Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motivación y comportamiento adaptativos en jóvenes futbolistas

espanolEsta tesis doctoral analiza la motivacion de los jovenes practicantes de futbol en Extremadura y su relacion con comportamientos adaptativos o desadaptativos en este contexto. En concreto, se parte de una perspectiva socio cognitiva utilizando como marco conceptual a la Teoria de las Metas de Logro y la Teoria de Autodeterminacion, comprobando la capacidad de estas teorias motivacionales para explicar determinados comportamientos como son el abandono de la practica del futbol, las conductas antideportivas, el estilo atribucional del rendimiento, la habilidad percibida y la cohesion del equipo de futbol. Los resultados obtenidos son muy interesantes y aportan informacion sobre las estrategias a seguir con padres y entrenadores para conseguir mayor adaptabilidad al contexto deportivo por parte de los jovenes participantes. EnglishThis doctoral dissertation analyzes the motivation among youth practicing of soccer in Extremadura and the relationship with adaptative behaviours or non adaptative in this context. In fact, it splits of a cognitive perspective using as a conceptual framework the Theory of the Goals of Achievement and the Theory of Self-determination, verifying the capacity of these motivational theories to explain some behaviours such as the abandonment of the practice of the soccer, the unsportsmanlike behaviours, the attributional style of the performance, the ability perceived and the cohesion of the soccer? s team. The outcomes obtained are very interesting and they contribute to give information about the strategies to do with parents and coaches to get greater adaptability to the sport context from the youth participating.
Human T cells recognize mycobacterial heat shock proteins in the context of multiple HLA-DR molecules: studies with healthy subjects vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium leprae

Heat shock proteins (HSP) are considered to be important targets of the immune response to mycobacteria and, as such, relevant to subunit vaccine design. If HSP are major antigens in cell-mediated immunity, they should be recognized in the context of most of the HLA-DR molecules required for presentation of mycobacterial antigens to T cells. We tested peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T-cell lines from Mycobacterium leprae- and M. bovis BCG-vaccinated subjects for proliferation in response to the 18- and 65-kDa HSP of M. leprae, the 65-kDa HSP of M. bovis BCG, and the 70-kDa HSP of M. tuberculosis. Irrespective of HLA types, PBMC showing a strong response to M. leprae proliferated in response to mycobacterial HSP. HLA restriction analysis with T-cell lines showed that the M. leprae 18-kDa HSP was recognized in the context of HLA-DR4, HLA-Dw4, and HLA-DR1 molecules. The T-cell lines recognized the M. leprae 65-kDa HSP in the context of all of the HLA-DR molecules expressed by autologous antigen-presenting cells, i.e., HLA-DR1, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR5, HLA-DR7, and importantly HLA-DR4 (HLA-Dw4 and HLA-Dw14), which is relevant to autoimmunity. The M. tuberculosis 70-kDa antigen was also presented to the T-cell lines by HLA-DR1, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR5, and HLA-DR7 molecules. In addition, this HSP was recognized in the context of the HLA-DRw53 molecule, which is frequently expressed in many regions where leprosy is endemic. The T-cell lines proliferating in response to a given HSP lysed autologous monocytes-macrophages pulsed with that HSP. The results demonstrate that PBMC from individuals immunized with M. leprae respond to mycobacterial HSP and that these HSP are presented to T cells by multiple HLA-DR molecules, a prerequisite for their application in the next generation of subunit vaccines.
Cognition-Enabled Robot Manipulation in Human Environments: Requirements, Recent Work, and Open Problems

Service robots are expected to play an important role in our daily lives as our companions in home and work environments in the near future. An important requirement for fulfilling this expectation is to equip robots with skills to perform everyday manipulation tasks, the success of which is crucial for most home chores, such as cooking, cleaning, and shopping. Robots have been used successfully for manipulation tasks in wellstructured and controlled factory environments for decades. Designing skills for robots working in uncontrolled human environments raises many potential challenges in various subdisciplines, such as computer vision, automated planning, and human-robot interaction. In spite of the recent progress in these fields, there are still challenges to tackle. This article outlines problems in different research areas related to mobile manipulation from the cognitive perspective, reviews recently published works and the state-of-the-art approaches to address these problems, and discusses open problems to be solved to realize robot assistants that can be used in manipulation tasks in unstructured human environments.
Reminiscence, Motivation, and Personality: A Case Study in Experimental Psychology

I The Origin of the Grand Design. - 1 Kraepelin and the Age of Innocence. - Definition of Reminiscence. - The Specificity of Reminiscence. - Muscular Fatigue and Reminiscence. - Kraepelin's Studies of Reminiscence. - An Early Consolidation Theory. - 2 The Pursuit Rotor: An Apparatus for All Occasions. - 3 The Beginning of Investigations on a Grand Scale. - 4 The All-Purpose Apparatus Meets the All-Purpose Theory. - II The Failure of the Grand Design. - 5 Reminiscence and Motivation. - 6 Post-Rest Upswing and Downswing. - Early Studies of Warm-up. - Warm-up in Verbal Learning. - Warm-up in Motor Skills. - Is Upswing an Artifact of Measurement? - Measures of Performance Alternative to Time-on-Target. - The Underlying Components of Rotary-Pursuit Tracking. - Conclusions. - 7 Transfer of Training and Interpolated Activity. - Bilateral Reminiscence. - Practice and Interpolated Activity at Different Rotation Speeds. - Practice and Interpolation of Motor Tasks Other than the Standard Pursuit Rotor. - Changes in the Distribution of Practice. - Conclusions. - 8 Individual Differences in Ability as Determinants of Performance and Reminiscence. - 9 Individual Differences: Extraversion. - 10 Individual Differences: Schizophrenia. - III The New Look in Reminiscence. - 11 Consolidation: The Failure of Inhibition Theory. - The Need for a New Approach. - The Consolidation Theory of Memory. - How Does Consolidation Improve Performance? - The Evidence for Action Decrement. - Evidence for Consolidation in Pursuit-Rotor Learning. - Consolidation in the Explanation of Reminiscence and Other Phenomena of Pursuit-Rotor Learning. - A One-Factor Theory of Reminiscence. - 12 Strategies in Performance: What Is This Thing Called Learning? - Problems in the Measurement of Pursuit-Rotor Performance. - Hits and Average Hit Lengths. - Rest Pauses and Responses. - The Search for the Rest Pause. - What Happens in between Responses? - What Is Learned in a Pursuit-Tracking Task? - A Summary of This New Model of Pursuit Tracking and Its Implications. - Strategies of Performance. - Some Physiological Speculations. - 13 The Rise and Fall of Reminiscence: An Explanation Is Proposed and Some Morals Are Drawn. - Reminiscence in Tapping. - Reminiscence in Verbal Learning. - Reminiscence in Pursuit-Rotor Learning. - Epilogue Fifty Years of Pursuit-Rotor Studies. - References and Bibliography. - Reference Index.
Effects of captopril and enalaprilat on intracellular Ca2+ content in isolated cardiomyocytes from rats.

AIM To study the effects of ACEI captopril (Cap) and enalaprilat (Ena) on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cardiac myocytes isolated from SHR and WKY rats. METHODS Using fluorescent probe Fura 2-AM combined with computer image processing technique to measure [Ca2+]i. RESULTS Resting [Ca2+]i was higher in SHR cardiac myocytes (174 +/- 5 nmol.L-1) than that in WKY rat myocytes (148 +/- 15 nmol.L-1, P < 0.01). Cap and Ena decreased the resting [Ca2+]i in SHR myocytes (161 +/- 11 and 166 +/- 7 nmol.L-1, respectively, P < 0.05) but not in WKY rat myocytes (P > 0.05). Both drugs inhibited [Ca2+]i increment induced by KCI, NE, or Ang II in SHR and WKY rat myocytes except on KCI-induced [Ca2+]i increment in WKY rat myocytes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Cap and Ena had direct effects on pathological voltage-operated calcium channel in cardiac myocytes.
Electrical Model of a Carbon-Polymer Composite (CPC) Collision Detector

We present a study of an electrical model of electromechanically active carbon-polymer composite (CPC) with carbide-derived carbon (CDC) electrodes. The major focus is on investigation of surface electrode behavior upon external bending of the material. We show that electrical impedance measured from the surface of the CDC-based CPC can be used to determine the curvature of the material and, hence, the tip displacement of a CPC laminate in a cantilever configuration. It is also shown that by measuring surface signals in the process of an actuator’s work-cycle, we obtain a self-sensing collision-detecting CPC actuator that can be considered as a counterpart of biomimetic vibrissae.
Prediction of First-Grade Reading in Spanish-Speaking English-Language Learners.

Longitudinal prediction of English and Spanish reading skills was examined in a sample of 249 Spanish-speaking English-language learners at 3 time points in kindergarten through Grade 1. Phonological awareness transferred from Spanish to English and was predictive of word-identification skills, as in previous studies. Other variables showing cross-linguistic transfer were letter and word knowledge, print concepts, and sentence memory. Expressive vocabulary tended to show language-specific relationships to later reading. Oral-language variables predicted reading comprehension more highly than word identification. Classification of good and poor readers in 1st grade was found to be comparable with studies that used monolingual readers. Results broadened the range of variables showing cross-linguistic transfer, at the level of both predictor and outcome variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
The International Journal of Biostatistics Instrumental Variables vs . Grouping Approach for Reducing Bias Due to Measurement Error

Attenuation of the exposure-response relationship due to exposure measurement error is often encountered in epidemiology. Given that error cannot be totally eliminated, bias correction methods of analysis are needed. Many methods require more than one exposure measurement per person to be made, but the `group mean OLS method,' in which subjects are grouped into several a priori defined groups followed by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression on the group means, can be applied with one measurement. An alternative approach is to use an instrumental variable (IV) method in which both the single error-prone measure and an IV are used in IV analysis. In this paper we show that the `group mean OLS' estimator is equal to an IV estimator with the group mean used as IV, but that the variance estimators for the two methods are different. We derive a simple expression for the bias in the common estimator which is a simple function of group size, reliability and contrast of exposure between groups, and show that the bias can be very small when group size is large. We compare this method with a new proposal (group mean ranking method), also applicable with a single exposure measurement, in which the IV is the rank of the group means. When there are two independent exposure measurements per subject, we propose a new IV method (EVROS IV) and compare it with Carroll and Stefanski's (CS IV) proposal in which the second measure is used as an IV; the new IV estimator combines aspects of the `group mean' and `CS' strategies. All methods are evaluated in terms of bias, precision and root mean square error via simulations and a dataset from occupational epidemiology. The `group mean ranking method' does not offer much improvement over the `group mean method. ' Compared with the `CS' method, the `EVROS' method is less affected by low reliability of exposure. We conclude that the group IV methods we propose may provide a useful way to handle mismeasured exposures in epidemiology with or without replicate measurements. Our finding may also have implications for the use of aggregate variables in epidemiology to control for unmeasured confounding.
An ethnographic study of psychiatric nursing.

: There is a well documented continuing anomaly between what is expected of a psychiatric nurse and observations of practice. This paper presents an ethnographic study carried out in three acute psychiatric in-patient units over one year. Methods used were participant observation and semistructured interviews of 15 trained nurses. Three themes were isolated during and following data analysis: the difficulty of working closely with mentally disturbed individuals; maintaining distance and congruent care. There was a notable dichotomy, that of wanting to work with the patients but constantly feeling that what they intuitively wanted to do was not right.
Communication Optimizations for Multithreaded Code Generation from Simulink Models

Communication frequency is increasing with the growing complexity of emerging embedded applications and the number of processors in the implemented multiprocessor SoC architectures. In this article, we consider the issue of communication cost reduction during multithreaded code generation from partitioned Simulink models to help designers in code optimization to improve system performance. We first propose a technique combining message aggregation and communication pipeline methods, which groups communications with the same destinations and sources and parallelizes communication and computation tasks. We also present a method to apply static analysis and dynamic emulation for efficient communication buffer allocation to further reduce synchronization cost and increase processor utilization. The existing cyclic dependency in the mapped model may hinder the effectiveness of the two techniques. We further propose a set of optimizations involving repartition with strongly connected threads to maximize the degree of communication reduction and preprocessing strategies with available delays in the model to reduce the number of communication channels that cannot be optimized. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed optimizations with 11--143% throughput improvement.
HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor Resistance and Its Clinical Implications

With the approval in 2007 of the first integrase inhibitor (INI), raltegravir, clinicians became better able to suppress virus replication in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) who were harboring many of the most highly drug-resistant viruses. Raltegravir also provided clinicians with additional options for first-line therapy and for the simplification of regimens in patients with stable virological suppression. Two additional INIs in advanced clinical development—elvitegravir and S/GSK1349572—may prove equally versatile. However, the INIs have a relatively low genetic barrier to resistance in that 1 or 2 mutations are capable of causing marked reductions in susceptibility to raltegravir and elvitegravir, the most well-studied INIs. This perspective reviews the genetic mechanisms of INI resistance and their implications for initial INI therapy, the treatment of antiretroviral-experienced patients, and regimen simplification.
Association between the Epidermal Growth Factor +61G/A Polymorphism and Glioma Risk: A Meta-Analysis

Background Gliomas account for almost 80% of primary malignant brain tumors. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is an interesting research candidate in which to look for genetic polymorphisms because of its role in mitogenesis and proliferation. Extensive studies have found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) +61G/A (rs4444903) in the EGF gene is associated with the susceptibility of glioma, however, the results have been controversial. Furthermore, the association between EGF +61G/A polymorphism with the development and grade progress of glioma has not been established. Methods We examined the association of EGF +61G/A polymorphism and glioma by performing a meta-analysis. Nine studies testing the associations between EGF +61G/A polymorphism and risk of glioma with 1758 cases and 2823 controls were retrieved. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association. The pooled ORs were performed for the allele model, codominant model, dominant model, and recessive model, respectively. Results Overall, this meta-analysis showed significant associations between the EGF +61G/A polymorphism and glioma susceptibility in all four genetic models. However, in the stratified analysis by the grade of glioma, we only found this association existed in patients with Grade IV glioblastoma, but not in patients with Grade I-III glioma. We further compared EGF +61G/A polymorphism in patients with glioblastoma and Grade I-III glioma accordingly, the stronger association between the EGF +61G/A polymorphism and the malignancy of glioma was found. Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis suggested that the EGF +61G/A polymorphism is associated with both the susceptibility of glioma and the malignance of glioma.
The two-queue E=1-L polling model with regularly varying service and/or switchover times

We consider the cyclic polling system with two queues. One queue is served according to the exhaustive discipline, and the other queue is served according to the 1-limited discipline. At least one of the service and/or switchover times has a regularly varying tail. We obtain the tail behavior of the waiting time distributions. When one of the service and/or switchover times has an infinite second moment, we derive the heavy-trac behavior of the waiting time distribution at the 1-limited queue.
An Effective Complete-Web Recommender System

There are a number of recommendation systems that can suggest the webpages, within a single website, that other (purportedly similar) users have visited. By contrast, our goal is a system that can recommend “information content” (IC) pages — i.e., pages that contain information relevant to the user— from anywhere in the web. This paper describes how we addressed this challenge, We first collected a number of annotated user sessions, whose pages each include a bit indicating whether it was IC. Our system, IC PF, then used this collection to learn the characteristics of words that appear in such IC-pages, in terms of the word’s “browsing features” (e.g., did the user follow links whose anchor included this word, etc.). This paper describes the ICPF system, as well as a tool (AIE) we developed to help users annotate their sessions, and a study we performed to collect these annotated sessions. We also present empirical data that validate the effectiveness of this approach.
The development and testing of the pelvic floor muscle exercise self-efficacy scale.

The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate women' s confidence in performing pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME). Based on the researcher' s own experience and with extended literature review, social cognitive theory and a health promotion model were utilized to formulate the 17-item Chen pelvic floor muscle exercise self-efficacy (PFMSE) scale. Data were collected from 106 urinarily incontinent women and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested. The results showed that the scale has a high Cronbach' s alpha of . 95 for its internal consistency. Test-retest reliability over 6-30 days was r = . 86 (p < .001), showing acceptable stability of the Chen PFMSE scale. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test the initial construct validity, and two factors were extracted, which explained 34.16% and 32.55% of the total variance respectively, with a total of 66.71% . The two factors were named as (1) belief in PFME execution and its benefits, and (2) belief in performing PFME as scheduled and despite barriers. It is also evident that the Chen PFMSE scale satisfies concurrent validity when compared with well-developed and tested instruments such as general self-efficacy ( GSE), perceived PFME benefits, and incontinence impact questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7). The results suggest that the Chen PFMSE scale has solid psychometric properties, and is a useful tool for clinicians to design appropriate interventions and to foster positive PFME self-efficacy during treatment for women with urinary incontinence and undergoing PFME training.
First overview on chronic injuries in sport climbing: proposal for a change in reporting of injuries in climbing

Background Climbing as a youth sport is growing fast. This is mostly due to indoor walls for training attracting youngsters. With hard training from young ages it is vital to be able to pinpoint training regimes to avoid injuries in athletes. Furthermore, it is vital to know what injuries are most common in the sport to be able to prevent them. Such an overview on injuries does not exist to date. The aim of this overview is to summon the injuries described in published research and to extract the most common. Method Two literature searches were conducted in PubMed, on 11 August 2013 and 19 August 2015. Result The searches gave 1409 titles. All titles were carefully examined for the possible finding of descriptions of climbing-related chronic injuries. This led to the reading of 96 abstracts and then to a final inclusion of 47 papers of which 17 described chronic climbing-related injuries. We found descriptions of 45 chronic injuries in those 17 papers. Discussion Owing to methodological differences, lack of reporting strategies and non-use of control groups in the included papers, it is not possible to conclude on which groups of climbers are more prone to injuries or to state which injuries are the most prevalent among climbers.
Immunization against proprotein convertase subtilisin-like/kexin type 9 lowers plasma LDL-cholesterol levels in mice

Successful development of drugs against novel targets crucially depends on reliable identification of the activity of the target gene product in vivo and a clear demonstration of its specific functional role for disease development. Here, we describe an immunological knockdown (IKD) method, a novel approach for the in vivo validation and functional study of endogenous gene products. This method relies on the ability to elicit a transient humoral response against the selected endogenous target protein. Anti-target antibodies specifically bind to the target protein and a fraction of them effectively neutralize its activity. We applied the IKD method to the in vivo validation of plasma PCSK9 as a potential target for the treatment of elevated levels of plasma LDL-cholesterol. We show that immunization with human-PCSK9 in mice is able to raise antibodies that cross-react and neutralize circulating mouse-PCSK9 protein thus resulting in increased liver LDL receptor levels and plasma cholesterol uptake. These findings closely resemble those described in PCSK9 knockout mice or in mice treated with antibodies that inhibit PCSK9 by preventing the PCSK9/LDLR interaction. Our data support the IKD approach as an effective method to the rapid validation of new target proteins.
Decomposing the vertex set of a hypercube into isomorphic subgraphs

Let $G$ be an induced subgraph of the hypercube $Q_k$ for some $k$. We show that if $|G|$ is a power of $2$ then, for sufficiciently large $n$, the vertex set of $Q_n$ can be partitioned into induced copies of $G$. This answers a question of Offner. In fact, we prove a stronger statement: if $X$ is a subset of $\{0,1\}^k$ for some $k$ and if $|X|$ is a power of $2$, then, for sufficiently large $n$, $\{0,1\}^n$ can be partitioned into isometric copies of $X$.