Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor eptor and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor is ffective Chemopreventive Strategy in the Mouse Pr R QO Model of Oral

wnloade pite recent therapeutic advances, several factors, including field cancerization, have limited improvein long-term survival for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, comprehensive treatment must include improved chemopreventive strategies. Using the 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) e model, we tested the hypothesis that ZD6474 (Vandetanib, ZACTIMA) is an effective chemoprevenent.CBAmicewere fed4-NQO(100μg/mL) in their drinkingwater for 8weeks and then randomized to atment or oral ZD6474 (25 mg/kg/d) for 24 weeks. The percentage of animals with OSCC was signify different between the two groups (71% in control and 12% in the ZD6474 group; P ≤ 0.001). ercentage of mice with dysplasia or OSCC was significantly different (96% in the control and 28% in 6474 group; P ≤ 0.001). Proliferation andmicrovessel density scores were significantly decreased in the 74 group (P ≤ 0.001 for both). Although proliferation andmicrovessel density increasedwith histologic ssion in control and treatment cohorts, epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial h factor receptor-2 phosphorylation was decreased in the treatment group for each histologic diagincluding mice harboring tumors. OSCC from ZD6474-treated mice exhibited features of epithelial senchymal transition, as shown by loss E-cadherin and gain of vimentin protein expression. These uggest that ZD6474 holds promise as an OSCC chemopreventive agent. They further suggest that ed resistance to ZD6474 may be mediated by the expression of an epithelial to mesenchymal tranacquir sition phenotype. Finally, the data suggests that this model is a useful preclinical platform to investigate the mechanisms of acquired resistance in the chemopreventive setting. Cancer Prev Res; 3(11); 1493–502. ©2010 AACR.
Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Opioids are the cornerstone therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Although common concerns regarding the use of opioids include the potential for detrimental side effects, physical dependence, and addiction, accumulating evidence suggests that opioids may yet cause another problem, often referred to as opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Somewhat paradoxically, opioid therapy aiming at alleviating pain may render patients more sensitive to pain and potentially may aggravate their preexisting pain. This review provides a comprehensive summary of basic and clinical research concerning opioid-induced hyperalgesia, suggests a framework for organizing pertinent information, delineates the status quo of our knowledge, identifies potential clinical implications, and discusses future research directions.
Mental Distress Detection and Triage in Forum Posts: The LT3 CLPsych 2016 Shared Task System

This paper describes the contribution of LT3 for the CLPsych 2016 Shared Task on automatic triage of mental health forum posts. Our systems use multiclass Support Vector Machines (SVM), cascaded binary SVMs and ensembles with a rich feature set. The best systems obtain macro-averaged F-scores of 40% on the full task and 80% on the green versus alarming distinction. Multiclass SVMs with all features score best in terms of F-score, whereas feature filtering with bi-normal separation and classifier ensembling are found to improve recall of alarming posts.
Stocks, Bonds, and Long-Run Consumption Risks

Abstract I evaluate whether the so-called long-run risk framework can jointly explain key features of both equity and bond markets as well as the interaction between asset prices and the macroeconomy. I find that shocks to expected consumption growth and time-varying macroeconomic volatility can account for the level of risk premia and its variation over time in both markets. The results suggest a common set of macroeconomic risk factors operating in equity and bond markets. I estimate the model using a simulation estimator that accounts for time aggregation of consumption growth and utilizes a rich set of moment conditions.
Use of Growth Indices from Radiometric Culture for Quantification of Sheep Strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

ABSTRACT A simple method for using growth indices from radiometric BACTEC cultures was evaluated for the enumeration of Australian sheep strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The numbers of viable organisms in inocula were determined by end-point titration in BACTEC cultures. Growth indices were measured by using a BACTEC 460 machine. There was a linear relationship between the number of days taken for the cumulative growth index to reach 1,000 (dCGI1000) and log10 inoculum size. The use of dCGI1000 was shown to be as effective as the use of growth index data from the entire growth cycle for the estimation of inoculum size. For particular isolates characterized by end-point titration, the dCGI1000 of a single BACTEC vial provided estimates of viable numbers within narrow prediction limits. Predictive relationships were also established for the enumeration of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis from field samples by using the dCGI1000 of a single BACTEC vial, with prediction limits of ±1 to 2 log units. Organisms from feces or contaminated soil grew more slowly than those from cultures or tissues, and separate equations were developed for enumeration from these sources.
The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin ameliorates early features of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob type 2 diabetic mice with and without hypertension.

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in humans in the Western world. The recent development of Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors offers a new antidiabetic therapy via enhanced glucose excretion. Whether this strategy exerts beneficial effects on the development of type 2 diabetic nephropathy is still largely unclear. We investigated the effects of the specific SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in BTBR.Cg-Lep/WiscJ (BTBR ob/ob) mice, which spontaneously develop type 2 diabetic nephropathy. In the first experiment, BTBR ob/ob mice received either a diet containing 300 ppm empagliflozin or equicaloric placebo chow for 12 wk. In the second experiment, BTBR ob/ob mice received 1 μg·kg body wt(-1)·day(-1) ANG II to induce arterial hypertension and were separated into the same two diet groups for 6 wk. In both experiments, empagliflozin treatment enhanced glucosuria, thereby lowering blood glucose. Independently of hypertension, empagliflozin reduced albuminuria in diabetic mice. However, empagliflozin treatment affected diabetes-related glomerular hypertrophy, markers of renal inflammation, and mesangial matrix expansion only in BTBR ob/ob mice without hypertension. In summary, empagliflozin demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic effects, differentially ameliorating early features of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob mice with and without hypertension.
Isoproterenol Increases RANKL Expression in a ATF4/NFATc1-Dependent Manner in Mouse Osteoblastic Cells

Sympathetic nervous system stimulation-induced β-adrenergic signal transduction is known to induce bone loss and increase of osteoclast activity. Although isoproterenol, a nonspecific β-adrenergic receptor agonist, has been shown to increase receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), the details of the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) in isoproterenol-induced RANKL expression in C2C12 and in primary cultured mouse calvarial cells. Isoproterenol increased nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and RANKL expressions at both mRNA and protein levels and increased NFAT reporter activity. NFATc1 knockdown blocked isoproterenol-mediated RANKL expression. Isoproterenol also promoted cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) phosphorylation. Isoproterenol-mediated transcriptional activation of NFAT was blocked by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89. Isoproterenol-induced CREB1, ATF4, NFATc1, and RANKL expressions were suppressed by H89. Mutations in cAMP response element-like or NFAT-binding element suppressed isoproterenol-induced RANKL promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that isoproterenol increased NFAT-binding and ATF4-binding activities on the mouse RANKL promoter, but did not increase CREB1-binding activity. Association of NFATc1 and ATF4 was not observed in a co-immunoprecipitation study. ATF4 knockdown suppressed isoproterenol-induced NFAT binding to the RANKL promoter, whereas NFATc1 knockdown did not suppress isoproterenol-induced ATF4 binding to the RANKL promoter. ATF4 knockdown suppressed isoproterenol-induced expressions of NFATc1 and RANKL. These results suggest that isoproterenol increases RANKL expression in an ATF4/NFATc1-dependent manner.
Tack and Green Strength of Elastomeric Materials

Abstract Tack and green strength are two important properties of many elastomer compounds. Tack is the ability of two materials to resist separation after bringing their surfaces into contact for a short time under a light pressure. Two types can be defined: autohesive tack (autohesion), where both materials have the same chemical composition and adhesive tack, in which the two materials have dissimilar compositions. The green strength of an elastomer is its resistance to deformation and fracture before vulcanization. Rubber stocks that are used in tire manufacture (or other plied-up operations) must have a certain minimum level of tack and green strength. Tack is necessary so that the many components of a green tire will hold together until molding. This requires not only that the components exhibit quick stick when building, but also that the tack bonds have long term creep resistance, since the green tire may be hung on a rack several days before molding and vulcanization. In addition, an uncured tire .
A Comparison of the Efficacy of Once-Daily Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterole with Twice-Daily Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol in Elderly Asthmatics

Abstract Background Asthma in the elderly population has been focused because it affects quality of life and results in a higher hospitalization rate and mortality. Fluticasone furoate (FF)/vilanterole (VI) is a novel inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) combination being developed for once-daily administration for asthma with greater anti-inflammatory activity and longer duration of bronchidilation. The ElliptaTM dry powder inhaler (DPI) has also been available as a new device with high levels of satisfaction and preference. Methods A 12-week, randomized, open-label cross-over, pilot study was conducted in 18 elderly patients with bronchial asthma to compare the effectiveness of once-daily FF/VI 200/25 µg via the ElliptaTM DPI vs. twice-daily fluticasone propionate (FP)/salmeterol (SAL) 500/50 µg via the DiskusTM DPI. The study period included a 4-week run-in, the first 4-week treatment, and the second 4-week treatment. Respiratory functions, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and asthma control test (ACT) scores were measured 0, 4, and 8 weeks after randomization. Preferences for their device were also assessed using a self-completed questionnaire. Results Spirometric paramters, FeNO levels and ACT scores were not significantly different during the run-in period, the FP/SAL treatment period, and the FF/VI treatment period. FF/VI treatment via the ElliptaTM DPI was preferred to the FP/SAL treatment via the DiskusTM DPI (p<0.01). Conclusions These data indicate that FF/VI treatment via the ElliptaTM DPI is preferred in elderly patients with asthma based on its ease-of-use, suggesting the potential to improve patient adherence and, as a result, overall disease management.
Alteration of the Magnetic Properties of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum by a Pulse Magnetization Technique

The presence of a narrow shape and size distribution for magnetite crystals within magnetotactic organisms suggests strongly that there are species-specific mechanisms that control the process of biomineralization. In order to explore the extent of this control, cultures of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum in the exponential growth phase were exposed to increasing magnetic pulses with the aim of separating cell populations on the basis of their magnetic coercivities. Isothermal remanent magnetization and anhysteretic remanent magnetization studies were performed with freeze-dried magnetic cells after the remagnetization treatment. Subpopulations of A. magnetotacticum that showed an increase in coercivity correlated with the intensity of the magnetic pulses were isolated. After successive subcultures of the remaining north-seeking cells, a maximum bulk coercivity (Hbmax) of 40 mT was obtained after treatment with a 55-mT pulse. Although we obtained A. magnetotacticum variants displaying higher coercivities than the wild-type strain, changes in crystal size or shape of the magnetite crystals were below reliable detection limits with transmission electron microscopy. Attempts to shift the coercivity towards higher values caused it to decrease, a change which was accompanied by an increase in magnetostatic interactions of the magnetosome chains as well as an increase in the cell population displaying an abnormal distribution of the magnetosome chains. Ultrastructural analyses of cells and magnetosomes revealed the appearance of cystlike bodies which occasionally contained magnetosomes. The increase in cystlike cells and abnormal magnetosome chains when higher magnetic pulses were used suggested that magnetosomes were collapsing because of stronger interparticle magnetostatic forces.
Molecular Chaperones and Associated Cellular Clearance Mechanisms against Toxic Protein Conformers in Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (in particular in the substantia nigra) causing severe impairment of movement coordination and locomotion, associated with the accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein (α-Syn) into proteinaceous inclusions named Lewy bodies. Various early forms of misfolded α-Syn oligomers are cytotoxic. Their formation is favored by mutations and external factors, such as heavy metals, pesticides, trauma-related oxidative stress and heat shock. Here, we discuss the role of several complementing cellular defense mechanisms that may counteract PD pathogenesis, especially in youth, and whose effectiveness decreases with age. Particular emphasis is given to the ‘holdase’ and ‘unfoldase’ molecular chaperones that provide cells with potent means to neutralize and scavenge toxic protein conformers. Because chaperones can specifically recognize misfolded proteins, they are key specificity factors for other cellular defenses, such as proteolysis by the proteasome and autophagy. The efficiency of the cellular defenses decreases in stressed or aging neurons, leading to neuroinflammation, apoptosis and tissue loss. Thus, drugs that can upregulate the molecular chaperones, the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy in brain tissues are promising avenues for therapies against PD and other mutation-, stress- or age-dependent protein-misfolding diseases.
Safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of one and three doses of the tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine in infants in Lima, Peru.

An oral rhesus-human rotavirus tetravalent (RRV-TV) vaccine (10(4) pfu of rhesus rotavirus [type G3] and of 3 human-rhesus reassortants [G1, G2, and G4]) was evaluated in a field trial in Lima, Peru. At 2, 3, and 4 months of age, infants received either a dose of RRV-TV, an initial dose of vaccine followed by a dose of placebo at 3 and 4 months, or a dose of placebo. Rotavirus-specific IgA responses were detected by ELISA in 75% of the three-dose vaccine group, 59% of the one-dose vaccine group (P = .05), and 24% of the placebo group (P < .001): 64%, 48%, and 12% of each group, respectively, had a neutralizing antibody response to at least 1 serotype. Both one and three doses of vaccine failed to induce a significant level of protection against rotavirus diarrhea; however, they did provide some protection (range, 35%-66%) against more severe rotavirus diarrhea, especially for episodes caused by type G1.
BioShaDock: a community driven bioinformatics shared Docker-based tools registry

Linux container technologies, as represented by Docker, provide an alternative to complex and time-consuming installation processes needed for scientiﬁc software. The ease of deployment and the process isolation they enable, as well as the reproducibility they permit across environments and versions, are among the qualities that make them interesting candidates for the construction of bioinformatic infrastructures, at any scale from single workstations to high throughput computing architectures. The Docker Hub is a public registry which can be used to distribute bioinformatic software as Docker images. However, its lack of curation and its genericity make it difﬁcult for a bioinformatics user to ﬁnd the most appropriate images needed. BioShaDock is a bioinformatics-focused Docker registry, which provides a local and fully controlled environment to build and publish bioinformatic software as portable Docker images. It provides a number of improvements over the base Docker registry on authentication and permissions management, that enable its integration in existing bioinformatic infrastructures such as computing platforms. The metadata associated with the registered images are domain-centric, including for instance concepts deﬁned in the EDAM ontology, a shared and structured vocabulary of commonly used terms in bioinformatics. The registry also includes user deﬁned tags to facilitate its discovery, as well as a link to the tool description in the ELIXIR registry if it already exists. If it does not, the BioShaDock registry will synchronize with the registry to create a new description in the Elixir registry, based on the BioShaDock entry metadata. This link will help users get more information on the tool such as its EDAM operations, input and output types. This allows integration with the ELIXIR Tools and Data Services Registry, thus providing the appropriate visibility of such images to the bioinformatics community.
The Significance of Blood Transfusion in Non‐A, Non‐B Chronic Liver Disease in Japan 1

We performed a follow‐up study on 70 patients with acute non‐A, non‐B (NANB) posttransfusion hepatitis and a retrospective study on 283 chronic hepatitis, 70 cirrhosis and 53 hepatocellular carcinoma patients of type NANB. In acute NANB posttransfusion hepatitis, as judged by the transaminase levels, the duration of the disease exceeded 6 months in 46/70 = 65.7% and 1 year in 32/70 = 45.7%. The histological diagnosis of the 32 cases persisting for more than 1 year was chronic active hepatitis in 5, chronic persistent hepatitis in 2 and unresolved hepatitis in 6. The frequency of previous transfusion in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma of type NANB was 42.8, 37.1 and 15.1%, respectively, whereas the incidence of early posttransfusion hepatitis was 8.5, 8.6 and 7.5%, respectively. In chronic liver diseases with a history of jaundice and/or hepatitis, previous transfusions are more frequently associated with type NANB than with type B disease. The present study demonstrates that NANB posttransfusion hepatitis tends to develop to chronic liver disease when analyzed prospectively as well as retrospectively.
Dependence of magnetic properties on crystallite size of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles synthesised by auto-combustion method

Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles were prepared through an auto-combustion method. The results of XRD show that the crystallite size of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles increases from 57 to 105 nm with a slight change in lattice constant as the annealing temperature increases from 300 to 1200°C. The magnetic measurements by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) show that M s increases monotonously by increasing the annealing temperature from 300 to 1200°C and C hB and M s reached a maximum when annealing temperature is about 400°C due to the change of the grain size.
Esm1 Modulates Endothelial Tip Cell Behavior and Vascular Permeability by Enhancing VEGF Bioavailability

Rationale: Endothelial cell–specific molecule 1 (Esm1) is a secreted protein thought to play a role in angiogenesis and inflammation. However, there is currently no direct in vivo evidence supporting a function of Esm1 in either of these processes. Objective: To determine the role of Esm1 in vivo and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods and Results: We generated and analyzed Esm1 knockout (Esm1KO) mice to study its role in angiogenesis and inflammation. Esm1 expression is induced by the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in endothelial tip cells of the mouse retina. Esm1KO mice showed delayed vascular outgrowth and reduced filopodia extension, which are both VEGF-A–dependent processes. Impairment of Esm1 function led to a decrease in phosphorylated Erk1/2 (extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1/2) in sprouting vessels. We also found that Esm1KO mice displayed a 40% decrease in leukocyte transmigration. Moreover, VEGF-induced vascular permeability was decreased by 30% in Esm1KO mice and specifically on stimulation with VEGF-A165 but not VEGF-A121. Accordingly, cerebral edema attributable to ischemic stroke–induced vascular permeability was reduced by 50% in the absence of Esm1. Mechanistically, we show that Esm1 binds directly to fibronectin and thereby displaces fibronectin-bound VEGF-A165 leading to increased bioavailability of VEGF-A165 and subsequently enhanced levels of VEGF-A signaling. Conclusions: Esm1 is simultaneously a target and modulator of VEGF signaling in endothelial cells, playing a role in angiogenesis, inflammation, and vascular permeability, which might be of potential interest for therapeutic applications.
Tribological behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel for biomedical applications

The aim of this research is to study the tribological behaviour of AISI 316L stainless steel for surgical implants (total hip prosthesis). The tribological behaviour is evaluated by wear tests, using tribometers ball on disc and sphere on plane. These tests consisted of measuring the weight loss and the friction coefficient of stainless steel (SS) AISI 316L. The oscillating friction and wear tests have been carried out in ambient air with an oscillating tribotester in accord with standards ISO 7148, ASTM G99-95a and ASTM G133-95 under different conditions of normal applied load (3, 6 and 10 N) and sliding speed (1, 15 and 25 mm s−1). A ball of 100Cr 6, 10 mm in diameter, is used as counter pairs. These tribological results are compared with those carried out with a tribometer type pin on disc under different conditions of normal load applied P (19·43, 28 and 44 N) and sliding speed (600 and 1020 rev min−1). The behaviour observed for both samples suggests that the wear and friction mechanism during the tests is the same, and to increase the resistance to wear and friction of biomedical SS AISI 316L alloy used in total hip prosthesis (femoral stems), surface coating and treatment are necessary.