Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Community Detection to Community Profiling

Most existing community-related studies focus on detection, which aim to find the community membership for each user from user friendship links. However, membership alone, without a complete profile of what a community is and how it interacts with other communities, has limited applications. This motivates us to consider systematically profiling the communities and thereby developing useful community-level applications. In this paper, we for the first time formalize the concept of community profiling. With rich user information on the network, such as user published content and user diffusion links, we characterize a community in terms of both its internal content profile and external diffusion profile. The difficulty of community profiling is often underestimated. We novelly identify three unique challenges and propose a joint Community Profiling and Detection (CPD) model to address them accordingly. We also contribute a scalable inference algorithm, which scales linearly with the data size and it is easily parallelizable. We evaluate CPD on large-scale real-world data sets, and show that it is significantly better than the state-of-the-art baselines in various tasks.
Prevalence of Epilepsy in Children

A questionnaire survey for epilepsy was mailed to 2042 families of third‐grade students in Washington County, Md. The final 1866 responses were stratified into 8 groups. It was hypothesized that the percentage of children with epilepsy in Groups 1–3 would be significantly higher than in Groups 4–7. A sample of 200 children was selected for clinical and EEG examination to test this hypothesis and to validate the questionnaire. Of children examined in Group 1, 53% had epilepsy; in Groups 2–3, 8% had epilepsy, in Group 4, 2% had epilepsy. No cases of epilepsy were found in children from Groups 5–7.
Electron-cloud simulations: An update

Recent simulation results and some analytical estimates are presented on beam-induced multipacting in SPS, PS, and LHC. In particular, we discuss modifications to the secondary emission model, electron cloud build up simulated for various filling patterns, central cloud density, electron ‘pinch’ during the bunch passage, expected tune shifts and tune spreads, memory between LHC bunch trains, heat loads in LHC arcs and straight sections, consequences of varying bunch spacing, suppression of multipacting by solenoids, ‘scrubbing’ dose estimates, energy and angular distribution of electrons lost to the wall, and a possible degradation of beam-position monitor signals due to the electron cloud. Special emphasis is placed on the effect of elastically re-scattered electrons, which, if present as modelled, may substantially increase the predicted heat loads for LHC as well as the total number of electrons in the vacuum chamber.
Classic Methods of Face Recognition

Over the past few years, face recognition has been actively studied. Some classic methods of face recognition are introduced in this paper. At first, we give an overview of face recognition and its applications. Then, we will present some classic techniques of face recognition. A brief overview of ORL face database which is usually used to test the performance of these methods is given. At last, we will give a summary of the research results.
Sex linked recessive dystonia parkinsonism of Panay, Philippines (XDP)

Sex linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP), also referred to as “lubag” in American literature, was described in 1975 occurring endemically in Panay, Philippines. It is an adult onset, sex linked, predominantly male, severe, progressive movement disorder with high penetrance and a high frequency of generalisation. The movement disorder is characterised by dystonic movements, usually starting in the 3rd or 4th decade, spreading to generalisation within two to five years. The dystonia coexists or is replaced by parkinsonism usually beyond the 10th year of illness. No treatment has been found to be effective. Neuroimaging shows caudate and putamenal atrophy in patients reaching the parkinsonian stage. Neuropathology reveals pronounced atrophy of the caudate and putamen, mostly in the cases with long standing illness. The sex linked pattern of inheritance has been established. Genetic studies have located the affected gene (DYT3) to Xq13.1, with one group mapping the XDP gene to a < 350 kb locus in the DXS 7117–DXS 559 region.
Assessing Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Comparison of Clinician and Computerized Test Administration

Cognitive impairment is recognized as an important determinant of outcome in schizophrenia, but mental health services generally have little capacity to provide detailed neuropsychological assessments. Computerized testing would overcome this difficulty, provided that such testing was equivalent to testing by a clinician. Given that negative symptoms can include impaired motivation and attention, it is also important to know whether computerized testing is valid in people with more severe negative symptoms. Our study was designed to compare clinician-administered and computerized testing of two domains commonly impaired in schizophrenia, verbal memory and verbal fluency. We also evaluated the effect of negative symptoms on performance on computerized cognitive tests. Sixty-two participants with schizophrenia completed clinician-administered and computerized verbal memory and verbal fluency tasks. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale assessed negative symptom severity. The study found no difference in cognitive performance associated with the method of test administration. This finding held regardless of the severity of negative symptoms. We found that computerized cognitive testing was equivalent to clinician-delivered testing in assessing verbal memory and verbal fluency. This finding was not affected by the presence of negative symptoms. Our results support the use of computerized cognitive testing for people with schizophrenia.
The Automatic Acquisition, Evolution and Reuse of Modules in Cartesian Genetic Programming

This paper presents a generalization of the graph- based genetic programming (GP) technique known as Cartesian genetic programming (CGP). We have extended CGP by utilizing automatic module acquisition, evolution, and reuse. To benchmark the new technique, we have tested it on: various digital circuit problems, two symbolic regression problems, the lawnmower problem, and the hierarchical if-and-only-if problem. The results show the new modular method evolves solutions quicker than the original nonmodular method, and the speedup is more pronounced on larger problems. Also, the new modular method performs favorably when compared with other GP methods. Analysis of the evolved modules shows they often produce recognizable functions. Prospects for further improvements to the method are discussed.
Alternative splicing, phylogenetic analysis, and craniofacial expression of zebrafish tbx22

Mutations in human TBX22 cause X‐linked cleft palate with ankyloglossia syndrome (CPX; OMIM 303400). Since the secondary palate was an adaptation to breathing on land, we characterized zebrafish tbx22 to study molecular mechanisms regulating early vertebrate craniofacial patterning. Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) analyses revealed two zebrafish tbx22 splice isoforms, tbx22‐1 and tbx22‐2, encoding proteins of 444 and 400 amino acids, respectively. tbx22‐1 resembles canonical Tbx22 orthologs, while tbx22‐2 lacks conserved N‐terminal sequence. Developmental RT‐PCR revealed that tbx22‐1 is maternally and zygotically expressed, while tbx22‐2 is expressed zygotically. WISH analyses revealed strong tbx22 mRNA expression in ectomesenchyme underlying the stomodeum, a bilaminar epithelial structure demarcating early mouth formation, and in early presumptive jaw joints. Zebrafish tbx22 expression mirrored some aspects of mammalian Tbx22, consistent with roles in early vertebrate face patterning. These studies identify an early transcription factor governing vertebrate facial development, which may underlie common craniofacial birth disorders. Developmental Dynamics 238:1605–1612, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The time-course of metal ( Ca , Cd , Cu , Pb , Zn ) accumulation from a contaminated soil by three populations of the earthworm , Lumbricus rubellus

Adult earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), sampled from a metal-contaminated site (Cwmystwyth Cottage) and two reference sites (acidic, Caerf®li; calcareous, Dinas Powys), were maintained on metalliferous Cwmystwyth Cottage soil in the laboratory for up to 90 days. All three populations accumulated Cd, Pb and Zn for at least the ®rst 60 days of laboratory exposure, while Cu and Ca concentrations were maintained fairly constant throughout. The experiment did not prove conclusively that the native worms maintained on their own contaminated soil had the capacity to accumulate higher burdens of non-essential toxic metals (Cd and Pb) than the introduced reference worms. Finally, the reference population naturally inhabiting the Ca-poor acidic soil (Caerf®li) accumulated or maintained tissue Ca concentrations more ef®ciently than the second reference population (Dinas Powys) and `native' population (Cwmystwyth Cottage), both naturally inhabiting relatively Ca-rich soils. # 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Kinetics of redox interaction between substituted 1,4-benzoquinones and ascorbate under aerobic conditions: critical phenomena.

Redox cycling is believed to be the most general molecular mechanism of quinone (Q) cytotoxicity. Along with redox cycling induced by a reductase, a similar process is known to occur via electron transfer from ascorbate (AscH-) to Q with formation of a semiquinone radical (Q.-): (1) Q + AscH- (k1)--> Q. - + Asc. - + H+ (2) Q. - + O2 --> Q + O2. -. The net effect of reactions (1) and (2) provides for the catalytic oxidation of AscH-, with Q serving as a catalyst. In this work, the kinetics of oxygen consumption accompanying this process were studied with several substituted 1,4-benzoquinones (BQ) at 37 degrees C in phosphate buffer, pH 7.40, using the Clark electrode technique. The value of k1 determined from the initial rate of oxygen consumption was typically found to increase when the one-electron reduction potential E(Q/Q.-) shifted to more positive values. With Q, for which E(Q/Q.-) is less than -100 mV, the rate of oxygen uptake (R(OX)) was found to be directly correlated with the [Q][AscH-] value independent of the concentration of individual reagents, remaining constant for a long period. With mono- and dialkyl-substituted 1,4-BQs, for which E(Q/Q.-) is higher than -100 mV, significant deviations from the above simple kinetic regularities were observed. In particular, R(OX) decreased dramatically with time and critical phenomena (the existence of certain concentrations of Q and/or AscH- above or below which the catalytic oxidation of AscH- ceased completely after a non-stationary period of short duration) were observed. These abnormalities can be explained on the basis of the kinetic scheme which contains, in addition to reactions (1) and (2), several side reactions including that between Q. - and AscH-. Implications of critical phenomena discovered in this study for the problems of Q toxicity and vitamin C avitaminosis are discussed.
Cutaneous T-cell non Hodgkin lymphoma in a patient with idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia.

and extrinsic factors including hair cycle-dependent changes, racial and gender differences, environmental influences, genetic defects and age-associated changes. Recently, there has been tremendous research to elucidate mechanisms of age related selective destruction of follicular melanocytes, evidenced by graying of hair with sparing of epidermal melanocytes. It has been observed that the follicular-melanin unit of greying hair is associated with increased melanocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress, which could be the result of impaired antioxidant mechanisms. [6] A similar free radical injury can possibly explain our finding of white hair in the psoriatic plaques, since psoriasis is an inflammatory disorder with increased cell turnover. However, the fact that this observation has never been reported previously in psoriasis, which is a relatively common disease, remains an enigma.
Linear-Size Approximations to the Vietoris–Rips Filtration

The Vietoris–Rips filtration is a versatile tool in topological data analysis. It is a sequence of simplicial complexes built on a metric space to add topological structure to an otherwise disconnected set of points. It is widely used because it encodes useful information about the topology of the underlying metric space. This information is often extracted from its so-called persistence diagram. Unfortunately, this filtration is often too large to construct in full. We show how to construct an O(n)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$O(n)$$\end{document}-size filtered simplicial complex on an n\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$n$$\end{document}-point metric space such that its persistence diagram is a good approximation to that of the Vietoris–Rips filtration. This new filtration can be constructed in O(nlogn)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$O(n\log n)$$\end{document} time. The constant factors in both the size and the running time depend only on the doubling dimension of the metric space and the desired tightness of the approximation. For the first time, this makes it computationally tractable to approximate the persistence diagram of the Vietoris–Rips filtration across all scales for large data sets. We describe two different sparse filtrations. The first is a zigzag filtration that removes points as the scale increases. The second is a (non-zigzag) filtration that yields the same persistence diagram. Both methods are based on a hierarchical net-tree and yield the same guarantees.
Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the N Terminus of Translational Initiation Factor eIF4G-1 Reveals Novel Isoforms*

In eukaryotes, translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) acts as the central binding protein for an unusually large number of proteins involved in mRNA metabolism. Several gene products homologous to eIF4G have been described, the most studied being eIF4G-1. By its association with other initiation factors, eIF4G-1 effects mRNA cap and poly(A) recognition, unwinding of secondary structure, and binding to the 43S initiation complex. Multiple electrophoretic isoforms of eIF4G-1 are observed, and multiple cDNAs have been reported, yet the relationship between the two is not known. We report here a new cDNA for eIF4G-1, present as a previously unidentified human expressed sequence tag, that extends the long open reading frame, provides a new in-frame initiation codon, and predicts a longer form of eIF4G-1 than reported previously. eIF4G isoforms from human K562 cells were cleaved with recombinant Coxsackievirus 2A protease and the N- terminal domains purified by m7GTP-Sepharose chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins were digested with proteolytic enzymes and peptides masses determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. In selected cases, peptides were sequenced by electrospray-mass spectrometry fragmentation. This identified the N termini of the three most abundant eIF4G-1 isoforms, two of which had not previously been proposed. These proteins appear to have been initiated from three different AUG codons.
Owner misperception of canine body condition persists despite use of a body condition score chart*

Canine obesity is a prevalent disease, but many owners are unaware of it, partly due to misperception of their dog's body shape. Body condition scoring (BCS) is a simple method of assessing body composition, but whether it can reduce owner misperception is unclear. Our aim was to determine the effect of a BCS system on owners' ability to estimate the body condition of their dog. Information from 110 dog owners attending three UK veterinary practices was gathered, by interview, between March and April 2013. First, owners were asked to determine their dog's body condition without guidance, and then reassess it using a five-point BCS chart. Most owners (85/110, 77 %) believed the chart to have improved their ability to estimate the condition of their dog correctly. However, only a weak agreement existed between owner estimates and those of the primary investigator, both with (kappa (κ) = 0·28; P < 0·001) and without (κ = 0·32; P < 0·001) the BCS chart. Furthermore, most owners incorrectly estimated their dog's body condition, both with (71/110; 64 %) and without (72/110; 65 %) the chart (P = 1·00), with underestimation being most common (with = 63/71, 89 %; without = 66/72, 92 %; P = 0·57). Owners of overweight dogs more commonly misperceived their dog's body condition, both with (BCS 1–3: 5/35, 14 %; BCS 4–5: 64/75, 85 %; P < 0·001) and without (BCS 1–3: 10/35, 28 %; BCS 4–5: 61/75, 81 %; P < 0·001) the BCS chart. Thus, use of a five-point BCS chart does not improve accuracy of owners' perception of their dog's body shape, despite the accompanying perception that it does.
New Colistin Population Pharmacokinetic Data in Critically Ill Patients Suggesting an Alternative Loading Dose Rationale

ABSTRACT Colistin is an old antibiotic that has recently gained a considerable renewal of interest as the last-line defense therapy against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. It is administered as colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), an inactive prodrug, and it was shown that due to slow CMS conversion, colistin plasma concentrations increase very slowly after treatment initiation, which constitutes the rationale for a loading dose in critically ill patients. However, faster CMS conversion was observed in healthy volunteers but using a different CMS brand, which may also have a major impact on colistin pharmacokinetics. Seventy-three critically ill patients not undergoing dialysis received multiple doses of CMS. The CMS concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and a pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using a population approach. We confirmed that CMS renal clearance and colistin concentrations at steady state are mostly governed by creatinine clearance, but we predict a typical maximum concentration of drug in serum (Cmax) of colistin close to 2 mg/liter, occurring 3 h after an initial dose of 2 million international units (MIU) of CMS. Accordingly, the estimated colistin half-life (t1/2) was relatively short (3.1 h), with rapid attainment of steady state. Our results are only partially consistent with other recently published results. We confirm that the CMS maintenance dose should be adjusted according to renal function in critically ill patients. However, much higher than expected colistin concentrations were observed after the initial CMS dose, with rapid steady-state achievement. These discrepancies challenge the pharmacokinetic rationale for a loading dose, which may still be appropriate for rapid bacterial eradication and an improved clinical cure rate.
Does Timing of Implant Placement Affect Implant Therapy Outcome in the Aesthetic Zone? A Clinical, Radiological, Aesthetic, and Patient-Based Evaluation.

PURPOSE To compare five different implant treatment protocols in the anterior maxilla, including immediate, early, and delayed implant placement, as well as implant placement in conjunction with simultaneous guided bone regeneration and implant placement 3 months following horizontal autologous bone block grafting. MATERIAL AND METHODS Aesthetic indices used included the Pink Esthetic Score (PES), Papilla Index (PI), Subjective Esthetic Score (SES), and White Esthetic Score (WES). Subjective evaluation of implant aesthetics was performed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The VAS consisted of a 10 cm-long line representing the degree of discontent (0%) or satisfaction (100%). RESULTS A total of 153 implants in 153 patients (80 women, 73 men) were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 4.5 ± 2.9 years. Mean peri-implant bone loss was 1.6 ± 0.9 mm and not affected by treatment protocol, time after implant placement, or crown length. Papilla presence, by contrast, differed significantly between the protocols: Papilla formation was more pronounced following delayed and immediate implant placement. No statistical significance was found among treatment modalities with regard to PES, SES, or WES. Longer crowns were associated with lower PES and PI ratings and correlated with greater midfacial recession. SES was also influenced by time after implant placement and keratinized mucosa. Patient satisfaction differed significantly among treatment protocols, favoring immediate implant placement. Agreement between objective and subjective aesthetic ratings was low. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that comparable clinical, radiological, and aesthetic results can be achieved with all treatment protocols. Gingival recession, however, seems to occur in the long term irrespective of the technique used.
Phase-Wise Clustering of Time Series Gene Expression Data

Extensive studies have shown that analyzing micro array time series data is important in bioinformatics research and biomedical applications. An observation in the analysis of gene expression data is that many genes have similarity in their expression patterns and therefore appear to be co-regulated. Previously, the time series gene expression data was analyzed mainly by checking the global similarities between the gene expression profiles and local similarities were overlooked. Local similarities can provide useful insight into gene behavior. In this paper, we propose a clustering algorithm for analyzing the time series gene expression data to identify the gene clusters based on the phase-wise local similarities in the cell cycle. Our approach exploits the fact that the genes which are involved in one phase of a cell cycle would have a characteristic profile for time points belonging to that phase and may not be involved in other phases. Moreover, a gene that is clustered with a set of genes in one phase might be involved with a different set of genes in other phases. In the proposed approach, we first clustered the genes at every time point of a phase and group genes with similar expression profiles, i.e., we group those genes together which remain in the same cluster at every time point within a phase. The functions of genes were obtained from Gene Ontology. In this paper, the results are presented for different phases of a cell cycle. Candidate genes are identified for these phases and their groups are analyzed. We found that the group of candidate genes had few genes which are known to be involved. Furthermore, some genes are found to be involved in more than one phase with different set of genes. Results presented show that local similarities can provide useful insight into gene behavior. Results are compared with an existing algorithm, STEM. We have used a saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle micro array database which is part of the Stanford Micro array Database (SMD).