Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On connectivity for wireless sensor networks localization

Node localization in wireless sensor networks has been a topic of active research in recent years. Network connectivity has been shown to be effective with respect to increasing localization performance via redundant nodes. In this paper, we study the connectivity of wireless sensor networks from a network self-localization prospective. To the best of our knowledge, theoretic analyses of the network connectivity for node self-localization have not been previously studied in the networking literature. Assuming a spatial Poisson distribution of network nodes, we modeled the network as random graph and derived an analytical expression that allows the determination of the localizable probability of any an unknown node for given network density /spl rho/. The problems have also been investigated by simulation in various scenarios. Our results are of practical value for designing sensor network considering of node self-localization.
On the Fairness of Rate Allocation in Gaussian Multiple Access Channel and Broadcast Channel

The capacity region of a channel consists of all achievable rate vectors. Picking a particular point in the capacity region is synonymous with rate allocation. The issue of fairness in rate allocation is addressed in this paper. We review several notions of fairness, including max-min fairness, proportional fairness and Nash bargaining solution. Their efficiencies for general multiuser channels are discussed. We apply these ideas to the Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC) and the Gaussian broadcast channel (BC). We show that in the Gaussian MAC, max-min fairness and proportional fairness coincide. For both Gaussian MAC and BC, we devise efficient algorithms that locate the fair point in the capacity region. Some elementary properties of fair rate allocations are proved.
Species limits in polymorphic mimetic Eniclases net-winged beetles from New Guinean mountains (Coleoptera, Lycidae)

Abstract Species delimitation was compared in a group of closely related lineages of aposematically colored Eniclases (Coleoptera, Lycidae) using morphology, genetic distances, and Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes model. A high diversity of net-winged beetles was found in previously unsampled regions of New Guinea and ten new species are described: Eniclases bicolor sp. n. , Eniclases bokondinensis sp. n. , Eniclases brancuccii sp. n. , Eniclases elelimensis sp. n. , Eniclases infuscatus sp. n. , Eniclases niger sp. n. , Eniclases pseudoapertus sp. n. , Eniclases pseudoluteolus sp. n. , Eniclases tikapurensis sp. n. , and Eniclases variabilis sp. n. Different levels of genetic and morphological diversification were identified in various sister-species pairs. As a result, both morphological and molecular analyses are used to delimit species. Sister-species with uncorrected pairwise genetic divergence as low as 0.45% were morphologically distinct not only in color pattern, but also in the relative size of eyes. Conversely, differences in color pattern regardless of their magnitude did not necessarily indicate genetic distance and intraspecific mimicry polymorphism was common. Additionally, genetic divergence without morphological differentiation was detected in one sister-species pair. Low dispersal propensity, diverse mimicry patterns, and mimetic polymorphism resulted in complex diversification of Eniclases and uncertain species delimitation in recently diversified lineages.
The bulk kinetic power of radio jets in active galactic nuclei

Based on the Konigl's inhomogeneous jet model, we estimate the jet parameters, such as bulk Lorentz factor Gamma, viewing angle theta and electron number density n(e) from radio very long-baseline interferometry and X-ray data for a sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) assuming that the X-rays are from the jet rather than the intracluster gas. The bulk kinetic power of jets is then calculated using the derived jet parameters. We find a strong correlation between the total luminosity of broad emission lines and the bulk kinetic power of the jets. This result supports the scenario that the accretion process is tightly linked with the radio jets, though how the disc and jet are coupled is not revealed by present correlation analysis. Moreover, we find a significant correlation between the bulk kinetic power and radio extended luminosity. This implies that the emission from the radio lobes is closely related with the energy flux transported through jets from the central part of AGNs.
Subunit-Dependent High-Affinity Zinc Inhibition of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), a novel class of ligand-gated cation channels activated by protons, are highly expressed in peripheral sensory and central neurons. Activation of ASICs may play an important role in physiological processes such as nociception, mechanosensation, and learning-memory, and in the pathology of neurological conditions such as brain ischemia. Modulation of the activities of ASICs is expected to have a significant influence on the roles that these channels can play in both physiological and/or pathological processes. Here we show that the divalent cation Zn2+, an endogenous trace element, dose-dependently inhibits ASIC currents in cultured mouse cortical neurons at nanomolar concentrations. With ASICs expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, Zn2+ inhibits currents mediated by homomeric ASIC1a and heteromeric ASIC1a-ASIC2a channels, without affecting currents mediated by homomeric ASIC1β, ASIC2a, or ASIC3. Consistent with ASIC1a-specific modulation, high-affinity Zn2+ inhibition is absent in neurons from ASIC1a knock-out mice. Current-clamp recordings and Ca2+-imaging experiments demonstrated that Zn2+ inhibits acid-induced membrane depolarization and the increase of intracellular Ca2+. Mutation of lysine-133 in the extracellular domain of the ASIC1a subunit abolishes the high-affinity Zn2+ inhibition. Our studies suggest that Zn2+ may play an important role in a negative feedback system for preventing overexcitation of neurons during normal synaptic transmission and ASIC1a-mediated excitotoxicity in pathological conditions.
Receptive field structure–function correlates in developing turtle retinal ganglion cells

Mature retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) have distinct morphologies that often reflect specialized functional properties such as On and Off responses. But the structural correlates of many complex receptive field (RF) properties (e.g. responses to motion) remain to be deciphered. In this study, we have investigated whether motion anisotropies (non‐homogeneities) characteristic of embryonic turtle RGCs arise from immature dendritic arborization in these cells. To test this hypothesis, we have looked at structure–function correlates of developing turtle RGCs from Stage 23 (S23) when light responses emerge, until 15 weeks post‐hatching (PH). Using whole cell patch clamp recordings, RGCs were labelled with Lucifer Yellow (LY) while recording their responses to moving edges of light. Comparison of RF and dendritic arbor layouts revealed a weak correlation. To obtain a larger structural sample of developing RGCs, we have looked at dendritic morphology in RGCs retrogradely filled with the tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from S22 (when RGCs become spontaneously active, shortly before they become sensitive to light) until two weeks PH. We found that there was intense dendritic growth from S22 onwards, reaching peak proliferation at S25 (a week before hatching), while RGCs are still exhibiting significant motion anisotropies. Based on these observations, we suggest that immature anisotropic RGC RFs must originate from sparse synaptic inputs onto RGCs rather than from the immaturity of their growing dendritic trees.
The factor structure and reliability of the short form of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire in a Finnish adolescent athlete sample

The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure, reliability, and measurement invariance of the Finnish version of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-S (PSDQ-S) among a group (n = 521) of Finnish adolescent male (n = 238) and female (n = 283) athletes. Confirmatory factor analysis, using a robust weighted least squares estimator, showed good fit to the data. The invariance of the factor structure across gender and age groups was tested for configural, metric, and scalar invariance. The results yielded strong measurement invariance for gender and age. The reliability estimates supported an 11-factor solution for total sample, gender, and age, excluding the Physical Activity subscale. Accordingly, the original 11-factor solution received support with Finnish adolescent athletes.
CAN OLD GALAXIES AT HIGH REDSHIFTS AND BARYON ACOUSTIC OSCILLATIONS CONSTRAIN H0?

A new age--redshift test is proposed in order to constrain H0 on the basis of the existence of old high-redshift galaxies (OHRGs). In the flat Λ cold dark matter model, the value of H0 is heavily dependent on the mass density parameter ΩM = 1 − ΩΛ. Such a degeneracy can be broken through a joint analysis involving the OHRG and baryon acoustic oscillation signature. By assuming a galaxy incubation time, tinc = 0.8 ± 0.4 Gyr, our joint analysis yields a value of H0 = 71 ± 4 km s−1 Mpc−1 (1σ) with the best-fit density parameter ΩM = 0.27 ± 0.03. Such results are in good agreement with independent studies from the Hubble Space Telescope key project and recent estimates of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, thereby suggesting that the combination of these two independent phenomena provides an interesting method to constrain the Hubble constant.
Fast Document Segmentation Using Contour and X-Y Cut Technique

This paper describes fast and efficient method for page segmentation of document containing nonrectangular block. The segmentation is based on edge following algorithm using small window of 16 by 32 pixels. This segmentation is very fast since only border pixels of paragraph are used without scanning the whole page. Still, the segmentation may contain error if the space between them is smaller than the window used in edge following. Consequently, this paper reduce this error by first identify the missed segmentation point using direction information in edge following then, using X-Y cut at the missed segmentation point to separate the connected columns. The advantage of the proposed method is the fast identification of missed segmentation point. This methodology is faster with fewer overheads than other algorithms that need to access much more pixel of a document. KeywordsContour Direction Technique, Missed Segmentation Points, Page Segmentation, Recursive X-Y Cut Technique
Correcting the record on Watson, Rayner, and Little Albert: Albert Barger as "psychology's lost boy".

In 1920, John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner attempted to condition a phobia in a young infant named "Albert B. " In 2009, Beck, Levinson, and Irons proposed that Little Albert, as he is now known, was actually an infant named Douglas Merritte. More recently, Fridlund, Beck, Goldie, and Irons (2012) claimed that Little Albert (Douglas) was neurologically impaired at the time of the experiment. They also alleged that Watson, in a severe breach of ethics, probably knew of Little Albert's condition when selecting him for the study and then fraudulently hid this fact in his published accounts of the case. In this article, we present the discovery of another individual, Albert Barger, who appears to match the characteristics of Little Albert better than Douglas Merritte does. We examine the evidence for Albert Barger as having been Little Albert and, where relevant, contrast it with the evidence for Douglas Merritte. As for the allegations of fraudulent activity by Watson, we offer comments at the end of this article. We also present evidence concerning whether Little Albert (Albert Barger) grew up with the fear of furry animals, as Watson and Rayner speculated he might.
On the evaluation of TCP in MANETs

Past research efforts have denoted the problematic behaviour of traditional TCP agents in MANET environments and have proposed various remedies across the networking stack. However, there has not been an overall performance evaluation of different TCP agents under varying mobility conditions which takes into account past experiences in MANET evaluation. This work aims to rectify this shortcoming through detailed evaluation of prevalent TCP variants in different topology settings over the AODV routing protocol. Subsequent results reveal the performance merits of TCP Vegas and NewReno in MANETs with respect to Reno which is further explored and accounted for. Finally, insight is provided through extensive tracing on the interaction of TCP with the routing protocol.
Production of Protease from Rice Mill Wastes by Aspergillus niger in Solid State Fermentation

The production of enzymes by bioprocesses is a good value added to agro industry residues. A comparative study was carried out on the production of protease using different varieties of Rice brokens (PONNI, IR-20, CR-1009, ADT-36 and ADT-66) from Rice mill wastes as substrates in solid-state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus niger. Among the all tested varieties of rice broken PONNI produced the highest activity as 67.7 U/g while ADT-66 produced lowest protease as 44.7 U/g/ under solid state fermentation conditions. The optimized conditions for producing maximum yield of protease were incubation at 35°C, 96 h and pH 7.0. The protease production from waste treatment could be commercially used in detergents and leather industry. Rice cultivation is the principal activity and source of drying (below moisture content levels of 12%) or income for millions of households around the globe. dehydrating oven dried kernels are the major causes Several countries of Asia and Africa are highly dependent for the breakage of kernels during milling. Most broken on rice as a source of foreign exchange earnings and rice was used for beer making in the past. But, government revenue. Asia is the biggest rice producer, nowadays, high quality of brewers prefers whole rice than accounting for 90% of the world's production and broken rice for beers. Broken rice is used as feed for live consumption of rice. China and India, which account for stock or for making pet foods. Some lower brewers still more than one-third of global population supply over half use broken rice. This low valued by-product of rice milling of the world's rice. (Fig.1) Broken rice is the rice kernel that industry can effectively be used for better economic does not survive the milling process. They have length returns and are, for instance, alternate uses of the rice dimensions smaller than ¾ of the whole grains. broken kernels. drying or during milling, quick drying and over
Experiences of the step-out technique in emotion-focused therapy for clients with autistic process

ABSTRACT Lower levels of experiential processing are associated with poorer therapeutic outcomes. Clients with autistic process are reported to experience sensory-body awareness processing problems which is recognized as an interoception marker. The Step-Out is a simple bodily technique, used within the Alba Method, to achieve an emotionally neutral, relaxed, and alert state. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of clients with autistic process with the Step-Out. Eleven clients learned and spoke about the technique. A thematic analysis of clients’ responses produced an overall theme ‘In sensing me to connecting to you’. This contained three broad themes: In-and-out of interoceptive contact, letting go of tension and beyond self-experience. Clients were able to verbally describe their internal sensations and perceptions following the task. Responses ranged across an experiential continuum from emotional overwhelm, to no felt change to experiences of relational connection. Preliminary findings provide promising support for the utility of the Step-Out as a mini experiential task to help clients with autistic process shift their attention from an externalized to an internalized process, and to recognize, express, and regulate their internal states. Findings are tentative due to the exploratory nature, limited participants, and lack of assessment measures.
Stefan Wuchty , of Knowledge The Increasing Dominance of Teams in Production

http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/316/5827/1036 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/1136099/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/316/5827/1036#related-content http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/316/5827/1036#otherarticles , 3 of which can be accessed for free: cites 14 articles This article 45 article(s) on the ISI Web of Science. cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/316/5827/1036#otherarticles 10 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/sociology Sociology : subject collections This article appears in the following
Early Predictors of Refractory Epilepsy in Oran, Algeria: A Case-Control Study

Purpose: The goal of this retrospective study is to identify early predictors of intractable epilepsy. Methods: This case-control study conducted from January 2007 to December 2012 included 106 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and 212 controls with well-controlled epilepsy.Univariate and multivariate analysis of predictive factors of refractoriness were performed using logistic regression. Results: In the final model, four factors significantly associated with intractable epilepsy were identified: aetiology (p = 0.001), high initial seizure frequency (p < 10-4), status epilepticus (p = 0.002), and initial myoclonic seizures (p < 10-4). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the risk of developing drug resistant epilepsy could be predicted at an early stage of the disease by some clinical features. This could help the clinicians to make the best therapy decisions and improve patient’s quality of life. *Corresponding author: Dr. Amina Chentouf, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Oran, Algeria, E-mail: amina.chentouf@yahoo.com Received Date: February 24, 2016 Accepted Date: April 04, 2016 Published Date: April 08, 2016 Citation: Chentouf, A. , et al. Early Predictors of Refractory Epilepsy in Oran, Algeria: A Case-Control Study. (2016) Int J Neurol Brain Disord 3(2): 15. Int J Neurol Brain Disord | Volume 3: Issue 2 www.ommegaonline. org
Results of a Pilot Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Primary and Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon with St. John's Wort: Detecting Changes in Angiogenic Cytokines When RP Improves

Objectives.To perform a 6-week double-blind RCT in Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) comparing the plant extract St. John's Wort (SJW) to placebo. Methods. RP patients having at least 7 attacks per week were stratified by primary and secondary RP and within secondary by systemic sclerosis or other connective tissue disease. Subjects completed a daily standardized diary recording all RP attacks (frequency, duration and severity). Serum levels of 18 inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines were measured pre- and post-treatment. Results. Eighteen patients completed the study; 8 received SJW and 10 placebo. The decrease in mean number of attacks per day was 0.75 with SJW and 1.01 with placebo, P = 0.06. Attack duration and severity were not different between groups. Cytokine analyses demonstrated no between-groups differences. Combining treatment groups, those with >50% improvement in frequency of attacks yielded a significant increase in E-selectin (P = 0.049), MMP-9 (P = 0.011), G-CSF (P = 0.02), and VEGF (P = 0.012) pre- versus post-treatment. A ≥50% improvement in severity of attacks corresponded to a significant increase in levels of sVCAM-1 (P = 0.003), sICAM-1 (P = 0.007), and MCP-1 (P = 0.004). Conclusions. There were no clinical or biomarker benefit of SJW versus placebo in RP. However, combining all patients, there were changes in some cytokines that may be further investigated.
Authoritarian Leadership and Extra-Role Behaviors: A Role-Perception Perspective

ABSTRACT Authoritarian leaders make unilateral decisions and prevail over subordinates. Such leadership, as a style of exercising formal authority and position power, may inhibit employees’ extra-role behaviors in the hierarchical role structure. We explore employees’ role perceptions to better understand how supervisors’ authoritarian leadership decreases extra-role behaviors (OCBs). Authoritarian behavior is expected to generate subordinate perceptions of role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload, with consequent negative effects on OCB. Hypotheses are tested using data from 613 subordinate – supervisor dyads. Empirical results indicate that authoritarian leadership increases subordinate role conflict and overload which then decreases OCB. Authoritarian behavior also increases role ambiguity, but role ambiguity is not associated with OCB. The article concludes with research suggestions and practical implications.
Beyond retribution : prospects for restorative justice in South Africa

Extracted from text . CHAPTER 4 FIGURE 1 45 After the crime, what was most important to the victims? (Total all crimes) FIGURE 2 46 'If it were possible, which of the following would you be interested in? ' (Total all crimes) FIGURE 3 47 Robbery victims' priorities after the crime FIGURE 4 48 Robbery victims' outcome preferences FIGURE 5 49 Burglary victims' priorities after the crime FIGURE 6 49 Burglary victims' outcome preferences FIGURE 7 50 Assault victims' priorities after the crime FIGURE 8 51 Assault victims' outcome preferences CHAPTER 5 TABLE 1 55 The primary objectives of restorative justice are. (%) (n=69) LIST .
Research in International Business and Finance on the Robustness of Higher-moment Factors in Explaining Average Expected Returns: Evidence from Australia

This study tests the importance of systematic skewness and systematic kurtosis of Australian stock returns in the spirit of the higher-moment asset pricing model. We apply the Dagenais and Dagenais (1997) higher-moment estimators to correct for the errors-in-variables (EIVs) problems commonly found in the Fama and MacBeth (1973) two-pass regression methodology. After correcting for the EIVs problems, the two higher-moment factors, especially systematic skewness, are important in pricing Australian stocks. Systematic kurtosis appears to replace beta which plays a diminished role in the heavy-tailed return distribution.
Affordability and Obesity: Issues in the Multifunctionality of Agricultural/Food Systems

The conference discussed public goods and externalities created as by-products of the food system, including local development, obesity, air and water pollution, climate change, antibiotic resistance, and other public health issues. Multifunctionality is a framework that integrates these diverse issues and has been influential in international policy. This commentary focuses on arguably the most prominent public health issue at the moment: obesity. Though obesity could be considered another multifunctional dimension, its link to other conference topics is tenuous. Using obesity as an argument to promote local produce or achieve other multifunctional outcomes is very questionable. Framing obesity as an issue of poverty or food insecurity trivializes the continuing major problem of hunger worldwide.