Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward Authenticity

Scholars suggest we construct stories or narratives to help us create order and rationalize events that are difficult to explain. In contemporary society, journalists serve as mediated storytellers, and one story journalists have told from the perspective of sense-making is that of mothers who kill their children, a crime that can defy understanding. This qualitative textual analysis examines ten cases of maternal infanticide to determine the collective narrative told by journalists, exploring the dialectical and rhetorical functions of narrative. The analysis reveals that the news narrative offers moral lessons about the consequences of maternal incompetence and “inappropriate” feminine sexual behavior. The author questions whether the journalistic paradigm of detachment—traditionally associated with a masculine narrative style—is the best way to tell stories of women's lives and suggests feminist research practices can be used to capture the complexities of mothering work, as well as other complicated situations in women's and men's lives.
Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of combined dipyridamole-exercise thallium imaging in hemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND Non-invasive detection of coronary artery disease in dialysis patients, a major cause of mortality, often remains difficult. The aim of the study was to test the diagnostic and prognostic accuracies of combined dipyridamole-exercise thallium imaging in dialysis patients. METHODS Dipyridamole-exercise thallium imaging and coronary angiography were both performed prospectively in 60 asymptomatic hemodialysis patients who were followed up, long term, by recording any major coronary event. RESULTS Coronary angiography was abnormal in 13 patients (21%), and there was abnormal thallium uptake in 17 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of thallium to detect a coronary artery disease were 92, 89, 71, 98 and 90%, respectively. After a median follow-up of 2.8 years, 12 patients experienced at least one major coronary event (4 cardiac deaths, 5 myocardial infarctions and 3 revascularizations). Eight of the 17 patients with abnormal thallium uptake (47%) suffered a coronary event, compared to only 4 of the 43 patients (9%) with a normal thallium uptake (P < 0.001). The positive prognostic predictive value of thallium imaging was 47% and its negative predictive value was 91%. The probability of survival free of coronary events was significantly higher in patients with normal thallium uptake than in those with abnormal thallium uptake (crude risk ratio 7.6; P < 0.001) even after adjustment for several risk factors for cardiovascular disease (adjusted risk ratio 9.2; P < 0.005). CONCLUSION In dialysis patients, combined dipyridamole-exercise thallium imaging is an accurate method for detecting coronary stenosis and for predicting future coronary events.
Supervisor Use of Video as a Tool in Teacher Reflection.

Supervisors play a critical role in fostering teacher candidates’ reflective thinking on their practice, yet too often it is the supervisor, rather than the teacher, doing most of the observation work. Video-­‐based supervision offers a promising alternative, as teachers have an opportunity to examine their own lesson and thus engage with the supervisor in a more collaborative conference. In this paper, we explore the ways supervisors approach video in their conferencing with teachers as a vehicle for teacher reflective practice at one TESOL master’s program in the USA. We examine what supervisors find salient in video observations, how they approach teachers when reviewing a lesson using video as a means to ground observation in evidence, and the struggles they encounter when trying to foster teacher reflection. We conclude with suggestions for implementing video-­‐based supervision. Keywords: TESOL, Video, teacher reflection, supervision, professional development
Cortical and thalamic afferent connections of the insular and adjacent cortex of the rat

Thalamic and cortical afferents to the insular and perirhinal cortex of the rat were investigated, Unilateral injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were made iontophoretically along the rhinal sulcus. HRP injections covered or invaded areas along the rhinal fissure from about the level of the middle cerebral artery to the posterior end of the fissure. The most anterior injection labeled a few cells in the mediodorsal nucleus. More posterior injections labeled neurons in the basal portion of the nucleus ventralis medialis, thus suggesting that this cortical region constitutes the rat's gustatory (insular) cortex. We consider the cortex situated posterior to the gustatory cortex in and above the rhinal sulcus as the core region of the rat's (associative) insular cortex, as this cortex receives afferents from the regions of and between the nuclei suprageniculatus and geniculatus medialis, pars magnocellularis. It includes parts of the cortex termed perirhinal in other studies. The cortex dorsal and posterior to the insular cortex we consider auditory cortex, as it receives afferents from the principal part of the medial geniculate nucleus, and the cortex ventral to the insular cortex (below the fundus of the rhinal sulcus) we consider to constitute the pre‐piriform cortex, which is athalamic. The posterior part of the perirhinal cortex (area 35) receives afferents from nonspecific thalamic nuclei (midline nuclei).
Effects of social organization, age and aggressive behaviour on allosuckling in wild fallow deer

I investigated the occurrence, frequency and distribution of allosuckling in a wild population of fallow deer, Dama dama, throughout the lactation period during 1992 in southern Sweden. A total of 292 suckling bouts were observed in four groups; in 43% of these, fawns were seen sucking from a female that was not the mother. Allosuckling occurred in a higher percentage of suckling bouts as the lactation period progressed and all 16 fawns participated to various degrees. Of the 16 females, 13 suckled nonoffspring fawns but their behaviour towards these fawns varied greatly. Allosuckling was positively correlated with the age of the females and negatively correlated with the rate of their aggressive behaviour. Since allosuckling was not performed between groups but was common between related members in a stable social unit and was expressed reciprocally between the oldest individuals in the group, allosuckling could be a result of kin selection and/or reciprocal altruism. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
On Leverage in a Stochastic Volatility Model

This paper is concerned with specification for modelling financial leverage effect in the context of stochastic volatility (SV) models. Two alternative specifications co-exist in the literature. One is the Euler approximation to the well known continuous time SV model with leverage effect and the other is the discrete time SV model of Jacquier, Polson and Rossi (2004, Journal of Econometrics, forthcoming). Using a Gaussian nonlinear state space form with uncorrelated measurement and transition errors, I show that it is easy to interpret the leverage effect in the conventional model whereas it is not clear how to obtain the leverage effect in the model of Jacquier et al. Empirical comparisons of these two models via Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods reveal that the specification of Jacquier et al is inferior. Simulation experiments are conducted to study the sampling properties of the Bayes MCMC for the conventional model
Mouvements sociaux et action politique. Existe-t-il une théorie de la mobilisation des ressources ?

Didier Lapeyronnie : Soziale Bewegungen und politisches Handeln. Gibt es eine Theorie zur Mobilisierung der Mittel ? ; ; Die Perspektive der Mobilisierung der Mittel muss als vollstandiger Versuch zur Erarbeitung einer Theorie betrachtet werden. Im Rahmen eines allgemeinen Konzepts der partizipatorischen Demokratie ist diese Perspektive ein Versuch, das politische Handeln und die sozialen Bewegungen zu analysieren ohne Referenz auf das Sozialsystem als eine Einheit integrierter Werte. Die sozialen Bewegungen werden als strategische Aktivitaten definiert, mit dem Ziel, Eingang in das politische System zu finden, und andererseits als instrumentale Aktivitaten zur Mobilisierung sozialer Gruppen oder Individuen. Die zu ausschliesstiche Verbindung, die zwischen den Beteiligungsebenen und den sozialen Bewegungen hergestellt wurde, konnte jedoch nicht zur Erarbeitung einer einheitlichen theoretischen Perspektive fiihren, da diese die rational istische und instrumentale Voraussetzung nicht mit der Analyse der Mobilisierungs- und Verpflichtungsprozesse vereinbaren konnte.
Arabidopsis DRB4, AGO1, AGO7, and RDR6 participate in a DCL4-initiated antiviral RNA silencing pathway negatively regulated by DCL1

Plant RNA silencing machinery enlists four primary classes of proteins to achieve sequence-specific regulation of gene expression and mount an antiviral defense. These include Dicer-like ribonucleases (DCLs), Argonaute proteins (AGOs), dsRNA-binding proteins (DRBs), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs). Although at least four distinct endogenous RNA silencing pathways have been thoroughly characterized, a detailed understanding of the antiviral RNA silencing pathway is just emerging. In this report, we have examined the role of four DCLs, two AGOs, one DRB, and one RDR in controlling viral RNA accumulation in infected Arabidopsis plants by using a mutant virus lacking its silencing suppressor. Our results show that all four DCLs contribute to antiviral RNA silencing. We confirm previous reports implicating both DCL4 and DCL2 in this process and establish a minor role for DCL3. Surprisingly, we found that DCL1 represses antiviral RNA silencing through negatively regulating the expression of DCL4 and DCL3. We also implicate DRB4 in antiviral RNA silencing. Finally, we show that both AGO1 and AGO7 function to ensure efficient clearance of viral RNAs and establish that AGO1 is capable of targeting viral RNAs with more compact structures, whereas AGO7 and RDR6 favor less structured RNA targets. Our results resolve several key steps in the antiviral RNA silencing pathway and provide a basis for further in-depth analysis.
Revisiting Cardiac Cellular Composition.

RATIONALE Accurate knowledge of the cellular composition of the heart is essential to fully understand the changes that occur during pathogenesis and to devise strategies for tissue engineering and regeneration. OBJECTIVE To examine the relative frequency of cardiac endothelial cells, hematopoietic-derived cells, and fibroblasts in the mouse and human heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a combination of genetic tools and cellular markers, we examined the occurrence of the most prominent cell types in the adult mouse heart. Immunohistochemistry revealed that endothelial cells constitute >60%, hematopoietic-derived cells 5% to 10%, and fibroblasts <20% of the nonmyocytes in the heart. A refined cell isolation protocol and an improved flow cytometry approach provided an independent means of determining the relative abundance of nonmyocytes. High-dimensional analysis and unsupervised clustering of cell populations confirmed that endothelial cells are the most abundant cell population. Interestingly, fibroblast numbers are smaller than previously estimated, and 2 commonly assigned fibroblast markers, Sca-1 and CD90, under-represent fibroblast numbers. We also describe an alternative fibroblast surface marker that more accurately identifies the resident cardiac fibroblast population. CONCLUSIONS This new perspective on the abundance of different cell types in the heart demonstrates that fibroblasts comprise a relatively minor population. By contrast, endothelial cells constitute the majority of noncardiomyocytes and are likely to play a greater role in physiological function and response to injury than previously appreciated.
Norms, Preferences, Identities and Retention Decisions

Social psychologists have differed concerning the modes of thought that presumably generate decisions, and independent traditions of research have appeared concerning the effects of three separate thought modes: norms, preferences and self-referent identity labels. In prior research the authors have shown that these modes have independent effects on decisions and that the relative strengths of modal effects vary depending on the context studied. The study now being reported applies this model to retention decisions by undergraduates at a major university. Findings confirm that each thought mode has effects on retention intentions and reenrollment behaviors, that norms have stronger effects for these decisions, and that the effects generated are substantial and independent of those associated with students' backgrounds, achievements, social influences, campus experiences and grades earned. In addition, findings confirm that the decisions to transfer to another campus or to drop out of higher education are predicted differentially by students' thoughts concerning three distinct retention issues.
Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by a profound and selective loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Clinical manifestations of this complex disease include motor impairments involving resting tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability, gait difficulty and rigidity. Current medications only provide symptomatic relief and fail to halt the death of dopaminergic neurons. A major hurdle in development of neuroprotective therapies are due to limited understanding of disease processes leading to death of dopaminergic neurons. While the etiology of dopaminergic neuronal demise is elusive, a combination of genetic susceptibilities and environmental factors seems to play a critical role. The majority of PD cases are sporadic however, the discovery of genes linked to rare familial forms of disease (encodinga-synuclein, parkin, DJ-1, PINK-1 and LRRK2) and studies from experimental animal models has provided crucial insights into molecular mechanisms in disease pathogenesis and identified probable targets for therapeutic intervention. Recent findings implicate mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, abnormal protein accumulation and protein phosphorylation as key molecular mechanisms compromising dopamine neuronal function and survival as the underlying cause of pathogenesis in both sporadic and familial PD. In this review we provide an overview of the most relevant findings made by the PD research community in the last year and discuss how these significant findings improved our understanding of events leading to nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration, and identification of potential cell survival pathways that could serve as targets for neuroprotective therapies in preventing this disabling neurological illness.
Invalid presentation of bilateral synchronous presentation of spermatocytic seminoma

Reaction to Yadav S et al: Invalid presentation of bilateral synchronous presentation of spermatocytic seminoma Kanika Sharma, Piyush Kalakoti, Kush Ohri, Suman Sahu, Sreenivas Veeranki Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, MH 413736, India,Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital, Ghaziabad, UP 201012, India, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United State of America Corresponding author: Piyush Kalakoti, Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital, Ghaziabad, UP 201012, India
The Bcl-2 inhibitor Obatoclax overcomes resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors SAHA and LBH589 as radiosensitizers in patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cells

Glioblastoma has shown resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as radiosensitizers in cultures with Bcl-XL over-expression. We study the efficacy of SAHA/RTx and LBH589/RTx when manipulating Bcl-2 family proteins using the Bcl-2 inhibitor Obatoclax in patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) cultures. GSC cultures in general have a deletion in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Synergy was determined by the Chou Talalay method. The effects on apoptosis and autophagy were studied by measuring caspase-3/7, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1 and LC3BI/II proteins. The relation between treatment response and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, recurrence and gene expression levels of the tumors were studied. Obatoclax synergized with SAHA and LBH589 and sensitized cells to HDACi/RTx. Over 50% of GSC cultures were responsive to Obatoclax with either single agent. Combined with HDACi/RTx treatment, Obatoclax increased caspase-3/7 and inhibited Bcl-2 family proteins Bcl-XL and Mcl-1 more effectively than other treatments. Genes predictive for treatment response were identified, including the F-box/WD repeat-containing protein-7, which was previously related to Bcl-2 inhibition and HDACi sensitivity. We emphasize the functional relation between Bcl-2 proteins and radiosensitization by HDACi and provide a target for increasing responsiveness in glioblastoma by using the Bcl-2 inhibitor Obatoclax.
ARA290, a Peptide Derived from the Tertiary Structure of Erythropoietin, Produces Long-term Relief of Neuropathic Pain: An Experimental Study in Rats and &bgr;-Common Receptor Knockout Mice

Background: Exogenous erythropoietin inhibits development of allodynia in experimental painful neuropathy because of its antiinflammatory and neuroprotective properties at spinal, supraspinal, and possibly peripheral sites. The authors assess the effect of a nonhematopoietic erythropoietin analog, ARA290, on tactile and cold allodynia in a model of neuropathic pain (spared nerve injury) in rats and mice lacking the &bgr;-common receptor (&bgr;cR−/− mice), a component of the receptor complex mediating tissue protection. Methods: Twenty-four hours after peripheral nerve injury, rats and mice were injected with ARA290 or vehicle (five 30-&mgr;g/kg intraperitoneal injections at 2-day intervals, followed by once/week, n = 8/group). In a separate group of eight rats, ARA290 treatment was restricted to five doses during the initial 2 weeks after surgery. Results: In rats, irrespective of treatment paradigm, ARA290 produced effective, long-term (as long as 15 weeks) relief of tactile and cold allodynia (P < 0.001 vs. vehicle-treated animals). ARA290 was effective in wild-type mice, producing significant relief of allodynia. In contrast, in &bgr;cR−/− mice no effect of ARA290 was observed. Conclusions: ARA290 produces long-term relief of allodynia because of activation of the &bgr;-common receptor. It is argued that relief of neuropathic pain attributable to ARA290 treatment is related to its antiinflammatory properties, possibly within the central nervous system. Because ARA290, in contrast to erythropoietin, is devoid of hematopoietic and cardiovascular side effects, ARA290 is a promising new drug in the prevention of peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in humans.
Distributed under Creative Commons Cc-by 4.0 Seven New Microendemic Species of Brachycephalus (anura: Brachycephalidae) from Southern Brazil

Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) is a remarkable genus of miniaturized frogs of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Many of its species are highly endemic to cloud forests, being found only on one or a few mountaintops. Such level of microendemism might be caused by their climatic tolerance to a narrow set of environmental conditions found only in montane regions. This restriction severely limits the chance of discovery of new species, given the difficulty of exploring these inaccessible habitats. Following extensive fieldwork in montane areas of the southern portion of the Atlantic Rainforest, in this study we describe seven new species of Brachycephalus from the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. These species can be distinguished from one another based on coloration and the level of rugosity of the skin in different parts of their body. These discoveries increase considerably the number of described species of Brachycephalus in southern Brazil.
FACTS AND HYPOTHESES OF AN OLIGOCENE TO MIOCENE PALEOGEOGRAPHY ( SHORT OVERVIEW )

Paleogeographical considerations on the development of the Paratethys and the Mediterranean during Oligocene and Miocene are presented in twelve time-slices. Plate tectonic activities and the collision of India with Asia caused the destruction of the Western Tethys Ocean in the Late Eocene. The Mediterranean and the intracontinental Paratethys basins came into existence as new marine realms. In the Mediterranean Basin open oceanic connections existed throughout the Oligocene and most of the Miocene. The Eastern Paratethys and the Central to Western Paratethys showed different marine conditions and changing connections most of the time. A first period with reduced salinity, anoxic bottom conditions, and strong endemisms occurred throughout the Paratethys in a short period of the Lower Oligocene (Solenovian, NP 23). It was followed by more open marine conditions with wide-spread clastic sedimentation (Upper Kiscellian, Kalmykian, NP 24). By the collision of Africa and Arabia with Eurasia, the seaway between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean was closed in Burdigalian time, but a new landbridge enabled a distinct mammal migration between the continents (Gomphotherium Landbridge). During the Middle Miocene marine seaways between the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean, and the Paratethys opened and closed intermittently. Finally, the marine connections of the Paratethys were strongly reduced, and gave way to the endemic faunal development during the later Miocene (Sarmatian to Pontian).
Measurement of the quality of care of patients admitted with decompensated cirrhosis

Process‐based quality measures are increasingly used to evaluate hospital performance. However, practices vary, and patients with cirrhosis are a challenge to manage, given their risks of mortality, morbidity, and resources utilization. In 2010, process‐based quality measures were developed to improve the care of these patients. We examined adherence with these quality measures for a cohort of patients admitted with decompensated cirrhosis in 2009.
Matching Contributions and the Voluntary Provision of a Pure Public Good: Experimental Evidence

Laboratory experiments are used to study the voluntary provision of a pure public good in the presence of an anonymous external donor. The external funds are used in two different settings, lump-sum matching and one-to-one matching, to examine how allocations to the public good are affected. The experimental results reveal that allocations to the public good under lumpsum matching are significantly higher, and have significantly lower within-group dispersion, relative to one-to-one matching and a baseline setting without external matching funds.