Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concurrent Supra-Postural Auditory–Hand Coordination Task Affects Postural Control: Using Sonification to Explore Environmental Unpredictability in Factors Affecting Fall Risk

Clinical screening tests for balance and mobility often fall short of predicting fall risk. Cognitive distractors and unpredictable external stimuli, common in busy natural environments, contribute to this risk, especially in older adults. Less is known about the effects of upper sensory–motor coordination, such as coordinating one’s hand with an external stimulus. We combined movement sonification and affordable inertial motion sensors to develop a task for the precise measurement and manipulation of full-body interaction with stimuli in the environment. In a double-task design, we studied how a supra-postural activity affected quiet stance. The supra-postural task consisted of rhythmic synchronization with a repetitive auditory stimulus. The stimulus was attentionally demanding because it was being modulated continuously. The participant’s hand movement was sonified in real time, and their goal was to synchronize their hand movement with the stimulus. In the unpredictable condition, the tempo changed at random points in the trial. A separate sensor recorded postural fluctuations. Young healthy adults were compared to older adult (OA) participants without known risk of falling. The results supported the hypothesis that supra-postural coordination would entrain postural control. The effect was stronger in OAs, supporting the idea that diminished reserve capacities reduce the ability to isolate postural control from sensory–motor and cognitive activity.
Pretransplant cytotoxic donor T‐cell activity specific to patient HLA class I antigens correlating with mortality after unrelated BMT

Unrelated bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is associated with increased post‐transplant complication rates, partly because more transplantation antigens are mismatched than in HLA‐identical related BMT. We have shown previously that the cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte precursor (CTLp) test performed before transplantation specifically detects HLA class I mismatches demonstrating its usefulness for the identification of new HLA class I alleles. In this study we analysed the clinical relevance of the CTLp test in 41 patients who underwent unrelated BMT between 1990 and 1994. All patient–donor pairs were HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐DR compatible as defined by AB‐serology and oligotyping for DR1‐14. The host‐reactive CTLp test was performed using previously frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as stimulators and PHA blasts as target cells. We found 10 CTLp‐positive and 31 CTLp‐negative patient–donor pairs. Between the two groups there were no significant differences for age, diagnosis, sex, preconditioning and GvHD prophylaxis. The clinical results for the CTLp positive and the CTLp negative transplants were: severe acute GvHD III–IV 67% and 26% (P = 0.0315), transplant‐related mortality 60% and 26% (P = 0.0085), and patient survival at 3.5 years 10% and 54% (P = 0.0006).
Ante-partum haemorrhage and pregnancy outcome in LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, southwestern Nigeria

Obstetric haemorrhage has been the leading cause of maternal death in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention, early detection and prompt management can not be overemphasized. Prompt detection and appropriate treatment of Antepartum haemorrhage would reduce significantly morbidity and mortality associated with obstetric haemorrhage. The aim of this study is to compare the pregnancy outcome of mothers treated for Ante-partum haemorrhage (APH) with those who did not receive any treatment. This is a case-control study of women who had treatment for APH compared with those who had none. Women with APH had significant maternal and neonatal complications. These include maternal anaemia, blood transfusion, prolonged hospital stay and caesarean deliveries while neonatal complications were birth asphyxia, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. Women with APH constituted a major obstetric challenge and concerted efforts must be made by the practicing obstetrician in this environment to identify those at risk in order to plan adequately.
Effect of Recombinant Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone on Meiotic Competence of In Vitro Grown Nili Ravi Buffalo Oocytes

— In the present study, the response of Nili Ravi buffalo oocytes to recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH) (Organon) on meiotic maturation in vitro was examined. Oocytes were matured in vitro in medium containing either 0 or 0.05 IU/ ml rhFSH and the stage of nuclear maturation recorded after 24 hours. The percentage of oocytes in the control group undergoing germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) observed after 24 hours of culture was 29 % whereas as in rhFSH group the percentage was 10 % were at this stage (P< 0.001). Thus in the presence of rhFSH, a significantly greater number of oocytes had progressed to the more advanced stages of nuclear maturation. Indeed, the maturation of GV (Germinal Vesicle) stage oocytes to the metaphase II (M II) stage after 24 hours was significantly (P< 0.0001) increased by the addition of rhFSH (82 % VS 47 %). The percentage of degenerated oocytes after 24 hours of culture was 24 % in control group, whereas in rhFSH group the percentage was 8 % after 24 hours. Degeneration of the oocytes after 24 hours was not significantly (P = 0. 9361) decreased.
Research on Dynamic Economic Dispatch Optimization Problem Based on Improved Grey Wolf Algorithm

The dynamic economic dispatch (DED) problem is a typical complex constrained optimization problem with non-smooth, nonlinear, and nonconvex characteristics, especially considering practical situations such as valve point effects and transmission losses, and its objective is to minimize the total fuel costs and total carbon emissions of generating units during the dispatch cycle while satisfying a series of equality and inequality constraints. For the challenging DED problem, a model of a dynamic economic dispatch problem considering fuel costs is first established, and then an improved grey wolf optimization algorithm (IGWO) is proposed, in which the exploitation and exploration capability of the original grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO) is enhanced by initializing the population with a chaotic algorithm and introducing a nonlinear convergence factor to improve weights. Furthermore, a simple and effective constraint-handling method is proposed for the infeasible solutions. The performance of the IGWO is tested with eight benchmark functions selected and compared with other commonly used algorithms. Finally, the IGWO is utilized for three different scales of DED cases, and compared with existing methods in the literature. The results show that the proposed IGWO has a faster convergence rate and better global optimization capabilities, and effectively reduces the fuel costs of the units, thus proving the effectiveness of IGWO.
Young children's overgeneralizations with fixed transitivity verbs.

The present study examined English-speaking children's tendency to make argument structure overgeneralization errors (e.g., I disappeared it). Children were exposed to several English verbs of fixed transitivity (exclusively intransitive or exclusively transitive) and then asked questions that encouraged them to overgeneralize usage of the verbs. Seventy-two children (24 in each of three age groups: 3, 4/5, and 8 years of age) experienced four actions performed by puppets. Each action had two verbs of similar meaning associated with it in the context of the experimental action: one more familiar to young children and one less familiar. Children at all ages were more likely to overgeneralize usage of verbs that were less familiar to them, supporting the hypothesis that children's usage of verbs in particular construction types becomes entrenched over time. As children solidly learn the transitivity status of particular verbs, they become more reluctant to use those verbs in other argument structure constructions.
Lossy joint source-channel coding in the finite blocklength regime

This paper shows new tight finite-blocklength bounds for the best achievable lossy joint source-channel code rate, and demonstrates that joint source-channel code design brings considerable performance advantage over a separate one in the non-asymptotic regime. A joint source-channel code maps a block of k source symbols onto a length - n channel codeword, and the fidelity of reproduction at the receiver end is measured by the probability ϵ that the distortion exceeds a given threshold d. For memoryless sources and channels, it is demonstrated that the parameters of the best joint source-channel code must satisfy nC - kR(d) ≈ √(nV + kV(d)) Q-1 (ϵ), where C and V are the channel capacity and dispersion, respectively; R(d) and V(d) are the source rate-distortion and rate-dispersion functions; and Q is the standard Gaussian complementary cdf.
Efficient Match Kernel between Sets of Features for Visual Recognition

In visual recognition, the images are frequently modeled as unordered collections of local features (bags). We show that bag-of-words representations commonly used in conjunction with linear classifiers can be viewed as special match kernels, which count 1 if two local features fall into the same regions partitioned by visual words and 0 otherwise. Despite its simplicity, this quantization is too coarse, motivating research into the design of match kernels that more accurately measure the similarity between local features. However, it is impractical to use such kernels for large datasets due to their significant computational cost. To address this problem, we propose efficient match kernels (EMK) that map local features to a low dimensional feature space and average the resulting vectors to form a set-level feature. The local feature maps are learned so their inner products preserve, to the best possible, the values of the specified kernel function. Classifiers based on EMK are linear both in the number of images and in the number of local features. We demonstrate that EMK are extremely efficient and achieve the current state of the art in three difficult computer vision datasets: Scene-15, Caltech-101 and Caltech-256.
Coral Larvae Move toward Reef Sounds

Free-swimming larvae of tropical corals go through a critical life-phase when they return from the open ocean to select a suitable settlement substrate. During the planktonic phase of their life cycle, the behaviours of small coral larvae (<1 mm) that influence settlement success are difficult to observe in situ and are therefore largely unknown. Here, we show that coral larvae respond to acoustic cues that may facilitate detection of habitat from large distances and from upcurrent of preferred settlement locations. Using in situ choice chambers, we found that settling coral larvae were attracted to reef sounds, produced mainly by fish and crustaceans, which we broadcast underwater using loudspeakers. Our discovery that coral larvae can detect and respond to sound is the first description of an auditory response in the invertebrate phylum Cnidaria, which includes jellyfish, anemones, and hydroids as well as corals. If, like settlement-stage reef fish and crustaceans, coral larvae use reef noise as a cue for orientation, the alleviation of noise pollution in the marine environment may gain further urgency.
Eosinophil granulocytes in chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases and CRSwNP: Function, immunological basis, and clinical significance

Introduction: Eosinophils play an important regulatory and immunomodulatory role in airway mucosa and have antiparasitic and antiviral properties as well as pro-inflammatory effects that may also cause persistence of inflammation with tissue remodeling. The number of eosinophils and the detection of specific mediators in biological samples from, e.g., blood, nasal secretions, and bronchial fluid can serve as biomarkers that reflect the underlying pathophysiology of certain diseases, predict treatment success, and detect therapy effects. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted to determine the immunologic basis, mode of action, clinical significance, and available evidence for therapeutic approaches using eosinophil-targeted monoclonal antibodies by searching Medline, Pubmed, and the national and international trial database (ClinicalTrials.gov) and guideline registries as well as the Cochrane Library. Human studies published on the topic in the period up to and including 10/2023 were considered. Results: Based on the international literature and previous experience, the results are summarized, and recommendations are given. Conclusion: The important role of eosinophils in immunological processes in the airway mucosa is comprehensively analyzed and can serve as a basis for current and future treatment approaches.
Network Effects and Competition: An Empirical Analysis of the Home Video Game Industry

Building on the resource‐based view of the firm, we advance the idea that a firm's customer network can be a strategic asset. We suggest that network effects are a function of network size (i.e., installed customer base) and network strength (i.e., the marginal impact of a unit increase in network size on demand). We empirically study these network effects in the 16‐bit home video game industry in which the dominant competitors were Nintendo and Sega. In the spirit of the new empirical IO framework, we estimate a structural econometric model assuming the data are equilibrium outcomes of the best fitting noncooperative game in price and advertising. After controlling for other effects, we find strong evidence that network effects are asymmetric between the competitors in the home video game industry. Specifically, we find that the firm with a smaller customer network (Nintendo) has higher network strength than the firm with the larger customer base (Sega). Thus, our results provide a possible explanation for this situation in which the firm with a smaller customer network (Nintendo) was able to overtake the sales of a firm with a larger network size (Sega). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improvement in precision grip force control with self-modulation of primary motor cortex during motor imagery

Motor imagery (MI) has shown effectiveness in enhancing motor performance. This may be due to the common neural mechanisms underlying MI and motor execution (ME). The main region of the ME network, the primary motor cortex (M1), has been consistently linked to motor performance. However, the activation of M1 during motor imagery is controversial, which may account for inconsistent rehabilitation therapy outcomes using MI. Here, we examined the relationship between contralateral M1 (cM1) activation during MI and changes in sensorimotor performance. To aid cM1 activity modulation during MI, we used real-time fMRI neurofeedback-guided MI based on cM1 hand area blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in healthy subjects, performing kinesthetic MI of pinching. We used multiple regression analysis to examine the correlation between cM1 BOLD signal and changes in motor performance during an isometric pinching task of those subjects who were able to activate cM1 during motor imagery. Activities in premotor and parietal regions were used as covariates. We found that cM1 activity was positively correlated to improvements in accuracy as well as overall performance improvements, whereas other regions in the sensorimotor network were not. The association between cM1 activation during MI with performance changes indicates that subjects with stronger cM1 activation during MI may benefit more from MI training, with implications toward targeted neurotherapy.
Pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) Infection among Primary Level Government School Children of Chhampi, Lalitpur District, Nepal

Introduction: Poor sanitation and crowding effect are easy way for transmission of enterobiasis between infected and uninfected person and it is usually common among playgroup and school kids. Subject and Methods: Among the various health problem of school children, enterobiasis is one of them still present among the school children in context of Nepal. Unawareness along with unhygienic lifestyle as well as crowdy environment may be the major reasons behind this. This study was aimed to find enterobiasis of school children in Chhampi, Lalitpur. The students were categorized on basis of age, sex, ethnic group, itching habit, nail biting habit and playing with domestic pets habit. A total of 107 cellophane samples of 2-13 years aged children were included for the microscopic examination. Result: Overall 11(10.28%) enterobiasis prevalence were reported in children including 10.91% male and 9.26% female. Age group 5-7 years was found to be highly infected (4.67%). There was absence of enterobiasis among the age group 11-13 years. There was insignificant statistics association ethnically with the enterobiasis however the prevalence rate was higher in Janajati (54.54%). There were no significant association between pinworm infection with scratching habit around anus (P > 0.05) and nail biting habit (P > 0.05) of children. Conclusion: The prevalence was found to be high among primary level children and Scotch tape was a specific test for the detection of eggs of pinworm against enterobiasis.
Unvealing the Principal Modes of Human Upper Limb Movements through Functional Analysis

The rich variety of human upper limb movements requires an extraordinary coordination of different joints according to specific spatio-temporal patterns. However, unvealing these motor schemes is a challenging task. Principal components have been often used for analogous purposes, but such an approach relies on hypothesis of temporal uncorrelation of upper limb poses in time. To overcome these limitations, in this work we leverage on functional Principal Component Analysis (fPCA). We carried out experiments with 7 s​bjects performing a set of most significant human actions, selected considering state-of-the-art grasp taxonomies and human kinematic workspace. fPCA results show that human upper limb trajectories can be reconstructed by a linear combination of few principal time dependent functions, with a first component alone explaining around 60/70% of the observed behaviours. This allows to infer that in daily living activities humans reduce the complexity of movement by modulating their motions through a reduced set of few principal patterns. Finally, we discuss how this approach could be profitably applied in robotics and bioengineering, opening fascinating perspectives to advance the state of the art of artificial systems, as it was the case of hand synergies.
Recognizing abuse.

After years as a taboo topic, abuse has come "out of the closet" and is being talked about openly in society. Yet, while abuse in the workplace is being confronted, abuse within families still often goes unrecognized by outsiders, including by nurses. Failure of nurses to recognize abuse is unfortunate since frequently they are the first point of contact with the victim of abuse in the emergency room, clinic and home. Understanding and insight into the problem of family violence by nurses is critical in addressing this problem. Knowledge is crucial in planning strategies that will have the long-lasting effect of decreasing the cycle of abuse in families.
Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping in the Context of Chronic Illness

A recent review suggested that self-compassion promotes use of adaptive rather than maladaptive coping. Less is known about how self-compassion is linked to stress and coping in the context of a chronic stressor. Across two primarily female chronic illness samples, inflammatory bowel disease (N = 155) and arthritis (N = 164), a model linking self-compassion to lower stress through coping styles and coping efficacy was tested. Path analyses revealed significant indirect effects for adaptive coping styles (active, positive reframing, and acceptance), and negatively for maladaptive coping styles (behavioral disengagement and self-blame) in both samples. Findings suggest that the relative balance of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies used by self-compassionate people is associated with better coping outcomes in the context of chronic illness.
Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Aetiology The incidence varies in different countries and it seems to be less common in Great Britain than in some places on the Continent. During a period of 5 years (1944-48) 42 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis were seen among 28,200 new patients attending the skin department of the General Infirmary at Leeds (1.5 per thousand). In the north of Great Britain it would seem that dermatitis herpetiformis of childhood is less rare than in the south. However, the onset is usually between the ages of 6 years and 45 years and males are affected a little more frequently than females (Everall, 1954). The cause is unknown and though some have considered it to be a virus infection there is no ~vidence to support this view. The condition IS associated with a sensitivity to iodine and a small dose of potassium iodide by mouth will cause a severe exacerbation in an affected indi~iduaI. This provides a useful diagnostic test In times of doubt. Skin patch tests with iodides are unreliable. The remarkable effect of sulphapyridine in ~ontrolling the condition may be related to Iodine metabolism and is certainly not the result of an antibiotic action. It is of interest that the sulphonamides have a thiouracil-like effect on the thyroid glands of rats and it seems possible that the action of sulphapyridine in dermatitis herpetiformis may result from some alteration in iodine metabolism. I found that, of 7 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, 5 were controlled by thiouracil during a shortterm experiment lasting a few weeks. (It would be most unsuitable for routine treatment.) These patients could also be controlled by sulphapyridine. In a large proportion of patients the onset follows a period of nervous strain or an emotional shock, but occasionally it appears in association with malignant disease (Forman, 1952). Probably it should be considered merely as the symptom of a metabolic upset precipitated by a variety of causes.