Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penicillin Allergy: Value of Including Amoxicillin as a Determinant in Penicillin Skin Testing

Background: Allergy to penicillins remains an important issue. Penicillin skin testing (PST) with major and minor determinants has been shown to be a highly valuable tool for identifying IgE-mediated penicillin allergy. The value of additional testing with side-chain-specific moieties from semisynthetic penicillins such as amoxicillin is not well-established in spite of the widespread use of these medications. Methods: A retrospective review of all consecutive inpatient PST results from 1995 to 2007 comprising 1,068 patients was performed in our institution on individuals with a self-reported history of beta-lactam allergy to assess the importance of including the amoxicillin determinant in a previously validated PST panel. Descriptive statistics were performed. The PST panel included penicilloyl-polylysine, penicillin G, penicilloate, penilloate and amoxicillin. Results: Of 1,068 patients, 243 (23%) had a positive skin test reaction on the PST panel. Testing with amoxicillin was positive in 30.9% of patients, the majority of whom (81%) were also positive to 1 or more standard penicillin reagents. Fourteen of the 243 positive patients (5.8%) had a positive skin test reaction only to amoxicillin. Additionally, the use of penicilloate and penilloate minor determinants in combination with penicillin G identified a greater percentage of penicillin-allergic individuals compared to using only penicillin G (22.6 vs. 6.6%), demonstrating their importance in the PST panel. Conclusions: These data indicate that the inclusion of the amoxicillin determinant appears to identify a small but important group of allergic individuals who may otherwise test negative on a PST panel.
Action Potential Bursting in Subicular Pyramidal Neurons Is Driven by a Calcium Tail Current

Subiculum is the primary output area of the hippocampus and serves as a key relay center in the process of memory formation and retrieval. A majority of subicular pyramidal neurons communicate via bursts of action potentials, a mode of signaling that may enhance the fidelity of information transfer and synaptic plasticity or contribute to epilepsy when unchecked. In the present study, we show that a Ca2+ tail current drives bursting in subicular pyramidal neurons. An action potential activates voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, which deactivate slowly enough during action potential repolarization to produce an afterdepolarization that triggers subsequent action potentials in the burst. The Ca2+ channels underlying bursting are located primarily near the soma, and the amplitude of Ca2+tail currents correlates with the strength of bursting across cells. Multiple channel subtypes contribute to Ca2+ tail current, but the need for an action potential to produce the slow depolarization suggests a central role for high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels in subicular neuron bursting.
The effects of language on children's intertemporal choices

The ability of children to control the desire for immediate gratification is very important to achieve long-term beneficial goals (such as higher education or better health conditions). We show that the language children speak is significantly related to their ability to wait in a simple, incentivized experiment. We are thus providing controlled evidence for a recently developed linguistic-savings hypothesis, stating that languages which grammatically separate the future and the present (like English or Italian) induce less future-oriented behavior than languages in which speakers can refer to the future by using present tense (like German). In our unique experiment, we let practically all primary school children, aged 6 to 11 years, in a bilingual city in Northern Italy make intertemporal choices. We find that German-speaking children are about 46% more likely than Italian-speaking children to wait for a larger reward in the future. Controlling for several factors, including IQ or family background, the difference between Germanand Italian-speaking children remains highly significant. Furthermore we provide survey evidence that this effect is unlikely to be driven by difference in cultural attitudes towards patience. Interestingly, language is not related to another important domain of economic decision making, risk taking, which is often associated with intertemporal preferences. Controlling for risk taking, the relation between language and patience persists. JEL-Code: C91, D03, D90
Dielectric response of CaCu3Ti4O12 materials

The dielectric properties and its variation of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) materials induced by the process conditions are reviewed in this paper. On the basis of heterogeneous microstructure in ceramics and single crystal, the extrinsic Maxwell-Wagner polarization mechanism of internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC) model is discussed adequately. According to the especial crystal structure and atomic structure, possible grain semiconducting mechanism is proposed. At the end of the paper, theoretical problems in CCTO material, Maxwell-Wagner polarization and dielectric spectroscopy analysis are analyzed.
Improved two‐dimensional J‐resolved spectroscopy

Localised two‐dimensional J‐resolved spectroscopy (JPRESS) is optimised for the in vivo detection of J‐coupled metabolites using magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T. The acquisition of echo signals starts as early as possible (i.e. maximum‐echo sampling). This sampling scheme increases sensitivity and decreases overlap of peak tails, hence alleviating baseline problems. Reconstruction issues are discussed and the sensitivity is compared analytically with that of 1D PRESS. The qualitative behaviour of eddy currents in JPRESS is outlined and a 2D eddy current correction procedure based on the 1D phase deconvolution method is proposed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seeing through a teacher’s eyes improves students’ imaging interpretation

Because the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an acceptable and commonly used method of assessing clinical performance, we designed this study to examine whether narrative medicine training can enhance clinical performance as measured by an OSCE. What was tried? We designed a quasi-experimental study using a cohort of 116 interns that was carried out at National Taiwan University Hospital between 1 June 2010 and 31 May 2011. We invited a random sample of 22 interns to participate in a narrative medicine training course. Because of their work schedules, only 15 interns were able to join the course in April 2011. These interns formed the case group. We offered the training course twice and seven or eight interns attended each time. After a short introduction to narrative medicine, students wrote narratives describing a memorable experience in patient–doctor communication. Volunteers then shared and discussed their narratives with the group. A sample of 39 interns without narrative training were selected from the cohort as the control group. Members of the control group were matched to case group members by age, gender and academic performance. Graduation-qualifying OSCEs with 12 stations were held on 7 and 8 May 2011 for all interns. The OSCE stations included two history-taking stations, two physical examination stations, two communication stations, two clinical decision-making stations, and four procedural skill stations. We performed independent t-tests to analyse the OSCE scores of the case and control groups using SPSS Version 19.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Two-tailed p-values of < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. The case group performed significantly better than the control group on the two stations focused on communication (mean scores: 78.96 versus 73.01; p = 0.03). There was no significant difference between the groups on the 12-station total score (mean total scores: 883.83 [case group] versus 858.69 [control group]; p = 0.24). What lessons were learned? Our study attempted to advance the evaluation of narrative medicine training from the lower levels of Kirkpatrick’s framework (reaction and learning) to a higher level (behavioural change). Although there was no significant difference between the case and control groups in total OSCE scores, our findings showed that students with narrative medicine training performed better on communication stations. Based on these promising results, we plan to expand narrative medicine training to include more sessions, themes, students and clinicians. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of narrative medicine training on the health care system and patient outcomes.
Brief cognitive assessment in schizophrenia.

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, and has been found to be associated with an individual's ability to function independently in the community. This thesis will being by reviewing the existing literature in this area. This will cover general features of the cognitive impairment that is associated with schizophrenia, as well as the three-way relationship between cognitive impairment, ability to function in the community and psychotic symptomatology. Because of the role that cognitive deficits have been found to play in determining an individuals functional outcome, it will be argued that these deficits need to be routinely assessed for all patients with schizophrenia. The empirical paper describes a study that involved looking at the relationship between performance on a brief measure of cognitive functioning, the Brief Cognitive Assessment (BCA) (Velligan et al., 2004), and ability to function in the community in a sample of patients with schizophrenia. The use of the BCA as a measure of cognitive impairment in this population was explored, and contributions of both symptoms and cognitive deficits to functional outcome were investigated. In the final part of this thesis, the critical review, the importance of routine cognitive assessment for individuals with schizophrenia will be restated, based on the findings of the literature review and the empirical study. This section will include a personal reflection on the experience of both the research process and the use of the BCA with this population, and a summary of the strengths and weakness of this measure.
[Investigating Demodex folliculorum in patients with urological cancer].

OBJECTIVE In this study, it was aimed to determine frequency of Demodex folliculorum infestation in patients with urological cancers. METHODS This study evaluated 49 patients with urological cancers; 31 sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study between March 2011 and April 2012 at the Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University, School of Medicine, Urology Clinic. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. Samples from the perineal region of the subjects were taken by standard method of superficial skin biopsy and evaluated by microscopy. Presence of five or more Demodex sp. in a cm < sup > 2 < /sup > was considered as positive. RESULTS Mean age was found to be 60.2±18.6 years. D. folliculorum was found to be positive in 11 (22.4%) of the patients with cancer and in 1 (3.2%) of the subjects in the control group. It was found that D. folliculorum frequency was significantly higher in the cancer group compared to the control group. No significant difference was found among the cancer groups in terms of D. folliculorum detection. In the cancer group, mean age was significantly higher in D. folliculorum positive patients than negative ones. CONCLUSION It should be kept in mind that D. folliculorum incidence may increase in immunosuppressive states, such as cancer.
Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Activity of Citrus limetta Fruit Peel in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

The present paper aims to evaluate antihyperglycemic activity of methanol extract of Citrus limetta fruit peel (MECL) in streptozotocin-induced (STZ; 65 mg/kg b.w.) diabetic rats. Three days after STZ induction, diabetic rats received MECL orally at 200 and 400 mg kg−1 body weight daily for 15 days. Glibenclamide (0.5 mg kg−1 p. o.) was used as reference drug. Blood glucose levels were measured on 0th, 4th, 8th, and 15th days of study. Serum biochemical parameters namely, SGOT, SGPT and ALP were estimated. The TBARS and GSH levels of pancreas, kidney, and liver were determined. MECL significantly (P < 0.001) and dose dependently normalized blood glucose levels and serum biochemical parameters, decreased lipid peroxidation, and recovered GSH as compared to those of STZ control. The present paper infers that in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats, C. limetta fruit peel demonstrated a potential antihyperglycemic effect which may be attributed to its antioxidant property.
Relative Risk of Various Head and Neck Cancers among Different Blood Groups: An Analytical Study.

BACKGROUND Cancer is a unique disease characterized by abnormal growth of cells which have the ability to invade the adjacent tissues and sometimes even distant organs. The limited and contrasting evidence regarding the association of ABO blood groups with the different types of head and neck cancers in the Indian population warrants the need for the present study. AIM AND OBJECTIVE To assess the relative risk of various Head & Neck cancers among different blood groups. MATERIALS AND METHOD Three hundred sixty two diagnosed cases of different type of head and neck cancers and 400 controls were selected from four hospitals of New Delhi, India. The information regarding the type of head and neck cancer was obtained from the case sheets of the patients regarding their socio demographic profile, dietary history using a structured performa. The information regarding type of cancer (cases only), ABO blood group was collected. Statistical Tests: The data was analysed using the SPSS 19 version. Chi square test and odd ratios were calculated. The level of significance was fixed at 5%. RESULTS The O blood group was found to be most prevalent followed by B, A and AB among the cases as well as the controls. Oral cancer patients showed maximum number in blood group O followed by B, A and AB. Significant pattern of distribution was seen among the patients of esophageal cancer, laryngeal cancer and salivary gland cancer as well (p= 0.003, p=0.000 p=0.112 respectively. CONCLUSION The present study reveals that there is an inherited element in the susceptibility or protection against different types of head and neck cancers. Blood group A was found to be a potential risk factor for the development of oral cancers, esophageal cancers and salivary gland cancers while blood group B was found to be a potential risk factor for laryngeal cancers.
CDK-mediated activation of the SCFFBXO28 ubiquitin ligase promotes MYC-driven transcription and tumourigenesis and predicts poor survival in breast cancer

SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F‐box) ubiquitin ligases act as master regulators of cellular homeostasis by targeting key proteins for ubiquitylation. Here, we identified a hitherto uncharacterized F‐box protein, FBXO28 that controls MYC‐dependent transcription by non‐proteolytic ubiquitylation. SCFFBXO28 activity and stability are regulated during the cell cycle by CDK1/2‐mediated phosphorylation of FBXO28, which is required for its efficient ubiquitylation of MYC and downsteam enhancement of the MYC pathway. Depletion of FBXO28 or overexpression of an F‐box mutant unable to support MYC ubiquitylation results in an impairment of MYC‐driven transcription, transformation and tumourigenesis. Finally, in human breast cancer, high FBXO28 expression and phosphorylation are strong and independent predictors of poor outcome. In conclusion, our data suggest that SCFFBXO28 plays an important role in transmitting CDK activity to MYC function during the cell cycle, emphasizing the CDK‐FBXO28‐MYC axis as a potential molecular drug target in MYC‐driven cancers, including breast cancer.
Oxidative Stress Markers in Prostate Cancer Patients after HDR Brachytherapy Combined with External Beam Radiation

Assessment of oxidative stress markers was perfomed in prostate cancer (PCa) patients subjected to high-dose brachytherapy (HDR) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Sixty men with PCa were subjected to combined two-fraction treatment with HDR (tot. 20 Gy) and EBRT (46 Gy). Blood samples were taken before treatment, immediately afterwards, after 1.5–3 months, and approx. 2 years. Control group consisted of 30 healthy men. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in the patients was lower than in healthy subjects by 34% (P < 0.001), 50% (P < 0.001), 30% (P < 0.05), and 61% (P < 0.001), respectively, at all periods. No significant differences were found by comparing superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in PCa patients with that of the controls. After 2 years of the end of treatment, the activity of studied enzymes demonstrated a decreasing tendency versus before therapy. Blood plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration was higher than in the controls at all periods, while erythrocyte TBARS decreased after 2 years to control levels. The results confirm that in the course of PCa, imbalance of oxidant-antioxidant processes occurs. The therapy did not alter the levels of oxidative stress markers, which may prove its applicability. Two years is too short a period to restore the oxidant-antioxidant balance.
Teacher and Principal Perceptions of Authentic Leadership: Implications for Trust, Engagement, and Intention to Return

The focus of this study was to explore the relationships between the authentic leadership of building principals and the trust, engagement, and intention to return of their teaching staffs. School principals (n = 28) and their teaching staffs (n = 633) were surveyed. Teacher trust and engagement were found to be significantly related to principal authenticity. When schools were partitioned along a continuum of principal-teacher agreement about authenticity, the schools whose principals had lower ratings than their teachers had significantly more teacher trust and engagement, and their teachers expressed significantly greater intention to return. Results are discussed concerning implications for future research and improvement of practice.
The SAGE Handbook of Risk Communication

Acknowledgments Introduction: Explicating Communication in Risk Communication - Hyunyi Cho, Torsten Reimer, and Katherine A. McComas Part I: Foundations of Risk Communication Section 1: Risk Perceptions of Individuals Chapter 1: Risk Perception - Nicolai Bodemer and Wolfgang Gaissmaier Chapter 2: The Challenge of the Description-Experience Gap to the Communication of Risks - Ralph Hertwig and Renato Frey Chapter 3: The Feeling of Risk: Implications for Risk Perception and Communication - Stephan Dickert, Daniel Vastfjall, Robert Mauro, and Paul Slovic Section 2: Risk as Social Construction Chapter 4: Social Construction of Risk - Adam Burgess Chapter 5: The Role of News Media in the Social Amplification of Risk - Andrew R. Binder, Michael A. Cacciatore, Dietram A. Scheufele, and Dominique Brossard Chapter 6: Rhetoric of Risk - Robin E. Jensen Part II: Components of Risk Communication Section 3: Models of Risk Communication Chapter 7: Risk Information Seeking and Processing Model - Sharon Dunwoody and Robert J. Griffin Chapter 8: The Societal Risk Reduction Motivation Model - Hyunyi Cho and Kai Kuang Section 4: Audiences of Risk Communication Chapter 9: The Role of Numeracy in Risk Communication - Priscila G. Brust-Renck, Valerie F. Reyna, Jonathan C. Corbin, Caisa E. Royer, and Rebecca B. Weldon Chapter 10: Edgework and Risk Communication - Stephen Lyng, Thomas Workman, and G. H. Morris Section 5: Risk Communication Messages Chapter 11: Numeric Communication of Risk - Torsten Reimer, Christina Jones, and Christine Skubisz Chapter 12: Narrative Communication of Risk: Toward Balancing Accuracy and Acceptance - Hyunyi Cho and L. Brooke Friley Chapter 13: Visual Messaging and Risk Communication - Andrew J. King Section 6: Risk Communication and the Media Chapter 14: Media Portrayal of Risk: The Social Production of News - Susanna Priest Chapter 15: Framing, the Media, and Risk Communication in Policy Debates - Matthew C. Nisbet Chapter 16: Social Media and Risk Communication - Stephen A. Rains, Steven R. Brunner, and Kyle Oman Part III: Contexts of Risk Communication Section 7: Interpersonal Contexts of Risk Communication Chapter 17: Risk Communication in Provider-Patient Interactions - Carma L. Bylund, Erin Maloney, and Emily B. Peterson Chapter 18: Informed Consent - Janet Yang Section 8: Organizational Contexts of Risk Communication Chapter 19: Risk Communication in Groups - Tillman Russell and Torsten Reimer Chapter 20: Crisis Communication - Timothy L. Sellnow Section 9: Risk Communication in the Public Sphere Chapter 21: Social Movements and Risk Communication - Hilary Schaffer Boudet and Shannon Elizabeth Bell Chapter 22: Public Engagement in Risk-Related Decision Making - John C. Besley Glossary Author Index Subject Index About the Editors About the Contributors
Gossiping Behavior on Social Networking Sites: Does Gender Matter?

This study examines how gender affects online gossip on social networking sites. Based on gender theories and agency-communion theory, it is posited that achievement value, friendship value, and normative pressure differ according to gender (female vs. male), the level of propensity to gossip (high vs. low), and the interaction between the two. An experimental survey is conducted with 809 general consumers. Between-subjects multivariate analysis of covariance reveals that gender has an impact only on friendship value, whereas propensity to gossip affects achievement value and normative pressure. No interaction effects are observed. However, a subsequent analysis of covariance finds an interaction between gender and propensity to gossip through electronic word-of-mouth for a high-involvement product. In closing, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed while important limitations are recognized.
Pharmacological influence of nutmeg and nutmeg constituents on rabbit platelet function.

Pharmacological properties of nutmeg components in relation to prostaglandin biosynthesis were investigated. Only the volatile oil contained the active principles. Several batches of oils showed the same anti-aggregating activity on rabbit platelets aggregated with arachidonic acid (AA). The most active products present in nutmeg oil were eugenol and isoeugenol. These aromatic ethers were equipotent to indomethacin. Other active products, in decreasing order of potency, were the aromatic ethers safrole, myristicin and elemicin, the monoterpene hydrocarbon limonene, and the monoterpene alcohols α-terpineol, terpinene-4-ol and linalool. The major monoterpene hydrocarbons including α- and β-pinene and camphene however, which constitute the oil for about 50%, were inactive.