Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parenting Style and Child Outcomes in Chinese and Immigrant Chinese Families-Current Findings and Cross-Cultural Considerations in Conceptualization and Research

Abstract Parenting style is an important familial variable in the study of child development. Unlike research on white populations, results on how parenting style affects child outcomes are less conclusive in Chinese and Chinese immigrant families. This is largely due to problems associated with applying western typologies, such as Baumrind's prototypes, in research on Chinese families. Studies that use an orthogonal approach, in which different parenting dimensions are examined, yield more interpretable data. This article examines current research on the associations between the two key parenting dimensions of warmth and control on child outcomes in Chinese and Chinese immigrant families. Warmth is associated with positive child outcomes. However, the effect of parental control on child psychosocial outcomes is unclear. Qualitative differences in Chinese parenting call for more research that focuses on conceptualizing and operationalizing dimensions of Chinese parenting that are both culturally specific and culturally sensitive.
Self-Concept and Metacognition in Ethnic Minorities

This study explores the relationship between measures of academic self-concept and metacognition in three different ethnic groups-Black, Hispanic, and Asian American. The BACEIS model of intellectual performance suggests that cognitive, affective, and environmental factors contribute to academic achievement. In general, this model predicts that academic self-concept and metacognition are correlated and that culturally distinct ethnic groups vary on these measures. The results of this study support the predictions derived from the BACEIS model. Implications for research and instruction are discussed
Gender and creation of value in mixed‐motive negotiation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present how previous research has shown that, in negotiations that have integrative potential, men negotiate greater outcomes than do women. The primary purpose of this set of studies was to determine whether gender difference could be attributed to more effective performance in dividing value, more effective performance in creating value, or both.Design/methodology/approach – In study 1, participants negotiated a case situation that had integrative potential. Participants were randomly assigned to a side of the case and to a negotiation counterpart. This provided a comparison of all possible dyad gender combinations – female‐female, female‐male, and male‐male. Statistical tests included actor‐partner interdependence model (APIM) analysis, ANOVA, χ2, and t‐tests. Study 2 replicated a sub‐set of the study 1 tests using a different sample and a different negotiation case situation.Findings – Male‐male dyads created more value than female‐female dyads in both study 1.
Navigating Theories of Volunteering: A Hybrid Map for a Complex Phenomenon

The study of volunteerism has generated multiple conceptual frameworks yet no integrated theory has emerged. This article identifies three major challenges, or layers of complexity, that a unified theory of volunteering faces. First, volunteering is a complex phenomenon that has permeable boundaries and spans a wide variety of activities, organizations, and sectors. It is a social construct with multiple definitions. Second, different disciplines attribute different meanings and functions to volunteering. Third, existing theoretical accounts are biased toward covering the "laws of volunteering" and have a strong empirical surplus. "Good theory" however is multidimensional so there is a need to include other views on theory. To overcome these challenges, we use a "hybrid theoretical strategy" that seeks to combine the "multiple goodness" of current approaches. Our hybrid framework builds on the three layers of complexity identified, and provides an innovative conceptual system of navigation to map, compare, and integrate existing theories more adequately.
Concept development of family resilience: a study of Korean families with a chronically ill child.

AIMS To clarify and delineate the concept of family resilience in the context of the chronic illness of a child. This study also investigated the concept of family resilience in relation to family functioning in order to compare and contrast family resilience and family functioning. DESIGN AND METHOD Three phases of the hybrid model of concept development were applied: theoretical, fieldwork and final analytical. In the theoretical phase, a working definition of family resilience was developed by a literature review. The fieldwork phase comprised in-depth interviews with 11 parents with a chronically ill child, in the paediatric oncology unit of a university hospital in South Korea. The qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analysed to find attributes of family resilience. The final analytical phase compared and interpreted the findings from the theoretical and fieldwork phases in order to clarify and refine the concept of resilience. RESULTS The definition of family resilience was of an enduring force that leads a family to change its functioning dynamics in order to solve problems encountered. Twenty-one conceptual attributes of family resilience emerging from this study were differentiated into four dimensions: (i) intrinsic family characteristics, (ii) family member orientation related to family characteristics, (iii) responsiveness to stress and (iv) external orientation. CONCLUSIONS Family resilience is an enduring force that leads a family to change its dynamics of functioning in order to solve problems associated with stresses encountered. This conceptualization led to the development of a model of family coping that incorporates both family resilience and family functioning, as the property and as the process of change, respectively. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE In order to build a family that functions better under stress, it is necessary for nurses to focus more attention on family resilience, especially in terms of the development of intervention strategies to strengthen family resilience.
How Green was Thames Valley?: Policing the Image of Restorative Justice Cautions

In 1994, Thames Valley Police (in the UK) began experimenting with restorative justice cautioning, in the Milton Keynes area. Other pilot programmes (most notably in Aylesbury) soon followed. The initiative was enthusiastically promoted by the then Chief Constable of Thames Valley Police, Sir Charles Pollard. One of his central claims was that re-offending rates had declined from 30% to 4% in Aylesbury as a result of restorative cautioning. This remarkable claim was instrumental in persuading key individuals, both within and outside Thames Valley Police, that greater use should be made of restorative methods within criminal justice. This paper subjects that claim to empirical scrutiny (and finds it baseless) as well as exploring what this episode reveals about the nature of relations between the police and the media.
Conservation and Forced Innovation: Responses to Turtle Excluder Devices among Gulf of Mexico Shrimpers

By 1989, federal regulations required the use of Turtle Excluder Devices on offshore shrimp trawlers in the US waters. Fishermen in Bayou La Batre, Alabama initially responded to this forced innovation by experimenting with and modifying the device. Resistance followed when modifications were unable to reduce catch loss associated with their use. The unintended consequences of TEDs for fishermen's livelihoods and resource management are examined.
Endocannabinoids accumulate in spinal cord of SOD1G93A transgenic mice

Approximately 2% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases are caused by mutations in the super oxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene and transgenic mice for these mutations recapitulate many features of this devastating neurodegenerative disease. Here we show that the amount of anandamide (AEA) and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), two endocannabinoids that have neuroprotective properties, increase in spinal cord of SOD1G93A transgenic mice. This increase occurs in the lumbar section of spinal cords, the first section to undergo neurodegeneration, and is significant before overt motor impairment. Our results show that chronic neurodegeneration induced by a genetic mutation increases endocannabinoid production possibly as part of an endogenous defense mechanism.
Low-density lipoprotein apheresis in a pediatric patient of familial hypercholesterolemia: Primi experientia from a tertiary care center in North India

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder due to mutation of apolipoprotein-B receptor gene causing severe dyslipidemia. Lifestyle modification and medical treatment attenuate the disease progression, but as these fail to control the blood cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis comes forth as a treatment option. To the best of our knowledge, the following is the very first case of pediatric FH being treated by LDL-apheresis to be reported from India. A severely malnourished female child presented with yellowish skin lesions over different parts of the body, viz., bilateral Achilles tendon, both knees, elbows, both pinnae, and outer canthus of both eyes. She had a strong family history of borderline hypercholesterolemia and was diagnosed as a case of FH. She was maintained on diet modification. LDL-apheresis was planned as the cholesterol levels were not controlled with the diet modificationt. However, unavailability of an appropriate kit in India for LDL-apheresis led to the use of the modified PL1 kit meant for therapeutic plasma exchange procedures. We conducted two sessions of LDL-apheresis. After the first session, the LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) level fell by 75.9% and the total cholesterol fell by 73.5%. A second procedure led to a decline in total cholesterol level by 18.6% and LDL-C by 19.46%. Subsequently, she was advised diet modification and statin therapy with regular follow-up after every 6 months. Thus, the cascade filtration technique is a safe and effective treatment option for removing the undesired lipoproteins.
Longitudinal predictors of reading achievement among at-risk children

Early exposure to multiple risk factors is related to an elevated risk for academic difficulty. Thus, it is important to promote academic resilience as early as possible and to identify factors that support resilience. Given the positive relation between early literacy skills and later academic outcomes, examining resilience in reading is important. This study examined, first, whether the reading gap widens or narrows for below-average and above-average, at-risk children during the first four years of school; and, second, what protective factors predict reading achievement over time from kindergarten through the end of third grade. Results indicated that as a group, low-achieving children made smaller gains in reading than high-achieving children over the first four years of school. In addition, participation in center-based prekindergarten care, plus more access to books in the home, better interpersonal skills, and fewer poor physical conditions immediately surrounding elementary schools served as protective factors for at-risk children's early literacy development.
Security assessment of the electricity infrastructure under terrorism

The electrical network is a critical infrastructure which is highly interconnected and strongly interdependent on other basic infrastructures on which basic human activities depend. As a result, this network is often targeted by terrorist attacks. The occurrence of events (that may affect the system) due to terrorism must be considered in power system security assessment. In this way, proper decisions in the planning and operation of the power system can be taken so that an appropriate balance between operative cost and robustness in the case that a terrorist act affects the system can be reached. In this paper we present a methodology that enables us to assess the power system security with regard to the possibility of terrorist acts, considering also the uncertainties associated with load and generation. The method is a validated Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) nine-bus test system, taking as an example the terrorism conditions of the Colombian electricity infrastructure.
Astragaloside IV Improves Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelium Dysfunction in Fructose-Fed Rats

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased in modern society and the condition is proving to be a common precursor of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether astragaloside IV, a major active constituent of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. , is able to prevent the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in fructose-fed rats. Rats were fed with 10% fructose in their drinking water for 8 weeks. From the beginning of week 5, two groups of fructose-fed rats were treated with 0.5 or 2 mg/kg, i.p., astragaloside IV. Another group of fructose-fed rats, injected with the same volume of vehicle (dimethylsulfoxide, DMSO) from week 5, served as the control group. At the end of the treatment period, blood pressure, blood glucose, glucose tolerance, blood insulin and lipids were determined. In addition, in vitro experiments were conducted at the end of the eight week treatment period to evaluate endothelium-dependent aortic vasorelaxation, as well as myocardial and aortic tissue levels of nitrate and nitrite (NOx) and cGMP. Fructose-fed rats developed clustering signs of metabolic syndrome, such as increased bodyweight, mild hypertension, hyperinsulinaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Administration of astragaloside IV reduced blood pressure and triglyceride levels in fructose-fed rats and high dose of astragaloside IV also improved glucose tolerance and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. The astragaloside IV-induced improvement in vasorelaxation was associated with increased levels of aortic NOx and cGMP and was abrogated by blockade of nitric oxide synthase with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). On the basis of its favourable effects on lipid metabolism, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and the nitric oxide-cGMP-related pathway, astragaloside IV may be useful in ameliorating food-induced metabolic syndrome.
An attributional analysis of college students' resistance decisions

This investigation examined college students’ resistance decisions in the classroom. Initial validational tests of the resistance typology developed by Burroughs, Kearney, and Plax (1989) confirmed the existence of all 19 categories. Further analyses indicated that the categories could be meaningfully reduced to two dimensions of techniques: Teacher‐Owned (teacher is at fault) and Student‐Owned (student assumes responsibility). Relying on attribution theory and problem ownership, we tested the centrality of teacher immediacy as the primary attribute for students’ resistance decisions. Results from analyses of quantitative and qualitative data indicated that students reported a greater likelihood of using teacher‐owned techniques with nonimmediate teachers and student‐owned strategies with immediate teachers. Neither teachers’ compliance‐gaining strategy type (prosocial/ antisocial) nor students’ gender contributed to students’ resistance decisions. Implications for the classroom are discussed.
A Systems Approach to Predict Oncometabolites via Context-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Networks

Altered metabolism in cancer cells has been viewed as a passive response required for a malignant transformation. However, this view has changed through the recently described metabolic oncogenic factors: mutated isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and fumarate hydratase (FH) that produce oncometabolites that competitively inhibit epigenetic regulation. In this study, we demonstrate in silico predictions of oncometabolites that have the potential to dysregulate epigenetic controls in nine types of cancer by incorporating massive scale genetic mutation information (collected from more than 1,700 cancer genomes), expression profiling data, and deploying Recon 2 to reconstruct context-specific genome-scale metabolic models. Our analysis predicted 15 compounds and 24 substructures of potential oncometabolites that could result from the loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations of metabolic enzymes, respectively. These results suggest a substantial potential for discovering unidentified oncometabolites in various forms of cancers.
Comparison of liver resection and transplantation for Child-pugh A cirrhotic patient with very early hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of liver transplantation and resection for very early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, ≤ 2 cm) patients with Child-pugh A liver function and portal hypertension. Methods: From 2008 to 2013, 38 patients with Child-pugh class A liver function and portal hypertension were diagnosed as very early HCC, of whom 13 patients who received liver transplantation and 25 patients underwent liver resection. We compared the preoperative characteristics, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of two group. Results: The baseline characteristics of two groups were similar. No perioperative mortality and liver failure were observed in both groups. The 1-, 3- and 5-year RFS rates of patients received liver resection and liver transplantation were 92.3%, 92.3% 92.3% and 92.0%, 71.7% and 64.5% respectively (P=0.140). The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of two groups were also similar (100%, 91.7% and 91.7% for group T versus 100%, 93.3% and 93.3% for group R, P=0.695). Conclusion: Liver resection can offer satisfactory outcomes for very early HCC patients with well liver function and portal hypertension and should be considered as the first line choice for selected patients.
Toward a New Process-Based Indicator for Measuring Writing Fluency: Evidence from L2 Writers' Think-Aloud Protocols

This article reports on a study aimed at testing the hypothesis that, because of strategic and temporal variables, composing rate and text quantity may not be valid measures of writing fluency. A second objective was to validate the mean length of writers' translating episodes as a process-based indicator that mirrors their fluent written production rather than the factors that may be related to it. The translating episode is defined as any chunk that has been written down and terminated by a pause of three or more seconds or by any composing behaviour. Data for the study were drawn from the think-aloud protocols generated by 30 Egyptian university students writing in their second language (L2) and from their retrospective interviews. To examine the validity of the three indicators, the participants' composing rates, text quantity, and translating episodes were related to their scores on an argumentative writing task and on three linguistic tests. The results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses confirm the hypothesis tested and provide evidence for the validity of this newly developed indicator of writing fluency. Implications and suggestions for further research are presented. Resume: Cet article rapporte les resultats d'une etude visant a tester l'hypothese que, du fait de variables strategiques et temporelles, le rythme de composition et la longueur du texte redige ne sont peut-etre pas des mesures valides des competences a l'ecrit ; un autre objectif de la recherche decrite dans cet article etait de valider la longueur moyenne des episodes de traduction, chez les redacteurs, a titre d'indice du processus d'ecriture refletant leurs competences en expression ecrite, plutot que les facteurs qui y sont relies. Un episode de traduction est defini comme tout segment qui a ete ecrit puis interrompu par une pause de trois secondes ou plus ou par tout comportement de composition. Les donnees ont ete recueillies aupres de 30 etudiants egyptiens au niveau universitaire, qui ont effectue des reflexions a voix haute pendant qu'ils redigeaient dans leur langue seconde et qui ont participe a des entrevues retrospectives. Pour evaluer la validite des trois indices, le rythme de composition, la longueur du texte redige et les episodes de traduction ont ete mis en relation avec les scores qu'ont obtenus les participants dans une tâche de redaction argumentative et dans trois tests de langue. Les resultats des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives confirment l'hypothese qui a ete testee et ils attestent de la validite de ce nouvel indice des competences en expression ecrite. L'article se termine par une discussion des implications de cette etude et des suggestions de recherche.
Multi-Product Price and Assortment Competition

We address a generic price competition model in an industry with an arbitrary number of competitors, each offering all or a subset of a given line of N products. The products are substitutes in the sense that the demand volume of each product weakly increases whenever the price of another product increases. The cost structure is linear, with arbitrary cost rates. Our demand model is the unique regular extension of a set of demand functions that are affine in a limited polyhedral subset of the price space. A set of demand functions is regular if it satisfies the following conditions: Under any given price vector, when some product is priced out of the market, i.e., has zero demand, any increase of its price has no impact on the demand volumes. Depending on the set of prices selected by the competing firms, a different product assortment is offered in the market. We characterize the equilibrium prices, product assortment, and sales volumes in the price competition model, under this demand model. Under minimal conditions, we show that a pure Nash equilibrium always exists; while multiple price equilibria may arise, they are equivalent in the sense of generating an identical product assortment and sales volumes. Subject classifications: games/group decisions: noncooperative; marketing: competitive strategy; pricing. Area of review: Operations and Supply Chains.
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: effect of warm ischemia on serum creatinine.

PURPOSE Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been shown to be a safe and effective option for small renal tumors. However, limited data are available regarding the effect of warm ischemic time on postoperative renal function. We assessed the effect of variable durations of warm ischemia on long-term renal function in patients undergoing LPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 118 patients with a single, unilateral, sporadic renal tumor and normal contralateral kidney underwent LPN from August 1998 to November 2002. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on warm ischemic time, namely group 1-no renal occlusion in 42, group 2-warm ischemia less than 30 minutes in 48 and group 3-warm ischemia greater than 30 minutes in 28. All 3 groups were assessed for changes in serum creatinine 6 months after LPN. Additionally, renal remnants were examined with cross-sectional imaging. RESULTS At a median followup of 28 months (range 6 to 56) median creatinine had not statistically increased postoperatively. None of the 118 patients progressed to renal insufficiency or required dialysis after LPN. CONCLUSIONS Based on postoperative serum creatinine warm ischemia time up to 55 minutes does not significantly influence long-term renal function after LPN. Thus, during LPN efforts to minimize warm ischemia are important but they should not jeopardize cancer control, hemostasis or collecting system closure.