Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using the Argumentative Structure of Scientific Literature to Improve Information Access

MEDLINE/PubMed contains structured abstracts that can provide argumentative labels. Selection of abstract sentences based on the argumentative label has shown to improve the performance of in- formation retrieval tasks. These abstracts make up less than one quarter of all the abstracts in MEDLINE/PubMed, so it is worthwhile to learn how to automatically label the non-structured ones. We have compared several machine learn- ing algorithms trained on structured ab- stracts to identify argumentative labels. We have performed an intrinsic evalua- tion on predicting argumentative labels for non-structured abstracts and an extrinsic evaluation to predict argumentative labels on abstracts relevant to Gene Reference Into Function (GeneRIF) indexing. Intrinsic evaluation shows that argumen- tative labels can be assigned effectively to structured abstracts. Algorithms that model the argumentative structure seem to perform better than other algorithms. Extrinsic results show that assigning ar- gumentative labels to non-structured ab- stracts improves the performance on GeneRIF indexing. On the other hand, the algorithms that model the argumentative structure of the abstracts obtain lower per- formance in the extrinsic evaluation.
Contact sensitivity in women with anogenital dermatoses

Patients and Methods 201 women with anogenital dermatoses were referred to our contact dermatitis clinic over 14 years: Ill had a diagnosis of eczema, in 44 the diagnosis was unknown and in 46 the diagnosis was one of the following; psoriasis, lichen planus, vestibulitis or lichen sclerosus. 103 had a dermatosis only involving the vulva, 42 had perianal involvement only, and 56 had dermatoses involving both sites. They were tested against the European standard series, a medicament series, a corticosteroid series and their own topical medicaments. Other specific allergens were tested where relevant. Patches were removed and read at 2 days and again at 4 days.
Identification of Critical Items on the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – 2 (MAYSI-2) in Incarcerated Youth

Previous research has indicated that the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – Second Version (MAYSI-2) has clinical utility in screening and identifying justice-involved youth with mental health problems. In an effort to expand research on the validity of the MAYSI-2, the current study investigated patterns of endorsement on MAYSI-2 items to identify “critical items” that may serve as important indicators of serious mental health problems. Results identified a subset of MAYSI-2 items for male (13 items) and female youth (14 items) that hold promise in identifying youth with serious mental health problems. Gender-specific critical items scales were formed with optimized categorical cut-scores identified which were comparable to the standard MAYSI-2 scale scoring procedures. The critical items scales produced excellent internal consistency and promising predictive validity. Potential clinical applications and steps for further validation of this adjunctive scoring approach are offered.
Intrabody Gene Therapy Ameliorates Motor, Cognitive, and Neuropathological Symptoms in Multiple Mouse Models of Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease resulting from the expansion of a glutamine repeat in the huntingtin (Htt) protein. Current therapies are directed at managing symptoms such as chorea and psychiatric disturbances. In an effort to develop a therapy directed at disease prevention we investigated the utility of highly specific, anti-Htt intracellular antibodies (intrabodies). We previously showed that VL12.3, an intrabody recognizing the N terminus of Htt, and Happ1, an intrabody recognizing the proline-rich domain of Htt, both reduce mHtt-induced toxicity and aggregation in cell culture and brain slice models of HD. Due to the different mechanisms of action of these two intrabodies, we then tested both in the brains of five mouse models of HD using a chimeric adeno-associated virus 2/1 (AAV2/1) vector with a modified CMV enhancer/chicken β-actin promoter. VL12.3 treatment, while beneficial in a lentiviral model of HD, has no effect on the YAC128 HD model and actually increases severity of phenotype and mortality in the R6/2 HD model. In contrast, Happ1 treatment confers significant beneficial effects in a variety of assays of motor and cognitive deficits. Happ1 also strongly ameliorates the neuropathology found in the lentiviral, R6/2, N171-82Q, YAC128, and BACHD models of HD. Moreover, Happ1 significantly prolongs the life span of N171-82Q mice. These results indicate that increasing the turnover of mHtt using AAV-Happ1 gene therapy represents a highly specific and effective treatment in diverse mouse models of HD.
Statistical and scaling behavior of structural relaxation effects in phase-change memory (PCM) devices

The phase-change memory (PCM) technology represents one of the most attractive concepts for next generation data storage. PCM behavior is mainly limited by the structural relaxation (SR) and by the crystallization of an amorphous chalcogenide material: the ternary alloy Ge2Sb2Te5. SR is a local structural-rearrangement at the atomic/bonding scale and crystallization is the reaching of a periodic atomic structure. While the retention capabilities related to crystallization have been already extensively addressed in the literature, both at the single-cell and at the statistical level, those related to SR have been mainly studied at the intrinsic level and a statistical analysis at the device level is still lacking. The purpose of this paper is to study the statistical and scaling behavior of the SR phenomenon in PCM devices, through experimental and modeling tools, allowing for long term, physics-based, reliability extrapolations in large-scaled PCM arrays.
On the (Un)intended Consequences of Forgiveness: Creativity After Conflict

Title of Dissertation: On the (Un)intendend Consequences of Forgiveness: Creativity After Conflict Ryan Fehr, Ph.D., 2010 Dissertation directed by: Professor Michele J. Gelfand Department of Psychology Within the psychological and organizational sciences, research on forgiveness as an offender-directed motivational response to victimization is flourishing. Scholars have drawn from a wide range of theoretical perspectives to better understand the meaning of forgiveness and the antecedents of victims’ forgiving motivations. Underlying this research is a near-unanimous assumption that forgiveness leads to beneficial outcomes, which has paradoxically hampered scholars’ understanding of the precise nature of those benefits. The purpose of the current research is to consider a previously unforeseen yet broadly significant potential consequence of forgiveness – creativity. Drawing from evolutionary process models of creative performance (Simonton, 1999; 2003), forgiveness is theorized to impact creativity by broadening the set of ideas, concepts, and knowledge structures utilized during the creative process, referred to collectively as the participant’s “domain set”. Specifically, forgiveness and creativity are theoretically linked via three distinct mechanisms: mood, motivation, and cognitive resources. Two pilot studies were conducted to ensure the efficacy of a forgiveness priming procedure and explore a theoretically consistent set of lab-based creative performance measures. Three primary studies were subsequently conducted to fully test the effect of forgiveness on creative performance and the theorized mediating mechanisms. In Study 1, a brainstorming task was utilized to provide initial support for the forgivenesscreativity link and the role of domain set over simple task persistence. Mood was furthermore measured as a mediating mechanism. Study 2 replicated and extended the Study 1 findings via a different creativity task (creative drawing) and tests of both mood and motivation as potential mediators. In Study 3, further evidence for a forgivenesscreativity effect was sought via a creative problem solving exercise (the Duncker candle task). Mood and motivation were again measured as mediators. In addition, the cognitive resource theory was explored via the addition of a cognitive load manipulation. Results cumulatively supported the cognitive resource perspective. In all three studies, forgiveness predicted creative performance. The forgiveness-creativity link disappeared under cognitive load (Study 3), but was unrelated to victim mood (Studies 1-3) or motivation (Studies 2 and 3). In the discussion section, theoretical and practical implications are reviewed along with limitations and potential future directions. ON THE (UN)INTENDEND CONSEQUENCES OF FORGIVENESS: CREATIVITY AFTER CONFLICT
CD31 Expression in Intratumoral Macrophages: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

CD31 (platelet endothelial adhesion molecule, PECAM-1) is generally regarded to be the most sensitive and specific endothelial marker in paraffin sections. We have recently encountered several cases in which intratumoral CD31-positive macrophages were misinterpreted as evidence of a vascular sarcoma. We therefore reviewed our last 1950 consultation cases with respect to cases in which CD31 immunostains were performed, to determine the frequency of CD31 expression in macrophages in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue and how often the presence of these cells was a source of diagnostic confusion. CD31 immunohistochemistry had been performed on 59 of 1950 (3%) of cases. These 59 cases consisted of both vascular (20 cases) and nonvascular tumors (39 cases). CD31-positive macrophages were distinguished from endothelial or tumor cells by correlation with the morphologic features and the immunohistochemical staining pattern of the cells of interest. In no case was CD31 positivity seen in the lesional cells of a nonvascular tumor. CD31-positive macrophages were identified in 48 of 59 (81%) cases. CD31-positive macrophages were present in 34 of 39 (87%) nonvascular tumors. A vascular tumor was diagnosed or favored by the referring pathologist in 15 of these 39 cases (38%). In 14 of these 15 cases CD31 immunostains were performed by the referring pathologist; 13 (93%) showed CD31-positive macrophages. In 4 of these 14 cases (29%) the misdiagnosis of a vascular tumor was based primarily or in part on the misinterpretation of CD31-positive macrophages as tumor cells. In all cases with CD34 and CD68 immunostains, the CD31-positive macrophages were CD34 negative and CD68 positive. We conclude that CD31 expression is very common in macrophages. Misinterpretation of CD31-positive macrophages as tumor cells may result in the erroneous diagnosis of a primary vascular neoplasm. Recognition of the characteristic granular, membranous pattern of CD31 expression in macrophages and careful distinction from tumor cells should allow the accurate interpretation of CD31 immunohistochemistry in possible vascular neoplasms. CD31 may also be useful as a nonlysosomal marker of macrophages in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections.
Visual and non-visual contributions to perception of object movement during observer movement

Accurate estimation of object movement is difficult for moving observers, since it is unclear whether to attribute retinal motion to movement of the object or observer. Recently, we have proposed a purely visual neural mechanism (? flow parsing? ) which aids in this process by attempting to globally filter retinal motion due to observer movement. Here we investigate the contributions of visual and non-visual information to object movement perception during pursuit eye movements. Participants tracked a pursuit target amongst a background of stereoscopically presented wireframe objects and made judgements about the trajectory of a probe dot moving vertically upwards on the retina (assuming perfect tracking of the target). Eye movements were recorded and trials on which tracking was poor were excluded. Extra-retinal (E) movement information was manipulated by changing the target speed. Retinal (R) movement information was manipulated by changing the relative speed between the target and background. Using a 2IFC procedure, on each trial participants saw the reference stimulus, for which R and E were in conflict (E = 3 deg/s; R = 5 deg/s ? achieved by moving the background in the opposite direction to the target at 2 deg/s) and a comparison stimulus, for which R and E were equal (E = R = 1, 2,., 7 deg/s). Participants judged the interval in which probe movement was more vertical. If probe trajectory perception was based on extra-retinal information alone then the PSE of the recovered psychometric function would be 3 deg/s. PSEs above 3 deg/s indicate some contribution of the retinal information. For all (N=3) observers, PSEs were considerably greater than 3 deg/s and, assuming a linear combination rule, the associated estimated weights for R were between 25% and 49%. We conclude that visual self movement information is involved in the estimation of object movement, even when extra-retinal information is present.
[Camptocormia: a sign of axial myopathy. Report of 7 cases].

PURPOSE Camptocormia or progressive lumbar kyphosis is an anterior bend of the trunk. It appears in orthostatism or while walking and is reducible in the decubitus position. It concerns patients older than 60 years of age. It is due to a fatty degeneration of the paravertebral muscles, although the physiopathology remains unclear. METHODS We report seven cases of camptocormia revealing authentic myopathies. RESULTS Our observations concern five women and two men of 55 to 72 years of age. All patients present lumbar kyphosis and had a fatty involution of the paraspinal muscles on the muscular MRI. Four patients fulfilled the Bohan and Peter criteria of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. In the other cases paravertebral muscular biopsies led to the diagnosis of a congenital myopathy, a mitochondrial myopathy and an amyloid myopathy. Four patients received a corticosteroid-immunoglobulins or cyclosporin regimen. An improvement in the camptocormia was observed in three cases. In the other cases the treatment consisted of chemotherapy on account of severe nephrotic syndrome, a coenzyme-Q treatment for the patient with mitochondrial myopathy and only physiotherapy in the case of congenital myopathy, but without positive effect on camptocormia. CONCLUSION Camptocormia appears as a muscular symptom that may reveal an axial myopathy due to multiple and varied pathologies. Thus, the discovery of camptocormia requires an aetiological investigation in order to propose an adequate treatment, which should be associated with physiotherapy.
Late Oligocene–early Miocene birth of the Taklimakan Desert

Significance The formation of the Taklimakan Desert marked a major geological event in central Asia during the Cenozoic, with far-reaching impacts. Deposition of both eolian sand dunes in the basin center and the genetically equivalent loessite along the basin margins provide evidence for the birth of the Taklimakan Desert. This paper resolves a long-standing debate concerning the age of the Taklimakan Desert, specifically whether it dates to ∼3.4–7 Ma, currently the dominant view. Our result shows that the desert came into existence during late Oligocene–early Miocene, between ∼26.7 Ma and 22.6 Ma, as a result of widespread regional aridification and increased erosion in the surrounding mountain fronts, both of which are closely linked to the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan–Pamir Plateau and Tian Shan. As the world’s second largest sand sea and one of the most important dust sources to the global aerosol system, the formation of the Taklimakan Desert marks a major environmental event in central Asia during the Cenozoic. Determining when and how the desert formed holds the key to better understanding the tectonic–climatic linkage in this critical region. However, the age of the Taklimakan remains controversial, with the dominant view being from ∼3.4 Ma to ∼7 Ma based on magnetostratigraphy of sedimentary sequences within and along the margins of the desert. In this study, we applied radioisotopic methods to precisely date a volcanic tuff preserved in the stratigraphy. We constrained the initial desertification to be late Oligocene to early Miocene, between ∼26.7 Ma and 22.6 Ma. We suggest that the Taklimakan Desert was formed as a response to a combination of widespread regional aridification and increased erosion in the surrounding mountain fronts, both of which are closely linked to the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan–Pamir Plateau and Tian Shan, which had reached a climatically sensitive threshold at this time.
Validation of a Novel Combination Hearing Aid and Tinnitus Therapy Device

Objectives: Most patients with tinnitus also have hearing loss. Hearing aids have been well-documented to provide amelioration for both hearing and tinnitus problems. Some hearing aids have built-in noise/sound generators that are intended to provide added benefit to patients with tinnitus. It has not been proven, however, whether these “combination instruments” are more effective for tinnitus management than hearing aids alone. The purpose of this study was to collect initial data addressing this question. Design: Thirty individuals meeting study requirements (bothersome tinnitus, hearing aid candidate, and no use of hearing aids for the previous 12 months) were enrolled. All participants initially completed the primary outcome questionnaire (Tinnitus Functional Index [TFI]) and then returned to be fitted with combination instruments. The hearing aid portion of the devices was adjusted to optimize hearing ability. Participants were then randomized to either the experimental group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). The experimental group had the noise feature of the instruments activated and adjusted to achieve optimal relief from tinnitus. The control group did not have the noise portion activated. Following the hearing aid fitting, all study participants also received brief tinnitus counseling. Participants returned 1 to 2 weeks later for a follow-up appointment to confirm proper fit of the instruments and to make any necessary programming adjustments. Additionally, they returned 3 months after the fitting to complete the TFI, which also concluded their participation in the study. Results: Both groups revealed significant improvement, as indicated by reductions in mean TFI index scores. Differences between groups at 3 months were not statistically significant. However, the experimental group showed a mean reduction in the TFI score that was 6.4 points greater than that for the control group. The difference approached significance (p = 0.09), suggesting that a larger group of participants may have resulted in a significant difference between groups. This possibility is tempered by the fact that effect sizes, which control for variation, were very similar between groups. Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that the use of hearing aids alone or hearing aids plus the use of sound generators both provide significant benefit with respect to alleviating effects of tinnitus. A larger controlled clinical trial is needed to obtain more definitive results regarding the two configurations of hearing aids.
Late acute rejection and subclinical noncompliance with cyclosporine therapy in heart transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND Although noncompliance with immunosuppressive medication is recognized as a critical behavioral risk factor for late acute rejection episodes and graft loss after transplantation, little is known about the degree of subclinical cyclosporine noncompliance, its associated risk for acute late rejection episodes (>1 year after transplantation), and its determinants in heart transplant recipients. METHODS The convenience sample of this longitudinal study included 101 European heart transplant recipients (87 men and 14 women), with a median age of 56 (Q1 = 50, Q3 = 61) and a median posttransplantation status of 3 (range 1 to 6) years. Subclinical cyclosporine noncompliance was measured during a 3-month period with electronic event monitoring. Selected sociodemographic, behavioral, cognitive, emotional, health, and treatment-related determinants of medication noncompliance were measured by using instruments with established psychometric properties or by patient interviews. With the use of iterative partitioning methods of cluster analysis, including nonstandardized electronic event monitoring compliance parameters, patients were categorized by degree of subclinical cyclosporine noncompliance into a 3-cluster solution. RESULTS Overall compliance was high, with a median medication taking compliance of 99.4%. The 3 derived clusters, that is, excellent compliers (84%), minor subclinical noncompliers (7%), and moderate subclinical noncompliers (9%), differed significantly by degree of subclinical noncompliance (p < .0001) and showed a 1.19%, 14.28%, and 22.22% incidence of late acute rejections (p = .01), respectively. The 3 groups also differed in terms of former medication noncompliance (p = .02), appointment noncompliance (p = .03), and perceived self-efficacy with medication taking (p = .04). CONCLUSIONS Although in absolute numbers cyclosporine compliance in this sample was high, minor deviations from dosing schedule were associated with an increased risk for acute late rejection episodes. This suggests a pivotal role of patient compliance in successful long-term outcome after transplantation.
The role of information technology in supply chain integration

Firms face a new challenge in integrating the various activities of the supply chain by moving away from vertical integration and towards outsourcing. Supplier integration and logistics integration are two most important types of integration in Supply Chain Management (SCM). In this study, we evaluate the effects of the use of different Information Technologies (ITs) on these two types of the supply chain integration. A cross-sectional mail survey was used to collect empirical data. The results provide empirical evidence supporting the fact that IT facilitates the supplier as well as logistics integration.
XML Schema Automatic Matching Solution

Schema matching plays a key role in many different applications, such as schema integration, data integration, data warehousing, data transformation, E-commerce, peer-to-peer data management, ontology matching and integration, semantic Web, semantic query processing, etc. Manual matching is expensive and error-prone, so it is therefore important to develop techniques to automate the schema matching process. In this paper, we present a solution for XML schema automated matching problem which produces semantic mappings between corresponding schema elements of given source and target schemas. This solution contributed in solving more comprehensively and efficiently XML schema automated matching problem. Our solution based on combining linguistic similarity, data type compatibility and structural similarity of XML schema elements. After describing our solution, we present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Social-perspective coordination and gifted adolescents’ friendship quality

This research examined links among academic ability, social-perspective coordination, and friendship quality, within the context of gifted adolescents’ friendships. The sample consisted of 120 early adolescents (59 girls, 61 boys), 81 of whom were identified as gifted. Academic ability, sex, and grade significantly predicted social-perspective coordination (an indicator of psychosocial maturity) in multiple regression analyses. Social-perspective coordination, perceptions (self-concept) of ability to make and keep friends, academic ability, sex, and grade predicted perceptions of the overall quality of friendships. Being a female, seventh grader, or adolescent not identified as gifted, significantly predicted higher friendship quality. Social-perspective coordination and self-concept based on having a close friend predicted higher levels of friendship quality for the gifted participants.