Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
File management for HEP data grids

The next generation of high energy physics experiments, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, pose a challenge to current data handling methodologies, where data tends to be centralised in a single location. Data grids, including the LHC Computing Grid (LCG), are being developed to meet this challenge by unifying computing and storage resources from many sites worldwide and distributing data and computing tasks among them. This thesis describes the data management components of LCG and evaluates the performance of the LCG File Catalogue, showing it to be performant and scalable enough to meet the experiments’ needs. File replication can be used to improve a grid’s performance by placing copies of data at strategic locations around the grid. Dynamic file replication, where replicas are created and deleted automatically according to some strategy, may be especially useful and so the grid simulator OptorSim was developed to investigate different replication strategies. Simulation of several grid scenarios, including LCG, shows that relatively simple replication strategies can lead to significant reductions in data access times and improved usage of grid resources, while a more complex economic model may be useful in future.
chronic Anniversary Special Pancreatitis Management of chronic pancreatitis complicated with a bleeding pseudoaneurysm

Chronic pancreatitis is an ongoing disease characterized by persistent inflammation of pancreatic tissues. With disease progression, patients with chronic pancreatitis may develop troublesome complications in ad-dition to exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functional loss. Among them, a pseudoaneurysm, mainly induced by digestive enzyme erosion of vessels in proximity to the pancreas, is a rare and life-threatening complication if bleeding of the pseudoaneurysm occurs. At present, no prospective randomized trials have investi-gated the therapeutic strategy for this rare but critical situation. The role of arterial embolization, the timing of surgical intervention and even surgical procedures are still controversial. In this review, we suggest that dynamic abdominal computed tomography and angiography should be performed first to localize the bleeders and to evaluate the associated complications such as pseudocyst formation, followed by arterial embolization to stop the bleeding and to achieve early stabilization of the patient’s condition. With advances and improvements in endoscopic devices and techniques, therapeutic endoscopy for pancreatic pseudocysts is technically feasible, safe and effective. Surgical intervention is recommended for a bleeding pseudoaneurysm in patients with chronic pancreatitis who are in an unstable condition, for those in whom arterial embolization of the bleeding pseudoaneurysm fails, and when endoscopic management of the pseudocyst is unsuccessful. If a bleeding pseudoaneurysm is located over the tail of the pancreas, resection is a preferential procedure, whereas if the lesion is situated over the head or body of the pancreas, relatively conservative surgical procedures are recommended.
Neuron-specific enolase as an immunocytochemical marker for the diffuse neuroendocrine system in human fetal lung.

The respiratory tract contains all the elements of a diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES), comprising endocrine cells, single or in groups, together with an autonomic nerve supply. Both elements contain regulatory peptides, amines, and other transmitters (Frohlich, 1949; Pearse, 1969; Lauweryns and Peuskens, 1969; Lauweryns et al., 1970; Hage, 1971, 1972, 1973a,b; Pearse, 1974; Cutz et al., 1975; Nilsson et a! ., 1977; Uddman et al., 1978; Wharton et al., 1978; Uddman and Sundler, 1979; Wharton et al., 1979a,b; Becker et al., 1980), confirming the original work of Feyrter ( 1938, 1953) on the so-called clear cells of the lung, which possess the morphological and cytochemical characteristics of the APUD (amine precursor, uptake and decarboxylation) cell series. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is an isoenzyme of the glycolytic enzyme enolase (Bock and Dissing, 1975; Marangos et al., 1978), originally considered to be restricted to neurons (Pickel et al., 1975; Schmechel et al., 1978a), but recently reported in some APUD cells (Schmechel et al., 1978b). We report here the localization in fetal lung of its NSE-positive neuroendocrine components, and their peptide and amine products.
Multimodality in conversational humor

The paper presents the analysis of the humor found in four dyadic conversations. The results of the conversational data match those of previous studies (Pickering et al., 2009): no differences were found in volume or speech-rate between humorous pause units and non-humorous ones. Similarly, pauses were not found to mark humorous turns. However, the result that punch-lines showed lower pitch than non-humorous parts of the text was not replicated: humorous pause units showed no significant differences in pitch from non-humorous ones. Smiling is found to mark humor only in a general sense of “setting the frame” and is not integrated (i.e., co-extensive) with the humor.
Isocurvature baryon perturbations and inflation.

It has been observed that if an extra scalar field (in addition to the inflaton) is present during the inflationary phase, its decay into thermal radiation after baryogenesis gives rise to fluctuations in the initially smooth entropy-per-baryon ratio. There was a hope that these perturbations were of the isocurvature type and that they may help explain several observed features in the large-scale structure of the Universe. We study in detail the generation of perturbations in such a two-field inflationary model. We find that the resulting fluctuations are not of the isocurvature type, but that the entropy perturbation induces a curvature fluctuation which is larger than the entropic one before the wavelengths of the perturbations enter the Hubble radius. Thus, this model is not a good candidate to provide the initial conditions for the baryon isocurvature perturbations.
Pharmaceutical Composition of Hydrochlorothiazide:β-Cyclo-dextrin: Preparation by Three Different Methods, Physico-Chemical Characterization and In Vivo Diuretic Activity Evaluation

Hydrochlorothiazide is a common diuretic antihypertensive drug of the thiazide family. Its poor aqueous solubility is one of the reasons for its limited bioavailability after oral administration. This work aimed at the development of a hydrochlorothiazide:β-cyclodextrin (HTZ:β-CD) pharmaceutical composition in order to improve water solubility and bioavailability of the drug. The HTZ:β-CD complexes were prepared by three different methods: spray-drying, freeze-drying and fluid bed. Complexes were characterized by thermal analysis, Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, NMR (2D-ROESY), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle analysis and intrinsic dissolution. The findings reveal that three binary systems prepared presented better solubility results in comparison with free HTZ. Increased diuretic effect was observed to HTZ:β-CD obtained by fluid bed in comparison to free drug in rats. Results taken together suggest that pharmacological effect of HTZ in complex was increased by solubility improvement promoted by cyclodextrin.
Parallel Segregated Schur Complement Methods for Fluid Density Functional Theories

Numerical formulations of density functional theories for inhomogeneous fluids (fluid-DFTs) require the solution of large systems of equations with many degrees of freedom (DOF) per node on a computational grid. Historically, solvers for these problems have used simple Picard iterations across DOF or, more recently, fully coupled general algebraic techniques. In this paper we look at fluid-DFTs from a fresh perspective, retaining a fully coupled formulation but segregating variables for the purpose of introducing Schur complement formulations and specialized preconditioners. By viewing fluid-DFTs from this perspective, we develop a mathematical framework and a collection of solution algorithms that have a dramatic impact on the robustness, performance, and scalability of the implicit equations generated by fluid-DFTs.
Evaluation of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test for monitoring eradication therapy

OBJECTIVE:We aimed to clarify the time course of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) level during and after eradication therapy and to determine the appropriate time of measurement of HpSA to evaluate eradication.METHODS:The subjects were 47 patients who were positive for H. pylori. The patients underwent a 1-wk regimen of triple therapy. The outcome of the eradication therapy was judged by urea breath test, culture, and histology 6 wk after the end of treatment. The HpSA level was serially measured nine times from before therapy until 12 wk after the end of therapy.RESULTS:In the group with successful eradication, HpSA became negative immediately after the end of therapy and the negativity persisted. In contrast, in the noneradication group HpSA became negative immediately after therapy, but became positive again within 2 wk after the end of therapy. The mean absorbance value of the HpSA test on the 4th day after the initiation of eradication therapy was significantly higher in the noneradication group than in the group with successful eradication. The diagnostic accuracy of the HpSA test increased to ≧90% 2 wk after therapy and thereafter. Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy at 4 wk after the end of therapy showed no significant differences with that at 2, 6, 8, and 12 wk after the end of therapy.CONCLUSIONS:The course of the HpSA levels during and after eradication therapy in patients with successful eradication was quite different from that in noneradication patients. Measurement of HpSA was useful to evaluate eradication, and the appropriate evaluation of the outcome of treatment could be made as early as 2 wk after the end of therapy.
Governance as a conceptual development in the analysis of policy

The current interest among political scientists in collaborative and deliberative ways of governing has emerged as part of a discourse about ‘governance’, originating with claims that the practice of governing is changing, that rule by the application of state power is being transformed into the collaborative accomplishment of order through a process of negotiation among a range of participants, government and non-government, and that consequently, political scientists need a new concept to describe this form of rule. Closer examination suggests that the place of non-government in governing has been long recognised, but under-theorised, and that the use of ‘governance’ reflects less a change in the practice of governing than in the practice of analysis, which now recognizes and labels previously-tacit elements of governing.
Attention and Memory Evaluation Across the Life Span : Heterogeneous Effects of Age and Education

This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. The developmental sequences of attention and memory were studied by utilizing nor-mative data derived from the neuropsychological battery named NEUROPSI ATTENTION AND MEMORY. A sample of 521 Spanish-speaking individuals, aged 6 to 85 years, participated in this study. In the adult sample, educational level ranged from 0 to 22 years of education. Data from subtests measuring orientation, attention and concentration , executive functions, working memory, immediate and delayed verbal memory , and immediate and delayed visual memory were included. The factor structure of the analyzed battery is presented. The effects of age and education on this structure were analyzed. Results suggested that although attention and memory are related, their developmental sequences are separated from one another. During childhood, the development of selective and sustained attention, attentional-working memory, and executive functions showed a fast improvement in performance. Development of verbal memory and place and person orientation showed a slower increment in scores. In the adult sample it was found that factors related to memory are sensitive to age, whereas those related to attention and executive functions are sensitive to education. The consideration of both the developmental sequence, as well as differential effects of education , can improve the sensitivity and specificity of neuropsychological measures, allowing early diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction and implementation of adequate rehabilitation programs.
Positive-Findings Bias in QWL Studies: Rigor and Outcomes in a Large Sample

This report seeks to determine whether the high success rates observed in a large survey of QWL evaluative studies (N = 231) can be substantially explained in terms of the lack of rigor of research methodology and design, as the literature critical of QWL often proposes. This studyfinds statistically significant support for a positive-findings bias hypothesis, but rigor explains less than 7% of the variance in outcomes. This implies only modest supportfor the position that attractive QWL results can be substantially accountedfor by a positive-findings bias.
Measuring the Psychological Outcomes of Falling: A Systematic Review

The objectives were to identify fall‐related psychological outcome measures and to undertake a systematic quality assessment of their key measurement properties. A Cochrane review of fall‐prevention interventions in older adults was used to identify fall‐related psychological measurements. PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were systematically searched to identify instruments not used in trials and papers reporting the methodological quality of relevant measures. Reference lists of articles were searched for additional literature, and researchers were contacted. Two reviewers undertook quality extraction relating to content, population, reliability, validity, responsiveness, practicality, and feasibility. Twenty‐five relevant papers were identified. Twenty‐three measures met the inclusion criteria: six single‐item questions, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), revised FES, modified FES, FES‐UK, Activities‐specific Balance and Confidence Scale (ABC), ABC‐UK, Confidence in maintaining Balance Scale, Mobility Efficacy Scale, adapted FES, amended FES, Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly (SAFFE), University of Illinois at Chicago Fear of Falling Measure, Concern about Falling Scale, Falls Handicap Inventory, modified SAFFE, Consequences of Falling Scale, and Concern about the Consequences of Falling Scale. There is limited evidence about the measurement properties of single‐item measures. Several multiitem measures obtained acceptable reliability and validity, but there is less evidence regarding responsiveness, practicality, and feasibility. Researchers should select measures based on the constructs they intend to study. Further research is needed to establish and compare the instruments' measurement properties.
The effect of depression and anxiety on expression levels of toll like receptor signaling molecules in chronic HBV infected patients

Background: Toll- like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of DAMPs and PAMPs and induction of inflammation. Previous studies demonstrated that depression and anxiety can influence the expression levels of immune related molecules. Our previous study revealed that mRNA levels of IRAKIRAK4, TRAF3 and IRF7 were significantly decreased in chronic HBV infected (CHB) patients when compared to healthy controls. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of depression and anxiety on the expression levels of these molecules in CHB patients. Methods: Sixty CHB patients participated in this study and filled out the standard questionnaires; and the expression of IRAK4, TRAF3 and IRF7 were examined using Real-Time PCR techniques. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that expression of IRAK4, TRAF3 and IRF7 did not differ between patients with various stages of depression and anxiety (all p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that declined expression of IRAK4, TRAF3 and IRF7 in CHB patients were not related to depression and anxiety, and other factors including genetic and immunoregulatory effects of HBV may be responsible for the declined expression of these molecules.
Wall Shear Stress on Ruptured and Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms at the Internal Carotid Artery

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hemodynamics is often recognized as one of the major factors in aneurysm rupture. Flow impingement, greater pressure, and abnormal wall shear stress are all indications for aneurysm rupture. Characterizing wall shear stress for intracranial aneurysms at similar anatomic locations may help in understanding its role. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six intracranial aneurysms at the paraclinoid and superclinoid segments of the internal carotid artery from 25 patients between July 2006 and July 2007 were studied retrospectively. Among them, 8 aneurysms were ruptured and 18 were unruptured. Computational fluid dynamics was used to determine the wall shear distribution. Morphologic and hemodynamic variables was analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney rank sum test. RESULTS: Wall shear stress was qualitatively the same throughout the cardiac cycle; thus, only wall shear stress at the end of diastole was compared. Both ruptured and unruptured aneurysms have similar maximal wall shear stress (26 versus 23 N/m2), and mean wall shear stress is shown to be a function of the aneurysm area. Ruptured aneurysms also have a greater portion of aneurysm under low wall shear stress (27% versus 11% for unruptured aneurysms, P = .03). CONCLUSION: For intracranial aneurysms at the internal carotid artery, an area of low wall shear is associated with aneurysm rupture.
Effect of oil droplet sizes of oil-in-water emulsion on the taste impressions of added tastants

By conducing organoleptic analysis, the authors investigated the effect of oil droplet size on human preference to the taste of oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions to which several tastants were added. Two singly dispersed o/w emulsions, different in oil droplet sizes, consisting of 10% triacilglycerol purified from tuna, sardine or soybean oil, 0.5% emulsifier and water were prepared by ceramic membrane filtration. Organoleptic analysis showed that the impressions of sweetness, bitterness and umami, which were developed by addition of certain taste substances, were different between o/w emulsions with different oil droplet sizes. The results of two-bottle choice tests, which were carried out using olfactory-blocked mice, showed that o/w emulsions with 1.00-μm droplets, with added sweet or bitter substances, were preferred to emulsion with 5.50-μm droplets. These results suggest that the droplet size of o/w emulsion remarkably influences certain taste impressions created by added taste substances.
Lexical and Learning-based Emotion Mining from Text

Emotion mining from text refers to the detection of people’s emotions based on observations of their writings. In this work, we study the problem of text emotion classification. First, we collect and cleanse a corpus of Twitter messages that convey at least one of the targeted emotions, then, we propose several lexical and learning based methods to classify the emotion of test tweets and study the effect of different feature sets. Our experimental results show that a set of Näıve Bayes classifiers, each corresponding to one emotion, using unigrams as features, is the best-performing method for the task. In addition we test our approach on other datasets, Twitter, and formally written texts and show that our approach achieves higher accuracy, compared with state-of-the-art methods working on these corpora.
The spring bloom in the northwestern Sargasso Sea: spatial extent and relationship with winter mixing

The interannual variability of the spatial extent of the spring bloom in the central Sargasso Sea was quantified by remote-sensing approaches. Proxy measurements employing satellite-derived sea-surface temperature and chlorophyll a concentrations were used to estimate the amount of new production derived from inorganic nitrate supplied by convective winter mixing. Nitrate supply and new productivity were estimated from temperature–nitrate and chlorophyll a–euphotic-zone depth relationships derived from in situ measurements made at the US JGOFS Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site near Bermuda (311400 N, 641100 W). Proxy estimates of springtime new production at the BATS latitude fall within the range of previous estimates from geochemical approaches, numerical modeling, and analysis of hydrographic measurements. However, estimates of new production made at BATS are poor predictors of the regional-scale new production due to large interannual differences in the spatial gradients of the controlling factors. Moreover, the BATS latitude is in a region of local maxima of meridional gradients in sea-surface temperature and thereby new production. The BATS site lies in a boundary region between the dynamic, spatially variable and productive northern Sargasso Sea and the spring-bloom-free region of the southern Sargasso. Hence, interpretations of spring bloom-forced regional scale biogeochemical processes from point observations made at BATS should be made with caution. r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. e front matter r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserve r2.2004. 02.001 ng author. Tel: +1-805-893-3202; fax: +1-805ss: norm@icess.ucsb. edu (N.B. Nelson). ress: Division of Ocean Sciences, National tion, Arlington, VA 22223, USA.
Education‐based group identity and consciousness in the authoritarian‐libertarian value conflict

The increasing importance of New Politics or authoritarian-libertarian values to electoral behaviour in advanced Western industrial democracies and the previously documented strong link between such values and educational attainment indicates that, contrary to the claims of some New Politics theorists, the ideological conflict is anchored in the social structure – in particular in educational groups. For this interpretation to be warranted, however, it should be possible to document the existence of education-based group identity and group consciousness related to the value conflict. The article develops indicators of the core variables out of Social Identity Theory. Based on a unique survey from Denmark, which includes the new set of indicators, the analyses show that members of the high and low education groups have developed both group identity and consciousness reflecting a conflict between the groups and that these factors are related to authoritarian-libertarian values. The results are interpreted as reflecting a relationship of dominance, which supports the view that the ideological conflict is structurally anchored.