Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Into Complexity: A Pattern-oriented Approach to Stakeholder Communications

The NWO-programme ”the societal aspects of genomics”, has called for stronger means of collaboration and deliberative involvement between the various stakeholders of genomics research. Within the project group assembled at the University for Humanistics, this call was translated to the ‘lingua democratica’, in which the prerequisites of such deliberative efforts were put to scrutiny. The contribution of this thesis has taken a more or less abstract angle to this task, and sought to develop a vocabulary that can be shared amongst various stakeholders with different backgrounds, interests and stakes for any complex theme, although genomics has more or less been in focus throughout the research. As ‘complexity thinking’ is currently a theme in both the ‘hard’ sciences as the social sciences and the humanities, and has always been an issue for professionals, this concept was pivotal in achieving such an inclusive angle. However, in order to prevent that complexity would become fragmented due to disciplinary boundaries, it is essential that those aspects of complexity that seem to return in many discussions would be made clear, and stand out with respect to the complexities of specialisation. The thesis has argued that the concept of ‘patterns’ applies for these aspects, and they form the backbone of the vocabulary that has been developed. Especially patterns of feedback have been given much attention, as this concept is pivotal for many complex themes. However, although patterns are implicitly or explicitly used in many areas, there is little methodological (and philosophical) underpinning of what they are and why they are able to do what they do. As a result, quite some attention has been given to these issues, and how they relate to concepts such as ‘information’,‘order’ and complexity itself. From these explorations, the actual vocabulary was developed, including the methodological means to use this vocabulary. This has taken the shape of a recursive development of a so-called pattern-library, which has crossed disciplinary boundaries, from technological areas, through biology, psychology and the social sciences, to a topic that is typical of the humanities. This journey across the divide of C.P. Snow’s ‘two cultures’ is both a test for a lingua democratica, as well as aimed to demonstrate how delicate, and balanced such a path must be in order to be effective, especially if one aims to retain certain coherence along the way. Finally, the methodology has been applied in a very practical way, to a current development that hinges strongly on research in genomics, which is trans-humanist movement.
Productivity and Firm Selection: Intra- vs International Trade

Recent theoretical models predict gains from international trade coming from intra-industry reallocations, due to a firm selection effect. In this paper we answer two related questions. First, what is the magnitude of this selection effect, and how does it compare to that of intra-national trade? Second, would the removal of 'behind-the-border' trade frictions between integrated EU countries lead to large productivity gains? To answer these questions, we extend and calibrate the Melitz and Ottaviano (2007) model on productivity and trade data for European economies in 2000, and simulate counterfactual trade liberalization scenarios. We consider 11 EU countries and a total of 31 economies, including 21 French regions. Our first result is that, in the French case, international trade has a sizeable impact on aggregate productivity, but smaller than that of intra-national trade. Second, substantial productivity gains (around 20%) can be expected from 'behind-the-border' integration. In both experiments, we predict the corresponding variations in average prices, markups, quantities and profits. We show that the model fits sales and exports data reasonably well, and we perform a number of robustness checks. We also suggest some explanations for the substantial cross-economy and cross-industry variations in our estimates of productivity gains, highlighting the importance of accessibility and competitiveness.
HR Practices Perceptions, Emotional Exhaustion, and Work Outcomes: A Conservation-of-Resources Theory in the Chinese Context.

The conservation-of-resources theory provided the theoretical underpinning for the relationship among HR practices perceived by employees, emotional exhaustion, and work outcomes ( job satisfaction and job performance). To fully understand the underlying mechanism of the relationship, the study examined (1) the main and interactive effects of HR practices and employee age on emotional exhaustion and (2) the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between emotional exhaustion and job performance. Data were obtained from manufacturing workers in a privately owned company in the People's Republic of China. Empirical results lent strong support for the main, moderated, and mediated effects mentioned previously. However, contrary to our hypotheses the research result indicated that the relationship between low-commitment HR practices and emotional exhaustion was stronger for older employees than for younger ones. This contrasting finding demonstrated the criticality of an organization's commitment to employees, particularly to older employees, which further supported and enriched the conservation-of-resources theory in the Chinese context.
The effect of tobacco exposure on bone healing and the osseointegration of dental implants Clinical and molecular studies

Background: The mechanisms behind the impact of smoking on osseointegration are not fully understood. Aim: To correlate the clinical and molecular aspects of osseointegration in smokers compared with non-smokers. Methodology: Study I: In a retrospective cohort study of smokers and nonsmokers, the 5-years implant survival and marginal bone loss (MBL) of machined and oxidized implants, were assessed. Studies II and III: In a prospective controlled study, smokers (n=16) and non-smokers (n=16) received machined, oxidized and laser-modified implants. Pain scores, implant stability quotient (ISQ) and gene expression of peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and baseline bone biopsies were analyzed during 0-90d. Clinical assessments and radiology were performed at 90d. Study IV: Smokers (n=24) and non-smokers (n=24), each received two mini-implants with machined and oxidized surfaces. The gene expression of selected factors was analyzed in implant-adherent cells and surrounding bone after 1d, 7d and 28d. Results: Study I: Overall implant survival rate was lower in smokers. In smokers, machined implants failed more frequently than oxidized implants. Mean MBL at 5 years was higher at machined implants in smokers vs. non-smokers. Studies II and III: A higher ISQ was found in smokers compared to nonsmokers. Greater MBL was found in smokers than non-smokers, particularly at the machined implant. At 90d in smokers, the PICF around machined implants revealed a higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, and a lower expression of osteocalcin compared with the surface-modified implants. Multivariate regression revealed that smoking, BoP, IL-6 expression in PICF at 90d and HIF-1α baseline expression are predictors for MBL at 90d. Study IV: Cells adherent to machined implants revealed higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α. After 7d and 28d, the expression of bone formation gene, ALP, was higher at oxidized implants. Smoking was associated with initial inhibition of bone remodeling (CTR) and coupling (OPG and RANKL) genes in cells on machined implants. Conclusions: Smoking is associated with higher MBL during the early healing phase (090d), and an increased failure rate and MBL in the long-term (5 years). Whereas the machined implants were associated with a dysregulated inflammation, osteogenesis and remodeling, an increased MBL and failure rate in smokers, the oxidized implants appear to favor osseointegration by mitigating the negative effects of smoking. It is concluded that the local effects of smoking on osseointegration are modulated by host factors and implant surface properties.
Animal Spirits, Persistent Unemployment and the Belief Function

This paper presents a theory of the monetary transmission mechanism in a monetary version of Farmer's (2009) model in which there are multiple equilibrium unemployment rates. The model has two equations in common with the new-Keynesian model; the optimizing IS curve and the policy rule. It differs from the new-Keynesian model by replacing the Phillips curve with a belief function to determine expectations of nominal income growth. I estimate both models using U.S. data and I show that the Farmer monetary model fits the data better than its new-Keynesian competitor.
Finding finite B2-sequences faster

A B 2 -sequence is a sequence a 1 < a 2 <. < a r of positive integers such that the sums a i + aj, 1 < i < j ≤ r, are different. When q is a power of a prime and θ is a primitive element in GF(q 2 ) then there are B 2 -sequences A(q,θ) of size q with a q < q 2 , which were discovered by R. C. Bose and S. Chowla. In Theorem 2.1 I will give a faster alternative to the definition. In Theorem 2.2 I will prove that multiplying a sequence A(q, θ) by integers relatively prime to the modulus is equivalent to varying θ. Theorem 3.1 is my main result. It contains a fast method to find primitive quadratic polynomials over GF(p) when p is an odd prime. For fields of characteristic 2 there is a similar, but different, criterion, which I will consider in Primitive quadratics reflected in B 2 -sequences , to appear in Portugaliae Mathematica (1999).
Random Feature Maps for Dot Product Kernels

Approximating non-linear kernels using feature maps has gained a lot of interest in recent years due to applications in reducing training and testing times of SVM classifiers and other kernel based learning algorithms. We extend this line of work and present low distortion embeddings for dot product kernels into linear Euclidean spaces. We base our results on a classical result in harmonic analysis characterizing all dot product kernels and use it to define randomized feature maps into explicit low dimensional Euclidean spaces in which the native dot product provides an approximation to the dot product kernel with high confidence.
Occupational exposure to pesticides, metals, and solvents: the impact on mortality rates in the Honolulu Heart Program.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of occupational exposure to pesticides, metals, and solvents on mortality. PARTICIPANTS Middle-aged Japanese-American men (n = 7,540) who had participated in the Honolulu Heart Program during 1965-1968. METHODS Industrial hygienists assessed participants' potential for exposure based on their primary job. Cumulative exposure scores were categorized as none, low, medium, and high. The underlying cause of death was ascertained by a physician panel. All associations were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 4, 485 deaths occurred. Compared to no exposure, pesticide exposure was significantly associated with mortality from all causes, circulatory diseases, stroke, and all cancers. Results for all-cause mortality at the 0-yr lag after risk-factor adjustment were: Low, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.68-1.08; medium, HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01-1.37; and high, HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.06-1.57; trend, p=0.002. Exposure to metals and solvents was significantly associated with mortality from all causes, cancer, and respiratory disease, and exposure to solvents was additionally associated with mortality from circulatory disease. Associations were strongest at the 15-yr lag. CONCLUSIONS Results show that occupational exposures to pesticides, metals, and solvents during mid-life are independently associated with increased mortality, and indicate potential importance of exposures that occurred approximately 15 years prior to death.
T cell memory.

Immunological memory can be defined as the faster and stronger response of an animal that follows reexposure to the same antigen. By this definition, it is an operational property of the whole animal or the immune system. Memory cells express a different pattern of cell surface markers, and they respond in several ways that are functionally different from those of naive cells. Murine memory cells are CD44 high and low in the expression of activation markers such as CD25 (IL-2R), whereas human memory cells are CD45RA-, CD45RO+. In contrast to naive cells, memory cells secrete a full range of T cell cytokines and can be polarized to secrete particular restricted patterns of secretion for both CD4 and CD8 T cells. The requirements for the activation of memory cells for proliferation and cytokine production are not quite as strict as those of naive cells, but costimulation in the broad sense is required for optimum responses and for responses to suboptimum antigen concentrations. It would appear that memory cells can persist in the absence of antigenic stimulation and persist as nondividing cells. Reencounter with the same antigen can expand the population to a new, stable, higher level and generate a separate population of CD44 high effectors that may be required for protection, while competition from other antigens can drive it down to a lower stable level. It is unclear how or where memory cells arise, but once generated they have different pathways of recirculation and homing.
Pain Assessment in Newborns, Infants, and Children.

Pain in children is underestimated and undertreated because of lack of pain assessment tools. Pain assessment depends on the cognitive development of the child being tested, clinical context, and pain typology. For children older than age 6 years, pain assessment is based on a self-report. For children younger than age 6 years, behavioral pain scales are needed to assess pain. Numerous pain scales exist. Many are reliable and some are recommended, but all have specific conditions for their use. In this article, we review the available pain scales for children from birth to adolescence. We provide the validity criteria of each pain scale to help caregivers use the adapted tools. We then propose a synthesis of the reliable tools to use based on the pain context. [Pediatr Ann. 2017;46(10):e387-e395. ].
A Self-Reference Effect on Memory for People: We Are Particularly Good at Retrieving People Named Like Us

In the present study, it was evaluated whether one’s own name may produce a self-reference bias in memory for people. Results from Experiment 1 indicated that, in a verbal fluency task, participants recalled a greater number of known (familiar or famous) people with the same first name as their own than did paired participants, and vice versa. In the first experiment, paired participants knew each other but were not close. Experiment 2 examined whether this self-reference effect would still occur when the comparison target was a close other. This experiment showed that such a self-reference bias also occurred even when the paired persons were close (partners or very good friends). Overall the present paper describes a new naturalistic case of the self-reference effect.
Investigating Chinese University Students' Knowledge of and Attitudes toward Plagiarism from an Integrated Perspective.

This article reports on a mixed-methods study of Chinese university students’ knowledge of and attitudes toward plagiarism in English academic writing. A sample of 270 undergraduates from two Chinese universities rated three short English passages under different conditions, provided open-ended responses to justify their ratings, and completed a written questionnaire. The rating tasks were designed to determine their ability to recognize two forms of intertextuality (i.e., unacknowledged copying and paraphrasing) generally regarded as plagiarism in Anglo-American academia. The questionnaire was administered to collect self-appraisals of competence in source use and to assess declarative knowledge of intertextual practices that match typical Anglo-American definitions of blatant and subtle plagiarism. Qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed that a minority of the students recognized the two forms of plagiarism and generally took a punitive attitude toward the detected cases of plagiarism. Further quantitative analyses found that discipline, self-reported competence in referencing, and knowledge of subtle plagiarism were consistently significant predictors of successful plagiarism detection. These findings raise questions about some culturally based interpretations of plagiarism and point to the need to take a nuanced approach to plagiarism in L2 writing.
Five Years of Groups Research: What We Have Learned and What Needs to Be Addressed

This article reports the principal findings of over 250 studies published between January, 1986 and October, 1989 that address the dynamics of small social groups. The reviewed work falls into four broad areas that together provide insight and knowledge of group behavior Studies in the first section explore the fundamental tension between individuals and groups, how group members form a common understanding of their world, and how groups develop and change over time. The second section examines how the group's interaction context, (i.e., its structure, technology environment, size, and composition) affects group processes and outcomes. The third and fourth sections summarize the recent findings in each of seven areas of traditional interest in social psychology: group polarization, social influence, social loafing, group cohesion, commitment, conflict, and goal setting. Finally, research that specifically addresses work group effectiveness, self-managed teams, quality circles and team building interventions is summarized and discussed. Trends and areas of managerial interest that deserve further research attention are identified throughout this review; the areas of greatest practical concern are summarized in afinal section.
Controlling Avian Flu and Protecting People ’ s Livelihoods in Africa and Indonesia

avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype has spread rapidly to poultry farms in several countries, including Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Niger, and Nigeria (FAO 2006; OIE 2006). In February 2006, Kaduna state in Nigeria was the first of 36 states to report the infection of poultry by H5N1 (Monne et al. 2008). By April 2006, more than 325,000 chickens in Nigeria alone were identified as having H5N1 virus; of these, 223,000 died of H5N1 infection and the rest were slaughtered as a control measure (You and Diao 2007). Since 2006, the infection has spread to 22 states in Nigeria (Monne et al. 2008), and there was recently one confirmed case in humans in the southern state of Lagos in February 2007 (Monne et al. 2008). Though the last outbreak occurred in October 2007, the spread of HPAI poses a challenge to the poultry industry in Nigeria (You and Diao 2007).
Incidental Becomes Visible: A Comparison of School- and Community-Based Field Experience Narratives

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare student learning documented using written field experience summary narratives and occurring in community-based or school-based locations. Utilizing a hybrid portraiture-instrumental case study design, two researchers selected participants from undergraduate educational psychology courses using simple random selection. Overall, twenty narratives were collected and analyzed representing ten from each locale. Results indicate that both community and school placement narratives capture multiple types of learning (Jarvis, 2006); however, the similarities and differences of types of learning by locale are being further explored. The paper concludes with implications for teaching educational psychology and applications of Jarvis’s learning theory to becoming a teacher. Incidental becomes visible 3 The literature concerning best practices in teacher education indicates that prospective teachers’ (PTs) learning is enhanced when they are able to participate in structured field experiences in conjunction with their academic coursework (Clift & Brady, 2005). Given that academic knowledge can remain inert until intentionally connected to real-life events, teacher educators must find ways to provide prospective teacher with authentic opportunities to participate in real-life situations in order to begin to make explicit links to the theory discussed in class. If Educational Psychology courses do not include a field experience component, it is possible that the academic content could become divorced from the actual life of classrooms and PTs would have little opportunity to legitimately examine, understand, and critique the range of educational constructs. However, well-designed field experiences can help prospective teachers to develop richer understanding of how educational theory connects to classroom practice. When coupled with guided reflection opportunities, PTs can begin to make solid links between theory and practice and develop a constructive understanding of what it means to learn and to teach. The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to describe educational psychology student learning in field experiences using Jarvis’s comprehensive theory of human learning (Jarvis, 2006) as documented through written summary narratives; and, second compare learning by location of field placement (school-based and community-based settings). Specifically, the following research questions guided this inquiry: 1) Do written field-experience summary narratives, in undergraduate educational psychology courses capture learning? • If so, what type of learning occurs? • If so, how does the narrative capture learning? Incidental becomes visible 4 • If so, does learning change over time? 2) Does the location of the field experience (classroom or community) affect type and outcome of learning?
Metas sociales en las clases de educación física

espanolInvestigaciones recientes senalan que las metas sociales deben ser tenidas en cuenta en el estudio de la motivacion (e.g. Anderman y Anderman, 1999; Urdan y Maehr, 1995). El objetivo de este trabajo fue validar al contexto espanol la unica escala disponible para la evaluacion de las metas sociales en clases de educacion fisica: la Social Goal Scale-Physical Education (Guan, McBride, y Xiang, 2006), a traves de dos estudios con muestras de 406 y 813 alumnos de educacion fisica respectivamente. Se analizaron las propiedades psicometricas de la escala realizando analisis de la consistencia interna mediante el alfa de Cronbach, analisis factoriales confirmatorios y test de invarianza por genero. Finalmente se buscaron evidencias externas de validez utilizando la variable «competencia percibida». El analisis de los datos mostro que la escala era valida y fiable para su utilizacion con adolescentes espanoles en clases de educacion fisica. Ademas, los resultados revelaron que la meta social de responsabilidad predecia positiva y significativamente la competencia percibida. EnglishRecent investigations point out that social goals should be taken into account in the study of motivation (e.g. Anderman & Anderman, 1999; Urdan & Maehr, 1995). The objective of this paper has been to validate in the Spanish context the only available scale for the evaluation of social goals in physical education classes: the Social Goal Scale-Physical Education (Guan, McBride, & Xiang, 2006). To achieve this, two studies with samples of 406 and 813 students in physical education classes were carried out. The psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed by carrying out some checks of internal consistency through the Cronbach alpha, some confirmatory factor analyses and a test of invariance across gender. Finally, external evidences of validity were looked for by using the «perceived competence» variable. The analysis of the data showed that the scale was valid and reliable for its use with Spanish adolescents in physical education classes. Also, the results revealed that social responsibility goal positively and significantly predicted perceived competence.