decreased survival and increased complications in carcinoma patients. We hypothesized that sarcopenic soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients would have decreased survival, increased incidence of wound complications, and increased length of postresection hospital stay (LOS). Methods. A retrospective, single-center review of 137 patients treated surgically for STS was conducted. Sarcopenia was assessed by measuring the cross-sectional area of bilateral psoas muscles (total psoas muscle area, TPA) at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae on a pretreatment axial computed tomography scan. TPA was then adjusted for height (cm2/m2). The association between height-adjusted TPA and survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazard model. A logistical model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and wound complications. A linear model was used to assess the association between height-adjusted TPA and LOS. Results. Height-adjusted TPA was not an independent predictor of overall survival (p = 0.746). Patient age (p = 0.02) and tumor size (p = 0.009) and grade (p = 0.001) were independent predictors of overall survival. Height-adjusted TPA was not a predictor of increased hospital LOS (p = 0.66), greater incidence of postoperative infection (p = 0.56), or other wound complications (p = 0.14). Conclusions. Sarcopenia does not appear to impact overall survival, LOS, or wound complications in patients with STS.