Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Threat of Living Up to Expectations

The present study examines whether the recognition of stereotypes undermines the academic performance of Hispanic students, a phenomenon known as stereotype threat. With regard to race, stereotype threat has been examined predominately between African American and White students, yet limited research has investigated how Hispanic students respond to negative racial stereotypes. This study utilizes a t test to explore whether the presence of negative racial stereotypes influences the academic performance of Hispanic students on standardized tests. Data from the study suggest that racial stereotypes inside the classroom have a negative influence on the academic performance of Hispanic college students on standardized exams.
Dental Age Assessment for Different Climatic Regions

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of several aspects of climate, such as temperature and altitude, on dental maturation. Materials and MethodsThe total sample consisted of 944 panoramic radiographs (473 Turkish children from Central Anatolia [228 girls and 245 boys] and 471 Turkish children from Eastern Anatolia [222 girls and 249 boys]). The children aged between 7.0 and 14.9 years. The radiographs were randomly selected from 2 cities in Turkey, Kayseri and Erzurum. Independent t tests and paired t tests were performed to compare sex, location, and age to determine the relationships between tooth developments. ResultsThe Central Anatolian children were approximately 0.2 to 3.0 years more advanced in dental maturity than the Eastern Anatolian subjects. ConclusionsThe development standards proposed by Demirjian are affected by climatic factors. However, further research and detailed information to gather data are needed.
Enacting the Internet and Social Media on the Public Sector's Frontline

Recognising their growing role in public services, this article draws on the notion of ‘enactment’ to argue that the internet and social media (I&SM) need to be understood in particular institutional, organisational and social contexts. Focusing on street‐level bureaucrats who deliver frontline services, we explore efforts to integrate I&SM into youth work with clients who are thought to be ‘digitally savvy’ but also in need of protection from the ‘online world’. As clients can be vulnerable and trust is a key relational component, organisation–practitioner–client boundaries are complex and under continuous renegotiation. However, the layering of new virtual channels of interaction adds extra complexity. This change necessitates the development of innovative routines, practices and protocols, but these are being developed in a wider social context where the norms of using social media have not caught up with practice and the use of these tools is still often surrounded by moral panic.
Blood transfusion does not influence the development of malignant tumours.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether blood transfusion given to women during childbirth favours tumour development in later life. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING County hospital, Sweden. SUBJECTS 621 women who were given blood transfusions during childbirth compared with 1216 matched controls who were not given transfusions at the time of delivery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Overall and cancer-specific mortality, cancer morbidity, time interval between transfusion and diagnosis or death from cancer. RESULTS After 21-31 years of follow-up of cancer morbidity and 22-32 years of overall and cancer-specific mortality, we found no significant differences between the groups. There were no differences in time from transfusion to diagnosis of malignant disease, or in time from transfusion to death from cancer. CONCLUSION Blood transfusion given to women during childbirth does not promote malignant tumour development in later life, nor does it increase cancer mortality.
Different Shades of Bias: Skin Tone, Implicit Racial Bias, and Judgments of Ambiguous Evidence

Many commentators and judges have come to accept the changing reality of racial discrimination - discrimination that has largely shifted from overt and intentional to covert and unintentional. Despite this scholarly progress, the dearth of empirical studies testing implicit bias within the legal system is surprising. In an effort to begin filling the empirical research gap, this Article proposes and tests a new hypothesis called Biased Evidence Hypothesis. Biased Evidence Hypothesis posits that when racial stereotypes are activated, jurors automatically and unintentionally evaluate ambiguous trial evidence in racially biased ways. Because racial stereotypes in the legal context often involve stereotypes of African-Americans and other minority group members as aggressive criminals, Biased Evidence Hypothesis, if confirmed, could help explain the continued racial disparities that plague the American criminal justice system.To test Biased Evidence Hypothesis, we designed an empirical study that tested how mock-jurors judge trial evidence. As part of an “evidence slideshow” in an armed robbery case, we showed half of the study participants a security camera photo of a dark-skinned perpetrator and the other half of the participants an otherwise identical photo of a lighter-skinned perpetrator. We then presented participants with evidence from the trial, and asked them to judge how much each piece of evidence tended to indicate whether the defendant was guilty or not guilty. The results of the study supported Biased Evidence Hypothesis and indicated that participants who saw a photo of a dark- skinned perpetrator judged subsequent evidence as more supportive of a guilty verdict compared to participants who saw a photo of a lighter-skinned perpetrator. We consider the results of the empirical study not only as part of a discussion implicit racial bias in the legal system, but also as part of an amplification of the Story Model of decision-making. This model, which provides a step-by-step explanation of how jurors make decisions, has yet to consider the potentially pervasive impact of implicit racial bias in decision-making. Using the Story Model as a guide and considering the study results together with other emerging research on implicit bias, we deconstruct the multitude of ways that implicit racial bias can affect jury decision-making.
Comparing the efficacy of Emu oil with clotrimazole and hydrocortisone in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis: A clinical trial

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common, chronic inflammatory disease. Inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress are thought to be effective in the pathogenesis of SD. Based on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of emu oil, this study was designed to evaluate effects of emu oil on patients suffering from SD, and to compare it with routine treatments of SD with topical steroids and antifungal agents. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on126 patients who were randomly allocated to 2 groups: 62 in the clotrimazole vs. emu oil (group-1) and 64 in the hydrocortisone vs. emu oil (group-2). The right side of the face in both groups was treated with topical emu oil. The left side was treated with topical clotrimazole in the first group and with topical hydrocortisone in the second group. One month after the treatment, pre and post treatment symptom severity scores of pruritus, erythema and scales were compared. Results: All 3 medications significantly improved pruritus, erythema and scales (P < 0. 01). However, topical clotrimazole and hydrocortisone were significantly more effective than emu oil in improving scales (P < 0.01), and hydrocortisone was significantly more effective than emu oil in reducing pruritus (P < 0. 01). Comparing with topical clotrimazole, emu oil resulted in significantly more improvement of erythema (p:0.01). Conclusion: Emu oil is a potentially useful agent that significantly improves itching, erythema and scales associated with SD; however, it was less effective than hydrocortisone and clotrimazole which are routinely prescribed to treat SD.
COMBINATORIAL DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS AND A REFINEMENT OF A THEOREM ON SEPARATED VARIABLES EQUATIONS

We look at Diophantine equations arising from equating classical counting functions such as perfect powers, binomial coefficients and Stirling numbers of the first and second kind. The proofs of the finiteness statements that we give use a variety of methods from modern number theory, such as effective and ineffective tools from Diophantine approximation. As a tool for one part of the statements we establish a theoretical result that gives a more precise description on the structure of the solution set in the theorem, due to Bilu and Tichy, on Diophantine equations with separate variables in the case when infinitely many solutions exist.
Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of Two Rice Flavonoid 3’-Hydroxylase to Evaluate Their Roles in Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Rice Grain

Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, the major flavonoids in black and red rice grains, respectively, are mainly derived from 3′,4′-dihydroxylated leucocyanidin. 3′-Hydroxylation of flavonoids in rice is catalyzed by flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H: EC 1.14.13.21). We isolated cDNA clones of the two rice F3′H genes (CYP75B3 and CYP75B4) from Korean varieties of white, black, and red rice. Sequence analysis revealed allelic variants of each gene containing one or two amino acid substitutions. Heterologous expression in yeast demonstrated that CYP75B3 preferred kaempferol to other substrates, and had a low preference for dihydrokaempferol. CYP75B4 exhibited a higher preference for apigenin than for other substrates. CYP75B3 from black rice showed an approximately two-fold increase in catalytic efficiencies for naringenin and dihydrokaempferol compared to CYP75B3s from white and red rice. The F3′H activity of CYP75B3 was much higher than that of CYP75B4. Gene expression analysis showed that CYP75B3, CYP75B4, and most other flavonoid pathway genes were predominantly expressed in the developing seeds of black rice, but not in those of white and red rice, which is consistent with the pigmentation patterns of the seeds. The expression levels of CYP75B4 were relatively higher than those of CYP75B3 in the developing seeds, leaves, and roots of white rice.
A developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years is associated with increased schizotypal personality at age 23 years

Abstract Although allostatic load has been investigated in mood and anxiety disorders, no prior study has investigated developmental change in allostatic load as a precursor to schizotypal personality. This study employed a multilevel developmental framework to examine whether the development of increased allostatic load, as indicated by impaired sympathetic nervous system habituation from ages 3 to 11 years, predisposes to schizotypal personality at age 23 years. Electrodermal activity to six aversive tones was recorded in 995 subjects at age 3 years and again at 11 years. Habituation slopes at both ages were used to create groups who showed a developmental increase in habituation (decreased allostatic load), and those who showed a developmental decrease in habituation (increased allostatic load). Children who showed a developmental increase in allostatic load from ages 3 to 11 years had higher levels of schizotypal personality at 23 years. A breakdown of total schizotypy scores demonstrated specificity of findings to cognitive–perceptual features of schizotypy. Findings are the first to document a developmental abnormality in allostasis in relation to adult schizotypal personality. The relative failure to develop normal habituation to repeated stressors throughout childhood is hypothesized to result in an accumulation of allostatic load and consequently increased positive symptom schizotypy in adulthood.
Lexical and Semantic Binding Effects in Short-term Memory: Evidence from Semantic Dementia

Two case studies are presented of the short-term memory performance of patients with semantic dementia. The first case showed a pervasive pattern of semantic effects in his auditory verbal short-term memory performance, in particular a marked superiority in serial recall for sequences of ''know n" words over ''unknown" w ords- words w hich he no longer comprehended. His performance in serial recall tasks was characterised by abundant phonemic errors, which occurred w ith a frequency show n to be related to semantic factors. These errors were often migrations of phonemes from one word in the list to another, suggesting that impaired semantic processing reduces the ''glue" or ''binding" that helps to maintain a structured sequence of phonemes in short-term memory. The second patient also showed some semantic effects in serial recall, and a significant but less marked pattern of phonological errors. The differing performance of the two patients is interpreted w ithin an interactive activation model of word p.
Inside the Social Network's (Datacenter) Network

Large cloud service providers have invested in increasingly larger datacenters to house the computing infrastructure required to support their services. Accordingly, researchers and industry practitioners alike have focused a great deal of effort designing network fabrics to efficiently interconnect and manage the traffic within these datacenters in performant yet efficient fashions. Unfortunately, datacenter operators are generally reticent to share the actual requirements of their applications, making it challenging to evaluate the practicality of any particular design. Moreover, the limited large-scale workload information available in the literature has, for better or worse, heretofore largely been provided by a single datacenter operator whose use cases may not be widespread. In this work, we report upon the network traffic observed in some of Facebook's datacenters. While Facebook operates a number of traditional datacenter services like Hadoop, its core Web service and supporting cache infrastructure exhibit a number of behaviors that contrast with those reported in the literature. We report on the contrasting locality, stability, and predictability of network traffic in Facebook's datacenters, and comment on their implications for network architecture, traffic engineering, and switch design.
A Study of Discourse Marker in Prem Chand's "Kafan"

In this paper, I try to interpret Premchandra's short story "Kafan" from a pragmatic point of view, specifically by applying the notion of "Implicature". The objective of my study is to show that, the chosen approach will be helpful to untangle the complex density of any literary text. The important feature of my paper is that I will not take any help from literary criticism. This paper also deals with the importance of discourse markers, that how they amplify and intensify the given content. I wish this paper will give us a new approach to explore any literary text. It is argued that the 'fresh' reader, who has no previous knowledge of the characteristics either of the text or of the author, can perfectly achieve a good understanding of the literary discourse through this kind of pragmatic approach.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human periodontal tissues: comparison of healthy and diabetic patients.

BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability, but information about its role in periodontal lesions is limited. The aim of this study is to determine the association between VEGF expression in healthy and periodontally diseased tissues of healthy and diabetic patients. METHODS Ten systemically healthy and 10 Type 2 diabetic patients (DM) all diagnosed with periodontitis were enrolled into the study. Gingival samples were collected from both periodontal and healthy sites in all patients. Each patient served as his/her own control. Additionally, 10 people without any systemic or periodontal diseases were enrolled as a negative control group. RESULTS In the negative control group tissue samples, no VEGF expression was observed. Among the 10 systemically healthy people, no evidence of VEGF was observed in healthy gingival samples, but was found in diseased tissues in 2 cases. In the diabetic patients, VEGF was observed in 4 healthy gingival tissues and in 6 periodontal sites. VEGF was intensely present in monocytes and macrophages. CONCLUSION The results of this study show that VEGF is increased in gingival tissues of diabetic patients, especially those with periodontal disease.
A 4.9-GHz low power, low jitter, LC phase locked loop

This paper presents a low power, low jitter LC phase locked loop (PLL) which has been designed and fabricated in a commercial 0.25-μm Silicon-on-Sapphire CMOS technology. Random jitter and deterministic jitter of the PLL are 1.3 ps and 7.5 ps, respectively. The measured tuning range, from 4.6 to 5.0 GHz, is narrower than the expected one, from 3.8 to 5.0 GHz. The narrow tuning range issue has been investigated and traced to the first stage of the divider chain. The power consumption at the central frequency is 111 mW.
Determination of 2´-5´-Oligoadenylate Synthetase in Serum and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells before and after Subcutaneous Application of Recombinant Interferon beta and gamma

The interferon-inducible enzyme, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, was estimated in healthy donors and in patients before and after subcutaneous application of recombinant interferon beta and gamma. Tests were carried out with lysates of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, using an established radioenzymatic assay, and in serum samples, using a new radioimmunoassay. Both test systems substantially yielded the same results: after a single injection of interferon beta (1-5 x 10(6) IU), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase increased in a dose-dependent manner reaching maximal catalytic concentrations in most patients after 24-48 hours (leukocytes) and 48-72 hours (serum). In contrast, interferon gamma (2-4 x 10(6) IU) caused only a small induction of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase. However, daily application of interferon gamma for 7 days led to a distinct time-dependent increase of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity concentration during this observation period. Characteristically, even during daily application, the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity concentration dropped just 48-72 hours after the first injection of interferon beta. The determination of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase proved to be useful for optimizing and monitoring subcutaneous therapy with interferon. The new radioimmunoassay which allows the determination of this enzyme in serum is superior to other methods used in the past.
Websites in the Recruitment Context: A Conceptual Model

Recruiters are increasingly turning to the Web in order to compete in the "war for talent". This paper develops a conceptual framework comprising antecedents of websites' attractiveness and its influence on application behavior. We show the contribution aesthetics, content, navigation, interactivity and data security make to the attractiveness of a website. Furthermore, we state that employer knowledge serves as a partial mediator between a website's attractiveness and the application tendency. Employer knowledge, on the other hand, is directly influenced by the aesthetics and the content of the webpage.
Insight and Perceived Expressed Emotion among Adult Outpatients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Objective. To elucidate the relationships between insight and perceived expressed emotion (EE) in a sample of adult outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods. The study involved 75 subjects with OCD. Subjects were assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), with the score on item 11 used as a measure of insight level. Perceived EE was evaluated using the Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale (FEICS). The Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Results. Poor or absent insight was found to be associated with higher perceived EE and significantly higher OCD severity, as well higher familial perceived criticism and more compulsions and depressive symptoms.
‘Donors are not interested in reality’: the interplay between international donors and local NGOs in Kyrgyzstan's HIV/AIDS sector

This article explores the interplay between international donors and local NGOs in Kyrgyzstan's HIV/AIDS sector. It argues that donors have transposed ready-made policies without sufficient consideration of the local context and that NGOs have responded strategically, adapting their proposals and reports to the expectations of donors. This complex interplay has resulted in unintended consequences that have undermined an effective response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. It has given rise to ‘virtual realities’ detached from developments on the ground. The funding system has also led to corruption and misappropriation of funds and the failure of NGOs to become sustainable. Largely bypassing the state in the allocation of funds, international donors have also undermined an already weak state.
DeeperBind: Enhancing Prediction of Sequence Specificities of DNA Binding Proteins

Transcription factors (TFs) are macromolecules that bind to cis-regulatory specific sub-regions of DNA promoters and initiate transcription. Finding the exact location of these binding sites (aka motifs) is important in a variety of domains such as drug design and development. To address this need, several in vivo and in vitro techniques have been developed so far that try to characterize and predict the binding specificity of a protein to different DNA loci. The major problem with these techniques is that they are not accurate enough in prediction of the binding affinity and characterization of the corresponding motifs. As a result, downstream analysis is required to uncover the locations where proteins of interest bind. Here, we propose DeeperBind, a long short term recurrent convolutional network for prediction of protein binding specificities with respect to DNA probes. DeeperBind can model the positional dynamics of probe sequences and hence reckons with the contributions made by individual sub-regions in DNA sequences, in an effective way. Moreover, it can be trained and tested on datasets containing varying-length sequences. We apply our pipeline to the datasets derived from protein binding microarrays (PBMs), an in-vitro high-throughput technology for quantification of protein-DNA binding preferences, and present promising results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most accurate pipeline that can predict binding specificities of DNA sequences from the data produced by high-throughput technologies through utilization of the power of deep learning for feature generation and positional dynamics modeling.
Modeling the Antihero Narrative Enjoyment Process

Over the past decade, entertainment scholars have extended affective disposition theory beyond traditional hero narratives to better understand the enjoyment of antihero narratives. This study builds upon and unifies this work through the development of a generalized model of the antihero narrative enjoyment process. Participants (n = 234) viewed 1 of the 3 feature-length antihero films. The findings revealed a consistent enjoyment model that highlights the role of the individual-difference variable willingness to accept violence as a predictor of situational moral disengagement, leading to character identification and liking, which in turn predicted enjoyment. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that identification seems to be the process through which we build dispositions toward an antihero character, rather than moral judgments, extending previous research on the role of identification for antihero enjoyment.