Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Productive Language Abilities in Learning Disabled Adolescents

This study assessed and compared the accuracy and speed with which 32 LD and 32 academically achieving adolescents (1) named verbal opposites, pictorial presentations, and members of the classes Foods, Animals, and Toys, (2) produced sentences when given stimulus words, and (3) defined words. Ratings of speech characteristics (melodic line, phrase length, verbal agility, grammatical form, paraphasia, word finding) were also compared. LD adolescents were significantly less quick and accurate in naming verbal opposites and pictorial presentations. To a significant degree they also (1) named fewer foods, (2) produced more agrammatical sentences and grammatical sentences of shorter length, (3) had longer response lags in producing sentences, and (4) gave more incorrect word definitions than academic achievers. Ratings of speech characteristics indicated greatest reductions for phrase length and grammatical form. These findings suggest productive language deficits in learning disabilities are related to (1) delays in specific aspects of cognition and convergent and divergent production of semantic units and (2) reductions in the retrieval of verbal labels and syntactic structures.
Impact of Recess on Classroom Behavior: Group Effects and Individual Differences

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of a recess break on classroom behavior, specifically working, fidgeting, and listlessness. A southern urban school district with a policy against recess granted permission for 2 Grade 4 classes to have recess once a week so that subsequent behavior on recess and nonrecess days could be compared. A multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures and subsequent analyses of variance indicated that the 43 children, who were used as their own controls, differed on recess and nonrecess days, becoming more on task and less fidgety when they had recess. Sixty percent of the children, including all 5 of those with attention deficit disorder, and a balance of boys and girls benefited considerably. They worked more or fidgeted less (or both) on recess days.
Trials of 3-D map construction using the tele-operated tracked vehicle kenaf at disaster city

This paper provides valuable information about 3-D map construction using a tracked vehicle at Disaster City. Disaster City is a training facility for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in the United States. FEMA staff used our rescue robot Kenaf to conduct simulated emergency testing. Kenaf is a tele-operated tracked vehicle that has high mobility suitable for use in outside terrains and inside buildings. We equipped Kenaf with a 3-D laser scanner that can measure dense and wide angle 3-D shapes. We collected about 50 3-D mapping data sets during the tests. A part of these data sets can be accessed at our website. In this paper, we explain the Kenaf's tele-operation system, the 3-D mapping system, and the comments about the usability of the 3-D mapping from FEMA staff. In addition, we discuss about the limit of our mapping method on the basis of the trials at Disaster City. This information will be helpful for researchers in the robotics to improve their method of 3-D map construction and their tracked vehicles.
Amnesic patients show superior generalization in category learning.

OBJECTIVE Generalization is the application of existing knowledge to novel situations. Questions remain about the precise role of the hippocampus in this facet of learning, but a connectionist model by Gluck and Myers (1993) predicts that generalization should be enhanced following hippocampal damage. METHOD In a two-category learning task, a group of amnesic patients (n = 9) learned the training items to a similar level of accuracy as matched controls (n = 9). Both groups then classified new items at various levels of distortion. RESULTS The amnesic group showed significantly more accurate generalization to high-distortion novel items, a difference also present compared to a larger group of unmatched controls (n = 33). CONCLUSIONS The model prediction of a broadening of generalization gradients in amnesia, at least for items near category boundaries, was supported by the results. Our study shows for the first time that amnesia can sometimes improve generalization. (PsycINFO Database Record
The Impact of Industrial and Occupational Structure on Black-White Employment Allocation

This research focuses on the factors associated with the differential distribution of black and white men across labor market positions. Hypotheses concerning the effects of industrial and occupational characteristics are derived using an eclectic approach 'which draws heavily on the labor market segmentation literature. Incorporated, as it'ell, are ideas from neoclassical and institutional economics and from the occupational segregation and class approaches in sociology. The results raise some intriguing puzzles in terms of the contrasting effects of occupational versus industrial unionization and the opposite-signed effects of market power and size. Overall, the results provide a mixed evaluation of both the neoclassical approach and the dual economy approach to the explanation of black-white employment differences. Perhaps the most important result from this research is the demonstration of the existence and form of the systematic patterning of the allocation of blacks and whites to labor market positions, net of the influence of their individual wtork-related characteristics.
Improved physically-based AMSR-E oceanic rainfall algorithm

The present AMSR-E Level-3 oceanic rain algorithm does not provide an error estimate and has several other shortcomings. We are developing an improved algorithm that will be less sensitive to calibration uncertainty and will provide an error estimate. The error is dominated by calibration error at low rain rates and variability of the drop size distribution at high rain rates. The calibration uncertainty contribution will be greatly reduced by the zero rain rate determination included at
Age and age of acquisition: An evaluation of the cumulative frequency hypothesis

An important determinant of picture and word naming speed is the age at which the names were learned (age of acquisition). Two related interpretations of these effects are that they reflect differences between words in their cumulative frequency of use, or that they reflect differences in the amount of time early and lateacquired words have spent in lexical memory. Both theories predict that differences between early and late-acquired words will be less apparent in older than younger adults. Two experiments are reported in which younger and older adults read words varying in age of acquisition or frequency, or named objects varying in age of acquisition. There was an observed effect of word frequency only for young adults' word naming. In contrast, strong age of acquisition effects were found for both the young and the old participants. The implications of these results for theories of how age of acquisition might affect lexical processing are discussed.
Digital ghosts, global capitalism and social change

This article traces the importance of colonial legacies for theorizing speculative capitalism by thinking from the use of digital media by indigenous social movements in the Andes. Indeed, rather than marginal to global capitalism, I maintain that indigenous peoples and media activists are at the forefront of experimenting with political and economic alternatives to capitalism. I argue that the racialized body remains tangible as digital media are read and used akin to older, analogue technology and its ‘writing of light. ’ The desires for truth and corporeality in indigenous media point to the existence of borders from which alternatives to the current capitalist order are imagined and enacted. Similarly, in indigenous films speculative capitalism betrays its colonial constitution that ties it back to modern/colonial economic forms, rather than creating an entirely novel break with the past. In light of indigenous media digital images and the notion of immaterial labor are haunted by similar, colonial ghosts.
‘Fixing’ student deficit in contexts of diversity: Another cautionary tale for pre-service teacher education

Abstract This article presents one teacher’s perspective on issues of student difference. ‘Elissa’s’ account begins with her views as a pre-service teacher and continues through to her early career teaching. Elissa’s overwhelming tendency to construct students of difference as deficit alongside her efforts to ‘fix’ these deficits to align with an Anglo-Australian middle class ideal strongly resonate with concerns long expressed in the literature about teacher–student cultural discontinuity; teachers’ ill-preparedness for addressing student diversity; and the failure of universities to support pre-service teachers in this respect. Amid broader climates of unprecedented diversity where equity for marginalised groups is a mandated schooling goal, Elissa’s story is another cautionary tale. It further illuminates the gap between the kinds of teachers currently being produced and the kinds of teachers likely to realise social justice through education. As such it provides further warrant for rethinking how best to support teachers to productively address student diversity.
Intravenous and Intratracheal Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Injection in a Mouse Model of Pulmonary Emphysema

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the evolution of lung function and -structure in elastase-induced emphysema in adult mice and the effect of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) administration on these parameters. Adult mice were treated with intratracheal (4.8 units/100 g bodyweight) elastase to induce emphysema. MSCs were administered intratracheally or intravenously, before or after elastase injection. Lung function measurements, histological and morphometric analysis of lung tissue were performed at 3 weeks, 5 and 10 months after elastase and at 19, 20 and 21 days following MSC administration. Elastase-treated mice showed increased dynamic compliance and total lung capacity, and reduced tissue-specific elastance and forced expiratory flows at 3 weeks after elastase, which persisted during 10 months follow-up. Histology showed heterogeneous alveolar destruction which also persisted during long-term follow-up. Jugular vein injection of MSCs before elastase inhibited deterioration of lung function but had no effects on histology. Intratracheal MSC treatment did not modify lung function or histology. In conclusion, elastase-treated mice displayed persistent characteristics of pulmonary emphysema. Jugular vein injection of MSCs prior to elastase reduced deterioration of lung function. Intratracheal MSC treatment had no effect on lung function or histology.
Nanowire transistor solutions for 5nm and beyond

In this paper we present a comprehensive computational study of silicon nanowire transistor (SNT) and a SNM SRAM cell based on advanced design technology co-optimization (DTCO) TCAD tools. Utilizing this methodology, we provide guidelines and solutions for 5 nm and beyond in CMOS technology. At first, drift-diffusion (DD) results are fully calibrated against a Poisson-Schrodinger (PS) solution to calibrate density-gradient quantum corrections, and ensemble Monte Carlo (EMC) simulations to calibrate transport models. The calibrated DD gives us the capability to simulate statistical variability in nanowire transistors of the 5nm node and beyond accurately and efficiently. Various SNT structures are evaluated in terms of device figures of merit, and optimization of SNTs in terms of electrostatics driven performance is carried out. A variability-aware hierarchical compact model approach for SNT is adopted and used for statistical SRAM simulation near the “scaling limit”. The scaling of SNTs beyond the 5 nm is also discussed.
It Doesn't Matter what you Wear: The Impact of Posed and Genuine Expressions of Happiness on Product Evaluation

Abstract Participants were presented with a series of images of a female model wearing a T—shirt and asked to evaluate each T—shirt on a number of dimensions. The T—shirts were identical except for color. The model was identical in all images except for her facial expression, which was either a neutral expression, a genuine smile or a posed smile. T—shirts paired with a genuine smile were evaluated more positively than those paired with either a posed smile or a neutral expression (Experiment 1). The impact of the facial expressions was not, however, seen with short exposure times (Experiment 2). The impact of facial expressions of emotion on product evaluation was seen even when participants viewed the items without an evaluation goal (Experiment 3). Results are discussed in terms of the differences between posed and genuine expressions of emotion.
Student teachers' learning about subject matter and pedagogy in education for sustainable development

This article reports on an investigation of student teachers’ learning about education for sustainable development (ESD). Phenomenographic data were collected using open proformas and interviews from student geography teachers taking the University of Oxford Post‐Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) in 2003–2004. The data analysis focuses on what the cohort of student teachers perceived as their learning about ESD and the sources that contribute to it. Extracts from the data illustrate their conceptions of subject matter, regarding the relevance of sustainable development for school students, its complex and contested meanings, and the challenges it presents for learning and learners. Data on conceptions of pedagogy illustrate their depth of learning about the relationship between ESD subject matter and approaches and strategies in teaching and learning, and features of pedagogy that illustrate interactive teaching strategies. Various school and university‐based sources were identified by the student teachers as leading to specific aspects of learning about ESD, although many of the accounts illustrate a combination of sources. Implications of the findings for teacher education and research in ESD are also discussed.
A mathematical model of overall cerebral blood flow regulation in the rat

A mathematical model of the cerebrovascular regulatory system in the rat is presented. The model, a generalization of a previous one, includes the reactivity of proximal segments of the cerebrovascular bed and the neurogenic and myogenic feedback regulatory mechanisms besides the action of chemical regulatory factors. The model is used to analyze the interaction of mechanisms regulating cerebral blood flow in several conditions of physiological importance. A comparison of simulation results with recent experimental data shows that the model is able to produce 60-70% of the experimental regulatory capacity of the cerebrovascular bed. However, some relevant discrepancies still exist between the model and the experimental results, especially as regards the dilatory capacity of small cerebral arterioles. <<ETX>>
Using the Judas technique to locate and remove wintertime aggregations of invasive common carp

Radio- and acoustic telemetry in three Midwestern lakes demonstrated that common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. , aggregate as water temperatures descend below 10 � C. Particularly dense aggregations formed at temperatures <5 � C, and once located, these aggregations could be removed with an efficiency of up to 94% using seine nets. Carp aggregated just below the surface of the ice (approximately 1.5 m) and rarely descended to warmer waters, which extended down to 10 m. Although aggregations consistently formed close to shore, their locations could not be explained by temperature or dissolved oxygen. The aggregations also moved frequently, making radio-tagged fish invaluable to locate them. Coldwater aggregations of carp may reflect a type of shoaling behaviour and can be exploited with the aid of radio-tagged (Judas) fish to control this invasive fish effectively. Similar approaches might be developed for other gregarious invasive fishes.
Carbapenem and cefoxitin resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains associated with porin OmpK36 loss and DHA-1 β-lactamase production

Clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) strains are being increased worldwide. Five pan-resistant K. pneumoniae strains have been isolated from respiratory and ICU wards in a Chinese hospital, and reveal strong resistance to all β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Totally 27 β-lactamase genes and 2 membrane pore protein (porin) genes in 5 K. pneumoniae strains were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results indicated that all of 5 K. pneumoniae strains carried blaTEM-1 and blaDHA-1 genes, as well as base deletion and mutation of OmpK35 or OmpK36 genes. Compared with carbapenem-sensitive isolates by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the resistant isolates markedly lacked the protein band of 34–40 kDa, which might be the outer membrane proteins of OmpK36 according to the electrophoresis mobility. In addition, the conjugation test was confirmed that blaDHA-1 mediated by plasmids could be transferred between resistant and sensitive strains. When reserpine (30 μg/mL) and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) (50 μg/mL) were added in imipenem and meropenem, the MICs had no change against K. pneumoniae strains. These results suggest that both DHA-1 β-lactamase and loss or deficiency of porin OmpK36 may be the main reason for the cefoxitin and carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae strains in our hospital.
Same-Sex Peer Relations and Romantic Relationships During Early Adolescence: Interactive Links to Emotional, Behavioral, and Academic Adjustment

It was examined whether early adolescents' involvement in a romantic relationship would be differentially related to adjustment, depending on their relations with the same-sex peer group. Three hundred and twelve 7th graders were assessed with respect to their social acceptance by same-sex peers, involvement in reciprocal same-sex friendships, involvement in romantic relationships, self-esteem, antisocial behavior, and academic performance. Social acceptance by other-sex peers and involvement in reciprocal other-sex friendships were also assessed for control purposes. The results showed that having a boyfriend/ girlfriend was related to poorer emotional and behavioral adjustment for those early adolescents who were unpopular among same-sex peers. For adolescents who were popular among same-sex peers, romantic involvement was not related to emotional and behavioral adjustment. Independently of same-sex peer acceptance, however, romantic involvement was negatively related to academic performance, albeit only for girls. The results are discussed in light of Sullivan's theory of social development.
A 980-nm Yb-doped fiber MOPA source and its frequency doubling

A continuous-wave (CW) master oscillator-power amplifier (MOPA) fiber source, tunable around 978 nm, was frequency-doubled to 488.7 nm. Both the laser and the amplifier were made with cladding-pumped jacketed air-clad Yb-doped fibers. The MOPA generated up to 2.7 W of power in an output beam with an M/sup 2/ value of 1.8. This was frequency-doubled in a periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate crystal at room temperature, in a single-pass configuration. The generated blue light had a CW power of 18.1 mW, a nearly Gaussian spatial intensity profile, and an M/sup 2/ value of 1.7.
Photodynamic Therapy in Patients with Advanced Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Percutaneous Cholangioscopic Versus Peroral Transpapillary Approach.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CC) who underwent photodynamic therapy (PDT) with either percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). BACKGROUND DATA PDT has been proposed as a promising therapy for treatment of unresectable hilar CC that is resistant to conventional standard treatment. However, few studies have compared the delivery methods of PDT in unresectable hilar CC patients. METHODS Thirty-seven adult patients with advanced hilar CC were included in this study. Twenty-four patients treated with PTCS-directed PDT and 13 patients treated with ERCP-directed PDT were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS The PTCS- and ERCP-directed PDT groups were comparable with respect to age, gender, health status, pretreatment bilirubin levels, Bismuth type, and hilar CC stage. The length of hospital stay differed significantly (p < 0.001) between the two groups, with a median hospital stay of 37 days (range, 13-77 days) in the ERCP-directed PDT group versus 63 days (range, 23-125 days) in the PTCS-directed group. PTCS-directed PDT patients demonstrated an overall survival similar to that of ERCP-directed PDT patients, with a median survival of 11.6 versus 9.5 months, respectively (p = 0.96). Only lower pre-PDT bilirubin levels (p = 0.002) were a significant predictor of improved survival in all patients who underwent PDT, as determined by multivariate analysis. Median metal stent patency was similar between the groups [PTCS-directed PDT group (n = 8), 6.2 months; ERCP-directed PDT group (n = 7), 7.2 months; p = 0.642]. Survival after PTCS- or ERCP-directed PDT was not statistically different in patients with advanced hilar CC. CONCLUSIONS Lower pre-PDT bilirubin levels were associated with longer survival in all patients.
Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education (TARE): Instrument Development, Content Validity, and Inter-Rater Reliability

Numerous scholars have stressed the importance of personal and social responsibility in physical activity settings; however, there is a lack of instrumentation to study the implementation of responsibility-based teaching strategies. The development, content validity, and initial inter-rater reliability testing of the Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education (TARE) are described here. Inter-rater agreement was calculated for paired observations focused on 2 different teachers delivering a total of 18 separate physical education lessons for students in grades 1 through 6. Findings indicate that the Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education provides scores with adequate inter-rater reliability. The procedures employed in this study proved feasible and enable observers to characterize the implementation of responsibility-based teaching in physical education. The Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education has numerous research and training applications relative to the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility model (Hellison, 2003) and the national content standards for K–12 physical education, specifically Standard 5: Exhibits responsible personal and social behavior that respects self and others in physical activity settings (National Association for Sport and Physical Education, 2004).