Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating Associations between Health Behaviours, Constructs of the Job Demands-Resources Model, and Work-Related Outcomes

Background and aims: Employee health is essential for workplace well-being and is known to be associated with organisational outcomes such as work engagement. Health behaviours are important determinants of health, yet have received inadequate attention within the organisational behaviour literature. Health behaviours refer to activities that may either promote health (e.g., adequate physical activity) or increase the likelihood of risk to health (e.g., tobacco consumption). Research on workplace well-being suggests that risky employee health behaviours (e.g., high alcohol consumption) are associated with negative indices of physical (e.g., risk of hospitalisation) and mental health (e.g., depression), as well as negative work-related outcomes (e.g., burnout). Conversely, employee behaviours that promote health are associated with positive physical (e.g., good cardiovascular health) and mental health (e.g., positive affect), and positive work-related outcomes (e.g., work engagement). The objective of this doctoral research was to enhance understanding of the role of health behaviours in the context of work-related well-being. The job demands-resources (JDR) model, a widely used framework of employee well-being was selected as an organising framework for this project (Demerouti et al., 2001a, 2001b). The objectives were achieved by scoping the literature on what is currently known about the associations between employee health behaviours and constructs from the JD-R model; by identifying employee typologies of job demands and resources and examining their differences on health behaviours and workplace constructs; and by examining the dynamic associations between employee health behaviours and JD-R model constructs. Method/design: Three studies were conducted to examine the role of a number of employee health behaviours (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behaviour, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep, alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption) to selected constructs (i.e., job demands, job resources, personal resources, burnout, engagement) from the JD-R model. Guided by the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley (2005), the first study provided a narrative synthesis on what is known about the associations between employee health behaviours and the model constructs through a systematic scoping review. The second study used a cross-sectional survey design (N = 399; Mage = 44.38 years; SDage = 12.79 years; 266 [66.67%] females) to identify employee profiles based on job
ATPG for Reversible Circuits Using Simulation, Boolean Satisfiability, and Pseudo Boolean Optimization

Research in the domain of reversible circuits found significant interest in the last years - not least because of the promising applications e.g. in quantum computation and low-power design. First physical realizations are already available, motivating the development of efficient testing methods for this kind of circuits. In this paper, complementary approaches for automatic test pattern generation for reversible circuits are introduced and evaluated. Besides a simulation-based technique, methods based on Boolean satisfiability and pseudo-Boolean optimization are thereby applied. Experiments on large reversible circuits show the suitability of the proposed approaches with respect to different application scenarios and test goals, respectively.
VOLATILITY IN NATURAL GAS AND OIL MARKETS

Using daily futures price data, I examine the behavior of natural gas and crude oil price volatility since 1990. I test whether there has been a significant trend in volatility, whether there was a short-term increase in volatility during the time of the Enron collapse, and whether natural gas and crude oil price volatilities are interrelated. I also measure the persistence of shocks to volatility and discuss its implications for gas- and oil-related contingent claims.
Statistical modelling of epipolar misalignment

We investigate whether epipolar misalignment can be automatically detected and corrected without explicit knowledge of point correspondences. In this regard, the work is closely related to the problem of structure-and-motion from two frames. However, the motion estimation described here is independent of any estimation of the structure of the scene and consequently is expected to be signi(cid:12)cantly more robust than structure-and-motion algorithms in which the number of unknowns is proportional to the number of pixels in the image. Instead, it may be thought of as forming the basis of a motion-without-structure algorithm, i.e. the solution requires neither knowledge nor estimation of structure or associated properties such as correspondences or (cid:13)ow (cid:12)elds, in order to estimate motion. Of course, structure may be determined by subsequent processing. In particular, we present a method for recovering camera motion for the special cases of (1) known rotation and (2) known translation. The method does not require optical (cid:13)ow (cid:12)elds, feature point correspondences or intensity derivatives. Instead, it relies on a simple statistical characteristic of neighbouring image intensity levels. Speci(cid:12)cally, that the variance in intensity between two arbitrary points in an image increases (approximately) monotonically with distance between the two points. Then, it is shown that a simple measure taken across the image can yield a very robust measure of the likelihood of an estimated motion. The likelihood measure allows motion estimation to be cast as an e(cid:14)cient search over the space of possible rotations or translations. The relation between image statistics (textures, etc.) and the accuracy of the estimated motion is discussed and experimental results on real images are presented.
Investigation of the S-PIN Diodes for Silicon Monolithic Antennas With Reconfigurable Aperture

Investigations of surface p-i-n (S-PIN) diodes developed for silicon monolithic antennas with reconfigurable aperture have been described. The main criteria for choosing a suitable substrate for the S-PIN diodes have been extensively discussed. Based on this analysis, it has been found that dedicated silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates meet the requirements of efficient and lossless wave propagation. Experimental results shown in this paper confirm the applicability of SOI substrates for manufacturing of electrically reconfigurable slot apertures. The results show that S-PIN diodes realized on SOI substrates are suitable for various microwave and millimeter-wave applications.
Are Reference Points Merely Lagged Beliefs Over Probabilities?

What explains the mixed evidence from laboratory tests of Kőszegi and Rabin’s (2006 and later) model of expectations-based reference-dependent preferences? We investigate one hypothesis: to become (behavior-affecting) reference points, probability beliefs have to sink in—being merely lagged, as the theory requires, is not sufficient. Past experiments with conflicting findings exogenously endowed subjects with beliefs that were equally lagged, but possibly unequally sunk-in. In four experiments, whose designs replicate past KR-nonsupporting experiments, we add new sink-in manipulations that endow individuals with additional, visual/physical probability impressions. Our findings are more KR-supporting in an endowment-effect setting but not in an effort-provision setting.
District administrators’ governing styles in the enactment of data-use practices

ABSTRACT This study focus on how administrators in districts approach data and data use in education differently. Based on data material from local policy documents, interviews with district administrators and observations from meetings with district administrators, school leaders and teachers, we reveal how different views on learning outcomes manifest in language use and choice of influence attempts, calling for greater consideration and awareness of the role of local authority in education. Our analysis shows how policy goals, as defined in key policy documents, are transformed and adapted into varied local governing styles – sometimes shifting the focus of primary goals in another direction, and at other times enhancing and extending the goals.
MXI 1 , a Putative Tumor Suppressor Gene , Suppresses Growth of Human Glioblastoma Cells 1

The Mxii protein functions in a regulatory network with members of the c-Myc family, In which c-Myc activates transcription and stimulates cell proliferation, and Mxii negatively regulates these actions. Inactiva tioa of the Mill gene could, therefore, inhibit differentiation and enhance proliferation in the presence of normal levels of c-Myc, and thus MXIJ is a potential tumor suppressor gene. We and others have previously mapped the MXIJ gene to the distal portion of chromosome lOq, a region that is rearranged or affected by allelic loss in many astrocytlc brain tumors. Using a newly described polymorphic CA microsatellite repeat In the third Mxli intron, we show that 7 of 11 informative glioblastomas demonstrated Mill allelic loss. Sequence analysis revealed no somatic mutations in any of the six Mill coding exons, similar to findings In prostate tumors wIth Mill allelic loss. To determine whether Mill can indeed function as a suppressor of growth, we have introduced a steroid InducibleMill expression vector into the US7MGcell line, a glioblastoma cell line lacking endogenous Mlii expression. Induction of MXIJ expres Mon resulted In a decreased growth rate and distinct morphological changes. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis demonstrated that induction of MXIJ results in accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase. Thus, these studies support the notion that MXIJ normally functions to suppress cell growth and suggest that loss of Mill function may play a role in human glioblastoma development.
Supplemental Appendix A: 240 Studies Assessed for Inclusion Two-year Evaluation of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Children (iptc) Combined with Timely Home Treatment for Malaria Control In

The 72 studies excluded from this review are in italics and the 31 studies assessed as part of the Cochrane Review are in bold (note: Paik 1974 was included in the Cochrane Review as two separate studies, bringing the total number of assessed studies to 32) Further observation on the interruption of malaria transmission with single dose of pyrimeth-amine (daraprim). tiveness of combined intermittent preventive treatment for children and timely home treatment for malaria control. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophy-laxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa: 4. Perceptions of the causes of malaria and of its treatment and prevention in the study area. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa: 6. The impact of the interventions on mortality and morbidity from malaria. BM, 1993. A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, West Africa: 5. Design and implementation of the trial.mittent preventive treatment using artemisinin-based combination therapy reduces malaria morbidity among school-aged children in Mali. A randomised trial to compare the safety, tolerability and efficacy of three drug combinations for intermittent preventive treatment in children. A study of intermittent preventive treatment and home based management of malaria in a rural area of The Gambia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 145. Two strategies for the delivery of IPTc in an area of seasonal malaria transmission in The Gambia: a randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med 8: e1000409. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria decreases the anti-Plasmodium schizont antibody response of Senegalese children. Trop Med Int Health 14: 31. Immunological consequences of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in Senegalese preschool children. Malar J 9: 363. First trials in southern Indo-China of mass pro-phylaxis of malaria with Nivaquine B (Resoquine) and with paludrine. d'eradication du paludisme dans le nord de la Republique du Cameroun. Med Trop 22: 95–118.
Impacts of Mesopredator Control on Conservation of Mesopredators and Their Prey

Declining large carnivore populations, increased habitat fragmentation, declining interests in fur trapping, and other anthropogenic factors can all lead to increased mesopredator populations and these may negatively impact biodiversity. Lethal mesopredator control potentially mitigates some of these effects but can be controversial, largely because impacts on mesopredator populations have not been evaluated. Estimating these impacts may reduce controversies while increasing our understanding of when lethal control may be beneficial. Therefore, we analyzed published mesopredator removal data to determine if mesopredator removal rates changed over time. Removals of medium,(e.g., raccoons (Procyon lotor) or red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and large, i.e., bobcats (Lynx rufus) or coyotes (Canis latrans), mesopredators were consistent from year to year and over the duration of study (i.e., number removed during the first and last years of studies were similar). In contrast, removals of small mesopredators, e.g., weasels (Mustela spp.) or spotted skunks (Spilogale putorius), declined over the duration of study. Study area size, number of species targeted for removal, and duration of removal effort were poor predictors of removal rates. Our analyses suggest that: (1) control, as typically implemented, is unlikely to cause negative long-term impacts on populations of medium and large mesopredators but may negatively impact small mesopredators, (2) if mesopredator control benefits prey, recurring removals will generally be needed to maintain benefits, and (3) timing of removals will be important to achieve management goals. We suggest that mesopredator control efforts are frequently spatially structured harvests from continuously distributed populations. This may explain (1) why removal of small mesopredators declined over time; whereas, medium and large mesopredator removals remained consistent, and (2) why some prey failed to respond to mesopredator control efforts.
Development of a Global Validation Package for Satellite Oceanic Aerosol Optical Thickness Retrieval Based on AERONET Observations and Its Application to NOAA/NESDIS Operational Aerosol Retrievals.

Abstract In this paper, a global validation package for satellite aerosol optical thickness retrieval using the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations as ground truth is described. To standardize the validation procedure, the optimum time–space match-up window, the ensemble statistical analysis method, the best selection of AERONET channels, and the numerical scheme used to interpolate/extrapolate these observations to satellite channels have been identified through sensitivity studies. The package is shown to be a unique tool for more objective validation and intercomparison of satellite aerosol retrievals, helping to satisfy an increasingly important requirement of the satellite aerosol remote sensing community. Results of applying the package to the second-generation operational aerosol observational data (AEROBS) from the NOAA-14 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) in 1998 and to the same year aerosol observation data [Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System-Single Scanner Fo.
Efficiency matters!

Current data intensive scalable computing (DISC) systems, although scalable, achieve embarrassingly low rates of processing per node. We feel that current DISC systems have repeated a mistake of old high-performance systems: focusing on scalability without considering efficiency. This poor efficiency comes with issues in reliability, energy, and cost. As the gap between theoretical performance and what is actually achieved has become glaringly large, we feel there is a pressing need to rethink the design of future data intensive computing and carefully consider the direction of future research.
Malcolm Turnbull’s conversational career on Twitter: the case of the Australian Prime Minister and the NBN

Politicians’ use of Twitter during election periods has been extensively researched. There has been less scholarly focus on the way politicians’ use of Twitter changes depending on their political circumstances. This article reports on an analysis of Malcolm Turnbull’s Twitter account from October 2008 to July 2016 examining his ‘engagement’ in terms of ‘conversations’ with political journalists, specialist technology writers and other Twitter users. It found Turnbull ‘conversed’ with the general public more than elites and revealed heated exchanges with specialist technology writers about the National Broadband Network (NBN) and more genial ‘banter’ with political journalists. It also showed a peak in ‘conversations’ when he was Shadow Minister for Communications and a sharp decline once he became Minister for Communications and then Prime Minister. This article points to the need for further long-duration research to better understand the impact of changing political contexts on politicians’ use of social media.
Manipulation Pattern Discovery: A Nonparametric Bayesian Approach

We aim to unsupervisedly discover human's action (motion) patterns of manipulating various objects in scenarios such as assisted living. We are motivated by two key observations. First, large variation exists in motion patterns associated with various types of objects being manipulated, thus manually defining motion primitives is infeasible. Second, some motion patterns are shared among different objects being manipulated while others are object specific. We therefore propose a nonparametric Bayesian method that adopts a hierarchical Dirichlet process prior to learn representative manipulation (motion) patterns in an unsupervised manner. Taking easy-to-obtain object detection score maps and dense motion trajectories as inputs, the proposed probabilistic model can discover motion pattern groups associated with different types of objects being manipulated with a shared manipulation pattern dictionary. The size of the learned dictionary is automatically inferred. Comprehensive experiments on two assisted living benchmarks and a cooking motion dataset demonstrate superiority of our learned manipulation pattern dictionary in representing manipulation actions for recognition.
The Ly-α profile and center-to-limb variation of the quiet Sun

Aims. We study the emission of the hydrogen Lyman-α line in the quiet Sun, its center-to-limb variation, and its radiance distribution. We also compare quasi-simultaneous Ly-α and Ly-β line profiles. Methods. We used the high spectral and spatial resolution of the SUMER spectrometer and completed raster scans at various locations along the disk. For the first time, we used a method to reduce the incoming photon flux to a 20%-level by partly closing the aperture door. We also performed a quasi-simultaneous observation of both Ly-α and Ly-β at the Sun center in sit-and-stare mode. We infer the flow characteristic in the Ly-α map from variations in the calibrated λ 1206 Si iii line centroids. Results. We present the average profile of Ly-α, its radiance distribution, its center-to-limb behaviour, and the signature of flows on the line profiles. Little center-to-limb variation and no limb brightening are observed in the profiles of the Ly-α line. In contrast to all other lines of the Lyman series, which have a red-horn asymmetry, Ly-α has a robust and – except for dark locations – dominating blue-horn asymmetry. There appears to be a brightness-to-asymmetry relationship. A similar and even clearer trend is observed in the downflow-to-asymmetry relationship. This important result is consistent with predictions from models that include flows. However, the absence of a clear center-to-limb variation in the profiles may be more indicative of an isotropic field than a mainly radial flow. Conclusions. It appears that the ubiquitous hydrogen behaves in a similar way to a filter that dampens all signatures of the line formation by processes in both the chromosphere and transition region.
Universal Streaming

Given a stream of data, a typical approach in streaming algorithms is to design a sophisticated algorithm with small memory that computes a specific statistic over the streaming data. Usually, if one wants to compute a different statistic after the stream is gone, it is impossible. But what if we want to compute a different statistic after the fact? In this paper, we consider the following fascinating possibility: can we collect some small amount of specific data during the stream that is “universal,” i.e., where we do not know anything about the statistics we will want to later compute, other than the guarantee that had we known the statistic ahead of time, it would have been possible to do so with small memory? In other words, is it possible to collect some data in small space during the stream, such that any other statistic that can be computed with comparable space can be computed after the fact? This is indeed what we introduce (and show) in this paper with matching upper and lower bounds: we show that it is possible to collect universal statistics of polylogarithmic size, and prove that these universal statistics allow us after the fact to compute all other statistics that are computable with similar amounts of memory. We show that this is indeed possible, both for the standard unbounded streaming model and the sliding window streaming model.
Experimental Results on Learning Soft Constraints

Constraints are a very natural knowledge representation formalism. However , classical constraints (which are either satissed or not) are not so ex-ible and cannot describe real-life features like preferences, costs, priorities, and uncertainties. Therefore recently many formalisms for soft constraints (which can be satissed at a certain level) have been developed. We address the problem of modeling a real-life problem by using soft constraints. In many real-life situations, one may know his/her preferences over some of the solutions, but have no idea on how to code this knowledge into the constraint problem in terms of local preferences, or also one may be able to give only a rough approximation of the desired levels of satisfaction of the constraints. We therefore suggest to treat the solution preferences as examples, and to employ a learning scheme which learns from such examples (either from scratch or from the available rough model) all the local preferences , so that the global preferences speciied in the examples are satissed. This paper presents experimental results on the use of this technique, presenting both a base version of the learning scheme and also an incremental anytime version, which helps in deciding when the amount of learning is enough.
Optimization of Low-Voltage Metallized Film Capacitor Geometry

Thermal constraint is one of the major cause of capacitor failures. In this paper, a loss model, based on electrode current distribution, is first established to determine, by numerical simulation, a temperature mapping of capacitor. This mapping is successfully compared to measurements. Then a shape optimization, coupling losses computing and finite-element method, is led in order to find parameters that give the best lifespan and the larger reactive power provided. Very interesting new geometries have been found out; they allow an increase in reactive power greater than the increase in volume