Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Youth Mental Health Interventions via Mobile Phones: A Scoping Review

Mobile phone technologies have been hailed as a promising means for delivering mental health interventions to youth and adolescents, the age group with high cell phone penetration and with the onset of 75% of all lifetime mental disorders. Despite the growing evidence in physical health and adult mental health, however, little information is available about how mobile phones are implemented to deliver mental health services to the younger population. The purpose of this scoping study was to map the current state of knowledge regarding mobile mental health (mMental Health) for young people (age 13-24 years), identify gaps, and consider implications for future research. Seventeen articles that met the inclusion criteria provided evidence for mobile phones as a way to engage youth in therapeutic activities. The flexibility, interactivity, and spontaneous nature of mobile communications were also considered advantageous in encouraging persistent and continual access to care outside clinical settings. Four gaps in current knowledge were identified: the scarcity of studies conducted in low and middle income countries, the absence of information about the real-life feasibility of mobile tools, the need to address the issue of technical and health literacy of both young users and health professionals, and the need for critical discussion regarding diverse ethical issues associated with mobile phone use. We suggest that mMental Health researchers and clinicians should carefully consider the ethical issues related to patient-practitioner relationship, best practices, and the logic of self-surveillance.
Cognition matters in cardiovascular disease and heart failure.

This editorial refers to ‘Cognitive and brain changes associated with ischaemic heart disease and heart failure’†, by O.P. Almeida et al. , on page 1769 and ‘Cognitive impairment and risk of cardiovascular events and mortality’‡, by M. O'Donell et al. , on page 1777 ARTICLE In 1977 the term ‘cardiogenic dementia’ was coined, suggesting that this disorder might at least in some instances be secondary to cardiovascular disease (CVD). 1 To date, various smaller studies have sought to clarify this issue, but results have not always been consistent. Since in the elderly, cognitive impairment (CI), CVD, and heart failure (HF) frequently co-occur, the precise mechanisms underlying CI have remained difficult to disentangle. Neurobiology of important disorders such as depression and dementia has proposed exciting hypotheses,2 but has so far not thoroughly clarified the biological links with CVD. In experimental animals post-myocardial infarction, neurohumoral ‘remodelling’ was observed in multiple brain areas, and reduction of hypothalamic inflammation appeared to prevent heart failure.3,4 In humans, an association between the total burden of CVD and cognitive deterioration was reported.5,6 Further, the degree of CI correlated with the severity of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in HF patients.7 Reduced brain perfusion as a consequence of hypotension or low cardiac output was found to be implicated in cerebral dysfunction,8,9 and patients with impaired cerebrovascular reactivity due to old age, recent stroke, or carotid occlusive disease appeared at particular risk for brain ischaemia and atrophy due to hypoperfusion.10 Atrial fibrillation as a frequent complication of CVD and HF was found associated with both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.11 Vice versa, cortical and autonomic nerve dysfunction and the brainstem appear also to affect cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias.12 Close associations between CI and other neuropsychological or functional perturbations, …
Numerical simulation of unsaturated flow in porous media under normal and reduced gravity conditions

Flow in unsaturated soil or soil stimulant, under different gravity conditions is investigated using a numerical model to ascertain the extent to which the lattice Boltzmann model observed flow behavior under reduced and variable gravity conditions. The results of the simulations indicate that the bulk behavior of unsaturated flow is predicted well by lattice Boltzmann equation. For the case of an inhomogeneous system consisting of two different porous media, even more different porous media, the fluid can find a preferential path, leading to non-uniform water transport and availability to plant roots.
TIME-DEPENDENT MODELING OF RADIATIVE PROCESSES IN HOT MAGNETIZED PLASMAS

Numerical simulations of radiative processes in magnetized compact sources such as hot accretion disks around black holes, relativistic jets in active galaxies, and gamma-ray bursts are complicated because the particle and photon distributions span many orders of magnitude in energy, they also strongly depend on each other, the radiative processes behave significantly differently depending on the energy regime, and finally due to the enormous difference in the timescales of the processes. We have developed a novel computer code for the time-dependent simulations that overcomes these problems. The processes taken into account are Compton scattering, electron–positron pair production and annihilation, Coulomb scattering as well as synchrotron emission and absorption. No approximation has been made on the corresponding rates. For the first time, we solve coupled integro-differential kinetic equations for photons and electrons/positrons without any limitations on the photon and lepton energies. A numerical scheme is proposed to guarantee energy conservation when dealing with synchrotron processes in electron and photon equations. We apply the code to model nonthermal pair cascades in the blackbody radiation field, to study the synchrotron self-absorption as particle thermalization mechanism, and to simulate time evolution of stochastically heated pairs and corresponding synchrotron self-Compton photon spectra which might be responsible for the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts. Good agreement with previous works is found in the parameter regimes where comparison is feasible, with the differences attributable to our improved treatment of the microphysics.
Implementing access to medication assisted treatment in a drug treatment court: Correlates, consequences, and obstacles

Abstract We sought to understand the implementation of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) access for opioid-involved participants in an urban Midwestern drug treatment court (DTC) over a time period beginning in October 2012 and ending in June 2016. Among those whose primary substance problem on the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) was identified as heroin or other opioids, less than half accessed MAT while they participated in the DTC. Those who accessed MAT were more likely to be White, non-Hispanic, more highly educated, with more in-program violations, and less likely to have a history of inpatient psychiatric treatment. Of the three types of medication (buprenorphine, naltrexone, and methadone) accessed, extended release, injectable naltrexone was the most common treatment. There was no association between accessing MAT and program completion. Nevertheless, there was a trend suggesting that those accessing specifically methadone in Opioid Treatment Programs (OPTs) had more success in completing DTC. Our analyses, which are informed by qualitative observations of staff from meetings and interviews and from focus groups with participants, suggest the importance of strategies for enhancing DTC court staff training on opioid disorders and related treatments.
Leveraging category-level labels for instance-level image retrieval

In this article, we focus on the problem of large-scale instance-level image retrieval. For efficiency reasons, it is common to represent an image by a fixed-length descriptor which is subsequently encoded into a small number of bits. We note that most encoding techniques include an unsupervised dimensionality reduction step. Our goal in this work is to learn a better subspace in a supervised manner. We especially raise the following question: "can category-level labels be used to learn such a subspace? " To answer this question, we experiment with four learning techniques: the first one is based on a metric learning framework, the second one on attribute representations, the third one on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) and the fourth one on Joint Subspace and Classifier Learning (JSCL). While the first three approaches have been applied in the past to the image retrieval problem, we believe we are the first to show the usefulness of JSCL in this context. In our experiments, we use ImageNet as a source of category-level labels and report retrieval results on two standard dataseis: INRIA Holidays and the University of Kentucky benchmark. Our experimental study shows that metric learning and attributes do not lead to any significant improvement in retrieval accuracy, as opposed to CCA and JSCL. As an example, we report on Holidays an increase in accuracy from 39.3% to 48.6% with 32-dimensional representations. Overall JSCL is shown to yield the best results.
New Lower Bounds on the Generalized Hamming Weights of AG Codes

A sharp upper bound for the maximum integer not belonging to an ideal of a numerical semigroup is given and the ideals attaining this bound are characterized. Then, the result is used, through the so-called Feng-Rao numbers, to bound the generalized Hamming weights of algebraic-geometry codes. This is further developed for Hermitian codes and the codes on one of the Garcia-Stichtenoth towers, as well as for some more general families.
Body Dissatisfaction, Perfectionism, and Media Exposure Among Adolescents

The present study was planned to explore the relationship between body dissatisfaction, perfectionism, and media exposure among adolescents. Sample of young adults (N = 376) students including boys (n = 174) and girls (n = 202) of age range from 16 to 21 years (M = 18.2; SD = 1.24) took part in the research. Multidimensional Self-Relations Questionnaire Appearance Scale (Cash, 2000), Perfectionism Inventory (Hill et al., 2004) and Media Exposure list (Hayee, 2012) were used to assess study variables. The outcomes demonstrated that body areas satisfaction has negative connection while appearance orientation has positive association with perfectionism. Young ladies scored high on appearance orientation, overweight preoccupation, self-classified weight, and perfectionism while scored low on appearance evaluation and body areas satisfaction when contrasted with young men. Media exposure moderates the relationship between body areas satisfaction and perfectionism. These results have essential ramifications for future counteractive action and intercession endeavors which need to target teenagers’ particularly young ladies at early age when convictions and worries about weight and shape are less fortified.
Individual differences in processing written irony

Theoretical accounts of irony comprehension assume that when an ironic utterance is unfamiliar and the context does not prime for ironic interpretation, processing should take longer than when reading the same utterance with a literal meaning. This slowdown reflects problems in integrating the utterance into the developing text representation, which results in a reanalysis of the utterance. Similar assumptions are made about other forms of figurative language, such as metaphors, although studies have shown that there are differences in the cognitive demands of different forms of figurative language. Until fairly recently, most of the studies have ignored possible individual differences in irony comprehension among healthy adults. Recent results have suggested that there might be individual differences in irony comprehension related to working memory capacity (WMC) and emotion processing. In the present thesis, I wanted to answer the following questions: 1) How do readers resolve the meaning of irony? 2) How do individual differences in WMC and the ability to process emotional information affect the processing of irony? and 3) Does the processing of irony differ from the processing of other forms of figurative language, namely metaphors? These questions were examined in four studies using eye-tracking to tap into the detailed time-course of resolving the meaning of irony. The results of these studies showed that readers need to reprocess the ironic utterance to achieve the intended meaning, as suggested by the theories on irony comprehension. WMC aids this process by helping readers to keep contextual information in their mind while they integrate the meaning of the utterance with the context and/or inhibit a more salient literal interpretation while making the inference. Emotion processing abilities help to recognize the emotional cues of irony; readers with a poorer ability to process emotional information need to rely more on textual context to resolve the ironic meaning. Finally, resolving the ironic meaning differs from resolving other forms of figurative language, namely metaphors. Metaphors are easier to comprehend, and the processing of the intended meaning of metaphors starts at an earlier stage of reading. Moreover, emotion processing abilities are related to the processing of irony, but not metaphors. Based on the findings of this thesis, I present a new theoretical framework, the Cumulative Evidence Model.
World Health Organization Classification of lymphomas: a work in progress.

The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes classification handbooks for all neoplastic diseases. The last WHO Classification of leukemias and lymphomas was published in 1976. Since that time, through cytogenetics and molecular biology, it has been shown that many hematopoietic neoplasms are associated with a unique genetic profile. Similarly, the development of widely available and routinely applied monoclonal antibodies has allowed the identification of a unique immunophenotypic profile for most leukemias and lymphomas. These techniques have permitted the recognition of a number of distinct disease entities, and also enhance both diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility. The WHO Classification has been developed under the joint auspices of the European Association for Hematopathology (EAHP) and the Society for Hematopathology (SH). First organized in 1995, the Steering Committee appointed 10 committees covering T-cell and B-cell lymphomas and leukemias, myeloid and histiocytic tumors. The committees were asked to develop a list of diseases within their topic area, and to establish definitions of each disease according to established criteria. The WHO Classification uses the principles of the R.E. A.L. Classification, which defines each disease according to its morphology, immunophenotype, genetic features, postulated normal counterpart, and clinical features. Morphologic and clinical variants of individual diseases are discussed in the text, and their use is optional. The proposed classification was presented at the USCAP meeting in 1997, the site of the first joint meeting of the EAHP and SH. The presentation was followed by an open forum attended by EAHP and SH members. The Steering Committee also appointed a Clinical Advisory Committee to ensure that the classification meets clinical needs, and to resolve questions of clinical significance. The proposed WHO Classification for lymphomas is similar to the R.E. A.L. Classification for lymphomas, with minor modifications and reassessment of provisional categories based on new data since 1994.
Dietary intake and micronutrient status of adolescents: effect of vitamin and trace element supplementation on indices of status and performance in tests of verbal and non-verbal intelligence

Relationships between micronutrient intake and status, and micronutrient status and performance in tests of intelligence were investigated in a group of adolescents (13–14 years old). Dietary intakes were assessed using a 7 d weighed dietary record method, coupled with the collection of duplicate diets. Vitamin and trace mineral intakes calculated using food composition tables were compared with those obtained by direct analysis of duplicate diets. Micronutrient status was judged via a range of biochemical indices measured in blood samples taken after a 12–15 h fast. Blood samples were taken both before and after a 16-week period of vitamin and trace mineral supplementation. Individual tests of verbal and nonverbal intelligence were also performed pre- and post-supplementation. The results of this study indicate that the use of food table data may lead to substantial over- or underestimation of the intake of several micronutrients. In general, the total calculated or analysed amount of a specific micronutrient consumed did not adequately predict status, as judged by a range of biochemical indices. There were significant changes in status measurements over the 16-week study period, irrespective of supplementation, and these changes were markedly influenced by the initial status of the subject. There was no effect of supplementation on performance in tests of intelligence. However, there was a significant association between plasma ascorbic acid and initial non-verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in the boys, and between whole blood glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) activity and non-verbal and verbal IQ in both sexes. These findings are discussed in relation to other recent studies of the influence of micronutrient supplementation on the psychological performance of children.
Black college students’ sense of belonging and racial identity

ABSTRACT Black racial identity model and theory refinement has occurred in the absence of considerations of how Black college students experience and articulate their sense of belonging to the racial group. To fill this gap, the present study utilised storytelling as a framework and investigated how sense of belonging with racial in-group members was expressed in Black college students’ racial identities. Qualitative phenomenological and consensual analytic approaches were employed to examine 13 (7 women, 6 men) Black freshman and sophomore undergraduate students’ narratives related to sense of belonging to the racial group. The findings highlighted at least three ways in which Black college students experience and negotiate a sense of belonging to the racial group: (a) authenticating Blackness, (b) acculturative loss, and (c) connection with and responsibility toward others. Implications for racial identity research and theory are discussed.
Joint Scalable Coding and Routing for 60 GHz Real-Time Live HD Video Streaming Applications

Transmission of high-definition (HD) video is a promising application for 60 GHz wireless links, since very high transmission rates (up to several Gbit/s) are possible. In particular we consider a sports stadium broadcasting system where signals from multiple cameras are transmitted to a central location. Due to the high pathloss of 60 GHz radiation over the large distances encountered in this scenario, the use of relays might be required. The current paper analyzes the joint selection of the routes (relays) and the compression rates from the various sources for maximization of the overall video quality. We consider three different scenarios: (i) each source transmits only to one relay and the relay can receive only one data stream, and (ii) each source can transmit only to a single relay, but relays can aggregate streams from different sources and forward to the destination, and (iii) the source can split its data stream into parallel streams, which can be transmitted via different relays to the destination. For each scenario, we derive the mathematical formulations of the optimization problem and re-formulate them as convex mixed-integer programming, which can guarantee optimal solutions. Extensive simulations demonstrate that high-quality transmission is possible for at least ten cameras over distances of 300 m. Furthermore, optimization of the video quality gives results that can significantly outperform algorithms that maximize data rates.
Enhanced Recyclable Magnetized Palm Shell Waste-Based Powdered Activated Carbon for the Removal of Ibuprofen: Insights for Kinetics and Mechanisms

A novel preparation method of magnetized palm shell waste-based powdered activated carbon (MPPAC, avg. size 112 μm) was developed. The prepared MPPAC was assessed by several physicochemical analyses, and batch tests were performed for ibuprofen (IBP) removal. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and N2 gas isotherms revealed that magnetite and maghemite were homogeneous and deposited mostly on the surface of PPAC without a significant clogging effect on the micropores. Isotherm results showed that 3.8% Fe (w/w) impregnated PPAC [MPPAC-Fe(3.8%)] had about 2.2-fold higher maximum sorption capacity (157.3 mg g-1) and a 2.5-fold higher sorption density (0.23 mg m-2) than pristine PPAC. Both Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and isotherm data indicated that the high sorption capacity and density of IBP by MPPAC was primarily attributable to donor-acceptor complexes with the C = O group and dispersive π-π interactions with the carbon surface. Based on kinetic and repeated adsorption tests, pore diffusion was the rate-limiting step, and MPPAC-Fe(3.8%) had about 1.9~2.8- and 9.1~15.8-fold higher rate constants than MPPAC-Fe(8.6%) and palm shell-waste granular activated carbon (PGAC, avg. size 621 μm), respectively. MPPAC showed almost eight fold greater re-adsorption capacity than PPAC due to a thermal catalytic effect of magnetite/maghemite.
Clarity re-visited

We present a novel interpretation of Clarity [5], a widely used query performance predictor. While Clarity is commonly described as a measure of the "distance" between the language model of the top-retrieved documents and that of the collection, we show that it actually quantifies an additional property of the result list, namely, its diversity. This analysis, along with empirical evaluation, helps to explain the low prediction quality of Clarity for large-scale Web collections.