Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response Determinants in Satisfaction Judgments

The effects of five determinants of satisfaction are tested as well as individual differences in satisfaction formation. Manipulations of attribution, expectancy, performance, disconfirmation, and equity are written into stock market trading scenarios in a full factorial design. Results show that all main effects and four ordinal two-way interactions are significant. Then, an individual-level analysis is performed on the repeated measures data. Three clusters of subjects sharing similar response tendencies (disconfirmation, performance, and equity) are identified and related to investment attitudes, outcome attitudes, and demographics. No consistent relationships are discovered, suggesting that the response differences reflect deeper behavioral tendencies. Implications of this approach for satisfaction paradigms, satisfaction theory, and individual satisfaction response orientations are presented.
Influence of Relationship Situation on Responses to Unintended Pregnancy in Dakar

Many studies have highlighted the rise in unplanned pregnancies among young women in sub-Saharan Africa but few have focused on concomitant changes in young Africans' aspirations with regard to sexuality and parenthood. On the basis of a study in Dakar, the capital city of Senegal, this article analyses the complexity of the individual and collective issues involved in responses to unintended pregnancy, showing that this notion speaks to a broader reflection on the question of contraception at the start of sexual life. The study is based on 74 life story interviews (49 with women, 25 with men) conducted between 2007 and 2008 in the framework of ECAF (Emergency Contraception in Africa), a research programme funded by the European Union. Data were collected by means of a qualitative biographical approach that provides an overall view of individuals' residential, educational, occupational, affective and/or conjugal trajectories and contraceptive histories. Attitudes to motherhood are found to be structured by four dimensions: the social legitimacy of the relationship in which the pregnancy occurs, power relations among the various protagonists (individuals, couples, families and/or social circle), gender-based power relations, and increasingly precarious living conditions.
Multimodal communication and identities options in an intergenerational art class

This case study of multimodal pedagogies within an intergenerational (IG) art class addresses questions about the learning opportunities that were created therein and what the fixing of participants’ ideas within a semiotic chain said about their facility with communicative modes and media, interests, and identity options. Key findings include: when compared to the adults’ work, the children’s use of media was more elaborate, experimental, and less inhibited and their designs more complex; the content of the children’s communication was multifaceted, and future-looking while some of the adults’ were constrained by limited identity options related to their position in the life course; and the class’s multimodal pedagogies provided occasion for the exploration of modes and media with support for working through key communicational decisions.
Learning styles among geography undergraduates: an international comparison

Growing diversity is focusing attention on the range of different student learning styles. This study assesses whether geographers have a predominant learning style and whether this varies between and within countries. The findings are based on over 900 geography students from 12 universities in Australia, New Zealand, the UK and the US, who completed Kolb's Learning Style Inventory (LSI). The implications for curriculum design and student learning strategies are discussed. It is suggested that departments should aim to produce balanced learners with a full range of learning capacities rather than simply matching teaching to existing learning styles.
The moderating role of organizational culture in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behaviors

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether organizational culture moderates the relationships between organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) and justice perceptions.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 618 lecturers in ten universities in Turkey. Data were collected on site. A randomly selected group of focal lecturers completed the OCB and justice scales. A separate group of randomly selected peers completed the culture scale.Findings – Multiple hierarchical regression results support the moderating role of organizational culture of the justice perceptions‐OCB link. As hypothesized, results show a stronger relationship between interactional justice and OCB for organizations that are higher in respect for people and a weaker relationship between distributive and procedural justices and OCB for organizations that are higher in team orientation.Research limitations/implications – The researched lecturers have job conditions inherent to the peculiarities of the public un.
Allelotyping analyses of synchronous primary and metastasis CIN colon cancers identified different subtypes

In colorectal cancer, the molecular alterations that lead to metastasis are not clearly established, probably because of their high genetic complexity. To identify combinations of genetic changes involved in tumor progression and metastasis, we focused on chromosome instable (CIN) colon cancers. We compared by allelotyping of 33 microsatellites, the genomic alterations of 38 primary colon tumors with the synchronously resected matched liver metastases (CLM). We observed that (i) the number of patients with alterations at certain loci did not differ significantly between the whole primary tumor and the paired CLM, (ii) a group of patients had fewer alterations in the metastasis when compared with the matched primary tumor. A 2‐way hierarchical unsupervised clustering of the allelotyping data revealed 2 tumor subtypes that have different levels of CIN (CIN‐High, CIN‐Low). Both subtypes have a minimal common set of alterations at chromosomes 8p, 17p and 18q, but does not include alteration at 5q or mutation at K‐Ras. These 2 subtypes were also observed using a collection of 104 independent primary CIN colon tumors. In addition, we found a third subtype, consisting of tumors with a very low number of alterations not associated with specific loci (CIN‐Very Low). We found that colon carcinogenesis may require a minimal set of alterations and that, in contrast to the current hypothesis, the level of CIN does not correlate with tumor progression. Therefore, our results suggest that metastasis potential could be present at very early stages of tumor development. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urethral Trichomoniasis in Men

Three hundred twenty-five men with confirmed urethral trichomoniasis were seen at sexually transmitted diseases clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe, in 1983-1984. The mean age of these patients was 30.4 years. The most common symptoms were urethral discharge and urethral irritation. Symptoms in 252 patients (78%) had been present for more than four weeks. Only 1.5% of 5548 patients with nontrichomonal nongonococcal urethritis had had symptoms for this length of time. In most patients with trichomoniasis (99.4%), the discharge was milky white and fluid in nature; when a smear of the discharge was made on a glass slide, small clumps of material were noted. Microscopic examination of the gram-stained smear showed relatively few polymorphonuclear leukocytes but many epithelial cells. Although Trichomonas vaginalis was readily demonstrated by microscopy of both urethral secretions and centrifuged deposits of urine, the organism was cultured only from urethral exudates. Concomitant infection with T. vaginalis was uncommon in patients with proved gonococcal urethritis. Treatment of trichomoniasis in men with a single 2-g dose of metronidazole was unsuccessful in 42.9% of cases. However, treatment with 400 mg of metronidazole thrice daily for five days gave a cure rate of 100%.
Preference for Other Persons’ Traits Is Dependent on the Kind of Social Relationship

Three studies test the proposition that people appreciate others’ traits relative to the kind of relationship they have. Hypotheses are derived from the dual-perspective model, according to which the fundamental content dimensions of traits, agency, and communion are linked differently to the perspectives of actor versus observer; and that the kind of relationship between both persons is a moderator of the perspective-trait link. Study 1 shows that people generally prefer communal traits in others, and that agency traits are chosen less frequently in independence relationships than in unilateral dependence relationships than in mutual dependence relationships. Study 2 replicates the communion finding and reveals that – independent of respondents’ own agency and communion – agency traits are chosen less frequently in communal relationships than in exchange relationships. Study 3 shows that in both kinds of relationship well-being goals enhance the selection of communion traits, whereas mastery goals enhanc.
Modeling the patient-physician service encounter: Improving patient outcomes

Physician service encounters are different as they involve (1) one-on-one interactions, (2) frequent encounters with the same physician, (3) intimate exchanges, (4) substantial variability across encounters, and (5) require patient co-operation to achieve successful health outcomes. These aspects may increase patient reliance on interpersonal elements of the encounter to drive satisfaction (Gronröos 1982). These interpersonal elements may also encourage compliance with medical advive. This study develops and tests a model demonstrating how interpersonal elements, as well as communication and participation, contribute to positive outcomes using multiple samples. Results support interactions among these variables contributing to patient satisfaction and compliance. Results also support the role of interpersonal interactions in repatronization and recommendation, although these relationships vary depending on sample characteristics.
A Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction

This article responds to criticisms that affective job satisfaction research suffers serious measurement problems: Noncomparable measures; studies conceptualizing job satisfaction affectively but measuring it cognitively; and ad hoc measures lacking systematic development and validation, especially across populations by nationality, job level, and job type. We address these problems through a series of qualitative (total N = 28) and quantitative (total N = 901) studies to systematically develop and validate a short affective job satisfaction measure ultimately deriving from Brayfield and Rothe’s (1951) job satisfaction index. Unlike any previous job satisfaction measure, the resulting four-item Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction is overtly affective, minimally cognitive, and optimally brief. The new measure also differs from any previous job satisfaction measure in being comprehensively validated not just for internal consistency reliability, temporal stability, convergent and criterion-related validities, but also for cross-population invariance by nationality, job level, and job type.
The Relation Between Upper Arm Dimensions and Maximal Oxygen Uptake During Arm Exercise

The relationship between upper arm dimensions and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) during arm exercise was investigated. Nineteen almost untrained male subjects (22 +/- 2 yrs, 183 +/- 5.5 cm, 74 +/- 7.5 kg; mean +/- SD) volunteered to take part in the study. The following anthropometrical upper arm data were obtained for each subject: upper arm circumference, biceps and triceps skinfold thickness, upper arm length. From these data the cross-sectional area of the muscles, of the muscles plus bone of the upper arm, and the upper arm muscle volume were calculated. Upper arm volume was determined by water immersion. The subjects performed arm cranking with an increasing load of 10 watt each minute (Wpeak 125 +/- 17.4 watt, VO2peak: 2.54 +/- 0.33 l/min; mean +/- SD). Multiple regression analyses showed that VO2peak could be best explained by the cross-sectional area of the muscles plus bone of the upper arm (r = 0.65, p < 0.005). Other factors did not add significantly. The variables as body mass, fatfree body mass, upper arm volume and total arm volume correlated less well with VO2peak (r < 0.5). In conclusion it is suggested to use the easily obtainable cross-sectional area of the muscles plus bone of the upper arm to standardize VO2peak of arm cranking.
Does Shared Group Membership Promote Altruism?

Two explanations of why shared group membership promotes cooperation in social dilemmas were compared. According to the fear—greed model of social identity proposed by Simpson (2006), shared group membership reduces greed but not fear and, thus, should promote altruistic behavior toward in-group members in the absence of fear. According to the group heuristic model proposed by Yamagishi and colleagues, altruistic behavior toward in-group members is a `ticket' to enter a generalized exchange system; people are not predicted to behave altruistically when it is made salient that no system of generalized exchange operates in the group. We tested these models in a dictator game experiment with two conditions. In the common knowledge condition, either model predicts greater altruism toward in-group recipients. In the unilateral knowledge condition — when the dictator knows the group membership of the recipient, but the recipient does not know the membership of the dictator — the fear—greed model predicts greater altruism toward ingroup recipients. In contrast, the group heuristic model does not predict such in-group bias in altruism. The results of the experiment support the group heuristic model.
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: benefits in reducing depression following a traumatic brain injury.

CONTEXT Current therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI) include pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and cognitive rehabilitation. Unfortunately, psychological and emotional issues regularly go untreated in individuals with TBI even after they receive treatment for physical, behavioral, and cognitive issues. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) may offer new rehabilitation opportunities for individuals with TBI. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the efficacy of MBCT in the treatment of clinically diagnosed depression in a TBI population. DESIGN The research team measured depression, pain frequency and intensity, energy levels, health status, and function preintervention and postintervention. SETTING The research team conducted the study at the Ottawa Hospital Rehabilitation Centre, Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS The research team recruited 23 participants from two sources: (1) the brain injury program at the hospital and (2) the local head-injury association. Twenty participants completed the study. INTERVENTION The intervention was 8 weeks in length, with a 90-minute MBCT session once a week. The research team based the specific content of the study's intervention on a combination of Kabat-Zinn's manualized mindfulness-based stress reduction program and Segal and colleague's manual for MBCT. OUTCOME MEASURES The research team determined statistical significance using paired t-tests for continuous outcomes and the McNemar chi-square test for dichotomous categorical outcomes. They also calculated effect sizes for all depression measures. RESULTS Postintervention, the study found that MBCT significantly reduced (P < .050) depression symptoms on all scales compared to baseline. The study demonstrated medium to large effect sizes for each depression measure. Participants indicated reduced pain intensity (P = .033) and increased energy levels (P = .004). No significant changes occurred in anxiety symptoms, pain frequency, and level of functioning postintervention. CONCLUSION MBCT was efficacious in reducing depression in the TBI population, providing ample rationale for further research with more robust designs. This study marks an important step toward the development and provision of MBCT on a wider scale to support the rehabilitation efforts of people who have depression symptoms following TBI.
Cross-Cultural Claims on Devils Tower National Monument: A Case Study

A dispute between American Indians and rock climbers over the appropriate use of Devils Tower National Monument in northeast Wyoming reflects fundamental differences in culture and world view. The United States Department of the Interior (USDI) National Park Service's (NPS) attempt to resolve this dispute with a voluntary ban on climbing during the month of June in deference to American Indian cultural and religious practices, and subsequent court rulings upholding the NPS policy, illustrate a widening circle of respect for, and accommodation of, divergent interpretations of humankind's relationship with the natural world.
A Realist Theory of Empirical Testing Resolving the Theory-Ladenness/ Objectivity Debate

This article explores whether theory-ladenness makes empirical testing an inse cure foundation for objectivity. Specifically, this article uses path diagrams as visual heuristics to assist in (1) developing a parsimonious representation of the traditional empiricist view of empirical testing, (2) showing how the "New Image" view ostensibly threatens the objectivity of science, (3) proposing a unified, realist theory of empirical testing, (4) developing a representation of the unified theory, (5) exploring several potential threats to objectivity, (6) discussing the proposed theory's implications for social science, and (7) adumbrating three foundational premises for scientific realism.
Personality and Values as Predictors of Self- and Peer-Reported Behavior

We examined the validity of self-reported personality traits and values in predicting self- and peer reports of behavior. Self- and peer reports were obtained from 252 undergraduate students on the HEXACO Personality Inventory, the Schwartz Value Survey, and scales assessing value-expressive behaviors. Self-reports of personality and of values correlated moderately with self-reports of value-expressive behaviors. Correlations with peer reports of these behaviors were almost as large, thus, indicating that the validity of the personality and values variables did generalize across criterion rating sources. Both personality traits and values provided incre- mental validity beyond the other domain in predicting the behavior criteria, with the personality variables yielding slightly higher validity, on average.
Academic Control and Action Control in the Achievement of College Students: A Longitudinal Field Study.

A contradiction to the typical pattern of academic success occurs when bright, enthusiastic high school students fail after entering university. Two measures, perceived academic control and action control (i.e., preoccupation with failure) were administered to 524 college students at the beginning of a 2-semester course. Achievement-related cognitions, emotions, motivation, and final grades were measured at the end of the course. High-academic-control students exerted more effort, reported less boredom and anxiety, were more motivated, used self-monitoring strategies more often, felt more in control of their course assignments and of life in general, believed they performed better, and obtained higher final grades. Failure-preoccupied students received higher final grades, which corroborated their self-reported performance. Of note, high-control, high-failure-preoccupied students outperformed the other 3 groups by 1 to 2 letter grades.
Inventing the nonprofit sector and other essays on philanthropy, voluntarism, and nonprofit organizations

Philanthropy and voluntarism are among the most familiar and least understood of American institutions. The oldest American nonprofit corporation -- Harvard College -- dates from 1636, but most of the million or so nonprofits currently in existence were established after 1960. In "Inventing the Nonprofit Sector" and Other Essays on Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Nonprofit Organizations, cultural historian Peter Dobkin Hall describes and analyzes the development of America's fastest growing institutional sector.
Salish Internal Relationships

1. For the purposes of comparative linguistics and for the reconstruction of the prehistory of peoples, it is not sufficient merely to know that a given group of languages are or are not related to each other. French is related to Spanish and it is related to Russian, but there is a tremendous difference of degree. Spanish and French are both modern forms of Latin, the end products of 2000 years of divergent drift. But the common period of the Romance languages and Russian dates back perhaps 5000
Dimensions of Career: Avoiding Reification in the Analysis of Change

The paper considers the different ways in which sociologists have studied careers. It examines the various dimensions in careers research which constitute a developing research tradition. It highlights the problems associated with reification in analyses of career which are either implicit in particular models or are addressed in others but in ways which fail to resolve the difficulties. The paper suggests that the analysis of processes of change in career structures and career experiences can best enable researchers to avoid reification in their conceptualizations of career.
Effects of functional genetic polymorphisms in the CYP19A1 gene on prostate cancer risk and survival

CYP19 catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens and is a critical enzyme affecting the sex hormone milieu. In this study, we investigated the functions of CYP19A1 polymorphisms and their associations with prostate cancer risk and clinical outcome. This case‐control study evaluated the effects of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP19A1 on the risk of prostate cancer in 330 prostate cancer patients and 354 normal controls. The associations between each SNP and sex hormone levels were evaluated in 164 healthy male patients. The functions of the SNPs were determined by reporter gene assays in PC3 and DU145 cell lines. Prostate‐specific antigen nadir was evaluated in 142 patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Cancer‐specific survival (CSS) was determined in 166 patients with metastatic prostate cancer, to evaluate the influence of the three SNPs. Each variant allele of the three SNPs significantly decreased the risk of prostate cancer. Haplotype analysis showed that the T‐A‐G haplotype (corresponding to rs2470152‐rs10459592‐rs4775936) increased the risk of prostate cancer, while the C‐C‐A haplotype decreased the risk. The estrone/androstenedione ratio was significantly higher in men with the C allele of rs2470152, the C allele of rs10459592, and the A allele of rs4775936 in a gene‐dosage‐dependent manner. Patients with the variant allele at rs4775936 had significantly shorter CSS. These results indicate that CYP19A1 polymorphisms may influence prostate cancer risk and survival by modifying promoter activity, with subsequent effects on the sex hormone milieu.