Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship of depression with cognitive insight and socio-occupational outcome in patients with schizophrenia

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of depression using different measures in patients with schizophrenia and to study the relationship of depression in schizophrenia with cognitive insight and clinical insight, disability and socio-occupational functioning. Methods: A total of 136 patients with schizophrenia were evaluated for depression, cognitive insight and socio-occupational functioning. Results: Of the 136 patients included in the study, one-fourth (N = 34; 25%) were found to have depression as per the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The prevalence of depression as assessed by Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) and Depressive Subscale of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-D) was 23.5%, 19.9% and 91.9%, respectively. Among the different scales, CDSS has highest concordance with clinician’s diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for CDSS was also higher than that noted for HDRS and PANSS-D. When those with and without depression as per clinician’s diagnosis were compared, those with depression were found to have significantly higher scores on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive and general psychopathology subscales, PANSS total score, participation restriction as assessed by P-scale and had lower level of functioning as assessed by Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). No significant difference was noted on negative symptom subscale of PANSS, clinical insight as assessed on G-12 item of PANSS, disability as assessed by Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS) and socio-occupational functioning as assessed by Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFS). In terms of cognitive insight, those with depression had significantly higher score for both the subscales, that is, self-reflective and self-certainty subscales as well as the mean composite index score. Conclusion: Our results suggest that one-fourth of patients with schizophrenia have depression, compared to HDRS and PANSS-D, CDSS has highest concordance with clinician’s diagnosis of depression and presence of depression is related to cognitive insight.
Investigation into tribology of cold strip rolling

The key factors which determine the friction as well as the surface quality of the rolled strip are the amount of oil which is entrapped in the roll bite and the roughness of strip and roll. In the present paper, the influence of the hydrodynamic and the roughness effect on the entrained film thickness and on the friction conditions in the roll gap have been examined theoretically and experimentally. For the experimental validation of the theoretical findings, rolling tests with thin aluminium sheets are carried out. The main parameters for the hydrodynamic effect, i.e. the rolling speed, base viscosity and yield stress, and the ones for the surface effect, i.e. the surface roughness and its orientation, have been systematically varied throughout the experiments.
Effect of Fiber Orientation and Position on Fracture Resistance and Failure Mode of Cuspal Coverage Composite Restorations

Statement of Problem: Position and orientation of fiber may lead to increase load bearing capacity and prevent undesirable fractures in cuspal coverage composite restorations. Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the effect of fiber position and orientation on fracture resistance and failure mode of composite cusp capping restorations. Materials and method: In this experimental study, MOD cavities with 2.5mm cuspal reduction were prepared in 50 human maxillary premolars. The teeth were divided into five groups (n=10) and all teeth were restored with packable composite resin (P60). In the first group no fibers were applied. In the second group one strip of fiber was inserted into resin composite in buccal to palatal direction. In the third group two strips of fiber were inserted in buccal to palatal and mesial to distal direction by crossing in central part of cavity. In the forth group, one strip was directed from mesiobuccal to distopalatal and the other from distobuccal to mesiopalatal line angle. In the fifth group, two strips of fiber were inserted in buccal to palatal direction with 1.5 mm distance. The teeth were stored in water for 7 days in room temperature and then thermocycled 500 times between 6±2 and 60±2 centigrade degrees. The specimens were subjected to compressive loading perpendicular to the occlusal surface. The necessary fracture loads were recorded in (KN) and the results were statistically analyzed by Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests. Mode of fracture was analyzed by using Fisher test. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant increase of fracture load from control to the other four groups (p<0.05). There were statistically significant differences between second and third groups (p=0.034) as well as second and fifth groups (p=0.041). No significant differences were found between other pairs of groups. Also significant differences were observed in failure mode between composite restorations with and without fiber, except for second group (p<0.005). Conclusion: Fiber reinforced composites improve fracture resistance and failure mode of restorations with cusp capping. With increase use of fiber strips in special directions, fracture resistance will be rised. Key words: Fracture resistance- Failure mode- Cusp capping- Fiber- composite
When and where do we apply what we learn? A taxonomy for far transfer.

Despite a century's worth of research, arguments surrounding the question of whether far transfer occurs have made little progress toward resolution. The authors argue the reason for this confusion is a failure to specify various dimensions along which transfer can occur, resulting in comparisons of "apples and oranges. " They provide a framework that describes 9 relevant dimensions and show that the literature can productively be classified along these dimensions, with each study situated at the intersection of various dimensions. Estimation of a single effect size for far transfer is misguided in view of this complexity. The past 100 years of research shows that evidence for transfer under some conditions is substantial, but critical conditions for many key questions are untested.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF POINTS IN PROJECTIVE SPACE OF BOUNDED HEIGHT

In this paper we consider the uniform distribution of points in compact metric spaces. We assume that there exists a probability measure on the Borel subsets of the space which is invariant under a suitable group of isometries. In this setting we prove the analogue of Weyl's criterion and the Erdos-Tur an inequality by using orthogonal polynomials associated with the space and the measure. In particular, we discuss the special case of pro- jective space over completions of number elds in some detail. An invariant measure in these projective spaces is introduced, and the explicit formulas for the orthogonal polynomials in this case are given. Finally, using the analo- gous Erdos-Tur an inequality, we prove that the set of all projective points over the number eld with bounded Arakelov height is uniformly distributed with respect to the invariant measure as the bound increases.
Rescue of Learning and Memory Deficits in the Human Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability Cereblon Knock-Out Mouse Model by Targeting the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase–mTORC1 Translational Pathway

A homozygous nonsense mutation in the cereblon (CRBN) gene results in autosomal recessive, nonsyndromic intellectual disability that is devoid of other phenotypic features, suggesting a critical role of CRBN in mediating learning and memory. In this study, we demonstrate that adult male Crbn knock-out (CrbnKO) mice exhibit deficits in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory tasks that are recapitulated by focal knock-out of Crbn in the adult dorsal hippocampus, with no changes in social or repetitive behavior. Cellular studies identify deficits in long-term potentiation at Schaffer collateral CA1 synapses. We further show that Crbn is robustly expressed in the mouse hippocampus and CrbnKO mice exhibit hyperphosphorylated levels of AMPKα (Thr172). Examination of processes downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) finds that CrbnKO mice have a selective impairment in mediators of the mTORC1 translation initiation pathway in parallel with lower protein levels of postsynaptic density glutamatergic proteins and higher levels of excitatory presynaptic markers in the hippocampus with no change in markers of the unfolded protein response or autophagy pathways. Acute pharmacological inhibition of AMPK activity in adult CrbnKO mice rescues learning and memory deficits and normalizes hippocampal mTORC1 activity and postsynaptic glutamatergic proteins without altering excitatory presynaptic markers. Thus, this study identifies that loss of Crbn results in learning, memory, and synaptic defects as a consequence of exaggerated AMPK activity, inhibition of mTORC1 signaling, and decreased glutamatergic synaptic proteins. Thus, CrbnKO mice serve as an ideal model of intellectual disability to further explore molecular mechanisms of learning and memory. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Intellectual disability (ID) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. The cereblon (CRBN) gene has been linked to autosomal recessive, nonsyndromic ID, characterized by an intelligence quotient between 50 and 70 but devoid of other phenotypic features, making cereblon an ideal protein for the study of the fundamental aspects of learning and memory. Here, using the cereblon knock-out mouse model, we show that cereblon deficiency disrupts learning, memory, and synaptic function via AMP-activated protein kinase hyperactivity, downregulation of mTORC1, and dysregulation of excitatory synapses, with no changes in social or repetitive behaviors, consistent with findings in the human population. This establishes the cereblon knock-out mouse as a model of pure ID without the confounding behavioral phenotypes associated with other current models of ID.
Occurrence of Listeria spp. in retail meat and dairy products in the area of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND Listeriosis, a bacterial disease in humans and animals, is mostly caused by ingestion of Listeria monocytogenes via contaminated food and/or water, or by a zoonotic infection. Globally, listeriosis has in general a low incidence but a high case fatality rate. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence, antimicrobial profiles, and genetic relatedness of L. monocytogenes from raw meat and dairy products (raw milk, cottage cheese, cream cake), collected from the capital and five neighboring towns in Ethiopia. METHODS Two hundred forty food samples were purchased from July to December 2006 from food vendors, shops, and supermarkets, using a cross-sectional study design. L. monocytogenes were isolated and subjected to molecular serotyping. The genetic relatedness and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were investigated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and minimum inhibitory concentration determinations. RESULTS Of 240 food samples tested, 66 (27.5%) were positive for Listeria species. Of 59 viable isolates, 10 (4.1%) were L. monocytogenes. Nine were serotype 4b and one was 2b. Minimum inhibitory concentration determination and PFGE of the 10 L. monocytogenes isolates showed low occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among eight different PFGE types. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study correspond to similar research undertaken in Ethiopia by detecting L. monocytogenes with similar prevalence rates. Public education is crucial as regards the nature of this organism and relevant prevention measures. Moreover, further research in clinical samples should be carried out to estimate the prevalence and carrier rate in humans, and future investigations on foodborne outbreaks must include L. monocytogenes.
A European multicentre survey of impulse control behaviours in Parkinson's disease patients treated with short‐ and long‐acting dopamine agonists

Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated primarily with dopamine agonist (DA) use. Comparative surveys of clinical occurrence of impulse control behaviours on longer acting/transdermal DA therapy across age ranges are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of ICDs in PD patients across several European centres treated with short‐ or long‐acting [ropinirole (ROP); pramipexole (PPX)] and transdermal [rotigotine skin patch (RTG)] DAs, based on clinical survey as part of routine clinical care.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC, ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF WILD GUAVA I.E. CAREYA ARBOREA ROXB

Careyaarborea Roxb. is a medium-sized deciduous tree of 9 to 18 m height, surviving throughout India up to an altitude of 1,500 meters and other Asian countries. The tree belongs to Family Lecythidaceae and has folklore use in treating cold, cough, tumours, asthma, inflammations, ulcers and skin infections. The present review reveals updated, comprehensive and categorized information on pharmacognostical evaluation containing morphology as well as microscopic studies, ethnopharmacology, physiochemical parameters, preliminary photochemical screening, phytochemistry and elaborated pharmacological studies.
Nasal colonisation with MRSA in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

a b c d Asha Pai K B, Manjunath R Kamath, Vimal Kumar Karnaker, Gopalakrishnan M Associate professor, Department of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Associate Professor and consultant cardiac anaesthesiologist, Department of Anaesthesiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Chief cardiac surgeon, Department of CTVS, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore
The Performance of Spin Lock Alternatives for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors

The author examines the questions of whether there are efficient algorithms for software spin-waiting given hardware support for atomic instructions, or whether more complex kinds of hardware support are needed for performance. He considers the performance of a number of software spin-waiting algorithms. Arbitration for control of a lock is in many ways similar to arbitration for control of a network connecting a distributed system. He applies several of the static and dynamic arbitration methods originally developed for networks to spin locks. A novel method is proposed for explicitly queueing spinning processors in software by assigning each a unique number when it arrives at the lock. Control of the lock can then be passed to the next processor in line with minimal effect on other processors. >
Studying of thin film growth and annealing processes on early stage by computer simulation

Computer simulation of thin film growth and annealing processes on early stage at atomic and molecular level is one of the most important stages to study and increase high quality of obtained thin films or coatings. And in this paper, the computer simulation will be presented at different conditions to show which influence facts and their contribution on the quality of obtained films based on built models and algorithms. Basic numerical methods used in this work is a combination of two methods based on the specifics of thin film growth, in the random and self organization processes, we use Monte-Carlo method with a choice of number of particles and quasi-Newton method with the definition of the direction of particle's motion. Based on the kind of on-going process and deposition (or sputtering) materials, various sub models are built.
Rigidity and Persistence of Directed Graphs

Motivated by [1], [2] and [3], we consider here formations of autonomous agents in a 2-dimensional space. Each agent tries to maintain its distances toward a pre-specified group of other agents constant, and the problem is to determine if one can guarantee that the structure of the formation will persist, i.e., if the distance between any pair of agents will remain constant. A natural way to represent such a formation is to use a directed graph. We provide a theoretical framework for this problem, and give a formal definition of persistent graphs (a graph is persistent if almost all corresponding agents formations persist). Note that although persistence is related to rigidity (concerning which much is known [4]), these are two distinct notions. We then derive various properties of persistent graphs, and give a combinatorial criterion to decide persistence. We also define the notion of minimal persistence (persistence with least number of edges), and eventually, we apply these notion to the interesting special case of cycle-free graphs.
Studies on self-compacting high performance concrete with high volume mineral additives

In this paper, influences of sand ratio, the sort and content of mineral additives (fly ash, blast furnace slag and silica fume) and content of superplasticizers on the slump, slump-flow and compressive strength of self-compacting high performance concrete(SCHPC) were studied. Results showed that use 60% mineral additives (30% fly ash +30% slag) replace ordinary portland cement, the slump, slump flow, 28-day and 60-day compressive strength of the self-compacting high performance concrete could reach to 27.0cm, 69.0cm, 69.3MPa and 78.5MPa respectively.
Cancer‐associated mesenchymal stroma fosters the stemness of osteosarcoma cells in response to intratumoral acidosis via NF‐κB activation

The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary tumor of bone, has not been extensively elucidated. We have recently shown that OS is characterized by interstitial acidosis, a microenvironmental condition that is similar to a wound setting, in which mesenchymal reactive cells are activated to release mitogenic and chemotactic factors. We therefore intended to test the hypothesis that, in OS, acid‐activated MSC influence tumor cell behavior. Conditioned media or co‐culture with normal MSC previously incubated with short‐term acidosis (pH 6.8 for 10 hr, H+‐MSC) enhanced OS clonogenicity and invasion. This effect was mediated by NF‐κB pathway activation. In fact, deep‐sequencing analysis, confirmed by Real‐Time PCR and ELISA, demonstrated that H+‐MSC differentially induced a tissue remodeling phenotype with increased expression of RelA, RelB and NF‐κB1, and downstream, of CSF2/GM‐CSF, CSF3/G‐CSF and BMP2 colony‐promoting factors, and of chemokines (CCL5, CXCL5 and CXCL1), and cytokines (IL6 and IL8), with an increased expression of CXCR4. An increased expression of IL6 and IL8 were found only in normal stromal cells, but not in OS cells, and this was confirmed in tumor‐associated stromal cells isolated from OS tissue. Finally, H+‐MSC conditioned medium differentially promoted OS stemness (sarcosphere number, stem‐associated gene expression), and chemoresistance also via IL6 secretion. Our data support the hypothesis that the acidic OS microenvironment is a key factor for MSC activation, in turn promoting the secretion of paracrine factors that influence tumor behavior, a mechanism that holds the potential for future therapeutic interventions aimed to target OS.
Information flows and social capital in weblogs: a case study in the brazilian blogosphere

Blogs are tools for publishing information that have become very popular due to the way they facilitate the process of publishing on the Internet. Due to their popularity, blogs influence how information flows in cyberspace. This paper deals with the relations between bloggers' perceived social capital and motivations with the information they choose to publish. Based on a case study of a network of 48 weblogs, 32 interviews and 988 analyzed memes, we show how, for the studied case, information flow is influenced by bloggers' motivations and perceptions.
What Role Does “Elongation” Play in “Tool-Specific” Activation and Connectivity in the Dorsal and Ventral Visual Streams?

Images of tools induce stronger activation than images of nontools in a left-lateralized network that includes ventral-stream areas implicated in tool identification and dorsal-stream areas implicated in tool manipulation. Importantly, however, graspable tools tend to be elongated rather than stubby, and so the tool-selective responses in some of these areas may, to some extent, reflect sensitivity to elongation rather than "toolness" per se. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the role of elongation in driving tool-specific activation in the 2 streams and their interconnections. We showed that in some "tool-selective" areas, the coding of toolness and elongation coexisted, but in others, elongation and toolness were coded independently. Psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed that toolness, but not elongation, had a strong modulation of the connectivity between the ventral and dorsal streams. Dynamic causal modeling revealed that viewing tools (either elongated or stubby) increased the connectivity from the ventral- to the dorsal-stream tool-selective areas, but only viewing elongated tools increased the reciprocal connectivity between these areas. Overall, these data disentangle how toolness and elongation affect the activation and connectivity of the tool network and help to resolve recent controversies regarding the relative contribution of "toolness" versus elongation in driving dorsal-stream "tool-selective" areas.
Finance-Growth Volatility Nexus: Evidence from Lebanon

A generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model incorporating shocks of financial deepening and growth variables in the variance equation of the other variable respectably is used to investigate whether there is a significant bi-directional spillover of shocks between the two variables in Lebanon. We find that even though there is a bidirectional Granger-causality between financial deepening and economic growth after 7 months, financial deepening Granger-causes economic growth after one month and exhibit stronger feedbacks in both shocks and conditional variance. We offer some policy suggestions specific to the desired strategy intervention in the Lebanese economy that are consistent with our empirical results.