Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A regulatory focus perspective on eating behavior: how prevention and promotion focus relates to emotional, external, and restrained eating

By applying regulatory focus theory (RFT) to the context of eating behavior, the present research examines the relations between individual differences in the two motivational orientations as conceptualized in RFT, that is, prevention-focused and promotion-focused self-regulation and emotional, external, and restrained eating. Building on a representative study conducted in the Netherlands (N = 4,230), it is documented that individual differences in prevention focus are positively related to emotional eating whereas negligible associations are found in regards to external and restrained eating. Individual differences in promotion focus are positively related to external eating whereas negligible associations are found in regards to emotional and restrained eating. In relating RFT to different eating styles we were able to document significant relations of basic self-regulatory orientations with regard to essential daily behavior associated with health and well-being. The implications for changing eating styles are discussed.
Twenty-two years' experience with childhood-onset SLE in a developing country: are outcomes similar to developed countries?

Introduction The outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has dramatically improved since the introduction of corticosteroids; however, although many regimens of treatment have been supplemented, the mortality has not improved further. Objective To describe the severity and outcome in patients diagnosed with SLE aged ≤18 years in a group of Thai children, compare gender and age differences, and our outcomes with those from developed countries. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed the files of patients aged ≤18 years diagnosed with SLE admitted to Songklanagarind University Hospital in southern Thailand, for the period 1985–2007. Patient survival rates were calculated. Results There were 213 SLE patients, 41 males and 172 females, average age 11.6±2.6 years, with a median follow-up of 3.6 years. Outcomes were alive (109), lost to follow-up (22), referred (31) or deceased (51). Of the patients who were alive, 23 were not on any treatment, 59 were on prednisolone alone while 27 were on prednisolone plus some other immunosuppressive drug. Total survival rates were 88%, 76% and 64% at 2, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Males had significantly worse survival than females at 2 and 5 years (78% vs 91% and 58% vs 80%, respectively, p=0.018). There were no differences in mortality between age groups. The 5-year survival rates in the periods 1985–1993, 1994–2000 and 2001–2007 were not significantly different. Conclusion This retrospective study of patients with SLE in southern Thailand showed different outcomes compared to some studies and similar survival rates and treatment status to other studies, with one-fourth of surviving patients being free of medication.
Different Metabolic Pathways Are Involved in Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to L-A and M Viruses

Competitive and naturally occurring yeast killer phenotype is governed by coinfection with dsRNA viruses. Long-term relationship between the host cell and viruses appear to be beneficial and co-adaptive; however, the impact of viral dsRNA on the host gene expression has barely been investigated. Here, we determined the transcriptomic profiles of the host Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon the loss of the M-2 dsRNA alone and the M-2 along with the L-A-lus dsRNAs. We provide a comprehensive study based on the high-throughput RNA-Seq data, Gene Ontology and the analysis of the interaction networks. We identified 486 genes differentially expressed after curing yeast cells of the M-2 dsRNA and 715 genes affected by the elimination of both M-2 and L-A-lus dsRNAs. We report that most of the transcriptional responses induced by viral dsRNAs are moderate. Differently expressed genes are related to ribosome biogenesis, mitochondrial functions, stress response, biosynthesis of lipids and amino acids. Our study also provided insight into the virus–host and virus–virus interplays.
Air–water flows and free-surface profiles on a non-uniform stepped chute

Comparative experiments were conducted between uniform and non-uniform stepped spillway profiles in a large-size laboratory facility. For each stepped configuration, the air concentration distributions matched the advective diffusion equation and the interfacial velocity was well correlated with a power law. A comparison of the air–water flow properties showed small differences in terms of number of entrained air bubbles, chord sizes and turbulence characteristics between the different configurations. For the non-uniform steps, larger flow instabilities and stronger variation in the air–water flow properties were observed. Further some non-intrusive measurements were performed with acoustic displacement metres to characterize the free-surface profiles, free-surface fluctuations and free-surface wave celerity in both non-aerated and aerated flow regions. The experiments highlighted a close agreement between experimental data and theoretical predictions in the non-aerated flows and with conductivity probe data in the aerated flows. The non-intrusive technique was suitable for measuring the free-surface characteristics on stepped chutes, especially in the non-aerated flow region.
Ischemic Heart Disease, Atherosclerosis, and Longevity

IN THE LATE 1940's Duff and McMillan' 2 made the remarkable observation that alloxan-diabetic rabbits developed equal or higher blood cholesterol levels, but markedly less atherosclerosis, than did nondiabetic rabbits fed an equivalent high-cholesterol diet. From the excessive visible lipemia characteristic of the alloxan-diabetic rabbits in this experiment, Duff and McMillan surmised that the physical state of blood cholesterol might be altered in the alloxanized animals and that this alteration might account for their lower degree of atherosclerosis. During those same years, the difficulties attending the study of serum macromolecules in the ultracentrifuge were understood and resolved.3-5 It was shown that in humans and in several other mammalian species a spectrum of lipoproteins, bearing cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids, existed spontaneously or could be induced by a variety of experimental means. In the rabbit it was demonstrated early6' 7that aortic atherogenesis, at least, was strongly related to the serum level of lipoproteins of a rather narrow size-range, the level of lipoproteins larger or smaller in size being unrelated to the rate of development of the atherosclerotic lesion. The Duff observations were explained when it was demonstrated that the alloxanized, cholesterol-fed rabbit transported its massive concentrations of cholesterol in lipoproteins of Sf values greater than 80, with almost no transport in the form of atherosclerosis-associated Sf 12-40 lipoproteins.7
A Hybrid Neural Network and Traditional Approach for Forecasting Lumpy Demand

Accurate demand forecasting is one of the most key issues in inventory management of spare parts. The problem of modeling future consumption becomes especially difficult for lumpy patterns, which characterized by intervals in which there is no demand and, periods with actual demand occurrences with large variation in demand levels. However, many of the forecasting methods may perform poorly when demand for an item is lumpy. In this study based on the characteristic of lumpy demand patterns of spare parts a hybrid forecasting approach has been developed, which use a multi-layered perceptron neural network and a traditional recursive method for forecasting future demands. In the described approach the multi-layered perceptron are adapted to forecast occurrences of non-zero demands, and then a conventional recursive method is used to estimate the quantity of non-zero demands. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, their forecasts were compared to those obtained by using Syntetos & Boylan approximation, recently employed multi-layered perceptron neural network, generalized regression neural network and elman recurrent neural network in this area. The models were applied to forecast future demand of spare parts of Arak Petrochemical Company in Iran, using 30 types of real data sets. The results indicate that the forecasts obtained by using our proposed mode are superior to those obtained by using other methods
Immediate Incubation Reduces Indeterminate Results for QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Assay

ABSTRACT In vitro gamma interferon release assays (IGRAs) are increasingly used as an alternative to the traditional tuberculin skin test for the diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Evaluation of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube assay (QFT-IT) prior to large-scale implementation at the Stanford Hospital and Clinics for a health care worker screening program revealed a critical preanalytical factor affecting the results. We found that incubation delay significantly increased the frequency of indeterminate results. In this study, QFT-IT was performed with samples from healthy volunteers, and replicate tubes were incubated at 37°C either immediately or after a delay at room temperature for 6 and 12 h. No indeterminate results (0/41) were seen when the assay was performed with immediate incubation. Incubation delays of 6 and 12 h yielded indeterminate results at rates of 10% (2/20) (P = 0.10) and 17.1% (7/41) (P = 0.01), respectively. The increased rate of indeterminate results was due to a decrease in the mean values for the mitogen-nil tubes when incubation was delayed for 6 h (P = 0.004) and 12 h (P < 0.001). The rates of concordance of positive or negative results obtained following immediate incubation and following 6- and 12-h delays were 77.8% (14/18) and 79.4% (27/34), respectively. Subsequent implementation of the immediate incubation procedure in our screening program for 14,830 health care workers yielded an indeterminate result rate of 0.36% over a period of 12 months, a significant improvement over the reported rates of 5 to 40% for QFT-IT. We conclude that immediate incubation of QFT-IT tubes is an effective way to minimize indeterminate results. The effect of incubation delay on the accuracy of QFT-IT remains to be determined.
Linear Precoding for Broadcast Channels with Confidential Messages under Transmit-Side Channel Correlation

In this paper, we analyze the performance of regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding in multiple-input single-output (MISO) broadcast channels with confidential messages under transmit-side channel correlation. We derive a deterministic equivalent for the achievable per-user secrecy rate which is almost surely exact as the number of transmit antennas and the number of users grow to infinity in a fixed ratio, and we determine the optimal regularization parameter that maximizes the deterministic equivalent of the secrecy rate. Furthermore, we obtain deterministic equivalents for the secrecy rates achievable by: (i) zero forcing precoding and (ii) single user beamforming. The accuracy of our analysis is validated by simulations of finite-size systems.
Cell-Cycle Dependent Expression of a Translocation-Mediated Fusion Oncogene Mediates Checkpoint Adaptation in Rhabdomyosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most commonly occurring soft-tissue sarcoma in childhood. Most rhabdomyosarcoma falls into one of two biologically distinct subgroups represented by alveolar or embryonal histology. The alveolar subtype harbors a translocation-mediated PAX3:FOXO1A fusion gene and has an extremely poor prognosis. However, tumor cells have heterogeneous expression for the fusion gene. Using a conditional genetic mouse model as well as human tumor cell lines, we show that that Pax3:Foxo1a expression is enriched in G2 and triggers a transcriptional program conducive to checkpoint adaptation under stress conditions such as irradiation in vitro and in vivo. Pax3:Foxo1a also tolerizes tumor cells to clinically-established chemotherapy agents and emerging molecularly-targeted agents. Thus, the surprisingly dynamic regulation of the Pax3:Foxo1a locus is a paradigm that has important implications for the way in which oncogenes are modeled in cancer cells.
Complete flatmounting of the macaque cerebral cortex

The elaborate folding of the brain surface has posed a practical impediment to investigators engaged in mapping the areas of the cerebral cortex. This obstacle has been overcome partially by the development of methods to erase the sulci and gyri by physically flattening the cortex prior to sectioning. In this study, we have prepared a step-by-step atlas of the flatmounting process for the entire cerebral cortex in the macaque monkey. The cortex was dissected from the white matter, unfolded, and flattened in a single piece of tissue by making three relieving cuts. The flatmount was sectioned at 60–75 μm and processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO) or myelin. From animal to animal there was nearly a twofold variation in the surface area of individual cortical regions, and of the whole cortex. In each specimen, a close correlation was found between V1 surface area (mean = 1343 mm2), V2 surface area (mean = 1012 mm2), hippocampal area (mean = 181 mm2), and total cerebral cortex area (mean = 10,430 mm2). The complete pattern of CO stripes in area V2 was labeled clearly in several cases; the number of cycles of thick-pale-thin-pale stripes ranged from 26 to 34. Characteristic patterns of strong CO activity were encountered in areas V3, MT, auditory and somatosensory cortex. In some animals we made injections of a retrograde tracer, gold-conjugated cholera toxin B subunit, into area V2 to identify all sources of cortical input. In addition to previously described inputs, we identified three new regions in the occipitotemporal region that project to V2. Flatmounting the cerebral cortex is a simple, efficient method that can be used routinely for mapping areas and connections in the macaque brain, the most widely used primate model of the human brain.
Seasonality in human mortality: results for the City of Novi Sad (Serbia)

Seasonal variation in mortality has long been recognized and confirmed in diverse studies by demographers, climatologists, medics, sociologists etc. Existing research suggests that most world regions experience increase in mortality during winter period and that coun- tries and regions in temperate climate have higher winter mortality than regions in colder climate. As well, numerous studies have so far demonstrated temperature-related mortality associations with increased risk due to both heat-related and cold-related death. The objective of this paper is to research seasonal variations in mortality due to seasonal changes in average air temperature among urban population of Novi Sad (Serbia). The analysis covered the period between 1953 and 2013 for both total and old population (65 and over) by gender and for all-cause mortality, while causes of death were observed only for the 1998-2013 period. This paper considers only cardiovascular diseases I00-I99 (CVD) according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD, version 10). Seasonal changes in mortality were observed using the coefficient of seasonal variation in mortality (CSVM) while the data were split into five periods in order to research temporal changes. Results for CSVM indicated that mortality in winter period was higher than mortality in non-winter periods, whilst the analysis of the temperature-related mortality suggests that low temperature caused an increase in mortality over the entire year. De- spite the confirmed seasonal changes in mortality and the evidence for temperature-related mortality, this research has recognized a declining trend in population vulnerabil- ity over time.
Proof Mining: A Systematic Way of Analysing Proofs in Mathematics

We call proof mining the process of logically analyzing proofs in mathematics with the aim of obtaining new information. In this survey paper we discuss, by means of examples from mathematics, some of the main techniques used in proof mining. We show that those techniques not only apply to proofs based on classical logic, but also to proofs which involve non-effective principles such as the attainment of the infimum of f in C[0,1] and the convergence for bounded monotone sequences of reals. We also report on recent case studies in approximation theory and fixed point theory where new results were obtained.
Organ distribution of quantum dots after intraperitoneal administration, with special reference to area-specific distribution in the brain

Quantum dots (QDs) are well known for their potential application in biosensing, ex vivo live-cell imaging and in vivo animal targeting. The brain is a challenging organ for drug delivery, because the blood brain barrier (BBB) functions as a gatekeeper guarding the body from exogenous substances. Here, we evaluated the distribution of bioconjugated QDs, i.e., captopril-conjugated QDs (QDs-cap) following intraperitoneal injection into male ICR mice as a model system for determining the tissue localization of QDs, employing ICP-MS and confocal microscopy coupled with spectrometric analysis. We have demonstrated that intraperitoneally administered QDs-cap were delivered via systemic blood circulation into liver, spleen, kidney and brain at 6 h after injection. QDs-cap were located predominantly inside the blood vessels in the liver, kidney and brain, but a few were distributed in the parenchyma, especially noteworthy in the brain. Careful studies on acute as well as chronic toxicity of QDs in the brain are required prior to clinical application to humans.
Population Genetic Structure of Nebraska Paddlefish Based on Mitochondrial DNA Variation

Abstract Eighty-three paddlefish Polyodon spathula that were collected from 1995 to 1999 from the Missouri River Galvins Point Dam tailwater were analyzed for genetic variation in the mitochondrial DNA d-loop region. Additional samples from Montana, South Dakota, and Louisiana were used for comparative purposes. To facilitate the efficient analysis of numerous paddlefish samples, we applied a method that employs polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) to resolve restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing of 10 paddlefish revealed 22 polymorphic sites. Polymerase chain reaction–RFLP analysis of 93 paddlefish using three restriction enzymes detected six of the polymorphic sites and revealed six distinct haplotypes. All of the observed haplotypes were found in the Missouri River Galvins Point Dam tailwater. No temporal differentiation was observed among the 1995, 1998, and 1999 samples from the Missouri River Galvins Point Dam tailwater. P.
Capacity of the Gaussian Two-Hop Full-Duplex Relay Channel With Residual Self-Interference

In this paper, we investigate the capacity of the Gaussian two-hop full-duplex (FD) relay channel with residual self-interference. This channel is comprised of a source, an FD relay, and a destination, where a direct source-destination link does not exist and the FD relay is impaired by residual self-interference. We adopt the worst case linear self-interference model with respect to the channel capacity, and model the residual self-interference as a Gaussian random variable whose variance depends on the amplitude of the transmit symbol of the relay. For this channel, we derive the capacity and propose an explicit capacity-achieving coding scheme. Thereby, we show that the optimal input distribution at the source is Gaussian and its variance depends on the amplitude of the transmit symbol of the relay. On the other hand, the optimal input distribution at the relay is discrete or Gaussian, where the latter case occurs only when the relay-destination link is the bottleneck link. The derived capacity converges to the capacity of the two-hop ideal FD relay channel without self-interference and to the capacity of the two-hop half-duplex (HD) relay channel in the limiting cases when the residual self-interference is zero and infinite, respectively. Our numerical results show that significant performance gains are achieved with the proposed capacity-achieving coding scheme compared with the achievable rates of conventional HD relaying and/or conventional FD relaying.
The Impact of Compartment Syndrome on Hospital Length of Stay and Charges Among Adult Patients Admitted With a Fracture of the Tibia

Objectives: To compare hospital charges and length of stay in a series of adult patients with isolated, otherwise uncomplicated tibia fractures with and without acute compartment syndrome (ACS). Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: Urban Level I trauma center. Patients: Forty-six previously healthy adults with isolated tibia fractures (open or closed), with or without ACS but without other complication, associated injury, or social circumstance that influenced hospital stay or charges. Intervention: Intramedullary nailing in all patients with immediate fasciotomy and delayed fasciotomy closure in the subset of patients who developed ACS. Main Outcome Measure: Hospital length of stay in days and hospital charges. Results: Forty-six otherwise uncomplicated patients with isolated tibial shaft fractures were identified. Twelve fractures were open. ACS occurred in five patients, all with closed fractures. In 41 patients without ACS (12 open fractures, 29 closed fractures), the mean hospital stay was 3.0 days and mean hospital charges were $23,800. The five patients with ACS underwent a mean of 1.6 additional surgeries to treat the fasciotomy wound, were hospitalized for a mean of 9.0 days, and the mean hospital charges were $49,700. These differences were highly significant for hospital stay (P < 0.005) and charges (P < 0.00004). In contrast, there were no differences in length of stay or hospital charges in patients with closed or open fractures, respectively. Conclusion: The cost of ACS is significant, resulting in hospital stays that are increased threefold and hospital charges that are more than doubled in this cohort of patients. The impact of compartment syndrome on these factors was more important than whether the fracture was open or closed. In addition to the obvious benefit to the patient, methods that decrease the incidence of compartment syndrome and need for fasciotomy such as improved diagnosis to prevent unnecessary fasciotomy and methods to reduce intramuscular pressure and avoid fasciotomy in cases of incipient ACS would also be of value in reducing medical costs.
Comments on “Interference-Based Capacity Analysis of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks”

A new effective interference-based capacity model was proposed for vehicular ad hoc network safety message broadcast scenario in M. Ni et al. (Commun. Lett., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 621–624, Apr. 2015). This letter is a reconsideration and extension of the model in Ni et al. First, we point out that the analysis in Ni et al. is incomplete and show a new derivation of the node transmission probability and the SIR distribution accounting for the impact of asynchronous timing of hidden terminals and all possible interference occurrence cases. Second, the analysis is extended to the derivation of other important quality of service metrics, such as packet reception probability, packet reception ratio, and transmission capacity. The proposed analysis is cross validated by MATLAB, PYTHON, and NS2 simulations.