Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elements of the Competitive Situation that Affect Intrinsic Motivation

Effects on intrinsic motivation of three elements of the competitive situation (viz., competitive set, competitive outcome, and inter-personal context) were explored. Participants solved puzzles with a same-sex confederate under one of five experimental inductions, and intrinsic motivation was assessed by subsequent free-choice behavior and self-reports of interest/enjoyment. As predicted by cognitive evaluation theory, competitive outcome(viz., winning vs. losing) and interpersonal context (viz., pressured vs. nonpressured) affected intrinsic motivation. Path analyses showed that (a) winning (relative to losing) increased intrinsic motivation by enhancing perceived competence and (b) a pressured (relative to nonpressured) interpersonal context decreased intrinsic motivation by diminishing perceived self-determination. Further, competence valuation-the importance one places on doing well-related positively to perceived competence, perceived self-determination, and intrinsic motivation.
Tonal Structure versus Function: Studies of the Recognition of Harmonic Motion

Two empirical studies identified and tested strengths of dynamic cues that assist listeners in identifying tonal centers. The hypothesis that it is rare intervals, rather than physical properties of tones or static representations such as scales and triads, that play a significant role in a musician's perceptual process of key identification led to the first experimental study of context sufficiency in perception of tonality. Musicians extrapolated tonal centers upon aural presentation of subsets of a major diatonic set with an accuracy mean of 87%. Univalent trichords gave 100% clearer indication of tonal center than did multivalent trichords. The strength of the tonality percept was further explored by examining effects of temporal ordering and by evaluating relationships between formal training and test scores. In a second experiment, listeners judged appropriateness of tonal centers after hearing paired dyads consisting of the rarest intervals in the major set: the tritone and the two minor seconds. Listeners indicated strongest impressions of tonal center when the tritone was heard as a simultaneity. Test performance showed a stronger correlation with listeners' abilities to identify tonal centers in actual music than with listeners' status as musicians or nonmusicians. These results are interpreted as evidence of a widespread cognitive skill that interprets tonality as a system of tonal relations rather than just an abstracted collection of tones or a system governed by the psychophysical attributes of tones.
Interaction of Herbal Compounds with Biological Targets: A Case Study with Berberine

Berberine is one of the main alkaloids found in the Chinese herb Huang lian (Rhizoma Coptidis), which has been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities. This study aimed to analyze the molecular targets of berberine based on literature data followed by a pathway analysis using the PANTHER program. PANTHER analysis of berberine targets showed that the most classes of molecular functions include receptor binding, kinase activity, protein binding, transcription activity, DNA binding, and kinase regulator activity. Based on the biological process classification of in vitro berberine targets, those targets related to signal transduction, intracellular signalling cascade, cell surface receptor-linked signal transduction, cell motion, cell cycle control, immunity system process, and protein metabolic process are most frequently involved. In addition, berberine was found to interact with a mixture of biological pathways, such as Alzheimer's disease-presenilin and -secretase pathways, angiogenesis, apoptosis signalling pathway, FAS signalling pathway, Hungtington disease, inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathways, interleukin signalling pathway, and p53 pathways. We also explored the possible mechanism of action for the anti-diabetic effect of berberine. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of action of berberine using systems biology approach.
Serum hyaluronic acid levels are elevated in arthritis patients, but normal and not associated with clinical data in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a disease with widespread chronic pain and many nonspecific symptoms. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a disputed marker for the diagnosis of FM. The aim of the study is to clarify the discrepant results reported so far. METHODS Serum concentrations of HA were measured with a radiometric assay (Pharmacia & Upjohn, Sweden) in 41 patients with FM (38 females), 48 with arthritis (35 females) and 31 control subjects (28 females). Correlations of HA levels with clinical parameters (duration of disease, age, gender, medication) and scores of disease severity (e.g. depression and pain) were calculated. If appropriate, partial correlations and analysis of covariance adjusted for confounding variables (e.g. age) were used. RESULTS HA levels were confirmed to be age-related in the whole study group (r(s) = 0.54; P < 0.001) and each subgroup. Association between HA levels and gender, drug therapy, clinical or psychometric data could not be demonstrated in patients suffering from FM. Analyzing all study participants, HA levels were correlated with the pain disability index (PDI) (r(tau) = 0.27; P < 0.02) and, in arthritis patients only, with duration of disease (r(tau) = 0.82; P < 0.001). Moreover, analysis of covariance revealed that patients with FM had normal HA values as compared with control subjects and only patients with arthritis had significantly higher levels than both other groups. CONCLUSIONS The present study with a quite large cohort including patients with arthritis and FM demonstrates that serum levels of HA in FM are neither elevated nor associated with any relevant clinical data of this disease and, therefore, have no diagnostic or prognostic value in Germans.
NavTracks: supporting navigation in software maintenance

In this paper, we present NavTracks, a tool that supports browsing through software. NavTracks keeps track of the navigation history of software developers, forming associations between related files. These associations are then used as the basis for recommending potentially related files as a developer navigates the software system. We present the reasoning behind NavTracks, its basic algorithm, a case study, and propose some future work.
Educational ethnography as performance art: towards a sensuous feeling and knowing

The article methodologically positions and subsequently describes an ethnographic-based performance art piece staged as the author's keynote address at the UK's first international conference on Arts-Based Educational Research held at Queen's University Belfast. The article draws on existing arts-based research literature and a range of participant `voices' — including the voice of the author as `impresario' whose research provided the ethnographic data and facilitated the performance, the voices of the artists as `performers' who created and staged the piece, and the voices of the audience as `spec-actors' who made the journey through the performance — to make its case and hopefully encourage other qualitative researchers to a performative (re)presentational embrace.
Copula Network Classifiers (CNCs)

The task of classification is of paramount importance and extensive research has been aimed at developing general purpose classifiers that can be used eectively in a variety of domains. Network-based classifiers, such as the tree augmented naive Bayes model, are appealing since they are easily interpretable, can naturally handle missing data, and are often quite eective. Yet, for complex domains with continuous explanatory variables, practical performance is often sub-optimal. To overcome this limitation, we introduce Copula Network Classifiers (CNCs), a model that combines the flexibility of a graph based representation with the modeling power of copulas. As we demonstrate on ten varied continuous real-life datasets, CNCs oer better overall performance than linear and nonlinear standard generative models, as well as discriminative RBF and polynomial kernel SVMs. In addition, since no parameter tuning is required, CNCs can be trained dramatically faster than SVMs.
Effects of hue, saturation, and brightness on color preference in social networks: Gender‐based color preference on the social networking site Twitter

Account information for over 1 million Twitter users was downloaded and analyzed to determine color preference. Blues were found to be the most preferred color, whereas greens were least preferred. Distinct gender-specific differences were found. Males preferred blues to a greater extent than females, whereas females preferred magentas to a much greater extent than males. Males preferred darker colors to a greater extent than women. Density plots within hue, saturation, and brightness space summarize the distribution of color choices and illustrate color preferences for both males and females. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 196–202, 2013.
Towards a conceptualization of hand preference

In the present study, we have investigated the structure of hand preference by means of a questionnaire of 51 items, using the data from 977 persons. On the basis of the scores over a larger part of the items, the respondents were divided into three groups, right-handers (523), left-handers (412) and those impossible to classify (42). The items were subjected to a cluster analysis for the left-handers and right-handers separately. The results show a clear grouping of items for left-handers, and a vaguely similar grouping for right-handers. The clusters can be characterized by the muscle groups and joints which are involved in performing the tasks. Some attention is given to the question of whether hand preference can be better viewed as a natural dichotomy or a single continuum.
Radiological reasoning: hyperintensity of the basal ganglia and cortex on FLAIR and diffusion-weighted imaging.

Objective The educational objectives of this article are to learn an approach to analyzing studies involving abnormalities of the basal ganglia in the acute setting. The approach is based on using medical history and imaging features to narrow the differential diagnostic considerations. An emphasis on understanding the pathophysiology is provided to reinforce the causality of the imaging abnormalities. Conclusion Abnormalities on imaging of the basal ganglia are often nonspecific. Therefore, a focused approach to limit the differential diagnosis is based on whether the patient presents with acute or chronic symptoms. The most sensitive sequence in the acute setting to detect abnormalities within the basal ganglia is diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The differential diagnostic considerations in the acute setting should include hypoglycemia, cerebral hypoxic encephalopathy, carbon monoxide poisoning, encephalitis, osmotic myelinolysis, toxin exposure, vascular causes, and illicit drug use.
Children’s relationships with homeroom teachers as a protective factor in times of terror

The contribution of students’ relationships with their homeroom teachers to their ability to cope with terror and specifically to posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth was studied. Participants consisted of 1101 Israeli high school students who lived under constant terror attacks. Positive relationships with homeroom teachers were found to be linked to higher posttraumatic growth though not to lower posttraumatic stress disorder. In addition, girls were found to have higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth than boys, and both posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress disorder were found to be positively correlated with exposure to terror. The contribution of student–homeroom teacher relationships to students’ well-being when living under terror is discussed.
RNA Helix Stability in Mixed Na 1 / Mg 2 1 Solution

A recently developed tightly bound ion model can account for the correlation and fluctuation (i.e., different binding modes) of bound ions. However, the model cannot treat mixed ion solutions, which are physiologically relevant and biologically significant, and the model was based on B-DNA helices and thus cannot directly treat RNA helices. In the present study, we investigate the effects of ion correlation and fluctuation on the thermodynamic stability of finite length RNA helices immersed in a mixed solution of monovalent and divalent ions. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the model gives improved predictions over the Poisson-Boltzmann theory, which has been found to underestimate the roles of multivalent ions such as Mg in stabilizing DNA and RNA helices. The tightly bound ion model makes quantitative predictions on how the Na-Mg competition determines helix stability and its helix length-dependence. In addition, the model gives empirical formulas for the thermodynamic parameters as functions of Na/Mg concentrations and helix length. Such formulas can be quite useful for practical applications.
Psychological Aspects of Depression: Toward a Cognitive-Interpersonal Integration

But, by the same token, the acknowledge ment of the complex ways in which love and aggression merge and interact in the couple's life also highlights the mechanism by which love can integrate and neutralise aggression and, under many circumstances, triumph over itâ€•. These statements do sum up the main themes of this book which deals with the unconscious fantasies with their roots in infantile sexuality which permeate a couple's relationship. The most central and important theme is the importance of a couple being able to contain aggression. He also focuses on the tolerance of ambivalence in the battle between love and hate in the couple as well as the relationship of the couple to the surrounding group and culture. It is an extremely wide-ranging book, spanning from a biological perspective to the socio-cultural, and it is interesting to read both personally and professionally. However, as with all Kernberg's writing, it is not easy to read as it is so dense and technical. It is jargon-filled and tends also to be repetitive. There is a lack of detailed case examples despite a number of case anecdotes. I do think, though that it is worth battling through this to reach Kernberg's insight, particularly about our ubiquitous bisexuality and the struggle towards mature sexual love. His discussion of sexual inhibitions and psychopathology, particularly perversion, is very interesting, especially in relation to the lack of integration of aggression in the couple. His writing on triangulations in relation to the couple and others, and the group or in society is also convincing. The section on masochism and teasing, where he describes the interplay between seduction and frustration, had a strong resonance. There is something very important to be understood in this book, but it is also very â€œ¿ teasinglyâ€• hidden behind an over-use of jargon.
Solicited versus Unsolicited Metacognitive Prompts for Fostering Mathematical Problem Solving Using Multimedia

The study examined how student control over metacognitive prompts in a multimedia environment affects students' ability to solve mathematical problems in immediate comprehension tasks using a multimedia program and a delayed-transfer test. It also examined the effect on metacognitive discourse, mental effort, and engagement with multimedia-based tasks. Participants were 90 8th-grade students, randomly assigned to three groups working in pairs: (a) “solicited prompts” group, with free access to multimedia-based metacognitive prompts; (b) “unsolicited prompts” group, consistently and regularly exposed to on-screen metacognitive prompts; and (c) a control group with no multimedia metacognitive prompts. Mixed method analysis showed that of the three groups the unsolicited prompts group had the highest effects in the immediate comprehension tasks (d = 1.23; 1.92 respectively for the solicited prompts group and the control group) and the delayed-transfer problem solving test (d = 0.55; 0.93, respectively). The level of this group's metacognitive discourse was higher, particularly in the planning phase. Group members displayed less cognitive load on the complex tasks and were more engaged in the multimedia activities. In contrast, the solicited prompts group felt they were under a heavier cognitive load than the other two groups. Finding implications and future directions for study are discussed.
Fairness quality: a conceptual model and multiple-item scale for assessing firms’ fairness – an exploratory study

Abstract Scholars suggest that fairness is a precursor to ethical firm behaviour. Existing research suggests that (1) commonly used single-item fairness measures lack reliability and validity, and (2) single-item scales do not contribute to understanding fairness as a multidimensional concept. Using the means-end framework, we develop a measure of fairness quality (FQ) of service experience. We conceptualise, construct, refine and test the FQ scale over multiple stages of data collection. Using the soft-laddering interviewing technique, we initially explore FQ attributes. Subsequently, we design and conduct two surveys to test the FQ measure. The final scale contains 18 items in four dimensions: transparency, associations, moderations and process. The FQ scale demonstrates good psychometric properties, passing all reliability and validity tests. The scale extends existing research on fairness and provides a new conceptualisation of FQ. Marketers are encouraged to manage their FQ systematically to stimulate social and ethical behaviour. We present theoretical and managerial implications, with future research directions.
You Are The One I Want to Communicate With!: Relational Motives Driving Audience-Tuning Effects on Memory

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect (Higgins & Rholes, 1978). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.
The Brownian Web: Characterization and Convergence

The Brownian Web (BW) is the random network formally consist- ing of the paths of coalescing one-dimensional Brownian motions start- ing from every space-time point in R×R. We extend the earlier work of Arratia and of Toth and Werner by providing characterization and convergence results for the BW distribution, including convergence of the system of all coalescing random walks to the BW under diffusive space-time scaling. We also provide characterization and convergence results for the Double Brownian Web, which combines the BW with its dual process of coalescing Brownian motions moving backwards in time, with forward and backward paths "reflecting" off each other. For the BW, deterministic space-time points are almost surely of "type" (0,1) — zero paths into the point from the past and exactly one path out of the point to the future; we determine the Hausdorff dimension for all types that actually occur: dimension 2 for type (0,1), 3/2 for (1,1) and (0,2), 1 for (1,2), and 0 for (2,1) and (0,3).
Making Your Home a Shelter: Electronic Monitoring and Victim Re-entry in Domestic Violence Cases

The development of bilateral electronic monitoring (BEM) exemplifies how shifts in the "culture of control" (Garland, 2001), including a focus on domestic violence (DV) victims' emotional welfare and integration into proceedings, can alter abused partners' everyday lives. As a protective strategy, BEM provides DV victims with an alternative to relocating to a shelter. The subjective sense of safety engendered by program involvement emerges gradually, as everyday environments are re-evaluated in light of an estranged partner's absence; through social interactions with family members, friends, and justice agents; and as the understanding of what it means to be "protected" develops. The use of BEM technology to promote victim welfare rather than as a strictly evidentiary tool suggests that this expression of the new paradigm of justice is oriented toward victim re-entry into civil society.
Cell Membrane is a More Sensitive Target than Cytoplasm to Dense Ionization Produced by Auger Electrons

Abstract Pouget, J-P., Santoro, L. , Raymond, L. , Chouin, N. , Bardiès, M. , Bascoul-Mollevi, C. , Huguet, H. , Azria, D. , Kotzki, P-O. , Pè legrin, M. , Vivès, E. and Pèlegrin, A. Cell Membrane is a More Sensitive Target than Cytoplasm to Dense Ionization Produced by Auger Electrons. Radiat. Res. 170, 192–200 (2008). To improve radioimmunotherapy with Auger electron emitters, we assessed whether the biological efficiency of 125I varied according to its localization. A-431 and SK-OV-3 carcinoma cells were incubated with increasing activities (0–4 MBq/ml) of 125I-labeled vectors targeting the cell membrane, the cytoplasm or the nucleus. We then measured cell survival by clonogenic assay and the mean radiation dose to the nucleus by assessing the cellular medical internal radiation dose (MIRD). The relationship between survival and the radiation dose delivered was investigated with a linear mixed regression model. For each cell line, we obtained dose–response curves for the three targets and the reference values (i.e., the dose leading to 75, 50 or 37% survival). When cell survival was expressed as a function of the total cumulative decays, nuclear 125I disintegrations were more harmful than disintegrations in the cytoplasm or at the cell membrane. However, when survival was expressed as a function of the mean radiation dose to the nucleus, toxicity was significantly higher when 125I was targeted to the cell membrane than to the cytoplasm. These findings indicate that the membrane is a more sensitive target than the cytoplasm for the dense ionization produced by Auger electrons. Moreover, cell membrane targeting is as cytotoxic as nuclear targeting in SK-OV-3 cells. We suggest that targeting the membrane rather than the cytoplasm may contribute to the development of more efficient radioimmunotherapies based on Auger electron radiation, also because most of the available vectors are directed against cell surface antigens.
Testing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems with a serious-game-based human factors analysis suite

The development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is rapidly growing. However, most of the ADAS require field test, which is expensive, unpredictable and time consuming. In this paper we propose a multiagent-based driving simulator which integrates a human factor analysis suite and enables rapid and low-cost experimentation of mobile-device ADAS. Our architecture uses a microscopic simulator and a serious-game-based driving simulator. The latter allows the user to control a vehicle and change the correspondent simulation state in the microscopic simulator. The driving simulator also connects to an Android device and sends several kinds of data, such as current GPS coordinates or transportation network data. One important feature of this architecture is its suitability to serve as an appropriate means to conduct behaviour elicitation through peer-designed agents, so as to improve modelling of various driving styles accounting for different aspects of preferences and perception abilities, as well as other performance measures related to drivers' interaction with ADAS solutions. The potentials of our approach to aid experiments in human factor analysis are still to be tested, but are undoubtedly huge and encouraging.