Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inside dropbox: understanding personal cloud storage services

Personal cloud storage services are gaining popularity. With a rush of providers to enter the market and an increasing offer of cheap storage space, it is to be expected that cloud storage will soon generate a high amount of Internet traffic. Very little is known about the architecture and the performance of such systems, and the workload they have to face. This understanding is essential for designing efficient cloud storage systems and predicting their impact on the network. This paper presents a characterization of Dropbox, the leading solution in personal cloud storage in our datasets. By means of passive measurements, we analyze data from four vantage points in Europe, collected during 42 consecutive days. Our contributions are threefold: Firstly, we are the first to study Dropbox, which we show to be the most widely-used cloud storage system, already accounting for a volume equivalent to around one third of the YouTube traffic at campus networks on some days. Secondly, we characterize the workload users in different environments generate to the system, highlighting how this reflects on network traffic. Lastly, our results show possible performance bottlenecks caused by both the current system architecture and the storage protocol. This is exacerbated for users connected far from storage data-centers. All measurements used in our analyses are publicly available in anonymized form at the SimpleWeb trace repository: http://traces.simpleweb. org/dropbox/
Using occlusal wear information and finite element analysis to investigate stress distributions in human molars

Simulations based on finite element analysis (FEA) have attracted increasing interest in dentistry and dental anthropology for evaluating the stress and strain distribution in teeth under occlusal loading conditions. Nonetheless, FEA is usually applied without considering changes in contacts between antagonistic teeth during the occlusal power stroke. In this contribution we show how occlusal information can be used to investigate the stress distribution with 3D FEA in lower first molars (M1). The antagonistic crowns M1 and P2–M1 of two dried modern human skulls were scanned by μCT in maximum intercuspation (centric occlusion) contact. A virtual analysis of the occlusal power stroke between M1 and P2–M1 was carried out in the Occlusal Fingerprint Analyser (OFA) software, and the occlusal trajectory path was recorded, while contact areas per time‐step were visualized and quantified. Stress distribution of the M1 in selected occlusal stages were analyzed in strand7, considering occlusal information taken from OFA results for individual loading direction and loading area. Our FEA results show that the stress pattern changes considerably during the power stroke, suggesting that wear facets have a crucial influence on the distribution of stress on the whole tooth. Grooves and fissures on the occlusal surface are seen as critical locations, as tensile stresses are concentrated at these features. Properly accounting for the power stroke kinematics of occluding teeth results in quite different results (less tensile stresses in the crown) than usual loading scenarios based on parallel forces to the long axis of the tooth. This leads to the conclusion that functional studies considering kinematics of teeth are important to understand biomechanics and interpret morphological adaptation of teeth.
Photolysis of Sulfuric Acid Vapor by Visible Solar Radiation

Atmospheric field measurements and models of the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer led to the suggestion that sulfuric acid (H2SO4) must photolyze at high altitudes. We propose that excitation of vibrational overtones of H2SO4 and its hydrate in the near-infrared and visible leads to photolysis, forming sulfur trioxide (SO3) and water. On the basis of absorption cross sections calculated with ab initio methods calibrated to experimental measurements, we estimatedJ values that are sufficient to explain stratospheric and mesospheric sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations and the observation of the sulfate layer.
SGLT2 inhibition: efficacy and safety in type 2 diabetes treatment

Introduction: Inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporters type 2 (SGLT2) offer a new opportunity for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These agents reduce hyperglycemia by decreasing the renal glucose threshold and thereby increasing urinary glucose excretion. Subsequent reduction of glucotoxicity improves beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and tissue insulin sensitivity. Areas covered: This article analyzes the efficacy and safety data of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in randomized controlled trials of 24 – 104 weeks duration, compared with placebo or an active comparator, in patients treated with diet/exercise, metformin, dual oral therapy or insulin. Expert opinion: SGLT2 inhibitors significantly and consistently reduce glycated hemoglobin, with a minimal risk of hypoglycemia. The improvement of glucose control is similar or slightly better compared with metformin, sulfonylureas or sitagliptin, with the add-on value of significant reductions in body weight and blood pressure. However, caution is recommended in fragile elderly patients and patients with chronic kidney disease. An increased risk of genital mycotic infections is observed, but urinary tract infections are rare. Concern about an unexpected risk of euglycemic ketoacidosis has been recently reported. A possible renal protection deserves further attention. A remarkable reduction in cardiovascular mortality was reported in EMPA-REG OUTCOME with empagliflozin.
Comportamento de dor: análise funcional e alguns dados experimentais

The pain analysis can be done from different perspectives, depending on the theorical basis for this study. The present paper is based on the behavioral analytic perspective, understanding pains as a covert behavior. We analyze some animal studies demonstrating that pain can be a function ontogenetic processes (operant or respondent learning) moreover the phylogenetics ones. We conclude that it is necessary more interaction among the different sciences interested on the pain study, like the Physiology, Pharmacology or Behavior Analysis.
Spatial Resolution of High-Velocity Filaments in the Narrow-Line Region of NGC 1068: Associated Absorbers Caught in Emission?

Using the STIS spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we have obtained a grid of [O III] λλ4959, 5007 and Hβ emission-line spectra at 0. ″05 × 0. ″19'' and 60 km s-1 (FWHM) resolution that covers much of the narrow-line region (NLR) of NGC 1068. We find emitting knots that have blueshifted radial velocities up to 3200 km s-1 relative to galaxy systemic, are 70-150 pc northeast of the nucleus and up to 40 pc from the radio jet, emit several percent of the NLR line flux but no significant continuum, span a small fraction of the sky as seen from the nucleus, coincide with a region of enhanced IR coronal-line emission, show gradients in radial velocities of up to 2000 km s-1 in 7 pc, span velocity extents averaged over 0. ″1 × 0. ″2 regions of up to 1250 km s-1, and have ionization parameter U ≳ 0.1 and ionized masses ~500 M☉/ne,4 (ne,4 = 104 cm-3). The brightest parts of the blueshifted knots are often kinematically contiguous with more massive clouds nearer the jet that are moving with velocities of ≤1300 km s-1 relative to galaxy systemic. However, some knots at 1. ″5-2. ″5 radii appear as bright points in a broken shell of radius ~0. ″55 (40 pc) that is expanding at up to 1500 km s-1, implying a dynamical age of ~1.3 × 104 yr. Between 2. ″5 and 4. ″5 from the nucleus, emission is redshifted relative to systemic, a pattern that we interpret as gas in the galaxy disk being pushed away from us by the northeast radio lobe. We argue that the blueshifted knots are ablata from disintegrating molecular clouds that are being photoionized by the active galactic nucleus (AGN), and are being accelerated radiatively by the AGN or mechanically by the radio jet. In their kinematic properties, the knots resemble the associated absorbers seen projected on the UV continua of some AGNs.
Diversity within the VP4 Gene of Rotavirus P[8] Strains: Implications for Reverse Transcription-PCR Genotyping

ABSTRACT A degenerate version (1T1-D) of the rotavirus P[8]-specific primer (1T-1) allowed strains previously untypeable due to the accumulation of point mutations at the primer binding site to be P typed by reverse transcription-PCR. Sequencing of the cDNA followed by sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis identified lineages and sublineages within the rotavirus P[8] types, while the use of 1T-1 or 1T-1D primers did not yield viral clusters in any particular lineage.
Control of photovoltaic grid connected using different control strategies

A control method for two-stage utility grid-connected photovoltaic power conditioning systems (PCS) is proposed. This approach enables maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control with post-stage inverter current information instead of calculating solar array power although no information is needed on PV array, which significantly simplifies the controller and the sensing part. In addition fuzzy logic control (FLC) method is presented and show difference between this method and other methods to control the PV power. In addition a combination of FLC with PCS is tested. MPPT using FLC has advantages of better performance, robust and simple design. In addition, this technique does not require the knowledge of the exact model of system and it can handle the nonlinearity. Modelling, controller design, simulation study of a grid connected PV system, and the overall configuration of the grid connected PV system is present.
Hyper-coordination via mobile phones in Norway

Introduction The mobile telephone is a big part of my life . A mobile telephone is actually an expression of your personality . These words of two teenaged female informants describe their relationship to the mobile telephone. Yet their use of the device is a recent phenomenon. None of the teens included in this analysis had had a mobile telephone for more than four years. What is surprising is the degree to which the mobile telephone has been integrated into their lives. It is not simply a security device, nor is it used only to coordinate everyday events spontaneously. It is used for a range of interaction and is also important as a symbol. Our chapter looks at how the mobile telephone's adoption has yielded new forms of interaction and especially coordination. We call these micro-coordination and hyper-coordination. In Norway, where the analysis has taken place, the mobile telephone is well entrenched. With more than half the population armed with at least one mobile phone, no other country, save Finland, has a higher per capita consumption. The penetration is even higher among certain groups. In one of the focus groups, five of nine boys had two mobile telephones. For example, as of May 2001, as many as 94% of the oldest teens have a mobile telephone (Ling, forthcoming). Owing to the recent yet explosive growth of mobiles, it is quite noticeable as a cultural phenomenon. All the informants, even the youngest ones, remember life before its popularization.
riceaustraliensis Oryzaretrotransposition-driven genomic expansions in Doubling genome size without polyploidization : Dynamics of data

Access the most recent version at doi: published online Sep 8, 2006; Genome Res. Darshan S. Brar, Scott Jackson, Rod A. Wing and Olivier Panaud Benoit Piegu, Romain Guyot, Nathalie Picault, Anne Roulin, Abhijit Saniyal, Hyeran Kim, Kristi Collura, , a wild relative of rice australiensis Oryza retrotransposition-driven genomic expansions in Doubling genome size without polyploidization: Dynamics of
Deceleration and Acceleration Capacities in Risk Stratification for Arrhythmias in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk for both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Autonomic dysregulation may be responsible for the development of arrhythmias in these patients, and its analysis could be useful for identifying those at high risk for arrhythmias. Study Question: Our purpose is to analyze the role of acceleration capacity (AC) and deceleration capacity (DC), novel markers of the autonomic balance, as potential arrhythmic risk predictors in patients with COPD. Study Design: We prospectively included 47 patients diagnosed with COPD, and a control group of 64 age-matched subjects without COPD. AC and DC values were obtained using 24-hour Holter monitoring. The arrhythmias were isolated premature atrial complexes, supraventricular tachycardias, isolated premature ventricular beats (PVC), and combined ventricular arrhythmias consisting in ventricular tachycardias or more than 10 PVC per hour. Results: Supraventricular arrhythmias and isolated PVC were more frequent in the COPD group. The DC was significantly lower (3.10 vs. 5.60, P < 0.0001) and AC higher (−4.60 vs. −6.60, P = 0.002) in patients with COPD. DC was identified as a predictor of arrhythmic events with an area under the curve (AUC) for premature atrial complexes >70/d of 0.72 (0.56–0.87, P = 0.013), for supraventricular tachycardias 0.76 (0.62–0.90, P = 0.002), and for combined ventricular arrhythmias 0.69 (0.54–0.82, P = 0.025). AC was predictor only for combined ventricular arrhythmias with an AUC of 0.74 (0.58–0.85, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Patients with COPD associate a significant autonomic imbalance and a higher incidence of arrhythmias. DC could be a strong predictor for supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with COPD with no clinically apparent cardiac disease. AC could be useful alongside with DC regarding the risk for ventricular arrhythmias, but seems to have lesser value as a predictor for supraventricular arrhythmias.
Measurement of the angular correlation function of radio galaxies from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey

We quantify the angular distribution of radio sources in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) by measuring the two-point angular correlation function w(θ). By careful consideration of the resolution of radio galaxies into multiple components, we are able to determine both the galaxy angular clustering and the size distribution of giant radio galaxies. The slope of the correlation function for radio galaxies agrees with that for other classes of galaxy, γ = 1.8, with a 3D correlation length r 0 ∼ 6 h - 1 Mpc (under certain assumptions). Calibration problems in the survey prevent clustering analysis below S 1 . 4 GHz = 10 mJy. About 7 per cent of radio galaxies are resolved by NVSS into multiple components, with a power-law size distribution. Our work calls into question previous analyses and interpretations of w(θ) from radio surveys.
Gaji, Kepemimpinan, dan Sikap Rekan Kerja Pengaruhnya terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Askes (Persero) Cabang Manado

Kinerja karyawan yang optimal merupakan aspek penting bagi suatu organisasi. Kinerja karyawan menunjukkan kemampuan, produktivitas serta tingkat pelayanan yang mampu dicapai. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja karyawan diantaranya gaji, gaya kepemimpinan serta sikap dari pada teman sekerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada individu-individu dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden berdasarkan metode penggunaan sampel metode analisis data dengan alat analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan gaji, kepemimpinan dan sikap rekan sekerja secara signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan. Untuk itu pimpinan PT. Askes maupun pihak terkait perlu memperhatikan dan menyesuaikan program dan kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan kinerja karyawan dalam instansi. Saran yang disampaikan pimpinan PT. Askes maupun pihak terkait perlu memperhatikan kepemimpinan dan di organisasi menyesuaikan gaji, dan sikap rekan kerja. Kata kunci: gaji, kepemimpinan, sikap rekan kerja, kinerja.
The professoriate in the field of educational administration: Insights from an analysis of journal authors' curricula vitae

Purpose – Based on a qualitative content analysis of 57 curricula vitae of authors who published their work in the major journals of the educational administration (EA) field, this paper seeks to display the career of EA authors and to suggest some epistemological implications for the field.Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on both quantitative and qualitative modes of inquiry, according to which the curricula vitae is seen as a document that is susceptible to textual analysis.Findings – EA authors receive their academic degrees in a host of disciplines from many countries and universities, usually work in the compulsory educational system, and hold many academic roles in their university. They teach courses, conduct research and publish works on a host of topics, three of which are very widespread: leadership, managerial processes, and organisational aspects.Originality/value – The analysis acquaints the reader with some of many aspects of the professoriate in diverse countries, and hel.
Stochastic Network Formation and Homophily

We survey and synthesize models of network formation based on random graphs and stochastic processes. We organize the material according to whether the population is treated as fixed or dynamic. We pay particular attention to the effects of homophilous linking on network structure. Finally, we discuss empirical and econometric issues based on stochastic network formation models.
SURE-Based Non-Local Means

Non-local means (NLM) provides a powerful framework for denoising. However, there are a few parameters of the algorithm-most notably, the width of the smoothing kernel-that are data-dependent and difficult to tune. Here, we propose to use Stein's unbiased risk estimate (SURE) to monitor the mean square error (MSE) of the NLM algorithm for restoration of an image corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. The SURE principle allows to assess the MSE without knowledge of the noise-free signal. We derive an explicit analytical expression for SURE in the setting of NLM that can be incorporated in the implementation at low computational cost. Finally, we present experimental results that confirm the optimality of the proposed parameter selection.
Communication and Aging

Contents: Preface. Communication and Aging: Pragmatic and Theoretical Considerations. Attitudes and Ageism. Relational Considerations. Mass Media Use and Aging. Mass Communication Theory and Media Portrayals of Elderly People. Work, Leisure, and Retirement. Aging and the Family: Marital Relationships. Aging and the Family: Relational Lifestyle Changes. Aging and the Family: Parents, Grandparents, and Siblings. Friendship and Aging. Barriers to Conversation Facing Elderly People. Health, Communication, and Aging. Death and Dying. Successful Aging.
Multisensory convergence in auditory cortex, II. Thalamocortical connections of the caudal superior temporal plane

Recent studies of macaque monkey auditory cortex have revealed convergent auditory and somatosensory activity in the caudomedial area (CM) of the belt region. In the present study and its companion (Smiley et al., J. Comp. Neurol. [this issue]), neuroanatomical tracers were injected into CM and adjacent areas of the superior temporal plane to identify sources of auditory and somatosensory input to this region. Other than CM, target areas included: A1, caudolateral belt (CL), retroinsular (Ri), and temporal parietotemporal (Tpt). Cells labeled by injections of these areas were distributed mainly among the ventral (MGv), posterodorsal (MGpd), anterodorsal (MGad), and magnocellular (MGm) divisions of the medial geniculate complex (MGC) and several nuclei with established multisensory features: posterior (Po), suprageniculate (Sg), limitans (Lim), and medial pulvinar (PM). The principal inputs of CM were MGad, MGv, and MGm, with secondary inputs from multisensory nuclei. The main inputs of CL were Po and MGpd, with secondary inputs from MGad, MGm, and multisensory nuclei. A1 was dominated by inputs from MGv and MGad, with light multisensory inputs. The input profile of Tpt closely resembled that of CL, but with reduced MGC inputs. Injections of Ri also involved CM but strongly favored MGm and multisensory nuclei, with secondary inputs from MGC and the inferior division (VPI) of the ventroposterior complex (VP). The results indicate that the thalamic inputs of areas in the caudal superior temporal plane arise mainly from the same nuclei, but in different proportions. Somatosensory inputs may reach CM and CL through MGm or the multisensory nuclei but not VP. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:924–952, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development and validation of UV spectrophotometric method for orbifloxacin assay and dissolution studies

New, simple and cost effective UV-spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of orbifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation. Orbifloxacin was estimated at 290 nm in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. Linearity range was found to be 1.0-6.0 μg mL-1. The method was tested and validated for various parameters according to main guidelines. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of orbifloxacin in tablets. The results demonstrated that the procedure is accurate, precise and reproducible, while being simple, economical and less time consuming. It can be suitably applied for the estimation of orbifloxacin in routine quality control and dissolution studies.
A First Practical Algorithm for High Levels of Relational Consistency

Consistency properties and algorithms for achieving them are at the heart of the success of Constraint Programming. In this paper, we study the relational consistency property R(*,m)C, which is equivalent to m-wise consistency proposed in relational databases. We also define wR(*,m)C, a weaker variant of this property. We propose an algorithm for enforcing these properties on a Constraint Satisfaction Problem by tightening the existing relations and without introducing new ones. We empirically show that wR(*,m)C solves in a backtrack-free manner all the instances of some CSP benchmark classes, thus hinting at the tractability of those classes.
Anterior identity is established in chick epiblast by hypoblast and anterior definitive endoderm

Previous studies of head induction in the chick have failed to demonstrate a clear role for the hypoblast and anterior definitive endoderm (ADE) in patterning the overlying ectoderm, whereas data from both mouse and rabbit suggest patterning roles for anterior visceral endoderm (AVE) and ADE. Based on similarity of gene expression patterns, fate and a dual role in `protecting' the prospective forebrain from caudalising influences of the organiser, the chick hypoblast has been suggested to be the homologue of the mouse anterior visceral endoderm. In support of this, when transplanted to chick embryos, the rabbit AVE induces anterior markers in the chick epiblast. To reevaluate the role of the hypoblast/ADE (lower layer) in patterning the chick ectoderm, we used rostral blastoderm isolates (RBIs) as an assay, that is, rostral regions of blastoderms transected at levels rostral to the node. RBIs are, therefore, free from the influences of Hensen's node and ingressing axial mesoderm - tissues that are able to induce Ganf, the earliest specific marker of anterior neural plate. We demonstrate, using such RBIs (or RBIs dissected to remove the lower layer with or without tissue replacement), that the hypoblast/ADE (lower layer) is required and sufficient for patterning anterior positional identity in the overlying ectoderm, leading to expression of Ganf in neuroectoderm. Our results suggest that patterning of anterior positional identity and specification of neural identity are separable events operating to pattern the rostral end of the early chick embryo. Based on this new evidence we propose a revised model for establishing anteroposterior polarity, neural specification and head patterning in the early chick that is consonant with that occurring in other vertebrates.