Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Falls Risk Prediction Tools Correctly Identify Fall-Prone Elderly Rehabilitation Inpatients? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Falls of elderly people may cause permanent disability or death. Particularly susceptible are elderly patients in rehabilitation hospitals. We systematically reviewed the literature to identify falls prediction tools available for assessing elderly inpatients in rehabilitation hospitals. Methods and Findings We searched six electronic databases using comprehensive search strategies developed for each database. Estimates of sensitivity and specificity were plotted in ROC space graphs and pooled across studies. Our search identified three studies which assessed the prediction properties of falls prediction tools in a total of 754 elderly inpatients in rehabilitation hospitals. Only the STRATIFY tool was assessed in all three studies; the other identified tools (PJC-FRAT and DOWNTON) were assessed by a single study. For a STRATIFY cut-score of two, pooled sensitivity was 73% (95%CI 63 to 81%) and pooled specificity was 42% (95%CI 34 to 51%). An indirect comparison of the tools across studies indicated that the DOWNTON tool has the highest sensitivity (92%), while the PJC-FRAT offers the best balance between sensitivity and specificity (73% and 75%, respectively). All studies presented major methodological limitations. Conclusions We did not identify any tool which had an optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity, or which were clearly better than a simple clinical judgment of risk of falling. The limited number of identified studies with major methodological limitations impairs sound conclusions on the usefulness of falls risk prediction tools in geriatric rehabilitation hospitals.
Inter-relationships between environmental factors, personal experiences and behaviour following childbirth: a longitudinal study

Using reciprocal determinism as a model an examination of the interrelationships between environmental factors, personal experiences and behaviour following childbirth was undertaken. Three different samples of women were studied. Each group had given birth under different environmental conditions. The first sample gave birth in a hospital which practiced routines that led to separation of the mother and child; the second comprised women who gave birth to a premature infant; and the third was of young low socio-economic status mothers. The women were interviewed while still in the hospital, in the home when the children were three months old, and again when they were eighteen months old. Background biographical data were recorded and home environments assessed in order to determine the past and current environments of these mothers and their children. A schedule for observing mother-infant interactive behaviours was developed for each home visit. Behaviours were recorded for ten minutes on each occasion. Factor analysis of this data produced seven factors for each age period. Social contacts with another adult proved to be important to mothers when the children were three months old. At the eighteen months visit the childrens' increased independent activity produced several child behaviour factors. Loving, playing and child-care behaviours also proved important. Interview data provided information on the mothers' personal experiences on each occasion. Content analysis scales were used to assess their
Array shape estimation from sources of opportunity

The radiated signatures of ships transiting through an area can be used as natural sources of opportunity for the estimation of array element locations (AEL) and waveguide environmental parameters (e.g. water column sound speed structure, bathymetry, and seafloor geoacoustic characteristics). Using a full-wave model of shallow water acoustic propagation, a matched field processing approach for AEL is demonstrated with horizontal line array data from SWellEx-96 and extended using a simple parametric representation of the array shape along with a genetic algorithm global search strategy.
Effects of Thiazide on the Expression of TRPV5, Calbindin-D28K, and Sodium Transporters in Hypercalciuric Rats

TRPV5 is believed to play an important role in the regulation of urinary calcium excretion. We assessed the effects of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on the expression of TRPV5, calbindin-D28K, and several sodium transporters in hypercalciuric rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups; control, HCTZ, high salt, and high salt with HCTZ group in experiment 1; control, HCTZ, high calcium (Ca), and high Ca with HCTZ group in experiment 2. To quantitate the expression of TRPV5, calbindin-D28K, and sodium transporters, western blotting was performed. In both experiments, HCTZ significantly decreased urinary calcium excretion. TRPV5 protein abundance decreased in all hypercalciuric rats, and restored by HCTZ in both high salt with HCTZ and high Ca with HCTZ group. Calbindin-D28K protein abundance increased in the high salt and high salt with HCTZ groups, but did not differ among groups in experiment 2. Protein abundance of NHE3 and NKCC2 decreased in all hypercalciuric rats, and were restored by HCTZ in only high Ca-induced hypercalciuric rats. In summary, protein abundance of TRPV5, NHE3, and NKCC2 decreased in all hypercalciuric rats. The hypocalciuric effect of HCTZ is associated with increased protein abundance of TRPV5 in high salt or calcium diet-induced hypercalciuric rats.
Effect of Royal Jelly on Bisphenol A-Induced Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells

Royal jelly is known as a functional food containing many useful minerals. In this study, we found an anti-environmental estrogen activity of royal jelly. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental estrogen that stimulates proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Royal jelly inhibited the growth-promoting effect of BPA on MCF-7 cells, even though it did not affect the proliferation of cells in the absence of BPA. In addition, this inhibiting effect of royal jelly was heat-stable.
Depresión y ansiedad en personas con deficiencia auditiva: revisión de literatura

La presente investigacion se centra en el estudio de la depresion y ansiedad en personas con deficiencia auditiva, y tiene como objetivo analizar criticamente el conocimiento producido en las investigaciones publicadas durante el periodo 1993-2007.Es una investigacion teorico descriptiva de tipo documental, con tres nucleos tematicos: deficiencia auditiva y trastornos de ansiedad, deficiencia auditiva y trastornos del estado de animo, y deficiencia auditiva y trastornos de ansiedad y del estado de animo. Se concluye que las personas con deficiencia auditiva presentan mayor presencia de sintomas emocionales y comportamentales, tienen menores niveles de calidad de vida, y presentan una mayor vulnerabilidad al desarrollo de trastornos de ansiedad y del estado de animo, en comparacion con las personas oyentes.
Microarray analysis of polychlorinated biphenyl mixture–induced changes in gene expression among Atlantic tomcod populations displaying differential sensitivity to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons

Several populations of fishes inhabiting contaminated Atlantic Coast estuaries exhibit resistance to early life‐stage (ELS) toxicities induced by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). These toxicities include mortality, circulatory failure, edema, and craniofacial malformations. The mechanisms behind resistance to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity in these populations are unknown. First and second generation Atlantic tomcod Microgadus tomcod embryos derived from the Hudson River ([HR]; New York, USA) population are highly resistant to PCB‐induced cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) expression and ELS toxicity when compared to embryos of Miramichi River ([MR]; New Brunswick, Canada) and Shinnecock Bay ([SB]; New York, USA) origin. The present study sought to identify novel genes involved in population differences in response to PCB exposure using custom microarrays. Microarray probes consisted of unsequenced inserts of randomly picked clones from a tomcod cardiac cDNA library. Tomcod embryos from three populations (HR, MR, and SB) were exposed to two doses of an environmentally relevant mixture of coplanar PCBs and screened for dose‐ and population‐specific patterns of gene expression. Clones displaying significant differences between populations exposed to the high dose of PCBs were identified by DNA sequencing. Of the 28 identified nonribosomal protein clones, none displayed expression patterns highly similar to CYP1A (altered in MR and SB, but not in HR). However, several transcripts representing biomarkers of cardiomyopathy in mammals (cardiac troponin T2, cathepsin L, and atrial natriuretic peptide) were differentially altered among the three tomcod populations by PCBs. Although the present study did not identify any novel genes associated with PCB resistance in tomcod, several potential molecular biomarkers of PCB exposure were revealed.
Calling under pressure: short-finned pilot whales make social calls during deep foraging dives

Toothed whales rely on sound to echolocate prey and communicate with conspecifics, but little is known about how extreme pressure affects pneumatic sound production in deep-diving species with a limited air supply. The short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) is a highly social species among the deep-diving toothed whales, in which individuals socialize at the surface but leave their social group in pursuit of prey at depths of up to 1000 m. To investigate if these animals communicate acoustically at depth and test whether hydrostatic pressure affects communication signals, acoustic DTAGs logging sound, depth and orientation were attached to 12 pilot whales. Tagged whales produced tonal calls during deep foraging dives at depths of up to 800 m. Mean call output and duration decreased with depth despite the increased distance to conspecifics at the surface. This shows that the energy content of calls is lower at depths where lungs are collapsed and where the air volume available for sound generation is limited by ambient pressure. Frequency content was unaffected, providing a possible cue for group or species identification of diving whales. Social calls may be important to maintain social ties for foraging animals, but may be impacted adversely by vessel noise.
Locally Excluding a Minor

We introduce the concept of locally excluded minors. Graph classes locally excluding a minor are a common generalisation of the concept of excluded minor classes and of graph classes with bounded local tree-width. We show that first-order model-checking is fixed-parameter tractable on any class of graphs locally excluding a minor. This strictly generalises analogous results by Flum and Grohe on excluded minor classes and Frick and Grohe on classes with bounded local tree-width. As an important consequence of the proof we obtain fixed-parameter algorithms for problems such as dominating or independent set on graph classes excluding a minor, where now the parameter is the size of the dominating set and the excluded minor. We also study graph classes with excluded minors, where the minor may grow slowly with the size of the graphs and show that again, first-order model-checking is fixed-parameter tractable on any such class of graphs.
Gender differences in the household-headship and nutritional status of pre-school children.

BACKGROUND In genera self declared female headed-households in most developing countries tend to be poorer, own less and have less access to job opportunities. OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status of pre-schoolers by gender differentiation of heads of households. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in February 2003. SETTING Four beneficiary villages registered under the Ethio-Danish joint community development programme in North Ethiopia. SUBJECTS A total of 144 heads of random systematically selected households regrouped as male-headed (n = 96) and female-headed households (n = 48) with their respective preschoolers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Nutritional status of two groups of children categorised by gender of the head of household. RESULTS The number of pre-schoolers from male-headed households was 1.54 as opposed to the female-headed households (1.08). The proportion of stunted and underweight pre-schoolers was significantly higher in female headed-households than in the male-headed households while the prevalence of wasting was practically similar. The proportion of vaccinated and breastfed children, although not statistically significant, was higher in male headed households while the practice of colostrums feeding, giving water and butter, vitamin A and appropriate weaning was better in female headed households. The difference noted in prevalence of feeding colostrums was significant. The energy, protein and vitamin A intake in almost all of the households was below the recommended daily allowances; showing a nutrient adequacy ratio of 50.2%, 48.8% and 17.9% respectively whereas iron intake exceeded 100%. The energy, protein, vitamin A and iron intake was better in the male-headed households than in female-headed households. The difference, however, was statistically significant for energy only. CONCLUSION This study delineated that chronic child under-nutrition is not only higher among female children but also in female headed households and hence the implication of gender biased violation of the right to nutrition security. Other important implication of this study is that apart from gender issues alternative livelihood options that promote healthy behaviours, such as, improving the provision of health services and curbing the harmful traditional practices that may have a dual impact on the well being of mothers and children is recommended.
Motivation and engagement in inquiry based learning with one to one iPads

Inquiry based learning using iPad computers was investigated to determine if there was an increase in motivation and engagement using this educational intervention. A multi case study of four students was conducted using pretest/posttest design, classroom observation, and follow up interviews with students and teachers. Three students showed gains in five or six motivation and engagement categories and a loss in one or two or no categories as measured by the Motivation and Engagement Scale-Junior School. One student’s already high scores were stable except for showing a decrease in one category. Whole-interval sampling during iPad use and class discussion of inquiry searches showed intense engagement. Student themes indicated inquiry based learning with iPads was a good way to learn, that teacher and parental support were important to them, that choice and responsibility was appreciated, as were the ability to redo tests and assignments. Teacher themes indicated that inquiry based learning with iPads increased motivation and engagement, that students developed critical/deeper thinking skills, and became more selfreliant learners. Further exploration of this teaching method is recommended. ENGAGEMENT, TECHNOLOGY, AND INQUIRY iii
Retinol-Binding Protein 4 in Human Obesity

Studies in mice suggest that adipocytes serve as glucose sensors and regulate systemic glucose metabolism through release of serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4). This model has not been validated in humans. RBP4 was highly expressed in isolated mature human adipocytes and secreted by differentiating human adipocytes. In contrast to the animal data, RBP4 mRNA was downregulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women, and circulating RBP4 concentrations were similar in normal weight, overweight, and obese women (n = 74). RBP4 was positively correlated with GLUT4 expression in adipose tissue, independent of any obesity-associated variable. Five percent weight loss slightly decreased adipose RBP4 expression but did not influence circulating RBP4. In another set of experiments, we stratified patients (n = 14) by low or high basal fasting interstitial glucose concentrations, as determined by the microdialysis technique. Venous glucose concentrations were similar throughout oral glucose tolerance testing, and basal RBP4 expression in adipose tissue and serum RBP4 concentrations were similar in the groups with higher and lower interstitial glucose levels. Our findings point to profound differences between rodents and humans in the regulation of adipose or circulating RBP4 and challenge the notion that glucose uptake by adipocytes has a dominant role in the regulation of RBP4.
Leverage Constraints and the International Transmission of Shocks

Recent macroeconomic experience has drawn attention to the importance of interdependence among countries through financial markets and institutions, independently of traditional trade linkages. This paper develops a model of the international transmission of shocks due to interdependent portfolio holdings among leverage-constrained investors. In our model, without leverage constraints on investment, financial integration itself has no implication for international macro comovements. When leverage constraints bind, however, the presence of these constraints in combination with diversified portfolios introduces a powerful financial transmission channel that results in a positive comovement of production, independently of the size of international trade linkages. In addition, the paper shows that with binding leverage constraints, the type of financial integration is critical for international comovement. If international financial markets allow for trade only in noncontingent bonds, but not equities, then the international comovement of shocks is "negative". Thus, with leverage constraints, moving from bond trade to equity trade reverses the sign of the international transmission of shocks. Copyright (c) 2010 The Ohio State University.
Embodied Interaction: Language And Body In The Material World

1. Embodied interaction in the material world: an introduction Jurgen Streeck, Charles Goodwin and Curtis LeBaron Part I. Founding Capacities: 2. Collaborative construction of multimodal utterances Edwin Hutchins and Saeko Nomura 3. Formal structures of practical tasks: a resource for action in the social life of very young children Gene H. Lerner, Don H. Zimmerman and Mardi Kidwell 4. Elements of formulation N. J. Enfield 5. The changing meanings of things: found objects and inscriptions in social interaction Jurgen Streeck 6. Choreographies of attention: multimodality in a routine family activity Eve Tulbert and Marjorie Harness Goodwin 7. Some functions of speaker head nods Hiromi Aoki 8. The multimodal mechanics of collaborative unit construction in Japanese conversation Shimako Iwasaki Part II. Transformational Ecologies: 9. Creating contexts for actions: multimodal practices for managing children's conduct in the childcare classroom Siri Mehus 10. Multilingual multimodality: communicative difficulties and their solutions in second language use Marianne Gullberg 11. On the use of graphic resources in interaction by people with communication disorders Ray Wilkinson, Steven Bloch and Michael Clarke 12. Terra incognita: social interaction among blind children Sharon Avital and Jurgen Streeck 13. Contextures of action Charles Goodwin 14. 'A full inspiration tray': multimodality across real and virtual spaces Elizabeth Keating and Chiho Sunakawa Part III. Professional Communities: 15. The organization of concurrent courses of action in surgical demonstrations Lorenza Mondada 16. Pursuing a response: prodding recognition and expertise within a surgical team Alan Zemel, Timothy Koschmann and Curtis LeBaron 17. Building stories: the embodied narration of what might come to pass Keith M. Murphy 18. Embodied arguments: verbal claims and bodily evidence Julien C. Mirivel 19. Facilitating tool use in the photography studio through language, gesture, and the act of comparison Scott Phillabaum 20. Gesture and institutional interaction Christian Heath and Paul Luff 21. Musical spaces John B. Haviland.
Development in context : acting and thinking in specific environments

Contents: R.H. Wozniak, K.W. Fischer, Development in Context: An Introduction. Part I:Ecosystems, Affordances, Transactions, and Skills: Theories of Person/Situation Interaction. U. Bronfenbrenner, The Ecology of Cognitive Development: Research Models and Fugitive Findings. E.S. Reed, The Intention to Use a Specific Affordance: A Conceptual Framework for Psychology. R.H. Wozniak, Co-Constructive Metatheory for Psychology: Implications for an Analysis of Families as Specific Social Contexts for Development. K.W. Fischer, D.H. Bullock, E.J. Rotenberg, P. Raya, The Dynamics of Competence: How Context Contributes Directly to Skill. Part II:Context and the Acquisition of Sociocultural Knowledge. B. Rogoff, Children's Guided Participation and Participatory Appropriation in Sociocultural Activity. R.M. Downs, L.S. Liben, Mediating the Environment: Communicating, Appropriating, and Developing Graphic Representations of Place. N. Granott, Patterns of Interaction in the Co-Construction of Knowledge: Separate Minds, Joint Effort, and Weird Creatures. Part III:Social Systems as Specific Contexts for Development. I.E. Sigel, E.T. Stinson, M-I. Kim, Socialization of Cognition: The Distancing Model. D.H. Feldman, Cultural Organisms in the Development of Great Potential: Referees, Termites, and the Aspen Music Festival. Part IV:Commentaries. J.A. Meacham, Where Is the Social Environment? A Commentary on Reed. W. Kessen, Rumble or Revolution: A Commentary.
Brand creation vs acquisition in portfolio expansion strategy

Purpose – This paper seeks to address the following question: What causes firms to choose brand creation vs brand acquisition for brand portfolio expansion? Design/methodology/approach – A multilevel interdisciplinary conceptual model is developed with nine factors at three levels of influence: the market, firm, and brand portfolio. Using 125 brand acquisitions and creations for 22 firms between 2001 and 2007, the model is tested using logistic regression to determine which factors significantly influence brand portfolio expansion strategy and whether they encourage acquisition or creation.Findings – Significant factors were found at the market and firm levels, with competitive intensity of the market having the strongest effect, followed by the firm's financial leverage, market concentration, and market growth.Practical implications – Contrary to prior expectations, external factors at the market and firm levels have an impact on choice of acquisition vs creation. However, internal firm factors may serve .
Stabilization of a class of stochastic nonlinear time-delay systems

In this paper, the stabilization problem is considered for a class of nonlinear continuous stochastic systems with state delays. The purpose of this problem is to design a state feedback controller such that the closedloop system is exponentially stable (or exponentially ultimately bounded) in the mean square, for all admissible nonlinearities and time-delays. We first investigate the sufficient conditions for the nonlinear stochastic time-delay systems to be stable, and then derive the explicit expression of the desired controller gains. A numerical simulation example is provided to show the usefulness of the proposed design method.