Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Searching for Stress in All the Wrong Places: Combating Chronic Organizational Stressors in Policing

Much of the literature on police‐related stress has focused on its intrapersonal nature, particularly in terms of the impact of such stressors as traumatic incidents and life‐or‐death decision‐making. Traditional remedies have generally focused on one of two models: (1) clinical intervention through psychological counseling or (2) individual coping through training programs that teach stress‐reducing techniques ranging from exercise to transcendental meditation. Yet neither these causes nor their accompanying solutions address the chronic sources of organizationally induced stress that have the capacity for taking a far greater toll on the long‐term health and well‐being of police personnel. From unclear expectations to inadequate communications, insufficient rewards, and autocratic management practices, this paper explores the dynamics of organizational stress in policing, along with potential strategies for proactively combating it.
Using inattentional blindness as an operational definition of unattended: The case of a response–end effect

Inattentional blindness (IB), which is the lack of awareness of stimuli that appear in unattended regions of the visual field, can be used as an operational definition of unattended. Using separate online measures in combination with IB can be used to probe specific aspects of processing that are engaged by unattended stimuli. Previous applications of this method have provided evidence that unattended stimuli can engage processes that lead to grouping‐by‐similarity (Moore & Egeth, 1997), as well as processes involved in the perceptual completion of partially visible surfaces (Moore, Grosjean, & Lleras, 2003). Here we applied this method to address the question of whether unattended stimuli can engage response–end processes. Specifically, we used a stimulus–response compatibility effect, the Simon effect (e.g., Simon & Rudell, 1967), as an online measure of response selection. As assessed through this measure, unattended stimuli failed to engage response‐selection processes.
Classroom pedagogies, digital literacies and the home-school digital divide

Abstract As digital technologies continue to permeate aspects of everyday life, contributing to an increasingly multiliterate world, educators are working to include digital technologies into classroom practices. However, there is evidence that the digital divide between schools and homes continues to widen as more and more technologies become available. This article reports on a small research project that investigated the use of digital technologies in two middle school (young adolescent) classrooms and how the teachers were attempting to bridge the so-called home-school divide. The study explored what the teachers knew about their students’ use of digital technologies and multiliteracies outside of the school context and how the teachers used digital technologies and approached the teaching of multiliteracies within the contexts of their classrooms.
Approximating Lens Power

Purpose. To provide a scalar measure of refractive error, based on geometric lens power through principal, orthogonal and oblique meridians, that is not limited to the paraxial and sag height approximations. Methods. A function is derived to model sections through the principal meridian of a lens, followed by rotation of the section through orthogonal and oblique meridians. Average focal length is determined using the definition for the average of a function. Results. Average univariate power in the principal meridian (including spherical aberration), can be computed from the average of a function over the angle of incidence as determined by the parameters of the given lens, or adequately computed from an integrated series function. Average power through orthogonal and oblique meridians, can be similarly determined using the derived formulae. Conclusions. The widely used computation for measuring refractive error, the spherical equivalent, introduces non-constant approximations, leading to a systematic bias. The equations proposed provide a good univariate representation of average lens power and are not subject to a systematic bias. They are particularly useful for the analysis of aggregate data, correlating with biological treatment variables and for developing analyses, which require a scalar equivalent representation of refractive power.
The life and thought of Robert Keith Yorston: An advocate for accounting reform

Sir Robert Keith Yorston (1902–1983) was an Australian business educator and practitioner. He was a prolific author whose textbooks were adopted by the professional bodies, technical colleges and universities both in Australia and New Zealand. A large part of Yorston’s career was devoted to the Australian Accountancy College. Yorston was at the forefront of the professional dialogue on the quality of financial reporting in Australia. He also advocated improvements in matters of corporate governance including gender equality and employee reporting. It is argued that many of Yorston’s ideas were ahead of their time, and there is a need for an awareness of his contribution to accounting thought and practice. This article is an acknowledgement of Yorston’s endeavours. It recognizes his contribution to accounting education, the profession and the wider community. In so doing, it traces an important chapter in the history of accounting education and practice in Australia.
Movement-based game guidelines

Movement-based digital games are becoming increasingly popular, yet there is limited comprehensive guidance on how to design these games. We present a set of guidelines for movement-based game design that has emerged from our research-based game development practice. These guidelines have been examined and refined by 14 movement-based game design experts with experience in the academic, independent and commercial game development domains. We contextualize the guidelines using current findings about movement-based game and interaction design, taken from both published research papers and game design venues. Our primary contribution is a body of generative intermediate-level knowledge in the design research tradition that is readily accessible and actionable for the design of future movement-based games.
VALIDEZ Y CONFIABILIDAD DEL TEST DE IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LOS TRASTORNOS DEBIDOS AL CONSUMO DE ALCOHOL (AUDIT) EN ESTUDIANTES DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD CHILENA

Objetivo: analizar la confiabilidad y validez del test de Identificacion de los Trastornos Debidos al Consumo de Alcohol en una poblacion de estudiantes que ingresan por primera vez a la Universidad. Material y metodo: aplicacion del instrumento a 845 estudiantes, previo consentimiento informado, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado por facultad. 789 alumnos lo completaron satisfactoriamente, se aplicaron pruebas parametricas para obtener resultados de consumo de alcohol basados en los puntajes de corte y zonas sugeridas por la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. Se aplico alfa de Cronbach para determinar la fiabilidad y analisis factorial para la validez. Resultados: La confiabilidad del instrumento fue apropiada (α = 0,83), y se detectaron dos componentes referidos al consumo de alcohol y las consecuencias. Conclusion: este test es un instrumento confiable y valido para diagnostico en el consumo de alcohol tanto riesgoso como dependiente en estudiantes universitarios.
Calcium and synaptic dynamics underlying reverberatory activity in neuronal networks

Persistent activity is postulated to drive neural network plasticity and learning. To investigate its underlying cellular mechanisms, we developed a biophysically tractable model that explains the emergence, sustenance and eventual termination of short-term persistent activity. Using the model, we reproduced the features of reverberating activity that were observed in small (50–100 cells) networks of cultured hippocampal neurons, such as the appearance of polysynaptic current clusters, the typical inter-cluster intervals, the typical duration of reverberation, and the response to changes in extra-cellular ionic composition. The model relies on action potential-triggered residual pre-synaptic calcium, which we suggest plays an important role in sustaining reverberations. We show that reverberatory activity is maintained by enhanced asynchronous transmitter release from pre-synaptic terminals, which in itself depends on the dynamics of residual pre-synaptic calcium. Hence, asynchronous release, rather than being a ‘synaptic noise’, can play an important role in network dynamics. Additionally, we found that a fast timescale synaptic depression is responsible for oscillatory network activation during reverberations, whereas the onset of a slow timescale depression leads to the termination of reverberation. The simplicity of our model enabled a number of predictions that were confirmed by additional analyses of experimental manipulations.
An Entrepreneurial System View of New Venture Creation

This paper reports the results of a two‐phase study that explores new venture creation within the context of an entrepreneurial system. First, a genealogy of high‐technology companies is presented depicting a high spin‐off rate resulting from the presence of seven incubator organizations. Second, semantic structure analysis (Spradley 1980) based on semi‐structured interviews with founders is used to develop a taxonomy. This taxonomy depicts the relationship among components in one entrepreneurial system, Boulder County, Colorado, that encourages, supports, and enhances regional entrepreneurial activity. Findings indicate that incubator organizations, spin‐offs, informal and formal networks, the physical infrastructure, and the culture of the region are related uniquely and interact to form a system conducive for dense high‐technology entrepreneurial activity. Additionally, greater rates of new venture formation were found following critical moments in the life of incubator organizations.
Factors Associated with HIV Sexual Risk Behavior in Male Couples of Mixed HIV Status

Abstract There are concerns that rates of unprotected anal intercourse and new HIV infections among some gay men have remained at or returned to dangerous levels, similar to those seen in the first decade of the epidemic. Most research on sexual risk behavior of gay men has focused on individuals even though several studies have indicated that unprotected anal intercourse (the most risky of sexual behaviors) is most likely to occur between two men who are regular partners. This study was conducted with 75 HIV serodiscordant (“mixed HIV status”) male couples. The goals were to assess the types and prevalence of sexual risk behaviors within these dyads, to identify reasons given for engaging in risk behavior with their partner of opposite HIV status, and to examine the association, if any, between risk behaviors and potential individual and partner related factors and context. Both members of the couple were included in all assessments. There was a tendency for unprotected anal sex to occur more often among younger men, newer couples, Latino men, and men with less education. Lower risk perception and self-efficacy for condom use, desire for sexual spontaneity, intimacy, and personal and partner satisfaction were all related to sexual risk behavior. The men in these relationships also used specific “harm reduction” strategies, based on their own understanding of transmission risk. Therefore it is important to integrate biological and behavioral knowledge to develop effective prevention campaigns. And prevention programs need to consider the ongoing emotional needs of both the HIV seronegative (HIV-) and HIV sero-positive (HIV+) partner.
"Watts in it for me?": design implications for implementing effective energy interventions in organisations

The design of technological interventions to motivate behaviour-based reductions in end-user energy consumption has recently been identified as a priority for the HCI community. Previous interventions have produced promising results, but have typically focused on domestic energy consumption. By contrast, this paper focuses on the workplace context, which presents very different opportunities and challenges. For instance, financial consequences, which have proved successful as motivations in the domestic environment, are not present in the workplace in the context of employees. We describe the outcome of a sequence of workshops that focussed on understanding employee perceptions of energy use in the workplace, with the locus of activity on energy intervention design. Using a grounded theory analysis, we produced a framework of key themes detailing user perceptions and energy intervention design considerations. Our findings provide a framework of considerations for the design of successful workplace energy interventions.
Evaluative Site Visits: A Methodological Review

Site visits are a commonly employed, but little discussed, evaluation procedure. Our purpose is to review the state of the art regarding site visits, as well as to catalyze a discussion of site visits centering on the question of whether or not existing practices constitute a set of methods or a methodology. We define evaluative site visits and review the current state of practice in site visits. We also outline the differences between methods and methodology and consider whether or not the current state of practice constitutes a methodology.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in placenta, maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and milk of Indian women

Human placenta, umbilical cord blood, maternal blood and breast milk samples from mothers were analysed for the presence of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Benzo(a) pyrene (B(a)P), dibenzo(a,c)anthracene (DBA) and chrysene (Chy) were detected in all the four types of sample. Levels of dibenzo(a,c)anthracene were higher in the above samples compared with the other two PAHs. Umbilical cord blood and breast milk samples showed relatively high concentrations of all the three PAHs and thus demonstrated that the developing foetus/new born were exposed to these carcinogenic envi ronmental contaminants. The possible implications of PAHs in relation to human health are discussed.
Adaptive Neural Control for Dual-Arm Coordination of Humanoid Robot With Unknown Nonlinearities in Output Mechanism

To achieve an excellent dual-arm coordination of the humanoid robot, it is essential to deal with the nonlinearities existing in the system dynamics. The literatures so far on the humanoid robot control have a common assumption that the problem of output hysteresis could be ignored. However, in the practical applications, the output hysteresis is widely spread; and its existing limits the motion/force performances of the robotic system. In this paper, an adaptive neural control scheme, which takes the unknown output hysteresis and computational efficiency into account, is presented and investigated. In the controller design, the prior knowledge of system dynamics is assumed to be unknown. The motion error is guaranteed to converge to a small neighborhood of the origin by Lyapunov's stability theory. Simultaneously, the internal force is kept bounded and its error can be made arbitrarily small.
Pleural procedures and thoracic ultrasound: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010

In hospital practice, pleural aspiration (thoracocentesis) and chest drain insertion may be required in many different clinical settings for a variety of indications. Doctors in most specialities will be exposed to patients requiring pleural drainage and need to be aware of safe techniques. There have been many reports of the dangers of large-bore chest drains and it had been anticipated that, with the previous guidelines, better training and the advent of small-bore Seldinger technique chest drains, there would have been an improvement. Unfortunately the descriptions of serious complications continue, and in 2008 the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) issued a report making recommendations for safer practice.1 These updated guidelines take into consideration the recommendations from this report and describe the technique of pleural aspiration and Seldinger chest drain insertion and ultrasound guidance. Much of this guideline consists of descriptions of how to do these procedures but, where possible, advice is given when evidence is available. Before undertaking an invasive pleural procedure, all operators should be appropriately trained and have been initially supervised by an experienced trainer. Many of the complications described in the NPSA report were the result of inadequate training or supervision. A recent survey of UK NHS Trusts showed that the majority did not have a formal training policy for chest drain insertion in 2008.2 Studies of clinical practice have shown that there is a wide variation in the knowledge and skills of doctors inserting chest drains. In a published study3 where doctors were asked to indicate where they would insert a chest drain, 45% indicated they would insert the drain outside of the safety triangle, …
Applying to higher education: information sources and choice factors

Higher education institutions are facing increasingly complex challenges, which demand a deeper understanding of the sources prospective students use when applying to a higher education institution. This research centres on students’ decision‐making process for higher education institutions, focusing on the pre‐purchase period, and, in particular, the information sources and choice factors students draw on when selecting a higher education institution. A survey was administered to students who were enrolling for the first time at a Portuguese university, yielding a total sample of 1641. The findings reveal that the university website is rated among the three most used sources of information by the majority of respondents. The results also show that geographical proximity is the most important choice factor for a higher education institution. Conclusions, implications and avenues for future research are presented.
Vascular graft thrombosis after pancreatic transplantation: univariate and multivariate operative and nonoperative risk factor analysis.

BACKGROUND Vascular thrombosis is still the leading cause of nonimmunologic, technical pancreatic transplant graft failures. The paucity of published data--coupled with our large institutional experience with pancreatic transplantation in all recipient and transplant categories, using a wide spectrum of surgical techniques--provided the impetus for a retrospective study of graft thrombosis risk factors. STUDY DESIGN Four hundred thirty-eight patients with pancreatic transplants (45 percent simultaneous pancreas-kidney [SPK], 23 percent pancreas-after-kidney [PAK], and 32 percent pancreatic transplants alone [PTA] and with Type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were studied retrospectively. Of 438 pancreatic transplants, 90 percent were bladder-drained and 10 percent were enteric-drained. Ninety-three percent were from cadaver donors, 90 percent were whole-organ grafts, and 20 percent were retransplantations. Quadruple immunosuppression was given. For bladder-drained, whole-organ transplantations (n=378), we performed Cox regression analyses to study the impact on pancreatic graft thrombosis of donor, recipient, mode of preservation, and surgical variables. RESULTS The overall thrombosis rate was 12 percent (5 percent arterial, 7 percent venous). For cadaver, bladder-drained, whole-organ pancreatic transplants, the thrombosis incidence was highest in PAK recipients (20 percent). The PAK category was also found to be an independent risk factor for thrombosis by stepwise Cox regression analysis. In separate stepwise Cox regression analyses for each category, other identified risk factors for thrombosis included the following: donor age (PAK, PTA); cardiocerebrovascular cause of donor death (SPK, PAK); the use of an aortic Carrel patch (SPK); arterial pancreatic graft reconstruction using a splenic artery to superior mesenteric artery anastomosis (SPK, PTA) or an interposition graft between the splenic artery and the superior mesenteric artery (PTA); portal vein extension graft (PAK); left-sided implantation into the recipient (PAK); and graft pancreatitis (defined as hyperamylasemia exceeding five days post-transplant [PAK, PTA]). CONCLUSIONS Older donors or those who died of cardiocerebrovascular disease should not be considered for any recipient category. Preservation time needs to be minimized and strategies need to be developed to decrease graft pancreatitis. Surgically, left-sided implantation and arterial reconstructions other than the Y-graft also increase risk, as do portal vein extensions. Renal transplants alone in prospective PAK recipients with Type I diabetes mellitus should, therefore, always be implanted left-sided to allow for right-sided pancreatic graft placement.
Management Education

The paper offers a broad and critical analysis of current provision of management education in the UK. It relates current questioning of the adequacy and relevance of this provision to changes in management practice and developments in public policy on management training and education. It also comments upon the comparative neglect of teaching innovation in higher education, encouraged by reductions in unit of resource and institutional pressures to concentrate efforts upon scholarship and research. In seeking to overcome the deficiencies of traditional management education, it is suggested that the forging of closer links between a post-traditional, action-oriented approach to management learning and contributions to a critical study of management. In particular, the paper commends the possibility of developing a critical action learning approach to management education in which the insights generated by critical management research are combined with an experiential pedagogy pioneered by action learning.
Retracted: Anatomy of the hip capsule and pericapsular structures: A cadaveric study

The anatomical literature contains relatively little qualitative or quantitative information regarding the anatomy of the hip joint capsule and its relationship to the surrounding pericapsular structures. We aimed to provide a detailed description of the anatomy of these relationships in a cadaveric study. Dissections of 11 nonpaired, fresh‐frozen cadaveric hips were performed, documenting capsular dimensions and attachments to pericapsular structures including the rectus femoris, gluteus minimus, iliocapsularis, and piriformis and short external rotator muscles. Tendon footprints of these pericapsular muscles were measured, as well as their distance from reproducible bony landmarks. The thickest portion of the hip capsule is posterosuperiorly and superiorly near its acetabular origin, while the thinnest portion is posteriorly and posteroinferiorly near its femoral insertion. The piriformis has no capsular contribution; however, the reflected head of the rectus femoris, gluteus minimus, iliocapsularis, and external rotator tendons all demonstrate consistent capsular adhesions. There are complex associations among these structures, yet the surrounding layers of the capsule are confluent in predictable relationships. Knowledge of the intricate relationship between the hip capsule and pericapsular structures presented here will be useful for surgeons as they perform the precise and specific capsular releases required by various operative procedures. This study also provides information that can lead to further biomechanical, radiographic, and clinical studies on these structures. Clin. Anat. 28:665–671, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.