Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training in subacute stroke

Objective: To assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of short-term inspiratory and expiratory muscle training (IEMT) in subacute stroke patients. Methods: Within 2 weeks of stroke onset, 109 patients with a first ischemic stroke event were randomly assigned to the IEMT (n = 56) or sham IEMT (n = 53) study group. The IEMT consisted of 5 sets of 10 repetitions, twice a day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks, at a training workload equivalent to 30% of maximal respiratory pressures. Patients and researchers assessing outcome variables were blinded to the assigned study group. The main outcome was respiratory muscle strength assessed by maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax, PEmax). Respiratory complications at 6 months were also recorded. Results: Both groups improved respiratory muscle strength during the study. IEMT was associated with significantly improved %PImax and %PEmax: effect size d = 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–1.20) and d = 0.56 (95% CI 0.11–1.02), respectively. No significant training effect was observed for peripheral muscle strength. Respiratory complications at 6 months occurred more frequently in the sham group (8 vs 2, p = 0.042), with an absolute risk reduction of 14%. The number needed to treat to prevent one lung infection event over a follow-up of 6 months was 7. No major adverse events or side effects were observed. Conclusion: IEMT induces significant improvement in inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength and could potentially offer an additional therapeutic tool aimed to reduce respiratory complications at 6 months in stroke patients. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that short-term training may have the potential to improve respiratory muscle strength in patients with subacute stroke.
Teacher knowledge, training and acceptance of students with ADHD in their classrooms: Qatar case study

The presence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is similar to other neurological disorders of the brain in that it lacks a simple specific blood or other straightforward test to confirm the disorder. Parent and teacher rating scales are the standard measure of the presence of ADHD. Most referrals to medical professionals for an ADHD assessment are made by the student's teacher. Qatar schools are staffed differently than other countries in the region, with less than 25% of teachers being local Qataris. Given the appointment of teachers from surrounding nations, there is a lack of quality control for teacher preparation with each nation setting their own standards for teacher education and professional development. Without adequate knowledge of ADHD, teachers may not be able to accurately complete the teacher rating scales needed by medical professionals to assist in confirming a diagnosis of ADHD. Therefore, it is important that teachers understand the characteristics of ADHD, and that ADHD.
The experiences of disabled pupils and their families

In this article, Ann Lewis, Professor of Education at the University of Birmingham, and Ian Davison, Jean Ellins, Louise Niblett, Sarah Parsons, Christopher Robertson and Jeremy Sharpe from the research team provide a summary of discussions and selected recommendations arising from four linked projects run between 2004 and 2006. The projects were funded by the Disability Rights Commission (DRC) and looked into the experiences of disabled pupils and their families across England, Scotland and Wales. A central aim of the research was to identify the key concerns and priorities in relation to their experiences of education for children and young people with special educational needs (SEN) or disabilities and their families in the UK. The research encompassed a UK-wide parent survey (N=1776); in-depth case studies of individual children and young people (N=36); group case studies (of, for example, school councils) (N=3); and a series of project advisory groups involving disabled people. Underlying these aspects was an emphasis on the importance and validity of hearing directly from (potentially all) children and young people themselves. Thus the work meshes closely with initiatives worldwide concerning the recognition of children's‘voice’in matters that concern them. The authors are not aware of any comparable evidence which focuses in-depth on a wide cross-section of pupils with disabilities or special needs and their families in the UK-wide educational context and which is located alongside concurrent authoritative data concerning the views of parents and carers.
Psychosocial characteristic of female victims of domestic violence

Background Domestic violence against women is prevalent in every country, cutting across boundaries of culture, class, education, income, ethnicity, and age. Domestic violence against women results in far-reaching physically and psychological consequences. Although the impact of physical abuse may be more visible, psychological scarring is harder to define and report. Women who remained in violent relationships were considered to have morbid characteristics, which included the need to be hurt and punished. Objective This work was carried out to determine the psychosocial characteristics of women exposed to domestic violence. Materials and methods The current study is a cross-sectional controlled study. In this study, psychological characteristics, using the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory scale (MMPI) personality inventory scale, of 44 women (who presented to the Emergency Unit of Suez Canal University Hospital) complaining of physical abuse of domestic origin were evaluated after taking their consent, and were compared with 22 women with no history of domestic violence. Results The psychological assessment to 44 female victims of domestic violence according to the MMPI personality inventory scale showed a significant difference between the study and the control group in depressive traits, psychopath traits, and psychotic traits. Conclusion Our finding suggested that the study group showed more depressive, psychotic, and psychopathic manifestations than the control group and more studies need to identify whether this results were related to abuse or character logical traits in those women.
Metabolic manifestations of insulin deficiency do not occur without glucagon action

To determine unambiguously if suppression of glucagon action will eliminate manifestations of diabetes, we expressed glucagon receptors in livers of glucagon receptor-null (GcgR−/−) mice before and after β-cell destruction by high-dose streptozotocin. Wild type (WT) mice developed fatal diabetic ketoacidosis after streptozotocin, whereas GcgR−/− mice with similar β-cell destruction remained clinically normal without hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, or hepatic glycogen depletion. Restoration of receptor expression using adenovirus containing the GcgR cDNA restored hepatic GcgR, phospho-cAMP response element binding protein (P-CREB), and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, markers of glucagon action, rose dramatically and severe hyperglycemia appeared. When GcgR mRNA spontaneously disappeared 7 d later, P-CREB declined and hyperglycemia disappeared. In conclusion, the metabolic manifestations of diabetes cannot occur without glucagon action and, once present, disappear promptly when glucagon action is abolished. Glucagon suppression should be a major therapeutic goal in diabetes.
‘Faking’ from the Applicant's Perspective: A Theory of Self-Presentation in Personnel Selection Settings

The paper outlines an alternative theoretical perspective on what is most often discussed as ‘faking’ in the personnel selection literature. The basic premise of the present theory is that, from an applicant's perspective, self-presentational behaviors in selection settings can be understood as attempts to adapt one's projected self-image to situational demands of attracting prospective employers. Self-presentation in selection settings is conceptualized as a process linking four distinguishable motivational and skills sets of individuals acting within context. As opposed to the faking perspective, the present self-presentation perspective aims to (a) understand applicant behavior from the actor's perspective, (b) does not assume that self-presentation is illegitimate, (c) broadens the scope of the discussion beyond personality testing and interviews, and (d) predicts effects on criterion-related validity that range from negative, to neutral, to positive. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
More of the Same Old Story? Women, War, and News in Time Magazine

From a feminist standpoint, this study provides an updated analysis to the age-old subject of women and war reporting. A content analysis of 406 stories from Time magazine explores the intersection of U.S. war reporting and gender in the coverage of the U.S. war in Iraq. Relying on feminist theories, this research dissected the normative method of war coverage to emphasize the reality of women's silence. The results demonstrated that women's perspectives—from official sources to private civilians' voices—are still scarce in war reporting. Women also accounted for only a fifth of the bylines and were mostly quoted as private individuals—representing less than a tenth of the subjects cited. The data showed that women, when it comes to war, are still symbolically annihilated through omission. Feminist ethics must be integrated into journalists' work to rectify the masculine perspectives and viewpoints found in war coverage.
Examining the Impact of Four Key Cultural Dimensions on Ethnic Restaurants in Victoria in Australia

This study examines the impact (if any) of four key cultural dimensions on ethnic restaurants in regional Victoria, Australia. Based on a modified model developed by Nguyen and King [Nguyen, T. , & King, B. (2002). Migrant communities and tourism consumption – the case of the Vietnamese in Australia. In C.M. Hall (Ed.), Tourism and migration. New relationships between production and consumption (pp. 221–256). The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers], this article explores the impacts of religion, co-ethnic ties, marriage and family support on the entrepreneurial behaviour of restaurants. These four cultural dimensions have been identified as influencing factors (Nguyen & King, 2002), but to what extent? It suggests that co-ethnic ties, marriage and family support are important to the daily operations of an ethnic restaurant, and potentially, long-term financial success. This is theoretically important in understanding how ethnic minority restaurants may differ regarding entrepreneurial business decisions compared to similar Western businesses. Utilising family and co-ethnic ties, labour resources offers a competitive advantage in four ways; reduced labour cost, efficiencies in communication, predictable behaviour and restaurant promotional opportunities. Religion, the fourth key cultural dimension put forward in Nguyen and King's (2002) model did not strongly influence entrepreneurial behaviour; however, it still may have relevance outside business behaviour.
A Unifying Model and Analysis of P2P VoD Replication and Scheduling

We consider a peer-to-peer (P2P)-assisted video-on-demand (VoD) system where each peer can store a relatively small number of movies to offload the server when these movies are requested. User requests are stochastic based on some movie popularity distribution. The problem is how to replicate (or place) content at peer storage to minimize the server load. Several variations of this replication problem have been studied recently with somewhat different conclusions. In this paper, we first point out and explain that the main difference between these studies is in how they model the scheduling of peers to serve user requests, and show that these different scheduling assumptions will lead to different “optimal” replication strategies. We then propose a unifying request scheduling model, parameterized by the maximum number of peers that can be used to serve a single request. This scheduling is called Fair Sharing with Bounded Degree (FSBD). Based on this unifying model, we can compare the different replication strategies for different degree bounds and see how and why different replication strategies are favored depending on the degree. We also propose a simple (primarily) distributed replication algorithm and show that this algorithm is able to adapt itself to work well for different degrees in scheduling.
Deep learning for sentiment analysis

Research and industry are becoming more and more interested in finding automatically the polarised opinion of the general public regarding a specific subject. The advent of social networks has opened the possibility of having access to massive blogs, recommendations, and reviews. The challenge is to extract the polarity from these data, which is a task of opinion mining or sentiment analysis. The specific difficulties inherent in this task include issues related to subjective interpretation and linguistic phenomena that affect the polarity of words. Recently, deep learning has become a popular method of addressing this task. However, different approaches have been proposed in the literature. This article provides an overview of deep learning for sentiment analysis in order to place these approaches in context.
Reviewing the curriculum of software engineering undergraduate courses to incorporate communication and interpersonal skills teaching

The major problems of software development projects are not so much technical as sociological in nature. The industry seems to agree very much with this statement while the university seems to give it little importance. The article begins analyzing some related work and proposes changes in software engineering undergraduate courses to accommodate new ways of teaching and to incorporate professional skills teaching. It also describes a course on extreme programming where some techniques will be used and evaluated.
‘Doing it with men’: feminist research practice and patriarchal inheritance practices in Welsh family farming

Internationally, the gender relations of the family farming ‘way of life’ have been shown to be stubbornly persistent in their adherence to patriarchal inheritance practices. This article demonstrates how such ‘agri-cultural’ practices are situated both within the subjective sphere of farming individuals’ and within global agri-economics, bringing new challenges to patrilineal farm survival. It is suggested here that the recent tendency for post-structuralist theorisation in rural studies has underestimated the existence and impact of patrilineal patterns in family farming. Such patterns mean that women are shown to largely occupy relational gender identities as the ‘helper’, whilst men are strongly identified as the ‘farmer’. Drawing on repeated life-history interviews conducted with farming men and women from Powys, Mid Wales, the aim of this article is to generate debate as to the extent to which men can be brought into feminist research practice in order to reveal patriarchy to a greater degree. The article begins by situating the near-exclusion of men from feminist research practice within theoretical developments in feminist geography. This discussion also assists in deriving issues of research methods, positionality and interpretive power which focus the integration of empirical material in the methodological reflections provided in section three. In section two, the rationale for the epistemological stance taken in the research is provided. The article provides an example of the successful integration of men into a feminist research frame, suggests avenues for theoretical development and identifies future research directions which can be informed by ‘doing it with men’.
Trance, Transparency and Transformation: The impact of external quality monitoring on higher education

This paper discusses the impact of external quality monitoring (EQM) on higher education, and identifies areas in higher education where changes have taken place as a result of such external initiatives. Of special interest is the question whether quality improvement actually is the result of the many EQM systems implemented. By interpreting available data an ambiguous answer is provided, highlighting some of the typical side-effects of current EQM systems at the institutional level. The paper argues that lack of effects directly related to quality improvement should not be conceived as an EQM design error alone but as a misconception of how organisational change actually takes place. In the conclusion, it is claimed that a more dynamic view on how organisations change, highlighting the responsibility of the institutional leadership as 'translators of meaning', may contribute to a more useful process.
College Life: Undergraduate Culture and Higher Education.

College in the United States is an odd mixture of higher learning and youth culture for its students, and it has been for over a hundred years. In the late nineteenth century American undergraduates themselves invented the youth culture of outside-the-classroom-college, naming it "college life" and passing it down to future student generations. What has happened to this same youth culture among the students in the 1980s? In an effort to find out, I used anthropological methods, including two years of participant-observation in the residence halls of a state university, Rutgers, in New Brunswick, New Jersey, a college of eightyfive hundred undergraduates embedded in a much larger, fairly typical state university. ' And the first thing I encountered in the Rutgers dorms was an elaborate, vigorous form of modern college life not the "student life" of college catalogues, but an earthier set of mentalities and behaviors. Now as in the past, college life as the students understand it is one of the principal reasons they come to college, and it is what they often remember most fondly after they have left. Why should we care about anything as nonintellectual and lowminded as college life often turns out to be? Because, though contemporary outside-the-classroom college is often the focus of popular
ASSESSMENT OF EVOLUTION AND SENSITIVITY IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Fast-tracking through activity overlapping allows for shortening the total project duration at the expense of an increased likelihood of rework. Activity overlapping allows downstream successor construction activities to start with incomplete information from their upstream predecessor design activities. The nature of information evolution and the strength of dependency between these activities determine the likelihood and amount of potential rework. This paper uses constructs of evolution and sensitivity to characterize the nature and consequences of preliminary (i.e., partial and incomplete) information exchange between upstream and downstream activities, which influence the amount of rework in the downstream activity as a result of a change in upstream information. The paper illustrates the constructs of upstream evolution and downstream sensitivity: what is their influence on the maturity of the information exchanged throughout an overlapped process and how are they assessed in construction projects? The conclusion provides an explanation of the applicability and importance of these constructs in determining the optimal overlapping strategy in fast-track environments.
Variations in health services utilization by primary care patients

This study analyses how both ambulatory care groups (ACGs) and physician characteristics explain the variability in health-service use among primary care patients in Spain. During the period 1996-1997, data derived from 52 152 patients and their 38 respective primary care physicians were collected. The response variables were as follows: number of visits; diagnostic tests requested; and referrals to a specialist. ACGs are an important variable that should be taken into account in order to explain health-service utilization. As for professionals, age and the post they hold are essential factors. Most of the unexplained variability is caused by patient characteristics.
Social Identification and a Solution to Social Dilemmas

The study explored whether cooperation could be promoted by identification with an in-group. A game was used to create two groups independent of each other. Thirty-six Japanese undergraduate students participated in the game, followed by a social dilemma game. Analysis revealed a two-factor structure of social identification: identification with the group and identification with its members. As predicted from social identity theory, subjects showed a significantly higher level of cooperation when the dilemma game was played with in-group members than with out-group members. Furthermore, identification with the group affected both in-group bias and cooperative behavior in the social dilemma game, but this effect was not found for identification with members.
SYSTEMIC AND PSYCHOANALYTIC IDEAS: USING KNOWLEDGES IN SOCIAL WORK

Social work has a complex relationship to knowledge, and to its own production and ‘use’ of knowledges. This paper is about the use of systemic and psychoanalytic knowledge, and it maps selected ideas that are most relevant to social work. From systemic thinking, the core parameters of context and relationship sit harmoniously with social work commitments. Some more particular conceptualisations of multiple relationships are useful in moving beyond individualised understandings of the intimate experience of self and relationship. From psychoanalytic thinking, the whole idea of the unconscious and unconscious communication can be added to the more specific sets of ideas of attachment, transference and countertransference and projective identification, and restraints on the capacity to think. These ideas all address the relational context of intrapsychic experience. Though the map of systemic and psychoanalytic ideas is the ‘substantive’ exploration, this paper is nonetheless framed by an interest in the way in which social work relates to knowledge. The use of systemic and psychoanalytic knowledges thus becomes a case study that serves as a source of secondary reflection on knowledge in social work.
Serum creatinine levels correlate with plasma amyloid β protein

The authors investigated the effect of renal function on plasma amyloid beta protein (Abeta) by analyzing the relationship between creatinine (Cr) and Abeta40 or Abeta42 in plasma from 59 normal control subjects (NC) and 220 Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. In all 279 subjects, Cr was significantly associated with Abeta40 (p < 0.001) and Abeta42 (p < 0.01), accounting for 7.3% and 3.1% of shared variance, respectively. Significant associations were also present in NC and AD groups separately. These results indicate that it may be useful to consider Cr levels when measuring plasma Abeta.