Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Space charge injection in LLDPE from electrode influenced by the interface state of material

In this paper, four kinds of materials (EVA with carbon black particle doped, Al, Cu and Au) were separately used as the electrode material with LLDPE sample in the space charge injection experiment. The results showed that samples with EVA electrode had larger amount of injection than the samples with metal electrodes. It's also found that metal electrode with larger work function would lead to smaller charge injection amount. In order to investigate the difference between EVA and the metal electrode except for their work function, a mode was built from the aspect of micro-structure of them. In this mode, the metal electrode was built with closed piled sphere, the diameter of the sphere is 4nm, and the EVA was composed of loose piled sphere with diameter of 40nm which was equal to the size of carbon particle in EVA. By the analysis of finite element, it's found that spheres in the EVA had larger local electric field and high electrical field region than the ones in the metal, so it's easier for the charge to be injected into the sample in EVA material with carbon black doped.
Incubation Temperature during Fetal Development Influences Morphophysiological Characteristics and Preferred Ambient Temperature of Chicken Hatchlings

Skin and feather characteristics, which play a critical role in body temperature maintenance, can be affected by incubation circumstances, such as incubation temperature. However, no study to date has assessed the influence of incubation temperature during the fetal stage on morphometric characteristics and vascular development of the skin, feather characteristics, and their relationship to hormone levels and preferred temperature in later life in chickens. Broiler breeder eggs were exposed to low (36°C), control (37.5°C), or high (39°C) temperatures (treatments LT, CK, and HT, respectively) from day 13 of incubation onward, because it is known that the endocrine axes are already established at this time. During this period, eggshell temperature of HT eggs (38.8±0.33°C) was higher than of LT (37.4±0.08°C) and CK eggs (37.8 ±0.15°C). The difference between eggshell and incubator air temperature diminished with the increasing incubation temperature, and was approximately zero for HT. HT hatchlings had higher surface temperature on the head, neck, and back, and thinner and more vascularized skin than did CK and LT hatchlings. No differences were found among treatments for body weight, total feather weight, number and length of barbs, barbule length, and plasma T4 concentration. LT hatchlings showed lower plasma T3 and GH, as well as lower T3/T4 ratio and decreased vascularity in the neck, back, and thigh skin compared to CK hatchlings. On the other hand, HT hatchlings had decreased skin thickness and increased vascularity, and preferred a higher ambient temperature compared to CK and HT hatchlings. In addition, for all treatments, surface temperature on the head was higher than of the other body regions. We conclude that changes in skin thickness and vascularity, as well as changes in thyroid and growth hormone levels, are the result of embryonic strategies to cope with higher or lower than normal incubation temperatures. Additionally exposure to increased temperature during incubation is an environmental factor that can exert early-life influence on ambient temperature preference of broiler hatchlings in later life.
Understanding the Nature of the Risks and the Source of the Rewards to Momentum Investing

A vaulted membrane structure that has a series of substantially curved vertical arches that can be arranged in a modular construction to support a flexible membrane that is attached to the arches and tensioned between them in a formed inward depression to minimize vibration and flutter and to increase its ability to withstand heavy live loads such as snow or pulsating loads created by high winds.
An Analysis of the Potential Impact of Climate Change on Dengue Transmission in the Southeastern United States

Background: Dengue fever, caused by a mosquito-transmitted virus, is an increasing health concern in the Americas. Meteorological variables such as temperature and precipitation can affect disease distribution and abundance through biophysical impacts on the vector and on the virus. Such tightly coupled links may facilitate further spread of dengue fever under a changing climate. In the southeastern United States, the dengue vector is widely established and exists on the current fringe of dengue transmission. Objectives: We assessed projected climate change–driven shifts in dengue transmission risk in this region. Methods: We used a dynamic mosquito population and virus transmission model driven by meteorological data to simulate Aedes aegypti populations and dengue cases in 23 locations in the southeastern United States under current climate conditions and future climate projections. We compared estimates for each location with simulations based on observed data from San Juan, Puerto Rico, where dengue is endemic. Results: Our simulations based on current climate data suggest that dengue transmission at levels similar to those in San Juan is possible at several U.S. locations during the summer months, particularly in southern Florida and Texas. Simulations that include climate change projections suggest that conditions may become suitable for virus transmission in a larger number of locations and for a longer period of time during each year. However, in contrast with San Juan, U.S. locations would not sustain year-round dengue transmission according to our model. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Dengue virus (DENV) transmission is limited by low winter temperatures in the mainland United States, which are likely to prevent its permanent establishment. Although future climate conditions may increase the length of the mosquito season in many locations, projected increases in dengue transmission are limited to the southernmost locations. Citation: Butterworth MK, Morin CW, Comrie AC. 2017. An analysis of the potential impact of climate change on dengue transmission in the southeastern United States. Environ Health Perspect 125:579–585; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/EHP218
High-Throughput Screening of Human Leukemia Xenografts to Identify Dexamethasone Sensitizers

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. Glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone) form a critical component of chemotherapy regimens for pediatric ALL, and the initial response to glucocorticoid therapy is a major prognostic factor, where resistance is predictive of poor outcome. We have previously established a clinically relevant ALL xenograft model, consisting of primary pediatric ALL biopsies engrafted into immune-deficient mice, in which in vitro and in vivo dexamethasone sensitivity significantly correlated with patient outcome. In this study, we used high-throughput screening (HTS) to identify novel compounds that reverse dexamethasone resistance in a xenograft (ALL-19) derived from a chemoresistant pediatric ALL patient that is representative of the most common pediatric ALL subtype (B-cell precursor [BCP-ALL]). The compound 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methyl-N-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)propanamide showed little cytotoxic activity alone (IC50 = 31 µM), but when combined with dexamethasone, it caused a marked decrease in cell viability. Fixed-ratio combination assays were performed against a broad panel of dexamethasone-resistant and -sensitive xenografts representative of BCP-ALL, T-cell ALL, and Mixed Lineage Leukemia–rearranged ALL, and synergy was observed in six of seven xenografts. We describe here the development of a novel 384-well cell-based high-throughput screening assay for identifying potential dexamethasone sensitizers using a clinically relevant ALL xenograft model.
A topographic map of sensory cell terminal arborizations in the cricket CNS: Correlation with birthday and position in a sensory array

The development of a group of club‐shaped sensilla called clavate hairs, located on the cerci of the cricket (Acheta domesticus), was examined morphologically. The clavate hairs are located on the base of the cercus and are thought to inform the animal of its orientation with respect to gravity. There are two groups of clavate hairs distinguished from one another by the orientation of their sockets: a dorso‐medial group whose sockets are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the cercus and a ventro‐medial group inclined 45–60° away from the perpendicular. The ventro‐medial group consists of a series of rows of sensilla running parallel to the long axis of the cercus.
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Cyclones in Southeast China

Southeast China is frequently hit by tropical cyclones (TCs) with significant economic and health burdens each year. However, there is a lack of understanding of what infectious diseases could be affected by tropical cyclones. This study aimed to examine the impacts of tropical cyclones on notifiable infectious diseases in southeast China. Disease data between 2005 and 2011 from four coastal provinces in southeast China, including Guangdong, Hainan, Zhejiang, and Fujian province, were collected. Numbers of cases of 14 infectious diseases were compared between risk periods and reference periods for each tropical cyclone. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated to estimate the risks. TCs were more likely to increase the risk of bacillary dysentery, paratyphoid fever, dengue fever and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (ps < 0.05) than to decrease the risk, more likely to decrease the risk of measles, mumps, varicella and vivax malaria (ps < 0.05) than to increase the risk. In conclusion, TCs have mixed effects on the risk of infectious diseases. TCs are more likely to increase the risk of intestinal and contact transmitted infectious diseases than to decrease the risk, and more likely to decrease the risk of respiratory infectious diseases than to increase the risk. Findings of this study would assist in developing public health strategies and interventions for the reduction of the adverse health impacts from tropical cyclones.
Learning from Unscripted Deictic Gesture and Language for Human-Robot Interactions

As robots become more ubiquitous, it is increasingly important for untrained users to be able to interact with them intuitively. In this work, we investigate how people refer to objects in the world during relatively unstructured communication with robots. We collect a corpus of deictic interactions from users describing objects, which we use to train language and gesture models that allow our robot to determine what objects are being indicated. We introduce a temporal extension to state-of-the-art hierarchical matching pursuit features to support gesture understanding, and demonstrate that combining multiple communication modalities more effectively captures user intent than relying on a single type of input. Finally, we present initial interactions with a robot that uses the learned models to follow commands while continuing to learn from user input.
An FMCW radar sensor for human gesture recognition in the presence of multiple targets

Hand gesture recognition is an emerging application of portable radar sensors. Most of existing works rely on Doppler-radar sensors for non-contact detection of hand motions. However, Doppler-radar-based hand gesture recognition utilizes only the Doppler effect to extract motion features, which imposes a stringent requirement that only one motion is in the field of view of the sensor, leading to limitations in practical applications. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using an FMCW radar sensor with range-Doppler processing to recognize human gestures when multiple moving subjects are present in the sensor's field of view. A custom-designed portable 5.8-GHz FMCW radar is used. By using range-Doppler processing in the range-Doppler domain, experimental results enable to verify the effectiveness of the proposed radar sensor in hand gesture identification with the existence of interferences from surrounding moving targets.
Imagery use in fencing

Imagery Use in Fencing Jason M. Boron The purposes of this study were to: (1) evaluate the motivational and cognitive components of imagery use among fencers, and (2) to determine if these motivational and cognitive components and the use of imagery among fencers is a function of skill level, experience, primary weapon, gender, or handedness. A survey containing the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ), Imagery Use Questionnaire (IUQ), and a brief demographic questionnaire were distributed to 132 male and 116 female fencers competing in the United States Fencing Association’s 2000 Summer Nationals in Austin, TX. Psychometric characteristics of the SIQ were calculated and indicated that most items measured the predicted factors. The data from the SIQ were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results indicated that, regardless of the individual difference variable analyzed, fencers did not differ in motivational and cognitive components of imagery use. Additionally, trends in the IUQ scores were noted. iii Table of
Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis 1

William Lang was one of the many distinguished clinicians who was instrumental in the development of Moorfields Eye Hospital as a world renowned centre for patient care, physician training and eye research. He had a particular interest in uveitis and its relationship to infections, and I wish to think that he might have been interested in the topic of my presentation. This communication reports the clinical, fluorescein angiographic and electrophysiologic features of a distinct clinical syndrome in which only one eye of a healthy child or young adult is affected. Features of the syndrome include: (I) insidious, usually severe loss of peripheral and central vision; (2) vitritis ; (3) diffuse and focal pigment epithelial derangement with relative sparing of the macula; (4) narrowing of the retinal vessels; (5) optic atrophy; (6) increased retinal circulation time; (7) subnormal electroretinographic findings (Figure I). For a period of eleven years, in the absence of information concerning the early stages or cause of this disease, we categorized these patients as the 'unilateral retinal wipeout syndrome. ' Only during the past two years have we become aware of the features of the early stages of this disease. These include vitritis, mild optic nerve head oedema, multifocal areas of active chorioretinitis and occasionally, iridocyclitis. This disease runs a subacute or chronic course and is usually detected initially during the late stage of its development. Evidence is presented that this disease may be a viral inflammation affecting primarily the retina, pigment epithelium and optic nerve head.
Identification of a Methyltransferase from Mycobacterium smegmatis Involved in Glycopeptidolipid Synthesis*

Glycopeptidolipids (GPLs) are major components of the cell walls of several species of mycobacteria. We have isolated a transposon mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis that is unable to synthesize mature GPLs and that displays a rough colony morphology. The disrupted gene, mtf1, shares a high degree of homology with severalS-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases. The enzyme encoded by mtf1 is required for the methylation of a single rhamnose residue that forms part of the conserved GPL core structure. This conclusion is supported by the finding that (a) the mutant synthesized only GPLs with undermethylated (either mono- or nonmethylated instead of di- or trimethylated) rhamnose residues; (b) complementation of the mutant with a wild-type copy of mtf1 restored high levels of synthesis of GPLs containing di- and trimethylated rhamnose; and (c)S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methylation of rhamnosylated GPLs could be detected in cell lysates of wild-type cells and mtf1-complemented mutant cells, but not in mutant cells lacking intact mtf1. Structural analysis of wild-type and mutant GPLs suggests that disruption of mtf1 specifically inhibits addition of O-methyl groups to the 3 (or 2)-position of the rhamnose. In the absence of 3-O-methylation, further methylation of GPL rhamnose is apparently inhibited, and overall GPL synthesis is down-regulated by 90%.
Handbook of Work Group Psychology

The psychology of groups is a central concern in social and organizational psychology, with a vast literature of research on how groups form, processes within groups, and how these processes are influenced by the structure, environment and aim of the group. This volume provides a critical and up-to-date overview of key areas of group psychology in the context of organizational and work groups. The handbook may be used as a reference for information on concepts, research and applications of group psychology at work.
National Estimates and Factors Associated With Medication Treatment for Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVE. In this study we identified child and family-level characteristics that were associated with medication treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using nationally representative survey data. METHODS. National Survey of Children's Health data from 79264 youth 4 to 17 years of age were used. Data were weighted to adjust for the complex survey design of the National Survey of Children's Health. Gender-specific logistic regression models were generated to identify child and family-level characteristics that were collectively associated with current medication status among youth with a reported diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. RESULTS. Nationally, 7.8% of youth aged 4 to 17 years had a reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis, and 4.3% had both a disorder diagnosis and were currently taking medication for the disorder. Current medication treatment among youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was associated with white race, younger age, English spoken in the home, health care coverage, a health care contact within the last year, and reported psychological difficulties. Gender-specific logistic regression models revealed that, together, younger age, higher income, health care coverage, having psychological difficulties, and a health care contact in the past year were associated with medication use among boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Among girls with the disorder, younger age, psychological difficulties, fair-to-poor paternal mental health status, and a health care contact within the last year were collectively associated with current medication use. CONCLUSIONS. Regardless of gender, younger age, the presence of psychological difficulties, and a recent health care contact were significantly associated with medication treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. However, additional health care access and income variables among boys and paternal mental health status among girls represented gender-specific factors that were also associated with medication treatment for the disorder. Future studies should characterize how and when the burden associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder leads to treatment, support, or services for this prevalent and impairing neurobehavioral disorder.
Depression and learned helplessness in man.

Similarity of impairment in naturally occurring depression and laboratory-induced, learned helplessness was demonstrated in college students. Three groups each of depressed and nondepressed students were exposed to escapable, inescapable, or no noise. Then they were tested on a series of 20 patterned anagrams. Depressed no noise subjects were much poorer at solving individual anagrams and seeing the pattern than aondepressed no noise subjects. Inescapable noise produced parallel deficits in nondepressed subjects relative to escapable or no noise, but inescapable noise did not increase impairment in depressed subjects. These findings support the learned helplessness model of depression, which claims that a belief in independence between responding and reinforcement is central to the etiology, symptoms, and cure of reactive depression.
Signal sequence-dependent function of the TRAM protein during early phases of protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Cotranslational translocation of proteins across the mammalian ER membrane involves, in addition to the signal recognition particle receptor and the Sec61p complex, the translocating chain-associating membrane (TRAM) protein, the function of which is still poorly understood. Using reconstituted proteoliposomes, we show here that the translocation of most, but not all, secretory proteins requires the function of TRAM. Experiments with hybrid proteins demonstrate that the structure of the signal sequence determines whether or not TRAM is needed. Features that distinguish TRAM-dependent and -independent signal sequences include the length of their charged, NH2-terminal region and the structure of their hydrophobic core. In cases where TRAM is required for translocation, it is not needed for the initial interaction of the ribosome/nascent chain complex with the ER membrane but for a subsequent step inside the membrane in which the nascent chain is inserted into the translocation site in a protease-resistant manner. Thus, TRAM functions in a signal sequence-dependent manner at a critical, early phase of the translocation process.
Measuring Reporting Conservatism Using the Dichev-Tang (2008) Model

This paper provides a critical evaluation of an alternative measure of reporting conservatism introduced by Dichev and Tang (2008). Although there is substantial interest in research on accounting conservatism, there is no consensus among researchers on the most appropriate measure of conservatism in empirical studies. Dichev and Tang (2008) introduce a new measure of conservatism, which they believe to be a 'natural and practical measure of conservatism (p. 1441). ' However, the econometric properties of this measure have not been fully evaluated, and previous studies have not provided evidence of this measure’s construct validity. Based on a parsimonious model of conservatism, I find that the Dichev and Tang (2008) measure is increasing in the conservatism parameter. However, although this measure produces well-specified test statistics that generate Type 1 errors according to researchers’ specifications, it generates tests of low power that lead to relatively high Type 2 errors. Next, I use actual data to provide evidence consistent with the construct validity of this measure. Finally, I suggest an alternative measure by using the reverse regression specification of the Dichev and Tang (2008) model. Results from simulations suggest that this alternative measure is feasible and is slightly superior to the Dichev and Tang (2008) measure in terms of test power.