Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Living Memory: The Social Aesthetics of Language in a Northern Italian Town

historical moments by capturing images of the social life of Chinese medicine in America and China. The notes that accompany each chapter are rich with detail for those who wish to follow-up particular aspects of this history. It is a valuable and clearly written account of a personal and professional journey into the diverse communities of practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine. Other-Worldly illustrates the creation of many traditional Chinese medicines, in diverse geographical locations, canvassing both what they have in common and the differences that enrich them. As a text, it demonstrates the ‘local creation of universality’ and the contributions of both American and Chinese history and social formation to a transnational assemblage with sites in both countries. Assunta Hunter Centre for Health and Society, University of Melbourne
Slip Resistance of Casual Footwear: Implications for Falls in Older Adults

Background: A large proportion of falls in older people are caused by slipping. Previous occupational safety research suggests that inadequate footwear may contribute to slipping accidents; however, no studies have assessed the slip resistance of casual footwear. Objective: To evaluate the slip resistance of different types of casual footwear over a range of common household surfaces. Methods: The slip resistance of men’s Oxford shoes and women’s fashion shoes with different heel configurations was determined by measuring the dynamic coefficient of friction (DCoF) at heel contact (in both dry and wet conditions) on a bathroom tile, concrete, vinyl flooring and a terra cotta tile using a specially-designed piezoelectric force plate apparatus. Results: Analysis of variance revealed significant shoe, surface, and shoe-surface interaction effects. Men’s Oxford shoes exhibited higher average DCoF values than the women’s fashion shoes, however, none of the shoes could be considered safe on wet surfaces. Application of a textured sole material did not improve slip resistance of any of the shoes on wet surfaces. Conclusion: Heel geometry influences the slip resistance of casual footwear on common household surfaces. The suboptimal performance of all of the test shoes on wet surfaces suggests that a safety standard for casual footwear is required to assist in the development of safe footwear for older people.
Crush Stenting With Paclitaxel-Eluting or Sirolimus-Eluting Stents for the Treatment of Coronary Bifurcation Lesions

Two hundred forty-six patients with 252 bifurcation lesions were enrolled into a prospective, nonrandomized study to use paclitaxel-eluting or sirolimus-eluting stent for crush stenting in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions. Compared with the sirolimus-eluting stent group, the paclitaxel-eluting stent group had significantly higher mean late lumen and binary angiographic restenosis rates. Sirolimus-eluting stent versus paclitaxel-eluting stent recipients had significantly lower in-segment restenosis in the entire main vessel (15.7% vs 3.1%, P = .004), and simultaneous side branch and main vessel restenoses were solely detected in the paclitaxel-eluting stent group (11.9% vs 0%, P = .03). Target-lesion vessel revascularization and cumulative major adverse cardiac events rates were significantly higher in the paclitaxel-eluting versus the sirolimus-eluting stent group (17.99% vs 8.41%, P = .01; 19.4 vs 9.3%, P = .01; 23.6 vs 11.2%, P = .03). In this study with crush stenting, use of sirolimus-eluting stent, compared with paclitaxel-eluting stent, yielded significantly lower late lumen loss, restenosis, and revascularization rates, with comparable safety by 8-month follow-up.
Circuit Motifs for Contrast-Adaptive Differentiation in Early Sensory Systems: The Role of Presynaptic Inhibition and Short-Term Plasticity

In natural signals, such as the luminance value across of a visual scene, abrupt changes in intensity value are often more relevant to an organism than intensity values at other positions and times. Thus to reduce redundancy, sensory systems are specialized to detect the times and amplitudes of informative abrupt changes in the input stream rather than coding the intensity values at all times. In theory, a system that responds transiently to fast changes is called a differentiator. In principle, several different neural circuit mechanisms exist that are capable of responding transiently to abrupt input changes. However, it is unclear which circuit would be best suited for early sensory systems, where the dynamic range of the natural input signals can be very wide. We here compare the properties of different simple neural circuit motifs for implementing signal differentiation. We found that a circuit motif based on presynaptic inhibition (PI) is unique in a sense that the vesicle resources in the presynaptic site can be stably maintained over a wide range of stimulus intensities, making PI a biophysically plausible mechanism to implement a differentiator with a very wide dynamical range. Moreover, by additionally considering short-term plasticity (STP), differentiation becomes contrast adaptive in the PI-circuit but not in other potential neural circuit motifs. Numerical simulations show that the behavior of the adaptive PI-circuit is consistent with experimental observations suggesting that adaptive presynaptic inhibition might be a good candidate neural mechanism to achieve differentiation in early sensory systems.
Physical Reasoning in Infancy

ABsrRAcr How do infants learn about the physical world? Current research on the development of infants' reasoning about various types of physical phenomena (e.g., support and collision phenomena) points to two developmental patterns that recur across ages and phenomena. The first pattern is that, when learning about a new physical phenomenon, infants first form a preliminary, all-or-none concept that captures the essence of the phenomenon but few of its details. With further experience, this initial concept is progressively elaborated. Infants slowly identify discrete and continuous variables that are relevant to the initial concept, study their effects, and incorporate this accrued knowledge into their reasoning, resulting in increasingly accurate predictions over time. The second developmental pattern is that, after identifying a continuous variable as being relevant to an initial concept, infants succeed in reasoning about the variable qualitatively before they are able to do so quantitatively. This chapter reviews some of the evidence for these two developmental patterns. It is argued that the patterns reflect, at least indirectly, the nature and properties of the mechanisms infants bring to the task of learning about the physical world.
Essentially cyclic asynchronous nonconvex large-scale optimization

We propose a novel parallel essentially cyclic asynchronous algorithm for the minimization of the sum of a smooth (nonconvex) function and a convex (nonsmooth) regularizer. The framework hinges on Successive Convex Approximation (SCA) techniques and on a new global model that describes many asynchronous environments in a more faithful and exhaustive way with respect to state-of-the-art models. A key feature of the model is the update of (block) variables according to the essential cyclic rule: an integer B exists such that, every B iterations, all (block) variables are updated at least once. The algorithm is theoretically guaranteed to achieve a sublinear convergence rate and near linear speedup with respect to the number of cores. Asymptotic convergence to stationary solutions is also proved. Numerical results show that our scheme compares favorably to existing asynchronous methods.
Design and Demonstration of Interface Circuits Between Rapid Single-Flux-Quantum and Adiabatic Quantum-Flux-Parametron Circuits

We investigated interface circuits between rapid single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) circuits and adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) circuits for a high-speed and low-power hybrid computing system. In addition, the interface circuits allow us to use long-distance interconnections based on single-flux-quantum (SFQ) passive transmission lines between AQFP gates. The target frequency of interface circuits is several gigahertz. There are two types of interface circuits. The RSFQ/AQFP interface circuit, which transmits a signal from RSFQ circuits to AQFP gates, was realized by coupling an RSFQ toggle flip-flop (TFF) to an AQFP buffer gate. The simulated bias margins of the RSFQ TFF and the excitation current margin of the RSFQ/AQFP interface were 2.22 mA ± 24.7% and 1.71 mA ± 25.0%, respectively. The AQFP/RSFQ interface circuit, which transmits a signal from AQFP gates to RSFQ circuits, was designed by using a high-sensitive magnetically coupled dc/SFQ converter (MC-dc/SFQ) to detect an output current of an AQFP buffer gate. The simulated bias margins of the MC-dc/SFQ and the excitation current margin of the AQFP/RSFQ interface were 0.558 mA ± 20.5% and 1.95 mA ± 36.1%, respectively. We also fabricated and measured the interface circuits.
Rational evolution of Cd2+-specific DNAzymes with phosphorothioate modified cleavage junction and Cd2+ sensing

In vitro selection of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes is a powerful method for isolating metal-specific DNA. A few successful examples are known, but it is still difficult to target some thiophilic metals such as Cd2+ due to limited functional groups in DNA. While using modified bases expands the chemical functionality of DNA, a single phosphorothioate modification might boost its affinity for thiophilic metals without complicating the selection process or using bases that are not commercially available. In this work, the first such in vitro selection for Cd2+ is reported. After using a blocking DNA and negative selections to rationally direct the library outcome, a highly specific DNAzyme with only 12 nucleotides in the catalytic loop is isolated. This DNAzyme has a cleavage rate of 0.12 min−1 with 10 μM Cd2+ at pH 6.0. The Rp form of the substrate is cleaved ∼100-fold faster than the Sp form. The DNAzyme is most active with Cd2+ and its selectivity against Zn2+ is over 100 000-fold. Its application in detecting Cd2+ is also demonstrated. The idea of introducing single modifications in the fixed region expands the scope of DNA/metal interactions with minimal perturbation of DNA structure and property.
WHAT WE KNOW NOW: FINDINGS FROM DEPENDENCY MEDIATION RESEARCH

After approximately 15 years of research on court-based dependency mediation programs, answers have emerged for many, but not all, of the questions that surround dependency mediation. This article explores what has been learned about court-based dependency mediation through research and what new and persisting questions remain. The article reviews empirical studies of child protection mediation. The topics considered include what we have learned about the organization and structure of mediation programs, what have we learned about settlement in mediation, and whether there are benefits to mediation beyond the mere fact that settlements are reached.
Changes in Liver Function correlate with the Improvement of Lipid Profileafter Restoration of Euthyroidism in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (32.27866.89, 32.37792.93, and 32.37792.98) and unconditional research grants from Henning Berlin, Novartis, Roche Research, Nora van Meeuwen-Hafliger, and Krokus Foundations and the "Sonderprogramm zur Forderung des akademischen Nachwuchses der Universitat Basel" (to BM)
A Family Portrait of the RIO Kinases*

The RIO family of atypical serine protein kinases has been first characterized only recently. It consists of enzymes that contain a unique domain with a characteristic kinase sequence motif and usually some additional domains. At least two RIO proteins, Rio1 and Rio2, are present in organisms varying from Archaea to humans, with a third Rio3 subfamily present only in multicellular eukaryotes. Yeast Rio1 and Rio2 proteins have been implicated in the processing of 20 S pre-rRNA and are necessary for survival of the cells. Crystal structures of Archaeoglobus fulgidus Rio1 and Rio2 have shown that whereas the overall fold of these enzymes resembles typical protein kinases, some of the structural domains, particularly those involved in peptide substrate binding, are not present. The mode of binding of nucleotides also differs from that found in typical protein kinases. Although it has been shown that both Rio1 and Rio2 have the enzymatic activity of kinases and are capable of autophosphorylation, the biological substrates of RIO proteins and their full biological role still remain to be discovered.
Quality of life as an independent predictor for cardiac events and death in patients with heart failure.

BACKGROUND Little is known about health-related quality of life (QOL) in Japanese patients with heart failure. The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to QOL using a disease-specific QOL instrument, and to clarify whether QOL independently predicts clinical outcomes among Japanese patients with heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 114 outpatients with heart failure were enrolled (mean age 64.7 ± 15.8 years; 73.7% males). The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) to assess patient's QOL was used. At baseline, depressive symptoms and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with worse QOL in multiple regression analysis. During a 2-year follow up, patients with a MLHFQ score ≥ 26, indicating worse QOL, had a higher incidence of the combined endpoint of cardiac death or hospitalization for heart failure, and a higher all-cause mortality than those with a score < 26 (25.3% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.011; 18.5% vs. 6.4%, P = 0.018; respectively). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models demonstrated that a higher MLHFQ score was significantly associated with increased risks of cardiac events (hazard ratio, 1.02, 95% confidential interval, 1.001-1.05, P = 0.038) and of all-cause death (hazard ratio, 1.04, 95% confidential interval, 1.02-1.07, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms and chronic kidney disease are major determinants of impaired QOL, and the MLHFQ score is an independent predictor of both cardiac events and death among Japanese patients with heart failure.
The moderating effect of perceived job characteristics on the proactive personality-organizational citizenship behavior relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore relationships between proactive personality and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Moderators between these constructs are proposed in order to explain varying levels of dispositional impact on work behavior. These relationships were also tested to see whether proactive personality should be considered a strong or weak trait. Trait activation theory and social exchange theory are used to develop hypotheses. Design/methodology/approach – Data collected via a targeted sampling strategy from 178 supervisor-subordinate dyads spanning multiple industries and organizations were used. Hypotheses were tested using hierarchical linear regression. Findings – Results indicate a positive relationship exists between proactive personality and organizationally directed citizenship behaviors, and that this relationship is moderated by both job autonomy and job meaning. Originality/value – The paper is one of the first to explore the relationship between proactiv.
Mesenteric Panniculitis: A Paraneoplastic Phenomenon?

BACKGROUND: Mesenteric panniculitis is an inflammatory condition of mesenteric adipose tissue with characteristic features on abdominal CT imaging. Although its cause is unknown, it has been associated with malignancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malignancy in patients identified as having mesenteric panniculitis on CT imaging and to identify demographic, clinical, and radiological features that may predict an unknown underlying malignancy. DESIGN: This study is a retrospective analysis of medical records and imaging. SETTING: This study was conducted at Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board, New Zealand. PATIENTS: Individuals with mesenteric panniculitis on abdominal CT imaging performed between 2003 and 2010 were included. RESULTS: One hundred eighteen (92 male; median age, 61 years; range, 20–88 years) patients were identified with mesenteric panniculitis. Malignancy was identified in 45 patients (38%) (34 male). The most common malignancies were colorectal (14), lymphoma (13), and urogenital tract (7). Malignancies were diagnosed after the detection of mesenteric panniculitis in 13 patients. Univariate analysis of demographic, clinical, and radiological features revealed that lymph node size >12 mm (relative risk 4.5 (CI 1.4–14.6); p = 0.0266) and the absence of the fat ring sign (relative risk 0.6 (0.3–1.1); p = 0.047) were associated with the subsequent diagnosis of malignancy in patients with mesenteric panniculitis. LIMITATIONS: This review was limited by its retrospective nature and the small number of individuals with diagnosis of malignancy after the detection of mesenteric panniculitis. CONCLUSION: Mesenteric panniculitis is often associated with an underlying malignancy. In most cases, malignancy is diagnosed before mesenteric panniculitis. Lymph node size (>12 mm) and the absence of the fat ring sign were identified as predictors of subsequent diagnosis of malignancy in patients with mesenteric panniculitis. Identification of mesenteric panniculitis on imaging should prompt an awareness for possible malignancy in these patients.
Testing the Theoretical Design of a Health Risk Message: Reexamining the Major Tenets of the Extended Parallel Process Model

This study examined the fear control/danger control responses that are predicted by the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). In a campaign designed to inform college students about the symptoms and dangers of meningitis, participants were given either a high-threat/no-efficacy or high-efficacy/no-threat health risk message, thus testing the extreme assumptions of the EPPM. Although the study supports the main predictions of the EPPMin the context of meningitis, the results provide newevidence that only a marginal amount of threat is necessary in a health risk message to move the target audience toward the desired protective measures. In addition, the results also suggest that the messages containing only threat may only scare the target audience further into fear control. Implications and future research are discussed.
Trajectories of self-perceived math ability, utility value and interest across middle school as predictors of high school math performance

Although many studies have documented developmental change in mathematics motivation, little is known about how these trends predict math performance. A sample of 288 participants from the United States reported their perceived math ability, math utility value and math interest in 5th, 7th and 9th grades. Latent growth curve models estimated developmental trajectories in each of these constructs. Mathematics interest and utility value decreased across time, but there was no significant change in self-perceived math ability. Slopes and intercepts of all mathematics motivation variables correlated with one another. Even when controlling for prior mathematics performance, students who self-reported high math ability in 5th grade had higher standardised test scores than their peers in high school five years later. Neither math utility value nor math interest intercepts or slopes predicted later performance. Understanding the predictors of math performance is important for supporting students’ success in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers.
Extraventricular neurocytomas: a morphological and histogenetic consideration. A study of six cases

Aims: Various molecular markers have been used for diagnosis, management and prognostication of gliomas. Neurocytomas are close morphological mimics of oligodendrogliomas. While combined 1p/19q deletion has been used as a molecular signature of oligodendroglial tumours, it has also been variably reported to occur in neurocytomas, especially those in extraventricular locations (EVN). In recent studies, presence of IDH1 mutation has shown immense prognostic significance in glial tumours including oligodendrogliomas, but its role in neurocytoma pathogenesis remains unexplored. In this study, EVN cases were analysed for histomorphological features, IDH1 mutation using an antibody for specifically detecting mutant IDH1R132H protein, and 1p/19q deletion by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) assay. Results: Over a period of 10 years (2000–2009), 60 cases of neurocytoma were diagnosed, of which six were EVN. These six cases were assessed for histomorphology, IDH1 mutation and 1p/19q deletion. Five cases showed atypical histological features. While none showed mIDH1R132H, four of the five atypical cases harboured 1p/19q deletion either in isolation or in combination. The only case which was well-differentiated (typical) did not show 1p/19q loss. Conclusions: EVNs are more commonly associated with aggressive histological features. IDH1 mutations, although frequent in oligodendrogliomas, are not seen in EVN. However, similar to oligodendrogliomas, 1p/19q deletion is found in these tumours. Thus, a potential histogenetic link between oligodendrogliomas and EVN remains debatable. This molecular alteration may also have prognostic connotations, being associated with atypical morphological features. Due to the rarity of these tumours, multicentric pooling of larger studies is needed to have an insight into the impact of these molecular aberrations on their biological behaviour.
Effects of training duration on substrate turnover and oxidation during exercise.

Adaptations in fat and carbohydrates metabolism after a prolonged endurance training program were examined using stable isotope tracers of glucose ([6,6-2H2]glucose), glycerol ([2H5]glycerol), and palmitate ([2H2]palmitate). Active, but untrained, males exercised on a cycle for 2 h/day [60% pretraining peak O2 consumption (VO2peak) = 44.3 +/- 2.4 ml.kg-1.min-1] for a total of 31 days. Three cycle tests (90 min at 60% pretraining VO2peak) were administered before training (PRE) and after 5 (5D) and 31 (31D) days of training. Exercise increased the rate of glucose production (Ra) and utilization (Rd) as well as the rate of lipolysis (glycerol Ra) and free fatty acid turnover (FFARa/Rd). At 5D, training induced a 10% (P < 0.05) increase in total fat oxidation because of an increase in intramuscular triglyceride oxidation (+63%, P < 0.05) and a decreased glycogen oxidation (-16%, P < 0.05). At 31D, total fat oxidation during exercise increased a further 58% (P < 0.01). The pattern of fat utilization during exercise at 31D showed a reduced reliance on plasma FFA oxidation (FFA Rd) and a greater dependence on oxidation of intramuscular triglyceride, which increased more than twofold (P < 0.001). In addition, glucose Ra and Rd were reduced at all time points during exercise at 31D compared with PRE and 5D. We conclude that long-term training induces a progressive increase in fat utilization mediated by a greater oxidation of fats from intramuscular sources and a reduction in glucose oxidation. Initial changes are present as early as 5D and occur before increases in muscle maximal mitochondrial enzyme activity.