Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between the Religious Beliefs and the Feeling of Loneliness in Elderly

The objective of this research is to study the relationship between the religious beliefs and the feeling of loneliness in elderly. In this descriptive correlation study, the statistical society included 100 individuals of the society of retired people in the Medical University of Gilan province in Iran. The sample was taken by the easy random method. The method of collecting data was the questionnaire contained 3 parts: 1) personal characteristics and social characteristics. 2) Allport's internal and external religious beliefs scale and 3) the Standard loneliness feeling of You care. Data was analyzed by means of the description and presumption statistical methods and use of the SPSS software. The findings showed that there is a meaningful correlation between the external religious beliefs and the marital status, the amount of income, socialization with family members and relatives, social activities and also between the internal religious beliefs and the attending in the religious gatherings, the emotional support of the family, friends, and the others and the general satisfaction of the mentioned supports with P<0.05 and finally with the use of the nonparametric testes, a meaningful relationship has been found between the religious beliefs and the feeling of loneliness with P<0.001. Thus this study shows that the religious believes as an important source of support in aged people, can help them to be healthier physically and psychologically and it is essential to consider it for the mental health educational plans.
Whose Line Is It? Plagiarism in Economics

This paper reports the results of a survey regarding the instances of plagiarism reported by journal editors in the economics profession. The survey finds that nearly 24% of responding editors encounter one case of plagiarism in a typical year. In addition, the survey reveals that less than 19% of responding journals have a formal policy regarding plagiarism. Moreover, there is a great deal of variance in what is considered plagiarism and what an appropriate response to plagiarism should be. A majority of editors believe that the economics profession would benefit from a professional code of ethics.
La situation économique des immigrants au Québec

Cet article passe en revue les recents changements d’orientation dans les politiques d’immigration du Quebec et du Canada et leurs repercussions sur le nombre et les caracteristiques sociodemographiques des nouveaux immigrants arrives au Quebec. Il effectue des comparaisons du taux d’emploi, du taux de chomage et des revenus d’emploi entre les natifs et les immigrants pour des periodes comparables sur le plan de la conjoncture macroeconomique. Les donnees des recensements de 1981 et de 2001 sont mises a contribution. En accord avec l’hypothese de l’heterogeneite du capital humain et bien que d’autres facteurs aient pu intervenir, nos principaux constats sont a l’effet que la situation economique des immigrants s’est globalement deterioree et que le fardeau de cette deterioration repose davantage sur les immigrants arrives a l’âge adulte disposant d’un fort contenu de capital humain acquis a l’etranger plutot que sur les immigrants et les immigrantes admises avant l’âge de 18 ans.
Liquidity constraints and tax policy in small open economies

State-contingent tax policy can generate stabilization gains if an economy is subject to occasionally binding financial constraints. The aim of this paper is to assess whether that claim can be supported in a small open economy real business cycle model with liquidity constraints on the consumer side. In the model, the domestic current account deficit is limited by domestic output such that the ability of consumers to self-insure against productivity risks is restricted. The model is calibrated to Argentine data and solved with standard perturbation methods, using a penalty function approach to account for the non-linear current account restriction. The results show that the presence of liquidity constraints leads to volatile and procyclical consumption spending consistent with the data. In this environment, a government can provide some of the missing insurance to consumers by cutting tax rates on labor income in low-productivity states and vice versa. This type of policy raises domestic liquidity through higher output when necessary, which eases the current account restriction and smoothens out consumption. Keywords: Small open economy models; Real business cycles; Financial frictions; Liquidity constraints; Limited self-insurance; State-contingent tax policy
The bidirectional relation between positive mental health and psychopathology in a longitudinal representative panel study

Background: There is accumulating evidence that positive mental health and psychopathology should be seen as separate indicators of mental health. This study contributes to this evidence by investigating the bidirectional relation between positive mental health and psychopathological symptoms over time. Methods: Positive mental health (MHC-SF) and psychopathological symptoms (BSI) were longitudinally measured in a representative adult sample (N = 1932) on four measurement occasions in nine months. A cross-lagged panel design was applied and evaluated with a latent growth model combined with an item response theory measurement model. Results: Psychopathological symptoms were longitudinally related to positive mental health and vice versa, controlling for initial levels. The changes over time were even more important than the absolute levels of psychopathological symptoms and positive mental health, respectively. Conclusions: The results underline the need for a comprehensive perspective on mental health, incorporating both the treatment of symptoms and the enhancement of well-being.
Natural Antioxidant Constituents from Selected Aromatic Plants and Their Antimicrobial Activity Against Selected Pathogenic Microorganisms

Summary Aromatic plants contain natural antioxidant constituents such as phenolic compounds, which have attracted a great deal of public and scientific interest because of their health-promoting effects as antioxidants. Five plants, Filipendula ulmaria (meadow sweet), Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn), Polygonum aviculare (polygonum), Potentilla anserina (silverweed), and Pelargonium purpureum (little robin), have been examined in order to determine their phenolic composition. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was employed for the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of the aforementioned plants. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method (GC-MS) was also used for identification of phenolic compounds after silylation. Analysis of the non-volatile and thermolabile phenolic compounds by GC-MS presupposes their conversion into volatile and thermotolerant derivatives. The derivatization process was optimized against reagents, temperature and reaction time. The antioxidant capacity was determined in dried plants and in their methanol extracts with the Rancimat test using sunflower oil as substrate. Both pulverized plants and extracts showed antioxidant capacity. Total phenolic content in the extracts was determined spectrometrically applying the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and it ranged from 7.2 to 28.2 gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/(mg/mL). Antimicrobial activity of the extracts against selected microorganisms was performed using the disk diffusion method. Gram-(+) bacteria were more sensitive to the plant extracts than Gram-(–) bacteria.
Parent and child personality characteristics as predictors of negative discipline and externalizing problem behaviour in children

Negative discipline has been linked to childhood externalizing behaviour. However, relatively little attention has been given to the potential effect of individual personality characteristics of children and parents. Using the Five Factor Model, we examined the extent to which parents' and children's personality characteristics were related to parenting and children's externalizing behaviour in a proportional stratified general population sample (N=599) of elementary‐school‐aged children. Based on Patterson's macromodel of parenting, an initial model was built, hypothesizing that the impact of parents' and child's personality dimensions on externalizing problems was fully mediated by negative discipline. Results supported a modified model that added direct pathways between parent and child personality characteristics and externalizing problem behaviour. For the mother data, as well as for the father data, children's Extraversion and Imagination were positively related to children's externalizing problem behaviours. Children's Benevolence and Conscientiousness and parents' Emotional Stability were negatively related to externalizing problem behaviours. For the mother data, maternal Agreeableness was positively related to externalizing problem behaviours too. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Furry and Feathered Family Members—A Critical Review of Their Role in Palliative Care

This article presents a comprehensive critical review of the peer-reviewed literature on palliative care and companion animals (CAs), reporting on the evidence and knowledge base regarding CAs and their role for people at end of life. PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for studies pertaining to CAs, end of life, and hospice palliative care. Six studies dealt specifically with empirical research. The remaining literature addressed the topic peripherally or anecdotally. The evidence for efficacy and the knowledge base about the role of CAs at end of life in hospice and palliative care is weak. Further efforts are required to study the conditions under which CAs may be beneficial for patient care, including acceptability to staff, family, and other patients, and with consideration of welfare for the animals involved.
Hydrological changes in the Mekong River Basin - The effects of climate variability and hydropower development

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto. fi Author Timo A. Räsänen Name of the doctoral dissertation Hydrological changes in the Mekong River Basin – The effects of climate variability and hydropower development Publisher School of Engineering Unit Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 114/2014 Field of research Hydrology and Water Resources Manuscript submitted 8 April 2014 Date of the defence 22 August 2014 Permission to publish granted (date) 28 May 2014 Language English Monograph Article dissertation (summary + original articles)
Parents’ Concerns About Their Teenage Children’s Internet Use

Many parents feel uncertain about the actions and experiences their teenage children have on the Internet, thus causing worry and concern. The aim of the study was to examine parents’ worries and concerns in relation to their teenagers’ use of the Internet. The participants were 798 Swedish parents (307 fathers, 491 mothers) and their teenage children (aged between 13 and 15 years). The results indicate that parents’ worries and concerns vary, in certain aspects, according to age and gender of the child. Furthermore, parents’ own Internet skills, experience of using the Internet, and attitudes toward the Internet are related to the type and nature of their worries and concerns. Parents’ beliefs about their teenager’s skills in using the Internet and the teenagers’ Internet use and experiences are related to the parents’ concerns. Parents with an accurate understanding of their children’s negative Internet experiences are those who are the most worried.
Transmitting Tricks of the Trade: Advisors and the Development of Research Knowledge

How is sociological research practice learned? Because much of the tacit knowledge required to succeed in professions such as academia cannot be obtained formally, informal channels of learning—such as interaction with advisors—may be crucial. In this paper I test the extent to which graduate school advisors influence the development of their advisees' research habits, practices, and beliefs. I find that advisors' attitudes and intra-professional standing affect how their advisees view various research practices—both those that are less codified (such as how to deal with anomalous data) and those that are quite standardized (such as statistical significance testing). For the least standardized and most qualitative research practices, such as interpreting qualitative text, I find that students' experiences are more relevant that advisors' attitudes. I discuss these findings by referencing literature in the sociology of science and knowledge and relate my findings to broader knowledge about teaching sociology at the graduate level.
PIASγ Enhanced SUMO-2 Modification of Nurr1 Activation-Function-1 Domain Limits Nurr1 Transcriptional Synergy

Nurr1 (NR4A2) is a transcription factor that belongs to the orphan NR4A group of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Nurr1 plays key roles in the origin and maintenance of midbrain dopamine neurons, and peripheral inflammatory processes. PIASγ, a SUMO-E3 ligase, represses Nurr1 transcriptional activity. We report that Nurr1 is SUMOylated by SUMO-2 in the lysine 91 located in the transcriptional activation function 1 domain of Nurr1. Nurr1 SUMOylation by SUMO-2 is markedly facilitated by overexpressing wild type PIASγ, but not by a mutant form of PIASγ lacking its first LXXLL motif (PIASγmut1). This PIASγmut1 is also unable to interact with Nurr1 and to repress Nurr1 transcriptional activity. Interestingly, the mutant PIASγC342A that lacks SUMO ligase activity is still able to significantly repress Nurr1-dependent transcriptional activity, but not to enhance Nurr1 SUMOylation. A SUMOylation-deficient Nurr1 mutant displays higher transcriptional activity than the wild type Nurr1 only in promoters harboring more than one Nurr1 response element. Furthermore, lysine 91, the major target of Nurr1 SUMOylation is contained in a canonical synergy control motif, indicating that SUMO-2 posttranslational modification of Nurr1 regulates its transcriptional synergy in complex promoters. In conclusion, PIASγ can exert two types of negative regulations over Nurr1. On one hand, PIASγ limits Nurr1 transactivation in complex promoters by SUMOylating its lysine 91. On the other hand, PIASγ fully represses Nurr1 transactivation through a direct interaction, independently of its E3-ligase activity.
Using the SPEI to Assess Recent Climate Change in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, South Tibet

The Yarlung Zangbo River (YZR) is the largest river system in the Tibetan Plateau, and its basin is one of the centers of human economic activity in Tibet. Large uncertainties exist in several previous climate change studies in this basin because of limited climate observations. In this paper, we used a meteorological drought index (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI) and a newly-released gridded climate forcing dataset based on high-quality climate station data to re-evaluate climate change in the YZR Basin during the period of 1961–2014. Results showed that precipitation experienced a statistically insignificant increasing trend at a rate of 6.32 mm/10 years, and its annual mean was 512.40 mm. The basin was sensitive to climate change in terms of the air temperature that significantly increased at the rate of 0.32 °C/10 years. This warming rate was obviously larger than that in many other regions. Analysis of SPEI showed that the basin had no obvious statistical trends in the number of dry/wet episodes, but the severity of dry episode aggravated in terms of duration and magnitude. This study provides a reliable analysis of climate change in the YZR Basin, and suggests this large Tibetan river basin is sensitive to climate change.
Association between a Single Donor TARC/CCL17 Promotor Polymorphism and Obstructive Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation

Lung transplantation (LTx) outcome is hampered by development of chronic rejection, often manifested as the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Low serum levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17), a chemoattractant, measured during the first month post-LTx are predictive for BOS development. Since TARC/CCL17 promotor polymorphisms correlate with serum TARC/CCL17 levels, we investigated seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within this region and their potential association with LTx outcome. We analyzed donor and patient SNP configurations and haplotypes and observed a trend between a donor SNP (rs223899) configuration and patient TARC/CCL17 serum levels post-LTx (p = 0.066). Interestingly, this SNP configuration in patients did not show any correlation with pre-LTx TARC/CCL17 serum levels (p = 0.776). Survival analysis showed that receiving a graft from a donor heterozygous for rs223899 has a disadvantageous impact on transplantation outcome. When stratified per donor SNP genotype, patients receiving a transplant from a heterozygous donor showed a lower BOS-free survival (p = 0.023) and survival rate (p = 0.0079). Since rs223899 is located within a NFκB binding site, heterozygosity at this position could result in a reduced TARC/CCL17 expression. Our data indicate that a single TARC/CCL17 promotor SNP in the donor correlates with lower serum TARC/CCL17 levels measured 1 month after LTx and affects clinical outcome after LTx.
Diagnóstico e tratamento de TDAH em crianças escolares, segundo profissionais da saúde mental *

The purpose of this study was to describe the use of criteria to diagnose and treat school-aged children with ADHD by mental health professionals, who attended in private offices in Vitoria/ES. The participants included 10 neurologists, 10 psychiatrics, 10 psychologists, who were interviewed in their offices. The results showed that the diagnosis of ADHD was primarily based on the parent's interview, showing no adherence to the criteria recommended by the specialized literature on this subject. Despite a recognized need to com- bine medication intervention with others type of therapy specially the psychotherapy, the majority of participants adopted medication as the principal form of treatment and don't work together as a team.
Who Accumulates Directorships of Big Business Firms in Israel?: Organizational Structure, Social Capital and Human Capital

This article studies which of the directors of the largest corporations in Israel were invited to sit on additional boards of directors between the years 1974 and 1988. The article compares organizational affiliations, and the human and social capital of directors who accumulate directorships with those who do not. The study uses logistic regression to discern which variables increase the likelihood of being invited on to an additional board. The findings strongly support the hypothesis that it is a combination of the structure of the national economy and human and social capital of the directors which determines who will join additional boards.
Radioimmunoassay for the detection of leptin in human serum

Human leptin, which is encoded by the obese (ob) gene, is secreted specifically from adipocytes and is involved in the regulation of satiety and energy consumption. We developed a radioimmunoassay for the determination of leptin in human serum using polyclonal antibodies generated in rabbits against a C-terminal fragment of leptin, leptin(126-140), coupled to hemocyanin. The sensitivity of the assay was app. 5 pmol/l leptin(126-140) equivalent to 0.5 fmol/tube. The intra-assay variation at 100 pmol/l was less than 4.8% and the interassay variation less than 8.3%. Dilution curves of serum samples containing high levels of leptin(126-140) were parallel to the standard curve. Following G-50 Sephadex chromatography a single specific peak was detected at app. 16 kd. The assay procedure compared well to a commercially available assay (Linco, St. Louis, USA) using polyclonal antibodies directed against the intact recombinant protein (R = 0.96; p < 0.0001). Serum levels were significantly higher than plasma levels (app.20%) over a wide range of the standard curve. Levels of serum leptin126-140 immunoreactivity were not altered by meals and no day-to-day variation was found. In a group of 148 healthy female and 108 healthy male subjects with a BMI between 18.2 and 40 kg/m2 there was a significant difference between sexes with higher circulating serum levels in female than in male subjects when tested for identical BMI (p < 0.001). Serum leptin levels in both male and female subjects were positively related to BMI (p < 0.001) when analysed for lean and obese subjects whereas in lean subjects this relation was not apparent. No relation of serum leptin levels and age was detectable in subjects with a BMI up to 30 kg/m2. These data support an important role of leptin in the regulation of body fat stores and BMI which is modulated by gender specific factors.
Recognising subtle emotional expressions: The role of facial movements

Two studies investigated the importance of dynamic temporal characteristic information in facilitating the recognition of subtle expressions of emotion. In Experiment 1 there were three conditions, dynamic moving sequences that showed the expression emerging from neutral to a subtle emotion, a dynamic presentation containing nine static stills from the dynamic moving sequences (ran together to encapsulate a moving sequence) and a First–Last condition containing only the first (neutral) and last (subtle emotion) stills. The results showed recognition was significantly better for the dynamic moving sequences than both the Dynamic-9 and First–Last conditions. Experiments 2a and 2b then changed the dynamics of the moving sequences by speeding up, slowing down or disrupting the rhythm of the motion sequences. These manipulations significantly reduced recognition, and it was concluded that in addition to the perception of change, recognition is facilitated by the characteristic muscular movements associated with the portrayal of each emotion.
Directing gaze in 3D models with stylized focus

We present an interactive system for placing emphasis in stylized renderings of 3D models. The artist chooses a camera position, an area of interest, and a rendering style for the scene. The system then automatically renders the scene with emphasis in the area of interest, an effect we call "stylized focus. " Stylized focus draws the viewer's gaze to the emphasized area, through local variations in shading effects such as color saturation and contrast as well as line qualities such as texture and density. We introduce a novel algorithm for local control of line density that exhibits a degree of temporal coherence suitable for animation. Animating the area of emphasis produces an effect we call the "stylized focus pull. " Finally, an eye-tracking experiment verifies that the emphasis does indeed draw the viewer's gaze to the area of interest.
Job satisfaction profiles of university teachers

Workers, managers and academics had previously been classified on the basis of characteristics of their jobs, especially how they spend their time. Enquires whether university teachers can be meaningfully grouped on the basis of the satisfaction levels which they enjoy on various aspects of their jobs. Using a cluster analytical procedure, groups university teachers in the UK into three: happy workers, satisfied workers and unhappy workers. While the happy workers (67 per cent) and the satisfied workers (14 per cent) form a majority of the workforce, offers suggestions on how to reduce the percentage of unhappy workers (19 per cent) in higher education. In particular, focuses attention on this newer, and possibly very useful, approach of classifying workers, instead of the traditional method based on the criterion of rank alone. Discusses the implications of this new approach for grouping workers.