Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of chromatin structure on the distribution of DNA repair synthesis studied by nuclease digestion

The influence of chromatin structure on the distribution of DNA repair synthesis was studied by enzymatic digestion of "repair labeled" nuclei of mouse mammary cells: "repair labeled" nuclei were isolated from pregnancy mammary tissue fragments, treated in vitro with methylmethanesulfonate (MMS) or methylnitrosourea (MNU), and pulse-labeled with 3H-thymidine in the presence of hydroxyurea in the culture medium. Micrococcal nuclease digestion of "repair labeled" nuclei indicates that at early hours after treatment with the alkylating agents 70-80% of the total repair synthesis is located in the linker portion of the nucleosome. However, 6-12 hours after treatment DNA repair synthesis is more evenly distributed throughout the core and linker portion of the nucleosome. "Repair labeled" mammary cell nuclei were also digested with DNase I under conditions selective for transcriptionally active chromatin. A two-fold higher level of repair synthesis was found in the transcriptionally active chromatin of "repair labeled" nuclei isolated from MMS or MNU treated mammary fragments, pulse-labeled at different times after treatment. The results indicate that structural constitution of the chromatin may influence the distribution of DNA repair synthesis both at the nucleosome level, and at higher levels of chromatin organization. This may be due to 1) nonrandom base alkylation in chromatin or 2) areas in chromatin with increased accessibility for the repair enzymes to the alkylated bases.
A model intercomparison analysing the link between column ozone and geopotential height anomalies in January

A statistical framework to evaluate the perfor- mance of chemistry-climate models with respect to the inter- action between meteorology and column ozone during north- ern hemisphere mid-winter, in particularly January, is used. Different statistical diagnostics from four chemistry-climate models (E39C, ME4C, UMUCAM, ULAQ) are compared with the ERA-40 re-analysis. First, we analyse vertical co- herence in geopotential height anomalies as described by lin- ear correlations between two different pressure levels (30 and 200 hPa) of the atmosphere. In addition, linear correla- tions between column ozone and geopotential height anoma- lies at 200 hPa are discussed to motivate a simple picture of the meteorological impacts on column ozone on interan- nual timescales. Secondly, we discuss characteristic spatial structures in geopotential height and column ozone anoma- lies as given by their first two empirical orthogonal func- tions. Finally, we describe the covariance patterns between reconstructed anomalies of geopotential height and column ozone. In general we find good agreement between the mod- els with higher horizontal resolution (E39C, ME4C, UMU- CAM) and ERA-40. The Pacific-North American (PNA) pat- tern emerges as a useful qualitative benchmark for the model performance. Models with higher horizontal resolution and high upper boundary (ME4C and UMUCAM) show good agreement with the PNA tripole derived from ERA-40 data, including the column ozone modulation over the Pacfic sec- tor. The model with lowest horizontal resolution does not show a classic PNA pattern (ULAQ), and the model with the lowest upper boundary (E39C) does not capture the PNA re- lated column ozone variations over the Pacific sector. Those discrepancies have to be taken into account when providing confidence intervals for climate change integrations.
Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction

Game theory, the formalized study of strategy, began in the 1940s by asking how emotionless geniuses should play games, but ignored until recently how average people with emotions and limited foresight actually play games. This book marks the first substantial and authoritative effort to close this gap. Colin Camerer, one of the field's leading figures, uses psychological principles and hundreds of experiments to develop mathematical theories of reciprocity, limited strategizing, and learning, which help predict what real people and companies do in strategic situations. Unifying a wealth of information from ongoing studies in strategic behavior, he takes the experimental science of behavioral economics a major step forward. He does so in lucid, friendly prose. Behavioral game theory has three ingredients that come clearly into focus in this book: mathematical theories of how moral obligation and vengeance affect the way people bargain and trust each other; a theory of how limits in the brain constrain the number of steps of "I think he thinks . " reasoning people naturally do; and a theory of how people learn from experience to make better strategic decisions. Strategic interactions that can be explained by behavioral game theory include bargaining, games of bluffing as in sports and poker, strikes, how conventions help coordinate a joint activity, price competition and patent races, and building up reputations for trustworthiness or ruthlessness in business or life. While there are many books on standard game theory that address the way ideally rational actors operate, Behavioral Game Theory stands alone in blending experimental evidence and psychology in a mathematical theory of normal strategic behavior. It is must reading for anyone who seeks a more complete understanding of strategic thinking, from professional economists to scholars and students of economics, management studies, psychology, political science, anthropology, and biology.
Problematic Game Play: The Diagnostic Value of Playing Motives, Passion, and Playing Time in Men

Internet gaming disorder is currently listed in the DSM—not in order to diagnose such a disorder but to encourage research to investigate this phenomenon. Even whether it is still questionable if Internet Gaming Disorder exists and can be judged as a form of addiction, problematic game play is already very well researched to cause problems in daily life. Approaches trying to predict problematic tendencies in digital game play have mainly focused on playing time as a diagnostic criterion. However, motives to engage in digital game play and obsessive passion for game play have also been found to predict problematic game play but have not yet been investigated together. The present study aims at (1) analyzing if obsessive passion can be distinguished from problematic game play as separate concepts, and (2) testing motives of game play, passion, and playing time for their predictive values for problematic tendencies. We found (N = 99 males, Age: M = 22.80, SD = 3.81) that obsessive passion can be conceptually separated from problematic game play. In addition, the results suggest that compared to solely playing time immersion as playing motive and obsessive passion have added predictive value for problematic game play. The implications focus on broadening the criteria in order to diagnose problematic playing.
God Talk: Experimenting with the Religious Causes of Public Opinion

Acknowledgments Introduction: Obama Is a Muslim? What Religion and Politics Research Has to Say 1 Getting to the Heart of Things: The State of the Literature and the Promise of Experiments in Religion and Politics Research PART I With What Effect Do Political Elites Use Religion? 2 God Talk: Religious Cues and Electoral Support 3 Why People Will Not Vote for Atheist Candidates, coauthored with Chelsea Back PART II How Are Religious Elites and Groups and Their Public Arguments Evaluated? 4 Evangelizing the Environment: Decision Process Effects in Political Persuasion, coauthored with Gregory W. Gwiasda 5 Justification Not by Faith Alone: Clergy Generating Trust and Certainty by Revealing Thought 6 Between a Bloc and a Hard Place: Voters' Perceptions of Group Threat Credibility in Elections 7 Fair and Balanced: Conditional Elite Effects on Threat Perceptions of Homosexuals among Evangelical Protestants, coauthored with Samantha Webb PART III How Can Congregation-Based Elites Affect Members? 8 Divine Intervention? The Influence of Religious Values Communication on U.S. Foreign Intervention Policy 9 The Civil Brake: Values as Contextual Influences on Elite Framing Effects Conclusion: An Emerging Approach to the Study of Religious Influence Appendix References Index
Differences Among Abused and Nonabused Younger and Older Adults as Measured by the Hand Test

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of participants' abused or nonabused status as it interacted with their age and gender in producing different patterns of Hand Test responses as a function of the age or gender of the card. Participants, 61 young adults (M age = 23) and 60 older adults (M age = 73), were presented with the original Hand Test cards, as well as four alternate versions (e.g., young male, young female, older male, and older female). Expected effects varying by age, gender, and abuse status were not found. Results indicated main effects for participant abuse status, which were largely consistent with previous Hand Test research. Significant interaction effects were also found for participant age by participant abuse status (p < .05), as well as participant age by participant gender by participant abuse status (p < .05). An interaction effect was also found for Hand Test version by participant abuse status (p < .05), Hand Test version by participant age by participant abuse status (p < .05), as well as Hand Test version by participant gender by participant abuse status (p < .05). These results suggest that the alternate forms of the cards may pull for certain responses among abused participants that would not have been identified otherwise via the standard version of the Hand Test, clinical interviews, or other projective and self-report measures of personality. Overall, the variations in Hand Test stimuli interact with participants' abuse status, and warrant the use of alternate versions of the Hand Test as a viable projective measure.
Evaluating Governance: Effectiveness and Legitimacy in Areas of Limited Statehood

While it is widely acknowledged that effectiveness and legitimacy both play an important role in the evaluation of governance, the causal relationship between these two concepts is far from clear. While some theorists hold that there is an inevitable trade-off between the demands of effectiveness and legitimacy, others argue that both qualities are mutually reinforcing. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the relationship between these two standards under conditions of limited statehood. The paper is organized into three sections: In the first section I will define the central concepts of effectiveness and legitimacy. While the main features of the concept of effectiveness are straightforward, the concept of legitimacy is notoriously opaque. In the second section, I will argue that the causal relationship between effectiveness and legitimacy is far more complex than usually assumed. Most scholars describe the connection as a virtuous circle: The more effective a political order or institution is, the more legitimate it is, and the more legitimate it is, the more effective it becomes. While the causal pathway from legitimacy to effectiveness is well understood, this does not hold true for the reverse connection from effectiveness to legitimacy. I will therefore identify four necessary conditions which have to be met in order to make the virtuous circle argument compelling. These are the conditions of (1.) “instrumental legitimacy belief,” (2.) “shared social goals,” (3.) “transparency,” and (4.) “generalization”. Finally, I will argue that these conditions are serious challenges to effective and legitimate governance in areas of limited statehood.
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha stimulates both differentiation and fatty acid oxidation in adipocytes[S]

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) is a dietary lipid sensor, whose activation results in hypolipidemic effects. In this study, we investigated whether PPARα activation affects energy metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT). Activation of PPARα by its agonist (bezafibrate) markedly reduced adiposity in KK mice fed a high-fat diet. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, addition of GW7647, a highly specific PPARα agonist, during adipocyte differentiation enhanced glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and adipogenic gene expression. However, triglyceride accumulation was not increased by PPARα activation. PPARα activation induced expression of target genes involved in FA oxidation and stimulated FA oxidation. In WAT of KK mice treated with bezafibrate, both adipogenic and FA oxidation-related genes were significantly upregulated. These changes in mRNA expression were not observed in PPARα-deficient mice. Bezafibrate treatment enhanced FA oxidation in isolated adipocytes, suppressing adipocyte hypertrophy. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay revealed that PPARα was recruited to promoter regions of both adipogenic and FA oxidation-related genes in the presence of GW7647 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings indicate that the activation of PPARα affects energy metabolism in adipocytes, and PPARα activation in WAT may contribute to the clinical effects of fibrate drugs.
Versión Argentina del TMMS para adolescentes: Una medida de la inteligencia emocional percibida

La inteligencia emocional (IE) es un conjunto de habilidades que explican las diferencias en la forma de percibir y regular estados emocionales (Mayer & Salovey, 1997a). Segun Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, y Palfai (1995), la IE percibida esta compuesta por tres dimensiones: atencion a los sentimientos, claridad emocional y reparacion de las emociones. El objetivo de este articulo es adaptar y validar para poblacion adolescente hispanohablante de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina, la Trait Meta Mood Scale (TMMS; Salovey y cols. 1995), escala que operacionaliza este modelo. Se trabajo con 400 adolescentes (264 mujeres -61.8%- y 136 varones), con una edad media de 15.15 anos (DE = 1.87). Se sometio el instrumento a un analisis factorial exploratorio, un analisis factorial confirmatorio, estudios de consistencia interna y de discriminacion, obteniendo una escala de 21 items. Los resultados indican que la TMMS es una medida de IE percibida valida y confiable para adolescentes hispanohablantes de la CABA, Argentina.
Exploring trust of mobile applications based on user behaviors: an empirical study

This paper explores trust of mobile applications based on users' behaviors. It proposes a trust behavior construct through principal component analysis, reliability analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis based on the data collected from a questionnaire survey with more than 1,500 participants. It is indicated that a user's trust behavior is composed of three principal constructs: using behavior, reflection behavior, and correlation behavior. They are further delineated into 12 measurable sub-constructs and relate to a number of external factors. The data analysis showed that the questionnaire has positive psychometric properties with respect to construct validity and reliability. We also discuss the practical significance and limitations of our work toward usable trust management.
The Epistemic Dimension of Competence in the Social Sciences

To investigate competence in the social sciences, we propose to define competence as a particular configuration of the learner’s cognition, strategic repertoire, motivation, and orientation toward knowing. Specifically, we focus on epistemic beliefs and on the changes that a view of knowing as a complex, effortful, generative, evidence-seeking, and reflective enterprise entails. In this context, we discuss how familiarity with the processes used to justify knowledge claims within specific disciplinary communities can provide useful tools to develop the kind of adaptive and consistent thinking that characterize competence in different domains and how this focus may aid the identification of characteristics common across domains. We use our empirical exploration of adolescents’ development of competence in the domain of history to illustrate the implications of this theoretical framework, to highlight the relations between domain-specific epistemic beliefs and kind of understanding that students built as a result of reading multiple texts, and to suggest what pedagogical practices may have influenced students’ orientations toward knowing in these three history classes.
Factorized Bilinear Models for Image Recognition

Although Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have liberated their power in various computer vision tasks, the most important components of CNN, convolutional layers and fully connected layers, are still limited to linear transformations. In this paper, we propose a novel Factorized Bilinear (FB) layer to model the pairwise feature interactions by considering the quadratic terms in the transformations. Compared with existing methods that tried to incorporate complex non-linearity structures into CNNs, the factorized parameterization makes our FB layer only require a linear increase of parameters and affordable computational cost. To further reduce the risk of overfitting of the FB layer, a specific remedy called DropFactor is devised during the training process. We also analyze the connection between FB layer and some existing models, and show FB layer is a generalization to them. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of FB layer on several widely adopted datasets including CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and ImageNet, and demonstrate superior results compared with various state-of-the-art deep models.
Predicted Eigenvalue Threshold Based Spectrum Sensing with Correlated Multiple-Antennas

In this paper, we consider the problem of sensing a primary user in a cognitive radio network by employing multiple-antennas at the secondary user. Among the many spectrum-sensing methods, the predicted eigenvalue threshold (PET) based method is a promising non-parametric blind method that can reliably detect the primary users without any prior information. Also, a simplified PET sensing method, which needs to compare only one eigenvalue to its threshold, is introduced. A performance comparison between the proposed method and other existing methods is provided. Spatial antenna correlation at the secondary user is a crucial factor for practical systems. The effect of the spatial correlation presence on the different sensing methods is investigated.
Effect of altered gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility on metformin absorption.

AIMS The purpose of this in vivo human study was to assess the effect of altered gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility on the absorption of metformin in healthy subjects. METHODS An open-label, three treatment, three period crossover study was conducted in 11 healthy volunteers. Each subject received 550 mg metformin hydrochloride in solution alone; 5 min after a 10 mg i.v. dose of metoclopramide; and 30 min after a 30 mg oral dose of propantheline. Metformin solution was radiolabeled by the addition of 99mTc-DTPA. The gastrointestinal transit of the solution was monitored by gamma scintigraphy and the pharmacokinetic data were correlated with the scintigraphic findings. RESULTS Scintigraphic data indicated that pretreatment with metoclopramide decreased gastric emptying time and increased gastrointestinal motility while pretreatment with propantheline had the opposite effect. The systemic disposition of metformin was not altered by pretreatment with metoclopramide and propantheline, as judged by unchanged renal clearance and elimination half-life of metformin. Extent of metformin absorption was essentially unchanged after pretreatment with metoclopramide. However, AUC(0,infinity) and % UR (percent dose excreted unchanged in urine) generally increased with increase in gastric emptying time and small intestinal transit times. GI overlay plots showed that the absorption phase of metformin plasma profile always coincided with gastric emptying and the beginning of decline of metformin plasma concentrations was usually associated with the colon arrival. Only in cases where the intestinal transit was drastically prolonged by propantheline pretreatment, was a decline in plasma levels observed prior to colon arrival. CONCLUSIONS Metformin is primarily absorbed from the small intestine. The extent of metformin absorption is improved when the gastrointestinal motility is slowed. These findings have significant implications in the design of a metformin modified release dosage form.
Characteristic Gene Selection via Weighting Principal Components by Singular Values

Conventional gene selection methods based on principal component analysis (PCA) use only the first principal component (PC) of PCA or sparse PCA to select characteristic genes. These methods indeed assume that the first PC plays a dominant role in gene selection. However, in a number of cases this assumption is not satisfied, so the conventional PCA-based methods usually provide poor selection results. In order to improve the performance of the PCA-based gene selection method, we put forward the gene selection method via weighting PCs by singular values (WPCS). Because different PCs have different importance, the singular values are exploited as the weights to represent the influence on gene selection of different PCs. The ROC curves and AUC statistics on artificial data show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, experimental results on real gene expression data sets show that our method can extract more characteristic genes in response to abiotic stresses than conventional gene selection methods.
A Coproantigen Diagnostic Test for Strongyloides Infection

Accurate diagnosis of infection with the parasite Strongyloides stercoralis is hampered by the low concentration of larvae in stool, rendering parasitological diagnosis insensitive. Even if the more sensitive agar plate culture method is used repeated stool sampling is necessary to achieve satisfactory sensitivity. In this manuscript we describe the development of a coproantigen ELISA for diagnosis of infection. Polyclonal rabbit antiserum was raised against Strongyloides ratti excretory/secretory (E/S) antigen and utilized to develop an antigen capture ELISA. The assay enabled detection of subpatent rodent S. ratti and human S. stercoralis infection. No cross-reactivity was observed with purified E/S from Schistosoma japonicum, the hookworms Ancylostoma caninum, A. ceylanicum, nor with fecal samples collected from rodents harboring Trichuris muris or S. mansoni infection. Strongyloides coproantigens that appear stable when frozen as formalin-extracted fecal supernatants stored at −20°C remained positive up to 270 days of storage, whereas supernatants stored at 4°C tested negative. These results indicate that diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis by detection of coproantigen is an approach worthy of further development.
Educating 21st century LIS professionals - The needs and expectations: A survey of Indian LIS professionals and alumni

Library and information science (LIS) education focuses on developing a workforce suitable to the demands of the contemporary information environment. There is a need to audit the LIS curriculum for its relevance to the twenty-first century hybrid environment. This paper analyzes the opinions of young and experienced professionals in India on existing LIS courses" ability to meet the demand and increase employability. The paper proposes a general framework to overcome the issues.