Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrodynamic magnetic suspension-models, scaling laws, and experimental results

A simple experiment illustrating the principles of electrodynamic magnetic suspension is described and test results are given. A disk-shaped coil made of insulated copper magnet wire and energized with 60 Hz AC line voltage is levitated in a stable equilibrium position above a wide aluminum plate. The mechanisms generating levitation force are identified by the use of Maxwell's equations. A lumped-parameter inductance model is used to model magnetic energy storage. By using energy methods, the current necessary to achieve coil lift-off and levitation is estimated, with good results. A stability analysis is done which shows that the levitation is stable, but underdamped. Thermal models are also developed for determining temperature rise in the coil. The magnetic scaling law is developed which shows that larger magnetic structures are more efficient in energy conversion than small ones.
Embodiment Feels Better

In a five-year longitudinal study, we investigated the role of body objectification in shaping girls' self-esteem and depressive symptoms over the course of adolescence. Multivariate Latent Growth Curve Modeling (MLGM) was used to test the association between body objectification and both self-esteem and depressive symptoms with data from 587 adolescent girls who began the study at age 13 and completed the study at age 18. Results revealed that body objectification decreased, self-esteem increased, and depressive symptoms remained relatively steady across adolescence. Girls who experienced decreases in body objectification also tended to increase in self-esteem and decrease in depressive symptoms over the course of adolescence, even after accounting for several factors known to be associated with positive youth development including race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational achievement, religiosity, and body satisfaction. Practical implications for reducing objectification and enhancing girls' well-being through health, physical, and sexuality education, as well as through media literacy programs are discussed. Directions for future research are also discussed, including a greater focus on the role of race/ethnicity, research on boys, and the need for more experimental studies of body objectification.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 1-1-2004 Requirements Engineering During Global Software Development : Some Impediments to the Requirements Engineering Process-A Case Study

Requirements engineering is not straightforward for any software development team. Developing software when team members are located in widely distributed geographic locations poses many challenges for developers, particularly during the requirements engineering phase. This paper reports on a case study concerning a large software development project that was completed in just seven months between users located in the UK and software developers from an international software house based in New Zealand. The case indicates that while “true” global requirements engineering may be desirable in achieving economy of resources, a “hybrid” structure of requirements engineering processes is more realistic so that lasting relationships with clients may be formed, and requirements engineering activities achieved. The main impediment to the process of requirements engineering during global software development, as recounted by the team members in this case, is communication. Communication issues may be further described in terms of four categories: distribution of the clients and the development team, distribution of the development team, cultural differences between the clients and the development team and cultural differences among the development team
Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Accumulating evidence suggests that self-renewal and differentiation capabilities reside only in a subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), whereas the remaining tumor cell population lacks the ability to initiate tumor development or support continued tumor growth. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as with other malignancies, cancer stem cells have been increasingly shown to have an integral role in tumor initiation, disease progression, metastasis and treatment resistance. In this paper we summarize the current knowledge of the role of CSCs in HNSCC and discuss the therapeutic implications and future directions of this field.
IMP dehydrogenase. II. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Yoshida sarcoma ascites tumor cells.

The preceding paper showed that IMP dehydrogenase [IMP:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2. 1.14] tended to form a precipitable complex(es) through ionic and hydrophobic interactions. On the basis of these observations, a method was developed for purification of IMP dehydrogenase from Yoshida sarcoma ascites cells. On SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified preparation (1.19 U/mg protein) appeared homogeneous and its minimum molecular weight was estimated to be 68K daltons. Amino acid analyses indicated a subunit molecular weight of 68,042. Molecular sieve chromatography in the presence of 10% (NH4)2SO4 showed that the molecular weight of the native enzyme was 127K daltons. These values indicate that the native enzyme is composed of two identical subunits. However, the purified enzyme gave 4 protein bands on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-denaturing conditions, and appeared as a single fraction in the vicinity of the void volume on Ultrogel AcA 34 column chromatography at low salt concentration, indicating that its molecular weight exceeded 200K daltons. These findings indicate that the enzyme tends to aggregate owing to its own physicochemical characteristics. The Km values for IMP and NAD were calculated to be 12 and 25 microM, respectively, and the Ki values for XMP, GMP, and AMP to be 109, 130, and 854 microM, respectively. The purified enzyme showed full activity in the presence of K+, and K+ could be partially replaced by Na+. PCMB inactivated the enzyme, but the activity was completely restored by the addition of DTT. Cl-IMP also inactivated the enzyme and IMP prevented this inactivation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Down‐regulation of γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase regulatory subunit gene expression in rat brain tissue during aging

The mechanism underlying age‐related neurodegenerative diseases is still an area of significant controversy. Increased evidence suggests that oxidative stress contributes importantly to neuronal damage observed in the brains of aged animals and in neurodegenerative diseases. Glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular nonprotein thiol, plays an important role in antioxidant defense. The concentration of this important antioxidant decreases with age in the brain, which is accompanied by an increase in oxidative damage to macromolecules. The mechanism underlying the age‐associated decline in GSH content in the brain, however, is not clear. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the expression of the regulatory subunit of γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), the rate‐limiting enzyme in de novo GSH synthesis, decreases with age in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus of Fisher 344 rats. This was accompanied by a decline in GCS activity and GSH content. There were no significant differences in either the concentrations of cysteine and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) or the activities of glutathione synthetase (GS), γ‐glutamyl traspeptidase (GGT), and glutathione reductase (GR) in the brains from different age groups. Our results suggest that the age‐associated decrease in GSH in the brain may result from the down‐regulation of GCS regulatory subunit and consequently a decrease in the activity of GCS. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional Status and Patient-Reported Outcome 10 Years After Stroke: The Lund Stroke Register

Background and Purpose— Long-term studies of outcome after stroke are scarce. Our aim was to study functional status and patient-reported outcome 10 years after a first-ever stroke. Methods— Ten-year follow-up was conducted among the survivors from a population-based group of 416 patients included in the Lund Stroke Register, Sweden, between March 1, 2001, and February 28, 2002. The Barthel index was used to assess the functional status and the modified Rankin Scale to assess the degree of disability. The EQ-5D scale was used for survivors’ self-reports about health outcome and the specific Short-Form 36 (SF-36) question for rating their overall health. The patients also reported their frequency of physical activity. Results— Among 145 survivors 10 years after stroke (median age, 78 years), 59% were men, 90% lived in their ordinary housing, 73% were assessed as independent, and 71% had no or slight disability. The need of assistance with mobility and self-care was reported by 14% and with usual activities by 22%. Moderate pain was reported by 39%, and 4% had a high degree of pain. Moderate anxiety/depression was reported by 28% and high degree only by 1%. Overall health status was reported in positive terms by more than two thirds of the survivors. Almost half the cohort reported the same frequency of physical activity (≥4× weekly) as before stroke onset. Conclusions— This study indicates that 10-year stroke survivors in Sweden are mostly independent in daily activities and report good overall health and frequent physical activity, although half of them are ≥78 years.
Increased infarct size and exacerbated apoptosis in the glutathione peroxidase‐1 (Gpx‐1) knockout mouse brain in response to ischemia/reperfusion injury

Glutathione peroxidase is an antioxidant enzyme that is involved in the control of cellular oxidative state. Recently, unregulated oxidative state has been implicated as detrimental to neural cell viability and involved in both acute and chronic neurodegeneration. In this study we have addressed the importance of a functional glutathione peroxidase in a mouse ischemia/reperfusion model. Two hours of focal cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion was induced via the intraluminal suture method. Infarct volume was increased three‐fold in the glutathione peroxidase‐1 (Gpx‐1) –/– mouse compared with the wild‐type mouse; this was mirrored by an increase in the level of apoptosis found at 24 h in the Gpx‐1 –/– mouse compared with the wild‐type mouse. Neuronal deficit scores correlated to the histologic data. We also found that activated caspase‐3 expression is present at an earlier time point in the Gpx‐1 –/– mice when compared with the wild‐type mice, which suggests an enhanced susceptibility to apoptosis in the Gpx‐1 –/– mouse. This is the first known report of such a dramatic increase, both temporally and in level of apoptosis in a mouse stroke model. Our results suggest that Gpx‐1 plays an important regulatory role in the protection of neural cells in response to the extreme oxidative stress that is released during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
The Location of Marginalised Groups in the Inner City

In this paper certain sociospatial processes currently affecting the evolution of the inner city are considered, namely the processes of gentrification, polarisation and marginalisation. It is argued that these processes are increasing in importance as a result of deindustrialisation, demographic trends, the activities of the state, and changes in ideology; these forces then being reflected in the operation of the housing market. Marginalised groups in urban society can be categorised through their relationships to three elements of capitalist-patriarchal control, namely economic standards, social norms, and legal codes. Constraints on the residential location and activity spaces of marginal groups are examined by means of case studies of the impoverished elderly, the lesbian community, and down-and-out groups in Paris in the 1980s.
Listening in Silence Activates Auditory Areas: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Directing attention to some acoustic features of a sound has been shown repeatedly to modulate the stimulus-induced neural responses. On the contrary, little is known about the neurophysiological impact of auditory attention when the auditory scene remains empty. We performed an experiment in which subjects had to detect a sound emerging from silence (the sound was detectable after different durations of silence). Two frontal activations (right dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior frontal) were found, regardless of the side where sound was searched for, consistent with the well established role of these regions in attentional control. The main result was that the superior temporal cortex showed activations contralateral to the side where sound was expected to be present. The area extended from the vicinity of Heschl's gyrus to the surrounding areas (planum temporale/anterior lateral areas). The effect consisted of both an increase in the response to a sound delivered after attention was directed to detect its emergence and a baseline shift during the silent period. Thus, in absence of any acoustic stimulus, the search for an auditory input was found to activate the auditory cortex.
Tuberculosis in Sheltered Homeless Population of Rome: An Integrated Model of Recruitment for Risk Management

The authors show the results of an integrated model for risk management of tuberculosis in a sample of sheltered homeless in Rome. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was used for evaluating the prevalence of latent infection (LTBI). In TST positives, expectorate was collected and chest X-ray was achieved. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate determinants of infection. Out of 288 recruited subjects, 259 returned for the TST reading; 45.56% were positive and referred to a specialized center; 70 accessed the health facility and completed the clinical pathway. The risk factors associated to LTBI were male gender (OR = 3.72), age over 60 years (OR = 3.59), immigrant status (OR = 3.73), and obesity (OR = 2.19). This approach, based on an integrated social network, guarantees high adherence to screening (89.93%), allowing patients testing positive for latent tuberculosis infection to be diagnosed and rapidly referred to a specialized center.
Metabolic and cardiovascular adjustments of juvenile green turtles to seasonal changes in temperature and photoperiod

SUMMARY We measured activity levels, oxygen consumption, metabolic enzyme activity, breathing frequency, heart rate and blood chemistry variables of juvenile green turtles exposed to a laboratory simulation of subtropical winter and summer temperatures (17-26°C) and photoperiod (10.25 h:13.75 h to 14 h:10 h light:dark). The activity level of turtles had a significant effect on oxygen consumption and breathing frequency but there was no significant change in activity level between the summer and winter simulations. There was a moderate 24-27% decrease in oxygen consumption during exposure to winter conditions compared with summer conditions, but this difference was not statistically significant. Likewise, there was no statistically significant difference in breathing frequency between summer and winter simulations. Exposure to winter conditions did result in a significant decrease in activity of the aerobic enzyme citrate synthase. By contrast, activities of the glycolytic enzymes pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly higher in tissue collected during exposure to winter conditions compared with summer conditions. Citrate synthase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase had relatively low thermal dependence over the range of assay temperatures (15-30°C; Q10=1.44-1.69). Heart rate was 46-48% lower during the winter simulation compared with the summer simulation, and this difference was statistically significant. Exposure to winter conditions resulted in a significant decrease in plasma thyroxine and plasma proteins and a significant increase in plasma creatine phosphokinase and hematocrit. Overall, our results suggest that green turtles have a relatively low thermal dependence of metabolic rate over the range of temperatures commonly experienced at tropical to subtropical latitudes, a trait which allows them to maintain activity year-round.
Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II Parent/Primary Caregiver Form: Ages 0–5: Its Factor Structure and Other Implications for Practice

A child's acquisition of adaptive behavior and skills may constitute his or her most important goal during infancy and early childhood. In addition, adaptive behavior data often are required when making decisions under Part C of the 2004 Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act. This study reports the results of a factor analysis of date on 1,350 young children, ages 0–5 years, who constitute the standardization sample of the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II (Harrison & Oakland, 2003). The results indicate that the constructs measured by the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II for boys and girls are similar, that the skill areas function similarly on corresponding domains for the boys and girls, and that the intercepts are equal for boys and girls for the functions relating skill areas to the factors. Support was found for a one-factor model. The authors discuss the possible uses of Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-II data in reference to diagnostic, classification, intervention, and progress monitoring.
Quality assessment of 3D visualizations with vertical disparity: An ERP approach

In an objective approach for the assessment of quality of experience the neural correlates of EEG data are studied when stereoscopic images are presented in three different conditions containing vertical disparity. These conditions are compared to a similar image in 2D both on the channel level by studying the ERP components and on the source level by the localization of the corresponding ERP component. Our findings posit that P1 component in the occipital cortex has significantly increased in amplitude for 3D condition without vertical disparity compared to the 2D condition. According to previous studies, this component increases when depth information are added to the stimulus which is in line with our findings. However the amplitude of this component has significantly decreased for 3D condition with maximum vertical disparity compared to the 3D condition without vertical disparity. We have concluded that the perception of stereoscopic depth by subjects have decreased in this case due to the distortion introduced by vertical disparity. The underlying sources corresponding to P1 component are localized. Except for the power differences, the source locations do not differ for different conditions.
How to be polite in Indian English

La verbalisation de la politesse en anglais de l'Inde varie considerablement par rapport a l'anglais britannique ou americain. C'est ce que montre une analyse des formes d'adresse, de la verbalisation de la gratitude, de la phraseologie et des strategies de la politesse dans differentes varietes d'anglais natif et non-natif. Les formes de la politesse en anglais indien montrent une variation individuelle plus grande et un pourcentage plus faible de formes conventionnelles que celles de l'anglais britannique ou americain
Game Changers: The Role Athletic Identity and Racial Identity Play on Academic Performance

The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which athletic and racial identity predict the academic outcomes of Black student athletes participating in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 Football Bowl Series football. The academic outcomes of Black student athletes are a growing concern to both scholars and practitioners focused on improving the student athlete experience at this elite level of college sports. Results of this study indicate higher measures of athletic identity predict lower GPA. The racial identity attitude measures did not emerge as direct predictors of GPA in this study. Study findings and the implications for student athlete practitioners and future research are discussed.
Effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on employee knowledge sharing intentions

Numerous scholars and practitioners claim that motivational factors can facilitate successful knowledge sharing. However, little empirical research has been conducted examining the different kinds of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) used to explain employee knowledge sharing behaviors. By integrating a motivational perspective into the theory of reasoned action (TRA), this study examines the role of both extrinsic (expected organizational rewards and reciprocal benefits) and intrinsic (knowledge self-efficacy and enjoyment in helping others) motivators in explaining employee knowledge sharing intentions. Based on a survey of 172 employees from 50 large organizations in Taiwan, this study applies the structural equation modeling approach to investigate the research model. The results showed that motivational factors such as reciprocal benefits, knowledge self-efficacy, and enjoyment in helping others were significantly associated with employee knowledge sharing attitudes and intentions. However, expected organizational rewards did not significantly influence employee attitudes and behavior intentions regarding knowledge sharing. Implications for organizations are discussed.
Cultural Variations in Hopelessness, Optimism, and Suicidal Ideation: A Study of Ghana and U.S. College Samples

As a follow-up study on previous findings of cultural differences in responses to depressive mood, college students from Ghana and the United States completed measures of hopelessness, optimism, and suicidal ideation. Statistical analyses were performed to compare differences in means between the two countries. Compared to the U.S. sample, Ghanaian college students reported less feelings of hopelessness,t(179) = -3.365,p < . 001, and were significantly more optimistic,t(208) = 6.609,p < . 0001. Furthermore, the U.S. sample endorsed significantly more items on the suicidal ideation scale, t(207) = 2.121,p < . 035, than their Ghanaian counterparts. The role of factors such as cultural variations in an individual’s sense of belonging, social support, and expectancies is discussed in light of the present findings. Implications and directions for future research are also considered.
Smooth LASSO for Classification

The sparse model character of 1-norm penalty term of Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) can be applied to automatic feature selection. Since 1-norm SVM is also designed with 1-norm (LASSO) penalty term, this study labels it as LASSO for classification. This paper introduces the smooth technique into 1-norm SVM and calls it smooth LASSO for classification (SLASSO) to provide simultaneous classification and feature selection. In the experiments, we compare SLASSO with other approaches of “wrapper” and “filter” models for feature selection. Results showed that SLASSO has slightly better accuracy than other approaches with the desirable ability of feature suppression.