Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Optimization of Hierarchical Routing Protocol for 6LoWPAN

To build scalable and lightweight wireless sensor networks with energy saving devices, 6LoWPAN-based protocols become emergent technologies that successfully constructed ubiquitous networks and seamlessly connected the traditional Internet with WSNs. However, the existing researches cannot effectively maintain the routing and the network topology for the problems of low cost sensors' malfunctions. In this paper, we improved the HiLow protocol in aspects of interconnection between the Internet and 6LoWPAN and designed a network routing path recovery approach. In addition, we designed and modified the address mapping table in gateway to store and map nodes' EUI-64 address and 16-bit short address. Nodes from the Internet can access the 6LoWPAN nodes by an IPv6 address, which is generated by the EUI-64 address and IPv6 prefix. Due to the benefits of additional data structure and our designs, the simulation results manifested that our protocol improves the routing efficiency and can effectively reduce the cost for network reorganization caused by node failures and mobiles.
Significant reduction in incidence of wound contamination by skin flora through use of microbial sealant.

HYPOTHESIS Application of skin sealant prior to incision reduces microbial contamination of the wound. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. SETTING Six teaching hospitals. PATIENTS A total of 177 adult patients undergoing elective open inguinal hernia repair were randomized to either standard skin preparation with 10% povidone-iodine or skin preparation followed by cyanoacrylate-based liquid microbial sealant. INTERVENTIONS Wound contamination was assessed during surgery by microbial sampling inside the wound at initiation of skin incision and prior to skin closure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were the safety and effectiveness of cyanoacrylate-based microbial sealant to reduce bacterial contamination during surgery. The secondary outcome measure was reduction of postoperative surgical site infections using microbial sealant. RESULTS Demographics were similar. Patients treated with sealant were more likely to have no bacterial cells found in the wound than control participants (47% vs 31%; P = .04). Three patients developed surgical site infections; all were in the control group (P = .25). Independent factors that reduced wound contamination were use of microbial sealant (odds ratio, 0.45; confidence interval, 0.23-0.88; P = .02) and perioperative antibiotics (odds ratio, 0.24; confidence interval, 0.10-0.58; P = .001). CONCLUSION Cyanoacrylate-based microbial sealant may be an important tool to reduce wound contamination and potentially prevent surgical site infections.
Multi-document abstractive summarization using chunk-graph and recurrent neural network

Automatic multi-document abstractive summarization system is used to summarize several documents into a short one with generated new sentences. Many of them are based on word-graph and ILP method, and lots of sentences are ignored because of the heavy computation load. To reduce computation and generate readable and informative summaries, we propose a novel abstractive multi-document summarization system based on chunk-graph (CG) and recurrent neural network language model (RNNLM). In our approach, A CG which is based on word-graph is constructed to organize all information in a sentence cluster, CG can reduce the size of graph and keep more semantic information than word-graph. We use beam search and character-level RNNLM to generate readable and informative summaries from the CG for each sentence cluster, RNNLM is a better model to evaluate sentence linguistic quality than n-gram language model. Experimental results show that our proposed system outperforms all baseline systems and reach the state-of-art systems, and the system with CG can generate better summaries than that with ordinary word-graph.
Do weight and shape concerns exhibit genetic effects? Investigating discrepant findings.

OBJECTIVE Unlike twin studies of general weight and shape concerns, studies examining the heritability of the undue influence of weight and shape concerns on self-evaluation have found little evidence for genetic effects. The present study sought to resolve these discrepancies by examining the heritability of both types of weight and shape concerns in a young adult twin sample. METHOD Participants included 270 female twins from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. General weight and shape concerns were assessed with subscales from the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ). Similar to previous research, the undue influence of weight and shape on self-evaluation was assessed using averaged scores from two EDEQ items. RESULTS The heritability of all weight and shape measures was estimated at 49-66%. DISCUSSION General weight and shape concerns and the undue influence of these concerns on self-evaluation are influenced by genetic factors in young adult female twins.
Schrödinger Equations with Logarithmic Self-Interactions: From Antilinear PT-Symmetry to the Nonlinear Coupling of Channels

Schrodinger equations with non-Hermitian, but PT -symmetric quantum potentials V ( x ) found, recently, a new field of applicability in classical optics. The potential acquired there a new physical role of an “anomalous” refraction index. This turned attention to the nonlinear Schrodinger equations in which the interaction term becomes state-dependent, V ( x ) → W ( ψ ( x ) , x ) . Here, the state-dependence in W ( ψ ( x ) , x ) is assumed logarithmic, and some of the necessary mathematical assumptions, as well as some of the potential phenomenological consequences of this choice are described. Firstly, an elementary single-channel version of the nonlinear logarithmic model is outlined in which the complex self-interaction W ( ψ ( x ) , x ) is regularized via a deformation of the real line of x into a self-consistently constructed complex contour C. The new role played by PT -symmetry is revealed. Secondly, the regularization is sought for a multiplet of equations, coupled via the same nonlinear self-interaction coupling of channels. The resulting mathematical structures are shown to extend the existing range of physics covered by the logarithmic Schrodinger equations.
Results for Room Acoustics Equalisation Based on Smoothed Responses

Digital equalisation of room acoustics based on inverse filtering of measured response functions, introduces a number of theoretical and practical challenges. To overcome such problems, inverse filtering based on modified measured responses is proposed, derived via their complex Transfer Function smoothing, so that the processed responses are more perceptually compliant, of lower order and less position-sensitive than the original functions. Aim of this study is to evaluate via objective and subjective tests conducted for different-sized rooms and real-time reproduction, the use of such smoothed room responses for the derivation of appropriate room equalisation filters, which can improve the perceived and measured quality of audio reproduction in any reverberant environment.
miR-300 regulates cellular radiosensitivity through targeting p53 and apaf1 in human lung cancer cells

ABSTRACT microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in mediation of the cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Previous studies revealed that miR-300 was involved in the cellular response to IR or chemotherapy drug. However, whether miR-300 could regulate the DNA damage responses induced by extrinsic genotoxic stress in human lung cancer and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, the expression of miR-300 was examined in lung cancer cells treated with IR, and the effects of miR-300 on DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence induced by IR were investigated. It was found that IR induced upregulation of endogenous miR-300, and ectopic expression of miR-300 by transfected with miR-300 mimics not only greatly enhanced the cellular DNA damage repair ability but also substantially abrogated the G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by IR. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that p53 and apaf1 were potential targets of miR-300, and the luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-300 significantly suppressed the luciferase activity through binding to the 3′-UTR of p53 or apaf1 mRNA. In addition, overexpression of miR-300 significantly reduced p53/apaf1 and/or IR-induced p53/apaf1 protein expression levels. Flow cytomertry analysis and colony formation assay showed that miR-300 desensitized lung cancer cells to IR by suppressing p53-dependent G2 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. These data demonstrate that miR-300 regulates the cellular sensitivity to IR through targeting p53 and apaf1 in lung cancer cells.
Urine exoglycosidases are potential markers of renal tubular injury in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is an important problem in children and young adults. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the urine profiles of a number of lysosomal exoglycosidases to see whether they indicated tubular renal damage in children with UPJO.
New Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Gene, qnrC, Found in a Clinical Isolate of Proteus mirabilis

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of qnrA in 1998, two additional qnr genes, qnrB and qnrS, have been described. These three plasmid-mediated genes contribute to quinolone resistance in gram-negative pathogens worldwide. A clinical strain of Proteus mirabilis was isolated from an outpatient with a urinary tract infection and was susceptible to most antimicrobials but resistant to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim. Plasmid pHS10, harbored by this strain, was transferred to azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 by conjugation. A transconjugant with pHS10 had low-level quinolone resistance but was negative by PCR for the known qnr genes, aac(6′)-Ib-cr and qepA. The ciprofloxacin MIC for the clinical strain and a J53/pHS10 transconjugant was 0.25 μg/ml, representing an increase of 32-fold relative to that for the recipient, J53. The plasmid was digested with HindIII, and a 4.4-kb DNA fragment containing the new gene was cloned into pUC18 and transformed into E. coli TOP10. Sequencing showed that the responsible 666-bp gene, designated qnrC, encoded a 221-amino-acid protein, QnrC, which shared 64%, 42%, 59%, and 43% amino acid identity with QnrA1, QnrB1, QnrS1, and QnrD, respectively. Upstream of qnrC there existed a new IS3 family insertion sequence, ISPmi1, which encoded a frameshifted transposase. qnrC could not be detected by PCR, however, in 2,020 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. A new quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, was thus characterized from plasmid pHS10 carried by a clinical isolate of P. mirabilis.
A fluorescent nanodiamond foundation for quantum sensing in cells

Free radicals play a major role in the aging process as well as a most diseases. However, we barely know anything about them. These tiny molecules have an extremely short lifespan and are difficult to measure, while their role in health related processes is considerable. Fluorescent nanodiamonds are very small diamonds which can shed a light on this research question. These diamonds emit a constant light in a controlled setting. This is possible due to a small defect in the structure of the diamond, which makes it fluorescent. When free radicals are present, the light changes, which allows measurement of the radicals. During my PhD I have laid the basis for these biological measurements. Not all cells automatically take up diamonds or the diamonds tend to aggregate in cellular medium. By changing the solutions in which we administer the diamonds, we can prevent these obstacles. I have also performed a very detailed analysis of the cellular response on diamond uptake. Conveniently, the cells hardly show any response to the diamond uptake, an important result for our future measurements. In addition, I have developed new ways of targeting the diamonds to specific places in the cells, to obtain location specific information. Finally I have determined the subcellular location of the diamonds using a new technique, based on integrated electron microscopy. During my work I have laid the foundation for promising cellular research of ageing and disease using fluorescent nanodiamonds!
Pulmonary nocardiosis revisited: A case series

Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rising bacterial infection, with a high propensity for misdiagnosis. On account of a paucity of prospective studies, there is limited understanding on various aspects of its diagnosis and treatment. We present three patients with pulmonary nocardiosis, with emphasis on the predisposing factors, variable disease course, and treatment issues. There is a need to understand the basis of these discrepancies so as to rationalize the management of this potentially fatal infection.
The Electrode‐Tissue Interface: The Revolutionary Role of Steroid‐Elution

The electrode‐tissue interface is that area lying between the cathode of a low‐voltage implantable pacemaker or cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) lead and the endocardium or epi‐myocardium of the cardiac chamber being paced. The electrical stimulus that is delivered to this interface is responsible for myocyte depolarization with consequent cardiac contraction. The process by which this occurs is reasonably well understood and any explanation requires a basic understanding of the physics and cellular electrophysiology of pacing. The effective and efficient delivery of electrical energy to the myocardium via the lead is dependent on many factors to be discussed in this review. However, despite numerous evolutionary changes occurring in the cathode's material, design, and surface configuration, it was not until the incorporation of steroid‐elution to the electrode‐tissue interface that reliable and significantly low stimulation threshold cardiac pacing became possible.
Pheochromocytoma crisis is not a surgical emergency.

CONTEXT Pheochromocytoma crisis is a feared and potentially lethal complication of pheochromocytoma. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the best treatment strategy for pheochromocytoma crisis patients and hypothesized that emergency resection is not indicated. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study (1993-2011); literature review (1944-2011). SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS There were 137 pheochromocytoma patients from our center and 97 pheochromocytoma crisis patients who underwent adrenalectomy from the literature. INTERVENTION Medical management of pheochromocytoma crisis; adrenalectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Perioperative complications, conversion, and mortality. RESULTS In our database, 25 patients (18%) presented with crisis. After medical stabilization and α-blockade, 15 patients were discharged and readmitted for elective surgery and 10 patients were operated on urgently during the same hospitalization. None underwent emergency surgery. Postoperatively, patients who underwent elective surgery had shorter hospital stays (1.7 vs 5.7 d, P = 0.001) and fewer postoperative complications (1 of 15 [7%] vs 5 of 10 [50%], P = 0.045) and were less often admitted to the intensive care unit (1 of 15 [7%] vs 5 of 10 [50%], P = 0.045) in comparison with urgently operated patients. There was no mortality. Review of the literature (n = 97) showed that crisis patients who underwent elective or urgent surgery vs emergency surgery had less intraoperative (13 of 31 [42%] vs 20 of 25 [80%], P < 0.001) and postoperative complications (15 of 45 [33%] vs 15 of 21 [71%], P = 0.047) and a lower mortality (0 of 64 vs 6 of 33 [18%], P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Management of patients presenting with pheochromocytoma crisis should include initial stabilization of the acute crisis followed by sufficient α-blockade before surgery. Emergency resection of pheochromocytoma is associated with high surgical morbidity and mortality.
Sybil-aware least cost rumor blocking in social networks

Rumor blocking and Sybil Attack are regarded as two main security threats in online social networks. The existing work on rumor blocking mainly considers how to minimize the number of protectors used to protect bridge ends. In this study, our experiments based on the Twitter data set show that the existence of the sybil users will dramatically reduce the effectiveness of the rumor blocking by 30%. Motivated by this, we propose a novel sybil-aware least cost rumor blocking framework which jointly considering how to minimize the impact sybil attacks on rumor blocking and optimize the rumor blocking effectiveness. The proposed SLCRB algorithm is well demonstrated by extensive simulations and discussions.
Drivers and Modulators in the Central Auditory Pathways

The classic view of auditory information flow depicts a simple serial route from the periphery through tonotopically-organized nuclei in the brainstem, midbrain and thalamus, ascending eventually to the neocortex. Yet, complicating this picture are numerous parallel ascending and descending pathways, whose roles in auditory processing are poorly defined. To address this ambiguity, we have identified several anatomical and physiological properties that distinguish the auditory glutamatergic pathways into two groups that we have termed “drivers” and “modulators”. Driver pathways are associated with information-bearing pathways, while modulator pathways modify these principal information streams. These properties illuminate the potential roles of some previously ill-defined auditory pathways, and may be extended further to categorize either unknown or mischaracterized pathways throughout the auditory system.
Ultra‐short echo time images quantify high liver iron

1.5T gradient echo‐based R2∗ estimates are standard‐of‐care for assessing liver iron concentration (LIC). Despite growing popularity of 3T, echo time (TE) limitations prevent 3T liver iron quantitation in the upper half of the clinical range (LIC ⪆ 20 mg/g). In this work, a 3D radial pulse sequence was assessed to double the dynamic range of 3T LIC estimates.
Practitioner empathy and the duration of the common cold.

OBJECTIVE This study's objective was to assess the relationship of empathy in medical office visits to subsequent outcomes of the common cold. METHODS A total of 350 subjects ? 12 years of age received either a standard or enhanced physician visit as part of a randomized controlled trial. Enhanced visits emphasized empathy on the part of the physician. The patient-scored Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) questionnaire assessed practitioner-patient interaction, especially empathy. Cold severity and duration were assessed from twice-daily symptom reports. Nasal wash was performed to measure the immune cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8). RESULTS Eighty-four individuals reported perfect (score of 50) CARE scores. They tended to be older with less education but reported similar health status, quality of life, and levels of optimism. In those with perfect CARE scores, cold duration was shorter (mean 7.10 days versus 8.01 days), and there was a trend toward reduced severity (mean area under receiver-operator characteristics curve 240.40 versus 284.49). After accounting for possible confounding variables, cold severity and duration were significantly lower in those reporting perfect CARE scores. In these models, a perfect score also correlated with a larger increase in IL-8 levels. CONCLUSIONS Clinician empathy, as perceived by patients with the common cold, significantly predicts subsequent duration and severity of illness and is associated with immune system changes.
Nucleic Acids Research

A sequence of 1019 nucleotides encompassing one of the 600 base inverted repeats and non-repeated flanking regions has been determined in the type A yeast 2 vim plasmid cloned in pMB9. Methods are described for applying the Maxam-Gilbert sequencing procedure to DNA fragments labelled at the 3'-end using a T -polymerase exchange/repair reaction and for sequencing 5'-end labelled fragments using dideoxy-nucleotides as chain terminators in the presence of E. coli DNA polymerase (nach Klenow). A notable feature of the sequence is its unusual content of symmetry elements. In one region of 140 nucleotides, 137 are involved in a complex arrangement of direct and inverted repeats linked by palindromic sequences.
Stochastic Models for a Chemostat and Long-Time Behavior

We introduce two stochastic chemostat models consisting of a coupled population-nutrient process reflecting the interaction between the nutrient and the bacteria in the chemostat with finite volume. The nutrient concentration evolves continuously but depends on the population size, while the population size is a birth-and-death process with coefficients depending on time through the nutrient concentration. The nutrient is shared by the bacteria and creates a regulation of the bacterial population size. The latter and the fluctuations due to the random births and deaths of individuals make the population go almost surely to extinction. Therefore, we are interested in the long-time behavior of the bacterial population conditioned to nonextinction. We prove the global existence of the process and its almost-sure extinction. The existence of quasistationary distributions is obtained based on a general fixed-point argument. Moreover, we prove the absolute continuity of the nutrient distribution when conditioned to a fixed number of individuals and the smoothness of the corresponding densities.
Response and Specificity of Antibodies for Candida albicans

Rabbit antibodies for Candida albicans, reacting in agglutination and fluorescent-antibody reactions, were present in both IgM and IgG protein fractions. The two types of immune globulins were separated from ammonium sulfate-precipitated γ-globulin either by filtration through a column of Sephadex G-200 or by diethylaminoethyl column chromatography performed by stepwise elution with various concentrations of sodium chloride. In the fluorescent-antibody test, initial separation of the IgG fraction, prior to its conjugation with dye, proved to be essential for the high specificity of this reaction. Investigation of the specificities of the two types of antibodies revealed that the IgG was highly specific, whereas the IgM was not very specific. Each antigen fraction, extracted by various methods, demonstrated its own characteristic antibody response. Only the IgG fraction yielded serotype-specific antibody useful for detection of a serotype of C. albicans in agglutination and fluorescent-antibody tests. The results indicate the importance of IgG for specific serological reactions with the Candida species.
VisANT 4.0: Integrative network platform to connect genes, drugs, diseases and therapies

With the rapid accumulation of our knowledge on diseases, disease-related genes and drug targets, network-based analysis plays an increasingly important role in systems biology, systems pharmacology and translational science. The new release of VisANT aims to provide new functions to facilitate the convenient network analysis of diseases, therapies, genes and drugs. With improved understanding of the mechanisms of complex diseases and drug actions through network analysis, novel drug methods (e.g., drug repositioning, multi-target drug and combination therapy) can be designed. More specifically, the new update includes (i) integrated search and navigation of disease and drug hierarchies; (ii) integrated disease–gene, therapy–drug and drug–target association to aid the network construction and filtering; (iii) annotation of genes/drugs using disease/therapy information; (iv) prediction of associated diseases/therapies for a given set of genes/drugs using enrichment analysis; (v) network transformation to support construction of versatile network of drugs, genes, diseases and therapies; (vi) enhanced user interface using docking windows to allow easy customization of node and edge properties with build-in legend node to distinguish different node type. VisANT is freely available at: http://visant.bu. edu.