Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: current indications and surgical results].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety, feasibility indications, prognosis and follow-up of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. METHODS Retrospective study was employed on 10 patients collected from Feb. to Oct. 2005 with diagnosis of masses located at pancreatic body/tail. The mean age was 43 years and ratio between male and female was 1:9. Preoperative diagnosis: nine patients with cystic lesion located at pancreatic body and tail, one patient with pancreatic endocrine tumor with liver metastasis, which located at pancreatic tail. The mean size of the tumor was 4.0 cm. All patients received adjuvant examinations including CT contrast scan, abdominal ultrasound or endoscopic ultrasound. The serum levels of tumor markers (including CA19-9, CA242, CA50 and CEA) of the patients were all normal. RESULTS All patients received distal pancreatectomy by laparoscope successfully. Among them, seven procedures were spleen-preserved and three with splenectomy. Mean operative time was 228 +/- 26 min, and mean blood lose volume was 173 +/- 100 ml. One patient suffered with pancreatic fistula after operation but was successfully managed by conservative therapy in one month, pancreatic pseudocyst was detected in one patient and disappeared spontaneously in one month, no other morbidity occurred. The postoperative hospital stay was 12 - 16 d (mean, 13.5 d). The serum glucoses of 10 patients after operation were normal. The mean time of follow-up was 8 months (2 - 22 months). During the follow-up, nine patients with benign cystic lesions did not relapse. And the other one patient with malignant metastasis kept stable, not recurrence was detected in one year after operation. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy was safe and feasible for benign cystic tumors located at the body or tail of the pancreas.
Making Meaning of the Relationship between Research and Policy: An Epilogue

This final article brings the themes and concepts together: What have we learned about the politics of doing research in education? Intersections of political processes and research include the politics of producing research and its use later by policy makers with an explicit political focus, or inadvertent political influence, or with managed politics. Additional relevant topics are identified that are marginally represented. Educational researchers are encouraged to broaden or enlarge their theories about the relationship between research and policy.
Do Job Satisfaction and Commitment to the Organization Matter When It Comes to Retaining Employees?

Reducing employee turnover through retention practices is an area of great interest to employers. Extension has experienced the loss of many county agents due to resignation and also retirement incentives. Prior research suggests a linkage of factors that can predict the likelihood of employees' intention to quit. The study included 480 Extension agents with less than 6 years of employment, representing 12 states in the southern United States. Findings indicate significant relationships between employee job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intention to quit.
Water Infiltration and Moisture in Soils under Conservation and Conventional Agriculture in Agro-Ecological Zone IIa, Zambia

Conservation agriculture is often presented as being ‘climate smart’ due to anticipated increases in soil moisture. The extent of enhanced water availability in farmers’ fields is, however, poorly documented. This paper presents five data sets describing soil moisture in fields of small-scale conservation and conventional farmers in the Agro-ecological Zone IIa, Zambia. The data include (1) soil cover; (2) time required for visible soil surface saturation, ponding and initial runoff under artificial rainfall; (3) saturated water infiltration rates; (4) weekly soil moisture at six soil depths for two entire rain seasons; and (5) weekly rainfall in each field. Measurements were done for 15 pairs of comparable fields under conservation and conventional agriculture. Pairwise analysis showed significantly shorter time for surface saturation, ponding, and runoff in conservation fields compared to conventional fields. Saturated infiltration rates in riplines and basins of conservation fields were similar to rates in ploughed/hoed fields. Infiltration rates between riplines and between basins were 31–37% lower than those in ploughed/hoed fields. Soil moisture in riplines and basins of conservation fields was higher by an average factor of 1.08 down to 40 cm soil depth, whereas it was lower by an average factor of 0.89 between plant rows compared to fields under conventional tillage. Based on 34,000 soil moisture measurements from 0 to 60 cm depth over two seasons, soils in conservation fields contained a weighted average of 18.2% (vol.) water compared to 19.9% (vol.) in conventional fields (p < 0.05). The results indicate that small-scale adopters of conservation agriculture are less ‘climate smart’ than conventional farmers in terms of water infiltration and soil moisture.
Acute effects of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine on dopamine metabolism in mouse and rat striatum

Monoamines and metabolites in mouse striatum were measured at intervals (0‐6 h) after injection of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 50 mg kg‐1 subcutaneously). In addition, the accumulation of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa), induced by inhibition of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase by 3‐hydroxybenzylhydrazihe (NSD 1015), was assessed during every 15 min (0‐135 min) after MPTP administration. The alterations induced by MPTP during the first hour after injection were a transient acceleration followed by a marked retardation of dopa synthesis, a decrease in 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC; −55%) and an increase in 3‐methoxytyramine (3‐MT; +400%). Between 60 and 75 min after administration, some dramatic changes took place: a 40% reduction of dopamine (DA), a marked additional increase in 3‐MT (to 1300% of control) and an increase in homovanillic acid (HVA; +50%). The period after 75 min was characterized by a further depletion of DA, a decrease in 3‐MT and a transient increase in HVA (max. 240% of control). Six hours after the administration, all concentrations of DA and its metabolites were subnormal, i.e. DA (30% of control), 3‐MT (10%), DOPAC (10%) and HVA (65%). The MPTP‐induced retardation of dopa synthesis was not antagonized by haloperidol or by reserpine pretreatment. MPTP (25 or 50 mg kg−1 s.c.) produced similar acute changes in the levels of DA and its metabolites in rat as in mouse striatum, though much less pronounced. Fourteen days after injection of MPTP (2 times 50 mg kg−1; 16 h interval) in mice, significant reductions in the striatal levels of NA, DA, 3‐MT, DOPAC, HVA and 5‐HT were observed. In rat striatum, no changes in the levels of monoamines and metabolites were noted 14 days after injection of MPTP (2 times 25 mg kg−1; 16 h interval). The possible mechanisms underlying the rather dramatic acute biochemical changes induced by MPTP as well as their relationship to the neurotoxic effect are discussed.
Sentiment Classification using Rough Set based Hybrid Feature Selection

Sentiment analysis means to extract opinion of users from review documents. Sentiment classification using Machine Learning (ML) methods faces the problem of high dimensionality of feature vector. Therefore, a feature selection method is required to eliminate the irrelevant and noisy features from the feature vector for efficient working of ML algorithms. Rough Set Theory based feature selection method finds the optimal feature subset by eliminating the redundant features. In this paper, Rough Set Theory (RST) based feature selection method is applied for sentiment classification. A Hybrid feature selection method based on RST and Information Gain (IG) is proposed for sentiment classification. Proposed methods are evaluated on four standard datasets viz. Movie review, product (book, DVD and electronics) review dataset. Experimental results show that Hybrid feature selection method outperforms than other feature selection methods for sentiment classification.
Acute Injuries in Recreational and Competitive Surfers

Background: There are an estimated 37 million surfers worldwide, with 2.5 million recreational surfers in Australia. The recreational activity and sport of surfing has grown dramatically since the 1960s, but scientific research has been poorly mirrored in comparison with most other mainstream sports. Purpose: To identify the incidence, severity, location, type, and mechanism of acute injuries in recreational and competitive surfers over a 12-month period. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: An online survey using an open-source survey application was utilized. The survey consisted of 2 primary sections: Section 1 included demographic information and participation levels (age, height, weight, hours surfed, competitive level); section 2 incorporated injury type, mechanism, severity, and injury management. Results: A total of 1348 participants (91.3% males; 43.1% competitive surfers) were included in data analysis. A total of 512 acute injuries were classified as major, providing an incidence proportion of 0.38 (CI, 0.35-0.41) acute injuries per year. The incidence rate was calculated to be 1.79 (CI, 1.67-1.92) major injuries per 1000 hours of surfing. The shoulder, ankle, and head/face regions had the highest frequencies of acute injury, representing 16.4%, 14.6%, and 13.3%, respectively. Injuries were predominantly of muscular, joint, and skin origin, representing 30.3%, 27.7%, and 18.9%, respectively. Skin injuries were primarily a result of direct trauma, while joint and muscular injuries were mainly a result of maneuvers performed and repetitive actions. Key risk factors that increased the incidence of sustaining an acute injury included competitive status, hours surfed (>6.5 hours/week), and the ability to perform aerial maneuvers. The incidence proportion for surfers completing aerial maneuvers was calculated to be 0.48 (CI, 0.39-0.58) major injuries per year, this being the highest incidence proportion irrespective of competitive status. Conclusion: This is the largest surfing-specific survey that included both recreational and competitive surfers conducted in Australia to date. The shoulder, ankle, head, and face were identified as the key regions where acute injuries occur in surfers. This research may aid in reducing the occurrence of injury through musculoskeletal screening in these key injury-prone regions and through the use of sport-specific strength training and conditioning.
The roles of learning orientation and passion for work in the formation of entrepreneurial intention

In order to extend understanding of the drivers that underlie entrepreneurial intention formation, this article investigates the hitherto underexplored roles of people’s learning orientation and passion for work. It considers how these personal characteristics may moderate the instrumentality of their perceived ability to become a successful entrepreneur, and perceptions of the attractiveness of becoming an entrepreneur. Using a survey of 946 university students, it finds that learning orientation and passion for work invigorate the role of these feasibility and desirability considerations in enhancing entrepreneurial intention. A follow-up analysis reveals that the moderating effects of learning orientation and passion for work on the perceived attractiveness–entrepreneurial intention relationship are stronger to the extent that people value the intrinsic goal of autonomy in their future career more, but these moderating effects are immune to the importance of the extrinsic goal of earning financial rewards. Several implications for research and practice emerge.
Double-blind controlled investigation of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of resistant major depression.

OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating resistant major depression were examined in a double-blind, controlled study. METHOD Eighteen medication-resistant depressed subjects were randomly assigned to 2 weeks of real or sham rTMS, then permitted up to 4 weeks of real rTMS. Effects on mood, neuropsychological function, EEG, and hearing were assessed. RESULTS The groups receiving real and sham rTMS improved in mood significantly over the 2-week double-blind period, but there was no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation did not provide significantly greater improvement than did sham treatment. A 4-week course of rTMS, as administered in this study, was safe.
Reflections on a professional development course for educational developers

Abstract Entry into the Fellowship of Staff and Educational Development Association is through the production of a professional portfolio which evidences the applicant’s achievement of the Fellowship requirements. Supporting and Leading Educational Change takes participants through the Fellowship process. The 12-week online course combines theory of educational development and change management, with group exercises and individual application to practice. Participants are educational developers who are themselves often facilitators of courses for university teachers. In this reflective case study the course tutors provide a personal reflection based on their experience of two very different cohorts. They review the cohorts to identify successful experiences and good practice. Drawing on the literature surrounding online learning, communities of practice and Lizzio’s senses for student success, they situate their reflections in the context of professional development in general and in educational development in particular.
Decay Estimates for Steady Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations in Two Dimensions in the Presence of a Wall

Let $\omega$ be the vorticity of a stationary solution of the two-dimensional Navier--Stokes equations with a drift term parallel to the boundary in the half-plane $\Omega_{+} = \{ (x,y) \in\mathbb{R}^{2} \mid y>1 \}$, with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions at $y=1$ and at infinity, and with a small force term of compact support. Then $|xy\omega (x,y)|$ is uniformly bounded in $\Omega_{+}$. The proof is given in a specially adapted functional framework, and the result is a key ingredient for obtaining information on the asymptotic behavior of the velocity at infinity.
Nutritional Recommendations for Patients With Heart Failure

Promoting optimal nutritional intake may play an important role in the management of patients with heart failure. Unfortunately, no nutritional guidelines are currently available to assist clinicians in assuring adequate nutritional intake of these patients. The purposes of this article are to review currently available information on nutrition in heart failure and outline initial recommendations for micronutrient, protein, and omega-3 fatty intake. In addition, implications regarding the recent data showing improved health outcomes in obese patients are also addressed.
Population structure of albacore Thunnus alalunga inferred from blood groups and tag-recapture analyses

Samples of albacore Thunnus alalunga from 6 locations worldwide were used for blood group analysis according to the binding patterns of 8 different lectins. Conventional tag recapture data was reviewed and a spatially structured tag attrition model was fitted to data from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Blood group analyses suggest that: (1) the Pacific population is the most distant from the others, (2) the Indian and the South Atlantic populations are proximate, (3) the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Guinea populations are proximate, (4) the Gulf of Guinea and the North Atlantic are distant from South Atlantic, and (5) the Mediterranean and the North Atlantic populations are distant. Migration rates between the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean obtained from the tag attrition model were low and thus, consistent with genetic results.
Forearm EMG response activity during motor performance in individuals prone to increased stress reactivity.

BACKGROUND Work-related Upper Extremity Disorders (WRUEDs) are conceived of as a multifactorial syndrome caused by the effects of excessive repetitive motions, sustained static postures, and muscular stiffness. Our aim is to test an etiological model derived from a theory by Van Galen and Van Huygevoort [2000] Biol Psychol 51:151-171. The theory holds that physical, emotional, and psychosocial stressors enhance muscular stiffness as a compensatory filtering of impoverished signal-to-noise ratios in the motor system. High individual levels of arousal, as measured by Spielberger et al. [1970], State and Trait Anxiety Test would further enhance a subject's predisposition to react with stiffness responses in conditions of stress. METHODS Ten participants with a high- and 10 with a low trait-anxiety score performed a computer task involving series of fast but well-dosed accelerations of the forearm along the surface of a digitizer. To induce cognitive stress a tone had to be remembered simultaneously with the aiming task. Pen-tip displacements and surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from four forearm muscles. RESULTS Memory load did not affect error rates but produced shorter reaction times and prolonged movement times. EMG data show that under stress overall levels of neuromotor activation were enhanced. High-anxious participants exhibited higher cocontraction levels than low-anxious participants. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the view that stress and muscular tension are closely related and may provide a clue to the origin of WRUEDs.
Automatic stimulus‐goal comparisons: Support from motivational affective priming studies

In three studies, we found that responses to positive targets were facilitated when the preceding prime was an exemplar belonging to the semantic category (i.e., animal or profession) that was rewarded on that particular trial, whereas responses to negative targets were facilitated when the prime belonged to the nonrewarded category. These findings indicate that the match between an actual (the prime) and a desired state (the rewarded category) can be determined automatically at the time of stimulus presentation, as is assumed in several appraisal theories of emotion (e.g., Frijda, 1986, 1993; Lazarus, 1991; Scherer, 1993).
Dynamic Trading and Asset Prices : Keynes vs

We investigate the dynamics of prices, information, and expectations in a competitive, noisy, dynamic asset pricing equilibrium model with long-term investors. We argue that the fact that prices can score worse or better than consensus opinion in predicting the fundamentals is a product of endogenous short-term speculation. For a given positive level of residual pay-off uncertainty, if liquidity trades display low persistence, rational investors act like market makers and accommodate the order flow and prices are farther away from fundamentals compared to consensus. This defines a “Keynesian” region; the complementary region is “Hayekian” in that rational investors chase the trend and prices are systematically closer to fundamentals than average expectations. The standard case of no residual uncertainty and liquidity trading following a random walk is on the frontier of the two regions and identifies the set of deep parameters for which rational investors abide by Keynes’ dictum of concentrating on an asset “long-term prospects and those only”. The analysis also explains momentum and reversal in stock returns and how accommodation and trend-chasing strategies differ from these phenomena.
Estrogen receptor &agr; and &bgr; polymorphisms: is there an association with bone mineral density, plasma lipids, and response to postmenopausal hormone therapy?

Objective and design: A cross-sectional segregation analysis of polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor (ER) genes (Pvull and Xbal in ERα, and Alul in ERAβ with bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and forearm and with lipid profile was performed in 1098 postmenopausal women. Additionally, in a subpopulation of 280 women, who completed 1 year of treatment with estrogen plus progestin, the association between genotypes and the response to treatment in both plasma lipids and bone was investigated. In another untreated subpopulation of 443 women, genotype influence on the prevalence of vertebral fractures and on annual rate of bone loss during a mean follow-up period of 11 years was estimated. Results: Baseline plasma lipids, bone mineral density, annual rate of bone loss and prevalence of spinal fractures were not significantly associated with polymorphisms in the ERβ gene. The ERA polymorphism was significantly associated with bone loss from the distal forearm (P = 0.04) but not with bone loss from the spine. After 1 year of treatment with hormone therapy there was also a significant association between the ERβ polymorphism and the response in total cholesterol (P = 0.02); while the ERα gene polymorphisms did not significantly influence the response to hormone therapy. Conclusions: In a large white population of postmenopausal women, ERα gene polymorphisms were not associated with bone mineral density or lipid profile at baseline or after hormone therapy. Conversely, the ERβ genotype appeared to segregate with bone loss from the forearm and to modulate the decrease in total cholesterol during hormone therapy.
PYY stimulates synthesis and secretion of intestinal apolipoprotein AIV without affecting mRNA expression.

We tested whether exogenous peptide YY (PYY) can stimulate synthesis and lymphatic secretion of intestinal apolipoprotein AIV (apo AIV). Rats with mesenteric lymph fistulas and right atrial cannulas were given continuous intravenous infusions of control vehicle or PYY at 25, 50, 75, 100, or 200 pmol . kg-1 . h-1. PYY (75-200 pmol . kg-1 . h-1) stimulated lymphatic apo AIV output from 1.5- to 3.5-fold higher than basal output. In separate experiments, PYY (100 pmol . kg-1 . h-1) produced a 60% increase in jejunal mucosal apo AIV synthesis but had no effect on mucosal apo AIV mRNA levels at doses up to 200 pmol . kg-1 . h-1. Finally, exogenous PYY infusion (100 pmol . kg-1 . h-1) produced a plasma PYY increment of 30 pM compared with an increment of 18.7 pM in response to ileal infusion of lipid. These results support the hypothesis that PYY may be an endocrine mediator of the effects of distal gut lipid on production and release of intestinal apo AIV, likely via a posttranscriptional mechanism of action.
GABAergic networks jump‐start focal seizures

Abnormally enhanced glutamatergic excitation is commonly believed to mark the onset of a focal seizure. This notion, however, is not supported by firm evidence, and it will be challenged here. A general reduction of unit firing has been indeed observed in association with low‐voltage fast activity at the onset of seizures recorded during presurgical intracranial monitoring in patients with focal, drug‐resistant epilepsies. Moreover, focal seizures in animal models start with increased γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneuronal activity that silences principal cells. In vitro studies have shown that synchronous activation of GABAA receptors occurs at seizure onset and causes sizeable elevations in extracellular potassium, thus facilitating neuronal recruitment and seizure progression. A paradoxical involvement of GABAergic networks is required for the initiation of focal seizures characterized by low‐voltage fast activity, which represents the most common seizure‐onset pattern in focal epilepsies.