Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generalization of the Far-Field Drag Decomposition Method to Unsteady Flows

Far-field drag-prediction and decomposition methods are powerful tools that increase the accuracy of the drag coefficient computed from computational fluid dynamics results by removing the spurious drag caused by numerical procedures. Furthermore, these methods allow a physical decomposition of the drag in terms of viscous, wave, and induced drag. However, they are currently limited to steady flows. This paper presents a generalization of the commonly used drag-prediction and decomposition method to unsteady flows. This generalized method, designed for three-dimensional viscous, subsonic, and transonic flows, is defined for both inertial and noninertial coordinate systems and allows drag decomposition to be performed on either static or moving/rotating meshes. This generalization also allows the drag caused by the unsteady fluctuations of the flow to be identified.
Resonance-based motion control method for multi-joint robot through combining stiffness adaptation and iterative learning control

This paper proposes a new trajectory tracking control method for multi-joint robots by combining stiffness adaptation and iterative learning control. The proposed controller achieves trajectory tracking while optimizing stiffness of elastic elements installed in each joint of the robots. Even though the multi-joint robots have nonlinear dynamics and multi degree-of-freedom, the stiffness optimization realizes high energy efficiency as if we utilized resonance. An advantage of the proposed control is to work well without using exact parameter values of the robots. Since it seems that adaptive control and iterative learning control have not been used simultaneously, this paper newly proposes a methodology to appropriately combine stiffness adaptation and iterative learning control. This combination enables trajectory tracking and convergence of the stiffness to the optimal one. These properties can not be achieved by our previous controllers.
Prognostic Significance of Overexpressed p16INK4a in Patients with Cervical Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Background p16INK4a is a tumor suppressor protein which is induced in cells upon the interaction of high-risk HPV E7 with the retinoblastoma protein by a positive feedback loop, but cannot exert its suppressing effect. Previous reports suggested that p16INK4a immunostaining allows precise identification of even small CIN or cervical cancer lesions in biopsies. The prognostic value of overexpressed p16INK4a in cervical cancer has been evaluated for several years while the results remain controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the clinical and prognostic significance of overexpression of p16INK4a in cervical cancer. Methods Identification and review of publications assessing clinical or prognostic significance of p16INK4a overexpression in cervical cancer until March 1, 2014. A meta-analysis was performed to clarify the association between p16INK4a overexpression and clinical outcomes. Results A total of 15 publications met the criteria and comprised 1633 cases. Analysis of these data showed that p16INK4a overexpression was not significantly associated with tumor TNM staging (I+II vs. III+IV) (OR = 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35–1.63, P = 0.47), the tumor grade (G1+ G2 vs. G3) (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.39–1.57, P = 0.49), the tumor size (<4 vs. ≥4 cm) (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.45–2.69, P = 0.83), or vascular invasion (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.69–2.08, P = 0.52). However, in the identified studies, overexpression of p16INK4a was highly correlated with no lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28–0.95, P = 0.04), increased overall survival (relative risk [RR]: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.24–0.72, P = 0.002) and increased disease free survival (RR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44–0.82, P = 0.001). Conclusions This meta-analysis shows overexpression of p16INK4a in cervical cancer is connected with increased overall and disease free survival and thus marks a better prognosis.
Killing ‘Unborn Children’? The Catholic Church and Abortion Law in Poland Since 1989

Legislation on abortion in Poland is among the strictest of all European countries. As with Malta and Ireland, the regulations in Poland do not allow for the termination of a pregnancy on the grounds of the difficult social or economic situation of a woman. Post-1989 developments with regard to abortion law in Poland show the influence of the Catholic Church as a very powerful societal actor on the drafting and implementation of one of the most important policies affecting women’s rights and gender relations. Catholic ‘pro-life’ circles exercised pressure in the process of drafting and adopting the new law, as well as at the stage of the law’s implementation. The symbolic victory of the Church over abortion law is evident in the shift in general discourse and in the official language of legal acts, where, for example, ‘foetus’ has been replaced by ‘conceived child’ (in the law) or by ‘unborn child’ (in discourse). As a consequence, for public opinion abortion is seen as tantamount to ‘the act of killing the unborn child’.
On the nature of initial singularities for solutions of the Einstein–Vlasov-scalar field system with surface symmetry

Global existence results in the past time direction of cosmological models with collisionless matter and a massless scalar field are presented. It is shown that the singularity is crushing and that the Kretschmann scalar diverges uniformly as the singularity is approached. In the case without Vlasov matter, the singularity is velocity dominated and the generalized Kasner exponents converge at each spatial point as the singularity is approached.
Wealth Bias in the First Global Capital Market Boom, 1870-1913

Why do rich countries receive the lion's share of international investment flows? Although this wealth bias is strong today, it was even stronger during the first global capital market boom before 1913. Very little of British capital exports went to poor countries, whether colonies or not. This paper constructs panel data for 34 countries that as a group received 92% of British capital. It concludes that international capital market failure had only second-order effects on the geographical distribution of British capital. The three local fundamentals that mattered most were schooling, natural resources and demography.
Generalized Partial Directed Coherence and centrality measures in brain networks for epileptogenic focus localization

Accurate epileptogenic focus localization is required prior to surgical resection o f brain tissue for treatment o f patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, a clinical need that is partially fulfilled to date through a subjective, and at times inconclusive, evaluation o f the recorded electroencephalogram (EEG). Using brain connectivity analysis, patterns o f causal interactions between brain regions were derived from multichannel EEG o f 127 seizures in nine patients with focal, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The statistically significant directed interactions in the reconstructed brain networks were estimated from three second intracranial multi-electrode EEG segments using the Generalized Partial Directed Coherence (GPDC) and validated by surrogate data analysis. A set o f centralities per network node were then estimated. Compared to extra-focal brain regions, regions located anatomically within the epileptogenic focus (focal regions) were found to be associated with enhanced inward directed centrality values at high frequencies (y band) during the initial segments o f seizures (within nine seconds from seizures onset) and led to correct localization o f the epileptogenic focus in all nine patients. Therefore, an immediate application o f the employed novel network framework o f analysis to intracranial EEG recordings may lead to a computerized, accurate and objective localization o f the epileptogenic focus from ictal periods. The proposed framework could also pave the way for studies into network dynamics o f the epileptogenic focus peri-ictally and interictally, which may have a significant impact current automated seizure prediction and control applications.
Hybrid genetic algorithm — Artificial neural network classifier for skin cancer detection

Skin cancer is a deadly form of cancer, affecting skin. It is one of the very deadly form of cancer. It occurs on the melanocytic cells of skin. So skin cancer is also known as Melanoma. Due to the malignancy feature it is also known as malignant melanoma. Melanoma causes the abnormal growth of melanocytic cells which produces the sun protective pigment melanin. Due to that reason melanoma appears as black or brown in color. Main factors that cause melanoma are over exposure to sunlight and genetic factors. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is important for maintaining vitamin D levels in the body, but too much UV can cause sunburn, premature ageing, skin and damage and ultimately skin cancer. Early detection can cure skin cancer completely. The probability of cure decreases if it is not treated at early stages. Diagnosing methods like Biopsy, SIAscopy are painful and time consuming. An economical, less time consuming, painless Computer Aided Skin Cancer detection is proposed here. This methodology uses Digital Image processing and Artificial intelligence for skin cancer detection. This methodology involves no direct contact with skin. Only the dermoscopic image is used here. The image after certain image processing techniques is subjected to segmentation. After segmentation, the unique features are extracted from the image using feature extraction techniques. The feature extraction technique used here is GLCM(Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) and RGB color feature. These features are used for classification. Artificial neural network classifier is used for classification. In order to improve the accuracy of classification, the ANN is optimized by Genetic Algorithm.
THE EFL LEARNERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND REALIZATIONS OF FORMULAIC SEQUENCES IN CASUAL CONVERSATION

This research is descriptive qualitative study aiming at finding out EFL learners’ perceptions and realizations of formulaic sequences in casual conversations and seeing how the perceptions relate to the realizations. 13 students of English Department of Unnes Graduate Program were chosen as the participants of the study. Two sources of data were used in this study: interview and audio recordings of the casual conversations. The result of the interview revealed that the learners generally have positive perceptions of formulaic sequences. However, they do not ever get any materials about formulaic sequence in their EFL learning so that they do not really familiar with its concept.From the analysis of the learners’ casual conversations using the combination of Biber et al. (1999) and Celce-Murcia (2007) categorization system of formulaic sequences, all six types of formulaic sequences are found: inserts, collocation, routines, multi-word units, binomial expressions, and idioms. Furthermore, it is found that learners’ problem in realizing formulaic sequences includes the tendency to simply use the expressions they heard from any sources without considering the appropriateness of the expressions, the difficulty in using correct formulaic sequences to be used in the given situation, theidiomaticity of formulaic sequences, the tendency to translate Indonesian expressions into English literally word by word, and problems related to grammar. The learners’ perceptions of formulaic sequences are related to its realizations in terms of the problems they faced in using formulaic sequences in casual conversation.
Parenting and children’s adjustment problems: the mediating role of self-esteem and peer relations

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of parental and personal characteristics on children’s internalizing/externalizing problems. Further, this study aimed to examine personal characteristics (self-esteem, peer relations) as mediators in the relation between parenting and internalizing/externalizing problems. In order to address these questions, this study used a cross-sectional design. The sample included 588 pre-adolescents and adolescents (10–14 years old) and their mothers. Children completed the My Memories of Upbringing Questionnaire, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (child report), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and the Harter’s Self Perception Profile (Social acceptance subscale), while mothers completed The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parent report). Results support a model for the influence of both direct and indirect effects on children’s internalizing/externalizing problems.
Dependência de internet e habilidades sociais em adolescentes

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a associacao entre as habilidades sociais (HS) e a dependencia de internet (DI), a associacao entre variaveis socio-demograficas e HS, assim como constatar as variaveis preditoras da DI, em uma amostra composta por 482 escolares selecionados aleatoriamente em um municipio do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Inventario de Habilidades Sociais para Adolescentes e o Internet Addiction Test . Os resultados indicaram que os adolescentes dependentes de internet tinham maior dificuldade em manifestar comportamentos socialmente habilidosos em relacao ao escore total de HS e as classes: autocontrole, assertividade, abordagem afetiva e desenvoltura social. Tambem foi constatado que ter um menor repertorio total de HS aumenta a razao de chances de o jovem ter DI. Esses resultados sugerem que um pior repertorio de HS esta associado a DI. Assim, apesar de a internet prover beneficios aos adolescentes, o uso demasiado esta associado a algumas classes de HS subdesenvolvidas. Contudo, cabe ressaltar que nos relacionamentos on-line tambem ha oportunidade de manifestar certas classes de HS que podem ser considerados um tipo de contato social importante, principalmente para os jovens.
Myomasp/LRRC39, a Heart- and Muscle-Specific Protein, Is a Novel Component of the Sarcomeric M-Band and Is Involved in Stretch Sensing

Rationale and Objective: The M-band represents a transverse structure in the center of the sarcomeric A-band and provides an anchor for the myosin-containing thick filaments. In contrast to other sarcomeric structures, eg, the Z-disc, only few M-band–specific proteins have been identified to date, and its exact molecular composition remains unclear. Methods and Results: Using a bioinformatic approach to identify novel heart- and muscle-specific genes, we found a leucine rich protein, myomasp (Myosin-interacting, M-band-associated stress-responsive protein)/LRRC39. RT-PCR and Northern and Western blot analyses confirmed a cardiac-enriched expression pattern, and immunolocalization of myomasp revealed a strong and specific signal at the sarcomeric M-band. Yeast 2-hybrid screens, as well as coimmunoprecipitation experiments, identified the C terminus of myosin heavy chain (MYH)7 as an interaction partner for myomasp. Knockdown of myomasp in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVCMs) led to a significant upregulation of the stretch-sensitive genes GDF-15 and BNP. Conversely, the expression of MYH7 and the M-band proteins myomesin-1 and -2 was found to be markedly reduced. Mechanistically, knockdown of myomasp in NRVCM led to a dose-dependent suppression of serum response factor–dependent gene expression, consistent with earlier observations linking the M-band to serum response factor–mediated signaling. Finally, downregulation of myomasp/LRRC39 in spontaneously beating engineered heart tissue constructs resulted in significantly lower force generation and reduced fractional shortening. Likewise, knockdown of the myomasp/LRRC39 ortholog in zebrafish resulted in severely impaired heart function and cardiomyopathy in vivo. Conclusions: These findings reveal myomasp as a previously unrecognized component of an M-band–associated signaling pathway that regulates cardiomyocyte gene expression in response to biomechanical stress.
Short-term memory as a working memory control process

Aben et al. (2012) take issue with the unthoughtful use of the terms “working memory” (WM) and “short-term memory” (STM) in the cognitive and neuroscientific literature. Whereas I agree that neuroscientists using the term WM to refer to sustained neural activation and cognitive psychologists using the terms interchangeably reflects that the field has lost control over its own dictionary, the recommendations to develop more tasks does not seem to get to the heart of the matter. Here, I argue in favor of a theoretical approach to the constructs of WM and STM, as the terms have become as impure as the tasks that purport to measure the constructs.
Negotiating Norms

Drawing on 91 pornography-related submissions sent by young Finns to a moderated question and answer forum on sexual health, this article explores the personal narratives of adolescents on pornography use. Special attention is given to the submissions by girls to explore the widely circulated narratives on the sexualization of adolescence more precisely. In focusing on these accounts of sexual exploration, learning and the pursuit of pleasure, the article examines how girls’ interests in sexually explicit media can be reflexively understood in the context of everyday sexual practices that are already socially constructed and negotiated. The material reveals that Finnish girls depict themselves as invested with substantial agency, competence and volition despite the occasional gender-specific anxieties that their encounters with pornography have created.
Solving Classical Insight Problems Without Aha! Experience: 9 Dot, 8 Coin, and Matchstick Arithmetic Problems

Insightful problem solving is a vital part of human thinking, yet very difficult to grasp. Traditionally, insight has been investigated by using a set of established "insight tasks," assuming that insight has taken place if these problems are solved. Instead of assuming that insight takes place during every solution of the 9 Dot, 8 Coin, and Matchstick Arithmetic Problems, this study explored the likelihood that solutions evoked the "Aha! experience," which is often regarded as the defining characteristic of insight. It was predicted that the rates of self-reported Aha! experiences might vary based on the necessary degree of constraint relaxation. The main assumption was that the likelihood of experiencing an Aha! would decrease with increasing numbers of constraints that must be relaxed, because several steps are needed to achieve a representational change and solve the problem, and thus, the main feature of suddenness of a solution might be lacking. The results supported this prediction, and demonstrated that in many cases participants do solve these classical insight problems without any Aha! experience. These results show the importance of obtaining insight ratings from participants to determine whether any given problem is solved with insight or not.
Bone Turnover Markers and Osteoprotegerin in Uncomplicated Pregnancy

Although calcium metabolism during pregnancy is well described the mechanisms involved in bone metabolism are not quite clear. Increase of osteoprotegerin (OPG) with elevated bone turnover is supposed to be a homeostatic mechanism limiting bone loss. The aim of the study was to assess bone turnover in pregnancy in relation to serum osteoprotegerin level. Osteocalcin (OC), beta-crosslaps (CTx), OPG, vitamin 25 OH D3, parathormone (PTH), and calcium (Ca) were determined in 30 healthy women at 1st and at 3rd trimester of pregnancy and 27 healthy age-matched non pregnant women. In pregnant women average OPG, CTx and serum calcium concentrations were found to be highly elevated. During pregnancy OPG and bone resorption significantly rised whereas only slight increase in OC level was found with concomitant decrease in serum calcium. OPG correlated positively with OC and Ca only at 1st trimester. Serum CTx and OPG at 1st trimester seemed to be the only parameters to differentiate between elevated and normal bone turnover among pregnant women. In pregnancy bone turnover increases mainly due to enhanced bone resorption. The determination of osteocalcin at the beginning of pregnancy seems to be of limited clinical use, whereas measuring bone resorption markers such as CTx and/or osteoprotegerin may have a good predictive value for later pregnancy-associated bone loss.
Trajectory Community Discovery and Recommendation by Multi-Source Diffusion Modeling

In this paper, we detect communities from trajectories. Existing algorithms for trajectory clustering usually rely on simplex representation and a single proximity-related metric. Unfortunately, additional information markers (e.g., social interactions or semantics in the spatial layout) are ignored, leading to the inability to fully discover the communities in trajectory database. This is especially true for human-generated trajectories, where additional fine-grained markers (e.g., movement velocity at certain locations, or the sequence of semantic spaces visited) are especially useful in capturing latent relationships among community members. To overcome this limitation, we propose TODMIS, a general framework for Trajectory-based cOmmunity Detection by diffusion modeling on Multiple Information Sources. TODMIS combines additional information with raw trajectory data and construct the diffusion process on multiple similarity metrics. It also learns the consistent graph Laplacians by constructing the multi-modal diffusion process and optimizing the heat kernel coupling on each pair of similarity matrices from multiple information sources. Then, dense sub-graph detection is used to discover the set of distinct communities (including community size) on the coupled multi-graph representation. At last, based on the community information, we propose a novel model for online recommendation. We evaluate TODMIS and our online recommendation methods using different real-life datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our methods.
Advances in Brief Elevated Hyaluronan Concentration without Hyaluronidase Activation in Malignant Epithelial Ovarian Tumors 1

The concentration and histological distribution of hyaluronan, a tumor promoting extracellular matrix polysaccharide, and the activity of hyaluronidase, a potential source of angiogenic hyaluronan oligosaccharides, were analyzed in malignant epithelial (n 24), borderline (n 8), benign epithelial (n 20), functional cyst (n 21), and normal (n 5) tissue samples of human ovary. Hyaluronan concentration increased specifically in cancers (P 0.001), particularly in grade 3 tumors (>49-fold) and in metastases (>89-fold). Hyaluronan staining in the tissues correlated with hyaluronan concentration (P 0.002). Hyaluronidase activity slightly decreased from semimalignant through low grade to high grade tumors (P 0.041). Therefore, hyaluronan accumulation, but not hyaluronidase activation, is associated with the aggressiveness of ovarian epithelial cancer.