Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREDICTORS OF COMPLICATED GRIEF AMONG ADOLESCENTS EXPOSED TO A PEER'S SUICIDE

The purpose of this article is to examine the predictors of complicated grief, depression, and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adolescents exposed to the suicide of a peer. One hundred and forty six peers of adolescent suicide victims were interviewed at 6, 12–18, and 36 months following the suicide. The roles of previous psychiatric history, family history of psychiatric disorders, exposure to death, closeness of the relationship with the victim, and stressful life events were explored. Complicated grief shared some risk factors with depression and PTSD; however, each had their unique predictors. The present findings provide further evidence of the distinctiveness of these disorders.
The role of the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Although changes in the pulmonary vasculature are the primary cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), severity of symptoms and survival are strongly associated with right ventricular function, and right heart failure is the main cause of death in patients with PAH. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging allow noninvasive evaluation of right ventricular function and structure, and a number of indices have been shown to have potential prognostic value in PAH. Given the importance of the right ventricle in PAH, preservation and improvement of its function should be important aspects of therapy; however, there are currently few data specifically related to this aspect of treatment response. Simple, reproducible, noninvasive measures of right ventricular function would help to improve the management of patients with PAH, and to provide tools with which to help establish the optimal therapeutic approach to manage not only the effects of the disease on the pulmonary vasculature, but also to support and improve right ventricular function.
A comparison of two quick methods for identifying low‐progress readers: Teacher judgment versus curriculum‐based measurement

Teacher judgment (TJ) is frequently employed as the basis for selecting students in need of specialist help in reading. Two studies are presented in which TJ is compared with a quick alternative deriving from curriculum‐based measurement (CBM) that has been shown to be both highly reliable and valid. In the first study, 32 teachers of year two to year six classes were required to categorise their students into the top 25%, middle 50% and bottom 25% for reading performance. Compared with categorisation based on the more objective CBM measure, the mean accuracy of TJ was 67%, varying between 29% and 100%. In the second study, 24 teachers of year one to year five classes were required to categorise ten randomly selected students from their classes into the top three, middle four and bottom three for reading performance. Similar results were obtained with mean accuracy of TJ at 65%, varying between 20% and 100%. Taken together, the findings of the two studies suggest that reliance on TJ for instructional deci.
Reconstruction of composite tibial defect with free flaps and ipsilateral vascularized fibular transposition

Composite defects of the tibia following open fractures are among the most challenging of clinical problems. The aim of this study is to report the results of treatment using a free flap procedure followed by ipsilateral vascularized fibular transposition (IVFT) for reconstruction of composite tibial defects. Ten patients underwent a free flap procedure followed by IVFT and plating. The mean size of the flaps was 12.1 × 6 cm2. The mean length of bone defect was 5.35 cm. IVFT were performed 4.3 months following the free flap. Patients were followed for an average of 3.4 years. All flaps survived. The average time to union of the proximal and distal ends was 5.2 and 6.7 months, respectively. There were neither stress fractures of the transferred fibula nor recurrent infections. One patient demonstrated a medial angulation of 8° in the reconstructed tibia but experienced no difficulties in activities of daily living. At the last follow‐up time point, all patients were able to walk without an assist device and were satisfied with the preservation of the injured lower extremity. Free flap procedures followed by IVFT for the treatment of composite tibial defects may reduce complications at the recipient site and infections, such as osteomyelitis. The plating technique combined with IVFT allowed bone union without additional operations or stress fractures in our series. We suggest that staged free flap and IVFT is useful for the treatment of composite segmental tibial defects. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
Harmonic Power Flow Studies, Part I???Formulation and Solution

The conventional Newton-Raphson power flow study has been reformulated to permit the inclusion of nonlinear loads. These loads give rise to harmonic signals which propagate throughout the power system. The reformulation is based on the reduction to zero of the mismatch active power and reactive voltamperes, the imbalance current at harmonic frequencies, and the mismatch apparent Voltamperes. Conclusions on the existence of positive, negative, and zero sequence signals are made for harmonic frequencies. The harmonic power flow study formulation is illustrated for a three phase full wave bridge rectifier. A companion paper presents a discussion of the actual computer implementation and several practical examples.
Comparing the Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) Between African American and White Veterans with Chronic Hepatitis C

Objectives: The study of noninvasive markers of fibrosis, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelet ratio index (APRI), have been limited in African American populations. Given the disparate outcomes of chronic hepatitis C in African American populations, comparative analyses of the APRI score should be undertaken. Compare the diagnostic accuracy of the APRI score for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in a sample of African American and white veterans with chronic hepatitis C in the southeastern United States. Methods: We identified 268 veterans with chronic hepatitis C who had received a liver biopsy. The APRI score was calculated using laboratory values obtained within 180 days of liver biopsy and compared to the fibrosis stage (F0-F4). Performance characteristics of the APRI score for determining stages of fibrosis were compared in African American (n = 142) and white (n = 117) individuals. Results: An APRI score of 0.99 had a comparably high negative predictive value for significant fibrosis (F3-F4) in African American 0.90 and white veterans (0.83). For cirrhosis (F4), an APRI score of 1.0 provided a negative predictive value of 0.96 in the African American subset and 0.94 in the white subset. We did not detect any difference in the performance of the APRI score for predicting stages of fibrosis between the two groups. Conclusion: The APRI score displayed similar performance in African Americans and whites. A threshold of 1.0 can reliably exclude cirrhosis in African American veterans with chronic HCV infection.
Reflections on Youth Training: toward a new model of training experience?

Abstract This paper draws on a study of trainee attitudes to youth training in the Central England region. It is part of an ongoing research project, the second stage of which analyses training provider and employers’ attitudes. Drawing on a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches, this paper critically examines the apparent paradox of young people expressing positive attitudes about what they see as an imperfect scheme. Following on such discussion, the paper considers more effective ways of improving the youth training experience. Our conclusion is that while youth training has come a long way since the bad old days of the Youth Opportunities Scheme and the Youth Training Scheme, there remains significant room for improvement within existing limitations of the scheme. The research team sought to add value to the study by making a film of the research to enhance dissemination with end users, including schools, colleges, training providers, employers, careers service. Training and Enterpris.
COPING STYLES, STRESS LEVELS, AND THE OCCURRENCE OF SPONTANEOUS SIMPLE REMINISCENCE IN OLDER ADULT NURSING HOME RESIDENTS

This article reports the results of a preliminary descriptive correlational study developed to evaluate the relationships among coping styles, stress levels, and the occurrence of spontaneous simple reminiscence in a group of older adult nursing home residents. Several important issues that will affect future studies of these relationships were identified during the implementation and evaluation of this study. Identified stressors did not appear to contribute to the use of spontaneous simple reminiscence and subject recruitment was challenging. Suggestions for responding to these issues in future studies are offered.
Outgrowth of the pyramidal tract in the rat cervical spinal cord: Growth cone ultrastructure and guidance

In order to examine the mode of outgrowth of the pyramidal tract in the rat, the ultrastructure of its pathway in the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord was analysed. The analysis was performed by means of serial sections of the third cervical segment before and during the arrival of pyramidal tract axons, and focussed on the morphology and microenvironment of the growth cones. Growth cones appear as elongated terminal enlargements without side branches. Two zones could be discerned: the distal, usually lamellipodial fine granular zone, containing no organelles, except for an occasional clear vesicle; and the proximal organelle‐rich zone, which contains various organelles, such as agranular reticulum and vesicular structures. In addition, the proximal organelle‐rich zone contains round or elliptic structures, limited by two concentric membranes, that enclose reticular and vesicular elements. The electron density of these structures varied from as low as the surrounding growth cone matrix to as dark as lysosomal structures, suggesting their involvement in turnover processes.
The effects of acaricide treatment of sheep on red grouse Lagopus lagopus scotica tick burdens and productivity in a multi‐host system

Ixodes ricinus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) ticks are of economic and pathogenic importance across Europe. Within the uplands of the U.K., management to reduce ticks is undertaken to benefit red grouse Lagopus lagopus scotica (Galliformes: Phasianidae). Management strategies focus on the acaricide treatment of domestic sheep Ovis aries (Artiodactyla: Bovidae), but the effectiveness of this is less certain in the presence of wild hosts, particularly red deer Cervus elaphus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) and mountain hare Lepus timidus (Lagomorpha: Leporidae). This study examines the effects of sheep management on grouse tick burdens and productivity using sites with a range of wild host densities. Sites at which applications of acaricide were more frequent had lower tick burdens; this relationship was similar on sites with a range of deer densities. However, no direct link was detected between acaricide treatment interval and grouse productivity. Sites with higher deer densities had higher grouse tick burdens and lower productivity [mean ± standard error (SE) young : adult ratio: 1.2 ± 0.2] compared with sites with lower deer densities (mean ± SE young : adult ratio: 1.8 ± 0.1). Sites with higher grouse brood sizes and higher proportions of hens with broods were also those with higher mountain hare abundance indices. This study highlights the importance of the frequent treatment of sheep with acaricide to reduce tick burdens on grouse, even in the presence of wild hosts.
The Role of the Graphemic Buffer in Reading

We report the reading performance of an acquired dyslexic and dysgraphic whose impaired spelling had previously been shown to result from damage to the graphemic buffer. The analysis of this patient's errors in reading pseudowords indicates that this deficit may also be largely attributable to damage to a common graphemic buffer which is used both in reading and spelling words and pseudowords. The crucial evidence in favour of this hypothesis is the substantial presence of letter transposition errors in reading and spelling.
Investigating Fault Structure Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography

1 Electrical Resistivity Tomography 2 Inversion Analysis 8 The Los Osos Fault Zone 10 Data Acquisition 14 Results and Discussion 16 Conclusions 17 Figures 19 References 19 1 Abstract The resolving power of two-dimensional Direct Current (DC) Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is investigated in the context of shallow faults. Subsurface electrical resistivity data was collected perpendicular to a secondary fault scarp of the Los Osos Fault Zone with a Syscal KID Switch 24 resistivity meter and processed with Prosys II and Res2DInv software to produce two-dimensional cross sections of resistivity values via a smoothness-constrained least-squares optimization method. Comparison of ERT inversion results to a trench wall map of the same fault scarp suggest the location and dip direction of faults is resolvable, while detailed fault structure, such as dip angles, are not. These results show that non-invasive reconnaissance subsurface exploration with resistivity surveying is a valuable complementary tool to other shallow geophysical exploration methods such as refraction seismology.
Further insights into the pathogenesis of primary hyperparathyroidism: a nested case-control study.

CONTEXT The pathogenesis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to ascertain the plasma levels of calcium, PTH, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) as measured prior to a clinical diagnosis of PHPT. STUDY SUBJECTS Within three population-based cohorts, we identified participants diagnosed with PHPT after their inclusion. Cases (n = 117) were compared with age, gender, and season-matched controls (n = 233). RESULTS Time from inclusion until a diagnosis of PHPT was median 5.6 yr. Parathyroidectomy was performed in 97%. At the cohort inclusion, undiagnosed PHPT was present in 63% of the cases. Among those without PHPT at inclusion (n = 43), 55% had normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism (vs. 21% in the matched controls, P < 0.01), and 31% had normoparathyroid hypercalcemia. Overall, 25OHD levels were lower in the cases. Compared with their matched controls, 25OHD levels were lower in normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism but not in normoparathyroid hypercalcemia. An adenoma was removed from 78% of the cases with normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism, whereas 39% of the cases with normoparathyroid hypercalcemia had parathyroid hyperplasia (P = 0.02). Overlap performance showed a positive predictive value for later PHPT of 95% for plasma calcium levels greater than 2.52 mmol/liter. Excluding cases with vitamin D insufficiency, the positive predictive value for later PHPT was 83% for PTH levels greater than 5.0 pmol/liter. CONCLUSION Years prior to a clinical diagnosis of PHPT, calcium homeostasis shows signs of perturbations. Latent PHPT may be characterized by either normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism or normoparathyroid hypercalcemia. Such patients should be offered long-term follow-up to ascertain whether their biochemical profile represents an early state of PHPT.
Chemokine Transcripts as Targets of the RNA-Binding Protein HuR in Human Airway Epithelium

HuR is a regulator of mRNA turnover or translation of inflammatory genes through binding to adenylate-uridylate–rich elements and related motifs present in the 3′untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. We postulate that HuR critically regulates the epithelial response by associating with multiple ARE-bearing, functionally related inflammatory transcripts. We aimed to identify HuR targets in the human airway epithelial cell line BEAS-2B challenged with TNF-α plus IFN-γ, a strong stimulus for inflammatory epithelial responses. Ribonucleoprotein complexes from resting and cytokine-treated cells were immunoprecipitated using anti-HuR and isotype-control Ab, and eluted mRNAs were reverse-transcribed and hybridized to an inflammatory-focused gene array. The chemokines CCL2, CCL8, CXCL1, and CXCL2 ranked highest among 27 signaling and inflammatory genes significantly enriched in the HuR RNP-IP from stimulated cells over the control immunoprecipitation. Among these, 20 displayed published HuR binding motifs. Association of HuR with the four endogenous chemokine mRNAs was validated by single-gene ribonucleoprotein-immunoprecipitation and shown to be 3′UTR-dependent by biotin pull-down assay. Cytokine treatment increased mRNA stability only for CCL2 and CCL8, and transient silencing and overexpression of HuR affected only CCL2 and CCL8 expression in primary and transformed epithelial cells. Cytokine-induced CCL2 mRNA was predominantly cytoplasmic. Conversely, CXCL1 mRNA remained mostly nuclear and unaffected, as CXCL2, by changes in HuR levels. Increase in cytoplasmic HuR and HuR target expression partially relied on the inhibition of AMP-dependent kinase, a negative regulator of HuR nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. HuR-mediated regulation in airway epithelium appears broader than previously appreciated, coordinating numerous inflammatory genes through multiple posttranscriptional mechanisms.
Prevalence and management of hypertension in the inpatient setting: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) is a major cardiovascular risk factor yet control rates remain suboptimal. Thus, improving recognition, treatment, and control of HTN by focusing on novel populations such as hospitalized patients is warranted. Current consensus guidelines do not address inpatient HTN, and little is known about HTN prevalence or patterns of care in this setting. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of English-language studies published in 1976 or later that reported on HTN prevalence and care patterns among adult inpatients. We included MEDLINE-indexed randomized-controlled trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies that: (1) reported estimates of the prevalence of HTN in the inpatient setting, and (2) used HTN diagnosis or treatment as a primary focus. We excluded randomized, controlled trials that recorded measures of inpatient blood pressure but whose focus was not HTN. RESULTS We identified 9 studies meeting inclusion criteria, and in those studies, HTN was highly prevalent among inpatients, ranging from 50.5% to 72%. Intensification of antihypertensive treatment was inconsistent, and 37% to 77% of hypertensive patients remained hypertensive at the time of discharge. Most patients with inpatient HTN continued to have elevated blood pressures at outpatient follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Inpatient HTN is prevalent and a large percentage of those with this condition remain hypertensive at the time of discharge and at follow-up. The potential exists for improved recognition and treatment of newly diagnosed and known, but uncontrolled, HTN observed in the inpatient setting.
A Programmatic Description of a Social Skills Group for Young Children With Autism

Deficits in social skills are a common problem for children with autism. One method of developing appropriate social skills in children with autism has been group instruction. To date, however, group instruction has produced mixed results. The purpose of this article is to describe a promising method of teaching social skills to children in small groups.
Comparison of Methods for Detection of Blastocystis Infection in Routinely Submitted Stool Samples, and also in IBS/IBD Patients in Ankara, Turkey

Background This study compared diagnostic methods for identifying Blastocystis in stool samples, and evaluated the frequency of detection of Blastocystis in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results and Discussion From a set of 105 stool specimens submitted for routine parasitological analysis, 30 were identified as positive for Blastocystis by the culture method. From that group of 30 positives, Lugol's stain, trichrome staining, and an immunofluorescence assay identified 11, 15, and 26 samples as positive respectively. Using culture as a standard, the sensitivity of Lugol's stain was 36.7%, trichrome staining was 50%, and the IFA stain was 86.7%. The specificity of Lugol's stain was 91%, trichrome staining was 100%, and the IFA stain was 97.3%. In the group of 27 IBS and IBD patients, using all methods combined, we detected Blastocystis in 67% (18/27) of the patients. Blastocystis was detected in 33% (2/6) of IBD patients and 76% (16/21) of IBS patients. For comparison, trichrome staining alone, the method most frequently used in many countries, would have only identified Blastocystis infection in 29% (6/21) of the IBS patients. No parasitic co-infections were identified in the IBS/IBD patients. Most Blastocystis-positive IBS/IBD patients were over 36 with an average length of illness of 4.9 years. Conclusions Most IBS patients in this study were infected with Blastocystis. IFA staining may be a useful alternative to stool culture, especially if stool specimens have been chemically preserved.
Remaking South Beach: metropolitan gayborhood trajectories under homonormative entrepreneurialism

This paper contributes to research on metropolitan gayborhood trajectories and homonormative urban entrepreneurialism by assessing a South Florida case study. We probe allegations of gay men being displaced from South Beach and the opposing narrative of a sexually diverse city with undiminished appeal. To that end, we present expert informant interviews, participant observation, media archives, and census data showing that the remade gayborhood coexists and competes with other, more affordable LGBT nodes. While socioeconomic, demographic and cultural characteristics differentiate these clusters, exploratory spatial data analysis indicates that the majority of metropolitan same-sex households reside elsewhere. We acknowledge Miami Beach’s recent pro-equality efforts, yet argue that homonormative politics conditions them. Public–private actions adopt corporate formats, prioritizing tourist-oriented initiatives and spectacular events that promote nonthreatening, market-friendly forms of sexual dissidence. The conclusion discusses implications for queer community-building in metropolitan regions fragmented by socio-spatial inequality and competitive city-marketing catering to heterogeneous yet exclusive global audiences.