Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Person-specific Theory of Mind in Medial pFC

Although research on theory of mind has strongly implicated the dorsomedial pFC (incuding medial BA 8 and BA 9), the unique contributions of medial pFC (MPFC; corresponding to medial BA 10) to mentalizing remain uncertain. The extant literature has considered the possibility that these regions may be specialized for self-related cognition or for reasoning about close others, but evidence for both accounts has been inconclusive. We propose a novel theoretical framework: MPFC selectively implements “person-specific theories of mind” (ToMp) representing the unique, idiosyncratic traits or attributes of well-known individuals. To test this hypothesis, we used fMRI to assess MPFC responses in Democratic and Republican participants as they evaluated more or less subjectively well-known political figures. Consistent with the ToMp account, MPFC showed greater activity to subjectively well-known targets, irrespective of participants' reported feelings of closeness or similarity. MPFC also demonstrated greater activity on trials in which targets (whether politicians or oneself) were judged to be relatively idiosyncratic, making a generic theory of mind inapplicable. These results suggest that MPFC may supplement the generic theory of mind process, with which dorsomedial pFC has been associated, by contributing mentalizing capacities tuned to individuated representations of specific well-known others.
Governing Cross-Sector, Inter-Organizational Collaborations

Abstract This article addresses the governance of cross-sector, inter-organizational collaboration in the context of public administration and management. It conceptualizes the governance of collaborations in terms of structures and processes that enable actors to direct, coordinate and allocate resources for the collaboration as a whole and to account for its activities. It argues that the need to pay attention to considerations of ‘collaborative governance’ and ‘governing collaboration’ in cross-sector collaborations gives rise to a number of challenges and tensions that need to be addressed if the governance form is to be sustained and the collaboration is to yield advantage.
Toward Hybrid Classical Deep Learning-Quantum Methods for Steganalysis

This paper explores the potential of the hybrid classical deep learning quantum in addressing contemporary information security challenges, including cyber-attack detection and prevention, botnet detection, IP-theft, hardware defect detection, and more, with a specific emphasis on steganalysis. We begin by offering a succinct overview of current information security research trends, focusing on the hybrid classical deep learning-quantum paradigm. Subsequently, we introduce a classical-quantum hybrid framework tailored for uncovering concealed information within a significant public steganalysis dataset, ALASKA2. To enable image extraction and classification, we present a two-layer architecture that integrates convolutional neural network layers into both the classical deep learning and quantum layers. Notably, the proposed approach has improved steganalysis accuracy by achieving a 97% implementation accuracy rate.
A Comprehensive Study Over VLAD and Product Quantization in Large-Scale Image Retrieval

This paper deals with content-based large-scale image retrieval using the state-of-the-art framework of VLAD and Product Quantization proposed by Jegou as a starting point. Demonstrating an excellent accuracy-efficiency trade-off, this framework has attracted increased attention from the community and numerous extensions have been proposed. In this work, we make an in-depth analysis of the framework that aims at increasing our understanding of its different processing steps and boosting its overall performance. Our analysis involves the evaluation of numerous extensions (both existing and novel) as well as the study of the effects of several unexplored parameters. We specifically focus on: a) employing more efficient and discriminative local features; b) improving the quality of the aggregated representation; and c) optimizing the indexing scheme. Our thorough experimental evaluation provides new insights into extensions that consistently contribute, and others that do not, to performance improvement, and sheds light onto the effects of previously unexplored parameters of the framework. As a result, we develop an enhanced framework that significantly outperforms the previous best reported accuracy results on standard benchmarks and is more efficient.
The relationship between mechanical properties of carotid artery and coronary artery disease.

AIMS Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a useful indicator of coronary artery disease (CAD). The relation between functional changes of the common carotid artery (CCA) and CAD is unclear. This study investigated the relationship between CCA strain and CIMT in the assessment of CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS Within a 1-month period, 121 patients underwent coronary angiography and ultrasonography of the CCA. Circumferential strain and strain rate were measured in the left CCA by 2D ultrasonography with a speckle tracking method and CIMT was measured using standard techniques. Adequate images were obtained in 104 patients (59 ± 11 years, 39 females), of which 46 had CAD. Strain and strain rate were negatively correlated with CIMT and were positively correlated with the number of risk factors. CIMT was significantly higher, and strain and strain rate were significantly lower in the CAD group (OR, 95% CI, P-value, CIMT: 23.23, 2.03-265.30, 0.011; strain: 0.51, 0.31-0.82, 0.006; strain rate: 0.01, 0.00-0.13, 0.001). However, after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, only strain and strain rate were significantly associated with CAD (OR, 95% CI, P-value, CIMT: 5.28, 0.28-99.84, 0.267; strain: 0.51, 0.30-0.88, 0.014; strain rate: 0.01, 0.00-0.42, 0.014). CAD severity, assessed by the number of stenosed coronary arteries, was also significantly correlated with strain and strain rate, but was not significantly correlated with CIMT. CONCLUSION Both CIMT and CCA strain were associated with CAD. CAD severity and extent were correlated with strain and strain rate, but were not correlated with CIMT. The evaluation of mechanical properties of CCA by ultrasonographic 2D strain imaging could therefore be more effective than that by CIMT for the assessment of CAD.
Climate change impact on seaweed meadow distribution in the North Atlantic rocky intertidal

The North-Atlantic has warmed faster than all other ocean basins and climate change scenarios predict sea surface temperature isotherms to shift up to 600 km northwards by the end of the 21st century. The pole-ward shift has already begun for many temperate seaweed species that are important intertidal foundation species. We asked the question: Where will climate change have the greatest impact on three foundational, macroalgal species that occur along North-Atlantic shores: Fucus serratus, Fucus vesiculosus, and Ascophyllum nodosum? To predict distributional changes of these key species under three IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) climate change scenarios (A2, A1B, and B1) over the coming two centuries, we generated Ecological Niche Models with the program MAXENT. Model predictions suggest that these three species will shift northwards as an assemblage or “unit” and that phytogeographic changes will be most pronounced in the southern Arctic and the southern temperate provinces. Our models predict that Arctic shores in Canada, Greenland, and Spitsbergen will become suitable for all three species by 2100. Shores south of 45° North will become unsuitable for at least two of the three focal species on both the Northwest- and Northeast-Atlantic coasts by 2200. If these foundational species are unable to adapt to the rising temperatures, they will lose their centers of genetic diversity and their loss will trigger an unpredictable shift in the North-Atlantic intertidal ecosystem.
Effects of psychosocial work factors and psychological distress on self‐assessed work ability: A 7‐year follow‐up in a general working population

BACKGROUND Toinvestigate the effects of psychosocial work factors (PWF) and psychological distress (PD) on self-assessed work ability. METHODS This follow-up study included 7,810 individuals (55%women) with good work ability at baseline. PWFandPD (measured by GHQ-12) were assessed at baseline and work ability at 7-year follow-up. Effects of PWF and PD on work ability were analyzed by logistic regression, odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI, and by mediation analysisusing 4-way decomposition. RESULTS Low support was associated with poor work ability for both women and men (OR 1.78 and 1.89). For men, also low skill discretion was associated with poor work ability (OR 2.07). For both women and men, PD was associated with poor work ability (OR 3.41 and 1.84). PD did not act as an intermediate variablein the association between PWF and work ability. CONCLUSION Strategies for sustainable work ability should focus on both working conditions and health factors. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:121-130, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Platinum Germanosilicide Contacts Formed on Strained and Relaxed $\hbox{Si}_{1 - x}\hbox{Ge}_{x}$ Layers

Contact resistivity is a key contributor to the parasitic series resistance of nanoscale MOSFETs. Since the contact resistivity is an exponential function of the Schottky barrier height, new contact materials that can provide smaller barrier heights to source-drain junctions are needed. Platinum germanosilicide (PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>) is of interest as a contact material to the recessed Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> junctions of p-channel MOSFETs due to the large work function of platinum silicide (PtSi). In this paper, we explore the impact of in-plane biaxial compressive strain in Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> layers on PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> formation and the impact of the PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> on the strain in Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>. The parameters considered in this paper include the Ge content, the thickness of the Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> epitaxial layer, and the PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> thickness. The results show that the resistance, surface morphology, and the crystalline structure of the PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> films are independent of the strain in the original Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> layer. The results also indicate that PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> does not influence the strain in the Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> layer. The barrier-height measurements suggest the presence of Fermi-level pinning, and the pinning position is independent of the strain in the alloy, and it is primarily determined by the Ge concentration. As a result of Fermi-level pinning, hole Schottky barrier height of PtSi<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>-Si<sub>1-x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> contacts is 0.1-0.2 eV higher than that of the PtSi-Si contacts.
Validation of the ECOS-16 Questionnaire in Koreans with Osteoporosis

Study Design Prospective study. Purpose To evaluate the reliability and validity of the adapted Korean version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (ECOS-16). Overview of Literature The validity of the Korean version of ECOS-16 has not been completely demonstrated. Methods Translation/retranslation of the English version of ECOS-16, and full cross-cultural adaptation were performed. The Korean version of a visual analog scale measure of pain, and the Korean versions of ECOS-16 and of the previously validated short form-36 (SF-36) were mailed to 158 consecutive patients with osteoporosis. Factor analysis and reliability assessment using kappa statistics of agreement for each item, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's α were done. Construct validity was evaluated by comparing responses to ECOS-16 with responses to SF-36 using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Factor analysis extracted three factors. All items had a kappa statistics of agreement >0.6. The ECOS-16 showed good test/re-test reliability (0.8469) and internal consistency of Cronbach's α (0.897). The Korean version of ECOS-16 showed significant correlation with SF-36 total scores and with single SF-36 domains scores. Conclusions The adapted Korean version of the ECOS-16 was successfully translated and showed acceptable measurement properties. It is considered suitable for outcome assessments in Korean patients with osteoporosis.
How gender composition influences individual knowledge elaboration in CSCL

The aim of the study is to explore the gender difference in learning achievement and knowledge elaboration process in CSCL. A sample of ninety-six secondary school students, aged 16, participated in the two-week experiment. Students were randomly paired to solve six problems about Newtonian mechanics. Their pre- and post-test performances and online interactions were analyzed. We found that female students' learning performance and knowledge elaboration process were sensitive to their partner gender, but that's not the case for male students. Besides, due to a divergent knowledge elaboration process, mixed-gender dyads run the risk of disadvantaging female students in CSCL.
Under Consideration for Publication in Formal Aspects of Computing an Incremental Development of the Mondex System in Event-b

A development of the Mondex system was undertaken using Event-B and its associated proof tools. An incremental approach was used whereby the refinement between the abstract specification of the system and its detailed design was verified through a series of refinements. The consequence of this incremental approach was that we achieved a very high degree of automatic proof. The essential features of our development are outlined. We also present some modelling and proof guidelines that we found helped us gain a deep understanding of the system and achieve the high degree of automatic proof.
Cut-Free Systems for Restricted Bi-Intuitionistic Logic and Its Connexive Extension

In this paper, a cut-free Gentzen-type sequent calculus RBL for a restricted version of bi-intuitionistic logic is introduced as an alternative to a non-cut-free Gentzen-type sequent calculus BL for bi-intuitionistic logic. RBL is obtained from BL by imposing some restrictions to the implication-right and co-implication-left rules. RBL is a conservative extension of some Gentzen-type sequent calculi for intuitionistic and dual-intuitionistic logics. Syntactic dualities of RBL and its subsystems are also shown. Moreover, a Gentzen-type sequent calculus RBCL for a restricted version of bi-intuitionistic connexive logic, which is regarded as a variant of paraconsistent four-valued logics, is obtained from RBL by adding some initial sequents and logical inference rules for a paraconsistent negation connective. The cut-elimination theorem for RBCL is also proved using a theorem for embedding RBCL into RBL.
The 25 April 2015 Nepal Earthquake and its Aftershocks

The massive M w = 7.8 earthquake which rocked the Nepal Himalaya on 25 April 2015 is the largest to have occurred in this region in the past 81 years. This event occurred by slip on a ~150 km long and 55 km wide, shallow dipping (~5°) segment of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT), causing the Himalaya to lurch southwestward by 4.8 ± 1.2 m over the Indian plate. The main shock ruptured the frictionally locked segment of the MHT, initiating near the locking line and rupturing all the way updip close to its surface expression near the foothills of the Himalaya. The main shock was followed by 41 aftershocks within 26 h, among which a couple were larger than magnitude (M w ) 6.5. These two large aftershocks occurred on fault(s) which had similar orientation as the one that caused the main shock, contributing to strain release along the MHT. The rupture area of the main shock overlaps the meisoseismal zone of the 1833 Nepal earthquake and is immediately to the west of the 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake. This region had accumulated ~3 m of slip in the past 182 years, converging at a rate of ~18 mm/yr. The close match of the accumulated slip with the coseismic slip of the main event confirms that majority of the convergence between India and Tibet is stored as elastic strain energy and is released by brittle failure in earthquakes. This Nepal earthquake has highlighted that other segments of the Himalaya too have significant unrelieved elastic strain and may also rupture in similar or greater earthquakes in the future.
Nonmetric MDS for sensor localization

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) has been recently applied to node localization in sensor networks and gained some very impressive performance. MDS treats dissimilarities of pair-wise nodes directly as Euclidean distances and then makes use of the spectral decomposition of a doubly centered matrix of dissimilarities. However dissimilarities mainly estimated by received signal strength (RSS) or by the time of arrival (TOA) of communication signal from the sender to the receiver used to suffer errors. From this observation, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) based only the rank order of the dissimilarities is proposed in this paper. Different from MDS, NMDS obtain insights into the nature of ldquoperceivedrdquo dissimilarities which makes it more suitable to the problem of sensor localization. The experiment on real sensor network measurements of RSS and TOA shows the efficiency and novelty of NMDS for sensor localization problem in term of sensor location-estimated error.
Pharyngoglottal Closure Reflex: Characterization in Healthy Young, Elderly and Dysphagic Patients with Predeglutitive Aspiration

Background: Mechanism(s) of aspiration, a common complication of oropharyngeal dysphagia, is not completely elucidated. Since the pharyngoglottal closure reflex induces vocal cord adduction in healthy young humans, it may help prevent aspiration during premature spill of oral content. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize this reflex in normal young and elderly humans and dysphagic patients with predeglutitive aspiration; a potential group for developing abnormalities of this reflex. Methods: We used a concurrent video endoscopic and manometric technique for recording of the vocal cords’ response to pharyngeal water stimulation. We first studied 9 young (26 ± 2 years) and 9 elderly (77 ± 14 years) healthy volunteers to characterize and determine the effect of aging on the pharyngoglottal closure reflex. Subsequently, we studied 8 patients (65 ± 16 years) with predeglutitive aspiration and 7 age-matched controls to characterize this reflex among patients with compromised airway safety during swallowing. Results: The threshold volume of water for triggering both glottal closure and reflexive pharyngeal swallow in the elderly volunteers for rapid pulse injection was significantly larger than that for the young (p < 0.05). Neither glottal closure reflex nor pharyngeal reflexive swallow could be induced in any of the dysphagic patients with volumes of injected water as large as 1 ml. In contrast, in all age-matched controls, both the pharyngoglottal reflex and reflexive pharyngeal swallow were stimulated with threshold volumes of 0.3 ± 0.07 and 0.6 ± 0.05 ml, respectively. Conclusions: Pharyngeal stimulation by water induces vocal cord adduction in humans; the pharyngoglottal closure reflex. Although preserved, a significantly larger volume of water is required to stimulate this reflex by rapid pulse injection in the elderly, suggesting some deterioration in this age group. The pharyngoglottal closure reflex induced by rapid pulse injection is absent in dysphagic patients with predeglutitive aspiration, suggesting its contribution to airway protection against aspiration.
Fault equivalence and diagnostic test generation using ATPG

Fault equivalence is an essential concept in digital design with significance in fault diagnosis, diagnostic test generation, testability analysis and logic synthesis. In this paper, an efficient algorithm to check whether two faults are equivalent is presented. If they are not equivalent, the algorithm returns a test vector that distinguishes them. The proposed approach is complete since for every pair of faults it either proves equivalence or it returns a distinguishing vector. This is performed with a simple hardware construction and a sequence of simulation/ATPG-based steps. Experiments on benchmark circuits demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed method.
Spatial Working Memory and the Brainstem Cholinergic Innervation to the Anterior Thalamus

The anteroventral thalamic nucleus (AV) has a role in spatial memory, but the influence of the prominent brainstem cholinergic projection to this region is unknown. Here, spatial memory in a 12-arm radial maze was examined after 0.15 μl bilateral AV infusions of scopolamine. In part one, rats visited six arms singly (the phase 1 arms) and, after a 10 min delay, were allowed free choice to both phase 1 arms and the remaining six baited arms (phase 2 arms). Scopolamine (10 μg) administered during the delay increased errors to both phase 1 and phase 2 arms, whereas PBS infusions increased phase 1 arm errors only. The PBS effect was the result of inserting the internal cannulas alone and not the infusion. The same dose of scopolamine (10 μg) infused before maze testing (part two: no phase 1 arms, no delay) also impaired spatial memory over and above the effects of both PBS and no-infusion, which did not differ markedly. Part two also showed that choice latency and choice strategies were unaffected by PBS and scopolamine. Cannulation and infusion procedures in both parts one and two did not produce any negative carryover effects across multiple control (no internal cannula) sessions, and a trypan blue manipulation indicated that infusions were restricted to the AV region. This study provides the first direct evidence that the brainstem cholinergic innervation to the limbic thalamus influences learning and memory, which may have important implications for human neurological conditions such as alcohol-related disorders and schizophrenia.
Users' participation to the design process in an Open Source Software online community

The objective of this research is to analyse the ways members of open-source software communities participate in design. In particular we focus on how users of an Open Source (OS) programming language (Python) participate in adding new functionalities to the language. Indeed, in the OS communities, users are highly skilled in computer sciences; they do not correspond to the common representation of end-users and can potentially participate to the design process. Our study characterizes the Python galaxy and analyses a formal process to introduce new functionalities to the language called Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) from the idea of language evolution to the PEP implementation. The analysis of a particular pushed-by- users PEP from one application domain community (financial), shows: that the design process is distributed and specialized between online and physical interactions spaces; and there are some cross participants between users and developers communities which may reveal boundary spanners roles.