Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actin-Related Protein 2 (ARP2) and Virus-Induced Filopodia Facilitate Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Spread

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an enveloped RNA virus that is the most important viral cause of acute pediatric lower respiratory tract illness worldwide, and lacks a vaccine or effective antiviral drug. The involvement of host factors in the RSV replicative cycle remains poorly characterized. A genome-wide siRNA screen in human lung epithelial A549 cells identified actin-related protein 2 (ARP2) as a host factor involved in RSV infection. ARP2 knockdown did not reduce RSV entry, and did not markedly reduce gene expression during the first 24 hr of infection, but decreased viral gene expression thereafter, an effect that appeared to be due to inhibition of viral spread to neighboring cells. Consistent with reduced spread, there was a 10-fold reduction in the release of infectious progeny virions in ARP2-depleted cells at 72 hr post-infection. In addition, we found that RSV infection induced filopodia formation and increased cell motility in A549 cells and that this phenotype was ARP2 dependent. Filopodia appeared to shuttle RSV to nearby uninfected cells, facilitating virus spread. Expression of the RSV F protein alone from a plasmid or heterologous viral vector in A549 cells induced filopodia, indicating a new role for the RSV F protein, driving filopodia induction and virus spread. Thus, this study identified roles for ARP2 and filopodia in RSV-induced cell motility, RSV production, and RSV cell-to-cell spread.
Comparing Similarity Measures for Original WSD Lesk Algorithm

| @ | gmail.com, www.gelbukh. com Abstract. There are many similarity measures to determine the similarity relatedness between two words. Measures of similarity or relatedness are used in such applications as word sense disambiguation. One of the methods used to resolve WSD is the Lesk algorithm. The performance of this algorithm is connected with the similarity relatedness between all words in the text, i.e the success rate of WSD should increase as the similarity measure's performance gets better. This paper presents a comparison of several similarity measures applied to WSD using the original Lesk Algorithm.
On disturbance decoupling problem of Boolean control networks

In this paper, the disturbance decoupling problem for Boolean control networks is investigated in a new viewpoint. A new concept called original disturbance decoupling is proposed and necessary and sufficient conditions for the original disturbance decoupling are given. Similarly, an equivalent condition for the s‐step original disturbance decoupling is obtained. Finally, an algorithm and some simulations for an example are provided to validate the obtained theoretical results.
Global and local brand stereotypes: formation, content transfer, and impact

Purpose The dominant paradigm in international branding research treats perceived brand globalness (PBG) and localness (PBL) as attributes algebraically participating in brand assessment and disregards the perception of brands as humanlike entities actively embedded in consumers’ social environments. Challenging this view and drawing from stereotype theory, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that PBG/PBL trigger the categorization of products under the superordinate mental categories of global/local brands which carry distinct stereotypical content. Such content transfers to every individual product for which category membership is established and shapes brand responses. Design/methodology/approach One experimental study (Study1, n=134) tests the process of global/local brand stereotype formation, identification and content transfer. Subsequently, two consumer surveys test the impact of brand stereotypes on brand approach/avoidance tendencies (Study2, n=328) and consumer–brand relationships (Study3, n=273). Data were analyzed with experimental techniques and structural equation modeling. Findings The findings suggest that upon categorization under the global or local brand class, individual brands are charged with the stereotypical content of the class. Global brands are predominantly stereotyped as competent while local brands are predominantly stereotyped as warm. Localness-induced warmth has uniformly positive effects, whereas globalness-induced competence acts as a double-edged sword which can both help and harm the brand. Originality/value This research contributes by proposing a novel conceptualization of global and local brands as groups of intentional marketplace agents stereotyped along their intentions and abilities, empirically establishing the process through which individual brands are assigned stereotypical judgments and demonstrating how these judgments impact critical brand outcomes and consumer–brand relationships.
Spending-Based Austerity Measures and Their Effects on Output and Unemployment

We compare the output and unemployment effects of fiscal adjustments in different types of government outlays in the US, Canada, Japan, and the UK. We identify shocks in government consumption, investment, vacancies and government wages in a SVAR using sign restrictions extracted from a New-Keynesian model with matching frictions in the private and public sector, endogenous labor force participation and heterogeneous unemployed jobseekers. Government vacancy cuts are associated with the highest output losses and the lowest gains in terms of deficit reductions. This is because such shocks generate an additional wealth effect: they induce a fall in the number of working members of the household that leads to a fall in private consumption and investment demand. On the other hand, government wage cuts are the least destructive device for cutting the budget.
Traffic Forecasting for King Fahd Causeway: Comparison of Parametric Technique with Artificial Neural Networks

Traffic prediction involves forecasting traffic in terms of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT), Design Hour Volumes (DHV) and Directional Design Hour Volumes (DDHV). These forecasts are used for a wide variety of purposes from the planning to the design and operational stages of the highway network. The forecasting needs the historical traffic data as well as the systems characteristics, apart from that choice of an appropriate model or technique is also an important consideration. This paper gives an overview of the traffic forecasting process and the models that are used for this purpose with emphasis on the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and other modern techniques. ANNs are being compared with the traditional Parametric techniques used in this regard by applying linear regression analysis and ANNs for daily traffic forecasting on King Fahd causeway. It was observed from the estimated error values of both techniques that ANNs have better accuracy than linear regression technique for predicting daily traffic. Keywords— Traffic Forecasting, Artificial Neural Networks, Linear Regression
When to walk away: The effect of variability on keeping options viable

In this work we explore a variant of a classic explore/exploit dilemma based on a recent study by Shin and Ariely (2004). We presented participants with a scenario in which they were forced to explore among 9 different options of unknown value; for some, options left unexplored long enough disappeared. Contrary to expectations, the mere presence of additional options did not substantially increase people’s ability to walk away from them. However, when options differed in value, people were able to locate the more valuable options and became much more willing to walk away from at least a few. Finally, our analysis of individual differences revealed that while people differ greatly in the strategies they approach the task with, almost every participant showed an “explore to exploit” shift over time.
Locomotion of articulated bodies in an ideal fluid: 2d model with buoyancy, circulation and collisions

Articulated solid bodies (ASB) is a basic model for the study of shape-changing underwater vehicles made of rigid parts linked together by pivoting joints. In this paper we study the locomotion of such swimming mechanisms in an ideal fluid. Our study ranges over a wide class of problems: several ASBs can be involved (without being hydrodynamically decoupled), the fluid-bodies system can be partially or totally confined and fluid circulation, buoyancy force and possible collisions between bodies are taken into account. We derive the Euler–Lagrange equation governing the dynamics of the system, study its well-posedness and describe a numerical scheme implemented in a Matlab toolbox (Biohydrodynamics Toolbox).
Biracial American Colorism: Passing for White

Biracial Americans constitute a larger portion of the U.S. population than is often acknowledged. According to the U.S. Census, 8.4 million people or 2.6% of the population identified with two or more racial origins in 2016. Arguably, these numbers are misleading considering extensive occurrences of interracial pairings between Whites and minority racial groups throughout U.S. history. Many theorists posit that the hypodescent principle of colorism, colloquially known as “the one drop rule,” has influenced American racial socialization in such a way that numerous individuals primarily identify with one racial group despite having parents from two different racial backgrounds. While much of social science literature examines the racial identification processes of biracial Americans who identify with their minority heritage, this article focuses on contextual factors such as family income, neighborhood, religion, and gender that influence the decision for otherwise African/Asian/Latino/Native Americans to identify as White.
Effects of the Particulate Matter2.5 (PM2.5) on Lipoprotein Metabolism, Uptake and Degradation, and Embryo Toxicity

Particulate matter2.5 (PM2.5) is notorious for its strong toxic effects on the cardiovascular, skin, nervous, and reproduction systems. However, the molecular mechanism by which PM2.5 aggravates disease progression is poorly understood, especially in a water-soluble state. In the current study, we investigated the putative physiological effects of aqueous PM2.5 solution on lipoprotein metabolism. Collected PM2.5 from Seoul, Korea was dissolved in water, and the water extract (final 3 and 30 ppm) was treated to human serum lipoproteins, macrophages, and dermal cells. PM2.5 extract resulted in degradation and aggregation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL); apoA-I in HDL aggregated and apo-B in LDL disappeared. PM2.5 treatment (final 30 ppm) also induced cellular uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) into macrophages, especially in the presence of fructose (final 50 mM). Uptake of oxLDL along with production of reactive oxygen species was accelerated by PM2.5 solution in a dose-dependent manner. Further, PM2.5 solution caused cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblast cells. Microinjection of PM2.5 solution into zebrafish embryos induced severe mortality accompanied by impairment of skeletal development. In conclusion, water extract of PM2.5 induced oxidative stress as a precursor to cardiovascular toxicity, skin cell senescence, and embryonic toxicity via aggregation and proteolytic degradation of serum lipoproteins.
Labour mobility, skill-relatedness and new plant survival across different development stages of an industry

Labour mobility is often considered a crucial factor for regional development. However, labour mobility is not good per se for local firms. There is increasing evidence that labour recruited from skill-related industries has a positive effect on plant performance, in contrast to intra-industry labour recruits. However, little is known about which types of labour are recruited in different stages of the evolution of an industry, and whether that matters for plant performance. This paper attempts to fill these gaps in the literature using linked employee–employer data at the plant level for manufacturing and services industries in the Netherlands for the period 2001–2009. Our study focuses on the effects of different types of labour recruits on the survival of new plants. We show that the effects of labour recruits from the same industry and from skill-related and unrelated industries on plant survival vary between different stages of the evolution of an industry. We also find that inter-regional labour flows do not affect new plant survival. JEL classification: R11, R12, O18
Perbandingan pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap return on asset (ROA) pada bank umum konvensional dan bank umum syariah

Penelitian ini menjelaskan hasil dari studi yang menganalisis mengenai Perbandingan Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) Pada Bank Umum Konvensional dan Bank Umum Syariah Periode 2011-2015 dengan menggunakan variabel yang digunakan adalah ROA, NPF/NPL, CAR, BOPO dan FDR/ LDR, sampel penelitian yaitu 2 Bank Umum Syariah (BNI Syariah dan Bank Syariah Mandiri)dan 2 Bank Umum Konvensional (BNI dan Bank Mandiri) Metode Analisis yang digunakan menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda, Uji Statitik yaitu koefisien determinasi, uji statistik t, uji simultan F dan Asumsi Klasik melalui uji normalitas, uji heteroskedastisitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji autokorelasi serta uji Independent Sampel T-test. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa variabel NPL/NPF berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap ROA pada BNI dan Bank Syariah Mandiri, NPL/NPF berpengaruh positif terhadap ROA pada Bank Mandiri tidak signifikan dan BNI Syariah signifikan. variabel CAR berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada BNI tetapi tidak signifikan pada Bank Mandiri dan BNI Syariah sedangkan pada Bank Syariah Mandiri berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan. BOPO berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ROA. FDR/ LDR berpengaruh negatif signifikan pada Bank Mandiri dan BNI Syariah tetapi tidak signifikan sedangkan berpenguh positif dan signifikan pada BNI dan Bank Syariah Mandiri. Serta pada uji Independent sampel t-test Bank Umum Syariah lebih besar daripada Bank Umum Konvensional yaitu rasio NPL/NPF, BOPO, LDR/FDR, Sedangkan Bank Umum Konvensional lebih besar dibandingkan Bank Umum Syariah pada rasio ROA dan CAR.
A Financial Systemic Stress Index for Greece

The paper develops a financial systemic stress index (FSSI) for Greece. We present a methodology for constructing and evaluating a systemic stress index which: i) adopts the suggestion of Hollo et al. (2012) [Hollo, Kremer, and Duca (2012) “CISS – A ‘Composite Indicator of Systemic Stress’ in the Financial System” ECB Working Paper 1426] to incorporate time-varying correlations between different market segments, and uses a multivariate GARCH approach which is able to capture abrupt changes in correlations; ii) utilizes both market and balance sheet data; and iii) evaluates the FSSI utilizing the results of a survey, conducted among financial experts, in order to construct a benchmark chronology of financial crises for Greece, which in turn is used to investigate whether changes in the FSSI are good indicators for financial crises. The results show that the FSSI is able to provide a precise periodization of crises.
A Natural Product from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et Zucc. Promotes Tat-Dependent HIV Latency Reversal through Triggering P-TEFb’s Release from 7SK snRNP

The latent reservoirs of HIV represent a major impediment to eradication of HIV/AIDS. To overcome this problem, agents that can activate latent HIV proviruses have been actively sought after, as they can potentially be used in combination with the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to eliminate the latent reservoirs. Although several chemical compounds have been shown to activate latency, they are of limited use due to high toxicity and poor clinical outcomes. In an attempt to identify natural products as effective latency activators from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs that have long been widely used in human population, we have isolated procyanidin C-13,3',3"-tri-O-gallate (named as REJ-C1G3) from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. , that can activate HIV in latently infected Jurkat T cells. REJ-C1G3 preferentially stimulates HIV transcription in a process that depends on the viral encoded Tat protein and acts synergistically with prostratin (an activator of the NF-κB pathway) or JQ1 (an inhibitor of Brd4) to activate HIV latency. Our mechanistic analyses further show that REJ-C1G3 accomplishes these tasks by inducing the release of P-TEFb, a host cofactor essential for Tat-activation of HIV transcription, from the cellular P-TEFb reservoir 7SK snRNP.
Volatile Spray and Wait Routing in Delay Tolerant Network

Delay Tolerant Network is wireless disconnection network where delays take place frequently and where end-to-end connectivity does not exist. Many of the protocols are blindly forward messages due to lack of knowledge so efficiency of the node decreases. To achieve efficient routing, in this paper we propose the two volatile phase spray and wait routing strategy using different aspects like meeting time, buffer time, schedule energy and TTL. In addition, we compare our strategy with shall also other strategies through Opportunistic Network Environment Simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed volatile spray and wait strategy performs better than that of others.
Longitudinal Serum Creatinine Levels in Relation to Graft Loss Following Renal Transplantation: Robust Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Measurements and Survival Time Data

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal transplantation has become the treatment modality of choice for the majority of patients with ESRD. It is therefore necessary to monitor the disease progression of patients who have undergone renal transplantation. In order to monitor the disease progression, the continuous assessment of kidney function over time is considered. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the etiological role of recipient characteristics in serum creatinine changes within the follow-up period and in relation to the graft failure risk, as well as to evaluate whether or not the serum creatinine level represents an indicator of graft failure following renal transplantation. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the department of nephrology, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, between April 2005 and December 2008. The study involved 413 renal transplantation patients. The primary outcomes were the determination of the serum creatinine levels at each attendance and the time to graft failure. Robust joint modeling of the longitudinal measurements (serum creatinine level) and time-to-event data (time to graft failure) were used for the analysis in the presence of outliers in the serum creatinine levels. The data analysis was implemented in WinBUGS 1.4. 3. Results There was a positive association between the serum creatinine level and graft failure (HR = 5.13, P < 0.001). A one unit increase in the serum creatinine level suggests an increased risk of graft failure of up to 5.13 times. The serum creatinine level significantly decreased over time (95% CI: (-1.58, -1.08)). The recipient’s age was negatively associated with the serum creatinine level (95% CI: (-0.02, -0.001)). Conclusions Graft failure is more likely to occur in patients with higher serum creatinine levels.
A Quantile Regression Analysis of Cognitive Ability and Spelling Predictors of Written Expression: Evidence of Gender, Age, and Skill Level Moderation

Abstract Cognitive ability and spelling predictors of written expression were examined between gender groups as well as across age and writing skill levels using quantile regression with the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children–Second Edition and the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement–Second Edition conormed standardization sample data (N = 2,117). Quantile regression is an analytic tool that allows for examination of predictors at different levels of the achievement distribution. Spelling predicted differing levels of writing competency for both genders. For girls, retrieval fluency and crystallized ability predicted lower and higher levels of writing competency, respectively. From a bifactor model interpretation, general intelligence was the largest and most consistent predictor of writing competency. Using a higher order model interpretation, learning efficiency predicted lower to average writing competency for girls, whereas for boys, visual processing predicted all levels of writing competency, and retrieval fluency predicted average to higher levels of writing competency. Although results are preliminary, researchers and practitioners are encouraged to consider that predictors of writing competency may differ markedly in strength across the continuum of writing achievement.
Overview on energy detection based spectral estimation approaches in communication systems

The process of spectrum sensing is an essential task in various applications concerning modern communication systems. The hottest topic at the moment is related to cognitive radio applications, where the spectrum around a mobile user equipment (UE) is sensed to discover free portions of frequency, which could be used ulterioly. As long as primary users are not using the spectrum, secondary users can use it. The overall spectrum usage can therefore be optimzed based on the dynamic allocation of the spectrum. Furthermore, different software defined radio related applications might be enabled by gaining knowledge of the instantaneous spectrum allocation. For example, for mobile UEs a careful power management is essential. Despite this fact, quite an amount of energy is wasted in today's UEs' analogue (AFE) and digital frontends (DFE). The latter are engineered for extracting the wanted signal from a spectral environment defined in the corresponding communication standards with their extremely tough requirements. These requirements define a worst case scenario still ensuring reliable communication. In a typical receiving process the actual requirements can be considered as less critical. Knowledge about the actual environmental spectral conditions allows to reconfigure both frontends to the actual needs and to save energy. In this paper we give an overview on recent advances in low complex spectrum sensing approaches used for the described tasks, focusing on energy detection based methods.