Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A The Quantcast File System

The Quantcast File System (QFS) is an efficient alternative to the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). QFS is written in C++, is plugin compatible with Hadoop MapReduce, and offers several efficiency improvements relative to HDFS: 50% disk space savings through erasure coding instead of replication, a resulting doubling of write throughput, a faster name node, support for faster sorting and logging through a concurrent append feature, a native command line client much faster than hadoop fs, and global feedback-directed I/O device management. As QFS works out of the box with Hadoop, migrating data from HDFS to QFS involves simply executing hadoop distcp. QFS is being developed fully open source and is available under an Apache license from https://github.com/quantcast/qfs. Multi-petabyte QFS instances have been in heavy production use since 2011.
Feedback directed implicit parallelism

In this paper we present an automated way of using spare CPU resources within a shared memory multi-processor or multi-core machine. Our approach is (i) to profile the execution of a program, (ii) from this to identify pieces of work which are promising sources of parallelism, (iii) recompile the program with this work being performed speculatively via a work-stealing system and then (iv) to detect at run-time any attempt to perform operations that would reveal the presence of speculation. We assess the practicality of the approach through an implementation based on GHC 6.6 along with a limit study based on the execution profiles we gathered. We support the full Concurrent Haskell language compiled with traditional optimizations and including I/O operations and synchronization as well as pure computation. We use 20 of the larger programs from the 'nofib' benchmark suite. The limit study shows that programs vary a lot in the parallelism we can identify: some have none, 16 have a potential 2x speed-up, 4 have 32x. In practice, on a 4-core processor, we get 10-80% speed-ups on 7 programs. This is mainly achieved at the addition of a second core rather than beyond this. This approach is therefore not a replacement for manual parallelization, but rather a way of squeezing extra performance out of the threads of an already-parallel program or out of a program that has not yet been parallelized.
Trichomonas Tenax in Human Oral Cavity Trichomonas tenax

Fifty-one patients were investigated in order to determine the presence o f Trichomonas tenax in various oral structures (saliva, dental plaque from physiologically clean and unclean tooth areas, carious dentin, root canal contents). Samples were cultivated in liquid Diamond’s axenic broth medium. The results were considered positive if living oral Trichomonas was found in smears. The prevalence of Trichomonas tenax in the study patients was 35.5%. Trichomonas tenax was most frequently found in dental plaque (23.2%) and in the root canal content (30.0%) (p > 0.05). The variables observed in this study (patient’s age and sex, oral hygiene, gingivitis, number o f carious teeth, smoking and coffee intake) did not influence the presence of Trichomonas tenax. According to the results obtained, a mature dental plaque appears to be the oral structure favoring the growth and survival o f oral Trichomonas in the physiologic conditions. It is possible that Trichomonas tenax spreads from dental plaque into the diseased endodontium.
A BAP1 Mutation in a Danish Family Predisposes to Uveal Melanoma and Other Cancers

Truncating germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA-1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) have been reported in families predisposed to developing a wide range of different cancer types including uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma. There has also been an association between amelanotic tumor development and germline BAP1 mutation suggesting a possible phenotypic characteristic of BAP1 mutation carriers. Though there have been many types of cancer associated with germline BAP1 mutation, the full spectrum of disease association is yet to be ascertained. Here we describe a Danish family with predominantly uveal melanoma but also a range of other tumor types including lung, neuroendocrine, stomach, and breast cancer; as well as pigmented skin lesions. Whole-exome sequencing identified a BAP1 splice mutation located at c.581-2A>G, which leads to a premature truncation of BAP1 in an individual with uveal melanoma. This mutation was carried by several other family members with melanoma or various cancers. The finding expands on the growing profile of BAP1 as an important uveal and cutaneous melanoma tumor suppressor gene and implicates its involvement in the development of lung, and stomach cancer.
Parental Involvement in Math Homework: Links to Children’s Performance and Motivation

ABSTRACT The present study examined the longitudinal associations between children’s perceptions of parental involvement in math homework (control and support) and their math performance and motivation (task-persistent homework behavior and math self-concept). Children (n = 512) reported their perceptions concerning parental involvement in sixth-grade math homework. In grades 3 and 6, children completed math tests, evaluated own math self-concept, and their mothers (n = 420) evaluated task persistence during homework. The results showed that low self-concept in math predicted increased parental control, which in turn related to low math performance, task persistence, and math self-concept. Second, perceived parental support was related to increased task persistence during homework. Finally, parental control was especially detrimental for boys’ task persistence and math self-concept.
Accuracy of the national institute for neurological disorders and stroke/society for progressive supranuclear palsy and neuroprotection and natural history in Parkinson plus syndromes criteria for the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy

Autopsy is the diagnostic gold standard for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Society for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (NINDS‐SPSP) criteria for the clinical diagnosis of “probable” PSP are thought to possess high specificity and low sensitivity. The NINDS‐SPSP criteria for “possible” PSP are considered to increase sensitivity at the expense of specificity. The Neuroprotection and Natural History in Parkinson Plus Syndromes (NNIPPS) criteria are intended to improve sensitivity while maintaining high specificity. The aim of this study was to conduct a clinicopathological evaluation of the NINDS‐SPSP and NNIPPS criteria in tertiary neurological centers. Defined clinical features and their year of onset were recorded by chart review in neuropathologically diagnosed patients with PSP, Parkinsons's disease (PD), MSA parkinsonism and corticobasal degeneration from four European brain banks. Fulfilment of the clinical diagnostic criteria was verified for each year after disease onset and for the final antemortem record. We analyzed 98 PSP patients and 46 disease controls. The NINDS‐SPSP “probable” criteria yielded shorter time to diagnosis, slightly higher specificity and positive predictive value (PPV), and similar sensitivity, compared with the NNIPPS criteria. Unexpectedly, the NINDS‐SPSP “possible” criteria yielded the lowest sensitivity, specificity, and PPV. A combination of NINDS‐SPSP possible and probable criteria yielded the highest sensitivity. We suggest that the NINDS‐SPSP probable criteria might be preferred for recruitment of patients for clinical trials, where an early and specific diagnosis is important. For routine clinical care, where high sensitivity is crucial, a combination of NINDS possible and probable criteria might be preferred. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
Entrepreneurial Founder Effects in the Growth of Regional Clusters: How Early Success is a Key Determinant

How can the growth of regional clusters be explained? This paper studies in great detail the growth of the wireless communication cluster in Northern Denmark. Unlike the dominant theories, we argue that initial success of the first firms are the main driving force behind the generation of new firms that eventually lead to the formation of clusters. The success of the first firms tends to generate spin-offs, which become successful themselves due to the background of the founders.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) 2014 EXAMINING IT ALIGNMENT IN INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORKS : DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A MEASURMENT INSTRUMENT

Business environments have been profoundly changed by emerging innovations in the field of information technology (IT). In addition, collaborative agreements, such as inter -organizational networks, have shaped modern economies. The field of intra-organizational IT alignment has shown that it contributes to the explanation of the functioning and value delivery of IT in an organizational context. This paper takes up this stance and translates it to the network level. The authors therefore develop a measurement instrument that examines the alignment of network processes and IT that aim to organize inter-organizational network collaboration. Furthermore, this instrument is then applied to the question of different governance modes and their influence on IT alignment. Since network governance plays an important role in the context of coordination and decision making, we propose that this is an important characteristic, which explains variance between networks. A study is conducted with respondents of 198 network organizations in Germany. The results support the validity of the measurement instrument and, moreover, show that networks with a centralized governance mode, indeed, better align IT with network processes. In doing so, this study contributes to the emerging field that tries to understand the role of IT in the functioning of inter-organizational networks.
Crosstalk- and performance-driven multilevel full-chip routing

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for fast multilevel routing considering crosstalk and performance optimization. To handle the crosstalk minimization problem, we incorporate an intermediate stage of layer/track assignment into the multilevel routing framework. For performance-driven routing, we propose a novel minimum-radius minimum-cost spanning tree heuristic for global routing. Compared with the state-of-the-art multilevel routing with the routability mode, the experimental results show that our router achieved a 6.7X runtime speedup, reduced the respective maximum and average crosstalk (coupling length) by about 30% and 24%, reduced the respective maximum and average delay by about 15% and 5%. Compared with the timing-driven mode, the experimental results show that our router still achieved a 5.9X runtime speedup, reduced the respective maximum and average crosstalk by about 35% and 23%, reduced the respective maximum and average delay by about 7% and 10% in comparable routability, and resulted in fewer failed nets.
Rapid application development for a research information system: a case study

It can be argued that research is what makes science advance and that higher education institutions are in the frontline of developing and promoting research projects and making their results public by means of articles. But the projects and articles have to be managed at institutional and national level. This paper proposes an implementation case study: the first part makes a short introduction with an emphasis on the existing research, the second part presents the implementation objectives, while the third part details the development and the implementation process. Key-words: research information system, application development, performance.
Effect of Environmental Factors on Depressive-like Behavior and Memory Function in Adolescent Rats

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of environmental factors on depressive-like behavior and memory function during adolescence. We performed behavior tests in adolescent rats exposed to environmental enrichment, handling, and social deprivation for eight weeks. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control, environmental enrichment, handling, and social deprivation groups at the age of four weeks. Results: In the forced swim test, the immobility time in the environmental enrichment group was decreased than that in the control group (p=.038), while the immobility time in the social deprivation group was increased than that in the control group (p=.035), the environmental enrichment group (p<.001), and the handling group (p=.001). In the Morris water maze test, the social deprivation group had an increased latency time than the control group (p=.013) and the environmental enrichment group (p=.001). In the passive avoidance test, the environmental enrichment group had an increased latency time than the control group (p=.005). However, the social deprivation group had reduced latency time than the socially housed groups (control: p=.030; environmental enrichment: p<.001; handling: p<.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that environmental factors play an important role in emotion and memory function during adolescence.
Race and resistance: A typology of African American sport activism

Historically, sport has been viewed as an apolitical space where organizers, managers, coaches, spectators, and sponsors expected athletes to focus solely on their performance and adhere to functionalist origins of the activity, including physical fitness benefits, character building, teamwork, and social entertainment. Despite these various positive attributes, the institution of sport does not operate in isolation from broader society. Instead, sport serves as a site where societal inequalities such as racism, sexism, economic stratification, and other forms of oppression are reproduced, exacerbated, and/or ignored. Throughout history, several African American athletes, sport scholar activists, sport institutions, and entrepreneurs have critically reflected upon this arrangement and courageously engaged in actions to promote social justice within and beyond sporting spaces. Recent actions by African American athletes across participation levels have raised questions about the term activism and how it is applied to certain actions. In an effort to foster a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, the purpose of this article is to present a typology that delineates different forms of African American sport activism. The proposed typology outlines five categories: (1) symbolic activism; (2) scholarly activism; (3) grassroots activism; (4) sport-based activism; and (5) economic activism. Implications for future engagement and research are discussed.
Ginsenoside Rg3 Serves as an Adjuvant Chemotherapeutic Agent and VEGF Inhibitor in the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Objective. To evaluate ginsenoside Rg3 combined with chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment, in a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the VIP and Wanfang databases for eligible studies. We manually searched for printed journals and relevant textbooks. Statistical analyses were performed with Revman 5.3 and STATA 14.0 software packages. Results. Twenty studies were included. Ginsenoside Rg3 combined with chemotherapy could enhance response, improve disease control, prolong overall survival, improve patient quality of life, reduce leucocyte count decrease due to chemotherapy, reduce vascular endothelial growth factor expression in peripheral blood, and increase CD4/CD8 T cell ratio. Conclusion. Ginsenoside Rg3 combined with chemotherapy may enhance short-term efficacy and overall survival, alleviate treatment-induced side effects, reduce vascular endothelial growth factor expression, increase CD4/CD8 T cell ratio, and serve as a potential therapeutic regimen for NSCLC. However, considering the limitations, the conclusion should be interpreted carefully, and these results need to be confirmed by more high-quality trials.
Mid-Infrared Observing Conditions at the South Pole

Measurements of the mid-infrared sky brightness at the South Pole throughout the winter of 1998 show that the sky background is extremely low and stable. For 50% of the time, the flux in the 8.78 to 9.09 μm window is below 50 Jy per square arcsecond. Typical background levels in this window during clear conditions are of the order of 20 Jy per square arcsecond. This is almost an order of magnitude better than any other site on earth. The lower limit to the sky background across most of the N window appears to be set by the aerosol content of the sky rather than by residual water vapor. These data were acquired remotely using an automated instrument housed in the AASTO (Automated Astrophysical Site-Testing Observatory).
MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION OF TRAFFIC AT A SUBURBAN INTERCHANGE

Recent advances in computer hardware and software technology have led to the increased use of traffic simulation models. Depending on the required objective of the simulation, models range from microscopic models, which detail the movement of individual vehicles, to macroscopic models that use gross traffic descriptors such as flow. Because of the fine level of detail required in a microscopic model, applications tend towards traffic operations over a relatively small geographical area. Macroscopic models are generally applied over a much larger, system-wide, geographical area and are more useful for transportation planning rather than traffic engineering.
A Multi-State Study Examining the Impact of Explicit Reading Instruction with Incarcerated Students.

This randomized pretest/posttest group study examined the impact of explicit instruction in decoding, comprehension, and fluency on the reading achievement of incarcerated students from facilities in a southwestern (SW) state, a southeastern (SE) state, and a mid-Atlantic (MA) state. Comparisons were made between instruction comprised of higher and lower teacher-student ratio groups (1:12 v. 1:4) for the MA site and overall student reading growth rates for the SW and SE site. A total of 49 students were involved (SW=13, SE =16i, MA=20). MANCOVA results for the MA site found significant differences for group size on the Letter-Word Identification subtest of the Woodcock Reading Mastery test. Pretest and posttest difference scores are reported for the SW and SE sites. Results are discussed in relationship to the implication of providing explicit reading instruction with lower teacher-student ratios and the overall difficulty of conducting juvenile justice research. Incarcerated students have acute academic skill deficits that put them at significant risk for failing in school and functioning well in a society that emphasizes educational achievement (Foley, 2001). These skill deficits are particularly pronounced in the area of reading. When compared to non delinquent peers, incarcerated students on average are two years behind in reading (Foley, 2001). Project READ (as cited in Brunner, 1993), one of the first studies to examine reading performance of incarcerated youth with a nationally representative sample indicated that the average reading level of incarcerated students in ninth grade was fourth grade reading level. This study also found that more than one third of these students were illiterate. Others (Humphrey a
Plant–Pathogen Interaction-Related MicroRNAs and Their Targets Provide Indicators of Phytoplasma Infection in Paulownia tomentosa × Paulownia fortunei

Paulownia witches’ broom (PaWB) caused by a phytoplasma, has caused extensive losses in the yields of paulownia timber and resulted in significant economic losses. However, the molecular mechanisms in Paulownia that underlie the phytoplasma stress are poorly characterized. In this study, we use an Illumina platform to sequence four small RNA libraries and four degradome sequencing libraries derived from healthy, PaWB-infected, and PaWB-infected 15 mg·L−1 and 30 mg·L−1 methyl methane sulfonate (MMS)-treated plants. In total, 125 conserved and 118 novel microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified and 33 miRNAs responsive to PaWB disease were discovered. Furthermore, 166 target genes for 18 PaWB disease-related miRNAs were obtained, and found to be involved in plant-pathogen interaction and plant hormone signal transduction metabolic pathways. Eleven miRNAs and target genes responsive to PaWB disease were examined by a quantitative real-time PCR approach. Our findings will contribute to studies on miRNAs and their targets in Paulownia, and provide new insights to further understand plant-phytoplasma interactions.
Effects of an Integrative Field Seminar for MSW Students

ABSTRACT Integrative field seminars can help students with the difficult task of integrating learning between field and class. Are the seminars effective? We compared one cohort of MSW students who were required to attend an integrative field seminar (n = 101) with another cohort that was not offered a seminar (n = 147). We questioned each cohort at the end of the generalist practicum about skills and attitudes we thought the seminar would enhance. Students who attended a seminar reported better critical thinking, more identification with the profession, and more satisfaction with their field education. However, they were similar to students without a seminar on 10 other skills, including evaluations by their field instructors.
The role of polymorphic HLA-DR beta chain residues in presentation of viral antigens to T cells

The relative importance of 11 polymorphic positions in the HLA-DR7 beta 1 chain in T cell recognition of foreign antigens was investigated using transfectants expressing mutant DR7 beta 1 chains as APC for five rabies virus-specific T cell clones. The results indicate that multiple amino acids, located in both the beta-strands and alpha-helix of DR7 beta 1 in the model of a class II molecule, are involved in DR7- restricted T cell recognition of these antigens. Many of the substitutions appeared to reduce the affinity of an antigenic peptide for the mutant DR7 molecules but did not prevent binding. The heterogeneity of responses of the three G-specific T cell clones to presentation of the G11.3 peptide by several of the mutant DR7 molecules indicates that the T cell receptor (TCR) of each these clones requires a different view of the G11.3/DR7 complex and raises the possibility that the G11.3 peptide may bind to the DR7 molecule in more than one conformation.
Privacy-PAC: Privacy-Enhanced Physical Access Control

The cryptographic privacy-enhancing technologies were originally designed to improve the privacy and digital identity protection in electronic applications, such as cloud services, private Internet databases or communication systems. However, the access to buildings can be controlled in a privacy-respecting way too. In this paper, we introduce the privacy-enhanced physical access control system (Privacy-PAC) based on cryptographic attribute-based authentication protocols. Using the Privacy-PAC, it is possible to control the physical access to restricted areas while respecting the privacy of users. Besides the cryptographic design, we also describe the implementation results on the platforms of smart phones and an embedded verification terminal.