Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pattern and seasonal variations in death due to electrocution: A retrospective study

Background: Owing to extensive use of electricity in home and industries, electrocution injuries are one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in India. Deaths due to fatal electric injuries are quite common in Rajasthan, and hence a retrospective study was conducted on the cases of death due to electrocution. Objectives: This study was carried out with the aim to find out the pattern and seasonal variations, and to discuss the medicolegal aspects of fatal electrocution. Materials andMethods: This retrospective study was conducted at Swai Man Singh Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Total 3123 autopsies were conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology during 2012; of them, 80 cases of death due to electrocution were analyzed. Results: In this study, majority of the victims were men (85%) aged between 20 and 50 years (75%). In 70% cases, victims were electrocuted at home and all cases (100%) were accidental in nature. In most of the victims, upper limbs (51.2%) were involved due to a contact with electric source followed by the cases where the body was showing signs of flame burns (65.0%) due to leaping of spark over the body. In this study, we observed that the incidences were typically higher in monsoon season (47.5%) as compared to other seasons, which shows that there is a characteristic seasonal variation in cases of electrocution. In 40% cases, the victims were brought dead. Conclusion: Electric injury varies from nil to severe destruction of tissues, so in all cases of death due to electrocution meticulous autopsy should be performed to help the investigations for the purpose of compensation and to plan future safety measures. Pattern of fatal electrocution injuries in this study is more or less similar to that observed in most of the other studies conducted by various authors and the incidences are typically higher in the rainy season.
New infinite families of p-ary weakly regular bent functions

The characterization and construction of bent functions are challenging problems. The paper generalizes the constructions of Boolean bent functions by Mesnager \cite{M2014}, Xu et al. \cite{XCX2015} and $p$-ary bent functions by Xu et al. \cite{XC2015} to the construction of $p$-ary weakly regular bent functions and presents new infinite families of $p$-ary weakly regular bent functions from some known weakly regular bent functions (square functions, Kasami functions, and the Maiorana-McFarland class of bent functions). Further, new infinite families of $p$-ary bent idempotents are obtained.
Gender and Personality Differences in Self- and Other Ratings of Business Intelligence

This paper is concerned with people's understanding of, and self-estimation on, various new 'business intelligences' and aims to examine whether these estimates were systematically related to personality dimensions. A total of 184 adult working participants completed a three-part questionnaire that measured their 'big five' personality traits (NEO-FFI), various beliefs about intelligence and also their own and their boss's estimated overall IQ score and scores on eight multiple business intelligences. Males rated their overall IQ as well as their cognitive, creative and political intelligence as significantly higher than females. Females rated their boss's overall, emotional and organizational IQ significantly higher than did male participants. Participants believed they had higher emotional, but lower political, organizational and network intelligence than their boss. Regressions indicated that only one of the eight estimated business intelligences (cognitive intelligence) was related to overall (total, general) estimated intelligence in self, boss or boss's boss. Regressing the big-five personality factors onto each of the self-estimates showed openness-to-experience was positively, and agreeableness negatively, related to most of the estimates. Those who had taken an intelligence test tended to giver higher self-estimates on overall intelligence. Implications of these results for business life are considered.
International Students in Australia: Read ten thousand volumes of books and walk ten thousand miles

A number of international students, predominately from Asian countries, are present in universities in the UK, United States, and Australia. There is little research exploring their experiences as they negotiate the disciplinary requirements of their courses. This paper investigates students' agency as they write their first assignment for their Master's of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages course and the academics who teach them. Talk around texts and the positioning theory are used to analyse the data. It is argued that the students demonstrate strategic agency, which allows them to better understand the academic requirements of their disciplines. The analysis reveals the complexities involved in international students' adaptation to disciplinary discourse and the implications for teaching and learning in higher education.
A Blueprint for Effectively Using RTI Intervention Block Time

Many schools have adopted schoolwide intervention blocks as a component of response-to-intervention (RTI) implementation to ensure that students who need intervention are receiving it. However, virtually no peer-reviewed guidance exists for helping teachers manage this time effectively. This article presents a blueprint for organizing intervention block time so that all students benefit. Teachers and principals should consider (a) identifying appropriate assessment and intervention resources, (b) determining professional development needs to improve capacity for intervention delivery, (c) using personnel resources in the most effective way, (d) structuring the time to deliver interventions and engage students who are not receiving intervention, and (e) optimizing the physical space available to deliver interventions. Specific planning considerations are outlined and suggestions for monitoring fidelity of implementation are presented.
An in vitro comparison of root canal system prepared with either hand or rotary instruments

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to compare hand stainless steel K-files and Nickel-Titanium Profile 0.04 taper 29 series rotary instruments for their efficiency, procedural errors and time consumed in preparation of root canal system. Materials and Methods: A total of 46 maxillary and mandibular first premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were collected (two contralateral teeth from each individual). The samples were divided into two groups of 34 canals each. Teeth in the first group were prepared with stainless steel hand K-files while the second groups were prepared with profile 0.04 taper series 29 rotary files. Preparation period was recorded for both groups. Impression material was introduced into the prepared canals so that the replica of prepared canals was achieved. These were assessed under stereomicroscope to assess the efficiency in preparing canals in respect to canal smoothness, ability of impression material to flow and quality of taper.Statistical analyses were performed using t-test, Chi-square and Fishers exact tests. Results: Results showed significantly shorter preparation time for Profile than K-file. 8.8% of the canals prepared with K-files showed canal blockage, while all canals prepared with Profile remained patent. Alterations in working length working distance appeared in 23.5% of canals prepared with K-file and 11.7% in canals prepared with Profile. Failed instruments in K-files were significantly higher, mostly deformation (P<0.001). Profiles failed instruments were in the form of fracture and no deformation was detected. Both systems showed unsatisfactory walls smoothness and flow. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study it was concluded that Profile 0.04 taper series 29 rotary systems prepare canals more rapidly, and have lower incidences of fracture and blockages, and only limited loss of working length. Canal preparation with K-file was time consuming and showed higher incidence of deformed instruments; overall, rotary instruments seem to offer greater advantages.
Odorant-regulated Ca2+ gradients in rat olfactory neurons

Olfactory neurons respond to odors with a change in conductance that mediates an influx of cations including Ca2+. The concomitant increase in [Cai] has been postulated to play a role in the adaptation to maintained odorant stimulation (Kurahashi, T., and T. Shibuya. 1990. Brain Research. 515:261-268. Kramer, R. H., and S. A. Siegelbaum. 1992. Neuron. 9:897-906. Zufall, F., G. M. Shepherd, and S. Firestein. 1991. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B. 246:225-230.) We have imaged the distribution of [Cai] in rat olfactory neurons (RON) using the Ca2+ indicator fura-2. A large percentage of the RON (42%, n = 35) responded to odorants with an increase in [Cai]. About half of the responding neurons displayed an increase in [Cai] at the apical end of the cell, but not at the soma. Moreover, in those cells that responded to odors with a standing [Cai] gradient, the gradient could be maintained for long periods of time (minutes) provided that the cells were continuously stimulated. In contrast, K(+)-induced depolarization elicited a more homogeneous increase in [Cai]. The spatially inhomogeneous increase in [Cai] elicited by odorants in some cells has important implications for the role of Ca2+ in adaptation because channels and enzymes regulated by Ca2+ will be affected differently depending on their location.
An Empirical Assessment of the Use of Execution Traces in Software Maintenance

One of the most frequent problems faced by software maintainers is to find the location of the code related with specific features. This is a costly task because features tend to be scattered in the code. Considering this problem, several approaches for locating features using dynamic analysis have been developed. Nonetheless, the use of dynamic analysis is not fully incorporated in the daily practice of software maintainers. Empirical studies that reveal strengths and weaknesses of the use dynamic analysis in maintenance tasks can bring better understanding of this problem. This study contributes with an empirical assessment of the use of execution traces on software maintenance. We report on a controlled experiment performed with developers when they were performing actualmaintenance activities on systems of different sizes. There are benefits related with a systematic use of execution traces by reducing the execution time and increasing the correction of the developer task during software maintenance. Also, a lower level of difficulty of the tasks was perceived by the participants using dynamic information. Another conclusion is that the approach seems to be useless in maintenance activities where the problem of feature scattering does not occur clearly. This study also reveals that there are still some challenges related to false negatives.
Suppressed cellular oscillations in after-hours mutant mice are associated with enhanced circadian phase-resetting

The master circadian clock in the brain's suprachiasmatic nuclei provides daily timing cues for other circadian oscillators in the brain and body, and is itself synchronised to the external world through recurring changes in environmental light levels. Here we show that in addition to lengthening circadian period, the after‐hours (Afh) mutation alters daily rhythms in metabolism, and reduces the amplitude of oscillations in circadian timekeepers in the brain and periphery. Such suppression in circadian oscillation could be visualised in single brain cells. Intriguingly, the Afh mutation greatly enhanced resetting of the circadian system to stimuli such as environmental light. Collectively the results indicate unusual consequences of the Afh mutation, from single cells to whole animal physiology and behaviour.
Intriguing empirical relations between teachers’ resilience and reflection on practice

While some teachers experience burnout or literally quit the profession considering their challenging working conditions, others take stress as a challenge and try to improve professionally, a dynamic that could be termed resilience. Literature point out that professional competences are an important personal protective factor enhancing teacher resilience. It also appears that teacher reflection is fairly significant in professional development process. This doctoral study sought to explore the relationship between teachers' resilience and reflection on practice. Twenty-three teachers from seven underprivileged schools participated in this mixed method study. They were invited to complete a quality of work life questionnaire and a daily stress diary, and to participate in a semi-structured interview. The analysis has highlighted four resilience profiles among these teachers: 1) very resilient, 2) resilient, 3) somewhat resilient, and 4) non-resilient. Vertical analysis of four representative cases according to their reflection has shown that low resilience seemed to be related to an increased emphasis on the problems instead of the solutions, and on the environmental instead of the personal reflective contents, and inversely. Despite its limits, this study reveals evidence of empirical relationships between teacher resilience and reflection, and highlights avenues for professional development, and ideas for future research.
Becker‐type muscular dystrophy

This is a review of clinical, cardiologic, electrophysiologic, pathologic, and serum creatine kinase changes in eight families with slowly progressive X‐linked Becker‐type muscular dystrophy. All but one of the patients were able to walk until the age of 16 years, and most lived beyond 20. In every family, electromyography and muscle biopsy showed features which, on the basis of classical criteria, were interpreted as those of both myopathy and denervation, although among patients and among families, one or the other of these processes predominated. The most frequent biopsy picture was of fiber atrophy and hypertrophy, with many split and angulated fibers, and clumps of pyknotic nuclei. Necrosis, phagocytosis, regeneration, endomysial fibrosis, and some fatty infiltration were commonly seen. Review of a family originally described by Becker showed a similar biopsy picture. These pathologic changes are separable from those of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, but they often overlap with those seen in other chronic neuromuscular diseases.
Lactadherin detects early phosphatidylserine exposure on immortalized leukemia cells undergoing programmed cell death

Phosphatidylserine (PS) appears on the outer membrane leaflet of cells undergoing programmed cell death and marks those cells for clearance by macrophages. Macrophages secrete lactadherin, a PS‐binding protein, which tethers apoptotic cells to macrophage integrins.
Deconstruction of Spatial Integrity in Visual Stimulus Detected by Modulation of Synchronized Activity in Cat Visual Cortex

Spatiotemporal relationships among contour segments can influence synchronization of neural responses in the primary visual cortex. We performed a systematic study to dissociate the impact of spatial and temporal factors in the signaling of contour integration via synchrony. In addition, we characterized the temporal evolution of this process to clarify potential underlying mechanisms. With a 10 × 10 microelectrode array, we recorded the simultaneous activity of multiple cells in the cat primary visual cortex while stimulating with drifting sine-wave gratings. We preserved temporal integrity and systematically degraded spatial integrity of the sine-wave gratings by adding spatial noise. Neural synchronization was analyzed in the time and frequency domains by conducting cross-correlation and coherence analyses. The general association between neural spike trains depends strongly on spatial integrity, with coherence in the gamma band (35–70 Hz) showing greater sensitivity to the change of spatial structure than other frequency bands. Analysis of the temporal dynamics of synchronization in both time and frequency domains suggests that spike timing synchronization is triggered nearly instantaneously by coherent structure in the stimuli, whereas frequency-specific oscillatory components develop more slowly, presumably through network interactions. Our results suggest that, whereas temporal integrity is required for the generation of synchrony, spatial integrity is critical in triggering subsequent gamma band synchronization.
Chemical synthesis and characterization of elastin‐like polypeptides (ELPs) with variable guest residues

The properties of elastin‐like polypeptides (ELPs), specifically the fact that they are soluble in aqueous buffers below and aggregate reversibly above a well‐defined transition temperature, are extensively used for protein purification, enzyme recycling, and more recently, for in vivo applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. ELPs are artificial but biocompatible polypeptides composed of pentameric repeats (Val‐Pro‐Gly‐Xaa‐Gly) containing different guest residues Xaa, derived from mammalian elastin. The temperature‐dependent aggregation and desaggregation of ELPs is controlled by composition of the pentameric repeats as well as the number of repetitive units within the ELP. External parameters such as ELP concentration, pH, and most importantly, salt effects heavily influence the transition temperature.
Homework involvement and functions: perceptions of Hong Kong Chinese primary school students and parents

This study examines the perceptions of Chinese students and parents in Hong Kong on homework involvement, assignment type and homework functions. The relationships of homework perceptions to student and parent attributes are also assessed. The sample includes 1393 pairs of students and their parents from 36 primary schools in Hong Kong. Findings of this study show similarities in preference for assignment type across students and parents. Between‐group discrepancies are observed in preference for homework involvement and endorsement of homework functions. Moreover, homework perceptions are found to relate to students’ and parents’ efficacy attributes and involvement behaviour. Findings of this study are discussed in light of the Chinese sociocultural context in Hong Kong. Suggestions are made on the design and use of homework in primary schools by incorporating the views of different stakeholders.
The Negativity Effect in Trait Ratings and in Open-Ended Descriptions of Persons

Two studies addressed the differential impact of unexpected positive versus negative behaviors on trait ratings and free response impression descriptions, using a 2 (Expected Likability) x 2 (Consistency of Subsequent Behavior) design. Unexpected negative behaviors had more impact than unexpected positive behaviors. In Experiment 1, this negativity effect was produced by an increase in ratings on negative traits, rather than a decrease on positive traits. In Experiment 2, unexpected negative behaviors produced an increase in the number of negative traits mentioned in impression descriptions, as well as a decrease in the number of positive traits, suggesting that negative behaviors reduced the accessibility of positive traits. Unexpected positive behaviors increased the number of conditional qualifiers attached to positive attributes, indicating more elaboration in the impressions. Results illustrate that there is more to negativity effects than is revealed by global evaluative ratings.
The impact of a pathway college on reputation and brand awareness for its affiliated university in Sydney

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect that a prospective pathway college affiliated to a large comprehensive university in Sydney may have on the university's reputation. In particular, the association of reputation with preference for a pathway college, brand awareness and the opinion of college brand are examined.Design/methodology/approach – An online survey was conducted in metropolitan Sydney, Australia, and produced 501 questionnaires responses. A correlation study was used to analyse the relationship between variables of preference for college, perceived reputation, brand awareness and opinion of college brand.Findings – The community reacted positively to a prospective college by agreeing that its merit is in providing a second chance for disadvantaged students and added to the diversity profile of the university. Reputation predicted brand awareness, preference for the college and the opinion of the college brand. Teaching quality of the college is found to be the most impo.
An Improvement of Particle Swarm Optimization with A Neighborhood Search Algorithm

J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart first introduced the concept called as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). They applied it to optimize continuous nonlinear functions and demonstrated the effectiveness of the algorithm. Since then a considerable number of researchers have attempted to apply this concept to a variety of optimization problems and obtained reasonable results. In PSO, individuals communicate and exchange simple information with each other. The information among individuals is communicated in the swarm and the information between individuals and their swarm is also shared. Finally, the swarm approaches the optimal behavior. It is reported that reasonable approximate solutions of various types of test functions are obtained by employing PSO. However, if more precise solutions are required, additional algorithms and/or hybrid algorithms would be necessary. For example, the heading vector of the swarm can be slightly adjusted under some conditions. In this paper, we propose a hybrid algorithm to obtain more precise solutions. In the algorithm, when a better solution in the swarm is found, the neighborhood of a certain distance from the solution is searched. Then, the algorithm returns to the original PSO search. By this hybrid method, we can obtain considerably better solutions in less iterations than by the standard PSO method.
Survey, Illustrations and Limits of Game Theory for Cyber-Physical Energy Systems

Abstract Cyber-physical systems integrate physical components and computational processes, setting up reciprocal feedback loops between them. The natural questions arising are how software processes can be integrated with the physical components in a clever way, and which algorithmic approaches have to be considered according to the objectives pursued. This paper presents a non-exhaustive review of game-theoretic approaches applied to cyber-physical energy systems.
Music Lessons, Emotional Intelligence, and IQ

musically trained and untrained participants were administered tests of emotional intelligence and IQ. As in previous research, trained participants scored higher than untrained participants on the IQ Composite score and on its Verbal and Nonverbal subtests. The advantage for the trained group on the Composite score and on the Nonverbal subtest was evident even when gender, parents9 education, family income, and first language were held constant. The groups performed similarly, however, on the test of emotional intelligence, and scores on the IQ test were only weakly correlated with scores on the emotional intelligence test. The results imply that (1) associations between music lessons and nonmusical abilities are limited to intellectual abilities, and/or (2) associations between music lessons and emotional intelligence are not evident on visual- and/or text-based tests of emotional intelligence such as the one used here.