Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive, Water-soluble Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene) Statistical Copolymers by Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization

2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/styrene statistical copolymers (poly(DMAEMA-stat-styrene)) with feed compositions fDMAEMA = 80–95 mol%, (number average molecular weights Mn = 9.5–11.2 kg mol−1) were synthesized using succinimidyl ester-functionalized BlocBuilder alkoxyamine initiator at 80 °C in bulk. Polymerization rate increased three-fold on increasing fDMAEMA = 80 to 95 mol%. Linear Mn increases with conversion were observed up to about 50% conversion and obtained copolymers possessed monomodal, relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (polydispersity = 1.32–1.59). Copolymers with fDMAEMA = 80 and 90 mol% were also cleanly chain-extended with DMAEMA/styrene mixtures of 95 and 90 mol% DMAEMA, respectively, confirming the livingness of the copolymers. Copolymer phase behavior in aqueous solutions was examined by dynamic light scattering and UV-Vis spectroscopy. All copolymers exhibited lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type behavior. LCST decreased with increasing styrene content in the copolymer and with increasing solution concentration. All copolymers were completely water-soluble and temperature insensitive at pH 4 but were more hydrophobic at pH 10, particularly copolymers with fDMAEMA = 80 and 85 mol%, which were water-insoluble. At pH 10, LCST of copolymers with fDMAEMA = 90 and 95 mol% were more than 10 °C lower compared to their solutions in neutral, de-ionized water. Block copolymers with two statistical blocks with different DMAEMA compositions exhibited a single LCST, suggesting the block segments were not distinct enough to exhibit separate LCSTs in water.
3D and challenging materials

Museum collections are composed of many different materials with different optical properties. These properties are an important factor to consider when using 3D digitisation as museum artefacts cannot be sprayed with an opaque coating to avoid reflection and facilitate 3D scanning. In this paper we review a wide variety of materials and techniques in order to propose guidelines for the 3D digitisation of different materials.
A numerical scheme for Euler–Lagrange simulation of bubbly flows in complex systems

An Eulerian–Lagrangian approach is developed for the simulation of turbulent bubbly flows in complex systems. The liquid phase is treated as a continuum and the Navier–Stokes equations are solved in an unstructured grid, finite volume framework for turbulent flows. The dynamics of the disperse phase is modeled in a Lagrangian frame and includes models for the motion of each individual bubble, bubble size variations due to the local pressure changes, and interactions among the bubbles and with boundaries. The bubble growth/collapse is modeled by the Rayleigh–Plesset (RP) equation. Three modeling approaches are considered: (a) one‐way coupling, where the influence of the bubble on the fluid flow is neglected, (b) two‐way coupling, where the momentum‐exchange between the fluid and the bubbles is modeled, and (c) volumetric coupling, where the volumetric displacement of the fluid by the bubble motion and the momentum‐exchange are modeled. A novel adaptive time‐stepping scheme based on stability‐analysis of the non‐linear bubble dynamics equations is developed. The numerical approach is verified for various single bubble test cases to show second‐order accuracy. Interactions of multiple bubbles with vortical flows are simulated to study the effectiveness of the volumetric coupling approach in predicting the flow features observed experimentally. Finally, the numerical approach is used to perform a large‐eddy simulation in two configurations: (i) flow over a cavity to predict small‐scale cavitation and inception and (ii) a rising dense bubble plume in a stationary water column. The results show good predictive capability of the numerical algorithm in capturing complex flow features. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical Approach to Programs as Data Objects

This essay accompanies a selection of 32 articles (referred to in bold face in the text and marginally marked in the bibliographic references) submitted to Aarhus University towards a Doctor Scientiarum degree in Computer Science. The author's previous academic degree, beyond a doctoral degree in June 1986, is an "Habilitation a diriger les recherches" from the Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) in France; the corresponding material was submitted in September 1992 and the degree was obtained in January 1993. The present 32 articles have all been written since 1993 and while at DAIMI. Except for one other PhD student, all co-authors are or have been the author's students here in Aarhus.
Early detection of arterial bleeding in acute pelvic trauma.

OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of intravenous contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) in the detection of potentially life-threatening retroperitoneal hemorrhage in patients sustaining pelvic fractures, acetabular fractures or both. DESIGN Retrospective review of sequential patients identified over a 1-year period by using a prospectively collected trauma database at two Level I trauma centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A group of patients admitted to one of two Level I trauma centers with pelvic or acetabular injuries between September 1, 1995, and September 30, 1996, was identified by using a prospectively collected trauma database. From this cohort, we selected those individuals who had undergone intravenous CECT scanning within 24 hours after admission and who had an Abbreviated Injury Score more than 3 because of their pelvic injury. Those individuals who required arterial embolization for uncontrolled hemodynamic shock were categorized as having "significant arterial bleeding" attributable to their pelvic injury. Individuals who regained hemodynamic ,stability without embolization were categorized as having "no significant arterial bleeding. " Two observers who were blinded to clinical information and the results of angiography reviewed all injury radiographs and computed tomographic scans. The presence or absence of contrast extravasation on intravenous CECT was recorded. Each case was then categorized into a 2 x 2 table depending on the presence of contrast extravasation on CECT and the need for arterial embolization to determine the accuracy of the "contrast extravasation sign. " RESULTS Of the 192 eligible patients, 111 met the inclusion criteria. Eleven patients required an angiogram for ongoing hemodynamic instability. The sensitivity of extravasation on contrast enhanced computed tomography representing a significant arterial bleeding was 80%, and the specificity was 98%. The predictive value of a positive contrast "extravasation sign" was 80%, whereas the predictive value of a negative test was 98%. The likelihood ratio of a positive test was 40.4, and the likelihood ratio of a negative test was 0.204. CONCLUSION The finding of contrast extravasation on CECT is highly suggestive of significant arterial bleeding that requires early angiographic embolization to restore hemodynamic stability.
Profiling of organosulphur compounds using HPLC-PDA and GC/MS system and antioxidant activities in hooker chive (Allium hookeri)

Abstract This study investigates the comprehensive organosulphur compounds and evaluation of antioxidant activities in Allium hookeri, called hooker chive. The non-volatile and volatile organosulphur compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Among 11 non-volatileorganosulphur compounds, methiin and cycloalliin were major compounds. A total of 42 volatile compounds were identified and allyl methyl sulphides and dimethyl sulphides were primarily volatiles. The total phenols ranged from 19.32 to 71.19 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. The antioxidant capacities expressed IC50 values ranged from 9.59 to 38.54 mg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging activity and from 0.39 to 2.36 for ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. The results were proposed as useful tools for evaluating the nutraceutical of hooker chive.
Dyslipidemia among HIV-infected Patients with Tuberculosis Taking Once-daily Nonnucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitor–Based Antiretroviral Therapy in India

HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis who initiate nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase-based anti-retroviral treatment in combination with rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment demonstrate increases in total cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, and high-density cholesterol levels but no change in blood glucose level after 1 year. Cholesterol increases were more frequent among patients receiving efavirenz.
Analysis of Robust PCA via Local Incoherence

We investigate the robust PCA problem of decomposing an observed matrix into the sum of a low-rank and a sparse error matrices via convex programming Principal Component Pursuit (PCP). In contrast to previous studies that assume the support of the error matrix is generated by uniform Bernoulli sampling, we allow non-uniform sampling, i.e., entries of the low-rank matrix are corrupted by errors with unequal probabilities. We characterize conditions on error corruption of each individual entry based on the local incoherence of the low-rank matrix, under which correct matrix decomposition by PCP is guaranteed. Such a refined analysis of robust PCA captures how robust each entry of the low rank matrix combats error corruption. In order to deal with non-uniform error corruption, our technical proof introduces a new weighted norm and develops/exploits the concentration properties that such a norm satisfies.
Reduce, You Say: What NoSQL Can Do for Data Aggregation and BI in Large Repositories

Data aggregation is one of the key features used in databases, especially for Business Intelligence (e.g., ETL, OLAP) and analytics/data mining. When considering SQL databases, aggregation is used to prepare and visualize data for deeper analyses. However, these operations are often impossible on very large volumes of data regarding memory-and-time-consumption. In this paper, we show how NoSQL databases such as MongoDB and its key-value stores, thanks to the native MapReduce algorithm, can provide an efficient framework to aggregate large volumes of data. We provide basic material about the MapReduce algorithm, the different NoSQL databases (read intensive vs. write intensive). We investigate how to efficiently modelize the data framework for BI and analytics. For this purpose, we focus on read intensive NoSQL databases using MongoDB and we show how NoSQL and MapReduce can help handling large volumes of data.
Exercise pressor reflex function is altered in spontaneously hypertensive rats

In hypertension, exercise elicits excessive elevations in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) increasing the risk for adverse cardiac events and stroke during physical activity. The exercise pressor reflex (a neural drive originating in skeletal muscle), central command (a neural drive originating in cortical brain centres) and the tonically active arterial baroreflex contribute importantly to cardiovascular control during exercise. Each of these inputs potentially mediates the heightened cardiovascular response to physical activity in hypertension. However, given that exercise pressor reflex overactivity is known to elicit enhanced circulatory responses to exercise in disease states closely related to hypertension (e.g. heart failure), we tested the hypothesis that the exaggerated cardiovascular response to exercise in hypertension is mediated by an overactive exercise pressor reflex. To test this hypothesis, we used a rat model of exercise recently developed in our laboratory that selectively stimulates the exercise pressor reflex independent of central command and/or the arterial baroreflex. Activation of the exercise pressor reflex during electrically induced static muscle contraction in the absence of input from central command resulted in significantly larger increases in MAP and HR in male spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared to normotensive Wistar‐Kyoto rats over a wide range of exercise intensities. Similar findings were obtained in animals in which input from both central command and the arterial baroreflex were eliminated. These findings suggest that the enhanced cardiovascular response to exercise in hypertension is mediated by an overactive exercise pressor reflex. Potentially, effective treatment of exercise pressor reflex dysfunction may reduce the cardiovascular risks associated with exercise in hypertension.
The effect of interprofessional education on interprofessional performance and diabetes care knowledge of health care teams at the level one of health service providing

Background: The increase in life expectancy and changes in lifestyle have led to prevalence of non-communicable diseases including diabetes whose treatment and care requires effective teamwork. This study was conducted to examine the effect of inter-professional education on performance and diabetes care knowledge of health care teams. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed as an inter-professional education on 6 healthcare teams (34 people) based on Kolb′s Learning Cycle and consisted of a set of training activities to improve individual, group, and inter-professional capabilities of members of the health care team. The pre- and post-tests included Team Climate Inventory (TCI) and a knowledge assessment tool performed before the workshop and 3 months later. Results: Mean scores for knowledge of health care team before intervention and 3 months later were 7.06 ± 1.04 and 7.97 ± 0.97 out of 10, respectively, that showed a significant difference (P < 0.0001). Mean score of the pre-test and post-test for inter-professional performance comprised 47.03 ± 6.7 and 49.44 ± 5.54 out of 70, respectively, which did not show any significant difference. However, these mean scores had a significant difference for the domains of knowledge and exercising objectives of the teamwork (10.62 ± 1.37 and 11.41 ± 1.76 out of 15, respectively) (P = 0.013). Conclusion: It seems that inter-professional education can improve the quality of health care to some extent through influencing knowledge and collaborative performance of health care teams. It also can make the health-related messages provided to the covered population more consistent in addition to enhancing self-confidence of the personnel.
Reading affect in the face and voice: neural correlates of interpreting communicative intent in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders.

CONTEXT Understanding a speaker's communicative intent in everyday interactions is likely to draw on cues such as facial expression and tone of voice. Prior research has shown that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show reduced activity in brain regions that respond selectively to the face and voice. However, there is also evidence that activity in key regions can be increased if task demands allow for explicit processing of emotion. OBJECTIVES To examine the neural circuitry underlying impairments in interpreting communicative intentions in ASD using irony comprehension as a test case, and to determine whether explicit instructions to attend to facial expression and tone of voice will elicit more normative patterns of brain activity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Eighteen boys with ASD (aged 7-17 years, full-scale IQ >70) and 18 typically developing (TD) boys underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging at the Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, University of California, Los Angeles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Blood oxygenation level-dependent brain activity during the presentation of short scenarios involving irony. Behavioral performance (accuracy and response time) was also recorded. RESULTS Reduced activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and right superior temporal gyrus was observed in children with ASD relative to TD children during the perception of potentially ironic vs control scenarios. Importantly, a significant group x condition interaction in the medial prefrontal cortex showed that activity was modulated by explicit instructions to attend to facial expression and tone of voice only in the ASD group. Finally, medial prefrontal cortex activity was inversely related to symptom severity in children with ASD such that children with greater social impairment showed less activity in this region. CONCLUSIONS Explicit instructions to attend to facial expression and tone of voice can elicit increased activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, part of a network important for understanding the intentions of others, in children with ASD. These findings suggest a strategy for future intervention research.
A practical algorithm for exact array dependence analysis

ndamental analis step in an ad',nced optimizing compiler (as well as many other software tools) is data dependence analysis f o r arrays. This means deciding i f two references to an array can refer to the same e lement and i f so, under what conditions. This information is used to determine allowable program transformations and optimizations. For example, we can determine that in the fo l lowing code fragment , no location o f the array is both read and written. Once we also verify that no location is writ ten more than once, we know that the writes can be done in any order. for i = 1 to 100 do f o r j -i to 100 do A[i, j + 11 = A[100,j]
Mitral valve repair versus replacement in elderly patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Although mitral valve repair (MVP) is generally accepted as the standard treatment for mitral valve disease, in older patients, there is increasing debate about whether MVP is superior to mitral valve replacement (MVR). We, therefore, performed a meta-analysis to compare MVP vs. MVR in the elderly population. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus up to February 2017 and scrutinized the references of relevant literatures. Only studies of MVP vs. MVR in the elderly patients (aged 70 years or older) that were published after 2000 were included. Results The retrieval process yielded seven observational clinical studies with 1,809 patients. Compared with MVR, MVP was associated with a significantly reduced 30-day mortality [risk ratio (RR): 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.64], with shorter duration of postoperative hospital stay (days) (weighted mean difference: -1.47, 95% CI: -2.47--0.48) and less postoperative complications (RR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56-0.86). In addition, our study also demonstrated improved 1-year (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08-1.24) and 5-year (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.13-1.41) survival rates following MVP. There was no difference in reoperations between these two surgery approaches. Conclusions The present meta-analysis indicates that elderly patients who receive MVP have better early and late outcomes than those undergoing MVR. MVP may be the preferred strategy for mitral valve surgery in the elderly population.
Detection of epithelial structure and biochemistry based on time-resolved confocal autofluorescence

A combined depth- and time-resolved fluorescence measurement system with ultraviolet excitation at 375 nm is built to assess the layered structure and biochemistry of epithelial tissue. The experiments on epithelial cells suggested that the time-resolved autofluorescence dominated by free/bound NADH signals, are sensitive indicators for cell metabolism and can be used to sense the metabolic status of epithelial tissue. Moreover, we found that the fluorescence time decays of different epithelial tissue layers can produce the contrast to resolve the tissue fine structure. This study demonstrated that the combined depth- and time-resolved autofluorescence measurements with single excitation at 375 nm can potentially provide accurate information for the diagnosis of tissue pathology.
The Contribution of the Parietal Lobes to Speaking and Writing

The left parietal lobe has been proposed as a major language area. However, parietal cortical function is more usually considered in terms of the control of actions, contributing both to attention and cross-modal integration of external and reafferent sensory cues. We used positron emission tomography to study normal subjects while they overtly generated narratives, both spoken and written. The purpose was to identify the parietal contribution to the modality-specific sensorimotor control of communication, separate from amodal linguistic and memory processes involved in generating a narrative. The majority of left and right parietal activity was associated with the execution of writing under visual and somatosensory control irrespective of whether the output was a narrative or repetitive reproduction of a single grapheme. In contrast, action-related parietal activity during speech production was confined to primary somatosensory cortex. The only parietal area with a pattern of activity compatible with an amodal central role in communication was the ventral part of the left angular gyrus (AG). The results of this study indicate that the cognitive processing of language within the parietal lobe is confined to the AG and that the major contribution of parietal cortex to communication is in the sensorimotor control of writing.
Articulating counselling in the context of registration and new right policy

Originally presented as a paper at the 2013 NZAC National Conference in Napier, this article contributes to discussions about the position that counselling needs to take up in order to thrive in the current political environment. It attempts to consider counselling’s position in the face of a social and health policy landscape dominated by a New Right agenda, as this is manifested in professional regulation by the state, and calls for practice to be evidence based.
Functionality and Antioxidant Properties of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as Influenced by the Degree of Hydrolysis

Freeze dried protein powders (Fresh minced meat, FMM and Hot water dip, HWD) from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were hydrolyzed by Alcalase 2.4 L (Alc), Flavourzyme (Flav) and Neutrase (Neut), and investigated for antioxidant activity and their functional properties. FMM and HWD hydrolysed by Alc, exhibiting superior antioxidant activity, had estimated degrees of hydrolysis (DH) of 23.40% and 25.43%, respectively. The maximum values of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 3-(2-pyridyl) 5,6-bis(4-phenyl-sulphonic acid)-1,2,4-triazine (ferrozine), radical scavenging activities and metal chelating properties were 86.67%, 91.27% and 82.57%, and 84.67%, 92.60% and 78.00% for FMM and HWD, respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the samples. Essential amino acids were above the amounts recommended by the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO/UNU) for humans. Lower molecular weight sizes <3,000 Da were more predominant in FMM and HWD hydrolysed by Alc, while in hydrolysed by Flav and Neut they were >8,000 Da. At pH 2, FMM and HWD hydrolysates have varying solubilities above 85% (Alc FMM; 91.33%, Flav FMM; 79.5%, Neut FMM; 83.8% and Alc HWD; 90.45%, Flav HWD; 83.5%, and Neut HWD; 85.8%). They have ‘U’ shaped solubility curves, water holding capacity was in the range of 2.77 and 1.77 mL/g, while oil holding capacity ranged between 3.13 and 2.23 mL/g. FMM and HWD have the highest bulk density of 0.53 and 0.53 for Neutrase and Alcalase 2.4 L, respectively. Foam capacity and stability ranged from 125.5 to 61.4, 138.5 to 45.2, 130.0 to 62.5, and 124.5 to 55.0, 137.5 to 53.3, 129.6 to 62.7 for FMM and HWD hydrolyzed with Alcalase 2.4 L, Flavourzyme and Neutrase, respectively. Tilapia fish protein hydrolysates are thus potential functional food ingredients.