Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Awareness and Cognitive Aptitudes in L2 Predictive Language Processing

This study investigated whether second language (L2) learners can develop predictive processing of determiners after a brief exposure to a novel language, and whether this depends on learners’ awareness for the target structure and their cognitive aptitudes. One hundred L2 learners received auditory exposure to a miniature language based on Fijian that included a determiner–noun agreement pattern. Learners’ processing of determiners was measured using a picture‐matching task with eye tracking. We found that learners learned to anticipate the coming noun based on the determiner; they also gained a speed advantage. Learners’ awareness played a crucial role in such anticipatory processing; only learners who were aware that determiners helped them during the test (i.e., prediction‐aware learners) showed signs of anticipatory processing. The aptitude variables did not modulate learners’ processing abilities, but there were links between aptitude and learners’ abilities to develop different levels of awareness.
A New Action-Derived Form of The Black Hole Metric

Several different but equivalent forms of the spherical black hole (Schwarzschild) are known, as well as several derivations. Here a novel form is derived through the power of the action formalism. The method generalizes to any spherical black hole or brane, and the charged hole case (Reissner-Nordstrom) is worked out in detail.
Second Overtone Pulsators among δ Scuti Stars

We investigate the modal stability of stellar models at masses and luminosity levels corresponding to post-main-sequence luminous δ Scuti pulsators. The envelope models have been computed at fixed mass value (M/M☉ = 2.0), luminosity level [log (L/L☉) = 1.7], and chemical composition (Y = 0.28, Z = 0.02). According to a nonlinear approach to radial oscillations, the present investigation for the first time predicts the occurrence of stable second overtone pulsators . More generally, we found that when moving inside the instability strip from lower to higher effective temperatures, the models show a stable limit cycle in three different pulsation modes: fundamental and first and second overtones. The shapes of both light and velocity curves are presented and discussed, providing a useful tool for the identification of second overtone pulsators among the known groups of radially pulsating stars. Comparison with observations shows that our nonlinear, nonlocal, and time-dependent convective models provide light curves in agreement with observed values, suggesting that second overtone pulsators have already been observed, though misclassified as fundamental pulsators. In a limited region of the instability strip we also found some models presenting mixed-mode features, i.e., radial pulsators that show a stable limit cycle in more than one pulsational mode. The period ratios of mixed-mode pulsators obtained by perturbing the first and the second overtone radial eigenfunctions are in agreement with observed values. This result is a crucial point for understanding the pulsation properties of δ Scuti stars, since it provides sound evidence that these variables during their evolution off the main sequence are pure or mixed-mode radial pulsators. Finally, the physical structure and the dynamical properties of second overtone pulsators are discussed in detail. The role played by the nodal lines in the destabilization of second overtone pulsators is also pointed out.
Synthesis of Whole-Body Behaviors through Hierarchical Control of Behavioral Primitives

To synthesize whole-body behaviors interactively, multiple behavioral primitives need to be simultaneously controlled, including those that guarantee that the constraints imposed by the robot’s structure and the external environment are satisfled. Behavioral primitives are entities for the control of various movement criteria, e.g. primitives describing the behavior of the center of gravity, the behaviors of the hands, legs, and head, the body attitude and posture, the constrained body parts such as joint-limits and contacts, etc. By aggregating multiple primitives, we synthesize whole-body behaviors. For safety and for e‐cient control, we establish a control hierarchy among behavioral primitives, which is exploited to establish control priorities among the difierent control categories, i.e. constraints, operational tasks, and postures. Constraints should always be guaranteed, while operational tasks should be accomplished without violating the acting constraints, and the posture should control the residual movement redundancy. In this paper we will present a multi-level hierarchical control structure that allows the establishment of general priorities among behavioral primitives, and we will describe compliant control strategies for e‐cient control under contact interactions.
Developing Academic Literacy and Researchers' Identities: The Case of Multilingual Graduate Students.

Author(s): Elola, Idoia; Nakatsukasa, Kimi; Tecedor, Marta | Abstract: A growing number of bilingual and multilingual national and international students are enrolling in graduate programs in the United States, creating an urgent need to understand how these writers build knowledge of unfamiliar academic genres and become part of their disciplinary academic communities (Selony, 2014). Such students struggle with specific-to-the-discipline composition of written texts, exerting their agency in new academic tasks, and research identity issues. Following an activity theory framework, this case study investigates how three graduate students with diverse educational, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds (Spanish as L1, L2, and heritage language and English as L1, L2, and dominant language) experienced these processes and overcame obstacles by examining (1) the goals as students’ understanding of the research project evolved, (2) the construction of students’ identities as researchers, and (3) the impact of goals and identity on their investment in learning. Two end-of- semester interviews and 19 reflections over two semesters were collected. The results of a bottom-up content analysis illustrate how the situated and negotiated nature of the writing process aids multilingual writers’ transition to more sophisticated academic writing and builds in them a sense of identity as researchers. These findings can serve as a point of departure for developing instructional frameworks that better guide multilingual writers to successfully navigate academia in the United States.
Evaluating the effectiveness of a mindfulness coloring activity for test anxiety in children

ABSTRACT The authors investigated the effectiveness of a mindfulness art activity compared with a free draw/coloring activity on test anxiety in children. The sample consisted of 152 students (50% female; Mage = 10.38 years, SD = 0.88 years) randomly assigned to a mindful (n = 76) or free (n = 76) group. Participants completed a standardized measure of anxiety and state mindfulness before and after the coloring activity, immediately before a spelling test, as well as a measure of dispositional mindfulness. Results revealed an overall significant decrease in test anxiety and an overall significant increase in state mindfulness following the interventions. Furthermore, although a significant negative correlation was found between dispositional mindfulness and change in state mindfulness pre- and post-coloring intervention, a significant positive correlation was found between dispositional mindfulness and pre-intervention state mindfulness, suggesting a possible ceiling effect. Explanations for these findings and implications for school personnel and future research are discussed.
Progenitor mass of the type IIp supernova 2005cs

Context. The progenitor mass of type IIP supernova can be determined from either hydrodynamic modeling of the event or pre-explosion observations. Aims. To compare these approaches, we determine parameters of the sub-luminous supernova 2005cs and estimate its progenitor mass. Methods. We compute the hydrodynamic models of the supernova to describe its light curves and expansion velocity data. Results. We estimate a presupernova mass of 17.3± 1 M⊙, an explosion energy of (4.1± 0.3)× 10 50 erg, a presupernova radius of 600± 140 R⊙, and a radioactive 56 Ni mass of 0.0082± 0.0016 M⊙. The derived progenitor mass of SN 2005cs is 18.2± 1 M⊙, which is in-between those of low-luminosity and normal type IIP supernovae. Conclusions. The obtained progenitor mass of SN 2005cs is higher than derived from pre-explosion images. The masses of four type IIP supernovae estimated by means of hydrodynamic modeling are systematically higher than the average progenitor mass for the 9− 25 M⊙ mass range. This result, if confirmed for a larger sample, would im ply that a serious revision of the present-day view on the pro genitors of type IIP supernovae is required.
HLA-D region-associated determinants serve as targets for human cell- mediated lysis

Effector cells for cell-mediated lysis (CML) were generated by in vitro culture of lymphocytes from selected donors with X-irradiated cells from unrelated subjects who were HLA-D homozygous and matched to the responders for the antigens of the HLA-A and HLA-B regions. By using chromium labeled monocytes as target cells, cytotoxicity was found to correlate with presence of HLA-D region antigens matching those of the stimulating cells. Such CML reactions apparently directed at products of HLA-D, were inhibited by addition of unlabeled monocytes or B lymphocytes. These unlabeled cells had to be matched for HLA-D with the stimulating cells used to generate the effector populations. The results suggested that products of HLA-D, perhaps the DR antigens, were recognized by cytotoxic lymphocytes.
A Functional Screen for Myc-Responsive Genes Reveals Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase, a Major Source of the One-Carbon Unit for Cell Metabolism

ABSTRACT A cDNA library enriched with Myc-responsive cDNAs but depleted of myc cDNAs was used in a functional screen for growth enhancement in c-myc-null cells. A cDNA clone for mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (mSHMT) that was capable of partial complementation of the growth defects of c-myc-null cells was identified. Expression analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that mSHMT is a direct Myc target gene. Furthermore, a separate gene encoding the cytoplasmic isoform of the same enzyme is also a direct target of Myc regulation. SHMT enzymes are the major source of the one-carbon unit required for folate metabolism and for the biosynthesis of nucleotides and amino acids. Our data establish a novel functional link between Myc and the regulation of cellular metabolism.
Is self-promotion evaluated more positively if it is accurate? Reexamining the role of accuracy and modesty on the perception of self-promotion

Abstract The present research sought to conceptually replicate and extend previous research showing that accurate self-promotional claims were associated with more favorable interpersonal evaluations than inaccurate claims, but that modest self-claims were evaluated most favorably. Across two experiments we found consistent evidence that a self-promotional claim paired with information that substantiates the claim is associated with more favorable interpersonal evaluations compared to when the claim is unsubstantiated. Despite proposed generational increases in narcissism and public venues for self-promotion, we found that that modest claims are evaluated even more positively than self-promotional claims. The discussion emphasizes the contribution of these findings to an understanding of the consequences of self-promotion.
Interactive comment on “ VOC emissions from dry leaf litter and their dependence on temperature ” by L

VOC emissions from dry leaf litter and their dependence on temperature L. Derendorp, R. Holzinger, A. Wishkerman, F. Keppler, and T. Röckmann Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584ED Utrecht, The Netherlands Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Joh. -Joachim-Becher-Weg 2, 55128 Mainz, Germany Received: 11 January 2010 – Accepted: 12 January 2010 – Published: 2 February 2010 Correspondence to: L. Derendorp (l.derendorp@uu.nl) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution

A year after the publication of Dicey's LAW OF THE CONSTITUTION, William Gladstone was reading it aloud in the House of Commons, citing it as authority. It remains, to this day, a starting point for the study of the English Constitution and comparative constitutional law. THE LAW OF THE CONSTITUTION elucidates the guiding principles of the modern constitution of England: the legislative sovereignty of Parliament, the rule of law, and the binding force of unwritten conventions. Dicey's goal was "to provide students with a manual which may impress these leading principles on their minds, and thus may enable them to study with benefit in Blackstone's Commentaries and other treatises of the like nature those legal topics which, taken together, make up the constitutional law of England. "
The Last Bastion of Rehabilitation: Contextualizing Youth Correctionalism in Canada

This article draws on research conducted with Canadian provincial correctional officers who have experience with youth in closed-custodial settings since the enactment of the 2003 Youth Criminal Justice Act. In Canada, where attempts to avoid a full embrace of the punitive turn seem to be persistent, we examine youth justice as the “last bastion” of the rehabilitative ideal as mediated by youth correctional officers. Our findings reveal that while officers retain a clear commitment to the ideal of rehabilitation and a desire to “save” young people, they are increasingly under siege by the changing context of prison, shifting managerial priorities, and the paradox of trying to help convicted youth in an inherently punitive environment.
Radiation Reaction in Classical Electrodynamics : the Case of Rotating Charged Sphere

In classical electrodynamics for rotating with variable angular velocity charged rigid sphere are found: the exact values of electromagnetic fields, the flux of radiating energy and the exact integral equation of rotation including the terms of self-rotation. The analysis of this eq. shows that on one hand, there is no "runaway" solutions, peculiar to the Lorentz-Dirac eq. of radiating point particle, on the other hand, there appear new problems, among them is the nonexistence of solution for some external moments of force.
Sectoral Labour Flows and Agricultural Wages in India, 1983-2004: Has Growth Trickled Down?

We would like to thank Paul Beaudry, Andrew Foster, Shubashis Gangopadhyay, Peter Lanjouw, Dilip Mookherjee, Suresh Tendulkar, Alessandro Tarrozi, the participants of the World Bank workshop on Equity and Development (7-8 December 2004) and the participants of the “Workshop on the Indian Economy: Policy and Performance 1980-2000” held at the Centre for India and South Asia Research, University of British Columbia in Vancouver (in June 2005) for their helpful comments. We are grateful to the Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute for financial support through the SHARP programme and to India Development Foundation, Gurgaon, for their hospitality and generous support.Mukesh Eswaran (
The Effect of Pre-Operative Preparation Program and Mothers Presence during Induction on Anxiety Level and Behavior Change in Young Children Undergoing Elective Surgery

Perioperative anxiety is a complex combination of fear, apprehension and worry often accompanied by physical sensations. Preoperative preparation programs allow reduce anxiety, it is effective and can prevent many behavioral and physiologic manifestations of anxiety as well. The study aimed to evaluate The effect of pre-operative preparation program and mothers presence during induction on anxiety level and behavior change in young children undergoing elective surgery. This study was carried out in the Pediatric Surgery department at new surgical hospital affiliated to the Zagazig University hospital. A quasiexperimental design was used in this study. The total number of children undergoing elective surgery (appendectomy and herniorrhapy) throughout the year of 2011 were 153. Only 120 child accompanied his/her mother who agree to participate in this study. The participants were randomly and equally assigned by the researchers into two group; study and control group. Data were collected using Speilberger state anxiety inventories to assess the level of children and mothers anxiety , Post Hospitalization Behavioral Questionnaire to assess postoperative behaviors change of children and induction compliance checklist to assess children compliance during induction of anesthesia. The finding of the study indicated that the mean of the state anxiety scores of children in study and control groups before intervention were 45.16±3.18 and 45.23±3,19, after intervention 36.63±2.18 and 44.8±3.18 respectively. The state anxiety score was lower significantly in the study group prior to surgery than in the control group (P=0.001). While, The mean and standard deviation of the state anxiety scores of mothers in study and control groups before intervention were 41.8±3.11 and 42.23±3,12, after intervention 36.8±2.19 and 43.8±3.17 respectively. The state anxiety score was lower significantly in the study group prior to surgery than in the control group (P=0.01). The compliance of the children were significantly higher during the induction of anesthesia in the study group as compared with the control groups (65% vs 33.%, p = 0.001). Additionally, there was significant differences in the improvement of postoperative eating behaviors and decreased sleeping problems among the study group. It is recommended that The nursing personnel should take the preoperative therapeutic play intervention as a duty and regard it as a role in doing the nursing practices in order to give the children the psychological care beside the routine physical care. Moreover, they should enhance the development of communication skills and coping abilities of children that help in reducing their anxiety. [Amal G. sabaq and Samah El-Awady. The Effect of Pre-Operative Preparation Program and Mothers Presence during Induction on Anxiety Level and Behavior Change in Young Children Undergoing Elective Surgery. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):3798-3807]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 565
Cigarette smoking and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma and its subtypes: a pooled analysis from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph).

BACKGROUND The etiology of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) remains incompletely characterized. Studies of the association between smoking and HL have yielded ambiguous results, possibly due to differences between HL subtypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Through the InterLymph Consortium, 12 case-control studies regarding cigarette smoking and HL were identified. Pooled analyses on the association between smoking and HL stratified by tumor histology and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status were conducted using random effects models adjusted for confounders. Analyses included 3335 HL cases and 14 278 controls. RESULTS Overall, 54.5% of cases and 57.4% of controls were ever cigarette smokers. Compared with never smokers, ever smokers had an odds ratio (OR) of HL of 1.10 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.21]. This increased risk reflected associations with mixed cellularity cHL (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.29-1.99) and EBV-positive cHL (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.27-2.56) among current smokers, whereas risk of nodular sclerosis (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.90-1.32) and EBV-negative HL (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.72-1.44) was not increased. CONCLUSION These results support the notion of etiologic heterogeneity between HL subtypes, highlighting the need for HL stratification in future studies. Even if not relevant to all subtypes, our study emphasizes that cigarette smoking should be added to the few modifiable HL risk factors identified.
Models of causation and causal verbs

1 Introduction Recent models of causation place the concept of CAUSE within a broader framework of concepts that includes the notions of LETTING, HINDERING, HELPING and PREVENTING. In each model, the related concepts are defined in terms of a small set of conceptual distinctions. This paper examines the relationship between the cognitive and linguistic systems. Specifically, we investigate whether these models of causation can capture the distinctions that underlie the semantics of causal verbs. There are a number of structures that can be used to express the notion of CAUSE in English and other languages, including causal connectives (e.g., because), prepositions (because of, thanks to) and lexical causatives, i.e., verbs that encode both the notions of CAUSE and RESULT, as in Peter broke the stick (i.e., caused the stick to break). Yet another means of expressing CAUSE is the use of a verb that includes the notion of CAUSE without specification of a particular RESULT, as in the verbs cause, let, help or prevent Such verbs are often referred to as periphrastic causative verbs (also analytic, auxiliary or overt causatives). They are of special interest because they seem to encode most directly the range of notions suggested by recent models of causation. It is for this reason then that, in examining these models of causation, we focused on this small but well-known class of verbs. Specifically, we asked whether the class of periphrastic causative verbs is semantically organized in a manner consistent with recent models of causation. We addressed this question by first obtaining a relatively exhaustive list of the periphrastic causative verbs in the English language. We then derived possible semantic organizations for these verbs from two recent models of causation. To test between the two models, we compared the predicted organizations against those obtained from people in a series of sorting and rating experiments.
Intelligent Load Frequency Control of Two-Area Interconnected Power System and Comparative Analysis

This paper presents the design of an intelligent fuzzy gain scheduled proportional-integral (FGSPI) controller as the supplementary controller for load frequency control (LFC) of two-area interconnected power system with reheat type thermal unit of equal capacity in each area. The dynamic response has been studied for 1% step load perturbation in area-1. The proposed FGSPI controller is compared against conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller and state feedback linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller using settling times, overshoots and undershoots of the tie-line power and frequency deviations as performance indices. Comparative analysis indicates that the proposed intelligent controller gives better performance than conventional controllers. Simulations have been performed using Matlab®.
Informality, emotion and gendered career paths: The hidden toll of maternity leave on female academics and researchers

While the negative impact of child‐raising and caring on women's career progression in academia is well‐established, less is known about the role of academic women's lived experiences of maternity leave as an institutional practice. This article presents the findings of a qualitative study of the lived experiences of female academics and researchers in an Irish university. The analysis intrinsically links organizational structures and problems with the lived and felt dimensions of work. The findings point to the need for better structural accommodations for maternity leave which address the relationship between caring and career disadvantage within academia. The article adds to existing literature on the intersection of motherhood and academia by unpicking the specific role of maternity leave as both a lived experience and an institutional practice that can reinforce gender inequalities in academia.