Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Workplace Parent Management Training on Marital and Job Satisfaction among Iranian Working Parents

Abstract Background: Shifting the focus of PMT to parents and discussing implications for maximizing the outcomes of PMT for the entire family is new and promising. Objective: We aimed to examine the efficacy of work place parent management training (PMT) on job and marital satisfaction among staff members of an academic center. Methods: We held eight PMT sessions (1.5 hour each) for 20 staff members who were parents to children in the age range of 2 to 12 years. Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Occupational Descriptive Index (HSE) were used for baseline and post-intervention data gathering. DAS higher scores indicate higher marital adjustment satisfaction and higher HSE scores indicate higher occupational stress. To analyze changes in HSE and DAS scores over time paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used respectively. Results: All DAS sub-scales increased from baseline to the final session except for affectional expression which was not significant. We found no significant changes in total or sub-scale HSE scores among participants. Conclusion: Findings of the present study underscore the role of psycho-education usage in work environment and provide evidence about the importance of designing interventions concerning working parents. Implications of parent management training are discussed in the text.
Meaning and interpretation in organizations

COMMUNICATION AND ORGANIZATIONS: AN INTERPRETIVE APPROACH. Edited by Linda Putnam and Michael E. Pacanowsky. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1983. pp. 303. paper $14.95. ORGANIZATIONAL SYMBOLISM. Edited by Louis R. Pondy, Peter J. Frost, Gareth Morgan, and Thomas C. Dandridge. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1983. pp. xvii + 307. $24.75. ADVANCES IN INFORMATION PROCESSING IN ORGANIZATIONS, VOL. I. Edited by Lee S. Sproull and Patrick D. Larkey. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1984. pp. ix + 171. $24.75.
Kinetic Modeling of 3′-Deoxy-3′-18F-Fluorothymidine for Quantitative Cell Proliferation Imaging in Subcutaneous Tumor Models in Mice

3′-Deoxy-3′-18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) is a thymidine analog that was developed for measuring tumor proliferation with PET. The aim of this study was to establish a kinetic modeling analysis method for quantitative 18F-FLT PET studies in subcutaneous tumor models in mice. Methods: To explore the validity of an image-derived left ventricular input function, we measured equilibrium constants for plasma and whole blood and metabolite fractions in blood after 18F-FLT injection. In parallel, dynamic 18F-FLT PET scans were acquired in 24 mice with a small-animal dedicated PET scanner to compare arterial blood activities obtained by PET and blood sampling. We then investigated kinetic models for 18F-FLT in human epithelial carcinoma (A431) and Lewis lung carcinoma tumor models in mice. Three-compartment models with reversible phosphorylation (k4 ≠ 0, 3C5P) and irreversible phosphorylation (k4 = 0, 3C4P) and a 2-compartment model (2C3P) were examined. The Akaike information criterion and F statistics were used to select the best model for the dataset. Gjedde–Patlak graphic analysis was performed, and standardized uptake values in the last frame were calculated for comparison purposes. In addition, quantitative PET parameters were compared with Ki-67 immunostaining results. Results: 18F-FLT equilibrated rapidly (within 30 s) between plasma and whole blood, and metabolite fractions were negligible during PET scans. A high correlation between arterial blood sampling and PET data was observed. For 120-min dynamic PET data, the 3C5P model best described tissue time–activity curves for tumor regions. The net influx of 18F-FLT (KFLT) and k3 obtained with this model showed reasonable intersubject variability and discrimination ability for tumor models with different proliferation properties. The KFLT obtained from the 60- or 90-min data correlated well with that obtained from the 120-min data as well as with the Ki-67 results. Conclusion: The image-derived arterial input function was found to be feasible for kinetic modeling studies of 18F-FLT PET in mice, and kinetic modeling analysis with an adequate compartment model provided reliable kinetic parameters for measuring tumor proliferation.
Nanostructured RFID technology: Attack-response and temperature-robustness investigations

Intensive experimental investigations on a newly-proposed Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology are presented. This RFID technology is based on physical one-way functions or so-called Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs). It is mainly intended to provide some means for securing electronic chips using a simple method carried out during chip fabrication process. An RF passive device is utilized to generate such PUFs (or fingerprints) using near-field scattering information. Such device is meant to be an experimental prototype for verifying the functionality of the concept preceding the on-chip implementation stage. Temperature measurements are performed from -20°C up to 70°C in order to check system reliability under diverse environmental conditions. Attack-response is also investigated to check its capability of resisting physical tampering. Promising results are obtained in the frequency range of 10 MHz up to 15 GHz which verifies the reliability of the proposed technique.
CT-guided transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy of pulmonary nodules: needle size and pneumothorax rate.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of coaxial needle size on pneumothorax rate and the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy (TNAB) of pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective review of 846 consecutive CT-guided TNAB procedures was performed. A coaxial approach was implemented in all patients by using an 18- or 19-gauge outer stabilizing needle through which a smaller aspiration needle or automated biopsy gun was inserted for tissue sampling. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze coaxial needle size, age, sex, smoking history, lesion size, use of an automated core biopsy gun, number of needle passes, and frequency of chest tube placement. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated for 676 patients with at least 18 months of clinical follow-up. RESULTS Pneumothorax occurred in 226 of 846 patients. Coaxial needle size and patient age had a significant effect on pneumothorax rate. Pneumothorax occurred in 124 (38%) of 324 patients who underwent procedures with 18-gauge needles and in 121 (23%) of 522 patients who underwent procedures with 19-gauge needles (P <.001). The overall diagnostic accuracy was 96% for procedures performed with 18-gauge needles and 92% for procedures performed with 19-gauge needles, with a sensitivity of 95% and 89% and a specificity of 100% and 99%, respectively. Pneumothorax occurred in 153 patients older than 60 years, in 99 patients 60 years and younger (P <.02), in 90 patients older than 70 years, and in 162 patients younger than 70 years (P <.01). The relationship between pneumothorax rate and age as a continuous distribution was not significant (P <.07), nor were the 50- or 75-year age cutoffs (P <.06 and P <.9, respectively). CONCLUSION Use of a smaller coaxial stabilizing needle produces a substantially decreased risk of pneumothorax with comparable diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for histopathologic diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: MAKING THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL CONNECTIONS

Previous research has established links between employee attitudes and customer satisfaction. Little theory has been used to help explain and build on the results of these studies. A theoretical model of the employee attitude-customer satisfaction process is proposed based on Bagozzi's (1992) model of attitudes, intentions and behavior. Employee attitudes and intentions, and customer satisfaction data from a service-oriented organization with 160 offices is used to provide an initial test of the usefulness of the model. Cross-validations of the model with and without common method variance were conducted. The results provide strong support for the model. Suggestions are offered on extensions of the model in future research.
Pathogen yield and antimicrobial resistance patterns of chronic rhinosinusitis patients presenting to a tertiary rhinology centre.

OBJECTIVES To examine the yield and resistance profile of pathogens in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients receiving culture-directed management and to pay particular attention to the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in this population. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of a CRS microbiology database. PARTICIPANTS Consecutive CRS patients seen at the St. Paul's Sinus Centre between June 2007 and August 2008. SETTING Canadian tertiary sinus centre. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE To determine the pathogens isolated, the frequency of these pathogens, and their resistance profiles. RESULTS The most common bacterial pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, accounting for 39% of cultured samples, followed by Haemophilus influenzae (29%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (12%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (11%). Only three cases of MRSA were found, one in a patient with cystic fibrosis. CONCLUSION MRSA does not appear to pose a significant risk of morbidity in our patient population. However, ongoing concern regarding the increasing prevalence of S. aureus and antimicrobial resistance in chronic sinonasal disease highlights the importance of using culture-directed antimicrobial therapy with the goal of minimizing future resistance patterns.
Utility of overnight pulse oximetry and heart rate variability analysis to screen for sleep-disordered breathing in chronic heart failure

Background Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is under diagnosed in chronic heart failure (CHF). Screening with simple monitors may increase detection of SDB in a cardiology setting. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of heart rate variability analysis and overnight pulse oximetry for diagnosis of SDB in patients with CHF. Methods 180 patients with CHF underwent simultaneous polysomnography, ambulatory electrocardiography and wrist-worn overnight pulse oximetry. SDB was defined as an apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥15/h. To identify SDB from the screening tests, the per cent very low frequency increment (%VLFI) component of heart rate variability was measured with a pre-specified cutoff ≥2.23%, and the 3% oxygen desaturation index was measured with a pre-specified cutoff >7.5 desaturations/h. Results 173 patients with CHF had adequate sleep study data; SDB occurred in 77 (45%) patients. Heart rate variability was measurable in 78 (45%) patients with area under the %VLFI receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.50. At the ≥2.23% cutoff, %VLFI sensitivity was 58% and specificity was 48%. The 3% oxygen desaturation index was measurable in 171 (99%) patients with area under the curve of 0.92. At the pre-specified cutoff of >7.5 desaturations/h, the 3% oxygen desaturation index had a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 32%, negative likelihood ratio of 0.08 and positive likelihood ratio of 1.42. Diagnostic accuracy was increased using a cutoff of 12.5 desaturations/h, with sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 73%. Conclusions The high sensitivity and low negative likelihood ratio of the 3% oxygen desaturation index indicates that pulse oximetry would be of use as a simple screening test to rule out SDB in patients with CHF in a cardiology setting. The %VLFI component of heart rate variability is not suitable for detection of SDB in CHF.
Constructing the color-blind classroom: teachers’ perspectives on race and schooling

The purpose of this study is to explore teachers’ attitudes towards race and schooling, and the ways in which they ‘do’ race in contemporary ‘color-blind’ learning environments where social location is not believed to exert any meaningful influence on students’ potential for success. Data for this study were gathered through observations and in-depth interviews of teachers in a primarily white elementary school, a primarily Hispanic elementary school, and a primarily African American elementary school, all within the same school district north of Chicago. This research finds that in an era of post-racial politics, teachers regularly make use of color-blind ideologies in order to support their understandings of race and schooling. Further, these ideologies underlie the widespread adoption of the social equality maxim, and reflect and sustain the creation of color-blind classrooms.
External Corporate Governance and Strategic Investment Behaviors of Target CEOs

Hostile takeover attempts are considered a key external governance mechanism aimed at addressing perceived managerial underperformance in a target firm. Studies show that target chief executive officers (CEOs) are usually dismissed shortly after a takeover attempt, regardless of whether the bidder actually completes the acquisition. Yet, little is known about the investment behaviors of target CEOs who actually retain their positions in the wake of an unsuccessful hostile takeover attempt. Engaging with this underexplored governance context, we advance a behaviorally informed model of CEO investment behaviors in response to external governance as a function of the negative performance feedback event of the takeover attempt and the timing of the market’s attempt in terms of the stage of the target CEO’s tenure. Based on a matched-pair study of 71 failed takeover attempts from 1995 to 2006, we find evidence of a nonlinear relation between target CEO tenure and degree of uncertainty of expected returns in subsequent strategic investments in the wake of a failed hostile takeover attempt. We discuss the implications for research on external governance, behavioral agency, and executives’ influences on firm processes and outcomes.
Transparency of Public Decision‐Making: Towards Trust in Local Government?

Online minutes of local councils offer the opportunity to look behind the scenes of local government decision-making. Will this transparency, as promised, lead to higher levels of trust? This issue was investigated by conducting an experiment comparing participants who did not access the available information, people who were only allowed restricted information about the minutes, and those who were shown the full minutes of the local council. Results indicated that people exposed to more information were significantly more negative regarding perceived competence of the council compared to those who did not access the available information. Additionally, participants who received only restricted information about the minutes thought the council was less honest compared to those who did not read them. The relationship between transparency and trust is influenced partly by the perceived credibility of the message on the website. Also, knowledge about the decision-making process appears to shift judgment criteria. People well informed about the process are inclined to base their judgment of perceived competence on this knowledge and less on message credibility. A theoretical explanation for the negative effect of transparency of public decision-making is sought in the expectations of the public versus the reality. A lower perceived competence by those who had access to full information might be explained by a gap between public expectations of rational decision-making and the reality of the chaos involved in public decision-making exposed through transparency.
Overproduction of the regulatory subunit of the cAMP‐dependent protein kinase blocks the differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum.

During the aggregation of Dictyostelium discoideum extracellular cAMP is known to act as a chemotractant and as an inducer of cellular differentiation. However, its intracellular role as a second messenger remains obscure. We have constructed a fusion gene consisting of the cDNA encoding the regulatory subunit (R) of the cAMP‐dependent protein kinase fused to the promoter and N‐terminal‐proximal sequences of a Dictyostelium actin gene. Stable transformants, containing multiple copies of this gene, overproduce the R subunit which accumulates prematurely relative to the endogenous protein. These transformants fail to aggregate. Detailed analysis has shown that they are blocked at interphase, the period prior to aggregation, and that they are severely defective in most responses to cAMP including the induction of gene expression. Our observations suggest that intracellular cAMP acts, presumably by activation of the catalytic subunit of the cAMP‐dependent protein kinase, to facilitate early development.
Monitoring of the spatial and temporal dynamics of BER/SSBR pathway proteins, including MYH, UNG2, MPG, NTH1 and NEIL1-3, during DNA replication

Abstract Base lesions in DNA can stall the replication machinery or induce mutations if bypassed. Consequently, lesions must be repaired before replication or in a post-replicative process to maintain genomic stability. Base excision repair (BER) is the main pathway for repair of base lesions and is known to be associated with DNA replication, but how BER is organized during replication is unclear. Here we coupled the iPOND (isolation of proteins on nascent DNA) technique with targeted mass-spectrometry analysis, which enabled us to detect all proteins required for BER on nascent DNA and to monitor their spatiotemporal orchestration at replication forks. We demonstrate that XRCC1 and other BER/single-strand break repair (SSBR) proteins are enriched in replisomes in unstressed cells, supporting a cellular capacity of post-replicative BER/SSBR. Importantly, we identify for the first time the DNA glycosylases MYH, UNG2, MPG, NTH1, NEIL1, 2 and 3 on nascent DNA. Our findings suggest that a broad spectrum of DNA base lesions are recognized and repaired by BER in a post-replicative process.
Understanding variable importances in forests of randomized trees

Despite growing interest and practical use in various scientific areas, variable importances derived from tree-based ensemble methods are not well understood from a theoretical point of view. In this work we characterize the Mean Decrease Impurity (MDI) variable importances as measured by an ensemble of totally randomized trees in asymptotic sample and ensemble size conditions. We derive a three-level decomposition of the information jointly provided by all input variables about the output in terms of i) the MDI importance of each input variable, ii) the degree of interaction of a given input variable with the other input variables, iii) the different interaction terms of a given degree. We then show that this MDI importance of a variable is equal to zero if and only if the variable is irrelevant and that the MDI importance of a relevant variable is invariant with respect to the removal or the addition of irrelevant variables. We illustrate these properties on a simple example and discuss how they may change in the case of non-totally randomized trees such as Random Forests and Extra-Trees.
Multivariate latent change modeling of developmental decline in academic intrinsic math motivation and achievement: Childhood through adolescence

Research has established that academic intrinsic motivation, enjoyment of school learning without receipt of external rewards, significantly declines across childhood through adolescence. Math intrinsic motivation evidences the most severe decline compared with other subject areas. This study addresses this developmental decline in math intrinsic motivation, and also serves as a resource for applied researchers by providing exemplary illustrations of approaches to longitudinal modeling. Using a multivariate latent change model, the longitudinal relationship between academic intrinsic math motivation and math achievement among participants (n = 114) aged 9—17 years was examined to explain this motivational decline. On average, both math motivation and achievement decreased over time. This study reveals that math achievement is a significant contributor to the developmental decline in intrinsic math motivation from childhood through adolescence. In addition, academic intrinsic math motivation was found to be related to initial and later levels of mathematics achievement. These findings enhance understanding of developmental processes whereby early motivation and achievement are related to subsequent declines in mathematics.
Reversal of Morphine Antinociceptive Tolerance and Dependence by the Acute Supraspinal Inhibition of Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II

Previous studies have suggested that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) can modulate opioid tolerance and dependence via its action on learning and memory. In this study, we examined whether CaMKII could directly regulate opioid tolerance and dependence. CaMKII activity was increased after the treatment with morphine (100 mg/kg s.c. or 75 mg s.c. of morphine/pellet/mouse); the effect exhibited a temporal correction with the development of opioid tolerance and dependence. In mice treated with morphine (100 mg/kg s.c.), morphine tolerance and dependence developed in 2 to 6 h. An acute supraspinal administration of KN93 [2-[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)]-N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)]amino-N-(4-chlorocinnamyl)-N-methylbenzylamine)], a CaMKII inhibitor, was able to dose-dependently reverse the already-established antinociceptive tolerance to morphine (p < 0.001 for 15-30 nmol; not significant for 5 nmol). KN92 [2-[N-(4-methoxybenzenesulfonyl)]amino-N-(4-chlorocinnamyl)-N-methylbenzylamine] (30 nmol i.c.v.), a kinase-inactive analog of KN93, did not affect opioid tolerance. Neither KN92 nor KN93 affected basal nociception or acute morphine antinociception (1-10 nmol i.c.v.). Likewise, dependence on morphine was abolished by the acute administration of KN93, but not KN92, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of mice with KN93 also prevented the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. The effect of acute CaMKII inhibition was not limited to the particular experimental model, because KN93 also acutely reversed the established opioid tolerance and dependence in mice treated with morphine (75 mg/pellet/mouse s.c.) for 6 days. Taken together, these data strongly support the hypothesis that CaMKII can act as a key and direct factor in promoting opioid tolerance and dependence. Identifying such a direct mechanism may be useful for designing pharmacological treatments for these conditions.