Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An ethno biopsychosocial human rights model for educating community counsellors globally

This paper presents a nine-dimensional model for community health care that is based on the recognition of human rights and is consistent with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights with its emphasis on the respect and dignity of individuals. The model is multi-faceted in that is takes into account biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of functioning, within the context of ethnic and cultural identities. The model is further consistent with the client-centered approach of counselling and health care grounded in a humanistic theoretical framework. Designed for application with individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds, this model can be implemented in countries throughout the world. Such an approach contributes to the growing field of human rights education. The model was presented at the midday workshop on “Grassroots & Professional Community Mental Health Education Models of Human Rights” at the Department of Public Information/Non-Governmental Organizations Conference on “Reaffirming Human Rights for All: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights at 60,” 3 September 2008 at UNESCO in Paris, France.
Multichannel blind source separation based on non-negative tensor factorization in wavenumber domain

Multichannel non-negative matrix factorization based on a spatial covariance model is one of the most promising techniques for blind source separation. However, this approach is not tractable for a large number of microphones, M, because the computational cost is of order O(M3) per time-frequency bin. To circumvent this drawback, we propose non-negative tensor factorization in the wavenumber domain, which reduces the cost to the order O(M). It transforms microphone signals into the spatial frequency domain, a technique that is commonly used for soundfield reconstruction. The proposed method is compared to several blind source separation (BSS) methods in terms of separation quality and computational cost.
A Network Integration Approach to Predict Conserved Regulators Related to Pathogenicity of Influenza and SARS-CoV Respiratory Viruses

Respiratory infections stemming from influenza viruses and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV) represent a serious public health threat as emerging pandemics. Despite efforts to identify the critical interactions of these viruses with host machinery, the key regulatory events that lead to disease pathology remain poorly targeted with therapeutics. Here we implement an integrated network interrogation approach, in which proteome and transcriptome datasets from infection of both viruses in human lung epithelial cells are utilized to predict regulatory genes involved in the host response. We take advantage of a novel “crowd-based” approach to identify and combine ranking metrics that isolate genes/proteins likely related to the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV and influenza virus. Subsequently, a multivariate regression model is used to compare predicted lung epithelial regulatory influences with data derived from other respiratory virus infection models. We predicted a small set of regulatory factors with conserved behavior for consideration as important components of viral pathogenesis that might also serve as therapeutic targets for intervention. Our results demonstrate the utility of integrating diverse ‘omic datasets to predict and prioritize regulatory features conserved across multiple pathogen infection models.
Unwanted sexual experiences and sexual risks in gay and bisexual men: Associations among revictimization, substance use, and psychiatric symptoms

Unwanted sexual experiences are associated with high‐risk sexual practices for HIV infection. The current study examined histories of unwanted sexual contact in childhood and adulthood in relation to HIV risk behavior in men who have sex with men. Men attending a large gay pride event in Atlanta, Georgia (N = 595) completed anonymous surveys measuring sexual history, substance use, sexual risk behavior, and symptoms of dissociation, trauma‐related anxiety, and borderline personality. Results showed that men who had been sexually coerced into unwanted sexual activity as adults were more likely to report being treated for substance abuse as well as use of crack cocaine and nitrite inhalants in the past 6 months. Sexually coerced men were also more likely to report high‐risk sexual behaviors and symptoms of dissociation, trauma‐related anxiety, and borderline personality. History of sexual victimization in childhood and revictimization in adulthood was not, however, associated with increased risk behavior over and above that seen in relation to adult unwanted sexual experiences. We conclude that sexual coercion is a significant problem among men who have sex with men, including increasing risk for HIV infection.
Searching for Housing as a Battered Woman: Does Discrimination Affect Reported Availability of a Rental Unit?

Individual battered women have reported experiencing housing discrimination, but the extent of this problem has not been examined. This research used two experiments and a survey to determine if landlord discrimination could keep women from accessing rental units. In Study 1, a confederate asked 181 landlords about the availability of a rental unit in one of three living conditions (shelter, friends, no mention of current living conditions) and across two scenarios (does or does not have a child). Rental units were almost 10 times more likely to be available in the control condition compared to the shelter condition, χ2(1, N = 181) = 8.624, p = . 003, and these results were not affected by whether or not the caller had a child, χ2(1, N = 181) = 0.214, p = . 644. In Study 2, the confederate was employed and left a message on 92 landlords' answering machines in the same three living conditions. The hypothesized comparison between the shelter and the other two conditions combined was significant, χ2(1, N = 92) = 4.602, p = . 032. Finally, in a telephone survey of 31 landlords, a substantial minority (23%) said they would not rent to a hypothetical battered woman. The results of our studies suggest that discrimination against battered women by landlords is a real problem that is likely contributing to the difficulties that women experience in finding safe and affordable long-term housing.
Demethylation of the PD-1 Promoter Is Imprinted during the Effector Phase of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion

ABSTRACT PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor that has a major role in T cell dysfunction during chronic infections and cancer. While demethylation of the PD-1 promoter DNA is observed in exhausted T cells isolated from chronically infected individuals, little is known about when this stable demethylation of PD-1 promoter DNA is programmed during the course of a chronic infection. To assess if PD-1 promoter DNA demethylation is impacted by prolonged stimulation during effector phase of chronic infection, we adoptively transferred virus-specific day 8 effector CD8 T cells from mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) clone 13 into recipient mice that had cleared an acute infection. We observed that LCMV-specific CD8 T cells from chronically infected mice maintained their surface expression of PD-1 even after transfer into acute immune mice until day 45 posttransfer. Interestingly, the PD-1 transcriptional regulatory region continued to remain unmethylated in these donor CD8 T cells generated from a chronic infection. The observed maintenance of PD-1 surface expression and the demethylated PD-1 promoter were not a result of residual antigen in the recipient mice, because similar results were seen when chronic infection-induced effector cells were transferred into mice infected with a variant strain of LCMV (LCMV V35A) bearing a mutation in the cognate major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) epitope that is recognized by the donor CD8 T cells. Importantly, the maintenance of PD-1 promoter demethylation in memory CD8 T cells was coupled with impaired clonal expansion and higher PD-1 re-expression upon secondary challenge. These data show that the imprinting of the epigenetic program of the inhibitory receptor PD-1 occurs during the effector phase of chronic viral infection. IMPORTANCE Since PD-1 is a major inhibitory receptor regulating T cell dysfunction during chronic viral infection and cancers, a better understanding of the mechanisms that regulate PD-1 expression is important. In this work, we demonstrate that the PD-1 epigenetic program in antigen-specific CD8 T cells is fixed during the priming phase of chronic infection.
Clinical Outcomes after Isolated Infrapopliteal Revascularization in Hemodialysis Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia: Endovascular Therapy versus Bypass Surgery

Aim: To investigate the long-term clinical outcome of endovascular therapy (EVT) or bypass surgery in patients on hemodialysis (HD) with critical limb ischemia due to isolated infrapopliteal disease. Methods: We enrolled 254 consecutive HD patients successfully undergoing infrapopliteal revascularization by EVT (126 patients) and bypass surgery (128 patients). They were followed up for five years. Amputation-free survival (AFS) and incidence of any re-intervention were evaluated. A propensity score from all baseline variables was incorporated into Cox analysis. Results: In the EVT group, age was higher (p = 0.039), diabetes and coronary artery disease were more frequent (p = 0.004 and p = 0.0052, respectively), and tissue loss was more rarely observed (p < 0.0001) than in the bypass group. During the follow-up period, 21 major amputations and 64 deaths occurred. The propensity score-adjusted AFS rate at 5 years was comparable between groups (61.0% in EVT group vs. 55.1% in the bypass group, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52–1.42, p = 0.58). The adjusted survival rates were also similar between groups for amputation and all-cause mortality. However, freedom from any reintervention was markedly lower in the EVT than in the bypass group (48.6% vs. 84.6%, adjusted-HR, 3.56, 95% CI 1.95–6.75, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The rate of AFS was broadly comparable between the two strategies, although compared with bypass surgery, EVT had much higher rates for re-intervention.
Conflict contagion: a temporal perspective on the development of conflict within teams

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to build theory and present a model of the development of conflicts in teams. Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops a conceptual model based on past theory and research. Findings – The model brings a multi-level perspective to the process of intragroup conflict by showing the mechanisms by which an interpersonal, dyadic conflict can spread to other team members over time through a process of conflict contagion. Originality/value – This study provides a new model for conflict escalation and it sheds light on factors which can either ameliorate or exacerbate the speed and extent of conflict contagion. The repercussions of different degrees of conflict involvement within a team are discussed.
Does pay‐for‐performance enhance perceived distributive justice for collectivistic employees?

Purpose – To examine the effect of pay‐for‐performance on distributive justice and the moderating effect of commitment performance appraisal in the case of Korean employees.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 28 companies and 656 employees. Moderated regression analyses were employed.Findings – Findings show that pay‐for‐performance enhances employees' perception of distributive justice only when there is a commitment performance appraisal practice. Additional analysis shows that the commitment performance appraisal practices of a company influence employee perceptions of such practices in a U‐shape fashion.Research limitations/implications – Since, data were collected from 28 companies, the results may need to be modified before being generalized to/for Korean companies.Practical implications – It is notable that only when accompanied by commitment performance appraisal does pay‐for‐performance enhance employee perception of distributive justice. Managers in Korean companies should con.
e-Justice: A Comparative Study of Computerization and Procedural Justice in Social Security

Procedural justice, which refers to the fairness of the process of decision making, is contrasted with substantive justice, which refers to the fairness of the outcomes. Extending the work of Mashaw, it is argued that there are six normative models of procedural justice: bureaucracy, professionalism, legality, managerialism, consumerism and markets. Using data from a comparative study of computerization in the social security systems of 10 countries in Europe, North America and Australasia, bureaucracy emerges as the dominant model, followed either by managerialism or by legality. Professionalism and the market are the least important models. The effect of computerization has been to intensify and entrench the bureaucratic and managerial models and undermine the professional model. In addition to presenting general trends, the paper also presents and attempts to account for differences between the 10 countries in the study.
Risk and adult social care: Identification, management and new policies. What does UK research evidence tell us?

Risk is a central defining feature and area of concern in adult social care provision, but what do we actually know about how service users, carers and practitioners define and manage risk? This question is increasingly important as current policy advocates greater service user choice and control through a range of self-directed support mechanisms, and statutory duties and professional boundaries are challenged. This paper reports the results of a recently completed UK based scoping review that investigated how different groups of adult social care service users and service providers perceive and understand the everyday risks they face. It highlights how different management strategies are also adopted by different groups of people, which can lead to tensions and potential conflict between practitioners, service users and informal carers. However, whilst some areas of risk in adult social care have been the focus of considerable research, others appear to have been largely ignored. The voices of some groups of users remain hidden and apparently of little concern. These gaps and inconsistencies will be identified and discussed in relation to current policy developments and their implications.
On the relation between the signing and reading skills of deaf bilinguals

Abstract In this paper, we will describe the theoretical underpinning of many bilingual education programs for deaf children: Cummins' Linguistic Interdependence theory. Then, we will review some of the studies that have been conducted on the relation between reading and signing skills, and discuss how difficult it is to interpret their findings within Cummins' framework. We will present new data on the relation between deaf children's vocabulary knowledge and morpho-syntactic skills in Sign Language of the Netherlands and spoken Dutch that imply that Cummins' theory may be too narrow as an educational model of bilingual programs for deaf children.
Endogenous reverse transcription assays reveal high-level resistance to the triphosphate of (-)2'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine by mutated M184V human immunodeficiency virus type 1

Kinetic analysis showed that the Ki values and the Ki/Km ratios for mutated, recombinant M184V human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) for (-)2'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine triphosphate (3TCTP) were 35-fold higher than the equivalent values for wild-type RT but only about twice as high as the equivalent values for each of the triphosphates of ddC (ddCTP) and ddA (ddATP). Fully endogenous RT assays showed that viruses containing the M184V substitution were highly resistant to 3TCTP, with an increase in the 50% inhibitory concentration of 250-fold in comparison with wild-type recombinant virus.
Monitoring Reading Growth Using Student Recalls: Effects of Two Teacher Feedback Systems

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare two types of teacher feedback, using an ongoing measurement system that involved students’ performance on a reading recall task. Twenty-two teachers were assigned randomly to two treatment groups. In the performance indicator feedback group, teachers received graphs that displayed students’ total number of content words retold over time; in the performance indicator with qualitative feedback group, teachers received graphs along with a structured analysis of the story components students included in their recalls. Teachers used the monitoring systems for 15 weeks, with 41 students with reading problems. Multivariate analyses of covariance indicated that teachers in the performance indicator with qualitative feedback group wrote more specific instructional plans and effected better growth with their pupils. Achievement differences were larger as the outcome measures related more directly to the recall task embedded within the ongoing measurement system. Impl.
Energy metabolism defects in Huntington's disease and effects of coenzyme Q10

We investigated whether the Huntington's desease (HD) gene mutation may produce either primary or secondary effects on energy metalbolism. 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated a significant decrease in the phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratio in resting muscle of 8 patients as compared with 8 control subjects. The cerebrospinal fluid lactate‐pyruvate ratio was significantly increased in 15 patients as compared with 13 control subjects. Lactate concentrations assessed using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy are increased in Huntington's disease cerebral cortex. Treatment with coenzyme Q10, an essential cofactor of the electron transport chain, resulted in significant decreases in cortical lactate concentrations in 18 patients, which reversed following withdrawal of therapy. These findings provide evidence for a generalized energy defect in Huntington's disease, and suggest a possible therapy.
Differential Influences of Family Processes for Scientifically Talented Individuals' Academic Achievement Along Developmental Stages

Differential influences of various family processes for students of science talent and students in general education from Grades 4 to 12 and Science Olympians in Korea were examined by administering Korean Inventory of Parental Influence. Korean Science Olympians were additionally interviewed about their family and school experiences. Family processes were perceived more frequently or more strongly by scientifically talented students and younger students than general-education students and older students, respectively. Supportive and conducive family processes were maintained even in the high-school period in the families of scientifically talented students, whereas they decreased as students in general education get older. Father's involvement emerged as the most influential predictor of mathematics and science achievement, whereas press for intellectual development was a significant predictor for grade-point average (GPA). Parents may need to maintain the conducive and supportive family processes even for their high-school children in order to nurture their talents in mathematics and science.
Coping with fear in early childhood: Comparing fiction with reality

Coping with fear as it features in fiction and in the lives of young [4‐ to 6‐year‐old] children is the central focus of this investigation. Firstly [Study 1], picture books were analysed for their portrayal of coping, coding the coping strategies in terms of primary control [changing objective conditions], secondary control [adapting to objective conditions], and relinquished control [doing nothing]. In Study 2,5‐to 6‐year‐old children participated in the construction and resolution of a story, thus giving their perspectives on coping. Finally [Study 3], parents responded to a questionnaire concerning how these children cope with fear in reality. Across all parts of this investigation, secondary control is most consistently associated with effective coping. Areas of divergence, particularly between adult and child views, are also evident.
Traffic load distribution in large-scale and dense wireless sensor networks

Because of the dominating many-to-one communication pattern, traffic load is not evenly distributed over the nodes in a wireless sensor network (WSN). In a large-scale WSN, the multi-hop routing even deteriorates this traffic load imbalance by accumulating traffic flows along their paths to the sink. Understanding the traffic load distribution can guide the network-wide energy allocation, direct the design of routing algorithms, and optimize the node deployment in WSNs. In this paper, we consider a large-scale and dense WSN with nodes evenly deployed in a disk area, and find the traffic load distribution over the nodes as a function of their distances from the sink. Further, the effects of network scale and routing hop length on traffic load distribution are also investigated. The traffic loads of individual nodes are found to be in direct proportion to the radius of the network and in inverse proportion to the mean routing hop length, while independent of network density. The results presented in this paper are verified through extensive simulation experiments.
Fuzzy logic and image processing techniques for the interpretation of seismic data

Since interpretation of seismic data is usually a tedious and repetitive task, the ability to do so automatically or semi-automatically has become an important objective of recent research. We believe that the vagueness and uncertainty in the interpretation process makes fuzzy logic an appropriate tool to deal with seismic data. In this work we developed a semi-automated fuzzy inference system to detect the internal architecture of a mass transport complex (MTC) in seismic images. We propose that the observed characteristics of a MTC can be expressed as fuzzy if-then rules consisting of linguistic values associated with fuzzy membership functions. The constructions of the fuzzy inference system and various image processing techniques are presented. We conclude that this is a well-suited problem for fuzzy logic since the application of the proposed methodology yields a semi-automatically interpreted MTC which closely resembles the MTC from expert manual interpretation.