Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Papillomavirus–Unrelated Gastric Type of Cervical Adenocarcinoma Presenting With a Metastatic Ovarian Tumor: Report of a Case

Objective Gastric type of adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a newly reported, morphologically distinct, mucinous subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma and is distinguished by aggressiveness and fatal outcomes. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical carcinoma is well known; however, GAC is almost always HPV negative. Materials and Methods We report an unusual case of cervical GAC in a 41-year-old woman with a metastatic ovarian mass. The histological morphology of both tumors consisted of irregular glands lined by mucous cells with mild to moderate nuclear atypia and containing abundant cytoplasmic mucin. Results Immunohistochemical studies of the tumor cells revealed positive reactivity for CK7 and carcinoembryonic antigen but negative reactivity for p16 and HPV DNA usually expressed in cervical adenocarcinoma. Further staining for mucin with monoclonal antibody HIK1083 showed positive reactivity in both cervical and ovarian tumors. A gastric type of cervical carcinoma is considered. The patient is free of detectable disease at a 12-month follow-up. Conclusions P16 staining and HPV DNA test result are usually positive in usual mucinous type of cervical adenocarcinoma, but they are negative in GAC. HIK1083 is becoming more commonly used for the diagnosis of GAC. Differentiation of GAC from usual mucinous type of cervical adenocarcinoma is important because GAC was related to a significant risk of recurrence and decreased 5-year disease-specific survival. We suggest applying HIK1083 in the diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma, especially in a small biopsy specimen.
Compact polarimetry overview and applications assessment

A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with hybrid-polarity (CL-pol) architecture transmits circular polarization and receives two orthogonal, mutually coherent linear polarizations, which is one manifestation of compact polarimetry. The resulting radar is relatively simple to implement and has unique self-calibration features and low susceptibility to noise. It also enables maintenance of a larger swath coverage than fully polarimetric SAR systems. A research team composed of various departments of the Government of Canada evaluated this compact polarimetry mode configuration for application to soil moisture estimation, crop identification, ship detection, and sea-ice classification. This paper presents an overview of compact polarimetry, the approach developed for evaluation, and preliminary results for applications important to the Government of Canada. The implications of the results are also discussed with respect to future SAR missions such as the Canadian RADARSAT Constellation Mission, the American DESDynI, and India’s RISAT.
Function of the Collecting Ducts

Urine was sampled from microcatheters situated at different levels of the collecting ducts of golden hamsters. Appropriate analyses provided data concerning the function of the collecting ducts with respect to concentrating and acidifying the urine. The conclusion is reached that the collecting ducts serve 2 functions: a passive one, i.e., the back-diffusion of water and urea and an active one, i.e., the exchange of sodium for hydrogen ions and the formation of ammonia.
Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Model of Parkinson's Disease Induced by Unilateral Stereotaxic Injection of 6-Ohda in Rat

This study aimed to investigate behavioral and neurochemical effects of α-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) alone or associated with L-DOPA using an animal model of Parkinson's disease induced by stereotaxic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in rat striatum. Motor behavior was assessed by monitoring body rotations induced by apomorphine, open field test and cylinder test. Oxidative stress was accessed by determination of lipid peroxidation using the TBARS method, concentration of nitrite and evaluation of catalase activity. α-Lipoic acid decreased body rotations induced by apomorphine, as well as caused an improvement in motor performance by increasing locomotor activity in the open field test and use of contralateral paw (in the opposite side of the lesion produced by 6-OHDA) at cylinder test. α-lipoic acid showed antioxidant effects, decreasing lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels and interacting with antioxidant system by decreasing of endogenous catalase activity. Therefore, α-lipoic acid prevented the damage induced by 6-OHDA or by chronic use of L-DOPA in dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that α-lipoic could be a new therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease prevention and treatment.
Out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in four Serbian university cities: outcome follow-up according to the «Utstein style»

Aims. To investigate the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to discharge, six-month and one-year survival of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in four university cities in Serbia.Methods. A prospective, two-year, multicentre study was designed. Using the Utstein template, we recorded out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary (CPR) and its outcomes, and analyzed the immediate survival (ROSC>20 min.), short-term survival (to discharge), long-term survival (one year after discharge), or death following out-of-hospital CPR.Results. During the study period, 591 patients met the inclusion criteria for enrollment and out-of-hospital CPR. The etiology of arrest was cardiac in 33.8% of patients. Cardiac arrest was witnessed by the advanced life support (ALS) team in 15.6% of cases. Asystole was the most frequent initial rhythm at time of arrest (46.4%). The highest survival rate (P<0,001) was observed in cases with initial VF and pulseless VT, while patients with asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA) had the least chance of survival. Within the whole group of patients, ROSC was detected with a frequency of 69.7%. The frequency of patients who died in the field or during admission to hospital was 58.9%, while 28.6% of admitted patients died before discharge. Thirteen percent of patients survived until discharge, and the overall six-month and one-year survival rates were 11.3% and 10%, respectively. No statistical difference in survival rates among the cities was found Conclusion. The Utstein template should be implemented in the form of an official protocol for out-of-hospital CPR follow-up in all emergency medical services in Serbia.
Regional cross section of the Southern Province adjacent to Lake Huron, Ontario: implications for the tectonic significance of the Murray Fault Zone

The Southern Province in the Lake Huron area of Ontario, and the Penokean Fold Belt of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan have the earmarks of a collisional orogen. The Huronian Supergroup, a southerly facing passive margin sequence, was deposited during early Aphebian (Early Proterozoic) crustal stretching (and ocean basin formation? ) along the southern margin of the Superior Province Archean craton. It accumulated as four unconformity-bounded, northerly tapering, onlapping clastic wedges (megacycles). The thickness and facies variations reflect syndepositional down-to-the-basin (south) normal faulting that controlled the accumulation and preservation of the lower three Huronian megacycles. These are overlapped northward by the youngest megacycle, an extensive sheet of clastic sediments recording post-stretching regional subsidence of the cratonic margin due to cooling and thermal contraction. Soft-sediment folds in the rocks of the youngest megaycycle to the extreme south probably indicate southward slu.
Application of remote sensing and geographic information system in change detection of the Netravati and Gurpur river channels, Karnataka, India

The Netravati and Gurpur (N–G) river basins are tectonically active due to a number of seismically active faults/lineaments and their proximity to Mulki–Pulicat Lake axis. The gradient of the river channels has gradually reduced (after ∼10 km from their origin) and has forced the rivers to flow slowly in meandering and zigzag paths. The nature and intensity of meanders are governed by geological and tectonic conditions of the river basins. Significant changes in river channels, between the years 1910 and 2005, have been detected in three blocks – Block-I (Netravati) and Blocks-II and III (Gurpur) – and studied in detail by comparing topographic maps with Indian Remote Sensing Satellite, LISS-III images through GIS techniques. The block-wise qualitative and quantitative changes of these channels indicate that they are narrowed and migrate towards south due to neotectonic activities, formation of braided islands, variation in flow intensity and anthropogenic interventions like construction of vented dams and sand mining.
The neuroanatomical correlates of anxiety in a healthy population: differences between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale

The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Hamilton scale for anxiety (HARS) are two of the most important scales employed in clinical and psychological realms for the evaluation of anxiety. Although the reliability and sensibility of these scales are widely demonstrated there is an open debate on what exactly their scores reflect. Neuroimaging provides the potential to validate the quality and reliability of clinical scales through the identification of specific biomarkers. For this reason, we evaluated the neural correlates of these two scales in a large cohort of healthy individuals using structural neuroimaging methods.
Interactive effects of past and present environments on overwintering success—a reciprocal transplant experiment

Life-history traits are influenced by environmental factors throughout the lifespan of an individual. The relative importance of past versus present environment on individual fitness, therefore, is a relevant question in populations that face the challenge of temporally varying environment. We studied the interacting effects of past and present density on body mass, condition, and survival in enclosure populations of the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) using a reciprocal transplant design. In connection with the cyclic dynamics of natural vole populations, our hypothesis was that individuals born in low-density enclosures would do better overwintering in low-density enclosures than in high-density enclosures and vice versa. Our results show that the effect of summer (past) density was strong especially on survival and body mass. The response of body mass to summer density was negative in both winter (present) density groups, whereas the response of survival probability was nonlinear and differed between the winter density groups. In particular, our data show a trend for higher overwintering success of individuals originating from the lowest summer densities in low winter density and vice versa. We therefore conclude that the capacity of individuals to respond to a change in density was constrained by the delayed density-dependent effects of environment experienced in the past. These effects have the potential to contribute to vole population dynamics. Possible mechanisms mediating the effects of past environment into present performance include both intrinsic and environmental factors.
Experience-Driven Procedural Music Generation for Games

As video games have grown from crude and simple circuit-based artefacts to a multibillion dollar worldwide industry, video-game music has become increasingly adaptive. Composers have had to use new techniques to avoid the traditional, event-based approach where music is composed mostly of looped audio tracks, which can lead to music that is too repetitive. In addition, these cannot scale well in the design of today's games, which have become increasingly complex and nonlinear in narrative. This paper outlines the use of experience-driven procedural music generation, to outline possible ways forward in the dynamic generation of music and audio according to user gameplay metrics.
Seagrass Depth Limits in the Indian River Lagoon (Florida, U.S.A.): Application of an Optical Water Quality Model

Abstract A model of spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance in terms of the inherent optical properties of optically important water quality parameters was calibrated near two seagrass beds in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, U.S.A. One of the seagrass sites was near the outflow of a canal discharging highly coloured water, and is regularly inundated by a plume of coloured water. Attenuation coefficients for photosynthetically active radiation predicted by the model agreed with observations within about 15 %. Observed ecological compensation depth for the seagrass bed more distant from the colour source agreed well with the central tendency of the 20 % penetration depth predicted by the optical model using the observed distributions of water quality parameters. Depth distributions of the seagrass bed near the coloured water source were about 0 ·5 m shallower, a result predicted by the optical model assuming the seagrass bed is inundated by the coloured water plume 50 –70 % of the time. At depths less than their ecological compensation depths, the two seagrass beds had similar species composition, shoot densities and biomass characteristics. Application of the model to hypothetical scenarios to reduce the impact of coloured water on the depth distribution of seagrasses near the discharge site indicated that any improvement in water quality would improve conditions for seagrass growth. The results indicate the utility of optical modelling in conjunction with limited field surveys of seagrasses for setting water quality objectives.
Radiation induced DNA double strand breaks are rejoined by ligation and recombination processes

Using the method of filter elution of double stranded DNA under neutral conditions we have shown that most of gamma-ray induced double strand breaks (DSB) are rejoined in both mammalian and bacterial cells. Rejoining also occurs in the G1 phase in V79 Chinese hamster cells and under different growth conditions. Within 8 minutes at 37 C, half the breaks are rejoined. The rejoining in E. coli is equally fast and depends on the presence of DNA ligase. Some of the breaks in E. coli rejoin slowly, and these require rec+. The non-rejoined DSB are distributed over the DNA without any preference for the nucleosomal or the linker structure in the chromosome. Two kinds of DSB rejoining are discriminated, a fast process of DNA ligation and a slower process involving rec functions.
Disparities in precarious workers' health care access in South Korea.

BACKGROUND This study explored whether precarious workers have difficulties in health care access as compared with non-precarious workers. METHODS The 2008 Korean Community Health Survey data were used for this study. Information was obtained on 51,322 participants (40,514 non-precarious workers and 10,808 precarious workers). Precarious workers were defined as part-time or contingent workers. RESULTS Precarious workers had significantly higher risk of limited access to hospitals (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06-1.22) and dentists (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.21-1.36) than non-precarious workers; disparities in doctor contacts among precarious workers were mostly linked to not having enough money. The risk of not receiving preventive care-medical checkups (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.49-0.55) or cancer screenings (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86)-was also significantly elevated among precarious workers. CONCLUSION We found that precarious workers had more difficulty accessing health care or receiving health checkups or cancer screenings than their non-precarious counterparts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:1136-1144, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of strength training on intra-abdominal adipose tissue in obese prepubertal girls.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of strength training on fat distribution and its relationship to glucose tolerance in obese prepubertal girls. METHODS A strength training intervention study was designed in which the children exercised three times per week for 5 months. Twelve healthy, obese prepubertal girls (ages 7-10 yr, > 95th percentile weight for height) were enrolled in the study. Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography, and glucose tolerance was measured by a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test at baseline and after training. RESULTS Significant increases in height, weight, fat-free mass, fat mass, and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue occurred after training (P < 0.05), whereas intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) remained stable (N = 11). Insulin area was highly correlated with IAAT before (r = 0.91) and after (r = 0.90) training (both P < 0.01, N = 9). CONCLUSION In growing obese prepubertal girls undergoing a strength training program, IAAT remains unchanged, whereas subcutaneous abdominal fat and total body fat increased; insulin area is related to IAAT in these children.
Vesico-Ureteric Reflux

In the fifteen years since the original volume of this series was written the problem of reflux has occasioned more controversy than any other topic in paediatric urology, and a full review of the subject is therefore required. Reflux undoubtedly justifies a full discussion by the frequency with which it occurs: its reported incidence varies considerably with the thoroughness of the investigation, but Scott and Stansfield’s (1968) finding of reflux in 55 per cent of children with recurrent urinary infection is not out of line with other reports. In the great majority of these children reflux is the only detectable abnormality of the urinary tract function, so that it has become customary to speak of primary reflux where there does not appear to be any bladder disorder, but, although a useful clinical classification, this term obscures the issue so often in doubt as to the part played by infection in the aetiology of reflux. Very seldom, in fact, can reflux be treated as a single disease entity; its presence is but one facet of a complex and variable situation and this chapter is therefore concerned with many aspects of urinary tract disorder which may be associated with reflux.
Landslides, sandpiles, and self-organized criticality

Abstract. Power-law distributions of landslides and rockfalls observed under various conditions suggest a relationship of mass movements to self-organized criticality (SOC). The exponents of the distributions show a considerable variability, but neither a unique correlation to the geological or climatic situation nor to the triggering mechanism has been found. Comparing the observed size distributions with models of SOC may help to understand the origin of the variation in the exponent and finally help to distinguish the governing components in long-term landslide dynamics. However, the three most widespread SOC models either overestimate the number of large events drastically or cannot be consistently related to the physics of mass movements. Introducing the process of time-dependent weakening on a long time scale brings the results closer to the observed statistics, so that time-dependent weakening may play a major part in the long-term dynamics of mass movements.
Speech perception in noise using directional microphones in open-canal hearing aids.

BACKGROUND Individuals with impaired hearing find it difficult to understand speech in the presence of background noise--a problem addressed effectively by directional microphones. As open-canal fittings have become increasingly popular in the recent past, so has the debate about the effective directional benefit available from these devices. PURPOSE This study investigates the benefit of directional microphones in two commercially available open-canal behind-the-ear hearing aids using the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). STUDY SAMPLE Sixteen individuals, between 50 and 85 year of age, with high-frequency bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and no previous hearing aid experience participated in this study. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data Collection and Analysis: Individuals were asked to repeat sentences (presented at 0 degrees azimuth) in the presence of a diffuse-field uncorrelated broadband speech-shaped noise. HINT performance was compared across hearing instruments and conditions using a linear model with repeated measures. RESULTS There was a directional advantage of 2.6 dB as compared to the unaided condition. Average performance was worse in the omnidirectional mode as compared to the unaided condition. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that directional signal processing should not be precluded in open-canal instruments for listening in noisy environments.
Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in trap cultures from soils under different land use systems in the Amazon, Brazil

The aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species diversity in soil samples from the Amazon region under distinct land use systems (Forest, Old Secondary Forest, Young Secondary Forest, Agroforestry systems, Crops and Pasture) using two distinct trap cultures. Traps established using Sorghum sudanense and Vigna unguiculata (at Universidade Regional de Blumenau -FURB) and Brachiaria decumbens and Neonotonia wightii (at Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA) were grown for 150 days in greenhouse conditions, when spore density and species identification were evaluated. A great variation on species richness was detected in several samples, regardless of the land use systems from where samples were obtained. A total number of 24 AMF species were recovered using both methods of trap cultures, with FURB′s traps yielding higher number of species. Acaulospora delicata, A. foveata, Entrophospora colombiana and two undescribed Glomus species were the most abundant and frequent species recovered from the traps. Number of species decreased in each genus according to this order: Acaulospora, Glomus, Entrophospora, Gigaspora, Archaeospora, Scutellospora and Paraglomus. Spore numbers were higher in Young Secondary Forest and Pastures. Our study demonstrated that AMF have a widespread occurrence in all land use systems in Amazon and they sporulate more abundantly in trap cultures from land uses under interference than in the pristine Forest ecosystem.
Birds of Different Feathers Cooperate Together: No Evidence for Altruism Homophily in Networks

Many evolutionary models of cooperation assume that altruists possess telltale signs of disposition that they use to find and selectively associate with each other. Prior research finds that people can detect these signs of altruism in strangers, but we do not yet know whether this results in altruism homophily. We argue that dispositions should matter less in repeated interactions, where behavior is based on reciprocity. As a consequence, we should not expect people to have accurate insight into the dispositions (egoism vs. altruism) of their friends, nor should we expect these relations to be characterized by altruism homophily. Three studies, employing diverse methodologies and measures, find no evidence of altruism homophily. Moreover, we find that people have poor insight into their friends’ altruism. We discuss the implications of these findings for the emergence of altruism and the role of embedded interactions in sustaining human cooperation.