Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Quality of Educational Hospital Services by the SERVQUAL Model: The Iranian Patients’ Perspective

Introduction The main mission of hospitals in any health system is to deliver high quality healthcare for patients and meet their needs and expectations. The aim of the current study was to assess the quality of the service of educational hospitals affiliated with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2015, from the perspective of patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the perspectives of 400 patients were assessed about the quality of the services provided by educational hospitals in Kermanshah (western Iran) in 2015. The quality was assessed by the SERVQUAL questionnaire with five dimensions, i.e., tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. In addition, the Wilcoxon test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to explore any association between the dependent variable and explanatory variables. The data were analyzed using Stata V.12 software. Results There were negative gaps in all five dimensions. The highest and lowest gaps in the mean score were found in the assurance (−0.88) and responsiveness (−0.56) dimensions. The patients ranked responsiveness as the most important dimension of the quality of healthcare. Conclusion There were gaps between the patients’ perceptions and their expectation about the five dimensions that were studied based on the SERVQUAL model. Also, it is recommended that improving the quality of healthcare is possible by various policies, such as good responsiveness, access to health workers, and delivering healthcare in less time.
GCIRS34W : an irregular variable in the Galactic Centre

We report the results of time-resolved photometric and spectroscopic near-infrared observations of the Ofpe/WN9 star and LBV candidate GCIRS34W in the Galactic Centre star cluster. Diffraction limited resolution photometric observations obtained in H - and K -bands show a strong, non-periodic variability on time scales from months to years in both bands, accompanied by variations of the stellar colour. Three K -band spectra obtained in 1996, 2003, and 2004 with integral field spectrometers are identical within their accuracies and exclude significant spectroscopic variability. The most probable explanation of the stellar photometric variability is obscuration by circumstellar material ejected by the star. The approximated position of GCIRS34W in an HR diagram is located between O supergiants and LBVs, suggesting that this star is a transitional object between these two phases of stellar evolution.
Auto-tagging of images in non-english languages using tag language conversion

Utilization of web images with social tags as training data has been a major trend for the development of automatic image tagging/classification systems. While the amount of information available on web sites such as Flickr is abundant, the majority of information obtained from such sites is in English, the dominant language on the web. This linguistic unbalance is expected to affect auto-tagging results in a negative way for non-English users, who demand image tags in their native languages. The objective of this research is to develop an image auto-tagging system which can generate tags in languages other than English. This paper examines the effect of linguistic unbalance in training data to construct auto-tagging systems, which aim to generate tags in minor languages. Furthermore, we propose methods which utilize an auto-tagging model generated on English training data, and convert the auto-tagging results to the target language. Subjective evaluations show that the proposed method is capable of generating auto-tagging results with better quality than conventional approaches.
A Recurrent Neural Network for Solving Bilevel Linear Programming Problem

In this brief, based on the method of penalty functions, a recurrent neural network (NN) modeled by means of a differential inclusion is proposed for solving the bilevel linear programming problem (BLPP). Compared with the existing NNs for BLPP, the model has the least number of state variables and simple structure. Using nonsmooth analysis, the theory of differential inclusions, and Lyapunov-like method, the equilibrium point sequence of the proposed NNs can approximately converge to an optimal solution of BLPP under certain conditions. Finally, the numerical simulations of a supply chain distribution model have shown excellent performance of the proposed recurrent NNs.
The influence of R&D cooperation on innovatory effort

Abstract Nowadays, in the development of new products, it becomes necessary to recognise the importance wielded by agents external to the firm as a source of innovation activities. The complexity and dynamism of present environments make it obligatory to complement the internal knowledge base with those from outside, and thus a distinction is made between internal and external innovation sources. Since the former have been adequately studied and analysed in the literature, the present work aims to make progress in knowing the latter. For this purpose, an analysis has been made of the influence of 9 types of cooperation with external agents on three indicators of innovatory effort in 20 industrial and service sectors in Spain. These indicators have been: the total intensity of innovation activities, the intramural R&D intensity and the extramural Rol) intensity. The findings indicate the existence of very diverse effects resulting from the chosen cooperation partner.
Spatial distribution of GC- and AT-rich DNA sequences within human chromosome territories.

Previous topological analyses of DNA sequence organization in the interphase chromosome mainly focused on the spatial distribution of individual gene copies within chromosome territories. In order to achieve a more comprehensive view into the subchromosomal arrangement of DNA, we isolated the GC-richest/gene-richest fraction (H3 isochores) as well as AT-richest/gene-poorest fraction of human genomic DNA (L1+L2 isochores) and visualized the respective DNA within individual chromosome territories by means of dual-color FISH. Application of confocal laser scanning microscopy and dedicated 3D image analysis software, which differentiated territory subvolumes by peeling shells one voxel in width, revealed a significant difference in the intraterritorial distribution of these two DNA sequence classes. While the H3 isochores were found localized in all subvolumes of the territories at similar frequency, simultaneously detected L1+L2 isochores were observed more to the interior of the same chromosome territories. Thus the GC-rich sequences display a much higher variability in their intraterritorial localization than AT-rich DNA fragments.
On the Size Distribution of Close-in Extrasolar Giant Planets

The precisions of extrasolar planet radius measurements are reaching the point at which meaningful and discriminatory comparisons with theoretical predictions can be made. However, care must be taken to account for selection effects in the transit surveys that detect the transiting planets for which radius measurements are possible. Here I identify one such selection effect, such that the number of planets with radius Rp detected in a signal-to-noise ratio limited transit survey is proportional to R, with α ~ 4-6. In the presence of a dispersion σ in the intrinsic distribution of planet radii, this selection effect translates to bias b in the radii of observed planets. Detected planets are, on average, larger by a fractional amount b ~ α(σ/⟨Rp⟩)2 relative to the mean radius ⟨Rp⟩ of the underlying distribution. I argue that the intrinsic dispersion in planetary radii is likely to be in the range σ = (0.05-0.12)RJ, where the lower bound is that expected theoretically solely from the variance in stellar insolation, and the upper bound is the 95% c.l. upper limit from the scatter in observed radii. Assuming an arbitrary but plausible value of σ/⟨Rp⟩ ~ 10%, and thus b ~ 6%, I infer a mean intrinsic radius of close-in massive extrasolar planets of ⟨Rp⟩ = (1.01 ± 0.03)RJ. This value reinforces the case for HD 209458b having an anomalously large radius, and may be inconsistent with coreless models of irradiated giant planets.
Target-side Word Segmentation Strategies for Neural Machine Translation

For efﬁciency considerations, state-of-the-art neural machine translation (NMT) requires the vocabulary to be restricted to a limited-size set of several thousand symbols. This is highly problematic when translating into inﬂected or compounding languages. A typical remedy is the use of subword units, where words are segmented into smaller components. Byte pair encoding, a purely corpus-based approach, has proved effective recently. In this paper, we investigate word segmentation strategies that incorporate more linguistic knowledge. We demonstrate that linguistically informed target word segmentation is better suited for NMT, leading to improved translation quality on the order of magnitude of +0 . 5 B LEU and − 0 . 9 T ER for a medium-scale English → German translation task. Our work is important in that it shows that linguistic knowledge can be used to improve NMT results over results based only on the language-agnostic byte pair encoding vocabulary reduction technique.
Admixture into and within sub-Saharan Africa

Understanding patterns of genetic diversity is a crucial component of medical research in Africa. Here we use haplotype-based population genetics inference to describe gene-flow and admixture in a collection of 48 African groups with a focus on the major populations of the sub-Sahara. Our analysis presents a framework for interpreting haplotype diversity within and between population groups and provides a demographic foundation for genetic epidemiology in Africa. We show that coastal African populations have experienced an influx of Eurasian haplotypes as a series of admixture events over the last 7,000 years, and that Niger-Congo speaking groups from East and Southern Africa share ancestry with Central West Africans as a result of recent population expansions associated with the adoption of new agricultural technologies. We demonstrate that most sub-Saharan populations share ancestry with groups from outside of their current geographic region as a result of large-scale population movements over the last 4,000 years. Our in-depth analysis of admixture provides an insight into haplotype sharing across different geographic groups and the recent movement of alleles into new climatic and pathogenic environments, both of which will aid the interpretation of genetic studies of disease in sub-Saharan Africa.
Optimal Simple Rules for Fiscal Policy in a Monetary Union

The paper discusses the stabilizing potential of fiscal policy in a dynamic general-equilibrium model of monetary union. We consider a small open economy inside the currency area. We analyze the demand and supply effects of direct taxation, indirect taxation and government spending and derive optimal simple rules for fiscal stabilization of a technology shock. Fiscal policy achieves substantial macroeconomic stabilization. Simple public-expenditure rules show the highest degree of both output and inflation stabilization. The implementation lag substantially weakens output stabilization, but hardly affects the stabilization of prices. Out-put-oriented rules imply less instrument inertia than inflation-dominated rules. The implemen-tation lag leads to higher coefficients for inflation relative to output in the optimal rule. Com-pared to the single-instrument approach the simultaneous optimization of two instrument rules implies only little additional stabilization gains.
Metacognitive group training for forensic and dangerous non-forensic patients with schizophrenia: a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

BACKGROUND In schizophrenia, the presence of certain cognitive biases has been established. Informed by this, metacognitive training (MCT) has been developed for schizophrenia. There is increasing evidence of its effectiveness with some patients, but its applicability to dangerous patients has not yet been demonstrated. AIMS Our aim was to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of MCT for patients in a high-security hospital setting. METHODS Twenty of 33 eligible and selected male in-patients with schizophrenia and a history of violence were randomised pairwise to eight sessions of MCT or treatment as usual. Symptom severity and reasoning, according to the jumping to conclusions paradigm, were measured before, immediately after treatment, and 3 and 6 months later. RESULTS Men in both groups completed the trial, and those in the MCT arm, almost all of the group sessions. The MCT arm had a significant advantage in improvement of 'suspiciousness', greatest at 3 months, but then declining. No significant improvement in reasoning ability was achieved. CONCLUSIONS Metacognitive training showed sufficient promise in this group for a full trial to be worthwhile, and the feasibility of an RCT methodology, even in a secure hospital, was established. The fact that the improvements faded during follow-up suggests that a useful modification to the treatment would be lengthening the protocol, repeating it, or both.
Circadian Rhythm and cDNA Cloning of the Clock Gene period in the Honeybee Apis cerana japonica

Abstract Isolated individual foragers of Apis cerana japonica could be entrained under a light-dark cycle, and the predominant activity was concentrated to the later part of the photophase. Foragers showed circadian rhythm under conditions of constant light and constant dark with free-running periods of more and less than 24 hr, respectively. These observations indicated that A. cerana possesses a circadian clock controlling locomotor activity. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the circadian system we cloned cDNA for a homolog of the clock gene period (per) from the honeybee by a PCR-strategy. The cloned percDNAs consisted of two types, α and β, encoding a putative protein of 1124 amino acids and 1116 amino acids, respectively. The sequences of types α and β were identical except that the former possessed an additional 24 bp stretch corresponding to 8 amino acids in the conserved C2 block. These two types were assumed to be differentially spliced variants and found also in per cDNA of A. mellifera. In support of this idea, Southern blotting experiments showed that per of A. cerana is a single copy gene. RT-PCR analysis and subcloning of the products revealed that the both types α and β are expressed in the brain of the forager. A quantitative RT-PCR assay by which the level of per mRNA in one single brain can be detected was established. Per mRNA level showed daily oscillation under a light-dark cycle with a change of the ratio of type α to β.
Training a Feed-forward Neural Network with Artificial Bee Colony Based Backpropagation Method

Back-propagation algorithm is one of the most widely used and popular techniques to optimize the feed forward neural network training. Nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithms also provide derivative-free solution to optimize complex problem. Artificial bee colony algorithm is a nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, mimicking the foraging or food source searching behaviour of bees in a bee colony and this algorithm is implemented in several applications for an improved optimized outcome. The proposed method in this paper includes an improved artificial bee colony algorithm based back-propagation neural network training method for fast and improved convergence rate of the hybrid neural network learning method. The result is analysed with the genetic algorithm based back-propagation method, and it is another hybridized procedure of its kind. Analysis is performed over standard data sets, reflecting the light of efficiency of proposed method in terms of convergence speed and rate.
Predictors of Intention To Continue Using Internet Banking Services: An Empirical Study of Current Users

The Internet presents the banking industry with an electronic and remote distribution channel. Wherease many studies examined the intention to use Internet banking, this study investigates predictors of intention among current users to continue using the services. Questionnaires were distributed to 210 residents in Klang Valley, Malaysia, of whom 204 (97.1%) responded to the survey. The findings demonstrated that, among the predictors tested, trust was found to be the strongest predictor of intention to continue using Internet banking, followed by compatibility and ease of use. Recommendations to Internet banking service providers and discussions for future study are provided.
Renal Effects of Atrial Natriuretic Factor During Control of the Renin‐Angiotensin System in Anesthetized Dogs

The contribution of the renin-angiotensin system to the natriuretic responses to intrarenal infusions of 1, 5, 25, and 125 pmol/kg/min synthetic rat atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126 was determined in one-kidney anesthetized dogs. In vehicle-treated dogs, atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126 increased fractional sodium excretion from 1.8 ± 0.6% to a peak response of 5.1 ± 0.9% during infusion of 25 pmol/kg/min. The peptide progressively decreased mean arterial pressure from 110 ±5 to 94 ±4 mm Hg, renal vascular resistance from 0.40 ± 0.02 to 0 JO ± 0.02 mm Hg/ml/min, and arterial plasma renin activity from 4.3 ±1.6 to 3.1 ±0.8 ng/ml/hr. When the renin-angiotensin system was blocked by 3 mg/kg i.v. enalaprilat, baseline pressure fell to 86 ±4 mm Hg, and subsequent infusions of atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126 did not affect fractional sodium excretion. The decreases in blood pressure (from 86 ± 4 to 76 ±4 mm Hg) and in renal vascular resistance (from 0.27 ±0.03 to 0.23 ±0.02 mm Hg/ml/min) were also ameliorated compared with the control responses. Intravenous infusion of 2.5 ng/kg/min angiotensin II restored mean arterial pressure and potentiated the natriuretic and renal vascular responses to atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126. In two additional groups of anesthetized dogs, enalaprilat did not produce the profound hypotension and did not affect the natriuretic responses to atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126. When renal vascular resistance was elevated by intrarenal infusion of angiotensin II in enalaprilat-treated dogs, the natriuretic response was improved. In comparison, increases in renal vascular resistance or mean arterial pressure by intrarenal or intravenous infusion of methoxamine did not change the natriuresis induced by atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126. In conclusion, blockade of the endogenous renin-angiotensin system did not affect the natriuretic response to atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126 when perfusion pressure was maintained. Nevertheless, both intravenous and intrarenal angiotensin II potentiated the renal response to atrial natriuretic peptide 101–126 by some unique mechanism.
Antimicrobial resistance: guidelines for the practicing orthopaedic surgeon.

Antimicrobial resistance among pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, enterococci, and aerobic gram-negative bacilli, is pervasive in the community and hospital setting. Every practicing orthopaedist faces on a daily basis the increasing problem of antimicrobial resistance in the effort to prevent or treat nosocomial infections. Recognizing the scope of the problem; understanding the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance as well as the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of infections due to resistant organisms; and knowing the proposed solutions to these problems will optimize the orthopaedic surgeon’s ability to manage multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens. In 1990, the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases stated that the estimated cost of nosocomial infections due to antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in the United States was as high as $4 billion annually and that antimicrobial resistance and emerging infections were the most important problems in the prevention and control of infectious diseases1,2. In 1995, in New York City alone, treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections cost $500 million and the infections were responsible for 1409 deaths1. In 1998, Burke stated in an editorial in the Journal of the American Medical Association : “The need for responsible antibiotic use stewardship to quell microbial resistance should have no disputants. Indeed, there have been so many clarion calls for action to halt the increasing resistance to antimicrobials that further emphasis seems redundant. ”3 Despite numerous attempts by individuals, groups, and national and international organizations to notify the medical community and the public of the seriousness of the problem, antimicrobial resistance continues to increase1,4-19. Since the advent of sulfonamides and penicillin in the 1930s and 1940s, specific antimicrobial resistance has been an issue. Penicillin-resistant staphylococci developed in the 1940s and 1950s. Methicillin resistance developed in the 1960s, and aminoglycoside resistance among Pseudomonas …
Randomized placebo‐controlled trial of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) as supportive care after induction chemotherapy in adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: a study of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council Adult Leukaemia Working Party

The role of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) as supportive therapy following intensive induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in adults was investigated in a randomized trial. G‐CSF (Lenograstim, 263 μg/d) or placebo was administered from day 8 after the end of chemotherapy until neutrophil recovery to 0·5 × 109/l (or for up to 10 d). Eight hundred and three patients were entered. Neutrophil recovery was quicker with G‐CSF (P < 0·0001), but this did not lead to differences in the number, severity or duration of infections. There were no substantial supportive care savings, although G‐CSF patients spent 2 d less in hospital (P = 0·01). Complete remission (CR) rates were similar between arms (73% G‐CSF, 75% placebo, P = 0·5), as were reasons for failure (induction death: P = 0·7; resistant disease: P = 0·5) and, for remitters, 5‐year disease‐free survival (34% vs. 38%, P = 0·3). Overall survival at 5 years was 29% with G‐CSF vs. 36% with placebo (P = 0·10). Both CR rate (P = 0·006) and overall survival (P = 0·006) were worse with G‐CSF in patients aged <40 years, but this may be a chance effect. There is some evidence from this trial of an adverse effect of G‐CSF but these data need to be viewed in the context of the evidence from the other trials.
A Split-Based Approach to Unsupervised Change Detection in Large-Size Multitemporal Images: Application to Tsunami-Damage Assessment

This paper presents a split-based approach (SBA) to automatic and unsupervised change detection in large-size multitemporal remote-sensing images. Unlike standard methods that are presented in the literature, the proposed approach can detect in a consistent and reliable way changes in images of large size also when the extension of the changed area is small (and, therefore, the prior probability of the class of changed pixels is very small). The method is based on the following: 1) a split of the large-size image into subimages; 2) an adaptive analysis of each subimage; and 3) an automatic split-based threshold-selection procedure. This general approach is used for defining a system for damage assessment in multitemporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The proposed system has been developed to properly identify different levels of damages that are induced by tsunamis along coastal areas. Experimental results that are obtained on multitemporal RADARSAT-1 SAR images of the Sumatra Island, Indonesia, confirm the effectiveness of both the proposed SBA and the presented system for tsunami-damage assessment