Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subcellular Redistribution of m2 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Striatal Interneurons In Vivo after Acute Cholinergic Stimulation

The purpose of our work was to investigate how the cholinergic environment influences the targeting and the intracellular trafficking of the muscarinic receptor m2 (m2R) in vivo. To address this question, we have used immunohistochemical approaches at light and electron microscopic levels to detect the m2R in control rats and rats treated with muscarinic receptor agonists. In control animals, m2Rs were located mostly at postsynaptic sites at the plasma membrane of perikarya and dendrites of cholinergic and NPY–somatostatin interneurons as autoreceptors and heteroreceptors, respectively. Presynaptic receptors were also detected in boutons. The m2Rs were usually detected at extrasynaptic sites, but they could be found rarely in association with symmetrical synapses, suggesting that the cholinergic transmission mediated by m2R occurs via synaptic and nonsynaptic mechanisms. The stimulation of muscarinic receptors with oxotremorine provoked a dramatic alteration of m2R compartmentalization, including endocytosis with a decrease of the density of m2R at the membrane (−63%) and an increase of those associated with endosomes (+86%) in perikarya. The very strong increase of m2R associated with multivesicular bodies (+732%) suggests that oxotremorine activated degradation. The slight increase in the Golgi apparatus (+26%) suggests that the m2R stimulation had an effect on the maturation of m2R. The substance P receptor located at the membrane of the same neurons was unaffected by oxotremorine. Our data demonstrate that cholinergic stimulation dramatically influences the subcellular distribution of m2R in striatal interneuronsin vivo. These events may have key roles in controlling abundance and availability of muscarinic receptors via regulation of receptor endocytosis, degradation, and/or neosynthesis. Further, the control of muscarinic receptor trafficking may influence the activity of striatal interneurons, including neurotransmitter release and/or electric activity.
Unrelated Parallel Machines Scheduling with Resource-Assignable Sequence Dependent Setup Times

Setup operations on machines usually need of tooling and/or personnel to be carried out. Therefore, the length of the setup might not only depend on the machine and job sequence, but also on the number of resources assigned. This situation is common in real problems arising in several industries where setup operations in production lines are frequent. These operations are indeed setups whose length can be reduced or extended according to the number of resources assigned to them. We deal with an unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with a linear combination of total completion time and the total number of resources assigned as an objective. We present a MIP model and some fast dispatching heuristics. We carry out computational experiments to study what characteristics of the problem affect the MIP model performance and to the effectiveness the different heuristics proposed.
Swine Leukocyte Antigen-DQA Gene Variation and Its Association with Piglet Diarrhea in Large White, Landrace and Duroc

The swine leukocyte antigen class II molecules are possibly associated with the induction of protective immunity. The study described here was to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in exon 2 of the swine DQA gene and piglet diarrhea. This study was carried out on 425 suckling piglets from three purebred pig strains (Large White, Landrace and Duroc). The genetic diversity of exon 2 in swine DQA was detected by PCR-SSCP and sequencing analysis, eight unique SSCP patterns (AB, BB, BC, CC, CD, BD, BE and DD) representing five specific allele (A to E) sequences were detected. Sequence analysis revealed 21 nucleotide variable sites and resulting in 12 amino acid substitutions in the populations. A moderate level polymorphism and significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotypes distribution were observed in the populations (p<0.01). The association analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the score of piglet diarrhea between different genotypes, individuals with genotype CC showed a lower diarrhea score than genotypes AB (0.98±0.09), BB (0.85±0.77) and BC (1.25±0.23) (p<0.05), and significantly low than genotype BE (1.19±0.19) (p<0.01), CC genotype may be a most resistance genotype for piglet diarrhea.
Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs - an Update and Perspectives

Abstract Myxomatous mitral valve disease is a common cause of congestive heart failure in geriatric dogs. Many studies have been done in terms of epidemiology, pathology, associated neurohormonal changes in the disease progression, prognostic factors, and survival and treatment modalities. The presented paper presents a review of some of the studies in the mitral valve disease story.
Model-Based Analysis of Wireless System Architectures for Real-Time Applications

We propose a model-based description and analysis framework for the design of wireless system architectures. Its aim is to address the shortcomings of existing approaches to system verification and the tracking of anomalies in safety-critical wireless systems. We use Architecture Analysis and Description Language (AADL) to describe an analysis-oriented architecture model with highly modular components. We also develop the cooperative tool chains required to analyze the performance of a wireless system by simulation. We show how this framework can support a detailed and largely automated analysis of a complicated, networked wireless system using examples from wireless healthcare and video broadcasting.
An Opportunity Spectrum Access for Multiuser with Randomized POMDP Framework

In this paper, an Opportunity Spectrum Access (OSA) strategy for multiuser was proposed. Assuming each CR user only can sense one channel at a time due to hardware restraints. And they only can sense one time during a slot time. The idle probability of each channel is predicted by the POMDP framework. If all CR users use the same OSA strategy with deterministic POMDP framework, collision will happen. Here, we present a new OSA strategy with randomized POMDP framework. It targets at maximizing the throughput of the entire cognitive radio network. The OSA also consider the service orders of the CR users and the CR user with high service order will have more chance to access the idle channels. We can see from the simulation results that the OSA with randomized POMDP framework can work for multiuser and work more efficiently than OSA with deterministic POMDP framework only for single user.
Characterization of Vascular Adhesion Molecules that may Facilitate Progenitor Homing in the Post-natal Mouse Thymus

T cell progenitors derive from the bone marrow but must migrate via bloodstream to the thymus in order to differentiate. The mechanism by which the thymus recruits progenitors from the blood is unknown. It is known, however, that there are receptive and refractory periods for progenitor recruitment and that when cells are imported, they enter the thymus through post-capillary venules. Therefore, recruitment is an active process temporally and spatially regulated. In order to characterize the mechanism of recruitment, we evaluated vascular signals known to regulate leukocyte extravasation, with respect to their intrathymic location and temporal fluctuations. We find that CD34, MECA79, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and VAP-1 are all expressed in thymic blood vessels. MECA79 and VAP-1 appear to be specific for post-capillary venules, while ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are also found on intrathymic stromal cells. MAdCAM is also expressed in the thymus, but is not associated with vascular tissues. Only MECA79 is upregulated during recruitment peaks, suggesting a role for this molecule in the periodicity of recruitment. Together, these studies reveal potential roles for l-selectin ligands, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and VAP-1 in progenitor recruitment to the thymus, and implicate the presence of other periodic signals, such as chemokines and cytokines, that cooperate to execute this essential function.
Pre-Hospital Risk Factors for Inpatient Death from Severe Febrile Illness in Malian Children

Background Inpatient case fatality from severe malaria remains high in much of sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of these deaths occur within 24 hours of admission, suggesting that pre-hospital management may have an impact on the risk of case fatality. Methods Prospective cohort study, including questionnaire about pre-hospital treatment, of all 437 patients admitted with severe febrile illness (presumed to be severe malaria) to the paediatric ward in Sikasso Regional Hospital, Mali, in a two-month period. Findings The case fatality rate was 17.4%. Coma, hypoglycaemia and respiratory distress at admission were associated with significantly higher mortality. In multiple logistic regression models and in a survival analysis to examine pre-admission risk factors for case fatality, the only consistent and significant risk factor was sex. Girls were twice as likely to die as boys (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.08–3.70). There was a wide variety of pre-hospital treatments used, both modern and traditional. None had a consistent impact on the risk of death across different analyses. Reported use of traditional treatments was not associated with post-admission outcome. Interpretation Aside from well-recognised markers of severity, the main risk factor for death in this study was female sex, but this study cannot determine the reason why. Differences in pre-hospital treatments were not associated with case fatality.
The Properties of the Radio-Selected 1 Jy Sample of BL Lacertae Objects

We present new optical and near-IR spectroscopy, as well as new high dynamic range, arcsecond-resolution VLA radio maps, of BL Lacertae objects from the complete radio-selected "1 jansky" (1 Jy) sample (RBLs) for which such data were not previously available. Redshift information is now available for all but six of the 37 BL Lac objects in the 1 Jy sample. Of the 31 with redshift information, four redshifts are only minimum values based on absorption lines, and four other objects have uncertain redshifts based on the detection of only a single emission line. Unlike BL Lac objects from the complete X-ray–selected Einstein Medium Sensitivity Survey (EMSS) sample (XBLs), most RBLs possess weak but moderately luminous emission lines. The emission-line luminosities of RBLs are several orders of magnitude lower than flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs); however, there is significant overlap in the luminosity distributions of the two classes. All but one object in the 1 Jy sample has now been observed with the VLA, and extended flux was detected for all but three of the observed objects. Whereas nearly all XBLs have extended power levels consistent with FR 1s, more than half of the RBLs have extended radio power levels too luminous to be beamed FR 1 radio galaxies. In fact, we find evidence for and examples of three distinct mechanisms for creating the BL Lac phenomenon in the 1 Jy sample: beamed FR 1s, beamed FR 2s, and possibly a few gravitationally lensed quasars. The ⟨V/Vmax⟩ value determined for the 1 Jy sample is 0.614 ± 0.047, which is markedly different from the negative evolution seen in the EMSS and other XBL samples. A correlation between logarithmic X-ray–to–radio flux ratio and ⟨V/Vmax⟩ value is observed across the EMSS and 1 Jy samples from negative evolution in the more extreme XBLs to positive evolution in the more extreme RBLs. There is evidence that the selection criteria chosen by Stickel et al. eliminates some BL Lac objects from the 1 Jy sample, although how many is unknown. In addition, several objects currently in the sample have exhibited strong emission lines in one or more epochs, suggesting that they should be reclassified as FSRQs. However, these selection effects cannot account for the observed discrepancy in XBL and RBL properties. From these observational properties, we conclude that RBLs and XBLs cannot be related by viewing angle alone, and that RBLs are more closely related to FSRQs.
On-Line Path Generation for Robotic Deburring of Cast Aluminum Wheels

Cast aluminum wheels must be deburred and polished before chrome plating operation. Manual deburring and polishing is tedious and monotonous. Industrial robots are attracting more and more attention for the deburring applications. However, Each wheel path program was taking eight to ten weeks to create because the position and orientation of the deburring tool must be accurately identified based on the curvature of the wheel. To solve this problem, we developed a practical 6 DOF robot path generation method using hybrid force and visual servoing methodology. The force servoing keeps the robot tool continuously contacting with the wheel surface and the visual servoing controls the robot tool to follow a marked tool path on the wheel while the position and orientation are controlled and recorded. A robot path is then generated from the recorded data. Experiments are performed and the experimental results demonstrate that the developed algorithm can be used to automatically generate accurate 6 DOF robot paths for deburring aluminum wheels in less than an hour. This significantly reduces the robot programming time. The developed technology can also be used for robot path generation in many other manufacturing applications, such as welding and strip painting
Improving the Psychosocial Work Environment at Multi-Ethnic Workplaces: A Multi-Component Intervention Strategy in the Cleaning Industry

Global labour migration has increased in recent years and immigrant workers are often recruited into low status and low paid jobs such as cleaning. Research in a Danish context shows that immigrants working in the cleaning industry often form social networks based on shared languages and backgrounds, and that conflict between different ethnic groups may occur. This paper evaluates the impact of a multi-component intervention on the psychosocial work environment at a multi-ethnic Danish workplace in the cleaning sector. The intervention included Danish lessons, vocational training courses, and activities to improve collaboration across different groups of cleaners. Interviews about the outcome of the intervention were conducted with the cleaners and their supervisor. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used as a supplement to the interviews. The results suggest that the psychosocial work environment had improved after the intervention. According to the interviews with the cleaners, the intervention had led to improved communication, trust, and collaboration. These findings are supported by the questionnaire where social support from supervisor and colleagues, social community, trust, and teamwork seem to have improved together with meaning of work, rewards, and emotional demands. The design of the intervention may provide inspiration for future psychosocial work environment interventions at multi-ethnic work places.
The Impact of Mobile Phones on Indigenous Social Structures: A Cross-cultural Comparative Study

Mobile phones are part of a major growth industry in so-called Third World countries. As in other places, the use of this technology changes communication behaviour. The influence of these changes on indigenous social structures was investigated with a mixed-type questionnaire that targeted parameters such as: in-group vs. out-group communication, involvement with dominant industrial culture and the use of financial resources. Data was collected from indigenous representatives at the United Nations, as well as in Africa from subjects of various cultural backgrounds, and from a control group in Berlin. The results reflect widespread use of mobile phones among indigenous persons, having a segregating effect within the indigenous community, but also enhancing ingroup communication and especially the use of the indigenous language. Mobile phones also facilitate moves from village to town, with the opportunity of frequently communicating with other in-group members.
Professional identity and turnover intentions of social workers in Beijing, China: The roles of job satisfaction and agency type

In order to address the ascending turnover rate among social workers in China, this article presents the idea, based on social identity theory, that professional identity is an important factor influencing turnover rate. Employing structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques, the study found that professional identity was negatively associated with social workers’ turnover intentions, and that social workers’ job satisfaction mediated the relationship between professional identity and their turnover intentions. The findings suggest that more work needs to be done on social work education and public image construction in China.
EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS FOR MICROSYSTEMS

Recent advances in Micro-electromechanical System (MEMS) fabrication and design techniques, including surface micromachining and LIGA, have made it possible to create complex, multi-task integrated systems. However, current industrial applications of the microsystems are limited to various sensors, actuators, and mirror arrays. Realization of commercially viable microsystems products requires thorough understanding, and eventually prediction, of their performance and reliability characteristics. Structural dynamics behavior of microsystems that include moving, overhung, and compliant subcomponents plays a pivotal role in determining their performance and reliability. Traditionally, experimental modal analysis is used to characterize dynamic behavior of structures, as well as to derive, validate, update and correct analytical and numerical models. Due to their small size, however, conventional modal testing methods cannot be directly applied to microstructures. This paper provides a brief overview of modal testing techniques for microsystems. A particular experimental modal analysis methodology is then described and evaluated. The modal tests included base excitation via a piezoelectric shaker and measurement through a laser interferometer. The boundary value problem and modal model is derived for the case of base excitation of micro-cantilever beams. The effectiveness of the methodology is illustrated through various experiments on polysilicon micro-cantilevers for different geometries and ambient pressures. Analysis of the damping data for different pressures has shown that the structural damping in microsystems can be considerably less than damping arising from the forces applied on the structure from the ambient gases.
X-RAY OBSERVATION OF VERY HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY SOURCE, HESS J1745−303, WITH SUZAKU

Suzaku observations of a TeV unidentified source, HESS J1745−303, are presented. A possible excess of neutral iron line emission is discovered, and is likely associated with the main part of HESS J1745−303, named “region A. ” It may be an X-ray reflection nebula where the X-rays from previous Galactic center (GC) activity are reflected by a molecular cloud. This result further strengthens the assumption that the molecular cloud, which is spatially coincident with region A of HESS J1745−303, is located in the GC region. The TeV emission from molecular clouds is reminiscent of the diffuse TeV gamma rays from the GC giant molecular clouds, and it could have the same emission mechanism. With deep exposure mapping observations by Suzaku, a tight upper limit on the 2–10 keV continuum diffuse emission from region A is obtained as 2.1 × 10−13 erg s−1 cm−2. The flux ratio between 1–10 TeV and 2–10 keV is larger than 4. Possible scenarios to reproduce wide-band spectra from keV to TeV are examined. Thermal X-rays from nearby two old supernova remnants, G359.0−0.9 and G359.1−0.5, are detected, and their emission properties are well determined in the present study with deep exposure.
Explicit Graphs with Extension Properties

We exhibit explicit, combinatorially defined graphs satisfying the k extension axiom: Given any set of k distinct vertices and any partition of it into two pieces, there exists another vertex adjacent to all of the vertices in the first piece and to none in the second. Quisani: I’ve been reading about zero-one laws, and many of the results involve extension axioms. In the simple case of graphs, by which I mean undirected graphs without loops or multiple edges, the k extension axiom says that, for any k distinct vertices x1, . , xk and any subset S ⊆ {1, . , k}, there is another vertex adjacent to xα for all α ∈ S and for no other α. I know that each of these axioms is true in almost all sufficiently large finite graphs. (Of course, “sufficiently large” depends on k.) So there are lots of these graphs, but I’d like to see some actual examples. Authors: Well, just take a big set of vertices, flip coins to decide which pairs to join by edges, and chances are you’ll get what you want. Q: Yes, but I’d like a reasonably regular-looking graph, not something totally random. A: There are strongly regular graphs that satisfy extension axioms. In fact, Cameron and Stark [3] show that there are lots of them. Q: What does “strongly regular” mean? A: Every vertex has the same number of neighbors (i.e., the graph is regular), every pair of adjacent vertices has the same number of common neighbors, and similarly for pairs of non-adjacent vertices. Q: That sounds good; so they got rid of the randomness. A: No, part of their construction involves randomization. Q: So they don’t get a really explicit example? That’s what I’d want — an example that I can get my hands on and really see why the kextension axiom holds. Have people given explicit, non-randomizing constructions of graphs that satisfy extension axioms? More precisely, are there explicitly defined sequences of finite graphs such that, as you We thank Yuri Gurevich for lending us his graduate student, Quisani. 2Extension axioms are also called adjacency axioms, and graphs that satisfy the k extension axiom are also called k-existentially closed.
Arterial pulse wave velocity in coronary arteries

Pulse wave velocity is related to arterial stiffness. Pulse wave velocity changes with age and disease and is a useful indicator of cardiovascular disease. Different methods are used for evaluating pulse wave velocity in systemic vessels, but none is applicable to coronary arteries. In this study we first compare values of wave speed (c) calculated from measurements of pressure (P) and velocity (U) using different analytical methods: PU-loop, beta stiffness parameter, characteristic impedance, foot-to-foot method, and the sum of squares (Sigma2), a novel way of calculating the wave speed (calculated from the square root of the sum of the ratio of the dP2 and dU2 over a complete cardiac cycle). Results from human measurements using Doppler ultrasound on carotid arteries show good correlation between the PU-loop method, beta stiffness parameter and Sigma2. Characteristic impedance calculations show the greatest variation of all methods. The Sigma2 method was further assessed in vitro for use in coronary vessels. Pressure and velocity measurements were obtained from human coronary arteries following angiographic studies. The measurements were made invasively by co-locating two wires with pressure and velocity transducers. Pressure and velocity data in the left anterior descending, circumflex, left main stem and right coronary arteries were acquired simultaneously along with the ECG signal. Wave speed was calculated using Sigma2. Wave intensity analysis was used to determine forward and backward traveling waves at different times in different locations, for which wave speed, approximate distance and timings between waves need to be known