Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship and Economic Progress

1. Progress and Entrepreneurship 2. Growth versus Progress 3. Management versus Entrepreneurship 4. Equilibrium versus the Invisible Hand 5. Entrepreneurship and Knowledge 6. The Origins of Entrepreneurial Opportunities 7. Markets, Entrepreneurship and Progress 8. Institutions and Entrepreneurship 9. National Income Accounting and Public Policy 10. The Political Environment and Entrepreneurship 11. Conclusion
A study of the Unna Boot compared with the elastic bandage in venous ulcers: a randomized clinical trial 1

Abstract Objective: to analyze the process of tissue repair in patients with venous ulcers using inelastic compression therapy (the Unna Boot), in comparison with the use of the elastic bandage. Method: a controlled randomized clinical trial in which the patients (n=18) were allocated to two groups, those who used the Unna Boot (group B) and those who used the elastic bandage (group A). The study's follow-up period was 13 weeks. Results: a significant reduction took place, at the level of 5%, in the area, in square centimeters, of the ulcers of group B (p<0.0001) throughout the treatment, and there was a tendency of group A for reduction in the area of the ulcer, in centimeters squared (p=0.06), only after the fifth week. Conclusion: the treatment with the Unna Boot presented better results in venous ulcers with areas over 10cm², and the elastic bandage with Petrolatum(r) gauze in venous ulcers below 10cm². Brazilian Clinical Trials Register: Trial (req: 195) and WHO UTN U1111-1122-5489.
Leveraging Multi-core Computing Architectures in Avionics

Multi-core computer architectures are on the forefront in consumer electronics and adaptation in safety-critical applications such as avionics could be beneficial due to their potential increased performance. Yet, there are challenges to deploy cutting edge multi-core architectures for safety-critical applications. New computing architectures are more integrated and optimized for average cases. On the other side, safety-critical applications need to be designed for the worst case. For example, the impact of integrating critical applications is not fully understood yet, especially with respect to execution times of critical paths. This paper proposes and argues an approach to quantify the impact of integration of multiple independent applications onto multi-core platforms and evaluates the approach on a specific potential future avionics computing platform. Evaluation results focusing on execution estimates show that multi-core computers may be used for safety-critical applications, but the worst-case execution time (WCET) can be multiple times slower than the same application running on a single core without other cores running interfering applications. The actual factor is very dependent on the application's use of shared resources like memory.
A Panel Study of Motivations, Information Processing, and Learning During Campaign 2000

This two-wave national panel study was designed to test the causal claims of the “cognitive mediation model. ” The data indicate strong support for the following causal relationships predicted by the model: (a) surveillance motivations influence information processing, (b) information processing influences knowledge, and (c) motivations influence knowledge only indirectly through information processing. However, additional analyses demonstrated that these variables are not related in a simple unidirectional causal pattern. Instead, panel analyses found that most of these relationships are mutually causal. Future research should consider the reciprocal nature of relationships between information processing and knowledge, particularly as it relates to the study of the knowledge gap hypothesis.
SWEDEN AND THE GLOBAL BANKING SYSTEM: LINKS AND VULNERABILITIES

The links of both Swedish borrowers and Swedish banks with the global banking system are important but different in nature. While Swedish borrowers draw from a relatively large number of creditors, Swedish banks lend predominantly to Nordic and, to a smaller degree, Baltic borrowers. An important implication is that events triggering (large enough) credit losses in these key markets would come with significant pressures to deleverage and reduce lending in Sweden, with potentially severe real economic repercussions. At the same time, good policies that secure the soundness of Swedish international banking groups will benefit borrowers not only in Sweden but across the region.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Middle-Aged Adults in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria

The thrust of the study was to determine the prevalence and the risk factors of hypertension among middle - aged persons in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area, Imo S tate. A total of 200 subjects aged 40-60 years were selected and used for the study. Anthropometric measurements (weight and height) were taken. Body Mass Index (BMI) of the subjects was also calculated. The blood pressure measurements of the subjects were also collected using a sphygmomanometer and then classified using standard methods. A structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on the socio-economic characteristics, personal data and risk factors associated with hypertension among the subjects. The S tatistical Package for social sciences was used for data analyses. The prevalence of hypertension (32.5%) was found among the subjects with a higher proportion in female subjects (20.0%) than males (12.5%). A quarter of the subjects (25.0%) were either overweight or obese. Less than half (30.0%) of the subje cts had a frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages and 23.0% had a frequent intake of salty foods. These were all implicated as the risk factors of high blood pressure. There is need for preventive strategies on hypertension control and enlightening the public on the risk factors of hypertension especially high BMI and wrong eating habit and lifestyle should be encouraged
Intrarectal Vaccination with Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Expressing Carcinoembronic Antigen Induces Mucosal and Systemic Immunity and Prevents Progression of Colorectal Cancer1

The gastrointestinal mucosa contains an intact immune system that protects the host from pathogens and communicates with the systemic immune system. Absorptive epithelial cells in the mucosa give rise to malignant tumors although the interaction between tumor cells and the mucosal immune system is not well defined. The pathophysiology of colorectal cancer has been elucidated through studies of hereditary syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis, a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor gene. Patients with FAP develop adenomas and inevitably progress to invasive carcinomas by the age of 40. To better delineate the role of mucosal immunity in colorectal cancer, we evaluated the efficacy of intrarectal recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the human carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA) in a murine FAP model in which mice are predisposed to colorectal cancer and also express human CEA in the gut. Mucosal vaccination reduced the incidence of spontaneous adenomas and completely prevented progression to invasive carcinoma. The therapeutic effects were associated with induction of mucosal CEA-specific IgA Ab titers and CD8+ CTLs. Mucosal vaccination was also associated with an increase in systemic CEA-specific IgG Ab titers, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and resulted in growth inhibition of s.c. implanted CEA-expressing tumors suggesting communication between mucosal and systemic immune compartments. Thus, intrarectal vaccination induces mucosal and systemic antitumor immunity and prevents progression of spontaneous colorectal cancer. These results have implications for the prevention of colorectal cancer in high-risk individuals.
Maternal Height and Preterm Birth: A Study on 192,432 Swedish Women

Background There is increasing evidence that lower maternal stature is associated with shorter gestational length in the offspring. We examined the association between maternal height and the likelihood of delivering preterm babies in a large and homogeneous cohort of Swedish women. Methods This study covers antenatal data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register on 192,432 women (aged 26.0 years on average) born at term, from singleton pregnancies, and of Nordic ethnicity. Continuous associations between women's heights and the likelihood of preterm birth in the offspring were evaluated. Stratified analyses were also carried out, separating women into different height categories. Results Every cm decrease in maternal stature was associated with 0.2 days shortening of gestational age in the offspring (p<0.0001) and increasing odds of having a child born preterm (OR 1.03), very preterm (OR 1.03), or extremely preterm (OR 1.04). Besides, odds of all categories of preterm birth were highest among the shortest women but lowest among the tallest mothers. Specifically, women of short stature (≤155 cm or ≤-2.0 SDS below the population mean) had greater odds of having preterm (OR 1.65) or very preterm (OR 1.47) infants than women of average stature (-0.5 to 0.5 SDS). When compared to women of tall stature (≥179 cm), mothers of short stature had even greater odds of giving birth to preterm (OR 2.07) or very preterm (OR 2.16) infants. Conclusions Among Swedish women, decreasing height was associated with a progressive increase in the odds of having an infant born preterm. Maternal short stature is a likely contributing factor to idiopathic preterm births worldwide, possibly due to maternal anatomical constraints.
Kinematic model of active deformation in central Asia

The velocity field of present‐day deformation in Central Asia is modelled using a set of four rotating blocks (Siberia, Tarim, Tibet, India) on a spherical earth. A best‐fit is inverted on the basis of estimated shortening‐rates across the main thrust zones (Himalayas, Tien Shan) and measured slip‐rates along the principal strike‐slip faults (Altyn Tagh and Karakorum) separating those blocks. The fit to the data implies that nearly all the present convergence between India and Asia can be accounted for by slip‐partitioning on these four zones, with as much as 50% absorbed by northeastwards extrusion of Tibet. This suggests that localised deformation governs the present mechanical behaviour of the Central Asian lithosphere.
Career management strategies of part-time lecturers in Humanities

v Chapter 1: Introduction and background 1 1.1 Statement of purpose 1 1.2 Research question 2 1.3 Rationale for this study 3 1.4 Significance of the research 5 1.5 Case study: Background 6 1.6 Chapter preview 10 Chapter 2: Literature review 13 2.
Evaluation of GOME satellite measurements of tropospheric NO2 and HCHO using regional data from aircraft campaigns in the southeastern United States

[1] We compare tropospheric measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) satellite instrument with in situ measurements over eastern Texas and the southeast United States. On average, the GOME and in situ measurements of tropospheric NO2 and HCHO columns are consistent despite pronounced sampling differences. The geometric mean in situ to GOME ratios over the campaign are 1.08 for NO2 and 0.84 for HCHO, with corresponding geometric standard deviations of 1.27 and 1.38. The correlation of the observed column spatial variability between the two NO2 measurement sets is encouraging before (r 2 = 0.54, n = 18) and after (r 2 = 0.67, n = 18) correcting for a sampling bias. Mean relative vertical profiles of HCHO and NO2 calculated with a global three-dimensional model (GEOS-CHEM) and used in the GOME retrieval are highly consistent with in situ measurements; differences would affect the retrieved NO2 and HCHO columns by a few percent. GOME HCHO columns over eastern Texas include contributions from anthropogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions but are dominated by biogenic VOC emissions at the regional scale in August–September when HCHO columns are within 20% of those over the southeastern United States. In situ measurements show that during summer the lowest 1500 m (the lower mixed layer) contains 75% of the tropospheric NO2 column over Houston and Nashville, and 60% of the HCHO column over Houston. Future validation of space-based measurements of tropospheric NO2 and HCHO columns over polluted regions should include coincident in situ measurements that span the entire satellite footprint, especially in the heterogeneous mixed layer. INDEX TERMS: 0315 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Biosphere/atmosphere interactions; 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks; 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution—urban and regional (0305); 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere— composition and chemistry; 0394 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Instruments and techniques;
Two Conjugate-Gradient-Type Methods for Unsymmetric Linear Equations

We propose two new conjugate-gradient-type methods for the solution of sparse unsymmetric linear systems. We present a new tridiagonalization process for unsymmetric matrices that is closely related to the Lanczos process. We use orthogonal factorizations of the tridiagonal matrix to derive the new algorithms USYMLQ and USYMQR in the same fashion as SYMMLQ and MINRES [C. C. Paige and M. A. Saunders, “Solution of sparse indefinite systems of linear equations,” SIAM J. Numer. Anal. , 12 (1975), pp. 617–629], for symmetric matrices. Some numerical results for the new methods and comparisons with other methods are presented.
Sensation‐to‐cognition cortical streams in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

We sought to determine whether functional connectivity streams that link sensory, attentional, and higher‐order cognitive circuits are atypical in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We applied a graph‐theory method to the resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 120 children with ADHD and 120 age‐matched typically developing children (TDC). Starting in unimodal primary cortex—visual, auditory, and somatosensory—we used stepwise functional connectivity to calculate functional connectivity paths at discrete numbers of relay stations (or link‐step distances). First, we characterized the functional connectivity streams that link sensory, attentional, and higher‐order cognitive circuits in TDC and found that systems do not reach the level of integration achieved by adults. Second, we searched for stepwise functional connectivity differences between children with ADHD and TDC. We found that, at the initial steps of sensory functional connectivity streams, patients display significant enhancements of connectivity degree within neighboring areas of primary cortex, while connectivity to attention‐regulatory areas is reduced. Third, at subsequent link‐step distances from primary sensory cortex, children with ADHD show decreased connectivity to executive processing areas and increased degree of connections to default mode regions. Fourth, in examining medication histories in children with ADHD, we found that children medicated with psychostimulants present functional connectivity streams with higher degree of connectivity to regions subserving attentional and executive processes compared to medication‐naïve children. We conclude that predominance of local sensory processing and lesser influx of information to attentional and executive regions may reduce the ability to organize and control the balance between external and internal sources of information in ADHD. Hum Brain Mapp 36:2544–2557, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BOLOMETRIC LIGHT CURVES FOR 33 TYPE II PLATEAU SUPERNOVAE

Using data of three well observed Type II plateau supernovae (SNe II-P), SNe 1987A, 1999em, and 2003hn, and two atmosphere models by Eastman et al. and Dessart & Hillier, we derive calibrations for bolometric corrections and effective temperature from BVI photometry. The typical scatter of the bolometric correction is 0.11 mag. With these results we obtain bolometric light curves and effective temperature evolution for a sample of 33 SNe II-P. The SN sample shows a range of 1 dex in plateau luminosity and plateau durations from 75 to 120 days. Comparing the shape of the transition between the plateau and the radioactive tail, we find that the size of the drop is in the range of 0.8–1.12 dex.
Variations in porphobilinogen and 5-aminolevulinic acid concentrations in plasma and urine from asymptomatic carriers of the acute intermittent porphyria gene with increased porphyrin precursor excretion.

BACKGROUND The heme precursors porphobilinogen (PBG) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) accumulate during overt crises of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), and high excretion of these metabolites often continues in the asymptomatic phase. METHODS We measured concentrations of PBG and ALA and investigated the correlation between these metabolites in plasma and urine in 10 asymptomatic AIP carriers with high excretion and in 5 healthy individuals. We quantified plasma concentrations with an HPLC-mass spectrometric method and urine concentrations with ion-exchange chromatography. RESULTS The mean (SD) plasma concentrations of PBG and ALA in the AIP carriers were 3.1 (1.0) and 1.7 (0.7) micromol/L, respectively. The mean 8-h urinary excretion amounts of PBG and ALA in the AIP carriers were 102 (25) and 56 (18) micromol, respectively, whereas the corresponding values for healthy individuals were 2.9 (0.7) and 9.3 (1.2) micromol. The correlations between PBG and ALA values in plasma and urine of the AIP carriers were 0.678 and 0.856, respectively. The mean PBG/ALA ratio was approximately 2.0 in both plasma and urine for the AIP carriers and 0.3 in urine for the healthy individuals. The renal clearance rates for PBG and ALA were 71 (15) and 70 (13) mL/min, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The described HPLC-mass spectrometric method enabled characterization of variations in plasma PBG and ALA in AIP carriers during an 8-h period. The renal clearances were similar for both metabolites. This method could be used to monitor AIP patients during treatment.
Achievement Prediction : Role of Interest in Learning and Attitude towards School

Multiple prediction design was applied to ascertain the magnitude of relationship and prediction that students‟ interest in learning and attitude to school individually and collectively have on their academic achievement. A stratified random sample of 518 was drawn with the aid of table of random numbers from the 14459 students who enrolled for the 2013 May/June Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (SSCE) in Bayelsa State. Multiple regression statistical technique was used for analysis with SPSS to test tenability of each postulated null hypothesis at 0.05 alpha. Results showed significant correlation and multiple prediction of students‟ academic achievement with the predictor variables; accounting for 21.60% of the variance in students‟ academic performance. Thus, improvement of students‟ interest in learning and attitude to school could contribute in boosting their performance academically.
Institute for Mathematical Physics on the Evolution Equations for Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics in Curved Spacetime on the Evolution Equations for Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics in Curved Spacetime

We examine the problem of the construction of a first order symmetric hyperbolic evolution system for the Einstein-Maxwell-Euler system. Our analysis is based on a 1 + 3 tetrad formalism which makes use of the components of the Weyl tensor as one of the unknowns. In order to ensure the symmetric hyperbolicity of the evolution equations implied by the Bianchi identity, we introduce a tensor of rank 3 corresponding to the covariant derivative of the Faraday tensor. Our analysis includes the case of a perfect fluid with infinite conductivity (ideal magnetohydrodynamics) as a particular subcase.
Noninvasive Neural Prostheses Using Mobile and Wireless EEG

Neural prosthetic technologies have helped many patients by restoring vision, hearing, or movement and relieving chronic pain or neurological disorders. While most neural prosthetic systems to date have used invasive or implantable devices for patients with inoperative or malfunctioning external body parts or internal organs, a much larger population of ldquohealthyrdquo people who suffer episodic or progressive cognitive impairments in daily life can benefit from noninvasive neural prostheses. For example, reduced alertness, lack of attention, or poor decision-making during monotonous, routine tasks can have catastrophic consequences. This study proposes a noninvasive mobile prosthetic platform for continuously monitoring high-temporal resolution brain dynamics without requiring application of conductive gels on the scalp. The proposed system features dry microelectromechanical system electroencephalography sensors, low-power signal acquisition, amplification and digitization, wireless telemetry, online artifact cancellation, and signal processing. Its implications for neural prostheses are examined in two sample studies: 1) cognitive-state monitoring of participants performing realistic driving tasks in the virtual-reality-based dynamic driving simulator and 2) the neural correlates of motion sickness in driving. The experimental results of these studies provide new insights into the understanding of complex brain functions of participants actively performing ordinary tasks in natural body positions and situations within real operational environments.
Rendimientos accionarios en Shenzhen, China: en la búsqueda del mejor modelo de predicción

This paper focuses on the analysis of forecasting models of financial returns. Particularly, the Capm Model, Reward Beta Model and the Three-factors Model of Fama & French are studied. Through this analysis, the aim is to determine what Model explains better the outcomes of the returns of the China’s Shenzhen Stock Exchange. Tests are performed under the portfolio formation procedure, following the methodology of Fama & French (1992, 1995, 1996), and the two-step regression used by Fama & MacBeth (1973), adapted in the devolving of the Beta Reward Model (Bornholt, 2007). After the analysis, it is concluded that the best forecasting Model of returns for the Shenzhen Stock Exchange is Three-factors Model of Fama & French.
Outcome Measurement in Economic Evaluations of Public Health Interventions: a Role for the Capability Approach?

Public health interventions have received increased attention from policy makers, and there has been a corresponding increase in the number of economic evaluations within the domain of public health. However, methods to evaluate public health interventions are less well established than those for medical interventions. Focusing on health as an outcome measure is likely to underestimate the impact of many public health interventions. This paper provides a review of outcome measures in public health; and describes the benefits of using the capability approach as a means to developing an all encompassing outcome measure.