Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cellular mechanism for dendritic spine loss in the pilocarpine model of status epilepticus

Purpose: Previous studies have documented a synaptic translocation of calcineurin (CaN) and increased CaN activity following status epilepticus (SE); however, the cellular effect of these changes in CaN in the pathology of SE remains to be elucidated. This study examined a CaN‐dependent modification of the dendritic cytoskeleton. CaN has been shown to induce dephosphorylation of cofilin, an actin depolymerization factor. The ensuing actin depolymerization can lead to a number of physiological changes that are of interest in SE.
Residual Resistance Ratio in $\hbox{Nb}_{3}\hbox{Sn}$  Strands During ITER TF Conductor Manufacture and After SULTAN Tests

The residual resistance ratio (RRR) is an important parameter affecting the stability of superconductors and the quench protection properties of magnets. During the manufacture of cable-in-conduit-conductors based on Nb3Sn strands, RRR may change noticeably. We studied the RRR of strands in as-received condition and at different stages of the TF conductor manufacturing (cleaning and Cr-plating of strands, cabling and final compaction). The RRR of strands extracted from a TF conductor sample after electromagnetic and thermal cycling at the SULTAN test facility has been studied also. For this purpose after testing at SULTAN the strand samples were extracted from different locations in the cross-section of the TF conductor and from different positions along the axis. The results about the RRR variation during the conductor manufacturing process and after SULTAN tests are presented and discussed.
Genetic analysis of PHOX2B in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy cases

Objective: To determine the contribution of sequence variations in PHOX2B to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Methods: Patients who died of SUDEP were identified in 2 major Australian cohorts, the Epilepsy Genetics research program in Melbourne and postmortem cases at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Sydney. Coding exons of the PHOX2B gene were sequenced and a fluorescent sizing assay was used to measure the PHOX2B polyalanine repeat sequence. Results: Sequencing of 68 cases of SUDEP identified a 15-nucleotide deletion in the PHOX2B polyalanine repeat region in one case, a 16-year-old adolescent with focal dyscognitive seizures from age 5 years. This deletion was verified using a fluorescent sizing assay. Two synonymous variants were identified in 4 cases, but no PHOX2B polyalanine repeat expansion alleles or point mutations were found. Conclusions: The absence of PHOX2B polyalanine repeat expansion alleles or point mutations in 68 Australian cases of SUDEP, with one deletion of uncertain significance, shows that PHOX2B mutations are not a common risk factor for SUDEP.
MicroRNAs Regulate Human Adipocyte Lipolysis: Effects of miR-145 Are Linked to TNF-α

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have multiple effects in various tissues including adipose inflammation, a condition characterized by increased local release of the pro-lipolytic cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Whether miRNAs regulate adipocyte lipolysis is unknown. We set out to determine whether miRNAs affect adipocyte lipolysis in human fat cells. To this end, eleven miRNAs known to be present in human adipose tissue were over-expressed in human in vitro differentiated adipocytes followed by assessments of TNF-α and glycerol levels in conditioned media after 48 h. Three miRNAs (miR-145, -26a and let-7d) modulated both parameters in parallel. However, while miR-26a and let-7d decreased, miR-145 increased both glycerol release and TNF-α secretion. Further studies were focused therefore on miR-145 since this was the only stimulator of lipolysis and TNF-α secretion. Time-course analysis demonstrated that miR-145 over-expression up-regulated TNF-α expression/secretion followed by increased glycerol release. Increase in TNF-α production by miR-145 was mediated via activation of p65, a member of the NF-κB complex. In addition, miR-145 down-regulated the expression of the protease ADAM17, resulting in an increased fraction of membrane bound TNF-α, which is the more biologically active form of TNF-α. MiR-145 overexpression also increased the phosphorylation of activating serine residues in hormone sensitive lipase and decreased the mRNA expression of phosphodiesterase 3B, effects which are also observed upon TNF-α treatment in human adipocytes. We conclude that miR-145 regulates adipocyte lipolysis via multiple mechanisms involving increased production and processing of TNF-α in fat cells.
Automatic Drum Transcription Using Bi-Directional Recurrent Neural Networks

Automatic drum transcription (ADT) systems attempt to generate a symbolic music notation for percussive instruments in audio recordings. Neural networks have already been shown to perform well in ﬁelds related to ADT such as source separation and onset detection due to their utilisation of time-series data in classiﬁcation. We pro-pose the use of neural networks for ADT in order to exploit their ability to capture a complex conﬁguration of features associated with individual or combined drum classes. In this paper we present a bi-directional recurrent neural network for ofﬂine detection of percussive onsets from speciﬁed drum classes and a recurrent neural network suitable for online operation. In both systems, a separate network is trained to identify onsets for each drum class under observation—that is, kick drum, snare drum, hi-hats, and combinations thereof. We perform four evaluations utilising the IDMT-SMT-Drums and ENST minus one datasets, which cover solo percussion and polyphonic audio respectively. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented methods for solo percussion and a capacity for identifying snare drums, which are historically the most difﬁ-cult drum class to detect.
Spotlight on topographical pressure pain sensitivity maps: a review

Mechanical hyperalgesia defined as decreased pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) is commonly associated with pain. In this narrative review, we report the current state of the art within topographical pressure sensitivity maps. Such maps are based on multiple PPT assessments. The PPTs are assessed by an a priori defined grid with special focus on both spatial and temporal summation issues. The grid covers the muscle or the body region of interest using absolute or relative values determined from anatomical landmarks or anthropometric values. The collected PPTs are interpolated by Shepard or Franke and Nielson interpolation methods to create topographical pressure sensitivity maps. This new imaging technique has proven to be valuable in various disciplines including exercise physiology, neurology, physical therapy, occupational medicine, oncology, orthopedics, and sport sciences. The reviewed papers have targeted different body regions like the scalp, low back, neck–shoulder, and upper and lower extremities. The maps have delineated spatial heterogeneity in the pressure pain sensitivity underlining the different extents of pressure pain hyperalgesia in both experimentally induced and disease-associated pain conditions. Furthermore, various intervention studies have proven the utility of topographical pressure pain sensitivity maps. Topographical pressure pain sensitivity maps have contributed to revealing the efficacy of therapeutic, ergonomic, or training interventions that aim at reducing pain.
p53 oncogene mutations in three human prostate cancer cell lines

p53 gene structure and chromosome 17p alleles were studied in the three human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP, DU‐145, and PC‐3. Our laboratory has two separate culture lines of the LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. One strain, LNCaP‐GW, had a mutation in one of two alleles at position 273 (arg > his). This mutation could not be detected in a second strain of LNCaP, LNCaP‐ATCC. Immunohistochemical staining for P53 protein in the cell lines indicated that protein overexpression in LNCaP was heterogeneous, even in clonal isolates derived from LNCaP‐GW that contained the codon 273 mutation in every cell. We also performed in vitro and in vivo growth analysis to compare the LNCaP‐GW and LNCaP‐ATCC cells. LNCaP‐GW grew more rapidly than LNCaP‐ATCC in vitro. However, LNCaP‐ATCC formed tumors efficiently when inoculated into nude mice, whereas LNCaP‐GW formed tumors much less efficiently. Consideration must be given to the notion that some of these p53 mutations arose during in vitro passage. We also confirmed published findings with two other human prostate cancer cell lines. In DU‐145, two mutations were found in the p53 gene. A mutation at codon 274 (pro > leu) and a second mutation at codon 223 (val > phe) were present. PC‐3 cells were hemizygous for chromosome 17p. The single copy of the p53 gene had a base pair deletion at codon 138 that generated a frame shift and a new in‐frame stop codon at position 169. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Yeast Exonuclease 5 Is Essential for Mitochondrial Genome Maintenance

ABSTRACT Yeast exonuclease 5 is encoded by the YBR163w (DEM1) gene, and this gene has been renamed EXO5. It is distantly related to the Escherichiacoli RecB exonuclease class. Exo5 is localized to the mitochondria, and EXO5 deletions or nuclease-defective EXO5 mutants invariably yield petites, amplifying either the ori3 or ori5 region of the mitochondrial genome. These petites remain unstable and undergo continuous rearrangement. The mitochondrial phenotype of exo5Δ strains suggests an essential role for the enzyme in DNA replication and recombination. No nuclear phenotype associated with EXO5 deletions has been detected. Exo5 is a monomeric 5′ exonuclease that releases dinucleotides as products. It is specific for single-stranded DNA and does not hydrolyze RNA. However, Exo5 has the capacity to slide across 5′ double-stranded DNA or 5′ RNA sequences and resumes cutting two nucleotides downstream of the double-stranded-to-single-stranded junction or RNA-to-DNA junction, respectively.
Physiological factors associated with low bone mineral density in female endurance runners

Objective: To explore potential factors that could be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in female endurance runners. Methods: Fifty two female endurance runners (1500 m to marathon), aged 18–44 years, took part. Body fat percentage, lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD were measured using the Hologic QDR 4500w bone densitometer. Data on training, menstrual cycle status, osteoporosis, and health related factors were obtained by questionnaire. Dietary variables were assessed from a prospective seven day dietary record of macronutrients and micronutrients. Results: The mean (SD) lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were 1.11 (0.11) and 0.89 (0.12) g/cm2 respectively. A backward elimination regression analysis showed that age, body mass, body fat, distance run, magnesium, and zinc intake were the variables significantly associated with BMD. Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2) = −1.90 + (0.0486 × age (years)) + (0.342 × log mass (kg)) − (0.000861 × age2 (years)) − (0.00128 × distance (km/week)), with an R2 = 30.1% (SEE = 0.089 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.23); p<0.001). Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) = −2.51 − (0.00989 × age (years)) + (0.720 × log mass (kg)) + (0.000951 × magnesium (mg/day)) −(0.0289 × zinc (mg/day)) − (0.00821 × body fat (%)) − (0.00226 × distance (km/week)), with an R2 = 50.2% (SEE = 0.100 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.22); p<0.001). The negative association between skeletal BMD and distance run suggested that participants who ran longer distances had a lower BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Further, the results indicated a positive association between body mass and BMD, and a negative association between body fat and BMD. Conclusions: The results suggest a negative association between endurance running distance and lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, with a positive association between body mass and femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD. However, longitudinal studies are required to assess directly the effect of endurance running and body mass on BMD, and to see if the addition of alternative exercise that would increase lean body mass would have a positive effect on BMD and therefore help to prevent osteoporosis.
A Demonstration of Rubato DB: A Highly Scalable NewSQL Database System for OLTP and Big Data Applications

We propose to demonstrate Rubato DB, a highly scalable NewSQL system, supporting various consistency levels from ACID to BASE for OLTP and big data applications. Rubato DB employs the staged grid architecture with a novel formula based protocol for distributed concurrency control. Our demonstration will present Rubato DB as one NewSQL database management system running on a collection of commodity servers against two of benchmark sets. The demo attendees can modify the configuration of system size, fine-tune the query workload, and visualize the performance on the fly by the graphical user interface. Attendees can experiment with various system scales, and thus grasp the potential scalability of Rubato DB, whose performance, with the increase of the number of servers used, can achieve a linear growth for both OLTP application with the strong consistency properties and key-value storage applications with the weak consistency properties.
Autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis: study of a wide spectrum of autoantibodies

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of organ- and nonorgan-specific autoantibodies in MS patients and evaluate whether the presence of autoantibodies is an indicator of disease activity and/or a prognosis factor. One hundred and five definite MS patients in different stages and with different course and 75 blood donors were tested for the autoantibodies TgA, TMA/TPO-A, PCA, ANA, aCl, SMA, AMA and ANCA. All patients were screened for the LAC. Autoantibodies to at least one autoantigen were found in 66.6% MS patients and in 13.3% controls (P50.001). The frequency of TgA, TMA/TPO-A, ANA, aCl and SMA was statistically higher in patients than in controls. Circulating ANCAs were found in seven MS, a never reported finding. An early onset of MS (520 years) was associated with a lower autoantibody frequency (P50.01). Primary and secondary progressive MS had a higher antibody frequency than relapsing-remitting (P50.05) or benign (P50.001) MS. Up to 86% of patients were autoantibody-positive during the acute stage, but only 30% of them remained positive during the remission stage (P50.001). A generalised immune dysregulation occurs in MS patients, mostly during the acute stages and in the progressive courses, involving activation of both autoreactive Th1-cells (mainly linked to CNS lesions) and B-cells via Th2 cells.
Blockage effects on the hydrodynamic performance of a marine cross-flow turbine

This paper explores the influence of blockage and free-surface deformation on the hydrodynamic performance of a generic marine cross-flow turbine. Flows through a three-bladed turbine with solidity 0.125 are simulated at field-test blade Reynolds numbers, O(105–106), for three different cross-stream blockages: 12.5, 25 and 50 per cent. Two representations of the free-surface boundary are considered: rigid lid and deformable free surface. Increasing the blockage is observed to lead to substantial increases in the power coefficient; the highest power coefficient computed is 1.23. Only small differences are observed between the two free-surface representations, with the deforming free-surface turbine out-performing the rigid lid turbine by 6.7 per cent in power at the highest blockage considered. This difference is attributed to the increase in effective blockage owing to the deformation of the free surface. Hydrodynamic efficiency, the ratio of useful power generated to overall power removed from the flow, is found to increase with blockage, which is consistent with the presence of a higher flow velocity through the core of the turbine at higher blockage ratios. Froude number is found to have little effect on thrust and power coefficients, but significant influence on surface elevation drop across the turbine.
Transient Stability Analysis of Power System with Six-Phase Converted Transmission Line

Enhanced power transfer capability through a six-phase converted transmission system is becoming an area of growing interest in the power system industry. However, this conversion will have an impact on the system stability. In this paper, the transient stability of a 4-bus, 2 generators test system is investigated in time domain considering conversion of three-phase double-circuit to the six-phase single-circuit transmission system. The paper presents also comparisons between critical clearing times for both three and six-phase cases. All types of fault on the middle of transmission line are simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC. From the simulation results, it has been shown that the 4-bus, 2 generators test system with six-phase single-circuit transmission has a better stability limits compare to the three-phase double-circuit transmission.
A 65 nm 0.165 fJ/Bit/Search 256 $\,\times\,$144 TCAM Macro Design for IPv6 Lookup Tables

Ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) is extensively adopted in network systems. As routing tables become larger, energy consumption and leakage current become increasingly important issues in the design of TCAM in nano-scale technologies. This work presents a novel 65 nm energy-efficient TCAM macro design for IPv6 applications. The proposed TCAM employs the concept of architecture and circuit co-design. To achieve an energy-efficient TCAM architecture, a butterfly match-line scheme and a hierarchy search-line scheme are developed to reduce significantly both the search time and power consumption. The match-lines are also implemented using noise-tolerant XOR-based conditional keepers to reduce not only the search time but also the power consumption. To reduce the increasing leakage power in advanced technologies, the proposed TCAM design utilizes two power gating techniques, namely super cut-off power gating and multi-mode data-retention power gating. An energy-efficient 256 × 144 TCAM macro is implemented using UMC 65 nm CMOS technology, and the experimental results demonstrate a leakage power reduction of 19.3% and an energy metric of the TCAM macro of 0.165 fJ/bit/search.
Physical activity in relation to colon cancer in middle-aged men and women.

A population-based case-control study was conducted to assess the relation between physical activity and colon cancer among men and women aged 30-62 years. Cases were 251 men and 193 women diagnosed with colon cancer in 1985-1989 in three countries in the Seattle metropolitan area who were identified from the Seattle-Puget Sound Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Controls were 233 men 194 women identified by random digit telephone dialing who were selected by stratified random sampling to approximate the age, sex, and county distribution of cases. Physical activity was assessed by questions on frequency and duration of types of recreational and occupational activities during the 10-year period ending 2 years before diagnosis. Each activity was classified as low intensity (< 4.5 METs ) or moderate to high intensity (> or = 4.5 METs). For men and women combined, moderate or high intensity recreational activity was associated with a decreased risk of colon cancer (relative risk (RR) for two or more times per week vs. none = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49-1.00). This relation was stronger for men than women. Occupational activity was not associated with colon cancer, except among men younger than 55 (RR for > or = 14.5 hours per week of moderate activity vs. none = 0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.69). Among men and women combined, total moderate or high intensity activity (occupational plus recreational) was marginally related to colon cancer (RR for > or = 5 hours per week vs. none = 0.78, 95% CI 0.55-1.10). These results were adjusted for age (and sex in the combined sex analyses) and were not confounded by body mass index, dietary factors, or other measured health behaviors. The results of this study provide modest support to the growing number of studies showing that recreational and/or occupational physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer.
In vitro Microleakage Comparison of Two Fissure Sealants and two Flowable Composite Resins

Statement of Problem: Nowadays, fissure sealants are commonly used for sealing the occlusal pit and fissures. However, flowable composites which are more resistance to wear and have a lower amount of shrinkage might be a good substitute for sealants. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the amount of micro-leakage between two types of fissure sealants, clinpro and embrace, and two kinds of flowable composites, Filtek flow and Flows-Rite. Materials and Method : 60 intact extracted maxillary permolars were selected and divided into 4 groups. In each group, occlusal fissures of the samples were sealed with fissures sealants (clinpro or Embrace) or flowable composites (Filtek flow or Flows-Rite). The apex and furcation of all the teeth were sealed by sealing wax and then the root and crown of the samples were covered by two layers of nail varnish to 1 mm next to the sealant margin. The teeth were immersed in 0.5% fuchsine for 24 hours; then, the teeth were washed and cut off parallel to the linear axis. The microleakage of the samples was studied under the stereomicroscope with a magnification of 16x. Finally, data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: There was no significant difference between the amount of microleakage of fissure sealants (clinpro and embrace) and flowable composites (filtek flow and Flows-Rite). Conclusion: Under the circumstances of this study and with respect to the clinical situation, it seems that both flowable composite and fissure sealants are suitable materials for pit and fissure sealing. Key words: Microleakage, Fissure sealant, Flowable composite
Towards Explaining the Willingness to Disclose Personal Self-tracking Data to Service Providers

Users of digital self-tracking devices increasingly benefit from multiple services related to their self-tracking data. Simultaneously, service providers are dependent from these data to offer such services. Thereby, the willingness of users to provide such personal data heavily depends on benefits and risks associated with the disclosure. In this regard, the aim of our research is to investigate the factors influencing the willingness to disclose personal self-tracking data to service providers. So far, IS research has largely focused on private information disclosure in social media and little in the health and behavior context. To advance research in this area, we develop a conceptual model based on the privacy calculus by building on established information disclosure and privacy theories. With our research, we aim at contributing to both a better theoretical understanding in the fields of privacy and information disclosure and giving practical implications for service provider
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Genomics and Global Diversity

ABSTRACT Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high case fatality that occurs in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The complete genomes of 13 geographically and temporally diverse virus strains were determined, and CCHF viruses were found to be highly variable with 20 and 8%, 31 and 27%, and 22 and 10% nucleotide and deduced amino acid differences detected among virus S (nucleocapsid), M (glycoprotein), and L (polymerase) genome segments, respectively. Distinct geographic lineages exist, but with multiple exceptions indicative of long-distance virus movement. Discrepancies among the virus S, M, and L phylogenetic tree topologies document multiple RNA segment reassortment events. An analysis of individual segment datasets suggests genetic recombination also occurs. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high.