Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GnRH - a Missing Link between Testosterone Concentrations in Yolk and Plasma and Its Intergenerational Effects

Despite the strong interest in hormone-mediated maternal effects two key questions concerning their mechanisms are as yet unanswered: First, whether the deposition of hormones in the egg yolk is coupled with the levels of these hormones in the maternal circulation, and second, whether epigenetic changes as induced by embryonic exposure to maternal yolk hormones impinge on yolk hormone deposition at adulthood. We investigated the responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in female canaries whose embryonic exposure to yolk testosterone had been manipulated. This enabled us to study to what extent GnRH interlinks testosterone concentrations in female circulation and egg yolk as well as the intergenerational potential of hormone-mediated maternal effects. As expected, canary females responded to GnRH with a rise in plasma testosterone. The GnRH-responsiveness was positively correlated with the yolk testosterone content. Factors stimulating the release of GnRH will, therefore, lead to an increase of testosterone in both plasma and egg, posing a potential constraint on the yolk hormone deposition due to testosterone related trade-offs within the laying female. Exposure to elevated yolk testosterone levels as embryo reduced the GnRH-responsiveness in adulthood, potentially limiting environmental influences on yolk testosterone deposition, but the concentrations of yolk testosterone itself were not affected.
Sex and cognition

In this fact-driven book, Doreen Kimura provides an intelligible overview of what is known about the neural and hormonal bases of sex differences in behavior, particularly differences in cognitive ability. Kimura argues that women and men differ not only in physical attributes and reproductive function, but also in how they solve common problems. She offers evidence that the effects of sex hormones on brain organization occur so early in life that, from the start, the environment is acting on differently wired brains in girls and boys. She presents various behavioral, neurological, and endocrinological studies that shed light on the processes giving rise to these sex differences in the brain.
Activation of pig oocytes by intracytoplasmic injection of strontium and barium

Ovulated mouse oocytes are activated by exposure to culture medium containing Sr2+ or Ba2+ or by intracytoplasmic injection of the divalent cations. It is known that in vitro matured pig oocytes are activated by the intracytoplasmic injection of Ca2+. In this study, we examined the effect of exposure and of intracytoplasmic injection of Sr2+ or Ba2+ on in vitro matured pig oocytes (MII-oocytes). When MII-oocytes were exposed to the medium containing divalent cations, no oocytes were activated. However, in the case of oocytes that were injected with Sr2+, Ba2+ and Ca2+, at 6 h after injection, 64%, 71% and 86% of the oocytes had been released from MII-arrest, and 51%, 67% and 84% formed female pronuclei, respectively. The initial transient in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured by the Ca2+ indicator dye fluo-4 dextran. Microinjection of Sr2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ induced a rapid elevation of [Ca2+]i. The exocytosis of cortical granules was examined by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled peanut agglutinin. After an injection of divalent cations, a release of cortical granules was observed in the oocytes. Maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity declined to a low level after 6 h in all the oocytes injected with divalent cations. To test their developmental ability, injected oocytes were treated with cytochalasin B and then cultured for 168 h in NCSU23 medium. After 168 h, 29% (Sr2+), 29% (Ba2+) and 51% (Ca2+) of the oocytes had developed to the blastocyst stage. These results indicate that intracytoplasmic injection of Sr2+ and Ba2+, like that of Ca2+, induces in vitro matured pig oocytes to be released from MII-arrest and leads them into a series of events related to oocyte activation.
Temporal Drag: Transdisciplinarity and the ‘Case’ of Psychosocial Studies

Psychosocial studies is a putatively ‘new’ or emerging field concerned with the irreducible relation between psychic and social life. Genealogically, it attempts to re-suture a tentative relation between mind and social world, individual and mass, internality and externality, norm and subject, and the human and non-human, through gathering up and re-animating largely forgotten debates that have played out across a range of other disciplinary spaces. If, as I argue, the central tenets, concepts and questions for psychosocial studies emerge out of a re-appropriation of what have become anachronistic or ‘useless’ concepts in other fields – ‘the unconscious’, for instance, in the discipline of psychology – then we need to think about transdisciplinarity not just in spatial terms (that is, in terms of the movement across disciplinary borders) but also in temporal terms. This may involve engaging with theoretical ‘embarrassments’, one of which – the notion of ‘psychic reality’ – I explore here.
Parallel Database Recovery for Multicore Main-Memory Databases

Main-memory database systems for multicore servers can achieve excellent performance when processing massive volume of OLTP workloads. But crash-resilience mechanism, or namely loggingand-replay, can either degrade the performance of transaction processing or slow down the process of failure recovery. In this paper, we show that, by exploiting application semantics, it is possible to achieve speedy failure recovery without introducing any costly logging overhead to the execution of online transactions. We propose TARS, a parallel log-recovery mechanism that is specifically designed for lightweight, coarse-grained command-logging approach. TARS leverages a combination of static and dynamic analyses to parallelize the log replay: at compile time, TARS decomposes stored procedures by carefully analyzing dependencies within and across programs; at recovery time, a re-execution schedule with a high degree of parallelism is attained through lightweight one-pass scans over transaction parameter values. As such, recovery latency is remarkably minimized. We evaluated TARS in a main-memory database prototype running on a 40-core server. Compared to the state-of-the-art mechanisms, TARS yields significantly higher recovery rate without compromising the efficiency of transaction processing.
Life at Death: A Scientific Investigation of the Near-Death Experience

Follow up what we will offer in this article about life at death a scientific investigation of the near death experience. You know really that this book is coming as the best seller book today. So, when you are really a good reader or you're fans of the author, it does will be funny if you don't have this book. It means that you have to get this book. For you who are starting to learn about something new and feel curious about this book, it's easy then. Just get this book and feel how this book will give you more exciting lessons.
A “Combination Nova” Outburst in Z Andromedae: Nuclear Shell Burning Triggered by a Disk Instability

We describe observational evidence for a new kind of interacting binary star outburst that involves both an accretion instability and an increase in thermonuclear shell burning on the surface of an accreting white dwarf. We refer to this new type of eruption as a combination nova. In late 2000, the prototypical symbiotic star Z Andromedae brightened by roughly 2 mag in the optical. We observed the outburst in the radio with the VLA and MERLIN, in the optical both photometrically and spectroscopically, in the far-ultraviolet with FUSE, and in the X-rays with both Chandra and XMM-Newton. The 2 year long event had three distinct stages. During the first stage, the optical rise closely resembled an earlier, small outburst that was caused by an accretion disk instability. In the second stage, the hot component ejected an optically thick shell of material. In the third stage, the shell cleared to reveal a white dwarf whose luminosity remained on the order of 104 L☉ for approximately 1 yr. The eruption was thus too energetic to have been powered by accretion alone. We propose that the initial burst of accretion was large enough to trigger enhanced nuclear burning on the surface of the white dwarf and the ejection of an optically thick shell of material. This outburst therefore combined elements of both a dwarf nova and a classical nova. Our results have implications for the long-standing problem of producing shell flashes with short recurrence times on low-mass white dwarfs in symbiotic stars.
Finding overlapping communities in networks by label propagation

We propose an algorithm for finding overlapping community structure in very large networks. The algorithm is based on the label propagation technique of Raghavan, Albert and Kumara, but is able to detect communities that overlap. Like the original algorithm, vertices have labels that propagate between neighbouring vertices so that members of a community reach a consensus on their community membership. Our main contribution is to extend the label and propagation step to include information about more than one community: each vertex can now belong to up to v communities, where v is the parameter of the algorithm. Our algorithm can also handle weighted and bipartite networks. Tests on an independently designed set of benchmarks, and on real networks, show the algorithm to be highly effective in recovering overlapping communities. It is also very fast and can process very large and dense networks in a short time.
Analysis of a Mixed Strategy for Multiple Relay Networks

Infrastructure-based wireless communications systems as well as ad hoc networks experience a growing importance in present-day telecommunications. An increased density and popularity of mobile terminals poses the question how to exploit wireless networks more efficiently. One possibility is to use relay nodes supporting the end-to-end communication of two nodes. In their landmark paper, Cover and El Gamal proposed different coding strategies for the single-relay channel. These strategies are the decode-and-forward and compress-and-forward approach, as well as a general lower bound on the capacity of a single-relay network which relies on the combined application of the previous two strategies. So far, only parts of their work-the decode-and-forward and the compress-and-forward strategy-have been applied to networks with multiple relays. In this paper a generalizing framework for multiple-relay networks is derived using a combined approach of partial decode-and-forward and the ideas of successive refinement with different side information. After describing the protocol structure, the achievable rates for the discrete memoryless relay channel as well as the Gaussian multiple-relay channel are presented and analyzed. Using these results the derived framework is compared with protocols of lower complexity, e.g., multilevel decode-and-forward and distributed compress-and-forward.
Cytogenesis in the monkey retina

Time of cell origin in the retina of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatto) was studied by plotting the number of heavily radiolabeled nuclei in autoradiograms prepared from 2‐ to 6‐month‐old animals, each of which was exposed to a pulse of 3H‐thymidine (3H‐TdR) on a single embryonic (E) or postnatal (P) day. Cell birth in the monkey retina begins just after E27, and approximately 96% of cells are generated by E120. The remaining cells are produced during the last (∼ 45) prenatal days and into the first several weeks after birth. Cell genesis begins near the fovea, and proceeds towards the periphery. Cell division largely ceases in the foveal and perifoveal regions by E56.
Video Evidence That London Infants Can Resettle Themselves Back to Sleep After Waking in the Night, as well as Sleep for Long Periods, by 3 Months of Age

Objective: Most infants become settled at night by 3 months of age, whereas infants not settled by 5 months are likely to have long-term sleep-waking problems. We assessed whether normal infant development in the first 3 months involves increasing sleep-period length or the ability to resettle autonomously after waking in the night. Methods: One hundred one infants were assessed at 5 weeks and 3 months of age using nighttime infrared video recordings and parental questionnaires. Results: The clearest development was in sleep length; 45% of infants slept continuously for ≥5 hours at night at 3 months compared with 10% at 5 weeks. In addition, around a quarter of infants woke and resettled themselves back to sleep in the night at each age. Autonomous resettling at 5 weeks predicted prolonged sleeping at 3 months suggesting it may be a developmental precursor. Infants reported by parents to sleep for a period of 5 hours or more included infants who resettled themselves and those with long sleeps. Three-month olds fed solely breast milk were as likely to self-resettle or have long sleep bouts as infants fed formula or mixed breast and formula milk. Conclusions: Infants are capable of resettling themselves back to sleep in the first 3 months of age; both autonomous resettling and prolonged sleeping are involved in “sleeping through the night” at an early age. Findings indicate the need for physiological studies of how arousal, waking, and resettling develop into sustained sleeping and of how environmental factors support these endogenous and behavioral processes.
The Diversity of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows and the Surroundings of Massive Stars

The finding of a Type Ic supernova connected with GRB 030329 showed a massive star origin for this burst, supporting evidence for this association in previous bursts with light-curve bumps at the appropriate time for a supernova. Here we explore the possibility that all long bursts have massive star progenitors, interacting with either the freely expanding wind of the progenitor or the shocked wind. We present models for the afterglows of GRB 020405 and GRB 021211, which are a challenge to wind interaction models. Considering sources for which wind interaction models are acceptable, a range of wind densities is required, from values typical of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars to values ~102 times smaller. The reason for the low densities is unclear, but it may involve low progenitor masses and/or low metallicities. If mass is a factor, a low-density event should be associated with a low-mass supernova. The interpretation of bursts apparently interacting with constant density media as interaction with a shocked wind requires both a range of mass-loss densities and a range of external pressures. The highest pressures, p/k ≳ 108 cm-3 K, may be due to an extreme starburst environment, which would imply that the burst is superposed on an active star-forming region. Although the range of observed events can be accommodated by the shocked-wind theory, special circumstances are necessary to bring this about. Finally, we consider the high-velocity, high-ionization absorption features observed in some afterglow spectra. If the features are circumstellar, the presence of the burst in a starburst region may be important for the formation of clumps near the burst.
Instability of HfO2 RRAM devices: Comparing RTN and cycling variability

In this study, we present an extensive statistical characterization of the cycling variability and Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) in the HfO2-based Resistive Random Access Memories (RRAM) cells. Devices with different dielectric stacks are tested under a variety of read (sampling times and read voltage magnitudes) and operational (reset voltages) conditions. A Factorial Hidden Markov Model (FHMM) analysis is employed to reveal the properties of the traps causing multi-level RTN in High Resistive State (HRS), while the I-V data are analyzed through the developed compact model to investigate cycling variability. The activation and deactivation of traps assisting the charge transport through a dielectric barrier in HRS is found to be responsible for the observed RTN while the read current variations can be attributed to the stochastic nature of the filament oxidation process during reset, also leading to a variable number of traps formed in the barrier after each switching cycle. The statistical characterization of RTN and cycling variability, which demonstrates the uncorrelated nature of these phenomena, provides guidelines for scaling and optimization of RRAM device operations and reliability.
INDEPENDENT COMPONENT SEPARATION FROM INCOMPLETE SPHERICAL DATA USING WAVELETS. APPLICATION TO CMB DATA ANALYSIS.

Spectral matching ICA (SMICA) is a source separation method based on covariance matching in Fourier space that was designed to address in a flexible way some of the general problems raised by Cosmic Microwave Background data analysis. However, a common issue in astronomical data analysis is that the observations are unevenly sampled or incomplete maps with missing patches or intentionally masked parts. In addition, many astrophysical emissions are not well modeled as stationary processes over the sky. These effects impair data processing techniques in the spherical harmonics representation. This paper describes a new wavelet transform for spherical maps and proposes an extension of SMICA in this space-scale representation.
Spin-transfer torque switching in magnetic tunnel junctions and spin-transfer torque random access memory

We present experimental and numerical results of current-driven magnetization switching in magnetic tunnel junctions. The experiments show that, for MgO-based magnetic tunnelling junctions, the tunnelling magnetoresistance ratio is as large as 155% and the intrinsic switching current density is as low as 1.1 × 106 A cm−2. The thermal effect and current pulse width on spin-transfer magnetization switching are explored based on the analytical and numerical calculations. Three distinct switching modes, thermal activation, dynamic reversal, and precessional process, are identified within the experimental parameter space. The switching current distribution, write error, and read disturb are discussed based on device design considerations. The challenges and requirements for the successful application of spin-transfer torque as the write scheme in random access memory are addressed.
Three Studies on the Reliability and Validity of a Self-Report Measure of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

This paper describes three studies of the reliability and validity of a newly revised version of the Purdue Posttraumatic Stress Disorder scale (PPTSD-R). The PPTSD-R is a 17-item questionnaire that yields four scores: Reexperiencing, Avoidance, Arousal, and Total. It is highly internally consistent (α = .91), and the scores are relatively stable across time. The PPTSD-R is highly correlated with other measures of PTSD symptomatology and moderately correlated with measures of related psychopathology, providing preliminary support for the measure's convergent and discriminant validity. It reliably distinguishes between groups of people who were and were not traumatized, it is sensitive to the impact of different types of traumatic events, and (within a clinical sample) it discriminates between those who did and did not seek treatment for difficulty coping with the traumatic event being assessed. The PPTSD-R shows promise as a measure of PTSD symptoms in the college population.
Ecological Approaches to Oral Biofilms: Control without Killing

Humans have co-evolved with micro-organisms and have a symbiotic or mutualistic relationship with their resident microbiome. As at other body surfaces, the mouth has a diverse microbiota that grows on oral surfaces as structurally and functionally organised biofilms. The oral microbiota is natural and provides important benefits to the host, including immunological priming, down-regulation of excessive pro-inflammatory responses, regulation of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems, and colonisation by exogenous microbes. On occasions, this symbiotic relationship breaks down, and previously minor components of the microbiota outcompete beneficial bacteria, thereby increasing the risk of disease. Antimicrobial agents have been formulated into many oral care products to augment mechanical plaque control. A delicate balance is needed, however, to control the oral microbiota at levels compatible with health, without killing beneficial bacteria and losing the key benefits delivered by these resident microbes. These antimicrobial agents may achieve this by virtue of their recommended twice daily topical use, which results in pharmacokinetic profiles indicating that they are retained in the mouth for relatively long periods at sublethal levels. At these concentrations they are still able to inhibit bacterial traits implicated in disease (e.g. sugar transport/acid production; protease activity) and retard growth without eliminating beneficial species. In silico modelling studies have been performed which support the concept that either reducing the frequency of acid challenge and/or the terminal pH, or by merely slowing bacterial growth, results in maintaining a community of beneficial bacteria under conditions that might otherwise lead to disease (control without killing).
Exploring the Effects of Agent Trust and Benevolence in a Simulated Organizational Task

Executives argue intuitively that trust is critical to effective organizational performance. Although articulated as a cognitive/ affective property ofindividuals, the collective effect of events influencing(and being influenced by) trust judgments must certainly impact organizational behavior. To begin to explore this, we conducted a simulation study of trust and organizational performance. Specifically, we defined a set ofcomputational agents, each with a trust function capable of evaluating the quality ofadvice from the other agents, and rendering judgments on the trustworthiness of the communicating agent. As agent judgments impact subsequent choices to accept or to generate communications, organizational performance is influenced. We manipulated two agent properties(trustworthiness, benevolence), two organizational variables (group size, group homogeneity/liar-to-honest ratio), and one environmental variable (stable, unstable). Results indicate that in homogeneous groups, honest groups did better tha.
REMES: A Resource Model for Embedded Systems

In this paper, we introduce the model REMES for formalmodeling and analysis of embedded resources such as storage,energy, communication, and computation. The modelis a state-machine based behavioral language with supportfor hierarchical modeling, resource annotations, continuoustime, and notions of explicit entry and exit points thatmake it suitable for component-based modeling of embeddedsystems.The analysis of REMES-based systems is centeredaround a weighted sum in which the variables representthe amounts of consumed resources. We describe a numberof important resource related analysis problems, includingfeasibility, trade-off, and optimal resource-utilization analysis.To formalize these problems and provide a basis forrigorous analysis, we show how to analyze REMES modelsusing the framework of priced timed automata and weightedCTL. To illustrate the approach, we describe a case study inwhich it has been applied to model and analyze resourceusageof a temperature control system.