Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pancasila As Integration Philosophy of Education And National Character

The influence of the ideology of neo-liberalism with a set of values such as individualism, materialism, secularism, hedonism, rationalism, materialism, the high of consumerism culture and the effect of market culture with the values of capitalism has hit the Indonesian national identity with a democratic political life, so that we as a nation of Indonesia almost forgotten the values of its own local culture and religion which we believe. In effect, values and local wisdom did not give color Indonesia education. However, more influenced by western values compared with the European community and the United States though. The author tries to present "Integrity Of Pancasila Philosophy As Character Education Nation Indonesia" which is expected to provide the best solutions for education in Indonesia is more colored by the values of the partial, not integrated, which will be presented by some of the experts of education in Indonesia.
A Meta-analysis of Studies Comparing Outcomes of Diverse Acellular Dermal Matrices for Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction

Background The current diversity of the available acellular dermal matrix (ADM) materials for implant-based breast reconstruction raises the issue of whether there are any differences in postoperative outcomes according to the kind of ADM used. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether choice of ADM products can affect outcomes. Methods Studies that used multiple kinds of ADM products for implant-based breast reconstruction and compared outcomes between them were searched. Outcomes of interest were rates of postoperative complications: infection, seroma, mastectomy flap necrosis, reconstruction failure, and overall complications. Results A total of 17 studies met the selection criteria. There was only 1 randomized controlled trial, and the other 16 studies had retrospective designs. Comparison of FlexHD, DermaMatrix, and ready-to-use AlloDerm with freeze-dried AlloDerm was conducted in multiple studies and could be meta-analyzed, in which 12 studies participated. In the meta-analysis comparing FlexHD and freeze-dried AlloDerm, using the results of 6 studies, both products showed similar pooled risks for all kinds of complications. When comparing DermaMatrix and freeze-dried AlloDerm with the results from 4 studies, there were also no differences between the pooled risks of complications of the two. Similarly, the meta-analysis of 4 studies comparing ready-to-use and freeze-dried AlloDerm demonstrated that the pooled risks for the complications did not differ. Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrates that the 3 recently invented, human cadaveric skin–based products of FlexHD, DermaMatrix, and ready-to-use AlloDerm have similar risks of complications compared with those of freeze-dried AlloDerm, which has been used for longer. However, as most studies had low levels of evidence, further investigations are needed.
Analysis of gene expression profiles along the tonotopic map of mouse cochlea by cDNA microarrays

Conclusion: This study demonstrated differential gene expression profiles along the axis of the mouse cochlea. It also suggests the mechanism that establishes the tonotopic organization. Objectives: The molecular basis of the tonotopic mapping of the mammalian cochlea remains unclear. We therefore examined the genes that were abundantly expressed in either the apex or the base of mouse cochlea. Materials and methods: Apical and basal portions of cochlea, which contained the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neurons, were independently dissected from 10 adult C57BL/6 mice, and their total RNAs were respectively isolated. The gene expression profiles of each of these two pools were examined and compared to each other by the complementary DNA microarray technique. Results: Of 20 289 probes tested, 64 genes were found to be expressed in the apical portion more than fivefold more abundantly than in the basal portion, and 77 genes were vice versa. Of interest, the genes of several functional proteins such as β2- and γ2-subunits of GABAA receptors dominated the basal part, indicating that these molecules may be involved in high-frequency tuning of the hair cells and/or ganglion neurons.
Effect of Programmed Instruction Related to Motivation, Anxiety, and Test Wiseness on Group IQ Test Performance

To investigate the efficacy of a cognitive approach to problems of motivation, anxiety, and test wiseness, programmed texts were used to condition verbal repertoires relevant to each of these problems. Five sixth-grade classes (118 students) were administered the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test in a pretest-posttest design. Each class received one of the following conditions: (a) control condition, (b) motivation program, (c) anxiety program, (d) test wiseness program, or (e) a combination of all three programs. There was a significant effect only on raw scores. Comparing the combination group with the control group, both IQ and raw score gains were significant. Lower IQ level students made greater raw score gains that did upper IQ level students. The literature suggests that test scores may be improved by any of four basic methods: (a) coaching (tutoring with problems similar to test items), (b) teaching test wiseness, (c) increasing motivation, and (d) reducing anxiety. Heim and Watts (1957) found that coaching produced a rise in test scores. However, Dyer (1953) determined that coaching on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) had at best a negligible influence on test scores. SAT verbal scores were not raised by coaching; SAT math scores were improved, but only if students happened not to be enrolled in regular math classes. The term test wiseness has usually been defined as a person's ability to use the characteristics of the test or test-taking situation to inflate his test score. Numerous studies have indicated that the teaching of test-taking strategies improves scores on multiple-choi ce examinations (Oakland, 1972; Slakter, Koehler, &
Durkheim's "Heroic Suicide" in Military Combat

Durkheim's neglected concept, heroic suicide, was explored using Congressional Medal of Honor data. All cases meeting the criteria for heroic altruistic suicide in military combat (n=125) were selected for analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative content analysis procedures were used and the usefulness of the combined approach is demonstrated. This research supports Durkheim's claims that altruistic suicide would be higher among non-commissioned officers than commissioned officers, among elite troops than those that display less cohesion, and among those in "leadership roles" than enlisted men. ("leadership role" is a reformulation; Durkheim used an official military rank designation.) Use of citation data enabled an analysis sensitive to the social context of heroic suicide, including some indications of the feelings involved when choosing to sacrifice one's life for another or others.
The Effects of Multiple Specific Items on General Questions: Results From Surveys in Five States

Previous research has demonstrated that responses to survey questions are not sensitive to order effects except when two or more questions are perceived to be related. (Smith,1991). One situation where questions are related is where a general question on a topic either precedes or immediately follows multiple specific items on the same topic. In this article, we examine the effects of multiple specific items on responses to general questions using data from thirteen split-ballot experiments conducted with general populations in Iowa, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon, and Pennsylvania. In each survey, general questions about overall satisfaction with community life, local government services, or the condition of state highways either preceded (GS) or followed (SG) a series of items addressing specific aspects of the same theme. These experiments were conducted as part of a USDA regional project W-183, “Improvement in rural and agricultural sample survey methods. ”
Dysregulation of Neuronal Ca2+ Channel Linked to Heightened Sympathetic Phenotype in Prohypertensive States

Hypertension is associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO)–cyclic nucleotide (CN)-coupled intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis that enhances cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission. Because neuronal membrane Ca2+ currents are reduced by NO-activated S-nitrosylation, we tested whether CNs affect membrane channel conductance directly in neurons isolated from the stellate ganglia of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and their normotensive controls. Using voltage-clamp and cAMP–protein kinase A (PKA) FRET sensors, we hypothesized that impaired CN regulation provides a direct link to abnormal signaling of neuronal calcium channels in the SHR and that targeting cGMP can restore the channel phenotype. We found significantly larger whole-cell Ca2+ currents from diseased neurons that were largely mediated by the N-type Ca2+ channel (Cav2.2). Elevating cGMP restored the SHR Ca2+ current to levels seen in normal neurons that were not affected by cGMP. cGMP also decreased cAMP levels and PKA activity in diseased neurons. In contrast, cAMP–PKA activity was increased in normal neurons, suggesting differential switching in phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. PDE2A inhibition enhanced the Ca2+ current in normal neurons to a conductance similar to that seen in SHR neurons, whereas the inhibitor slightly decreased the current in diseased neurons. Pharmacological evidence supported a switching from cGMP acting via PDE3 in control neurons to PDE2A in SHR neurons in the modulation of the Ca2+ current. Our data suggest that a disturbance in the regulation of PDE-coupled CNs linked to N-type Ca2+ channels is an early hallmark of the prohypertensive phenotype associated with intracellular Ca2+ impairment underpinning sympathetic dysautonomia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Here, we identify dysregulation of cyclic-nucleotide (CN)-linked neuronal Ca2+ channel activity that could provide the trigger for the enhanced sympathetic neurotransmission observed in the prohypertensive state. Furthermore, we provide evidence that increasing cGMP rescues the channel phenotype and restores ion channel activity to levels seen in normal neurons. We also observed CN cross-talk in sympathetic neurons that may be related to a differential switching in phosphodiesterase activity. The presence of these early molecular changes in asymptomatic, prohypertensive animals could facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets with which to modulate intracellular Ca2+. Turning down the gain of sympathetic hyperresponsiveness in cardiovascular disease associated with sympathetic dysautonomia would have significant therapeutic utility.
Symptom severity of osteoarthritis of the knee: a patient-based measure developed in the veterans health study.

BACKGROUND Our objective was to develop a patient-based measure of the severity of osteoarthritis of the knee, focusing on symptomatology, that may be used in conjunction with measures of health-related quality of life in monitoring the health status of outpatients. METHODS We surveyed a random sample of male outpatients at Boston-area Veterans Affairs medical centers who were identified as having osteoarthritis of the knee according to a three-question screen. Structured interviews included 12 items covering five domains of symptoms (global severity, 4 items; pain with activity, 3 items; pain at rest, 2 items; impaired mobility, 2 items; and sensations of crepitus, 1 item), which were derived from clinical texts, consensus statements, and previously developed severity indices. Interviews also included a detailed medical history. Health-related quality of life was measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Health Status Survey (SF-36). Factor analysis and evaluation of multiattribute scales were used to evaluate the structural relationships between and within the five domains of symptoms. RESULTS We identified 415 of the 1770 screened outpatients as having osteoarthritis of the knee. Internal consistencies of the five domains ranged from . 50 to . 72, with substantial convergence between domains. The 12 items comprise a summary index with high internal consistency (alpha = .88). Overall severity, defined as the mean of the 12 items after standardization, was moderately correlated with the SF-36 component summaries: r = -. 48 for physical; r = -. 30 for mental. CONCLUSIONS Our measure provides a reliable index that represents symptomatic severity of osteoarthritis of the knee, which may be useful in comparing patient groups and assessing health outcomes; subscales may help characterize temporal changes, including responses to treatment.
Mental Disorders and Traditional Healing Systems Among the Dogon (Mali, West Africa)

Based on research at the Regional Center of Traditional Medi cine of Bandiagara (Mali), this paper outlines characteristics of the Dogon systems of traditional health care, with particu lar reference to mental disorders. After considering the characteristics of some therapeutic figures (diviners, healers, etc.) and discussing the major nosologic categories inherent in mental disorders, the role of a complementary (semantic, hermeneutic) approach is emphasized together with the need to correlate the use and social significance of nosologic and therapeutic ritual categories with present cultural changes.
Performance Improvement of Model-Predictive Current Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives

Model-predictive current control (MPCC) is widely recognized as a high-performance control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives due to its quick response and simple principle. It uses a cost function to select the best voltage vector minimizing the current error between the reference value and the feedback value. However, as only one voltage vector is applied during one control period, it fails to give satisfactory performance due to the limited voltage vectors, especially in the case of two-level converters. This paper proposes an improved MPCC strategy for PMSM drives, which first estimates the back electromotive force (EMF) based on the past value of stator voltage and currents and then applies the estimated EMF in the stator current prediction. To achieve steady-state performance improvement, a null vector along with the active vector obtained from conventional MPCC is applied during one control period. Two methods are proposed to achieve optimal vector selection and vector duration. The first one requires six predictions and the calculation of current differentiation, while the second one only requires one prediction to obtain the best voltage vector and its optimal duty can be obtained in a very efficient way. The proposed methods are comparatively studied and compared to conventional MPCC and deadbeat control with space vector modulation. Both simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods in achieving good steady-state performance while maintaining quick dynamic response.
CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE OF EXPATRIATE TEACHERS IN A MULTI-CULTURAL EDUCATION SETTING

I would like to express my appreciation and gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Ghada Barsoum for her continuous support and encouragement throughout the thesis planning and development. I would also like to thank her for allowing me to grow as a researcher. Without her supervision, patience, and constant help this thesis would not have been completed. I would also like to thank the committee members, Dr. Hamid Ali and Dr. Shahjahan Bhuiyan for their constructive suggestions, their interest in my study, and for their advice regarding my future research as well as career options. A special thanks goes to Dr. Laila ElBaradie, the Dean of GAPP, for her guidance and support since my first entry to the program till the end. Additionally, a special thanks goes to Dr. Hadia FakhrElDin, the Vice Dean of the faculty of Business, Economics and Political Science at the BUE, for her continuous encouragement and guidance throughout my Masters’ program, and for taking the time to listen and give advice regarding every aspect in my studies, research, work, as well as personal life. Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family and friends for their continuous encouragement and interest in my study. A special thanks goes to my parents and grandparents for their patience, encouragement, and support both emotionally and financially.
Comparison of Corneal Thickness After the Instillation of Topical Anesthetics: Proparacaine Versus Oxybuprocaine

To compare changes in human corneal thickness after the instillation of proparacaine with those after oxybuprocaine instillation with time over a period of 10 minutes. Methods: Eighteen healthy young participants were recruited. Proparacaine was used in the right eye and oxybuprocaine in the left. Right and left baseline corneal thicknesses were measured every 30 seconds for 10 minutes using a noncontact specular microscope by 1 observer. Baseline corneal thickness was defined as the average of all values taken over 10 minutes. Changes in corneal thickness were measured every 20 seconds for 10 minutes after the administration of 1 drop of 0.5% proparacaine onto the right cornea and 1 drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine onto the left cornea. Results: Mean baseline right cornea thickness was 531 ± 45 μm, and that of the left cornea was 531 ± 42 μm. The corneal thickness after proparacaine increased by 8.6 μm (∼4.5-12.6 μm, 95% CI) and then returned to baseline within 80 seconds. Corneal thickness after applying oxybuprocaine increased by 7.7 μm (3.6-11.2 μm, 95% CI) and then returned to baseline within 80 seconds. There was a second transient increase about 5 minutes later after proparacaine instillation but no additional transient increase after oxybuprocaine instillation. Conclusion: Oxybuprocaine is similar to proparacaine in terms of the severity of its effect on corneal thickness. Corneal thickness instability may occur for 5 minutes after proparacaine administration. Changes in corneal thickness after topical anesthetic instillation should be considered when performing measurements for refractive surgery or central corneal thickness in glaucoma patients.
Emotional Aspects of Learning and Teaching: Reviewing the Field- Discussing the Issues

The survey study gives an overview of the international research on emotions in learning and teaching. It addresses various theoretical, contextual, practical, and empirical aspects. In the first part, the paper reflects the core concept of emotions with particular emphasis on academic and achievement emotions. Next, it reviews the impact of emotions on students’ learning and achievement, as well as on the relation between emotions and instructional quality. The final part deals with academic emotions viewed in the context of different school subjects. In general, this introductory paper emphasizes the relevance of emotions for education, especially for learning and teaching in school.
Role of Runx genes in chondrocyte differentiation.

Runx2/Cbfa1 plays a central role in skeletal development as demonstrated by the absence of osteoblasts/bone in mice with inactivated Runx2/Cbfa1 alleles. To further investigate the role of Runx2 in cartilage differentiation and to assess the potential of Runx2 to induce bone formation, we cloned chicken Runx2 and overexpressed it in chick embryos using a retroviral system. Infected chick wings showed multiple phenotypes consisting of (1) joint fusions, (2) expansion of carpal elements, and (3) shortening of skeletal elements. In contrast, bone formation was not affected. To investigate the function of Runx2/Cbfa1 during cartilage development, we have generated transgenic mice that express a dominant negative form of Runx2 in cartilage. The selective inactivation of Runx2 in chondrocytes results in a severe shortening of the limbs due to a disturbance in chondrocyte differentiation, vascular invasion, osteoclast differentiation, and periosteal bone formation. Analysis of the growth plates in transgenic mice and in chick limbs shows that Runx2 is a positive regulator of chondrocyte differentiation and vascular invasion. The results further indicate that Runx2 promotes chondrogenesis either by maintaining or by initiating early chondrocyte differentiation. Furthermore, Runx2 is essential but not sufficient to induce osteoblast differentiation. To analyze the role of runx genes in skeletal development, we performed in situ hybridization with Runx2- and Runx3-specific probes. Both genes were coexpressed in cartilaginous condensations, indicating a cooperative role in the regulation of early chondrocyte differentiation and thus explaining the expansion/maintenance of cartilage in the carpus and joints of infected chick limbs.
Prognostic Value of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Acute Stroke

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting functional recovery of hemiparesis and hemiplegia in acute stroke patients. Methods Twenty-seven acute stroke patients were evaluated clinically and electrophysiologicaUy within the first week and 3 to 6 months after the event. Ginical assessment included a quantitative evaluation of motor ability and activities of daily living. MEPs were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis and tibialis anterior muscles bilaterally. Correlations between clinical parameters and MEPs were assessed. Results In the acute period, no MEP could be detected in 17 of 27 patients. In these 17 patients, the clinical scores were worse than in the patients whose MEPs could be elicited. However, in the follow-up period (3 to 6 months), no significant differences in motor function were observed between the two groups. Conclusions In the acute phase of stroke, neurophysiological parameters were correlated with the clinical findings, but MEPs had no value in predicting the outcome of hemiparesis and hemiplegia.
Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (Nora's lesion): a retrospective study of 12 cases, 2 arising in long bones.

Twelve cases of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP), also known as Nora's lesion, are reported. Ten lesions were located in the small bones of the hands, and 2 were located in long bones (femur and proximal tibia). Patient age ranged from 12 to 63 years (average, 30.3 years). Radiography of the lesions in the hand bones showed calcific masses attached to the underlying cortex, without interruption of the latter. The long bone lesions revealed unusual findings. In the femur, BPOP presented with extensive cortical destruction and was suggestive of a malignant lesion. This presentation has not been described to date. In the tibia, the lesion was located in the soft tissue without cortical attachment. This type of BPOP probably represents an immature lesion that over time will mature to solid cortical attachment. On histologic examination, all lesions demonstrated 3 distinct components with variable degrees of representation: (1) hypercellular cartilage with calcification and ossification, with the calcified cartilage having a characteristic basophilic tinctorial quality; (2) cancellous bone undergoing maturation; and (3) spindle cell stroma without cytologic atypia. In 1 case with a long-standing history, the cartilaginous component was minimal. BPOP, together with florid reactive periostitis and turret exostosis, may represent different stages in the development of a posttraumatic proliferative process. BPOP apparently arises from the periosteal tissues through a process of cartilaginous metaplasia.