Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colorectal cancer and defects in the mismatch repair and base excision repair systems

ABBREVIATIONS ACF aberrant crypt foci APC adenomatous polyposis coli ATM ataxia-telangiectasia mutated BER base excision repair BLM Bloom syndrome gene bp base pair BRCA1 and-2 breast and ovarian cancer genes 1 and 2 CDH1 cadherin 1 CHK2 checkpoint kinase 2 CIMP CpG island methylated phenotype CIN chromosomal instability COX-2 cyclo-oxygenase-2 CRC colorectal cancer CSGE conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis CtIP CtBP-interacting protein, retinoblastoma-binding protein 8 DAPK death-associated protein kinase DCC deleted in colorectal cancer DGGE denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis dHPLC denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography DNA deoxyribonucleic acid DSB double-strand break in DNA EB1 microtubule end binding EXO1 exonuclease 1 FANC Fanconi anaemia genes FAP familial adenomatous polyposis GI gastrointestinal GSK3β glycogen synthase kinase 3β GSTM1 and-T1 glutathione-S transferases Mu 1 and Theta 1 IDL insertion/deletion loops HNPCC hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer IGFII insulin-like growth factor II kb kilobase K-RAS gene coding for Harvey sarcoma virus homologue, Kirsten type LKB1 serine/threonine protein kinase 11 LOH loss of heterozygosity LOI loss of imprinting MDE mutation detection enhancement MGMT O6-methylguanine methyltransferase Min multiple intestinal neoplasia MLH1 and-3 human mutL (E. coli) homologues 1 and 3 MMR mismatch repair 6 MRE11 meiotic recombination protein 11 (S. cerevisiae) homologue MSH2,-3,-6 human mutS (E. coli) homologues 2, 3, and 6 MSI microsatellite instability, microsatellite-instable MSI-H high microsatellite instability MSI-L low microsatellite instability MSS microsatellite stable MTH1 human MutT (E. coli) homologue 1 MYH human MutY (E. coli) homologue NAT1 and-2 N-acetyl transferases 1 and 2 NBS1 mutated in Nijmegen breakage syndrome NER nucleotide excision repair NF neurofibromatosis OBR leptin receptor OGG1 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase O6-Meg O6-methylguanine 8-oxoG oxidized guanine lesion p short arm of the chromosome p16 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCR polymerase chain reaction PLA2G2A phospholipase A2, group 2A PMS1 and-2 postmeiotic segregation increased 1 and 2 PPAR peroxisome proliferative activated receptor PRL-3 protein-tyrosine phosphatase 3 q long arm of the chromosome RB retinoblastoma gene RECQL2 and-4 RECQ protein-like 2 and 4, DNA helicases RNA ribonucleic acid ROS reactive oxygen species SMAD2 and-4 human homologues of Drosophila melanogaster Mad genes 2 and 4 SRC human homologue of Rous sarcoma virus gene SSCP single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis STK15 serine/threonine kinase 15 TGF-β transforming growth factor-β TGF-βRII transforming growth factor-β receptor type II TP53 tumour protein 53 TTDA mutated in trichothiodystrophy UV ultraviolet XPA-G xeroderma pigmentosum syndrome genes 7 (2003). EXO1 variants occur commonly in normal population: evidence against a role …
Detection of Item Parameter Drift over Multiple Test Administrations

Three methods of detecting item drift were compared: the procedure in BILOG-MG for estimating linear trends in item difficulty, the CUSUM procedure that Veerkamp and Glas (2000) used to detect trends in difficulty or discrimination, and a modification of Kim, Cohen, and Park's (1995) χ 2 test for multiple-group differential item functioning (DIF), using linear contrasts on the discrimination and difficulty parameters. Data were simulated as if collected over 3, 4, or 5 time points, with parameter drift in either a gradual, linear pattern, a less linear but still monotonic pattern, or as a sudden shift at the third time point. The BILOG-MG procedure and the modification of the Kim et al. procedure were more powerful than the CUSUM procedure, nearly always detecting drift. All three procedures had false alarm rates for nondrift items near the nominal alpha. The procedures were also illustrated on a real data set.
Payer Status and Access to Laparoscopic Subtotal Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis

BACKGROUND: Medicaid populations have been shown to have inferior surgical outcomes, but less is known about their access to advanced surgical procedures. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate if patients with Medicaid and ulcerative colitis who presented for subtotal colectomy would have reduced access to the laparoscopic approach in comparison with a similar population with private insurance. DESIGN/SETTINGS/PATIENTS: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2008 to 2010, we identified all patients who underwent subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis. The &khgr;2 test and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors for laparoscopic subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the use of open or laparoscopic subtotal colectomy. Secondary end points included hospital length of stay and surgical outcomes. RESULTS: We identified a total of 2589 subtotal colectomy hospitalizations for ulcerative colitis (435 with Medicaid and 2154 with private insurance). The private insurance and Medicaid groups did not have significantly different mean age, sex, or Charlson scores (p > 0.05). Although 43% of the private insurance cohort received laparoscopic subtotal colectomy during their hospitalization, only 23% of the Medicaid population received equivalent care (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis that included age, sex, emergency status, hospital location, hospital size, teaching status, income, and Charlson score, urban teaching hospital status (p < 0.01), emergency status (p = 0.045), age <40 (p < 0.01), northeast location (p = 0.01), and private insurance status (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of the laparoscopic approach. LIMITATIONS: Administrative data have the potential for unrecognized miscoding or incomplete risk adjustment. Disease severity is not accounted for in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. CONCLUSION: Medicaid payer status was associated with reduced use of laparoscopic subtotal colectomy for ulcerative colitis. Although this finding may be due in part to physician preference or patient characteristics, health system factors appear to contribute to selection of the surgical approach.
Anti-social behaviour orders and young people with learning disabilities

This paper sets out to critically explore the use of anti-social behaviour orders (ASBOs) in relation to young people with learning disabilities. It brings together an emerging body of evidence, from a range of sources, which suggests that these marginalized and vulnerable young people are over-represented amongst those made subject to ASBOs. In this context it will provide a critique of existing practice, within both welfare and criminal justice agencies, which is typified by a lack of awareness and understanding of learning disability. Finally, it will suggest that the concept of diagnostic overshadowing may provide a useful way of thinking critically about current ASBO practice, and suggest that approaches which fail to address the underlying difficulties faced by young people with learning disabilities are unlikely to produce positive outcomes.
The effects of parents' working conditions and family economic hardship on parenting behaviors and children's self-efficacy

In this study we investigated the effects of parents' working conditions and family economic hardship on parenting behaviors, and their subsequent effects on the self-efficacy of adolescent children. We ran separate structural equation models for employed fathers (n 316) and mothers (n 316) in intact, dual-earner families. The models employed panel data at four points in time, and used multiple reporters to reduce measurement error Both the father's working conditions and the family's economic stress affected the father's parenting behaviors. For employed mothers, in rural dual-earner families, only family economic strain affected parenting behaviors; this finding was attributed to employment characteristics of the women in our sample. Parents' use of inductive parenting techniques and avoidance of harsh parenting behaviors, in turn, contributed to adolescents' self-efficacy. The effects of fathers'working conditions on parenting practices and children's outcomes remained robust even when family economic strain was included in the model.
A New Approach to Spatial Covariance Modeling of Functional Brain Imaging Data: Ordinal Trend Analysis

In neuroimaging studies of human cognitive abilities, brain activation patterns that include regions that are strongly interactive in response to experimental task demands are of particular interest. Among the existing network analyses, partial least squares (PLS; McIntosh, 1999; McIntosh, Bookstein, Haxby, & Grady, 1996) has been highly successful, particu-larly in identifying group differences in regional functional connectivity, including differences as diverse as those associated with states of aware-ness and normal aging. However, we address the need for a within-group model that identifies patterns of regional functional connectivity that ex-hibit sustained activity across graduated changes in task parameters. For example, predictions of sustained connectivity are commonplace in stud-ies of cognition that involve a series of tasks over which task difficulty increases (Baddeley, 2003). We designed ordinal trend analysis (OrT) to identify activation patterns that increase monotonically in their expres-sion as the experimental task parameter increases, while the correlative relationships between brain regions remain constant. Of specific interest are patterns that express positive ordinal trends on a subject-by-subject basis. A unique feature of OrT is that it recovers information about func-tional connectivity based solely on experimental design variables. In par-ticular, there is no requirement by OrT to provide either a quantitative model of the uncertain relationship between functional brain circuitry and subject variables (e.g., task performance and IQ) or partial informa-tion about the regions that are functionally connected. In this letter, we provide a step-by-step recipe of the computations performed in the new OrT analysis, including a description of the inferential statistical meth-ods applied. Second, we describe applications of OrT to an event-related fMRI study of verbal working memory and H2 15 O-PET study of visuo-motor learning. In sum, OrT has potential applications to not only studies of young adults and their cognitive abilities, but also studies of normal aging and neurological and psychiatric disease.
Critical geragogy : situating theory in practice

The goal of this article is to document the planning and coordination of an older adult learning program premised upon the tenets of critical geragogy. The learning program took place in Dingli, Malta, and was called "Age-friendly communities: the case of Dingli. " Its purpose was to open spaces for older learners to participate in the development of a curriculum that makes our experiences of power, privilege, and discrimination explicit. Its objectives were twofold: to what extent does critical geragogy raise older learners' consciousness of their role in the society and hence unlock older adults' critical imagination? And secondly, to what extent does critical geragogy lead older learners to engage in a social activity that has the potential to change their lives for the better? As far as this learning program is concerned, there is no doubt about the potential of critical geragogy to help older learners locate their positions and voices, as well as to create spaces for resistance, subversions and new possibilities. As the direct consequence of this course, a small group of older Maltese elders currently are more knowledgeable about the structural issues hindering the establishment of age-friendly policies. Yet, critical geragogy's promise to lead older adults from "reflection" to "action" seems more problematic and difficult to achieve in practice. On the basis of this article's data, it seems that as individuals grow older, they tend to experience a shift from material to transcendent values which eclipses their interest in political commitments.
Negative autoregulation of the Rhizobium meliloti fixK gene is indirect and requires a newly identified regulator, FixT

fixK genes are crp/fnr homologues that have been discovered in diverse Rhizobium spp. , in which they are usually essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. One recurrent function of fixK genes in rhizobia is to activate the transcription of operons required for respiration in the microoxic environment of the nodule. In a similar manner to its Escherichia coli crp and fnr homologues, R. meliloti fixK regulates its own expression negatively. However, we demonstrate here that fixK negative autoregulation is not direct and, instead, involves a newly identified gene, fixT, the expression of which depends on fixK. Inactivation of fixT resulted in derepression of fixK expression under free‐living microoxic conditions. Furthermore, constitutively expressed fixT strongly repressed fixK–lacZ expression in the absence of a functional fixK gene. Several lines of evidence indicate that fixT is active via its protein product FixT. FixT does not resemble any protein present in databases so far. Nodules induced by a fixT mutant were Fix+, thus demonstrating that fixT is not essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Définition de la performance hospitalière : une enquête auprès des divers acteurs stratégiques au sein des hôpitaux

Cet article presente les resultats d’une enquete menee aupres des cadres et des representants syndicaux des hopitaux belges francophones sur leur conception de la performance. Le questionnaire a ete construit a partir d’un modele theorique de la performance developpe par Sicotte et al. (1998), lui-meme reposant sur la theorie de l’action sociale de Parsons (1951, 1977). L’analyse factorielle des reponses confirme le fait que la performance est percue comme un construit multidimensionnel. De plus, la structure factorielle se rapproche assez bien du modele theorique de depart, avec cependant quelques reorganisations interessantes des items a l’interieur et entre les dimensions. Enfin, la comparaison des scores factoriels fait ressortir des divergences d’opinion importantes entre les differentes categories professionnelles sur les caracteristiques des hopitaux consideres comme performants.
Child Language, Aphasia and Phonological Universals

Find loads of the child language aphasia and phonological universals book catalogues in this site as the choice of you visiting this page. You can also join to the website book library that will show you numerous books from any types. Literature, science, politics, and many more catalogues are presented to offer you the best book to find. The book that really makes you feels satisfied. Or that's the book that will save you from your job deadline.
Evaluation of an Electronic Patient Record in a Nursing Home: One Size Fits All?

In a nursing home an Electronic Patient Record (EPR) is implemented to replace the paper records. Objective: The research aimed to measure the adoption of the EPR by the end-users, and to measure the suitability of the EPR for the context of a nursing home. Methods: A paper questionnaire is distributed to all 341 care providers who used the EPR daily. 130 (38%) responses were included in the research. The questionnaire comprised questions about use of the EPR, ease of use, and support of providing care. Additional twelve interviews are held based on the USE IT-framework. Results: Most appreciated is the access anywhere, anytime, and the legibility. Medical staff was less satisfied, because the EPR was less supportive to their task. Conclusion: The EPR fits the context of the nursing home and is adopted by the care providers. But additional functionalities are needed to support multi-disciplinary collaboration.
Decreased retinal nerve fibre layer thickness detected by optical coherence tomography in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy

Background: It is difficult to assess the degree of optic nerve damage in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy, especially just after the onset of visual loss, when the optic disc typically looks normal. Aim: To evaluate changes in retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with optic neuropathy within 3 months of cessation of ethambutol treatment. Design: A retrospective observational case series from a single neuro-ophthalmology practice. Methods: 8 patients with a history of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy were examined within 3 months after stopping ethambutol treatment. All patients underwent a neuro-ophthalmologic examination, including visual acuity, colour vision, visual fields and funduscopy. OCT was performed on both eyes of each patient using the retinal nerve fibre layer analysis protocol. Results: The interval between cessation of ethambutol treatment and the initial visit ranged from 1 week to 3 months. All patients had visual deficits characteristic of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy at their initial visit, and the follow-up examination was performed within 12 months. Compared with the initial RNFLT, there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean RNFLT of the temporal, superior and nasal quadrants (p = 0.009, 0.019 and 0.025, respectively), with the greatest decrease in the temporal quadrant (mean decrease 26.5 μm). Conclusions: A decrease in RNFLT is observed in all quadrants in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy who have recently discontinued the medication. This decrease is most pronounced in the temporal quadrant of the optic disc.
Cause of Death With Graft Function Among Renal Transplant Recipients in an Integrated Healthcare System

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in renal transplant recipients with a functioning allograft. Modification of CVD risk factors may, therefore, decrease overall mortality in this patient population. We studied renal transplant recipients within an integrated healthcare system (IHS) that uses case management and electronic health records to determine mortality from CVD. Methods. We retrospectively collected data on all renal transplant recipients over a 10-year period. The primary endpoint was death with graft function (DWGF). Cardiovascular events were used as secondary endpoints. We determined the cause of death and collected laboratory data. The data were analyzed using Student's t test for continuous data, chi square for categorical data, and multivariate logistic regression. Survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. Results. Death from “other” causes accounted for 29%. This was followed by CVD (24%), infection (16%), and malignancy (12%). The most common “other” causes were diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease. Overall, lower hemoglobin, uncontrolled blood pressure, and lower albumin levels were associated with DWGF. There were 184 cardiovascular events in total. Low-density lipid levels were lower in the group with cardiovascular events and DWGF. The use of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic agents was similar between the two groups with the exception of diuretics, which were used more often in the DWGF group. Conclusions. There was a low rate of DWGF because of CVD within this IHS. It is possible that coordinated care within an IHS leads to improved cardiovascular mortality.
Does university students' attachment to their social class background promote their expectations of moving up the social class hierarchy?

Research on social class in higher education indicates that students with a lower social class background are less integrated in the university setting (Rubin, 2012), have poorer academic outcomes (e.g., Walpole, 2003), and lower expectations of social mobility (Jetten et al., 2008). The novelty of the present research is that students’ social class background was conceptualized in terms of a collective identity (Ashmore et al., 2004) that may have beneficial consequences. The present research demonstrated that university students’ social class background is a meaningful aspect of the self involving attachment (a sense of belonging to one’s class background), private regard(feeling good about one’s class background), and public regard (perceptions of how much others value one’s class background). On the basis of attachment theory (Mikulincer & Shaver, 2007), it was theorized that students’ attachment to their social class background is a psychological resource that promotes exploration and success, which would be reflected in their greater integration in the university milieu and their greater expectations of upward class mobility via their studies. As expected, in Study 1(N = 959), working and middle class students’ greater attachment to their class background was associated with greater belonging in the student community as well as with greater expectations of upward mobility. Attachment to one’s class background was distinct from private and public regard for one’s class background, as well as from attachment to parents and friends, and from perceived support from parents. In Studies 2 and 3 (total N = 298), the salience of attachment to and private regard for one’s class background were manipulated. As expected, students in the attachment condition reported greater expectations of mobility relative to students in the private regard condition. The findings are discussed with regards to prior research on social class, the social identity model of identity change, and the origins of attachment to one’s social class background.
How Dispositional Optimists and Pessimists Evaluate their Past, Present and Anticipated Future Life Satisfaction: A Lifespan Approach

Dispositional optimism is typically conceptualized with respect to generalized positive expectancies for personal future outcomes. The present work draws on lifespan development theory to evaluate how dispositional optimists and pessimists from across the lifespan evaluate their past, present and anticipated future life satisfaction (LS). Using data from an American probability sample (n = 3871, ages = 30–84 years, 55% female), I compared dispositional optimists and pessimists across six age decades. Subjective LS trajectories reflected in mean trends in ratings of past, present and future LS were contoured by lifestage, revealing inclining trajectories among young dispositional optimists and pessimists and declining trajectories among older optimists and pessimists. After adjusting for age–specific normative trends, however, differences between dispositional optimists and pessimists in subjective LS trajectories were consistent across lifestage, revealing a single dissociative pattern wherein optimists rated their past, present and anticipated future LS more positively than did pessimists. Of the three temporal perspectives, evaluations of present (rather than past or future) LS were most consistently related to dispositional optimism. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transitional Justice versus Traditional Justice: The Basque Case

Transitional justice is often understood as a field or a toolkit that facilitates the establishment of “justice” and rule of law in post-conflict societies. It is also the interdisciplinary understanding and study of that toolkit or field. This article explores to what extent transitional justice is a relevant way of understanding the transformations taking place in the Basque Country in the post-conflict situation created since the final ceasefire was declared by ETA on October 20, 2011. The article analyses different aspects of the field of transitional justice and the experience in Spain and the Basque Country. It underlines the prevalence of truth-seeking processes (over amnesia) and of addressing violations and victims’ suffering to conclude with the need to enhance the rule of law and traditional— individualised—justice and transitional justice.