Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Female College Basketball Player's Perception Regarding Gender of their Coach

Female athletics have been on the rise since the passing of Title IX in 1972 (Kalin and Waldron, 2015). Since the increase of female athletics there has been more job opportunities for men and women in coaching female athletes. In this study, there were twenty participants. All the participants were female athletes on a Division III college basketball team and participated in a survey regarding female athlete’s perceptions of different gender coaches. The purpose of this study was to assess the preference and experiences that female basketball players at the Division III level have at each grade level from freshman through senior year in college with either a male or female coach. Surveying the female basketball players at the Division III level will help assess their attitudes, motivation, satisfaction level, experiences, and preferences with the gender of a coach as well as determine if there is a difference in the athlete-coach relationship. An anonymous survey was used to determine if there is a significant preference for male or female coaches as well as if gender matters with their attitudes in the sport based on academic statusfreshman to senior. The responses to this survey were analyzed by a t-test and a ChiSquare. The results found, that the only difference the tests showed was in the difference in female athlete’s relationship with female coaches compared to male coaches. The other tests done presented no significant difference in the female athlete’s attitudes, satisfaction level, performance, and motivation between male and female coaches. Also, there was no difference in gender importance, attitudes, and gender preference among the freshman and upperclassmen female athletes. This research suggests that gender does not matter to female athletes when it comes to their coaches.
The Concept of Love Viewed From a Prototype Perspective

Even if superordinate concepts (such as fruit, vehicle, sport) are prototypically organized, basic-level concepts (such as apple, truck, hockey) might be classically defined in terms of individually necessary and jointly sufficient features. A series of 6 studies examined 1 basic-level concept in the domain of emotion, love, and found that it is better understood from a prototype than a classical perspective. The natural language concept of love has an internal structure and fuzzy borders: Maternal love, romantic love, affection, love of work, self-love, infatuation, and other subtypes of love can be reliably ordered from better to poorer examples of love. In turn, each subtype's goodness as an example of love (prototypicality) was found to predict various indices of its cognitive processing. Implications for a scientific definition and typology of love are discussed. Prototype theory has provided insights into concepts central to psychology, including behavioral act (Buss & Craik, 1983), personality trait (Cantor & Mischel, 1979), intelligence (Neisser, 1979), social situation (Cantor, Mischel, & Schwartz, 1982), and environmental setting (Tversky & Hemenway, 1983). The theory has inspired important new approaches to psychiatric diagnosis (Cantor, Smith, French, & Mezzich, 1980) and personality assessment (Broughton, 1984). The studies reported in this article are part of a larger project designed to explore the applicability of prototype theory to the domain of emotion concepts. We had two related purposes. The first was to use the tools of prototype theory to throw light on the elusive concept of love. We shall have something to say about both the definition of and typologies of love. The second purpose concerned prototype theory itself. Prior demonstrations of a prototype structure in concepts focused on superordinate concepts, such as fruit, vehicle, or emotion. Would the same results occur, we asked, for basic-level concepts, such as apple, truck, or love? We shall begin with the second issue.
Fibromyalgia: Evidence for Deficits in Positive Affect Regulation

Objective: Fibromyalgia (FMS) is characterized by chronic pain, high psychiatric comorbidity, and the absence of observable pathology. Our objective was to examine positive and negative affective indices, both at the trait and contextual levels, in FMS compared with a chronic pain control group, osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The sample consisted of 126 female FMS (87) and OA (39) patients from the community. Participants answered a self-report questionnaire assessing demographic and personality variables and were interviewed regarding average pain, affect, anxiety, and depression. Participants were then interviewed weekly for up to 12 weeks regarding pain, affect, fatigue, perceived interpersonal stress (IS), and positive interpersonal events (PE). Results: FMS participants reported lower levels of positive affect (p < .01) and extraversion (p < .01) than OA participants. There were no significant differences between groups in negative affect, depression, anxiety, or neuroticism after controlling for age and average pain. At the weekly level, FMS participants reported lower levels of positive affect (p < .01), but not negative affect. Furthermore, during weeks of elevated IS, FMS participants evidenced steeper declines in positive affect than OA participants (p < .01). Conclusions: Despite the predominance of literature focusing on psychologic disturbance in FMS, these analyses identified dysfunctional positive affect regulation as a key feature of FMS. FMS status was uniquely characterized by lower levels of positive affect, especially during stressful weeks. These findings challenge current conceptualizations of FMS and point to new directions for interventions that focus on improving positive affective resources, especially during times of stress. FMS = fibromyalgia syndrome; OA = osteoarthritis; PA = positive affect; NA = negative affect; IS = perceived interpersonal stress; PE = positive interpersonal events.
What Factors Influence an Officer’s Decision to Shoot? The Promise and Limitations of Using Public Data

We analyze a set of 207 Dallas Police Department officer-involved shooting incidents in reference to 1,702 instances in which officers from the same agency drew their firearms but did not shoot at the suspect. We find that situational factors of whether the suspect was armed and whether an officer was injured were the best predictors of the decision to shoot. We also find that African Americans are less likely than Whites to be shot. It is important to collect data on encounters in which weapons are and are not discharged. Analyses examining only shootings is fundamentally limited in assessing racial bias.
Phenomenography in the Student Learning Perspective: A Review of Studies in Academic Contexts

Academic institutions have gradually structured their policies on the basis of their students’ perceptions, satisfaction and needs. This paper explores the use of phenomenography in the Student Learning Perspective, which claims that students’ perceptions of the learning environment, in light of their motivations and expectations, determine how situational factors influence approaches to learning and learning outcomes. Firstly, the article investigates the context of development of this line of research and the studies concerning the effect of environmental, organizational and contextual factors on students’ perceptions and learning; secondly, it describes the phenomenographic research methodology and the theoretical models of learning process developed. Finally, the paper reviews the studies on study approach and contextual variables, and discusses the applicability of SLP models to different academic systems and practical applications concerning teaching quality, assessment tools and students’ perceptions of the quality of the learning environment.
Comparison of Gait Patterns between Young and Elderly Women: An Examination of Coordination

This study investigated intralimb coordination during walking in young and elderly women using the theoretical model of dynamical systems. 20 women, 10 Young (M age = 24.6 yr., SD = 3.2 yr.) and 10 Elderly (M age = 73.7 yr., SD = 4.9 yr.), were videotaped during free speed gait and gait perturbed by an ankle weight. Two parameters, one describing the phasing relationship between segments (mean absolute relative phase) and the other the variability of this relationship (deviation in phase), were calculated from the kinematics. Two-way analysis of variance (age and weight) with repeated measures on weight indicated that during the braking period the weight increased the mean absolute relative phase between the shank and the thigh and decreased it between the foot and the shank. The Elderly women had significant smaller values for the mean absolute relative phase between the shank and the thigh during the braking period. For the same period, deviation in phase increased for the segmental relationship between the shank and the thigh. The findings suggest that changes in intralimb coordination take place with asymmetrical weighting and the aging process. These changes are most clearly present during the braking period.
miR-135b Contributes to the Radioresistance by Targeting GSK3β in Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells

Radioresistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Recent data strongly suggests the important role of miRNAs in cancer progression and therapeutic response. Here, we have established a radioresistant human GBM cell line U87R derived from parental U87 and found miR-135b expression was upregulated in U87R cells. miR-135b knockdown reversed radioresistance of U87R cells, and miR-135b overexpression enhanced radioresistance of U87 cells. Mechanically, bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental analysis demonstrated GSK3β (Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta) was a novel direct target of miR-135b. Moreover, GSK3β protein expression was downregulated in U87R cells and restored expression of GSK3β increased radiosensitivity of U87R cells. In addition, clinical data indicated that the expression of miR-135b or GSK3β was significantly association with IR resistance of GBM samples. Our findings suggest miR-135b is involved in the radioresistance of human GBM cells and miR-135b-GSK3β axis may be a novel candidate for developing rational therapeutic strategies for human GBM treatment.
Computational modelling of evolution: ecosystems and language

Recently, computational modelling became a very important research tool that enables us to study problems that for decades evaded scientific analysis. Evolutionary systems are certainly examples of such problems: they are composed of many units that might reproduce, diffuse, mutate, die, or in some cases for example communicate. These processes might be of some adaptive value, they influence each other and occur on various time scales. That is why such systems are so difficult to study. In this paper we briefly review some computational approaches, as well as our contributions, to the evolution of ecosystems and language. We start from Lotka-Volterra equations and the modelling of simple two-species prey-predator systems. Such systems are canonical example for studying oscillatory behaviour in competitive populations. Then we describe various approaches to study long-term evolution of multi-species ecosystems. We emphasize the need to use models that take into account both ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, we address the problem of the emergence and development of language. It is becoming more and more evident that any theory of language origin and development must be consistent with darwinian principles of evolution. Consequently, a number of techniques developed for modelling evolution of complex ecosystems are being applied to the problem of language. We briefly review some of these approaches.
Renal Toxicogenomic Response to Chronic Uranyl Nitrate Insult in Mice

Although the nephrotoxicity of uranium has been established through numerous animal studies, relatively little is known about the effects of long-term environmental uranium exposure. Using a combination of conventional biochemical studies and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), we examined the renal responses to uranyl nitrate (UN) chronic exposure. Renal uranium levels were significantly increased 4 months after ingestion of uranium in drinking water. Creatinine levels in serum were slightly but significantly increased compared with those in controls. Although no further significant differences in other parameters were noted, substantial molecular changes were observed in toxicogenomic profiles. UN induced dramatic alterations in expression levels of more than 200 genes, mainly up-regulated, including oxidative-response–related genes, genes encoding for cellular metabolism, ribosomal proteins, signal transduction, and solute transporters. Seven differentially expressed transcripts were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, significantly increased peroxide levels support the implication of oxidative stress in UN toxicant response. This report highlights the potential of SAGE for the discovery of novel toxicant-induced gene expression alterations. Here, we present, for the first time, a comprehensive view of renal molecular events after uranium long-term exposure.
Serial Labor Migration: Precarity and Itinerancy among Filipino and Indonesian Domestic Workers

This article examines the mobility patterns of migrant domestic workers in the United Arab Emirates. It identifies and explains the emergence of serial labor migration, which we define as the multi-country, itinerant labor migration patterns of temporary low-skilled migrant workers. It argues that policy contexts shaping temporary labor migration, as they impose precarious and prohibitive conditions of settlement in both countries of origin and destination, produce the itinerancy of low-skilled migrant workers. We offer a holistic analysis of the migration process of temporary labor migrants, shifting away from a singular focus on the process of emigration, integration, or return and toward an examination of each stage as a co-constitutive step in the migration cycle. Our analytic approach enables us to illustrate the state of precarity and itinerancy that follows low-wage migrant workers across the various stages of the migration cycle and produces serial migration patterns among migrant domestic workers from the Philippines and Indonesia.
The Relation between Self-Reported Empathy and Motor Identification with Imagined Agents

Background In a previous study, we found that when required to imagine another person performing an action, participants reported a higher correspondence between their own handedness and the hand used by the imagined person when the agent was seen from the back compared to when the agent was seen from the front. This result was explained as evidence of a greater involvement of motor areas in the back-view perspective, possibly indicating a greater proneness to put oneself in the agent's shoes in such a condition. In turn, the proneness to put oneself in another's shoes could also be considered as a cue of greater identification with the other, that is a form of empathy. If this is the case, the proportion of lateral matches vs mismatches should be different for subjects with high and low self-reported empathy. In the present study, we aimed at testing this hypothesis. Methodology/Principal Findings Participants were required to imagine a person performing a single manual action in a back view and to indicate the hand used by the imagined person during movement execution. Consistent with our hypothesis, the proportion of matching between the handedness of participants and the handedness of agents imagined was higher for participants scoring high in a self-report measure of empathy. Importantly, this relationship was specific for females. Conclusions/Significance At least for females, our data seem to corroborate the idea of a link between self-reported empathy and motor identification with imagined agents. This sex-specific result is consistent with neuroimaging studies indicating a stronger involvement of action representations during emotional and empathic processing in females than in males. In sum, our findings underline the possibility of employing behavioral research as a test-bed for theories deriving from functional studies suggesting a link between empathic processing and the activation of motor-related areas.
Science teachers' perceptions of expertise in practice : an exploratory study

This thesis reports on an exploration of the nature and characteristics of science teaching expertise as exhibited by six identified expert science teachers. An action research methodology was adopted with data gathered through: semi-structured interviews; classroom observations, and reflective discussions. A culture of collaboration between the researcher and teachers was encouraged by the researcher in an attempt to create a 'bottom-up' approach to the study. The teachers acted as research collaborators by continuously reflecting on, and analysing their knowledge and practice within the context of the study.The reported study emphasises a need for identifying characteristics of science teacher expertise from the insights of teachers themselves. The study considers the reflections and perceptions of the science teachers involved to be an important part of their continuing professional development, which leads to a greater self-awareness and understanding of their teaching expertise. Findings show that these six science teachers demonstrate: subject master; deep pedagogical understanding; considerable pedagogical content knowledge, and a desire to continue learning for an entire professional life, in an attempt to keep abreast of changes and developments in science and education. Within these characteristics, the teachers exhibit, for example, organisational skills, empathy, flexibility, intuition, enthusiasm and professionalism. Most of all, they demonstrate an ability to operate and communicate at the level of their pupils. They study contributes to the debate about effective teaching and better ways for teachers to learn from their experienced by offering a detailed account of science teacher expertise from the perceptions of six expert teachers. The study also highlights a wide ranging existing literature base in a attempt to offer a way of thinking about teaching expertise. Findings from the study indicate strong similarities with those of the existing literature.
Strichartz and smoothing estimates for Schrödinger operators with almost critical magnetic potentials in three and higher dimensions

Abstract In this paper we consider Schrödinger operators H = –Δ + i(A · ∇ + ∇ · A) + V = –Δ + L in ℝ n , n ≥ 3. Under almost optimal conditions on A and V both in terms of decay and regularity we prove smoothing and Strichartz estimates, as well as a limiting absorption principle. For large gradient perturbations the latter is not an immediate corollary of the free case as T(λ) := L(–Δ – (λ 2 + i0))–1 is not small in operator norm on weighted L 2 spaces as λ → ∞. We instead deduce the existence of inverses (I + T(λ))–1 by showing that the spectral radius of T (λ) decreases to zero. In particular, there is an integer m such that lim sup λ→∞ ∥T(λ) m ∥ < . This is based on an angular decomposition of the free resolvent for which we establish the limiting absorption bound (0.1) ∥Dα ℛ d,δ (λ 2)f∥ B* ≤ Cnλ –1+|α|∥f∥ B where 0 ≤ |α| ≤ 2, B is the Agmon-Hörmander space, and ℛ d,δ (λ 2) is the free resolvent operator at energy λ 2 whose kernel is restricted in angle to a cone of size δ and by d away from the diagonal x = y. The main point is that Cn only depends on the dimension, but not on the various cut-offs. The proof of (0.1) avoids the Fourier transform and instead uses Hörmander's variable coefficient Plancherel theorem for oscillatory integrals.
Effect of Joint Cooperation and Multi-Hopping on the Capacity of Wireless Networks

The problem of communication among nodes in an extended network is considered, where radio power decay and interference are limiting factors. It has been shown previously that, with simple multi-hopping, the achievable total communication rate in such a network is at most Theta(radic(N)). In this work, we study the benefit of node cooperation in conjunction with multi-hopping on the network capacity. We propose a multi-phase communication scheme, combining distributed MIMO transmission with multi-hop forwarding among clusters of nodes. We derive the network throughput of this communication scheme and determine the optimal cluster size. This provides a constructive lower bound on the network capacity. We first show that in regular networks a rate of omega(N2/3) can be achieved with transmission power scaling of Theta(Nalpha/6-1/3), where alpha > 2 is the signal path-loss exponent. We further extend this result to random networks, where we show a rate of omega(N2/3 (logN) 2-alpha/6 ) can be achieved with transmission power scaling of Theta(Nalpha/6-1/3 (logN) (alpha-2) 2 /6. In particular, as alpha approaches 2, only constant transmission power is required.
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health Parental Consent for Abortion and the Judicial Bypass Option in Arkansas : Eff ects and Correlates

METHODS: Using state health department data on 7,463 abortions among 15–19-year-olds over the period 2001–2007, an analysis of abortion and second-trimester abortion rates among Arkansas minors relative to rates among older teenagers evaluated the infl uence of the 2005 change in the law. Linear and logistic regression analyses estimated the changes in rates among diff erent age-groups, and assessed the likelihood of minors’ using the bypass procedure or having a second-trimester abortion.
The Remarkable 60 × 2 kpc Optical Filament Associated with a Poststarburst Galaxy in the Coma Cluster

In the deep narrowband image of the Coma Cluster taken with Suprime-Cam of the Subaru Telescope, we found an extremely long and narrow (~60 × 2 kpc) Hα-emitting region associated with a poststarburst galaxy (D100). Follow-up spectroscopy shows that the region has the same redshift as D100. The surface brightness of the region is typically 25 mag (AB) arcsec-2 in Hα, which corresponds to (0.5-4) × 10-17 ergs s-1 cm-2 arcsec-2. We propose two possible explanations for the origin of the region; gas stripped off from a merged dwarf or gas stripped off from D100 by ram pressure. Either scenario meets with difficulty in fully explaining all the observed characteristics of the region.
Affective Response Predicts Risky Choice for Fast, but Not Slow, Decisions

We use skin conductance to measure emotional arousal in subjects who make risky choices under time pressure or time delay. Our results show a strong correlation between subjects’ skin conductance responses and their risky choices under time pressure but not under time delay. Subjects were more risk taking for higher levels of measured electrodermal activity (skin conductance). In line with descriptive theories of risky choice, the effect was most pronounced for choices involving losses rather than gains. Taken together, our findings indicate that participants under time pressure rely on affect at the point of decision-making. This provides support for behavioral models that recognize the role of emotional brain systems in decision-making under risk.