Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex cytokeratin polypeptide patterns observed in certain human carcinomas.

Human epithelial cells contain, intermediate-sized filaments formed by polypeptides related to epidermal alpha-keratin ("cytokeratins") which are expressed in different combinations in different epithelia. Using cytoskeletal proteins from human biopsies and autopsies we have examined, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting experiments, the cytokeratin polypeptide patterns of diverse primary and metastatic carcinomas and have compared them with those of corresponding normal epithelial tissues and cultured cells. Five groups of carcinoma cytokeratin patterns can be discriminated. (1) Cytokeratins typical of simple epithelia (polypeptides Nos. 7, 8, 18, 19) are expressed, in various combinations, by many adenocarcinomas, for example those of gastrointestinal tract. (2) Cytokeratins typical of stratified epithelia (Nos. 1, 5, 6, 10, 11, 14-17) are found, in various combinations, in squamous cell carcinomas of skin and tongue. (3) Complex patterns showing polypeptides Nos. 7, 8, 18, 19, and one basic component (No. 5 or 6) are detected in certain carcinomas of the respiratory tract and the breast. (4) Complex patterns containing cytokeratins widespread in stratified epithelia (Nos. 4-6, 14-17) as well as components Nos. 8 and 19 occur in diverse squamous cell carcinomas derived from non-cornified stratified epithelia, with or without additional small amounts of cytokeratin No. 18. (5) Patterns of unusually high complexity can be found in some rare tumors as is shown for a cloacogenic carcinoma. No significant qualitative changes of expression of cytokeratins were found when primary tumors and metastases were compared. When compared with cytokeratin patterns of normal epithelia, carcinomas of the first type usually display a high degree of relatedness to the tissue of origin. Other carcinomas do not express some of the cytokeratins present in the tissue of their origin and, vice versa, certain components which are minor or apparently absent in normal tissue are major cytokeratins in the corresponding tumor. These differences may be explained by cell type selection during carcinogenesis, but changes of expression during tumor development cannot be categorically excluded. The possibility of cell type heterogeneity within a given tumor is also discussed. Similarly complex patterns of cytokeratin polypeptides have been noted in certain cultured human carcinoma cell lines (e.g., A-431, RPMI 2650, Detroit 562, A-549) and can also be observed in cell clones. The possible value of analyses of cytokeratin patterns, by gel electrophoresis or specific monoclonal antibodies, in distinguishing different carcinomas by non-morphologic criteria is discussed.
Success criteria for financial institutions in electronic commerce

Since the World Wide Web became a medium for commercial activities in 1993, a tremendous number of companies joined in. Companies want to reach new markets through this low cost and massive computer network. The financial services industry is one of the early players. Since the nature of this delivery channel is very different from the traditional ones, banks are faced with competition from traditional foes as well as from non-traditional competitors. Through the use of web crawlers, this study has identified the key players in Electronic Commerce and has identified 5 success criteria for banks to compete in this new market: a complete e-Commerce strategy; innovation; high risk tolerance; an efficient communication network and significant asset size.
Object recognition and incremental learning algorithms for a web-based telerobotic system

This paper describes a web-based telerobotic system with two basic capabilities: object recognition and incremental or continual learning. Within this context, the present paper investigates the feasibility of applying several distance-based classifiers to remote object recognition tasks. On the other hand, incremental learning enables the system to maintain a representative set of past training examples that are used together with new data to appropriately modify the currently held knowledge. This can constitute a very significant advantage because it allows a system to continually increase its knowledge and accordingly, to enhance its performance in recognition as it learns. And also, because this capability allows to detect an incorrect or anomalous employment of this particular remote system. The performance of the system is evaluated by means of an empirical analysis addressed to assess two competing goals: computing time and recognition accuracy.
Statistical properties of loaded wireless multicarrier systems

Multicarrier modulation has established itself as an appealing option for high-performance wireless communication systems. When the channel varies slowly in time, such as in applications with low terminal mobility, adaptive loading further enhances the system performance considerably. However, even with adaptive loading, significant performance fluctuations still occur, which impact the higher layers and the overall system behavior. First, a good understanding of the nature of these fluctuations is crucial to design better higher layers that are able to tolerate or combat this variability. For this reason, we develop a full statistical description of a loaded wireless multicarrier system that accurately characterizes its behavior. Our model abstracts the loaded system as an equivalent single carrier system with flat log-normal fading and has the channel tap as a single parameter. Second, with our model, the physical layer can now be incorporated in an abstracted fashion during simulation, resulting in significant speed-ups. Indeed, the alternative would be to include the entire loaded multicarrier system in these simulations, which is highly time consuming. Third, our statistical model is also important for the mathematical analysis of protocols, which requires knowledge of the physical layer statistics. We derive such statistics for both correlated and uncorrelated Rayleigh fading.
GraSp: Grammar Learning from Unlabelled Speech Corpora

This paper presents the ongoing project Computational Models of First Language Acquisition, together with its current product, the learning algorithm GraSp. GraSp is designed specifically for inducing grammars from large, unlabelled corpora of spontaneous (i.e. unscripted) speech. The learning algorithm does not assume a predefined grammatical taxonomy; rather the determination of categories and their relations is considered as part of the learning task. While GraSp learning can be used for a range of practical tasks, the long-term goal of the project is to contribute to the debate of innate linguistic knowledge - under the hypothesis that there is no such.
Demystified molecular pathology of NUT midline carcinomas

NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare, highly lethal cancer that occurs in children and adults of all ages. NMCs uniformly present in the midline, most commonly in the head, neck or mediastinum, as poorly differentiated carcinomas with variable degrees of squamous differentiation. This tumour is defined by rearrangement of the nuclear protein in testis (NUT) gene on chromosome 15q14. In most cases, NUT is involved in a balanced translocation with the BRD4 gene on chromosome 19p13.1, an event that creates a BRD4–NUT fusion gene. Variant rearrangements, some involving the BRD3 gene, occur in the remaining cases. NMC is diagnosed by detection of NUT rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridisation or reverse transcriptase PCR. Due its rarity and lack of characteristic histological features, most cases of NMC currently go unrecognised.
Brightest cluster galaxies in cosmological simulations: achievements and limitations of active galactic nuclei feedback models

Fil: Ragone Figueroa, Cinthia Judith. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto de Astronomia Teorica y Experimental; Argentina; Istituto Nazionale Di Astrofisica; Italia;
Response of Euphausia pacifica to small-scale shear in turbulent flow over a sill in a fjord

Zooplankton in the ocean respond to visual and hydro-mechanical cues such as small-scale shear in turbulent flow. In addition, they form strong aggregations where currents intersect sloping bottoms. Strong and predictable tidal currents over a sill in Knight Inlet, Canada, make it an ideal location to investigate biological behaviour in turbulent cross-isobath flow. We examine acoustic data (38, 120 and 200 kHz) collected there during the daylight hours, when the dominant zooplankters, Euphausia pacifica have descended into low light levels at ∼90 m. As expected, these data reveal strong aggregations at the sill. However, they occur consistently 10–20 m below the preferred light depth of the animals. We have constructed a simple model of the flow to investigate this phenomenon. Tracks of individual animals are traced in the flow and a variety of zooplankton behaviours tested. Our results indicate that the euphausiids must actively swim downward when they encounter the bottom boundary layer (bbl) to reproduce the observed downward shift in aggregation patterns. We suggest that this behaviour is cued by the small-scale shear in the bbl. Furthermore, this behaviour is likely to enhance aggregations found in strong flows at sills and on continental shelves.
Robust Record Linkage Blocking Using Suffix Arrays and Bloom Filters

Record linkage is an important data integration task that has many practical uses for matching, merging and duplicate removal in large and diverse databases. However, quadratic scalability for the brute force approach of comparing all possible pairs of records necessitates the design of appropriate indexing or blocking techniques. The aim of these techniques is to cheaply remove candidate record pairs that are unlikely to match. We design and evaluate an efficient and highly scalable blocking approach based on suffix arrays. Our suffix grouping technique exploits the ordering used by the index to merge similar blocks at marginal extra cost, resulting in a much higher accuracy while retaining the high scalability of the base suffix array method. Efficiently grouping similar suffixes is carried out with the use of a sliding window technique. We carry out an in-depth analysis of our method and show results from experiments using real and synthetic data, which highlight the importance of using efficient indexing and blocking in real-world applications where datasets contain millions of records. We extend our disk-based methods with the capability to utilise main memory based storage to construct Bloom filters, which we have found to cause significant speedup by reducing the number of costly database queries by up to 70% in real data. We give practical implementation details and show how Bloom filters can be easily applied to Suffix Array based indexing.
Fuzzy weighted support vector regression for multiple linear model estimation : application to object tracking in image sequences

In this paper, we present a new support vector regression (SVR) based strategy for simultaneously extracting multiple linear structures in a training data set. As in fuzzy c-prototypes algorithms [17], [18], [10], we introduce fuzzy weights in the SVR formulation which assign to each data point a membership value according to c-structures. We propose to solve the corresponding dual problem under an iterative strategy with an initialization step. Experiments show the benefits of robustness properties of SVR in comparison with the standard fuzzy c-prototypes algorithm. Next, the motion estimation problem is used to illustrate its applicability and relevance in respect of real-world applications.
Long‐term results of danish prostatic cancer group trial 86. Goserelin acetate plus flutamide versus orchiectomy in advanced prostate cancer

In a multicenter trial conducted by the Danish Prostatic Cancer Group, 264 patients with advanced prostate cancer were randomized either to undergo bilateral orchiectomy or to receive combination treatment with goserelin acetate and flutamide. This report is an update of that study, covering a median follow‐up for survival of 57 months. Of 262 patients who were evaluated, 208 have died. As noted in earlier analyses of this study, no differences in time to progression and cause‐specific and overall survival could be identified between the two treatment groups. In conclusion, the combination of goserelin and flutamide was not clinically superior to bilateral orchiectomy in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Comparative antibiogram of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) associated with subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cows

Aim: The present study was planned to determine the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) strains isolated from clinical and subclinical cases of mastitis in dairy cows. Antibiotic sensitivity profile will be helpful to recommend early therapy at the field level prior to availability of CST results. Materials and Methods: The milk samples from cases of clinical mastitis received in Mastitis Laboratory, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana and those of subclinical mastitis collected during routine screening of state dairy farms, were subjected to microbial culture. Identification of CNS organisms was done by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity testing, based on 30 antibiotics belonging to 12 groups, was done on 58 randomly selected CNS isolates (clinical isolates: 41, subclinical isolates: 17). Results: Isolates were highly susceptible to chloramphenicol (98.3%), gentamicin (93.1%), streptomycin (91.4%), linezolid (91.4%), ceftixozime (87.9%), cloxacillin (86.2%), clotrimazole (86.2%), bacitracin (86.2%), enrofloxacin (84.5%) and ceftrioxone + tazobactum (70.7%), while resistance was observed against amoxicillin (77.6%), penicillin (75.9%), ampicillin (74.1%) and cefoperazone (51.7%). Overall, isolates from clinical cases of mastitis had a higher resistance than subclinical isolates. Conclusion: CNS isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and streptomycin, while higher resistance was recorded against routinely used penicillin group.
Clinical Significance of sIL-2R Levels in B-Cell Lymphomas

Elevated soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in sera is observed in patients with malignant lymphoma (ML). Therefore, sIL-2R is commonly used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for ML, but the mechanisms responsible for the increase in sIL-2R levels in patients with B-cell lymphomas have not yet been elucidated. We first hypothesized that lymphoma cells expressing IL-2R and some proteinases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the tumor microenvironment can give rise to increased sIL-2R in sera. However, flow cytometric studies revealed that few lymphoma cells expressed IL-2R α chain (CD25) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL), and most CD25-expressing cells in the tumor were T-cells. Distinct correlations between CD25 expression on B-lymphoma cells and sIL-2R levels were not observed. We then confirmed that MMP-9 plays an important role in producing sIL-2R in functional studies. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis also revealed that MMP-9 is mainly derived from tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We therefore evaluated the number of CD68 and CD163 positive macrophages in the tumor microenvironment using IHC analysis. A positive correlation between the levels of sIL-2R in sera and the numbers of CD68 positive macrophages in the tumor microenvironment was confirmed in FL and extranodal DLBCL. These results may be useful in understanding the pathophysiology of B-cell lymphomas.
Studies on a Cholesterol-Lowering Microcrystalline Phytosterol suspension in Oil

von Bonsdorff-Nikander, A.K. , 2005. Studies on a cholesterol-lowering microcrystalline phytosterol suspension in oil Dissertationes bioscientiarum molecularium Universitatis Helsingiensis in Viikki, 2/2005, 55 pp., ISBN 952-10-2289-2 (print) ISBN 952-10-2290-6 (pdf) ISSN 1239-9469 Some cholesterol-lowering drugs have lately caused severe side-effects in humans and the potential use of phytosterols as an optional method of lowering serum cholesterol has been given considerable attention. Although the positive effect of phytosterols has been known for decades, their unpleasant gritty texture and the poor solubility has prevented their widespread use. In the present study, an oral phytosterol suspension was prepared by adding water to a supersaturated sterol in oil solution. The addition of water decreased the solubility in oil and microsized sterol crystals were formed. By changing the amount of sterol and/or water it was possible to control the crystal form, habit and size distribution. In the presence of water phytosterol recrystallised as needle-shaped hemihydrate or monohydrate crystals. Without added water, anhydrous plate-like crystals were achieved. Higher sterol concentrations resulted, due to supersaturation, in the formation of small crystals. By optimised process parameters, i.e. cooling temperature and stirring, it was also possible to achieve the desired crystal size for a so-called creamy suspension. Hardly any changes in crystal habit, size distribution or form were observed during storage of these suspensions for four months. Incorporation of the suspension into cholesterol-lowering products includes heating and thus the knowledge of structural and mechanical changes of the suspension during heating is of importance. Dehydration of phytosterol crystals in an oil suspension was, similarly to plain crystals, a two-phased process. The suspension became less elastic and the crystals started to dissolve at relatively low temperatures. A clinical study performed earlier using a similar microcrystalline suspension revealed a significant reduction of serum cholesterol levels. A dynamic in vitro study was performed to understand the mechanism by which phytosterols can inhibit cholesterol absorption in the small intestine. In addition to phytosterol, the choice of lipid in the suspensions was observed to have a significant effect on the solubilisation of sterols into the mixed micelles. The in vitro studies, in which medium chain length (MCT) and long chain length (LCT) lipids were compared, showed that phytosterols formulated in MCT efficiently displaced cholesterol from mixed micelles. Solubilisation into intestinal mixed micelles is a prerequisite for sterols to reach the site of absorption and thus cholesterol absorption is decreased.
Onset Rivalry: Brief Presentation Isolates an Early Independent Phase of Perceptual Competition

When the left and right eyes are simultaneously presented with different images, observers typically report exclusive awareness of only one image. This phenomenon is termed binocular rivalry, reflecting the fact that the dominant image alternates every few seconds in a cycle of perceptual competition that continues indefinitely. Despite the apparent continuity in perceptual switching, we now demonstrate that the initial “onset” period is fundamentally different to all subsequent rivalry epochs. Using brief intermittent presentations, rivalry dominance shows strong biases such that the same target is perceived with each successive stimulus onset. These biases remain consistent within any given location, but vary across the visual field in a distribution that is stable over multiple weeks but highly idiosyncratic across observers. If the presentation exceeds ∼1sec at any location, however, the very different and much more balanced alternations of sustained binocular rivalry become apparent. These powerful onset biases are observed with brief intermittent presentations at a single location or with continual smooth motion of the targets. Periods of adaptation to one of the rivaling targets induced local switches in dominance to the non-adapted target. However, these effects were generally limited to the spatial site of adaptation and had less influence over each subsequent cycle of the target. We conclude that onset rivalry is independent of sustained rivalry and cannot be explained by local regions of monocular dominance or memory of past perceptual history, but rather reflects low-level, spatially localized factors that are stable over periods of weeks. These findings suggest that brief presentation paradigms are inappropriate for their current use in studies of the mechanisms underlying sustained rivalry. However, brief presentations are ideal for investigating early stages of perceptual competition.
Keyword extraction from a single document using word co-occurrence statistical information

We present a new keyword extraction algorithm that applies to a single document without using a corpus. Frequent terms are extracted first, then a set of cooccurrence between each term and the frequent terms, i.e., occurrences in the same sentences, is generated. Co-occurrence distribution shows importance of a term in the documentas follows. If probability distribution of co-occurrence between term a and the frequent terms is biased to a particular subset of frequent terms, then term a is likely to be a keyword. The degree of biases of distribution is measured by the χ 2 -measure. Our algorithm shows comparable performance to tfidf without using a corpus.
Peripheral total and differential leukocyte count in diabetic nephropathy: the relationship of plasma leptin to leukocytosis.

OBJECTIVE Because of increasing evidence that white blood cells (WBCs) play a role in the development and progression of diabetes complications, this study aimed to investigate the relation of circulating total and differential leukocyte counts to nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma leptin levels were also measured to investigate their role in peripheral leukocytosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS For this study, 1,480 subjects with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in a disease management program were stratified according to urinary microalbumin and serum creatinine measurements. The total and differential leukocyte profiles of peripheral blood were measured and plasma leptin was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic and potential metabolic confounding factors were analyzed with linear and logistic regression to calculate the effects of leukocyte count on diabetic nephropathy. RESULTS The peripheral total WBC, monocyte, and neutrophil counts increased in parallel with the advancement of diabetic nephropathy. In contrast, the lymphocyte count decreased. When WBC counts were analyzed per quartile and as continuous variables after adjusting for age, sex, and other known risk factors with multiple regression analysis, peripheral total WBC, monocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were independently and significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy. Plasma leptin levels increased in patients with nephropathy and correlated significantly with total WBC count (r = 0.194, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Because leukocytes are activated and secrete cytokines in the diabetic state and leptin stimulates leukocyte proliferation and differentiation, our results suggest that circulating leukocytes contribute to the development and progression of nephropathy, partially through the effects of leptin, in patients with type 2 diabetes.