Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Movements and the Competition Model: Some Missing Links

The competition model of ethnic resurgence and the relevant evidence are critically examined. We note the absence of direct measures of competition in the research on ethnic movements and the mixed nature of the evidence it produced. More important, the model does not specify the links between competition and conflict. We offer a partial reformulation that stresses the necessary conditions under which ethnic competition leads to ethnic conflict: (1) competition must be perceived as unfair and (2) competitive relations must be relatively free from interdependence. The reformulation also stresses that the main objects of competition in recent ethnic movements have not been individual goods like jobs, but larger collective goods. As amended, the model is compatible with the internal colonial and the split labor market models, as well as with the so-called contact hypothesis. Some hypotheses from the model are tested using data on Quebec's independence movement. Competition leads to mobilization only when competition is perceived as unfair and it occurs in a context of low ethnic interdependence. We then explore the relevance of thesefindings for other situations.
Pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with mild-to-moderate restriction

The clinical course of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is not known except in advanced disease. 488 subjects in a placebo-controlled study of ambrisentan in IPF with mild–moderate restriction in lung volume, underwent right heart catheterisation (RHC) at baseline and 117 subjects (24%) had repeated haemodynamic measurements at 48 weeks. The subjects were categorised into a) World Health Organization (WHO) Group 3 PH (PH associated with pulmonary disease), n=68 (14%); b) WHO Group 2 PH (PH associated with left-sided cardiac disease), n=25 (5%); c) no PH but elevated pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), n=21 (4%); and d) no PH but without elevation of PAWP, n=374 (77%). The WHO Group 3 PH subjects had a lower diffusion capacity, 6MWD and oxygen saturation compared to the subjects with no PH. There was no significant change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure with ambrisenten or placebo after 12 months. Subjects with IPF associated with WHO Group 3 PH had impaired gas exchange and exercise capacity compared to patients without PH. An additional 9% of the subjects had haemodynamic evidence of subclinical left-ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary artery pressures remained stable over 1 year in the majority of the cohort. In IPF associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH), gas exchange is severely impaired; the PH was stable over 1 year http://ow.ly/OnvHl
WHEN AND HOW DIVERSITY BENEFITS TEAMS: THE IMPORTANCE OF TEAM MEMBERS' NEED FOR COGNITION

In a study of 83 teams from eight organizations, we examined team need for cognition—the tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive endeavors—as a moderator of the relationships between both age diversity and educational specialization diversity, and elaboration of task-relevant information, collective team identification and, ultimately, team performance. Age and educational diversity were positively related to these outcomes when team need for cognition was high, rather than low. Both the elaboration of task-relevant information and collective team identification mediated a moderating effect of need for cognition on the relationship between both types of diversity and team performance.
Legacy perceptions among host Tour de Taiwan residents: the mediating effect of quality of life

Abstract Using the social exchange theory, the correlation between residents’ perceived importance and evaluation of legacy outcomes, with their support for the Tour de Taiwan, was explored. We examined the mediating role of residents’ quality of life (QOL) and how it affected the relationship between evaluation and importance of legacy outcomes and their event support. Results from a sample of 454 host residents indicated QOL significantly influences event support. The findings suggested to enhance event support, efforts should be made to leverage the legacies that are directly related to improving QOL. Implications focus on effective synergies of cross-leveraging different recurring events of the portfolio to sustain net benefits of the legacy outcomes.
The phosphatides of some mouse ascites tumors and rat hepatomas.

An investigation of the phosphatide characteristics of certain experimental tumors yielded the following results. The enzyme system for methylating phosphatidylaminoethanol to phosphatidylcholine was found to be largely lacking in mouse ascites tumors and rat hepatomas. Only in the Morris hepatoma was it present in amounts greater than 10 per cent of that in normal liver. The total phosphatide content of the tumors was much less than that in liver, largely owing to a lower total lipide content. The proportions of principal phosphatide components were not greatly altered in the tumor. Where there was a change, it was in the direction of increased cephalin and decreased lecithin, as compared with the level in normal tissue. The fatty acid patterns of the tumor lipides were not significantly different from those of the lipides of liver and blood cells.
Frequent Importation of Enterovirus 71 from Surrounding Countries into the Local Community of Yamagata, Japan, between 1998 and 2003

ABSTRACT Phylogenetic analysis of 45 enterovirus 71 (EV71) isolates for 6 years in Yamagata, Japan, clarified that the annual outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease was due to four genetically distinct subgenogroups, including a novel “B5. ” Our results suggest that the importation of EV71 from surrounding countries has had a major epidemiological impact on the local community used in our study.
Antenatal HIV testing

Prenatal identification of HIV infected women is crucial to the delivery of optimal care to both mother and fetus. Universal screening of all pregnant women is cost effective and has clearly demonstrated reductions in HIV-1 maternalfetal transmission even in low prevalence setting 1-3. Identification of HIV infection during pregnancy allows the infected woman to make an informed decision about continuing the pregnancy and about interventions to decrease the risk of mother to child transmission. Other benefits include the appropriate management of the infected woman and the opportunity to identify infected partners or to decrease the risk of transmission to uninfected partners. Targeted testing of only pregnant women at high risk is no longer recommended because it fails to identify substantial proportion of HIV positive pregnant women 4. Antenatal screening for HIV was added to the antenatal screening package in June 2003 by the Gujarat State Aids Control Society (GSACS). From the start of the service the uptake of antenatal testing for HIV has been carefully monitored. This paper analyzes the offer and uptake of antenatal HIV testing in a teaching hospital in south Gujarat.
Evolving keras architectures for sensor data analysis

Deep neural networks enjoy high interest and have become the state-of-art methods in many fields of machine learning recently. Still, there is no easy way for a choice of network architecture. However, the choice of architecture can significantly influence the network performance. This work is the first step towards an automatic architecture design. We propose a genetic algorithm for an optimization of a network architecture. The algorithm is inspired by and designed directly for the Keras library [1] that is one of the most common implementations of deep neural networks. The target application is the prediction of air pollution based on sensor measurements. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on experiments on sensor data and compared to several fixed architectures and support vector regression.
A Process for Developing More Effective Urban Schools: A Case Study of Stowe Middle School

The academic success of the 305 Black children who attend the Harriet Beecher Stowe Middle School in St. Louis, Missouri, has come as a result of a school staff's hard work and dedication to the ideal that "Every child can, will learn. " In 1980, Stowe along with three kindergarten to grade five schools-Hempstead, Arlington, and Laclede-formed Project SHALD, an effective school program under the direction of Area I in the St. Louis Public Schools. While attending the 1979 Conference of the National Alliance of Black School Educators, the writer became aware of Ronald Edmonds and his work, "The Search for Effective Schools Project. " Through this research, Edmonds had identified effective schools which were teaching basic skills to children of minorities and the poor as effectively and successfully as children of the middle class were being taught. Several years prior to 1979, Christopher Jencks and his now famous Inequality study had put forth just the opposite notion. From the Jencks study, school people were let "off the hook" for being responsible for providing successful outcomes for children from less than middle-class home backgrounds. Jencks's research strongly suggested that the learning outcomes of schools were more than equally influenced by family background. That is, children from poor and/or minority homes could not expect the schooling experience to change their adulthood plight significantly from that of their parents. Ronald Edmonds's research findings unequivocally rejected this notion. He and his colleague, Lawrence Lezotte, asked the question: "Are there schools that are institutionally effective for poor children? " The answer came back, "Yes. " These schools, however, have common
Telangiectatic Kaposi's sarcoma. Occurrence in a patient with thymoma and myasthenia gravis receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a distinctive malignant neoplasm of multifocal origin that most commonly affects the skin and gastrointestinal tract tissues.1-3It classically presents as violaceous patches, plaques, or nodules that usually occur initially on the lower extremities.4Less commonly, the disease first appears in other cutaneous or extracutaneous sites. This neoplasm has been given considerable attention in recent years because of its apparent association with immunosuppression. In this report, a patient who was chronically immunosuppressed had an unusual clinical variant of this disorder, which consisted of fleshcolored and erythematous telangiectatic papules and nodules. Report of a Case A 69-year-old man was hospitalized in November 1980 for the treatment of pneumonia. On admission, he was noted to have multiple flesh-colored nodules on the left lower extremity of uncertain duration. Myasthenia gravis had been diagnosed in 1963 and was initially treated with pyridostigmine bromide. In 1974, a Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia
A Trilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Hospital Epidemiology and Subspecies Differentiation of an Important Nosocomial Pathogen, Enterococcus faecalis

ABSTRACT In this study, we present a trilocus sequence typing (TLST) scheme based on intragenic regions of two antigenic genes, ace and salA (encoding a collagen/laminin adhesin and a cell wall-associated antigen, respectively), and a gene associated with antibiotic resistance, lsa (encoding a putative ABC transporter), for subspecies differentiation of Enterococcus faecalis. Each of the alleles was analyzed using 50 E. faecalis isolates representing 42 diverse multilocus sequence types (STM; based on seven housekeeping genes) and four groups of clonally linked (by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis [PFGE]) isolates. The allelic profiles and/or concatenated sequences of the three genes agreed with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) results for typing of 49 of the 50 isolates; in addition to the one exception, two isolates were found to have identical TLST types but were single-locus variants (differing by a single nucleotide) by MLST and were therefore also classified as clonally related by MLST. TLST was also comparable to PFGE for establishing short-term epidemiological relationships, typing all isolates classified as clonally related by PFGE with the same type. TLST was then applied to representative isolates (of each PFGE subtype and isolation year) of a collection of 48 hospital isolates and demonstrated the same relationships between isolates of an outbreak strain as those found by MLST and PFGE. In conclusion, the TLST scheme described here was shown to be successful for investigating short-term epidemiology in a hospital setting and may provide an alternative to MLST for discriminating isolates.
Technology embeddedness, innovation differentiation strategies and firm performance

Chinese manufacturing firms have been pursuing strategic upgrading from traditional low-cost manufacturing strategies to innovation differentiation strategies since Chinapsilas reforming and opening. Under such research backgrounds, this paper proposes that relational technology embeddedness and structural technology embeddedness as well as the interaction between them have positive impacts on firm performance, and their influences on firm performance are mediated by firmpsilas innovation differentiation strategies. Using data from 182 Chinese sample firms in east China, this paper attests that relational technology embeddedness and structural technology embeddedness have positive impacts on firm performance, and such influences are mediated by innovation differentiation strategies. The result also shows that the interaction between relational technology embeddedness and structural technology embeddedness has a direct impact on firm performance, not being mediated by innovation differentiation strategies.
Comparison of lumbar interbody fusion performed with unilateral or bilateral pedicle screw.

Currently, bilateral pedicle screw fixation is the standard of instrumentation, providing rigid fixation and an increased fusion rate. However, due to the excessive rigidity of the system, this instrumentation has been suspected to cause degeneration of adjacent segments. Alternatively, less rigid unilateral pedicle fixation is considered to be as effective as bilateral constructs. Few studies have compared unilateral and bilateral constructs in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate possible differences between unilateral and bilateral pedicle screw fixation for single-level lumbar degenerative disease.Between October 2006 and October 2010, sixty consecutive patients were treated with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (28 patients) or bilateral pedicle screw fixation (32 patients) at the authors' institution. Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale scores showed a statistical difference between preoperative values and 3- and 6-month postoperative values (P<.05). Unilateral fixation resulted in shorter operative times and less intraoperative blood loss. No significant difference was found between the 2 fixation methods in terms of fusion rate and complication rate (P>.05). Lumbar interbody fusion with unilateral pedicle screw fixation was an effective and convenient method of treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disease, with little surgical trauma.
Proximity of Terms, Texts and Semantic Vectors in Information Retrieval

Information Retrieval (IR) is finding content of an unstructured nature with respect to an information need. A retrieval system typically uses a retrieval model to rank the available content by their estimated relevance to an information need. For decades, state-of-the-art retrieval models have used the assumption that terms appear independently in text documents. Chapter 1 of this thesis describes how the relevance likelihood of a document changes by the observed distance between co-occurring query terms in its text. Nowadays, news is abundantly available online, allowing users to discover and follow news events. However, online news is often very redundant; most sources basing their stories on previously published works and add only limited new information. Thus, a user often ends up spending significant amount of effort re-reading the same parts of a story before finding relevant and novel information. In Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, we present a novel approach to construct an online news summary for a given topic. Salient sentences are identified by clustering the sentences in the news stream based on the relative proximity of the sentences and the temporal proximity of their publication times. To improve the coherence of a long summary that describes a news topic, we propose to automatically cluster sentences by subtopics in Chapter 4. In Chapter 5, we show how new topics can be detected in the news stream using the same clustering technique. In real-life decision making, people are often faced with an overload of choices. A recommender system aids the user by reducing the available choices to a shortlist of items that are of interest to the user. In Chapter 6, we learn high-dimensional representations for movies that allow to effectively recommend movies based on a user’s most recently rated movies.
Online Game Addiction in a Sample from Turkey: Development and Validation of the Turkish Version of Game Addiction Scale

Objective: Online game addiction also referred to as internet gaming disorder, a clinical condition that is not well-established, is not listed in psychiatric classification systems due to lack of adequate studies but expected to be added to the manual in near future. In Turkey neither a scale nor a study is present to evaluate online game addiction/ addicts. We aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of “The Game Addiction Scale” that was developed by Lemmens in 2009 as an instrument to assess online game addiction in an online game players sample in Turkey and examine the game addiction levels in these players. Methods: For this purpose 726 “Travian” (a massively multiplayer online game) players were evaluated with the Young’s Internet Addiction Test and the Lemmens’s Game Addiction Scale to find out their game addiction levels. Individual properties of the participants reflecting their internet use and gaming habits were also examined. The study was performed using SurveyMonkey within three months between March 1 and May 31, 2013. Results: Both 21-item (Cronbach’s α=0.96) and 7-item versions (Cronbach’s α=0.88) of the Game Addiction Scale were found to be valid and reliable. Also using the monothetic format 11.1% of the participants was found to be online game addicts. Conclusion: Our findings indicates that there is a considerably high percentage of game addiction within this online gamers sample compared to other countries. Further studies with online gamers and general population are needed to see the whole picture in Turkey.
Occupation and parkinsonism in three movement disorders clinics

Background: Few occupational risk factors for Parkinson disease (PD) have been identified. Healthcare, teaching, and farming have been associated with increased risk, while welding has been proposed to accelerate age at PD onset. The aim of the present study was to investigate occupational associations with PD or parkinsonism drawing from three different movement disorders clinics. Methods: Medical records of 2,249 consecutive patients with PD or parkinsonism from specialty clinics in Sunnyvale, CA, New York, NY, and Atlanta, GA, were reviewed for primary lifetime occupation. Job frequencies were compared with Department of Labor regional statistics. PD diagnosis age and risk of diagnosis ≤50 were determined for each job. Results: Physicians/dentists, farmers, and teachers were significantly more common than expected among PD patients, as were lawyers, scientists, and religion-related jobs. Computer programmers had a younger age at PD diagnosis, and risk of diagnosis ≤50 was greater in computer programmers and technicians. Conclusions: Consistent with prior studies, healthcare, teaching, and farming were common occupations in Parkinson disease (PD) patients, but welders were not over-represented. Even though several occupations were associated with younger age at PD diagnosis, these results may reflect biases inherent in specialty clinic surveys, including over-representation of younger, employed, and insured patients. Carefully designed analytic studies utilizing appropriate control populations will be required to test hypotheses regarding occupation and PD risk.
Lesbian women and household labor division: A systematic review of scholarly research from 2000 to 2015

ABSTRACT Recent studies have begun to attend to distribution of household labor within same-gender couples compared to heterosexual couples, yet much of the available research with lesbian couples has attempted to superimpose division of household labor frameworks developed with heterosexual couples (e.g., gender role socialization, exchange bargaining theories) to fit the experiences of same-gender couples. Using two academic search databases, the present article provides a systematic review of the available 28 peer-reviewed articles published from 2000–2015 about lesbian partnerships and household labor divisions. Results indicate that lesbian couples engage in a more equal distribution of household labor than heterosexual couples, and that lesbian women often opt to eschew traditional gendered divisions of chores in favor of other factors such as quality of task or ability. The systematic review uncovered notable constraints in the demography of participants (e.g., race, socioeconomic status, geographic location) across studies. Strategies for deepening the depth and breadth of this line of work for future researchers, and implications for relationship satisfaction are also discussed.
A Multicountry Ecological Study of Cancer Incidence Rates in 2008 with Respect to Various Risk-Modifying Factors

Observational and ecological studies are generally used to determine the presence of effect of cancer risk-modifying factors. Researchers generally agree that environmental factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and low serum 25-hdyroxyvitamin D levels are important cancer risk factors. This ecological study used age-adjusted incidence rates for 21 cancers for 157 countries (87 with high-quality data) in 2008 with respect to dietary supply and other factors, including per capita gross domestic product, life expectancy, lung cancer incidence rate (an index for smoking), and latitude (an index for solar ultraviolet-B doses). The factors found to correlate strongly with multiple types of cancer were lung cancer (direct correlation with 12 types of cancer), energy derived from animal products (direct correlation with 12 types of cancer, inverse with two), latitude (direct correlation with six types, inverse correlation with three), and per capita gross national product (five types). Life expectancy and sweeteners directly correlated with three cancers, animal fat with two, and alcohol with one. Consumption of animal products correlated with cancer incidence with a lag time of 15–25 years. Types of cancer which correlated strongly with animal product consumption, tended to correlate weakly with latitude; this occurred for 11 cancers for the entire set of countries. Regression results were somewhat different for the 87 high-quality country data set and the 157-country set. Single-country ecological studies have inversely correlated nearly all of these cancers with solar ultraviolet-B doses. These results can provide guidance for prevention of cancer.