Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Papillomavirus–related Carcinoma With Adenoid Cystic–like Features: A Peculiar Variant of Head and Neck Cancer Restricted to the Sinonasal Tract

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related carcinomas of the head and neck are characterized by a predilection for the oropharynx, a nonkeratinizing squamous morphology, and infection with the HPV 16 type; but comprehensive HPV testing across all head and neck sites has shown that the pathologic features of HPV-related carcinoma may be more wide ranging than initially anticipated. In particular, a subset of sinonasal carcinomas are HPV positive, and these include a variant that is histologically similar to adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Cases were identified by retrospective and prospective analyses of head and neck carcinomas with ACC features. HPV analysis was performed using p16 immunohistochemistry and high-risk HPV in situ hybridization. HPV-positive cases were confirmed and typed using HPV type-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction and further characterized on the basis of their immunohistochemical profile and MYB gene status. HPV was detected in 8 carcinomas of the sinonasal tract, but it was not detected in any ACCs arising outside of the sinonasal tract. The HPV types were 33 (n=6), 35 (n=1), and indeterminate (n=1). Six patients were women, and 2 were men, ranging in age from 40 to 73 years (mean 55 y). The carcinomas were characterized by a nested growth, a prominent basaloid component showing myoepithelial differentiation and forming microcystic spaces, and a minor epithelial component with ductal structures. Squamous differentiation, when present, was restricted to the surface epithelium. The carcinomas were not associated with the MYB gene rearrangement that characterizes a subset of ACCs. These cases draw attention to an unusual variant of HPV-related carcinoma that has a predilection for the sinonasal tract. Despite significant morphologic overlap with ACC, it is distinct in several respects including an association with surface squamous dysplasia, absence of the MYB gene rearrangement, and an association with HPV, particularly type 33. As HPV positivity confers distinct clinicopathologic characteristics when encountered in the oropharynx, a more comprehensive analysis of risk factors, response to therapy, and clinical outcomes is warranted for HPV-related carcinomas of the sinonasal tract.
Performance Evaluation of Priority Queues for Fine-Grained Parallel Tasks on GPUs

Graphics processing units (GPUs) are increasingly applied to accelerate tasks such as graph problems and discreteevent simulation that are characterized by irregularity, i.e., a strong dependence of the control flow and memory accesses on the input. The core data structure in many of these irregular tasks are priority queues that guide the progress of the computations and which can easily become the bottleneck of an application. To our knowledge, currently no systematic comparison of priority queue implementations on GPUs exists in the literature. We close this gap by a performance evaluation of GPU-based priority queue implementations for two applications: discrete-event simulation and parallel A* path searches on grids. We focus on scenarios requiring large numbers of priority queues holding up to a few thousand items each. We present performance measurements covering linear queue designs, implicit binary heaps, splay trees, and a GPU-specific proposal from the literature. The measurement results show that up to about 500 items per queue, circular buffers frequently outperform tree-based queues for the considered applications, particularly under a simple parallelization of individual item enqueue operations. We analyze profiling metrics to explore classical queue designs in light of the importance of high hardware utilization as well as homogeneous computations and memory accesses across GPU threads.
Psychische Störungen und somatoforme Symptome in der ambulanten pädiatrischen Versorgung

Psychological disturbances play an increasingly important role in the pediatric practice. Since the efficacy of early interventions is well proven, screening instruments are of interest that could help pediatrists with the diagnostic procedure. The authors report on the prevalence of psychological disorders and/or somatoform symptoms with their effects on the psychological and health related quality of life in a consecutive representative pediatric population in a rural area. Altogether 511 children, juveniles and their parents participated in the study. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Health Survey (SF-36) and the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI) were administered. The results showed that a great percentage of the children and juveniles who did not primarily attend a pediatrist due to behavior problems did exhibit psychological and emotional disturbances. Among the 11- to 17-year-old children the boys were significantly more disturbed than the girls, based on parent ratings. Furthermore, 49% of the children and juveniles reported indications for somatoform disorders, in 7.2% the DSM-IV criteria for a somatization disorder were fulfilled. Girls met the criteria significantly more often than boys. The subjectively perceived quality of life of the children and juveniles was found to be reduced with the degree of the psychological problems and the degree of somatization.
High-Up: A Remote Reservoir of Microbial Extremophiles in Central Andean Wetlands

The Central Andes region displays unexplored ecosystems of shallow lakes and salt flats at mean altitudes of 3700 m. Being isolated and hostile, these so-called “High-Altitude Andean Lakes” (HAAL) are pristine and have been exposed to little human influence. HAAL proved to be a rich source of microbes showing interesting adaptations to life in extreme settings (poly-extremophiles) such as alkalinity, high concentrations of arsenic and dissolved salts, intense dryness, large daily ambient thermal amplitude, and extreme solar radiation levels. This work reviews HAAL microbiodiversity, taking into account different microbial niches, such as plankton, benthos, microbial mats and microbialites. The modern stromatolites and other microbialites discovered recently at HAAL are highlighted, as they provide unique modern—though quite imperfect—analogs of environments proxy for an earlier time in Earth's history (volcanic setting and profuse hydrothermal activity, low atmospheric O2 pressure, thin ozone layer and high UV exposure). Likewise, we stress the importance of HAAL microbes as model poly-extremophiles in the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying their resistance ability against UV and toxic or deleterious chemicals using genome mining and functional genomics. In future research directions, it will be necessary to exploit the full potential of HAAL poly-extremophiles in terms of their biotechnological applications. Current projects heading this way have yielded detailed molecular information and functional proof on novel extremoenzymes: i.e., DNA repair enzymes and arsenic efflux pumps for which medical and bioremediation applications, respectively, are envisaged. But still, much effort is required to unravel novel functions for this and other molecules that dwell in a unique biological treasure despite its being hidden high up, in the remote Andes.
Agency and Facial Emotion Judgment in Context

Past research showed that East Asians’ belief in holism was expressed as their tendencies to include background facial emotions into the evaluation of target faces more than North Americans. However, this pattern can be interpreted as North Americans’ tendency to downplay background facial emotions due to their conceptualization of facial emotion as volitional expression of internal states. Examining this alternative explanation, we investigated whether different types of contextual information produce varying degrees of effect on one’s face evaluation across cultures. In three studies, European Canadians and East Asians rated the intensity of target facial emotions surrounded with either affectively salient landscape sceneries or background facial emotions. The results showed that, although affectively salient landscapes influenced the judgment of both cultural groups, only European Canadians downplayed the background facial emotions. The role of agency as differently conceptualized across cultures and multilayered systems of cultural meanings are discussed.
Concurrent hash tables: fast and general?(!)

Concurrent hash tables are one of the most important concurrent data structures with numerous applications. Since hash table accesses can dominate the execution time of the overall application, we need implementations that achieve good speedup. Unfortunately, currently available concurrent hashing libraries turn out to be far away from this requirement in particular when contention on some elements occurs. Our starting point for better performing data structures is a fast and simple lock-free concurrent hash table based on linear probing that is limited to word-sized key-value types and does not support dynamic size adaptation. We explain how to lift these limitations in a provably scalable way and demonstrate that dynamic growing has a performance overhead comparable to the same generalization in sequential hash tables. We perform extensive experiments comparing the performance of our implementations with six of the most widely used concurrent hash tables. Ours are considerably faster than the best algorithms with similar restrictions and an order of magnitude faster than the best more general tables. In some extreme cases, the difference even approaches four orders of magnitude.
Running Head: Angiotensin II mediated Ca 2+ signaling in 2K1C.

The aim of this study was to investigate ANG II induced Ca signaling in freshly isolated afferent arterioles (AA) from two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats, which have an elevated plasma and renal angiotensin II (ANG II) level, and different perfusion pressure and vascular tone in the clipped and non-clipped kidney. The Ca responses in vessels from 2K1C and control rats were similar in all groups (p > 0.1). The Cai response in the afferent arteriole after 10 M ANG II stimulation was 0.57 ± 0.10, 0.50 ± 0.07, 0.48 ± 0.04 and 0.36 ± 0.05 in the control, sham, non-clipped and clipped kidney, respectively. These data were consistent with the finding of unchanged AT1aR mRNA levels in AAs from all groups. Although the absolute values were similar, the dose-response curves to ANG II were different. In the control, sham and non-clipped kidney from 2K1C, the dose-response curve levelled off between 10 and 10 M ANG II. In the clipped kidney, the dose-response curve was linear, with a significantly increased response at 10 M compared to 10 M ANG II (p < 0.05). Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with indomethacin enhanced the ANG II response in the non-clipped (∆ 0.30 ± 0.09) and clipped (∆ 0.30 ± 0.09) kidneys from 2K1C (p < 0.005), but not in control rats (∆ -0.02 ± 0.11, p > 0.8). Conclusively, the ANG II induced Cai response was reduced by COX-1 derived prostaglandins in 2K1C, in contrast to control animals, where the COX-1 inhibition had no effect. COX-2 inhibition with NS-398 did not increase the ANG II mediated Cai response in any of the groups. FINAL ACCEPTED VERSION. F-00279-2005.R2 3
Determination of unusual soya and non-soya phytoestrogen sources in beer, fish products and other foods

Fish and fish products (14 samples), Indian foods and meals (10 samples), spices (30 samples) and beers (10 samples) were analysed for their phytoestrogen content, and a number of significant non-soya sources of dietary phytoestrogens were identified. No isoflavones were detected in unprocessed, farmed or ocean fish, but some samples of processed fish products contained soya isoflavones, which are assumed to come from coatings or protein addition. Additionally, some processed fish products contained, genistein glycocongugates not derived from soya. Genistein was detected in Indian meals such that, for example, a single portion of a vindalooo curry contained 11 mg genistein. The origin was most likely from the spices used, since the analysis of curry powders, chilli powder, crushed red chillies, garam masala and tandoori powder revealed that some contained genistein at more than 100 mg kg−1. Cumin was the most likely source material, although not all individual samples of cumin tested contained high levels of genistein. Prenylnaringenin phytoestrogens were determined in UK hop-based beers at mean concentrations of 0.21 mg−1 6-prenylnaringenin and 0.06 mg−1 8-prenylnaringenin. The beers also contained traces of daidzein, genistein and biochanin A. The significance of ‘hidden soya’ in processed foods and these non-soya sources of phytoestrogens is that UK dietary intake of phytoestrogens must be assumed to be higher than estimated previously and that some sources of phytoestrogens remain poorly characterized.
Dark Energy and Inflation from Gravitational Waves

In this seven-part paper, we show that gravitational waves (classical and quantum) produce the accelerated de Sitter expansion at the start and at the end of the cosmological evolution of the Universe. In these periods, the Universe contains no matter fields but contains classical and quantum metric fluctuations, i.e., it is filled with classical and quantum gravitational waves. In such evolution of the Universe, dominated by gravitational waves, the de Sitter state is the exact solution to the self-consistent equations for classical and quantum gravitational waves and background geometry for the empty space-time with FLRW metric. In both classical and quantum cases, this solution is of the instanton origin since it is obtained in the Euclidean space of imaginary time with the subsequent analytic continuation to real time. The cosmological acceleration from gravitational waves provides a transparent physical explanation to the coincidence, threshold and “old cosmological constant” paradoxes of dark energy avoiding recourse to the anthropic principle. The cosmological acceleration from virtual gravitons at the start of the Universe evolution produces inflation, which is consistent with the observational data on CMB anisotropy. Section 1 is devoted to cosmological acceleration from classical gravitational waves. Section 2 is devoted to the theory of virtual gravitons in the Universe. Section 3 is devoted to cosmological acceleration from virtual gravitons. Section 4 discusses the consistency of the theory with observational data on dark energy and inflation. The discussion of mechanism of acceleration and cosmological scenario are contained in Sections 5 and 6. Appendix contains the theory of stochastic nonlinear gravitational waves of arbitrary wavelength and amplitude in an isotropic Universe.
Nanosecond discharge at the interfaces of flat and periodic ripple surfaces of dielectric window with air at varied pressure

The spatial visible light profiles from plasma discharges near the dielectric-air interfaces of flat and periodic triangular surfaces at varied pressure in air were studied using a high-speed ICCD camera. Intense light emitted in a sub-centimeter thickness layer above the dielectric surface was observed. With increasing pressure, the brightness and thickness of the light first increases to maximum at a pressure of about 100 Torr, and then decreases. The nonlinear variation of brightness with pressure may result from the increasing critical density of plasma with pressure while the averaged electron energy decreases with an increased rate of collision with gas atoms and molecules. At a certain range of pressure, the electron energy is close to the peak of the excitation collision cross section, together with very high electron density, leads to maximum brightness and thickness light emission. Both for the flat surface and periodic surface, the light emission duration continuously becomes shorter with increasing pressure. Compared with the flat surface, the light duration for the periodic surface is shorter, especially for pressure below 0.1 Torr, where the duration dramatically decreases and no pulse-tail erosion of breakdown waveform is found. Consequently, the duration and brightness for the flat surface is higher than those for the periodic surface in most of the pressure regime studied here. Electron energy, density, and light emission brightness are studied in the analytical electron dynamic to understand these phenomena.
Using simulation for assessing the real impact of test coverage on defect coverage

The use of test coverage measures (e.g. block coverage) to control the software test process has become an increasingly common practice. This is justified by the assumption that higher test coverage helps achieve higher defect coverage and therefore improves software quality. In practice, data often shows that defect coverage and test coverage grow over time, as additional testing is performed. However, it is unclear whether this phenomenon of concurrent growth can be attributed to a causal dependency or if it is coincidental, simply due to the cumulative nature of both measures. Answering such a question is important as it determines whether a given test coverage measure should be monitored for quality control and used to drive testing. Although this is no general answer to the problem above, we propose a procedure to investigate whether any test coverage criterion has a genuine additional impact on defect coverage when compared to the impact of just running additional test cases. This procedure is applicable in typical testing conditions where the software is tested once, according to a given strategy and where coverage measures are collected as well as defect data. We then test the procedure on published data and compare our results with the original findings. The study outcomes do not support the assumption of a causal dependency between test coverage and defect coverage, a result for which several plausible explanations are provided.
Entering the (Postgraduate) Field: Underrepresented Students' Acquisition of Cultural and Social Capital in Graduate School Preparation Programs

Examining the role of humanities graduate preparation programs in facilitating underrepresented undergraduate students' socialization to the field (social context) of graduate education, this critical multisite case study finds that these programs are crucial to bidirectional anticipatory socialization for graduate education, where one gains new ideas but does not abandon one's background. Additionally, these programs helped in the acquisition of the type of cultural and social capital that are likely to be relevant to disciplinary knowledge, skills, and competencies in graduate education.
The association of drooling and health-related quality of life in children with cerebral palsy

Objective To investigate the association between drooling in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their health-related quality of life (HRQOL), as well as the possible variables that predict their HRQOL. Method A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Children with CP, without other identified disease, aged 2 to 6 years, who drool (n = 33) or did not drool (n = 14), were included. The dependent variables were the physical health summary scores and the psychosocial health summary scores of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0. The t test, Pearson product–moment correlation, Mann–Whitney U test and stepwise regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results The physical health and psychosocial health summary scores of the children that drooled (16.29 ± 15.97 and 42.92 ± 17.57, respectively) were lower than for the children that did not drool (31.97 ± 22.22 and 57.09 ± 12.21, respectively; P < 0.01). The drooling ranking score was negatively correlated with the physical health summary score (r = −0.355; P < 0.05) and the psychosocial health summary score (r = −0.381; P < 0.01). The stepwise regression showed that gross motor development and the drooling ranking score predicted 56.6% of the variability of the physical health summary score (R2 = 0.566; P < 0.01). The language development score predicted 25.6% of the variability of the psychosocial health summary score (R2 = 0.256; P < 0.01). Conclusion Drooling was associated with a lower HRQOL. Prediction of the physical health summary score was more closely associated with gross motor development and the drooling ranking scores. Prediction of the psychosocial health summary score was more closely associated with the language development of children with CP aged 2 to 6 years.
Filipino”Australian Intimacies Online: Love, Romance and ‘Naughty Emoticons’

Internet relationships, particularly those involving ‘Asian’ women and ‘Western’ men, are typically depicted as problematic. This article explores online intimacy between Filipino women and non-Filipino Australian men. It seeks to extend our awareness of the different ways intimacy is understood, measured and materialized online. In exploring how intimacy takes place online and is interpreted by people who may have different emotional repertoires and expectations about what constitutes intimacy, love and romance, the article engages with authenticity, gender performance and the development online of cathexis – trust, intimacy and love – across national and cultural boundaries and offline. In the process, it challenges popular myths about Filipino women, their non-Filipino partners and online relationships in general. The paper is based on ethnographic fieldwork which entailed interviews and participant observation in the Philippines and Australia and on the Internet with Filipino–Australian couples who met each other through some form of Internet technology. It also draws on the author's ethnographic research on Kasal, an online moderated forum that explores ‘Fil–West’ relationships. She highlights how participants use the Internet for relationship negotiation in ways that are meaningful to them.
Are Preferences in Emotional Processing Affected by Distraction? Examining the Age-Related Positivity Effect in Visual Fixation within a Dual-Task Paradigm

ABSTRACT Recent research has suggested that age-related positivity effects are eliminated under conditions of dual-task load (Knight et al., 2007, Emotion, 7, 705; Mather & Knight, 2005, Psychology and Aging, 20, 554), because the cognitive control resources necessary to enact such preferences are not available when individuals are distracted by competing information. We further examined how older adults' emotional information processing preferences are affected by distracting information by utilizing a within-subjects dual-task measure. Younger and older adults viewed a series of positive, negative, and neutral images both in conditions of full and divided attention. Fixation preferences to valenced images were assessed through eye tracking. Regardless of whether images were viewed in full or divided attention conditions, older adults demonstrated a preference in their fixation for positive and neutral in comparison to negative images. These results provide evidence that older adults' positive fixation preferences may not always necessitate full, cognitive control.