Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histone Demethylase JMJD2A Regulates Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Replication and Is Targeted by a Viral Transcriptional Factor

ABSTRACT The switch between the latency and lytic cycles of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is accompanied by specific alterations of histone codes. Recently, comprehensive analysis of histone modifications of KSHV showed the deposition of H3K27me3 across the KSHV genome with two specific regions occupied by the heterochromatin marker H3K9me3. Here, we show that knockdown of JMJD2A, an H3K9me3 demethylase, attenuates viral titers, whereas its overexpression increases KSHV reactivation. JMJD2A is localized in regions of latent viral chromosomes that are deficient in the H3K9me3 mark, indicating that JMJD2A may be responsible for the low level of this mark on viral chromatin. The presence of JMJD2A on the latent genome maintains H3K9 in unmethylated form and signals the readiness of specific sets of viral genes to be reactivated. The demethylase activity of JMJD2A is important for KSHV reactivation, because a demethylase-deficient mutant cannot restore the JMJD2A knockdown phenotype. Interestingly, we found that the KSHV encoded K-bZIP associated with JMJD2A, resulting in the inhibition of demethylase activity of JMJD2A both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of JMJD2A by K-bZIP is likely due to a physical interaction which blocks substrate accessibility. A consequence of such an inhibition is increasing global levels of H3K9me3 and gene silencing. Consistently, K-bZIP overexpression resulted in a repression of ∼80% of the ≥2-fold differentially regulated genes compared to results for the uninduced control cells. The consequences of K-bZIP targeting JMJD2A during viral replication will be discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a viral product shown to be a potent inhibitor of a host cellular histone demethylase.
Ocular microtremor measurement using laser-speckle metrology

Abstract. We describe a novel, noninvasive measurement approach for recording a small involuntary tremor of the eye known as ocular microtremor. The method is based on measuring out-of-plane angular displacements of a target by using laser-speckle correlation of images recorded in the Fourier plane of a lens. The system has a dynamic range of 4 to 5000 μrad, resolution of 4 μrad, and a bandwidth of 250 Hz. The design and optimization of the system is presented with an in vitro validation of the system against its specification.
School engagement in the Project Energize health intervention programme. ‘What works, what does not work, what next?'

Rates of overweight and obesity have continued to rise amongst primary school children including those in New Zealand, with higher prevalence in non-European children and those living in more deprived areas. The school setting has been identified as an ideal environment for interventions to improve child health by supporting daily moderate and vigorous physical activity and healthier eating patterns. Project Energize has been operating in Waikato primary schools since 2005. In 2011 the Project Energize programme delivered by Sport Waikato included 40,000 children, 244 schools, and 27 “Energizers” including one dietitian. Energizers are assigned 8-12 schools each and act as a “one stop shop” to support activities that promote and coordinate improved nutrition and physical activity within schools. In early 2011 a formal evaluation involving 192 schools which had been engaged with the Project Energize for eighteen months or more was undertaken. The evaluation included anthropometric measurements, school stocktake, home-questionnaire and lead teacher interviews to assess student health outcomes and Project Energize programme implementation. This body of work aimed to identify factors associated with school engagement and participation in Project Energize and to develop an understanding of the context of those factors so recommendations can be made to raise levels of engagement in low-engaged schools. This projects asks, are engagement and participation associated with programme effectiveness in Project Energize?
Has NAFTA Distorted Trade Patterns?

ABSTRACT There has been considerable concern that regional trade groups might become stumbling blocks for a free global trading system, as members' trade is biased towards their partners and non-members harmed by trade diversion. This question is examined for NAFTA. A modified gravity model for trade of the NAFTA countries shows little evidence of bias, with bilateral trade flows explained by incomes, geographical distance, and a common language. Market penetration and income elasticity of imports are also calculated, and do not support concerns about trade diversion. RESUMEN. Han surgido bastantes preocupaciones relacionadas al hecho de que los grupos de comercio regionales pueden convertirse en obstáculos contra el sistema de libre comercio global, ya que las operaciones comerciales de sus miembros comerciales muestra un claro sesgo a trabajar con sus socios y los países no-miembros se ven perjudicados por este ardid comercial. Esta pregunta está siendo examinada para el NAFTA. Un modelo de gravedad modificado por el comercio de los países pertenecientes al NAFTA, muestran poca evidencia de este sesgo, con un flujo de comercio bilateral explicado por ingresos, distancias geográficas y el idioma común. También se calcula la penetración de mercado y elasticidad del ingreso proveniente de las importaciones, y los datos obtenidos tampoco respaldan esta preocupación. RESUMO. Tem havido uma grande preocupação em relação à possibilidade de que grupos regionais de comércio tornem-se obstáculos a um sistema global de livre comércio, já que o comércio entre os seus membros é influenciado pelos seus parceiros, e os que não são membros prejudicam-se pela diversidade comercial. Esta pergunta tem sido examinada pela NAFTA. Um modelo de gravidade modificado para o comércio dos países da NAFTA mostra pouca evidência de parcialidade, com fluxos bilaterais de comércio justificados pelo rendimento, pela distância geográfica e por um idioma comum. Também são consideradas a penetração mercadológica e a elasticidade do rendimento das importações, que não comprovam a preocupação com a diversidade comercial.
Electronic transport in ferromagnetic alloys and the Slater-Pauling curve

Experimental measurements of the residual resistivity rho(x) of the binary-alloy system Fe1-xCrx have shown anomalous concentration dependence which deviates significantly from Nordheim's rule. In the low (x < 10%) Cr concentration regime the resistivity has been found to increase linearly with x until approximate to 10% Cr where the resistivity reaches a plateau persisting to approximate to 20% Cr. In this paper we present ab initio calculations of rho(x) which explain this anomalous behavior and which are based on the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method in conjunction with the Kubo-Greenwood formalism. Furthermore we are able to show that the effects of short-range ordering or clustering have little effect via our use of the nonlocal coherent-potential approximation. For the interpretation of the results we study the alloy electronic structure by calculating the Bloch spectral function particularly in the vicinity of the Fermi energy. From the analysis of our results we infer that a similar behavior of the resistivity should also be obtained for iron-rich Fe1-xVx alloys-an inference confirmed by further explicit resistivity calculations. Both of these alloy systems belong to the same branch of the famous Slater-Pauling plot, and we postulate that other alloy systems from this branch should show a similar behavior. Our calculations show that the appearance of the plateau in the resistivity can be attributed to the dominant contribution of minority-spin electrons to the conductivity which is nearly unaffected by the increase in Cr/V concentration x, and we remark that this minority-spin electron feature is also responsible for the simple linear variation in the average moment in the Slater-Pauling plot for these materials.
The price performance of initial public offerings in Greece

This study examines the price performance of Greek IPOs in the period 1993‐1997. The Greek IPO market presents several particularities in respect to regulation and procedural arrangements that make its study interesting in the context of the international evidence regarding IPO price performance. We find that Greek IPOs had on average large positive initial returns, an evidence of under pricing. This evidence is also supported by the positive one‐year returns in relation to offer prices. Returns computed one year after listing in relation to the first trading day price are positive, inconsistent with international evidence. Annual analysis reveals, however, differential patterns in price behavior.
Perioperative morbidity of hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease

This study reviews the perioperative surgical and associated morbidity of abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease. Over a 5-year period, 199296, there were 2088 hysterectomies; 1244 (60%) abdominal and 844 (40%) vaginal. The surgical morbidity for abdominal hysterectomy (6·2%) was twice that of vaginal hysterectomy (3·2%). The associated morbidity for abdominal hysterectomy (4·0%) was four times that of vaginal hysterectomy (0·9%). Additional surgical procedures (other than salpingo-oophorectomy) performed at the time of hysterectomy increased morbidity by 20% in association with abdominal hysterectomy and by 46% with vaginal hysterectomy. Serious morbidity associated with hysterectomy for benign disease was low.
Compartmentation of cerebral glutamate in situ as detected by 1H/13C n.m.r.

Incorporation of 13C label from either [1-13C]glucose to glutamate C-4 and lactate C-3 or from [2-13C]acetate to glutamate C-4 was monitored in situ in a superfused brain slice preparation by using 1H-detected/13C-edited (1H/13C) n.m. r. spectroscopy. The fractional enrichments of both metabolites were determined by this means in both brain slices and acid extracts of the preparations in order to assess their 1H-n.m. r. detectabilities. The 1H/13C satellite resonances from glutamate C-4 and lactate C-3 in brain tissue were followed from 4 min onwards in the presence of 5 mM [1-13C]glucose. Fractional enrichment of glutamate C-4 in the slice preparations was higher than in their acid extracts throughout the incubation of 100 min; at 30 min the enrichment was 15.9 +/- 0.6% in the slice preparations and 10.6 +/- 0.9% in extracts and at 100 min 24.5 +/- 1.7% compared with 19.7 +/- 0.4%, respectively. In contrast, lactate C-3 reached a steady-state fractional enrichment of approx. 43% by 15 min and there was no difference between the values determined in the slice preparations and the acid extracts. There was a significant difference between the glutamate C-4 fractional enrichments in the brain slices (7.4 +/- 0.6%) and extracts (5.1 +/- 0.3%) after 60 min of incubation with [2-13C]acetate. Thus 13C label from both glucose and exogenous acetate enters a pool of glutamate that is more amenable to 1H n.m. r. detection than total acid-extracted brain biochemical glutamate, whereas lactate is labelled with full 1H n.m. r. visibility. The results are discussed in the light of the biochemical factors that affect glutamate 1H-n.m. r. susceptibility and thus its n.m. r. visibility.
Rapid Blood Test for the Exclusion of Venous Thromboembolism in Symptomatic Outpatients

however, omitted C 1 in their assay system to obtain "reasonable" data. because chloride ions are inhibitory on both human and porcine plasminogen activation (4, 5). Since, the peptide substrate itself influences plasminogen conformation and activation (6,7). like 6-aminohexanoate (4, 5), the data gained with the one-stage assay are not comparable with the results obtained from the two-stage assay where plasmin substrate is not present in the activation reaction. In the two-stage assay system, however we were not able to measure native-plasminogen activation under physiological ionic, condition without conformational or proteolytic modification of the zymogen (5). Conformations alterated by 6-aminohexanoate or tPA-cofactors.
Advanced Reading Comprehension Expectations in Secondary School

The debate around recent implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) has perplexed many policy makers, practitioners, and researchers; yet, there remains broad agreement for the need to improve reading outcomes and college and career readiness for all students, including students with disabilities. One of the most vulnerable populations with disabilities in terms of college and career readiness is students with emotional disorders (ED). A considerable percentage of students with ED encounter unfavorable academic and long-term outcomes, often due to reading difficulties and behavioral variables that impede learning. To date, the impact of rising expectations in reading on the education of students with ED has been absent from this conversation about CCSS. In this article, we consider the implications of new reading expectations in the critical period of Grades 6 through 12 for students with ED. First, we summarize grade-level expectations of the standards. We next describe the characteristics and underachievement of students with ED. We then evaluate challenges in meeting the expectations based on extant research and provide recommendations for practice based on the intervention literature. We conclude by prioritizing a research and policy agenda that advocates for increasing the likelihood of success in reading for students with ED in middle school and high school.
Regulation and the Courts: The Case of the Clean Air Act

In recent years, federal courts have become increasingly aggressive in shaping regulatory policy, abandoning their traditional deference to bureaucratic expertise. This new judicial activism has been particular evident in the regulation of air pollution. R. Shep Melnick analyzes the effects a variety of court decisions have had on federal air pollution control policy and assesses the courts institutional capacity for policymaking in such a complex arena. In six cases studies of environmental programs or issues he examines the interplay among the courts, the Environmental Protection Agency, Congress, and the White House. The conventional wisdom is that the courts have improved environmental policymaking, but Melnick concludes that as a whole the consequences of court action under the Clean Air Act are neither random nor beneficial. He finds that court action has encouraged legislators and administrators to establish goals without considering how they can be achieved, widening the gap between promise and performance. The results, he charges, have been increased cynicism, serious inefficiencies and inequities, and a lack of rational debate. An analysis of the institutional characteristics of the judicial branch reveals how these problems have come about and why they are likely to afflict other programs as well as environmental regulation. The author proposes several reforms to improve the courts ability to handle regulatory cases. "
Retail Concentration and Shopping Center Rents - A Comparison of Two Cities

This study aims primarily at testing whether, and to what extent, retail concentration within regional and super-regional shopping centers affects rent levels as well as the differential impact it may exert for various goods categories and sub-categories and in different urban contexts. In this paper, 1,499 leases distributed among eleven regional and super-regional shopping centers in Montreal and Quebec City, Canada, and negotiated over the 2000-2003 period are being considered. Unit base rents (base rent per sq. ft.) are regressed on a series of descriptors that include percentage rent rate, retail unit size (GLA), lease duration, shopping center age as well as 31 retail categories while the Herfindahl index is used as a measure of intra-category retail concentration. Findings suggest that while, overall, intra-category retail concentration affects base rent negatively, the magnitude and, eventually, direction of the impact varies depending on the nature of the activity and the market dynamics that prevail for the category considered.
The impact of trade preferences on exports of developing countries: the case of the AGOA and CBI preferences of the USA

In this paper we study the impact of AGOA and CBTPA preferences on the African and Caribbean Basin beneficiaries respectively. Our methodology consists of modelling the selection in exporting that occurs and to account for the zero trade occurring at the HS 6 digit level of disaggregation used in the paper. The AGOA impact has in the literature been found to be driven mainly by apparel and textiles and oil and energy related products. We however, do find a strong impact of the AGOA and CBTPA preferences for the beneficiary countries.
PUBLIC GOODS, SELF-SELECTION AND OPTIMAL INCOME TAXATION*

Using the self-selection approach to tax analysis, this paper derives a modified Samuelson Rule for the provision of public goods when the government deploys an optimal nonlinear income tax. This approach gives a straightforward interpretation of the central result in this area, generalizes it, and provides a simple characterization of optimal policy in a wide range of circumstances. The analysis also emphasizes and clarifies the significance of the choice of numeraire for the optimality of "decentralizing" public spending decisions. Copyright 1993 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.
The Correspondence between Stochastic Resonance and bifurcation of Moment Equations of Noisy Nonlinear Dynamical System

There is a kind of correspondence between stochastic resonance and bifurcation of the moment equations of a noisy nonlinear system with the same noise intensity as the resonance independent variable and the bifurcation parameter, respectively. In this paper, this correspondence is examined and revealed in the noisy one-dimensional bistable system and the noisy two-dimensional Duffing oscillator. The bifurcation of the moment equations of each noisy system is the bifurcation with double-branch of fixed-point shift. Besides classical stochastic resonance, a kind of complex stochastic resonance corresponds to the bifurcation of moment equations. This complex stochastic resonance is induced by the stochastic transitions of system motion among the three fixed point attractors on both sides of the bifurcation point of the original system, which is predicted semi-analytically. Finally, due to this correspondence being examined, the mechanism of stochastic resonance can be provided through analyzing the change of.
FURTHER STUDIES OF THE IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF GROSS VIRUS-INDUCED LYMPHOMAS.

The previously demonstrated antigenicity of Gross virus-induced lymphomas was further investigated. It was found that Gross virus homogenate was less potent than living lymphoma cells. When, however, concentrated fractions of the same homogenate were used for pretreatment, both cytotoxic sera and resistance against isogenic transplantation were provoked. Evidence was obtained that cellular constituents rather than virus in its pure form are responsible for the induction of specific cytotoxic antibodies and transplantation resistance. When cytotoxic sera were assayed for virusneutralizing capacity, no effect was found. When cross experiments were performed between Gross and polyoma virus and Gross and polyoma tumor antigens no serological relationship could be detected.
Prior Somatic Stimulation Improves Performance of Acquired Motor Skill by Facilitating Functional Connectivity in Cortico-Subcortical Motor Circuits

Once people have a well-trained motor skill, their performance becomes stabilized and achieving substantial improvement is difficult. Recently, we have shown that even a plateaued hand motor skill can be upgraded with short-period electrical stimulation to the hand prior to the task. Here, we identify the neuronal substrates underlying the improvement of the plateaued skill by examining the enhanced functional connectivity in the sensory-motor regions that are associated with motor learning. We measured brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging and performed psychophysiological interaction analysis. We recruited seven right-handed very-well trained participants, whose motor performance of continuously rotating two balls with their right hands became stabilized at higher performance levels. We prepared two experiments, in each of which they repeated an experimental run 16 times. In each run, they performed this cyclic rotation as many times as possible in 16 s. In the thenar-stimulation experiment, we applied 60-s stimulation to the thenar muscle before each of the 5th - 12th runs, and the others were preceded by ineffective sham stimulation. In the control experiment, the sham was always provided. Thenar stimulation enabled the participants to perform the movements at higher cycles. In association with this performance improvement, we found enhanced activity couplings between the primary motor cortex and the sensorimotor territory of the putamen and between the cerebellum and the primary sensorimotor cortices, without any quantitative activity increase. Neither behavioral change nor these increased activity couplings were observed in the control.Thus, in contrast to the stable neuronal states in the cortico-subcortical motor circuits when the well-learned task is repeated at the later stages of motor skill learning, plastic changes in the motor circuits seem to be required when the plateaued skill is upgraded, and the stimulation may entail a state of readiness for the plastic change that allows subsequent performance improvement.
An Exploratory Study of Decision Making by Informal Caregivers of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis

ABSTRACT The types of assistance informal caregivers provide has been well documented. However, the day-to-day decisions and the resources caregivers use to make decisions have not been investigated. This study explored the decisions made by informal caregivers of multiple sclerosis care recipients and the resources they use to inform those decisions. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research design was used. Two separate in-depth face-to-face, audiotaped interviews were completed with each caregiver. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results revealed that multiple sclerosis caregivers make decisions in four topic areas: healthcare, financial, social, and family. Decisions increased in complexity and severity as the care recipient’s disease progressed. Triaging acute illnesses, managing medication side effects, and end-of-life decisions were the most difficult for caregivers. Caregivers used a variety of resources to support their decision making and identified areas where resources were lacking. By more fully understanding the types of decisions informal caregivers make and the resources they use to aid these decisions, healthcare professionals can develop interventions that support these devoted individuals, increasing the quality of life for both the caregiver and the care recipient.