Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Errors Made by Students with Disabilities on a Reading Test with Oral Reading Administration

This study focused on differences in the types of errors made by students with disabilities on a multiple choice reading test administered under oral reading accommodations. The sample was composed of students with physical, emotional, learning, and mental disabilities, as well as students with no recorded disabilities. It was first found that, for the majority of items, students in various disability groups varied slightly in their choice for the distractors. Distractors were then classified in four major categories: Diversion, Misapplication, Delimiting, and Out of Bounds. No visible relationship was found between the chosen distractors and the category of errors. Some small group differences, however, were found in the number of errors in the categories of Misapplication and Delimiting. Taken together, the study indicates that when errors are used as an extra factor in exploring the nature of proficiency, the reading construct varies only slightly across disability groups. The results indicate that it is safe to adhere the same meaning to test scores for these groups even when the test is administered under different accommodations.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of the Medial Patellar Ligaments: An Anatomic and Radiographic Study

Background: The qualitative and quantitative anatomy of the medial patellar stabilizers has been reported; however, a quantitative analysis of the anatomic and radiographic attachments of all 4 ligaments relative to anatomic and osseous landmarks, as well as to one another, has yet to be performed. Purpose: To perform a qualitative and quantitative anatomic and radiographic evaluation of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL), medial patellomeniscal ligament (MPML), and medial quadriceps tendon femoral ligament (MQTFL) attachment sites, with attention to their relationship to pertinent osseous and soft tissue landmarks. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten nonpaired fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees were dissected, and the MPFL, MPTL, MPML, and MQTFL were identified. A coordinate measuring device quantified the attachment areas of each structure and its relationship to pertinent bony landmarks. Radiographic analysis was performed through ligament attachment sites and relevant anatomic structures to assess their locations relative to pertinent bony landmarks. Results: Four separate medial patellar ligaments were identified in all specimens. The center of the MPFL attachments was 14.3 mm proximal and 2.1 mm posterior to the medial epicondyle and 8.3 mm distal and 2.7 mm anterior to the adductor tubercle on the femur and 8.9 mm distal and 19.9 mm medial to the superior pole on the patella. The MQTFL had a mean insertion length of 29.3 mm on the medial aspect of the distal quadriceps tendon. The MPTL and MPML shared a common patellar insertion and were 9.1 mm proximal and 15.4 mm medial to the inferior pole. The MPTL attachment inserted on a newly identified bony ridge, which was located 5.0 mm distal to the joint line. The orientation angles of the MPTL and MPML with respect to the patellar tendon were 8.3° and 22.7°, respectively. Conclusion: The most important findings of this study were the correlative anatomy of 4 distinct medial patellar ligaments (MPFL, MPTL, MPML, MQTFL), as well as the identification of a bony ridge on the medial proximal tibia that consistently served as the attachment site for the MPTL. The quantitative and radiographic measurements, while comparable with current literature, detailed the meniscal insertion of the MPML and defined a patellar insertion of the MPTL and the MPML as a single attachment. The data allow for reproducible landmarks to be established from previously known bony and soft tissue structures. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study provide the anatomic foundation needed for an improved understanding of the role of medial-sided patellar restraints. This will help to further refine injury patterns and/or soft tissue deficiencies that result in lateral patellar instability, which can then be addressed with an anatomic-based reconstruction or repair technique and potentially lead to improved outcomes.
Ice Microstructure and Fabric of Guliya Ice Cap in Tibetan Plateau, and Comparisons with Vostok3G-1, EPICA DML, and North GRIP

This work is the first in the general natural ice literature to compare microstructures and fabrics of continent-type mountain ice in mid-low latitudes with polar ice in order to find out how they evolved based on similar fabric patterns of their vertically girdles. Microstructures and fabrics along the Guliya ice core on the Tibetan Plateau, China, were measured at a depth interval of approximately 10 m. The grain sizes increase unevenly with depth. The fabric patterns vary from the isotropic fabric, to broad single maximum, to vertical girdle, to single-maximum, and finally to multiple-maximum fabric. The grain growth rate of the Guliya core is faster than that of the Vostok3G-1, the EPICA DML, and the North GRIP. The vertical girdle fabric of the Guliya core forms at a high temperature and low strain rate. The strong single maximum fabric of the Guliya core appears in the mid-low part of the core with vertical uniaxial compression or simple shear. The thermal kinemics caused by the temperature can play a vital role in different stress cases to cast the similar or same fabric patterns. Normal grain growth, polygonization/rotation recrystallization, and migration recrystallization play roles different importance at different depths.
Search-free decentralized direction-of-arrival estimation using common roots for non-coherent partly calibrated arrays

We consider decentralized direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation for large partly calibrated arrays composed of multiple fully calibrated uniform linear subarrays. Due to the difficulty of maintaining coherence between signals received in widely separated subarrays, the practical case of non-coherent subar-rays is investigated. Our novel approach for decentralized and non-coherent DoA estimation is based on finding the common roots (CRs) of multiple univariate polynomials corresponding to individual subarrays. We propose two algorithms using generalized Sylvester matrix to find the CRs and to estimate the DoAs. The proposed algorithms substantially reduce communication and computation costs compared to traditional centralized DoA estimation methods. Moreover, simulation results demonstrate that our algorithms outperform existing decentralized methods and can deal with possible DoA estimation ambiguities caused by subarray geometries.
OBSERVING ORGANIZATIONAL AND INTERACTION BEHAVIORS AMONG MUTUAL-HELP RECOVERY HOME MEMBERS

This study explored self-governing processes in a mutual-help recovery setting called Oxford House. Residents from Oxford Houses live in communal, same-sex rented houses without professional staff supervision. The present study analyzed behavioral data observed during business meetings at 29 Northern Illinois Oxford Houses (20 men, 9 women). At these meetings, residents discussed organizational operations and developed or modified rules and regulations for effective day-by-day setting operations. Findings indicated that ecological, house-level factors were significantly related to discussions on issues related to house operations, rather than resident-specific behaviors. The implications of these findings on empowering members in the setting are discussed. RECOVERY HOME MEMBERS Under modern managed care, private and public sector community and inpatient substance abuse facilities have reduced their services significantly. As an *Funding for this project was supported in part by NIAAA (grant number AA12218).
Peer coaching in TEFL/TESL programmes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the peer coaching model as a professional development tool for pre-service ESL/EFL teachers, and its possible applicability to the Binational Centres in Brazil, as well as to teacher development programmes in general. Peer coaching, a reflective approach to teacher development, proposes that teachers share data collected through peer observation as a means for reflection on their individual teaching practices. Findings indicate that peer coaching facilitated exchange of teaching methods and materials, fostered development of teaching skills, and made participants rethink their own teaching methods and styles. The study also revealed which behaviours participants thought were most effective for supporting a successful relationship among peers in a peer coaching programme.
Parenting styles and alcohol use among children and adolescents: A systematic review

Introduction: Research studies have been focusing on the prevalence of alcohol use among children and adolescents since the 1990s. There are many individual, family, and social factors that can influence this kind of risk behaviour. The present review is focused on the influence of parenting styles. Aims: The main aim is to provide a systematic review of studies published from 1995 until 2012 which investigate the relationship between alcohol use among adolescents and parenting styles. Methods: A systematic search of literature employing the PRISMA method identified and evaluated 16 original studies published in the EBSCO, MEDLINE/PubMed, JSTOR, and ScienceDirect databases. The studies were classified according to their research design, the age group of the respondents, the participation of parents, the effects of parenting styles, and the sociocultural setting of the study. Findings: The studies were subjected to quantitative evaluation according to their methodological criteria and forms of parenting styles. Qualitative evaluation showed a broader context and complexity of study results. While there is some evidence of the protective effect of an authoritative parenting style, there are many other individual, social, and environmental factors. Conclusions: There is evidence of a connection between parenting styles and the forms of alcohol use among children and adolescents. Such conclusions should be reflected in national primary prevention strategies and family-based prevention programmes.
Evolution of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Urological Cancers in Togo

Background: Urological cancers are an important public health issue and pose problems with diagnosis and adequate management in developing countries. Our aim was to determine and report epidemiological and histological features of urological cancers in Togo. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted of cases of urological cancers observed in the laboratory of pathological anatomy of the CHU Tokoin over the last 4 years (2012-2016). The parameters studied were frequency, age, sex, sites of development and histological type. Results: Epidemiological data were collected for 182 cases, representing 16.4% of all cancers (1108 cases). The annual frequency was 45.5±1.1 cases on average. The male: female sex ratio was 8.6 with a mean age of 60.2 years. Regarding location, in decreasing order of frequency, the tumors were found in the prostate (n=121 cases; 66.5%), bladder (n=28; 15.4%), kidney (n=19; 10.4%), testis (n=10; 5%), penis (n=3; 1.7%) and scrotum (n=1; 0.5%). Histologically, prostate cancers were predominantly adenocarcinomas (n=116 cases; 95.8%) with a Gleason score of 6 (n=46; 39.7%) predominant. Bladder cancers were mainly squamous cell carcinomas (n=11; 39.3%) followed by transitional carcinomas (n=9 cases; 32.1%) and adenocarcinomas (n=7; 25%). Kidney cancers were predominantly nephroblastomas (n=10, 52.6%) in children and clear cell carcinomas (n=8 cases; 42.1%) in adults. Testicular cancers were Burkitt lymphomas in 5 cases. The cases of penis and scrotum cancers were all squamous cell carcinomas. Conclusion: Urological cancers are experiencing an upsurge in frequency in Togo, dominated by prostate cancer, with a high frequency of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder due to endemic bilharziasis.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INNOVATION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN SMES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FOR ITALY

Innovation in SMEs exhibits some peculiar features that most traditional indicators of innovation activity do not capture. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a structural model of innovation which incorporates information on innovation success from firm surveys along with the usual R&D expenditures and productivity measures. We then apply the model to data on Italian SMEs from the "Survey on Manufacturing Firms" conducted by Mediocredito-Capitalia covering the period 1995-2003. The model is estimated in steps, following the logic of firms' decisions and outcomes: in the first, R&D intensity is linked to a set of firm and market characteristics. We find that international competition fosters R&D intensity, especially for high-tech firms. Firm size, R&D intensity, along with investment in equipment enhances the likelihood of having both process and product innovation. Both these kinds of innovation have a positive impact on firm's productivity, especially process innovation. Among SMEs, larger and older firms seem to be less productive. Bronwyn H. Hall Dept. of Economics 549 Evans Hall UC Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-3880 and NBER bhhall@nber.org Francesca Lotti Structural Economic Analysis Department Bank of Italy via Nazionale 91, 00184 Rome (IT) francesca.lotti@gmail.com Jacques Mairesse INSEE, CREST 15, Boulevard Gabriel PERI 92245 MALAKOFF CEDEX FRANCE and NBER mairesse@ensae.fr
Wireless Backhaul Networks: Capacity Bound, Scalability Analysis and Design Guidelines

This paper studies the scalability of a wireless backhaul network modeled as a random extended network with multiantenna base stations (BSs), where the number of antennas per BS is allowed to scale as a function of the network size. The antenna scaling is justified by the current trend toward the use of higher carrier frequencies, which allows packing a large number of antennas in small form factors. The main goal is to study the per-BS antenna requirement that ensures scalability of this network, i.e., its ability to deliver nonvanishing rate to each source-destination pair. We first derive an information theoretic upper bound on the capacity of this network under a general propagation model, which provides a lower bound on the per-BS antenna requirement. Then, we characterize the scalability requirements for two competing strategies of interest: 1) long hop: each source-destination pair minimizes the number of hops by sacrificing multiplexing gain while achieving full beamforming (power) gain over each hop; and 2) short hop: each source-destination pair communicates through a series of short hops, each achieving full multiplexing gain. While long hop may seem more intuitive in the context of massive multiple-input-multiple-output transmission, we show that the short hop strategy is significantly more efficient in terms of per-BS antenna requirement for throughput scalability. As a part of the proof, we construct a scalable short hop strategy and show that it does not violate any fundamental limits on the spatial degrees of freedom.
Physical-layer security in stochastic wireless networks

Motivated by recent developments in physical-layer security and stochastic geometry, we aim to characterize the fundamental limits of secure communication in wireless networks. Based on a general model in which legitimate nodes and potential eavesdroppers are randomly scattered in space, we define the secure communication graph (s-graph) from the point of view of information-theoretic security. For the Poisson s-graph, we provide conclusive results for: (a) the in-degree and out-degree of a node; (b) the isolation probability; and (c) the secrecy capacity between a node and each of its neighbours. Our analysis reveals the innate connections between information-theoretic security and the spatial densities of legitimate and eavesdropper nodes.
Gene deficiency and pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase confers resilience to repeated social defeat stress

Significance Depression is the most common and debilitating psychiatric disorder in the world. However, the precise mechanisms underlying depression remain largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in depression. The sEH inhibitor, TPPU, showed antidepressant effects in animal models of depression. Expression of sEH protein was increased in the brain of chronically stressed (susceptible) mice and depressed patients. Prophylactic sEH inhibition or sEH-KO resulted in resilience to repeated social defeat stress, associated with increased BDNF-TrkB signaling in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of KO mice. This study shows that sEH plays a key role in the pathophysiology of depression, and that its inhibitors could be potential therapeutic drugs for depression. Depression is a severe and chronic psychiatric disease, affecting 350 million subjects worldwide. Although multiple antidepressants have been used in the treatment of depressive symptoms, their beneficial effects are limited. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in the inflammation that is involved in depression. Thus, we examined here the role of sEH in depression. In both inflammation and social defeat stress models of depression, a potent sEH inhibitor, TPPU, displayed rapid antidepressant effects. Expression of sEH protein in the brain from chronically stressed (susceptible) mice was higher than of control mice. Furthermore, expression of sEH protein in postmortem brain samples of patients with psychiatric diseases, including depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, was higher than controls. This finding suggests that increased sEH levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of certain psychiatric diseases. In support of this hypothesis, pretreatment with TPPU prevented the onset of depression-like behaviors after inflammation or repeated social defeat stress. Moreover, sEH KO mice did not show depression-like behavior after repeated social defeat stress, suggesting stress resilience. The sEH KO mice showed increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylation of its receptor TrkB in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, but not nucleus accumbens, suggesting that increased BDNF-TrkB signaling in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus confer stress resilience. All of these findings suggest that sEH plays a key role in the pathophysiology of depression, and that epoxy fatty acids, their mimics, as well as sEH inhibitors could be potential therapeutic or prophylactic drugs for depression.
UpWind: aerodynamics and aero-elasticity Rotor aerodynamics in atmospheric shear flow

Traditionally, rotor computations using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) are performed assuming a uniform inflow with zero shear over the rotor disc. In the present work, time true simulations of a rotor in an atmospheric boundary layer are performed to investigate the unsteady effects due to variation of the mean velocity over the rotor disc. The main purpose of these computations are to provide new input to the BEM (Blade Element Momentum) type models used in most engineering codes, concerning the dynamic induction and an eventual phase shifting of the force response with respect to the variation of the inflow velocity over the rotor disc. The results show a clear disturbance of the flow upstream of the rotor and a pronounced phase lag in azimuth direction of the forces and the axial velocity seen by the blades.
The social meanings of welsh English: Teachers’ stereotyped Judgements

Research into the social meanings of Welsh, Welsh English, and Standard British English has produced mixed findings over the years. For example, Welsh English has been judged as highly as Welsh in some studies; in others, both Welsh English and Standard British English have been downgraded relative to Welsh. This study measured the evaluations of teachers all over Wales to a number of varieties of Welsh English, as well as Standard British English. These varieties were differentiated by all respondents on prestige, dynamism, pleasantness, and truly Welsh‐sounding. Moreover, North Wales teachers were found to have different views from southerners of how Welsh‐sounding each variety was. In addition, Welsh‐speakers differed from non Welsh‐speakers in their judgements of the relative prestige and dynamism of the varieties. Whilst the teachers endorsed the social value of Standard British English as holding most prestige, the South West Wales variety emerged as a contender for the title of Standard Welsh English, being judged not only relatively prestigious, but also dynamic, and the most pleasant and truly Welsh‐sounding of the varieties studied.
Gene Expression Profiles Predict Early Relapse in Ovarian Cancer after Platinum-Paclitaxel Chemotherapy

Purpose: Women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer are routinely treated with platinum-paclitaxel chemotherapy following cytoreductive surgery, yet only ∼20% achieve long-term disease-free survival. We hypothesized that differences in gene expression before treatment could distinguish patients with short versus long time to recurrence after administration of platinum-paclitaxel combination chemotherapy. Experimental Design: To test this hypothesis, gene expression profiling of 79 primary surgically resected tumors from women with advanced-stage, high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer was done using cDNA microarrays containing 30,721 genes. Supervised learning algorithms were applied in an effort to develop a binary classifier that could discriminate women at risk for early (≤21 months) versus late (>21 months) relapse after initial chemotherapy. Results: A 14-gene predictive model was developed using a set of training samples (n = 51) and subsequently tested using an independent set of test samples (n = 28). This model correctly predicted the outcome of 24 of the 28 test samples (86% accuracy) with 95% positive predictive value for early relapse. Conclusions: Predictive markers for early recurrence can be identified for platinum-paclitaxel combination chemotherapy in primary ovarian carcinoma. The proposed 14-gene model requires further validation.
Fuzzy-based adaptive bandwidth control for loss guarantees

This paper presents the use of adaptive bandwidth control (ABC) for a quantitative packet loss rate guarantee to aggregate traffic in packet switched networks. ABC starts with some initial amount of bandwidth allocated to a queue and adjusts it over time based on online measurements of system states to ensure that the allocated bandwidth is just enough to attain the specified loss requirement. Consequently, no a priori detailed traffic information is required, making ABC more suitable for efficient aggregate quality of service (QoS) provisioning. We propose an ABC algorithm called augmented Fuzzy (A-Fuzzy) control, whereby fuzzy logic control is used to keep an average queue length at an appropriate target value, and the measured packet loss rate is used to augment the standard control to achieve better performance. An extensive simulation study based on both theoretical traffic models and real traffic traces under a wide range of system configurations demonstrates that the A-Fuzzy control itself is highly robust, yields high bandwidth utilization, and is indeed a viable alternative and improvement to static bandwidth allocation (SBA) and existing adaptive bandwidth allocation schemes. Additionally, we develop a simple and efficient measurement-based admission control procedure which limits the amount of input traffic in order to maintain the performance of the A-Fuzzy control at an acceptable level.