Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed development in an intra-national, intra-organisational context: an experience report

This paper reports from a study investigating distributed development in an intra-national and intra-organisational company context. The study gives an insight into issues related to, and strategies for successful distributed development seen in a project at Ericsson Microwave Systems. We conclude that regular, informal communication is the single most important factor for success in the project, with important roles in improving motivation and coordination. The leader's role in setting clear and transparent project priorities, and the use of iterative development methods with regular deliverables between sites, are identified as key elements of success. The context of the study is a relatively undemanding but common distributed development context, and the issues raised and strategies found to be effective are likely to be relevant to broader distributed development enterprises.
The role of ethnicity in predicting diabetes risk at the population level

Background. The current form of the Diabetes Population Risk Tool (DPoRT) includes a non-specific category of ethnicity in concordance with publicly data available. Given the importance of ethnicity in influencing diabetes risk and its significance in a multi-ethnic population, it is prudent to determine its influence on a population-based risk prediction tool. Objective. To apply and compare the DPoRT with a modified version that includes detailed ethnic information in Canada's largest and most ethnically diverse province. Methods. Two additional diabetes prediction models were created: a model that contained predictors specific to the following ethnic groups – White, Black, Asian, south Asian, and First Nation; and a reference model which did not include a term for ethnicity. In addition to discrimination and calibration, 10-year diabetes incidence was compared. The algorithms were developed in Ontario using the 1996–1997 National Population Health Survey (N=19,861) and validated in the 2000/2001 Canadian Community Health Survey (N=26,465). Results. All non-white ethnicities were associated with higher risk for developing diabetes with south Asians having the highest risk. Discrimination was similar (0.75–0.77) and sufficient calibration was maintained for all models except the detailed ethnicity models for males. DPoRT produced the lowest overall ratio between observed and predicted diabetes risk. DPoRT identified more high risk cases than the other algorithms in males, whereas in females both DPoRT and the full ethnicity model identified more high risk cases. Overall DPoRT and full ethnicity algorithms were very similar in terms of predictive accuracy and population risk. Conclusion. Although from the individual risk perspective, incorporating information on ethnicity is important, when predicting new cases of diabetes at the population level and accounting for other risk factors, detailed ethnic information did not improve the discrimination and accuracy of the model or identify significantly more diabetes cases in the population.
Geo-CoMM: A geo-community based mobility model

The paper proposes a new mobility model able to properly reproduce the spatial, temporal and social features that can be observed in real mobility datasets. The model, named Geo-CoMM, is based on the quantities that guide human mobility and their probability distributions by directly extracting their setting from the statistical analysis of GPS-based traces. In Geo-CoMM, people move within a set of geo-communities, i.e. locations loosely shared among people, following speed, pause time and choice rules whose distribution is obtained by the statistical analysis; similarly, inside a geo-community, people move according to a Lévy walk. The paper also introduces a methodology to derive social relationships from traces, by representing the system (node, geocommunity) as a bipartite graph whose projections on nodes indicate the strength of the relationships amongst nodes. Finally, simulation results are presented to show how the model correctly reproduces all the statistics of some real trace datasets through a simple setting of environment parameters.
Identification and Functional Analysis of Pheromone and Receptor Genes in the B3 Mating Locus of Pleurotus eryngii

Pleurotus eryngii has recently become a major cultivated mushroom; it uses tetrapolar heterothallism as a part of its reproductive process. Sexual development progresses only when the A and B mating types are compatible. Such mating incompatibility occasionally limits the efficiency of breeding programs in which crossing within loci-shared strains or backcrossing strategies are employed. Therefore, understanding the mating system in edible mushroom fungi will help provide a short cut in the development of new strains. We isolated and identified pheromone and receptor genes in the B3 locus of P. eryngii and performed a functional analysis of the genes in the mating process by transformation. A genomic DNA library was constructed to map the entire mating-type locus. The B3 locus was found to contain four pheromone precursor genes and four receptor genes. Remarkably, receptor PESTE3.3. 1 has just 34 amino acid residues in its C-terminal cytoplasmic region; therefore, it seems likely to be a receptor-like gene. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (real-time qRT-PCR) revealed that most pheromone and receptor genes showed significantly higher expression in monokaryotic cells than dikaryotic cells. The pheromone genes PEphb3.1 and PEphb3.3 and the receptor gene PESTE3.3. 1 were transformed into P5 (A3B4). The transformants were mated with a tester strain (A4B4), and the progeny showed clamp connections and a normal fruiting body, which indicates the proposed role of these genes in mating and fruiting processes. This result also confirms that PESTE3.3. 1 is a receptor gene. In this study, we identified pheromone and receptor genes in the B3 locus of P. eryngii and found that some of those genes appear to play a role in the mating and fruiting processes. These results might help elucidate the mechanism of fruiting differentiation and improve breeding efficiency.
The evolution of internal waves in a rotating, stratified, circular basin and the influence of weakly nonlinear and nonhydrostatic accelerations

The evolution of internal waves in a two‐layer rotating circular lake was studied under nonlinear and weak nonhydrostatic effects. Inclusion of nonlinear acceleration allowed the waves to steepen at the rear of the crest in deep lakes, forming a front with time. The nonhydrostatic acceleration is shown to counteract this wave steeping, leading to wave dispersion, and when the two effects are in balance, solitary‐type waves can form. It is shown that a Kelvin wave evolves by imparting energy primarily to submodes of the parent cyclonic wave by steepening and to solitary‐type waves. By contrast, a Poincaré wave is shown to evolve without shedding much of its energy to other waves, and only a small fraction of the wave energy goes to other submodes, and this is not lost from the parent wave but rather is periodically transferred back into the parent wave. When both Kelvin and Poincareé waves were present simultaneously in the waterbody, then an interaction was observed when both waves were in phase, which gave rise to additional wave components.
Challenges of implementing authenticity of tandem learning in formal language education

ABSTRACT In tandem learning, a model for two-way language learning originally developed for non-formal education, language is learned through interaction between two native speakers with different first languages learning each other's languages in cooperation. A high level of authentic learning characterises this model. The original tandem learning model has been developed and transferred to a formal educational context. However, the effects of this transition on the authentic character of tandem learning has not been investigated, and research in this field is needed. This paper aims to increase knowledge and understanding of the challenges of implementing authenticity of tandem learning in formal language education by analysing the learning tasks in a handbook developed for classroom tandem, a model for language learning and teaching, within second national language education in Finland. The results indicate a large variation in authenticity levels among classroom tandem tasks, indicating that the implementation of tandem learning in a formal educational context has compromised authenticity. The results identify aspects of learning tasks that are problematic and could be further developed. The results point to areas for further development of the classroom tandem model.
Dynamics of Productivity and Cost of Labour in Italian Manufacturing Firms

This paper studies the impact of size on labor cost and productivity for Italian man- ufacturing firms. The distributions of both labor cost and productivity display a wide support, even when disaggregated by sector of industrial activity. Further, both labor cost and productivity, when considered alone, are growing with the size of the firm. We investigate this relationship on a new set of data and we are able to show that once ac- counted for productivity differences among firms, size still retains a positive effect on cost of labor in most of the sectors considered.
Assessing Concordance of Fossil Calibration Points in Molecular Clock Studies: An Example Using Turtles

Although still controversial, estimation of divergence times using molecular data has emerged as a powerful tool to examine the tempo and mode of evolutionary change. Two primary obstacles in improving the accuracy of molecular dating are heterogeneity in DNA substitution rates and accuracy of the fossil record as calibration points. Recent methodological advances have provided powerful methods that estimate relative divergence times in the face of heterogeneity of nucleotide substitution rates among lineages. However, relatively little attention has focused on the accuracy of fossil calibration points that allow one to translate relative divergence times into absolute time. We present a new cross‐validation method that identifies inconsistent fossils when multiple fossil calibrations are available for a clade and apply our method to a molecular phylogeny of living turtles with fossil calibration times for 17 of the 22 internal nodes in the tree. Our cross‐validation procedure identified seven inconsistent fossils. Using the consistent fossils as calibration points, we found that despite their overall antiquity as a lineage, the most species‐rich clades of turtles diversified well within the Cenozoic. Many of the truly ancient lineages of turtles are currently represented by a few, often endangered species that deserve high priority as conservation targets.
Transient Thermomechanical Contact of an Impacting Sphere on a Moving Flat

Contact between a slider and a magnetic recording disk is modeled as transient contact of a sphere on a moving flat. The sphere is assumed to be rigid, and the flat is treated as an elastic-plastic body with isotropic hardening. Heat generation is related to friction at the contact interface. Dimensionless solutions are obtained for maximum temperature rise, maximum contact force, maximum contact area, and maximum penetration as a function of dimensionless vertical initial velocity of the sphere. It is observed that transient thermomechanical contact with elastic-plastic deformation deviates from “classical theories” for dynamic elastic and quasi-static elastic-plastic contacts as the dimensionless vertical initial velocity of the sphere increases. The results are applied to optimize the slider-disk interface in a hard disk drive with respect to slider-disk contacts. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4003996]
Weather to go to College

Does current utility bias predictions of future utility for high stakes decisions? Here I provide field evidence consistent with such Projection Bias in one of life's most thought-about decisions: college enrolment. After arguing and documenting with survey evidence that cloudiness increases the appeal of academic activities, I analyse the enrolment decisions of 1,284 prospective students who visited a university known for its academic strengths and recreational weaknesses. Consistent with the notion that current weather conditions influence decisions about future academic activities, I find that an increase in cloudcover of one standard deviation on the day of the visit is associated with an increase in the probability of enrolment of 9 percentage points.
ISO LWS Spectroscopy of M82: A Unified Evolutionary Model

We present the first complete far-infrared spectrum (43-197 μm) of M82, the brightest infrared galaxy in the sky, taken with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We detected seven fine structure emission lines, [O I] 63 and 145 μm, [O III] 52 and 88 μm , [N II] 122 μm, [N III] 57 μm, and [C II] 158 μm, and fitted their ratios to a combination starburst and photodissociation region (PDR) model. The best fit is obtained with H II regions with n=250 cm-3, an ionization parameter of 10-3.5, and PDRs with n=103.3 cm-3 and a far-ultraviolet flux of G0=102.8. We applied both continuous and instantaneous starburst models, with our best fit being a 3-5 Myr old instantaneous burst model with a 100 M☉ cutoff. We also detected the ground-state rotational line of OH in absorption at 119.4 μm. No excited level OH transitions are apparent, indicating that the OH is almost entirely in its ground state with a column density ~4×1014 cm-2. The spectral energy distribution over the long-wavelength spectrometer wavelength range is well fitted with a 48 K dust temperature and an optical depth, τDust ∝ λ-1.
Drop formation and breakup of low viscosity elastic fluids: Effects of molecular weight and concentration

The dynamics of drop formation and pinch-off have been investigated for a series of low viscosity elastic fluids possessing similar shear viscosities, but differing substantially in elastic properties. On initial approach to the pinch region, the viscoelastic fluids all exhibit the same global necking behavior that is observed for a Newtonian fluid of equivalent shear viscosity. For these low viscosity dilute polymer solutions, inertial and capillary forces form the dominant balance in this potential flow regime, with the viscous force being negligible. The approach to the pinch point, which corresponds to the point of rupture for a Newtonian fluid, is extremely rapid in such solutions, with the sudden increase in curvature producing very large extension rates at this location. In this region the polymer molecules are significantly extended, causing a localized increase in the elastic stresses, which grow to balance the capillary pressure. This prevents the necked fluid from breaking off, as would occur i.
A Framework for Dynamic Network Architecture and Topology Optimization

A new paradigm in wireless network access is presented and analyzed. In this concept, certain classes of wireless terminals can be turned temporarily into an access point (AP) anytime while connected to the Internet. This creates a dynamic network architecture (DNA) since the number and location of these APs vary in time. In this paper, we present a framework to optimize different aspects of this architecture. First, the dynamic AP association problem is addressed with the aim to optimize the network by choosing the most convenient APs to provide the quality-of-service (QoS) levels demanded by the users with the minimum cost. Then, an economic model is developed to compensate the users for serving as APs and, thus, augmenting the network resources. The users' security investment is also taken into account in the AP selection. A preclustering process of the DNA is proposed to keep the optimization process feasible in a high dense network. To dynamically reconfigure the optimum topology and adjust it to the traffic variations, a new specific encoding of genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. Numerical results show that GA can provide the optimum topology up to two orders of magnitude faster than exhaustive search for network clusters, and the improvement significantly increases with the cluster size.
The properties of cataclysmic variables in photometric Hα surveys

We report on the properties of 71 known cataclysmic variables (CVs) in photomet- ric Hemission line surveys. Our study is motivated by the fact that the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) Photometric HSurvey of the northern galactic plane (IPHAS) will soon provide r ' , iand narrow-band Hmeasurements down to r ' ≃ 20 for all northern objects between −5 o < b < +5 o . IPHAS thus provides a unique resource, both for studying the emission line properties of known CVs and for constructing a new CV sample selected solely on the basis of Hexcess. Our goal here is to carry out the first task and prepare the way for the second. In order to achieve this, we analyze data on 19 CVs already contained in the IPHAS data base and supplement this with identical observations of 52 CVs outside the galactic plane. Our key results are as follows: (i) the recovery rate of known CVs as Hemitters in a survey like IPHAS is ≃ 70 per cent; (ii) of the ≃ 30 per cent of CVs which were not recovered ≃ 75 per cent were clearly detected but did not exhibit a significant H� excess at the time of our observations; (iii) the recovery rate depends only weakly on CV type; (iv) the recovery rate depends only weakly on orbital period; (v) short-period dwarf novae tend to have the strongest Hlines. These results imply that photometric emission line searches provide an efficient way of constructing CV samples that are not biased against detection of intrinsically faint, short-period systems.
Referral, enrollment, and delivery of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention programs at clinical centers and beyond: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association.

Each year, an estimated 785 000 Americans will suffer a new myocardial infarction (MI; heart attack), and nearly 470 000 will have a recurrent attack.1 Within 5 years of an initial MI, 15% of men and 22% of women 45 to 64 years of age and 22% of men and women >65 years of age will suffer a recurrent MI or fatal coronary heart disease (CHD). 1 Given this high recurrence rate, preventing secondary cardiac events is an essential part of the care for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention programs (CR/SPPs) are medically supervised programs that help patients with CVD to recover more quickly after a cardiac event and to stay healthy. CR/SPPs are more than just diet and exercise programs; these programs offer a multifaceted and multidisciplinary approach to optimize the overall physical, mental, and social functioning of people with CVD. CR/SPPs include specific core components that aim to optimize cardiovascular risk reduction, foster healthy behaviors and compliance with these behaviors, reduce disability, and promote an active lifestyle for patients with CVD.2 Comprehensive CR/SPPs consist of baseline patient assessment, nutritional counseling, aggressive risk factor management (ie, lipids, hypertension, weight, diabetes mellitus, and smoking), psychosocial and vocational counseling, and physical activity counseling and exercise training. Patients participating in CR/SPPs are also prescribed cardioprotective drugs that have evidence-based efficacy for secondary prevention. The goal of cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention is to stabilize, slow, or even reverse the progression of CVD, which in turn reduces the risk of a future cardiac event. The interventions provided by CR/SPPs are especially important because of the limited time available during the shortened hospital stays and brief outpatient physician visits now common in contemporary medical practice. There is ample evidence on the proven benefits of CR/SPPs on CHD risk factors …
Translation and validation of the Portuguese version of the Sexual Desire Inventory-2: assessing gender differences

ABSTRACT Sexual desire is a complex construct that comprises psychological, physiological, and contextual dimensions, which have been broadly studied in both research and clinical contexts. The Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2) is a self-report measure extensively used for assessing both dyadic and solitary sexual desire. More recently, empirical studies have suggested that SDI-2 allows to assessing, in addition to solitary sexual desire, both partner- and attractive person-related dyadic sexual desire. Current study aims to translate and validate the SDI-2 for the Portuguese population, and test the availability of assessing both partner and attractive person-related dyadic sexual desire. An online sample constituted by 422 participants (211 women and 211 men) completed the SDI-2, and a set of sex-related self-report measures. According to confirmatory factor analysis, a three-factor model best fit the Portuguese version, supporting the factorial structure proposed recently, namely solitary sexual desire, partner-related, and attractive person-related dyadic sexual desire dimensions. Reliability and validity findings also revealed good to excellent values. Overall, the Portuguese version of the SDI-2 presented good psychometric properties and appears to be a valid and reliable measure for assessing both solitary and dyadic sexual desire.
Alphabet books: The nature of parents’ shared reading between and across books

This study examined the nature of parents’ shared reading with their preschoolers between and across two different alphabet trade books. The “busy” book contains more sentences and words per page, more complex illustrations per page, and the target letter takes up less of the page and appears in the same colour as the text. The “less busy” book contains fewer sentences and words per page, simpler, more monochromatic illustrations, and the target letter takes up more of the page and appears in a different colour from the text. Participants included 46 parent–child dyads from middle SES homes. The children (13 boys, 33 girls) ranged from 4-years-old to 6.8-years-old (M = 5.63, SD = 0.6). Results revealed that parents made more references to the writing system and to more narrative elements when reading the “less busy” book. They also requested their children’s responses more when reading this book. Parents made more references to the illustrations and regulation of behaviour when reading the “busy” book. These results went beyond the child’s language level and the parent’s education level, controlling for the overall number of utterances. Findings also showed that parents seem to have a consistent style across both alphabet books, such that the more characteristics of the shared reading appeared during one book, the more they featured in the shared reading of the other book. Parents may benefit from exposure to different types of alphabet books and how their varying characteristics can impact on discourse style.