Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Factors Affecting the Home Bias Phenomenon: Experimental Tests

ABSTRACT Although international portfolio theory states that an optimal portfolio should be well diversified, in practice, investors tend to invest excessively in domestic assets. This tendency, which is commonly referred to in the finance literature as “home bias” (HB), has puzzled economists for many decades. This research develops and presents experiments designed to test the behavioral factors related to HB discussed in the literature. In particular, these experiments test whether the factors of “familiarity” and “fluency” (ease of pronunciation) affect HB. In addition, using a method of controlled experiments, we examine the willingness to take risk as a basic source of HB. We also examine HB under three different market conditions (normal, bear and bull markets). Results indicate that subjects tended to take less risk with foreign, unfamiliar and nonfluent (difficult to pronounce) assets compared with local, familiar and fluent assets. This tendency increased significantly when the three factors were present together (foreign, unfamiliar and nonfluent assets) compared with when only one of the three factors was present. The results also revealed that HB increased during bear market periods.
An evolved donor star in the long-period cataclysmic variable HS 0218+3229

Context. We present time-resolved spectroscopy and photometry of HS 0218+3229, a new long-period cataclysmic variable discovered within the Hamburg Quasar Survey. It is one of the few systems that allow a dynamical measurement of the masses of the stellar components. Aims. We combine the analysis of time-resolved optical spectroscopy and R-band photometry with the aim of measuring the mass of the white dwarf and the donor star and the orbital inclination. Methods. Cross-correlation of the spectra with K-type dwarf templates is used to derive the radial velocity curve of the donor star. An optimal subtraction of the broadened templates is performed to measure the rotational broadening and constrain the spectral type of the donor. Finally, an ellipsoidal model is fitted to the R-band light curve to obtain constraints upon the orbital inclination of the binary system. Results. The orbital period of HS 0218+3229 is found to be 0.297229661 ± 0.000000001 d (7.13351186 ± 0.00000002 h), and the amplitude of the donor’s radial velocity curve is K_2 = 162.4 ± 1.4 km s^(−1). Modelling the ellipsoidal light curves gives an orbital inclination in the range i = 59◦ ±3◦. A rotational broadening between 82.4±1.2 km s^(−1) and 89.4±1.3 km s^(−1) is found when assuming zero and continuum limb darkening, respectively. The secondary star has most likely a spectral type K5 and contributes ∼80–85% to the R-band light. Our analysis yields a mass ratio of 0.52 < q < 0.65, a white dwarf mass of 0.44 < M_1(M_⊙) < 0.65, and a donor star mass of 0.23 < M_2(M_⊙) < 0.44. Conclusions. We find that the donor star in HS 0218+3229 is significantly undermassive for its spectral type. It is therefore very likely that it has undergone nuclear evolution prior to the onset of mass transfer.
Grapheme-to-Phoneme Models for (Almost) Any Language

Grapheme-to-phoneme (g2p) models are rarely available in low-resource languages, as the creation of training and evaluation data is expensive and time-consuming. We use Wiktionary to obtain more than 650k word-pronunciation pairs in more than 500 languages. We then develop phoneme and language distance metrics based on phonological and linguistic knowledge; applying those, we adapt g2p models for high-resource languages to create models for related low-resource languages. We provide results for models for 229 adapted languages.
MiR-24 Is Required for Hematopoietic Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Overexpression of miRNA, miR-24, in mouse hematopoietic progenitors increases monocytic/ granulocytic differentiation and inhibits B cell development. To determine if endogenous miR-24 is required for hematopoiesis, we antagonized miR-24 in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and performed in vitro differentiations. Suppression of miR-24 resulted in an inability to produce blood and hematopoietic progenitors (HPCs) from ESCs. The phenotype is not a general defect in mesoderm production since we observe production of nascent mesoderm as well as mesoderm derived cardiac muscle and endothelial cells. Results from blast colony forming cell (BL-CFC) assays demonstrate that miR-24 is not required for generation of the hemangioblast, the mesoderm progenitor that gives rise to blood and endothelial cells. However, expression of the transcription factors Runx1 and Scl is greatly reduced, suggesting an impaired ability of the hemangioblast to differentiate. Lastly, we observed that known miR-24 target, Trib3, is upregulated in the miR-24 antagonized embryoid bodies (EBs). Overexpression of Trib3 alone in ESCs was able to decrease HPC production, though not as great as seen with miR-24 knockdown. These results demonstrate an essential role for miR-24 in the hematopoietic differentiation of ESCs. Although many miRNAs have been implicated in regulation of hematopoiesis, this is the first miRNA observed to be required for the specification of mammalian blood progenitors from early mesoderm.
Under the shade of AK47s: a multimodal approach to violent extremist recruitment strategies for foreign fighters

ABSTRACT Two notable features of the current conflict in Syria and Iraq are the number of foreign fighters from western countries fighting for Sunni militant organisations, and the use of the Internet and social media by some extremist groups to disseminate propaganda material. This article explores how the group which refers to itself as Islamic State and an affiliated British group, Rayat al Tawheed, deploy combinations of images and text which serve as bonding icons to rally supporters. The data consists of the English language edition of ISIS’s online magazine Dabiq and online materials produced by Rayat al Tawheed. The results suggest that ISIS and Rayat al Tawheed adopt similar but different iconisation strategies. While ISIS adopts a global strategy to present a unified world view utilising a range of ISIS values in its iconisation, Rayat al Tawheed foregrounds jihad using strategies specifically targeting young, English-speaking men of Islamic/Arab backgrounds.
Uplink transceiver for subcarrier index modulation OFDM in massive MIMO systems with imperfect channel state information

In this paper, we propose the uplink transceiver for Subcarrier Index Modulation (SIM) OFDM in multiuser massive MIMO systems with imperfect channel state information (CSI). In the proposed scheme, the indexes of inactive subcarriers implicitly transmit information bits and the subcarriers activation process is only dependent on modulation order of M-QAM. To mitigate multiuser interference at the base station with imperfect CSI, an iterative detector based on the Generalized Approximate Message Passing (GAMP) algorithm is developed. Compared to the classical massive MIMO OFDM system, our proposed scheme can improve energy efficiency (EE) without sacrificing spectral efficiency (SE). In addition, the GAMP detector shows superior detection performance and lower computational complexity than Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detector. The simulation results confirm the efficiency of our proposed scheme.
EVERY BCG WITH A STRONG RADIO AGN HAS AN X-RAY COOL CORE: IS THE COOL CORE–NONCOOL CORE DICHOTOMY TOO SIMPLE?

The radio active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback in X-ray cool cores has been proposed as a crucial ingredient in the evolution of baryonic structures. However, it has long been known that strong radio AGNs also exist in “noncool core” clusters, which brings up the question whether an X-ray cool core is always required for the radio feedback. In this work, we present a systematic analysis of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and strong radio AGNs in 152 groups and clusters from the Chandra archive. All 69 BCGs with radio AGN more luminous than 2 × 1023 W Hz−1 at 1.4 GHz are found to have X-ray cool cores. BCG cool cores can be divided into two classes: the large cool core (LCC) class and the corona class. Small coronae, easily overlooked at z > 0.1, can trigger strong heating episodes in groups and clusters, long before LCCs are formed. Strong radio outbursts triggered by coronae may destroy embryonic LCCs and thus provide another mechanism to prevent the formation of LCCs. However, it is unclear whether coronae are decoupled from the radio feedback cycles as they have to be largely immune to strong radio outbursts. Our sample study also shows the absence of groups with a luminous cool core while hosting a strong radio AGN, which is not observed in clusters. This points to a greater impact of radio heating on low-mass systems than clusters. Few L1.4 GHz > 1024 W Hz−1 radio AGNs (∼16%) host an L0.5-10 keV > 1042 erg s−1 X-ray AGN, while above these thresholds, all X-ray AGNs in BCGs are also radio AGNs. As examples of the corona class, we also present detailed analyses of a BCG corona associated with a strong radio AGN (ESO 137-006 in A3627) and one of the faintest coronae known (NGC 4709 in the Centaurus cluster). Our results suggest that the traditional cool core/noncool core dichotomy is too simple. A better alternative is the cool core distribution function, with the enclosed X-ray luminosity or gas mass.
Minority governments and legislative reliability

When are minority cabinets effective? We study the extent to which minority cabinets demonstrate legislative reliability, that is, introduce to parliament the bills they have announced in their legislative agendas. We test hypotheses drawn from two theories of minority government effectiveness: the positional agenda power theory which emphasizes the central location of the minority cabinet in the policy space and the ideological proximity theory which stresses the importance of the ideological closeness of opposition parties to the government. In an analysis of over 1600 bills announced by Danish and Swedish minority cabinets in 19 legislative agendas published between 1998 and 2012, we find more support, overall, for the ideological proximity than for the positional agenda power model.
Aprender a escrever: contribuição das habilidades de consciência fonêmica, nomeação seriada rápida e memória de trabalho

A escrita e uma atividade cognitiva complexa que envolve multiplos processos: composicionais, ortograficos e graficos. Considerando o processo ortografico como especifico dessa aprendizagem, uma vez que serve apenas a essa atividade e possibilita a escrita correta das palavras, este estudo examina a contribuicao das habilidades que sustentam o funcionamento desse processo. Foram avaliados 176 estudantes do 1o ao 5o ano do Ensino Fundamental em tarefas de consciencia fonemica (segmentacao e subtracao), RAN - nomeacao seriada rapida (de letras e digitos), memoria de trabalho (ordem direta e inversa) e ditado de palavras, tendo sido utilizada a tarefa de conhecimento de grafemas como controle. Os resultados indicaram que ao inicio da aprendizagem, no 1o e 2o ano, grande parte da variabilidade nos desempenhos em escrita de palavras pode ser explicada pelo conjunto de habilidades investigadas. Entretanto, a contribuicao da consciencia fonemica foi significativa no 1o e 2o ano, enquanto a RAN ganhou importância no 4o ano. Os resultados sao discutidos em comparacao com outros estudos e analisados em relacao a relevância para o processo de alfabetizacao.
Expression of Functional Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Primary Cultured Rat Osteoblasts

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts express functionalN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which participate in regulation of bone matrix. In rat femoral osteoblasts held in whole cell clamp there is a robust NMDA current but little if any response to l-glutamate. We have investigated expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in these cells. By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we have detected expression of mGluR1b (but not mGluR1a, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6). Blockade of mGluRs with (±)-α-methyl-carboxyphenyl-glycine resulted in an enlarged l-glutamate-induced current that resembled the response to NMDA. Conversely, prior stimulation of mGluRs withtrans-(±)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD; mGluR agonist) reduced the NMDA-induced current by 77%. Monitoring of [Ca2+] i showed that NMDA induced a sustained elevation of [Ca2+] i , which was dependent upon [Ca2+] o . Treatment with 1S,3R-ACPD generated an initial transient that was independent of [Ca2+] o , followed by a sustained, [Ca2+] o -dependent phase, a response consistent with phospholipase C-mediated mobilization of stored Ca2+. Investigations of the interaction between the two receptors confirmed inhibitory modulation of the NMDA receptor-induced rise in [Ca2+] i by mGluRs. Parathyroid hormone, which also activates phospholipase C in osteoblasts, had a similar inhibitory effect on the NMDA receptor-induced [Ca2+] i response. Elevation of [Ca2+] i mediated by mGluR activation was reduced by subsequent stimulation of NMDA receptors. This is the first description of mGluRs in bone and shows that complex glutamatergic signaling can occur in this tissue.
Cre / loxP System in the Orthotopic Gastric Carcinoma Model Cytosine Deaminase / 5-Fluorocytosine Enhanced by the Carcinoembryonic Antigen-specific Suicide Gene Therapy of Updated

Tumor-specific gene delivery is crucial to achieving successful effects in suicide gene therapy. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) promoter has been widely used for this purpose, but the expression level of tumorspecific promoters such as CEA promoter is generally low. In the previous study, we used the Cre/loxP system and showed that LacZ expression by the CEA promoter was remarkably enhanced and maintained its specificity using the Cre/loxP regulation system. In this study, the Cre/loxP system was first applied to augmentation of selective expression of the cytosine deaminase (CD) gene as a suicide gene therapy in CEA-producing cells. The double infection with AxCEANCre expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the CEA promoter and AxCALNLCD expressing the CD gene under the control of the CAG promoter by the Cre switching system rendered CEA-producing tumor cells 13-fold more sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) compared with the single infection with AxCEACD expressing CD gene driven by the CEA promoter. The therapeutic efficacy of the enhanced CD/5-FC suicide gene therapy was evaluated in orthotopic implantation models of human gastric carcinoma. Adenovirus vectors (1 10 plaque-forming units) were administered i.p. into mice three times, and then 5-FC was administered i.p. for the next 10 days. Tumor volume and weight in mice treated with AxCEANCre and AxCALNLCD/5-FC were significantly reduced as compared with those in mice treated not only with Mock (AxCALacZ) but also with AxCEACD/ 5-FC (P < 0.0001). This beneficial effect on tumor burden was also reflected in the overall survival. The survival periods of the mice treated with AxCEANCre and AxCALNLCD/5-FC were longer than those of mice treated with Mock or AxCEACD/5-FC (P < 0.01). These results suggested that application of the Cre/loxP system could provide a new approach for enhanced selective suicide gene therapy of CD/5-FC for the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.
Galaxies under the cosmic microscope: resolved spectroscopy and new constraints on the z= 1 Tully–Fisher relation

We exploit the gravitational potential of massive cluster lenses to probe the emission-line properties of six z = 1 galaxies which appear as highly magnified luminous arcs. Using the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) integral field spectrograph together with detailed cluster lens models, we reconstruct the intrinsic morphologies and two-dimensional velocity fields in these galaxies on scales corresponds to ~0.5 kpc (unlensed) at z = 1. Four of the galaxies have stable disc-like kinematics, whilst the other two resemble interacting or starburst galaxies. These galaxies lie close to the mean rest-frame I-band Tully–Fisher relation for nearby spirals suggesting a clear preference for hierarchical growth of structure. In the rest-frame B band, the observations suggest 0.5 ± 0.3 mag of brightening, consistent with increased star-formation activity at z = 1. However, the galaxies with stable disc kinematics have more slowly rising rotation curves than expected from galaxies with similar surface brightness in the local Universe. We suggest that this may arise because the distant galaxies have lower bulge masses than their local counterparts. Whilst this study is based on only six galaxies, the gain in flux and in spatial resolution achieved via gravitational magnification provides a much more detailed view of the high-redshift Universe than that possible with conventional surveys.
Proteomic Profiling of the Dystrophin-Deficient mdx Phenocopy of Dystrophinopathy-Associated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiorespiratory complications are frequent symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a neuromuscular disorder caused by primary abnormalities in the dystrophin gene. Loss of cardiac dystrophin initially leads to changes in dystrophin-associated glycoproteins and subsequently triggers secondarily sarcolemmal disintegration, fibre necrosis, fibrosis, fatty tissue replacement, and interstitial inflammation. This results in progressive cardiac disease, which is the cause of death in a considerable number of patients afflicted with X-linked muscular dystrophy. In order to better define the molecular pathogenesis of this type of cardiomyopathy, several studies have applied mass spectrometry-based proteomics to determine proteome-wide alterations in dystrophinopathy-associated cardiomyopathy. Proteomic studies included both gel-based and label-free mass spectrometric surveys of dystrophin-deficient heart muscle from the established mdx animal model of dystrophinopathy. Comparative cardiac proteomics revealed novel changes in proteins associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, glycolysis, signaling, iron binding, antibody response, fibre contraction, basal lamina stabilisation, and cytoskeletal organisation. This review summarizes the importance of studying cardiomyopathy within the field of muscular dystrophy research, outlines key features of the mdx heart and its suitability as a model system for studying cardiac pathogenesis, and discusses the impact of recent proteomic findings for exploring molecular and cellular aspects of cardiac abnormalities in inherited muscular dystrophies.
Confidence Displays and Training in Recommender Systems

Recommender systems help users sort through vast quantities of information. Sometimes, however, users do not know if they can trust the recommendations they receive. Adding a confidence metric has the potential to improve user satisfaction and alter user behavior in a recommender system. We performed an experiment to measure the effects of a confidence display as a component of an existing collaborative filteringbased recommender system. Minimal training improved use of the confidence display compared to no training. Novice users were less likely to notice, understand, and use the confidence display than experienced users of the system. Providing training about a confidence display to experienced users greatly reduced user satisfaction in the recommender system. These results raise interesting issues and demonstrate subtle effects about how and when to train users when adding features to a system.
Automobile Driver Fingerprinting

Abstract Today’s automobiles leverage powerful sensors and embedded computers to optimize efficiency, safety, and driver engagement. However the complexity of possible inferences using in-car sensor data is not well understood. While we do not know of attempts by automotive manufacturers or makers of after-market components (like insurance dongles) to violate privacy, a key question we ask is: could they (or their collection and later accidental leaks of data) violate a driver’s privacy? In the present study, we experimentally investigate the potential to identify individuals using sensor data snippets of their natural driving behavior. More specifically we record the in-vehicle sensor data on the controllerarea- network (CAN) of a typical modern vehicle (popular 2009 sedan) as each of 15 participants (a) performed a series of maneuvers in an isolated parking lot, and (b) drove the vehicle in traffic along a defined ~ 50 mile loop through the Seattle metropolitan area. We then split the data into training and testing sets, train an ensemble of classifiers, and evaluate identification accuracy of test data queries by looking at the highest voted candidate when considering all possible one-vs-one comparisons. Our results indicate that, at least among small sets, drivers are indeed distinguishable using only incar sensors. In particular, we find that it is possible to differentiate our 15 drivers with 100% accuracy when training with all of the available sensors using 90% of driving data from each person. Furthermore, it is possible to reach high identification rates using less than 8 minutes of training data. When more training data is available it is possible to reach very high identification using only a single sensor (e.g., the brake pedal). As an extension, we also demonstrate the feasibility of performing driver identification across multiple days of data collection
Growth inhibitory activity of Ankaferd hemostat on primary melanoma cells and cell lines

Objective: Ankaferd hemostat is the first topical hemostatic agent about the red blood cell–fibrinogen relations tested in the clinical trials. Ankaferd hemostat consists of standardized plant extracts including Alpinia officinarum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Thymus vulgaris, Urtica dioica, and Vitis vinifera. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Ankaferd hemostat on viability of melanoma cell lines. Methods: Dissimilar melanoma cell lines and primary cells were used in this study. These cells were treated with different concentrations of Ankaferd hemostat to assess the impact of different dosages of the drug. All cells treated with different concentrations were incubated for different time intervals. After the data had been obtained, one-tailed T-test was used to determine whether the Ankaferd hemostat would have any significant inhibitory impact on cell growth. Results: We demonstrated in this study that cells treated with Ankaferd hemostat showed a significant decrease in cell viability compared to control groups. The cells showed different resistances against Ankaferd hemostat which depended on the dosage applied and the time treated cells had been incubated. We also demonstrated an inverse relationship between the concentration of the drug and the incubation time on one hand and the viability of the cells on the other hand, that is, increasing the concentration of the drug and the incubation time had a negative impact on cell viability. Conclusion: The findings in our study contribute to our knowledge about the anticancer impact of Ankaferd hemostat on different melanoma cells.