Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Money Is Not Everything and That’s the Bottom Line”

This article highlights and fills gaps in research on migrant elites, traditionally defined as highly educated or professional migrants. The research on elite migrants has often suffered from methodological individualism: elite migrants are depicted as male professionals who shuttle from one work assignment or country to another, unrestricted by family relationships or national borders. My research shows the important role of marriage and family ties in life decisions of elite migrants, who in migration statistics and scholarly discussions appear merely as professionals, highly educated persons, or students. I also contribute to the recent literature that challenges the common assumption that migration is a unidirectional movement from one place to another initiated by a single motive, work or family. My research shows that in reality, for both women and men, multiple motives and multidirectional movements are often involved. Furthermore, my research highlights how elite migrants’ high social status does not necessarily guarantee privileged treatment by the host society or that elite migrants feel a part of the society in which they live. I use international marriages between Finns and Americans in Finland and the United States as a case study. I base my analysis on the 74 interviews that I conducted with American migrants and their Finnish spouses living in the capital region of Finland, in or near Helsinki, and with Finnish migrants married to US citizens and living in the state of Minnesota. In addition, I use responses to an online survey of American-born people who were living in Finland in 2008. I received 106 responses to the survey.
Realizing Small Tournaments Through Few Permutations

Every tournament on 7 vertices is the majority relation of a 3-permutation profile, and there exist tournaments on 8 vertices that do not have this property. Furthermore every tournament on 8 or 9 vertices is the majority relation of a 5-permutation profile. Keywords: voting systems, digraph realization, extremal combinatorics.
Defective recognition of familiar people

Abstract Although they cannot recognise people from their faces, prosopagnosic patients are frequently able to identify people from their voices or clothing. They can also retrieve information about these people in response to their name (e.g. De Haan, Young, & Newcombe, 1987). In contrast, we present details of a patient, BD, who, following herpes simplex encephalitis, has difficulty in identifying people from their face, their name, and their voice. This seems to be a form of semantic memory impairment, and for BD it appears in the context of a more general impairment of knowledge of living things. In learning tasks similar to those used by De Haan et al. (1987) and Kapur, Heath, Meudell, and Kennedy (1986), however, BD shows evidence of preserved access to information concerning people that he does not recognise from their face or name. The pattern of preserved access that is revealed is more extensive than that shown by De Haan et al.'s prosopagnosic patient PH. BD shows covert knowledge of the politi.
Pretreatment with VEGF(R)-inhibitors reduces interstitial fluid pressure, increases intraperitoneal chemotherapy drug penetration, and impedes tumor growth in a mouse colorectal carcinomatosis model

Cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) is currently the standard treatment for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer. However, especially after incomplete cytoreduction, disease progression is common and this is likely due to limited tissue penetration and efficacy of intraperitoneal cytotoxic drugs. Tumor microenvironment-targeting drugs, such as VEGF(R) and PDGFR inhibitors, can lower the heightened interstitial fluid pressure in tumors, a barrier to drug delivery. Here, we investigated whether tumor microenvironment-targeting drugs enhance the effectiveness of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. A mouse xenograft model with two large peritoneal implants of colorectal cancer cells was developed to study drug distribution and tumor physiology during intraperitoneal Oxaliplatin perfusion. Mice were treated for six days with either Placebo, Imatinib (anti-PDGFR, daily), Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF, twice) or Pazopanib (anti-PDGFR, -VEGFR; daily) followed by intraperitoneal oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Bevacizumab and Pazopanib significantly lowered interstitial fluid pressure, increased Oxaliplatin penetration (assessed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) and delayed tumor growth of peritoneal implants (assessed by MRI). Our findings suggest that VEGF(R)-inhibition may improve the efficacy of IPC, particularly for patients for whom a complete cytoreduction might not be feasible.
The use of portfolios as a reflective learning tool in initial teacher education: a Maltese case study

The paper explores the use of portfolios as a reflective learning tool in initial teacher education using qualitative case study data from Malta. In January 2001, the Faculty of Education, University of Malta, introduced the professional development portfolio (PDP). The aim of the study was to explore whether student teachers used their PDP as a reflective learning tool and what they learnt from the process of developing their PDP. The study shows that for the Maltese student teachers the PDP did help them to reflect on their practice and grow and develop a sense of identity of who they were as teachers. However, they were also very aware that their PDP would be used for employment purposes. The tension between the formative and summative aspects of the PDP was resolved by carrying out small group tutorial sessions during which student teachers could voice their views, share experiences and obtain feedback in a non‐threatening environment. The learning which took place during these tutorial sessions was then used to develop a final presentation document.
Gene Expression Patterns Associated With Histopathology in Toxic Liver Fibrosis.

Toxic industrial chemicals induce liver injury, which is difficult to diagnose without invasive procedures. Identifying indicators of end organ injury can complement exposure-based assays and improve predictive power. A multiplexed approach was used to experimentally evaluate a panel of 67 genes predicted to be associated with the fibrosis pathology by computationally mining DrugMatrix, a publicly available repository of gene microarray data. Five-day oral gavage studies in male Sprague Dawley rats dosed with varying concentrations of 3 fibrogenic compounds (allyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, and 4,4'-methylenedianiline) and 2 nonfibrogenic compounds (bromobenzene and dexamethasone) were conducted. Fibrosis was definitively diagnosed by histopathology. The 67-plex gene panel accurately diagnosed fibrosis in both microarray and multiplexed-gene expression assays. Necrosis and inflammatory infiltration were comorbid with fibrosis. ANOVA with contrasts identified that 51 of the 67 predicted genes were significantly associated with the fibrosis phenotype, with 24 of these specific to fibrosis alone. The protein product of the gene most strongly correlated with the fibrosis phenotype PCOLCE (Procollagen C-Endopeptidase Enhancer) was dose-dependently elevated in plasma from animals administered fibrogenic chemicals (P < .05). Semiquantitative global mass spectrometry analysis of the plasma identified an additional 5 protein products of the gene panel which increased after fibrogenic toxicant administration: fibronectin, ceruloplasmin, vitronectin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein, and α2-macroglobulin. These results support the data mining approach for identifying gene and/or protein panels for assessing liver injury and may suggest bridging biomarkers for molecular mediators linked to histopathology.
Generalized Uncertainty Relations,Fundamental Length and Density Matrix

It was shown that if in Quantum Theory a fundamental length exists and a well-known measurement procedure is used, then the density matrix at the Planck scale cannot be defined in the usual way, because in this case density matrix trace is strongly less than one. Density matrix must be changed by a progenitrix or as we call it throughout this paper, density pro-matrix. This pro-matrix is a deformed density matrix, which at low energy limit turns to usual one. Below the explicit form of the deformation is described. Implications of obtained results are summarized as well as their application to the interpretation of Information Paradox on the Black Holes.
Constructing the Rights of Nature: Constitutional Reform, Mobilization, and Environmental Protection in Ecuador

In 2008, Ecuador became the first country to grant legal rights to nature. In this article, I examine how this happened. I show that while proponents of nature's rights acted during a key political moment, their efforts were successful due to the presence of environmentalist social movements that elevated the environmental agenda at the national level during prior decades, and due to the power of indigenous organizations and their call to recognize Ecuador as a “plurinational” polity, demanding respect for indigenous territories and ways of life and incorporating politicized versions of indigenous beliefs about the environment. The study considers the consequences of mobilization for legal innovation and institutional change, and shows the complexity of struggles over the environment in the global South. It is based on research at the Ecuadorian National Legislative Assembly archive, semistructured interviews with respondents involved in the politics of nature and the constitutional assembly, and secondary historical sources.
Emotion Modulation of Visual Attention: Categorical and Temporal Characteristics

Background Experimental research has shown that emotional stimuli can either enhance or impair attentional performance. However, the relative effects of specific emotional stimuli and the specific time course of these differential effects are unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings In the present study, participants (n = 50) searched for a single target within a rapid serial visual presentation of images. Irrelevant fear, disgust, erotic or neutral images preceded the target by two, four, six, or eight items. At lag 2, erotic images induced the greatest deficits in subsequent target processing compared to other images, consistent with a large emotional attentional blink. Fear and disgust images also produced a larger attentional blinks at lag 2 than neutral images. Erotic, fear, and disgust images continued to induce greater deficits than neutral images at lag 4 and 6. However, target processing deficits induced by erotic, fear, and disgust images at intermediate lags (lag 4 and 6) did not consistently differ from each other. In contrast to performance at lag 2, 4, and 6, enhancement in target processing for emotional stimuli was observed in comparison to neutral stimuli at lag 8. Conclusions/Significance These findings suggest that task-irrelevant emotion information, particularly erotica, impairs intentional allocation of attention at early temporal stages, but at later temporal stages, emotional stimuli can have an enhancing effect on directed attention. These data suggest that the effects of emotional stimuli on attention can be both positive and negative depending upon temporal factors.
Perspectives of Academic Social Scientists on Knowledge Transfer and Research Collaborations: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Australian Academics.

This paper reports results from a survey of academic social scientists in Australian universities on their research engagement experience with industry and government partners and end-users of research. The results highlight that while academics report a range of benefits arising from research collaborations,there are also significant impediments to research translation and uptake, including organisational processes within universities. Using the scale of research utilisation, we examine research transfer and uptake and explore a range of variables to understand factors influencing the use of academic social science research by policy makers and practitioners.
Testing relations between group cohesion and satisfaction in project teams: A cross-level and cross-lagged approach

Based on a two-dimensional perspective of group cohesion, this study examines the emergence of task cohesion and interpersonal cohesion in project teams and their roles in changes in members’ individual satisfaction with the team. Specifically, we tested a direct-effect and mediation model of the cross-level relationship between team task and interpersonal cohesion and individual satisfaction with the team over time. With a sample of 74 newly created project teams, the hypotheses were tested using a two-wave panel design. Results indicate that task cohesion emerges more strongly than interpersonal cohesion during the first stages of work in project teams. Moreover, the cross-lagged relationship between team interpersonal cohesion and individual satisfaction with the team was mediated by team task cohesion.
Developmental Cell/Molecular Biologic Approach to the Etiology and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

We have taken a basic biologic approach to elucidate the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the chronic lung disease of prematurity, based on cell/molecular mechanisms of physiologic lung development. Stretch coordinates parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) signaling between the alveolar type II cell and the mesoderm to coordinately up-regulate key genes for the homeostatic fibroblast phenotype- including peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), adipocyte differentiation related protein (ADRP), and leptin- and the retrograde stimulation of type II cell surfactant synthesis by leptin. Each of these paracrine interactions requires cell-specific receptors on adjacent cells derived from the mesoderm or endoderm, respectively, to serially up-regulate the signaling pathways between and within each cell-type. It is this functional compartmentation that is key to understanding how specific agonists and antagonists can predictably affect this mechanism of alveolar homeostasis. Using a wide variety of pathophysiologic insults associated with BPD- barotrauma, oxotrauma, and infection, we have found that there are type II cell and/or fibroblast cell/molecular effects generated by these insults, which can lead to the BPD phenotype. We have exploited these cell-specific mechanisms to effectively prevent and treat lung injuries using PPARγ agonists to sustain this signaling pathway. It is critically important to judiciously select physiologically and developmentally relevant interventions when treating the preterm neonate.
Neurotransmitters' Activity and Pharmacotherapies: From Decision Making Process to Juridical Implications

Neurotransmitters’ activity, pharmacotherapies, pathological status and the possible interactions between them might influence the neural functions of the brain regions involved in the decision making process. Therefore, we should consider that under certain circumstances, the decision making ability and eventually the behavior might be affected if the individual is for example either under the influence of pharmakons or suffering from neurological disorders. Thus, during legal trials implicating this individual, such approach may have an impact on the juridical decisions or verdicts, especially if it is supported by experts’ opinions on related fields such as pharmacology, toxicology, psychiatry and neuropsychology.
Does the SES of the School Matter? An Examination of Socioeconomic Status and Student Achievement Using PISA 2003

Background/Context It is well established in the research literature that socioeconomically disadvantaged students and schools do less well on standardized measures of academic achievement compared with their more advantaged peers. Although studies in numerous countries have shown that the socioeconomic profile of a school is strongly correlated with student outcomes, less is understood about how the relationship may vary if both individual student and school socioeconomic status (SES) are disaggregated. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This study examines the relationship between school SES and student outcomes in more detail by asking two research questions. First, how does the association vary for students of different socioeconomic backgrounds? In other words, is the association stronger for students from lower SES backgrounds than for students from higher SES backgrounds? Second, how does the association vary across schools with different socioeconomic compositions? In other words, are increases in school socioeconomic composition consistently associated with increases in student academic achievement? Population/Participants/Subjects This study uses data from the Australian 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The sample includes over 320 secondary schools and more than 12,000 students from Australia. Research Design This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Australian 2003 PISA. Descriptive statistics are used to compare the average reading, mathematics, and science achievement of secondary school students from different SES backgrounds in a variety of school SES contexts. Conclusions The two main findings of the study are that increases in the mean SES of a school are associated with consistent increases in students’ academic achievement, and that this relationship is similar for all students regardless of their individual SES. In the Australian case, the socio-economic composition of the school matters greatly in terms of students’ academic performance.
Instruction-level power estimation for embedded VLIW cores

In this paper, a power estimation methodology operating at the instruction-level is proposed. The methodology is tightly related to the characteristics of the system architecture, mainly in terms of one or more target processors, the memory sub-system, the system-level buses and the coprocessors. In this system-level framework, our main goal is to define a power model for CPU cores at the instruction level. First, the proposed power model deals with a general five-stage pipeline processor architecture, then, the model is extended to VLIW processors. The derivation of a VLIW instruction-level power model results to be intractable from the point of view of spatial complexity (which grows exponentially w.r.t. the number of possible operations in the ISA). In order to tackle this complexity, a new kind of simplification, based on the original concept of separability of processor functional units, is introduced. The proposed system-level methodology is the first step toward a more general framework to support the design of power-oriented applications through hardware/software co-design.
How Can Online Schedules Improve Communication and Estimation Tradeoff?

We consider remote state estimation and investigate the tradeoff between the sensor-to-estimator communication rate and the remote estimation quality. It is well known that if the communication rate is one, e.g., the sensor communicates with the remote estimator at each time, then the remote estimation quality is the best. It degrades when the communication rate drops. We present one optimal offline schedule and two online schedules and show that the two online schedules provide better tradeoff between the communication rate and the estimation quality than the optimal offline schedule. Simulation examples demonstrate that significant communication savings can be achieved under the two online schedules which only introduce small increment of the estimation errors.
Confounds and Consequences in Geotagged Twitter Data

Twitter is often used in quantitative studies that identify geographically-preferred topics, writing styles, and entities. These studies rely on either GPS coordinates attached to individual messages, or on the user-supplied location field in each profile. In this paper, we compare these data acquisition techniques and quantify the biases that they introduce; we also measure their effects on linguistic analysis and text-based geolocation. GPS-tagging and self-reported locations yield measurably different corpora, and these linguistic differences are partially attributable to differences in dataset composition by age and gender. Using a latent variable model to induce age and gender, we show how these demographic variables interact with geography to affect language use. We also show that the accuracy of text-based geolocation varies with population demographics, giving the best results for men above the age of 40.
Growth Potential in Relationships: A Promotion-Focus Perspective

Relationship research has long emphasized the importance of felt security for interpersonal wellbeing, but has focused less on how opportunities for growth influence relationship well-being. The present research investigates whether people’s motivational states may influence the extent to which people value growth in their romantic relationships. Drawing on regulatory focus theory, which distinguishes between promotion (concerned with advancement) and prevention (concerned with security) self-regulatory orientations, it was hypothesized that promotionfocused individuals would be more satisfied with relationships that offered greater opportunity for growth than with those that offered greater opportunity for security. In three experimental studies, participants evaluated others’ (Study 1; N = 110) and their own (Study 2; N =141 and 3: N = 103) relationships after we manipulated beliefs about whether those relationships had high or low potential for future growth. Results revealed that promotion-focused participants rated theirs and another person’s relationship more positively when the relationship portrayed high growth potential than when it portrayed low growth potential. These results have meaningful implications for marriage courses and in clinical settings for defense against reinforcement erosion.
Constraining the Distribution of L and T Dwarfs in the Galaxy

We estimate the thin-disk scale height of the Galactic population of L and T dwarfs based on star counts from 15 deep parallel fields from the Hubble Space Telescope. From these observations, we have identified 28 candidate L and T dwarfs based on their i'-z' color and morphology. By comparing these star counts with a simple Galactic model, we estimate the scale height to be 350 ± 50 pc, which is consistent with the increase in vertical scale with decreasing stellar mass and is independent of reddening, color-magnitude limits, and other Galactic parameters. With this refined measure, we predict that less than 109 M☉ of the Milky Way can be in the form of L and T dwarfs and confirm that high-latitude, z ≃ 6 galaxy surveys that use the i'-band dropout technique are 97%-100% free of L and T dwarf interlopers.