Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive growth factor delivery from a polyelectrolyte coating promotes synergistic bone tissue repair and reconstruction

Significance A critical challenge in the field of tissue repair is effective bone repair and reconstruction. The clinical standard of extracting bone from another area in the body or from donors is severely hampered by short supply, pain, and concerns about disease transmission. In this study, we developed a polymer-based nanolayered coating that carries active biological drugs in physiologically relevant amounts for tissue repair, with tunable release properties to induce bone repair. Using a rodent model, we observed that these coatings yield mature, mechanically stable bone that bridges large defects and restores the native form. This system is a potent strategy for safe and precise tissue repair and has the potential to significantly boost successful outcomes for bone repair. Traumatic wounds and congenital defects that require large-scale bone tissue repair have few successful clinical therapies, particularly for craniomaxillofacial defects. Although bioactive materials have demonstrated alternative approaches to tissue repair, an optimized materials system for reproducible, safe, and targeted repair remains elusive. We hypothesized that controlled, rapid bone formation in large, critical-size defects could be induced by simultaneously delivering multiple biological growth factors to the site of the wound. Here, we report an approach for bone repair using a polyelectrolye multilayer coating carrying as little as 200 ng of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and platelet-derived growth factor-BB that were eluted over readily adapted time scales to induce rapid bone repair. Based on electrostatic interactions between the polymer multilayers and growth factors alone, we sustained mitogenic and osteogenic signals with these growth factors in an easily tunable and controlled manner to direct endogenous cell function. To prove the role of this adaptive release system, we applied the polyelectrolyte coating on a well-studied biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) support membrane. The released growth factors directed cellular processes to induce bone repair in a critical-size rat calvaria model. The released growth factors promoted local bone formation that bridged a critical-size defect in the calvaria as early as 2 wk after implantation. Mature, mechanically competent bone regenerated the native calvaria form. Such an approach could be clinically useful and has significant benefits as a synthetic, off-the-shelf, cell-free option for bone tissue repair and restoration.
Tailor-made quality-controlled translation

Traditional 'one-size-fits-all' models are failing to meet businesses’ requirements. To support the growing demand for cost-effective translation, fine-grained control of quality is required, enabling fit-for-purpose content to be delivered at predictable quality and cost levels. This paper argues for customisable levels of quality, detailing the variables which can be altered to achieve a certain level of quality, and showing how this model can be implemented within Lingo24's Coach translation platform.
How basal are triple‐negative breast cancers?

The basal molecular subtype of breast cancer (BC) is defined by the mRNA expression pattern of an intrinsic ∼500‐gene set. It is the most homogeneous subtype in transcriptional terms, and one of the most aggressive in prognostic terms. Clinical trials testing new systemic therapeutic strategies have been launched in basal BCs. Although no proof of evidence has yet been reported, basal tumors are currently assimilated to and selected as triple‐negative (TN) BCs in these trials because of their frequent immunohistochemical (IHC) negativity for hormone and ERBB2 receptors. Here, we have assessed the degrees of correlation and of homogeneity of the TN phenotype (IHC‐based definition) and the basal subtype (gene expression‐based definition). We analyzed 172 TN BCs defined by gene expression profile as basal (123 cases) and nonbasal (49 cases). Conversely, 160 tumors were defined as basal by their gene expression profile and included 123 TN and 37 non‐TN samples. Uni‐ and multivariate analyses revealed that TN BCs represent a more heterogeneous group than basal BCs, including basal and nonbasal tumors very different both at the histoclinical and molecular level, notably for mRNA expression of molecules targeted by specific therapies under evaluation in clinical trials. These results call for caution in the interpretation of ongoing trials and selection of patients in future trials. They also warrant the identification of molecular markers for basal BCs more clinically applicable than gene expression profiles. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Voice quality of falling tones in taiwan min

This study compared the voice quality of high and low falling unchecked and checked tones. Spectral tilt measured as H0A2 was taken from the syllable midpoint of second, third and four syllables in SVO sentences. Results showed that the voice quality of checked tones was not always creakier than unchecked tones. The voice quality of a syllable at the end of an utterance was not creakier than a syllable at the beginning of an utterance. Narrow focus was a salient factor affecting voice quality. While voice quality of narrow focus syllables became creakier, voice quality of post-focus syllables became more breathy. Focus, a prosodic factor, affected voice quality in a more consistent manner than did lexical tone and syllable position within an utterance in Taiwan Min (Taiwanese).
Biomechanics and prevention of body shape distortion

Destructive changes in body shape can happen slowly over a long period of time and may affect any person who has difficulty moving efficiently, irrespective of diagnosis or age. Supporting the body in symmetrical supine lying has been found to protect and restore body shape, muscle tone and quality of life for people who would otherwise be left to become static in destructive lying postures. Those described as having complex and continuing health care needs or profound and multiple learning disabilities are likely to be at risk of developing changes in body shape. This article will consider predictable patterns of chest distortion and reduction of internal capacity of the abdomen and thorax with key characteristics for those supporting individuals at risk, non‐invasive measurement of body symmetry as a relevant outcome measure in the effort to protect body shape, the consequences for individuals, their families and service providers, positive feedback from families about the benefits of night positioning, the preventable nature of changes in body shape and the practical steps that may be taken to ensure the safety of the individual. Case studies will be presented which demonstrate that the body is a mobile structure which is vulnerable to distortion but also susceptible to restoration as long as the correct biomechanical forces are applied. It is proposed that therapeutic night positioning is an effective intervention which should be made available to those at risk of body shape distortion from an early age, or as a matter of urgency for those with late onset or temporary immobility.
Advanced Research in the Field of Transformational Leadership

The model of transformational leadership, proposed by Bass (1985), has been widely used in the United States in applied research as well as in practice for more than twenty years. In Germany, as well, this approach has received increasing attention since the late nineties. This article aims to offer a rough introduction to the model proposed by Bass and to provide a general survey on recent German research dealing with this paradigm. First of all, the transferability of the concept to Germany will be discussed. Similarities with results obtained in America are shown and differences thoroughly conferred. Although some limitations and restrictions have to be considered, it can be shown that the concept of transformational leadership is a fruitful approach for leadership research in Germany. Moreover, interesting implications for managerial practice are derived. Furthermore, advanced research questions concerning antecedences and consequences of transformational leadership in Germany are examined. Furthermore, recent findings show that the self-rater version of the MLQ provides additional information concerning the quality of leadership. A detailed look is taken at the relation between leadership and different facets of commitment. It could be shown that there are significant contributions of transformational leadership to affective and normative commitment. Interesting differences appear, if one considers the different contexts. Another direction of current research focuses on the role of followers for the perception and maintenance of transformational leadership. Results indicate that followers' characteristics, such as personality traits and implicit leadership theories, influence the perception and acceptance of transformational leadership.
The Analysis of the Blogs Created in a Blended Course through the Reflective Thinking Perspective

Blogs have evolved from simple online diaries to communication tools with the capacity to engage people in collaboration, knowledge sharing, reflection and debate. Blog archives can be a source of information about stu- dent learning, providing a basis for ongoing feedback and redesign of learning activities. Previous studies show that blogs can enhance reflective thinking, provide deeper learning and construct the knowledge. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of the student's blogs to achieve the reflections and the reflections level of the students. The study was conducted at a second year undergraduate level course called "Instructional Technolo- gies and Material Design". The course was redesigned for blended learning model. The researchers used the Drupal web development software to create blogs and integrated them to the course website. They used content analysis method and reflective writing framework to analyze postings in the blogs. The purpose of data analysis was to explore participants' reflections and blog entries within the educational settings. Findings suggest that students mostly wrote descriptive writing at the descriptive reflection level in three main themes, including the course, learning and personal thoughts. By focusing on this authentic blogging practice, this study contributes to an understanding of how to harness blogging the in higher education settings.
Video modeling and word identification in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Video modeling involves the learner viewing videos of a model demonstrating a target skill. According to the National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders (2011), video modeling is an evidenced-based intervention for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in elementary through middle school. Little research exists evaluating video modeling for individuals with ASD in high school. This study examined the effectiveness of video modeling to facilitate the development of word recognition and pronunciation in three male high school students with ASD. A single-case multiple baseline experimental design across participants (i.e. video modeling sequentially implemented across three students) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of video modeling. Results indicate that video modeling was effective in facilitating word recognition and pronunciation. Findings suggest that video modeling may be a viable intervention to foster the reading development of adolescents with ASD.
A CROSS-CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF Mg ii ABSORPTION LINE SYSTEMS AND LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES FROM THE SDSS DR5

We analyze the cross-correlation of Mg ii (λ2796, 2803) quasar absorption systems with luminous red galaxies (LRGs) from the Fifth Data Release (DR5) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The absorption line sample consists of 2705 unambiguously intervening Mg ii absorption systems, detected at a 4σ level, covering a redshift range (0.36 ⩽zabs⩽ 0.8) and a rest equivalent-width range of 0.8 Å ⩽ Wλ2796r⩽ 5.0 Å. We cross-correlate these absorbers with 1,495,604 LRGs with accurate photometric redshifts in the same redshift range and examine the relationship of Mg ii equivalent width and clustering amplitude. We confirm with high precision a previously reported weak anticorrelation of equivalent width and the dark-matter halo mass, measuring dark-matter halo masses of Mg ii absorbers to be log Mh(M☉ h−1) = 11.29 ± 0.360. 62 for the Wr ⩾ 1.4 Å sample and log Mh(M☉ h−1) = 12.70 ± 0.531. 16 for absorbers with 0.8 Å ⩽Wr < 1.4 Å. These measurements agree with previous reported values within the stated errors. Additionally, we investigate the significance of a number of potential sources of bias inherent in absorber–LRG cross-correlation measurements, including absorber velocity distributions and weak lensing of background quasars, which we determine is capable of producing a 20%–30% bias in angular cross-correlation measurements on scales less than 2′. We measure the Mg ii–LRG cross-correlation for 719 absorption systems with v < 60, 000 km s−1 in the quasar rest frame and find that these absorbers typically reside in dark-matter halos that are ∼10–100 times more massive than those hosting unambiguously intervening Mg ii absorbers. Furthermore, we find evidence for evolution of the redshift number density, ∂N/∂z, with 2σ significance for the strongest (Wλ2796r ≳ 2.0 Å) absorbers in the DR5 sample. This width-dependent ∂N/∂z evolution does not significantly affect the recovered equivalent width–halo mass anticorrelation and adds to existing evidence that the strongest Mg ii absorption systems are correlated with an evolving population of field galaxies at these redshifts, while the nonevolving ∂N/∂z of the weakest absorbers more closely resembles the LRG population.
Pharmacokinetics of linezolid in bone tissue investigated by in vivo microdialysis

Pharmacokinetics of unbound anti-infectives in bone is difficult to characterize. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of the microdialysis technique to cancellous bone for single dose pharmacokinetic investigations of the anti-infective linezolid. Serial bone biopsies (left tibia) and microdialysate samples (right tibia: 2 catheters) as well as plasma and bone marrow samples were obtained from 10 pigs. The concentrations of linezolid reached bacteriostatic levels in plasma, bone marrow, bone biopsies and microdialysates. With the use of microdialysis we here present the first results for unbound linezolid bone penetration. Unbound linezolid concentrations in bone obtained by microdialysis were lower than might have been expected from previous bone biopsy studies. To achieve effective concentrations (24 h) for susceptible organisms the chosen dose of linezolid might not be sufficient.
Gamblers Anonymous: A critical review of the literature

This study surveys existing literature on Gamblers Anonymous (GA) and issues that help to contextualise our understanding of this mutual aid association. While GA has been the subject of investigation by social scientists, it is still understudied, with a notable shortage of research on issues facing women and ethnic minorities. A need exists for large-scale assessments of GA's effectiveness, more detailed accounts of GA beliefs and practices, increased knowledge of the ways in which GA attendance interacts with both formal treatment and attendance at other mutual aid organisations, and a better understanding of the profiles of gamblers best (and least) suited to GA, along with a clearer grasp of what GA was able to offer those gamblers that it seems to have helped. This assessment of the current state of knowledge underscores the embryonic state of our collective inquiry into the nature of GA, and the authors emphasise that significant advances have been made. Notably, important targets for study are being identified.
Effect of Concurrent Endurance and Circuit Resistance Training Sequence on Muscular Strength and Power Development

Chtara, M, Chaouachi, A, Levin, GT, Chaouachi, M, Chamari, K, Amri, M, Laursen, PB. Effect of concurrent endurance and circuit resistance-training sequence on muscular strength and power development. J Strength Cond Res 22: 1037-1045, 2008-The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the sequence order of high-intensity endurance training and circuit training on changes in muscular strength and anaerobic power. Forty-eight physical education students (ages, 21.4 ± 1.3 years) were assigned to 1 of 5 groups: no training controls (C, n = 9), endurance training (E, n = 10), circuit training (S, n = 9), endurance before circuit training in the same session, (E+S, n = 10), and circuit before endurance training in the same session (S+E, n = 10). Subjects performed 2 sessions per week for 12 weeks. Resistance-type circuit training targeted strength endurance (weeks 1-6) and explosive strength and power (weeks 7-12). Endurance training sessions included 5 repetitions run at the velocity associated with &OV0312;o2max (&OV0312;o2max) for a duration equal to 50% of the time to exhaustion at &OV0312;o2max; recovery was for an equal period at 60% &OV0312;o2max. Maximal strength in the half squat, strength endurance in the 1-leg half squat and hip extension, and explosive strength and power in a 5-jump test and countermovement jump were measured pre- and post-testing. No significant differences were shown following training between the S+E and E+S groups for all exercise tests. However, both S+E and E+S groups improved less than the S group in 1 repetition maximum (p < 0.01), right and left 1-leg half squat (p < 0.02), 5-jump test (p < 0.01), peak jumping force (p < 0.05), peak jumping power (p < 0.02), and peak jumping height (p < 0.05). The intrasession sequence did not influence the adaptive response of muscular strength and explosive strength and power. Circuit training alone induced strength and power improvements that were significantly greater than when resistance and endurance training were combined, irrespective of the intrasession sequencing.
As Teachers and Researchers, Where Do We Go From Here?

This article does three things. First, it describes and contrasts the teaching styles of its two authors. Second, it proposes dimensions on which simulation teaching style and game administration design might vary. Third, it argues that teaching style and game design has a considerable impact on learning-related outcomes from simulation. From that argument it recommends that the relationship between teacher/administrator behaviors, designs, and decisions on one hand and outcomes on the other ought to be (further) researched. The article is both folksy and scholarly. It describes the mechanics of the authors’ teaching and cites others’ empirical research. It tries to marry what teachers do with what they believe the field ought to be studying.
Medication errors in an intensive care unit.

AIM This paper is a report of a study to investigating the incidence types and causes of medication errors (MEs) and the consequences for patients. Background. Medication errors are a common problem in hospitals around the world, including those in Brazil. METHOD An exploratory, quantitative survey design was used and 44 adult inpatients were studied over a 30-day period in 2006. Three different methods were employed: anonymous self-reports, staff interviews and review of patient prescriptions. FINDINGS A total of 305 MEs was observed. The mean (sd) number was 6.9 (6.8) per patient. The numbers of MEs per day differed statistically significantly between the two groups with length of stay in the intensive care unit of <1 week and more than 1 week, respectively, with mean (sd) of 0.4 (0.38) vs. 0.73 (0.39) The most frequent types were: omission (71.1%), wrong time of administration (11.5%), and prescribing errors (4.6%). The main causes were: medication not available in the hospital (41%); pharmacy stocking and delivery problems (16.3%); transcription errors (11%). No death was directly related to any ME. CONCLUSION There is a need to develop a culture of safety and quality in patient care. An understanding of the profile of ME types and frequencies in an institution is fundamental to raise awareness and implement measures to avoid them. Structural and procedural changes in hospital organization, with a focus on the efficacy, efficiency, and effectiveness of the medication system are needed to reduce MEs.
The Long-Term Effects of Transracial Adoption

Based on a national survey of 372 adoptive families, the authors compare and contrast the long-term adjustments of Colombian, Korean, and Afro-American transracial adoptees with those of in-racially adopted whites. After adoptees had been in their adoptive homes for at least six years, the results showed that the adolescent and school-aged transracial adoptees were no more poorly adjusted than their in-racially adopted counterparts. This study provides additional confirmation of the utility of transracial placement as an effective policy option for homeless minority children.
16S rRNA Gene Mutations Associated with Decreased Susceptibility to Tetracycline in Mycoplasma bovis

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma bovis isolates with decreased susceptibilities to tetracyclines are increasingly reported worldwide. The acquired molecular mechanisms associated with this phenomenon were investigated in 70 clinical isolates of M. bovis. Sequence analysis of the two 16S rRNA-encoding genes (rrs3 and rrs4 alleles) containing the primary binding pocket for tetracycline (Tet-1 site) was performed on isolates with tetracycline hydrochloride MICs of 0.125 to 16 μg/ml. Mutations at positions A965T, A967T/C (Escherichia coli numbering) of helix 31, U1199C of helix 34, and G1058A/C were identified. Decreased susceptibilities to tetracycline (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml) were associated with mutations present at two (A965 and A967) or three positions (A965, A967, and G1058) of the two rrs alleles. No tet(M), tet(O), or tet(L) determinants were found in the genome of any of the 70 M. bovis isolates. The data presented correlate (P < 0.0001) the mutations identified in the Tet-1 site of clinical isolates of M. bovis with decreased susceptibility to tetracycline.
The Spread of English in Turkey and its Current Sociolinguistic Profile

This paper traces the spread of English in Turkey in its social and historical context. It then examines the current sociolinguistic profile of English in this EFL context by analysing its functions, range and depth, through an overview of its role in national education and the job market. Societal attitudes to the increasing visibility of this lingua franca are also mentioned. The survey ascertains the important role English has come to acquire in Turkey as a means of individual and national progress.Italso reveals certain problems that the planned and unplanned spread of English brought about, namely, the influx of borrowings and a great demand for English that cannot be satisfied equally well across the nation. These suggest that careful language planning and policy-making are required in Turkey to make English accessible to people of all socioeconomic strata, while steps are taken to protect the status and corpus of Turkish.