Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning and Study Strategies of Students with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Mixed Method Study.

The purpose of this research was to explore the perceptions of four college students with severe traumatic brain injury and people associated with them regarding the use of learning skills and study strategies. The researchers employed a concurrent mixed method design using descriptive quantitative data as well as qualitative multiple case study data. Qualitative data came from interviews with the students with traumatic brain injury and three to four people associated with each of them; quantitative data was from the participants with traumatic brain injury and 15 to 26 of their same-class peers using the Learning and Study Skills Strategies Inventory ([LASSI] Weinstein, Shulte, & Palmer, 1987). Findings revealed disparities in perception between the students with traumatic brain injury and participants associated with them as well as between the qualitative and quantitative data sets of the student participants with traumatic brain injury. These differences appeared to reflect limitations in the student participants’ awareness of their deficits. Despite the apparent academic success of the student participants, questions exist about the appropriateness of various accommodation strategies in maximizing postsecondary achievement and facilitating self-awareness of challenges associated with traumatic brain injury.
The Effect of Information on Product Quality: Evidence from Restaurant Hygiene Grade Cards

This study examines the effect of an increase in product quality information to consumers on firms' choices of product quality. In 1998 Los Angeles County introduced hygiene quality grade cards to be displayed in restaurant windows. We show that the grade cards cause (i) restaurant health inspection scores to increase, (ii) consumer demand to become sensitive to changes in restaurants' hygiene quality, and (iii) the number of foodborne illness hospitalizations to decrease. We also provide evidence that this improvement in health outcomes is not fully explained by consumers substituting from poor hygiene restaurants to good hygiene restaurants. These results imply that the grade cards cause restaurants to make hygiene quality improvements.
Effect of inclusion of Azolla pinnata on the haematological and carcass characteristics of crossbred large white yorkshire pigs.

Aim: To study the haematological and carcass parameters of pigs fed with Azolla based rations. Materials and Methods: An experiment was done for 120 days using 18 crossbred Large White Yorkshire pigs fed with diets containing Azolla as protein replacement at 0, 10 and 20 percent, respectively. The mean haematological parameters of the three experimental groups were studied before start of an experiment, and during the grower phase and finisher phase. Two pigs from each group were slaughtered after 120 days of experimental feeding to study the carcass parameters. Results: Haematological parameters like PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC were studied and found that there were no significant (P > 0.05) differences between means of the three groups except for MCV and MCH during growing phase. There was no significant difference among the pigs fed different rations for the various carcass characteristics. A higher dressing percentage was observed in T3 pigs (83.45 percent) followed by T2 pigs (81.37 percent) and T1 pigs (81.18 percent). It was noticed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the means of fat percentage and it was observed that fat percentage was higher in T1 (2.11) followed by T2 (2.04) and T3 (1.27). Conclusion: Sun dried Azolla inclusion upto 20 percent in the diets did not appear to affect the haematological and carcass parameters of pigs. Further it was observed that, inclusion of Azolla in the diets of swine helped to obtain higher dressing percentage and pork with less fat percentage when compared to that of pigs fed with conventional concentrates.
The measurement of individual consistency

Coqelations are often falsely interpreted as measures ofconsistency at the individ­ uallevel. This misinterpretation is a special case ofthe general tendency among psychologists to confuse relations obtained' within aggregates of individuals with relations within individ­ ) uals. In the case of correlations, this tendency is particularly strong because of a lack of measures that tap the consistency between interindividual differences at the level ofthe single case. A coefficient of individual consistency is proposed which is consistent with the correla­ tion at the aggregate level insofar as its mean is identical with the correlation. Statistical properties of the coefficient are delineated and illustrated with Monte-Carlo studies for bivariate normal distributions. A transformation is suggested that normalizes the skewed distribution of the individual stabilities for these distributions. Some applications of these coefficiepts are iIlustrated with data on the longitudinal stability ofchildren's social behavior.
Enhanced myogenic responsiveness of renal interlobular arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We recently demonstrated that the interlobular artery (ILA) constricts in response to elevating renal arterial pressure (RAP), suggesting that the ILA contributes to renal autoregulation. In the present study, we examined the segmental myogenic responsiveness of the ILA in kidneys from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The tapered nature of the ILA allowed us to characterize the regional responsiveness, using the basal diameter to define segments as either proximal (greater than 60 microns), intermediate (40-60 microns), or distal (less than 40 microns). At 80 mm Hg, segmental diameters were similar in WKY and SHR arteries (proximal, 76.0 +/- 3.1 versus 71.6 +/- 3.5 microns; intermediate, 48.2 +/- 1.4 versus 48.1 +/- 1.7 microns; distal, 30.7 +/- 0.9 versus 27.9 +/- 1.3 microns for WKY and SHR, respectively). In both strains, intermediate and distal segments exhibited graded reductions in diameter as RAP was elevated, whereas proximal segments did not. Pressure-induced decrements in the diameters of distal ILA segments were similar in WKY (-24 +/- 2%) and SHR (-20 +/- 2%; p greater than 0.1). The intermediate ILA of SHR exhibited an augmented myogenic responsiveness, constricting at lower RAP levels and exhibiting greater maximal decrements in diameter at 180 mm Hg (i.e., -19 +/- 2% and -12 +/- 2% for SHR and WKY, respectively; p less than 0.05). Nifedipine (1.0 microM) reduced pressure-induced vasoconstriction of intermediate and distal ILA segments by 56 +/- 11% and 79 +/- 7%, respectively, in WKY. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Recent cooling in coastal southern Greenland and relation with the North Atlantic Oscillation

Analysis of new data for eight stations in coastal southern Greenland, 1958–2001, shows a significant cooling (trend‐line change −1.29°C for the 44 years), as do sea‐surface temperatures in the adjacent part of the Labrador Sea, in contrast to global warming (+0.53°C over the same period). The land and sea temperature series follow similar patterns and are strongly correlated but with no obvious lead/lag either way. This cooling is significantly inversely correlated with an increased phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over the past few decades (r = −0.76), and will probably have significantly affected the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
The chemical compositions and fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi muscle in young Simmental bulls.

The objective of this paper was to analyse the carcass characteristics (live weight at slaughter, hot and cold carcass weight, fat weight and fat ratio in cold carcass weight), chemical composition and fatty acid profi le of the Simmental cattle longissimus dorsi muscle (MLD). The experiment was carried out on 20 young bulls (sons of sires in progeny testing for meat quality). The average live weight at slaughter (LWS) was 555 ± 12.47 kg, hot carcass weight (HCW) 332.6 ± 7.88 kg, cold carcass weight (CCW) 331.3 ± 8.43 kg, fat weight 15.9 ± 0.81 kg, fat ratio in CCW was 4.89 ± 0.23%. The average chemical composition of MLD was as follows: dry matter 24.84 ± 0.17%, water 75.16 ± 0.17%, protein 20.46 ± 0.26%, intramuscular fat 3.28 ± 0.06% and ash 1.11 ± 0.01%. Linear correlation was calculated for all parameters and high correlations were found between LWS, HCW and CCW, as expected, but there was no signifi cant effect of LWS on the chemical composition of the longissimus dorsi muscle. Intramuscular fat (IMF) consisted on average of 48.04 ± 0.59%, 47.58 ± 0.71% and 4.16 ± 0.25% of total fatty acids (FA) as saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), respectively. The PUFA/SFA ratio for beef was low, at around 0.1, similar to that reported by other authors. As expected, the level of MUFA correlated highly with the Δ9-desaturase (18) index (r = 0.84) and elongation index (r = 0.54). Statistically signifi cant correlations between specifi c fatty acids, LWS, fat and IMF were generally weak. The percentages found of SFA and PUFA, as well as the PUFA/ SFA ratio, were in accordance with results reported by other authors but still unfavourable for human health. To improve the unfavourable characteristics of beef, further study should include genetic parameters that affect the FA composition of beef beside the other factors mentioned above.
Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with transformation from adenosquamous carcinoma to osteosarcomatoid and spindle cell morphology

Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast refers to a heterogenous group of mammary carcinomas that contain a mixture of various cell types, including squamous cells, spindle cells and/or a mesenchymal component, such as bone or cartilage. To the best of our knowledge, the clinical course of a tumour that has undergone a transformation from one type of metaplastic carcinoma to another subtype has not previously been reported. The present study reports the five-year clinical and pathological course of a metaplastic breast carcinoma in a 55-year-old female, who was diagnosed with a sclerosing fibroadenomatous nodule with osseous metaplasia and focal atypia. A recurrent tumour was documented four years later, showing a predominant component of osteosarcoma with adenosquamous carcinoma. Upon pathological review of the initial mass, the diagnosis was changed to low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma. The patient was treated with breast conserving therapy. However, one year later, a recurrent metaplastic carcinoma with spindle cell morphology was documented and surgically removed by mastectomy. Subsequently, pulmonary invasion of the chest wall occurred and the patient eventually succumbed due to the invasive nature of the disease.
A visually-impaired english learner in the context of virtual environments: analyzing learning strategies

espanolEl objetivo principal de este reporte de investigacion es exponer como aprende ingles un estudiante con limitacion visual en el contexto de los cursos virtuales en una universidad publica colombiana. Esto se llevo a cabo a traves del analisis de las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por el estudiante en las tutorias. El analisis desde una perspectiva cualitativa mediante observaciones y entrevistas ayudo a determinar que los tutores que trabajan con estudiantes con necesidades especiales deben enfocarse en las fortalezas y estrategias de aprendizaje que estos han desarrollado y analizar las posibles nuevas estrategias implementadas por ellos. Adicionalmente, este analisis ayudo a tener una mirada mas de cerca a la forma en que estas estrategias de aprendizaje (cognitivas, metacognitivas y socioafectivas) no fueron usadas de manera aislada sino simultanea y sincronica y como han sido impulsadas por el contexto laboral del estudiante con limitacion visual, su motivacion, su interes en el idioma e incluso por su escases de vista EnglishThe main objective of this research report is to expose how a visually impaired student learns English in the context of virtual environments in a Colombian public university. This was done through the analysis of the learning strategies used by the students in the tutorial sessions. Analysis from a qualitative perspective through observations and interviews helped to determine that tutors should work with a student with special needs by focusing on the strengths and learning strategies he or she has developed and analyze the new possible strategies implemented by them. In addition, this analysis helped to have a closer view of the way these learning strategies were not used separately but simultaneously and concurrently and how they have been boosted by the working context of the VIS, his motivation and interest on the language and even his lack of sight.
Interactional and pragmatics-related prosodic patterns in mandarin dialog

The roles of prosody vary from language to language. In European languages prosody is largely involved in pragmatics, but this may be less true for other languages, especially tone languages. As a case study this paper examines Mandarin. Using telephone dialog data and a semi-automatic bottom-up analysis method based on Principal Components Analysis, we identify a dozen prosodic patterns in Mandarin which appear to have pragmatic and/or interactional significance. Examination of the overall fraction of prosodic variation explained by different factors also suggests that Mandarin uses prosody heavily for pragmatic functions in dialog.
Effect of total organic content of eggs on hatching success and naupliar survival in the copepod Calanus helgolandicus

We collected female Calanus helgolandicus weekly from 12 July to 16 August 1993 at a station southwest of Plymouth, England. We estimated the amount of food available by analyzing surface-water samples for total particulate protein, carbohydrate, and lipid in three size fractions: 0.6-100, 5-100, and 10-100 pm. Size and the protein, carbohydrate, and lipid content of the eggs laid by these females varied with time and were positively correlated with the amount of food available. An experiment with adult female C. helgolandims kept at six different food concentrations confirmed the field results. Hatching success and naupliar survival under starvation increased with egg size. Thus, variation in egg size is important to the population dynamics of this species. Much of the seasonal change in the population densities of marine copepods can be ascribed to variability in egg production which, in turn, is affected by temperature and food quantity and quality. In addition to breeding intensity per se, the hatching success of the eggs and the survival of the early larval stages may aho affect recruitment to populations of marine copepods (‘Mullin 199 1). In some freshwater rotifers and cladocerans, egg size depends on the amount of food available (Guisande and Gliwicz 1992). Since protein and lipid contents of the eggs in cladocerans vary directly with egg size (Guisande and Gliwicz 1992), the size of the egg reflects the amount of resources allocated to an individual neonate. Prcsumably for this reason, the survival of neonates of two cladoceran species increased when the eggs were larger (Gliwicz and Guisande 1992). Our aim was to determine whether the organic content of the eggs (absolute amount of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid) of the marine copepod
Pea3 Transcription Factor Family Members Etv4 and Etv5 Mediate Retrograde Signaling and Axonal Growth of DRG Sensory Neurons in Response to NGF

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a target-derived neurotrophic growth factor that controls many aspects of sensory and sympathetic neuronal development. The identification of transcription factors and downstream target genes that mediate NGF-dependent neuronal differentiation and target field innervation is currently a major challenge. Here, we show that the Pea3 transcription factor family members Etv4 and Etv5 are expressed by developing TrkA-positive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons during the period of target innervation. Real-time PCR assays indicated that Etv4 and Etv5 mRNAs are significantly induced by NGF in different neuronal cells, suggesting that they could be involved in the biological responses induced by this neurotrophin. Interestingly, distal axon application of NGF in compartmentalized cultures of rat DRG sensory neurons was sufficient to induce a significant increase in Etv4 and Etv5 mRNA expression. Pharmacological assays also revealed that activation of MEK/ERK (MAPK) pathway is required for Etv4 and Etv5 gene induction in response to NGF. Downregulation of Etv4 and Etv5 using small interference RNA knockdown experiments inhibited NGF-induced neurite outgrowth of rat sensory neurons, while overexpression of full-length Etv4 or Etv5 potentiated neuronal differentiation in response to this neurotrophin. Together, these data establish Etv4 and Etv5 as essential molecules of the transcriptional program linking neurotrophin signaling to sensory neuronal differentiation, and suggest that they can be involved in NGF-mediated target innervation.
Factors that impact the success of an organizational change: a case study analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that impact the success of an organizational change within an organization under study. Design/methodology/approach Five hypotheses were developed to investigate independent variables as possible factors affecting employees’ commitment to change. The research is based on a three-step process consisting of a literature review and field research through survey and interviews. The literature review served to establish an important foundation for understanding the problem. The field research involved employees taking part in the change completing a survey. Individual interviews were also conducted with management level employees actively involved in the change process. The paper is an empirical-based case analysis. Findings The results demonstrate that employees’ commitment to change, in this organization, can be improved through increasing formal and informal communication, creating adaptive organizational systems and enhancing the role of transformational leaders during the change. Research limitations/implications Sample size was affected due to the limited availability of employees during a specific organizational cycle. Increased sample size would allow further investigation about employees’ commitment to change. Additional research could be done on how the company’s systems and practices can be adapted to change. Practical implications The success of a change project is critical for its future strategy and major project implementation. It is crucial that a systematic process be followed to implement this change. It is suggested that the John Kotter’s “eight” step change management model be adopted as a framework to the implementation plan. Social implications New behaviors are subject to degradation if they are not ingrained in social norms and shared values, i.e. if they do not become part of the culture. Managers emphasized that, even though they are creating a new team, they recognize the importance not to create a “Monster” or a new alien culture. Leaders must make sure that all new behaviors required for the integration become part of the existing culture. Originality/value The paper provides insight in some of the factors that lead to a successful organizational change and team integration. The paper recommends four steps to address communication, organizational systems and culture to improve employees’ commitment to change.
Clones of FeSOD, MDHAR, DHAR Genes from White Clover and Gene Expression Analysis of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes during Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments

Increased transcriptional levels of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes play important protective roles in coping with excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To fully elucidate different evolutions and functions of ROS-scavenging enzymatic genes, we isolated iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) from white clover for the first time and subsequently tested dynamic expression profiles of these genes together with previously identified other antioxidant enzyme genes including copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione reductase (GR), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in response to cold, drought, salinity, cadmium stress and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) or spermidine (Spd) treatment. The cloned fragments of FeSOD, DHAR and MDHAR genes were 630, 471 and 669 bp nucleotide sequences encoding 210, 157 and 223 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both amino acid and nucleotide sequences of these three genes are highly conservative. In addition, the analysis of genes expression showed the transcription of GR, POD, MDHAR, DHAR and Cu/ZnSOD were rapidly activated with relatively high abundance during cold stress. Differently, CAT, APX, FeSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD exhibited more abundant transcripts compared to others under drought stress. Under salt stress, CAT was induced preferentially (3–12 h) compared to GR which was induced later (12–72 h). Cadmium stress mainly up-regulated Cu/ZnSOD, DHAR and MDHAR. Interestingly, most of genes expression induced by ABA or Spd happened prior to various abiotic stresses. The particular expression patterns and different response time of these genes indicated that white clover differentially activates genes encoding antioxidant enzymes to mitigate the damage of ROS during various environmental stresses.
Hungarian Vowel Harmony

A system of phonological rules and representations has at least two aims: one is to describe the way in which words (and larger stretches of utterances) are realized in speech, and to state which logically possible streams of speech sounds are legitimate in the language under description { this is part of observational adequacy. The other aim is to capture the pattern of sounds characteristic of the language in question { this is part of descriptive adequacy. Phonological feature systems play a pivotal role in the realization of these two aims: on the one hand, they contribute to observational adequacy by virtue of their phonetic interpretation, which ties the abstract units (phonemes) employed in phonology to articulatory (and perhaps perceptual) correlates. On the other hand, they contribute to descriptive adequacy by classifying these units intònatural classes' according to the phonemic patterning of the language. In Section 1 I will argue that in the case of Hungarian vowels, the aims of observational and descriptive adequacy are in connict, because the qualitative diierences between short and long vowels are only phonetic: the phonological patterning of Hungarian vowels makes it necessary to treat long vowels as gem-inates. This result will not only call into question the existing treatments of Hungarian vowel harmony, but also raises a larger question: if phonetic facts do not serve as an infallible guide in feature analysis, what is the content of the fea-tures? I will argue that the substantive content of phonological theory is largely independent of the intrinsic content of the features, and that the predictive power of the theory lies with the restrictions it puts on the use of features. In Section 2 I will provide the groundwork for a discussion of the use of features by presenting the pattern of vowel alternations in Hungarian in a pre-Add am NN adasdy, Livia Poll anyi, and P eter Siptt ar for their comments and criticisms on various versions of the manuscript.