Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BeTTy: benchmarking and testing on the automated analysis of feature models

The automated analysis of feature models is a flourishing research topic that has called the attention of both researchers and practitioners during the last two decades. During this time, the number of tools and techniques enabling the analysis of feature models has increased and also their complexity. In this scenario, the lack of specific testing mechanisms to assess the correctness and good performance of analysis tools is becoming a major obstacle hindering the development of tools and affecting their quality and reliability. In this paper, we present BeTTy, a framework for BEnchmarking and TesTing on the analYsis of feature models. Among other features, BeTTy enables the automated detection of faults in feature model analysis tools. Also, it supports the generation of motivating test data to evaluate the performance of analysis tools in both average and pessimistic cases. Part of the functionality of the framework is provided through a web-based interface facilitating the random generation of both classic and attributed feature models.
Compact cross-coupled coplanar-waveguide bandpass filters without bondwires

Two types of compact cross-coupled coplanar-waveguide (CPW) bandpass filters, which are the dual of each other, are proposed. They are based on the three-line coupled CPW along with lumped-element K- or J-inverters. Due to the symmetrical filter structure, no bondwires or airbridges are required for implementation of the proposed CPW bandpass filters, which greatly simplifies the fabrication process. Their filter sizes are about 50% of the conventional parallel-coupled filter with no spurious passbands at even harmonics. In addition, by introducing the cross-coupling effect, two transmission zeros at the upper and lower stopbands may be created, which improve the filter selectivity. Simple equivalent-circuit models are also established as effective design tools. Specifically, two 4th-order CPW bandpass filters centered at about 2GHz implemented on a FR4 substrate are demonstrated.
A cross-sectional analysis of developmental trajectories of vocabulary comprehension among children and adolescents with Down syndrome or intellectual disability of undifferentiated aetiology

ABSTRACT Background In this work we sought to expand our knowledge of developmental trajectories of subcomponents of the language systems of individuals with intellectual disability (ID). We aimed to explore how general and relational vocabularies evolve as a function of cognitive level. Method Developmental trajectories of general and relational vocabulary comprehension were compared among typically developing (TD) children and children and adolescents with ID of undifferentiated aetiology (UND) or Down syndrome (DS). Results Comparisons between TD participants and participants with UND showed no interaction between cognitive level and diagnostic status for general vocabulary, and only a very weak interaction for relational vocabulary. Comparisons between TD participants and participants with DS failed to reveal group-specific trajectories. Performance in general vocabulary was higher than in relational vocabulary for participants with UND and DS. Conclusion The developmental trajectories of vocabulary appear to be globally comparable for participants with or without ID.
YaDT: yet another decision tree builder

YaDT is a from-scratch main-memory implementation of the C4.5-like decision tree algorithm. Our presentation would be focused on the design principles that allowed for obtaining an extremely efficient system. Experimental results are reported comparing YaDT with Weka, dti, Xelopes and (E)C4.5.
Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: Prognostic Significance of Clinicopathological Subtypes

Classification and subdivision of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL) are a matter of ongoing debate. In this study we assessed the morphologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features of 30 cases of PCDLBCL identified during a review of all primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas in the Scotland and Newcastle Lymphoma Group database. We also determined the number of cases harboring t(14;18) using a polymerase chain reaction and primers to the major breakpoint cluster region. The effect on prognosis of a variety of clinical and pathologic factors was assessed for the group of 30 PCDLBCL and the 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) of this cohort compared with that of 195 cases of stage I diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising primarily in lymph nodes, also identified from within the Scotland and Newcastle Lymphoma Group database. Location on the leg was the only independent prognostic factor for determining outcome in PCDLBCL (67% 5-year DSS compared with 100% for the upper body; P = 0.0047). The presence of multiple lesions, involvement of more than one body site, and expression or not of CD10, bcl-2, bcl-6, and CD10 and bcl-6, had no effect on survival. Compared with cases arising above the waist, those on the leg were more often female, were of an older age, and had a significantly higher incidence of bcl-2 expression (P = 0.002) as well as the aforementioned poorer prognosis. They also showed more frequent co-expression of CD10 and bcl-6, supporting a follicle center cell origin for some, but this difference was not statistically significant. Although there was no significant difference in the 5-year DSS between the group of PCDLBCL and the cases of stage I nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (88% 5-year DSS vs. 78%; P = 0.06), the latter were generally treated with more aggressive therapy. Moreover, a significant difference in 5-year DSS was seen when the nodal DLBCLs were compared with PCDLBCLs arising above the waist (78% vs. 100% respectively; P = 0.0135). These results support the current EORTC approach of subdividing PCLBCL on the basis of site to produce prognostically relevant groupings.
STUDY OF POSTLARYNGECTOMY STOMAL RECURRENCE.

THE SPECTER of peristomal recurrence hangs over the laryngectomized patient as one of the most insidious and lethal complications which can occur. Detection is often difficult even for the skilled and careful observer, and survival with the most aggressive treatment is rare. Our purpose in this paper is to analyze our experience with recurrence in the peristomal region, to define certain factors of significance in its etiology, and to suggest possible preventive measures. We may define postlaryngectomy peristomal recurrence as a diffuse infiltrate of neoplastic tissue at the junction of the amputated trachea and the skin. It may be localized to one side of the stoma, slowly producing a bulge of the immediately adjacent tracheal wall, or it may encircle the stoma, causing a gradual constriction of the aperture that is almost imperceptible, appearing at any time from six weeks to two or more years following laryngectomy. Occasionally the recurrence
Solicited kidney donors: Are they coerced?

Most non‐directed donors (NDDs) decide to donate on their own and contact the transplant centre directly. Some NDDs decide to donate in response to community solicitation such as newspaper ads or donor drives. We wished to explore whether subtle coercion might be occurring in such NDDs who are part of a larger community. One successful organization in a community in Brooklyn, NY, provides about 50 NDDs per year for recipients within that community. The donors answer ads in local papers and attend donor drives. Herein, we evaluated the physical and emotional outcomes of community‐solicited NDDs in comparison to traditional NDDs who come from varied communities and are not responding to a specific call for donation. An assessment of coercion was used as well.
Data-driven simulation methods in computer graphics: cloth, tissue and faces

In recent years, various methods have been introduced to exploit pre-recorded data to improve the performance and/or realism of dynamic deformations, but their differences and similarities have not been adequately analyzed or discussed. So far, the proposed methods have been explored mainly in the research context. They have not been adopted by the computer graphics industry. This course bridges the gap between research labs and industry to present a unifying theory and understanding of data-driven methods for dynamic deformations that may inspire development of novel solutions. It focuses on application of data-driven methods to three areas of computer animation: dynamic deformation of faces, soft volumetric tissue, and cloth. And it describes how to approach these challenges in a data-driven manner, classifies the various methods, and demonstrates how data-driven methods can work in other settings.
Effects of Negative Keying and Wording in Attitude Measures: A Mixed-Methods Study

Researchers often collect data on attitudes using “balanced” measurement scales—that is, scales with comparable numbers of positive and negative (i.e., reversescored) items. Many previous measurement studies have found the inclusion of negative items to be detrimental to scale reliability and validity. However, these studies have rarely distinguished among negatively-worded items, negatively-keyed items, and items with negative wording and keying. The purpose of the current study was to make those distinctions and investigate why the psychometric properties of balanced scales tend to be worse than those of scales with uniformly positive wording/keying. A mixed-methods approach was employed. In Study 1 (quantitative), item wording and keying were systematically varied in adaptations of two published attitude measures that were administered to a large college student sample. Reliability and dimensionality of the resulting data were examined across the measures in each of four wording/keying configurations. Study 2 (qualitative) incorporated a mix of the same four wording/keying conditions in an adapted measure that was administered individually to a small sample of college students. A think-aloud design was implemented to elicit verbalizations that were subsequently analyzed using a thematic networks approach. Study 1 findings indicated that reliability estimates were generally highest for scales where all items were positively worded/keyed and lowest for scales with balanced keying (or balanced keying and wording). Regarding dimensionality, method variance was more evident when keying was balanced than when keying was consistent. This tended to be the case whether wording was balanced or consistent. Study 2 revealed a number of factors that could contribute to differences in the response patterns elicited by negative and positive items. These factors included the relative difficulty of processing
Correlation of Hormone Receptor Expression with Histologic Parameters in Benign and Malignant Breast Tumors.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the commonest cancer of Indian women. Estrogen and Progesterone expression is seen in benign breast lesions and in breast carcinoma associated with good prognostic parameters and it correlates well with response to hormone therapy. Although a lot of studies have been conducted in the past on hormone receptor expression in breast cancer and few have correlated them with other prognostic parameters of breast cancer, the present study was intended to document the prevalence of hormone receptor positive breast carcinomas in our population; their importance in benign breast diseases; to document a reliable scoring system of hormone receptors expression by Quick scoring; to correlate them with most of the proven prognostic parameters of breast carcinoma. METHODS Tissue specimens from 25 patients with benign breast disease and 50 patients with breast carcinoma were assayed for estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors using Quick scoring. ER/PR expression in breast carcinomas was correlated with various prognostic parameters including patients' age, menopausal status, tumor size, type, MBR grade, NPI, lymphatic vessel invasion, lymph node stage, lymphomononuclear invasion, elastosis and HER2/neu status. RESULT Scoring of steroid receptors paralleled intensity of hyperplasia in benign breast diseases but in breast carcinoma, it was inversely correlated with grade of tumor, NPI, HER2/neu status, tumor necrosis, lymphomononuclear infiltrate and elastosis. We found no relationship with tumor size, lymph node status or age. CONCLUSION Assessment of hormone receptors for clinical management of breast cancer patients is strongly advocated to provide prognostic information and best therapeutic options.
Language-users choose short words in predictive contexts in an artificial language task

Zipf (1935) observed that word length is inversely proportional to word frequency in the lexicon. He hypothesised that this cross-linguistically universal feature was due to the Principle of Least Effort: language-users align form-meaning mappings in such a way that the lexicon is optimally coded for efficient information transfer. However, word frequency is not the only reliable predictor of word length: Piantadosi, Tily, and Gibson (2011) show that a word’s predictability in context is in fact more strongly correlated with word length than word frequency. Here, we present an artificial language learning study aimed at investigating the mechanisms that could give rise to such a distribution at the level of the lexicon. We find that participants are more likely to use an ambiguous short form in predictive contexts, and distinct long forms in surprising contexts, only when they are subject to the competing pressures to communicate accurately and efficiently. These results support the hypothesis that language-users are driven by a least-effort principle to restructure their input in order to align word length with information content, and this mechanism could therefore explain the global pattern observed at the level of the lexicon.
Hypolipidaemic activity of seaweed from Karachi coast

During the present study, ethanol extracts of five seaweed species Solieria robusta, Iyengaria stellata, Colpomenia sinuosa, Spatoglossum asperum and Caulerpa racemosa at 10 mg/ 200 g body weight were tested for their hypolipidaemic activity. All the species significantly decreased the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in normal, triton‐induced and diet‐induced hyperlipidaemic rats. Solieria robusta was found to be the most effective in reducing the lipid profile, particularly in diet‐induced hyperlipidaemic rats. A beneficial effect of the ethanol extract of S. asperum was also found on cardiac and liver enzymes in diet‐induced hyperlipidaemic rats. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychotherapist trainees’ professional self-doubt and negative personal reaction: Changes during cognitive behavioral therapy and association with patient progress

Abstract Objective: This study examined psychotherapist trainees’ experiences of “professional self-doubt” (PSD) and “negative personal reaction” (NPR) during cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and their associations with patients’ symptoms and interpersonal problems. Method: Forty therapists treating 621 patients were analyzed. Patients’ symptoms and interpersonal problems were collected repeatedly during therapy. Data about patients’ interpersonal problems were available only for 106 patients and 18 therapists. Therapists’ difficulties were assessed as trait-based (one assessment across all patients) and as state-based (repeated assessments for each individual patient) difficulties. Multilevel models were performed. Results: None of the trait-based difficulties correlated with the change of the patients’ symptoms. Yet, more NPR at the trait-level predicted a more favorable change, whereas higher PSD at the trait-level showed an opposite effect on change of patients’ interpersonal problems. Regarding state-based difficulties, PSD as well as NPR decreased significantly over the course of CBT. Patients whose therapists’ experienced PSD to increase during CBT were at risk of a less favorable patient progress regarding symptoms, whereas the change of interpersonal problems was not significantly associated with changes in therapists’ difficulties. Conclusion: Patients’ progress is associated with therapists’ experiences of difficulties. Yet, trait- and state-based difficulties lead to different results.
Coupling Poroelasticity and CFD for Cerebrospinal Fluid Hydrodynamics

This research uses a novel coupling of poroelastic theory and computational fluid dynamics to investigate acute hydrocephalus resulting from stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct. By coupling poroelastic theory with a multidimensional simulation of the cerebral aqueduct we are able to investigate, for the first time, the impact of physically relevant stenosis patterns on ventricular enlargement, accounting for the nonintuitive long time history responses of the ventricular system. Preliminary findings demonstrate clearly the importance that the fluidic-poroelastic coupling plays: ventricular enlargement is significantly smaller with local stenosis patterns and almost all of the observable pressure drop occurs across the stenosis. Short timescale effects [O(heartbeat)] are explored and their contribution to the long timescales interrogated.
Effect of oscillator phase noise on uplink performance of large MU-MIMO systems

The effect of oscillator phase noise on the sum rate performance of a frequency selective multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) uplink channel is studied under imperfect channel state information. A maximum ratio combining detection strategy is employed by the base station (BS) (having a large antenna array of M elements), and an analytical expression of a lower bound on the sum capacity of the system is derived. It is shown that an array power gain of O(√M) is achievable. It is also observed that phase noise effectively limits the fraction of the time used for information transmission and the number of users in the system. Finally it is concluded that, phase noise degrades the performance but does not eliminate the fundamental gains of a Large Scale Antenna System (LSAS), i.e., power efficiency and high sum rate performance with low complexity receiver processing.
Feature-Based Attention in Early Vision for the Modulation of Figure–Ground Segregation

We investigated psychophysically whether feature-based attention modulates the perception of figure–ground (F–G) segregation and, based on the results, we investigated computationally the neural mechanisms underlying attention modulation. In the psychophysical experiments, the attention of participants was drawn to a specific motion direction and they were then asked to judge the side of figure in an ambiguous figure with surfaces consisting of distinct motion directions. The results of these experiments showed that the surface consisting of the attended direction of motion was more frequently observed as figure, with a degree comparable to that of spatial attention (Wagatsuma et al., 2008). These experiments also showed that perception was dependent on the distribution of feature contrast, specifically the motion direction differences. These results led us to hypothesize that feature-based attention functions in a framework similar to that of spatial attention. We proposed a V1–V2 model in which feature-based attention modulates the contrast of low-level feature in V1, and this modulation of contrast changes directly the surround modulation of border-ownership-selective cells in V2; thus, perception of F–G is biased. The model exhibited good agreement with human perception in the magnitude of attention modulation and its invariance among stimuli. These results indicate that early-level features that are modified by feature-based attention alter subsequent processing along afferent pathway, and that such modification could even change the perception of object.
Asymptotic Properties of Monte Carlo Estimators of Derivatives

We study the convergence of Monte Carlo estimators of derivatives when the transition density of the underlying state variables is unknown. Three types of estimators are compared. These are respectively based on Malliavin derivatives, on the covariation with the driving Wiener process, and on finite difference approximations of the derivative. We analyze two different estimators based on Malliavin derivatives. The first one, the Malliavin path estimator, extends the path derivative estimator of Broadie and Glasserman (1996) to general diffusion models. The second, the Malliavin weight estimator, proposed by Fournie et al. (1999), is based on an integration by parts argument and generalizes the likelihood ratio derivative estimator. It is shown that for discontinuous payoff functions, only the estimators based on Malliavin derivatives attain the optimal convergence rate for Monte Carlo schemes. Estimators based on the covariation or on finite difference approximations are found to converge at slower rates. Their asymptotic distributions are shown to depend on additional second-order biases even for smooth payoff functions.
Are Active Video Games Associated With Less Screen Media or Conventional Physical Activity?

This study analyzed the time adolescents spend on active video games, sedentary screen media, and conventional physical activity as well as the interrelationships between these variables. Data were collected from 570 Spanish adolescents (15–16 years old) who completed a self-report questionnaire. A path analysis was carried out to analyze the relationships among the different variables. Time in television, video games, and physical activity were higher in males than in females. The use of television and video games positively predicted the use of active video games, which positively predicted physical activity participation. The findings of this study show that sedentary screen media and physical activity are behaviors that can coexist. The promotion of active video games as part of general strategies for the promotion of physical activity could be desirable, but it is likely to contribute to physical activity levels in only a small way. This article finishes with some recommendations related to the use of active/inactive screen media and the promotion of physical activity.