Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disentangling Effects of Age and Career Preferences on the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention and Behavior: An Examination in Three Samples

Given the growing concern for managing an aging workforce, the generally lower inclination for voluntary turnover of older employees can be considered good news for companies. However, there is also evidence that certain unsatisfactory working conditions will prompt higher turnover intention among these employees. Our study aimed to disentangle the effects of age-related and age-independent preferences in the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention and behavior. We particularly analyzed the role of independent career orientation additionally to age and hypothesized a three-way interaction such that lower job satisfaction would be related to higher turnover intention and behavior for older employees with a stronger independent career orientation. We found support for this hypothesis in two large cross-sectional surveys of employees ( N s = 1,416, 1,446) and a time-lagged study ( N = 146) in which actual turnover was measured 3.5 years after the assessment of job satisfaction and career orientation. Our findings add to the aging, career, and turnover literatures by showing that both age-related life stage preferences and relatively age-independent career preferences act together in moderating the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover. We discuss practical implications for HR management regarding employee retention and career counseling.
Self-reflection as a mediator between self-efficacy and well-being

Purpose – How does self-efficacy affect employee well-being? The purpose of this paper is to increase insight in the underlying process between employee self-efficacy and well-being at work (i.e. emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction) by investigating the mediating role of employees’ engagement in reflection and rumination. Design/methodology/approach – A representative sample of the Dutch working population (n=506) filled out an online questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to test the measurement model and research model. Findings – As predicted, self-efficacy was significantly related to emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. Rumination mediated the self-efficacy-exhaustion relationship. Reflection did not serve as a mediator; although reflection was predicted by self-efficacy, it was unrelated to exhaustion and job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – This cross-sectional study was restricted to self-report measures. Longitudinal research is needed to validate the fi.
Perceptions of Pre-Service Social Sciences Teachers Regarding the Concept of "Geography" by Mind Mapping Technique.

The objective of this study is to present the perceptions of preservice social sciences teachers regarding the concept of geography. In the study, the study group consists of 46 preservice social sciences teachers, who receive education at Ahi Evran University. The data were collected in December, 2010. Mind maps were used as data collection tools and the preservice teachers were presumed to use the concept of geography as the main idea. The study is a qualitative research design. The collected data were analysed with the content analysis technique. According to the findings, preservice social sciences teachers used 245 concepts on their mind maps, regarding the concept of geography. These concepts were examined in terms of their common traits and put into six different conceptual categories. It was determined that preservice social sciences teachers placed the concept of geography into 18 different visual elements on their mind maps. Usually, it was observed that preservice teachers highly associate the concept of geography with the concepts of physical geography.
Neonatal outcomes of assisted and naturally conceived twins: systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: To review the neonatal outcomes of assisted reproductive technique (ART) vs. naturally conceived (NC) twins. Methods: A search in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane library was performed (January 2000–September 2010). Articles reporting outcomes of ART vs. NC twins were classified in controlled and non-controlled studies. A sub-group was limited to unlike sex twins (UST). The MOOSE guidelines were followed. A randomized model was generated if inter-studies heterogeneity was >25%. Inter-group comparison was significant if P<0.05. Results: Thirteen articles were reviewed. In non-controlled studies, outcomes were equal between groups, except for cesarean section rates (ART: 71.8%; NC: 49.6%; P<0.0001; OR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.55–3.54). Similar results were obtained in controlled studies, except for higher rates of preterm delivery in ART (55%) than in NC (53%) twins (P=0.03; OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.03–1.65). UST differed with regard to preterm delivery (ART: 58.6%; NC: 49.5%; P<0.0001; OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.25–1.83), and perinatal death (ART: 3.6%; NC: 1.8%; P<0.0001; OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.41–2.71). Birth weight differed between groups. Conclusion: ART twins carry increased risk of adverse outcomes. UST are at higher risk of perinatal death, although further studies are needed to assess whether chorionicity impacts on neonatal outcomes after ART.
Sleep, sleeping sites, and sleep‐related activities: Awakening to their significance

Since primates spend about half of their life at sleeping sites, knowledge of behavior in the vicinity of sleeping sites and analysis of factors influencing their use is important for understanding the diversity of primates' adaptations to their environment. The present paper reviews recent progress in the ethology and ecology of sleep in diurnal monkeys and apes. Emphasis is given to the following topics: safety from predators at sleeping sites, physical comfort, social behavior, and psychophysiology of sleep. In all cases, study at the group level and at the individual level can provide insights into behavioral adaptations. As well as increasing understanding of behavior in the wild, knowledge of sleep‐related behavior can be applied with a view to improving the environment for captive primates. Am. J. Primatol. 46:63–75, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐ Liss, Inc.
Heat driven cooling of portable electronics using thermoelectric technology

A novel ldquoshunt attachrdquo configuration for chip-scale thermoelectric (TE) generation of electric power from microprocessor waste heat is described, modeled, and parametrically analyzed. The generated electricity is used to drive a cooling fan that convectively cools the chip. A prototype using heat-driven cooling through off-the-shelf TE modules and a low-voltage fan was built and successfully applied to the thermal management of a high-power mobile processor in a portable equipment form factor.
Kinetic study of the intermetallic compound formation between eutectic Sn−3.5Ag alloys and electroplated Ni metallization in flip-chip solder joints

Ni-based under-bump metallization (UBM) has attracted wide attention due to its low reaction rate with Sn, compared with Cu and Cu alloy. In this study, the interfacial reactions between eutectic Sn–3.5Ag solder and Ni-based UBM, including electroplated Ni (EP-Ni) and electroless Ni (EL-Ni) are investigated. Morphology and growth kinetics of Ni_3Sn_4 intermetallic compounds are studied at different reflow temperatures and durations. The growth rate and the growth activation energy of Ni_3Sn_4 were measured for the two sets of samples. The activation energies are measured to be 25 kJ/mol and 38 kJ/mol for the Ni_3Sn_4 growth on EP-Ni and EL-Ni, respectively. The Ni_3Sn_4 on EP-Ni UBMs shows a slower growth rate and the Ni_3Sn_4/solder interface is void free even after 20-min reflow at 240 °C. On the other hand, the interface of Ni_3Sn_4/EL-Ni has a lot of microvoids after reflowing at 240 °C for 20 min.
Occupational dermal exposure to cyclophosphamide in Dutch hospitals: a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown that exposure to antineoplastic drugs can cause reproductive toxic effects as well as carcinogenic effects. Presence of these drugs in the urine of hospital personnel has been widely studied and some work has been done on exposure by inhalation. So far, assessment of dermal exposure to antineoplastic drugs has not been extensively studied. In this pilot study we assessed potential and actual dermal exposure for several common hospital tasks. Results were used to derive an optimal measurement strategy for a currently ongoing exposure survey. METHODS Dermal exposure to cyclophosphamide was determined in three Dutch hospitals during five tasks (preparation, decanting urine, washing the patient, removing bed sheets and cleaning the toilet) using pad samples on 10 body locations. In addition, protective medical gloves (worn during the performance of these activities) were collected to estimate potential exposure of the hands. Subsequently, hands were washed to measure actual exposure of the hands. Bulk samples (i.e. application and body fluids) were collected and possible contact surfaces were monitored to assess the amount of cyclophosphamide potentially available for exposure. RESULTS The results show that hospital personnel (i.e. pharmacy technicians and oncology nurses) are dermally exposed to cyclophosphamide during performance of their daily duties. Exposure occurred predominantly on the hands and sporadically on other body locations (i.e. forehead and forearms). Gloves used during preparation of cyclophosphamide were more contaminated than gloves used in other tasks, however, actual exposure of the hands (underneath the gloves) was highest during decanting of urine of treated patients. Glove samples correlated significantly with handwash samples (r = 0.57, P = 0.03, n = 15). The level of protection from gloves varied between tasks, being highest for gloves used during preparation (median = 98%) and lowest for gloves used during decanting urine (median = 19%). CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrated that dermal exposure to cyclophosphamide is common among hospital personnel. The results showed that hands, forearms and forehead accounted for 87% of the cyclophosphamide total body exposure. Glove samples together with handwash samples enabled estimation of glove efficiency, which appeared to vary strongly between tasks observed.
VirB2 is a processed pilin-like protein encoded by the Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid

The mechanism of DNA transmission between distinct organisms has remained a subject of long-standing interest. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediates the transfer of plant oncogenes in the form of a 25-kb T-DNA sector of a resident Ti plasmid. A growing body of evidence leading to the elucidation of the mechanism involved in T-DNA transfer comes from studies on the vir genes contained in six major operons that are required for the T-DNA transfer process. Recent comparative amino acid sequence studies of the products of these vir genes have revealed interesting similarities between Tra proteins of Escherichia coli F factor, which are involved in the biosynthesis and assembly of a conjugative pilus, and VirB proteins encoded by genes of the virB operon of A. tumefaciens pTiC58. We have previously identified VirB2 as a pilin-like protein with processing features similar to those of TraA of the F plasmid and have shown that VirB2 is required for the biosynthesis of pilin on a flagella-free Agrobacterium strain. In the present work, VirB2 is found to be processed and localized primarily to the cytoplasmic membrane in E. coli. Cleavage of VirB2 was predicted previously to occur between alanine and glutamine in the sequence -Pro-Ala-Ala-Ala-Glu-Ser-. This peptidase cleavage sequence was mutated by an amino acid substitution for one of the alanine residues (D for A at position 45 [A45D]), by deletion of the three adjacent alanines, and by a frameshift mutation 22 bp upstream of the predicted Ala-Glu cleavage site. With the exception of the frameshift mutation, the alanine mutations do not prevent VirB2 processing in E. coli, while in A. tumefaciens they result in VirB2 instability, since no holo- or processed protein is detectable. All of the above mutations abolish virulence. The frameshift mutation abolishes processing in both organisms. These results indicate that VirB2 is processed into a 7.2-kDa structural protein. The cleavage site in E. coli appears to differ from that predicted in A. tumefaciens. Yet, the cleavage sites are relatively close to each other since the final cleavage products are similar in size and are produced irrespective of the length of the amino-terminal portion of the holoprotein. As we observed previously, the similarity between the processing of VirB2 in A. tumefaciens and the processing of the propilin TraA of the F plasmid now extends to E. coli.
An Empirical Investigation of the Discriminability of Reported Mystical Experiences Among Religious Contemplatives, Psychotic Inpatients, and Normal Adults

Thirty patients currently in residence at a psychiatric inpatient facility, meeting DSM-III-R criteria for psychotic disorders and having religious delusions, were given the Hood Mysticism Scale, Knoblauch's Ego Grasping Oiientation Inventory (EGO Scale), and Raskin and Hall's Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI). Second, thirty senior members of various contemplative/mystical groups and thirty normalappearing hospital staff were given the same battery. Results were analyzed using a multivariate discriminant analysis. Contemplatives and Psychotics taken together could be separated from Normals, but not from each other, with the Hood Mysticism Scale. The Normals and Contemplatives taken together could be separated from the Psychotics, but not from each other, with the EGO Scale and the NPI. A twodimensional discriminant function based on the three tests correctly classified the Psychotics 92.6%, the Normals 79.3%, and the Contemplatives 70.0% of the time. For the Contemplative/Psychotic mixture taken alone, 90% of the Contemplatives and 92.6% of the Psychotics were correctly separated.
Topoisomerase 1 Inhibition Promotes Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-Dependent Antiviral Responses

ABSTRACT Inflammatory responses, while essential for pathogen clearance, can also be deleterious to the host. Chemical inhibition of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) by low-dose camptothecin (CPT) can suppress transcriptional induction of antiviral and inflammatory genes and protect animals from excessive and damaging inflammatory responses. We describe the unexpected finding that minor DNA damage from topoisomerase 1 inhibition with low-dose CPT can trigger a strong antiviral immune response through cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) detection of cytoplasmic DNA. This argues against CPT having only anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, expression of the simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen was paramount to the proinflammatory antiviral activity of CPT, as it potentiated cytoplasmic DNA leakage and subsequent cGAS recruitment in human and mouse cell lines. This work suggests that the capacity of Top1 inhibitors to blunt inflammatory responses can be counteracted by viral oncogenes and that this should be taken into account for their therapeutic development. IMPORTANCE Recent studies suggest that low-dose DNA-damaging compounds traditionally used in cancer therapy can have opposite effects on antiviral responses, either suppressing (with the example of CPT) or potentiating (with the example of doxorubicin) them. Our work demonstrates that the minor DNA damage promoted by low-dose CPT can also trigger strong antiviral responses, dependent on the presence of viral oncogenes. Taken together, these results call for caution in the therapeutic use of low-dose chemotherapy agents to modulate antiviral responses in humans. Recent studies suggest that low-dose DNA-damaging compounds traditionally used in cancer therapy can have opposite effects on antiviral responses, either suppressing (with the example of CPT) or potentiating (with the example of doxorubicin) them. Our work demonstrates that the minor DNA damage promoted by low-dose CPT can also trigger strong antiviral responses, dependent on the presence of viral oncogenes. Taken together, these results call for caution in the therapeutic use of low-dose chemotherapy agents to modulate antiviral responses in humans.
Longitudinal association between lung function and health-related quality of life in cystic fibrosis

Background Lung function is an important indicator of cystic fibrosis disease status and those with better forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)% predicted have tended to report a better health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cross-sectional studies. The relationship between lung function and HRQoL over time is unknown. This work assesses the natural progression of HRQoL reporting over many years and compares assessments across a whole decade and evaluates the relationship between lung function and HRQoL longitudinally. Methods Demographic (age, gender), clinical (FEV1% predicted, body mass index, diabetes, Burkholderia cepacia complex, intravenous access device and nutritional status) and HRQoL (Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire) variables were obtained every 2 years over a 12-year period (seven time points from 1998 to 2010). Results HRQoL and lung function declined slowly over time and significant decade changes were observed for FEV1% predicted and the nine domains of the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire. The results of random coefficient modelling indicated that, at the population level, decreasing FEV1% predicted was associated with decreasing HRQoL after adjusting for confounding variables. However, the percentage of patients for whom a decrease in lung function was associated with a decrease in HRQoL differed according to the quality of life domain. Conclusions HRQoL and FEV1% predicted decline slowly; nevertheless, a decrease in lung function predicted a decrease in HRQoL over time.
Photoinduced Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfers in Biorelevant Phenolic Systems

Proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions have received much attention over the past 10 years, from an experimental as well as from a theoretical point of view. At the heart of many chemical and biological processes, such reactions are of particular interest in energy conversion and enzymatic processes. Among the numerous examples of PCET reactions, photosynthesis and particularly reactions inside the Photosystem II (PSII) subunit, involving a global four electrons and four protons process to perform water oxidation and respiration, is the most emblematic one. This review focuses on the photochemical approaches of PCET reactions involving phenolic molecules. Indeed, a significant part of photochemical PCET studies were conducted on tyrosine or phenol relevant to PSII and charge transport in enzymes. The mechanisms of these reactions, sequential or concerted, with particular emphasis on the influence of pH, temperature, solvent nature and H‐bonding pattern are presented based on photochemical techniques and related theoretical analysis.
A “New” Automated Bolus Technique for Continuous Popliteal Block: A Prospective, Randomized Comparison with a Continuous Infusion Technique

BACKGROUND: We designed the present, prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare the administration of an automated intermittent bolus dose with a conventional technique of continuous infusion of local anesthetic for postoperative analgesia in continuous popliteal sciatic nerve blockade. METHODS: Forty-four patients undergoing hallux valgus repair were randomly assigned to receive either a continuous infusion of 0.125% levobupivacaine with an infusion rate of 5 mL/h (continuous infusion group, n = 22) or automated bolus doses of 5 mL every hour of the same local anesthetic (automated bolus group, n = 22) for 24 h. Postoperative pain scores were assessed using a verbal rating pain score. The amount of rescue tramadol medication for pain was also recorded. RESULTS: In patients of the automated bolus group there was a reduction in pain scores (P < 0.05) during the postoperative period, when compared to patients of the continuous infusion group. Five patients in the automated bolus group (24%) and 11 patients of the continuous group (52%) required rescue tramadol analgesia (P = 0.055). CONCLUSION: The present investigation demonstrated that local anesthetic administered by an automated bolus technique provided better postoperative pain relief than a continuous infusion technique for continuous popliteal nerve block after foot surgery.
Cooperative multi-scale Convolutional Neural Networks for person detection

Robust person detection is required by many computer vision applications. We present a deep learning approach, that combines three Convolutional Neural Networks to detect people at different scales, which is the first time that a multi-resolution model is combined with deep learning techniques in the pedestrian detection domain. The networks learn features from raw pixel information, which is also rare for pedestrian detection. Due to the use of multiple Convolutional Neural Networks at different scales, the learned features are specific for far, medium, and near scales respectively, and thus, the overall performance is improved. Furthermore, we show, that neural approaches can also be applied successfully for the remaining processing steps of classification and non-maximum suppression. The evaluation on the most popular Caltech pedestrian detection benchmark shows that the proposed method can compete with state of the art methods without using Caltech training data and without fine tuning. Therefore, it is shown that our method generalizes well on domains it is not trained on.