Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pluralistic morality and collective action: The role of moral foundations

Starting from the pluralistic view of morality proposed by the moral foundations theory, this paper aims at highlighting the plurality of personal moral concerns that may drive people to collective action and at investigating how they are connected with other personal and group-based motivations to act (i.e., moral obligation, moral convictions, politicized group identity, group efficacy, and group-based anger). Moral foundations can be distinguished into individualizing foundations, aimed at protecting individual rights and well-being; and binding foundations, aimed at tightening people into ordered communities. We expected that collective action intention would be most strongly associated with an individualizing foundation in equality-focused movements, and with a binding foundation in conformity-focused ones. Four studies that examined activists of both liberal and conservative movements confirmed these expectations. The relevant foundations predicted collective action mainly through the mediation of moral obligation and politicized identity, but they also had some effects above and beyond them.
An Alternative Approach to Spectrum-Based Atherosclerotic Plaque Characterization Techniques Using Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Backscattered Signals

In this paper, the discrete wavelet packet frames are used to delineate the atherosclerotic plaque components using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) backscattered signals. The frames are classified in an unsupervised fashion deploying K-means clustering technique and the generated prognosis histology (PH) images are quantified using relative histology images. While existing tissue characterization algorithms fail to differentiate between blood and plaque signals, the proposed algorithm can be used to estimate the lumen border at higher levels of wavelet expansion. We will demonstrate the in-vitro and invivo tissue characterization as well as lumen border detection results employing 40 MHz rotating unfocused single-element transducers. It is concluded that our two dimensional (2-D) algorithm, which is independent of the cardiac and catheter motions, performs well in both in-vivo and in-vitro cases.
Learning from Leading-Edge Customers at the Sims: Opening Up the Innovation Process Using Toolkits

Recently, toolkits for user innovation and design have been proposed as a promising means of opening up the innovation process to customers. Using these tools, customers can take on problem-solving tasks and design products to fit their individual needs. To date, arguments in favor of this new concept have been limited to the idea of satisfying each user's needs in a highly efficient and valuable way. The aim of this empirical study is to extend our knowledge of how users deal with 'the invitation to innovate' and how attractive individual user designs might be to other users. In studying the users of toolkits for the immensely popular computer game The Sims, we found that (1) users are not 'one-time shoppers' - in fact, their innovative engagement is rather long-lasting, continuous, evolving, and intense. We also found that (2) leading-edge users do not merely content themselves with the official toolkits provided by the manufacturer. They employ user-created tools to push design possibilities even further. (3) Moreover, individual user designs are not only attractive to the creators themselves; instead, certain innovative solutions are in high demand among other users. Based on our findings, we discuss how toolkits and their users might add to the process of innovation in general. We argue that toolkits could serve as a promising market research tool for guiding a firm's new product development efforts. Furthermore, toolkits may serve as a creche for interested but inexperienced users who could evolve into leading-edge users over time. These innovative users might then be integrated into more radical product development efforts.
Heuristic Approach to Understanding the Accumulation Process in Hydrothermal Pores

One of the central questions of humankind is: which chemical and physical conditions are necessary to make life possible? In this “origin-of-life” context, formamide plays an important role, because it has been demonstrated that prebiotic molecules can be synthesized from concentrated formamide solutions. Recently, it could be shown, using finite-element calculations combining thermophoresis and convection processes in hydrothermal pores, that sufficiently high formamide concentrations could be accumulated to form prebiotic molecules (Niether et al. (2016)). Depending on the initial formamide concentration, the aspect ratio of the pores, and the ambient temperature, formamide concentrations up to 85 wt % could be reached. The stationary calculations show an effective accumulation, only if the aspect ratio is above a certain threshold, and the corresponding transient studies display a sudden increase of the accumulation after a certain time. Neither of the observations were explained. In this work, we derive a simple heuristic model, which explains both phenomena. The physical idea of the approach is a comparison of the time to reach the top of the pore with the time to cross from the convective upstream towards the convective downstream. If the time to reach the top of the pore is shorter than the crossing time, the formamide molecules are flushed out of the pore. If the time is long enough, the formamide molecules can reach the downstream and accumulate at the bottom of the pore. Analysing the optimal aspect ratio as function of concentration, we find that, at a weight fraction of w = 0 . 5 , a minimal pore height is required for effective accumulation. At the same concentration, the transient calculations show a maximum of the accumulation rate.
PERAN KEMANDIRIAN DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA SISWA ASRAMA TAHUN PERTAMA SMK KESEHATAN BALI MEDIKA DENPASAR

Personal Adjustment is a process which includes all the individual behavior and mental response in harmonize needs and demands in which it is derived from the inside of individual as well as from the environment. The ability in personal adjustment is needed to help the individual in facing many changes and demands from the environment. Personal adjustment is needed for first-year students in facing the school’s transition, especially for the students who proceed their education in a boarding school. Personal adjustment is affected by the ability in managing the emotion and mental readiness to solve a problem without a help from others. This research is aimed to explore the role of autonomy and emotional intelligence to the personal adjustment in the first-year boarding students. The subjects were 125 boarding students in grade X of SMK Kesehatan Bali Medika Denpasar. The instrument in the research were personal adjustment scale, autonomy scale and emotional intelligence scale. The results of multiple regression analysis showed the value of R=0,783 (p<0,05) and R2=0,613, which concluded that the personal adjustment and emotional intelligence conjunctly contributes as much as 61,3% to the personal adjustment in th first-year boarding students. Standardized beta coefficient of autonomy showed the value of 0,296 (p<0,05), which concluded that the autonomy contribute to the personal adjustment. Standardized beta coefficient of emotional intelligence showed the value of 0,541 (p<0,05), which concluded that the emotional intelligence contribute to the personal adjustment. Keywords: autonomy, emotional intelligence, personal adjustment, boarding students, first-year
BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND RECURRENCE PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES

Breast Cancer has become the common cause of death among women. Due to long hours invested in manual diagnosis and lesser diagnostic system available emphasize the development of automated diagnosis for early diagnosis of the disease. Our aim is to classify whether the breast cancer is benign or malignant and predict the recurrence and non-recurrence of malignant cases after a certain period. To achieve this we have used machine learning techniques such as Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, KNN and Naive Bayes. These techniques are coded in MATLAB using UCI machine learning depository. We have compared the accuracies of different techniques and observed the results. We found SVM most suited for predictive analysis and KNN performed best for our overall methodology.
Understanding academic reading experiences and shifts in reading strategies within a sociocultural context : a case study of Malaysian undergraduates in a British University

Research into L2 reading is well developed. Most of this research, however, views reading within a cognitive and linguistic theoretical framework. It may be argued, however, that an understanding of the reading process can no longer be achieved if restricted to linguistic and cognitive activities. This thesis attempts to draw on sociocultural perspectives to describe ESL academic reading development. A longitudinal approach is adopted to explore the perceptions and experiences of academic reading of a group of Malaysian undergraduates studying in a British university over a period of two academic years. Using multiple case study design and phenomenography as guiding principles, data collection methods include individual interviews and reading diaries. This research has been conducted in a university in the United Kingdom with five male and six female Malaysian undergraduates. All the participants were fluent English as a Second Language (ESL) speakers. Data were analysed based on phenomenographic and thematic analysis principles, using qualitative data processing software, Nvivo10. The findings suggest that these participants’ perceptions of academic reading are influenced by their perceptions of the role of English in the UK, by the complexity of the texts they read and by their lack of academic language proficiency. Their reading strategies consist of support, cognitive and metacognitive strategies. The dynamic nature of their reading strategies is characterised by their reading strategy reinvention and reading strategy adjustments, influenced by a range of text and reader factors. Text factors include the linguistic features in discipline-specific texts and the text medium. Reader factors include motivation and background knowledge. This research has made a contribution to the understanding of the sociocultural elements that influence ESL academic reading development in the UK.
The Unique Role of Stressful Life Events in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adolescents

Depressive symptomatology is a significant predictor of adolescent suicide, but it may be insufficient to explain what motivates a suicide attempt. By comparison, stressful life events potentially explain aspects of suicide that depressive symptomatology is unable to, but research on this relationship is scarce. Secondary analyses were conducted on data from a nationally representative sample of adolescents (“Add Health,” N = 17,561) to examine the hypothesis that stressful events are a unique predictor of suicide attempts. Results indicated that stressful life events were a significant predictor of overall suicidality (thoughts or attempts), although the association was partially mediated by depressive symptomatology. However, both the accumulation of events and specific experiences of violence and bereavement predicted suicide attempts among adolescents who reported suicidal thoughts. These associations were significant when adjusting for depressive symptomatology, demographics, and other common suicide risk factors such as illicit substance use and exposure to the suicide of a close friend or family member. Findings are consistent with previous studies that discuss the limitations of depressive symptomatology as a predictor of suicide. Stressful life events are prevalent experiences that place adolescents at higher risk for both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
Towards a sustainable gamification impact

Gamification is defined as the use of game elements in a non-gaming context. It is been getting a lot of attention in recent years. However, the number of research done on gamification is limited. One of the problems it faces is sustainability. Designers might overlook the elements that increase sustainability due to lack of a standard framework that contains the essential components to achieve that goal. This conceptual paper proposes a framework that aims to increase the sustainability of the desired impact of gamified applications. This framework contains the following components: flow, relatedness, purpose, autonomy and mastery in the design of gamified applications. The proposed framework will help to guide future work in the field of games and gamification. In the future we aim to study the framework further and test its application in real environments.
Gender equality within dual-earner and dual-career couples across different policy regimes and norm systems in Europe

This study focuses the division of housework among various couple earner types in ten European countries, using data from the European Social Survey, and examines if relative resources, time availability and gender ideology moderate this association. The study combines the conventional economic and gender based approaches with an institutional framework on work-family reconciliation policies and gender norms to examine if the division of housework is institutionally embedded. The result shows that dual-career couples, female-career couples and female single-earner couples divide the housework more equal than dual-earner couples. This relates to the fact that women do less housework. The cross-national analysis show apparent differences between dual-earner and dual-career couples, yet the result reveals smaller gender difference in the division of housework in countries with more institutional support for work-family reconciliation and less traditional gender norms, suggesting that couples decisions on how to divide the housework are institutionally embedded.
Universality laws for randomized dimension reduction, with applications

Dimension reduction is the process of embedding high-dimensional data into a lower dimensional space to facilitate its analysis. In the Euclidean setting, one fundamental technique for dimension reduction is to apply a random linear map to the data. This dimension reduction procedure succeeds when it preserves certain geometric features of the set. The question is how large the embedding dimension must be to ensure that randomized dimension reduction succeeds with high probability. This paper studies a natural family of randomized dimension reduction maps and a large class of data sets. It proves that there is a phase transition in the success probability of the dimension reduction map as the embedding dimension increases. For a given data set, the location of the phase transition is the same for all maps in this family. Furthermore, each map has the same stability properties, as quantified through the restricted minimum singular value. These results can be viewed as new universality laws in high-dimensional stochastic geometry. Universality laws for randomized dimension reduction have many applications in applied mathematics, signal processing, and statistics. They yield design principles for numerical linear algebra algorithms, for compressed sensing measurement ensembles, and for random linear codes. Furthermore, these results have implications for the performance of statistical estimation methods under a large class of random experimental designs.
Efficacy of Omeprazole Powder Paste or Enteric‐Coated Formulation in Healing of Gastric Ulcers in Horses

Background GastroGard, an omeprazole powder paste formulation, is considered the standard treatment for gastric ulcers in horses and is highly effective. Gastrozol, an enteric‐coated omeprazole formulation for horses, has recently become available, but efficacy data are controversial and sparse. Objectives To investigate the efficacy of GastroGard and Gastrozol at labeled doses (4 and 1 mg of omeprazole per kg bwt, respectively, PO q24h) in healing of gastric ulcers. Animals 40 horses; 9.5 ± 4.6 years; 491 ± 135 kg. Methods Prospective, randomized, blinded study. Horses with an ulcer score ≥1 (Equine Gastric Ulcer Council) were randomly divided into 2 groups and treated for 2 weeks each with GastroGard followed by Gastrozol (A) or vice versa (B). After 2 and 4 weeks, scoring was repeated and compared with baseline. Plasma omeprazole concentrations were measured on the first day of treatment after administration of GastroGard (n = 5) or Gastrozol (n = 5). Results Compared with baseline (squamous score (A) 1.65 ± 0.11, (B) 1.98 ± 0.11), ulcer scores at 2 weeks ((A) 0.89 ± 0.11, (B) 1.01 ± 0.11) and 4 weeks ((A) 1.10 ± 0.12, (B) 0.80 ± 0.12) had significantly decreased in both groups (P < .001), independent of treatment (P = .7). Plasma omeprazole concentrations were significantly higher after GastroGard compared with Gastrozol administration (AUCGG = 2856 (1405‐4576) ng/mL × h, AUCGZ = 604 (430‐1609) ng/mL × h; P = . 03). The bioavailability for Gastrozol was 1.26 (95% CI 0.56–2.81) times higher than for GastroGard. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Both Gastrozol and GastroGard, combined with appropriate environmental changes, promote healing of gastric ulcers in horses. However, despite enteric coating of Gastrozol, plasma omeprazole concentrations after single labeled doses were significantly higher with GastroGard.
Five Anthropomorphic Figurines of the Upper Paleolithic - Communication Through Body Language

The attitude and posture of living bodies provide important clues about intended actions and emotional status. The ability to read these physical signs is part of our neuronal hardware: activated mirror neurons (Rizzolatti and Craighero 2004) enable us to read our conspecifics' intensions and emotions. This universal ability to 'read' one another is crucial to any social exchange and communication. We interact through the establishment of common ground (Tomasello 2008). All known anthropomorphic figurines from the Upper Paleolithic display certain postures: they have body language. Being works of art, we respond to them in an emotional way much as if they were alive (Gell 1998). The present paper proposes a method of breaking down the figurines' body language into discernible basic units by using the traditional practice of the performing arts. Professional actors 'understand' a character on multiple levels by consciously reproducing the basic attitude, the body language, of that character. During the course of a year in 2010, ten professional actors and a dancer/choreographer were asked to slip into the attitude of five outstanding anthropomorphic figurines of the Upper Paleolithic and consciously reflect and reproduce their emotional impact. A reference group of four Vietnamese students participated in the same experiment in Hanoi in 2011. The nationality of this reference group was deliberately chosen to provide information from different cultural backgrounds. In a first step the body language of each figurine was copied. The instant effect of the specific posture on the frame of mind was examined in a second step. Standard elements of body language were recognized in a surprisingly consistent way for each respective figurine. While results for the figurines from the Aurignacian showed many parallels with existing disciplinary interpretations, e.g., of the 'Kraft und Aggression' hypothesis of Hahn (1986), the Gravettian figurines, known as the 'Venuses', represented by the Venus of Willendorf, gave diametrically opposed results to academic consensus. The paper presented here is a summary of the author's master thesis accepted and completed at the Department of Prehistory, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nurnberg in 2012.
Staff Perspectives on Inclusion in Early Childhood

Inclusion of young children with disabilities in early childhood settings has become a priority for many early childhood professionals and programs. Unfortunately there continues to be a large number of programs and schools who have not yet realized the benefits of this type of programming for most young children with disabilities. In this case study, a survey research design was used to examine the perspectives of staff who work in the early childhood programs within a single school district. Overall, the staff reported benefits to students who participate in inclusive programming versus pull out or self-contained programming.
Elevated Angiopoietin-1 Serum Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Background. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles and by massive neuronal loss in the brain. There is epidemiologic and pathologic evidence that AD is associated with vascular risk factors and vascular diseases, contributing to cerebral hypoperfusion with consecutive stimulation of angiogenesis and upregulation of proangiogenic factors such as Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). Methods. In the present study, we measured Ang-1 serum levels in 42 patients with AD, 20 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and in 40 healthy elderly controls by ELISA. Results. We found significantly increased Ang-1 serum levels in patients with AD compared to control subjects (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference between MCI patients and healthy controls (P = 0.553) or between AD and MCI patients (P = 0.054). The degree of cognitive impairment as measured by the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) score was significantly correlated with the Ang-1 serum levels in all patients and healthy controls. Conclusions. We found significantly increased Ang-1 serum levels in AD patients. We could also show an association between Ang-1 serum levels and the cognitive status in all patients and healthy controls. Thus, serum Ang-1 could be a potential candidate for a biomarker panel for AD diagnosis.
Comparison of robust tests for genetic association using case-control studies

In genetic studies of complex diseases, the underlying mode of in- heritance is often not known. Thus, the most powerful test or other optimal procedure for one model, e.g. recessive, may be quite inefficient if another model, e.g. dominant, describes the inheritance process. Rather than choose among the procedures that are optimal for a particular model, it is preferable to see a method that has high efficiency across a family of scientifically realis- tic models. Statisticians well recognize that this situation is analogous to the selection of an estimator of location when the form of the underlying distribu- tion is not known. We review how the concepts and techniques in the efficiency robustness literature that are used to obtain efficiency robust estimators and rank tests can be adapted for the analysis of genetic data. In particular, several statistics have been used to test for a genetic association between a disease and a candidate allele or marker allele from data collected in case-control studies. Each of them is optimal for a specific inheritance model and we describe and compare several robust methods. The most suitable robust test depends some- what on the range of plausible genetic models. When little is known about the inheritance process, the maximum of the optimal statistics for the extreme models and an intermediate one is usually the preferred choice. Sometimes one can eliminate a mode of inheritance, e.g. from prior studies of family pedigrees one may know whether the disease skips generations or not. If it does, the disease is much more likely to follow a recessive model than a dominant one. In that case, a simpler linear combination of the optimal tests for the extreme models can be a robust choice.