Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Individual Factors Associated with Critical Incidents in a Secure Psychiatric Setting: A Preliminary Study

This study explored individual factors associated with critical incidents that required professional intervention. Critical incidents were defined as holding someone against their will (i.e., hostage-taking), rooftop demonstrations and isolating oneself from others (i.e., barricades). Participants were from a high secure psychiatric hospital. All had a known history of having engaged in critical incidents. They were compared with a matched sample from the same hospital with no such history. Thirty-four patients were recruited, 16 in the study group and 18 in the comparison group. Extraversion, agreeableness and an impulsive/careless problem-solving style were noted in those who perpetrated critical incidents. Personality and problem solving were variables distinguishing the perpetrators of critical incidents. Future research exploring in more detail the individual factors associated with involvement in critical incidents is suggested.
Epidemiology and outcomes in community-acquired versus hospital-acquired AKI.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Compared with AKI in hospitalized patients, little is known about patients sustaining AKI in the community and how this differs from AKI in hospital. This study compared epidemiology, risk factors, and short- and long-term outcomes for patients with community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA) AKI. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A total of 15,976 patients admitted to two district general hospitals between July 11, 2011, and January 15, 2012 were studied. Through use of an electronic database and the AKI Network classification, 686 patients with CA-AKI and 334 patients with HA-AKI were identified. Patients were followed up for 14 months, and data were collated on short-term and long-term renal and patient outcomes. RESULTS The incidence of CA-AKI among all hospital admissions was 4.3% compared with an incidence of 2.1% of HA-AKI, giving an overall AKI incidence of 6.4%. Patients with CA-AKI were younger than patients with HA-AKI. Risks for developing HA and CA-AKI were similar and included preexisting CKD, cardiac failure, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, dementia, and cancer. Patients with CA-AKI were more likely to have stage 3 AKI and had shorter lengths of hospital stay than patients with HA-AKI. Those with CA-AKI had better (multivariate-adjusted) survival than patients with HA-AKI (hazard ratio, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.44-2.13; P<0.001] for HA-AKI group). Mortality for the CA-AKI group was 45%; 43.7% of these deaths were acute in-hospital deaths. Mortality for the HA-AKI group was 62.9%, with 68.1% of these deaths being acute in-hospital deaths. Renal referral rates were low across the cohorts (8.3%). Renal outcomes were similar in both CA-AKI and HA-AKI groups, with 39.4% and 33.6% of patients in both groups developing de novo CKD or progression of preexisting CKD within 14 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Patients with CA-AKI sustain more severe AKI than patients with HA-AKI. Despite having risk factors similar to those of patients with HA-AKI, patients with CA AKI have better short- and long-term outcomes.
What makes employees resilient to job demands? The role of core self-evaluations in the relationship between job demands and strain reactions

Contemporary theory claims that job demands will not lead to negative strain reactions when job related resources are in place as a buffer. In the present article this idea is extended by focusing on person-related resources that are not inherently related to the job, namely core self-evaluations (CSE). This general trait represents an individual’s evaluation of self-worth and functioning, and is composed of four accepted personality traits, namely self-esteem, locus of control, general self-efficacy, and emotional stability. The present article tested the idea that CSE functions as a person-related resource and acts as a buffer between job demands and strain reactions. In two studies with samples from separate organizations it was shown that CSE moderated the relationship of job demands (emotional job demands, work load, and shift work) with psychological distress. Results indicate that CSE functions as a personal resource and acts as a buffer between job demands and strain reactions. It is discussed how these results add to contemporary stress models.
Associations Between Quantitative and Qualitative Job Insecurity and Well-Being

Most studies on the relationship between job insecurity and well-being have focused on the effects of employees' overall concerns about the continued existence of the job as such (quantitative job insecurity). Comparatively little research has examined perceived threats to valued job features (qualitative job insecurity). The overall aim of this study was to investigate the relative strength of associations of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity with job-related (job satisfaction and burnout) and general (psychological distress and psychosomatic complaints) well-being, and health-related behavior (absenteeism and medical consultation). Controlling for sociodemographics, negative affectivity, and job characteristics, these relationships were tested in a sample of 7,146 Belgian employees in the banking sector. The results suggest that both quantitative and qualitative job insecurity are important stressors.
Robust online matrix completion on graphs

We study online robust matrix completion on graphs. At each iteration a vector with some entries missing is revealed and our goal is to reconstruct it by identifying the underlying low-dimensional subspace from which the vectors are drawn. We assume there is an underlying graph structure to the data, that is, the components of each vector correspond to nodes of a certain known and fixed graph, and their values are related accordingly. We propose an algorithm that exploits the graph to reconstruct the incomplete data, in the scenario where there is outlier noise. The theoretical properties of the algorithms are studied and numerical experiments using both synthetic and real world datasets verify the improved performance of the proposed technique compared to other state of the art algorithms.
Style-Based Re(cid:12)nement for Software Architecture

A question that frequently arises for architectural design is \When can I implement a design in style S1 using a design in style S2? " In this paper I propose a technique for structuring a solution to this kind of problem using the idea of sub-styles. This technique leads to a two-step process in which (cid:12)rst, useful subsets of a family of architectures are identi-(cid:12)ed, and second, re(cid:12)nement rules speci(cid:12)c to these subsets are established. I will argue that this technique, in combination with an unconventional interpretation of re(cid:12)nement, clari(cid:12)es how engineers actually carry out architectural re-(cid:12)nement and provides a formal framework for establishing the correctness of those methods.
Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluations of Fluorescent or 149Promethium Labeled Trastuzumab-Polyethylenimine

Background: Radioimmunotherapy utilize a targeting antibody coupled to a therapeutic isotope to target and treat a tumor or disease. In this study we examine the synthesis and cell binding of a polymer scaffold containing a radiotherapeutic isotope and a targeting antibody. Methods: The multistep synthesis of a fluorescent or 149Promethium-labeled Trastuzumab-polyethyleneimine (PEI), Trastuzumab, or PEI is described. In vitro uptake, internalization and/or the binding affinity to the Her2/neu expressing human breast adenocarcinoma SKBr3 cells was investigated with the labeled compounds. Results: Fluorescent-labeled Trastuzumab-PEI was internalized more into cells at 2 and 18 h than fluorescent-labeled Trastuzumab or PEI. The fluorescent-labeled Trastuzumab was concentrated on the cell surface at 2 and 18 h and the labeled PEI had minimal uptake. DOTA-PEI was prepared and contained an average of 16 chelates per PEI; the compound was radio-labeled with 149Promethium and conjugated to Trastuzumab. The purified 149Pm-DOTA-PEI-Trastuzumab had a radiochemical purity of 96.7% and a specific activity of 0.118 TBq/g. The compound demonstrated a dissociation constant for the Her2/neu receptor of 20.30 ± 6.91 nM. Conclusion: The results indicate the DOTA-PEI-Trastuzumab compound has potential as a targeted therapeutic carrier, and future in vivo studies should be performed.
Value-Added from Space ?

Satellite-detected luminosity is sometimes used to proxy for economic activity although only recently within the mainstream economics literature (Henderson et al., 2012). If this method works it holds great promise for developing countries with weak statistical systems that face difficulties in consistently measuring long-term economic change. Regardless of how chaotic are statistical efforts on the ground, viewed from space it may be possible to detect economic change, with high frequency and for small areas. But doubts remain about how much trust can be put in night lights data as a proxy for economic growth. To see if data from space add value to conventional economic data we examine the relationship between luminosity and real gross regional product in Indonesia from 1993-2010. Our results suggest that light’s growth is a reasonable predictor of income growth even at sub-national levels for Indonesia, suggesting that luminosity data can add value, even for a country with a relatively good statistical capacity like Indonesia.
Singaporean and Australian Students' Understanding of Vision

Abstract A model for the development of an understanding of how people see has been proposed on the basis of a questionnaire and interview study of a cross-section of Australian school students. The model, based on the SOLO model of cognitive development (Collis & Biggs, 1991), involves the building of connections between the eye, light and the object seen in the Ikonic and Concrete Symbolic modes of cognitive functioning. In order to assess the viability of the model across cultures, the questionnaire was administered to 116 primary and secondary school students in Singapore. This paper reports some details of how the model was supported in its most important respects. The few discrepancies might be explained in terms of environmental, linguistic and/or teaching factors.
Design, fabrication and characterization of capacitive RF MEMS switches with low pull-in voltage

The dielectric charging caused by high actuation voltages is one of the reasons behind the poor reliability of capacitive MEMS switches. This paper reports the design, fabrication and characterization of an RF MEMS switch with a very low-actuation voltage and high isolation. The device is fabricated on a glass substrate using a four mask surface micromachining process. The electromechanical characterization reveals a very low pull-in voltage of 4.8 V for the fabricated device. The RF measurement results show an insertion loss of 0.55 dB and an isolation of -47.6 dB at 40 GHz. The excellent RF performance makes these switches a suitable choice for very high frequency (K-band and above) applications.
Novelty-Experiencing, Internal Scanning, and Cognitive Control

This study examined whether novelty-seeking is related to individual differences in verbal behavior and information processing. Assessment was made of self-reported preferences for kinds (cognitions, sensations) and sources (internal, external) of varied stimulation, internal scanning (defined in terms of the availability of alternate word meanings), and interference proneness (Stroop Color-Word Test). It was hypothesized that internal-cognitizers would do more internal scanning and that external-sensation seekers would be more interference prone. Relationships were in the predicted direction but they were nonsignificant. The results suggest a need for understanding the relationship between self-reported preference for novelty and manifestations of novelty-production in behavior.
The Structure of Human Cytochrome P450 2C9 Complexed with Flurbiprofen at 2.0-Å Resolution*

The structure of human P450 2C9 complexed with flurbiprofen was determined to 2.0 Å by x-ray crystallography. In contrast to other structurally characterized P450 2C enzymes, 2C5, 2C8, and a 2C9 chimera, the native catalytic domain of P450 2C9 differs significantly in the conformation of the helix F to helix G region and exhibits an extra turn at the N terminus of helix A. In addition, a distinct conformation of the helix B to helix C region allows Arg-108 to hydrogen bond with Asp-293 and Asn-289 on helix I and to interact directly with the carboxylate of flurbiprofen. These interactions position the substrate for regioselective oxidation in a relatively large active site cavity and are likely to account for the high catalytic efficiency exhibited by P450 2C9 for the regioselective oxidation of several anionic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The structure provides a basis for interpretation of a number of observations regarding the substrate selectivity of P450 2C9 and the observed effects of mutations on catalysis.
A theory of role strain.

levels, for example, the conditions of small experimental groups as a subtype of social system. Only in so far as codification reveals uniformities in the cognate features of many different types of operationally studied system do the more general theorems have a prospect of approaching rigorous empirical verification. This specification should not be assumed to be capable of being carried out by simple "common sense;" it requires careful technical analysis through a series of concatenated steps. I believe, however, that the theory of action in its present state provides methods for successfully carrying out this specification, and conversely, generalization as well from lower-level uniformities to higher levels. Perhaps the most important key to this possibility is the conception of all systems of action as systematically articulated with others along system-subsystem lines. The basic system types designated here as organisms, personalities, social systems, and cultural systems must be regarded as subsystems of the general category of action system. Each of these in turn is differentiated into further subsystems at different levels of elaboration. Any subsystem is articulated with other subsystems by definable categories of input-output interchange, the processes, in sufficiently highly differentiated subsystems, being mediated by symbolictype mechanisms such as those discussed above. In many respects, this possibility of dealing with multiple system references and of ke ping straight the distinctions and articulations between them, has turned out to be the greatest enrichment of theoretical analysis developed from Dubin's "Model II. " A "flat" conception of a single system reference which must be accepted or rejected on an all-or-none basis for the analysis of complex empirical problems, cannot possibly do justice to the formidable difficulties in the study of human action.
Genotypes in matrix metalloproteinase 9 are a risk factor for COPD

A growing body of evidence indicates that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Therefore, we conducted a candidate gene association study of 4 promoter polymorphisms that are known to modify expression levels of the MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 genes and a Gln279Arg polymorphism in exon 6 of MMP-9 that modifies the substrate-binding region. We examined the association of each variant and haplotypes in 385 male veterans with greater than 20 pack-years of cigarette smoking whose COPD status was characterized using spirometry. The association of these polymorphisms was also examined with decline of pulmonary function in a subset of participants. Only the 279Arg variant was more common in participants with COPD and the homozygous variant was associated with a 3-fold increased risk for COPD. In the haplotype analysis, the haplotype comprising the 249Arg and the CA promoter polymorphism within the MMP-9 gene was associated with risk, suggesting that either 279Arg or a linked variant on this haplotype underlies the association. No association of this polymorphism was found with decline in pulmonary function. These studies show that variants of the MMP-9 gene are associated with COPD in this cohort of veterans.
Functions and sources of perceived social support among children affected by HIV/AIDS in China

Abstract While the relationship between perceived social support (PSS) and psychosocial well-being has been well documented in the global literature, existing studies also suggest the existence of multiple domains in definition and measurement of PSS. The current study, utilizing data from 1299 rural children affected by HIV/AIDS in central China, examines the relative importance of PSS functional measures (informational/emotional, material/tangible, affectionate, and social interaction) and PSS structural measures (family/relatives, teachers, friends, and significant others) in predicting psychosocial outcomes including internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and educational resilience. Both functional and structural measures of PSS provided reliable measures of related but unique aspects of PSS. The findings of the current study confirmed the previous results that PSS is highly correlated with children's psychosocial well-being and such correlations vary by functions and sources of the PSS as well as different psychosocial outcomes. The findings in the current study suggested the roles of specific social support functions or resources may need to be assessed in relation to specific psychosocial outcome and the context of children's lives. The strong association between PSS and psychosocial outcomes underscores the importance of adequate social support to alleviate stressful life events and improve psychosocial well-being of children affected by HIV/AIDS. Meanwhile, the study findings call for gender and developmentally appropriate and situation-specific social support for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS.
Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib for active rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to methotrexate or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background/Aims The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib (5 and 10 mg twice daily) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in patients with active RA was performed using the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register databases as well as manual searches. Results Five RCTs, including three phase-II and two phase-III trials involving 1,590 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The three phase-II RCTs included 452 patients with RA (144 patients randomized to 5 mg of tofacitinib twice daily, 156 patients randomized to 10 mg of tofacitinib twice daily, and 152 patients randomized to placebo) who were included in this meta-analysis. The American College of Rheumatology 20% response rate was significantly higher in the tofacitinib 5- and 10-mg groups than in the control group (relative risk [RR], 2.445; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.229 to 4.861; p = 0.011; and RR, 2.597; 95% CI, 1.514 to 4.455; p = 0.001, respectively). The safety outcomes did not differ between the tofacitinib 5- and 10-mg groups and placebo groups with the exception of infection in the tofacitinib 10-mg group (RR, 2.133; 95% CI, 1.268 to 3.590; p = 0.004). The results of two phase-III trials (1,123 patients) confirmed the findings in the phase-II studies. Conclusions Tofacitinib at dosages of 5 and 10 mg twice daily was found to be effective in patients with active RA that inadequately responded to methotrexate or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and showed a manageable safety profile.
A literature review on Smart Cities: Paradigms, opportunities and open problems

During the last years, both academicians and professional researchers attribute an interest to the future of cities. They conclude that the technological leap will influence the both architecture and infrastructure, which will give birth to the smart cities vision. This essay aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the movement towards smartness by providing a study on divers smart city definitions which depend on geographical, environmental, economical and social constraints of each city, next to presenting dimensions that let smart city a 3D concept and highlighting some smart city Models. It gives an overview of smart city characteristics: Smart Economy, Smart Environment, Smart Governance, Smart Mobility, Smart Living and Smart Human Level and shows some big pictures of the components of each paradigm and how they been illustrated. People usually moves to cities in order to fulfil their needs in job, relationships tpand enjoy the modern life, the urbanization phenomenon, climate change and resources depletion took place and addressed a significant number of Smart cities challenges were appeared in urban areas. However, thanks to ICT, Smart City provides opportunities for people to create, invent, test and experience new things in order to optimize their quality of life.
Social and Political Effects of State-led Repression : The Chilean Case

In this paper I study the micro-level impact of state-led repression for the case of the Chilean military dictatorship (1973-1990) on individual political and social participation, preferences and behavior. I collected a unique micro dataset in Chile in 2012 where I surveyed subjects who experienced repression and built a matching group of subjects with very similar socio-economic characteristics that did not experience repression. Since there is a clear selection into the repressed group, I use a difference in differences strategy where I compare the outcome of the repressed relative to the non-repressed before and after repression took place. I also estimate this model using individual fixed effects. I find several robust results: first, there is a general de-politicization of the sample since I find that in 2012 both sets of people, repressed and non-repressed are less interested in politics compared to 1973; second, there is no significant change in the political orientation on a left-right scale of either group; third, that as a consequence of repression the participation of the repressed in political parties and unions fell relative to the non-repressed. The repressed also reduced their reliance on newspapers as a source of information. Lastly, the repressed increased their participation in human rights organizations. ∗I would like to thank to the subjects who participated in the survey since their struggle is the essence of my research. To Gonzálo Tapia, and the EKHOS team: Magdalena Álvarez, Felipe Zúñiga, Carolina Rojas, Nice Romero, Pabla Nieto and Marion Veneros. To Francisco Gallego, who guided me in every step. To Wally Kuntsman for welcoming me in her own projects. To my advisors Melani Cammett, Pauline Jones Luong and Rebecca Weitz-Shapiro for their constant support. To Guillermo Cruces for his comments and enthusiasm. To Frederico Finan, Claudio Ferraz and Nathan Nunn for their comments. To Anna GrzymalaBusse for guidance to the Eastern European literature. To Pablo Querub́ın for being unconditional. To James A. Robinson.