Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How national context moderates the impact of family-supportive supervisory behavior on job performance and turnover intentions

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to examine how national context moderates the impact of family supportive supervisory behavior (FSSB) on employee’s job performance and turnover intentions. The authors consider direct and indirect (through work–family positive spillover) effects of FSSB. Our model is based on conservation of resources (COR) theory and boundary theory. The authors conceptualize national context as contributing resources to or threatening with loss of resources for individuals. To test the model, the authors use data from three Latin American countries – Brazil, Chile and Ecuador. Design/methodology/approach – This is a cross-sectional study based on a survey of almost 988 individuals. The authors first test the direct and indirect effects (via bi-directional positive spillover) of FSBB on performance and turnover intentions without considering the moderating effects of national context (mediation analysis). Then, the authors test the effect of national context in our baseline model .
Temperature Dependent Remanence Loops of Ion-Milled Bit Patterned Media

Magnetic multilayered thin films with perpendicular anisotropy have been patterned into nanoscale islands by ion-milling with an oxygen-plasma patterned carbon hard mask. The islands have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM) to determine the switching field distribution and its origin. Larger islands exhibit coercivities of ~ 450 kA/m (5.6 kOe), but coercivity falls rapidly when island diameter falls below 40 nm. The switching field distribution becomes larger in absolute terms and as a fraction of the coercivity as island diameter falls. The origin of these effects is thought to be edge damage during ion milling and intrinsic defects (grain boundaries or dislocations) in the original magnetic thin film.
A twin study of sleep duration and body mass index.

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the relative importance of genetic and environmental contributions to the association between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI). METHODS Twins from the University of Washington Twin Registry, a community-based sample of U.S. twins, provided self-reported height and weight for BMI calculation and habitual sleep duration. A generalized estimating equation model evaluated the overall and within twin pair effects of sleep duration on BMI with and without stratification by twin zygosity. A structural equation model was used to assess genetic and non-genetic contributions to BMI and sleep duration. RESULTS The study sample included 1,224 twins comprised of 423 monozygotic, 143 dizygotic, and 46 indeterminate pairs. The mean age was 36.9 years; 69% were female. A multivariate adjusted analysis of all twins revealed an elevated mean BMI (26.0 kg/m2) in short sleeping twins (< 7 h/night) compared to twins sleeping 7-8.9 h/night (BMI 24.8 kg/m2; p < 0.01). The within-twin pair analysis revealed similar results, with the short sleeping twins having a mean BMI of 25.8 kg/ m2 compared to 24.9 kg/m2 for the 7-8.9 h/night sleep duration group (p = 0.02). When restricted to monozygotic twins, the within-twin pair analysis continued to reveal an elevated BMI in the short sleeping twins (25.7 kg/m2) compared to the 7-8.9 h/night reference group (24.7 kg/m2; p = 0.02). No differences in mean BMI were observed between the 7-8.9 h/night reference group twins and longer sleeping twins (> or = 9 h/night) in the analysis of all twins, the overall within-twin pair analysis, or the within-twin pair analysis stratified by zygosity. The heritability of sleep duration was 0.31 (p = 0.08) and BMI 0.76 (p < 0.01). Bivariate genetic analysis revealed little evidence of shared genetics between sleep duration and BMI (p = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS Short sleep was associated with elevated BMI following careful adjustment for genetics and shared environment. These findings point toward an environmental cause of the relationship between sleep duration and BMI.
Systems Biology Analysis of Temporal In vivo Brucella melitensis and Bovine Transcriptomes Predicts host:Pathogen Protein–Protein Interactions

To date, fewer than 200 gene-products have been identified as Brucella virulence factors, and most were characterized individually without considering how they are temporally and coordinately expressed or secreted during the infection process. Here, we describe and analyze the in vivo temporal transcriptional profile of Brucella melitensis during the initial 4 h interaction with cattle. Pathway analysis revealed an activation of the “Two component system” providing evidence that the in vivo Brucella sense and actively regulate their metabolism through the transition to an intracellular lifestyle. Contrarily, other Brucella pathways involved in virulence such as “ABC transporters” and “T4SS system” were repressed suggesting a silencing strategy to avoid stimulation of the host innate immune response very early in the infection process. Also, three flagellum-encoded loci (BMEII0150-0168, BMEII1080-1089, and BMEII1105-1114), the “flagellar assembly” pathway and the cell components “bacterial-type flagellum hook” and “bacterial-type flagellum” were repressed in the tissue-associated B. melitensis, while RopE1 sigma factor, a flagellar repressor, was activated throughout the experiment. These results support the idea that Brucella employ a stealthy strategy at the onset of the infection of susceptible hosts. Further, through systems-level in silico host:pathogen protein–protein interactions simulation and correlation of pathogen gene expression with the host gene perturbations, we identified unanticipated interactions such as VirB11::MAPK8IP1; BtaE::NFKBIA, and 22 kDa OMP precursor::BAD and MAP2K3. These findings are suggestive of new virulence factors and mechanisms responsible for Brucella evasion of the host's protective immune response and the capability to maintain a dormant state. The predicted protein–protein interactions and the points of disruption provide novel insights that will stimulate advanced hypothesis-driven approaches toward revealing a clearer understanding of new virulence factors and mechanisms influencing the pathogenesis of brucellosis.
The singularity structureοf the Yang-Mills configuration space

The geometric description of Yang–Mills theories and their configuration space M is reviewed. The presence of singularities inM is explained and some of their properties are described. The singularity structure is analysed in detail for structure group SU(2). This review is based on [28]. 1. Yang–Mills theory and geometry. Even more than forty years after the seminal paper of Yang and Mills on ‘isotopic gauge invariance’ [48], a complete characterization of those Yang–Mills theories that are relevant to particle physics is still lacking. Some uncertainties are in fact already present at the classical level; they include e.g. the specific choice of space-time manifold and the proper treatment of ‘constant’ gauge transformations. I will discuss some of these subtleties in Section 8. For the moment, however, let me stick to one specific formulation of Yang–Mills theory, which is based on the geometric picture of gauge symmetries. In short, from a geometric point of view Yang–Mills theory is essentially the theory of connections on some principal fibre bundle. I will describe this approach in some detail, and then proceed to investigate its consequences for the structure of the configuration space. Let me start by recalling that a principal fibre bundle P is a fibre bundle with total space P and base spaceM , together with the structure group G, a Lie group of dimension dimG = dimP − dimM , which satisfies the following properties. There is an action μ : P × G → P , μ(p, γ) ≡ pγ, of G on P which is smooth and free and is transitive on the fibres Gx ≡ π−1({x}) ∼= G, x ∈ M , and the representation of G on the fibres is isomorphic to the representation of G on itself that is given by right multiplication. An automorphism of a principal bundle P consists of a diffeomorphism f : P → P and an ∗ Present address: DESY, Notkestrase 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: 17B81, 22E65, 58B25, 58Z05. The paper is in final form and no version of it will be published elsewhere.
Dysplasia and carcinoma development in a repeated dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis model

Background: As an important mechanism underlying the increased risk of colorectal carcinoma development in patients with long‐standing ulcerative colitis, promotion as a result of the regenerative process has been proposed. In the present study, a dysplasia‐carcinoma sequence in a novel repeated colitis model in mice is documented.
Abnormalities of language pathways in schizophrenia patients with and without a lifetime history of auditory verbal hallucinations: A DTI-based tractography study

Abstract Objectives: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and could be the result of white matter (WM) fibre abnormalities involved in speech production/comprehension and perception. We evaluated WM integrity changes in SZ with (SZ+) and without (SZ–) lifetime AVHs compared to healthy controls (HCs), using diffusion tensor imaging-based tractography, with a novel focus on the structural connectivity within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi. Methods: The study included 27 SZ+, 12 SZ– and 34 HCs. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean and radial diffusivities (MD and RD) were extracted in each participant in two left interhemispheric fasciculi and in the interhemispheric auditory pathway (IAP) to test integrity differences among groups. Results: SZ– and SZ + compared to HCs presented increased diffusivities and/or decreased FA in the interhemispheric fasciculi. Decreased FA was significant only between SZ + and HCs for the IAP. Conclusions: In this first comparison of integrity changes within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi, abnormalities in the intrahemispheric fasciculi were observed in both SZ– and SZ+, but an alteration in the IAP was seen only in SZ+. These results suggest that the IAP may be more involved in patients with AVHs-proneness.
Simulation based optimization: Applications in healthcare

Increasing healthcare costs are driving the need for optimizing care delivery processes. Due to the complexity associated with healthcare processes, discrete event simulation is the most popularly used decision support tool in assessing trade-offs between multiple objectives of healthcare systems. However in situations where there is little or no structure to input constraints, it can be very difficult to evaluate all alternative configurations. Simulation based optimization is a technique used to efficiently find solutions to problems that have a large number of possible scenarios. In this method a simulation model is used to develop an approximate mathematical model that represents the surface of the results over a range of input values. This is then solved using linear programming or integer programming or other advanced optimization heuristics. In this paper, we discuss the methodology and applications of simulation based optimization, highlighting advantages, challenges and opportunities of using this method in healthcare.
Use of allele scores as instrumental variables for Mendelian randomization

Background An allele score is a single variable summarizing multiple genetic variants associated with a risk factor. It is calculated as the total number of risk factor-increasing alleles for an individual (unweighted score), or the sum of weights for each allele corresponding to estimated genetic effect sizes (weighted score). An allele score can be used in a Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the causal effect of the risk factor on an outcome. Methods Data were simulated to investigate the use of allele scores in Mendelian randomization where conventional instrumental variable techniques using multiple genetic variants demonstrate ‘weak instrument’ bias. The robustness of estimates using the allele score to misspecification (for example non-linearity, effect modification) and to violations of the instrumental variable assumptions was assessed. Results Causal estimates using a correctly specified allele score were unbiased with appropriate coverage levels. The estimates were generally robust to misspecification of the allele score, but not to instrumental variable violations, even if the majority of variants in the allele score were valid instruments. Using a weighted rather than an unweighted allele score increased power, but the increase was small when genetic variants had similar effect sizes. Naive use of the data under analysis to choose which variants to include in an allele score, or for deriving weights, resulted in substantial biases. Conclusions Allele scores enable valid causal estimates with large numbers of genetic variants. The stringency of criteria for genetic variants in Mendelian randomization should be maintained for all variants in an allele score.
Trends in Turkish Mathematics Education Research: From 1998 to 2007.

Bu cal man n amac , Matematik E itiminde Turkiye’de tamamlanan yuksek lisans ve doktora cal malar ndakiilimi belirlemektir. Bu amac do rultusunda YOK’deki Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Proquest veri taban ve Universitelerinkutuphaneleri taranarak toplam 284 yuksek lisans ve doktora tezi incelenmi tir. Dokuman analizi sonucunda aramatematik o retimi olan tez sayuzerine yap lan tezlerin sayedilen arabelirlenmi tir. Ara
Improving Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Self-Guided Internet Treatment for Anxiety and Depression: A 12-Month Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Trial

Background A recent paper reported the outcomes of a study examining a new self-guided internet-delivered treatment, the Wellbeing Course, for symptoms of anxiety or depression. This study found the intervention resulted in significant symptom reductions. It also found that automated emails increased treatment completion and clinical improvements in a subsample with elevated anxiety and depression. Aims To examine the clinical outcomes and the effect of automated emails at 12 months post-treatment. Method Participants, who were randomly allocated to a Treatment Plus Automated Emails Group (TEG; n = 100), a standard Treatment Group (TG; n = 106) or delayed-treatment Waitlist Control Group (Control; n = 51), were followed up at 12 months post-treatment. Eighty-one percent, 78% and 87% of participants in the TEG, TG and treated Waitlist Control Group provided symptom data at 12-month follow-up, respectively. The primary outcome measures were the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item Scale (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Item Scale (GAD-7). Results Significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed over time in both the TEG and TG (Fs >69, ps <.001) these were sustained from post-treatment to 12-month follow-up (ps >.05), and were associated with large effect sizes. No statistically significant differences in symptoms were found between the TEG and TG at post-treatment, 3-month or 12-month follow-up. Previously reported symptom differences between TEG and TG participants with comorbid symptoms were no longer present at 12-month follow-up (ps >.70). Conclusions The overall benefits of the Wellbeing Course were sustained at 12-month follow-up. Although automated emails facilitated Course completion and reductions in symptoms for participants with comorbid anxiety and depression from pre-post treatment, these differences were no longer observed at 12-month follow-up. The results indicate that automated emails promote more rapid treatment response for people with elevated and comorbid symptoms, but may not improve longer term outcomes. Trial Registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12610001058066
High herbivore pressure favors constitutive over induced defense

Abstract Theoretical and empirical studies show that, when past or current herbivory is a reliable cue of future attack and defenses are costly, defenses can be induced only when needed and thereby permit investment in other functions such as growth or reproduction. Theory also states that, in environments where herbivory is constantly high, constitutive defenses should be favored. Here, we present data to support the second aspect of the induced resistance hypothesis. We examined herbivore‐induced responses for four species of Inga (Fabaceae), a common canopy tree in Neotropical forests. We quantified chemical defenses of expanding leaves, including phenolic, saponin and toxic amino acids, in experimental field treatments with and without caterpillars. Because young leaves lack fiber and are higher in protein than mature leaves, they typically lose >25% of their leaf area during the few weeks of expansion. We predicted that the high rates of attack would select for investment in constitutive defenses over induction. Our data show that chemical defenses were quite unresponsive to herbivory. We demonstrated that expanding leaves showed no or only small increases in investment in secondary metabolites, and no qualitative changes in the phenolic compound profile in response to herbivory. The proteinogenic amino acid tyrosine, which can be toxic at high concentrations, showed the greatest levels of induction. Synthesis: These results provide some of the first support for theoretical predictions that the evolution of induced vs. constitutive defenses depends on the risk of herbivory. In habitats with constant and high potential losses to herbivores, such as tropical rainforests, high investments in constitutive defenses are favored over induction.
Management of Benzodiazepine Dependence and Toxicity

Article history: Received on: 06/05/2013 Revised on: 25/05/2013 Accepted on: 09/06/2013 Available online: 27/06/2013 The key target of this review is to compare the efficacies of the different adjuncts and methods used in the management of benzodiazepine dependence (tolerance and withdrawal) and poisoning. A systemic review of randomized controlled trials was carried out to determine which method of adjuvant therapy can be best used to overcome the withdrawal symptoms exhibited during benzodiazepine discontinuation. In addition, different tapering methods employed have also been presented in this review. Zolpidem in combination with cognitive behavioural therapy with a parallel gradual taper after conversion to long half-life Benzodiazepine seems to be a promising method among the several analysed. Finally the efficacies of the two available methods to combat benzodiazepine toxicity, namely flumazenil and naloxone have been discussed and compared.
The Little Blue Book: The Essential Guide to Thinking and Talking Democratic

Preface: Real reason, the unconscious kind, uses a logic very different from that typically taught in departments of political science, economics, law, and public policy Democrats, frequently trained in those fields, have not commonly been taught the mechanisms of real thought—the neural processes that characterize phenomena such as cognitive frames and conceptual metaphors. Especially in politics, these can vary considerably between conservatives and progressives, who differ in their values and their mode of reason. They have been taught, and still believe, that people are at all times consciously aware of what they think and that words are defined directly in terms of the world. They commonly believe that everyone reasons the same way and that if they just tell people the facts, most people will reason to the right conclusion. But since this is scientifically false, it keeps not happening.
A Virtual Machine Generator for Heterogeneous Smart Spaces

Heterogenous smart spaces are networks of communicating, embedded resources and general-purpose computers that have a wide spread of power and capabilities. Devices can range from having less than a kilobyte of RAM to many megabytes. Virtual machine techniques can be used to control some of the inherent complexity of a heterogeneous smart space by providing a common runtime environment. However, a suitably rich, single virtual machine implementation is unlikely to be able to operate in all environments. By using a virtual machine generator and allowing virtual machines to be subsetted, it is possible to provide numerous virtual machines, each tailored to the capabilities of a class of resources.
Apoprotein B, Small‐Dense LDL and Impaired HDL Remodeling Is Associated With Larger Plaque Burden and More Noncalcified Plaque as Assessed by Coronary CT Angiography and Intravascular Ultrasound With Radiofrequency Backscatter: Results From the ATLANTA I Study

Background Apoprotein B–containing lipoproteins are atherogenic, but atheroprotective functions of apoprotein A–containing high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are poorly understood. The association between lipoproteins and plaque components by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and intravascular ultrasound with radiofrequency backscatter (IVUS/VH) has not been evaluated. Methods and Results Quantitative, 3‐dimensional plaque measurements were performed in 60 patients with CTA and IVUS/VH. Apoproteins, lipids, and HDL subpopulations were measured with 2‐dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, and correlation was assessed with univariate and multivariable models. ApoB particles were associated with a higher proportion of noncalcified plaque (NCP) and a lower proportion of calcified plaque (small, dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density NCP: r=0.3, P=0.03; triglycerides and low‐density NCP: r=0.34, P=0.01). Smaller, dense, lipid‐poor HDL particles were associated with a shift from calcified plaque to NCP on CTA (α3‐HDL% and low‐density NCP: r=0.32, P=0.02) and with larger plaque volume on IVUS/VH (α4‐HDL%: r=0.41, P=0.01; α3‐HDL%: r=0.37, P=0.03), because of larger dense calcium (α4‐HDL%: r=0.37, P=0.03), larger fibrous tissue (α4‐HDL%: r=0.34, P=0.04), and larger necrotic core (α4‐HDL%: r=0.46, P<0.01; α3‐HDL%: r=0.37, P=0.03). Larger lipid‐rich HDL particles were associated with less low‐density NCP on CTA (α2‐HDL%: r=−0.34, P=0.02; α1‐HDL%: r=−0.28, P=0.05), with smaller plaque volume on IVUS/VH (pre‐α2‐HDL: r=−0.33, P=0.05; α1‐HDL%: r=−0.41, P=0.01; pre‐α2‐HDL: r=−0.33, P=0.05) and with less necrotic core (α1‐HDL: r=−0.42, P<0.01; pre‐α2‐HDL: r=−0.38, P=0.02; α2‐HDL: r=−0.35, P=0.03; pre‐α1‐HDL: r=−0.34, P=0.04). Pre‐β2‐HDL was associated with less calcification and less stenosis by both modalities. Conclusions ApoB and small HDL particles are associated with larger plaque burden and more noncalcified plaque, whereas larger HDL and pre‐β2‐HDL particles are associated with plaque burden and less noncalcified plaque by both CTA and IVUS/VH.
CNNpack: Packing Convolutional Neural Networks in the Frequency Domain

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are successfully used in a number of applications. However, their storage and computational requirements have largely prevented their widespread use on mobile devices. Here we present an effective CNN compression approach in the frequency domain, which focuses not only on smaller weights but on all the weights and their underlying connections. By treating convolutional filters as images, we decompose their representations in the frequency domain as common parts (i.e., cluster centers) shared by other similar filters and their individual private parts (i.e., individual residuals). A large number of low-energy frequency coefficients in both parts can be discarded to produce high compression without significantly compromising accuracy. We relax the computational burden of convolution operations in CNNs by linearly combining the convolution responses of discrete cosine transform (DCT) bases. The compression and speed-up ratios of the proposed algorithm are thoroughly analyzed and evaluated on benchmark image datasets to demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art methods.