Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compromised white matter tract integrity in schizophrenia inferred from diffusion tensor imaging.

BACKGROUND Current investigations suggest that brain white matter may be qualitatively altered in schizophrenia even in the face of normal white matter volume. Diffusion tensor imaging provides a new approach for quantifying the directional coherence and possibly connectivity of white matter fibers in vivo. METHODS Ten men who were veterans of the US Armed Forces and met the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 10 healthy, age-matched control men were scanned using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging and magnetic resonance structural imaging. RESULTS Relative to controls, the patients with schizophrenia exhibited lower anisotropy in white matter, despite absence of a white matter volume deficit. In contrast to the white matter pattern, gray matter anisotropy did not distinguish the groups, even though the patients with schizophrenia had a significant gray matter volume deficit. The abnormal white matter anisotropy in patients with schizophrenia was present in both hemispheres and was widespread, extending from the frontal to occipital brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Despite the small sample size, diffusion tensor imaging was powerful enough to yield significant group differences, indicating widespread alteration in brain white matter integrity but not necessarily white matter volume in schizophrenia.
The innovation deficit in public services: The curious problem of too much efficiency and not enough waste and failure

Abstract It has long been recognized that government and public sector services suffer an innovation deficit compared to private or market-based services. This paper argues that this can be explained as an unintended consequence of the concerted public sector drive toward the elimination of waste through efficiency, accountability and transparency. Yet in an evolving economy this can be a false efficiency, as it also eliminates the`good waste’ that is a necessary cost of experimentation. This results in a systematic trade-off in the public sector between the static efficiency of minimizing the misuse of public resources and the dynamic efficiency of experimentation. This is inherently biased against risk and uncertainty aneZ therein, explains why governments find service innovation so difficult. In the drive to eliminate static inefficiencies, many political systems have subsequently overshot and stifled policy innovation. I propose, instead, the ‘Red Queen’ solution of adaptive economic policy.
Whole-Body [18F]-Fluoride PET SUV Imaging to Monitor Response to Dasatinib Therapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases: Secondary Results from ACRIN 6687

ACRIN 6687, a multi-center clinical trial evaluating differential response of bone metastases to dasatinib in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), used [18F]-fluoride (NaF) PET imaging. We extend previous ACRIN 6687 dynamic imaging results by examining NaF whole-body (WB) static SUV PET scans acquired after dynamic scanning. Eighteen patients underwent WB NaF imaging prior to and 12 weeks into dasatinib treatment. Regional VOI analysis of the most NaF avid bone metastases and an automated whole-body method using Quantitative Total Bone Imaging software (QTBI; AIQ Solutions, Inc., Madison, WI, USA) were used. We assessed differences in tumor and normal bone, between pre- and on-treatment dasatinib, and evaluated parameters in association with PFS and OS. Significant decrease in average SUVmax and average SUVpeak occurred in response to dasatinib. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed NaF uptake had significant association with PFS. Pharmacodynamic changes with dasatinib in tumor bone can be identified by WB NaF PET in men with mCRPC. WB PET has the benefit of examining the entire body and is less complicated than single FOV dynamic imaging.
Treating Children Like People: A Framework for Research and Advocacy

Issues in child policy are often obscured by symbolic debates about the nature of child development and family life. There is a need for greater care in the identification of the interests at stake and articulation of the normative foundation for various policies and programs. The Convention on the Rights of the Child carries an implicit rights-focused agenda for social science research. Building on that agenda, this article presents topics that should be examined more closely by psychologists, and it also provides rights-grounded principles for design, conduct, analysis, and reporting of research. Although rights talk, especially the vocabulary of children's rights, is controversial, thoughtful application of such a framework leads to consensual adoption of policies and programs that are both more rational and more humane.
Optimal Control of the Unsteady Navier-Stokes Equations

A general method based on adjoint formulation is discussed for the optimal control of distributed parameter systems (including boundary parameter) which is especially suitable for large dimensional control problems. Strategies for efficient and robust implementation of the method are described. A set of consistency checks are proposed for the validation of the adjoint code. The method is applied to the problem of controlling vor-tex shedding behind a cylinder (through suction/ blowing on the cylinder surface) governed by the unsteady two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with time-dependent boundary conditions. Three types of objective functions are considered, with regularization to circumvent ill-posedness. These objective functions involve integration over a space-time domain. A complete control of vortex shedding is demonstrated for Reynolds numbers up to 110. The optimal values of the suction/blowing parameters are found to be insensitive to initial conditions of the model when the time window of control is larger than the vortex shedding period, the inverse of the Strouhal frequency. Although this condition is necessary for robust control, it is observed that a shorter window of control may suffice to suppress vortex shedding.
A Deep Learning Framework for Short-term Power Load Forecasting

The scheduling and operation of power system becomes prominently complex and uncertain, especially with the penetration of distributed power. Load forecasting matters to the effective operation of power system. This paper proposes a novel deep learning framework to forecast the short-term grid load. First, the load data is processed by Box-Cox transformation, and two parameters (electricity price and temperature) are investigated. Then, to quantify the tail-dependence of power load on the two parameters, parametric Copula models are fitted and the threshold of peak load are computed. Next, a deep belief network is built to forecast the hourly load of the power grid. One year grid load data collected from an urbanized area in Texas, United States is utilized in the case studies. Short-term load forecasting are examined in four seasons independently. Dayahead and week-ahead load forecasting experiments are conducted in each season using the proposed framework. The proposed framework is compared with classical neural networks, support vector regression machine, extreme learning machine, and classical deep belief networks. The load forecasting performances are assessed by mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error, and hit rate. Computational results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed data-driven deep learning framework. The prediction accuracy of both day-ahead forecasting and weekahead forecasting demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms the tested algorithms.
The relationship between day of formation and functional life span of induced corpora lutea in the pig.

Summary. Corpora lutea induced in pigs on Day 6 regressed with the naturally formed corpora lutea towards the end of the cycle. Hormonal induction of corpora lutea on Days 8, 10 or 16 significantly prolonged the cycle despite involution of the original corpora lutea about 16 days after ovulation. The interval between the exogenous administration of hcg and the appearance of the next oestrus varied with the day on which the accessory corpora lutea were formed. The estimated functional life span of the corpora lutea induced on Days 6, 8, 10 and 16 was 12\m=. \5 14\m=. \5, 15\m=. \0and 19\m=. \3 days respectively. That these induced corpora lutea were fully functional was shown by the luteal progesterone levels estimated using the protein-binding and u.v. spectrophotometric techniques. Hysterectomy resulted in both the spontaneous corpora lutea and those induced on Day 6 being maintained for at least 60 days. It is concluded that Days 6 to 8 may represent a critical phase in the relationship between the uterus and the corpora lutea in non-pregnant pigs.
Experimentally based orientational refinement of membrane protein models: A structure for the Influenza A M2 H+ channel.

The 97-residue M2 protein from Influenza A virus forms H+-selective ion channels which can be attributed solely to the homo-tetrameric alpha-helical transmembrane domain. Site-directed infrared dichroism spectra were obtained for the transmembrane domain of M2, reconstituted in lipid vesicles. Data analysis yielded the helix tilt angle beta=31.6(+/-6.2) degrees and the rotational pitch angle about the helix axis for residue Ala29 omegaAla29=-59.8(+/-9.9) degrees, whereby omega is defined as zero for a residue located in the direction of the helix tilt. A structure was obtained from an exhaustive molecular dynamics global search protocol in which the orientational data are utilised directly as an unbiased refinement energy term. Orientational refinement not only allowed selection of a unique structure but could also be shown to increase the convergence towards that structure during the molecular dynamics procedure. Encouragingly, the structure obtained is highly consistent with all available mutagenesis and conductivity data and offers a direct chemical insight that relates the altered functionality of the channel to its structure.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Individual Differences: The Three Major Dimensions of Personality

This article deals with the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to individual differences in the three major dimensions of personahty (Psychoticism, Extraversion, and Neuroticism) Twin studies indicate, and family studies confirm within limits, the strong genetic determination of these and many other personality factors, additive genetic variance accounting for roughly half the total phenotypic variance On the environmental side, shared family environment plays little or no part, all environmental effects bemg within-family Assortative mating, important in the formation of social attitudes, has little impact on personahty Dominance may be important for Extraversion Epistasis (emergenesis) may account for the comparative low values of dizygotic (DZ) twins' correlations Evidence for differential hentability of traits IS present, but not very strong It is concluded that behavioral genetics forms a vital part of the psychological understandmg of the causes of individual differences m personality This article discusses the importance of genetic factors m personality, and It may be useful to begin with a bnef definition of terms Concepts like "personality" often mean different things to different people, and without wishing to prescnbe the correct use of such terms (if there is any such correct use), it may be useful for the reader to know how such terms are used within this article Personality in the wider sense (personalityw) may be divided mto two basic categones, cognitive (mAddress correspondence to H J Eysenck, Institute of Psychiatry, University of London, London, England Joumal cf Personabty 58 1, March 1990 Copynght © 1990 hy Duke University Press CCC 0022-3506/90/$! 50
A Discrete Event System Approach to Online Testing of Speed Independent Circuits

With the increase in soft failures in deep submicron ICs, online testing is becoming an integral part of design for testability. Some techniques for online testing of asynchronous circuits are proposed in the literature, which involves development of a checker that verifies the correctness of the protocol.This checker involves Mutex blocks making its area overhead quite high. In this paper, we have adapted the Theory of Fault Detection and Diagnosis available in the literature on Discrete Event Systems to online testing of speed independent asynchronous circuits. The scheme involves development of a state based model of the circuit, under normal and various stuck-at fault conditions, and finally designing state estimators termed as detectors. The detectors monitor the circuit online and determine whether it is functioning in normal/failure mode. The main advantages are nonintrusiveness and low area overheads compared to similar schemes reported in the literature.
Matrix Filters for the Detection of Extragalactic Point Sources in Cosmic Microwave Background Images

In this paper we introduce a new linear filtering technique, the so-called matrix filters, that maximizes the signal-to-interference ratio of compact sources of unknown intensity embedded in a set of images by taking into account the cross-correlations between the different channels. By construction, the new filtering technique outperforms (or at least equals) the standard matched filter applied on individual images. An immediate application is the detection of extragalactic point sources in cosmic microwave background images obtained at different wavelengths. We test the new technique in two simulated cases: a simple two-channel case with ideal correlated color noise and more realistic simulations of the sky as it will be observed by the low-frequency instrument instrument of the upcoming ESA's Planck mission. In both cases, we observe an improvement with respect to the standard matched filter in terms of signal-to-noise interference, number of detections and number of false alarms.
Network‐based integral sliding mode control for descriptor systems with event‐triggered sampling scheme

This paper investigates event‐triggered sliding mode control for descriptor systems subject to networked‐induced delay. For handling disturbance and saving data transmission in networks for descriptor systems, sliding model control and event‐triggered control are combined, whereas how to combine them to design a stable controller is challenging due to the complexity of descriptor systems. Firstly, a new discrete event‐triggered scheme is introduced for deciding whether sampled data is sent out or not for networked‐based descriptor systems. Secondly, integral‐type switching surface and event‐triggered scheme are integrated resulting in a novel time‐delay system. The existence condition of integral‐type switching surface and the stability condition of the sliding mode dynamic are presented. An event‐triggered sliding mode controller is derived for driving the closed‐loop system trajectories to the practical switching surface in finite time. Finally, two examples are employed to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
We propose a technique to avoid spurious detections of jumps in highfrequency data via an explicit thresholding on available test statistics

We prove that it eliminates asymptotically all spurious detections. Monte Carlo results show that it performs also well in nite samples. In Dow Jones stocks, spurious detections represent up to 50% of the jumps detected initially between 2006 and 2008. For the majority of stocks, jumps do not cluster in time and no cojump a ects all stocks simultaneously, suggesting jump risk is diversi able. We relate the remaining jumps to macroeconomic news, prescheduled company-speci c announcements, and stories from news agencies which include a variety of unscheduled and uncategarized events. The majority of news do not cause jumps. One exception are share buybacks announcements. Fed rate news have an important impact but rarely cause jumps. Another nding is that 60% of jumps occur without any news event. For one third of the jumps with no news we observe an unusual behavior in the volume of transactions. Hence, liquidity pressures are probably another important factor of jumps.
Topical resiquimod can induce disease regression and enhance T-cell effector functions in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a skin-limited lymphoma with no cure aside from stem cell transplantation. Twelve patients with stage IA-IIA CTCL were treated in a phase 1 trial of 0.03% and 0.06% topical resiquimod gel, a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist. Treated lesions significantly improved in 75% of patients and 30% had clearing of all treated lesions. Resiquimod also induced regression of untreated lesions. Ninety-two percent of patients had more than a 50% improvement in body surface area involvement by the modified Severity-Weighted Assessment Tool analysis and 2 patients experienced complete clearing of disease. Four of 5 patients with folliculotropic disease also improved significantly. Adverse effects were minor and largely skin limited. T-cell receptor sequencing and flow cytometry studies of T cells from treated lesions demonstrated decreased clonal malignant T cells in 90% of patients and complete eradication of malignant T cells in 30%. High responses were associated with recruitment and expansion of benign T-cell clones in treated skin, increased skin T-cell effector functions, and a trend toward increased natural killer cell functions. In patients with complete or near eradication of malignant T cells, residual clinical inflammation was associated with cytokine production by benign T cells. Fifty percent of patients had increased activation of circulating dendritic cells, consistent with a systemic response to therapy. In summary, topical resiquimod is safe and effective in early-stage CTCL and the first topical therapy to our knowledge that can induce clearance of untreated lesions and complete remissions in some patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT813320.
A learning approach to content-based image categorization and retrieval

We develop a machine learning approach to content-based image categorization and retrieval. We represent images by histograms of their spectral components associated with a bank of filters and assume that a training database of labeled images – that contains representative samples from each class – is available. We employ a linear dimension reduction technique, referred to as Optimal Factor Analysis, to identify and split off “optimal” low-dimensional factors of the features to solve a given semantic classification or indexing problem. This content-based categorization technique is used to structure databases of images for retrieval according to the likelihood of each class given a query image.
Humidity sensing properties of sprayed thin film MWCNT-PVP composites

We studied the change of electrical resistance under climate controlled conditions of thin film coatings which are composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The presented films are characterized via DC resistance measurements in a climate control chamber with different humidity levels. Our measurements show significant increase of relative resistance change with decreasing carbon nanotube loadings in the nanocomposite films, especially for higher air humidity levels. Resistance changes > 400 % of a 10 wt. %-MWCNT-PVP film in a relative humidity range from 40 – 70 % have been measured.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Efek Samping Kontrasepsi Suntik Dengan Keikutsertaan Menjadi Akseptor KB Suntik Di BPS Ny. Arifin Surabaya

Kontrasepsi merupakan suatu cara atau metode yang bertujuan untuk mencegah pembuahan sehingga tidak terjadi kehamilan. Kontrasepsi suntik adalah salah satu metode yang paling diminati. Namun banyak sekali akseptor KB suntik yang belum memahami tentang efek samping kontrasepsi suntik sehingga tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang efek samping kontrasepsi suntik dengan menjadi akseptor KB suntik. Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah “korelasi”. Pemilihan sample dilakukan dengan teknik consecutive sampling, pengumpulan data menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner, sampel diambil dari responden yang bersedia (akseptor KB baru dan Ibu yang kooperatif) Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas disimpulkan sebagian besar pengetahuan ibu tentang efek samping kontrasepsi suntik adalah kurang sebanyak 20 responden (50%) dan sebanyak 28 responden (70%) tetap ikut menjadi akseptor KB suntik. Data diolah menggunakan uji statistik chi square dengan hasil =0.763 yang berarti H0 diterima yaitu tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang efek samping kontrasepsi suntik dengan menjadi akseptor KB suntik. Peneliti berharap petugas kesehatan lebih memotivasi para ibu yang belum menggunakan KB agar memberikan informasi betapa pentingnya KB untuk menekan jumlah kelahiran, angka kemtian ibu dan kesakitan.
Role of home blood pressure telemonitoring in hypertension management: an update

Despite the increasing use of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in daily practice and the growing awareness in the scientific community about its positive impact on the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with high blood pressure (BP), the potential advantages offered by HBPM have not yet been fully exploited. Indeed, use of the information offered by HBPM is often incomplete and imprecise, with the BP values reported by patients in handwritten logbooks being frequently inaccurate, illegible to physicians, or unreliable. Although a practical solution for improvement may come from the use of devices equipped with a storage memory, a step forward in this regard has been taken more recently with the introduction and refinement of systems for the remote telemonitoring of BP values measured at home. However, although several studies have provided evidence on the clinical usefulness of HBPM, only limited data are available on the clinical impact of home blood pressure (HBP) telemonitoring, because of a number of reasons. First, most of the available studies are characterized by a small sample size, and in some cases, the patients were neither randomized nor even matched with a control group. Moreover, technological solutions used in the different studies carried out so far are often heterogeneous, some of them being particularly difficult to use for the patients, thus limiting the effectiveness of the results. BP monitoring programmes, number of BP readings and transmission schedules are often different among the various studies. In addition, patient selection criteria are different from study to study. Finally, different study objectives and important diversities in the types of centres involved (ranging from general practices, to specialists' offices, hospitals or university centres) may have also influenced the quality of results. Large-scale randomized controlled studies, based on easy-to-use technologies, are thus still needed to show the superiority and clinical usefulness of HBP telemonitoring as compared with conventional HBPM. This study summarizes the evidence available on the clinical usefulness and current limitations of this approach, highlighting the results of meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials on this issue. The role of HBP teletransmission in the context of integrated patients' management programmes is also addressed, with indications for further progress in this field.