Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Reliability of a Three-Dimensional Photo System- (3dMDface-) Based Evaluation of the Face in Cleft Lip Infants

Ample data exists about the high precision of three-dimensional (3D) scanning devices and their data acquisition of the facial surface. However, a question remains regarding which facial landmarks are reliable if identified in 3D images taken under clinical circumstances. Sources of error to be addressed could be technical, user dependent, or patient respectively anatomy related. Based on clinical 3D photos taken with the 3dMDface system, the intra observer repeatability of 27 facial landmarks in six cleft lip (CL) infants and one non-CL infant was evaluated based on a total of over 1,100 measurements. Data acquisition was sometimes challenging but successful in all patients. The mean error was 0.86 mm, with a range of 0.39 mm (Exocanthion) to 2.21 mm (soft gonion). Typically, landmarks provided a small mean error but still showed quite a high variance in measurements, for example, exocanthion from 0.04 mm to 0.93 mm. Vice versa, relatively imprecise landmarks still provide accurate data regarding specific spatial planes. One must be aware of the fact that the degree of precision is dependent on landmarks and spatial planes in question. In clinical investigations, the degree of reliability for landmarks evaluated should be taken into account. Additional reliability can be achieved via multiple measuring.
Expression profiling of genes crucial for placental and preimplantation development in bovine in vivo, in vitro, and nuclear transfer blastocysts

Placental abnormalities and failed implantation are characterized phenotypes that occur in many species as a result of somatic cell cloning. This study examines a number of genes, critical for early placental development and reports aberrant expression patterns in a number of cloned bovine blastocysts, thus implicating a role of these genes in failed implantation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of eight genes critical for early placental and preimplantation development including Acrogranin, Cdx2, Eomes, ErbB3, ERR2, Hand1, MRJ, and Rex1 were analyzed in single, in vivo, in vitro, and cloned bovine blastocysts (produced by hand‐made cloning (HMC) and serial hand‐made cloning (SHMC)) following complementary DNA (cDNA) amplification with a SMART cDNA synthesis kit. Aberrant expression of Acrogranin, Cdx2, and ERR2 was detected in a number of blastocysts produced by SHMC. Other genes, Eomes and Hand1, were not detectable in, in vivo bovine blastocysts, suggesting a differential expression pattern between bovine and murine embryos. A number of control marker genes including Oct4, IFN‐τ, and PolyA were expressed in all single blastocysts analyzed. This is the first study to report that failure of implantation may be due to aberrant expression of genes in the preimplantation cloned embryo, which are crucial for the early regulation and differentiation of the placenta. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of serotype‐specific monoclonal antibodies to study the epidemiology of rotavirus infection

The development of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) capable of serotyping human rotavirus (HRV) in faecal extracts has enabled us to retrospectively study the epidemiology of rotavirus infection in Melbourne. Of 552 stored specimens obtained from individuals with rotavirus‐associated gastroenteritis between 1975 and 1986, the serotype could be determined in 62%. Infection was most prevalent in two groups, neonates and children aged between 12 and 24 months. In these groups infection was due to different serotypes, type 1 in older children and an untypable virus in infants. Serotype 1 strains were detected in greater numbers than the other serotypes and circulated in each year of the study. Serotype 2 rotaviruses were associated with a large epidemic in 1978, but have been detected only rarely since.
Structural Brain Connectome and Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson Disease.

Purpose To investigate the structural brain connectome in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in patients with PD without MCI. Materials and Methods This prospective study was approved by the local ethics committees, and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects prior to enrollment. The individual structural brain connectome of 170 patients with PD (54 with MCI, 116 without MCI) and 41 healthy control subjects was obtained by using deterministic diffusion-tensor tractography. A network-based statistic was used to assess structural connectivity differences among groups. Results Patients with PD and MCI had global network alterations when compared with both control subjects and patients with PD without MCI (range, P = .004 to P = .048). Relative to control subjects, patients with PD and MCI had a large basal ganglia and frontoparietal network with decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right hemisphere and a subnetwork with increased mean diffusivity (MD) involving similar regions bilaterally (P < .01). When compared with patients with PD without MCI, those with PD and MCI had a network with decreased FA, including basal ganglia and frontotemporoparietal regions bilaterally (P < .05). Similar findings were obtained by adjusting for motor disability (P < .05, permutation-corrected P = .06). At P < . 01, patients with PD and MCI did not show network alterations relative to patients with PD without MCI. Network FA and MD values were used to differentiate patients with PD and MCI from healthy control subjects and patients with PD without MCI with fair to good accuracy (cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [principal + secondary connected components] range, 0.75-0.85). Conclusion A disruption of structural connections between brain areas forming a network contributes to determine an altered information integration and organization and thus cognitive deficits in patients with PD. These results provide novel information concerning the structural substrates of MCI in patients with PD and may offer markers that can be used to differentiate between patients with PD and MCI and patients with PD without MCI. © RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Portraits of resilience: headteachers in two different cultures

This article provides two ‘portraits’ of headteachers in primary schools in England and Hong Kong, derived from semi-structured interviews with these individuals. Contrary to some claims that such a small sample is worthless, this article argues that what is most meaningful is sometimes derived from the singular and unique; that generalisations in education are as likely to be useful if they are ‘fuzzy’ generalisations as if they are from scientific or statistical generalisations; and that the individual case can strip away the clutter of large contexts and allow recognition of a common shared humanity. What these portraits also show is that responses to larger contexts are heavily dependent on personality and local context, and that if policy implementation and professional development are to have impact, then an attention to the personal and the local are going to be critical factors in any success in these areas.
Morphological features of larvae of Drusus plicatus Radovanović (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Macedonia with molecular, ecological, ethological, and distributional notes

Abstract A description of the larva of Drusus plicatus Radovanović is given for the first time. The most important diagnostic characters enabling separation from larvae of the other Drusinae from the southeast Europe are listed. Molecular, ecological, and ethological features and distribution patterns of the species are given. Additionally, information on the sympatric caddisfly species of the three springs where larvae and adults of Drusus plicatus were found and presented.
The Impact of Abdominoplasty After Massive Weight Loss: A Qualitative Study

AbstractA sharp increase in bariatric surgery has resulted in a spike in the population of patients seeking plastic surgery after massive weight loss. This study was undertaken to determine how patients experience plastic surgical removal of an overlap flap and how they benefit from the surgery. A content analysis of interviews with 10 patients who underwent abdominoplasty was carried out approximately 12 months after the procedure. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive reasoning. The data were then organized into categories that reflected emerging themes. All patients reported benefits in areas such as mental health, quality of life, or body image. Plastic surgery after weight loss improves psychosocial well-being. These results will influence the indication for a reconstructive operation in future and underline the need for reconstructive surgery in a multidisciplinary care program after weight loss surgery in morbidly obese patients.
Advances in Occupational Health: From a Stressful Beginning to a Positive Future †

The authors briefly review the literature on occupational health, including occupational medicine, occupational health psychology, and occupational safety, framing the current convergence of these from their scientific origins in preventive medicine and its most basic science of epidemiology, in psychology, and in engineering. They give attention to the burden of suffering, which concerns issues of morbidity and mortality within a population group, and consider both the economic and humanitarian perspectives of the burden of suffering, which may occur within a working population as a result of poor occupational health. The authors see reason for optimism for the future and identify two sets of emerging trends: one set that includes four positive advances—positive health, leadership, mood and emotions, and interventions—and one that falls under the authors' rubric of new horizons—technology, virtual work, globalization, and aging. The authors conclude with attention to zest at work, along with cardiovascular health and well-being.
Degree Modifiers of Adjectives in Spoken British English

This thesis investigates a set of degree modifiers of adjectives common in spoken British English. The main focus of the study is on generalizable semantic and intonational features, but attention is also given to the use of the modifiers in authentic speech in terms of frequency, collocability and intonation. The study explores the semantic constraints that govern the relationship between degree modifiers and adjectives in terms of their conceptualization. It is shown that the gradable features of adjectives must harmonize with the grading function of degree modifiers with respect to totality and scalarity for a successful match. The selection of degree modifiers by adjectives is predictable at the level of the type of gradability that the adjective represents. The study also explores the constraints that govern the intonation of degree modifiers. The placement of the nuclear tone and the shape of the tone are two variables which are constrained by the presupposition that an utterance relies on, the harmony between intonational meaning, speaker attitudes and the function of the degree modifier as to reinforcement and attenuation. The interplay between intonational meaning, discoursal meaning, attitudinal meaning, and the lexical meaning of the degree modifiersis shown to be governed by a principle of harmony. (Less)
The roles of social withdrawal, peer rejection, and victimization by peers in predicting loneliness and depressed mood in childhood

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative contributions of social withdrawal, peer rejection, and victimization by peers in predicting feelings of loneliness and depressed mood over time. According to the proposed model, the feelings of loneliness associated with social withdrawal are mediated by the negative peer experiences (negative peer status and peer victimization) to which withdrawn children are exposed. In predicting depressed mood over time, it was further hypothesized that self-reported loneliness ultimately mediates the subsequent depressed mood associated with withdrawal and negative peer experiences. The study was conducted across 2 consecutive years (Time 1 and Time 2), with children each year nominating peers for peer status, social withdrawal, and victimization measures, and completing self-report measures of loneliness and depressed mood. Fourth- and fifth-grade children participated at Time 1, and children that remained in the same school were again evaluated at Time 2 (N = 567). A series of regression analyses indicated that the postulated sequence of mediations adequately represented the pattern of longitudinal associations between the variables, as well as their pattern of change over time. The contribution of social withdrawal to the prediction of subsequent loneliness was accounted for by the expected pattern of mediations of negative peer experiences. Self-reported loneliness ultimately mediated the subsequent depressed mood associated with withdrawal and negative peer experiences.
Reasoning and personal epistemology: A critical reconstruction

This article aims to initiate a critical reconstruction of theory and research on reasoning and personal epistemology prompted by socio-philosophical critiques of rationalism and by a theoretical perspective according to which both discourses of knowledge and modes of thought are constituted in a power-infused sociocultural order structured materially and discursively by gender, ‘race,’ and socioeconomic class. A new qualitative methodology is introduced, particularizing participants in terms of their social location and modes of thought while also formulating cross-sectional analytical constructs. New analytical constructs for characterizing epistemic resources ostensibly brought into reasoning are interpretively induced from data through a quasi-inductive process informed by critical philosophical perspectives on knowledge. Theoretical implications point to the functional interplay of dominant and subversive discourses of knowledge in the constitution of thought, the complex assemblage of discursive resources flexibly deployed in reasoning, and the social constitution and biographical particularity of reasoners as epistemic agents.
Parents' Communication Styles and Their Influence on the Adolescents' Attachment, Intimacy and Achievement Motivation

The study aims to know if the four parents’ communication styles – loving, assertive, aggressive and passive - have an influence on the adolescents’ attachment style, level of intimacy and achievement motivation. This descriptive-correlational study – with 251 SLU students as respondents - reveals that adolescents perceive their parents’ communication style as loving; whereas, aggressive and passive styles are less likely perceived. Both aggressive and passive communication styles are related to the different insecure attachments. Assertive style is related to dismissing attachment instead of a secure attachment as previously hypothesized. Males are more secure while females are more fearful in their attachments. While males are more achievement-oriented; females are more inclined for intimate connections. Results have implications on improving parent-adolescent relationships.
Narcissistic Tendencies Among Actors

Building on a two-dimensional reconceptualization of grandiose narcissism, we investigated how narcissistic admiration (the tendency toward agentic self-promotion) and rivalry (the tendency toward other derogation) are related to acting. Study 1 (N = 583) showed that acting students scored higher on narcissistic admiration than students with other majors, but at the same time, the acting students scored lower on rivalry. In Study 2 (N = 283), we compared improvisational theater actors with a comparison group and found the same pattern: Admiration was higher, but rivalry was lower among the actors (across both self-reports and informant reports). Effects persisted when we controlled for sex, age, self-esteem, extraversion, and agreeableness. Additional analyses indicated that actors who were high in admiration were primarily motivated by applause. Taken together, these findings indicate that acting is an activity that attracts individuals with a strong narcissistic desire for admiration but repulses people with an inclination toward narcissistic other derogation.
Int-B13, an Unusual Site-Specific Recombinase of the Bacteriophage P4 Integrase Family, Is Responsible for Chromosomal Insertion of the 105-Kilobase clc Element ofPseudomonas sp. Strain B13

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 carries theclcRABDE genes encoding chlorocatechol-degradative enzymes on the self-transmissible 105-kb clc element. The element integrates site and orientation specifically into the chromosomes of various bacterial recipients, with a glycine tRNA structural gene (glyV) as the integration site. We report here the localization and nucleotide sequence of the integrase gene and the activity of the integrase gene product in mediating site-specific integration. The integrase gene (int-B13) was located near the right end of the clc element. It consisted of an open reading frame (ORF) of maximally 1,971 bp with a coding capacity for 657 amino acids (aa). The full-length protein (74 kDa) was observed upon overexpression and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation. The N-terminal 430 aa of the predicted Int-B13 protein had substantial similarity to integrases from bacteriophages of the P4 family, but Int-B13 was much larger than P4-type integrases. The C-terminal 220 aa of Int-B13 were homologous to an ORF flanking a gene cluster for naphthalene degradation inPseudomonas aeruginosa PaK1. Similar to the bacteriophages φR73 and P4, the clc element integrates into the 3′ end of the target tRNA gene. This target site was characterized from four different recipient strains into which the clc element integrated, showing sequence specificity of the integration. InPseudomonas sp. strain B13, a circular form of theclc element, which carries an 18-bp DNA sequence identical to the 3′-end portion of glyV as part of its attachment site (attP), could be detected. Upon chromosomal integration of the clc element into a bacterial attachment site (attB), a functional glyV was reconstructed at the right end of the element. The integration process could be demonstrated in RecA-deficient Escherichia coliwith two recombinant plasmids, one carrying the int-B13gene and the attP site and the other carrying theattB site of Pseudomonas putida F1.
From Netthinking to Networking to Netfeeling: Using Social Media to Help People in Job Transitions

The relational nature of humans and the importance of human society as a stage for human actions and emotions are some of the core assumptions of Individual Psychology. The quality of one’s ties to community is tested constantly, especially during transitions. This article explores the phenomenon of job transition in a context of general life transitions and the role of social media in maintaining one’s ties to community and one’s fulfillment of an Adlerian task of work. This article also investigates modern social media’s ability to strengthen one’s sense of a “net” and, ideally, to create a “netfeeling,” or Gemeinschaftsgefühl.
Women in Age-Discrepant Marriages

This research seeks to identify salient sociodemographic correlates of women's likelihood of marrying outside the normative age patterns. The data were drawn from the Public Use Sample of the 1980 Census. Logistic regression analyses show that Black women are significantly more likely than White women to be in age-heterogamous marriages. Marital history appears to be the strongest predictor of age-discrepant marriages - remarried subjects exhibit the highest probability of entering such unions. The analysis also suggests that wives who are heterogamous on other dimensions vis-à-vis their husbands are also more likely to be in age-heterogamous marriages.
Emil Theodor Kocher—Valve surgery for epilepsy

Emil Theodor Kocher (1841–1917) was a pioneering and versatile Swiss surgeon who played a decisive role in the surgical evolution on the threshold to the 20th century. Apart from conducting intense research and fostering the development of the surgical treatment of thyroid gland diseases (honored with a Nobel Prize in 1909), he remained a generalist and was active in orthopedic, genitourinary, and neurologic surgery. Even today, many surgical techniques and instruments are still named after him, thus providing evidence of his great impact. His neurosurgical ambitions included, in particular, cerebral and spinal trauma, the pathophysiology of elevated intracranial pressure, as well as etiological considerations and the operative treatment of epilepsy. This article aims to shed light on Kocher’s work on epilepsy, published exclusively in German, and illustrates the development of his idea on valve surgery for recurrent general convulsions.
The differences in the conceptualizations of autonomy by English language instructors regarding some variables

With the changing trends and approaches in education various new concepts have emerged. Of these, learner autonomy stands out as a major concept. This study examined how Turkish instructors of English conceptualize learner autonomy and what they do to promote learner autonomy in their particular teaching contexts. Additionally, the study aimed at investigating the differences in the conceptualizations of autonomy by English language instructors with respect to some variables such as the years of teaching experience, gender, the highest degree obtained, and the type of institution. A total of 109 instructors working in the Schools of Foreign Languages at four state and two private universities participated in the study. The data were collected through an adapted version of the questionnaire originally developed by Borg and Al-Busaidi (2012). Several differences were found in the participating instructors’ conceptualizations of learner autonomy with respect to gender and the type of institution. Female instructors were found to be more positive than their male counterparts about involving students in choosing their own learning materials. The study revealed that the instructors working at private universities, as compared to their colleagues working at state universities, were less in favor of involving students in the decisions about what would be learned, which learning materials would be used, and how learning would be assessed. Key words: Autonomy, English Language teaching, conceptualizations of autonomy, practices of autonomy, Turkish instructors.
Personalities in the crowd: Those who would escalate a sports riot

A series of four studies was conducted at ice hockey games with a view to establishing the correlates of spectator's self-reported reasons for attending and their propensity for involvement in crowd disturbances. Spectators attending for the reason of “I like to watch the fights” and those most likely to join in a fight if one were to break out in the stands were young, single males. Ratings on the dependent variables were further related to individual differences measures of assaultiveness, psychopathy, self-esteem, and public self-consciousness. Anomy was unrelated to either dependent measure. Support for the false consensus effect was additionally forthcoming. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Multilevel Model of Group Social Capital

We introduce the concept of group social capital—the set of resources made available to a group through members' social relationships within the social structure of the group and in the broader formal and informal structure of the organization. We argue that greater group social capital resources lead to greater group effectiveness and that there are many different conduits through which group social capital resources flow. We present a multilevel, multidimensional model arguing that an optimal balance of all these conduits maximizes group social capital resources and group effectiveness.