Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuronal Firing Sensitivity to Morphologic and Active Membrane Parameters

Both the excitability of a neuron's membrane, driven by active ion channels, and dendritic morphology contribute to neuronal firing dynamics, but the relative importance and interactions between these features remain poorly understood. Recent modeling studies have shown that different combinations of active conductances can evoke similar firing patterns, but have neglected how morphology might contribute to homeostasis. Parameterizing the morphology of a cylindrical dendrite, we introduce a novel application of mathematical sensitivity analysis that quantifies how dendritic length, diameter, and surface area influence neuronal firing, and compares these effects directly against those of active parameters. The method was applied to a model of neurons from goldfish Area II. These neurons exhibit, and likely contribute to, persistent activity in eye velocity storage, a simple model of working memory. We introduce sensitivity landscapes, defined by local sensitivity analyses of firing rate and gain to each parameter, performed globally across the parameter space. Principal directions over which sensitivity to all parameters varied most revealed intrinsic currents that most controlled model output. We found domains where different groups of parameters had the highest sensitivities, suggesting that interactions within each group shaped firing behaviors within each specific domain. Application of our method, and its characterization of which models were sensitive to general morphologic features, will lead to advances in understanding how realistic morphology participates in functional homeostasis. Significantly, we can predict which active conductances, and how many of them, will compensate for a given age- or development-related structural change, or will offset a morphologic perturbation resulting from trauma or neurodegenerative disorder, to restore normal function. Our method can be adapted to analyze any computational model. Thus, sensitivity landscapes, and the quantitative predictions they provide, can give new insight into mechanisms of homeostasis in any biological system.
The DEEP Groth Strip Survey. VI. Spectroscopic, Variability, and X-Ray Detection of Active Galactic Nuclei

We identify active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the Groth-Westphal Survey Strip (GSS) using the independent and complementary selection techniques of optical spectroscopy and photometric variability. We discuss the X-ray properties of these AGNs using Chandra/XMM-Newton data for this region. From a sample of 576 galaxies with high-quality spectra we identify 31 galaxies with AGN signatures. Seven of these have broad emission lines (Type 1 AGNs). We also identify 26 galaxies displaying nuclear variability in Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (HST WFPC2) images of the GSS separated by ~7 yr. The primary overlap of the two selected AGN samples is the set of broad-line AGNs, of which 80% appear as variable. Only a few narrow-line AGNs approach the variability threshold. The broad-line AGNs have an average redshift of ⟨z⟩ ≃ 1.1, while the other spectroscopic AGNs have redshifts closer to the mean of the general galaxy population (⟨z⟩ ≃ 0.7). Eighty percent of the identified broad-line AGNs are detected in X-rays, and these are among the most luminous X-ray sources in the GSS. Only one narrow-line AGN is X-ray detected. Of the variable nuclei galaxies within the X-ray survey, 27% are X-ray detected. We find that 1.9% ± 0.6% of GSS galaxies to Vgal = 24 are broad-line AGNs, 1.4% ± 0.5% are narrow-line AGNs, and 4.5% ± 1.4% contain variable nuclei. The fraction of spectroscopically identified BLAGNs and NLAGNs at z ~ 1 reveals a marginally significant increase of 1.3% ± 0.9% when compared to the local population.
Assessing the Likelihood of Transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum to Carrot by Potato Psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is a phloem-limited bacterium that severely affects important Solanaceae and Apiaceae crops, including potato, tomato, pepper, tobacco, carrot and celery. This bacterium is transmitted to solanaceous species by potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, and to Apiaceae by carrot psyllids, including Trioza apicalis and Bactericera trigonica. Five haplotypes of Lso have so far been described, two are associated with solanaceous species and potato psyllids, whereas the other three are associated with carrot and celery crops and carrot psyllids. Little is known about cross-transmission of Lso to carrot by potato psyllids or to potato by carrot psyllids. Thus, the present study assessed whether potato psyllid can transmit Lso to carrot and whether Lso haplotypes infecting solanaceous species can also infect carrot and lead to disease symptom development. In addition, the stylet probing behavior of potato psyllid on carrot was assessed using electropenetrography (EPG) technology to further elucidate potential Lso transmission to Apiaceae by this potato insect pest. Results showed that, while potato psyllids survived on carrot for several weeks when confined on the plants under controlled laboratory and field conditions, the insects generally failed to infect carrot plants with Lso. Only three of the 200 carrot plants assayed became infected with Lso and developed characteristic disease symptoms. Lso infection in the symptomatic carrot plants was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction assay and Lso in the carrots was determined to be of the haplotype B, which is associated with solanaceous species. EPG results further revealed that potato psyllids readily feed on carrot xylem but rarely probe into the phloem tissue, explaining why little to no Lso infection occurred during the controlled laboratory and field cage transmission trials. Results of our laboratory and field transmission studies, combined with our EPG results, suggest that the risk of Lso infection and spread between psyllid-infested solanaceous and Apiaceae crops is likely to be negligible under normal field conditions.
FRAGMENTS OF FREGE’S GRUNDGESETZE AND GÖDEL’S CONSTRUCTIBLE UNIVERSE

Abstract Frege’s Grundgesetze was one of the 19th century forerunners to contemporary set theory which was plagued by the Russell paradox. In recent years, it has been shown that subsystems of the Grundgesetze formed by restricting the comprehension schema are consistent. One aim of this paper is to ascertain how much set theory can be developed within these consistent fragments of the Grundgesetze, and our main theorem (Theorem 2.9) shows that there is a model of a fragment of the Grundgesetze which defines a model of all the axioms of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the exception of the power set axiom. The proof of this result appeals to Gödel’s constructible universe of sets and to Kripke and Platek’s idea of the projectum, as well as to a weak version of uniformization (which does not involve knowledge of Jensen’s fine structure theory). The axioms of the Grundgesetze are examples of abstraction principles, and the other primary aim of this paper is to articulate a sufficient condition for the consistency of abstraction principles with limited amounts of comprehension (Theorem 3.5). As an application, we resolve an analogue of the joint consistency problem in the predicative setting.
Systemes analysis of interactions between microRNAs and genes in hepatocellular carcinoma

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs and can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and/or translational levels. There is mounting evidence that miRNAs play an important role in the control of the dynamics of localized gene expression. Expression profiling of miRNA in various cancers revealed that miRNA profiles could discriminate malignancies from their counter parts. In this study, to investigate the localized effect of miRNA in cancer, we analyzed gene and miRNA expressions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and surrounding nontumor tissues. Based on gene expression levels around miRNAs, we investigated how many miRNAs correlated positively/negatively in expression with genes in the vicinity. Next, the Pearson correlation coefficients were compared between the HCC and nontumor tissues. The results imply that the relationship between the intronic miRNAs and their host genes was altered in HCC, and that feedback loops including the host gene, intronic miRNA, target genes might be formed in HCC.
Ribosome biogenesis in man: Current views on nucleolar structures and function

Nucleoli develop when preribosomes are synthesized at the chromosomal nucleolar organizer regions. Typically they consist of at least three nucleolar subcompartments, the fibrillar center (FC), the dense fibrillar component (DF), and the granular component (GC). The understanding of the functional arrangements of these subcompartments relates to aspects in cell biology, pathology, and virus research. In the present review morphological studies are discussed in the light of molecular findings. The available data confirm the hypothesis that rDNA transcription is connected with the DF but not necessarily with the presence of an FC. Within the DF, rDNA transcription is restricted to foci, possibly representing single transcribing genes. FCs may serve to store inactive transcription factors, to initiate rDNA transcription, and may provide structural support for transcription. The GC can be interpreted as a collection of maturing preribosomes. More recently the nucleolar subcompartments were focused on in the context of virus research and tumor biology.
Improving the OEEU's data-driven technological ecosystem's interoperability with GraphQL

A crucial part of data-driven ecosystems1 is the management and processing of complex data structures, as well as the proper handling of the data flows within the ecosystem. To manage these data flows, data-driven ecosystems need high levels of interoperability, as it allows the collaboration and independence of both internal and external components. REST APIs are a common solution to achieve interoperability, but sometimes they lack flexibility and performance. The arising of GraphQL APIs as a flexible, fast and stable protocol for data fetching makes it an interesting approach for data-intensive and complex data-driven (eco)systems. This paper outlines the GraphQL protocol and the benefits derived from its use, as well as it presents a case of study of the improvement experienced by the Observatory of Employment and Employability (also known as OEEU) ecosystem after including GraphQL as main API in several components. The results of the paper show promising improvements regarding the flexibility, maintainability and performance, among other benefits.
Skin cancer in liver transplant recipients

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy arising in the posttransplantation setting. Multiple factors contribute to the high risk for cutaneous carcinoma in immunosuppressed organ‐transplant recipients. We review the phenomenon of skin cancer in solid‐organ transplant recipients and further delineate the problem in the context of liver transplantation. Skin cancer is a significant medical and surgical problem for organ‐transplant recipients. With prolonged allograft function and patient survival, the majority of solid‐organ transplant recipients will eventually develop skin cancer. Although squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignancy in this population, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma, as well as uncommon skin malignancies, may occur. Highly susceptible patients may develop hundreds of squamous cell carcinomas, which may be life threatening. Management strategies focus on regular full‐skin and nodal examination, aggressive treatment of established malignancies, and prophylactic measures to reduce the risk for additional photodamage and malignant transformation. Skin cancer is a substantial cause of morbidity and even mortality among solid‐organ transplant recipients. As a byproduct of immunosuppression, liver transplant recipients experience a high incidence of skin cancer and should be educated and managed accordingly.
Approximation of viscosity solution by morphological filters

We consider in all curvature equation where G is a nondecreasing function and curv(u ) is the curvature of the level line passing by x . These equations are invariant with respect to any contrast change u → g(u) , with g nondecreasing. Consider the contrast invariant operator . A Matheron theorem asserts that all contrast invariant operator T can be put in a form . We show the asymptotic equivalence of both formulations. More precisely, we show that all curvature equations can be obtained as the iteration of Matheron operators where h → 0 and n → ∞ with nh=t .
Influence of pig manure, urea and combinations of their reduced levels on the performance of Amaranthus Cruentus in a rain0forest Ultisol

The influence of sole and combined application of pig manure and urea on the performance of Amaranthus cruentus at Umudike in a rainforest Ultisol was investigated for two years. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were six treatments consisting of pig manure applied at 90 kg N/ha (full dose of manure), urea applied at 60 kg N/ha (full dose of urea), ½ dose of manure (45 kg N/ha) + ½ dose of urea (30 kg N/ha), ¼ dose of manure (22.5 kg N/ha) + ¾ dose of dose of dose of urea (45 kg N/ha), ¾dose of manure (67.5 kg N/ha) + ¼ dose of urea (15 kg N/ha), and control (no manure, no urea). Amaranthus height was not significantly affected by the treatments when compared with the control, though the tallest plant height of 76.30 cm was obtained from the combination of ½ manure + ½ urea treatments. The overall results showed that the combination, ½ manure + ½ urea (i.e. 45 kg N/ha of pig manure + 30 kg N/ha of urea) gave significant (P < 0.05) increases in stem girth (17.42), number of leaves per plant (44.76), fresh yield (41.51 t/ha) and in the dry matter yield (3.49 t/ha) of Amaranthus than sole application of either of them, and is therefore recommended as the best for optimum production of Amaranthus in the study area. Keywords: Amaranthus, pig manure, urea, Ultisol.
Women’s experience regarding the role of health centers in empowering them for family planning

Background: Nowadays, the concept of family planning has been detached from the population control and it is expressed as an essential element in women’s reproductive rights, empowering them and promoting their status in society. Family planning services have an important role in fertility decisions using contraception methods in women. This study was carried out to explore the experience of women from the role of health centers in empowering them for family planning. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was performed on 37 married women who were volunteer and eligible for contraception as well as 8 staffs and directors of family planning services. They were selected useing purposeful sampling method in Isfahan, Iran. Data were collected by recording discussions of focused group in 7 sessions and 5 individual interviews. Conventional content analysis was used for coding and classification of data. Findings: Participants descriptions about the role of health centers in empowering the family planning was classified into 4 main categories including: encouraging male’s participation in family planning, providing comprehensive reproductive health services, expanding free services for family planning and appropriate technology for public awareness. Conclusions: Accessibility to health centers and offering free services for family planning are not sufficient for empowering women in terms of their fertility desires. The health centers should offer comprehensive reproductive health services and provide family planning services with a new approach for helping women and men to consciously and freely make a responsible decision in order to have more control over their fertility.
Evaluation of a Neuromechanical Walking Control Model Using Disturbance Experiments

Neuromechanical simulations have been used to study the spinal control of human locomotion which involves complex mechanical dynamics. So far, most neuromechanical simulation studies have focused on demonstrating the capability of a proposed control model in generating normal walking. As many of these models with competing control hypotheses can generate human-like normal walking behaviors, a more in-depth evaluation is required. Here, we conduct the more in-depth evaluation on a spinal-reflex-based control model using five representative gait disturbances, ranging from electrical stimulation to mechanical perturbation at individual leg joints and at the whole body. The immediate changes in muscle activations of the model are compared to those of humans across different gait phases and disturbance magnitudes. Remarkably similar response trends for the majority of investigated muscles and experimental conditions reinforce the plausibility of the reflex circuits of the model. However, the model's responses lack in amplitude for two experiments with whole body disturbances suggesting that in these cases the proposed reflex circuits need to be amplified by additional control structures such as location-specific cutaneous reflexes. A model that captures these selective amplifications would be able to explain both steady and reactive spinal control of human locomotion. Neuromechanical simulations that investigate hypothesized control models are complementary to gait experiments in better understanding the control of human locomotion.
Fourier Analysis of Left Ventricular Performance: Evaluation of Impedance Matching

Fourier analysis has been applied to simultaneously obtained ventricular pressure, ascending aortic pressure, and aortic flow in the closed- and open- chest dog and during infusion with isoproterenol, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine. Partial measurements were also obtained from a sheep and a primate. Impedance moduli and phases were calculated from the ventricular (forcing) and aortic (input) side of the aortic valve and compared. Forcing impedance was similar in form but larger than input impedance, and the phase became positive earlier. Ventricular and aortic powers were calculated and expressed as pressure power, kinetic energy power, and reactive power, along with their harmonic distributions. Mean pressure represented 80 to 91% of total load power but only 20 to 51% of total ventricular power. Calculated efficiency varied from 35% with isoproterenol infusion to 100% with norepinephrine, phenylephrine, and open-chest states. Control efficiency was 78%. The concept of impedance matching was investigated; maximal efficiency occurred with optimal matching. Internal resistance was shown to represent an easily measurable quantity which also partially corresponds to the more complex impedance measurement.
Cellular Composition and Three-Dimensional Organization of the Subventricular Germinal Zone in the Adult Mammalian Brain

The adult mammalian subventricular zone (SVZ) contains stem cells that give rise to neurons and glia. In vivo, SVZ progeny migrate 3–8 mm to the olfactory bulb, where they form neurons. We show here that the SVZ of the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles in adult mice is composed of neuroblasts, glial cells, and a novel putative precursor cell. The topographical organization of these cells suggests how neurogenesis and migration are integrated in this region. Type A cells had the ultrastructure of migrating neuronal precursors. These cells were arranged as chains parallel to the walls of the ventricle and were polysialylated neural adhesion cell molecule- (PSA–NCAM), TuJ1- (β-tubulin), and nestin-positive but GFAP- and vimentin-negative. Chains of Type A cells were ensheathed by two ultrastructurally distinct astrocytes (Type B1 and B2) that were GFAP-, vimentin-, and nestin-positive but PSA–NCAM- and TuJ1-negative. Type A and B2 (but not B1) cells incorporated [3H]thymidine. The most actively dividing cell in the SVZ corresponded to Type C cells, which had immature ultrastructural characteristics and were nestin-positive but negative to the other markers. Type C cells formed focal clusters closely associated with chains of Type A cells. Whereas Type C cells were present throughout the SVZ, they were not found in the rostral migratory stream that links the SVZ with the olfactory bulb. These results suggest that chains of migrating neuroblasts in the SVZ may be derived from Type C cells. Our results provide a topographical model for the adult SVZ and should serve as a basis for the in vivo identification of stem cells in the adult mammalian brain.
First-order and counting theories of ω-automatic structures

Abstract The logic extends first-order logic by a generalized form of counting quantifiers (“the number of elements satisfying … belongs to the set C”). This logic is investigated for structures with an injectively ω-automatic presentation. If first-order logic is extended by an infinity-quantifier, the resulting theory of any such structure is known to be decidable [6]. It is shown that, as in the case of automatic structures [21], also modulo-counting quantifiers as well as infinite cardinality quantifiers (“there are many elements satisfying …”) lead to decidable theories. For a structure of bounded degree with injective ω-automatic presentation, the fragment of that contains only effective quantifiers is shown to be decidable and an elementary algorithm for this decision is presented. Both assumptions (ω-automaticity and bounded degree) are necessary for this result to hold.
Semantic Processing Persists despite Anomalous Syntactic Category: ERP Evidence from Chinese Passive Sentences

The syntax-first model and the parallel/interactive models make different predictions regarding whether syntactic category processing has a temporal and functional primacy over semantic processing. To further resolve this issue, an event-related potential experiment was conducted on 24 Chinese speakers reading Chinese passive sentences with the passive marker BEI (NP1 + BEI + NP2 + Verb). This construction was selected because it is the most-commonly used Chinese passive and very much resembles German passives, upon which the syntax-first hypothesis was primarily based. We manipulated semantic consistency (consistent vs. inconsistent) and syntactic category (noun vs. verb) of the critical verb, yielding four conditions: CORRECT (correct sentences), SEMANTIC (semantic anomaly), SYNTACTIC (syntactic category anomaly), and COMBINED (combined anomalies). Results showed both N400 and P600 effects for sentences with semantic anomaly, with syntactic category anomaly, or with combined anomalies. Converging with recent findings of Chinese ERP studies on various constructions, our study provides further evidence that syntactic category processing does not precede semantic processing in reading Chinese.
Satori: Enlightened Page Sharing

We introduce Satori, an efficient and effective system for sharing memory in virtualised systems. Satori uses enlightenments in guest operating systems to detect sharing opportunities and manage the surplus memory that results from sharing. Our approach has three key benefits over existing systems: it is better able to detect short-lived sharing opportunities, it is efficient and incurs negligible overhead, and it maintains performance isolation between virtual machines. We present Satori in terms of hypervisor-agnostic design decisions, and also discuss our implementation for the Xen virtual machine monitor. In our evaluation, we show that Satori quickly exploits up to 94% of the maximum possible sharing with insignificant performance overhead. Furthermore, we demonstrate workloads where the additional memory improves macrobenchmark performance by a factor of two.