Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Factors Associated with Dengue Shock Syndrome and Mortality in Hospitalized Dengue Patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Understanding trends in dengue disease burden and risk factors for severe disease can inform health service allocation, clinical management, and planning for vaccines and therapeutics. Dengue admissions at three tertiary hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, increased between 1996 and 2009, peaking at 22,860 in 2008. Children aged 6–10 years had highest risk of dengue shock syndrome (DSS); however, mortality was highest in younger children and decreased with increasing age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.36–0.75 in 6- to 10- year-old children and OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.16–0.44 in 11- to 15-year-old children compared with 1- to 5-year-old children). Males were overrepresented among dengue cases; however, girls had higher risk of DSS (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.14–1.24) and death (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.14–2.17). Young children with dengue had greatest risk of death and should be targeted in dengue vaccine and drug trials. The increased risk of severe outcomes in girls warrants further attention in studies of pathogenesis, health-seeking behavior, and clinical care.
Epstein-Barr virus exploits intrinsic B-lymphocyte transcription programs to achieve immortal cell growth

Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) regulation of transcription through the cell transcription factor RBPJ is essential for resting B-lymphocyte (RBL) conversion to immortal lymphoblast cell lines (LCLs). ChIP-seq of EBNA2 and RBPJ sites in LCL DNA found EBNA2 at 5,151 and RBPJ at 10,529 sites. EBNA2 sites were enriched for RBPJ (78%), early B-cell factor (EBF, 39%), RUNX (43%), ETS (39%), NFκB (22%), and PU.1 (22%) motifs. These motif associations were confirmed by LCL RBPJ ChIP-seq finding 72% RBPJ occupancy and Encyclopedia Of DNA Elements LCL ChIP-seq finding EBF, NFκB RELA, and PU.1 at 54%, 31%, and 17% of EBNA2 sites. EBNA2 and RBPJ were predominantly at intergene and intron sites and only 14% at promoter sites. K-means clustering of EBNA2 site transcription factors identified RELA-ETS, EBF-RUNX, EBF, ETS, RBPJ, and repressive RUNX clusters, which ranked from highest to lowest in H3K4me1 signals and nucleosome depletion, indicative of active chromatin. Surprisingly, although quantitatively less, the same genome sites in RBLs exhibited similar high-level H3K4me1 signals and nucleosome depletion. The EBV genome also had an LMP1 promoter EBF site, which proved critical for EBNA2 activation. LCL HiC data mapped intergenic EBNA2 sites to EBNA2 up-regulated genes. FISH and chromatin conformation capture linked EBNA2/RBPJ enhancers 428 kb 5′ of MYC to MYC. These data indicate that EBNA2 evolved to target RBL H3K4me1 modified, nucleosome-depleted, nonpromoter sites to drive B-lymphocyte proliferation in primary human infection. The primed RBL program likely supports antigen-induced proliferation.
Physics teachers' conceptions of learning, teaching and professional development

In this paper the question is addressed as to whether physics teachers' conceptions of teaching are related to their conceptions of their own learning. Both a questionnaire and interviews were used in order to investigate physics teachers' conceptions of teaching and learning concerning goals and approaches in teaching and teachers own professional development. Goals involved include structuralist, realistic and personal development goals of teaching physics, structuralist and realistic goals in physics learning and growth as a teacher. Approaches investigated in this study are physics teaching as facilitating active knowledge construction of students, physics learning as active construction of knowledge and an internal orientation in the development of self as a teacher. Moreover, whether teachers' conceptions of goals and approaches in teaching and learning are related to teacher characteristics was investigated. The expectation that the ways in which teachers want to teach and their goals in teaching a.
Prevalence and characteristics of non-syndromic hypodontia among Turkish orthodontic patient population

Background: Hypodontia is often used as a collective term for congenital absence of primary or secondary teeth, although specifically it describes the absence of one to six teeth excluding third molars. The prevalence of hypodontia varies from 0.03 to 10.1% in various populations. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of Turkish orthodontic patients treated between 1994 and 2003. A total of 1236 orthodontic patients (507 girls, 729 boys) were included in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 20 years. Data were collected and entered into the SPSS 20 program for statistical analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the distribution of hypodontia, sex, and malocclusion type. Results: In the total sample of 1236 patients who were orthodontically treated, hypodontia was found in 82 children, including 45 girls and 37 boys. The prevalence of hypodontia was 7%. Patients with more severe hypodontia showed a tendency to exhibit a class II relationship. The mandibular second premolar were the most commonly missing teeth in 48 girls and 26 boys. Conclusion: Hypodontia may lead to some clinical problems including malocclusions, esthetic and functional complaints, and also psychological problems. All cases should be evaluated by an interdisciplinary approach for appropriate treatment choice. Our data emphasize the importance of detailed and careful radiographic examination. This helps in long-term and effective treatment planning according to a child′s individual requirements.
Creative Life Cycles in Literature: Poets Versus Novelists or Conceptualists Versus Experimentalists?

The economist Galenson (2005) proposed a theory of creative life cycles that distinguishes between early-peaking conceptual creators (finders) and late-peaking experimental creators (seekers). This contrast is claimed to invalidate previous research findings that poets tend to peak earlier than novelists. However, a multiple regression analysis of his published data on 23 creative writers shows that the poetry-novel genre contrast makes a contribution to the prediction of the career trajectory that is orthogonal to the conceptual-experimental contrast. The result is a fourfold typology of creative life cycles: conceptual poets, conceptual novelists, experimental poets, and experimental novelists who do their best work at ages 28, 34, 38, and 44, respectively. The article closes with a discussion of additional empirical and theoretical issues.
Effect of resistive loads on pattern of respiratory muscle recruitment during exercise.

In healthy subjects, we compared the effects of an expiratory (ERL) and an inspiratory (IRL) resistive load (6 cmH2O.l-1.s) with no added resistive load on the pattern of respiratory muscle recruitment during exercise. Fifteen male subjects performed three exercise tests at 40% of maximum O2 uptake: 1) with no-added-resistive load (control), 2) with ERL, and 3) with IRL. In all subjects, we measured breathing pattern and mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) from the 3rd min of exercise, in 10 subjects O2 uptake (VO2), CO2 output (VCO2), and respiratory exchange ratio (R), and in 5 subjects we measured gastric (Pga), pleural (Ppl), and transdiaphragmatic (Pdi) pressures. Both ERL and IRL induced a high increase of P0.1 and a decrease of minute ventilation. ERL induced a prolongation of expiratory time with a reduction of inspiratory time (TI), mean expiratory flow, and ratio of inspiratory to total time of the respiratory cycle (TI/TT). IRL induced a prolongation of TI with a decrease of mean inspiratory flow and an increase of tidal volume and TI/TT. With ERL, in two subjects, Pga increased and Ppl decreased more during inspiration than during control suggesting that the diaphragm was the most active muscle. In one subject, the increases of Ppl and Pga were weak; thus Pdi increased very little. In the two other subjects, Ppl decreased more during inspiration but Pga also decreased, leading to a decrease of Pdi. This suggests a recruitment of abdominal muscles during expiration and of accessory and intercostal muscles during inspiration. With IRL, in all subjects, Ppl again decreased more, Pga began to decrease until 40% of TI and then increased. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Colonial counterparts: the first academic women in Anglo-Canada, New Aealand and Australia

Abstract During the early years of the twentieth century, women first gained permanent academic positions in most universities across the Western world. This article considers the first academic women in Anglo-Canada, New Zealand and Australia as colonial counterparts. It argues that these women's experiences were shaped by a colonial setting that was infused with powerful gender-, race- and class-specific codes concerning knowledge and the institution of the university. The first academic women were simultaneously situated as ‘insiders’, as supporters of the institutions in which they worked, and as ‘outsiders’ because of their sex and the patriarchal attitudes of the time. In recovering some of their lives and experiences, it is shown how such a positioning shaped the careers of academic women, as well as how these women attempted to subvert and change their place within the university. As a group, the first academic women in Anglo-Canada, New Zealand and Australia were much more concerned with advancing the place of women in higher education than they were with critiquing the colonial knowledges that were a part of their various institutions.
A successful medium for maintaining earthworms

Several different culture media were tested for their effect on weight and viability of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris). A medium containing pulverized newspaper, pelletted rabbit food, walnut meal, peanut oil, topsoil and coffee grounds supported life and growth for 62 weeks, and improved the condition of degenerated worms.
Five Perspectives on the Leadership–Management Relationship

How management and leadership are best conceptualized with respect to each other has been a frequent topic of debate. Five distinct perspectives are identified in the literature, including bipolar, unidimensional, bidimensional, hierarchical—management within leadership, and hierarchical—leadership within management. We assessed the viability of these perspectives by having Academy of Management and Society for Industrial/Organizational Psychology experts (N = 43) map a comprehensive set of 63 managerial and leadership competencies, as a “common language,” onto defined and undefined management and leadership dimensions. Results reveal interpretable patterns of uniqueness and overlap, suggesting a hybrid co-dimensional/bidimensional configuration. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in light of the precedence of “what” over “how” in developing leadership and management theory.
The Influence of Gender Role Attitudes on Perceptions of Women's Work Performance and the Importance of Fair Pay

Gender role attitudes and their influence on perceptions of male and female work performance are important aspects understanding workplace gender inequality. Reskin (2000) suggests researchers must look to non-conscious causes in order to understand and alleviate gender inequality in the workplace. Also critical to understanding workplace gender inequality is the differential importance placed on being paid fairly. Using a survey sample of 525 traditional undergraduate students from a public university in the middle south of the United States consisting of approximately one-third African Americans and two-thirds whites, race and sex differences are examined. The more liberal the respondent in terms of gender roles, the less they perceived performance inferiority of females. Excluding white males, those more liberal on gender roles perceived fair pay as more important. Gender differences are stronger among whites. Implications for the gender inequities at work are discussed.
Water Quality in Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands: Basin-wide Patterns and Responses to an Anthropogenic Disturbance Gradient

ABSTRACT We present water quality data from 58 coastal wetlands, sampled as part of a larger effort investigating effects of nutrient enrichment and habitat disruption in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Our sampling design selected sites from across a gradient of agricultural intensity within combinations of biogeographic ecoprovince and wetland hydromorphic type and captured a large range in water quality. Levels of total nutrients (N and P), and various measures of particulate concentration, water clarity, and ionic strength were strongly associated with agricultural intensity in the watershed, and could be effectively aggregated into an overall principal component-based water quality descriptor. Lake Erie wetlands had the highest nutrient levels and lowest water clarity, while wetlands in Lakes Superior and Huron had the lowest nutrient levels and clearest water. Lake Ontario wetlands had clearer water than would be expected from their nutrient levels and position on the agricultural intensity gradient. Dissolved oxygen, silica, pH, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were independent of agricultural intensity but DOC was responsible for low water clarity in some Lake Superior wetlands. Simple classification by hydromorphic type (riverine or protected) did not explain water quality differences among wetlands exposed to similar agricultural intensity levels, so finer hydrologic classification may be desirable. Results are used as a basis for discussing research and information needs underlying development of water quality criteria and monitoring programs for coastal wetlands of the Great Lakes.
Satellite Microwave Retrieval of Total Precipitable Water Vapor and Surface Air Temperature Over Land From AMSR2

An approach for deriving atmosphere total precipitable water vapor (PWV) and surface air temperature over land using satellite passive microwave radiometry from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) was developed in this study. The PWV algorithm is based on theoretical analysis and comparisons against similar retrievals from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). The AMSR2 PWV retrievals compare favorably with AIRS operational PWV products (R2 ≥ 0.80 and rmse: 4.4-5.6 mm) and independent PWV observations from the SuomiNet North American Global Positioning System station network, with an overall mean rmse of 4.7 mm and more than 78% of absolute retrieval errors below 5 mm. The PWV retrievals were then applied within an AMSR2 multifrequency brightness temperature algorithm for deriving atmosphere-corrected surface air temperatures. The estimated temperatures agree favorably (R2 > 0.80 and rmse <; 3.5 K) with independent weather station daily air temperature measurements spanning global climate and land cover variability. The resulting PWV estimates increase surface air temperature retrieval accuracy in our algorithm scheme. The AMSR2 algorithm is readily applied to similar microwave sensors including the AMSR for EOS and provides suitable performance and accuracy to support hydrologic, ecosystem, and climate change studies.
Scalp EEG Acquisition in a Low-Noise Environment: A Quantitative Assessment

This pilot study investigates effects of an ultrashielded capsule at the low-noise underground laboratory (LSBB), Rustrel, France, when used to acquire scalp electroencephalogram (EEG). Analysis of EEG recordings from three volunteers confirms that clean EEG signals can be acquired in the LSBB capsule without the need for notch filtering. In addition, using different setups for acquiring EEG in the capsule, statistical analysis of power spectral densities based on a geodesic distance measure reveals that a laptop and a patient module do not introduce any noise on recorded signals. Moreover, the current study shows that the backward counting task as a mental activity can be better detected using the EEG acquired in the capsule due to the higher level of β-band activities. The counting-relaxed β -band energy ratio is calculated using the S transform and compared between the hospital and capsule, revealing significantly higher values in the capsule (p <; 0.05). Exploring the relative β-band energy (ratio of β-band energy to that of 0-12 Hz in the counting state) reveals that the average of this measure is higher in the capsule for all subjects. Those results demonstrate the potential of the LSBB capsule for novel EEG studies, including the establishment of novel low-noise EEG benchmarks.
Learning in Interactive Work Situations: It Takes Two to Tango; Why Not Invite Both Partners to Dance?.

Learning that arises from interactions at work is the focus of this study. More specifically, the concrete activities of adult learners and their interaction partners were of interest because such learning activities largely determine the quality of learning outcomes. The results of the study are summarized in the form of a typology of interactive learning behaviors for adult learners (that is, workers) and their interaction partners at work. The similarities and differences among three occupational groups--teachers, financial service professionals, and police officers groups--were examined, and explanations were sought based on the nature of work and power. The results can help adult learners and their interaction partners enter into a more equal, dyadic, and reciprocal learning process and thereby contribute to a critical human resource development perspective.
Interruption and Influence in Discussion Groups

This study examines two aspects of conversational behavior that might lead to high perceived social influence in newly formed discussion groups, namely, to gain speaking turns by interrupting others and, conversely, to retain speakership against others' interruptions. Subjects discussed the issue of euthanasia and afterward ranked their own and each other's influence. Relative to low-ranking members, high-ranking members were more successful in interrupting others and in gaining speaking turns by other, noninterruptive means. When being interrupted, high-ranking members were better able to maintain the floor. However, the former also yielded to interruptions more frequently, probably because of the larger number of overall interruptions they received. Further analysis showed that certain speech acts (dissent, offer, reply) were more strongly associated than others (consent, reaction, request) with the successful enactment of interruptions and that, contrary to stereotypic beliefs, interruptions were not always disruptive but couldfunction constructively in rescuingandpromotinggroup discussion.
VARAN the Unbelievable: An Efficient N-version Execution Framework

With the widespread availability of multi-core processors, running multiple diversified variants or several different versions of an application in parallel is becoming a viable approach for increasing the reliability and security of software systems. The key component of such N-version execution (NVX) systems is a runtime monitor that enables the execution of multiple versions in parallel. Unfortunately, existing monitors impose either a large performance overhead or rely on intrusive kernel-level changes. Moreover, none of the existing solutions scales well with the number of versions, since the runtime monitor acts as a performance bottleneck. In this paper, we introduce Varan, an NVX framework that combines selective binary rewriting with a novel event-streaming architecture to significantly reduce performance overhead and scale well with the number of versions, without relying on intrusive kernel modifications. Our evaluation shows that Varan can run NVX systems based on popular C10k network servers with only a modest performance overhead, and can be effectively used to increase software reliability using techniques such as transparent failover, live sanitization and multi-revision execution.
Visual grouping in human parietal cortex

To efficiently extract visual information from complex visual scenes to guide behavior and thought, visual input needs to be organized into discrete units that can be selectively attended and processed. One important such selection unit is visual objects. A crucial factor determining object-based selection is the grouping between visual elements. Although human lesion data have pointed to the importance of the parietal cortex in object-based representations, our understanding of these parietal mechanisms in normal human observers remains largely incomplete. Here we show that grouped shapes elicited lower functional MRI (fMRI) responses than ungrouped shapes in inferior intraparietal sulcus (IPS) even when grouping was task-irrelevant. This relative ease of representing grouped shapes allowed more shape information to be passed onto later stages of visual processing, such as information storage in superior IPS, and may explain why grouped visual elements are easier to perceive than ungrouped ones after parietal brain lesions. These results are discussed within a neural object file framework, which argues for distinctive neural mechanisms supporting object individuation and identification in visual perception.
Risk-taking Behavior and Cognitive Style.

KOPFSTEIN, DONALD. Risk-taking Behavior and Cognitive Style. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1973, 44, 190-192. From a group of 60 fourth-grade children, 40 were classified as either reflective or impulsive based on Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures task. These children then participated in a risk-taking situation. It was predicted that impulsive children would take more risks than reflective ones. Only a small, nonsignificant relationship was found between cognitive style and risk-taking behavior, with impulsives tending to take more risks on one measure and fewer on another. Implications for research on risk-taking behavior were discussed.
Two Domains of Vimentin Are Expressed on the Surface of Lymph Node, Bone and Brain Metastatic Prostate Cancer Lines along with the Putative Stem Cell Marker Proteins CD44 and CD133

Vimentin was originally identified as an intermediate filament protein present only as an intracellular component in many cell types. However, this protein has now been detected on the surface of a number of different cancer cell types in a punctate distribution pattern. Increased vimentin expression has been indicated as an important step in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) required for the metastasis of prostate cancer. Here, using two vimentin-specific monoclonal antibodies (SC5 and V9 directed against the coil one rod domain and the C-terminus of the vimentin protein, respectively), we examined whether either of these domains would be displayed on the surface of three commonly studied prostate cancer cell lines isolated from different sites of metastases. Confocal analysis of LNCaP, PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines (derived from lymph node, bone or brain prostate metastases, respectively) demonstrated that both domains of vimentin are present on the surface of these metastatic cancer cell types. In addition, flow cytometric analysis revealed that vimentin expression was readily detected along with CD44 expression but only a small subpopulation of prostate cancer cells expressed vimentin and the putative stem cell marker CD133 along with CD44. Finally, Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) nanoparticles that target vimentin could bind and internalize into tested prostate cancer cell lines. These results demonstrate that at least two domains of vimentin are present on the surface of metastatic prostate cancer cells and suggest that vimentin could provide a useful target for nanoparticle- or antibody- cancer therapeutic agents directed against highly invasive cancer and/or stem cells.