Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practical Data Prediction for Real-World Wireless Sensor Networks

Data prediction is proposed in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to extend the system lifetime by enabling the sink to determine the data sampled, within some accuracy bounds, with only minimal communication from source nodes. Several theoretical studies clearly demonstrate the tremendous potential of this approach, able to suppress the vast majority of data reports at the source nodes. Nevertheless, the techniques employed are relatively complex, and their feasibility on resource-scarce WSN devices is often not ascertained. More generally, the literature lacks reports from real-world deployments, quantifying the overall system-wide lifetime improvements determined by the interplay of data prediction with the underlying network. These two aspects, feasibility and system-wide gains, are key in determining the practical usefulness of data prediction in real-world WSN applications. In this paper, we describe derivative-based prediction (DBP), a novel data prediction technique much simpler than those found in the literature. Evaluation with real data sets from diverse WSN deployments shows that DBP often performs better than the competition, with data suppression rates up to 99 percent and good prediction accuracy. However, experiments with a real WSN in a road tunnel show that, when the network stack is taken into consideration, DBP only triples lifetime-a remarkable result per se, but a far cry from the data suppression rates above. To fully achieve the energy savings enabled by data prediction, the data and network layers must be jointly optimized. In our testbed experiments, a simple tuning of the MAC and routing stack, taking into account the operation of DBP, yields a remarkable seven-fold lifetime improvement w.r. t. the mainstream periodic reporting.
Explaining the Diversity of Industry Investment Responses to Uncertainty Using Long Run Panel Survey Data

This paper presents an empirical study of the channels of influence from uncertainty to fixed investment suggested by real options theory. Using panel data from the Confederation of British Industry (CBI) Industrial Trends Survey, we report OLS estimates of the impact of uncertainty on investment where the regressors are augmented by cross-sectional averages of the dependent variable and of the individual specific regressors, as recently suggested by Pesaran (2004). The cross-industry pattern of results is checked for consistency with the pattern predicted by real options theory, using a specially constructed data set of industrial characteristics. We find that irreversibility is able to predict the pattern detected, but only when combined with a measure of the information advantage of delay. There is also evidence for expansion options effects; industries with high R&D and advertising intensities tend to have positive uncertainty effects.
A study on the hydrochemical characteristics of middle-and large sized reservoirs in Shandong Province-The variations of major chemical factors and their usefulness for fish productivity assessment

Five most important factors (TN, TP, HD. lambdaand OCD)were selected for investigation in early spring and lete fall. The investigated factors of the reservoirs were mostly on a moderate or high level in comparison with the standard of general fresh waters. which in turn showed that the reservoirs are moderate to high in trophic status. It was also found that the levels of the factors exhibit an obvious yearly variation, chiefly because of the yearly difference in rainfall and input of water to the reservoirs. The results of correlation analysis show that TP is the major limiting nutrient in the resvoirs. And the relations between fish growth and levels of the chemical factors may be shown with regression equations.
AZIMUTHAL DEPENDENCE OF THE MICROWAVE EMISSION FROM FOAM GENERATED BY BREAKING WAVES AT 18.7 AND 37 GHz

The need to improve retrieval of the surface wind vector and sea surface temperature (SST) from WindSat and the upcoming NPOESS Conical Microwave Imager Sounder (CMIS) motivated measurements of the microwave emission from breaking waves, both on the open ocean and in a wave basin. Aircraft and satellite measurements have demonstrated that the wind direction dependence of ocean surface brightness temperatures is small, on the order of 1-3 K peak-to-peak. Therefore, the accuracy of wind vector retrieval depends strongly upon quantitative knowledge of the relationship of the ocean surface emissivity to surface properties, such as sea surface wave spectrum and wave breaking. The effects of the surface wave spectrum have been addressed by many studies, but the azimuthal dependence of the microwave emission from breaking waves and foam has not been adequately addressed. Recently, a number of experiments have been conducted to quantify the increase in sea surface microwave emission due to foam. The Polarimetric Observations of the Emissivity of Whitecaps EXperiment (POEWEX'04) was conducted during November 2004 to measure the azimuthal dependence of reproducible breaking waves in order to improve wind vector retrieval from spaceborne radiometric measurements, especially at wind speeds of 7 m/s and higher. The emissivity of breaking waves was shown to vary as a function of azimuth angle at four different WindSat frequencies
Fetal, Developmental, and Parental Influences on Childhood Systolic Blood Pressure in 600 Sib Pairs: The Uppsala Family Study

Background— Little is known about the contribution of maternal and paternal factors to the inverse association between birth weight and later blood pressure in human offspring. A study of within- and between-family associations of birth weight with blood pressure, which collected data on both parents, would address this gap in our knowledge. Methods and Results— The study examined families composed of mother, father, and 2 full sibs delivered between 38 and 41 weeks’ gestation within 36 months of each other. A total of 1967 families meeting our inclusion criteria were contacted and 602 were examined (children 5 to 14 years old, 1998 to 2000). Birth weight and gestational age were available from obstetric records. Systolic blood pressure in childhood was inversely associated with birth weight within families (−2.3 mm Hg/kg, 95% CI −4.4 to −0.3) after adjustment for gestational age, sex, height, and weight at examination. The between-family effect (−1.5 mm Hg/kg, −3.1 to 0.0) was strengthened on adjustment for maternal and paternal height and weight, whereas adjustment for paternal and maternal systolic blood pressure at examination independently attenuated the effect. Conclusions— The existence of an inverse association of birth weight with systolic blood pressure within families (adjusted for height and weight at examination) demonstrates that factors that vary between pregnancies in the same woman (including fetal genotype) can influence the later blood pressure of offspring. We conclude that this apparent fetal programming effect on blood pressure will not be eliminated solely by interventions aimed at modifying growth and cumulative nutritional status from conception through childhood or other fixed characteristics of future mothers.
Thickness and Echogenicity of the Skin in Children as Assessed by 20-MHz Ultrasound

Background: Skin anatomy and physiology undergo modifications throughout the whole lifespan. In children the skin appears with structural characteristics, as evaluated by histology, which differ from those of adults, especially in the first years of life. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate skin thickness and echogenicity at different sites in children by 20-MHz ultrasound. Methods: Eight skin sites of 42 children and 30 young adults were studied with a 20-MHz B scanner. Skin thickness and mean echogenicity were evaluated. The echographic images were processed and segmented by a dedicated program: the 0–30 amplitude interval, which marks the hypoechogenic parts of the tissue, and the 201–255 range, highlighting the hyperreflecting areas, have been selected. Results and Conclusion: Whereas skin thickness shows a gradual increase from birth to adulthood, maturation of the skin leads to variations in the intensity of its echogenicity, depending on the different skin areas. Whereas on the face and the trunk it appears lower in adults with respect to children, a gradual increase can be observed on the limbs with growing age. The distribution of skin reflectivity also greatly varies in different phases of life.
Time-lapse walkaway vertical seismic profile monitoring for CO2 injection at the SACROC enhanced oil recovery field: A case study

ABSTRACTGeologic carbon storage involves large-scale injections of carbon dioxide into underground geologic formations. Changes in reservoir properties resulting from CO2 injection and migration can be characterized using monitoring methods with time-lapse seismic data. To achieve economical monitoring, vertical seismic profile (VSP) data are often acquired to survey the local injection area. We investigated the capability of walkaway VSP monitoring for CO2 injection into an enhanced oil recovery field at SACROC, West Texas. VSP data sets were acquired in 2008 and 2009, and CO2 injection took place after the first data acquisition. Because the receivers were located above the injection zone, only reflection data contain the information from the reservoir. Qualitative comparison between reverse-time migration images at different times revealed vertical shifts of the reflectors’ center, indicating the presence of velocity changes. We examined two methods to quantify the changes in velocity: standard full-wa.
Bounding the number of stable homotopy types of a parametrized family of semi‐algebraic sets defined by quadratic inequalities

We prove a nearly optimal bound on the number of stable homotopy types occurring in a k‐parameter semi‐algebraic family of sets in Rℓ, each defined in terms of m quadratic inequalities. Our bound is exponential in k and m, but polynomial in ℓ. More precisely, we prove the following. Let R be a real closed field and let 𝒫 = {P1, … , Pm} ⊂ R[Y1, … ,Yℓ,X1, … ,Xk], with degY(Pi) ⩽ 2, degX(Pi) ⩽ d, 1 ⩽ i ⩽ m. Let S ⊂ Rℓ+k be a semi‐algebraic set, defined by a Boolean formula without negations, with atoms of the form P ⩾ 0, P ⩽ 0, P ∈ 𝒫. Let π : Rℓ+k → Rk be the projection on the last k coordinates. Then the number of stable homotopy types amongst the fibers Sx = π−1(x) ∩ S is bounded by (2mℓkd)O(mk).
Caracterização e atributos da vegetação herbácea em um fragmento de Caatinga no Estado de Sergipe, Brasil

RESUMO Espera-se que variações nos fatores ambientais sejam responsáveis pela diversificação das plantas herbáceas na Caatinga. Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se caracterizar a vegetação herbácea quanto à composição, similaridade e estrutura, em um fragmento de Caatinga em Poço Verde, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Além disso, avaliou-se a influência da precipitação na riqueza entre diferentes áreas de Caatinga. A amostragem foi realizada por meio de 30 subparcelas, além de coletas adicionais de plantas no seu entorno. Foram encontradas 80 espécies, sendo 43% típicas de áreas antropizadas de Caatinga. Entre as áreas de Caatinga, a precipitação não explicou a variação de riqueza; os valores de similaridade foram determinados pela heterogeneidade ambiental. A diversidade Shannon-Wiener e a equabilidade de Pielou encontraram-se dentro da faixa esperada para áreas antropizadas de Caatinga. Com base em evidências suportadas por outros estudos, acredita-se que a antropização modificou a estrutura e a composição da vegetação herbácea, razão pela qual se recomendam ações de conservação.
Universal Knight shift anomaly in the periodic Anderson model

Here, we report a Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo investigation which quantifies the behavior of the susceptibility and the entropy in the framework of the periodic Anderson model (PAM), focussing on the evolution with different degree of conduction electron (c) -local moment (f) hybridization. These results capture the behavior observed in several experiments, including the universal behavior of the NMR Knight shift anomaly below the crossover temperature, T*. We find that T* is a measure of the onset of c-f correlations and grows with increasing hybridization. Our results suggest that the NMR Knight shift and spin-lattice relaxation rate measurements in non-Fermi liquid materials are strongly influenced by temperature-dependent hybridization processes. Furthermore, our results provide a microscopic basis for the phenomenological two-fluid model of Kondo lattice behavior, and its evolution with pressure and temperature.
Effects of active and passive smoking on the development of cardiovascular disease as assessed by a carotid intima‐media thickness examination in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Carotid intima‐media thickness has been widely used as a surrogate end‐point for cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. This study aimed to assess the effects of active and passive smoking exposure on the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seven hundred twenty‐two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited for the study. A standardized questionnaire on smoking status, pack‐years of smoking, and the number of years of smoking cessation was provided to the patients, and their responses were collected for analysis. The carotid intima‐media thickness, carotid plaque, and the internal diameter of the common carotid artery were determined by high‐resolution B‐mode ultrasonography. Compared to non‐smokers, passive female smokers had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (odds ratio = 3.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–9.49, P = 0.009); they also had a significantly larger common carotid artery (P = 0.041) and risk of carotid plaque (odds ratio = 2.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.1980–4.0505, P = 0.01). Both active and passive male smokers had a significantly greater carotid intima‐media thickness than non‐smokers (P = 0.003 and P = 0.005, respectively). Male active smokers had a significantly higher risk of carotid plaque (odds ratio = 2.88, 95% confidence interval: 1.4788–5.6094, P = 0.001). In conclusion, cumulative active and passive smoking exposures are significant risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our results highlight the importance of endorsing a smoke‐free environment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Factors impacting participation of European elite deaf athletes in sport

Abstract This study examine 53 European elite deaf athletes for their family's hearing status, use of hearing aids, communication preference, education in integrated or segregated settings, family members' encouragement for participation in sports, coach preference (hearing or deaf), and conditions for competitive events with deaf or hearing athletes. These data were gathered through semi-structured interviews administered in the athlete's native language. Deaf athletes reported that when given the opportunity to compete with hearing athletes, it enhanced their opportunity for competition. Participating in sports with hearing athletes played an important role in the integration of deaf athletes into mainstream society. If adaptations to communication can be made in these integrated settings, the ability of deaf athletes to participate in such settings will increase.
Transfer Learning for Multi-language Twitter Election Classification

Both politicians and citizens are increasingly embracing social media as a means to disseminate information and comment on various topics, particularly during significant political events, such as elections. Such commentary during elections is also of interest to social scientists and pollsters. To facilitate the study of social media during elections, there is a need to automatically identify posts that are topically related to those elections. However, current studies have focused on elections within English-speaking regions, and hence the resultant election content classifiers are only applicable for elections in countries where the predominant language is English. On the other hand, as social media is becoming more prevalent worldwide, there is an increasing need for election classifiers that can be generalised across different languages, without building a training dataset for each election. In this paper, based upon transfer learning, we study the development of effective and reusable election classifiers for use on social media across multiple languages. We combine transfer learning with different classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which make use of word embedding representations for each social media post. We generalise the learned classifier models for cross-language classification by using a linear translation approach to map the word embedding vectors from one language into another. Experiments conducted over two election datasets in different languages show that without using any training data from the target language, linear translations outperform a classical transfer learning approach, namely Transfer Component Analysis (TCA), by 80% in recall and 25% in F1 measure.
Evidence for asynchronous development of sleep in cortical areas

WE have recorded from extrastriate area V4 in monkeys performing a visual search task. When animals became tired or drowsy, responses to visual stimulation were often reduced or even completely blocked, and background activity changed to the burst-pause pattern typically seen in sleep. In spite of such neuronal sleep observed in V4, animals continued to perform the visual task, indicating that at least the primary visual cortex was still working. This observation shows that sleep does not develop simultaneously in all cortical areas but may affect some areas earlier than others. In particular conditions, local sleep of certain areas may be a stable and long-lasting phenomenon.
5‐Lipoxygenase Gene Variants Are Not Associated With Atherosclerosis or Incident Coronary Heart Disease in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Cohort

Background The arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase enzyme plays a crucial role in mediating inflammation to maintain homeostasis, yet certain allelic variants of the 5‐lipoxygenase gene, ALOX5, may increase risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Further, relations between ALOX5 and disease outcomes may be enhanced or attenuated depending on the bioavailability of 5‐lipoxygenase enzyme substrates. By using a candidate gene approach in 6153 Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants, associations were determined among 1348 ALOX5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) as well as incident CHD, and interactions with plasma concentrations of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid were tested. Methods and Results Multivariable linear regression was used to test for associations between cIMT and ALOX5 SNPs, and Cox regression was used for incident CHD. Bonferroni correction was used for multiple hypothesis testing. No significant associations between ALOX5 SNPs and cIMT or CHD events were observed. Levels of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid concentrations did not modify the relations of ALOX5 with either outcome. Conclusions ALOX5 gene variants do not appear to be related to clinical CHD events or subclinical atherosclerosis regardless of bioavailable enzyme substrate levels in this multiethnic cohort. Further studies that directly examine protein expression or enzyme activity may better define the arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase pathway in disease development and progression.
Electron density-functional theory and x-ray structure factors.

For an electronic system, assume that a single-determinant wave function \ensuremath{\Psi} is to be formed from N space orbitals which, in turn, are constructed from M real one-electron basis orbitals ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{1}$,. ,${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{M}$. It is shown that N(M-N) is the minimum number of x-ray diffraction data points that are necessary to fix both \ensuremath{\Psi} and the density n uniquely. Moreover, it is shown that N(M-N) is the minimum number of linearly independent products, ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{i}$${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{j}$, that are necessary to fix \ensuremath{\Psi} uniquely from an n. Density-functional theory is invoked to put forth a prescription and formulas for approximating the exact ground-state energy, including correlation effects, and for extracting a meaningful \ensuremath{\Psi} from a ground-state n, even when \ensuremath{\Psi} is not unique. In this context, emphasis is placed upon the Kohn-Sham \ensuremath{\Psi} and its kinetic energy ${T}_{s}$ and upon the universal correlation ${E}_{c}$ and exchange ${E}_{x}$ energy-density functionals. A finite-basis procedure for the approximation of ${T}_{s}$[n] is presented. It is then shown that only ${T}_{s}$[n] and ${E}_{c}$[n] are needed to obtain the exact total ground-state energy from a ground-state n. ${E}_{x}$[n] need not be employed at all. For instance, in Coulomb systems at equilibrium E=-${T}_{s}$[n]+${E}_{c}$[n]-Fdr ${v}_{c}$(r)\ensuremath{\nabla}\ensuremath{\cdot}rn(r), where ${v}_{c}$ is the correlation potential.
Differential gene expression in human hematopoietic stem cells specified toward erythroid, megakaryocytic, and granulocytic lineage

To better understand the transcriptional program that accompanies orderly lineage‐specific hematopoietic differentiation, we analyzed expression changes during the lineage‐specific differentiation of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC; CD34+/CD38–/CD33–); HSC and multipotent myeloid progenitors (MMP; CD34+/CD38–/CD33+) were isolated from the bone marrow of healthy individuals by MACS. CD34+ cells in semi‐solid culture were stimulated with the cytokines erythropoietin, IL‐6, and G‐CSF to promote differentiation to committed erythroid, megakaryocytic, and granulocytic clones, respectively. Differential display RT‐PCR analysis was performed to compare the mRNA transcripts in HSC, MMP, and the committed lineage‐specific clones derived from these committed lineage‐specific progenitors. Expressed sequence tags (n=256), which were differentially expressed, were identified. One hundred ninety‐four were homologous to known genes, and some were associated with hematopoiesis. These known genes were classified as involved in transcription/translation, signal transduction, cell surface receptors/ligands, cell signaling, cell metabolism, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and oncogenesis. We identified genes, which were up‐ or down‐regulated specifically in the lineage‐committed clones compared with HSC or/and MMP, suggesting that specific gene activation and repression might be necessary for specific lineage commitment and differentiation. Our data provide an extensive transcriptional profile of human hematopoiesis during in vitro, lineage‐specific differentiation.
Punching Strength of Reinforced Concrete Footings

This study investigates the punching shear behavior of reinforced concrete footings. Punching tests were conducted on 17 reinforced concrete footings were tested to study the parameters assumed to affect the punching shear strength of footings. These parameters included shear span-depth ratio (a/d), concrete strength, and punching shear reinforcement. The (a/d) ranged between 1.25 and 2.0, while the concrete strength ranged between 20 and 40 MPa (2.9 and 5.8 ksi). To study the effect of soil-structure interaction, five footings were realistically supported on sand. The remaining specimens were supported on a column stub and a uniform surface load was applied. The present experimental investigations indicated that the angle of the failure shear crack is steeper in punching tests on compact footings than observed in tests on more slender slabs. Furthermore, the (a/d) significantly affects the punching shear capacity. The provisions of ACI and Eurocode 2 are evaluated by comparing them with experimental results. Modifications are proposed to overcome the deficiencies of these codes.