Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting marital satisfaction through early maladaptive schemas and communication styles of couples

Marital satisfaction is one of the most important factors in making progress in one’s life and achieving life’s goals. The role of communication in maintaining healthy and prolonged marital relationships is important. One of the internal psychological factors that play a role in marital satisfaction and the relationships of couples is early maladaptive schemas. Hence, this study investigated the effects of early maladaptive schemas and the communication styles of couples in predicting marital satisfaction among married students of Zanjan Azad University. A sample of 93 individuals was selected by convenience sampling method and evaluated by Enrich marital satisfaction scale questionnaire (EMS) (Olson, 1989), Young early maladaptive schemas short-form (YSQ-SF) (Young, 1998), and couple’s communication styles questionnaire (CPQ) (Christensen and Sullaway, 1984). The information obtained from the samples was analysed by SPSS 22 software. Independent T test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were also used. The results showed a significant and negative correlation between subjugation schema (r = -0.68), failure schema (r = -0.52), and the total score of early maladaptive schema with marital satisfaction (r = -0.55). There was a significant and positive correlation between the mutual constructivist pattern (r = 0.91), negative and significant correlation between avoidance pattern (r = -0.78), and demand/withdraw pattern with marital satisfaction (r = -0.66). The total score of maladaptive schemas (p
The Importance of Proximity for the Start‐Ups' Knowledge Acquisition and Exploitation

This paper intends to verify the impact of geographical proximity on the processes of knowledge acquisition and exploitation by high‐tech start‐ups considering at the same time the role of both the social and cognitive dimensions of proximity. Our basic assumption is that proximity means a lot more than just geography. The findings from this research broaden our understanding of how start‐ups located inside an industrial cluster acquire knowledge from their customers and exploit it in an innovative way, underscoring the need to reconsider assumptions regarding the importance of geographical proximity between business partners during knowledge management.
Dragon's Paradise Lost: Palaeobiogeography, Evolution and Extinction of the Largest-Ever Terrestrial Lizards (Varanidae)

Background The largest living lizard species, Varanus komodoensis Ouwens 1912, is vulnerable to extinction, being restricted to a few isolated islands in eastern Indonesia, between Java and Australia, where it is the dominant terrestrial carnivore. Understanding how large-bodied varanids responded to past environmental change underpins long-term management of V. komodoensis populations. Methodology/Principal Findings We reconstruct the palaeobiogeography of Neogene giant varanids and identify a new (unnamed) species from the island of Timor. Our data reject the long-held perception that V. komodoensis became a giant because of insular evolution or as a specialist hunter of pygmy Stegodon. Phyletic giantism, coupled with a westward dispersal from mainland Australia, provides the most parsimonious explanation for the palaeodistribution of V. komodoensis and the newly identified species of giant varanid from Timor. Pliocene giant varanid fossils from Australia are morphologically referable to V. komodoensis suggesting an ultimate origin for V. komodoensis on mainland Australia (>3.8 million years ago). Varanus komodoensis body size has remained stable over the last 900,000 years (ka) on Flores, a time marked by major faunal turnovers, extinction of the island's megafauna, the arrival of early hominids by 880 ka, co-existence with Homo floresiensis, and the arrival of modern humans by 10 ka. Within the last 2000 years their populations have contracted severely. Conclusions/Significance Giant varanids were once a ubiquitous part of Subcontinental Eurasian and Australasian faunas during the Neogene. Extinction played a pivotal role in the reduction of their ranges and diversity throughout the late Quaternary, leaving only V. komodoensis as an isolated long-term survivor. The events over the last two millennia now threaten its future survival.
An explanation of apology acceptance based on lay peoples’ insights

Apologies play an important role in forgiveness, but the pathway from apology to forgiveness is unclear. Many researchers use Goffman’s model of the corrective interchange, or models derived from it to guide their research. This model is based on the assumption that offenders apologise to victims who accept these apologies and that this leads to forgiveness. The acceptance of the apology is therefore central in this model, so we undertook a systematic literature review to determine how researchers conceptualise and measure apology acceptance and found a lack of clarity around the construct. We addressed this theoretical uncertainty by exploring whether lay people distinguish between apology acceptance and forgiveness, and if they do, how they describe apology acceptance. We use contemporary neuro-cognitive theories that explain social and moral decision-making and behaviour to integrate the themes we identified to develop a preliminary theoretical explanation of how the apology acceptance stage fits into Goffman’s model.
A new estimate for present‐day Cocos‐Caribbean Plate motion: Implications for slip along the Central American Volcanic Arc

Velocities from 153 continuously‐operating GPS sites on the Caribbean, North American, and Pacific plates are combined with 61 newly estimated Pacific‐Cocos seafloor spreading rates and additional marine geophysical data to derive a new estimate of present‐day Cocos‐Caribbean plate motion. A comparison of the predicted Cocos‐Caribbean direction to slip directions of numerous shallow‐thrust subduction earthquakes from the Middle America trench between Costa Rica and Guatemala shows the slip directions to be deflected 10° clockwise from the plate convergence direction, supporting the hypothesis that frequent dextral strike‐slip earthquakes along the Central American volcanic arc result from partitioning of oblique Cocos‐Caribbean plate convergence. Linear velocity analysis for forearc locations in Nicaragua and Guatemala predicts 14±2 mm yr−1 of northwestward trench‐parallel slip of the forearc relative to the Caribbean plate, possibly decreasing in magnitude in El Salvador and Guatemala, where extension east of the volcanic arc complicates the tectonic setting.
Constitutive activation of the DNA damage response pathway as a novel therapeutic target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

The recent finding that MYC-driven cancers are sensitive to inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway, prompted us to investigate the role of DDR pathway as therapeutic target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which frequently overexpresses the MYC oncogene. In a preliminary immunohistochemical study conducted on 99 consecutive DLBCL patients, we found that about half of DLBCLs showed constitutive expression of the phosphorylated forms of checkpoint kinases (CHK) and CDC25c, markers of DDR activation, and of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX), marker of DNA damage and genomic instability. Constitutive γH2AX expression correlated with c-MYC levels and DDR activation, and defined a subset of tumors characterised by poor outcome. Next, we used the CHK inhibitor PF-0477736 as a tool to investigate whether the inhibition of the DDR pathway might represent a novel therapeutic approach in DLBCL. Submicromolar concentrations of PF-0477736 hindered proliferation in DLBCL cell lines with activated DDR pathway. These results were fully recapitulated with a different CHK inhibitor (AZD-7762). Inhibition of checkpoint kinases induced rapid DNA damage accumulation and apoptosis in DLBCL cell lines and primary cells. These data suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of DDR through targeting of CHK kinases may represent a novel therapeutic strategy in DLBCL.
Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: Description and Cognitive Familiar Endophenotypes. A Review of the Literature

The presence of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia is a fact widely confirmed by a more than abundant literature. The existence of these deficits cannot be ignored, given their presence even with stabilized symptoms and their proven correlation with the function - ing of the subject. The following chapter focuses on describing the main affected cog nitive domains most frequently described in this pathology, mutually before and after the appearance of the clinical signs, as well as reviewing the presence of these affected domains in first-degree relatives of these patients. The existence of these deficits in rela - tives reveals that these alterations can not only be considered as markers of heritability and risk for the development of the pathology, but that their ignorance, in the family context, is also related to an important stain in the perception of the quotidian aspects, in the healthy interaction between relatives and an impact on the overall functionality of the subject.
Pathology of the Policy-Making Process in Sport for All in Iran

Background. “Sport for all” is associated with the heart of the community and aims to spread joy and happiness, boost morale, increase motivation, promote healthy individual and social life, reduce family and social abnormalities, strengthen physical power, and eliminate mental problems for all people, including men and women, and old and young people. Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the pathology of the policy-making process in sport for all in Iran. Methods. The methodology of this study utilized an applied mixed-method study. The population of the study consisted of executives and experts of sports for all in Iran. In the qualitative study, by using targeted and criterion sampling methods, 16 subjects were selected as a sample. Data was collected by conducting interviews. Then, the data from the interviews by Streubert and Carpenter’s method (2011) were coded and analyzed. In the quantitative study, the samples were selected by using a simple random sampling method; the data was collected by using a questionnaire that was extracted from qualitative research. Data analysis in this section was performed by using the SPSS software and the Friedman test. Results. In the qualitative study, the findings showed that the organizational components, beliefs and cultures, economic conditions, scientific analysis and interpretation of studies, and research were factors that affected the policy-making process of sport for all in Iran. The existing weaknesses of the policy-making process in sport for all in Iran included weak control and monitoring, weak structure, weak planning and execution, weak performance of media, limited financial resources, weak performance of human resources, rules, and limited partnership of academic and research centers. Conclusion. In general, the findings showed that the policy-making process for sport for all in Iran was associated with certain weaknesses and challenges; they must be recognized and modified based on scientific methods. Strengthening the close communication between the individuals responsible, policy-making organizations, and universities in the field have been suggested.
C IV λ1549 as an Eigenvector 1 Parameter for Active Galactic Nuclei

We are exploring a spectroscopic unification for all types of broad-line emitting AGNs. The four-dimensional Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) parameter space organizes quasar diversity in a sequence primarily governed by Eddington ratio. This paper considers the role of C IV λ1549 measures as 4DE1 diagnostics. We use HST archival spectra for 130 sources with S/N high enough to permit reliable C IV λ1549 broad-component measures. We find a C IV λ1549BC profile blueshift that is strongly concentrated among (largely radio-quiet [RQ]) sources with FWHM(HβBC) ≲ 4000 km s-1 (which we call Population A). Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1; with FWHM Hβ ≤ 2000 km s-1) sources belong to this population but do not emerge as a distinct class. The systematic blueshift, widely interpreted as arising in a disk wind/outflow, is not observed in broader line AGNs (including most radio-loud [RL] sources), which we call Population B. We find new correlations involving FWHM(C IV λ1549BC), C IV λ1549 line shift, and equivalent width only among Population A sources. Sulentic et al. suggested C IV λ1549 measures enhance an apparent dichotomy between sources with FWHM(HβBC) less and greater than 4000 km s-1, suggesting that it has more significance in the context of broad-line region structure than the more commonly discussed RL versus RQ dichotomy. Black hole masses computed from FWHM C IV λ1549BC for about 80 AGNs indicate that the C IV λ1549 width is a poor virial estimator. Comparison of mass estimates derived from HβBC and C IV λ1549 reveals that the latter show different and nonlinear offsets for Population A and B sources. A significant number of sources also show narrow-line C IV λ1549 emission that must be removed before C IV λ1549BC measures can be made and interpreted effectively. We present a recipe for C IV λ1549 narrow-component extraction.
Dose and Radioadaptive Response Analysis of Micronucleus Induction in Mouse Bone Marrow

Enhanced cellular DNA repair efficiency and suppression of genomic instability have been proposed as mechanisms underlying radio-adaptive responses following low-dose radiation exposures. We previously showed that low-dose γ irradiation does not generate radio-adaptation by lowering radiation-induced cytogenetic damage in mouse spleen. Since radiation may exert tissue-specific effects, we extended these results here by examining the effects of γ radiation on cytogenetic damage and proliferative index in bone marrow erythrocytes of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. In C57BL/6 mice, the induction of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE) was observed at radiation doses of 100 mGy and greater, and suppression of erythroblast maturation occurred at doses of >500 mGy. A linear dose–response relationship for MN-PCE frequencies in C57BL/6 mice was established for radiation doses between 100 mGy and 1 Gy, with departure from linearity at doses of >1 Gy. BALB/c mice exhibited increased MN-PCE frequencies above baseline following a 20 mGy radiation exposure but did not exhibit radio-sensitivity relative to C57BL/6 mice following 2 Gy exposure. Radio-adaptation of bone marrow erythrocytes was not observed in either strain of mice exposed to low-dose priming γ irradiation (single doses of 20 mGy or 100 mGy or multiple 20 mGy doses) administered at various times prior to acute 2 Gy irradiation, confirming the lack of radio-adaptive response for induction of cytogenetic damage or suppression or erythrocyte proliferation/maturation in bone marrow of these mouse strains.
Transcriptome Analysis of Quantitative Resistance-Specific Response upon Ralstonia solanacearum Infection in Tomato

Bacterial wilt, caused by the soil-borne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, is a lethal disease of tomato, but the molecular mechanisms of the host resistance responses to R. solanacearum remain unclear. In this study, we report the first work describing the transcriptome of cultivar resistance and susceptible tomato cultivar after inoculation with R. solanacearum. To elucidate the characteristics of resistance early in the interaction, we analyzed microarrays for resistant cultivar LS-89 and susceptible cultivar Ponderosa 1 day after stem inoculation. No change in gene expression was detected for Ponderosa, but expression levels of over 140 genes, including pathogenesis-related, hormone signaling and lignin biosynthesis genes, increased in LS-89. Expression of β-1,3-glucanase genes increased substantially. In an immunohistochemical study, glucanase in LS-89 accumulated in the xylem and pith tissues surrounding xylem vessels filled with R. solanacearum. The expression of these genes also increased in four other resistant cultivars, but changed little in four susceptible cultivars in response to R. solanacearum, suggesting that similar reactions occur in other cultivars. These gene expression profiles will serve as fundamental information to elucidate the molecular mechanisms in the resistance response to R. solanacearum in tomato.
Interactions between U(1) cosmic strings: An analytical study.

We derive analytic expressions for the interaction energy between two general U(1) cosmic strings as the function of their relative orientation and the ratio of the coupling constants in the model. The results are relevant to the statistic description of strings away from critical coupling and shed some light on the mechanisms involved in string formation and the evolution of string networks.
The external environment's effect on management and strategy

Purpose – This paper seeks to investigate the influence of the external environment on the choice of strategic management activities, from a chaos and complexity perspective, since a business environment is a complex adaptive system.Design/methodology/approach – The study in this paper was of an exploratory nature, using the qualitative techniques of case study, depth interviews and document analysis to collect data from two companies each in the IT and packaging industries, namely, more successful/less successful companies.Findings – The paper finds that first, it was proposed that more successful companies in turbulent environments would use radical, fast and disruptive strategies. Furthermore, strategy making should be a democratic, bottom‐up process and should be organic, self‐organising, adaptive and emergent. The results confirmed these propositions. Second, it was proposed that more successful companies in stable environments would use more traditional management and strategies and more formal stra.
The vertebrate genome: isochores and evolution.

Vertebrate genomes are mosaics of isochores--namely, of long (> 300 kb), compositionally homogeneous DNA segments that can be subdivided into a small number of families characterized by different GC levels. In the human genome (which is representative of a number of mammalian genomes, and, more broadly, of the genomes of warm-blooded vertebrates), the compositional range of isochores is 30%-60% GC, and five families of isochores have been identified: two GC-poor families, L1 and L2, together representing 62% of the genome, and three GC-rich families, H1, H2, and H3, representing 22%, 9%, and 3%, respectively (the remaining 4% of the genome is formed by satellite and ribosomal DNA). Gene concentration is strikingly nonuniform, being highest in the H3 isochore family, lowest in the L1 + L2 families, and intermediate in the H1 + H2 families. The H3 family corresponds to T(elomeric) bands of metaphase chromosomes, and the L1 + L2 families correspond to G(iemsa) bands, whereas R(everse) bands comprise both GC-poor and GC-rich isochores. The compositional distributions of large genome fragments, of exons (and their codon positions), and of introns are correlated with each other. They represent compositional patterns and are very different between the genomes of cold- and warm-blooded vertebrates, mainly in that the former are much less heterogeneous in base composition and never reach the highest GC levels attained by the latter. Only relatively small compositional differences are found among the genomes of either cold- or warm-blooded vertebrates. Compositional patterns allow one to define two modes in genome evolution: a conservative mode, with no compositional change, and a transitional (or shifting) mode, with compositional changes. The conservative mode can be observed among either cold- or warm-blooded vertebrates. The transitional mode comprises both major and minor compositional changes. In vertebrate genomes, the major changes are associated with the appearance of GC-rich and very GC-rich isochores in mammalian and avian genomes. Mutational biases play a role in both modes of compositional evolution. According to one viewpoint, the fixation of compositionally biased mutations is responsible for the transitional mode of evolution of bacterial genomes; in the conservative mode of evolution of vertebrates, they accomplish their role in conjunction with differences either in chromatin structures that modulate replication errors or in chromatin transcriptional activities that may lead to various extents of repair-DNA synthesis. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
DeepHash: Getting Regularization, Depth and Fine-Tuning Right

This work focuses on representing very high-dimensional global image descriptors using very compact 64-1024 bit binary hashes for instance retrieval. We propose DeepHash: a hashing scheme based on deep networks. Key to making DeepHash work at extremely low bitrates are three important considerations -- regularization, depth and fine-tuning -- each requiring solutions specific to the hashing problem. In-depth evaluation shows that our scheme consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across all data sets for both Fisher Vectors and Deep Convolutional Neural Network features, by up to 20 percent over other schemes. The retrieval performance with 256-bit hashes is close to that of the uncompressed floating point features -- a remarkable 512 times compression.
White Matter Anisotropy in the Ventral Language Pathway Predicts Sound-to-Word Learning Success

According to the dual stream model of auditory language processing, the dorsal stream is responsible for mapping sound to articulation and the ventral stream plays the role of mapping sound to meaning. Most researchers agree that the arcuate fasciculus (AF) is the neuroanatomical correlate of the dorsal steam; however, less is known about what constitutes the ventral one. Nevertheless, two hypotheses exist: one suggests that the segment of the AF that terminates in middle temporal gyrus corresponds to the ventral stream, and the other suggests that it is the extreme capsule that underlies this sound-to-meaning pathway. The goal of this study was to evaluate these two competing hypotheses. We trained participants with a sound-to-word learning paradigm in which they learned to use a foreign phonetic contrast for signaling word meaning. Using diffusion tensor imaging, a brain-imaging tool to investigate white matter connectivity in humans, we found that fractional anisotropy in the left parietal–temporal region positively correlated with the performance in sound-to-word learning. In addition, fiber tracking revealed a ventral pathway, composed of the extreme capsule and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, that mediated auditory comprehension. Our findings provide converging evidence supporting the importance of the ventral steam, an extreme capsule system, in the frontal–temporal language network. Implications for current models of speech processing are also discussed.
GABAergic Projections from Lateral Hypothalamus to Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Promote Feeding

Lesions of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) cause hypophagia. However, activation of glutamatergic neurons in LH inhibits feeding. These results suggest a potential importance for other LH neurons in stimulating feeding. Our current study in mice showed that disruption of GABA release from adult LH GABAergic neurons reduced feeding. LH GABAergic neurons project extensively to the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH), and optogenetic stimulation of GABAergic LH → PVH fibers induced monosynaptic IPSCs in PVH neurons, and potently increased feeding, which depended on GABA release. In addition, disruption of GABA-A receptors in the PVH reduced feeding. Thus, we have identified a new feeding pathway in which GABAergic projections from the LH to the PVH promote feeding.