Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Developmental Experiences of Adolescent Females in Structured Basketball Programs

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether adolescent females had unique developmental experiences in different types of basketball programs. The Youth Experiences Survey 2.0 [YES] (Hansen & Larson, 2005) was used to measure the learning experiences of 14 and 15 year old females (n = 212) who were enrolled in a school, recreational, or competitive basketball program. Interviews with organization representatives were conducted to determine the structure of each basketball program (n= 16) from which participants were drawn. One-way ANOVAs and Bonferroni comparisons were used to compare YES 2.0 positive experience scale scores of participants in school, recreational and competitive basketball programs. Results revealed that females in recreational programs had significantly lower scores than those in competitive and school programs on numerous positive experiences scales. Mann-Whitney U tests found that those in school and competitive programs reported higher stress levels. Interview results indicate that four characteristics of competitive and school programs may contribute to participants in these programs reporting more growth experiences: 1) time commitment 2) coaches' training and background, 3) competition, and 4) volunteer opportunities. La presente etude visait a determiner si des jeunes adolescentes participant a divers types de programmes de basket-ball vivaient des experiences differentes sur le plan developpemental, selon le programme en cause. On a eu recours au Youth Experiences Survey 2.0 [YES](Hansen et Larson, 2005) pour evaluer les experiences d'apprentissage de 212 jeunes filles de 14 et 15 ans inscrites a un programme de basket-ball scolaire, recreatif ou competitif. Des entrevues ont ete menees avec des representants d'organismes pour determiner la structure de chaque programme de basket-ball (n= 16) auquel participaient les joueuses. On a eu recours a des analyses de variance a voie unique et a des comparaisons de Bonferroni pour comparer les cotes des baremes d'experiences positives YES 2.0 des participantes aux programmes de basket-ball scolaires, recreatifs et competitifs. Les resultats ont revele qu'a plusieurs niveaux de baremes d'experiences positives, les jeunes femmes qui participaient aux programmes recreatifs obtenaient des resultats plus faibles que celles qui faisaient partie de programmes de basket-ball competitifs et scolaires. Les tests U Mann-Whitney ont indique que les participantes aux programmes scolaires et competitifs avaient un niveau de stress plus eleve. Les resultats des entrevues ont fait ressortir quatre caracteristiques propres aux programmes competitifs et scolaires qui aident les participantes a vivre des experiences plus positives sur le plan du developpement : 1) l'investissement en temps; 2) la formation et l'experience des entraineurs, 3) l'aspect competitif, 4) les possibilites qui s'offrent de faire du benevolat.
Clinical impact of L1CAM expression measured on the transcriptome level in ovarian cancer

Background High expression of L1 cell adhesion molecules (L1CAM) has been repeatedly shown to be associated with aggressive disease behavior, which translates in poor clinical outcome in various cancer entities. However, in ovarian cancer results based either on immunohistochemistry or cytosolic protein quantifications remained conflicting regarding clinical behavior. In the present work we assessed L1CAM expression on the transcriptome level with the highly sensitive quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to define its relevance in ovarian cancer biology. Results There was a significant difference in L1CAM high and low mRNA expressing cancers with regard to disease-free (p=0.002) and overall survival (p=0.008). L1CAM proofed to be an independent predictor for disease progression (HR 1.8, p=0.01) and overall survival (HR 1.6, p=0.04). Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the level of L1CAM and the grade of tumor differentiation (p=0.04), the FIGO stage (p=0.025) as well as the histological subtype (p= 0.002) was found. Methods This study included fresh frozen tissue samples of 138 patients with FIGO I-IV stage ovarian cancer. L1CAM mRNA expression was determined using qRT-PCR. In the calculations special attention was put on the various histological subtypes. In survival analysis median L1CAM mRNA expression obtained in the entire cohort of ovarian cancer samples was used as a cut-off to distinguish between high and low L1CAM mRNA expression. Conclusion L1CAM mRNA expression appears to play a substantial role in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer that is translated into poor clinical outcome. Additionally humanized L1CAM antibodies, which can serve as potential future treatment options are under testing.
Intrusive parenting : how psychological control affects children and adolescents

This text focuses on parental psychological control, or intrusive, inhibiting and manipulative parental behaviours and interaction patterns that negatively affect healthy child development. Contributors review research and present methodologies and findings that should enhance the further study of this important component of the socialization of children. They also integrate the historical conceptualizations of parental psychological control, identify the aspects of child or adolescent development these conceptualizations appear to have targeted, and review and discuss the known child and adolescent correlates of parental psychological control. Chapters extend the work on psychological control of adolescents substantially by studying its relationship with other key variables in family and individual development. Some chapters examine the cross-cultural validity of the psychological control construct in young children from the USA, Russia and China as well as the effects of psychological control found in unique populations, such as children with disabilities like spina bifida.
Genetic parameters for weight, weight adjusted for body condition score, height, and body condition score in beef cows.

Weight (CW, n = 61,798), weight adjusted for condition score (WA), hip height (CH, n = 56,494), and condition score (CS, n = 61,434) of cows (2 through 8 yr of age) produced by crosses of 22 sire breeds with Angus and Hereford dams in the first four cycles of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center were used to estimate genetic parameters with REML. The model included sire breed, dam breed, age in years, season of measurement (1 to 4) and their interactions, and year of birth and pregnancy-lactation code (PL) as fixed effects for CW and CS. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects. Univariate analyses of all data, by season and by year of age, bivariate analyses between pairs of seasons and ages (2 to 6), and between traits were done. Estimates of heritability and repeatability over all ages were 0.49, 0.54, 0.68, and 0.16, and 0.65, 0.67, 0.75, and 0.30 for CW, WA, CH, and CS, respectively. Corresponding estimates for each age and season were similar for all traits and cycles. Estimates of genetic and permanent environmental correlations were close to unity for all pairs of seasons and traits. Genetic correlations were greater than 0.92 for all pairs of ages for CW, WA, and CH, and greater than 0.67 for CS. Genetic correlations were 0.80, 0.86, 0.43, and -0.04 for CW-CH, WA-CH, CW-CS, and CH-CS, respectively. Results suggest that repeatability models can be used to model weights and heights in this population.
Kinetics of non-rapid eye movement delta production across sleep and waking in young and elderly normal subjects: theoretical implications.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To perform a within-subject analysis of the changes in absolute and normalized rates of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) delta power production across daytime naps and baseline sleep, specifically to determine whether these rates change linearly or exponentially. DESIGN Subjects were studied in a 2-day protocol after screening for sleep disorders. The first night was a baseline sleep recording that was followed by a nap the next day at one of the following times: 900, 1200, 1500, 1800 with the nap order varied between subjects. Sleep was then recorded on the postnap night with the baseline bedtime schedule. Subjects completed all 4 nap conditions. SETTING A 4-bed sleep research laboratory. Each subject slept in a separate bedroom. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. PARTICIPANTS Subjects were young normal (YNs, mean age 22.4 yrs) and elderly normal (ENs, mean age 71.4 yrs) adults. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Electroencephalography was recorded continuously during baseline, nap, and postnap sleep. Fast Fourier transform and period-amplitude analysis and visual scoring were performed. Delta power/min and period-amplitude integrated amplitude/min were significantly lower in EN than YN subjects. Both measures declined linearly across NREM periods and increased linearly across naps in the two age groups. The linear slopes for absolute power and integrated amplitude were significantly flatter in the elderly. However, when normalized to each individual subject's baseline rate of delta production, the slopes of the ENs closely approximated those of the YNs. CONCLUSIONS The observation of linear changes in delta across NREM periods and daytime naps contradicts the exponential assumptions of the two-process model. The similarity of the normalized slopes shows that waking and sleep exert the same proportionate change in NREM delta in YNs and ENs. This raises the possibility that homeostatic drive is similar in the two groups despite different rates of absolute delta production. The data here, taken in association with other findings, lead us to hypothesize that NREM delta is specifically homeostatic for the neuronal systems that underlie consciousness.
Developmental Abnormalities and Reduced Fruit Softening in Tomato Plants Expressing an Antisense Rab11 GTPase Gene

A cDNA clone from tomato fruit encodes a protein with strong homology with the rab11/YPT3 class of small GTPases that is thought to be involved in the control of protein trafficking within cells. The gene, LeRab11a, showed a pattern consistent with a single copy in DNA gel blots. The corresponding mRNA was developmentally regulated during fruit ripening, and its expression was inhibited in several ripening mutants. Its reduced expression in the Never-ripe mutant indicates that it may be induced by ethylene in fruit. The ripening-induced expression in tissues that are undergoing cell wall loosening immediately suggests a possible role in trafficking of cell wall–modifying enzymes. The message also was produced in leaves and flowers but not in roots. Antisense transformation was used to generate a “mutant phenotype. ” Antisense fruit changed color as expected but failed to soften normally. This was accompanied by reduced levels of two cell wall hydrolases, pectinesterase and polygalacturonase. There were other phenotypic effects in the plants, including determinate growth, reduced apical dominance, branched inflorescences, abnormal floral structure, and ectopic shoots on the leaves. In some plants, ethylene production was reduced. These data suggest an alternative or additional role in exocytosis or endocytosis of homeotic proteins, hormone carriers, or receptors.
GABAA receptor associated protein (GABARAP) modulates TRPV1 expression and channel function and desensitization

Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1) transduces noxious chemical and physical stimuli in high‐threshold nociceptors. The pivotal role of TRPV1 in the physiopathology of pain transduction has thrust the identification and characterization of interacting partners that modulate its cellular function. Here, we report that TRPV1 associates with γ‐amino butyric acid A‐type (GABAA) receptor associated protein (GABARAP) in HEK293 cells and in neurons from dorsal root ganglia coexpressing both proteins. At variance with controls, GABARAP augmented TRPV1 expression in cotransfected cells and stimulated surface receptor clustering. Functionally, GABARAP expression attenuated voltage and capsaicin sensitivity of TRPV1 in the presence of extracellular calcium. Furthermore, the presence of the anchor protein GABARAP notably lengthened the kinetics of vanilloid‐induced tachyphylaxia. Notably, the presence of GABARAP selectively increased the interaction of tubulin with the C‐terminal domain of TRPV1. Disruption of tubulin cytoskeleton with nocodazole reduced capsaicinevoked currents in cells expressing TRPV1 and GABARAP, without affecting the kinetics of vanilloid‐induced desensitization. Taken together, these findings indicate that GABARAP is an important component of the TRPV1 signaling complex that contributes to increase the channel expression, to traffic and cluster it on the plasma membrane, and to modulate its functional activity at the level of channel gating and desensitization. —Laínez, S. , Valente, P., Ontoria‐Oviedo, I. , Estévez‐Herrera, J., Camprubí‐Robles, M. , Ferrer‐Montiel, A. Planells‐Cases, R. GABAA receptor associated protein (GABARAP) modulates TRPV1 expression and channel function and desensitization. FASEB J. 24, 1958–1970 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Fall Forage Biomass and Nitrogen Composition of Winter Wheat Populations Selected from Grain-Only and Dual-Purpose Environments

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the foundation of many agricultural enterprises in the southern Great Plains and is grown primarily as either a grain-only (GO) or a dual-purpose (DP, grazing plus grain) crop. Traditionally, cultivars are developed in GO systems. Because of genotype × system interactions, the DP environment may compromise gains in grain yield accrued in GO-developed cultivars. Forage traits for 24 sets of populations (each with unique pedigree) were used to test benefits of tailoring breeding programs for DP wheat. Each set came from the same F 2 source and contained a base (B) F 3 bulk population and F 5 bulk populations mass selected from the F 2 within either a GO or DP system. Forage biomass and forage total N and nitrate were measured at the start of fall grazing. Nearly always, the effect of selection environment was consistent across genetic backgrounds. Effect of selection environment on forage biomass of each nursery was significant at P = 0.09 and P = 0.07. In 2001, DP-derived populations produced about 5% less than GO-derived populations; in 2002, the selection effect was not significant (P = 0.38 and 0.30). Selection environment had a significant effect on forage total N, but not nitrate levels. Total N in DP selections was slightly greater (2.5%, P < 0.05) than those from B and GO selections. Forage nitrate was affected by genetic background; mean nitrate-N among the 24 backgrounds ranged from 1.3 to 3.1 mg g -1 in 2001 and 0.4 to 1.3 mg g -1 in 2002. Selection in the DP system appears to offer equal or slightly less fall forage biomass without greatly changing forage total N and nitrate concentrations.
Hla-B alleles and lamotrigine-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions in the Han Chinese population.

Lamotrigine (LTG) is a commonly used antiepileptic drug. However, the use of LTG is limited because of its cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) ranging from mild maculopapular eruption (MPE) to severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). A strong association between HLA-B*1502 and carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN has been identified in Chinese and Thai. Although three of seven cases with HLA-B*1502 have been reported in LTG-induced SJS/TEN so far, the relationship between HLA-B*1502 and LTG-induced SJS/TEN needs further investigation. It is also unclear whether there is a specific genetic marker associated with LTG-induced MPE in Chinese. In this study, we genotyped 43 Han Chinese patients treated with LTG (14 cases with LTG-induced cADRs and 29 LTG-tolerant controls), using PCR-SSP for HLA-B*1502 testing and low-resolution genotyping, as well as sequencing for four-digit genotyping. The two cases with SJS were negative for HLA-B*1502, with B1301/1301 and 4601/5610, respectively. Combining the data with previous studies, there was no significant difference in the frequency of subjects with HLA-B*1502 between the LTG-induced SJS/TEN group and the LTG-tolerant group (p = 0.08, OR 4.23, 95% CI 0.94-18.97). In the MPE group, only one was positive for HLA-B*1502. There was no significant difference in the frequency of a specific HLA-B allele between the MPE group and the LTG-tolerant group either. In this study, no significant association between HLA-B*1502 and LTG-induced SJS or MPE was found. Given the small sample size and only HLA-B locus genotyping, further large-scale studies are required to explore genetic associations with LTG-induced cADRs.
Crystal structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophytochrome: Photoconversion and signal transduction

Phytochromes are red-light photoreceptors that regulate light responses in plants, fungi, and bacteria via reversible photoconversion between red (Pr) and far-red (Pfr) light-absorbing states. Here we report the crystal structure at 2.9 Å resolution of a bacteriophytochrome from Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an intact, fully photoactive photosensory core domain in its dark-adapted Pfr state. This structure reveals how unusual interdomain interactions, including a knot and an “arm” structure near the chromophore site, bring together the PAS (Per-ARNT-Sim), GAF (cGMP phosphodiesterase/adenyl cyclase/FhlA), and PHY (phytochrome) domains to achieve Pr/Pfr photoconversion. The PAS, GAF, and PHY domains have topologic elements in common and may have a single evolutionary origin. We identify key interactions that stabilize the chromophore in the Pfr state and provide structural and mutational evidence to support the essential role of the PHY domain in efficient Pr/Pfr photoconversion. We also identify a pair of conserved residues that may undergo concerted conformational changes during photoconversion. Modeling of the full-length bacteriophytochrome structure, including its output histidine kinase domain, suggests how local structural changes originating in the photosensory domain modulate interactions between long, cross-domain signaling helices at the dimer interface and are transmitted to the spatially distant effector domain, thereby regulating its histidine kinase activity.
Self-awareness in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder

The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate aspects of self-awareness in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Given widely accepted assumptions that “the self” is not a unitary construct, but is instead multifaceted, this thesis explored the extent to which impairments in self-awareness may be “domain-specific”. The nine experimental tasks reported in this thesis explored several aspects of self-awareness in children and adults with ASD, including awareness of the physical self, conceptual self, and mental self. Overall, the results of these studies suggest that individuals with ASD demonstrate selective impairments in only some aspects of self-awareness. It is suggested that the pattern of results reported in this thesis best support the suggestion that physical self-awareness is intact in individuals with ASD, whilst psychological self- awareness is impaired. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings for our current understanding of self-awareness in autism spectrum disorder, and self- awareness in typical development, are discussed.
Parental Overprotection and Metacognitions as Predictors of Worry and Anxiety

Background: Parental overprotection may have a direct effect on worry through hindering children's exploration experiences and preventing the learning of action-oriented coping strategies (Cheron, Ehrenreich and Pincus, 2009; Nolen-Hoeksema, Wolfson, Mumme and Guskin, 1995) and an indirect effect through fostering the development of maladaptive metacognitions that are associated with the activation of worry and the escalation of anxiety (Wells, 2000). Aim: The aim was to investigate the relative contribution of recalled parental overprotection in childhood and metacognitions in predicting current levels of worry. Method: A community sample (n = 301) was administered four self-report instruments to assess parental overprotection, metacognitions, anxiety and worry. Results: Metacognitions were found to predict levels of worry independently of gender, anxiety and parental overprotection. They were also found to predict anxiety independently of gender, worry and parental overprotection. Conclusions: The combination of a family environment perceived to be characterized by overprotection and high levels of maladaptive metacognitions are a risk factor for the development of worry.
Linking the Positivity Effect in Attention with Affective Outcomes: Age Group Differences and the Role of Arousal

Despite its assumed importance for emotional well-being, studies investigating the positivity effect (PE) in older adults’ information processing rarely tested its relationship with immediate or general affective outcome measures like emotional reactivity or emotional well-being. Moreover, the arousal level of the to-be-processed emotional stimuli has rarely been taken into account as a moderator for the occurrence of the PE and its relationship with affective outcomes. Age group differences (young vs. old) in attention (i.e., fixation durations using eye tracking) and subjective emotional reactions (i.e., pleasantness ratings) were investigated in response to picture stimuli systematically varied in valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal (low vs. high). We examined whether there is a link between age group differences in fixation durations and affective outcomes (i.e., subjective emotional reactions as well as emotional well-being). Older compared to young adults fixated less on the most emotional part in negative but not in positive low-arousing pictures. This age difference did not occur under high arousal. While age group differences in fixation duration did not translate into age group differences in subjective emotional reactions, we found a positive relationship between fixation duration on negative low-arousing pictures and emotional well-being, i.e., negative affect. The present study replicated the well-known PE in attention and emotional reactivity. In line with the idea that the PE reflects top-down-driven processing of affective information, age group differences in fixation durations decreased under high arousal. The present findings are consistent with the idea that age-related changes in the processing of emotional information support older adults’ general emotional well-being.
Use of Meta-Heuristic Techniques in Rainfall-Runoff Modelling

Each year, extreme floods, which appear to be occurring more frequently in recent years (owing to climate change), lead to enormous economic damage and human suffering around the world. It is therefore imperative to be able to accurately predict both the occurrence time and magnitude of peak discharge in advance of an impending flood event. The use of meta-heuristic techniques in rainfall-runoff modeling is a growing field of endeavor in water resources management. These techniques can be used to calibrate data-driven rainfall-runoff models to improve forecasting accuracies. This Special Issue of the journal Water is designed to fill the analytical void by including papers concerning advances in the contemporary use of meta-heuristic techniques in rainfall-runoff modeling. The information and analyses can contribute to the development and implementation of effective hydrological predictions, and thus, of appropriate precautionary measures.