Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Partner care at the end-of-life: identity, language and characteristics

ABSTRACT The delivery of services and benefits to people supporting older and disabled relatives and friends depends largely on their identification within constructs of ‘care-giving’ and ‘carer’. Those who are married or living with a partner may be particularly resistant to adopting the identity of ‘care-giver’ or ‘care receiver’. This paper investigates the circumstances of couples and their adoption of carer identities, drawing on a study of the financial implications of a partner's death. That study was based on over 750 couples where one partner died, drawn from the British Household Panel Survey, and separate qualitative interviews with people whose partner died in the previous two years. The findings show that carer self-identification was influenced by the partner's health-care needs and service contacts, including welfare benefits receipts. None of the socio-demographic factors considered was statistically linked to whether people described themselves as providing care for their partner, unless there was an underlying association with the partner's health-care needs. The findings underline the problems of using self-reported identities in surveys and estimates of take-up of services and benefits, and the difficulties of delivering entitlements to people who care for their partner at the end-of-life. A challenge for policy makers is how to move beyond formal categories of ‘carer’ and ‘care-giving’ to incorporate inter-dependence, emotional commitment and the language of relationships in planning support for frail older people.
Self-Regulation, Motivation and Teaching Styles in Physical Education Classes: An Intervention Study.

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of student-activated teaching styles through a specific intervention program on students’ self-regulation, lesson satisfaction, and motivation. Six hundred and one 7th grade students (318 boys and 283 girls), aged 13 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a comparison group. The teachers who taught the students assigned to the experimental group used student-activated teaching styles, and specifically the reciprocal, self-check, inclusion, guided discovery, convergent discovery, and divergent discovery styles. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that the experimental group, compared with the comparison group, had higher scores in lesson satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, and metacognitive activities, and lower scores in external motivation, and amotivation. The study revealed that going beyond the command and/or the practice style of teaching, PE teachers can enhance students’ metacognitive skills,.
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of a history of significant alcohol use or other known liver disease. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of NAFLD. The Pathology Committee of the NASH Clinical Research Network designed and validated a histological feature scoring system that addresses the full spectrum of lesions of NAFLD and proposed a NAFLD activity score (NAS) for use in clinical trials. The scoring system comprised 14 histological features, 4 of which were evaluated semi‐quantitatively: steatosis (0‐3), lobular inflammation (0‐2), hepatocellular ballooning (0‐2), and fibrosis (0‐4). Another nine features were recorded as present or absent. An anonymized study set of 50 cases (32 from adult hepatology services, 18 from pediatric hepatology services) was assembled, coded, and circulated. For the validation study, agreement on scoring and a diagnostic categorization (“NASH,” “borderline,” or “not NASH”) were evaluated by using weighted kappa statistics. Inter‐rater agreement on adult cases was: 0.84 for fibrosis, 0.79 for steatosis, 0.56 for injury, and 0.45 for lobular inflammation. Agreement on diagnostic category was 0.61. Using multiple logistic regression, five features were independently associated with the diagnosis of NASH in adult biopsies: steatosis (P = .009), hepatocellular ballooning (P = .0001), lobular inflammation (P = .0001), fibrosis (P = .0001), and the absence of lipogranulomas (P = .001). The proposed NAS is the unweighted sum of steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocellular ballooning scores. In conclusion, we present a strong scoring system and NAS for NAFLD and NASH with reasonable inter‐rater reproducibility that should be useful for studies of both adults and children with any degree of NAFLD. NAS of ≥5 correlated with a diagnosis of NASH, and biopsies with scores of less than 3 were diagnosed as “not NASH. ” (HEPATOLOGY 2005;41:1313–1321.)
Unramified Brauer groups of finite and infinite groups

The Bogomolov multiplier is a group theoretical invariant isomorphic to the unramified Brauer group of a given quotient space. We derive a homological version of the Bogomolov multi- plier, prove a Hopf-type formula, find a five term exact sequence corresponding to this invariant, and describe the role of the Bogomolov multiplier in the theory of central extensions. A new description of the Bogomolov multiplier of a nilpotent group of class two is obtained. We define the Bogomolov multiplier within K-theory and show that proving its triviality is equivalent to solving a long-standing problem posed by Bass. An algorithm for computing the Bogomolov multiplier is developed.
An Expanded View of Intersubjectivity in Infancy and its Application to Psychoanalysis

We consider the relevance of forms of intersubjectivity in infancy to the nonverbal and implicit dimension of intersubjectivity in psychoanalysis. The term forms of intersubjectivity, within the adult explicit and implicit modes and the infant presymbolic implicit mode, is offered to clarify the multiple meanings of intersubjectivity. The ideas of infant intersubjectivity of Meltzoff, Trevarthen, and Stern that have particular relevance for psychoanalysis are highlighted: the dialogic origin of mind, the role of correspondences, and the idea that symbolic forms of intersubjectivity are built on presymbolic forms. We build on their work to define a fourth position: that the full range of patterns of interactive regulation provides the broadest definition of the presymbolic origins of intersubjectivity, with correspondence being only one of many critical patterns. We additionally address the place of interactive regulation, problems with the concept of matching, the role of self-regulation, the role of difference, and the “balance model” of self- and interactive regulation. We take the position that all forms of interactive regulation are relevant to the possibility of perceiving and aligning oneself with the moment-by-moment process of the other. A broadened understanding of intersubjectivity in infancy sets the stage for a more fruitful exchange between infant researchers and psychoanalysts.
Patterns of Misunderstanding: An Integrative Model for Science, Math, and Programming

This article examines unifying factors among diverse problems of understanding in several fields. Certain misunderstandings in science, mathematics, and computer programming display strong structural analogies with one another. Even within one of these domains, however, not all misunderstandings are structurally similar. To explain the commonality and variety, four levels of knowledge are posited: (a) content, (b) problem-solving, (c) epistemic, and (d) inquiry. Through analysis of several examples, it is argued that misunderstandings have causes at multiple levels, with highly domain-specific causes predominant at the “content” level and somewhat more general causes at the other levels. The authors note that education characteristically neglects all but the content level, describe successful interventions at all levels, and urge more attention in education to integration across the levels.
Protests 2.0: through networked negative consolidation to participation: why Russian Manezhka cannot become Ukrainian Maidan

This paper analyses debates on Twitter associated with the events of the 2011–2013 Russian protests against the government, with the wide-scale demonstration in front of Kremlin on Manezhnaya Square (Manezhka) on 18 July 2013, as well as other rallies in more than 35 cities spanning Russia. It indicates the specific Russian character of mobilisation and participation, and the implications of the internet and new communication technologies in such events, having positioned the Russian experience within the worldwide context, and in line with the frame of theories of emotions of protest and social movements (Jasper, Goodwin) and digital communication networks (Castells). The paper further contributes to understanding and awareness concerning the implications of the internet, and also in relation to the characteristics specific to the Russian protest movement in the current situation of the large-scale debates on the differences between Russian Manezhka and Ukrainian Maidan.
Research Note

This study examined the individual functioning, interpersonal relations, and academic performance of 142 female adolescents who were divided into three demographically similar groups: violent juvenile offenders (n = 51), nonviolent juvenile offenders (n = 56), and nondelinquent youths (ND; n = 35). Both the violent and the nonviolent offenders had histories of serious crimes (i.e., felonies). Parents and youths completed self-report instruments, behavior-rating inventories, and a videorecorded interaction task, and teachers completed a rating measure. Results showed that violent juvenile offenders and nonviolent juvenile offenders had more behavior problems, more difficulties in family and peer relations, and poorer academic performance than did ND. However, violent juvenile offenders did not differ from nonviolent juvenile offenders on any of the measures of individual functioning, family relations, peer relations, or academic performance. Taken together, the findings suggest that girls who commit serious crimes, regardless of whether violence is involved, share a number of risk factors across key domains of individual and interpersonal functioning. The implications of these findings for research, theory, and treatment are discussed.
Using the Personal Stroop to Detect Children's Awareness of Social Rejection by Peers

A personal (or emotional) Stroop methodology was used to assess children's internalisation of peer rejection. A computerised Stroop colour-naming task with a voice-activated timer was given to 59 socially popular and unpopular elementary schoolchildren. We presented negative social words and three sets of control words (positive social, negative nonsocial, and positive nonsocial) individually and in random order. Unpopular children (but not popular children) demonstrated significantly greater colour-naming interference on negative social words versus control words, suggesting that they had internalised personally relevant social status information. This sensitivity to negative social content words remained even after controlling for grade level, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self-reported social competence. Advantages and disadvantages of the personal Stroop methodology relative to self-report methodologies are discussed.
The Relationship of Hypomania, Creativity, and Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduates

Elevations in hypomanic symptoms have been linked to high levels of creativity, and clinicians assess hypomania as one means of identifying individuals most at risk for attempting suicide among individuals diagnosed with depression. However, potential relationships between hypomania, creativity (i.e., divergent thinking and creative achievement), and suicidal ideation in college students are seldom investigated. Participants (N = 94) completed the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, Hypomania Checklist-32, Creative Achievement Questionnaire, Guilford's Alternative Uses Task, and a demographic questionnaire. Suicidal ideation was significantly correlated with divergent thinking and creative achievement; but neither the active/elated dimension nor the irritable/risk-taking dimension of hypomania was significantly correlated with suicidal ideation, divergent thinking, or creative achievement. Results suggest that those with high creative achievement in architectural design may experience the highest risk for significant suicidal ideation among the creative domains surveyed, with those in visual arts, creative writing, theater/film, and dance being at moderate risk for significant suicidal ideation. Future research should further investigate the relationship between creative achievement, divergent thinking, and suicidal ideation in colleges and universities that have specific graduate and undergraduate programs in the aforementioned creative domains.
Percentage of Unknown Vocabulary Words in Text as a Function of the Relative Difficulty of the text: Implications for Instruction

The relationship between the relative difficulty of passages and the number of unknown words in passages was investigated. In Study I, 219 students in Grades 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given 100-word passages sampled from textbooks and library books (trade books) and then asked to underline each word that they did not know. In Study II, 60 graduate students were given a similar task involving 120 passages at the following levels of difficulty: junior high, senior high, college, and graduate school. Relative difficulty (or relative easiness) was determined from the difference between a measure of the reading ability of the student in grade equivalent (GE) units and a measure of the difficulty level of the material in GE units. The results from both Study I and Study II can be summarized as follows: (a) when the material is relatively easy then close to 0% will be unknown basic words, (b) when the material is relatively hard, then 2% or more will be unknown basic words, and (c) when the difficulty of the material is matched closely to the ability of the reader, then around 1% will be unknown basic words. These findings do not support the theory that free reading results in large vocabulary growth because free reading is likely to involve relatively easy material that contains few, if any, unknown words. Indeed, these findings call into question the practice of devoting large amounts of classroom time to free reading if the purpose is to increase vocabulary or reading level.
How perceived interpersonal justice relates to job burnout and intention to leave: The role of leader-member exchange and cognition-based trust in leaders: Trust and burnout

Intense competition among companies makes it particularly important for organizations to retain talented and skilled employees to maintain their competitive advantage. This study examines the linkage between employees' perceptions of the interpersonal justice demonstrated by their leaders and consequent job burnout resulting in turnover intention by focusing on the mediating role of leader–member exchange (LMX) as well as the moderating role of employees' cognition-based trust in their leaders. Data were obtained from 158 MBA students attending a large university in South Korea. Using structural equation modelling, we examined an integrative model that combines interpersonal justice, LMX, job burnout, and turnover intention. The results reveal that (a) LMX partially mediates the relationships between interpersonal justice and job burnout and (b) employees' cognition-based trust in their leaders moderates the relationship between LMX and job burnout. By examining the mediating role of LMX as well as the moderating role of cognition-based trust in the relationship between perceived interpersonal justice and employee job burnout, this study (1) provides a comprehensive explanation of employee job burnout and (2) outlines the implications for job burnout research and practice.
Immunohistochemistry Is Highly Sensitive and Specific for the Detection of V600E BRAF Mutation in Melanoma

This study investigated the sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis using an anti-BRAF antibody to detect the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation in patients with metastatic melanoma. A total of 100 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIIC unresectable or stage IV melanoma and who underwent tumor DNA BRAF mutation testing were selected. Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed melanoma biopsies were analyzed for the BRAF mutation status by independent, blinded observers using both conventional DNA molecular techniques and IHC with the novel BRAF V600E mutant-specific antibody, VE1. The antibody had a sensitivity of 97% (37/38) and a specificity of 98% (58/59) for detecting the presence of a BRAF V600E mutation. Of the BRAF-mutated cases, none of the non-V600E cases (including V600K) stained positive with the antibody (0/11). There were 5 cases with discordant BRAF mutation results. Additional molecular analysis confirmed the immunohistochemically obtained BRAF result in 3 cases, suggesting that the initial molecular testing results were incorrect. Two of these patients would not have received a BRAF inhibitor on the basis of the initial false-negative mutation testing result. Two cases remained discordant. The reported IHC method is an accurate, rapid, and cost-effective method for detecting V600E BRAF mutations in melanoma patients. Clinical use of the V600E BRAF antibody should be a valuable supplement to conventional mutation testing and allow V600E mutant metastatic melanoma patients to be triaged rapidly into appropriate treatment pathways.
Corticosteroids for Dengue – Why Don't They Work?

Background Dysregulated immune responses may contribute to the clinical complications that occur in some patients with dengue. Findings In Vietnamese pediatric dengue cases randomized to early prednisolone therapy, 81 gene-transcripts (0.2% of the 47,231 evaluated) were differentially abundant in whole-blood between high-dose (2 mg/kg) prednisolone and placebo-treated patients two days after commencing therapy. Prominent among the 81 transcripts were those associated with T and NK cell cytolytic functions. Additionally, prednisolone therapy was not associated with changes in plasma cytokine levels. Conclusion The inability of prednisolone treatment to markedly attenuate the host immune response is instructive for planning future therapeutic strategies for dengue.
PERAN SERTIFIKASI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME PENDIDIK

PemerintahÂ secaraÂ resmiÂ telahÂ mencanangkanÂ bahwaÂ profesiÂ guru disejajarkanÂ denganÂ profesiÂ lainnyaÂ sebagaiÂ tenagaÂ profesional. Â DenganÂ ini diharapkanÂ dapatÂ meningkatkanÂ mutuÂ pendidikanÂ karenaÂ guruÂ sebagaiÂ agen pembelajaranÂ merupakanÂ ujungÂ tombakÂ peningkatanÂ prosesÂ pembelajaranÂ diÂ dalam kelas yang akan berujung pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Pengakuan kedudukan guruÂ sebagaiÂ tenagaÂ profesionalÂ dibuktikanÂ denganÂ sebuahÂ sertifikatÂ profesiÂ guru yang diperoleh melalui uji sertifikasi. Sertifikat pendidik diberikan kepada guru yang telah memenuhi persyaratan sebagai guru profesional. Kata Kunci : guru; serifikasi guru; profesionalisme pendidik
Burnout in Australian psychologists: Correlations with work-setting, mindfulness and self-care behaviours

Burnout is an inherent risk for those working as mental health professionals, given the nature of their work. Due to recent Medicare changes in Australia, private practice psychologists were suspected to face similar burnout risks as non-private practitioners. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships among burnout in Australian psychologists, work-setting and years of experience in that setting, mindfulness and career-sustaining behaviours (CSBs). 145 Females and 22 male Australian registered psychologists, with a mean age of 42.47 years (SD = 11.64, range 24–68), were surveyed to determine work-setting, mindfulness, burnout and preferences for CSBs. High levels of burnout were reported among Australian psychologists. No significant difference in burnout between psychologists working in private-practice and non-private-practice settings was found. There was a strong negative relationship between mindfulness and burnout and there was a low but significant negative relationship between years of experience in current work-setting and burnout levels. CSB preferences only had weak relationships with burnout, which decreased after controlling for mindfulness. Several CSBs that had a detrimental relationship with burnout were identified and may be worthy of further investigation. Developing strategies to increase mindfulness may prevent burnout in Australian psychologists.
Teaching Observational Research in Introductory Psychology: Computerized and Lecture-Based Methods

In the introductory psychology course, one major goal is to teach that psychology is a science. Course projects that involve data collection can be a way to engage students and to foster an appreciation of the scientific method. Courseware for Observational Research (COR) is a multimedia program designed to teach basic methods of observational research. Students in 2 introductory psychology classes conducted observational research projects; 1 class was taught using traditional methods and the other using the “Lessons” component of COR. The class taught using COR showed higher performance on a laboratory-based research report. The 2 classes performed similarly on multiple-choice questions concerning the basic concepts. Both classes reported enjoying the project; however, COR appeared to enhance students' perceptions of the importance of research.
Is Conventional Sociology of Religion Able to Deal with Differences between Eastern and Western European Developments?

English Important religious phenomena in Eastern Europe challenge the sociology of religion. There are signs of a religious revival and an extended atheism. Yet observers have come to opposing conclusions. These contradicting interpretations call for conceptual and terminological clarifications. The author suggests that key notions in the sociology of religion such as religion itself, faith, religious practice, communal belonging and others have basically different meanings and implications under different socio-cultural circumstances. Accordingly, one needs different indicators and research methodology for them. Focusing on the traditional versus post-traditional dimension, as well as on the supposed differences between religious cultures in Eastern and Western Christianity, the author seeks to isolate structural ideal-types to identify specific kinds of religious settings and to elaborate the contextual and socio-cultural elements of different types of religion. French D'importants phénomènes religieux d'Europe centrale défient la sociologie des'religions. Il y a des signes de revivalisme religieux en même temps qu'une extension de l'athéisme. Jusqu'ici les observateurs ont abouti à des conclusions opposées. Ces interprétations contradictoires appellent des clarifications conceptuelles et terminologiques. L'auteur suggère que les notions-clés de la sociologie des religions telles que la religion elle-même, la foi, la pratique religieuse, l'appartenance communautaire et d'autres encore ont à la base des significations et des implications particulières à chaque contexte socioculturel. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des méthodes de recherches et des indicateurs adaptés à chacun. En se centrant sur l'opposition qui existe entre les dimensions traditionnelle et post-traditionnelle, ainsi que sur les supposées différences entre les cultures religieuses du christianisme occidental et oriental, l'auteur cherche à isoler des idéaux-types structurels afin de pouvoir identifier les différents types de configurations religieuses et d'en préciser les aspects contextuels et socio-culturels.