Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vocabulary Patterns in Free-for-all Collaborative Indexing Systems

In collaborative indexing systems users generate a big amount of metadata by labelling web-based content. These labels are known as tags and form a shared vocabulary. In order to understand the characteristics of that vocabulary, we study structural patterns of these tags by implying the theory of self-organizing systems. Therefore, we utilize the graph theoretic notion to model the network of tags and their valued connections, which represent frequency rates of co-occurring tags. Empirical data is provided by the free-for-all collaborative indexing systems Delicious, Connotea and CiteULike. First, we measure the frequency distribution of co-occurring tags. Secondly, we correlate these tags towards their rank over time. Results indicate a strong relationship among a few tags as well as a notable persistence of these tags over time. Therefore, we make the educated guess that the observed collaborative indexing systems are self-organizing systems towards a shared vocabulary building. Implications on the results are the presence of semantic domains based on high frequency rates of co-occurring tags, which reflect topics of interest among the user community. When observing those semantic domains over time, that information can be used to provide a historical or trend-setting development of the community's interests, thus enhancing collaborative indexing systems in general as well as providing a new tool to develop community-based products and services at the same time.
Visions of Research in Music Education

A short pilot study was designed to examine whether choral conducting in a rehearsal context, and the gestures (those gestures determined by the teacher–conductor as being effective) used in teaching an undergraduate conducting class are related. This idea that these contexts are related is widely acknowledged and supported within both choral conducting literature, and more general educational literature (Apfelstadt, 1997; Decker & Kirk, 1992; Durrant, 2003; Green, 1981; Roe, 1983; Thomas, 1979; Wis, 2002) but as yet, has not been subject to systematic research. To this end, a pilot observation took place in October 2005 at the Musikhochschule, in Stuttgart, South West Germany. The researcher used digital video to capture the hand gestures that the choral conductor used in a rehearsal, and secondly, in teaching an undergraduate conducting class. The research focused on determining and validating the observed gestures by seeking agreement from a panel of judges on (a) literally what the observed gestures were and (b) an interpretation of what the gestures were trying to convey. The evidence base embraced field notes and observation; video data; structured interviews with the conductor; and independent rating of the observation data. The research 1 Litman: The Relationship Between Gesture and Sound Published by OpenCommons@UConn, 2006
On the role and design of selection-based perception

One of the challenges of research in machine perception today is filling the gap between researchers and engineers, general algorithms and development of working systems. Key performance issues like robustness, adaptability, flexibility and real-time must be pursued together with simplicity of design. These requirements have accentuated the interest in multi-modular systems and data fusion. The literature has proposed two main paradigms of multi-modular fusion: redundancy (or combination) and selection (or switching). We compare the relative advantages and complementary uses of the two paradigms. Then we focus on selection, which seems to attract less attention than redundancy -at least in machine vision, where we operate. After summarizing our work on a selection-based fusion scheme named context commutation, we describe a methodology in ten steps to design selection-based systems. With this paper, we hope to contribute to the understanding of selection as an additional tool for researchers and engineers working on machine perception.
Unsupervised Adaptive Event Detection for Building-Level Energy Disaggregation

The need for energy disaggregation increases with the need for a more detailed understanding and more accurate estimates about the energy usage. One of the main approaches for energy disaggregation is Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). NILM refers to the analysis of the aggregate power consumption of electric loads in order to recognize the existence and the consumption profile of each individual appliance. While there exist non event-based NILM systems, many NILM systems follow the event-based approach in the sense that they rely mainly on the detection and classification of events in the aggregate electrical signal. In this paper, we describe our work on developing an event detector suitable for unsupervised NILM systems. The proposed event detector is capable of accurately defining the times limits of each transition interval in the power signal. This feature is very important specially for NILM systems that depend on transient features. The detector is tested on the publicly available BLUED dataset and shows event detection results more than 98%. Test results of a complete unsupervised NILM system using the proposed detector are also provided and show possible disaggregation up to 92% of the energy. Moreover, the system has been utilized in an energy-disaggregation competition held by Belkin and achieved a score within the top ten results with disaggregation value of 93.41% of the total time.
The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality in the Relationship Between Personality and Subjective Well-Being

The literature has shown that personality is linked with subjective well-being. However, the nature of this link and its underlying mechanisms require further investigation. This study examined the potential associations between personality traits and facets of subjective well-being, when the effects of the demographic variables were taken into account. This study also tested the mediating role of sleep quality in these associations. In late 2013, a national probability sample of Australian residents (N = 13,424; M age = 44.3 years; 47% male) completed a questionnaire comprising measures of personality, subjective well-being, sleep quality, and demographic variables. Structural equation modeling showed that when controlling for the demographic variables, each personality trait was uniquely related to facets of subjective well-being. The results also demonstrated that sleep quality partially mediated these associations. Individuals showing higher levels of extraversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability reported better sleep quality and greater subjective well-being, whereas individuals displaying greater agreeableness reported worse sleep quality and poorer subjective well-being. These results differentiated the personality traits in terms of their connections with the facets of subjective well-being and highlighted the potential role of good sleep quality in promoting subjective well-being.
Insights into Entity Recommendation in Web Search

User engagement is a fundamental goal for search engines. Recommendations of entities that are related to the user's original search query can increase engagement by raising interest in these entities and thereby extending the user's search session. Related entity recommendations have thus become a standard feature of the interfaces of modern search engines. These systems typically combine a large number of individual signals (features) extracted from the content and interaction logs of a variety of sources. Such studies, however, do not reveal the contribution of individual features, their importance and interaction, or the quality of the sources. In this work, we measure the performance of entity recommendation features individually and by combining them based on a novel dataset of 4.5K search queries and their related entities, which have been evaluated by human assessors.
Implicit Timing as the Missing Link between Neurobiological and Self Disorders in Schizophrenia?

Disorders of consciousness and the self are at the forefront of schizophrenia symptomatology. Patients are impaired in feeling themselves as the authors of their thoughts and actions. In addition, their flow of consciousness is disrupted, and thought fragmentation has been suggested to be involved in the patients’ difficulties in feeling as being one unique, unchanging self across time. Both impairments are related to self disorders, and both have been investigated at the experimental level. Here we review evidence that both mechanisms of motor control and the temporal structure of signal processing are impaired in schizophrenia patients. Based on this review, we propose that the sequencing of action and perception plays a key role in the patients’ impairments. Furthermore, the millisecond time scale of the disorders, as well as the impaired sequencing, highlights the cooperation between brain networks including the cerebellum, as proposed by Andreasen (1999). We examine this possibility in the light of recent knowledge on the anatomical and physiological properties of the cerebellum, its role in timing, and its involvement in known physiological impairments in patients with schizophrenia, e.g., resting states and brain dynamics. A disruption in communication between networks involving the cerebellum, related to known impairments in dopamine, glutamate and GABA transmission, may help to better explain why patients experience reduced attunement with the external world and possibly with themselves.
Improving Graph-based Dependency Parsing with Decision History

This paper proposes an approach to improve graph-based dependency parsing by using decision history. We introduce a mechanism that considers short dependencies computed in the earlier stages of parsing to improve the accuracy of long dependencies in the later stages. This relies on the fact that short dependencies are generally more accurate than long dependencies in graph-based models and may be used as features to help parse long dependencies. The mechanism can easily be implemented by modifying a graph-based parsing model and introducing a set of new features. The experimental results show that our system achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on the standard PTB test set for English and the standard Penn Chinese Treebank (CTB) test set for Chinese.
The 2004 MetroBots Four-legged League Team

This paper describes the MetroBots Four-legged league team as it stands in May 2004. The code we are currently running is a direct extension of that developed for RoboCup 2003, but now that the robots can localize we are already able to extend the functionality considerably. We briey describe our RoboCup-related research directions, and give pointers to additional material that covers them in more detail.
Vulnerability, Agency and the Ambivalence of Place in Narratives of Rape in Three High-Profile Swedish Cases

ABSTRACT For decades, the media have frequently been instrumental in framing rape cases by linking the deed with the place. This study demonstrates that law courts are not innocent of such social framing; on the contrary, they are significant agents. We argue that courts, by shaping the plot in rape cases, participate in an ongoing cultural production of meaning, although in a more subtle and ambivalent way than the media. In a narrative analysis of three contemporary rape cases in Sweden, we bring together feminist research on place with the concepts of vulnerability and agency. We argue that place is framed as ambivalent in relation to vulnerability and agency, and dependent on the positioning of plaintiff and defendant. In court narratives, geographical places are made relevant, including the locations where the alleged rapes took place. Court narratives of rape include highly ambivalent connotations with place in relation to vulnerability and agency, distinguished by different narratives and outcomes in the various instances. The legal and social implications of our work should include an awareness of the relevance of place in relation to rape.
“English is a mishmash of everything”: Examining the language attitudes and teaching beliefs of British Asian multilingual teachers

ABSTRACT The author reports on a qualitative investigation of the language attitudes of multilingual British South Asian English language teachers. Data are drawn from both interviews and focus groups to demonstrate the participants underlying conception of language and their awareness and attitudes toward Indian English and how they coalesce their “duty” as English language teachers and their beliefs about language variation. The author observes underlying differences in the attitudes of first- and second-generation migrants and argues that this is related to their early experiences of English language variation and their exposure to either single- or dual-language ideologies. Therefore, the author supports other research that attitudes related to “correct” language is ingrained in childhood experiences. It is also argued that changes are required in current teacher training to raise awareness of World Englishes and English as a lingua franca to equip teachers with the necessary skills to respond to a new global linguistic landscape.
Florida Current frontal eddies and the settlement of coral reef fishes

We deployed three replicate larval light traps off the upper Florida Keys from June‐September 2001 to measure the delivery of settlement‐stage fish larvae to the coral reefs. Nightly measures of larval abundance were compared to water temperatures measured across the outer reef, nearby wind records, and the alongshore and cross‐shelf components of the currents measured at the seaward edge of the reef. These time series, together with satellitederived sea surface temperature and color fields indicate that a very large multi‐taxa larval pulse on 20 July was directly associated with the passage of a Florida Current (FC) sub‐mesoscale frontal eddy embedded within the elongated remnant of a mesoscale eddy. A second large pulse of larvae occurred when a similar mesoscale eddy passed the upper Keys in mid‐June. Periods of increased tidal bore activity occurred with the passage of these eddies. Semidiurnal internal tides caused near‐bottom onshore intrusions of cooler slope waters during periods of onshore meanders of the FC front when the downstream baroclinic flow and stratification increased at the reef margin. The high abundance and similarity in larval ages within taxa on 20 July indicate a Keys shelf origin, although the temporal and spatial scales of entrainment cannot be resolved. The passage of a third mesoscale eddy in September did not result in a larval pulse, possibly because of a mismatch between biological and physical criteria, several of which must be met for larval transport by mesoscale eddies to be successful.
Nivel de rigor científico de las tesis de Maestría en Educación, el caso de una Universidad Pública

The present research had as objective to identify, through evaluation, scientific rigor level ofthe masters’ theses in education of a public university. We used the documentary analysistechnique; an instrument was made to evaluate the master´s thesis and was validated by theexperts judgment technique. The population was made of a total of 126 master’s thesespublished between the years 2012 and 2014, and of a quantitative type, a sample of 72master’s theses were taken for analysis applying stratified sampling per year publicationand were selected randomly. We evaluated each of the theses that were obtained from theEducation Faculty Library. We evaluated each of the theses that were retrieved from theEducation Faculty Library and we identified to what level they belonged on a scale of five:high, very high, medium, low and very low. After the descriptive statistical analysis, we candetermine that most of the theses correspond to the average level of Scientific Rigor.
Mast cell stabilizer ketotifen reduces hyperalgesia in a rodent model of surgically induced endometriosis

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral treatment with ketotifen, a mast cell (MC) stabilizer, in a rat model of surgically induced endometriosis. Methods: At 14 days after Sprague–Dawley rats had surgery, they were treated with ketotifen (1 or 10 mg/kg/day). Pain behaviors were evaluated 3 days prior to surgery and then at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after surgery. At day 28, rats were sacrificed and all samples were then processed for biochemical studies. Results: We found that ketotifen-treated rats showed significantly shorter duration of hyperalgesia (p<0.05); smaller cyst diameter (p<0.05) and lower histopathologic score (p<0.001); significantly lower MC number and degranulation (p<0.001), blood vessel number (p<0.001), lower expression levels of nerve growth factor (p<0.001), cyclooxygenase-2 (p<0.001), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (p<0.001), and vascular endothelial growth factor (p<0.05) in cysts, and nerve growth factor (p<0.001) and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (p<0.001) in dorsal root ganglia; and lower histamine (p<0.05) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p<0.05) concentrations in serum compared with placebo-treated animal subjects. Conclusion: Oral treatment with ketotifen significantly suppressed the development of hyperalgesia, probably by modulating MC activity in cysts, thereby reducing peripheral sensitization due to noxious signals from endometriotic lesions. Our results suggest that ketotifen may inhibit the development of endometriotic lesions and hyperalgesia in rats.
Relative Effect of CO2 on Canine Coronary Vascular Resistance

We determined the effect of alterations in coronary arterial Pco, on coronary vascular resistance (CVR) at a constant coronary sinus (CS) Po, and the effect of coronary arterial Po, variation on CVR at a constant CS Pco,. A linear but opposing effect on CVR was found for both gases. The sensitivity of CVR to O, change, represented as CVR/CS Po2 was approximately twice that of the ratio CVR/CS Pco,. (0.0852 ± 0.006 vs.−0.0362 ± 0.005). The entire range of CVR variation obtainable through CO, variation was as great as that resulting from O, variation. During randomized variation of O, and CO2 CVR can be mathematically related in a multiple linear expression to CS Po, and CS Pco,.
BEET CUT-OFF IRRIGATION AS EFFICIENT WAY IN WATER SAVING

Under surface irrigation, particularly in clay soils cut-off technique is considered as one of the most practical way in saving irrigation water that traditional farmers could be easily implemented. Such farming way is processing through find out the optimum length of irrigation run at which watering should be stopped instead of irrigation till the tail end of the furrows or borders. Such procedure resulting in reducing amounts of water pathways and the advancement movement of the accumulated water after stopping irrigation used in watering the remaining un-irrigated area. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during the two successive growing seasons 2002 and 2003 to find out the role of cut-off procedure on beet saving irrigation water and water use efficiencies. Three irrigation run treatments were tested; 100% (A), 90% (B) and 80% (C) from furrow length. Main findings can be summarized as follows: Seasonal water applied for sugar beet in north Nile delta is ranged between 2979 to 2558 m 3 (71-61 cm) for treatments A the traditional without cut-off and C with 80%
Glycyrrhizin Attenuates Toll Like Receptor-2, -4 and Experimental Vasospasm in a Rat Model

Upregulated TLRs are observed in the serum of animals following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study was to examine glycyrrhizin's effect on proinflammatory cytokines and TLRs in SAH rats. Administration with glycyrrhizin was initiated 24 hr before and 1 hr later using osmotic minipump. Basilar arteries were harvested to examine TLRs mRNA and protein (rt-PCR and western blot) and CSF cytokines (rt-PCR). Morphologically, deformed endothelium, tortuous elastic lamina, and smooth muscle necrosis were observed in the SAH rats, but were absent in the glycyrrhizin pretreatment group. The TLR-3 protein level was not increased in SAH animals, compared with the controls, while that of TLR-2 and -4 in the SAH only and SAH plus vehicle groups was significantly elevated (P < 0.01). Pretreatment and treatment with glycyrrhizin reduced TLR-2 and -4 by 28 ± 8% and 33.4 ± 9.2%, respectively. Likewise, glycyrrhizin was able to reduce the IL-1β and MCP-1 mRNA levels. This study shows glycyrrhizin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on SAH induced vasospasm and attenuates the ultrashort time expression of TLRs, like TLR-2 and -4. It corresponds to SAH induced early brain injury. These findings offer credit to the antivasospastic effect of glycyrrhizin and its effect on SAH induced early brain injury.
The Contribution of Multiple Use Forest Management to Small Farmers' Annual Incomes in the Eastern Amazon

Small-scale farmers in the Brazilian Amazon collectively hold tenure over more than 12 million ha of permanent forest reserves, as required by the Forest Code. The trade-off between forest conservation and other land uses entails opportunity costs for them and for the country, which have not been sufficiently studied. We assessed the potential income generated by multiple use forest management for farmers and compared it to the income potentially derived from six other agricultural land uses. Income from the forest was from (i) logging, carried out by a logging company in partnership with farmers’ associations; and (ii) harvesting the seeds of Carapa guianensis (local name andiroba) for the production of oil. We then compared the income generated by multiple-use forest management with the income from different types of agrarian systems. According to our calculations in this study, the mean annual economic benefits from multiple forest use are the same as the least productive agrarian system, but only 25% of the annual income generated by the most productive system. Although the income generated by logging may be considered low when calculated on an annual basis and compared to incomes generated by agriculture, the one-time payment after logging is significant (US$5,800 to US$33,508) and could be used to implement more intensive and productive cropping systems such as planting black pepper. The income from forest management could also be used to establish permanent fields in deforested areas for highly productive annual crops using conservation agriculture techniques. These techniques are alternatives to the traditional land use based on periodic clearing of the forest. Nevertheless, the shift in current practices towards adoption of more sustainable conservation agriculture techniques will also require the technical and legal support of the State to help small farmers apply these alternatives, which aim to integrate forest management in sustainable agricultural production systems.