Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review and survey of policies utilized for interventional pain procedures: a need for consensus

Background Other than the newly published anticoagulation guidelines, there are currently few recommendations to assist pain medicine physicians in determining the safety parameters to follow when performing interventional pain procedures. Little information exists regarding policies for oral intake, cumulative steroid dose limits, driving restrictions with and without sedation, and routine medication use for interventional procedures. Methods A 16-question survey was developed on common policies currently in use for interventional pain procedures. The questionnaire was distributed through the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine and American Academy of Pain Medicine. We sought to statistically analyze the range of policies being used by pain medicine physicians and to determine if there are any commonly accepted standards. Results A total of 337 physicians out of 4037 members responded to our survey with a response rate of 8.4%. A total of 82% of these respondents used a sedative agent while performing an interventional pain procedure. The majority of respondents required drivers after procedures, except after trigger points. A total of 47% indicated that they have an nil per os (NPO) policy for procedures without sedation. A total of 98% reported that they had an anticoagulation policy before an interventional procedure. A total of 17% indicated that the interval between steroid doses was <2 weeks, while 53% indicated that they waited 2–4 weeks between steroid doses. Conclusion Our study has clearly demonstrated a wide variation in the current practice among physicians regarding sedation, NPO status, steroid administration, and the need for designated drivers. There was much higher endorsement of policies regarding anticoagulation. There is an obvious need for evidence-based guidelines for these aspects of interventional pain care to improve patient safety and minimize the risk of adverse events.
Smart Variations: Functional Substructures for Part Compatibility

As collections of 3D models continue to grow, reusing model parts allows generation of novel model variations. Naïvely swapping parts across models, however, leads to implausible results, especially when mixing parts across different model families. Hence, the user has to manually ensure that the final model remains functionally valid. We claim that certain symmetric functional arrangements (sFarr‐s), which are special arrangements among symmetrically related substructures, bear close relation to object functions. Hence, we propose a purely geometric approach based on such substructures to match, replace, and position triplets of parts to create non‐trivial, yet functionally plausible, model variations. We demonstrate that starting even from a small set of models such a simple geometric approach can produce a diverse set of non‐trivial and plausible model variations.
The Capacity of MIMO Channels with Per-Antenna Power Constraint

We establish the optimal input signaling and the capacity of MIMO channels under per-antenna power constraint. While admitting a linear eigenbeam structure, the optimal input is no longer diagonalizable by the channel right singular vectors as with sum power constraint. We formulate the capacity optimization as an SDP problem and solve in closed-form the optimal input covariance as a function of the dual variable. We then design an efficient algorithm to find this optimal input signaling for all channel sizes. The proposed algorithm allows for straightforward implementation in practical systems in real time. Simulation results show that with equal constraint per antenna, capacity with per-antenna power can be close to capacity with sum power, but as the constraint becomes more skew, the two capacities diverge. Forcing input eigenbeams to match the channel right singular vectors achieves no improvement over independent signaling and can even be detrimental to capacity.
Exchange of information about physical education to support the transition of pupils from primary and secondary school

The purpose of this study was to identify how information about physical education is exchanged between secondary schools and their respective feeder primary schools, what information is exchanged and how this information is used. A secondary purpose was to look at whether there is any relationship between schools engaging in liaison activities and exchanging information about physical education, and between exchanging information and the number of associated secondary schools to which pupils are sent or feeder primary schools from which pupils are received. Questionnaires were sent to 177 secondary and 538 feeder primary schools. Responses from 80 secondary schools and 299 primary schools showed that the highest percentage of teachers exchanged information through written documentation, followed by discussion at cross phase liaison meetings. The type of information exchanged by the highest percentage of teachers was identified as generic information about key stage 2 and 3 of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) areas of activity and schemes of work, rather than information about the specific physical education content covered or information about individual pupils, such as levels of attainment or ability. Further, results suggest that information may be used for pastoral purposes and that only a small percentage of teachers used the information exchanged to plan for continuity and progression in the physical education curriculum. There was a significant positive relationship between engagement in liaison activities and information received about the physical education curriculum followed by pupils, but a significant negative relationship for primary teachers between the number of different secondary schools to which pupils' progress and knowledge about the key stage 3 schemes of work that Year 6 pupils will follow in their associated secondary schools. These results are discussed in relation to continuity and progression in physical education in the transfer of pupils from primary to secondary schools.
The μ2 Subunit of the Clathrin Adaptor AP‐2 Binds to FDNPVY and YppØ Sorting Signals at Distinct Sites

The endocytic sorting signal on the low‐density lipoprotein receptor for clathrin‐mediated internalization is the sequence FDNPVY in the receptor's cytosolic tail. We have used a combination of surface plasmon resonance and crosslinking with a photoactivated peptide probe to demonstrate the interaction between FDNPVY‐containing peptides and the μ2 chain of purified AP‐2 clathrin adaptors (the complexes responsible for plasma membrane sorting). We show that recognition of the FDNPVY signal is mediated by a binding site in the μ2‐subunit that is distinct from the site for the more general YppØ sorting signal, another tyrosine‐based sequence also recognized by μ2‐adaptin. These results suggest the possibility that low‐density lipoprotein receptor uptake may be modulated specifically and independently of other proteins in the clathrin pathway.
Wireless power transfer via RFID technology for wearable device applications

In this paper, we propose that contactless resonance coupling transformers as power transfer systems in wearable smart devices. Then, the wearable device obtains electrical energy from radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Inductive coupling used to transmit the energy to different functional areas in the wearable device drives various integrated circuits. Based on experimental results, this system is a stable and efficient method to transfer energy and signals.
MONITORING TIME-AWARE COMMITMENTS WITHIN AGENT-BASED SIMULATION ENVIRONMENTS

Despite their dynamic nature, social commitments have rarely been used for monitoring purposes. Little attention has been paid to the relationship between commitments and the temporal dimension and to the corresponding run-time verification. Building on previous work, we present a declarative axiomatization of time-aware social commitments, extending their basic life cycle with time-related transitions and compensation mechanisms. The formalization is based on a reactive version of the event calculus, able to monitor the commitment's evolution during a system's execution, to check whether the interacting agents are honoring them or not. The resulting monitoring framework can be used in the context of agent-based simulation, either to dynamically evaluate whether a running simulation is compliant with a commitment-based contract or to provide useful information to the interacting agents, helping them to behave in a compliant manner.
Pedagogy of fear: toward a Fanonian theory of ‘safety’ in race dialogue

In education, it is common to put the condition of ‘safety’ around public race dialogue. The authors argue that this procedural rule maintains white comfort zones and becomes a symbolic form of violence experienced by people of color. In other words, they ask, ‘Safety for whom? ’ A subtle but fundamental violence is enacted in safe discourses on race, which must be challenged through a pedagogy of disruption, itself a form of violence but a humanizing, rather than repressive, version. For this, the authors turn to Frantz Fanon's theory of violence, most clearly outlined in The Wretched of the Earth. First, the article outlines the basic assumptions of Fanon's theory of revolutionary, as opposed to repressive, violence. Second, we analyze the surrounding myths that an actual safe space exists for people of color when it concerns public race dialogue. Third, we critique the intellectualization of racism as part of the concrete violence lived by people of color in the academy, which whites continually reduce to an idea. We pedagogically reframe the racial predicament by promoting a ‘risk’ discourse about race, which does not assume safety but contradiction and tension. This does not suggest that people of color are somehow correct by virtue of their social location. In addition, it does not equate with creating a hostile situation but acknowledges that violence is already there. Finally, we consider the practical import of intellectual solidarity, where understanding racism becomes the higher good rather than whether or not one leaves the dialogue looking more or less racist than before.
Are Classroom and Naturalistic Acquisition the Same?

This article reports a study of the classroom acquisition of German word order rules by adult, successful language learners. Data elicited by an information-gap task performed by 39 learners of L2 Germanat two points in time are used to describe the sequence of acquisition of three obligatory word order rules. A comparison of this sequencewith that reported for naturalistic learners of German revealed no difference, despite the fact that the order in which the rules were introduced and the degree of emphasis given to the rules in the instruction differed from the naturalistic order. The classroom learners, however, did appear to be more successful than the naturalistic learnersin that they reached higher levels of acquisition in a shorter period of time. The results of this study support the claim that the classroom and naturalistic L2 acquisition of complex grammatical features such as word order follow similar routes. They also suggest that classroom learners may learn more rapidly. These findings are discussed with reference to both theories of L2 acquisition and language pedagogy.
Cultural fit and ethnic background in the job interview

Employing an experimental design, we investigated how Norwegian managers’ (N = 78) evaluations and intended hiring decisions varied with job applicants’ ethnic background (immigrant vs. native Norwegian mainstreamer) and the degree to which the candidates’ self-presentation fitted Norwegian cultural norms (level of cultural fit). The participants viewed video clips of applicants whose ethnicity and self-presentation was manipulated. Irrespective of ethnic background, low cultural fit candidates were evaluated as less similar, less likable, less likely to perform well, and as more poorly fitting the managers’ organization. However, low and high cultural fit candidates were evaluated as exhibiting similar levels of person–job fit. Logistic regression analyses showed that low cultural fit candidates were about six times less likely to be hired than high cultural fit candidates. In practice, immigrant applicants are more likely to exhibit low cultural fit. It is concluded that emphasis on cultural fit could easily have a disproportionate effect on immigrants’ chances of being hired, notably if fit is not predictive of job performance.
Inductive Learning for Rule Generation from Ontology

This paper presents an idea of inductive learning use for rule generation from ontologies. The main purpose of the paper is to evaluate the possibility of inductive learning use in rule generation from ontologies and to develop the way how this can be done. Generated rules are necessary to supplement or even to develop the Semantic Web Expert System (SWES) knowledge base. The SWES emerges as the result of evolution of expert system concept toward the Web, and the SWES is based on the Semantic Web technologies. Available publications show that the problem of rule generation from ontologies based on inductive learning is not investigated deeply enough.
Calcium II infrared triplet line models in classical T Tauri stars

We study the formation of the calcium II infrared triplet lines 8498 A, 8542 A and 8662 A, in the accreting magnetospheric flows of Classical T Tauri stars (CTTS), and present a grid of models for a large range of magnetospheric conditions. We apply our models to the interpretation of multi epoch observations of the CTTS DI Cep. We find that these lines form in the magnetospheric infall and that the variability of the Call triplet lines in DI Cep car. be explained in the context of changes in the mass accretion rate/temperature of the accretion column gas.
The Tangled Web of Agricultural Insurance: Evaluating the Impacts of Government Policy

This paper examines the effects of changes in major elements of the U.S. federal crop insurance program on the structure of the agricultural insurance industry. We model the interactions between farmers, insurance agents and insurance companies. Two symmetric equilibria are determined: one with competitive insurance companies and one where insurance companies form a collusive monopsony. We evaluate how marginal changes in government policy (changes in the premium subsidy rate, A&O subsidy rate, and loading factor) affect the insurance premium rate, agent compensation rates, agent effort levels, and market demand for crop insurance. Conditional on no prior government policy, farmers prefer a marginal increase in the premium subsidy rate. This change has the lowest associated net social cost, but is the policy least preferred by insurance companies. The insurance companiesâ€™ most preferred policy is a marginal increase in the A&O subsidy rate, which has the highest associated net social cost, the highest cost to the government, and does not benefit farmers. We also evaluate the consequences of changes in crop prices. If the market for insurance agent services is competitive, then a change in crop prices does not change agent compensation rates, but otherwise the agent compensation rate will change. This result suggests an empirical test regarding insurance company market performance.
INTRACEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

During the past ten years, Forbes and his co-workers have published the results of their experiments on the activity of the cerebral circulation. This work has been confined for the most part to the pial vessels, of which they have worked out in detail the reactions to many agents. More recently, Schmidt and Pierson 1 have studied the activity of the blood flow in the substance of the brain in various areas by means of a thermoelectric method similar to that reported by Gibbs. 2 These studies have thrown a great deal of light on the much disputed subject of the cerebral circulation and have established certain well defined facts concerning its activity. In the hope of adding data in this field, the thermoelectric method of Gibbs was used to study the effect of various agents on the blood flow through the parietal area of the cat's brain. TECHNIC The
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease: evaluation of active electrode contacts

Background: The subthalamic nucleus is the preferred target for deep brain stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. The site of permanent stimulation is the subject of ongoing debate, as stimulation both within and adjacent to the subthalamic nucleus may be effective. Objective: To assess the position of active electrode contacts in relation to the dorsal margin of the subthalamic nucleus as determined by intraoperative microrecordings and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: In 25 patients suffering from severe levodopa sensitive parkinsonism, deep brain stimulating electrodes (n = 49) were implanted following mapping of the subthalamic nucleus by microrecording and microstimulation along five parallel tracks. Postoperative stereotactic radiography and fusion of pre- and postoperative MRI studies were used to determine the stereotactic position relative to the midcommissural point of the most effective electrode contacts selected for permanent stimulation (n = 49). Intraoperative microrecordings were analysed retrospectively to define the dorsal margin of the subthalamic nucleus. In cases where the dorsal margin could be defined in at least three microrecording tracks (n = 37) it was correlated with the position of the active contact using an algorithm developed for direct three dimensional comparisons. Results: Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus resulted in marked improvement in levodopa sensitive parkinsonian symptoms and levodopa induced dyskinesias, with significant improvement in UPDRS III scores. In several instances, projection of the electrode artefacts onto the T2 weighted MRI visualised subthalamic nucleus of individual patients suggested that the electrodes had passed through the subthalamic nucleus. When the actual position of active electrode contacts (n = 35) was correlated with the dorsal margin of the subthalamic nucleus as defined neurophysiologically, most contacts were located either in proximity (± 1.0 mm) to the dorsal border of the subthalamic nucleus (32.4%) or further dorsal within the subthalamic region (37.8%). The other active contacts (29.7%) were detected within the dorsal (sensorimotor) subthalamic nucleus. The average position of all active contacts (n = 49) was 12.8 mm (± 1.0) lateral, 1.9 mm (± 1.4) posterior, and 1.6 mm (± 2.1) ventral to the midcommissural point. Conclusions: Subthalamic nucleus stimulation appears to be most effective in the border area between the upper subthalamic nucleus (sensorimotor part) and the subthalamic area containing the zona incerta, fields of Forel, and subthalamic nucleus projections.
Perspectives on relapse prevention: An exploratory study

This article explores the hypothesis that factors associated with relapse early in a quit attempt may lose their predictive power over time. Participants were 195 recent ex-smokers calling a telephone Quitline. Quitters were interviewed, then re-interviewed three weeks later to determine outcome (relapse or maintenance of attempt). There was strong evidence for a discontinuity in prediction of outcome between those who quit for less than one week, or who reported at least daily strong urges to smoke and those who quit for more than a week who reported less than daily strong urges to smoke. Several variables, including self-efficacy and scales of positive social and negative affect temptations, reversed predictive value. This study provides evidence of a perspective or stage within the Action stage of the TTM. More work is required to confirm both the findings and the exact nature of the discontinuity point.
Distribution of Environmental Mycobacteria in Karonga District, Northern Malawi

ABSTRACT The genus Mycobacterium includes many species that are commonly found in the environment (in soil and water or associated with plants and animals), as well as species that are responsible for two major human diseases, tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae). The distribution of environmental mycobacteria was investigated in the context of a long-term study of leprosy, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination, and the responses of individuals to various mycobacterial antigens in Karonga District, northern Malawi, where epidemiological studies had indicated previously that people may be exposed to different mycobacterial species in the northern and southern parts of the district. A total of 148 soil samples and 24 water samples were collected from various locations and examined to determine the presence of mycobacteria. The detection method involved semiselective culturing and acid-fast staining, following decontamination of samples to enrich mycobacteria and reduce the numbers of other microorganisms, or PCR with primers specific for the mycobacterial 16S rRNA gene, using DNA extracted directly from soil and water samples. Mycobacteria were detected in the majority of the samples, and subsequent sequence analysis of PCR products amplified directly from soil DNA indicated that most of the products were related to known environmental mycobacteria. For both methods the rates of recovery were consistently higher for dry season samples than for wet season samples. All isolates cultured from soil appeared to be strains of Mycobacterium fortuitum. This study revealed a complex pattern for the environmental mycobacterial flora but identified no clear differences between the northern and southern parts of Karonga District.
In a Different Place: Working-class Girls and Higher Education

This article examines the effects of material inequality and gender expectations in structuring working-class girls' aspirations about higher education (HE). Through reference to recent ethnographic work in an inner-London secondary school two key arguments are made about how the combined effects of gender and class limit the social mobility HE is expected to provide. First, it is argued that family ties generate gender-specific obligations for working-class women, which have strong social consequences in terms of the take-up of HE places and labour market participation. This is particularly important since the commitment of working-class girls to home and family has been neglected in many theories of gender and social mobility. Second, it is argued that despite the recent political energy devoted to espousing a democratic HE system, the sense of entitlement to HE entry is, for young working-class people, undermined by a diminishing sense of the right to access middle-class spaces and institutions.
Engagement in learning after errors at work: enabling conditions and types of engagement

This article addresses two research questions concerning nurses’ engagement in social learning activities after errors at work. Firstly, we investigated how this engagement relates to nurses’ interpretations of the error situation and perceptions of a safe team climate. The results indicate that the individual estimation of an error as relevant to learning and the tendency to cover up an error significantly predict nurses’ engagement in social learning activities. Secondly, by applying latent class analysis, we aimed to identify how individuals differ in their interpretations of error situations, their social learning activities after errors and their perceptions of a safe team climate. A reliable four‐class solution was obtained from latent class analyses. Only one class (58.8%) showed a clear orientation towards socially shared reflection and learning from errors. The other classes were characterised by answer profiles that seem incongruent to learning from errors. We discuss implications of these findings for organisational practice as well as for professional and vocational education.