Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Domain Decomposition Method for the Helmholtz equation and related Optimal Control Problems

We present an iterative domain decomposition method to solve the Helmholtz equation and related optimal control problems. The proof of convergence of this method relies on energy techniques. This method leads to eecient algorithms for the numerical resolution of harmonic wave propagation problems in heterogeneous media and their control. Une m ethode de d ecomposition de domaine pour l' equation de Hemlholtz et les probl emes de contr^ ole optimal associ es R esum e : Nous pr esontons une m ethode de d ecomposition de domaine it erative pour r e-soudre l' equation de Helmholtz et les probl emes de contr^ oles optimal qui lui sont associ es. La preuve de la convergence de cette m ethode utilise des estimations d' energies. Cette m ethode produit des algorithmes eecaces pour la r esolution num erique de probl emes de propagations d'ondes en r egime harmonique en milieu inhomog enes et leur contr^ ole.
Inferring condition-specific miRNA activity from matched miRNA and mRNA expression data

MOTIVATION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in complex cellular networks by binding to the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of protein coding genes. It has been found that miRNA regulation is often condition-specific. A number of computational approaches have been developed to identify miRNA activity specific to a condition of interest using gene expression data. However, most of the methods only use the data in a single condition, and thus, the activity discovered may not be unique to the condition of interest. Additionally, these methods are based on statistical associations between the gene expression levels of miRNAs and mRNAs, so they may not be able to reveal real gene regulatory relationships, which are causal relationships. RESULTS We propose a novel method to infer condition-specific miRNA activity by considering (i) the difference between the regulatory behavior that an miRNA has in the condition of interest and its behavior in the other conditions; (ii) the causal semantics of miRNA-mRNA relationships. The method is applied to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multi-class cancer (MCC) datasets. The validation by the results of transfection experiments shows that our approach is effective in discovering significant miRNA-mRNA interactions. Functional and pathway analysis and literature validation indicate that the identified active miRNAs are closely associated with the specific biological processes, diseases and pathways. More detailed analysis of the activity of the active miRNAs implies that some active miRNAs show different regulation types in different conditions, but some have the same regulation types and their activity only differs in different conditions in the strengths of regulation. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The R and Matlab scripts are in the Supplementary materials.
Konsep Diri dan Keterbukaan Diri Remaja Broken Home yang Diasuh Nenek

Abstract: The aim of our study was to find out the children of divorced couples’s self-concept and self-disclosure who raised by their grandmother (grand parenting). This study used a qualitative approach - a case study. Subjects were two adolescents who live in the Village of Blitar City with an age range of 12—14 years. We use in-depth interviews, observations and document studies to collect data. Results show that subject’s saw themselves as a bad individual, bad influence, and being underestimated. Subject’s self-disclosure shows that they have lack of self-disclosure, easily offended by critiscm, lack of trust in others, and rigid.Abstrak: Penulisan artikel bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konsep diri dan keterbukaan diri remaja broken home yang diasuh nenek (grand parenting). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Subjek ialah dua remaja yang tinggal di desa Rembang, Kota Blitar dengan rentang usia 12—14 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil menunjukkan konsep diri subjek memiliki karakteristik menganggap diri sebagai individu yang tidak baik, pembawa pengaruh buruk, dipandang rendah orang lain. Keterbukaan diri subjek menunjukkan gambaran sikap yang cenderung tertutup pada orang lain, mudah tersinggung ketika menerima kritik orang lain, kurang bisa mempercayai orang lain, dan kaku.
Data Collection And Evaluation

This session focussed on two inter-related issues: (I) performance assessment for spoken language systems and (2) experience to date in speech corpora collection for these systems. The session included formal presentations from representatives of SRI International, MIT's Laboratory for Computer Science, BBN Systems and Technologies Corporation, and Carnegie Mellon University's School of Computer Science.
A wavelet-based 128-bit key generator using electrocardiogram signals

In this paper, we present a wavelet-based 128-bit key generator using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. The key generator comprises two independent stages, namely, enrollment and verification-generation. In the latter, an algorithm for determining the keys is also proposed. This work is based on the uniqueness and quasi-stationary behavior of ECG signals with respect to an individual. This lets to consider the ECG signal as a biometric characteristic and guarantees that different keys are released to different individuals. The performance of the proposed key generator is assessed using ECG signals from MIT-BIH database. Simulation results show a false accept rate (FAR) of 22.3% and a false reject rate (FRR) of 18.1%. The 128-bit key released by the generator proposed in this work can be used in several encryption algorithms.
Trajectory clustering using longer length units for automatic speech recognition

One of the major deficiencies of conventional hidden Markov modelling (HMM) is known as the trajectory folding phenomenon. Multipath Models can solve the trajectory folding problem by assuming that a large part of the variation in acoustic dat a can be attributed to different observation classes and which ca n then be modelled separately. In this paper, we present an approach to automatically clustering multi-dimensional dynamic trajectories corresponding to speech data based on Trajectory Clustering (TC). We define multipath HMM topologies using the trajector y clusters found. The trajectories are described using Gaussian mixtures. Based on the hypothesis that variation of speech is more accurately described in units that are longer than phones, we used modelling units defined in terms of Head-Body-Tail (HBT) models. Comparison experiments were carried out for a connected digit recognition task for Dutch. We found that TCbased multipath HMM topologies outperform HMM topologies based on knowledge from meta-data. These results suggest that Trajectory Clustering can identify important differences in pronunciation variation.
Addressing Health Disparities Affecting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth and Adults in Wisconsin

The Robert M. La Follette School of Public Affairs is a nonpartisan teaching and research department of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The school takes no stand on policy issues; opinions expressed in these pages reflect the views of the authors. Foreword This report is the product of a semester-long collaboration between the Robert M. Inequality in health conditions is an empirical and health policy puzzle about which much remains unknown, although much progress has been made toward solving it. Public health policy that seeks to address unmet health needs is hampered by the lack of knowledge about who is at greater risk of certain health conditions and why that is the case. This report addresses health differentials between the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) population and the non-LGBT population. As this report shows, the size of the LGBT population in Wisconsin is not known because no survey asks the questions needed to identify all LGBT individuals. Some identify LGB status based on sexual behavior, mis-classifying those who identify as LGB but are not sexually active. In addition a serious concern is that nonconsensual sex, including violent sexual assault, could misclassify the assaulted individual as LGB or non-LGB based on the assaulter's gender. Other surveys categorizing individuals on the basis of self-identification, misclassifying individuals reluctant to reveal their sexual preferences in surveys, especially if administered face-to-face. The stigma that may limit health care for LGB individuals causes the failure to identify them. Finally, surveys rarely identify transgender individuals, a limitation evident in the Wisconsin data. Most survey questions about gender provide only the male/female option and have no questions that differentiate between current and natal gender. This report presents analyses of Wisconsin health surveys of youth and adults. It documents a statistically significant difference in health conditions between Wisconsin's LGB and non-LGB populations (surveys, including the three this report analyzes, rarely identify transgender individuals). Sample size and LGB identification issues limit additional analysis of the reasons for these disparities. The authors' analyses suggest, however, that adverse health conditions are more prevalent among LGB individuals because they are more likely to engage in more health risk behaviors, although evidence suggests that family support and other " safety indicators " reduce the probability of adverse health conditions. These results inform the recommendations that the Department of Health Services improve data collection and review programs instituted elsewhere that attempt to reduce LGBT health …
Forecasts in a Slightly Misspecified Finite Order VAR

We propose a Bayesian procedure for exploiting small, possibly long-lag linear predictability in the innovations of a finite order autoregression. We model the innovations as having a log-spectral density that is a continuous mean-zero Gaussian process of order 1/√T. This local embedding makes the problem asymptotically a normal-normal Bayes problem, resulting in closed-form solutions for the best forecast. When applied to data on 132 U.S. monthly macroeconomic time series, the method is found to improve upon autoregressive forecasts by an amount consistent with the theoretical and Monte Carlo calculations.
Sense and Non-Sense of Local–Global Food Chain Comparison, Empirical Evidence from Dutch and Italian Pork Case Studies

Priority setting between local versus global food chains continues to be subject of debate among food, rural and agricultural scholars with an interest in how to support more sustainable food provision and consumption patterns. Recently the FP7 European GLAMUR project targeted to assess and compare the performances of local versus global food chains in a systematic way covering multiple performance dimensions. Especially drawing on empirical research on the performances of three Italian and three Dutch pork chains, it will be argued that meaningful performance comparison needs to acknowledge the complex, multi-facetted and time and place specific interaction patterns between (more) global and (more) local pork chains. Therefore, as regards these pork chains, local–global performance comparison is thought to have hardly significance in isolation from complementary “horizontal” (place-based) and “circular” (waste or by-product valorization oriented) assessments. As will be concluded, this methodological complexity of food chain performance comparison doesn’t allow for simple statements regarding the pros and cons of (more) global versus (more) local pork chains. Hence, it is recommended to avoid such less fruitful local–global dichotomy and to concentrate on more policy relevant questions as: how to facilitate fundamentally different resource-use-efficiency strategies and how to optimize the place-specific interaction between more “local” versus more “global” food systems?
Endotoxin-induced uveitis in cyclooxygenase-2-deficient mice.

PURPOSE Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) is a model that mimics human acute anterior uveitis. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is an enzyme that initiates the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) into prostaglandins (PGs), whereas 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) generates leukotrienes (LT). The purpose of this study was to delineate the role of COX-2 in acute ocular inflammation. METHODS EIU was induced in wild-type (WT), heterozygotic (COX-2(+/-)) and COX-2 null (COX-2(-/-)) mice by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Other mice were coinjected with LPS and IFN gamma. Ocular histology, serum cytokines, and AA products determined by ELISA, and relevant ocular messengers determined by RT-PCR were compared among the different groups. RESULTS Histology showed that the EIU score was significantly enhanced in COX-2(-/-) mice in comparison to WT and COX-2(+/-). PGE(2) was increased in WT and COX-2(+/-) EIU but not in COX-2(-/-) EIU. LTB(4) in serum and ocular 5-LO transcripts were increased in COX-2(-/-) EIU mice in comparison with WT and COX-2(+/-) EIU mice. IL-6 increased, whereas IFN gamma decreased both in serum and ocular transcripts in COX-2(-/-) EIU mice in comparison with WT and COX-2(+/-). Furthermore, EIU was suppressed in mice treated with recombinant IFN gamma, as shown by the decreased EIU scores, the presence of serum LTB(4) and IL-6 and ocular 5-LO and IL-6 mRNA, and the increases in serum IFN gamma and ocular IFN gamma, particularly in COX-2(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that disturbance of the AA pathway exacerbates EIU in COX-2-deficient mice. IFN gamma moderately reverses this exacerbation and protects against EIU.
“Digitally Oriented Materials”: Focus on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

The present paper was aimed at reporting the state of the art about lithium disilicate ceramics. The physical, mechanical, and optical properties of this material were reviewed as well as the manufacturing processes, the results of in vitro and in vivo investigations related to survival and success rates over time, and hints for the clinical indications in the light of the latest literature data. Due to excellent optical properties, high mechanical resistance, restorative versatility, and different manufacturing techniques, lithium disilicate can be considered to date one of the most promising dental materials in Digital Dentistry.
Plant physiology and proteomics reveals the leaf response to drought in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Despite its relevance, protein regulation, metabolic adjustment, and the physiological status of plants under drought is not well understood in relation to the role of nitrogen fixation in nodules. In this study, nodulated alfalfa plants were exposed to drought conditions. The study determined the physiological, metabolic, and proteomic processes involved in photosynthetic inhibition in relation to the decrease in nitrogenase (Nase) activity. The deleterious effect of drought on alfalfa performance was targeted towards photosynthesis and Nase activity. At the leaf level, photosynthetic inhibition was mainly caused by the inhibition of Rubisco. The proteomic profile and physiological measurements revealed that the reduced carboxylation capacity of droughted plants was related to limitations in Rubisco protein content, activation state, and RuBP regeneration. Drought also decreased amino acid content such as asparagine, and glutamic acid, and Rubisco protein content indicating that N availability limitations were caused by Nase activity inhibition. In this context, drought induced the decrease in Rubisco binding protein content at the leaf level and proteases were up-regulated so as to degrade Rubisco protein. This degradation enabled the reallocation of the Rubisco-derived N to the synthesis of amino acids with osmoregulant capacity. Rubisco degradation under drought conditions was induced so as to remobilize Rubisco-derived N to compensate for the decrease in N associated with Nase inhibition. Metabolic analyses showed that droughted plants increased amino acid (proline, a major compound involved in osmotic regulation) and soluble sugar (D-pinitol) levels to contribute towards the decrease in osmotic potential (Ψs). At the nodule level, drought had an inhibitory effect on Nase activity. This decrease in Nase activity was not induced by substrate shortage, as reflected by an increase in total soluble sugars (TSS) in the nodules. Proline accumulation in the nodule could also be associated with an osmoregulatory response to drought and might function as a protective agent against ROS. In droughted nodules, the decrease in N2 fixation was caused by an increase in oxygen resistance that was induced in the nodule. This was a mechanism to avoid oxidative damage associated with reduced respiration activity and the consequent increase in oxygen content. This study highlighted that even though drought had a direct effect on leaves, the deleterious effects of drought on nodules also conditioned leaf responsiveness.
Rehabilitation Training and Resveratrol Improve the Recovery of Neurological and Motor Function in Rats after Cerebral Ischemic Injury through the Sirt1 Signaling Pathway

This study was conducted to investigate the recovery of motor function in rats through the silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (Sirt1) signal pathway-mediated rehabilitation training. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) was used to induce ischemia/reperfusion injury. The rats were subjected to no treatment (model), rehabilitation training (for 21 days), resveratrol (5 mg/kg for 21 days), and rehabilitation training plus resveratrol treatment. 24 h later, They were assessed for neurobehavioral score and motor behavior score and expression of brain derived-nerve neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB). Compared with sham group, models had significantly higher neurobehavioral scores, balance beam, and rotary stick scores. Compared with the model group, rats in rehabilitation training and resveratrol groups had significantly reduced scores. Compared with rehabilitation training or resveratrol treatment alone, rehabilitation plus resveratrol further reduced the scores significantly. The percentage of cells expressing BDNF and TrkB and expression levels of BDNF and TrkB were similar between the model and sham groups, significantly increased in rehabilitation training and resveratrol groups, and further increased in rehabilitation training plus resveratrol group. These results indicate that rehabilitation raining plus resveratrol can significantly improve the recovery of motor function in rats after cerebral ischemic injury, which is likely related to the upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.
Holographic description of glueballs in a deformed AdS‐dilaton background

We investigate the mass spectra of scalar and vector glueballs in the so‐called bottom‐up approach of the AdS/QCD correspondence. The holographic model of QCD includes a static dilaton background field. We study the constraints on the masses coming from perturbing the dilaton field and the geometry of the bulk.
Increased tryptophan uptake on PET has strong independent prognostic value in patients with a previously treated high-grade glioma.

BACKGROUND Previously, we demonstrated the high accuracy of alpha-[(11)C]methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT) PET for differentiating recurrent gliomas from radiation injury. The present study evaluated the prognostic value of increased AMT uptake in patients with previously treated high-grade glioma. METHODS AMT-PET was performed in 39 patients with suspected recurrence of World Health Organization grades III-IV glioma following surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Mean and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVs) and unidirectional AMT uptake (K) were measured in brain regions suspicious for tumor and compared with the contralateral cortex (ie, background). Optimal cutoff thresholds for 1-year survival prediction were determined for each AMT parameter and used for calculating the prognostic value of high (above threshold) versus low (below threshold) values for post-PET overall survival (OS). RESULTS In univariate analyses, 1-year survival was strongly associated with 3 AMT parameters (SUVmax, SUVmean, and tumor-to-background K-ratio; odds ratios: 21.3-25.6; P ≤ .001) and with recent change in MRI contrast enhancement (odds ratio: 14.7; P = .02). Median OS was 876 days in the low- versus 177 days in the high-AMT groups (log-rank P < .001). In multivariate analyses, all 3 AMT parameters remained strong predictors of survival: high AMT values were associated with unfavorable 1-year survival (binary regression P ≤ .003) and shorter overall survival in the whole group (Cox regression hazard ratios: 5.3-10.0) and in patients with recent enhancement change on MRI as well (hazard ratios: 7.0-9.3; P ≤ .001). CONCLUSION Increased AMT uptake on PET is highly prognostic for 1-year and overall survival, independent of MRI contrast enhancement and other prognostic factors in patients with a previously treated high-grade glioma.
EMOTION AND MUSIC IN NARRATIVE FILMS: A NEUROSCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVE

While writing these sentences the composer Weill remained skeptical about the working process and the pressure put on the composers in the film industry (Weill, 1946), but at the same time he admired the knowledge and the work of the composers in developing and integrating an audio-visual composition. This chapter will explore our recent knowledge of how (film) music modulates affective responses to films and the neural basis of these. A theoretical starting point is the question of the relationship between visual images and music in audiovisual communication of emotions.
Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars: Osmium and Iridium Abundances in the Neutron-Capture-enhanced Subgiants CS 31062-050 and LP 625-44

We have investigated the abundances of heavy neutron-capture elements, including osmium (Os) and iridium (Ir), in the two carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) subgiants CS 31062-050 and LP 625-44. CS 31062-050 is known to be a so-called CEMP-r/s star, which exhibits large excesses of s-process elements such as barium (Ba) and lead (Pb), as well as a significant enhancement of europium (Eu) that cannot be explained by conventional s-process production in asymptotic giant branch star models. Our analysis of the high-resolution spectrum for this object has determined, for the first time, the abundances of Ir and Os, elements in the third peak of the r-process nucleosynthesis. They also exhibit significant excesses relative to the predictions of standard s-process calculations. These two elements are not detected in a similar quality spectrum of LP 625-44; the derived upper limits on their abundances are lower than the abundances in CS 31062-050. We compare the observed abundance patterns of neutron-capture elements, including Os and Ir, in these two stars with recent model calculations of the s-process, and we discuss possible interpretations.