Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evolutionary Life History Model of Externalizing Personality: Bridging Human and Animal Personality Science to Connect Ultimate and Proximate Mechanisms Underlying Aggressive Dominance, Hostility, and Impulsive Sensation Seeking

The present work proposes an evolutionary model of externalizing personality that defines variation in this broad psychobiological phenotype resulting from genetic influences and a conditional adaptation to high-risk environments with high extrinsic morbidity-mortality. Due to shared selection pressure, externalizing personality is coadapted to fast life history strategies and maximizes inclusive fitness under adverse environmental conditions by governing the major trade-offs between reproductive versus somatic functions, current versus future reproduction, and mating versus parenting efforts. According to this model, externalizing personality is a regulatory device at the interface between the individual and its environment that is mediated by 2 overlapping psychobiological systems, that is, the attachment and the stress-response system. The attachment system coordinates interpersonal behavior and intimacy in close relationships and the stress-response system regulates the responsivity to environmental challenge and both physiological and behavioral reactions to stress. These proximate mechanisms allow for the integration of neuroendocrinological processes underlying interindividual differences in externalizing personality. Hereinafter I further discuss the model's major implications for personality psychology, psychiatry, and public health policy.
Do Political and Economic Choices Rely on Common Neural Substrates? A Systematic Review of the Emerging Neuropolitics Literature

The methods of cognitive neuroscience are beginning to be applied to the study of political behavior. The neural substrates of value-based decision-making have been extensively examined in economic contexts; this might provide a powerful starting point for understanding political decision-making. Here, we asked to what extent the neuropolitics literature to date has used conceptual frameworks and experimental designs that make contact with the reward-related approaches that have dominated decision neuroscience. We then asked whether the studies of political behavior that can be considered in this light implicate the brain regions that have been associated with subjective value related to “economic” reward. We performed a systematic literature review to identify papers addressing the neural substrates of political behavior and extracted the fMRI studies reporting behavioral measures of subjective value as defined in decision neuroscience studies of reward. A minority of neuropolitics studies met these criteria and relatively few brain activation foci from these studies overlapped with regions where activity has been related to subjective value. These findings show modest influence of reward-focused decision neuroscience on neuropolitics research to date. Whether the neural substrates of subjective value identified in economic choice paradigms generalize to political choice thus remains an open question. We argue that systematically addressing the commonalities and differences in these two classes of value-based choice will be important in developing a more comprehensive model of the brain basis of human decision-making.
’Nowhere else sells bliss like this’: Exploring the emotional labour of soldiers at war

Reading secondary data from military memoirs of recent conflicts through the prism of scholarship on emotional labour, this paper discusses feeling rules fostered by the total institution of military service. The military is a significant context for such analysis, given that it socializes its personnel into mastering the practices and skills of lethal violence for combat operations. It is, moreover, a total institution, and the disculturation new recruits must endure creates fertile ground for the inculcation of a specific emotional regime. Further, unlike most other service occupations, the military is both male‐dominated and highly masculine. The paper also makes a case for using memoirs in the study of emotional labour. Being examples of what we call identity writing, they offer different insights to those we might attain through other methods. Indeed, we argue that memoirs provide a fruitful source for future organization studies research into the emotional regime of the military especially. Third, our discussion expands the concept of emotional labour in that the emotional regime the memoirists index: is not undertaken for a specific group of customers; entails a distinctive range of emotions; and involves the conscious cultivation of gendered communities of coping among soldiers.
Minds and Machines Universal Turing Machine

In recent years, much research has been devoted to the emulation of online algorithms; on the other hand, few have simulated the deployment of virtual machines. After years o f confirmed research into kernels, we disconfirm the emulation of erasure coding, which embodies the essential principles of complexity theory. We explore a heterogeneous tool for exploring multicast heuristics (Unce), which we use to prov e that the famous lossless algorithm for the refinement of obje ctoriented languages by I. Takahashi [114], [188], [62], [70] , [179], [68], [95], [54], [152], [191], [59], [168], [148], [ 99], [148], [58], [129], [54], [128], [179] runs in O( logn) time.
Ja n 20 06 A numerical investigation on the validity of some recent proposals of inseparability criteria for continuous variable systems : the driven Jaynes-Cummings model

Adopting the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings model with an external quantum field, we obtain exact analytical expressions of the normally ordered moments for any kind of cavity and driving fields. Such analytical results are expressed in the integral form, with their integrands having a commom term that describes the product of the Glauber-Sudarshan quasiprobability distribution functions for each field, and a kernel responsible for the entanglement. Considering a specific initial state of the tripartite system, the normally ordered moments are then applied to investigate not only the squeezing effect and the nonlocal correlation measure based on the total variance of a pair of Einstein-PodolskyRosen type operators for continuous variable systems, but also the Shchukin-Vogel criterion. This kind of numerical investigation constitutes the first quantitative characterization of the entanglement properties for the driven Jaynes-Cummings model. PACS numbers: 03.65. -w, 03.65. Ud, 03.67. Mn Submitted to: J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. ‡ Correspondence address: Avenida General Osório 414 centro, 14.870-100 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil On the validity of some inseparability criteria in the driven JCM 2
Stream-based speaker segmentation using speaker factors and eigenvoices

This paper presents a stream-based approach for unsupervised multi-speaker conversational speech segmentation. The main idea of this work is to exploit prior knowledge about the speaker space to find a low dimensional vector of speaker factors that summarize the salient speaker characteristics. This new approach produces segmentation error rates that are better than the state of the art ones reported in our previous work on the segmentation task in the NIST 2000 Speaker Recognition Evaluation (SRE). We also show how the performance of a speaker recognition system in the core test of the 2006 NIST SRE is affected, comparing the results obtained using single speaker and automatically segmented test data.
Validation of Regional and Teleseismic Travel-Time Models by Relocating GT Events

Recently three-dimensional global seismic velocity models of crust and mantle have been developed and location improvements have been demonstrated with regional (CUB1 and CUB2 models) and teleseismic (J362 model) calibrations, respectively (Shapiro and Ritzwoller, 2002; Ritzwoller et al., 2002; Antolik et al., 2003). In this study, we validated event location improvements from these regional and teleseismic models, separated and combined, for Europe, the Mediterranean, North Africa, the Middle East, and Western Eurasia using a large set of high quality GT0-GT10 events (Bondár et al., 2003). To ensure effective comparisons between the models, we only used events that could be reasonably located, selected by secondary azimuthal gap less than 160o by Pn phase (epicentral distance less than 15o) and/or teleseismic P phase (epicentral distance between 25o and 97o). Besides relocating events using all station arrivals, a subset of the GT events was also relocated using controlled station geometries generated from “constrained bootstrapping”. The advantages of this approach include: (1) simulating sparse network (named Simulated Sparse Network Bulletin or SSNB), (2) increasing the statistical power of the testing, (3) reducing the effect of correlated errors to ensure valid 90% error ellipse coverage statistics, and (4) measuring location bias due to un-modeled 3D Earth structures. We compared the location results, with and without calibrations, on
1 Gene Expression Excess False Positive Rates in Methods for Differential Gene Expression Analysis using RNA-Seq Data

Motivation: An important property of a valid method for testing for differential expression is that the false positive rate should at least roughly correspond to the p-value cutoff, so that if 10,000 genes are tested at a p-value cutoff of 10−4, and if all the null hypotheses are true, then there should be only about 1 gene declared to be significantly differentially expressed. We tested this by resampling from existing RNA-Seq data sets and also by matched negative binomial simulations. Results: Methods we examined, which rely strongly on a negative binomial model, such as edgeR, DESeq, and DESeq2, show large numbers of false positives in both the resampled real-data case and in the simulated negative binomial case. This also occurs with a negative binomial generalized linear model function in R. Methods that use only the variance function, such as limma-voom, do not show excessive false positives, as is also the case with a variance stabilizing transformation followed by linear model analysis with limma. The excess false positives are likely caused by apparently small biases in estimation of negative binomial dispersion and, perhaps surprisingly, occur mostly when the mean and/or the dispersion is high, rather than for low-count genes. Contact: dmrocke@ucdavis.edu, lruan@ucdavis.edu, yilzhang@ucdavis.edu, gt4636b@gatech.edu, bpdurbin@ucdavis.edu, saviran@ucdavis.edu. Supplementary Information: The computational tools developed for this study are freely available via our website http://dmrocke.ucdavis.edu/software.html. They can be downloaded as R code or run directly through an interactive web-based shiny application to reproduce the analysis presented here per a user’s choice of dataset and the methods to be evaluated. *To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Elementary Teacher Perceptions of Math Professional Development on Mathematics Instruction

The purpose of this heuristic case study was to describe the professional development experiences of kindergarten to fifth grades teachers that participated on a mathematics action research team and represented five different elementary schools in a large suburban school district. The central question for this study was: How do teachers, who participate on a mathematics action research team, perceive their experiences with professional development? Data collection included personal narratives in the form of journal entries, individual teacher interviews, and a theoretical focus group interview. Teachers gained confidence and motivation as they witnessed their students develop confidence in themselves as mathematicians. Collaboration with other teachers was a critical element in the process of teachers transforming their instructional practices. Implications for leadership suggest that relevance of professional development is the foundation for supporting teachers in transforming their instructional practices.
Orbital and spin variability of the intermediate polar BG CMi

Results of a CCD study of the variability of the cataclysmic variable BG CMi obtained at the Korean 1.8 m telescope in 2002-2005 are presented. The multi-comparison star method had been applied for better accuracy estimates. The linear ephemeris based on 19 mean maxima for 2002-2005 is HJD 2453 105.31448(6)+ 0.01057257716(198)(E-764707). The period differs from that predicted by the quadratic ephemeris by Pych et al. (1996, AcA, 46, 279) leading to a possible cycle miscount. The statistically optimal ephemeris is a fourth-order polynomial, as a quadratic or even a cubic ephemeris leads to unaceptably large residuals: Min.HJD = 2445 (120.28095(28) +0.0105729609(57)E - 1.58(32) x 10 -13 E 2 - 5.81(64) x 10 -19 E 3 + 4.92(41) x 10 -25 E 4 . Thus the rate of the spin-up of the white dwarf is decreasing. An alternative explanation is that the spin-up has been stopped during recent years. The deviations between the amplitudes of the spin variability in V and R, as well as between phases are not statistically significant. However, the orbital light curves exhibit distinct difference; the corresponding color index shows a nearly sinusoidal shape with a maximum at orbital phase ∼0.2. The variations of the amplitude of spin waves shows a short maximum at the phase of the orbital dip. The corrected ephemeris for orbital minima is Min.HJD = 2448 368.7225(12) + 0.13474841(6) . (E - 24849) with a narrow dip occuring 0.07P later. The rate of the spin period variation seems to be changed, justifying the necessity of regular observations of intermediate polars.
Implementing norms in electronic institutions

Ideally, open multi-agent systems (MAS) involve heterogeneous and autonomous agents whose interactions ought to conform to some shared conventions. The challenge is how to express and enforce such conditions so that truly autonomous agents can adscribe to them. One way of addressing this issue is to look at MAS as environments regulated by some sort of normative framework. There have been significant contributions to the formal aspects of such normative frameworks, but there are few proposals that have made them operational. In this paper a possible step towards closing that gap is suggested. A normative language is introduced which is expressive enough to represent the familiar types of MAS-inspired normative frameworks; its implementation in JESS is also shown. This proposal is aimed at adding flexibility and generality to electronic institutions by extending their deontic components through richer types of norms that can still be enforced on-line.
Needs and Challenges of Seniors with Combined Hearing and Vision Loss

Introduction The purpose of this study was to identify the needs and challenges of seniors with dual sensory loss (combined hearing and vision loss) and to determine priorities for training family members, community service providers, and professionals who work with them. Methods Individuals (N = 131) with dual sensory loss between the ages of 55 and 99 years participated in a survey designed to collect information about their most important needs, challenges encountered associated with sensory losses, and the training requirements of the people who interact with them. Results were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and comparisons were made between persons with early and late onset of sensory loss. Results The most commonly identified needs were transportation, technology training, assistance with errands, and improved communication. Medical providers were identified as the service providers who most need training about dual sensory loss. A majority of respondents thought their local community members, friends, and family also need education. Some differences were noted based on age of onset of sensory losses. Discussion Needs differed by age of onset group: needs of participants with early onset of one or both sensory losses focused on transportation and training to use technology, while needs for those with later onset focused on information about devices to improve hearing or vision and better ability to communicate with family. Implications for practitioners Training to use technology is an important area of need that may not always be addressed for this population by service providers, but it may contribute to overall improved quality of life, since it has the potential to improve communication options and reduce feelings of isolation. Health care providers are an important group to target for education regarding how to interact with people with dual sensory loss.
Stochastic radio channel model for advanced indoor mobile communication systems

A stochastic radio channel model (SRCM) for broadband indoor mobile systems operating at 5.2 and 17 GHz has been derived within the ACTS project AC085 Magic WAND. The SRCM accurately describes the dispersive nature of real radio channels in time, frequency, direction, and polarization. These effects are important for the design and performance evaluation of advanced receiver structures that exploit the inherent channel diversity, e.g., by means of adaptive antennas. The wideband SRCM takes into account all relevant propagation effects observed in real indoor environments. For example, it includes large-scale fluctuations such as transitions where waves are emerging and vanishing as well as the delay drift of the waves. In the paper, the modeling approach adopted for the SRCM is described and illustrated by simulation results.
The Rokeach Value Survey and Perceived Christian Values

This study was designed to extend the empirical investigation of Christian values. The Rokeach Value Survey with modified instructions was used to measure what subjects viewed to be Christian ideals. The results indicated high degree of agreement in the perception of what Christians should strive for (terminal values) and how they should live (instrumental values). No significant difference was found between intrinsics and extrinsics in the perception of Christian ideals. Comparisons were made between the value rankings of the present sample and those of religious individuals in earlier studies.
Database principles in information extraction

Information Extraction commonly refers to the task of populating a relational schema, having predefined underlying semantics, from textual content. This task is pervasive in contemporary computational challenges associated with Big Data. This tutorial gives an overview of the algorithmic concepts and techniques used for performing Information Extraction tasks, and describes some of the declarative frameworks that provide abstractions and infrastructure for programming extractors. In addition, the tutorial highlights opportunities for research impact through principles of data management, illustrates these opportunities through recent work, and proposes directions for future research.
Developmental patterns of relationships between inhibitory control and reading skill in early-school children

Inhibitory control is one of the most important components of executive functions, which allows to suppress or regulate prepotent attentional or behavioral responses. It was proved to be a crucial factor for school achievement, including math abilities and reading acquisition. In the present cross-sectional study Ober’s assumptions about the developmental patterns of relationships between inhibitory control and reading skill were examined. The sample consisted of 256 grade 1-3 primary school children. Decoding and comprehension, the two subcomponents of reading skill, were assessed using Prolexia Test, while cognitive inhibitory control was measured with the Color Word Stroop Task. Simple correlation analyses showed that comprehension ability was related to inhibitory control but only among boys from 1st and 2nd grades (but not among 3rd graders), and no relations between reading subcomponents and inhibitory control were found among girls. However, hierarchical regression analyses controlling for other reading subcomponent did not yield a significant effect of interaction. Instead, it was found that inhibitory control was related to reading only in the 1st graders. Also, some gender differences between 1st and 2nd graders in their reading ability were observed. Those findings suggest that although gender plays a significant role in reading skill development of early school children, it does not moderate the developmental links between inhibitory control and reading skill.
GPS radio occultation measurements of the ionosphere from CHAMP: Early results

The paper deals with initial analyzes of radio occultation measurements of the ionosphere carried out on board the CHAMP satellite since 11 April 2001. The accuracy of the operationally retrieved electron density profiles has been estimated by comparing with independent measurements. The derived ionospheric key parameters such as f0F2 and hmF2 agree with a standard deviation of 18 and 13%, respectively. It is shown that the CHAMP data products can essentially contribute to the establishment of operational data sets of the global electron density distribution for developing and improving global ionospheric models and to provide operational space weather information.
Perceptual Processing is Not Spared During the Attentional Blink

Identification of the second of two targets is impaired when these appear within 500 ms of each other. This phenomenon, known as the attentional blink (AB) is thought to reflect disrupted post-perceptual processing. Yet, decisive empirical support for this claim is lacking. We measured the depth of the AB, while manipulating the second target’s reporting feature. We reasoned that if perceptual processing is unaffected by the blink, all the features of the blinked target should have equal access to working memory. In contrast with this prediction, we found identity and semantic-category reports to be more severely impaired by the blink than color reports, although baseline performance was similar in the two report conditions. These findings suggest that high-level features are more poorly represented in working memory than low-level features during the blink. We conclude that the attentional blink disrupts perceptual processing. Implications for contemporary models of the attentional blink are discussed.
User-centered design of a dynamic-autonomy remote interaction concept for manipulation-capable robots to assist elderly people in the home

In this article, we describe the development of a human-robot interaction concept for service robots to assist elderly people in the home with physical tasks. Our approach is based on the insight that robots are not yet able to handle all tasks autonomously with sufficient reliability in the complex and heterogeneous environments of private homes. We therefore employ remote human operators to assist on tasks a robot cannot handle completely autonomously. Our development methodology was user-centric and iterative, with six user studies carried out at various stages involving a total of 241 participants. The concept is under implementation on the Care-O-bot 3 robotic platform. The main contributions of this article are (1) the results of a survey in form of a ranking of the demands of elderly people and informal caregivers for a range of 25 robot services, (2) the results of an ethnography investigating the suitability of emergency teleassistance and telemedical centers for incorporating robotic teleassistance, and (3) a user-validated human-robot interaction concept with three user roles and corresponding three user interfaces designed as a solution to the problem of engineering reliable service robots for home environments.