Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leader Communication Style

The proliferation of small group applications in a wide range of settings has brought about the identification of the small group phenomenon as a powerful human growth experience. Researchers have studied the group from a global view, including its developmental growth, the specific effects of composition, self-disclosure of members, and member interaction. Critics of group research (Bednar and Lawlis, 1971; Bednar and Kaul, 1978) call for a research focus on experimental studies that measure group interaction rather than characteristics of the total group. Responsive to this request and to the counseling question of &dquo;Who affects whom and how? &dquo;, this research centered on leader impact in small group interactions. Shift in focus from group process per se to leader and member behaviors resulted in research interest in leader impact. The literature concerning trainer impact has been relatively
Daily wellbeing in families with children: A harmonious and a disharmonious week

Abstract What makes daily life in families with young children harmonious, and are there better and worse times? Applying a daily approach, the present study examined one week in dual-earner families with young children, with special focus on families that reported either a harmonious or a disharmonious week in their family interaction. Quantitative and qualitative diary data were collected with mobile phones and with paper and pencil from 45 families. Fourteen families representing either disharmonious or harmonious interaction were chosen for a detailed analysis of good and difficult moments in the spousal and parent–child relationship. What most clearly distinguished these weeks was not the characteristics of good and difficult moments, but the frequency of these moments.
Surface myoelectric signal classification for prostheses control

This paper represents an ongoing investigation for surface myoelectric signal segmentation and classification. The classical moving average technique augmented with principal components analysis and time-frency analysis were used for segmentation. Multiresolution wavelet analysis was adopted as an effective feature extraction technique while artificial neural networks were used for classification. Results of classifying four elbow and wrist movement signals recorded from biceps and triceps gave 5.1% classification error when two channels were used.
Global communication and memory optimizing transformations for low power signal processing systems

In this paper we first illustrate the crucial impact of memory related power consumption on the global system power budget, in particular for multi-dimensional real-time signal processing subsystems. A realistic medical imaging demonstrator shows that the power budget of the system is clearly dominated by the memory access and that up to an order of magnitude can be gained by transforming the initial specification, even without incorporating the effect of a possible supply voltage reduction. We have analyzed the most relevant contributions in this power budget and propose several ways to reduce them. In addition, an automated transformation technique is described to decrease the memory related power budget.
Age-related declines in working-memory skills : evidence from a complex calculation task

Sixteen young, 16 middle-aged, and 16 older adults practiced an algorithm for squaring 2-digit numbers for 6 sessions. Errors were classified as failures of working-memory processes (e.g., substitutions, deletions, omissions) or as calculation errors (e.g., fact-retrieval errors).
Shadow Sorting

This paper investigates the border between formal employment, shadow employment, and unemployment in an equilibrium model of the labour market with market frictions. From the labour demand side, firms optimally create legal or shadow employment through a mechanism that is akin to tax evasion. From the labour supply side, heterogeneous workers sort across the two sectors, with high productivity workers entering the legal sector. Such worker sorting appears fully consistent with most empirical evidence on shadow employment. The model sheds also light on the "shadow puzzle," the increasing size of the shadow economy in OECD countries in spite of improvements in technologies detecting tax and social security evasion. Shadow employment is correlated with unemployment, and it is tolerated because the repression of shadow activity increases unemployment. The model implies that shadow wage gaps should be lower in depressed labour markets and that deregulation of labour markets is accompanied by a decline in the average skills of the workforce in both legal and shadow sectors. Based on micro data on two countries with a sizeable shadow economy, Italy and Brazil, we find empirical support to these implications of the model. The paper suggests also that policies aimed at reducing the shadow economy are likely to increase unemployment.
Effects of estradiol on reduction of osteoarthritis in rabbits through effect on matrix metalloproteinase proteins

Objective(s): Osteoarthritis (OA), as a known degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis. In this study, we aimed to elucidate unclear pathogenesis of OA. Materials and Methods: Rabbit models of OA were established by the transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. Rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups: the experimental group (OA modeling, treated with estradiol), the control group (OA modeling, treated with normal saline) and the normal group (without OA modeling). The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and hyaluronan (HA) content of knee joint were collected and assayed. In addition, gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-13 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 were evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: Animal models were developed successfully. GAG and HA concentrations were significantly increased in the experimental and the normal group compared with the control group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Significant increase of GAG level in 6, 9 and 12 week-samples were found in the experimental group compared with the control group (P<0.01). The expression level of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in the experimental group were lower than the control group (P<0.01), but still higher than those of the normal group (P<0.01). TIMP-1 expression level was found to be higher in the experimental group than that of the control and normal group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The results suggested the possible role of estradiol in the pathological process of OA via its effect on the MMPs. The results also implied the effect of estradiol intervention on OA.
Supporting webpage revisiting with history data and visualization

This research addresses the general topic of “keeping found things found” by investigating difficulties people encounter when revisiting webpages. The overall aim of the research is to design, develop and evaluate a web history tool that addresses these difficulties. An empirical study has been conducted. Participants recorded their web navigation for three months using a Firefox add-on. Each participant then took part in a controlled laboratory experiment, to revisit webpages they had visited neither frequently (on only one day) nor recently (1 week or 1 month ago). Ten underlying causes of failure were discovered. Overall, 61% of the failures occurred when the target page: 1) had originally been accessed via search results; 2) was on a topic a participant often looked at; or 3) was on a known but large website. Based on the findings of the empirical study, a new visualization history tool which supports people in revisiting webpages has been designed and developed as an add-on for Firefox. The tool has two main novel aspects. Firstly, by providing different navigation techniques, it enables users to revisit webpages within their long-term web history. Secondly, the visualization presentation is created based on the user’s navigational paths (even crossing different tabs) rather than the chronology which webpages were visited. Evidence about the benefits of the visualization history tool has been provided through a three month field study. The results showed that such a history tool solved the identified causes of failure and helped participants succeed on 96% of revisiting occasions. They particularly used the tool to revisit webpages which had been visited neither frequently and nor recently. Participants often took only 3 steps to revisit a webpage. Overall, they were satisfied with the tool and rated it 4.1/5.0, and 84% of them wanted to keep using the tool after the evaluation.
Improving Sub-Phone Modeling for Better Native Language Identification with Non-Native English Speech

Identifying a speaker’s native language with his speech in a second language is useful for many human-machine voice interface applications. In this paper, we use a sub-phone-based i-vector approach to identify non-native English speakers ’ native languages by their English speech input. Time delay deep neural networks (TDNN) are trained on LVCSR corpora for improving the alignment of speech utterances with their corresponding sub-phonemic “senone” sequence s. The phonetic variability caused by a speaker’s native language can be better modeled with the sub-phone models than the conventional phone model based approach. Experimental results on the database released for the 2016 Interspeech ComParE Native Language challenge with 11 different L1s show that our system outperforms the best system by a large margin (87.2% UAR compared to 81.3% UAR for the best system from the 2016 ComParE challenge).
Differences in the Relationship of Menstrual Cycle Phase to Spatial Performance on Two- and Three-Dimensional Tasks

Inverse activational effects of estrogen on spatial problem-solving performance in females have been amply demonstrated, although the findings across studies are somewhat inconsistent. In an attempt to resolve this ambiguity, the present study compared activational effects, using phases of the menstrual cycle as the criteria for estrogen levels, on two- and three-dimensional spatial tasks. As predicted, menstrual cycle effects were obtained for the latter category only. Results were interpreted as a function of the greater ecological validity of three-dimensional tasks.
THE EMPIRICAL DETERMINANTS OF INVENTORY LEVELS IN HIGH‐VOLUME MANUFACTURING

This study uses survey data on several hundred automotive suppliers in North America to evaluate the determinants of inventory levels in high‐volume discrete parts manufacturing. We assess the magnitude of raw materials, work‐in‐process, and finished goods inventories held at automotive supply plants. Inventories are shown to be jointly determined by technological and managerial factors in a manner roughly consistent with classical inventory theory. Several categories of managerial practices are found to be important. Low inventories are linked to employee problem solving and frequent communication with customers. More unexpectedly, we find the absence of inventory differences between U.S.‐owned and Japanese‐owned plants in North America. This contrasts with substantial differences in inventory holding between US plants and those in Japan.
DNA replication in the 1-cell mouse embryo: stimulatory effect of histone acetylation

Temporal and spatial distribution of the sites of DNA replication were examined in 1-cell mouse embryos. Embryos were labelled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) at hourly intervals after fertilisation, and the incorporation of BrdU was examined by laser-scanning confocal microscopy following immunostaining with an anti-BrdU antibody. DNA replication first started uniformly in both the male and female pronuclei in the intranuclear region and then was observed in the peripheral regions of nucleus and nucleolus. These changes, however, occurred asynchronously in that the female pronucleus required a longer time to complete replication in the intranuclear region but not in the peripheral regions. Inhibiting transcription with α-amanitin had no effect on the temporal and spatial patterns of DNA replication. Treatment of the embryos with trapoxin, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase, accelerated the completion of replication in the peripheral regions but not in the intranuclear region. These results suggest that DNA replication is temporally and spatially regulated in the 1-cell embryos and that acetylation of histones, but not transcription, is involved in the regulation of DNA replication.
Development of Zigbee based Street Light Control System

Industry of street lighting systems are growing rapidly and going to complex with rapid growth of industry and cities. To control and maintain complex street lighting system more economically, various street light control systems are developed. Nevertheless most of developed systems have some drawbacks. So we are going to develop new light control system which can overcome old systems drawbacks. We surveyed various street light control systems and analyzed its characteristics. Through these efforts, we found that common drawbacks of most light control systems are uneasiness of handling and difficulty of maintenance. To reduce uneasiness of handling and difficulty of maintenance in operating light control system, we designed new street light control system by using Zigbee communication technique. In this thesis, we describe on the H/W design of new street light control system designed by using Zigbee communication protocol
Low-dose calcitriol prevents the rise in 1,84-iPTH without affecting serum calcium and phosphate in patients with moderate renal failure (prospective placebo-controlled multicentre trial).

BACKGROUND Higher doses of calcitriol are effective in lowering markedly elevated 1,84 PTH levels of patients with renal secondary hyperparathyroidism. It has not been established, however, whether prophylactic administration of low doses of calcitriol prevents an increase of 1,84 PTH without causing side-effects, i.e. hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria, or hyperphosphataemia. STUDY DESIGN We carried out a placebo-controlled, double-blind prospective multicentre trial over 12 months in 45 patients with mild to moderate renal failure. Criteria for inclusion were S-creatinine 1.4 mg/dl and 1,84 PTH > 6 pmol/l (normal 6). Calcitriol 0.125 microgram/day per os was compared with placebo. The patients received calcium carbonate per os if serum P exceeded 1.7 mmol/l. RESULTS Baseline 1,84 iPTH concentrations were not significantly different, i.e. 14.0 pmol/l (6.7-63.3) on placebo vs 16.2 (6.85-82.0) on calcitriol. Intention to treat analysis revealed a significant difference of final 1,84 iPTH, i.e. 27.8 (4.2-68.5) on placebo vs 18.2 (4.45-75.5) on calcitriol. On post-hoc analysis the difference was even more pronounced at S-creatinine concentrations above 3 mg/dl. S-calcium, S-phosphate, and urinary excretion of calcium did not change significantly on either placebo or on calcitriol. There were no episodes of hypercalcaemia or hyperphosphataemia. There was no significant difference of final S-creatinine or change in S-creatinine between placebo and calcitriol. One patient on calcitriol and two on placebo progressed to terminal renal failure. Bone alkaline phosphatase as a non-invasive index of bone metabolism was not decreased to subnormal levels. CONCLUSION The results document that a therapeutic window exists in patients with moderate renal failure and elevated of 1,84 iPTH, where low-dose calcitriol (0.125 microgram/day) prevents the increase in 1,84 iPTH without causing side-effects. This observation suggests that the parathyroid is more sensitive to calcitriol than intestine and bone.
News Values in Award-Winning Photos

o understand and describe rican photojournalism, the -. ,lined a series of award. l m i n g news and feature photographs. The photos had been cited by panels of photographers as placing first, second or third in monthly judging for the National Press Photographers' Association between 1978198 I . Because the judging was sanctioned by the NPPA, the winning photos were assumed to reflect qualities the NPPA would see as desirable in news and feature photos. In effect, this research examined the news values professional photographers bring to their assignments. Are those news values the same ones traditionally attributed to news reporting, the ones which emphasize timeliness, proximity, consequence, prominence, significance, conflict and human interest? Are there special news values that are distinctly photographic? Are there other news values that we might infer from an examination of photographs? Our review of the professional and scholarly journals revealed several studies of photo content, but none examining issues or employing methods used here. Plunkett conducted a factor analysis of 35 Pulitzer prize-winning photos; he said the photos followed eight motifs: 1) campus disturbances, 2) safety, 3) human needs, 4) violence, 5 ) assault, @idolatry, 7)
Genital Anomalies in Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Background/Aims: Klinefelter’s syndrome is characterized by progressive testicular failure causing aspermatogenesis and androgen deficiency. Klinefelter patients classically have complete male sex differentiation, and genital anomalies are generally not recognized as associated features of the syndrome. Methods: We reviewed the cases of Klinefelter’s syndrome with genitalia abnormalities from the Cambridge Disorders of Sex Development Database, and also reviewed previous case reports of genital anomalies associated with Klinefelter’s syndrome and its variants. Results: We present seven Klinefelter patients with abnormalities of the genitalia, ranging from mild anomalies (chordee) to moderate undervirilisation (bifid scrotum and perineal hypospadias). Two cases were true hermaphrodites with karyotypes 47,XXY and 47,XXY/46,XX respectively. Though androgen insensitivity has been postulated previously as a possible pathogenic mechanism, we demonstrated normal androgen binding in 3 cases in which this was studied. Review of other case reports revealed a range of mild-to-severe abnormalities as well as cases reported as sex reversal, testicular feminization, and true hermaphroditism. Conclusion: Genital anomalies are not commonly observed in Klinefelter’s syndrome. However, it is important to acknowledge the association, and recognize Klinefelter’s syndrome as one of the causes of abnormal genitalia at birth.
Comparison of Trends in Tuberculosis Incidence among Adults Living with HIV and Adults without HIV – Kenya, 1998–2012

Background In Kenya, the comparative incidences of tuberculosis among persons with and without HIV have not been described, and the differential impact of public health interventions on tuberculosis incidence in the two groups is unknown. Methods We estimated annual tuberculosis incidence stratified by HIV status during 2006–2012 based on the numbers of reported tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection, the prevalence of HIV infection in the general population, and the total population. We also made crude estimates of annual tuberculosis incidence stratified by HIV status during 1998–2012 by assuming a constant ratio of HIV prevalence among tuberculosis patients compared to the general population. Results Tuberculosis incidence among both adults with HIV and adults without HIV increased during 1998–2004 then remained relatively stable until 2007. During 2007–2012, tuberculosis incidence declined by 28–44% among adults with HIV and by 11–26% among adults without HIV, concurrent with an increase in antiretroviral therapy uptake. In 2012, tuberculosis incidence among adults with HIV (1,839–1,936 cases/100,000 population) was still eight times as high as among adults without HIV (231–238 cases/100,000 population), and approximately one third of tuberculosis cases were attributable to HIV. Conclusions Although tuberculosis incidence has declined among adults with and without HIV, the persistent high incidence of tuberculosis among those with HIV and the disparity between the two groups are concerning. Early diagnosis of HIV, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy, regular screening for tuberculosis, and isoniazid preventive therapy among persons with HIV, as well as tuberculosis control in the general population, are required to address these issues.
OXA-163-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Cairo, Egypt, in 2009 and 2010

ABSTRACT Two genetically unrelated OXA-163-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were identified from two infection cases in June 2009 and May 2010 in Cairo, Egypt. OXA-163-producing Enterobacteriaceae had been previously reported in Argentina only. Both patients had no history of travel abroad. The emergence of this newly recognized OXA-48-related β-lactamase able to hydrolyze cephalosporins and carbapenems is especially worrying in a geographic area where OXA-48 is endemic and effective surveillance for antibiotic resistance is largely unaffordable.
RESULTS OF HORMONE IMPLANTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE CLIMACTERIC

Based on the assumption that the menopause or climacteric is due to a decline in function of the sex glands as part of the process leading to old age with all its physical and mental implications, 1,000 women and 300 men (age range, 40–75 years) were treated with hormone implants during the years 1945–1970. The advantages of the implant method are listed. This therapy resulted in a marked improvement in flushes, in general condition, in depression and fatigue, and in the local changes of the genital tract and skin; the patients looked better and younger. The arguments against hormone treatment (especially with oestrogen) are: 1) it might cause post‐menopausal bleeding, and 2) it might produce cancer. In our series, the incidences of bleeding and of cancer were lower in the hormonally treated women than in the women who did not receive hormone therapy.
Trends and influences in the integration of students with disabilities in Australia

Although support for the integration of students with disabilities has increased in the past 20 years in Australia, it has not been clear to what extent this support has resulted in less restrictive educational placements for these students. This paper reports the results of an analysis of trends in the placement of students with disabilities in Australian schools. The paper also discusses the influence on this educational placement by sex, age and number of disabilities of school students, and their State of residence. This discussion follows the analysis of portions of a national data set compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics that related to people with disabilities.
Mutations in the Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Genes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 from Antiretroviral Naïve and Treated Pediatric Patients

The success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is challenged by the emergence of resistance-associated mutations in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). In this study, resistance associated mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes in antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve and treated HIV-1 infected pediatric patients from North India were evaluated. Genotyping was successfully performed in 46 patients (30 ART naive and 16 treated) for the RT gene and in 53 patients (27 ART naive and 26 treated) for PR gene and mutations were identified using Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. A major drug resistant mutation in RT gene, L74I (NRTI), and two such mutations, K101E and G190A (NNRTI), were observed in two ART naïve patients, while M184V was detected in two ART treated patients. Overall, major resistance associated mutations in RT gene were observed in nine (30%) and seven (36%) of ART naïve and treated children respectively. Minor mutations were identified in PR gene in five children. Few non-clade C viral strains (≈30%) were detected, although subtype C was most predominant. The screening of ART naïve children for mutations in HIV-1 RT and protease genes, before and after initiation of ART is desirable for drug efficacy and good prognosis.