Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Task Representation and Text Construction in Reading-to-Write

Students` interpretations of their academic writing tasks has been a central concern in the cognitive-based writing research due to the prominent role such decision-making plays in determining students` subsequent thinking and composing strategies and ultimately in shaping their textual quality. Without a comprehensive understanding of how L2 students interpret the writing task, ESL/EFL writing instructors may not know the sources of various writing problems in students` written texts and hence, may not be able to develop appropriate writing pedagogy. The present study attempts to address this research gap by studying the interpretive process of three high ability college seniors as composing a source-based academic assignment. The findings show that all the participants have different representations of the assigned task. Two of them were less able to make sense of the requirements of such a writing task as expected in the academic community and consequently failed to use the assigned readings as required although they did understand the basic format associated with this task type and had received prior instruction on reading-based writing. First language culture may have affected how they constructed the writing task for themselves as inferring and eliciting the information specified in the writing prompt.
Coupling Strength Allocation for Synchronization in Complex Networks Using Spectral Graph Theory

Using spectral graph theory and especially its graph comparison techniques, we propose new methodologies to allocate coupling strengths to guarantee global complete synchronization in complex networks. The key step is that all the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix associated with a given network can be estimated by utilizing flexibly topological features of the network. The proposed methodologies enable the construction of different coupling-strength combinations in response to different knowledge about subnetworks. Adaptive allocation strategies can be carried out as well using only local network topological information. Besides formal analysis, we use simulation examples to demonstrate how to apply the methodologies to typical complex networks.
Movement Error Rate for Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for sEMG-Based Hand Movement Classification

There has been increasing interest in applying learning algorithms to improve the dexterity of myoelectric prostheses. In this work, we present a large-scale benchmark evaluation on the second iteration of the publicly released NinaPro database, which contains surface electromyography data for 6 DOF force activations as well as for 40 discrete hand movements. The evaluation involves a modern kernel method and compares performance of three feature representations and three kernel functions. Both the force regression and movement classification problems can be learned successfully when using a nonlinear kernel function, while the exp- χ2 kernel outperforms the more popular radial basis function kernel in all cases. Furthermore, combining surface electromyography and accelerometry in a multimodal classifier results in significant increases in accuracy as compared to when either modality is used individually. Since window-based classification accuracy should not be considered in isolation to estimate prosthetic controllability, we also provide results in terms of classification mistakes and prediction delay. To this extent, we propose the movement error rate as an alternative to the standard window-based accuracy. This error rate is insensitive to prediction delays and it allows us therefore to quantify mistakes and delays as independent performance characteristics. This type of analysis confirms that the inclusion of accelerometry is superior, as it results in fewer mistakes while at the same time reducing prediction delay.
Histone Hyperacetylation in Maize in Response to Treatment with HC-Toxin or Infection by the Filamentous Fungus Cochliobolus carbonum

HC-toxin, the host-selective toxin produced by the filamentous fungus Cochliobolus carbonum, inhibits maize (Zea mays L.) histone deacetylases (HDs) in vitro. Here we show that HDs are also inhibited by HC-toxin in vivo, as demonstrated by the accumulation of hyperacetylated forms of the core (nucleosomal) histones H3.1, H3.2, H3.3, and H4 in both maize embryos and tissue cultures. Hyperacetylation of H4 and all isoforms of H3 in tissue cultures of inbred Pr (genotype hm/hm) occurred at 10 ng/mL (23 nM). The effect was host-selective; acetylation of histones in the near isogenic inbred Pr1 (genotype Hm/Hm) did not occur in tissue cultures or embryos treated with 0.2 [mu]g/mL or 10 [mu]g/mL HC-toxin, respectively. Hyperacetylation of histone H4 in embryos of Pr1 began to occur at 50 [mu]g/mL. HC-toxin, and 200 [mu]g/mL HC-toxin caused equal hyperacetylation in Pr and Pr1 embryos. Hyperacetylated core histones, especially of the isoforms of histone H3, accumulated in leaves of inbred Pr, but not Pr1, after infection by toxin-producing strains of C. carbonum. Accumulation of hyperacetylated histones began at 24 h after inoculation, before the development of visible disease symptoms. Hyperacetylation of H2A or H2B histones were not detected in any of the studies. The results are consistent with HD being a primary site of action of HC-toxin.
Comparison of Pregnancy Outcomes in HIV-Infected Women and Non-Infected Women : A Case Control Study from Central India

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018. 6.2. 54 Abstract: HIV infection has compounded the obstetric problems. There is conflicting data on the effect of HIV infection as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART) on pregnancy outcome. To assess maternal and neonatal outcome in HIV positive pregnant women whether or not on antiretroviral therapy (ART). 2. To study HIV prevalence of pregnant women delivering in tertiary care center and 3. To study pregnancy outcome in HIV infected women as compared to uninfected women. This case control was carried out in tertiary care teaching institute in central India for period of three years which included both retrospective and prospective data. We studied the pregnancy outcome of HIV positive patients (Group-A) and compared it with healthy uninfected controls (Group-B). Further analysis of HIV positive patients was done by subdividing it into two groups as on ART (Group-A1) and not on ART (Group-A2). A detailed clinical examination was carried out in each patient as per proforma at the time of admission and relevant information was recorded. Patients monitored throughout the pregnancy and delivered according to hospital protocols. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied in details. Statistical analysis: For descriptive statistics mean, standard deviation, proportions and percentages were used. Unpaired t test and Fisher exact test were used as test of significane. Total 108 patients were found to be HIV infected and controls were 222 non-infected patients. Prevalence of HIV infected patients delivering in our institute was 0.35%. Preterm deliveries were observed significantly more in infected patients (14.8%) than uninfected controls (7.6%) (p=0.042). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.834). ICCU admissions were observed significantly more in infected patients (2.7%) than uninfected controls (0%) (p=0.034). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=1.000). Mean birth weight was 2.38±0.56 kg in cases and 2.59±0.42kg in controls. Birth weight >2500grams was observed significantly more in babies born in uninfected group mothers (72%) as compare to infected group mothers (57.9%) (p=0.010). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.315). Live births were observed more in controls (100%) than cases (93.4%) (p=0.001). Low birth weight was found significantly more in babies of infected group (43%) as compared to uninfected group (27.9%) (p=0.006). Whereas no significant difference was observed whether on ART or not (p=0.204). Early prenatal or pre-pregnancy identification of HIV infected women remains an essential goal in the prevention of risky conception and adverse pregnancy outcome. It should be emphasized for all pregnant HIVinfected women, to maximize early and regular ANC visits.
Graduate entrepreneurial intentions in the rural provinces of South Africa

This paper investigated the entrepreneurial intentions of 355 final year commerce students from two universities in the predominantly rural provinces of South Africa, namely Limpopo and the Eastern Cape. The study was based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The objectives of the study were to test whether the TPB can help explain the entrepreneurial intentions of rural university students in a South African context and to assess whether these students will have the intentions to start their own businesses in the future. The study was conducted by means of a survey using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that the TPB is a valuable tool in understanding entrepreneurial intentions, and that the majority of students intend to start a business in the future. The attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur explained the most variance in entrepreneurial intention of the respondents, followed by perceived behavioural control. Subjective norms did not have a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. The results suggest that the TPB could be a valuable tool for measuring entrepreneurial intentions as part of a comprehensive entrepreneurship development programme in rural areas.
Social Tagging Behaviour in Community-Driven Question Answering

On-line community services such as Live QnA and Yahoo! Answers enable their members to ask questions and have them answered by the community. The questions are labelled by the users to facilitate search, navigation, and recommendations. In this paper we provide an in-depth analysis of the question labelling practices by contrasting the use of community generated tags in the Live QnA service with the use of topic categories from a fixed taxonomy in the Yahoo! Answers service. We found that community tagging is related to higher levels of social interactions amongst users. Analysis of the most frequently used community tags reveals that active users may establish strong social ties around specific tags. Furthermore, the discriminative value of individual community tags can be low since the corresponding questions may cover a variety of topics. Thus, appropriate care needs to be taken when designing search, browsing, and recommender features for question discovery.
Methods for Flow Graph Selection in Integral Network Coding

The search for optimal multicast subgraphs for network coding is considered. We assume unit link capacities and binary flow rates. In the first version of the problem, there is no constraint on the acyclicity of the subgraphs, whereas such constraints are imposed in the second version. These problems are known to be NP-hard. We provide heuristics to deal with both versions of the problem. The heuristics are based on well known optimization algorithms and they are therefore easy to implement. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs close to the lower bounds obtained from relaxed solutions.
The seasonality of mesoscale motion in the N orthem Current

RÉSUMÉ Jordi FONT a, Emilio GARCIA-LADONA band Elisa G. GORRIZ a a Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, P. Joan de Borb6 s/n, 08039 Barcelona, Spain. b Dept. de Ffsica, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08139 Bellaterra, Spain. Received 17/06/94, in revised forrn 26/01195, accepted 30/01/95. The Liguro-Provenço-Catalan or Northem Current, which contours the continental slope of the north-western Mediterranean Sea, has been described as a permanent flow affected by important variability at different scales. Many observations indicate a higher flux in winter than in summer, while the occurrence of mesoscale events appears to be a common characteristic. The opportunity of examining severa! years of current meter data at a location close to the inner border of the Northem Current has definitively demonstrated the existence of a seasonality in the mesoscale variability. Although the records do not concem the core of this current, the consistency of the severa! characteristics we have determined with results found by other authors in the Ligurian Sea allows us to consider them as representative of its general trends. Three current meters moored at 15, 50 and 100 rn depth from an oil drilling ring near the shelf break off the Ebro delta, with a considerable coverage from mid-1987 to mid-1992, provide a clear image of the current behaviour. The general flow is along-slope and presents occasional disruptions for periods of severa! da ys, described here as mesoscale events. Most of the motion we have recorded displays a marked barotropic character. The intensity of the current is relatively low, increasing suddenly in autumn at the three levels monitored, in a manner that appears not to be connected to the local wind regime. One of the most relevant pieces of information contained in the who le current data set concems the repeated presence of clockwise rotations in a near-inertial frequency, even at 100 m. The principal objective of the present study was to investigate any seasonal signal in the appearance and characteristics of the mesoscale motion. The main observed feature in a low-passed time series below the thermocline, namely a rapid and strong autumn increase in mesoscale activity, is shown to be consistently present, with very small inter-annual temporal variability. This maximum of mesoscale activity is followed by a rapid decrease in winter and then by a continuous decline un til the end of the summer. A complete characterization of the mesoscale motion in the Northem Current, including its origin and interaction with the main flow, requires extensive experimental and numerical work. Our results have demonstrated that this motion displays a clear seasonal cycle and pro. vided evidence that the recorded mesoscale activity is linked far more to the shelf/slope front evolution than to local wind variability. Variabilité saisonnière à moyenne échelle du courant nord de la Méditerranée occidentale. Le courant Liguro-Provençal-Catalan ou courant nord suit la pente continentale du nord-ouest de la mer Méditerranée. Il a été décrit comme un flux permanent
Consolidation hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy following laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma

Abstract Purpose: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an intriguing method of delivery wherein the cytotoxic agent is continuously heated and circulated throughout the peritoneum in an attempt to improve efficacy. Despite the potential of HIPEC in the treatment of ovarian cancer, there are limited safety, feasibility and survival data involving this procedure, particularly in conjunction with maintenance chemotherapy. Patients and methods: We retrospectively evaluated ovarian cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic debulking surgery, attained a complete response to their primary chemotherapy and subsequently received consolidation HIPEC with carboplatin area under the curve of 10 (AUC of 10) and a planned 12 cycles of paclitaxel (135 mg/m2) maintenance chemotherapy. The following demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted: patient age, body mass index, surgery and pathology data, chemotherapy regimen, intra-operative results, toxicity, post-operative complications, length of hospital stay and disease-free/overall survival. Results: We identified 37 patients who were the subject of this study. There were no intra-operative complications during the administration of HIPEC; median estimated blood loss was 50 mL and length of hospital stay was 1.25 days. In the overall study population, six patients developed grade 3/4 anaemia and 24 patients exhibited grade ≤2 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Ten patients developed grade ≤2 nausea on postoperative day 1; there were no hospital readmissions. Median disease-free survival and overall survival was 13 months and 14 months, respectively. Conclusion: The results from this ovarian cancer treatment evaluation suggest that the combination of consolidation HIPEC and maintenance chemotherapy is feasible and reasonably well tolerated.
Capital Structure and Stock Prices: Empirical Evidence from Listed Beverage, Food and Tobacco Companies in Sri Lanka

The share price of a firm is affected by various factors. Determination of share price is not an easy task. The share price movement is based on the firm’s fundamentals, Market efficiency, Macroeconomic Indicators and Perception of the Investors. Several studies have proven that share price of firms are explained by its capital structure. This study tests the relationship between capital structure and share prices of the listed Food and Beverage Tobacco companies in CSE for the period from 2011/2012 to 2016/2017. It analyzes the relationship between share price and capital structure by employing panel least square method approach. According to the results of the study there is a positive relationship between debt to equity and share prices . The results were statistically significant at 1% level of significance. The results indicate adding debt to overall capital positively effects on the share prices. These findings have important implications for managers or people who take decisions regarding capital structure. The changes in capital structure may have a significant impact on stock prices of the companies.
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum ( Xiapex TM ) for Peyronie ’ s disease – July 2015 Summary

Background and licensed indication Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a local connective tissue disorder with a prevalence of 3-10%. It is characterised by fibrous collagen plaques which form in the penile shaft, causing the penis to curve painfully when erect. This can cause distress and can impact on sexual and emotional function. The pathophysiology is poorly understood but minor trauma, genetic predisposition and risk factors such as poor circulation may play a role. XiapexTM (clostridium collagenase histolyticum or CCh) is a purified form of two collagenase enzymes which dissolve penile plaques. XiapexTM was launched in February 2015 for palpable mature non calcified penile plaques of moderate (30-60) penile curvature in PD. Dosing The dose of reconstituted XiapexTM injection is 0.58mg (0.25ml) administered into the penile plaque by a trained physician over 4 treatment cycles (each cycle consists of 2 injections and penile modelling). Alternatives Various oral, topical, intralesional treatments and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) have been tried but there is no convincing rationale or evidence of efficacy to support their use. Radiotherapy may be helpful but is limited by adverse effects and penile traction by impracticality. Surgery, though potentially risky, is the mainstay of treatment for men with PD with penile curvature of >60. Guidelines NICE suggest that ESWT be used in audit/research but the lack of robust efficacy data are noted. The European Association of Urology (EAU) recommends a number of options for conservative management of PD, including intralesional XiapexTM, verapamil or interferon.
Community and International Nutrition Intermittent Iron Supplementation Regimens Are Able to Maintain Safe Maternal Hemoglobin Concentrations during Pregnancy in Venezuela 1

Daily iron supplementation programs for pregnant women recommend amounts of iron that are considered by some to be excessive, and either lower-dose or less frequent iron supplementation regimens have been proposed. A randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed to assess and compare the relative effectiveness of a weekly (WS) or twice weekly (TW) iron supplementation schedule in maintaining or achieving hemoglobin (Hb) levels at term considered to carry minimal maternal and fetal risk (90–130 g/L). Pregnant women (n 116) at wk 10–30 of gestation (63 WS and 53 TW) were enrolled in the study (52 in WS and 44 TW completed the study). Women were randomly allocated to receive a 120-mg oral dose of iron as ferrous sulfate and 0.5 mg of folic acid weekly (n 52) or 60 mg iron and 0.25 mg folic acid and a placebo twice weekly (n 44). Hb, hematocrit, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation were estimated at baseline and at 36–39 wk of gestation. Baseline dietary data and the presence and intensity of intestinal helminthic infections were assessed. The duration of supplementation was 14 4 wk and the median level of adherence was 60.5%. Hb concentrations improved in women following the TW regimen and in women following WS who had low baseline Hb levels. About 89% of WS women and 95% of TW women maintained Hb levels at term (between 90 g/L and130 g/L), a range associated with optimal pregnancy outcomes. One woman in the TW group exhibited higher Hb levels that potentially carried perinatal risk ( 130 g/L). Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation may be a valid strategy when used as a preventive intervention in prenatal care settings. J. Nutr. 134: 1099–1104, 2004.
A Sympathetic Neuron Autonomous Role for Egr3-Mediated Gene Regulation in Dendrite Morphogenesis and Target Tissue Innervation

Egr3 is a nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced transcriptional regulator that is essential for normal sympathetic nervous system development. Mice lacking Egr3 in the germline have sympathetic target tissue innervation abnormalities and physiologic sympathetic dysfunction similar to humans with dysautonomia. However, since Egr3 is widely expressed and has pleiotropic function, it has not been clear whether it has a role within sympathetic neurons and if so, what target genes it regulates to facilitate target tissue innervation. Here, we show that Egr3 expression within sympathetic neurons is required for their normal innervation since isolated sympathetic neurons lacking Egr3 have neurite outgrowth abnormalities when treated with NGF and mice with sympathetic neuron-restricted Egr3 ablation have target tissue innervation abnormalities similar to mice lacking Egr3 in all tissues. Microarray analysis performed on sympathetic neurons identified many target genes deregulated in the absence of Egr3, with some of the most significantly deregulated genes having roles in axonogenesis, dendritogenesis, and axon guidance. Using a novel genetic technique to visualize axons and dendrites in a subpopulation of randomly labeled sympathetic neurons, we found that Egr3 has an essential role in regulating sympathetic neuron dendrite morphology and terminal axon branching, but not in regulating sympathetic axon guidance to their targets. Together, these results indicate that Egr3 has a sympathetic neuron autonomous role in sympathetic nervous system development that involves modulating downstream target genes affecting the outgrowth and branching of sympathetic neuron dendrites and axons.