Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phonological priming between monosyllabic spoken words.

Phonological priming between 3-phoneme monosyllabic spoken words was examined as a function of the early or late position of the phonological overlap between the words and of prime-target relative frequency. The pairs of words had either the 2 beginning or the 2 final phonemes in common. Four experiments were conducted, each using a different combination of interstimulus interval (ISI; either 20 ms or 500 ms) and task (either lexical decision or shadowing). Facilitation was consistently found between words with final overlap in both tasks and was not affected by either absolute or relative word frequency. The size of the effect decreased as the ISI increased. Significant priming effects were not obtained between words with initial overlap, although an inhibitory trend was found in the shadowing task at the short ISI for the low-high relative frequency condition. It is suggested that the facilitatory effect of final overlap is prelexical.
Internal, External, and Self-Report Structure of Personality in a Non-Western Culture: An Investigation of Cross-Language and Cross-Cultural Generalizability

The authors explored the internal (similarity of meaning), external (peer nominations), and selfreport structure of personality with Filipino college students. Informants' natural language of personality in English and Tagalog provided a taxonomy as broad and differentiated, though not as dense, as an existing dictionary-based taxonomy (Peabody, 1987). The internal structure of personality was quite similar in the two languages, supporting cross-language generalizability. In all three structures, dimensions resembling major Western personality dimensions (the Big Five) were found. Evidence of cross-cultural generalizability was particularly convincing, because an emic (culturespecific) research strategy was used. Internal, external, and self-report structures were similar, but not identical, implying that personality attributions do not simply reflect implicit personality conceptions. In this article, we address personality taxonomies; the internal, external, and self-report structure of personality; and the cross-language and cross-cultural generalizability of taxonomic and structural dimensions of personality. We address these issues using an emic (culture-specific) approach to cross-cultural comparisons (Berry, 1969; Church & Katigbak, 1988).
Teachers’ and Students’ Beliefs about Student Belonging in One Middle School

This study took place at a newly formed charter school serving 150 students in a large metropolitan city in the southwest. Students were mostly Hispanic (98%), and all were eligible for free or reduced‐price lunch. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected in interviews with 45 sixth‐ (n = 28), seventh‐ (n = 10), and eighth‐ (n = 7) grade students. I used a version of Goodenow’s Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale (which I called the PSSM2) to measure students’ sense of belonging at the school. Interviews also included open‐ended response opportunities for students to define belonging in their own language. Students’ responses were compared with 8 teachers’ ratings of students in terms of their social standing relative to other students. Students estimated the grades they received on their most recent report card. Results suggested that teachers’ ratings of students’ social hierarchy and students’ feelings of belongingness were not related and that students varied in the value they placed on student‐student and student‐teacher relationships in their definitions of belongingness. There was no relation between students’ PSSM2 scores and their estimates of their grades. Teachers’ ratings of how males fit in with their peers were significantly related to males’ grade estimates but not to females’. Study implications and suggestions for future research on student belonging are discussed.
The Alcohol-Aggression Relationship and Differential Sensitivity to Alcohol

The determination of which individuals are at risk of responding aggressively when intoxicated and under what conditions this is likely to occur is basic to understanding the alcohol/aggression relationship. Three theorized mechanisms on which individuals display differential vulnerability and which are related to risk are discussed. These are the cue for reinforcement system, the threat system, and the executive control system. Under the latter heading new findings from a number of studies are presented which demonstrate that: under low provocation intoxicated executive cognitive functioning (ECF) individuals performed with significantly more aggression than sober or intoxicated high ECF individuals; that individuals with low ECF, though more aggressive, choose these responses more slowly than those with high ECF; that low ECF, unlike high ECF, individuals do not react to anticipated shock; and, it is specifically low sober state ECF individuals who show increased alcohol induced ECF disruption who are most at risk for intoxicated aggression.
Neutrophilic panniculitis associated with myelodysplastic syndromes

Four-mitTon parallin-embedded sections were stained with an indirect immunolluorescent method using affinity-puriHed rahhii anti-. MllP o\'erlaid wilh lluorescein Isothiocyanale conjugated goat antirabhit IgCI. "̂ The stained sections were examined and photographed wilh a Zeiss fluorescence microscope, and the tissues were assigned a grade from 0 to i for cellular staining and extracellular protein deposition based upon the intensity and extent of the tluorescence as follows. Cellular: 0. rare cells (0-5) observed; 1. few cells (5-2 5) observed: 2. moderate numhers of cells (about 2 5-50): 3. many cells On excess of 50). Hxlracellular; 0. no or falnl indeterminant extracellular protein deposition: 0 5. small focal areas; I. focal areas: 2, focal dense areas; 3, extensive deposition.
Faustlos: Evaluation eines Curriculums zur Förderung sozial-emotionaler Kompetenzen und zur Gewaltprävention in der Grundschule

Zusammenfassung. Kinder mit guten Fahigkeiten in der Konfliktlosung greifen in heftigen Auseinandersetzungen mit groserer Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht zur Gewalt, weil sie ihr Selbstwertgefuhl nicht auf Kosten von anderen stabilisieren mussen. Das Fordern von sozial-emotionalen Kompetenzen bei Kindern zur Starkung ihrer Konfliktfahigkeit hat sich deshalb als ein elementarer Bestandteil in der Gewaltpravention herausgestellt. Im deutschsprachigen Raum liegt mit “Faustlos“ ein differenziert ausgearbeitetes und evaluiertes Curriculum zur Pravention aggressiven Verhaltens fur die Grundschule vor. Die in einer Drei-Jahres-Studie im Kontrollgruppen-Design erzielten Evaluationsergebnisse in insgesamt 44 Schulklassen im Heidelberg/Mannheimer Raum zeigen, dass mit “Faustlos“ vor allem auf der emotionalen Ebene positive Entwicklungen von Kindern angestosen werden konnen. So wurden durch die “Faustlos“-Lektionen die Angstlichkeit und die Internalisierungstendenz der unterrichteten Grundschulkinder deutlich reduziert. Di.
The relationship between EFL instructors’ knowledge of mediation and their classroom practice

The present mixed-method study aimed at investigating to what extent EFL instructors in junior and senior high schools, institutes, and universities in Iran have knowledge of mediation and how often they implement their knowledge of mediation in their classes. To this end, 181 instructors (101 males and 80 females) participated in the study. Out of 181 participants, 72 of them took part in the oral interviews as well. To collect the data, close-ended questionnaire and oral interview were used and to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, and Chi-square were run. The findings revealed that there is a relationship between the instructors’ knowledge of mediation and their practice in their classes but their practice of mediation does not totally reflect their knowledge of mediation. Moreover, the analysis of oral interviews revealed that making the task significant culminates in fostering learners’ motivation and learning, and to make a task significant, the participating instructors suggested explanation, engagement, use of real world materials, and making the task goal-oriented. In terms of transcendence, it was revealed that from the instructors’ view, it is possible to help learners transfer their learnt knowledge to new situations. Use of real world material, explaining how to transfer, and bridging the known to unknown are strategies that were suggested for promoting transcendence. The instructors’ awareness of when, where, and how to intervene in the learning process of learners would lead to promotion of learning and teaching.
The Development of Knowledge concerning the Effect of Categorization upon Free Recall.

MOYNAHAN, EILEEN D. The Development of Knowledge concerning the Effect of Categorization upon Free Recall. CmiD DEVELOPMENT, 1973, 44, 238-246. First, third, and fifth graders predicted the relative ease of recalling sets of categorized items versus sets of noncategorized items. Third and fifth graders were significantly more likely than first graders to predict that the categorized sets would be easier to remember. Similar grade effects were obtained when the Ss' explanations were considered. Grade differences in predictions could not be attributed to the younger childrens' failure to detect the categories or to the facilitative effect of categorization on recall being any weaker for the younger children. Ss who had performed either an easier prediction task or a recall task involving the sets of categorized and noncategorized items before receiving the categorization-prediction task performed better on the categorizationprediction task than did Ss with no task experience before the categorization-prediction task. The effect of prior recall experience, however, was significant only when the explanation scores were considered. Prior experience seeing and naming the sets of categorized and noncategorized items had no effect on performance on the categorization-prediction task.
Sterol-induced degradation of HMG CoA reductase depends on interplay of two Insigs and two ubiquitin ligases, gp78 and Trc8

Accumulation of sterols in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to the accelerated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme in synthesis of cholesterol and nonsterol isoprenoids. This degradation results from sterol-induced binding of reductase to the Insig-1 or Insig-2 proteins of ER membranes. We previously reported that in immortalized human fibroblasts (SV-589 cells) Insig-1, but not Insig-2, recruits gp78, a membrane-bound RING-finger ubiquitin ligase. We now report that both Insig-1 and Insig-2 bind another membrane-bound RING-finger ubiquitin ligase called Trc8. Knockdown of either gp78 or Trc8 in SV-589 cells through RNA interference (RNAi) inhibited sterol-induced ubiquitination of reductase and inhibited sterol-induced degradation by 50–60%. The combined knockdown of gp78 and Trc8 produced a more complete inhibition of degradation (> 90%). Knockdown of gp78 led to a three to fourfold increase in levels of Trc8 and Insig-1 proteins, which opposed the inhibitory action of gp78. In contrast, knockdown of Trc8 had no effect on gp78 or Insig-1. The current results suggest that sterol-induced ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of reductase is dictated by the complex interplay of at least four proteins: Insig-1, Insig-2, gp78, and Trc8. Variations in the concentrations of any one of these proteins may account for differences in cell- and/or tissue-specific regulation of reductase degradation.
Involving a village: student teachers' sense of belonging in their school-based placement

Educating a student on teaching placement involves a ‘village’, just as it takes a whole ‘village’ to raise a child. Creating a ‘village’ around each student teacher gives them greater agency, a sense of belonging and being valued as a member of that professional ‘village’. Participating students, teachers and lecturers share their perceptions of experiences in the one-day school-based placement that student teachers are required to undertake in a University of Waikato distance programme. Opportunities, relationships and a sense of inclusion are identified as influencing characteristics, “the all important human infrastructure that provides the opportunity for learners to succeed” (Campbell-Gibson, 1997, p. 8) rather than any modern technologies. Findings indicate that where the school acted as the ‘village of learning’, the perceived suitability of the placement as a site for learning teaching was conceptualised through a developed sense of belonging, accomplishment and inclusion. It is argued that greater effort should be made by initial teacher education providers to locate such ‘villages’ for student teacher placements.
Noise-Induced Stabilization of Planar Flows I

We show that the complex-valued ODE żt = an+1z n+1 + anz n + · · ·+ a0, which necessarily has trajectories along which the dynamics blows up in finite time, can be stabilized by the addition of an arbitrarily small elliptic, additive Brownian stochastic term. We also show that the stochastic perturbation has a unique invariant measure which is heavy-tailed yet is uniformly, exponentially attracting. The methods turn on the construction of Lyapunov functions. The techniques used in the construction are general and can likely be used in other settings where a Lyapunov function is needed. This is a two-part paper. This paper, Part I, focuses on general Lyapunov methods as applied to a special, simplified version of the problem. Part II [8] extends the main results to the general setting.
Comparative experimental study of esophageal wall regeneration after prosthetic replacement.

This study compares three prosthetic materials for potential use in patching and bridging congenital and acquired esophageal defects. The study was divided into two parts. In the first part, full-thickness, 6-cm2 cervical esophageal defects were induced in three groups of young mongrel dogs and were replaced with patches of lyophilized dura mater (Lyodura), polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron), or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The dogs in the Lyodura subgroup were scheduled to be sacrificed after 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks and the dogs in the PTFE and Dacron subgroups were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 months. The patched esophagus was removed for gross and microscopic examination. In the second part of the study a segment of the esophagus was excised in another three groups of dogs and replaced with 3 x 2 cm tubes of Lyodura, Dacron, or PTFE. Here the follow-up was prolonged and included radiological, endoscopic, and histological assessment. The dogs of each subgroup were scheduled to be sacrificed after 6, 8, and 12 months. Results indicated that lyophilized dura mater covered and neoepithelialized the patched area within the shortest period of time without foreign body reaction and with only slight collagen deposit, resulting in a ductile repaired esophageal wall. Therefore, its use may be considered for replacement of partial esophageal defects. For complete circumferential defects, the present study and our review of the literature showed that there is as yet no ideal prosthetic material that promotes good incorporation but is not prone to stenosis. Further studies in this area are required.
The Politics of Alcohol Policy in Nigeria: A Critical Analysis of How and Why Brewers Use Strategic Ambiguity to Supplant Policy Initiatives

The global call by the World Health Assembly (WHA) to control the rising alcohol-related problems caused by harmful consumption became necessary in 2005 due to the recognition of the fact that many countries did not have alcohol policies. This gave rise to the adoption of a 10-point policy strategy by the World Health Organization (WHO) Member States in 2010. Against this backdrop, many countries adopted alcohol policies to reduce harmful alcohol consumption. Nigeria was one of the WHO Member Countries that adopted the resolution. Globally, Nigeria is among the 30 countries with the highest per capita consumption and alcohol-related problems, yet has not formulated alcohol policy to date. This paper draws on Eisenberg’s Strategic Ambiguity Model to explore the role of brewers in supplanting alcohol policy initiatives in Nigeria. It argues that the leading alcohol producers in Nigeria have been the main reason alcohol policies have not been formulated. The article focuses on why their campaigns for responsible drinking, promotions, sponsorships and ‘strategic social responsibilities’ may have increased since the WHA made the call and the WHO adopted the resolution in 2010. It concludes by arguing that there is an urgent need to formulate policies drawing from the WHO resolution to curtail the activities of these brewers and reduce harmful consumption.
Couple attachment and relationship duration in psychotherapy patients: exploring a new methodology of assessment

The couple relationship is an essential source of support for individuals undergoing psychological treatment and the aim of this study was to apply a new methodology in assessing the quality of such support. A theoretically informed thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted, triangulated by quantitative data. Twenty-one brief psychotherapy outpatients were interviewed on their couple relationships before they embarked on cognitive analytic therapy. Patients suffered from a variety of psychological difficulties, including anxiety, depression and personality disorder. Thematic analysis captured empirically eight components of couple attachment as proposed by theory. Thematic analysis also suggested that these components defined four overarching relationship themes, indicating different types of relational difficulties experienced by the patients. Triangulation with quantitative data suggested that relationship themes were unrelated to severity and type of patient pathology but were associated with the duration of the relationship. A stage theory of couple attachment formation may provide a useful framework for understanding the findings.
Examining the Contributions of Perceived Psychological Need Satisfaction to Well‐Being in Exercise1

This investigation examined the relationship between perceived psychological need satisfaction and well-being in exercise. Participants in Study 1 were women enrolled in a resistance-training program who completed instruments on two occasions across 12 weeks. Changes in perceived need satisfaction and subjective vitality were evident, and residual change score analyses supported covariation between variables over time. Participants in Study 2 were patrons of a university fitness facility who completed instruments once following an exercise session. Canonical correlation analyses indicated that perceived need satisfaction was differentially associated with positive and negative affect. These results suggest that perceived psychological need satisfaction in exercise contributes to global and contextual well-being.
Nocardiosis in ectopic ACTH syndrome: A case report and review of 11 cases from the literature

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) associated with nocardiosis is rare, and little information is available regarding its clinical characteristics. In this study, the case of a 35-year-old male patient who showed significant cushingoid features and had a cough with yellow phlegm for 1 month is described. Pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scanning and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with CT identified two different lesions in the mediastinum and pulmonary region, respectively. The lesion in the mediastinum was finally diagnosed as an ACTH-secreting mediastinal paraganglioma via biopsy. The sputum culture confirmed pulmonary nocardiosis. The patient was effectively treated with complete tumor resection following the treatment of nocardiosis using trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Following the present case, 11 additional cases of nocardiosis in EAS were identified in the literature and their clinical characteristics were compared and evaluated. It may be concluded that, although Nocardia remains a rare opportunistic infection pathogen in EAS, it is necessary to consider nocardiosis as a diagnosis for patients with pulmonary imaging findings of cavity, consolidation or nodule, particularly when there are brain and extra-pulmonary lesions as well as a poor response to regular treatment.
Performance analysis of SINEMO and NEMO BSP for vehicle-infrastructure-vehicle communications

Network mobility (NEMO) basic support protocol (BSP) and seamless IP diversity based NEMO (SINEMO) have been designed to provide seamless and uninterrupted services to the mobile hosts in NEMO. SINEMO outperforms NEMO BSP by utilizing the advanced loss recovery and multi-homing feature of stream control transmission protocol (SCTP). To improve the performance of NEMO BSP, we could utilize the services of on-board TCP (obTCP) which implements local retransmission mechanism in the wireless links to recover wireless losses quickly and effectively. In this paper, we analytically compare NEMO BSP along with obTCP and SINEMO based on end-to-end packet loss probability, end-to-end packet delivery delay, handoff latency, and throughput degradation time during handoff. The numerical results show that NEMO BSP when used with obTCP performs better than SINEMO.
The lymphocyte transformation test for the diagnosis of drug allergy: sensitivity and specificity

Background The diagnosis of a drag allergy is mainly based upon a very detailed history and the clinical findings. In addition, several in vitro or in vivo tests can be performed to demonstrate a sensitization to a certain drug. One of the in vitro tests is the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), which can reveal a sensitization of T‐cells by an enhanced proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a certain drag.
Portable, unobtrusive garbage collection for multiprocessor systems

We describe and prove the correctness of a new concurrent mark-and-sweep garbage collection algorithm. This algorithm derives from the classical on-the-fly algorithm from Dijkstra et al. [9]. A distinguishing feature of our algorithm is that it supports multiprocessor environments where the registers of running processes are not readily accessible, without imposing any overhead on the elementary operations of loading a register or reading or initializing a field. Furthermore our collector never blocks running mutator processes except possibly on requests for free memory; in particular, updating a field or creating or marking or sweeping a heap object does not involve system-dependent synchronization primitives such as locks. We also provide support for process creation and deletion, and for managing an extensible heap of variable-sized objects.
Patient Satisfaction in Pay for Performance Programs

Concerns about both the cost and quality of health care have led to a growing interest in, and call for “pay for performance. ” Increasingly, as well, patient satisfaction is being viewed as an essential aspect of care that should be considered in judging performance. At the same time, there are concerns about the validity of patient satisfaction as a relevant quality measure. We argue that patient satisfaction is not only an outcome measure, but also an essential part of the process of care itself. This experiential aspect of care, however, is evaluated by patients, whereas formal processes and outcomes are recorded and evaluated by providers. As such, the 2 measures are evaluating different aspects of care that need not—but typically do-–coincide. We also suggest that where patient satisfaction is utilized in pay for performance calculations, it constitutes a very small portion of the total money at stake and is unlikely to lead to “gaming” through acquiescence to patients’ requests for unnecessary treatments.