Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environmental Protest in Western Europe

arises with respect to Finke’s insistence that the ‘harmful’ metaphors currently guiding thought in various areas of society (e.g. the human mind as computer, nature as mechanism, economic growth as linear, accumulative process) ought to be replaced with better, more ‘healthy’ metaphors. However, the criteria for distinguishing between ‘harmful’ and ‘healthy’ metaphors are never clarified, and I suspect that the ground where Finke would like to anchor them will, on closer inspection, turn out to be itself metaphorical. Yet it is precisely the juxtaposition with the more exploratory pieces of the volume which makes Kanngießer’s call for scientific sobriety all the more resonant – thus paradoxically lending credence to one of Finke’s main points: that pluralism must take precedence over consistency if we don’t want scientific rigour to turn into methodological rigor mortis. Finally, one should take note that Die Vielfalt der Wechselwirkung also exemplifies one of the downsides of diversity: all the articles in the volume are in German, which will probably preclude it from reaching the wide readership it deserves.
Photographs, Skeuomorphs and Marionettes

The aim of this article is to investigate the agency of objects, a seemingly paradoxical statement within most recent western thought, in which agents and objects are sharply contrasted. However, in an important attempt to overcome the profound dichotomy between people and things, the observation that ‘objects have social lives’ has become something of a mantra in material culture studies. Yet rather more than a mantra is required if we are to move forward in our understanding of the complex workings of material culture; we need to investigate the potentially diverse processes whereby ‘inanimate’ objects come to be socially alive. To this end, an interdisciplinary approach is adopted that draws upon current research in archaeology, anthropology, aesthetics, sociology, and cognitive psychology.
The Development Strategy of IT Capability: A Contingency Perspective

This study proposes a conceptual model to link IT capabilities, industry types, and value implications. We attempt to use a contingency analysis to theorize that which types of IT capabilities (e.g., externally-focused, internally-focused, and aggregate IT capability) should a firm develop and then what benefits (e.g., firm value and firm performance) it will gain according to its industry's value creation logic (e.g., value chain-based, value shop-based, and value network-based industry). The empirical findings show that a value network-based firm should develop externally-focused IT capabilities to create its firm value and a value chain-based firm should develop aggregate IT capabilities to improve its firm performance and create its firm value.
Adolescent Sex Offenders' Rankings of Therapeutic Factors Using the Yalom Card Sort

ABSTRACT Following 11–98 weeks of inpatient residential treatment, 69 male adolescent sex offenders completed the 60-item, 12-factor Yalom Card Sort. The rank orders were compared to adult sex offenders and a psychiatric adult outpatient group. Relative to adult psychiatric outpatients, the adolescent sex offenders had rated Instillation of Hope three ranks higher; Family Reenactment, four ranks higher; and Interpersonal Learning (input), eight ranks lower. In comparison to adult sex offenders, both Instillation of Hope and Universality were rated three ranks higher, and Interpersonal Learning (input) was rated four ranks lower. Rankings were correlated with age and treatment length. As age increased, the ranking of Family Reenactment decreased and as treatment length increased so did the importance of Group Cohesiveness. Implications for adolescent sex offender treatment are discussed.
Serum protein electrophoresis: any role in monitoring for antiretroviral therapy?

BACKGROUND Developing world are always looking for monitoring tools during reagent shortage and equipments troubles which are very frequent. The aim of this study was to evaluate Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPE) as a marker for assessing HIV treatment response. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 220 participants in four distinct groups: Symptomatic HIV positive patients [specifically those on antiretroviral treatment (ART) versus those not on ART] asymptomatic HIV positive patients, and healthy blood donors. Five serum protein fractions (Albumin, Alpha-1, Alpha-2, Beta, and Gamma) were compared between these groups after measuring the density of the fractions. RESULTS Concentration of gamma globulin was lowest among healthy blood donors, intermediate and comparable among asymptomatic HIV positive and symptomatic HIV positive on ART and highest among untreated symptomatic HIV positive. Concentration of gamma globulin was inversely correlated with the disease stage (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, conducted in a setting where the burden of infectious diseases is high, the density of gamma globulin and albumin fractions were significantly associated with HIV status, and among HIV positive patients, with stage of HIV disease and ART. These results suggest that the feasibility of using SPE for monitoring the response of ART in low resource settings should be further explored.
Iron, Gender, and Power: Rituals of Transformation in African Societies

"Herbert examines with great care and thoroughness the relationships between gender and power and the rationales that give them social form.Her analytical ability is outstanding. " - Patrick McNaughton. Eugenia W. Herbert presents African ironworking as an encapsulation of fundamental beliefs about transformation. With metallurgy as a model, the author extends these beliefs to other transformative activities such as the investiture of chiefs, hunting, and pottery making to propose a theory of power constructed along the twin axes of gender and age. Part 1 examines ironworking in a range of African societies in order to identify the core elements of belief as they are demonstrated in actual practice. Part 2 extends this model to chiefly investiture and hunting, both male-dominated. Herbert argues that these activities reveal the same underlying notions of power based on control of male and female reproductivity. In contrast, pottery making, usually a women's activity, is shown to be much less ritualized and to confer much less power on its practitioners. Generously illustrated and accessibly written, this book will have wide appeal to readers interested in questions of technology, gender, and culture.
Mathematics the Critical Filter: A Look at Some Residues

Interviews were conducted regarding attitudes toward sex role and mathematics with three cognitively equated groups of girls who had enrolled in different amounts of theoretical (college-track) math in high school (n = 87). Girls who took the least math were less ambitious and in some ways, more independent. Girls who took four years of theoretical math had more pleasant earliest memories of math, fewer negative experiences with teachers, but more conflict between sex role and achievement. Results continue to underscore contradictions in the socialization of girls.
Mucosal Irritation Potential of Personal Lubricants Relates to Product Osmolality as Detected by the Slug Mucosal Irritation Assay

Background: The slug mucosal irritation assay has recently been used as a sensitive measure of mucus membrane tolerance for vaginal microbicide products and carriers. In the current study, it was determined whether musosal irritation potency of personal lubricants is related to varying product osmolalities. Methods: Five commercial lubricants with an osmolality range were evaluated using the previously validated slug mucosal irritation assay. Specifically, Arion lusitanicus were treated with lubricants over 5 days to quantify mucus production and tissue damage, allowing assignment of each product into an irritation potency category (none, mild, moderate, or severe). Results: The irritation potency (assessed by the mucus production) of the lubricants showed a significant, quadratic relationship with the product osmolality (P = 0.001; R2 = 0.99). Femglide, a hypo-osmotic lubricant (32 mOsm/kg), caused a negative mucus production. Pré, an iso-osmotic lubricant (316 mOsm/kg), caused no changes. Two moderately hyperosmotic lubricants, Replens and K-Y jelly (2143 and 2463 mOsm/kg), induced mild and moderate irritation, respectively. The highly hyperosmotic lubricant Astroglide (5848 mOsm/kg) resulted in severe irritation and tissue damage. Conclusions: Commonly used personal lubricants show a full range of mucosal irritation potential, which is related to product osmolality.
Solving Constrained Optimization Problems by the ε Constrained Particle Swarm Optimizer with Adaptive Velocity Limit Control

The epsiv constrained method is an algorithm transformation method, which can convert algorithms for unconstrained problems to algorithms for constrained problems using the epsiv level comparison that compares the search points based on the constraint violation of them. We proposed the epsiv constrained particle swarm optimizer epsivPSO, which is the combination of the epsiv constrained method and particle swarm optimization. In the epsivPSO, the agents who satisfy the constraints move to optimize the objective function and the agents who don't satisfy the constraints move to satisfy the constraints. But sometimes the velocity of agents becomes too big and they fly away from feasible region. In this study, to solve this problem, we propose to divide agents into some groups and control the maximum velocity of agents adaptively by comparing the movement of agents in each group. The effectiveness of the improved epsivPSO is shown by comparing it with various methods on well known nonlinear constrained problems
Compassion at the counter: Service providers and bereaved consumers

Although the emotional labour required of service providers has received considerable research attention, few studies have examined service workers’ experiences of emotionally charged service encounters. In this article we review literature on emotion management and compassion in the workplace. We then describe a qualitative study which examined the service encounter occurring when bereaved Irish consumers contacted their local newspaper to place In Memoriam notices on the anniversary of a close family member’s death. We suggest that these newspaper employees engaged in philanthropic emotion management when dealing with bereaved customers, and we locate this within the broader context of compassion as interpersonal work and as organizational accomplishment. We also suggest that compassion in organizations is not amenable to managerial systematization and control.
Developing Life Effectiveness through Adventure Education: The Roles of Participant Expectations, Perceptions of Empowerment, and Learning Relevance

The processes behind many adventure education programs remain poorly documented, and how development is fostered through adventure is not well understood. While a number of theory-based articles do exist, little empirical research has been available to influence experiential education program design. This study explores the roles that participant pre-program expectations, on-program perceptions of empowerment, and learning relevance play in the development of life effectiveness through an adventure education program. The path analyses supported the hypothesized role of perceived personal empowerment as a mediator between participant expectations and the development of life effectiveness. The hypothesized mediating role of perceived learning relevance was not supported. Implications for program design and future research on the adventure education process are discussed.
Gallery Productivity, Emergence, and Flight Activity of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

ABSTRACT Flight and emergence of the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, were monitored from March 2011 through August 2012 using Lindgren funnel traps baited with manuka oil and emergence traps attached over individual beetle galleries on infested redbay (Persea borbonia (L.) Sprengel) trees. Of the 432 gallery entrances covered with emergence traps, 235 (54.4%) successfully produced at least two adults. Gallery success rates and time until adult emergence were highly variable and strongly depended on time of year galleries were initiated. Successful galleries produced 23.4 ± 2.50 ( ± SE) adult X. glabratus but one had 316 adults emerge from it. Galleries were active for an average of 231.9 ± 6.13 d but five were active for over 1 yr and one gallery produced beetles for 497 d. In total, 5,345 female and 196 males were collected during the study resulting in a sex ratio of ≈27:1 (female:male) emerging from galleries. Ambrosia beetles other than X. glabratus were recovered from 18 galleries or ≈4% of those studied. Beetles that attacked larger diameter trees were more likely to be successful and produce more brood. Lindgren trap captures reflected emergence trap collections but with a delay of about 1 mo between peaks in emergence and capture in traps. Peaks of activity occurred in fall 2011 and spring 2012, but at least some adult beetles were collected using both methods in every month of the year.
From holism to compositionality: memes and the evolution of segmentation, syntax, and signification in music and language

abstract Steven Mithen argues that language evolved from an antecedent he terms “Hmmmmm, [meaning it was] Holistic, manipulative, multi-modal, musical and mimetic”. Owing to certain innate and learned factors, a capacity for segmentation and cross-stream mapping in early Homo sapiens broke the continuous line of Hmmmmm, creating discrete replicated units which, with the initial support of Hmmmmm, eventually became the semantically freighted words of modern language. That which remained after what was a bifurcation of Hmmmmm arguably survived as music, existing as a sound stream segmented into discrete units, although one without the explicit and relatively fixed semantic content of language. All three types of utterance – the parent Hmmmmm, language, and music – are amenable to a memetic interpretation which applies Universal Darwinism to what are understood as language and musical memes. On the basis of Peter Carruthers’ distinction between ‘cognitivism’ and ‘communicativism’ in language, and William Calvin’s theories of cortical information encoding, a framework is hypothesized for the semantic and syntactic associations between, on the one hand, the sonic patterns of language memes (‘lexemes’) and of musical memes (‘musemes’) and, on the other hand, ‘mentalese’ conceptual structures, in Chomsky’s ‘Logical Form’ (LF).
Linkages Between Identity Formation, Romantic Relationship Attachment, and Life Role Salience Among Young Adult Women

ii Acknowledgments iv List of Tables ii List of Figures iii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Identity Development 1 Romantic Relationship Attachment 4 Attachment and Identity 7 Life Role Salience 9 Aims of the Current Study 12 Research Questions and Hypotheses 13 Overarching Conceptual Model 17 Chapter 2: Review of Literature 18 Identity Development 18 Attachment Theory 25 Adult Romantic Attachment 28 Attachment and Identity 34 Life Role Salience 40 Chapter 3: Method 45
Internet Use in Adulthood: Loneliness, Computer Anxiety and Education

Abstract With the recent exponential increase in Internet use, there are concerns about obstacles to gaining access to this potentially beneficial technology. To understand the psychological factors that might be offering barriers to Internet use, the present study considered age, attitudes towards computers, gender, education and social isolation as potential predictors of Internet usage. A sample of 158 adults completed questionnaires about computer anxiety, loneliness and Internet use. Time spent in activities associated with entertainment, communication, information searches and commerce, and overall time spent on the Internet were analysed using multiple regression. It was difficult to predict overall Internet use, but possible to predict specific categories of use. Better-educated participants were more likely to use the Internet for communication. Men, the young, and the lonely used the Internet more for entertainment. Those with lower computer anxiety used the Internet for information searches, and men were more likely than women to use the Internet for commercial purposes. It is suggested that computer anxiety and education may constrain the use of specific applications but Internet use otherwise follows pre-existing tendencies or interests.
The profile of IgG and IgG subclasses of onchocerciasis patients

In this study Onchocerca gutturosa was compared with O. volvulus in an ELISA test to detect Onehocerca‐ spefic IgG and IgG subclasses. The test was developed and standardized to detect Onehocerca‐spefic IgG and IgG subclasses in sera of onchocerciasis patients and endemic controls. Onchocerca volvulus and O. gutturosa crude water‐soluble antigens showed no significant difference in detecting onchocerca‐specific IgG antibody (T = 1·88, P > 0·05). The levels of IgG subclasses varied greatly. IgG4 showed the highest detected mean level (0·84 ± 0·59) and the other three subclasses showed considerably lower mean levels (IgGI =0·27±0·16, IgG2 = 0·24 ± 0·17, IgG3 = 0·28 ± 0·12). The status and score of skin lesions were found to have significant effect on the IgG and IgG subclasses levels (all P < 0·001). lgG4 showed a positive correlation with the microfilarial (Mf) load (r= 0·21, P < 0·03). IgG3 levels have a significant negative correlation with the Mf load (r=‐0·23, P <0·02), The biological significance of these IgG and IgG subclasses in onchocerciasis is discussed.
Dynamics of Well-Being

Well-being refers to a person’s hedonic experience of feeling good and to the eudaimonic experience of fulfillment and purpose. Employee well-being is influenced by experiences at work and, in turn, has an effect on behavior at work such as task performance and other on-the-job behaviors. In this article, I describe well-being as a dynamic construct that changes over time and fluctuates within a person. I review and integrate longitudinal, experience-sampling, and related research on well-being change and variability. I address the role of job stressors, job resources, the interpersonal environment, personal resources, the work–home interface, and performance. I discuss questions of affect symmetry, homology of the between-person and within-person level, and reciprocity between well-being and other variables. The article concludes with suggestions for future research.
The Changing Organizational Context of Professional Work

Our paper represents an attempt to stimulate continued sociological interest in professional work. Our review suggests that understanding professional work is central to understanding larger workplace changes in the late twentieth century. Some researchers have documented the increasingly diverse arrangements for the delivery of professional services, even as others point to a convergence of professional control around accountability and cost containment issues. Claims of diverging interests across work settings are often confounded by greater racial, gender, and ethnic diversity among professionals. We suggest that the study of professional careers provides an avenue for studying the diversification of professionals and work settings. Future research should also follow changes in the prestige rankings of different organizational arrangements from the viewpoint of professionals, professional associations, and clients. Finally we warn researchers that managerial groups seeking control of professional work .
Professional Employee Retention: Examining The Relationships Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Turnover Cognitions

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between organizational citizenship behaviour, intention to search a job, intention to leave the organization, and the profession. Using a sample of social workers (N = 327), findings show that while intention to leave the employer is explained by helping, civic virtue and sportsmanship, intention to leave the profession is explained only by civic virtue and sportsmanship. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Do we learn from our mistakes? An examination of the impact of negative alcohol-related consequences on college students' drinking patterns and perceptions.

OBJECTIVE Little research has examined antecedents of specific drinking consequences (vomiting, regretted sex, hangover, blackouts) among college students. This research examined how students' experiences of past consequences relate to their beliefs of experiencing similar consequences in the future and how these beliefs relate to current drinking patterns. METHOD Self-reported past drinking behavior and resulting consequences associated with specific occasions were assessed among 303 (66% women) college students. Students also estimated number of drinks associated with risk of experiencing future similar consequences. RESULTS Paired-samples t tests indicated that students significantly overestimated the number of drinks it would take to vomit, have unwanted sexual experiences, experience hangovers, and black out in comparison with the actual self-reported number of drinks consumed the last time identical consequences were experienced. In addition, a series of multiple-regression analyses revealed that greater misperceptions between the perceived and actual number of drinks associated with each type of consequence were consistently associated with heavier drinking. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that heavier-drinking students do not learn from their mistakes but instead overestimate the amount of alcohol they can consume without experiencing negative consequences. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of augmenting brief interventions aimed at heavy-drinking college students.
Biodiversity, Purity, and Death: Conservation Biology as Biopolitics

This paper draws on the Foucauldian notion of biopower to renarrate the development of conservation science in the US as a form of liberal biopolitical rule. With its emphasis on making nature live, conservation marks a shift away from a sovereign form of rule that emphasized subduing and controlling nature; today, nature is ruled not by the sword but by science. Through a discussion of key concepts in conservation biology—populations in crisis; evolution and its future orientation; extinction as death that is necessary for life; and diversity as purity—we illustrate the truth discourses, underlying logics, and calculative technologies by which distinctions within nonhuman life are made and made meaningful. We argue that conservation is biopolitical not just in that it moves from controlling individuals to statistically managing populations and species, but also in that it extends the racialized logic of abnormality in its core notions of biological diversity and purity. In the logics of conservation and race, life produces diversity, conceived as variety of biological kinds; within that diversity exist kinds that foster ongoing life, which should be maximized, and kinds that are threats, which should be let die in the name of life in general.