Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fermi GF100 GPU Architecture

The Fermi GF100 is a GPU architecture that provides several new capabilities beyond the Nvidia GT200 or Tesla architecture. The Fermi architecture offers up to 512 CUDA cores and special features for gaming and high-performance computing. This article describes the GPU's new capabilities for tessellation, physics processing, and computational graphics.
Estrogen and Tamoxifen Interplay with T3 in Male Rats: Pharmacologically Distinct Classes of Estrogen Responses Affecting Growth, Bone, and Lipid Metabolism, and Their Relation to Serum GH and IGF-I.

Estrogen (E) and T3 regulate gene expression by receptor mechanisms that may enable hormonal interplay affecting growth and metabolism. Prior studies of E and tamoxifen (TM) interplay with T3 in female rats identified a subset of E responses that required T3 for expression and exhibited large agonist responses to TM. In contrast, TM acted more like an antagonist in most T3-independent E responses. This study used male rats to further explore the role of T3 in E effects on growth and metabolism, and the relation of such effects to changes in serum GH and IGF-I. Orchidectomized, hypothyroid rats were treated 6 wk with vehicle, E2 benzoate (E2B), or TM with or without T3. The following parameters were measured: body weight change; tibia length and bone mineral density; heart and kidney weight; food intake and body temperature; serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, GH, and IGF-I; seminal vesicle weight; and anterior pituitary levels of GH, PRL, glandular kallikrein, and total protein. Interplay.
Prevalence of polyp recurrence after endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a disease process that is driven, in part, by intrinsic mucosal inflammation. Surgery plus continued medical therapy is commonly elected by medically recalcitrant, symptomatic patients. The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of nasal polyp recurrence up to 18 months after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) with congruent continuing medical management.
Compliant electrodes based on platinum salt reduction in a urethane matrix

An elastomeric but electrically conducting material is presented that is fabricated using a method inspired by ionic polymer–metal composites. The Young’s modulus is only 10 MPa, and yet the conductivity is nearly 1 S cm−1 and the material remains electrically conductive under uniaxial strains of 30%. Furthermore, this electrode material is photopatternable. Fabrication begins with mixing the platinum salt tetraammineplatinum(II) chloride into a UV-curable acrylated urethane elastomer precursor (Loctite 3108). The mixture is crosslinked under UV light in less than a minute and can therefore be patterned if it is exposed through a mask. The salt is then chemically reduced with sodium borohydride, which results in the formation of 100 nm sized platinum nodules on the surface of the film.
Mechanisms Underlying Tolerance after Long-Term Benzodiazepine Use: A Future for Subtype-Selective GABAA Receptor Modulators?

Despite decades of basic and clinical research, our understanding of how benzodiazepines tend to lose their efficacy over time (tolerance) is at least incomplete. In appears that tolerance develops relatively quickly for the sedative and anticonvulsant actions of benzodiazepines, whereas tolerance to anxiolytic and amnesic effects probably does not develop at all. In light of this evidence, we review the current evidence for the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying benzodiazepine tolerance, including changes of (i) the GABAA receptor (subunit expression and receptor coupling), (ii) intracellular changes stemming from transcriptional and neurotrophic factors, (iii) ionotropic glutamate receptors, (iv) other neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine systems), and (v) the neurosteroid system. From the large variance in the studies, it appears that either different (simultaneous) tolerance mechanisms occur depending on the benzodiazepine effect, or that the tolerance-inducing mechanism depends on the activated GABAA receptor subtypes. Importantly, there is no convincing evidence that tolerance occurs with α subunit subtype-selective compounds acting at the benzodiazepine site.
Improving Ontology-Based User Profiles

Personalized Web browsing and search hope to provide Web information that matches a user's personal interests and thus provide more effective and efficient information access. A key feature in developing successful personalized Web applications is to build user profiles that accurately represent a user's interests. The main goal of this research is to investigate techniques that implicitly build ontology-based user profiles. We build the profiles without user interaction, automatically monitoring the user's browsing habits. After building the initial profile from visited Web pages, we investigate techniques to improve the accuracy of the user profile. In particular, we focus on how quickly we can achieve profile stability, how to identify the most important concepts, the effect of depth in the concept-hierarchy on the importance of a concept, and how many levels from the hierarchy should be used to represent the user. Our major findings are that ranking the concepts in the profiles by number of documents assigned to them rather than by accumulated weights provides better profile accuracy. We are also able to identify stable concepts in the profile, thus allowing us to detect long-term user interests. We found that the accuracy of concept detection decreases as we descend them in the concept hierarchy, however this loss of accuracy must be balanced against the detailed view of the user available only through the inclusion of lower-level concepts.
Karyotype analysis with amniotic fluid in 12365 pregnant women with indications for genetic amniocentesis and strategies of prenatal diagnosis

We explored the strategies of prenatal diagnosis by foetal karyotype analysis in pregnant women with indications for genetic amniocentesis. Karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid was performed on 12365 pregnant women with indications for genetic amniocentesis. The detection rates and distributions of abnormal karyotypes were observed in a variety of indications for genetic amniocentesis. The detection rates of abnormal karyotype were 57.4% in either a mother or father with chromosomal abnormality, 8.5% in the pregnant women with pathological ultrasound finding (PUF), 2.79% in the pregnant women with advanced age (35 years and over) and 2.23% in the women with abnormal maternal serum screening (MSS) tests. Foetal abnormal karyotype was found in 86 pregnant women with PUF; of the 86 pregnant women, 42 had trisomy 13, 18 or 21. Of the 12365 pregnant women, foetal abnormal karyotype was found in 428 (3.46%); of the 428 foetuses, only 154 had trisomy 13, 18 or 21. In the pregnant women with abnormal MSS, 111 foetuses had abnormal karyotype, but only 36 foetuses had trisomy 13, 18 or 21. We conclude that (1) ultrasound is an important approach to prevent the birth of foetuses with chromosomal disease. (2) Non-invasive prenatal DNA detection cannot completely replace invasive prenatal diagnosis and MSS. (3) The strategies of prenatal diagnosis: Genetic amniocentesis is strongly recommended for the pregnant women with indications for genetic amniocentesis. For pregnant women who refuse invasive prenatal diagnosis, non-invasive prenatal DNA detection is first performed. If the results of non-invasive prenatal DNA detection are negative, the pregnant women are followed up by ultrasound; if the results of non-invasive prenatal DNA detection are positive, the pregnant women should undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis.
Association Between SLCO1B1 Gene T521C Polymorphism and Statin-Related Myopathy Risk

Abstract Statin-related myopathy is an important adverse effect of statin which is classically unpredictable. The evidence of association between solute carrier organic anion transporter 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene T521C polymorphism and statin-related myopathy risk remained controversial. This study aimed to investigate this genetic association. Databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Wanfang Data were searched till June 17, 2015. Case-control studies investigating the association between SLCO1B1 gene T521C polymorphism and statin-related myopathy risk were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for assessing the quality of included studies. Data were pooled by odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Nine studies with 1360 cases and 3082 controls were included. Cases of statin-related myopathy were found to be significantly associated with the variant C allele (TC + CC vs TT: OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.27–3.43, P = 0.003; C vs T: OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.43–3.09, P < 0.001), especially when statin-related myopathy was defined as an elevation of creatine kinase (CK) >10 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or rhabdomyolysis (TC + CC vs TT: OR = 3.83, 95% CI = 1.41–10.39, P = 0.008; C vs T: OR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.47–5.89, P = 0.002). When stratified by statin type, the association was significant in individuals receiving simvastatin (TC + CC vs TT: OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.64–5.85, P = 0.001; C vs T: OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.38–6.49, P = 0.005), but not in those receiving atorvastatin (TC + CC vs TT: OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.74–2.30, P = 0.35; C vs T: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.57–3.12, P = 0.52). The available evidence suggests that SLCO1B1 gene T521C polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of statin-related myopathy, especially in individuals receiving simvastatin. Thus, a genetic test before initiation of statins may be meaningful for personalizing the treatment.
Pathological Tau Promotes Neuronal Damage by Impairing Ribosomal Function and Decreasing Protein Synthesis

One of the most common symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies is memory loss. The exact mechanisms leading to memory loss in tauopathies are not yet known; however, decreased translation due to ribosomal dysfunction has been implicated as a part of this process. Here we use a proteomics approach that incorporates subcellular fractionation and coimmunoprecipitation of tau from human AD and non-demented control brains to identify novel interactions between tau and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We show that ribosomes associate more closely with tau in AD than with tau in control brains, and that this abnormal association leads to a decrease in RNA translation. The aberrant tau–ribosome association also impaired synthesis of the synaptic protein PSD-95, suggesting that this phenomenon contributes to synaptic dysfunction. These findings provide novel information about tau-protein interactions in human brains, and they describe, for the first time, a dysfunctional consequence of tau–ribosome associations that directly alters protein synthesis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite the identification of abnormal tau–ribosomal interactions in tauopathies >25 years ago, the consequences of this association remained elusive until now. Here, we show that pathological tau associates closely with ribosomes in AD brains, and that this interaction impairs protein synthesis. The overall result is a stark reduction of nascent proteins, including those that participate in synaptic plasticity, which is crucial for learning and memory. These data mechanistically link a common pathologic sign, such as the appearance of pathological tau inside brain cells, with cognitive impairments evident in virtually all tauopathies.
Manual Linear Movements to Assess Spasticity in a Clinical Setting

In a clinical setting, where motor-driven systems are not readily available, the major difficulty in the assessment of the stretch reflex lies in the control of passive limb displacement velocity. A potential approach to this problem arises from the use of manual sinusoidal movements (made by continuous alternating flexions and extensions) paced by an external stimulus. Unfortunately, there are conditions in which sinusoidal movements induce interfering phenomena such as the shortening reaction or postactivation depression. In the present paper, a novel manual method to control the velocity of passive linear movements is described and the results obtained from both healthy subjects and spastic patients are reported. This method is based on the synchronisation of movements with tones played by a metronome at different speeds. In a first set of experiments performed in healthy subjects, we demonstrated consistent control of velocity during passive limb movements using this method. Four joints usually examined during muscle tone assessment were tested: wrist, elbow, knee and ankle joints. Following this, we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the stretch reflex amplitude in wrist flexor muscles in patients with spasticity treated with botulinum toxin type A. The evaluators were not only able to vary the movement velocity based on the metronome speed, but also could reproduce the respective speeds two weeks later, despite the changing degree of hypertonia. This method is easy to perform in a clinical setting and hardware requirements are minimal, making it an attractive and robust procedure for the widespread clinical assessment of reflex hypertonia.
Sampling and Reconstruction of Operators

We study the recovery of operators with a bandlimited Kohn-Nirenberg symbol from the action of such operators on a weighted impulse train, a procedure we refer to as sampling of operators. Kailath, Bello, and later Kozek and the authors have shown that the sampling of operators is possible if the symbol of the operator is bandlimited to a set with area less than one. In this paper, we develop the theory of the sampling of operators in analogy with the classical theory of sampling of bandlimited functions. We define the notions of sampling set and sampling rate for operators and give necessary and sufficient conditions on the sampling rate that depend on the size and geometry of the bandlimiting set. We develop explicit reconstruction formulas for operator sampling that generalize reconstruction formulas for bandlimited functions. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the bandlimiting set under which sampling of operators is possible by their action on a given periodically weighted delta train. We show that under mild geometric conditions on the bandlimiting set, classes of operators are bandlimited to an unknown set of area less than one-half permit sampling and reconstruction. We generalize two results of the Heckel and Bölcskei concerning sampling of operators with area not greater than one-half and less than one, respectively, by finding a larger class of operators to which they apply. Operators with bandlimited symbols have been used to model doubly dispersive communication channels with slowly time-varying impulse response. The results in this paper are rooted in work by Bello and Kailath in the 1960s.
Why Do Bangladeshi People Use Smokeless Tobacco Products?

Despite scientific evidence about the harmful effects of smokeless tobacco (SLT), it is widely used in Bangladesh. This study explored perceptions about health effects of SLT use. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 1812 nonsmoking adults. About 40% of the participants were current SLT users or had used SLT in the past. Family members’ influence was the main factor for initiation. The participants believed that people continued using SLT because of addiction (52%) and as a part of their lifestyle (23%). The majority of participants (77%) did not mention any benefit, but SLT users considered it to be a remedy for toothache (P < .05). Almost all participants mentioned that SLT was harmful and causes heart disease, cancer, and tuberculosis. Doctors’ advice was the common motivating factor to quit. Health promotion interventions should highlight the adverse effects of SLT use, which outweigh the perceived benefits, and should consider addressing the role of family in SLT initiation and use.
Research progress on the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of ellagic acid

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer treatments by chemotherapeutic agents, surgery, and radiation have not been highly effective in reducing the incidence of cancers and increasing the survival rate of cancer patients. In recent years, plant-derived compounds have attracted considerable attention as alternative cancer remedies for enhancing cancer prevention and treatment because of their low toxicities, low costs, and low side effects. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural phenolic constituent. Recent in vitro and in vivo experiments have revealed that EA elicits anticarcinogenic effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, breaking DNA binding to carcinogens, blocking virus infection, and disturbing inflammation, angiogenesis, and drug-resistance processes required for tumor growth and metastasis. This review enumerates the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of EA. It also discusses future directions on the applications of EA.
A Review of Gendered Consumption in Sport and Leisure

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In this review, we examine literature from leisure sciences, sociology, marketing, and history to demonstrate how Firat’s (1994) modern significations of gender categories can be used as an effective lens for showing the lingering effects of modernism. In the process, we provide evidence in a sport and leisure context of what is associated with men and masculinity is valued over what is associated with women and femininity. In the postmodern era, which many Western cultures are now beginning to experience, the categories of sex and gender are beginning to collapse and multiple categories of gender are arising. This transformation, according to Firat, will enable people to experience consumption with fewer constraints and boundaries. Firat notes, as do we, that postmodern freedom is still affected by modern categories, which aid in establishing norms of conduct. We use these categories as well as several of Firat’s other modern significations of gender dichotomies (including home versus workplace, passive versus active, emotional versus rational, submissive versus assertive, worthless versus valuable, and product versus person) to demonstrate that the many forms of masculinity and femininity have not blurred enough to prevent most people from valuing masculinity more than femininity. Our review shows evidence that while gender significations are less limiting in some ways than they were in the past, for the most part gender still matters. In the final section we report evidence of postmodern freedom from strict distinctions between masculinity and femininity in sports and leisure. Some blurring of the meanings of masculinity and femininity are transforming the activities of men and women; however, we show that this new kind of freedom appears to occur ambivalently or in a confused manner. While appearing to liberate, the new freedom still uses, in some ways, principles from the modern era that reestablishes or reinforces modernism. For example, while the successful Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) tries to empower and invigorate women, it takes a step back in postmodern freedom by reinforcing images of heterosexuality, portraying players as wives and mothers (McDonald 2000).
High level expression of apoptosis inhibitor in hepatoma cell line expressing Hepatitis B virus

The serious result of hepatitis B (HBV) virus infection is development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the reason of development of HCC in HBV infected patients is still unclear. Recently, the suppression of cell apoptosis is found to relate with the development of cell carcinogenesis, therefore, the expression of apoptosis inhibitor in the virus related cancer line such as hepatoma cell line HepG2.215 was investigated. There are at least six Human apoptosis inhibitors (IAP) have been identified now. They are cIAP1, cIAP2, XIAP, NAPI, survivin and pIAP. Using gene-assay technology, we have recently compared the expression of IAPs in the HepG2.215 cells that persistently expresses Hepatitis B virus by integrated HBV genome with its parent cell line HepG2. The results suggest that there was obviously increase of cIAP2 and cIAP1 in the HepG2.215 cells versus HepG2 cells. Those observations imply a possibility of long time HBV infection could induce the over-expressing apoptosis inhibitors, furthermore, causing the liver cancer. The high expression of cIAP1 and cIAP2 in HBV expressing cells was confirmed by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. However, we did not find the change of NIAP and suvivin in HepG2.215 cells. In contrast, the expression of XIAP was down in the HepG2.215 cells comparing with HepG2 cells. How HBV triggers the over-expression of apoptosis inhibitor is unclear. Transient transfection of HepG2 cells with the plasmids expressing different HBV proteins such as S, M, L, X and core proteins did not give a decisive conclusion. Further study is going on now.
Cardiovascular Consequences of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Distinct temporal phases of microvascular rarefaction in skeletal muscle of obese Zucker rats

Jefferson C. Frisbee, Adam G. Goodwill, Stephanie J. Frisbee, Joshua T. Butcher, Robert W. Brock, I. Mark Olfert, Evan R. DeVallance, and Paul D. Chantler Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia; Department of Health Policy, Management and Leadership, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia; Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia; and Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia
Capacity regions for wireless ad hoc networks

We define and study capacity regions for ad hoc wireless networks with an arbitrary number of nodes and topology. These regions describe the set of achievable rate combinations between all source-destination pairs in the network under various transmission strategies, such as variable rate transmission, single hop or multihop routing, power control, and successive interference cancellation. With slight modifications, the developed formulation can handle multihop cellular networks, time-varying flat-fading channels and node mobility. Numerical results indicate that multihop routing, spatial reuse, and successive interference cancellation significantly increase the capacity of the network. On the other hand, gains by power control are not significant when the transmission rate is adapted to the channel SINR. We also find that time-varying flat fading and node mobility improve the performance of the network. Similar trends are observed for the special case of multihop cellular networks.