Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The star formation histories of galaxies in the sloan digital sky survey

We present the results of a MOPED analysis of ∼3 × 10 5 galaxy spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 3 (SDSS DR3), with a number of improvements in data, modelling and analysis compared with our previous analysis of DR1. The improvements include: modelling the galaxies with theoretical models at a higher spectral resolution of 3 A, better calibrated data, an extended list of excluded emission lines and a wider range of dust models. We present new estimates of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR), the evolution of stellar mass density and the stellar mass function from the fossil record. In contrast to our earlier work the results show no conclusive peak in the SFR out to a redshift around 2 but continue to show conclusive evidence for ‘downsizing’ in the SDSS fossil record. The star formation history is now in good agreement with more traditional instantaneous measures. The galaxy stellar mass function is determined over five decades of mass, and an updated estimate of the current stellar mass density is presented. We also investigate the systematic effects of changes in the stellar population modelling, the spectral resolution, dust modelling, sky lines, spectral resolution and the change of data set. We find that the main changes in the results are due to the improvements in the calibration of the SDSS data, changes in the initial mass function and the theoretical models
Department of Economics Working Paper University of Massachusetts Amherst Inequality of Income and Wealth in the Long Run: a Kaldorian Perspective Inequality of Income and Wealth in the Long Run: a Kaldorian Perspective

The paper examines the determinants of income and wealth inequality in a Kaldorian model where the profit share adjusts to clear the goods market and the long-run output-capital ratio is constant. The approach is radically different from both the mainstream approach that stresses properties of production function and the Kaleckian approach that emphasizes the long-run adjustment of utilization. The Kaldorian model is used to identify several developments that may have caused increasing inequality in income and wealth since the early 1980s, including the shift of the power relation in corporate firms in favor of top managerial pay, the decline in the retention rate, increasing share buybacks, rising indebtedness of lower-income households, and the stock market boom in the 1990s. In contrast to Piketty's explanation, the decline in the natural rate of growth reduces inequality of income and wealth in this Kaldorian framework.many). I would like to thank the participants and two anonymous referees for insightful comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies.
Cellular Handover approaches in 2.5G to 5G Technology

The obstruction in cellular network involves the problem when a mobile user travels from one cell to another during a call. As adjacent cell do not use the same radio channels, a call must be transferred from one radio channel to another when a user crosses the line between the adjacent cells. The process of handover takes place that transfer an ongoing call from one cell to another cell as the user moves through the coverage area of a cellular network. There are several different reasons needed to be known to determine whether a handover is required. The signal strength of the base station, along signal strengths of the surrounding stations as in addition the availability of the channels also needed to be known. The mobile monitors the strength of the base stations in cellular network to know for the status of channel availability and the network make decision about the handover. The main goal of this research is to investigate the handover research issues and developing schemes which can handle handovers traffic in order to support on-going calls when mobile users are switching between base stations. The final outcomes of the research will theoretical and mathematical approaches to convince the users as possible to provide effective methods for evaluating handover mechanisms as well as cellular network performance.
Bracketed morality and ethical ideologies of sport fans

Abstract Historically, scholarship on ethics in sport has focused almost exclusively on practices of athletes, coaches and leagues. In this study, we highlight a serious void in the existing empirical literature on morality – ethical ideology and intention – of sport fans. Applying ‘bracketed morality,’ sport fans sometimes enact or accept behaviours otherwise regarded as problematic in everyday situations – insulting athletes, cursing at officials, celebrating riotously and/or intimidating fans of rival teams. Only some fans actually sanction (oppose) these kinds of behaviours, suggesting that they are questionable but not necessarily problematic, and, thus, worthy of closer investigation. Here, with the aid of four scenarios, we find that sport fans’ ethical ideology influences ethical intention. We also find that this influence is mediated twofold by ethical perception of moral problems and trivialization of observed situations, with trivialization exhibiting greater influence. Hence, while ethical ideologies and perceptions are important, they may be bracketed in evaluations of sport-fan behaviours.
Re: Comments on Chemicals Identified for Consultation with the Carcinogen Identification Committee (july 2011) – Pimecrolimus and Tacrolimus

On behalf of Astellas Pharma US Inc. (“Astellas”), we attach comments regarding prioritization of tacrolimus. This chemical is used exclusively in prescription pharmaceuticals used to treat specific, relatively severe conditions. For reasons summarized below and described in more detail in the comments, tacrolimus should be excluded from the prioritization process entirely or, if it is prioritized, it should be given a low priority.
Bistatic Scattering and Emissivities of Lossy Dielectric Surfaces With Exponential Correlation Functions

Bistatic scattering and emissivities of surfaces with exponential correlation functions are studied numerically for 2-D geometries in a numerical Maxwell model with 2-D simulations. Surfaces with exponential correlation functions are important for the active and passive microwave remote sensing of land surfaces. Because of the fine-scale features with large slopes of such surfaces, numerical accuracy, which is particularly important for the calculation of emissivity in passive remote sensing, is ensured by a variety of procedures in this paper. The rooftop function and Galerkin's method with numerical integration of near-field impedance matrix elements are used. Cubic spline interpolation is employed to connect knots on random rough surfaces. Numerical accuracy convergence tests are performed for numerical solutions of Maxwell equations by varying the number of points from 13 to 103 points per wavelength in the dielectric medium corresponding to 50-400 points per free wavelength. Surface lengths of up to 100 and 200 free wavelengths and root mean square heights of up to 0.4 and 0.8 free wavelengths, respectively, are used at 5 and 10 GHz to capture all the essential features. Because of the large number of surface unknowns (up to 80 000), the multilevel UV method is further used to accelerate the matrix equation solver. Numerical results are illustrated for both bistatic scattering and emissivities as functions of frequencies and incidence and scattering angles for cases of interests in microwave remote sensing. Comparisons are made with the second-order small perturbation method and Kirchhoff's approximation to reestablish the regimes of validity of these methods
An Empirical Investigation into Correlation Functions in a Spatially-Dispersed Evolutionary Algorithm

Spatially-structured populations play an important role in controlling selection pressure in evolutionary algorithms. The imposing space on a evolving population has traditionally been biased toward the underlying architecture that the population is executed on. The spatially dispersed evolutionary algorithm (sdEA) is an attempt to model population structures incorporating more probabilistic measures into the construction of demes. One important component of the sdEA in determining demes is the correlation function. This paper introduces three new correlation functions into the realm of the sdEA and compares their resultant behaviours on four differing test cases. Initial results indicate that the design of a correlation function should bias deme construction to small areas in the population surface.
03-04 Robust Multidimensional Poverty Comparisons

We investigate how to make poverty comparisons using multidimensional indicators of well-being, showing in particular how to check whether the comparisons are robust to aggregation procedures and to the choice of multidimensional poverty lines. In contrast to earlier work, our methodology applies equally well to what can be defined as “union”, “intersection” or “intermediate” approaches to dealing with multidimensional indicators of well-being. When one of two indicators is discrete, our methods specialize to those that have previously been developed to deal with household composition heterogeneity. To make these procedures of some practical usefulness, the paper is also the first to derive the sampling distribution of various multidimensional poverty estimators, including estimators of the “critical” poverty frontiers outside which multidimensional poverty comparisons can no longer be deemed ethically robust. The results are illustrated using data from a number of developing countries.
Beliefs about Teaching and Learning in University Teachers: Revision of Some Studies.

Master in neurosciences from Universidad de Barcelona, with a bachelor’s degree in clinical psychology from Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, rational emotional behavioral psychotherapist accredited by the New York Albert Ellis Institute, specialist in teacher training and higher education teaching-learning. Currently obtaining her Educational Management Master’s degree in Universidad de Piira. Academic Coordinator in USIL Reaserch Vice Rectorate.
Fast colorization of gray images

A molded plastic peg strip for mounting on a display support a plurality of metal hooks from which merchandise bearing cards are hung has a laterally extending series of open top pockets projecting integrally from a transversely flexible base, each pocket being formed by a low front wall connecting the lower portions of two higher laterally spaced side walls which have slight transverse ribs in their upper portions to constrict the pocket width between said ribs for snapping of the side walls over the shank of a hook when the foot of the hook is pushed down into the pocket to seat the shank down on the top of the pocket front wall or seat the end of the foot on the bottom of the pocket.
Towards secure communication via a wireless-powered full-duplex jammer

This paper explores the use of a full-duplex (FD) friendly jammer to secure the communication between a transmitter and a receiver in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. The friendly jammer is considered as a wireless-powered node without embedded power supply but can harvest energy from radio frequency (RF) signals, accumulate it in the storage, and use the harvested energy to perform the cooperative jamming (CJ). A novel CJ protocol termed accumulate-and-jam (AnJ) is proposed to improve the jammer efficiency, which splits the transmission blocks into dedicated energy harvesting (DEH) blocks and opportunistic energy harvesting (OEH) blocks. In DEH blocks, the transmitter transfers wireless power to replenish the jammer. In OEH blocks, the transmitter sends information to the receiver. Using the accumulated energy, the jammer transmits jamming signals to confound the eavesdropper. Mean-while, thanks to the FD capability, the jammer can continue to harvest energy from the signals overheard from the transmitter. Compared with the existing protocols using a wireless powered half-duplex (HD) jammer, the proposed design possesses the advantage of uninterrupted energy harvesting at the jammer. A closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability of the considered system is derived. Numerical results show that our proposed AnJ protocol can significantly outperform its HD counterpart in terms of secrecy outage probability.
Phonetically aided syntactic parsing of spoken language

The paper presents a technique for parsing a speech utterance from its phonetic representation. The technique is different from a conventional spoken language parsing techniques where a speech utterance is first transcribed at word-level and a syntactic structure is produced from the transcribed words. In a word-level parsing approach, an error caused by a speech recognizer propagates through the parser into the resultant syntactic structure. Furthermore, sometimes transcribed speech utterances are not parse-able even though lattices or confusion networks are used. These problems are addressed by the proposed phonetically aided parser. In the phonetically aided parsing approach, the parsing is performed from a phonetic representation (phone sequence) of the recognized utterance using a joint modeling of probabilistic context free grammars and a n-gram language model. The technique results in better parsing accuracy then word-level parsing when evaluated on spoken dialog parsing task in this paper.
Human Amniotic Epithelium as an Unlimited Source of Oct4-Expressing Totipotent Stem Cell Subset

We have explored Oct4-positive cells residing in the human amniotic membrane (HAM) at various stages of gestation. Here, we report that a number of Oct4-positive human amniotic epithelial (HAE) cells can be recovered as po- tentially pluripotent stem cells from any stage of human embryonic development. We found that Oct4-expressing cell sub- sets are clustered in specific regions of the human amniotic epithelium. Immunohistochemical examination suggests the expression levels of Oct4 protein vary at the single cell level in these cohorts as well as in vitro. These Oct4-positive HAE cells can be harvested and enriched in vitro as a potential source of pluripotent somatic stem cells under defined culture conditions. These cultured HAE cells expressed several marker genes for undifferentiated human embryonic stem (huES) cell lines that included connexins (hCx43 and hCx45), Pro-Galanin, Nanog, ABCG2 and hRex1. Several differentiation markers were also detected, such as nestin as a marker for neuroectodermal progenitor cells, albumin and amylase of he- patic cell type, and CK19 as an epithelial cell marker, as determined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemical analysis. Moreover, chromogranin A and glut2, marker genes for neuroendocrine pancreatic cells, were shown to be inducible at the mRNA level in response to glucose and nicotinamide. These results further strengthen the notion that the human am- niotic epithelium provides an unlimited promising source of potentially useful hES-like somatic cells that possess multiple differentiation potential to give rise to a functionally different wide variety of cell types.
Adverse Selection and Reputation Systems in Online Auctions: Evidence fom eBay Motors

While the possibility of adverse selection is present in many transactional settings, online auctions appear to be especially susceptible to the problem. Unlike buyers in most traditional settings, online auction shoppers are physically unable to inspect the products for sale and must rely on pictures and descriptions provided by the seller. If buyers cannot distinguish quality until after the purchase has been made, there is no incentive for sellers to provide high quality products. As a result, buyers will be unwilling to pay a quality premium, the average quality in the market will decline, and the level of trade will fall to a level below what is socially optimal. Accordingly, if adverse selection exists in online auctions, the quality of items traded would be expected to be subaverage. In addition, we would expect the decreases in online prices to be larger than in offline prices as the variance in the condition of items increases. Using data from completed eBay Motors vehicle auctions, we test both assumptions and examine the ability of online reputation systems to offset the effects of adverse selection. Our results suggest that adverse selection is more pronounced in online auctions compared to traditional marketplaces for used goods, and that reputation systems reduce, but do not fully eliminate, the problem. Consistent with theoretical predictions, we find that as vehicle age and mileage increase (i.e., as the variance of a car’s condition increases), the price that eBay buyers are willing to pay for the vehicle decreases by amounts greater than we would expect offline. In addition, we find that newer cars and those with low mileage are less likely to be sold on eBay. Further, sellers of higher quality vehicles and those with poorer reputations are more likely to protect themselves from the effects of adverse selection by setting reserve prices, and sellers with better reputations are more likely to sell their vehicles and receive higher price premiums.
How beliefs of English-language professors in Japan influence their pedagogy and teaching strategies related to the use of technology

This research study examines teaching beliefs of English-language professors in Japan, how professors make sense of their beliefs, and how the beliefs influence their pedagogical strategies related to using technology and teaching with technology. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) research design was used. Six English-language professors employed full-time in universities in Tokyo and Kanagawa participated in this study. Social Cognitive Theory was used as the theoretical framework. Each instructor’s beliefs interacted in a complex manner within the higher education system in Japan, which impacted instructors’ actual teaching practices related to the use of technology. This study demonstrated that instructors’ beliefs about teaching are intrinsically related to their incorporation of technology as well as to the frequency of their use of technology. It revealed a complicated relationship between what teachers think and what they do in class in relation to technology-mediated tasks. Findings of this study suggest that English Language Teaching (ELT) instructors at the university level in Japan are navigating through a complex cultural, Confucian-influenced, structural educational system. Computer-mediated instruction includes Computer-assisted language learning (CALL), information and communications technology (ICT), social networking service (SNS), e-learning, and m-learning. This study suggests technology integration into the English language curriculum will require a greater collaborative effort by stakeholders in recognizing instructors’ beliefs as vital to technology acceptance.
A change of view: arts-based research and psychology

Qualitative research in psychology, although becoming more visible and growing in stature, continues to remain a minority endeavor within the discipline (Gough & Lyons 2016; Harper 2012; Ponterotto 2005; Rubin, Bell & McClelland 2018). Mainstream psychology continues to demonstrate limited acceptance of qualitative research (Roberts & Castell 2016) and would likely give even less credence to any forms of research with an arts-based focus. Psychology considers itself to be a science, the methods of science are paramount (see Marecek 2003), and arts-based research is the polar opposite to science—art. And, as Barone and Eisner (2012, p. 45) point out, art and science live in “a contested zone”. But even in articles that offer a positive outlook on the development and future of qualitative research in psychology (e.g., Demuth 2015; Demuth & Terkildsen 2015; Gergen, Josselson & Freeman 2015; Gough & Lyons 2016), we find virtually no attention given to arts-based research. However, Brinkmann (2014) acknowledges this as a new direction alongside a strong argument for psychology to transcend disciplinary boundaries, and a few articles that do directly address artsbased research topics and their relevance for psychology (e.g., Smythe 2017) can be identified. Looking across the social sciences more generally, Gergen and Gergen (2014) challenge the traditional separation between art and science, arguing that performative forms of inquiry enrich social science research and enhance research communication. Barone and Eisner (2012) also reject the art-science separation, positing that science involves imagination, qualitatively assessed sensitivity to variation, and applied artistic judgment, a position that would be supported by many studies of science and technology (e.g., Felt et al. 2016). But what is arts-based research, and could it have value within psychology? Only a brave person would try to offer a definitive statement of what constitutes art. It is the same for arts-based research; this field of research is extraordinarily varied, covers all aspects and forms of art practice, is related to research practice, and even offers some strong challenges to the nature of research. However, broad definitions of the field have been proposed. Knowles and Cole (2008, p. xi) argue that arts-based research represents “an unfolding and expanding orientation to qualitative social science that
The Mix of Media Use Matters: Investigating the Effects of Individual News Repertoires on Offline and Online Political Participation

In contemporary high-choice media environments, people increasingly mix and combine their use of various news media into personal news repertoires. Despite this, there is still limited research on how people compose their individual news repertoires and the effects of these news repertoires. To address this and further our understanding of how media use influences political participation, this study investigates (a) how people combine the use of offline and online media into personal news repertoires and (b) the effects of different news repertoires on both offline and online political participation. Based on a two-wave panel study covering the 2014 Swedish national election, this study identifies five news repertoires, labeled minimalists, public news consumers, local news consumers, social media news consumers, and popular online news consumers. Among other things, the results show that social media news consumers are more likely to participate in politics both offline and online.