Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A +18dBm, 79–87.5GHz bandwidth power amplifier in 0.13µm SiGe-BiCMOS

A three-stage, 77/79GHz transformer-coupled differential power amplifier is implemented in 130nm SiGe-BiCMOS. Common-base stages maximize output voltage swing and power, while a cascode first stage enhances gain for greater power-added efficiency (PAE). A frequency-scalable, parasitic-compensated balun combines power from the output stages to the 50Ω load with &#60;1.2dB loss and 70×70µm2 area on-chip. The measured peak small-signal gain is 27dB at 83GHz, and −3dB bandwidth is >8GHz. Maximum output power and peak-PAE are 18dBm and 9%, respectively, at 84GHz. The 0.23mm2 active area PA consumes 395mW from a 2.5V supply.
Abscisic acid (ABA) treatment increases artemisinin content in Artemisia annua by enhancing the expression of genes in artemisinin biosynthetic pathway

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide derived from Artemisia annua L. , is the most effective antimalarial drug. In an effort to increase the artemisinin production, abscisic acid (ABA) with different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 µM) was tested by treating A. annua plants. As a result, the artemisinin content in ABA-treated plants was significantly increased. Especially, artemisinin content in plants treated by 10 µM ABA was 65% higher than that in the control plants, up to an average of 1.84% dry weight. Gene expression analysis showed that in both the ABA-treated plants and cell suspension cultures, HMGR, FPS, CYP71AV1 and CPR, the important genes in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, were significantly induced. While only a slight increase of ADS expression was observed in ABA-treated plants, no expression of ADS was detected in cell suspension cultures. This study suggests that there is probably a crosstalk between the ABA signaling pathway and artemisinin biosynthetic pathway and that CYP71AV1, which was induced most significantly, may play a key regulatory role in the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.
The appropriated language: Dominant stories as a source of organizational inertia

This article suggests that by regarding the semantics of storytelling, we are able to explore how dominant stories influence and may contribute to organizational inertia. Using data from two change projects in large Scandinavian companies, it is shown that in the negotiation of meaning those stories that display semantic fit with the dominant story are perceived as more convincing, while those stories that lack this attribute appear oxymoronic and fail to have an impact. As a result, the organization is only able to change in a manner congruent with the dominant story and becomes inert in other respects. We suggest that a dominant story fixes not only the meaning of events, but also the meaning of the labels available for sensemaking. By this appropriation of language, the dominant story circumscribes sensemaking and storytelling possibilities, and thereby restricts organizational flux.
An Analysis of HTML and CSS Syntax Errors in a Web Development Course

Many people are first exposed to code through web development, yet little is known about the barriers beginners face in these formative experiences. In this article, we describe a study of undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory web development course taken by both computing majors and general education students. Using data collected during the initial weeks of the course, we investigate the nature of the syntax errors they make when learning HTML and CSS, and how they resolve them. This is accomplished through the deployment of openHTML, a lightweight web-based code editor that logs user activity. Our analysis reveals that nearly all students made syntax errors that remained unresolved in their assessments, and that these errors continued weeks into the course. Approximately 20% of these errors related to the relatively complex system of rules that dictates when it is valid for HTML elements to be nested in one another. On the other hand, 35% of errors related to the relatively simple tag syntax determining how HTML elements are nested. We also find that validation played a key role in resolving errors: While the majority of unresolved errors were present in untested code, nearly all of the errors that were detected through validation were eventually corrected. We conclude with a discussion of our findings and their implications for computing education.
Contributions of Leisure-Based Selective Optimization with Compensation and Leisure Activity Expenditure to the Health of Adults with Arthritis

Abstract Arthritis is one of the most prevalent chronic health conditions in mid to late life, and leisure may provide potential health benefits. The study aims were to establish the predictive utility of leisure activities and leisure-based selective optimization with compensation (L-SOC) in explaining arthritis-based health and to determine whether physically active leisure serves as a mediator of L-SOC and health. The study sample included 140 middle-aged and older adults with arthritis. A mediator model was not supported. Instead, L-SOC and leisure activity expenditures were significant independent predictors of arthritis-based health. Findings provide preliminary support for a measure of leisure-specific SOC and indicate that accumulating physical activity expenditures across diverse leisure activities is an important component of arthritis self-management.
Using sentiment orientation features for mood classification in blogs

In this paper we explore the task of mood classification for blog postings. We propose a novel approach that uses the hierarchy of possible moods to achieve better results than a standard machine learning approach. We also show that using sentiment orientation features improves the performance of classification. We used the Livejournal blog corpus as a dataset to train and evaluate our method.
Looking for linking: associative links on the Web

Non-trivial hypertexts (containing more than one node) use links to implement their internal structure. On the Web navigation bars have become ubiquitous, defining functional regions on a web page that expose a site’s primary structure, listing nearby pages or media (home page, next page, previous page, search, related links). By contrast, associative linking takes place in the content regions of Web pages and may be used to interlink related concepts from the domain semantics, expose argumentation structures, add glossary functions or reveal instructional components according to various secondary informational schemas or controlling “applications”. In this paper we describe an attempt to identify the latter kind of links on the World Wide Web, as the preliminary stage of recognising and classifying “good” linking practices that go beyond the merely organisational infrastructure common to the Web.
Favoring the Winner of Loser: Handicapping in Repeated Contests

Should a …rm favor a weaker or stronger employee in a contest? Despite a widespread emphasis on rewarding the best employees, managers continue to tolerate and even favor poor performers. Contest theory reveals that evenly matched contests are the most intense, which implies that a contest designer can maximize each player's eort by arti…cially boost- ing the underdog's chances. We apply this type of "handicapping"to a two-period repeated contest between employees, in which the only information available about their abilities is their performance in the …rst-period. In this setting, employees are strategic and forward looking, such that they fully anticipate the potential impact of the …rst-period contest result on the second period contest, and thus adjust their behaviors accordingly. The manager also incorporates these strategic behaviors of employees when determining an optimal handicap- ping policy. If employees'abilities are su¢ ciently dierent, favoring the …rst-period loser in the second period increases total eort over both periods. However, if abilities are suf- …ciently similar, we …nd the opposite result occurs: total eort increases most in response to a "reverse handicapping"strategy that favors the …rst-period winner. We also show that reverse handicapping maximizes eort even with perfect information.
Effects of Teacher-Student Ratio in Response to Intervention Approaches

This study used a randomized experimental design to examine the relationship between teacher-student ratio and literacy learning outcomes for experienced intervention teachers working with the most at-risk first-grade students. Eighty-five Reading Recovery teachers, working with 170 students, each taught in a 1:1 and a small-group instructional format with teacher-student ratios of 1:2, 1:3, or 1:5. The at-risk students were assessed at pretest and posttest with the six subtests of An Observation Survey of Early Literacy Achievement and the Slosson Oral Reading Test—Revised (SORT-R). The 1:1 instruction yielded significantly higher outcomes than the combined small-group conditions on 8 of the 9 measures. The small-group conditions did not differ significantly from one another, but a trend analysis indicated a reduction of literacy performance as group size increased. Implications are discussed for a comprehensive Response to Intervention approach to optimize literacy outcomes and reduce achievement gaps for struggling beginning readers.
A methodology for evaluation of boundary detection algorithms on medical images

Image segmentation is the partition of an image into a set of nonoverlapping regions whose union is the entire image. The image is decomposed into meaningful parts which are uniform with respect to certain characteristics, such as gray level or texture. In this paper, we propose a methodology for evaluating medical image segmentation algorithms wherein the only information available is boundaries outlined by multiple expert observers. In this case, the results of the segmentation algorithm can be evaluated against the multiple observers' outlines. We have derived statistics to enable us to find whether the computer-generated boundaries agree with the observers' hand-outlined boundaries as much as the different observers agree with each other. We illustrate the use of this methodology by evaluating image segmentation algorithms on two different applications in ultrasound imaging. In the first application, we attempt to find the epicardial and endocardial boundaries from cardiac ultrasound images, and in the second application, our goal is to find the fetal skull and abdomen boundaries from prenatal ultrasound images.
The effect of a teacher professional development in facilitating students creativity

The Iranian educational system would benefit from major refinement in order to better develop the creativity of children. The extension of teachers’ understanding of creativity is one of the main factors in facilitating change. A theory and practice based professional development program was designed, therefore, to assist teachers to acquire knowledge, attitudes and skills associated with improved student creativity. In this research, the effect of creativity-oriented teaching on students’ creativity was examined using the Solomon four-group design method. The teachers and students were divided in experimental, treatment and control groups. The control group was further subdivided into two groups. Students from the experimental and one control group were pre-tested using the torrance test of creative thinking (TTCT)Teachers of the experimental group and treatment group completed a creativity training program and then used the techniques demonstrated with their students. Following the intervention, students of each of the experimental, treatment and control groups completed the TTCT a second time and the teachers completed a creativity checklist questionnaire for each student. The results indicated that teachers’ involvement in the training program had a positive effect on the creativity of their students. These results provide basic evidence that teacher professional development programs associated with the improved understanding of creativity-oriented techniques can make a positive contribution to development of Iranian students’ creativity.
The Effect of Pairing Adult Eye Gaze With a Communication Device on the Frequency and Duration of Joint Attention Episodes in Typically Developing Infants

3 Acknowledgments. 5 List of Tables . 10 List of Figures . 11 Chapter 1: Introduction and Literature Review . 12 Introduction. 12 Literature Review. 13 Joint Attention. 13 Beginning Communicators and Augmentative and Alternative Communication. 18 Joint Attention and the Positioning of AAC. 21 Research Objectives. 22 Chapter 2: Methods. 24 Research Design. 24 Recruitment. 24 Participants. 25 Inclusionary Criteria . 26 Exclusionary Criteria . 30 Stimuli. 31 Procedures. 32 Session One. 33
Factors influencing resonance frequency analysis assessed by Osstell mentor during implant tissue integration: I. Instrument positioning, bone structure, implant length.

AIM To monitor longitudinally the development of implant stability of SLA Straumann tissue-level implants using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and to determine the influence of instrument positioning, bone structure and implant length on the assessment of RFA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-two healthy adult patients received either 8 mm, v4.1 mm Straumann Standard Plus tissue-level implants (n=16: Group A) or 10 mm, v4.1 mm Straumann Standard Plus tissue-level implants (n=16: Group B). During healing, RFA was performed on Weeks 0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 12. The implants were restored after 10 weeks (impression taking) and 12 weeks. In addition, probing depth, presence of plaque and bleeding on probing were assessed. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of Groups A and B were compared using unpaired t-tests and longitudinally applying paired t-tests between Week 0 and the subsequent time points. RESULTS Positioning of the Osstell mentor device did not affect the ISQ values. Generally, ISQ values increased continuously during healing from a mean of 65.1 (SD 16.97) to 74.7 (SD 5.17) (significantly from Week 0 to Weeks 6, 8 and 12). Lower bone density (Type III or IV) resulted in significantly lower ISQ values up to Week 8. Implant length affected the increase in ISQ values over time. While no significant increase was observed with 10 mm implants, ISQ values of 8 mm implants increased significantly from Week 0 to Weeks 6, 8 and 12. CONCLUSIONS Using Osstell mentor, ISQ values are reproducible irrespective of instrument positioning. ISQ values are affected by the bone structure and implant length. Hence, no predictive values can be attributed to implant stability.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy in clinical perspective

Although many of the risks and benefits of postmenopausal hormone therapy are known, only recently has the magnitude of these effects and their perspective to other therapies become more fully understood. Careful review of randomized controlled trials indicates that the risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy including breast cancer, stroke and venous thromboembolism are similar to other commonly used agents. Overall, these risks are rare (less than 1 event per 1,000 women) and even rarer when initiated in women less than 60 years of age or within 10 years of menopause. In addition, the literature indicates similar benefit of postmenopausal hormone therapy, in women who initiate hormone therapy in close proximity to menopause, to other medications used for the primary prevention of coronory heart disease in women.
Globally Correlated Nominal Fluctuations

Fluctuations in nominal variables—aggregate price levels and nominal interest rates—are documented to be substantially more synchronized across countries at business cycle frequencies than fluctuations in real output. A transparent mechanism accounting for this striking feature of the nominal environment is described and quantitatively evaluated. It is based on the interaction between (small) cross-country spillovers of shocks, Taylor rules, and domestic no-arbitrage conditions. The mechanism is robust to various parameterizations and extensions aligning the model with other important aspects of domestic and international fluctuations. Furthermore, its key features are consistent with cross-country forecasts from Consensus survey.
Effect of Grain Size on Bacterial Penetration, Reproduction, and Metabolic Activity in Porous Glass Bead Chambers

We determined the effects of grain size and nutritional conditions on the penetration rate and metabolic activity of Escherichia coli strains in anaerobic, nutrient-saturated chambers packed with different sizes of glass beads (diameters, 116 to 767 μm) under static conditions. The chambers had nearly equal porosities (38%) but different calculated pore sizes (range, 10 to 65 μm). Motile strains always penetrated faster than nonmotile strains, and nutrient conditions that resulted in faster growth rates (fermentative conditions versus nitrate-respiring conditions) resulted in faster penetration rates for both motile and nonmotile strains for all of the bead sizes tested. The penetration rate of nonmotile strains increased linearly when bead size was increased, while the penetration rate of motile strains became independent of the bead size when beads having diameters of 398 μm or greater were used. The rate of H2 production and the final amount of H2 produced decreased when bead size was decreased. However, the final protein concentrations were similar in chambers packed with 116-, 192-, and 281-μm beads and were only slightly higher in chambers packed with 398- and 767-μm beads. Our data indicated that conditions that favored faster growth rates also resulted in faster penetration times and that the lower penetration rates observed in chambers packed with small beads were due to restriction of bacterial activity in the small pores. The large increases in the final amount of hydrogen produced without corresponding increases in the final amount of protein made indicated that metabolism became uncoupled from cell mass biosynthesis as bead size increased, suggesting that pore size influenced the efficiency of substrate utilization.
The aspectual system of Singapore English and the systemic substratist explanation

Singapore English is a contact language with a constant linguistic substratum and superstratum. It lends itself to an interesting case study on how linguistic neologisms emerge out of a pool of competing features from the typologically distinct languages active in the contact ecology. This paper investigates the aspectual system of Singapore English and that of Chinese, the main substrate language, and of English, the lexical-source language. Despite the presence of competing aspectual categories from the two languages, the aspectual system of Singapore English is essentially the Chinese system filtered through the morphosyntax of English. Substrate influence is systemic, and the competing grammatical subsystems do not mix.
Cultural Differences in “Thank You”

This research investigated cultural differences in the use of, and responses to, gratitude statements in unsolicited email advertising messages. Study 1 found that Americans, compared with Koreans, were more positive about a message that included a gratitude statement (i.e., “Thank You”). Study 2 showed no cultural differences in responses to an email message that included a gratitude statement and one that omitted a gratitude statement. When participants in Study 3 were instructed to pay attention to the gratitude statement itself, Americans, compared with Koreans, viewed the gratitude statement more positively and considered the advertiser of the gratitude statement–included message as more credible. Americans had a greater intention to include a gratitude statement in their own advertising messages than did Koreans. In fact, Study 4 showed that when participants saw a gratitude statement–included example, a greater number of Americans, compared with Koreans included a gratitude statement in their own message.
Draft version of manuscript IN PRESS in the Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance The Perception of Visual Speed While Moving

During self-motion, the world normally appears stationary. In part, this may be due to reductions in visual motion signals during self-motion. In eight experiments using magnitude estimation to characterize changes in visual speed perception as a result of biomechanical self-motion alone (treadmill walking), physical translation alone (passive transport) and both biomechanical self-motion and physical translation together (walking), shows that each factor alone produces subtractive reductions in visual speed but that subtraction is greatest with both together, approximating the sum of the two separately. The similarity of results for biomechanical and passive self-motion support Barlow’s (1990) inhibition theory of sensory correlation as a mechanism for implementing Wallach’s (1987) compensation for self-motion.
Rendimiento cognitivo de personas mayores que participan en grupos organizados en la provincia de San José

Since cognitive performance is a major determinant for the development of healthy aging processes and quality of life, the profiles of cognitive performance in executive functions and memory of 110 elders participating in organized groups in Costa Rica were described. Sociodemographic data were registered, and variables of cognitive performance and level of involvement in activities were evaluated. Participant showed a cognitive performance expected for their age and educational level in screening tests for global intellectual performance whereas in tests assessing executive functioning and memory performance showed a normatively expected score; however, it was located in the middle and lower ranks. Although the participants did not show a high level of cognitive performance, they have an active lifestyle with a variety of formal activities and social participation.
Opportunities and Challenges in Representing Narrative Inquiries Digitally

Background/Context Within the context of four locally funded research projects, the researcher was asked to disseminate the findings of her narrative inquiries not to the research community, which had previously been the case, but to the practice and philanthropic communities. This, in turn, created a representational crisis because practitioners and philanthropists typically do not read research reports. Purposes/Objectives/Research Question/Focus of Study In this paper, two sources previously cut off from one another—the narrative inquiry research method and the digital storytelling approach—were brought together to inform how the live research projects became represented. Setting The four research endeavors, all involving arts-based instruction and all funded by the same reform movement, were undertaken in four different school sites serving primarily underserved minority youth in the fourth largest city in the U.S. Population/Participants/Subjects The participants were mainly teachers, although some principals, students, and grandparents contributed to certain digital representations. Research assistants were also highly involved. Conclusion This meta-level “inquiry into inquiry” traversed all four narrative inquiries and the digital exemplars produced for each to show how digital narrative inquiries (narrative inquiries represented through digital story) attend to eight considerations: relationship, perspective, authorial voice, cultural/contextual considerations, relevance, negotiation, audience and technology were learned. While this “inquiry into inquiry” addresses definitional and others queries at the intersection where narrative inquiry and digital stor y meet, other questions remain to be addressed that will necessitate future research.