Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Power System Coherent Bus Groups by Novel Sensitivity-Based Method for Voltage Stability Assessment

This paper presents a method that is used to determine the coherent bus groups of a system with similar reactive reserve basins. The differences between this proposed method and another widely accepted voltage stability analysis method are highlighted, and results obtained from the proposed method are discussed. This method is more efficient and requires comparatively less VQ curve computations. Definitions are proposed for the categorization of buses by the cause of their loading limitation. Results obtained from the test systems support the method's validity and the validity of the bus categories proposed. By determining the reactive reserve margin, it is possible to determine which generators will have an impact on the maximum permissible loading of a bus and which will not. This information is particularly useful for performing voltage stability analysis.
Mcl-1 Is a Key Regulator of Apoptosis Resistance in Chlamydia trachomatis-Infected Cells

Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria that cause variety of human diseases. Host cells infected with Chlamydia are protected against many different apoptotic stimuli. The induction of apoptosis resistance is thought to be an important immune escape mechanism allowing Chlamydia to replicate inside the host cell. Infection with C. trachomatis activates the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Here we show that inhibition of these two pathways by chemical inhibitors sensitized C. trachomatis infected cells to granzyme B-mediated cell death. Infection leads to the Raf/MEK/ERK-mediated up-regulation and PI3K-dependent stabilization of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member Mcl-1. Consistently, interfering with Mcl-1 up-regulation sensitized infected cells for apoptosis induced via the TNF receptor, DNA damage, granzyme B and stress. Our data suggest that Mcl-1 up-regulation is primarily required to maintain apoptosis resistance in C. trachomatis-infected cells.
Role of DNA Polymerase IV in Escherichia coli SOS Mutator Activity

ABSTRACT Constitutive expression of the SOS regulon in Escherichia coli recA730 strains leads to a mutator phenotype (SOS mutator) that is dependent on DNA polymerase V (umuDC gene product). Here we show that a significant fraction of this effect also requires DNA polymerase IV (dinB gene product).
Casein Kinase 1 and Phosphorylation of Cohesin Subunit Rec11 (SA3) Promote Meiotic Recombination through Linear Element Formation

Proper meiotic chromosome segregation, essential for sexual reproduction, requires timely formation and removal of sister chromatid cohesion and crossing-over between homologs. Early in meiosis cohesins hold sisters together and also promote formation of DNA double-strand breaks, obligate precursors to crossovers. Later, cohesin cleavage allows chromosome segregation. We show that in fission yeast redundant casein kinase 1 homologs, Hhp1 and Hhp2, previously shown to regulate segregation via phosphorylation of the Rec8 cohesin subunit, are also required for high-level meiotic DNA breakage and recombination. Unexpectedly, these kinases also mediate phosphorylation of a different meiosis-specific cohesin subunit Rec11. This phosphorylation in turn leads to loading of linear element proteins Rec10 and Rec27, related to synaptonemal complex proteins of other species, and thereby promotes DNA breakage and recombination. Our results provide novel insights into the regulation of chromosomal features required for crossing-over and successful reproduction. The mammalian functional homolog of Rec11 (STAG3) is also phosphorylated during meiosis and appears to be required for fertility, indicating wide conservation of the meiotic events reported here.
A spliceosomal intron in Giardia lamblia

Short introns occur in numerous protist lineages, but there are no reports of intervening sequences in the protists Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis, which may represent the deepest known branches in the eukaryotic line of descent. We have discovered a 35-bp spliceosomal intron in a gene encoding a putative [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin of G. lamblia. The Giardia intron contains a canonical splice site at its 3′ end (AG), a noncanonical splice site at its 5′ end (CT), and a branch point sequence that fits the yeast consensus sequence of TACTAAC except for the first nucleotide (AACTAAC). We have also identified several G. lamblia genes with spliceosomal peptides, including homologues of eukaryote-specific spliceosomal peptides (Prp8 and Prp11), several DExH-box RNA-helicases that have homologues in eubacteria, but serve essential functions in the splicing of introns in eukaryotes, and 11 predicted archaebacteria-like Sm and like-Sm core peptides, which coat small nuclear RNAs. Phylogenetic analyses show the Giardia Sm core peptides are the products of multiple, ancestral gene duplications followed by divergence, but they retain strong similarity to Sm and like-Sm peptides of other eukaryotes. Although we have documented only a single intron in Giardia, it likely has other introns and fully functional, spliceosomal machinery. If introns were added during eukaryotic evolution (the introns-late hypothesis), then these results push back the date of this event before the branching of G. lamblia.
Mood and persuasion: independent effects of affect before and after message processing.

THE PRESENCE OF POSITIVE AFFECT during the encoding of a per­ suasive message results in a weaker effect of argument strength on attitudes than the presence of negative affect does; this pattern is reversed, however, when mood is present at judgment (Bless, Mackie , & Schwarz, 1992). These findings can both be explained by the notion that positive mood reduces systematic processing, whereas negativ e mood enhances it (Schwarz, Bless, & Bohner, 1991). Thus, the presence of positive mood during encoding should decrease message elaboration and thereby reduce the impact of argument strength on subsequent judgments (petty & Cacioppo, 1986). In contrast, positive mood during judgment should facilitate the recall of a simplified representation of the message, whereas negative mood during judgment should facilitate the recall of a detailed representation of the message. The former process is likely to result in more extreme judgments (LinviIIe & Jones, 1980); thus, judgments that are made in a positive mood should reflect argu­ ment strength to a greater degree than judgments that are made in a nega­ tive mood. In the present study we further explored the effects of mood on elabora­ tion and judgment, using a different persuasive message and two neutral­ mood control conditions. The subjects were 104 students at the University of Mannheim, Germany. The design was a 2 X 2 X 2 (Time of Mood Induction: exposure, judgment X Mood: happy, sad X Arguments: strong, weak) facto­ rial, plus two control conditions. To induce mood we asked the subjects in
Coordination of membrane events during autophagy by multiple class III PI3-kinase complexes

Autophagy or “self-eating” is a highly conserved pathway that enables cells to degrade pieces of themselves in autolysosomes to enable their survival in times of stress, including nutrient deprivation. The formation of these degradative compartments requires cytosolic proteins, some of which are autophagy specific, as well as intracellular organelles, such as the ER and Golgi, and the endosome–lysosome system. Here we discuss the cross talk between autophagy and intracellular compartments, highlighting recent exciting data about the role and regulation of the Vps34 class III phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase in autophagy.
Risk perception of sexually transmitted infections and HIV in Nigerian commercial sex workers in Barcelona: a qualitative study

Objective This study aimed to determine in detail the risk perception of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV, and the contextual circumstances, in Nigerian commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Barcelona. Design A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Setting Raval area in Barcelona. Participants 8 CSWs working in Barcelona. Methods A phenomenological study was carried out with Nigerian CSWs in Barcelona. Sampling was theoretical, taking into account: different age ranges; women with and without a partner; women with and without children; and women participating or not in STI/HIV-prevention workshops. Information was obtained by means of eight semistructured individual interviews. An interpretative content analysis was conducted by four analysts. Results Illegal immigrant status, educational level, financial situation and work, and cultural context had mixed effects on CSW knowledge of, exposure to, and prevention and treatment of STI and HIV. CSWs were aware of the higher risk of STI associated with their occupation. They identified condoms as the best preventive method and used them during intercourse with clients. They also implemented other preventive behaviours such as personal hygiene after intercourse. Control of sexual services provided, health education and healthcare services had a positive effect on decreasing exposure and better management of STI/HIV. Conclusions Nigerian CSWs are a vulnerable group because of their poor socioeconomic status. The perception of risk in this group and their preventive behaviours are based on personal determinants, beliefs and experiences from their home country and influences from the host country. Interventions aimed at CSWs must address knowledge gaps, risk behaviours and structural elements.
The penetration of ornithine and citrulline into liver slices.

2. One method is based on condensation with ethyl acetoacetate in 2N-NaOH to form a product which gives a red colour with Ehrlich's reagent (p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde). 3. The other method is a modification of the Jaff6 picrate reaction and depends on the reaction of an alkaline picrate complex of ALA with HCI to give an orange-red colour. 4. The effects of varying different factors in the determination, specificity and application to biological materials are described for both methods. I wish to thank Professor A. Neuberger, F.R. S. , for his valuable advice and interest in this work, and for the hospitality of his laboratory; Dr J. J. Scott for providing many of the compounds tested in these assays; Mr B. L. Wright, Mr F. Grover andMr 0. Hill for technical assistance.
Superparamagnetic States and Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Ultrathin MgO/CoFeB/Ta Structures

High perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) has been observed in MgO/CoFeB/Ta thin films if the thickness of CoFeB is in the range between 1.1 and 1.5 nm. However, both the coercivity and remanence vanish when the thickness of CoFeB is less than 1.1 nm, indicating a characteristic of superparamagnetic state. The magnetization versus external field of these thinner films shows a fit with a Langevin model. In addition, a temperature dependent study identifies a blocking temperature of 160 K by field cool and zero field cool measurements. The particle size of ~ 23 nm in diameter is estimated for a pancake shape cluster and the small particles are probably formed at the CoFeB/MgO interface at the beginning of the growth. Moreover, even the thicker films, which show ferromagnetic response at room temperature, also exhibit the temperature-dependent characteristic of superparamagnetic state due to the pinning at the edge of the small particles.
Motivation and attitudes toward foreign language learning as socio-politically mediated constructs: The case of Korean high school students

This paper investigates socio-political aspects of English as a foreign language (EFL) learning motivation and attitudes toward Americans and toward English learning among Korean high school students. I analyzed the nature of situation-specific language learning motivation and attitudes among 364 Korean high school students who completed questionnaires about EFL learning and an English proficiency test. Factor analyses revealed seven motivational factors, including a situation-specific competitive motivation across gender and age groups. This debilitative motivation might have been due to the negative washback of the nation-wide high-stakes test of college admission. A negative correlation was identified between the attitudes toward Americans and English proficiency, which might be attributed to antiAmerican sentiment among young Koreans. The results suggest that EFL motivation should be considered as a dynamic construct reflecting the socio-political dimensions of Korean EFL learners’ educational contexts.
Incidence Trends in Thailand , 1989-2000

Through 2004, four cancer registries in Thailand have been operating for over ten years. Although the Lampang registry has not completed ten years of activity, it retrospectively collected the data from 1989. Three-year cancer incidence in Thailand, covering the years 1989-1997, has been reported in three publications since 1993 (Vatanasapt et al., 1993; Deerasamee et al., 1999; Sriplung et al., 2003), as well as in published literature (Vatanasapt et al., 1995; Deerasamee et al., 2001; Sriplung et al., 2005). In the third volume of Cancer in Thailand, the incidence rates of cancer during 1998-2000 from Chiang Mai, Lampang, Khon Kaen, and Songkhla were also shown. This enables projection of national cancer trends beyond the year 2000 from cancer incidence in the past decade. There have been many changes in environmental and life-style factors in the Thai population. The momentum of change has been moving from the capital, Bangkok, to big Cancer Incidence Trends in Thailand, 1989-2000
Middle School Principals' Responses to Bullying: Comparing School Bullying Incidents and Their Perceived Seriousness

Research on principals’ perceptions and responses to school bullying is scarce. This study investigated the perceptions of seven middle school principals and their responses to six hypothetical vignettes depicting incidents of physical, verbal, or relational bullying. During interviews, respondents were asked to rate the seriousness of each incident and describe how they would respond. Respondents rated all the incidents, regardless of the form of bullying, as moderately serious, serious, or very serious. When asked to describe how they would respond to incidents, all responded they would take action (e.g., consequences for the instigator, interventions to change the behavior of the instigator, support for the target). State statute on bullying, school anti-bullying policies, past experience with bullying, and a belief that students deserve to feel safe were key to guiding their responses. The principals recognized that bullying occurred on their campuses but indicated that incidents were minimized as a result of their strong school anti-bullying polices and a belief that no form of bullying was to be tolerated on their
Ram-pressure stripping of disc galaxies orbiting in clusters – II. Galactic wakes

We present 3D hydrodynamical simulations of ram-pressure stripping of a disc galaxy orbiting in a galaxy cluster. In this paper, we focus on the properties of the galaxies' tails of stripped gas. The galactic wakes show a flaring width, where the flaring angle depends on the gas disc's cross-section with respect to the galaxy's direction of motion. The velocity in the wakes shows a significant turbulent component of a few x 100 km s -1 . The stripped gas is deposited in the cluster rather locally, i.e. within ∼150 kpc from where it was stripped. We demonstrate that the most important quantity governing the tail density, length and gas mass distribution along the orbit is the galaxy's mass-loss per orbital length. This in turn depends on the ram pressure as well as the galaxy's orbital velocity. For a sensitivity limit of ∼10 19 cm -2 in projected gas density, we find typical tail lengths of 40 kpc. Such long tails are seen even at large distances (0.5 to 1 Mpc) from the cluster centre. At this sensitivity limit, the tails show little flaring, but a width similar to the gas disc's size. Morphologically, we find good agreement with the H I tails observed in the Virgo cluster by Chung et al. 2007. However, the observed tails show a much smaller velocity width than predicted from the simulation. The few known X-ray and Ha tails are generally much narrower and much straighter than the tails in our simulations. Thus, additional physics like a viscous intracluster medium (ICM), the influence of cooling and tidal effects may be needed to explain the details of the observations. We discuss the hydrodynamical drag as a heat source for the ICM but conclude that it is not likely to play an important role, especially not in stopping cooling flows.
Mobile Malware Detection in the Real World

Several works in literature address the mobile malware detection problem by classifying features obtained from real world application and using well-known machine-learning techniques. Several authors have published empirical studies aimed at assessing the quality of set of features. In this paper we propose BehaveYourself! , an Android application able to discriminate a trusted application by a malicious one extracting opcode-based features. Our application is open and flexible: it can be used as a starting point to define, and experiment with, additional features. We release BehaveYourself! to the research community at the following url: http://www.ing. unisannio.it/cimitile/BehaveYourself.apk.
Despistagem da dislexia em adultos através do questionário história de leitura = Adult dyslexia screening using a portuguese self-report measure

Empirical research has shown that self-report measures on reading history can be both reliable and valid in identifying adult dyslexics. Such measures can be very useful for population screening in countries where there is no established diagnosis of adult dyslexia. Here, we propose a Portuguese adaptation of the Adult Reading History Questionnaire (Lefly & Pennington, 2000), and present a study in which some psychometric properties of the Portuguese questionnaire (Questionário História de Leitura, QHL) were addressed. Three adult groups comprised of two adult school groups, and a third clinical group, answered the QHL questionnaire and completed a spelling task. Results have shown that QHL items had high internal consistency, and that questionnaire scores discriminate the studied groups. Also, a moderate correlation was found between QHL and the spelling task. These results give support the use of QHL as tool for dyslexia screening.
Reduced training intensities and loss of aerobic power, endurance, and cardiac growth.

Twelve subjects participated in an exercise program of cycling and running 40 min/day, 6 days/wk. After 10 wk, they continued to train with either a one-third or two-thirds reduction in work rates for an additional 15 wk. Frequency and duration for the additional training remained the same as during the 10 wk of training. The average increases in maximum O2 uptake (VO2 max) were between 11 and 20% when measured during cycling and treadmill running after 10 wk of training. VO2 max was not maintained at the 6-day/wk training levels with a one-third reduction in training intensity but was still higher than pretraining levels. With a two-thirds reduction in intensity, VO2 max declined to an even greater extent than with the one-third reduction. Short-term endurance (approximately 5 min) was maintained in the one-third reduced group but was markedly reduced in the two-thirds reduced group. Long-term endurance was decreased significantly from training by 21% in the one-third reduced group (184-145 min) and by 30% in the two-thirds reduced group (202-141 min). Calculated left ventricular mass, obtained from echocardiographic measurements, increased approximately 15% after training but returned to control levels after reduced training in both groups. These results demonstrate that training intensity is an essential requirement for maintaining the increased aerobic power and cardiac enlargement with reduced training. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comparison of the BD GeneOhm VanR Assay to Culture for Identification of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Rectal and Stool Specimens

ABSTRACT Active screening for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in rectal and stool specimens has been recommended to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance within certain high-risk populations. Directly from 502 rectal swabs and stool specimens, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the BD GeneOhm VanR assay (BD GeneOhm, San Diego, CA), a rapid real-time PCR test that detects the presence of vanA and/or vanB genes. The VanR assay was compared to culture consisting of both bile-esculin-azide agar with 6 μg/ml vancomycin (BEAV agar) (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD) and BEAV broth with 8 μg/ml vancomycin (Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA). Enterococci were identified to the species level using standard biochemical tests and a Phoenix automated microbiology system (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD). The susceptibility of the enterococci to vancomycin and teicoplanin was determined using an Etest (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden). VRE were initially isolated from 147 cultures, and the VanR assay detected 142 of the 147 positive cultures for a sensitivity of 96.6%. The specificity was 87.0% (309/355) largely due to false positives seen with the vanB portion of the assay. The sensitivity when testing rectal swabs was 98.3%, and the sensitivity for stool samples was 95.4% (P = 0.643). The specificity of rectal swabs was comparable to that of the stool specimens (87.5% and 86.5%, respectively). When used only to detect VanA resistance, the VanR assay was 94.4% (136/144) sensitive and 96.4% (345/358) specific, with positive and negative predictive values of 91.3% and 97.7%, respectively. In summary, the BD GeneOhm VanR assay is a good screening test for VRE in our population of predominantly vanA-colonized patients. However, patient samples testing only vanB positive should be confirmed by another method for the presence of VRE.
End Turn Leakage Reactance of Concentrated Modular Winding Stators

When considering common methods of calculating the end turn reactance of concentrated modular windings, significant effects are seen due to the presence of core iron that are not accounted for in many methods. Experimental study and 3-D Finite Element work is carried out to accurately model end turn reactance. A method of accurately predicting end turn reactance with significantly reduced solving and modeling time is developed and tested against experimental results. A parameterized equation is then developed allowing the calculation of end turn reactance for any concentrated modular winding configuration within the prescribed limits. Finally, a method of reducing end turn reactance through the use of concentric coils is developed.