Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust LS-SVR based on variational Bayesian and its applications

Outliers often exist in the data for modeling in actual industrial processes. If these outliers are used as support vectors, the obtained Support Vector Regression function maybe unreliable. In this paper, we propose a new Robust Least Squares Support Vector Regression based on variational Bayesian (RB-LSSVR). The main idea of RB-LSSVR is to learn the parameters of LSSVR in Bayesian framework, but replace the Gaussian distribution with Student's t-distribution as the probability density function of residuals of the model output and real output, which makes the model more robust to outliers. In order to solve RB-LSSVR, the Student's t-distribution is written as a scale-mixture form and variational approximation is used to iteratively learn the parameters of RB-LSSVR. The hyperparameters of the Gamma distribution that can't be solved explicitly are optimized by using Newton method. And, by using variational Bayesian, the user-specified parameters selection is simplified in RB-LSSVR. The numerical results based on several benchmark regression problems and one actual industrial modeling problem show the proposed RB-LSSVR can handle outliers very well.
A Rasch analysis of an international English language testing system listening sample test

This study reports on an investigation of the construct validity of an Internationa l English Language Testing System (IELTS) Listening sample test . The test was administered to 148 multinational participants. The Rasch modeling of data was used to fulfill the research objectives. Four major conclusions were made: 1) the Rasch differentia l item functioning analysis revealed that limited production items behave differently a cross different test taker groups suggesting the presence of construct-irrele vanci s, 2) multiple choice questions (MCQ) do not cause construct-irrelevancies unless testees n ed to make ‘close paraphrases’ to comprehend the item stem or the question demands more than one answer; this nominates short MCQ as a best item format in listening tests, 3) evidence was found for ‘lexical processing’ which is different from top-down/bottom-up processing, and 4) the Wright map provided evidence for construct under-representati on of the test. Findings from this study provide different sorts of evidence supporting a nd disproving the claim of the construct validity of the test, although they should be further investigated in future studies with different samples. Implications of the fi ndings for IELTS and item writers are also discussed.
The Effectiveness of Explicit-Implicit Vocabulary Learning Using Subtitled-Video on Vocabulary Mastery of Students of MTs. Darul A'mal

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati efektifitas pembelajaran kosakata dengan pendekatan eksplisit-implisit menggunakan video yang diberikan subtitle L1 (Bahasa Indonesia) atau L2 (Bahasa Inggris) terhadap penguasaan 30 kosakata target. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi-experimental dengan 2x2 desain faktorial. Tiga puluh (30) siswa di setiap kelas dimasukan kedalam salah satu dari empat perlakuan berikut; eksplisit-L1, explisit-L2, implisit-L1, dan implisit-L2. ANOVA dua jalur menunjukan adanya interaksi yang signifikan antara pembelajaran explisit-implisit dengan jenis subtitle yang digunakan dalam video terhadap hasil immediate post-test (p = 0.004 < α = 0.05). Pembelajaran kosakata dengan pendekatan explisit terbukti lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran implisit; dan video dengan subtitle berbahasa Indonesia (L1) terbukti lebih unggul dibanding video dengan subtitle berbahasa Inggris (L2). Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa video yang diberikan subtitle berbahasa Indonesia (L1) dapat menjadi sarana pembelajaran kosakata yang baik terutama ketika dibarengi dengan penggunaan pendekatan eksplisit.The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of explicit and implicit vocabulary learning using video with L1 or L2 subtitle to students' vocabulary mastery of 30 target words. The design is quasi-experimental with 2x2 factorial designs. Thirty (30) students in each classroom were assigned to one of these four conditions; explicit-L1 subtitle, explicit-L2 subtitle; implicit-L1 subtitle, and implicit-L2 subtitle. Two-way factorial ANOVA reveals that there is a statistically significant interaction between explicit-implicit learning and types of subtitled video on the students' immediate post-test results (p = 0.004 < α = 0.05). Explicit learning was proved to be superior to implicit learning, and L1 subtitle is superior to L2 subtitle in four learning conditions. This result suggests that L1 (Indonesian) subtitled-authentic-video has proved to be a valuable resource to learn new vocabularies in the classroom, especially when presented using explicit instructions.
Population Differences in Brain Morphology and Microstructure among Chinese, Malay, and Indian Neonates

We studied a sample of 75 Chinese, 73 Malay, and 29 Indian healthy neonates taking part in a cohort study to examine potential differences in neonatal brain morphology and white matter microstructure as a function of ethnicity using both structural T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We first examined the differences in global size and morphology of the brain among the three groups. We then constructed the T2-weighted MRI and DTI atlases and employed voxel-based analysis to investigate ethnic differences in morphological shape of the brain from the T2-weighted MRI, and white matter microstructure measured by fractional anisotropy derived from DTI. Compared with Malay neonates, the brains of Indian neonates’ tended to be more elongated in anterior and posterior axis relative to the superior-inferior axis of the brain even though the total brain volume was similar among the three groups. Although most anatomical regions of the brain were similar among Chinese, Malay, and Indian neonates, there were anatomical variations in the spinal-cerebellar and cortical-striatal-thalamic neural circuits among the three populations. The population-related brain regions highlighted in our study are key anatomical substrates associated with sensorimotor functions.
Peer effects in English Primary schools: An IV estimation on the effect of a more able peer group on age 11 examination results

The magnitude and characteristics of the effect of a child’s peers on their outcomes has long interested researchers and policy makers. In this paper, I take advantage of the correlation between the average outcomes a child’s peer group attains with the distribution of ages within the cohort to construct an instrument for the ability of the peer group in order to estimate the peers effects on children’s outcomes at age 11. IV results suggest there is a significant positive effect of a more able peer group. Furthermore, the results suggest that there is more benefit for children who are close to the ability of the peer group than those whose ability is not close.
Boosting Text Compression with Word-Based Statistical Encoding

Semistatic word-based byte-oriented compressors are known to be attractive alternatives to compress natural language texts. With compression ratios around 30–35%, they allow fast direct searching of compressed text. In this article, we reveal that these compressors have even more benefits. We show that most of the state-of-the-art compressors benefit from compressing not the original text, but the compressed representation obtained by a word-based byte-oriented statistical compressor. For example, p7zip with a dense-coding preprocessing achieves even better compression ratios and much faster compression than p7zip alone. We reach compression ratios below 17% in typical large English texts, which was obtained only by the slow prediction by partial matching compressors. Furthermore, searches perform much faster if the final compressor operates over word-based compressed text. We show that typical self-indexes also profit from our preprocessing step. They achieve much better space and time performance when indexing is preceded by a compression step. Apart from using the well-known Tagged Huffman code, we present a new suffix-free Dense-Code-based compressor that compresses slightly better. We also show how some self-indexes can handle non-suffix-free codes. As a result, the compressed/indexed text requires around 35% of the space of the original text and allows indexed searches for both words and phrases.
PENERAPAN MODEL PBL DIPADU MEDIA ANIMASI VIDEO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA DI SMP NEGERI 5 BANDA ACEH

The aim of this research was to find out the implementation of Problem based learning (PBL) model which is integrated with animated video in improving studentsâ€™ learning outcomes in the concept of human digestive system. The data were collected from August 16th until September 6th, 2016. An experimental method with Pretest-Posttest Control Group design was used in this research. Students of class VIII1 were chosen as experimental group, while students of class VIII2 were chosen as control group. The data were collected by using test. The data were analyzed by using independent sample â€“ t-test with the level of significance of 0.05. The results showed that the value of t count> t table; 4,919 > 2,002 for the studentsâ€™ learning outcomes. Therefore, it could be concluded that the PBL model which is integrated with animated video influenced the improvement of the studentsâ€™ learning outcomes in the concept of human digestive system at SMP N 5 (State Junior High School ) Banda Aceh.
Prevalence of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma in Elders Admitted to a Reference Hospital in Northeastern Brazil

Objective To know the prevalence and etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma in elders. Methods Analytical quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at a public trauma hospital located in Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil. The study population comprised patients with trauma who were hospitalized from April to August 2014. Of these patients, patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma were chosen to be included in the research. A questionnaire was administered in order to obtain information on socio-demographics, systemic comorbidities, use of medication, deleterious habits (smoking and alcohol consumption), etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma and type of pre-hospital care. Results Of the 280 elderly hospitalized with trauma, 47 had oral and maxillofacial trauma, with a prevalence of 16.8%. In this group, the age ranged from 60 to 88 years, with a mean age of 72.4 years (SD± 8.38). The elderly were mostly women (55.3%), self-declared pardos (53.2%), who presented with cardiovascular disorders (48.9%), and who received formal pre-hospital care (70.2%). Elderly who were in the 60–69 years age group, spent 6–9 years at school and drank alcohol were 2.64, 3.75, and 1.97, respectively, more likely to suffer oral and maxillofacial trauma. The main causes of trauma were physical aggression, traffic accidents, falls and domestic accidents. All of the physical aggressions resulted in oral and maxillofacial traumas, and the elderly who suffered traffic accidents were four times more likely to have oral and maxillofacial trauma. Conclusion The prevalence of 16.8% and the lack of research on oral and maxillofacial traumas in the elderly is worrisome and should be included in the oral health indicators for the elderly population to support the importance of oral health.
Clustering of galaxies in a hierarchical universe - I. Methods and results at z=0

We introduce a new technique for following the formation and evolution of galaxies in cosmological N-body simulations. Dissipationless simulations are used to track the formation and merging of dark matter haloes as a function of redshift. Simple prescriptions, taken directly from semi-analytic models of galaxy formation, are adopted for gas cooling, star formation, supernova feedback and the merging of galaxies within the haloes. This scheme enables us to explore the clustering properties of galaxies, and to investigate how selection by luminosity, colour or type influences the results. In this paper we study the properties of the galaxy distribution at z=0. These include B- and K-band luminosity functions, two-point correlation functions, pairwise peculiar velocities, cluster mass-to-light ratios, B-V colours, and star formation rates. We focus on two variants of a cold dark matter (CDM) cosmology: a high-density (Ω =1) model with shape-parameter Γ =0.21 (τ CDM), and a low-density model with Ω =0.3 and Λ =0.7 (Λ CDM). Both models are normalized to reproduce the I-band Tully--Fisher relation of Giovanelli et al. near a circular velocity of 220 km s-1. Our results depend strongly both on this normalization and on the adopted prescriptions for star formation and feedback. Very different assumptions are required to obtain an acceptable model in the two cases. For τ CDM, efficient feedback is required to suppress the growth of galaxies, particularly in low-mass field haloes. Without it, there are too many galaxies and the correlation function exhibits a strong turnover on scales below 1 Mpc. For Λ CDM, feedback must be weaker, otherwise too few L* galaxies are produced and the correlation function is too steep. Although neither model is perfect, both come close to reproducing most of the data. Given the uncertainties in modelling some of the critical physical processes, we conclude that it is not yet possible to draw firm conclusions about the values of cosmological parameters from studies of this kind. Further observational work on global star formation and feedback effects is required to narrow the range of possibilities.
Analysing the transmission pattern within the framework of housing supply and monetary policy in Australia

Housing supply is one of important components of the housing sector. Compared with an increasingly strong housing demand, the growth rates of total housing stock in Australia have exhibited a downward trend since the end of the 1990s whilst the significant adjustments in the Australian monetary policy were being implemented. This research aims to estimate the nature of the relationship between housing supply and monetary policy by a vector error correction model. According to the empirical results, a transmission pattern comprised of the indicators associated with housing supply and monetary policy can be identified, which suggests that there is a significant interrelationship between monetary policy and the supply side of the housing sector in Australia.
Semi-Infinite Wedges and Vertex Operators

The level 1 highest weight modules of the quantum affine algebra $U_q(\widehat{\frak{sl}}_n)$ can be described as spaces of certain semi-infinite wedges. Using a $q$-antisymmetrization procedure, these semi-infinite wedges can be realized inside an infinite tensor product of evaluation modules. This realization gives rise to simple descriptions of vertex operators and (up to a scalar function) their compositions.
Clinical Characteristics of Genitourinary Tuberculosis during a Recent 10-Year Period in One Center

Purpose This study was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatments of patients with genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) over the past 10 years. Materials and Methods The study population comprised 101 patients who were diagnosed with GUTB and hospitalized from January 2000 to December 2009. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear, urine tuberculosis culture, urine tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (PCR), intravenous urography, cystoscopy, and histopathologic findings were used for patient selection. Yearly proportion, gender, patient distribution according to age, history of tuberculosis, and presence of other organ tuberculosis were analyzed. Results The patients hospitalized with GUTB counted for 0.9% of all patients admitted to the department of urology. The sex ratio was 1:1.53 (male:female), and the patients' mean age was 45.57±12.55 years (range, 19-81 years). Among the patients, there was one immunocompromised patient. A total of 22 patients (21.8%) had a medical history of tuberculosis, mostly pulmonary tuberculosis (90.9%). The sensitivity of AFB stain, tuberculosis culture, and PCR was 41.6%, 55.4%, 33.7%, respectively. A total of 54 patients required additional surgical treatment: 30 cases of nephrectomy, 8 cases of epididymectomy, 8 cases of ureteral stent, 5 cases of nephrostomy, 1 case of ureterectomy, 1 case of augmentation cystoplasty, and 1 case of transurethral resection of prostate. Conclusions The frequency of GUTB tended to decrease progressively. However, GUTB is still a threat to public health. There was no previous history of tuberculosis in two-thirds of the cases of GUTB and more than half of them required further surgical treatment.
Caractérisation de l’alexithymie chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie en début d'évolution

This thesis proposes an effort to better characterize alexithymia in people with recent-onset schizophrenia (SZ) compared to non clinical controls through three major steps. The first step is to critically review the previous studies on alexithymia in SZ (n = 10) which, despite important conceptual variability and methodological caveats, highlight high severity of alexithymic features that are relatively independent from major SZ symptoms and associated to symptoms of general psychopathology, and that can be reliably measured with the TAS-20. The second step involves the comparison of two groups (SZ n = 33, Controls n = 31) regarding alexithymic features and the relationships between alexithymia, mentalizing and social cognition. It reveals that despite a higher severity of alexithymia and a mentalizing impairment in people with SZ, there is no association between both constructs in this group, thus infirming our hypothesis. However there is a significant negative association between them in the control group. The third step, as an attempt to find an alternative measure to the TAS-20 questionnaire in people who are known to show poor insight and emotional awareness, involves the study of psychometric properties of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) when it is rated by mental health professionals among people with SZ (n = 33). It shows that the OAS displays good psychometric properties in general, though it is moderately to strongly correlated to negative symptoms of SZ. This is an important limit to its use in this clinical population, at least when it is rated by a mental health professional. Results could be more accurate if the OAS was rated by a close relative, as suggested for future research. Overall, the results from the current thesis support the existence of important difficulties in emotion processing in people with SZ, principally characterized by the alexithymic feature “difficulty identifying emotions”, that are not related to mentalizing nor to symptoms but associated to a diminished social functioning. Some explanations, such as the specificity of alexithymia measures and the possible presence of a particular type of alexithymia in people with SZ, are proposed.
OTC Derivatives Reform: Netting and Networks

In the wake of the global financial crisis, member jurisdictions of the G20 have embarked upon an ambitious program of reforms to the structure and operation of financial markets. One key element of the reform program is to improve the management of counterparty risk and reduce interconnectedness in over-the-counter (OTC) derivative markets by encouraging greater use of centralised financial market infrastructure (Duffie, Li and Lubke 2010) and increasing the collateralisation of counterparty credit exposure. In accordance with the G20 commitments, new legislation was passed in Australia in December 2012, giving the Government the power to impose mandatory central clearing, trade reporting or platform-based execution requirements, if it is deemed necessary.
Body Posture during Simulated Tracheal Intubation

Tracheal intubation is an important procedure in anesthesia and emergency medicine. The standard intubation technique is direct laryngoscopy using a Macintosh blade; however, video laryngoscopy has become common and research has shown several advantages of video laryngoscopy over direct laryngoscopy. In the present study we investigated whether video laryngoscopy resulted in the intubating person adopting a more ergonomic body posture than direct laryngoscopy. To this end, 25 medical students were video-recorded intubating a manikin using a GlideScope® or a Macintosh blade. Using the GlideScope® resulted in smaller deflections for all analyzed posture angles than using the Macintosh blade. Similarly, the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (Hignett & McAtamney, 2000) indicated that the GlideScope® resulted in a body posture less likely to induce injuries than the Macintosh blade. Overall, video laryngoscopy using a GlideScope® resulted in a more ergonomic posture compared to the Macintosh blade.
Prevalence of Hypertension, Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolic Syndrome in Nepal

Background. This study was carried out to establish the prevalence of cardiovascular risks such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes in Eastern Nepal. This study also establishes the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its relationships to these cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle. Methods. 14,425 subjects aged 20–100 (mean 41.4 ± 15.1) were screened with a physical examination and blood tests. Both the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Programme's (NCEP) definitions for MS were used and compared. Results. 34% of the participants had hypertension, and 6.3% were diabetic. 28% were overweight, and 32% were obese. 22.5% of the participants had metabolic syndrome based on IDF criteria and 20.7% according to the NCEP definition. Prevalence was higher in the less educated, people working at home, and females. There was no significant correlation between the participants' lifestyle factors and the prevalence of MS. Conclusion. The high incidence of dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity could be the major contributors to MS in Nepal. Education also appears to be related to the prevalence of MS. This study confirms the need to initiate appropriate treatment options for a condition which is highly prevalent in Eastern Nepal.
Compressibility of Deterministic and Random Infinite Sequences

We introduce a definition of the notion of compressibility for infinite deterministic and i.i. d. random sequences which is based on the asymptotic behavior of truncated subsequences. For this purpose, we use asymptotic results regarding the distribution of order statistics for heavy-tail distributions and their link with α -stable laws for 1 <; α <; 2 . In many cases, our proposed definition of compressibility coincides with intuition. In particular, we prove that heavy-tail (polynomial decaying) distributions fulfill the requirements of compressibility. On the other hand, exponential decaying distributions like Laplace and Gaussian do not. The results are such that two compressible distributions can be compared with each other in terms of their degree of compressibility.