Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hokupa’a-Gemini Discovery of Two Ultracool Companions to the Young Star HD 130948

We report the discovery of two faint ultracool companions to the nearby (d ~ 17.9 pc) young G2 V star HD 130948 (HR 5534, HIP 72567) using the Hokupa'a adaptive optics (AO) instrument mounted on the Gemini North 8 m telescope. Both objects have the same common proper motion as the primary star as seen over a 7 month baseline and have near-IR photometric colors that are consistent with an early L classification. Near-IR spectra taken with the NIRSPEC AO instrument on the Keck II telescope reveal K I lines, FeH, and H2O band heads. Based on these spectra, we determine that both objects have a spectral type of dL2 with an uncertainty of two spectral subclasses. The position of the new companions on the H-R diagram in comparison with theoretical models is consistent with the young age of the primary star (<0.8 Gyr) estimated on the basis of X-ray activity, lithium abundance, and fast rotation. HD 130948B and C likely constitute a pair of young contracting brown dwarfs with an orbital period of about 10 yr and will yield dynamical masses for L dwarfs in the near future.
Disunity and asynchrony of consciousness

The nature of consciousness continues to puzzle researchers in congnitive and neurobiological sciences, as well as non-specialists. One of the questions is that of the unity (or the lack thereof) of consciousness on various levels. In this paper I will give a short overview of the literature on this subject and present some thoughts.
Optimization of functional brain ROIs via maximization of consistency of structural connectivity profiles

Segregation and integration are two general principles of the brain's functional architecture; therefore brain network analysis is of significant importance in understanding brain function. Critical to brain network analysis and construction is the identification of reliable, reproducible and accurate network nodes, or Regions of Interest (ROIs). In this paper, based on functional ROIs derived from task-based fMRI, we propose a novel framework to optimize the location and size of the ROIs which ensures that the difference of structural connectivity profiles among a group of subjects is minimized. In order to facilitate the optimization procedure, we present a new approach to quantitatively describe and measure the fiber bundle similarity within and across subjects. This framework has been extensively evaluated and our experimental results suggest the promise of our approaches. This capability of accurately localizing brain network ROIs would open up many applications in brain imaging that rely on identification of functional ROIs.
Tranßcripting: playful subversion with Chinese characters

ABSTRACT This article discusses a relatively under-explored phenomenon that we call Tranßcripting – writing, designing and digitally generating new scripts with elements from different scriptal and semiotic systems. The data are drawn from examples of such scripts created by multilingual Chinese users in everyday online social interaction. We analyse the dynamic processes of how such scripts are created that transcend language boundaries as well as transforming the subjectivities of the writer and the reader. We are particularly interested in the playful subversiveness of such practices, and discuss it against the background of uni-scriptal language ideology in China. We are also interested in the methodological challenges of researching such practices, including the challenge of drawing distinctions between the ‘ordinary’ and the ‘unordinary’. We analyse the data from a translanguaging perspective.
MORPHOLOGICAL QUENCHING OF STAR FORMATION: MAKING EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES RED

We point out a natural mechanism for quenching of star formation in early-type galaxies (ETGs). It automatically links the color of a galaxy with its morphology and does not require gas consumption, removal or termination of gas supply. Given that star formation takes place in gravitationally unstable gas disks, it can be quenched when a disk becomes stable against fragmentation to bound clumps. This can result from the growth of a stellar spheroid, for instance by mergers. We present the concept of morphological quenching (MQ) using standard disk instability analysis, and demonstrate its natural occurrence in a cosmological simulation using an efficient zoom-in technique. We show that the transition from a stellar disk to a spheroid can be sufficient to stabilize the gas disk, quench star formation, and turn an ETG red and dead while gas accretion continues. The turbulence necessary for disk stability can be stirred up by sheared perturbations within the disk in the absence of bound star-forming clumps. While other quenching mechanisms, such as gas stripping, active galactic nucleus feedback, virial shock heating, and gravitational heating are limited to massive halos, MQ can explain the appearance of red ETGs also in halos less massive than ∼1012 M ☉. The dense gas disks observed in some of today's red ellipticals may be the relics of this mechanism, whereas red galaxies with quenched gas disks could be more frequent at high redshift.
Sex differences in QEEG in adolescents with conduct disorder and psychopathic traits

http://www.e-acn.org pISSN 2508-691X eISSN 2508-6960 copyright © 2019 the Korean Society of clinical neurophysiology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Sex differences in QEEG in adolescents with conduct disorder and psychopathic traits
Using Virtual Agents to Cue Observer Attention Assessment of the impact of agent animation

This paper describes an experiment developed to study the performance of virtual agent motion cues within digital interfaces. Increasingly, agents are used i n virtual environments as part of the branding process and to guide user interaction. However, the level of agent detail req uired to establish and enhance efficient allocation of atten tion remains unclear. Although complex agent motion is now possible, it is costly to implement and so should only be routinely implemented if a clear benefit can be shown. Previo us methods of assessing the effect of gaze-cueing as a solutio n to scene complexity have relied principally on manual responses. The current study used an eye-movement recorder to directly assess the immediate overt allocation of attention by capturing the participant's eye-fixations following presentat ion of a cueing stimulus. We found that fully animated agents speed up user interaction with the interface. When user atte ntion was directed using a fully animated agent cue, users re sponded 35% faster when compared with stepped 2-image agent cues, and 42% faster when compared with a static 1-image cue. These results inform techniques aimed at engaging users' attention in complex scenes such as computer games or digital transactions in social contexts by demonstrating th e benefits of gaze cueing directly on the users eye movements, no t just their manual responses.
Integration of Stapled A-REIT, Stock and Bond Returns

This paper examines stapled and traditional A-REITs, and their long-run relationships to common stocks, bonds, direct commercial real estate investments, and changes to consumer price inflation from December 1979 to June 2009. Stapled and traditional A-REIT indices are constructed from a sample of 71 A-REITs using the Standard and Poor’s index construction methodology. Using the Johansen (1990) cointegration analysis, long-run economic linkages among these assets are explored. A comparison of short-run adjustment processes under the vector autoregressive and vector error correction frameworks is also presented. The results from a dataset with monthly frequency show that stapled A-REITs are integrated with the overall stock market, whereas traditional A-REITs are integrated with the bond market. When examined on a quarterly basis, changes to direct commercial property returns were significant in the short-run adjustment processes for the overall A-REIT market.
Interference Channel with State Information

In this paper, we study the state-dependent two-user interference channel, where the state information is non-causally known at both transmitters but unknown to either of the receivers. We first propose two coding schemes for the discrete memoryless case: simultaneous encoding for the sub-messages in the first one and superposition encoding in the second one, both with rate splitting and Gel'fand-Pinsker coding. The corresponding achievable rate regions are established. Moreover, for the Gaussian case, we focus on the simultaneous encoding scheme and propose an \emph{active interference cancellation} mechanism, which is a generalized dirty-paper coding technique, to partially eliminate the state effect at the receivers. The corresponding achievable rate region is then derived. We also propose several heuristic schemes for some special cases: the strong interference case, the mixed interference case, and the weak interference case. For the strong and mixed interference case, numerical results are provided to show that active interference cancellation significantly enlarges the achievable rate region. For the weak interference case, flexible power splitting instead of active interference cancellation improves the performance significantly.
Change of the aortic elasticity in rheumatoid arthritis: Relationship to associated cardiovascular risk factors

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease, which is associated with an excess of cardiovascular events. A decrease in the compliance of the arterial system, termed arterial stiffness, results in increased cardiac workload. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a priority for modern medicine. Therefore, further studies are required to explore the mechanisms through which CVD increases in RA. Patients and Methods: This case–control study was performed to detect possible change of aortic elasticity in patients with RA, and to estimate the impact of different cardiovascular and atherogenic risk factors on the severity of arterial stiffness. Sixty-three consecutive adults with RA were enrolled for the study (case group). Forty-one healthy adults matched for age and gender were considered as a control group. All were subjected to assessment of aortic stiffness index and various cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with rheumatoid disease (case group) were divided by their aortic stiffness index status to two groups (A and B, with and without aortic stiffness, respectively). Results: Aortic stiffness was present in 31.7% of the RA patients. Age of the patients, duration of RA, smoking index, waist circumference, triglycerides levels, and CRP were significantly higher in patients with aortic stiffness. Conclusion: RA is associated with decreased elasticity of the aorta in both genders, and such changes seem to be higher in the presence of visceral obesity, smoking, high triglycerides, and extraarticular disease severity.
Corporate Control and Multiple Large Shareholders ∗ November 16 , 2009

Recent evidence on financial structures within firms suggests that concentrated ownership in the form of several large shareholders, rather than dispersed ownership, is the norm. This is puzzling given that often the stakes are too big for optimal diversification and too small to guarantee control. This paper attempts to provide an explanation. We consider a setting where multiple shareholders have endogenous conflicts of interest depending on the size of their stake. Such conflicts arise because larger shareholders tend to be less well diversified and would therefore prefer the firm to pursue more conservative investment policies, while dispersed shareholders prefer high risk, high return policies. A second blockholder (or more) can mitigate the conflict by shifting the voting outcome more towards the dispersed shareholders’ preferred investment policy and this raises the share price. Having a larger stake increases the ability to change decisions: however, it also changes the preferences of the shareholders, reducing the incentive to buy larger shares. The main contribution of the paper is to show the conditions under which blockholder equilibria exist when there are endogenous conflicts of interest. The model shows how different ownership structures affect firm value and IPO’s underpricing.
The Two-dimensional XMM-Newton Group Survey: z < 0.012 Groups

We present the results of the two-dimensional XMM-Newton Group Survey (2dXGS), an archival study of nearby galaxy groups. In this paper we consider 11 nearby systems (z < 0.012) in Mulchaey et al., which span a broad range in X-ray luminosity from 1040 to 1043 ergs s-1. We measure the iron abundance and temperature distribution in these systems and derive pressure and entropy maps. We find statistically significant evidence for structure in the entropy and pressure of the gas component of seven groups on the 10%-20% level. The XMM-Newton data for the three groups with best statistics also suggest patchy metallicity distributions within the central 20-50 kpc of the brightest group galaxy, probed with 2-10 kpc resolution. This provides insights into the processes associated with thermalization of the stellar mass loss. Analysis of the global properties of the groups reveals a subclass of X-ray-faint groups, which are characterized by both higher entropy and lower pressure. We suggest that the merger history of the central elliptical is responsible for both the source and the observed thermodynamical properties of the hot gas of the X-ray-faint groups.
Engineered Single-Domain Antibodies with High Protease Resistance and Thermal Stability

The extreme pH and protease-rich environment of the upper gastrointestinal tract is a major obstacle facing orally-administered protein therapeutics, including antibodies. Through protein engineering, several Clostridium difficile toxin A-specific heavy chain antibody variable domains (VHHs) were expressed with an additional disulfide bond by introducing Ala/Gly54Cys and Ile78Cys mutations. Mutant antibodies were compared to their wild-type counterparts with respect to expression yield, non-aggregation status, affinity for toxin A, circular dichroism (CD) structural signatures, thermal stability, protease resistance, and toxin A-neutralizing capacity. The mutant VHHs were found to be well expressed, although with lower yields compared to wild-type counterparts, were non-aggregating monomers, retained low nM affinity for toxin A, albeit the majority showed somewhat reduced affinity compared to wild-type counterparts, and were capable of in vitro toxin A neutralization in cell-based assays. Far-UV and near-UV CD spectroscopy consistently showed shifts in peak intensity and selective peak minima for wild-type and mutant VHH pairs; however, the overall CD profile remained very similar. A significant increase in the thermal unfolding midpoint temperature was observed for all mutants at both neutral and acidic pH. Digestion of the VHHs with the major gastrointestinal proteases, at biologically relevant concentrations, revealed a significant increase in pepsin resistance for all mutants and an increase in chymotrypsin resistance for the majority of mutants. Mutant VHH trypsin resistance was similar to that of wild-type VHHs, although the trypsin resistance of one VHH mutant was significantly reduced. Therefore, the introduction of a second disulfide bond in the hydrophobic core not only increases VHH thermal stability at neutral pH, as previously shown, but also represents a generic strategy to increase VHH stability at low pH and impart protease resistance, with only minor perturbations in target binding affinities. These are all desirable characteristics for the design of protein-based oral therapeutics.
On capacity provisioning in datacenter networks for full bandwidth communication

Recent advances in datacenter network design have enabled full bandwidth communication based on the notion of Valiant load balancing. In this paper, we study from the link capacity viewpoint how such communication paradigm can be supported in the context of link failures, the study of which is currently absent. In particular, we target full bandwidth communication among all the servers, for all valid traffic patterns, and under k arbitrary link failures. We derive the minimum link capacity required on two typical datacenter topologies-VL2 and fat-tree. Our main finding is that given the same server scale, fat-tree requires less total link capacity than VL2 for 1 ≤ k ≤ n/4, where n denotes the port count of homogeneous switches used in fat-tree. For k > n/4, there exists a turning point from which VL2 becomes more capacity-efficient.
The Impact of Telemedicine Interventions Involving Routine Transmission of Blood Glucose Data with Clinician Feedback on Metabolic Control in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Our objective was to determine the impact of telemedicine (TM) interventions on the management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in youth. We performed a systematic review of randomized trials that evaluated TM interventions involving transmission of blood glucose data followed by unsolicited scheduled clinician feedback. We found no apparent effect of the TM interventions on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), severe hypoglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis. The limited data available on patient satisfaction, quality of life, and cost also suggested no differences between groups. It is unlikely that TM interventions, as performed in the assessed studies, had a substantial effect on glycemic control or acute complications. However, it remains possible that there are other benefits of TM not adequately reported, that newer TM strategies may be more effective and that interventions may benefit subgroups of youth, such as those with the poor glycemic control, adolescents, or those living in remote areas.
Elliptic Equations with Critical Growth and a Large Set of Boundary Singularities

We solve variationally certain equations of stellar dynamics of the form -Σ i ∂ ii (x) = in a domain Ω of ℝ n ,where A is a proper linear subspace of ℝ n . Existence problems are related to the question of attainability of the best constant in the following inequality due to Maz'ya (1985): 0 2 (see also Badiale-Tarantello (2002)). We investigate this question and how it depends on the relative position of the subspace P ⊥ , the orthogonal of P, with respect to the domain Ω, as well as on the curvature of the boundary ∂Ω at its points of intersection with P ⊥ .
Primacy of emotional vs. semantic scene recognition in peripheral vision

Emotional scenes were presented peripherally (5.2° away from fixation) or foveally (at fixation) for 150 ms. In affective evaluation tasks viewers judged whether a scene was unpleasant or not, or whether it was pleasant or not. In semantic categorisation tasks viewers judged whether a scene involved animals or humans (superordinate-level task), or whether it portrayed females or males (subordinate-level task). The same stimuli were used for the affective and the semantic task. Results indicated that in peripheral vision affective evaluation was less accurate and slower than animal/human discrimination, and did not show any advantage over gender discrimination. In addition, performance impairment in the peripheral relative to the foveal condition was greater or equivalent for affective than for semantic categorisation. These findings cast doubts on the specialness and the primacy of affective over semantic recognition. The findings are also relevant when considering the role of the subcortical “low route” in emotional processing.
Using CAD systems and e-Learning in radiologists training

Breast cancer is one of the most diagnosed types of cancer. Early detection of breast cancer is the best practice to reduce its high mortality rate. Double reading is a common practice to avoid missed cancer cases during the lecture of mammograms. Due to the high cost of this technique and the lack of certified radiologists, computer-aided diagnosis systems have become very popular in the last decade. However, this technique is not perfect, and has some significant disadvantages, like higher recall rates.
Do guidelines improve the process and outcomes of care in delirium?

OBJECTIVE To develop consensus guidelines for management of delirium and to assess their effectiveness in improving the outcomes and process of care in delirium. METHOD Guidelines for delirium were developed following a literature search and a formal multi-disciplinary consensus process using a two-stage Delphi technique. The process and outcomes of patients with delirium were then observed in a 'before' (211 patients) and an 'after' study (125 patients). Three levels of intervention were made in the 'after' study. (i) Feedback of baseline data only (low intensity intervention). (ii) As in (i), but also formal distribution of the guidelines to nurses and doctors (medium intensity intervention). (iii) As in (ii), but in addition the guidelines were reinforced with teaching sessions for the nurses and doctors (high intensity intervention). SETTING Older people (aged over 65 years) with delirium admitted to acute medical or acute elderly care wards in five district general hospitals in England. RESULTS Only in the high intervention group was there an improvement in process and outcome of care, but this failed to reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION Delirium is a poorly managed condition in older people and guidelines alone fail to improve the process and outcomes of care.
14-3-3σ Regulates β-Catenin-Mediated Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Proliferation by Sequestering GSK-3β

Background Pluripotent embryonic stem cells are considered to be an unlimited cell source for tissue regeneration and cell-based therapy. Investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of embryonic stem cell expansion is thus important. 14-3-3 proteins are implicated in controlling cell division, signaling transduction and survival by interacting with various regulatory proteins. However, the function of 14-3-3 in embryonic stem cell proliferation remains unclear. Methodology and Principal Findings In this study, we show that all seven 14-3-3 isoforms were detected in mouse embryonic stem cells. Retinoid acid suppressed selectively the expression of 14-3-3σ isoform. Knockdown of 14-3-3σ with siRNA reduced embryonic stem cell proliferation, while only 14-3-3σ transfection increased cell growth and partially rescued retinoid acid-induced growth arrest. Since the growth-enhancing action of 14-3-3σ was abrogated by β-catenin knockdown, we investigated the influence of 14-3-3σ overexpression on β-catenin/GSK-3β. 14-3-3σ bound GSK-3β and increased GSK-3β phosphorylation in a PI-3K/Akt-dependent manner. It disrupted β-catenin binding by the multiprotein destruction complex. 14-3-3σ overexpression attenuated β-catenin phosphorylation and rescued the decline of β-catenin induced by retinoid acid. Furthermore, 14-3-3σ enhanced Wnt3a-induced β-catenin level and GSK-3β phosphorylation. DKK, an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, abolished Wnt3a-induced effect but did not interfere GSK-3β/14-3-3σ binding. Significance Our findings show for the first time that 14-3-3σ plays an important role in regulating mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation by binding and sequestering phosphorylated GSK-3β and enhancing Wnt-signaled GSK-3β inactivation. 14-3-3σ is a novel target for embryonic stem cell expansion.