Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of the reptile and amphibian assemblages from the Stormberg of southern Africa

The Molteno, Elliot, and Clarens formations comprise the continental Stormberg Group of the Karoo Basin of South Africa and Lesotho. The Molteno Formation contains a well preserved macroand microfloral assemblage but apparently no vertebrates; the Elliot and Clarens formations contain abundant vertebrates but virtually no floral remains. The vertebrate taxa represented by skeletal remains are listed and divided into two assemblages the lower Stormberg (lower Elliot) and upper Stormberg (upper Elliot and Clarens) assemblages. The abundant, diagnosable footprint taxa are revised and their names reduced to eight genera. These ichnotaxa also fall into two biostratigraphic zones that parallel the skeletal assemblages. Comparison of the faunal assemblages with those of the European type section strongly suggests that the lower Stormberg assemblage is Late Triassic (CarnianNorian) in age while the upper Stormberg assemblage is Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Pliensbachian) in age. Comparisons with other continental assemblages from other areas suggest that the upper Stormberg (upper Elliot and Clarens formations) assemblage broadly correlates with the upper Newark Supergroup of eastern North America, the Glen Canyon of the southwestern United States, and the lower Lufeng Series of China all thought to be of Early Jurassic age on the basis of floral and/or radiometric evidence. Based on these correlations, previously published paleobiogeographic maps are revised; these show a shift from Late Triassic floral and faunal provinciality to Early Jurassic homogeneity. This shift was synchronous with a widening of the equatorial arid zone.
Luminescence properties of natural muscovite relevant to optical dating of contaminated quartz samples

Muscovite is a mineral commonly found along quartz in sediments, where the latter is the mineral of choice in numerous optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating studies. Since muscovite cannot be efficiently eliminated following standard laboratory treatments, it is important to assess its luminescence properties. This study is focused on the investigation of muscovite hand-picked from a quartz sample extracted from loess and of museum specimens of muscovite in order to evaluate their potential implication in the OSL dating of quartz samples contaminated with muscovite grains. The obtained results show that generally applicable luminescence characteristics cannot be described for muscovite. In terms of the thermoluminescence (TL) response, all samples investigated display the same wide peak at 200 °C. The blue light and infrared (IR) sensitivities differ between the samples: 3 out of 5 samples present no or negligible level of OSL and IRSL response, while the other 2 samples are characterised by both blue light (2000–3400 counts in 0.31 s of stimulation for 10mg of muscovite after irradiation with a dose of 136 Gy) and IR sensitivity (265–320 counts in 0.31 s of stimulation for 10mg of muscovite after irradiation with a dose of 136 Gy). Based on the samples analysed in this study, aliquots of quartz contaminated with optically (blue light) sensitive muscovite would also be IR sensitive. Hence, potentially problematic aliquots can be identified via the IRSL purity test usually used in the OSL dating of quartz samples for detection of feldspar contamination. The impact of muscovite on dose determination for quartz was also tested and it was concluded that at least in the case of bright quartz, muscovite minerals do not influence the OSL
Does physical pain augment anxious attachment?

This study tested the hypothesis derived from social pain theory (MacDonald & Leary, 2005) that pain affect serves as a signal of perceived social exclusion. Participants ranging in experience of persistent physical pain completed measures of pain affect, anxious and avoidant attachment, anxiety, and depression. Higher levels of pain affect were found to relate to higher levels of anxious, but not avoidant, attachment. Further, anxious attachment partially mediated the relation between pain affect and emotional distress. These data support the conclusion that one reason individuals with persistent pain experience anxiety and depression is because of heightened concerns over rejection. The data also support the conclusion that anxious attachment is more strongly related to the fight–flight–freezing system than avoidant attachment.
Management of High-energy Avulsive Ballistic Facial Injury: A Review of the Literature and Algorithmic Approach

Background: High-energy avulsive ballistic facial injuries pose one of the most significant reconstructive challenges. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate management trends and outcomes for the treatment of devastating ballistic facial trauma. Furthermore, we describe the senior author’s early and definitive staged reconstructive approach to these challenging patients. Methods: A Medline search was conducted to include studies that described timing of treatment, interventions, complications, and/or aesthetic outcomes. Results: Initial query revealed 41 articles, of which 17 articles met inclusion criteria. A single comparative study revealed that early versus delayed management resulted in a decreased incidence of soft-tissue contracture, required fewer total procedures, and resulted in shorter hospitalizations (level 3 evidence). Seven of the 9 studies (78%) that advocated delayed reconstruction were from the Middle East, whereas 5 of the 6 studies (83%) advocating immediate or early definitive reconstruction were from the United States. No study compared debridement timing directly in a head-to-head fashion, nor described flap selection based on defect characteristics. Conclusions: Existing literature suggests that early and aggressive intervention improves outcomes following avulsive ballistic injuries. Further comparative studies are needed; however, although evidence is limited, the senior author presents a 3-stage reconstructive algorithm advocating early and definitive reconstruction with aesthetic free tissue transfer in an attempt to optimize reconstructive outcomes of these complex injuries.
Compositional Abstraction and Safety Synthesis Using Overlapping Symbolic Models

In this paper, we develop a compositional approach to abstraction and safety synthesis for a general class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. Our approach makes it possible to define a symbolic abstraction by composing a set of symbolic subsystems that are overlapping in the sense that they can share some common state variables. We develop compositional safety synthesis techniques using such overlapping symbolic subsystems. Comparisons, in terms of conservativeness and of computational complexity, between abstractions and controllers obtained from different system decompositions are provided. Numerical experiments show that the proposed approach for symbolic control synthesis enables a significant complexity reduction with respect to the centralized approach, while reducing the conservatism with respect to compositional approaches using nonoverlapping subsystems.
Optimization of Thermal Instability Resistance of FG Flat Structures using an Improved Multi-objective Harmony Search Algorithm

M.R. Eslami † Professor Optimization of Thermal Instability Resistance of FG Flat Structures using an Improved Multi-objective Harmony Search Algorithm This paper presents a clear monograph on the optimization of thermal instability resistance of the FG (functionally graded) flat structures. For this aim, two FG flat structures, namely an FG beam and an FG circular plate, are considered. These structures are assumed to obey the first-order shear deformation theory, three-parameters power-law distribution of the constituents, and clamped boundary conditions. The objectives of the optimization problem are considered to be maximizing the critical buckling temperature and minimizing the structural mass. Also, the problems are confined to the range of elastic stability by considering an appropriate constraint criterion. This paper proposes the IMHSA algorithm (improved multi-objective harmony search algorithm) to deal with the stated problem. The capability of the proposed algorithm is examined by solving a benchmark problem. Results are shown as optimal pareto-points for the problems introduced in the paper and some pareto-points are tabulated in detail. Results reveal that the un-symmetric material distribution is not suitable to postpone the buckling temperature of the flat structures.
On Subclass of Harmonic Starlike Functions with Respect to K-Symmetric Points

For functions f = h + g which are harmonic, sense-preserving and univalent in the open unit disk U = {z : |z| < 1} with f (0) = h(0) = fz(0)− 1 = 0, we introduce SH (k) S (α) the class of harmonic starlike with respect to k-symmetric points satisfying the condition
Product-Related Response to Use of Black Models in Advertising

The use of black models in advertisements appears to be increasing. For instance, Kassarjian found that the frequency with which nonwhites appeared in ads doubled from 1965 to 1969 [3, 4]. As a result, the demand for black models has been rapidly expanding [1]. Most black models have been used in integrated settings. Recent work by Stafford and Birdwell using both verbal and pupil (eye camera) responses indicates that these ads are as favorably received by white respondents as are ads using only white models [5]. The use of ads containing only black models and directed toward mass audiences-largely white-might, however, obtain different results. How are ads using only black models perceived and received by white audiences? Are ads using black models rated as favorably by white audiences as the same ads using white models? Would the reaction of a white viewer or reader differ across product categories? Answers to these queries might help a marketing manager determine whether an ad using black models could be directed to a mass audience without reducing the favor of white customers, thus eliminating the expense of developing different ads for different audiences. Such concerns stimulated a recent experiment, using white college students.
Transistor level gate modeling for accurate and fast timing, noise, and power analysis

Current source based cell models are becoming a necessity for accurate timing and noise analysis at 65 nm and below. Voltage waveform shapes are increasingly more difficult to represent as simple ramps due to highly resistive interconnects and Miller cap effects at receiver gates. Propagation of complex voltage waveforms, and accurate modeling of nonlinear driver and receiver effects in crosstalk noise analysis require accurate cell models. A good cell model should be independent of input waveform and output load, should be easy to characterize and should not increase the complexity of a cell library with high-dimensional look-up tables. At the same time, it should provide high accuracy compared to SPICE for all analysis scenarios including multiple-input switching, and for all cell types and cell arcs, including those with high stacks. It should also be easily extendable for use in statistical STA and noise analysis, and one should be able to simulate it fast enough for practical use in multi-million gate designs. In this paper, we present a gate model built from fast transistor models (FXM) that has all the desired properties. Along with this model, we also present a multithreaded timing traversal approach that allows one to take advantage of the high accuracy provided by the FXM, at traditional STA speeds. Results are presented using a fully extracted 65 nm TSMC technology.
Constructing initial phonology in Mandarin Chinese: Syllabic or subsyllabic? A masked priming investigation

Recent research has put forward the idea that Chinese speech production is governed by the syllable as the fundamental phonological unit. However, it may be that onset priming might be more difficult to obtain in Mandarin Chinese. Therefore, in this study, the degree of overlap between prime and target was increased from C to CV (i.e., extending beyond the phoneme) as well as whether primes and targets had an overlapping structure (CV vs. CVN). Subsyllabic priming effects were found (i.e., onset + vowel overlap but not purely onset overlap), contrasting with the claim that the syllable is the compulsory building block in the initial construction of Mandarin Chinese phonology.
Transfusion Efficacy of Apheresis Platelet Concentrates Irradiated at the Day of Transfusion Is Significantly Superior Compared to Platelets Irradiated in Advance

Background: Gamma irradiation is currently the standard care to avoid transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Guidelines on gamma irradiation of blood components state that platelets (PLTs) can be irradiated at any stage in their 5-day storage and can thereafter be stored up to their normal shelf life of 5 days after collection. In this study, we explored whether the timing of irradiation has an effect on transfusion efficacy of apheresis PLT concentrates (APCs). Methods: Based on the 1-hour percent PLT recovery (PPR1h), transfusion efficacy of 1,000 eligible APCs transfused to 144 children were evaluated retrospectively. PPR1h was compared in transfused APCs irradiated at the day of transfusion and APCs irradiated in advance. Results: In univariate analysis, transfusion efficacy of APCs irradiated in advance was significantly lower than that of APCs irradiated at the day of transfusion (mean PPR1h 27.7 vs. 35.0%; p = 0.007). This was confirmed in multivariate analysis (p = 0.030). Compared to non-irradiated APCs, transfusion efficacy of APCs irradiated at the day of transfusion was not significantly inferior (mean difference -2.8%; 95% CI -6.1 to 0.5%; p = 0.092), but APCs irradiated in advance were clearly less efficient (mean difference -8.1%; 95% CI -12.2 to -4.0%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our data strongly support that APCs should not be irradiated in advance, i.e., ≥24 h before transfusion.
The family and romantic relationships of trans and gender diverse Australians: an exploratory survey

The present paper contributes an Australian focus to the growing body of research on trans and gender diverse people's family and romantic relationships. A survey designed by the authors was completed by 160 trans or gender diverse Australians. A negative correlation was found between discrimination from families of origin and perceptions of support, and conversely a positive correlation was found between perceptions of support and emotional closeness. Analysis of open-ended responses suggested that support was primarily constituted by (1) emotional support, (2) utilising correct pronouns and names, and (3) financial support. Discrimination by families of origin was primarily constituted by (1) refusal to use correct pronouns and names, (2) exclusion from family events, and (3) pathologising responses. The findings in regard to romantic relationships suggest that trans women were more likely than trans men or gender diverse people to experience challenges in negotiating romantic relationships. A negative correlation was found between difficulties in negotiating romantic relationships and belief in the likelihood that an “ideal” romantic relationship would occur in the future. Difficulties in negotiating romantic relationships were primarily described in terms of (1) anxiety over potential responses, (2) discrimination from potential partners, and (3) lack of self-acceptance. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for clinical practice.
Report of a Rare Case of Gorham-Stout Disease of Both Shoulders: Bisphosphonate Treatment and Shoulder Replacement

Massive osteolysis known as Gorham-Stout disease is a rare idiopathic disorder typically affecting long bones in a unifocal pattern. Angiomatosis is strongly connected to the osteolysis. Weather angiomatosis is the cause or the result of osteolysis is subject of intense discussion (Kawasaki et al. (2003), Möller et al. (1999), Radhakrishnan and Rockson (2008)). There are about 200 cases described since 1955. Our patient is a 77-year-old female patient with osteolyses of both shoulders involving the proximal humerus, lateral clavicle, and the glenoid. Under bisphosphonate therapy, the progressive osteolysis stopped on the right side and showed progression on the left. With the patient complaining about severe rest pain and impaired function, we performed surgical reconstruction by implantation of total shoulder prosthesis three months after onset of symptoms. Our case shows a possibility of primary and early surgical reconstruction with good clinical outcome.
Interplay between energy dissipation and reservoir-induced thermalization in nonequilibrium quantum nanodevices

A solid state electronic nanodevice is an intrinsically open quantum system, exchanging both energy with the host material and carriers with connected reservoirs. Its out-of-equilibrium behavior is determined by a nontrivial interplay between electronic dissipation and decoherence induced by inelastic processes within the device, and the coupling of the latter to metallic electrodes. We propose a unified description, based on the density matrix formalism, that accounts for both these aspects, enabling us to predict various steady-state as well as ultrafast nonequilibrium phenomena, nowadays experimentally accessible. More specifically, we derive a generalized density-matrix equation, particularly suitable for the design and optimization of a wide class of electronic and optoelectronic quantum devices. The power and flexibility of this approach is demonstrated with the application to a photoexcited triple-barrier nanodevice
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a proactive, goal-oriented, integrated care model in general practice for older people. A cluster randomised controlled trial: Integrated Systematic Care for older People—the ISCOPE study

Background: older people often experience complex problems. Because of multiple problems, care for older people in general practice needs to shift from a ‘problem-based, disease-oriented’ care aiming at improvement of outcomes per disease to a ‘goal-oriented care’, aiming at improvement of functioning and personal quality of life, integrating all healthcare providers. Feasibility and cost-effectiveness of this proactive and integrated way of working are not yet established. Design: cluster randomised trial. Participants: all persons aged ≥75 in 59 general practices (30 intervention, 29 control), with a combination of problems, as identified with a structured postal questionnaire with 21 questions on four health domains. Intervention: for participants with problems on ≥3 domains, general practitioners (GPs) made an integrated care plan using a functional geriatric approach. Control practices: care as usual. Outcome measures: (i) quality of life (QoL), (ii) activities of daily living, (iii) satisfaction with delivered health care and (iv) cost-effectiveness of the intervention at 1-year follow-up. Trial registration: Netherlands trial register, NTR1946. Results: of the 11,476 registered eligible older persons, 7,285 (63%) participated in the screening. One thousand nine hundred and twenty-one (26%) had problems on ≥3 health domains. For 225 randomly chosen persons, a care plan was made. No beneficial effects were found on QoL, patients' functioning or healthcare use/costs. GPs experienced better overview of the care and stability, e.g. less unexpected demands, in the care. Conclusions: GPs prefer proactive integrated care. ‘Horizontal’ care using care plans for older people with complex problems can be a valuable tool in general practice. However, no direct beneficial effect was found for older persons.
Discovery of Antimicrobial Lipodepsipeptides Produced by a Serratia sp. within Mosquito Microbiomes

The Anopheles mosquito that harbors the Plasmodium parasite contains a microbiota that can influence both the vector and the parasite. In recent years, insect‐associated microbes have highlighted the untapped potential of exploiting interspecies interactions to discover bioactive compounds. In this study, we report the discovery of nonribosomal lipodepsipeptides that are produced by a Serratia sp. within the midgut and salivary glands of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. The lipodepsipeptides, stephensiolides A–K, have antibiotic activity and facilitate bacterial surface motility. Bioinformatic analyses indicate that the stephensiolides are ubiquitous in nature and are likely important for Serratia spp. colonization within mosquitoes, humans, and other ecological niches. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of probing insect–microbiome interactions, enhance our understanding of the chemical ecology within Anopheles mosquitoes, and provide a secondary‐metabolite scaffold for further investigate of this complex relationship.
Causal Bayes Model of Mathematical Competence in Kindergarten

In this paper authors define mathematical competences in the kindergarten. The basic objective was to measure the mathematical competences or mathematical knowledge, skills and abilities in mathematical education. Mathematical competences were grouped in the following areas: Arithmetic and Geometry. Statistical set consisted of 59 children, 65 to 85 months of age, from the Kindergarten Milan Sachs from Zagreb. The authors describe 13 variables for measuring mathematical competences. Five measuring variables were described for the geometry, and eight measuring variables for the arithmetic. Measuring variables are tasks which children solved with the evaluated results. By measuring mathematical competences the authors make causal Bayes model using free software Tetrad 5.2. 1-3. Software makes many causal Bayes models and authors as experts chose the model of the mathematical competences in the kindergarten. Causal Bayes model describes five levels for mathematical competences. At the end of the modeling authors use Bayes estimator. In the results, authors describe by causal Bayes model of mathematical competences, causal effect mathematical competences or how intervention on some competences cause other competences. Authors measure mathematical competences with their expectation as random variables. When expectation of competences was greater, competences improved. Mathematical competences can be improved with intervention on causal competences. Levels of mathematical competences and the result of intervention on mathematical competences can help mathematical teachers.