Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid efflux in human and mouse macrophagic cells: evidence for differential regulation of phospholipid and cholesterol efflux Published, JLR Papers in Press, July 1, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M400482-JLR200

ABCA1 is a critical regulator of lipid efflux from cells, which is highly regulated at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. However, cells from different species and different tissues, and primary versus immortalized cells, show different modes of regulation. We have carried out a comparative analysis of basic signaling pathways of lipid efflux in mouse J774 cells, mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs), human THP-1 cells, and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) was a potent stimulator of lipid efflux in mouse macrophages, but not in human macrophages. Moreover, this cAMP-inducible component of efflux from MPMs was inhibitable by H89 [a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor], but H89 did not affect basal efflux. On the other hand, cAMP failed to show any stimulatory effect in human macrophages, but basal efflux was inhibitable by H89. In MPMs and THP-1 cells, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors blocked cholesterol efflux but had no effect on phospholipid efflux, demonstrating the separation of the regulation of phospholipid efflux and cholesterol efflux in macrophages. We conclude that: 1) cAMP regulates lipid efflux predominantly in a PKA-dependent fashion; 2) cholesterol efflux is modulated by a PKC-dependent mechanism; and 3) mouse and human macrophages exhibit different modes of regulation of lipid efflux.
Xsens MVN: Full 6DOF Human Motion Tracking Using Miniature Inertial Sensors

The Xsens MVN motion capture suit is an easy-to- use, cost efficient system for full-body human motion capture. MVN is based on unique, state-of-the-art miniature inertial sensors, biomechanical models and sensor fusion algorithms. MVN does not need external cameras, emitters or markers. It can thus be used outdoors as well as indoors, there are no restrictions for lighting, it does not suffer from problems of occlusion or missing markers. In addition, unique for inertial motion capture technology: the sensor-suit captures any type of movement, including running, jumping, crawling and cartwheels.
Job Search with Organizational Size As a Signal

It is in workers' interest to leave their jobs if better work can be found, but imperfect information on outside opportunities impedes their job search. We describe two theories on workers' search using the organizational size as a proxy for work characteristics and derive hypotheses on how the organizational size distribution in a labor market affects job separations. We test the hypotheses with NLSY 79 data on job separations, finding that diversity in organizational sizes affects worker mobility. Workers are more likely to move within counties with many organizations larger than their current one or many organizations of different sizes and are more likely to leave counties lacking these characteristics.
The Dark Side of Deeply Meaningful Work: Work‐Relationship Turmoil and the Moderating Role of Occupational Value Homophily

How are close personal relationships experienced by people in deeply meaningful work? Drawing upon in&#8208;depth interview data with 82 international aid workers, I offer three distinct contributions. First, I find that people who experience their work as deeply meaningful have high work devotion. I identify boundary inhibition as a mechanism to explain why they participate more willingly in overwork and erratic work, despite giving rise to time&#8208; and trust&#8208;based conflict in their relationships. Second, I find that people with high work devotion often also experience emotional distance in their personal relationships when their close others don&#8217;t value their work &#8211; a context I call occupational value heterophily. This disconnection&#8208;based conflict compounds the time&#8208; and trust&#8208;based conflict and engenders an emotionally agonizing situation, which I call work&#8208;relationship turmoil. Third, when close others do value their partner&#8217;s work &#8211; a context I call occupational value homophily &#8211; it fosters an emotional connection and offers an avenue for work&#8208;relationship enrichment. These findings draw upon deeply meaningful work to detail the multi&#8208;faceted work&#8208;relationship experience among those with high work devotion.
Epidemiological and Diagnostic Features of Blastocystis Infection in Symptomatic Patients in Izmir Province, Turkey

Background The aims of this study were to identify Blastocystis subtypes (STs) in a cohort of Turkish patients with various gastrointestinal symptoms using a novel Real Time PCR method developed recently for Blastocystis detection and assess the relationship between Blastocystis STs and patient symptoms. Methods Totally, 617 stool samples of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were examined with microscopy and inoculated in Jones medium. Blastocystis-positive samples were further assessed to identify coinfections with other possible pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. Diagnostic efficacies of microscopy, culture and Real-Time PCR were compared. PCR products were sequenced to identify the subtypes of Blastocystis isolates. Results Totally 94 (15.24%) samples were positive for Blastocystis after all methods. Among these, 83 of 94 (88.3%) samples were identified with all methods, while 11 were positive only with Real Time PCR. Diarrhea and abdominal pain were the leading symptoms in the patients. The only pathogenic agent identified in 76 of 94 (80.9%) patients was Blastocystis. Subtype 3 was the leading Blastocystis subtype (44.6%), while subtypes 6 and 7 were firstly isolated from symptomatic patients in our region. Conclusion Comparison of three diagnostic methods indicated Real Time PCR as the most sensitive and specific method. Blastocystis was the only pathogenic agent among symptomatic patients, with subtype 3 being predominant. Patients with subtypes 6 and 7 need further assessments concerning the zoonotic potential of Blastocystis.
The Capacity Region of the Gaussian Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Broadcast Channel

The Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel (BC) is considered. The dirty-paper coding (DPC) rate region is shown to coincide with the capacity region. To that end, a new notion of an enhanced broadcast channel is introduced and is used jointly with the entropy power inequality, to show that a superposition of Gaussian codes is optimal for the degraded vector broadcast channel and that DPC is optimal for the nondegraded case. Furthermore, the capacity region is characterized under a wide range of input constraints, accounting, as special cases, for the total power and the per-antenna power constraints
Validating the Hornik & Woolf approach to choosing media campaign themes: Do promising beliefs predict behavior change in a longitudinal study?

ABSTRACT Hornik and Woolf (1999) proposed using cross-sectional survey data to prioritize beliefs to address with communication campaign messages. The empirical component of the approach combines evidence of (1) association of beliefs with intentions and (2) current level of beliefs to calculate a “percentage to gain” as the potential promise of a belief. However, the method relies on cross-sectional data; its conclusions are open to challenge. Here, a panel study assesses whether the calculated promise of a belief actually predicts future behavior change. A nationally representative sample of 3,204 U.S. youth and young adults were interviewed twice, six months apart. Sixteen beliefs about the benefits and costs of smoking cigarettes are compared with regard to their percentage to gain (calculated from cross-sectional data) and their ability to account for subsequent cigarette use. A belief’s cross-sectional percentage to gain is substantially associated with its ability to predict subsequent behavior change (r = .53, p < .05).
Risks for glomerular filtration rate decline in association with progression of albuminuria in type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the annual rate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline and risks for this decline in association with albuminuria progression in type 2 diabetes. METHODS An observational 4-year cohort study was performed on 1002 subjects with preserved GFR (699 normoalbuminuric), and the predictive value of baseline variables on the GFR slope was investigated. GFR decliner and albuminuria progressor were defined as a GFR slope <-4.0%/year and changes in the geometric mean of urinary albumin from baseline to follow-up >150%, respectively. RESULTS Annual rates of GFR decline (percent per year, median and interquartile range) were -2.58 (-4.70 to -0.48) in normoalbuminuria, -3.49 (-5.93 to -1.11) in microalbuminuria and -6.58 (-10.64 to -3.53) in macroalbuminuria. Subjects cross-classified according to GFR decliner/albuminuria progressor consisted of 51% (-/-), 13% (-/+), 28% (+/-) and 8% (+/+). Common risks for GFR decline and albuminuria progression were retinopathy, neuropathy, hemoglobin A(1C) (HbA(1C)) and urinary albumin. Independent significant risks for GFR decline were baseline GFR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), total protein (TP) and hypertension. Proportions with progression to albuminuria were similar between GFR decliners and non-decliners. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that GFR slope was predicted by baseline variables of urinary albumin, GFR, HbA(1C), SBP, plasma TP and retinopathy. These risks appeared variable according to high or low levels of urinary albumin and GFR. CONCLUSIONS Urinary albumin excretion is only one risk factor for albuminuria progression and GFR decline, and other important factors were implicated as important for prevention of end-stage renal disease.
Speed control design for a vehicle system using fuzzy logic and PID controller

This paper consists of designing fuzzy and PID controllers for controlling the vehicle speed. The dynamic of the system is modeled to provide a transfer function for the plant. Fuzzy and PID controller are designed for linear model. The external disturbances such road grade is considered to stabilizing the system. Both controllers are modeled using MATLAB Simulink software. Finally, a comparative assessment of each simulated result is done based on the response characteristics.
The Role of Gastrokine 1 in Gastric Cancer

Homeostatic imbalance between cell proliferation and death in gastric mucosal epithelia may lead to gastritis and gastric cancer. Despite abundant gastrokine 1 (GKN1) expression in the normal stomach, the loss of GKN1 expression is frequently detected in gastric mucosa infected with Helicobacter pylori, as well as in intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer tissues, suggesting that GKN1 plays an important role in gastric mucosal defense, and the gene functions as a gastric tumor suppressor. In the stomach, GKN1 is involved in gastric mucosal inflammation by regulating cytokine production, the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. GKN1 also inhibits the carcinogenic potential of H. pylori protein CagA by binding to it, and up-regulates antioxidant enzymes. In addition, GKN1 reduces cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation by inhibiting cell cycle progression and epigenetic modification by down-regulating the expression levels of DNMT1 and EZH2, and DNMT1 activity, and inducing apoptosis through the death receptor-dependent pathway. Furthermore, GKN1 also inhibits gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis via coordinated regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition-related protein expression, reactive oxygen species production, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation. Although the modes of action of GKN1 have not been clearly described, recent limited evidence suggests that GKN1 acts as a gastric-specific tumor suppressor. This review aims to discuss, comment, and summarize the recent progress in the understanding of the role of GKN1 in gastric cancer development and progression.
When Geometry Constrains Vision: Systematic Misperceptions within Geometrical Configurations

How accurate are we in reproducing a point within a simple shape? This is the empirical question we addressed in this work. Participants were presented with a tiny disk embedded in an empty circle (Experiment 1 and 3) or in a square (Experiment 2). Shortly afterwards the disk vanished and they had to reproduce the previously seen disk position within the empty shape by means of the mouse cursor, as accurately as possible. Several loci inside each shape were tested. We found that the space delimited by a circle and by a square is not homogeneous and the observed distortion appears to be consistent across observers and specific for the two tested shapes. However, a common pattern can be identified when reproducing geometrical loci enclosed in a shape: errors are shifted toward the periphery in the region around the center and toward the center in the region nearby the edges. The error absolute value declines progressively as we approach an equilibrium contour line between the center and the outline of the shape where the error is null. These results suggest that enclosing an empty space within a shape imposes an organization to it and warps its metrics: not only the perceived loci inside a shape are not the same as the geometrical loci, but they are misperceived in a systematic way that is functional to the correct identification of the center of the shape. Eye movements recordings (Experiment 3) are consistent with this interpretation of the data.
Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Sensory Neurons Are Targets of the Antimycotic Agent Clotrimazole

Clotrimazole (CLT) is a widely used drug for the topical treatment of yeast infections of skin, vagina, and mouth. Common side effects of topical CLT application include irritation and burning pain of the skin and mucous membranes. Here, we provide evidence that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in primary sensory neurons underlie these unwanted effects of CLT. We found that clinically relevant CLT concentrations activate heterologously expressed TRPV1 and TRPA1, two TRP channels that act as receptors of irritant chemical and/or thermal stimuli in nociceptive neurons. In line herewith, CLT stimulated a subset of capsaicin-sensitive and mustard oil-sensitive trigeminal neurons, and evoked nocifensive behavior and thermal hypersensitivity with intraplantar injection in mice. Notably, CLT-induced pain behavior was suppressed by the TRPV1-antagonist BCTC [(N-(-4-tertiarybutylphenyl)-4-(3-cholorpyridin-2-yl)tetrahydropyrazine-1(2H)-carboxamide)] and absent in TRPV1-deficient mice. In addition, CLT inhibited the cold and menthol receptor TRPM8, and blocked menthol-induced responses in capsaicin- and mustard oil-insensitive trigeminal neurons. The concentration for 50% inhibition (IC50) of inward TRPM8 current was ∼200 nm, making CLT the most potent known TRPM8 antagonist and a useful tool to discriminate between TRPM8- and TRPA1-mediated responses. Together, our results identify TRP channels in sensory neurons as molecular targets of CLT, and offer means to develop novel CLT preparations with fewer unwanted sensory side effects.
Sosyal Bilgiler Derslerini Veren Öğretmenlerin Küresel Vatandaşlığa ve Küresel Vatandaşlık Eğitimine Bakışları

The aim of this study is to reveal the opinions of teachers who deliver Social Studies courses on global citizenship and global citizenship education. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 15 teachers who were interviewed individually and face to face with the purposeful random sampling method. The data were analyzed by content analysis. Based on the findings, it was found that teachers have a positive opinion about global citizenship. Besides, teachers have identified global citizens as individual who have self-awareness of the world and humanity, sensitive to the problems of the world, participant in the sense of rights and responsibilities, non-discriminatory and give importance to solidarity with other people. Teachers have expressed that global citizenship education is necessary to ensure non-discrimination and solidarity in the world in order to communicate with people from cultures. It was also concluded that Social Studies courses are found insufficient to serve global citizenship education in Turkey by teachers.
Free Recall and Learning of Emotional Word Lists in Very Elderly People With and Without Dementia

An emotional memory advantage has been found across the life span where recall is better for emotional (as opposed to neutral) stimuli. Our goal was to design emotionally valent word lists for easy use by practitioners and to test whether demented and healthy elderly participants showed an emotional memory advantage with these lists. Three new word lists (a positive, a negative, and a neutral list) were constructed. Thirty-eight controls, 37 with mild cognitive impairment and 20 Alzheimer's dementia participants' free recall was tested. Unsurprisingly, controls had better recall overall. Emotionally valent words were recalled better in comparison to neutral words in all 3 groups. No recall advantage for positive versus negative words emerged. Learning differed among the groups with the Alzheimer's dementia participants showing flatter learning curves. The results tentatively suggest that emotional memory may stay intact longer but that learning of such lists becomes more difficult as dementia progresses.
Assessment of physicochemical and elemental quality of water from River Lavun, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

Bida axis of Niger State, Nigeria depends on River Lavun for its domestic and commercial activities especially for fishing, drinking, washing, transportation, irrigation and waste disposal, with potential impact on physicochemical and elemental qualities of the river water. The physicochemical parameters of the river water, namely: temperature, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, phosphate, nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) evaluated were found to be within acceptable limit set by World Health Organization (WHO) and/or Nigeria Industrial Standard (NIS) while dissolved oxygen (DO) was above the limit. Elemental composition of the river water was also studied using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Results of the elemental analysis showed that silver, cobalt, and lead were not detected, while the levels of iron, manganese, nickel, and cadmium, were above acceptable limit of drinking water set by WHO and/or NIS. Keywords: Physicochemical; Elemental, Water quality, River Lavun
The Roles of Body and Mind in Abstract Thought

How are people able to think about things they have never seen or touched? We demonstrate that abstract knowledge can be built analogically from more experience-based knowledge. People's understanding of the abstract domain of time, for example, is so intimately dependent on the more experience-based domain of space that when people make an air journey or wait in a lunch line, they also unwittingly (and dramatically) change their thinking about time. Further, our results suggest that it is not sensorimotor spatial experience per se that influences people's thinking about time, but rather people's representations of and thinking about their spatial experience.
Storage reclamation and reorganization in client-server persistent object stores

The authors develop and evaluate a number of storage reclamation algorithms for client-server persistent object stores. Experience with a detailed simulation and a prototype implementation in the Exodus storage manager shows that one of the proposed algorithms, the Incremental Partitioned Collector, is complete, maintains transaction semantics, and can be run incrementally and concurrently with client applications. Furthermore, it can significantly improve subsequent system performance by reclustering data, rendering it attractive even for systems that choose not to support automatic storage reclamation. <<ETX>>
Data Fusion with Entropic Priors

In classification problems, lack of knowledge of the prior distribution may make the application of Bayes' rule inadequate. Uniform or arbitrary priors may often provide classification answers that, even in simple examples, may end up contradicting our common sense about the problem. Entropic priors, determined via the application of the maximum entropy principle, seem to provide a much better answer and can be easily derived and applied to classification tasks when no more than the likelihood functions are available. In this paper we present an example in which the use of the entropic priors is compared to the results of the application of Dempster-Shafer theory.
Uniform Polyhedra

Uniform polyhedra consist of regular faces and congruent vertices. Allowing for nonconvex faces and vertex figures, there are 75 such polyhedra, as well as 2 infinite families of prisms and antiprisms. A recently discovered uniform way of computing their vertex coordinates is the basis for our program to display all of these solids, among which are many beautiful and stunning shapes. We will also develop some utilities for drawing spherical triangles and for storing properties of objects in a flexible way.
On modular properties of odd theta-characteristics

A general canonical curve X determines a finite set T(X) of hyperplanes, which is in bijective correspondence with the set of odd theta-characteristics of X. The definition of T(X) can be extended to certain singular curves, in a way that is compatible with degenerations. If X is a Deligne-Mumford stable curve (or a cuspidal curve), we describe the enumerative and local geometry of T(X); this is applied to show that some singular curves are uniquely determined by T(X). This work generalizes the preliminary steps used in AG/0008239 (with E. Sernesi) to show that a general curve of genus 3 can be recovered from its odd theta-characteristics.
An O*(2^n ) Algorithm for Graph Coloring and Other Partitioning Problems via Inclusion--Exclusion

We use the principle of inclusion and exclusion, combined with polynomial time segmentation and fast Mobius transform, to solve the generic problem of summing or optimizing over the partitions of n elements into a given number of weighted subsets. This problem subsumes various classical graph partitioning problems, such as graph coloring, domatic partitioning, and max k-cut, as well as machine learning problems like decision graph learning and model-based data clustering. Our algorithm runs in O*(2n) time, thus substantially improving on the usual O*(3n)-time dynamic programming algorithm; the notation O* suppresses factors polynomial in n. This result improves, e.g., Byskov's recent record for graph coloring from O*(2.4023n) to O*(2n). We note that twenty five years ago, R. M. Karp used inclusion-exclusion in a similar fashion to reduce the space requirement of the usual dynamic programming algorithms from exponential to polynomial
Modulation of auditory cortex activation by sound presentation rate and attention

We studied the effects of sound presentation rate and attention on auditory supratemporal cortex (STC) activation in 12 healthy adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3 T. The sounds (200 ms in duration) were presented at steady rates of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.5, or 4 Hz while subjects either had to focus their attention to the sounds or ignore the sounds and attend to visual stimuli presented with a mean rate of 1 Hz. Consistent with previous observations, we found that both increase in stimulation rate and attention to sounds enhanced activity in STC bilaterally. Further, we observed larger attention effects with higher stimulation rates. This interaction of attention and presentation rate has not been reported previously. In conclusion, our results show both rate‐dependent and attention‐related modulations of STC indicating that both factors should be controlled, or at least addressed, in fMRI studies of auditory processing. Hum Brain Mapping, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.