Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein, Systemic Oxygen Consumption, and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background and Purpose— Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is known to result in elevated systemic oxygen consumption (VO2) and increases in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), although the relationship among hsCRP, VO2, and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after SAH remains unknown. We hypothesized that hsCRP is directly associated with VO2 and that elevated VO2 is a predictor of DCI after SAH. Methods— Prospective serial assessments of VO2 and hsCRP over 4 prespecified time periods during the first 14 days after bleed in consecutive SAH patients admitted to a single academic medical center for a 2-year period. Results— One hundred ten SAH patients met study criteria (mean age, 55±16 years; 62% women), with a median admission Hunt Hess grade of 3 (interquartile range, 2–4). In multivariate generalized estimating equation model of the first 14 days after bleed, VO2 was associated with younger age (P=0.01), male gender (P=0.01), and hsCRP levels (P=0.03). Twenty-four (22%) patients had DCI develop, with a median onset on day 7 after bleed (interquartile range, 5–11). The mean VO2 (291±65 mL/min versus 226±55 mL/min; P=0.003) was higher in DCI patients. In a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, younger age (hazard ratio, 1.2 per 5 years; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3), a higher modified Fisher scale score (hazard ratio, 3.4 per 1-point increase; 95% CI, 1.7–6.9), and higher VO2 (HR, 1.2 per 50-mL/min increase; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3) were predictive of DCI. Conclusions— Systemic oxygen consumption is associated with hsCRP levels in the first 14 days after SAH and is an independent predictor of DCI.
PCR-Based Method for Detecting Viral Penetration of Medical Exam Gloves

ABSTRACT The test approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for assessment of the barrier quality of medical exam gloves includes visual inspection and a water leak test. Neither method tests directly the ability of gloves to prevent penetration by microorganisms. Methods that use microorganisms (viruses and bacteria) to test gloves have been developed but require classical culturing of the organism to detect it. We have developed a PCR assay for bacteriophage φX174 that allows the rapid detection of penetration of gloves by this virus. The method is suitable for use with both latex and synthetic gloves. The presence of glove powder on either latex or synthetic gloves had no effect on the ability of the PCR assay to detect bacteriophage DNA. The assay is rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive; requires only small sample volumes; and can be automated.
Water Properties Influencing the Abundance and Diversity of Denitrifiers on Eichhornia crassipes Roots: A Comparative Study from Different Effluents around Dianchi Lake, China

To evaluate effects of environmental conditions on the abundance and communities of three denitrifying genes coding for nitrite (nirK, nirS) reductase and nitrous oxide (nosZ) reductase on the roots of Eichhornia crassipes from 11 rivers flowing into the northern part of Dianchi Lake. The results showed that the abundance and community composition of denitrifying genes on E. crassipes root varied with different rivers. The nirK gene copies abundance was always greater than that of nirS gene on the roots of E. crassipes, suggesting that the surface of E. crassipes roots growth in Dianchi Lake was more suitable for the growth of nirK-type denitrifying bacteria. The DGGE results showed significant differences in diversity of denitrifying genes on the roots of E. crassipes among the 11 rivers. Using redundancy analysis (RDA), the correlations of denitrifying microbial community compositions with environmental factors revealed that water temperature (T), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH were relatively important environmental factors to modifying the community structure of the denitrifying genes attached to the root of E. crassipes. The results indicated that the specific environmental conditions related to different source of rivers would have a stronger impact on the development of denitrifier communities on E. crassipes roots.
[2Fe-2S] cluster transfer in iron–sulfur protein biogenesis

Significance Biogenesis of iron–sulfur proteins is a complex process requiring a large number of accessory proteins. In eukaryotes, [2Fe-2S] clusters are synthesized in mitochondria on a scaffold protein. The cluster is then released to monothiol glutaredoxin 5 (GRX5), which was proposed to mediate the transfer of [2Fe-2S] clusters from the scaffold protein to several target proteins, but its precise molecular function remains to be clarified. By investigating the molecular recognition between human GRX5 and its partner proteins (human ISCA1 and ISCA2) and characterizing at the molecular level the cluster transfer process between them, we have shown that a switch between two conformational states of holo GRX5 drives the cluster transfer event, which occurs by a specific protein–protein recognition process. Monothiol glutaredoxins play a crucial role in iron–sulfur (Fe/S) protein biogenesis. Essentially all of them can coordinate a [2Fe-2S] cluster and have been proposed to mediate the transfer of [2Fe-2S] clusters from scaffold proteins to target apo proteins, possibly by acting as cluster transfer proteins. The molecular basis of [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer from monothiol glutaredoxins to target proteins is a fundamental, but still unresolved, aspect to be defined in Fe/S protein biogenesis. In mitochondria monothiol glutaredoxin 5 (GRX5) is involved in the maturation of all cellular Fe/S proteins and participates in cellular iron regulation. Here we show that the structural plasticity of the dimeric state of the [2Fe-2S] bound form of human GRX5 (holo hGRX5) is the crucial factor that allows an efficient cluster transfer to the partner proteins human ISCA1 and ISCA2 by a specific protein–protein recognition mechanism. Holo hGRX5 works as a metallochaperone preventing the [2Fe-2S] cluster to be released in solution in the presence of physiological concentrations of glutathione and forming a transient, cluster-mediated protein–protein intermediate with two physiological protein partners receiving the [2Fe-2S] cluster. The cluster transfer mechanism defined here may extend to other mitochondrial [2Fe-2S] target proteins.
Impact strength of woven kenaf fibre reinforced polyester composite plates

Natural fibre composition is a brilliant option for the most widely applied fibre in the composite innovation such as covers; car doors panel and car roofs. The advantages of natural fibre composites are renewable, low cost, low density and tend to decompose (biodegradability). In the recent years, there have been many researchers involved in the field of natural fibre reinforced plastic. Most of them studied based on composite reinforced with short and non-woven fibres related to issues such as poor fire resistance, variable quality and lower strength properties. This study focused on the composite woven structure from the woven kenaf fibre based on their higher capability to absorb energy. This method using Taguchi for optimization which can reduce the time consumed rather than using experimental approach. Composites were prepared using the hand lay-up method with three different weaving patterns, namely plain, twill, and basket. The hardened composites were cured for 24 hours before it was shaped according to specific dimensions ASTM D3763 and D3039 for impact and tensile tests. The highest energy absorption for plain, twill, and basket were 30.412, 36.026 and 32.509 Joule respectively. The effect of weave patterns and orientations was significant on energy absorption performance. Although, from three woven weaving patterns the twill types showed an improvement on impact strength of energy absorption compared to the plain and basket woven in all orientations among the others composites. After optimization, the value of energy absorption with percentage ratio of plain, twill and basket woven was 27.681 (9.86%), 32.770 (8.26%) and 29.893 (8.75%) Joule respectively. The result was still under acceptable range since it was below 10% deviate value from actual result which was due to material yarn size under control and sensitivity to dynamic loading. Result on tensile test shows the highest mechanical behaviour after using new orientation which is increasing 3.77%. It indicated that, the natural fibre was very sensitive with impact loading.
Is Time Spent With the Physician Associated With Parent Dissatisfaction Due to Long Waiting Times?

The objectives of this study were to assess the relationship between wait time and parent satisfaction and determine whether time with the physician potentially moderated any observed negative effects of long wait time. Data were collected from parents in a pediatric outpatient clinic. Parent satisfaction with the clinic visit was significantly negatively related to wait times. More time spent with the physician was positively related to satisfaction independent of wait times. Furthermore, among clinic visits with long wait times, more time with the physician showed a relatively strong positive relationship with parent satisfaction. Therefore, although long wait times was related to decreased parent satisfaction with pediatric clinic visits, increased time with the physician tended to moderate this relationship.
Cultural Variation in Affect Valuation

The authors propose that how people want to feel (“ideal affect”) differs from how they actually feel (“actual affect”) and that cultural factors influence ideal more than actual affect. In 2 studies, controlling for actual affect, the authors found that European American (EA) and Asian American (AA) individuals value high-arousal positive affect (e.g., excitement) more than do Hong Kong Chinese (CH). On the other hand, CH and AA individuals value low-arousal positive affect (e.g., calm) more than do EA individuals. For all groups, the discrepancy between ideal and actual affect correlates with depression. These findings illustrate the distinctiveness of ideal and actual affect, show that culture influences ideal affect more than actual affect, and indicate that both play a role in mental health.
On Generalized Ramsey Theory: The Bipartite Case

Abstract Given graphs G and H, a coloring of E(G) is called an (H, q)-coloring if the edges of every copy of H⊆G together receive at least q colors. Let r(G, H, q) denote the minimum number of colors in an (H, q)-coloring of G. We determine, for fixed p, the smallest q for which r(Kn, n, Kp, p, q) is linear in n, the smallest q for which it is quadratic in n. We also determine the smallest q for which r(Kn, n, Kp, p, q)=n2−O(n), and the smallest q for which r(Kn, n, Kp, p, q)=n2−O(1). Our results include showing that r(Kn, n, K2, t+1, 2) and r(Kn, K2, t+1, 2) are both (1+o(1)) n / t as n→∞, thereby proving a special case of a conjecture of Chung and Graham. Finally, we determine the exact value of r(Kn, n, K3, 3, 8), and prove that 2n/3⩽r(Kn, n, C4, 3)⩽n+1. Several problems remain open.
1999–2009 Trends in Prevalence, Unawareness, Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Geneva, Switzerland

Background There are no time trends in prevalence, unawareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Switzerland. The objective of this study was to analyze these trends and to determine the associated factors. Methods/Findings Population-based study conducted in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, between 1999 and 2009. Blood pressure was measured thrice using a standard protocol. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension or anti-hypertensive medication. Unawareness, untreated and uncontrolled hypertension was determined by questionnaires/blood pressure measurements. Yearly age-standardized prevalences and adjusted associations for the 1999–2003 and 2004–2009 survey periods were reported. The 10-year survey included 9,215 participants aged 35 to 74 years. Hypertension remained stable (34.4%). Hypertension unawareness decreased from 35.9% to 17.7% (P<0.001). The decrease in hypertension unawareness was not paralleled by a concomitant absolute increase in hypertension treatment, which remained low (38.2%). A larger proportion of all hypertensive participants were aware but not treated in 2004–2009 (43.7%) compared to 1999–2003 (33.1%). Uncontrolled hypertension improved from 62.2% to 40.6% between 1999 and 2009 (P = 0.02). In 1999–2003 period, factors associated with hypertension unawareness were current smoking (OR = 1.27, 95%CI, 1.02–1.59), male gender (OR = 1.56, 1.27–1.92), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.31, 1.20–1.44), and older age (OR 65–74yrs vs 35–49yrs = 1.56, 1.21–2.02). In 1999–2003 and 2004–2009, obesity and diabetes were negatively associated with hypertension unawareness, high education was associated with untreated hypertension (OR = 1.45, 1.12–1.88 and 1.42, 1.02–1.99, respectively), and male gender with uncontrolled hypertension (OR = 1.49, 1.03–2.17 and 1.65, 1.08–2.50, respectively). Sedentarity was associated with higher risk of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension in 1999–2003. Conclusions Hypertension prevalence remained stable since 1999 in the canton of Geneva. Although hypertension unawareness substantially decreased, more than half of hypertensive subjects still remained untreated or uncontrolled in 2004–2009. This study identified determinants that should guide interventions aimed at improving hypertension treatment and control.
The natural history of continuing improvement in an individual after a long period of impaired consciousness: The story of I.J

Abstract Aim: Recovery of consciousness and recovery of function among patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness rarely occur. Those patients who do regain consciousness typically remain with severe disability. The aim of this retrospective study is to suggest that continuing improvement is possible in a survivor of catastrophic brain injury after being in a prolonged state of disordered consciousness. Case study: This retrospective single case study follows the progress of a 29 year old man, I.J, who sustained a severe traumatic brain injury following an assault in October 2011. He was in a vegetative state for 15 months and in a minimally conscious state for a further 4 months. This was followed by a slow and steady recovery of motor and cognitive functions. At 3 years post-injury I.J is considered to be moderately disabled. He is now living in the community with continuing outpatient support. On the disability rating scale his level of functioning is rated as mildly dependent. Conclusion: This study shows that continuing recovery to a level of moderate disability is possible, even after a prolonged disorder of consciousness. Intense multi-disciplinary long-term rehabilitation and cranioplasty may be contributing factors for such an unexpected recovery.
Bayesian Parameter Estimates of Nelfinavir and Its Active Metabolite, Hydroxy-tert-Butylamide, in Infants Perinatally Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for nelfinavir mesylate (NFV) and nelfinavir hydroxy-tert-butylamide (M8), the most abundant metabolite of NFV, in infants vertically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and participating in the Paediatric European Network for Treatment of AIDS 7 study. Plasma NFV concentrations were determined during repeated NFV administrations (two to three times a day). Eighteen infants younger that age 2 years participated in this study. The doses administered ranged from 71 to 203 mg/kg of body weight/day. Pharmacokinetic parameter estimates were obtained by a compartmental approach by using a kinetic model to simultaneously fit NFV and M8 (active metabolite) concentrations. M8 was shown to be formation rate limited and was characterized by first-order rate constants of formation and elimination. Body weight was found to be a more appropriate predictor than age of the changes in (i) the rate of metabolism, (ii) the elimination rate constant of NFV, and (iii) NFV clearance. Population parameters were computed to account for the relationship between the rate of metabolism and body weight. The estimated NFV and M8 elimination half-lives were 4.3 and 2.04 h, respectively. The estimated NFV clearance was 2.13 liters/h/kg. The M8 concentration-to-NFV concentration ratio was 0.64 ± 0.44. In conclusion, the population pharmacokinetic model describing the dispositions of NFV and M8 should facilitate the design of future studies to elucidate the relative contributions of the parent compound and M8 to the pharmacological and toxic effects of NFV therapy.
MARCKS promotes invasion and is associated with biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer

Background Overtreatment of low-grade prostate cancer is a recognised problem for clinicians and patients. However, under-treatment runs the risk of missing the opportunity for cure in those who could benefit. Identification of new biomarkers of disease progression, including metastases, is required to better stratify and appropriately treat these patients. The ability to predict if prostate cancer will recur is an important clinical question that would impact treatment options for patients. Studies in other cancers have associated MARCKS with metastasis. Methods Tissue microarrays of local prostatectomy samples from a cohort of biochemical recurrent and non-biochemical recurrent tumours were assayed for MARCKS protein expression. Prostate cancer cell lines were transfected with siRNA targeting MARCKS or a control and functional endpoints of migration, invasion, proliferation, viability and apoptosis were measured. Actin was visualised by fluorescent microscopy and evidence of a cadherin switch and activation of the AKT pathway were assayed. Results MARCKS was upregulated in biochemical recurrent patients compared to non-biochemical recurrent. Knockdown of MARCKS reduced migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, reduced MMP9 mRNA expression, as well as decreasing cell spreading and increased cell:cell adhesion in prostate cancer cell colonies. Knockdown of MARCKS had no effect on proliferation, viability or apoptosis of the prostate cancer cells. Conclusions In conclusion, MARCKS promotes migration and invasion and is associated with biochemical recurrence in localised prostate cancer tumours. The mechanisms by which this occurs have yet to be fully elucidated but lack of a cadherin switch indicates it is not via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Actin rearrangement indicates that MARCKS promotes invasion through regulating the architecture of the cell.
Cooperation in Subset Team Games: Altruism and Selfishness

This paper extends the theory of subset team games, a generalization of cooperative game theory requiring a payoff function that is defined for all subsets of players. This subset utility is used to define both altruistic and selfish contributions of a player to the team. We investigate properties of these games, and analyze the implications of altruism and selfishness for general situations, for prisoner's dilemma, and for a specific game with a Cobb-Douglas utility.
Characterization of an 18-kilodalton Brucella cytoplasmic protein which appears to be a serological marker of active infection of both human and bovine brucellosis

Some anticytoplasmic protein monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) from mice immunized by infection with Brucella ovis cells have been obtained. One of these MAbs, BI24, was used to purify by immunoaffinity a protein with a pI of 5.6 and a molecular mass of 18 kDa. This protein was present in all of the rough and smooth Brucella species studied, but it could not be detected in Yersinia enterocolitica 09. Three internal peptides of this protein were partially sequenced; no homology with other bacterial proteins was found. The immunogenicity of the 18-kDa protein was studied with both human and bovine sera by a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system with MAb BI24.
A complicated role for the renin–angiotensin system during pregnancy: highlighting the importance of drug discovery

Introduction: Blood pressure management is recommended to avoid maternal cerebrovascular or cardiovascular compromise during pregnancy. Current antihypertensive treatment during pregnancy with positive safety profiles includes labetalol, hydralazine, methyldopa and nifedipine. Areas covered: Many earlier animal and human studies indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are associated with fetopathy; therefore, these drugs are contraindicated during pregnancy, especially if these medications were taken during the second and third trimesters. The role of the RAS is quite complex, with fetal development heavily dependent on its appropriate expression and function. New findings indicate that the placental unit expresses its own RAS in order to regulate angiogenesis. Multiple studies have shown that women with abnormal uterine doppler sonography produce an agonistic autoantibody to the angiotensin I receptor, implicating a role for RAS function and regulation in abnormal pregnancies. Importantly, interruption of a normal RAS compromises fetal development. Expert opinion: Traditional medications that inhibit components of RAS for long-term hypertension control are not appropriate for use before or during pregnancy. Further study and drug discovery are needed to find alternative pathways for treatment of hypertensive disorders when pregnancy is present or a possibility.
Tensile Lattice Distortion Does Not Significantly Affect Oxygen Transport in Yttria-stabilized Zirconia ( YSZ ) – CeO 2 Hetero-Interfaces

Biaxially-textured epitaxial thin-film hetero-structures of ceria and 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) were grown using Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) with the aim to unravel the effect of the interfacial conductivity on the charge transport properties. Five different samples were fabricated keeping the total thickness constant (300 nm) but with a different number of hetero-interfaces (between