Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Varieties of Capitalism? The Greening of Steel Work in Brazil and Germany

The aim of this article is to investigate the sustainability agenda and its implications for employment and managerial practices within different institutional contexts. The article uses the comparative capitalisms literature and, in particular, the Varieties of Capitalism framework to examine how multinational corporations (MNCs) can exploit different institutional contexts to achieve competitive advantages. We explore one multinational steel company’s i.e. SteelCo.AG varied responses to the emerging constraints of the sustainability agenda in Germany, as an example of a Coordinated Market Economy, and Brazil, as an example of a Hierarchical Market Economy. In particular, we focus on evidence concerning training, environmental practices and policies in the different company sites. We demonstrate how different institutional contexts favour different corporate strategies from an approach that exploits negative institutional complementarities, such as the “low-skill/low-cost trap,” to one that benefits from strong institutional coherence facilitating skills formation and innovation in response to environ-mental legislation. Our analysis argues for the importance of incorporating the green agenda as a marker of difference into the existing VoC framework. This allows for nuanced readings of unstable institutional complementarities in terms of operational, managerial and social innovation in different institutional contexts – with such analyses essential for understanding workers’ experiences of employment and work. Our contribution to the extant literature on the employment relationship, within the context of VoC analysis, therefore offers empirical material on understandings of employment relations within the HME category, as a new type within the VoC framework, through our discussion of a multinational’s activities in Brazil. This also allows us to focus on the way companies and other actors’ impact upon institutional frameworks and the distribution of power between different actors within particular contexts, thereby addressing recent discussions of the stability and homogeneity of institutional arrangements.
Why Us? Toward an Understanding of Bisexual Women's Vulnerability for and Negative Consequences of Sexual Violence

ABSTRACT As the literature on sexual violence and its relationship with sexual orientation in women continues to grow, one issue is becoming clear: the need to investigate bisexuality as a correlate of sexual violence and of greater negative outcomes following such violence. Although several studies have noted higher rates and negative consequence of sexual violence in bisexual women, few have attempted to unravel the connections between bisexuality and victimization. In this theoretical article, the authors offer several potential explanatory variables as well as a call for more in-depth research into the unique risks suffered by bisexual women of all races. Drawing from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's ecological model of sexual violence and multiple fields of research, the authors map the potential origins and explanations of these risks by connecting the sexual violence literature with research into heteronormativity and homo/biphobia, studies of intimate partner violence, cultural analyses of media representation of women's sexuality, and contemporary understandings of trauma following sexual violence victimization.
Linear Programming with fuzzy joint parameters: A Cumulative Membership Function approach

This paper shows an alternative methodology to find optimal solutions of a linear programming problem defined in a fuzzy environment. The classical fuzzy linear programming (FLP) problem is treated by using fuzzy restrictions in the form Ax les bbreve where indicates a type-1 fuzzy set (Tl FS). The proposed approach uses joint Abreve and bbreve fuzzy parameters to solve a linear programming model under uncertainty conditions. Triangular fuzzy sets are used to reduce the computational complexity of the model, however other types of fuzzy sets can be used. A cumulative membership function (CMF) approach is defined, some optimality conditions are discussed and a new theorem is proved. Finally a small example is provided.
Opinion of Croatian Teacher Education Students Regarding the Quality of the Visual Arts Teaching Didactics Course

The purpose of this study was to assess student satisfaction with the Visual Arts Teaching Methodology course taught at the Croatian faculties of teacher education and identify important areas for improvement. The students’ open-ended, qualitative responses were reviewed and each response was assigned to one or more of the following categories: teacher performance, student teaching practice, assessment and grading, course organization, availability of learning materials and resources, and student teaching competences. The results indicate that the students are most satisfied with teacher performance, but they are also the least satisfied with course organization and recommend the most improvements in this area.
Irregular primes and cyclotomic invariants

The table of irregular primes less than 30000 has been computed and deposited in the UMT file. The fraction of irregular primes in this range is 0.3924, close to the heuristic prediction of 1 -e 112. Fermat's Last Theorem has been verified for all prime exponents p < 30000, and the cyclotomic invariants ,p, Xp, and vp of Iwasawa have been completely determined for these primes. The computations show that for p in this range, A,p = 0 and the invariants Xp and vp both equal the index of irregularity of p. 1. Historical Summary and Introduction. It has been roughly 125 years since Kummer proved his monumental theorem that the Fermat equation xP + yP = ZP has no nontrivial integral solutions for regular prime exponents p. A prime p is called regular if it does not divide the numerator of any of the Bernoulli numbers B2, B4, * * , Bp_3. This condition is equivalent to the assumption that p does not divide the class number of the cyclotomic field obtained by adjoining a primitive pth root of unity to the rational field. A detailed exposition of these results appears in [1]Kummer himself began the search for the primes to which his proof of the Fermat conjecture did not apply. By 1874 he had determined that exactly 8 of the 37 odd primes less than 165 are irregular, including the prime 157, the first prime which divides the numerators of two of the Bernoulli numbers in question. With the aid of desk calculators, Vandiver and his associates [23] continued the computations to 617 in the 1930's. By 1955, Vandiver, D. H. Lehmer, E. Lehmer, Selfridge and Nicol [12], [24], [17] had completed the computations to 4001 on the SWAC computer at Los Angeles. In 1963, D. H. Lehmer [11] reported statistical results to 10000, and in 1964 Selfridge and Pollack [18] announced completion of the table to 25000 on the IBM 7090 at UCLA. These latter tables have not appeared in print. In 1970, Kobelev [10] published the table to 5500 and this was extended to 8000 by the author [8] in 1973. Received June 13, 1974. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 10A40, 12A35, 12AS0.
Intelligent Flight Control of an Autonomous Quadrotor

This chapter describes the different steps of designing, building, simulating, and testing an intelligent flight control module for an increasingly popular unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), known as a quadrotor. It presents an in-depth view of t he modeling of the kinematics, dynamics, and control of such an interesting UAV. A quadrotor offers a challenging control problem due to its highly unstable nature. An effective control methodology is therefore needed for such a unique airborne vehicle. The chapter starts with a brief overview on the quadrotor's background and its applications, in light of its advantages. Comparisons with other UAVs are made to emphasize the versatile capabilities of this special design. For a better understanding of the vehicle's behavior, the quadrotor's kinematics and dynamics are then detailed. This yields the equations of motion, which are used later as a guideline for developing the proposed intelligent flight control scheme. In this chapter, fuzzy logic is adopted for building the flight controller of the quadrotor. It has been witnessed that fuzzy logic control offers several advantages over certain types of conventional control methods, specifically in dealing with highly nonlinear systems and modeling uncertainties. Two types of fuzzy inference engines are employed in the design of the flight controller, each of which is explained and evaluated. For testing the designed intelligent flight controller, a simulation environment was first developed. The simulations were made as realistic as possible by incorporating environmental disturbances such as wind gust and the ever-present sensor noise. The proposed controller was then tested on a real test-bed built specifically for this project. Both the simulator and the real quadrotor were later used for conducting different attitude stabilization experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed control strategy. The controller's performance was also benchmarked against conventional control techniques such as input-output linearization, backstepping and sliding mode control strategies. Conclusions were then drawn based on the conducted experiments and their results.
Experiments on Learning by Back Propagation.

Abstract : Rumelhart, Hinton and Williams (Rumelhart 86) describe a learning procedure for layered networks of deterministic, neuron-like units. This paper describes further research on the learning procedure. We start by describing the units, the way they are connected, the learning procedure, and the extension to iterative nets. We then give an example in which a network learns a set of filters that enable it to discriminate formant-like patterns in the presence of noise. The speed of learning is strongly dependent on the shape of the surface formed by the error measure in weight space . We give examples of the shape of the error surface for a typical task and illustrate how an acceleration method speeds up descent in weight space. The main drawback of the learning procedure is the way it scales as the size of the task and the network increases. We give some preliminary results on scaling and show how the magnitude of the optimal weight changes depends on the fan-in of the units. Additional results illustrate the effects on learning speed of the amount of interaction between the weights. A variation of the learning procedure that back-propagates desired state information rather than error gradients is developed and compared with the standard procedure. Finally, we discuss the relationship between our iterative networks and the analog networks described by Hopefield and Tank (Hopfield 85). The learning procedure can discover appropriate weights in their kind of network, as well as determine an optimal schedule for varying the nonlinearity of the units during a search.
Development of new restorer lines for CMS ogura system with the use of resynthesized oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Resynthesized (RS) oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is potentially of great interest for hybrid breeding. However, a major problem with the direct use of RS B. napus is the quality of seed oil (high level of erucic acid) and seed meal (high glucosinolate content), which does not comply with double-low quality oilseed rape. Thus, additional developments are needed before RS B. napus can be introduced into breeding practice. In this study, RS oilseed rape was obtained through crosses between B. rapa ssp. chinensis var. chinensis and B. oleracea ssp. acephala var. sabellica. RS plant was then crossed with double-low (00) winter oilseed rape lines containing the Rfo gene for Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS ogu) system. Populations of doubled haploids (DH) were developed from these F1 hybrids using the microspore in vitro culture method. The seeds of semi-RS DH lines were analyzed for erucic acid and glucosinolate content. Among the populations of semi-RS DHs four 00-quality lines with the Rfo gene were selected. Using 344 AFLP markers to estimate genetic relatedness, we showed that the RS lines and semi-RS lines formed clusters that were clearly distinct from 96 winter oilseed rape parental lines of F1 hybrids.
Comparing rebuild algorithms for mirrored and RAID5 disk arrays

Several disk array architectures have been proposed to provide high throughput for transaction processing applications. When a single disk in a redundant array fails, the array continues to operate, albeit in a degraded mode with a corresponding reduction in performance. In addition, the lost data must be rebuilt to a spare disk in a timely manner to reduce the probability of permanent data loss. Several researchers have proposed and examined algorithms for rebuilding the failed disk in a disk array with parity. We examine the use of these algorithms to rebuild a mirrored disk array and compare the rebuild time and performance of the RAID5 and mirrored arrays. Redirection of Reads provides comparable average response times and better rebuild times than Piggybacking for a mirrored array, whereas these two algorithms perform similarly for a RAID5 array. In our experiments comparing the two architectures, a mirrored array has more disks than a RAID5 array and can sustain 150% more I/Os per second during the rebuild process. Even if the size of the RAID5 array is increased to match the mirrored array, the mirrored array reduces response times by up to 60% and rebuild times by up to 45%.
Near-synonymy and the structure of lexical knowledge

Plesionyms, or near-synonyms, are words that are almost synonyms, but not quite. The need to deal adequately with plesionymy in tasks such as lexical choice is the basis for two alternatives to conventional models of lexical knowledge: a Saussurean approach and a prototype-theory approach. In this paper, I will discuss these approaches, showing that the latter is troublesome but the former is likely to succeed.
Network Deprived SNA : An Alternative To Anonymization

Social network analysis as a technique has been applied to diverse set of fields, including, organizational behavior, sociology, economics and biology. However, for sensitive networks such as hate networks, trust networks and sexual networks, these techniques have been sparsely used. This is majorly attributed to the unavailability of network data. Anonymization is the most commonly used technique for performing privacy preserving network analysis. The process involves the presence of a trusted third party, who is aware of the complete network, and releases a sanitized version of it. In this paper, we propose an alternative, in which, the desired analysis can be performed by the parties who distributedly hold the network, such that : (a) no central third party is required; (b) the topology of the underlying network is kept hidden. We design multiparty protocols for securely performing various social network analysis methods. The network parameters addressed in this paper include degree distribution, clustering coefficient, closeness centrality, pagerank algorithm and K-shell decomposition algorithm. The designed protocols are secure in the malicious adversarial model with less than one third corrupt parties.
Universal Classification System Type of Incident Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Stable Atherosclerosis: Observations From Thrombin Receptor Antagonist in Secondary Prevention of Atherothrombotic Ischemic Events (TRA 2°P)‐TIMI 50

Background Our dual aims were as follows: (1) to classify new or recurrent myocardial infarctions (MI) in patients with stable atherosclerosis using the Universal Definition of MI classification system; and (2) to characterize the effects of vorapaxar, a first‐in‐class platelet protease‐activated receptor ‐1 antagonist, on new or recurrent MI. Methods and Results We analyzed data from TRA 2°P‐TIMI 50, a multinational, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of vorapaxar. This analysis included 20 770 patients with previous MI or peripheral arterial disease without a history of transient ischemic attack or stroke. Each new or recurrent MI after randomization that met the trial end point definition was further categorized according to the European Society of Cardiology, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, World Heart Federation Universal Definition classification of type and size. Of 1095 incident MIs, 77% were spontaneous (Type 1), with a smaller number (9.8%) of secondary MIs (Type 2). Vorapaxar reduced Type 1 MI (hazard ratio [HR] 0.84, CI 0.73–0.98, P=0.024), with a similar pattern for Type 2 MI (HR 0.74, CI 0.49–1.10, P=0.13). Notably, vorapaxar showed a consistent pattern of reduction across size of MIs, including MIs in the highest Universal MI size class (≥10× upper reference limit, HR 0.83, CI 0.70–0.98, P=0.025). As such, there was a significant reduction in larger, spontaneous MIs (Type 1, ≥10× upper reference limit, HR 0.81, CI 0.67–0.99, P=0.036), and a consistent pattern with respect to fatal MI (HR 0.66, CI 0.39–1.11, P=0.12). Conclusions Among stable patients with established atherosclerosis, the most common type of incident MI is spontaneous MI, and the reduction in MI with vorapaxar was consistent across MIs of varying type and size, including spontaneous infarctions ≥10× upper reference limit. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00526474.
Shaping your Identity as a Speaker of English: The Struggles of a Beginner Language Learner

In Colombia, political and educational campaigns have promoted English as the language of success and as a fundamental requirement to comply with the demands of a globalized world; nevertheless, little attention has been paid to the individual experiences of Colombians as they learn this language or to what happens to their identities during this process. This paper reports on a study that explored how three young adult learners of English constructed their identities as speakers of English through their positioning in oral tasks in an English class. It focuses on the story of one of the participants: a beginner female English learner. Data collection methods included class video and audio-recordings, interviews, and diaries kept by the participants. Findings indicated that learners’ positioning in spoken interactions not only directly affected their use of English, but also led them to non-linear transformations of their identities as speakers of English. These results pinpoint the need to gain awareness of the centrality of students’ identities in both their learning process and in language teaching practices and the need to observe how positioning operates in the language classroom.
Characterization of Search Engine Caches

Search engines provide cached copies of indexed content so users will have something to "click on" if the remote resource is temporarily or permanently unavailable. Depending on their proprietary caching strategies, search engines will purge their indexes and caches of resources that exceed a threshold of unavailability. Although search engine caches are provided only as an aid to the interactive user, we are interested in building reliable preservation services from the aggregate of these limited caching services. But first, we must understand the contents of search engine caches. In this paper, we have examined the cached contents of Ask, Google, MSN and Yahoo to profile such things as overlap between index and cache, size, MIME type and "staleness" of the cached resources. We also examined the overlap of the various caches with the holdings of the Internet Archive.
Integration of family planning services into HIV care clinics: Results one year after a cluster randomized controlled trial in Kenya

Objectives To determine if integration of family planning (FP) and HIV services led to increased use of more effective contraception (i.e. hormonal and permanent methods, and intrauterine devices) and decreased pregnancy rates. Design Cohort analysis following cluster randomized trial, when the Kenya Ministry of Health led integration of the remaining control (delayed integration) sites and oversaw integrated services at the original intervention (early integration) sites. Setting Eighteen health facilities in Kenya. Subjects Women aged 18–45 receiving care: 5682 encounters at baseline, and 11628 encounters during the fourth quarter of year 2. Intervention “One-stop shop” approach to integrating FP and HIV services. Main outcome measures Use of more effective contraceptive methods and incident pregnancy across two years of follow-up. Results Following integration of FP and HIV services at the six delayed integration clinics, use of more effective contraception increased from 31.7% to 44.2% of encounters (+12.5%; Prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.39 (1.19–1.63). Among the twelve early integration sites, the proportion of encounters at which women used more effective contraceptive methods was sustained from the end of the first to the second year of follow-up (37.5% vs. 37.0%). Pregnancy incidence including all 18 integrated sites in year two declined in comparison to the control arm in year one (rate ratio: 0.72; 95% CI 0.60–0.87). Conclusions Integration of FP services into HIV clinics led to a sustained increase in the use of more effective contraceptives and decrease in pregnancy incidence 24 months following implementation of the integrated service model. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01001507
Inadequate management of natural ecosystem in the Brazilian Amazon region results in the emergence and reemergence of arboviruses Gestão imprópria do ecossistema natural na Amazônia brasileira resulta na emergência

A total of 187 different species of arboviruses and other viruses in vertebrates were identified at the Evandro Chagas Institute (IEC) from 1954 to 1998, among more than 10,000 arbovirus strains isolated from humans, hematophagous insects, and wild and sentinel vertebrates. Despite intensive studies in the Brazilian Amazon region, especially in Pará State, very little is known about most of these viruses, except for information on date, time, source, and method of isolation, as well as their capacity to infect laboratory animals. This paper reviews ecological and epidemiological data and analyzes the impact of vector and host population changes on various viruses as a result of profound changes in the natural environment. Deforestation, mining, dam and highway construction, human colonization, and urbanization were the main manmade environmental changes associated with the emergence and/or reemergence of relevant arboviruses, including some known pathogens for humans.
State Medicaid Expansion and Citizens’ Quality of Life*

Objectives The U.S. Supreme Court's 2012 ruling on the Affordable Care Act was a federal exogenous shock that presented all states with the decision to continue their Medicaid program in its current form or expand it to include thousands of newly eligible recipients. This article takes advantage of this exogenous shock to evaluate the impact of Medicaid expansion on citizensâ€™ quality of life. Methods I evaluate changes from 2010 to 2014 in lowâ€ income citizensâ€™ subjective wellâ€ being (SWB) using Gallupâ€ Healthways survey data and a differenceâ€ inâ€ differences estimation strategy. Results Average levels of SWB increased among lowâ€ income citizens in states that expanded Medicaid eligibility compared to states that did not. In a series of placebo tests, I also demonstrate that the expansion had no effect on the SWB of middleâ€ or highâ€ income citizens who are unlikely to directly benefit from more generous Medicaid eligibility requirements. Conclusions The empirical findings suggest that the expansion of Medicaid has important implications for the wellâ€ being of lowâ€ income Americans and, more broadly, contribute to the growing literature on how government policy choices can concretely impact the quality of life that citizens experience.