Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visuospatial, Visuoperceptual and Visuoconstructing abilities in Traumatic Brain Injury: The effects of injury severity and effort

The study’s objective was to determine the effects of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) on visuospatial, visuoperceptual and visuoconstructing skills while controlling for effort. TBI cases were classified by injury severity as mild or moderate-severe, and by effort measured based on performance on four validity-indicators. TBI cases were also compared to demographically-matched healthy control subjects. Visuospatial, visuoperceptual and visuoconstructing abilities scores were obtained from the performance on five common neuropsychological tests: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, Benton Facial Test as well as Matrix Reasoning, Picture Completion and Block Design from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test-III. Patients classified as mild TBI good effort demonstrated no meaningful impairments in the visual skills tests. Those classified as moderate-severe TBI and mild TBI poor-effort demonstrated moderate impairments in these same skills. Therefore, effort aside, a dose-response effect was obtained between injury severity and visuospatial, visuoperceptual and visuoconstructing performance. Poor effort was responsible for visual skills impairments in mild TBI. As a result, it is important to extensively test motivational factors in mTBI before attributing impairments in visuospatial, visuoperceptual and visuoconstructing neuropsychological tests to brain damage.
Antioxidant Rich Morus alba leaf Extract Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon and Breast Cancer Cells by the Downregulation of Nitric Oxide Produced by Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Morus species had been used widely in the traditional medicines for various diseases. In this study we report the in vitro antiproliferative activity of the methanol extract of Morus alba. The extract is capable of inducing cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (HCT-15) cells (IC50 = 13.8 μg/ml) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells (IC50 = 9.2 μg/ml), resulted in significant morphological changes of the cells, fragmentation of DNA, and caspase-3 activation- characteristics of apoptosis. It downregulated the amount of nitric oxide (NO) produced as a result of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) activation. The HPLC analysis of the extract showed epicatechin (20%), myricetin (10%), quercetin hydrate (12%), luteolin (12%), and kaempferol (6%) as the major active components and ascorbic acid, gallic acid, pelargonidine, and p-coumaric acid as the minor components. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the downregulation of iNOS and induction of apoptosis by M. alba extract.
Trait Rumination Moderates the Effect of Executive Control Training

The ability to regulate emotions during times of stress plays an important role in risk for psychopathology and resilient responding. Individual differences in executive control may critically affect this ability. Training executive control may therefore improve emotional adjustment to stressful events. The aims of the current study were to examine whether executive control training affects biological stress response and to investigate whether trait rumination moderates the training effect. Using a student sample (N = 69), two versions of the n-back task were administered, one with neutral and one with affective stimuli. The training groups were compared to a control condition on changes in salivary cortisol following a stress induction. Results indicate that trait rumination moderated the training effects. For participants low on trait rumination, condition assignment had no effect on cortisol reactivity. For participants high on trait rumination, however, the training compared to the control condition resulted in diminished cortisol reactivity. These results emphasize the importance of examining moderators when investigating the effects of executive control training.
Panic disorder and hypochondriasis

The aim of this study is to examine the association of panic disorder with hypochondriasis. The study group were confisted of 62 patients who were referred to the Psychiatry Clinic of the Medical School of Fırat University in 1994, who were diagnosed as panic disorder cases according to the DSM-III-R criteria. SCIDI and SCID II inventories structured for DSM-III-R were applied to the patients and all data containing their sociodemographic characteristics were entered on forms specially prepared for this study. In our study we determined that the hypochondriasis accompanies the panic disorder more than it does the agoraphobia. A large majority of patients having the diagnosis of panic disorder and hypocondriasis are males, usually work as public servant, and they have obsessive compulsive personality . [Turk J Med Res 1996, 14(3): 121-124]
Inclusive Postsecondary Education--An Evidence-Based Moral Imperative.

Although today many more examples of postsecondary educational opportunities being made available to students are expanding for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), the majority of these opportunities are either segregated or partially segre- gated with few accommodating students with significant disabilities or challenging behaviors. In this article, the authors take the position that the desire for inclusive education and the beliefs and principles of inclusive practices must be the foundation for inclu- sive postsecondary education (IPSE). The rationale for such an approach is based on positive outcomes derived for young adults where opportunities for inclusion in the context of universities, colleges, and technical schools offer a powerful context for embed- ding students in the normative pathways that can lead to positive lifelong outcomes. As inclusive schooling remains a controversial issue even after 40 years of supportive published research and demonstrated practice, it is not surprising that full IPSE opportunities are limited. The authors hold to the principles of inclusion as the foundation for postsecondary education given the known failure of segregated education to result in positive social and economic outcomes. The authors explore the means of achieving better futures for students with ID through IPSE. This article highlights the findings of 25 years experience across the province of Alberta in implementing 18 IPSE initiatives for young adults with the full range of ID, including those with severe and multiple disabilities, and outlines the challenging behaviors thus strengthening evidence for adopting inclusive practices. The supports required for an authentic student experience in all aspects of postsecondary academic and social life are described with employment, academic, eco- nomic and social outcomes highlighted. IPSE has been shown to be an important and effective means of launching students with ID into adulthood, but by itself, IPSE is not sufficiently powerful to sustain an inclusive pathway over time. The authors note that student experiences in campus life and relationships reveal we are not close to finding the limits to where and how inclusion can be achieved; the challenge is to create opportunities.
Perception and communication

First published in 1958, this book has become recognized as a classic in its field. It marked a transition between behaviourist learning theory and the modern 'information processing' or 'cognitive' approach to perception and communication skills. It continues to provide a principal starting point for theoretical and experimental work on selective attention. As Professor Posner writes in his Foreword to the reissue: 'it remains of great interest to view the work in its original form and to ponder those creative moments when the mind first grasps a new insight and then struggles to work out its consequences.
When is the helicopter faster? A comparison of helicopter and ground ambulance transport times.

BACKGROUND A retrospective analysis of 7,854 ground ambulance and 1,075 helicopter transports was conducted. METHODS The 911-hospital arrival intervals for three transport methods were compared: ground, helicopter dispatched simultaneously with ground unit, and helicopter dispatched nonsimultaneously after ground unit response. RESULTS Compared with ground transports, simultaneously dispatched helicopter transports had significantly shorter 911-hospital arrival intervals at all distances greater than 10 miles from the hospital. Nonsimultaneously dispatched helicopter transport was significantly faster than ground at distances greater than 45 miles, and simultaneous helicopter dispatch was faster than nonsimultaneous at virtually all distances. Ground transport was significantly faster than either air transport modality at distances less than 10 miles from the hospital. CONCLUSION Ground ambulance transport provided the shortest 911-hospital arrival interval at distances less than 10 miles from the hospital. At distances greater than 10 miles, simultaneously dispatched air transport was faster. Nonsimultaneous dispatched helicopter transport was faster than ground if greater than 45 miles from the hospital.
DETERMINING PARTICIPATION MOTIVATION OF YOUNG ATHLETES WITH REGARD TO GENDER AND SPORT TYPE

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine motives of young athletes with regard to gender and sport type. Method: The sample of this study constituted 419 females (M age =12.23±1.88) and 477 males (M age =11.93±1.99) totally 896 athletes (M age =12.07±1.94) participants from variety of physical activity and sport settings. “Participation Motivation Questionnaire” (Gill et al., 1983) was administered to participants. Participants were classified into two groups with respect to type of sports (individual/team sport). An independent t-test was used to determined differences in motivation orientations with regard to gender and sport type. Results: Results showed that there were no significant differences in participation motives of athletes with regard to gender (p>.05). T-test results also revealed that significant differences in team and friendship motives between participants with regard to sport type (p< 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the participants who participate in team sports have higher scores in team and friendship subscales. In other words, they want to be part of a team and make friends with team sports.
Historical Institutionalism in Communication Studies

New institutionalism is a collection of institutionalist theories, including historical institutionalism, sociological institutionalism, and rational choice institutionalism. This article focuses on historical institutionalism in communication studies. First, we note that historical institutionalism—a dominant approach in political science—has appeared in relatively few studies of media and communications. Second, we describe the historical institutionalist approach. Third, we describe the historical institutionalist method in detail, breaking it down into 6 steps and demonstrating its usefulness, especially in the areas of communication history and communication policy and law. In the final section, we further develop our contention that the field of communications is a fruitful one for the development of historical institutionalism, and that historical institutionalism is a useful approach for communication scholars, especially in the areas of communication history, policy, and law.
Insulin resistance improves metabolic and contractile efficiency in stressed rat heart

Insulin resistance is a prominent feature in heart failure, while hyperglycemia impairs cardiac contraction. We propose that decreased insulin‐mediated glucose uptake by the heart preserves cardiac function in response to metabolic and hemodynamic stress. To test this hypothesis, we fed rats a high‐sucrose diet (HSD). Energy substrate metabolism and cardiac work were determined ex vivo in a sequential protocol simulating metabolic and hemodynamic stress. Compared to chow‐fed, control rats, HSD impaired myocardial insulin responsiveness and induced profound metabolic changes in the heart, characterized by reduced rates of glucose uptake (7.91 ±0.30 vs. 10.73±0.67 μmol/min/g dry weight; P<0.001) but increased rates of glucose oxidation (2.38±0.17 vs. 1.50±0.15 μmol/min/g dry weight; P<0.001) and oleate oxidation (2.29±0.11 vs. 1.96±0.12 μmol/ min/g dry weight; P<0.05). Tight coupling of glucose uptake and oxidation and improved cardiac efficiency were associated with a reduction in glucose 6‐phosphate and oleoyl‐CoA levels, as well as a reduction in the content of uncoupling protein 3. Our results suggest that insulin resistance lessens fuel toxicity in the stressed heart. This calls for a new exploration of the mechanisms regulating substrate uptake and oxidation in the insulin‐resistant heart. —Harmancey, R. , Lam, T. N. , Lubrano, G. M. , Guthrie, P. H. , Vela, D. , Taegtmeyer, H. Insulin resistance improves metabolic and contractile efficiency in stressed rat heart. FASEB J. 26, 3118–3126 (2012). www.fasebj. org
Near-Optimal Hardness Results for Signaling in Bayesian Games

We study the optimization problem faced by a perfectly informed principal in a Bayesian game, who reveals information to the players about the state of nature to obtain a desirable equilibrium. This signaling problem is the natural design question motivated by uncertainty in games and has attracted much recent attention. We present almost-optimal hardness results for signaling problems in (a) Bayesian two-player zero-sum games, and (b) Bayesian network routing games. For Bayesian zero-sum games, when the principal seeks to maximize the equilibrium utility of a player, we show that it is \nphard to obtain an FPTAS. Previous results ruled out an FPTAS assuming the hardness of the planted clique problem, which is an average-case assumption about the hardness of recovering a planted clique from an Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graph. Our hardness proof exploits duality and the equivalence of separation and optimization in a novel, unconventional way. Further, we preclude a PTAS assuming planted-clique hardness; previously, a PTAS was ruled out (assuming planted-clique hardness) only for games with quasi-polynomial-size strategy sets. Complementing these, we obtain a PTAS for a structured class of zero-sum games (where signaling is still NP-hard) when the payoff matrices obey a Lipschitz condition. For Bayesian network routing games, wherein the principal seeks to minimize the average latency of the Nash flow, NP-hard to obtain an approximation ratio better than 4/3, even for linear latency functions. This is the optimal inapproximability result for linear latencies, since we show that full revelation achieves a 4/3-approximation for linear latencies.
PROSES SOSIALISASI LAKI-LAKI SUKA SEKS DENGAN LAKI-LAKI (LSL) PADA KALANGAN REMAJA DI KABUPATEN JEMBER

The Men who like Sex with Men (MSM) is a minority in heterosexual society. The Young MSM community always close their identity in the society becuse they need self actuality as homosexual in the heterosexuaal society. This will have an impact on their lack of information and knowledge about reproductive health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the process of socialization among young MSM and its effects on adolescent reproductive health, which includes socialization in the family, at school (college), in the MSM community and the general public. This research used qualitative methode with phenomenological approach. Data was collected by means of indepth interviews to the youth MSM attain the age of 17-23 old years in Jember District. Based on the results of research indicate that most of the MSM is difficult to communicate and interact socially in the family, school (college) and in the society. Therefore they were not being themself. When they did socialization in heterosexual society, they would follow the norms and rules that exist in society. Howefer when they did socialization in MSM community, they feel comfortable and could be himself. Because MSM always got isolated from society, they make community in order toreceive emotional support and getting acceptance (cohesive) from society. Howefer this condition can not solve their isolated feelings.Therefore the difficult problems getting proper information about reproductive health.Therefore, they become vulnerable to infection of Sexual Transmited Diseases and HIV/AIDS.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE IMPACT OF EMERGING CLIMATE RISKS ON URBAN REAL ESTATE PRICE DYNAMICS

In the typical asset market, an asset featuring uninsurable idiosyncratic risk must offer a higher rate of return to compensate risk-averse investors. A home offers a standard asset's risk and return opportunities, but it also bundles access to its city's amenities|and to its climate risks. As climate change research reveals the true nature of these risks, how does the equilibrium real estate pricing gradient change when households can sort into different cities? When the population is homogeneous, the real estate pricing gradient instantly reflects the "new news". With population heterogeneity, an event study research design will underestimate the valuation of climate risk for households in lowrisk cities while overestimating the valuation of households in high-risk areas. Devin Bunten University of California at Los Angeles Department of Economics 8283 Bunche Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095-1477 devinbunten@gmail.com Matthew E. Kahn UCLA Institute of the Environment Department of Economics Department of Public Policy Anderson School of Management UCLA Law School, Box 951496 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1496 and NBER mkahn@ioe.ucla. edu
Hand Movements Relates to Task Complexity Ipsilateral Motor Cortex Activity During Unimanual

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , March 5, 2014; 34 (10): 3622-3631. J. Neurosci. Benjamin A. Philip and Scott H. Frey Unilateral Amputees Compensatory Changes Accompanying Chronic Forced Use of the Nondominant Hand by [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , April 2, 2014; 34 (14): 5054-5064. J. Neurosci. Tobias Wiestler, Sheena Waters-Metenier and Jorn Diedrichsen Reference Frames Effector-Independent Motor Sequence Representations Exist in Extrinsic and Intrinsic [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , August 15, 2014; 112 (4): 999-1009. J Neurophysiol Cathrin M. Buetefisch, Kate Pirog Revill, Linda Shuster, Benjamin Hines and Michael Parsons Motor demand-dependent activation of ipsilateral motor cortex [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , October 1, 2014; 2 (10): . PHY2 Takuya Morishita, Shinji Kubota, Masato Hirano and Kozo Funase motor manipulation task − resting primary motor cortex during a fine latency interhemispheric inhibition from active to − and long − Different modulation of short
Eyebrow movements and voice variations in dialogue situations: an experimental investigation

This paper deals with the relationships between rapid eyebrow movements and vocal production during dialogue. A sophisticated movement and voice recording and analysis system was used to determine when eyebrow movements occurred relative to the phases of phonation, and how these movements were linked to accentuation-related intonative variations. The results confirmed the previously observed association between rapid eyebrow movements and F0 changes. Temporal relationships between eyebrow movements and the beginning and end of a speaker's vocalization suggest that eyebrow movements act as a turn-taking cue.
Memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal system

In this text, Neal J. Cohen and Howard Eichenbaum bring together converging findings from neuropsychology, neuroscience and cognitive science that provide the critical clues and constraints for developing a more comprehensive understanding of memory. Specifically, they offer a cognitive neuroscience theory of memory that accounts for the nature of memory impairment exhibited in human amnesia and animal models of amnesia, that specifies the functional role played by the hippocampal system in memory, and that provides further understanding of the componential structure of memory. The authors' central thesis is that the hippocampal system mediates a capacity for declarative memory, the kind of memory that in humans supports conscious recollection and the explicit and flexible expression of memories. They argue that this capacity emerges from a representation of critical relations among items in memory, and that such a relational representation supports the ability to make inferences and generalizations from memory, and to manipulate and flexibly express memory in countless ways. In articulating such a description of the fundamental nature of declarative representation and of the mnemonic capabilities to which it gives rise, the authors' theory constitutes a major extension and elaboration of the earlier procedural-declarative account of memory. Support for this view is taken from a variety of experimental studies of amnesia in humans, non-human primates, and rodents. Additional support is drawn from observations concerning the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the hippocampal system. The data taken from divergent literatures are shown to converge on the cental theme of hippocampal involvement in declarative memory across species and across behavioural paradigms.
Single-molecule analysis of RAG-mediated V(D)J DNA cleavage

Significance V(D)J recombination is essential for assembling immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes. The lymphoid-specific RAG recombinase proteins (RAG1 and RAG2) perform DNA cleavage at recombination signal sequences (RSSs) during V(D)J recombination. Although RAG-mediated DNA cleavage has been analyzed in bulk, it has not at the single-molecule level. We used singly tethered DNA particle motion to examine the process in real time. We have found that RAG–RSS binding is reversible, with measurable dwell times before release. We also directly observed a reversible synaptic complex before RAG-mediated hairpin formation and measured its dwell time. These biochemical findings are compatible with a model for V(D)J recombination in vivo, in which the RAG recombinase often samples multiple partner RSSs before initiating the V(D)J recombination reaction. The recombination-activating gene products, RAG1 and RAG2, initiate V(D)J recombination during lymphocyte development by cleaving DNA adjacent to conserved recombination signal sequences (RSSs). The reaction involves DNA binding, synapsis, and cleavage at two RSSs located on the same DNA molecule and results in the assembly of antigen receptor genes. We have developed single-molecule assays to examine RSS binding by RAG1/2 and their cofactor high-mobility group-box protein 1 (HMGB1) as they proceed through the steps of this reaction. These assays allowed us to observe in real time the individual molecular events of RAG-mediated cleavage. As a result, we are able to measure the binding statistics (dwell times) and binding energies of the initial RAG binding events and characterize synapse formation at the single-molecule level, yielding insights into the distribution of dwell times in the paired complex and the propensity for cleavage on forming the synapse. Interestingly, we find that the synaptic complex has a mean lifetime of roughly 400 s and that its formation is readily reversible, with only ∼40% of observed synapses resulting in cleavage at consensus RSS binding sites.