Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Spike Detection and Classification Algorithm Aimed at Implementation on Hardware Devices

Neurons cultured in vitro on MicroElectrode Array (MEA) devices connect to each other, forming a network. To study electrophysiological activity and long term plasticity effects, long period recording and spike sorter methods are needed. Therefore, on-line and real time analysis, optimization of memory use and data transmission rate improvement become necessary. We developed an algorithm for amplitude-threshold spikes detection, whose performances were verified with (a) statistical analysis on both simulated and real signal and (b) Big O Notation. Moreover, we developed a PCA-hierarchical classifier, evaluated on simulated and real signal. Finally we proposed a spike detection hardware design on FPGA, whose feasibility was verified in terms of CLBs number, memory occupation and temporal requirements; once realized, it will be able to execute on-line detection and real time waveform analysis, reducing data storage problems.
A Decision-Making Process for Digital Storytelling

The method proposed here to determine, in a simplified but still plausible way, the behaviour of the characters participating in a story is based on rules that associate a given situation with a list of different goals. In view of the rules whose situation holds at the current state, each character engages in a decision-making process along three steps: goal selection, plan selection, and commitment. The selection criteria reflect individual preferences originating, respectively, from drives, attitudes and emotions. Four kinds of inter-character relations are considered, which may lead to goal and plan interferences. A prototype logic programming tool was developed to run experiments.
Sensor-scheduling simulation of disparate sensors for Space Situational Awareness

The art and science of space situational awareness (SSA) has been practised and developed from the time of Sputnik. However, recent developments, such as the accelerating pace of satellite launch, the proliferation of launch capable agencies, both commercial and sovereign, and recent well-publicised collisions involving man-made space objects, has further magnified the importance of timely and accurate SSA. The United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) operates the Space Surveillance Network (SSN), a global network of sensors tasked with maintaining SSA. The rapidly increasing number of resident space objects will require commensurate improvements in the SSN. Sensors are scarce resources that must be scheduled judiciously to obtain measurements of maximum utility. Improvements in sensor scheduling and fusion, can serve to reduce the number of additional sensors that may be required. Recently, Hill et al. [1] have proposed and developed a simulation environment named TASMAN (Tasking Autonomous Sensors in a Multiple Application Network) to enable testing of alternative scheduling strategies within a simulated multi-sensor, multi-target environment. TASMAN simulates a high-fidelity, hardware-in-the-loop system by running multiple machines with different roles in parallel. At present, TASMAN is limited to simulations involving electro-optic sensors. Its high fidelity is at once a feature and a limitation, since supercomputing is required to run simulations of appreciable scale. In this paper, we describe an alternative, modular and scalable SSA simulation system that can extend the work of Hill et al with reduced complexity, albeit also with reduced fidelity. The tool has been developed in MATLAB and therefore can be run on a very wide range of computing platforms. It can also make use of MATLAB’s parallel processing capabilities to obtain considerable speed-up. The speed and flexibility so obtained can be used to quickly test scheduling algorithms even with a relatively large number of space objects. We further describe an application of the tool by exploring how the relative mixture of electro-optical and radar sensors can impact the scheduling, fusion and achievable accuracy of an SSA system. By varying the mixture of sensor types, we are able to characterise the main advantages and disadvantages of each configuration.
Measuring the Spin of Spiral Galaxies

We compute the angular momentum, the spin parameter, and the related distribution function for dark matter halos hosting a spiral galaxy. We rely on scaling laws, inferred from observations, that link the properties of the galaxy to those of the host halo; we further assume that the dark matter has the same total specific angular momentum of the baryons. Our main results are as follows: (1) We find that the gas component of the disk significantly contributes to the total angular momentum of the system. (2) By adopting for the dark matter the observationally supported Burkert profile, we compute the total angular momentum of the disk and its correlation with the rotation velocity. (3) We find that the distribution function of the spin parameter λ peaks at a value of about 0.03, consistent with a no-major-merger scenario for the late evolution of spiral galaxies.
Dichotic Perception of Mandarin Tones by Chinese and American Listeners

The dichotic perception of Mandarin tones by native and nonnative listeners was examined in order to investigate the lateralization of lexical tone. Twenty American listeners with no tone language background and 20 Chinese listeners were asked to identify dichotically presented tone pairs by identifying which tone they heard in each ear. For the Chinese listeners, 57% of the total errors occurred via the left ear, indicating a significant right ear advantage. However, the American listeners revealed no significant ear preference, with 48% of the errors attributable to the left ear. These results indicated that Mandarin tones are predominantly processed in the left hemisphere by native Mandarin speakers, whereas they are bilaterally processed by American English speakers with no prior tone experience. The results also suggest that the left hemisphere superiority for native Mandarin tone processing is similar to native processing of other tone languages.
Probabilistic Replacement: Enabling Flexible Use of Shared Caches for CMPs

CMPs allow threads to share portions of the on-chip cache. Critical to successful sharing are the policies for allocating the shared cache to threads. Researchers have observed the best allocation policy often depends on the degree of cache interference. Typically, workloads with high cache interference require explicit working set isolation via cache partitioning, while workloads with low cache interference perform well without explicit allocation{i.e., using LRU. While cache interference impacts cache allocation policies, relatively little is known about its root causes. This paper investigates how dier ent sharing patterns in multiprogrammed workloads give rise to varying degrees of cache interference. We show cache interference is tied to the granularity of interleaving amongst inter-thread memory references: ne-gr ain interleaving yields high cache interference while coarse-grain interleaving yields low cache interference. Furthermore, interleaving granularity varies due to dier ences in mapping and timing of per-thread references in the cache. For example, coarse-grain interleaving occurs anytime per-thread references map to disjoint cache sets, or are performed during distinct time intervals. We quantify such spatial and temporal isolation of per-thread memory references, and correlate its degree to LRU and partitioning performance. This paper also proposes probabilistic replacement (PR), a new cache allocation policy motivated by our reference interleaving insights. PR controls the rate at which inter-thread replacements transfer cache resources between threads, and hence, the per-thread cache allocation boundary. Because PR operates on
Carbonates in CM chondrites: Complex formational histories and comparison to carbonates in CI chondrites

Abstract– CM chondrites are primitive solar‐system materials that have undergone high degrees of aqueous alteration, resulting in the formation of secondary minerals including carbonates. Two different carbonate minerals (calcite/aragonite and dolomite) together constitute 1.4–2.8 vol% of CM chondrites. In contrast, CI chondrites contain four different carbonate minerals: calcite/aragonite, dolomite, breunnerite, and siderite. CI chondrites have abundant dolomite, a mineral that seems to be absent in the most aqueously altered CM chondrites. In this study, carbonates in seven CM chondrites (Y‐791198, LaPaz Icefield 04796, Cold Bokkeveld, Nogoya, Queen Alexandra Range 93005, Allan Hills 83100, and Meteorite Hills 01070) were studied petrographically and by electron microprobe. The results indicate that carbonate formation in CM chondrites differs from that in CI chondrites and is more complex than previously recognized. Our studies of CM chondrites indicate that (1) carbonates formed on the parent asteroid in an aqueous environment that gradually changed in composition, (2) at some stage, Ca and Mg activities in the environment were high enough to form metastable dolomite, and (3) dolomites disappeared in the most aqueously altered CM chondrites.
A Comparison of Empowerment, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment between Advanced Practice Nurses and Registered Nurses of Hospitals

건강소비자의 고품질 간호요구가 증대됨에 따라 전문간호사 제도가 시행된 이후 전문간호사의 직무에 대 한 임파워먼트, 직무만족, 조직몰입의 수준을 파악하고 일반간호사와 비교한 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 이에 본 연구는 서울과 인천지역의 6개 상급종합병원과 4개 종합병원의 전문간호사와 간호사를 대상으로 직접 배포하거나 이메일을 통해 설문지를 받아 분석하였다. SPSS 18. 0을 사용하여 t 검정과 ANOVA 분석을 실시하였다. 임파워먼트 평균은 전문간호사(3.56±0.53)와 간호사(3.50±0.54)간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(t =-. 861, p = 0.390). 직무만족 평균도 전문간호사(3.36±0.53)와 간호사(3.25±0.46)간에 유의한 차이가 없었 다(t =1.575, p = 0.117). 조직몰입 평균도 전문간호사(3.11±0.34)와 간호사(3.05±0.36)간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(t =1.301, p = 0.195). 임파워먼트, 직무만족, 조직몰입 모두 전문간호사와 일반간호사 집단간 유의 한 차이가 없었다. 이는 한국에서 전문간호사 역할이 명확하게 정립되어 있지 않고 고용과 보상이 적절하지 않은 점과 전문간호사 제도의 운용과 효율이 부족한 실정에 기인한다고 생각된다.
Quick-and-clean extraction of linked data entities from microblogs

In this paper, we address the problem of finding Named Entities in very large micropost datasets. We propose methods to generate a sample of representative microposts by discovering tweets that are likely to refer to new entities. Our approach is able to significantly speed-up the semantic analysis process by discarding retweets, tweets without pre-identifiable entities, as well similar and redundant tweets, while retaining information content. We apply the approach on a corpus of 1:4 billion microposts, using the IE services of AlchemyAPI, Calais, and Zemanta to identify more than 700,000 unique entities. For the evaluation we compare runtime and number of entities extracted based on the full and the downscaled version of a micropost set. We are able to demonstrate that for datasets of more than 10 million tweets we can achieve a reduction in size of more than 80% while maintaining up to 60% coverage on unique entities cumulatively discovered by the three IE tools. We publish the resulting Twitter metadata as Linked Data using SIOC and an extension of the NERD core ontology.
IDH-Mutation Is a Weak Predictor of Long-Term Survival in Glioblastoma Patients

Background A very small proportion of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma (GBM) survive more than 3 years. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2) mutations define a small subgroup of GBM patients with favourable prognosis. However, it remains controversial whether long-term survivors (LTS) are found among those IDH1/2 mutated patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 207 GBM patients followed at Lariboisière Hospital (Paris) between 2005 and 2010. Clinical parameters were obtained from medical records. Mutations of IDH1/2 were analyzed in these patients, by immunohistochemistry for the R132H mutation of IDH1 and by high-resolution melting-curve analysis, followed by Sanger sequencing for IDH1 and IDH2 exon 4 mutations. Mutation rates in LTS and non-LTS groups were compared by Chi square Pearson test. Results Seventeen patients with survival >3 years were identified (8.2% of the total series). The median overall survival in long-term survivors was 4.6 years. Subgroup analysis found that the median age at diagnosis was significantly higher for non long-term survivors (non-LTS) compared to LTS (60 versus 51 years, p <0.03). The difference in the rate of IDH mutation between non-LTS and LTS was statistically not significant (1.16% versus 5.9%, p = 0.144). Among LTS, 10 out of 16 tumors presented a methylation of MGMT promoter. Conclusions This study confirms that long-term survival in GBM patients is if at all only weakly correlated to IDH-mutation.
Radio-millimetre investigation of galactic infrared dark clouds

We present follow-up observations of the mid-Infrared dark clouds selected from the ISOGAL inner Galaxy sample. On-the-fly maps of 13 CO, C 18 O and the 1.2 mm continuum emission were conducted at the IRAM 30-m telescope, showing spectacular correlation with the mid-IR absorption. The dark clouds are distributed as far as the prominent molecular ring at a distance of 3 to 7 kpc from the Sun. The clouds exhibit shapes ranging from globules to thin filaments down to $\la$1 pc in size. The on-the-fly images obtained in 13 CO and C 18 O confirmed that the cores are dense, compact molecular emitters, significantly more massive than local dark clouds (more than 1000 $M_\odot$) and lie within low activity Giant Molecular Clouds (GMC's). Ratios of the emission in the $J=(2{-}1)$ and $(1{-}0)$ transitions of 13 CO and C 18 O show a remarkable uniformity within each cloud, with a significant portion of the sample represented well by a ratio of $0.67\pm0.12$. Preliminary analysis of temperature and density measurements reveals that most of the cores have densities above 10 5 cm -3 and temperatures between 8 and 25 K, these latter clouds being associated with young embedded stars. Despite the high extinction inferred from mid-IR ($A_{\rm v} > 50$, Hennebelle et al. [CITE]), the molecular lines are surprisingly weak, indicating likely depletion onto cold grains.
Effect of ketamine on intravenous patient-controlled analgesia using hydromorphone and ketorolac after the Nuss surgery in pediatric patients

Background Nuss surgery is preferred in pectus excavatum repair because this procedure produces excellent cosmetic results and prevents postoperative distressed pulmonary function. However, the procedure causes severe pain due to thoracic expansion. This study was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of small doses of ketamine on an intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) using hydromorphone and ketorolac for pain control after Nuss surgery. Methods Forty-four patients undergoing elective Nuss surgery were randomly assigned to receive hydromorphone 3 µg/kg/hr, ketorolac 0.05 mg/kg/hr and ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg/day (Group HO, n = 22) or hydromorphone 3 µg/kg/hr, ketorolac 0.05 mg/kg/hr, ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg/day and ketamine 0.15 mg/kg/hr (Group HK, n = 22) via an IV-PCA pump after surgery. A blind observer evaluated each patient using the Modified Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) for the assessment of pain control. The total administered PCA volume, side effects and parents satisfaction with pain control were assessed at postoperative 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Results There were no significant differences in Modified CHEOPS between the groups during postoperative 48 hours. The total PCA volume in group HK was significantly lower than that in group HO (P < 0.05). The side effects in both groups did not significantly differ except for pruritus. The levels of satisfaction from the parents were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions A small dose of ketamine on IV-PCA reduced the total administered dose of IV-PCA with hydromorphone and ketorolac and reduced the incidence of pruritus after the Nuss procedure in pediatric patients.
Variables and Constants in the Theology of T. R. Malthus

Abstract Professor Sergio Cremaschi has argued that Malthus's views on theology and ethics did not remain static, but evolved over his lifetime. This article acknowledges that there were changes, but argues that they were not of major significance, and that Malthus's spiritual attitudes did not significantly alter. Malthus's status as a political economist is also discussed, together with comments on his character.
The Durham/UKST Galaxy Redshift Survey – IV. Redshift-space distortions in the two-point correlation function

We have investigated the redshift space distortions in the optically selected Durham/UKST Galaxy Redshift Survey using the 2-point galaxy correlation function perpendicular and parallel to the observer’s line of sight, �(�,�). We present results for the real space 2-point correlation function, �(r), by inverting the optimally estimated projected correlation function, which is obtained by integration of �(�,�), and find good agreement with other real space estimates. On small, non-linear scales we observe an elongation of the constant �(�,�) contours in the line of sight direction. This is due to the galaxy velocity dispersion and is the common “Finger of God” effect seen in redshift surveys. Our result for the one-dimensional pairwise rms velocity dispersion is 1/2 = 416 ± 36kms 1 which is consistent with those from recent redshift surveys and canonical values, but inconsistent with SCDM or LCDM models. On larger, linear scales we observe a compression of the �(�,�) contours in the line of sight direction. This is due to the infall of galaxies into overdense regions and the Durham/UKST data favours a value of ( 0.6 /b)�0.5, where is the mean mass density of the Universe and b is the linear bias factor which relates the galaxy and mass distributions. Comparison with other optical estimates yield consistent results, with the conclusion that the data does not favour an unbiased critical-density universe.
On Subspaces of c0 and Extension of Operators into C(K)‐Spaces

Johnson and Zippin recently showed that if $X$ is a weak^*-closed subspace of $\ell_1$ and T:X-> C(K) is any bounded operator then T can extended to a bounded operator $\tilde T:\ell_1\to C(K). $ We give a converse result: if X is a subspace of $\ell_1$ so that $\ell_1/X$ has a (UFDD) and every operator T:X -> C(K) can be extended to $\ell_1$ then there is an automorphism $\tau$ of $\ell_1$ so that $\tau(X)$ is weak^*-closed. This result is proved by studying subspaces of c_0 and several different characterizations of such subspaces are given.
Attraction Basins as Gauges of Robustness against Boundary Conditions in Biological Complex Systems

One fundamental concept in the context of biological systems on which researches have flourished in the past decade is that of the apparent robustness of these systems, i.e., their ability to resist to perturbations or constraints induced by external or boundary elements such as electromagnetic fields acting on neural networks, micro-RNAs acting on genetic networks and even hormone flows acting both on neural and genetic networks. Recent studies have shown the importance of addressing the question of the environmental robustness of biological networks such as neural and genetic networks. In some cases, external regulatory elements can be given a relevant formal representation by assimilating them to or modeling them by boundary conditions. This article presents a generic mathematical approach to understand the influence of boundary elements on the dynamics of regulation networks, considering their attraction basins as gauges of their robustness. The application of this method on a real genetic regulation network will point out a mathematical explanation of a biological phenomenon which has only been observed experimentally until now, namely the necessity of the presence of gibberellin for the flower of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana to develop normally.
Three observations regarding Schatten p classes

The paper contains three results, the common feature of which is that they deal with the Schatten $p$ class. The first is a presentation of a new complemented subspace of $C_p$ in the reflexive range (and $p\not= 2$). This construction answers a question of Arazy and Lindestrauss from 1975. The second result relates to tight embeddings of finite dimensional subspaces of $C_p$ in $C_p^n$ with small $n$ and shows that $\ell_p^k$ nicely embeds into $C_p^n$ only if $n$ is at least proportional to $k$ (and then of course the dimension of $C_p^n$ is at least of order $k^2$). The third result concerns single element of $C_p^n$ and shows that for $p>2$ any $n\times n$ matrix of $C_p$ norm one and zero diagonal admits, for every $\varepsilon>0$, a $k$-paving of $C_p$ norm at most $\varepsilon$ with $k$ depending on $\varepsilon$ and $p$ only.
Beyond being green: simple living families and ICT

Motivated by a need in sustainable HCI for studies of everyday practices, and a belief that a holistic view on sustainability is crucial to deeper understanding of how to design ICT to support sustainability, we here present a qualitative study of 11 simple living families in the US. Simple living refers to a lifestyle which is voluntarily simple out of concern for both the environment and quality of life. Our goal was to learn about a holistic view on sustainability and the role of ICT in helping and hindering families to live simply. The study contributes new insights about how holistic sustainability could be a valuable lens for HCI, revealing that sustainability is important to a wider range of areas in HCI than previously discussed. We conclude with implications for HCI for how to support sustainable practices beyond being "about" being green.
Seed Coat Microsculpturing Is Related to Genomic Components in Wild Brassica juncea and Sinapis arvensis

It has been reported that wild Brassica and related species are widely distributed across Xinjiang, China, and there has been an argument for species identification. Seed coat microsculpturing (SCM) is known to be an excellent character for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. By identifying collections from Xinjiang, China, and combining SCM pattern, flow cytometry, and genome-specific DNA markers as well as sexual compatibility with known species, this study aimed to detect potential relationships between SCM and genomic types in wild Brassica and related species. Three wild collections were found to be tetraploid with a SCM reticulate pattern similar to B. juncea, and containing A and B genome-specific loci, indicating relatively high sexual compatibility with B. juncea. The others were diploid, carrying S-genome-specific DNA markers, and having relatively high sexual compatibility with Sinapis arvensis. Moreover, their SCM was in a rugose pattern similar to that of S. arvensis. It was suggested that SCM, as a morphological characteristic, can reflect genomic type, and be used to distinguish B-genome species such as B. juncea from the related S. arvensis. The relationship between SCM and genomic type can support taxonomic studies of the wild Brassica species and related species.