Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Exposure to Differing Amounts of Misinformation and Source Credibility Perception on Source Monitoring and Memory Accuracy

Although it is well known that exposure to misinformation after an event can alter memory, less known are the effects of being presented with different amounts of misinformation. The present study examined (a) how exposure to different amounts of misinformation affects memory, (b) how sensitively individuals monitor the accuracy of a (mis)information source, (c) whether perceived credibility of the misinformation source mediates the relations between misinformation exposure and memory accuracy, (d) whether perceived source credibility is associated with improved source monitoring, and (e) how exposure to different amounts of misinformation affects the ability to accurately assess one’s own memory performance. Participants watched a mock crime video, were exposed to a misleading narrative about the video containing 20%, 50%, or 80% misinformation, completed a memory test, and rated the credibility of the misinformation source and their own memory performance. Receiving more misinformation decreased memory accuracy. Interestingly, receiving more misinformation also led subjects to become more skeptical of the credibility of the narrative, dampening the negative effect of misinformation on memory accuracy. In addition, individuals’ perceptions of the source’s credibility and source monitoring accuracy were negatively associated. Lastly, participants’ performance estimates and confidence were well calibrated to their actual performance, except when they were misled, supporting the idea that misinformed responses are more difficult to monitor. Participants also tended to overestimate their accuracy, particularly when they performed poorly.
O status social do contador no Brasil

A globalizacao tem demandado profissionais aptos a atuar em mercados competitivos. Neste cenario dinâmico no qual as organizacoes estao constantemente revendo suas estrategias de negocios, os profissionais da Contabilidade tambem necessitam desenvolver competencias que os habilitem a desempenhar seu papel satisfatoriamente. De fato, organismos nacionais e internacionais vinculados a profissao tem realizado esforcos para o aperfeicoamento da profissao. O objetivo desta pesquisa e verificar como o mercado profissional esta avaliando o contador e a Contabilidade no atual ambiente de negocios. A presente pesquisa e uma contribuicao ao estudo da profissao do Contador no Brasil, tendo como foco a evolucao do prestigio da profissao. Foi realizado um estudo sobre a institucionalizacao da profissao no Brasil, a criacao das entidades de classe, a regulamentacao do curso superior em Ciencias Contabeis e os esforcos para o delineamento e melhoria da formacao profissional. A fundamentacao teorica se baseia na sociologia das profissoes. Para analisar o prestigio da profissao, foram utilizados conceitos das teorias weberianas sobre classe e status e teorias neoweberianas sobre classes sociais e ocupacoes. O estudo e de natureza exploratoria pois foram utilizados dados e informacoes com o objetivo de explicar o delineamento da profissao e o prestigio ocupacional alcancado pelos profissionais. Para o estudo da profissao, foi utilizado o procedimento de pesquisa documental. O procedimento utilizado para avaliacao do status da profissao foi o de entrevistas semiestruturadas, as quais foram analisadas com base no metodo de analise de conteudo. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a percepcao do mercado profissional acerca do contador esta fortemente impactada pelos aspectos tecnicos da profissao. No entanto, observou-se baixa percepcao relativa a atuacao mais ativa dos contadores no processo decisorio, em virtude de pouco entendimento do negocio e comunicacao deficiente. Pelo seu carater exploratorio, iniciou-se no mercado profissional e tem a pretensao de contribuir com a Academia e as Instituicoes ligadas a profissao, no sentido de sugerir formas de aperfeicoamento profissional que possam ser utilizadas para alinhar programas de treinamento, formacao e educacao continuada.
Onion Skin or Common Drive?

A motor unit (MU), which consists of a single motoneuron (MN) and the muscle fibers it innervates, is an essential element of the motor control system. The knowledge in this field, collected over decades, is based on research conducted on both animal and human model systems. Experiments on animals allow direct measurement of the MN characteristics and the contractile properties of the muscle fibers it innervates. Thus, all essential information on the properties of the basic elements of the motor system was obtained from animal studies. In contrast, experiments performed on human subjects, which for obvious reasons rely on indirect methods, study intact MUs in their physiological environment during voluntary contractions. Both types of model systems are complementary, because each system collects information that is difficult or impossible to obtain in the other model system. Not all results from animal studies can be verified in human experiments, but we see no reason to think that the basic principles of motor control are different in animals and human subjects. The control of muscle force involves two essential mechanisms: MU recruitment and rate coding. Earlier studies in motor control provide detailed information on both mechanisms. These studies show that MNs are recruited in an orderly fashion from smallest to largest, as seen in animal muscles (Henneman, 1957; Henneman et al., 1974), and in human muscles (Milner-Brown et al., 1973a,b). For an in depth review on the different aspects of orderly recruitment of MN, see Bawa et al. (2014). In cats, motor units were classified by Burke et al. (1973) on the basis of their twitch contraction time into: (i) slow (S), innervated by the smallest MNs, (ii) fast fatigable (FF), innervated by largest MNs, and (iii) fast resistant to fatigue (FR), controlled by MNs of intermediate size. Slow MUs, recruited at the lowest force levels, are practically not fatigable and may function for several hours, while FF MUs are recruited at the highest force levels for short amounts of time. In human muscles, the results concerning MU recruitment order were inconclusive. In studies by Macefield et al. (1996) and Bigland-Ritchie et al. (1998), no correlation between MU size and contraction speed was found, whereas Milner-Brown et al. (1973a) reported that the larger, higher-threshold MUs tend to have shorter contraction times than the smaller, lower-threshold ones. Since the former studies did not measure recruitment threshold, we may assume that human MUs recruited close …
Removal of impulse noise using Histogram-based Localized Wiener Filter for MR brain image restoration

Medical Imaging is one of the important technique which plays a major role in diagnosis of diseases which are present inside of our body. These medical images are produced by many imaging modalities such as, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound(US) and X-ray. Mostly these medical images are corrupted by noise during image acquisition and transmission process. The noise present in the image degrades visual quality and it affects the accuracy of segmentation result. In this paper, we present a method called Histogram-based Localized Wiener Filter (HLWF) to denoise MR brain image. This method is tested with the brain images obtained from IBSR and IDEA GROUP database. The performance of this method is quantatively evaluated by calculating the Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value. The output of the proposed method is then compared with the existing method such as Anisotropic Diffusion Filter (ADF), Bilateral Filter (BLF), Non-Local Mean Filter (NLMF) and Wiener Filter (WF). Experimental results show that the proposed method gives better result on denoising of impulsive noises in medical images compared to the existing methods.
Toxicity Evaluation of Graphene Oxide in Kidneys of Sprague-Dawley Rats

Recently, graphene and graphene-related materials have attracted a great deal of attention due their unique physical, chemical, and biocompatibility properties and to their applications in biotechnology and medicine. However, the reports on the potential toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) in biological systems are very few. The present study investigated the response of kidneys in male Sprague-Dawley rats following exposure to 0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/Kg GO for five days. The results showed that administration of GOs significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in a dose-dependent manner in the kidneys compared with control group. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were also significantly increased in rats intoxicated with GO compared with the control group. There was a significant elevation in the levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydro peroxide in GOs-treated rats compared to control animals. Histopathological evaluation showed significant morphological alterations of kidneys in GO-treated rats compared to controls. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that GO is nephrotoxic and its toxicity may be mediated through oxidative stress. In the present work, however, we only provided preliminary information on toxicity of GO in rats; further experimental verification and mechanistic elucidation are required before GO widely used for biomedical applications.
Location-Independent Coverage in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor networks are envisioned as tiny powerconstrained devices, that can be scattered over a region of interest, to enable monitoring of that region for an extended period of time. The sensor devices are envisioned to be capable of forming an autonomous wireless network, over which sensed data can be delivered to a specified set of destinations. While this describes the basic skeleton of a wireless sensor network, there are several properties that a sensor network must satisfy before it can be used in a meaningful application. One property, desired in the context of several applications, is coverage. Briefly, coverage can be defined as the ability to monitor every point on the region of interest, by at least one sensor. In this paper, we discuss the broad problem of coverage in wireless sensor networks, and identify the large dependence on infrastructure (e.g., GPS, directional antennas, etc.) in existing solutions. To eliminate the reliance on infrastructure, we propose a energy efficient distributed protocol that aims to preserve coverage by exploiting local neighborhood information. Our protocol has the capability to turn off nodes that are not required to preserve coverage, while ensuring that the responsibility of maintaining coverage is fairly distributed among all the sensor nodes. Turning off redundant nodes can conserve energy, increasing sensing lifetime of the entire system – a crucial goal of most sensor networks. Through geometric analysis, we have shown that our protocol can efficiently preserve coverage (when feasible). Our initial simulation results are highly encouraging, confirming the possibility of preserving coverage in the absence of external infrastructure.
UCL SSEES Centre for Comparative Economics Governance Structures in Russian manufacturing : assessment using sample survey data

The analysis of governance structures in Russian manufacturing does not only enable exploring the industrial organization and upgrading of companies, but also brings forefront the transaction costs faced by market participants. From this perspective, it is important to examine Russian industries, since models of organizational structure have been developing in Russia only within the last 20 years, under the influence of transaction costs associated with the transition economy. Despite the importance of governance structures within the framework of analysis of markets, competition, and inter-firm cooperation in transition economy, the model of Russian organizational structure has been studied insufficiently. The main objective of this work is to fill the gaps in studies of alternative governance mechanisms in Russian industries, and to review organization and behavior of enterprises as a part of hierarchical, market, and hybrid models. The empirical analysis is based on the data obtained from interviews of Russia’s mid-sized manufacturing enterprises. Preliminary results show that, first, in contrary to expectation, hierarchical governance does not prevail in the manufacturing industries, and second, governance structures affect organization of corporate control, willingness to priceand non-price competition, investment decisions, incentives and possibilities to upgrade and also the assessment of contract risk and contract protection in directions predicted by institutional theory and theory of value chain. JEL classification numbers: L14, L23, P23
Using web systems for e-procurement: an extension of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology

This paper is research in progress on an extension of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to web systems usage for e-procurement. Focusing on business-to-business transactions, this research explores an extended version of the UTAUT that integrates core drivers and deterrents of web systems usage and investigates the consequence of such usage on corporate buyers. Data collected from 136 corporate buyers from over 120 organizations helped with the validation of the instrument. Intermediary results from a cluster analysis show differences among respondents that improve our understanding web-based procurement practice.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KREATIF MATEMATIS SERTA MENGEMBANGKAN EFIKASI DIRI SISWA SMA MELALUI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KONFLIK KOGNITIF

Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmendapatkanperbedaan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematikdan pengembanganefikasi diri siswa SMApadamaterigeometri, antara siswa yang memperoleh strategi pembelajaran Konflik Kognitif dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan Metode Campuran (Mixed Method) tipe penyisipan (Embedded Design). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XII MIIAdi SMA Alfa Centauri Bandung. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih sebanyak 2 kelas dari kelas XII MIIA. Kelas eksperimen memperoleh strategi pembelajaran KonflikKognitif dan kelas kontrol memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen penelitian meliputi tes berpikir kritis, tes berpikir kreatif, angket efikasidiri, pedoman observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) peningkatan kemampuanberpikir kritis dan kreatif matematik peserta didik yang memperoleh strategi pembelajaran Konflik Kognitif lebih tinggi daripada peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran matematika secara konvensional; (2)pengembangan efikasi dirimatematikpeserta didik yang memperoleh strategi pembelajaran Konflik Kognitif lebih baik daripada peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran matematika secara konvensional;(3)terdapat hubungan salingmemperkuatsecarapositif antara berpikir kritis dengan berpikir kreatif, antara kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan efikasi diri, serta antara kemampuan berpikir kreatif dengan efikasi diri. Kata kunci: StrategipembelajaranKonflikKognitif, kemampuan berpikir kritismatematik, kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematik danefikasidiri
PENGARUH PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MULTIMEDIA TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH DAN HASIL BELAJAR PSIKOMOTOR SISWA KELAS XI SMA

This study conducted a quasi-experiment to determine whether the PjBL can increase problem solving abilities and psychomotor skills of students. Data analysis was performed using SPSS obtained from the pretest and posttest students. Based on the results of the analysis, problem-solving skills of students experienced a significant increase of 15.17% with a corrected value of 58.12 in the control group and an increase of 31.27% with a corrected value of 68.65 in the experimental class. Psychomotor Skills students experienced a significant increase of 0.53% with a corrected value of 52.58 in the control group and 10.92% in the experimental class with a corrected value of 66.16. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah PjBL dapat meningkatkan keterampilan memecahkan masalah dan hasil belajar psikomotor siswa. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan SPSS yang diperoleh dari hasil pretes dan postes siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan, keterampilan memecahkan masalah siswa mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan sebesar 15,17% dengan nilai terkoreksi sebesar 58,01 pada kelas kontrol dan peningkatan sebesar 31,27% dengan nilai terkoreksi sebesar 68,65 pada kelas eksperimen. Hasil belajar psikomotor siswa mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan sebesar 0,53% dengan nilai terkoreksi 52,58 pada kelas kontrol dan 10,92% pada kelas eksperimen dengan nilai terkoreksi sebesar 66,16.
Game-Theoretic Modeling and Optimization of Contention-Prone Medium Access Phase in IEEE 802.16/WiMAX Networks

IEEE 802.16/WiMAX is an emerging standard for broadband wireless networks. It operates in both point-to-multipoint (PMP) and mesh modes. In the former, a number of subscriber stations communicate directly with a central base station. Although it supports different traffic classes characterized by distinct QoS requirements, the simplest is the best effort traffic. In this class, the subscriber stations first send bandwidth requests to the base station in a contention prone manner. Once the desired bandwidth is granted, scheduled transmissions take place. With increasing number of subscriber stations, due to media contention, collisions increase causing high loss to request packets and hence fall in data throughput. In this paper we address the issue by designing a new medium access control protocol GTMA for this random access phase, using ideas from non-cooperative game theory. We show that the resulting game converges to a unique non-trivial Nash equilibrium. NS-2 simulations confirm the reduction in packet collisions and consequent increase in system-wide data throughput and improvement in short-term fairness. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first applications of game-theoretic ideas in the explicit setting of contention control in IEEE 802.16/WiMAX networks.
Characteristic Patterns of Brain Activation in Adults with Developmental Stuttering in Reading Katakana Words Aloud

To elucidate the neural basis of stuttering, brain activation for reading words was compared between adults who do and do not stutter (AWS/ANS) with functional MRI. Japanese native speakers read aloud familiar (F), unfamiliar (U) and pseudo(P) words of 4 or 5 syllables. P contained much fewer native syllable sequences than F or U. F primarily activated the left angular/supramarginal gyri (lAG/SMG), U Broca’s area, and P the left ventral premotor/motor areas (lvPMA/MA), respectively, in ANS. AWS showed lower activation in lAG/SMG and Broca’s area, but higher activation in lvPMA/MA, implying that AWS cannot read native syllable sequences as efficiently as ANS.
Fibroscan Compared to FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT Ratio for Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Saudi Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is being increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic liver disease. It has also been associated with devastating outcomes such as decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Objectives This study was conducted in order to assess liver fibrosis using Fibroscan, and to compare these results to the use of Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores, AST platelet ratio index (APRI scores), and the AST/ALT ratios on NAFLD patients. Patients and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted on NAFLD patients who underwent Fibroscan examinations between September 1, 2011 and June 30, 2014. Demographic data was collected, including sex, age, and nationality; serum alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT, 30 - 65 U/L), serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (AST, 15 - 37 U/L), and platelet counts (150 - 400 k/μL) were also determined. The stages of fibrosis (F0 1 - 6, F1 6.1 - 7, F2 7 - 9, F3 9.1 - 10.3, and F4 ≥ 10.4) were defined in kPa. For each patient, the AST/ALT ratio was also measured. The results of APRI and FIB-4 were compared with the Fibroscan fibrosis scores. Results The results of 122 patients were analyzed, including 65 (53.3%) males with a mean age of 50.2 years (SD: 13.7; range: 18 - 86). The males were significantly younger than the females (48.7 years (SD: 16.03) versus 51.8 years (SD: 10.3 P = 0.05), respectively). The mean stiffness score was 12.02 (SD: 12.7) kPa. Forty-four patients (36%) had advanced fibrosis. The mean platelet and serum ALT levels were normal. There was a significant positive correlation between the Fibroscan results and the AST/ALT ratios, the APRI scores, and the FIB-4 results. Similarly, there was a significant positive correlation between age and fibrosis score, and a significant negative correlation between platelet count and stiffness score. Conclusions The data showed that more than one-third of the cohort exhibited advanced fibrosis, demonstrating the need for the early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD. The use of Fibroscan with other serum markers has been shown to be helpful for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis.
Associations among Elementary School Children’s Actual Motor Competence, Perceived Motor Competence, Physical Activity and BMI: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Positive associations between motor competence and physical activity have been identified by means of variable-centered analyses. To expand the understanding of these associations, this study used a person-centered approach to investigate whether different combinations (i.e., profiles) of actual and perceived motor competence exist (aim 1); and to examine differences in physical activity levels (aim 2) and weight status (aim 3) among children with different motor competence-based profiles. Materials and Methods Children’s (N = 361; 180 boys = 50%; Mage = 9.50±1.24yrs) actual motor competence was measured with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 and their perceived motor competence via the Self Perception Profile for Children. We assessed physical activity via accelerometers; height through stadiometers, and weight through scales. Cluster analyses (aim 1) and MANCOVAs (aim 2 & 3) were used to analyze the data. Results The analysis generated two predictable groups: one group displaying relatively high levels of both actual (M TGMD-2 percentile = 42.54, SD = 2.33) and perceived motor competence (M = 3.42, SD = .37; high-high), and one group with relatively low levels of both (M percentile = 9.71, SD = 3.21; M PMC = 2.52, SD = .35; low-low). One additional group was also identified as having relatively low levels of actual motor competence (M percentile = 4.22, SD = 2.85) but relatively high levels of perceived motor competence (M = 3.52, SD = .30; low-high). The high-high group demonstrated higher daily physical activity (M = 48.39±2.03) and lower BMI (M = 18.13±.43) than the low-low group (MMVPA = 37.93±2.01; MBMI = 20.22±.42). The low-high group had similar physical activity-levels as the low-low group (M = 36.21±2.18) and did not significantly differ in BMI (M = 19.49±.46) from the other two groups. Conclusions A combination of high actual and perceived motor competence is related to higher physical activity and lower weight status. It is thus recommended to expand health interventions in children with components that foster the development of both actual and perceived motor competence. Health professionals should furthermore pay sufficient attention to endorsing children’s actual and perceived motor competence.