Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Representations of the Quantum Algebra Uq(un, 1)

The main aim of the paper is to study infinite-dimensional representations of the real form Uq(un, 1) of the quantized universal enveloping algebra Uq(gln + 1). We investigate the principal series of representations of Uq(un, 1) and calculate the intertwining operators for pairs of these representations. Some of the principal series representations are reducible. The structure of these representations is determined. Then we classify irreducible representations of Uq(un, 1) obtained from irreducible and reducible principal series representations. All *-representations in this set of irreducible representations are separated. Unlike the classical case, the algebra Uq(un, 1) has finite-dimensional irreducible *-representations.
Factors influencing the initiation of blooms of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo and the diatom Skeletonema costatum in a port in Japan

We investigated how environmental factors initiate Heterosigma akashiwo and Skeletonema costatum blooms from resting stages in bottom sediments in a shallow port over 2 yr. Using field‐collected sediments, we also conducted laboratory experiments on how light intensity affects germination of resting stages and growth of the germinated cells. Both phytoplankton species bloomed only in summer, when water temperature and solar radiation were high enough for growth. All three blooms of H. akashiwo and the earliest bloom of S. costatum in a year occurred right after transmission of strong light (>200 [mol quanta m−2 s−1) to the bottom layer and a peak occurred in dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP). In the laboratory, resting stages of H. akashiwo and S. costatum germinated even in dim light (20 and 65 [mol quanta m−2 s−1, respectively), but germinated cells required stronger light of >130 and 280 [mol quanta m−2 s−1, respectively, for rapid growth. This value is much higher than the threshold for survival, and is higher than the half‐saturating light intensity for growth of vegetative cells. Abundance of the resting stages of both species in the sediments rapidly increased during blooms and logarithmically decreased during nonbloom periods, suggesting that resting stages are continuously consumed. For both species, our results suggest that blooms initiate when transmission of sufficient light permits: first, germination of cells from the sediment; second, rapid growth of these germinated cells. Temperature and DIP must also exceed a facilitating threshold.
Submillimeter Observations of IC 10: The Dust Properties and Neutral Carbon Content of a Low-Metallicity Starburst

We present submillimeter observations of the Local Group, metal-poor, irregular dwarf galaxy IC 10, directly relevant to the interaction between interstellar medium (ISM) and star formation activity in primeval galaxies. Using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, we have observed the fine-structure neutral carbon transition 3P1 → 3P0 at 492 GHz and the rotational J = 3 → 2 transition of 12CO and 13CO in the most massive giant molecular cloud complex in this galaxy, IC 10-SE. We find that, although the I/ICO ratio for this object is a factor of 4 larger than the typical Milky Way value, its [C I] to CO intensity ratio I/ICO ≃ 18 ± 2 (in units of ergs s-1 cm-2 sr-1) is similar (only about 50% larger) to that of the Milky Way. Modelling of the behavior of the [C II]/CO and [C I]/CO intensity ratios with metallicity indicates that, if C + and C0 are chiefly produced by UV photodissociation in the photodissociation region, both ratios should increase sharply with decreasing metallicity (and consequently diminished UV shielding). These data then suggest a different origin for an important fraction of C0 in these clouds, unrelated to photodissociation. We have also mapped the 850 μm continuum in this region using the Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array. Employing these data in conjunction with KAO and IRAM measurements we find that the 100-1300 μm continuum emission corresponds to a graybody with an extremely low emissivity exponent, β ~ 0.5. We conclude that this low exponent is most likely due to the destruction of small dust grains, brought about by the increased penetration of UV radiation in the low-metallicity ISM. If a low emissivity exponent in the submillimeter is a general property of metal-poor systems, then the interpretation of millimeter and submillimeter surveys of high-z galaxies should be revised.
On throughput gains by exploiting green interference power in the multi-user MIMO downlink

A sum rate and throughput enhancing closed form precoding scheme is proposed for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) broadcast systems. The technique proposed utilizes interference judiciously to enhance the received signal energy and improve performance. Instead of completely eliminating interference as in conventional precoders, the proposed adapts the angle of correlation between the MIMO sub-channels, so that interference is aligned to the signal of interest at each receive antenna. By doing so, the co-channel interference (CCI) is always kept constructive and the received signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) delivered to the mobile units (MUs) is enhanced without the need to invest additional signal power per transmitted symbol at the MIMO base station (BS). By exploiting this important source of green signal power, the presented results and analysis demonstrate significant benefits in the performance of the MIMO downlink.
Please Scroll down for Article Journal of Peasant Studies a Food Regime Genealogy a Food Regime Genealogy

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Food regime analysis emerged to explain the strategic role of agriculture and food in the construction of the world capitalist economy. It identifies stable periods of capital accumulation associated with particular configurations of geopolitical power, conditioned by forms of agricultural production and consumption relations within and across national spaces. Contradictory relations within food regimes produce crisis, transformation, and transition to successor regimes. This 'genealogy' traces the development of food regime analysis in relation to historical and intellectual trends over the past two decades, arguing that food regime analysis underlines agriculture's foundational role in political economy/ecology. Introduction In the past year or so, in conjunction with an increasingly evident energy shortage, and global warming, a palpable food crisis has commanded public attention across the world. Rising food prices, and a cascade of food rioting, has signaled the end of the era of cheap food. It has also focused awareness of our agricultural foundations, especially as they have become increasingly dependent on fossil fuels. Recent attention to 'food miles' in public discourse has raised questions about our ability to continue to transport food, or its components, across the world. Just beneath the surface lurks a larger question, namely when public discourse will acknowledge that global agriculture is responsible for between a quarter and a third of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. 1 Under these circumstances, a coherent political-economy and political-ecology of food is of utmost importance – not simply to understand the dimensions of the food crisis, but also to situate the world food system and its crisis within a broader historical understanding of geo-political and ecological conditions. 'Food regime' analysis provides this possibility. It is over two decades since the first formulation of the concept of 'food …
Jittered match windows voting for tree top positions in aerialphotographs

Templates derived from an optical tree crown model and from the geometry at image acquisition have been used with good results in the estimation of individual spruce tree top positions in aerial photographs. The method can nd tree tops from a wide range of viewing angles including extreme oo-nadir views, but a requirement has been that the total expected number of trees is known in advance. A new extension of the template matching technique is proposed in which multiple different match windows are used to produce several templates from the same ray{traced base image. The resulting templates produce slightly diierent match results which are used in a voting scheme to produce match candidates with a quality score which better than a single template correlation co-eecient can eliminate the need to know a priori the number of trees to be found.
Ecological Opportunity in Adaptive Radiation of Galápagos Endemic Land Snails

The classic evolutionary hypothesis of ecological opportunity proposes that both heterogeneity of resources and freedom from enemies promote phenotypic divergence as a response to increased niche availability. Although phenotypic divergence and speciation have often been inferred to be the primary consequences of the release from competition or predation that accompanies a shift to a new adaptive zone, increased phenotypic variation within species is expected to represent the first stage resulting from such a shift. Using measures of intraspecific morphological variation of 30 species of Galápagos endemic land snails in a phylogenetically controlled framework, we show that the number of local congeners and the number of local plant species are associated with lower and higher intraspecific phenotypic variation, respectively. In this clade, ecological opportunity thus explicitly links the role of competition from congeners and the heterogeneity of resources to the extent of intraspecific phenotypic divergence as adaptive radiation proceeds.
Assessing post-event processing after social situations: a measure based on the cognitive model for social phobia

Abstract In their cognitive model of social phobia, Clark and Wells (1995) described a process called post-event processing that is characterized by prolonged ruminative and negative thinking about a past social event. Referring to this concept, Rachman and colleagues (2000) developed a questionnaire that has been used in several studies subsequently (Post-Event Processing Questionnaire (PEPQ)). Our aim was to examine a German version of the PEPQ and, where necessary, modify this measure. In Study 1 (N=130 students), we inspected the psychometric properties of the German version of the PEPQ. According to the item analyses, problematic items were identified and eliminated or reformulated. To map aspects of post-event processing that were missing in the original questionnaire, new items were developed. In Study 2, the psychometric properties of the revised instrument were analyzed in a sample of students (N=268). The revised instrument showed excellent internal consistency and a meaningful pattern of correlations with anxiety, depression, and dysfunctional self-consciousness. With regard to the factorial structure of the construct, our data suggest that a four-factorial model may be more appropriate than the one-dimensional structure proposed by Rachman and colleagues.
Endemic Human Monkeypox, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2001–2004

By analyzing vesicle fluids and crusted scabs from 136 persons with suspected monkeypox, we identified 51 cases of monkeypox by PCR, sequenced the hemagglutinin gene, and confirmed 94% of cases by virus culture. PCR demonstrated chickenpox in 61 patients. Coinfection with both viruses was found in 1 additional patient.
Behavioural role analysis for multi-faceted communication campaigns in Twitter

This paper describes a method for identifying and characterizing different types of behavioural roles of Twitter users that can support communication campaigns in a more fine-grained way than the influencer-based approaches, addressing different types of users. We apply the method to an experimental dataset and discuss how the results can support multi-faceted campaigns.
Use of mobile phones as supplementary teaching and learning tools to learners in South Africa

One of the major challenges in teaching English to speakers of other languages is the issue of inadequate contact time between teachers and learners and between learners and comprehensible English language input. This paper emanated from a burning desire to help learners in South African educational institutions, especially those in remote areas, increase the opportunity for learner-teacher-content contact. The deployment of mobile phones, as tools to supplement teaching and learning off-campus and after school hours, is presumed in this study to be one attempt to increase contact time for learners. A qualitative research methodology, which is interpretive in nature, was used. The study used a descriptive case study research design. It used a sample of 44 learners, drawn from Grade 9 English First Additional Language learners in one school in the Eastern Cape. The participants were sampled, using purposive and volunteer sampling techniques. Mobile phones were used to collect data, which was in the form of short message services (SMSs) and Mxit messages. A questionnaire with open-ended questions was also used to collect data about learners’ perceptions of the use of these devices in the educational process. The data were analysed by incorporating elements of both content analysis and discourse analysis. Despite the fact that some participants were of the view that SMS would corrupt their language and spelling, findings indicate that most SMS and Mxit texts produced by participants displayed full sentences, punctuation marks, correct spelling of most words, acceptable grammar and proper sentence use. Further, findings indicated that while SMS and Mxit communication were largely characterised by short hand and informal writing, when learners were aware that they were using these platforms for learning purposes, the traditional rules of formal writing applied. We conclude that mobile devices can improve the language acquisition of second language learners. We recommend consideration of the official inclusion of mobile devices as supplementary learning tools in the learning programme in South Africa.
Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network laboratory guidelines for the use of serological tests (excluding point-of-care tests) for the diagnosis of syphilis in Canada

Syphilis, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, is an infection recognized since antiquity. It was first reported at the end of the 15th century in Europe. Infections may be sexually transmitted as well as spread from an infected mother to her fetus or through blood transfusions. The laboratory diagnosis of syphilis infection is complex. Because this organism cannot be cultured, serology is used as the principal diagnostic method. Some of the issues related to serological diagnoses are that antibodies take time to appear after infection, and serology screening tests require several secondary confirmatory tests that can produce complex results needing interpretation by experts in the field. Traditionally, syphilis screening was performed using either rapid plasma reagin or Venereal Disease Research Laboratory tests, and confirmed by treponemal tests such as MHA-TP, TPPA or FTA-Abs. Currently, that trend is reversed, ie, most of the laboratories in Canada now screen for syphilis using treponemal enzyme immunoassays and confirm the status of infection using rapid plasma reagin or Venereal Disease Research Laboratory tests; this approach is often referred to as the reverse algorithm. This chapter reviews guidelines for specimen types and sample collection, treponemal and non-treponemal tests utilized in Canada, the current status of serological tests for syphilis in Canada, the complexity of serological diagnosis of syphilis infection and serological testing algorithms. Both traditional and reverse sequence algorithms are recommended and the algorithm used should be based on a combination of local disease epidemiology, test volumes, performance of the proposed assays and available resources.
Parasite diversity drives rapid host dynamics and evolution of resistance in a bacteria‐phage system

Host–parasite evolutionary interactions are typically considered in a pairwise species framework. However, natural infections frequently involve multiple parasites. Altering parasite diversity alters ecological and evolutionary dynamics as parasites compete and hosts resist multiple infection. We investigated the effects of parasite diversity on host–parasite population dynamics and evolution using the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and five lytic bacteriophage parasites. To manipulate parasite diversity, bacterial populations were exposed for 24 hours to either phage monocultures or diverse communities containing up to five phages. Phage communities suppressed host populations more rapidly but also showed reduced phage density, likely due to interphage competition. The evolution of resistance allowed rapid bacterial recovery that was greater in magnitude with increases in phage diversity. We observed no difference in the extent of resistance with increased parasite diversity, but there was a profound impact on the specificity of resistance; specialized resistance evolved to monocultures through mutations in a diverse set of genes. In summary, we demonstrate that parasite diversity has rapid effects on host–parasite population dynamics and evolution by selecting for different resistance mutations and affecting the magnitude of bacterial suppression and recovery. Finally, we discuss the implications of phage diversity for their use as biological control agents.
Analysis of Channel-Averaged SINR for Indoor UWB Rake and Transmitted Reference Systems

In this paper, we derive a closed-form expression for channel-averaged signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for ultra-wideband (UWB) Rake receiving system in an indoor multiuser communication scenario, given that the interference level is fluctuating due to asynchronous transmissions among users. The indoor wireless channel model adopted here is a standard one, recently released by IEEE 802.15 study group 3a . We propose a theoretical framework to derive the channel-averaged SINR considering the lognormal channel gain distribution and the double independent Poisson arrival distribution of cluster and ray, and show that our analysis is well coincident with the simulation results. With this framework, we demonstrate that our analysis can be applied to theoretically determine the optimum integration interval for a UWB transmitted reference system, even in a multiuser scenario.
Diabetes Mellitus Aggravates Hemorrhagic Transformation after Ischemic Stroke via Mitochondrial Defects Leading to Endothelial Apoptosis

Diabetes is a crucial risk factor for stroke and is associated with increased frequency and poor prognosis. Although endothelial dysfunction is a known contributor of stroke, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which chronic hyperglycemia may contribute to the worsened prognosis following stroke, especially focusing on mitochondrial alterations. We examined the effect of hyperglycemia on hemorrhagic transformation at 24 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic mice. We also examined the effects of high-glucose exposure for 6 days on cell death, mitochondrial functions and morphology in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) or human endothelial cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iCell endothelial cells). Hyperglycemia aggravated hemorrhagic transformation, but not infarction following stroke. High-glucose exposure increased apoptosis, capase-3 activity, and release of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c in HBMVECs as well as affected mitochondrial functions (decreased cell proliferation, ATP contents, mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity, but not reactive oxygen species production). Furthermore, morphological aberration of mitochondria was observed in diabetic cells (a great deal of fragmentation, vacuolation, and cristae disruption). A similar phenomena were seen also in iCell endothelial cells. In conclusion, chronic hyperglycemia aggravated hemorrhagic transformation after stroke through mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological alteration, partially via MMP-9 activation, leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis of endothelial cells of diabetic mice. Mitochondria-targeting therapy may be a clinically innovative therapeutic strategy for diabetic complications in the future.
Study on motion modes of talin rod domain

In this work, the motion modes of the talin rod domain is investigated with the Gaussian network model (GNM). The slowest mode of the structure shows that the two free terminal move in a negatively correlated way, on an opposite direction. It is thought that this conformational motion mode is the nature of the topology structure of talin rod domain. The peaks of the fast modes correspond to some residues, which are important to the stability of the structure, and these amino acids may have interactions with integrin as key residues.
Massively Parallel Algorithms for the Lattice Boltzmann Method on NonUniform Grids

The lattice Boltzmann method exhibits excellent scalability on current supercomputing systems and has thus increasingly become an alternative method for large-scale nonstationary flow simulations, reaching up to a trillion ($10^{12}$) grid nodes. Additionally, grid refinement can lead to substantial savings in memory and compute time. These savings, however, come at the cost of much more complex data structures and algorithms. In particular, the interface between subdomains with different grid sizes must receive special treatment. In this article, we present parallel algorithms, distributed data structures, and communication routines that are implemented in the software framework waLBerla in order to support large-scale, massively parallel lattice Boltzmann-based simulations on nonuniform grids. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of our approach on two current petascale supercomputers. On an IBM Blue Gene/Q system, the largest weak scaling benchmarks with refined grids are executed with almost 2 mi.
Investigation of the Correlation between Psychological Empowerment and Professional Burnout with Mediator Role of Perceived Stress among Nurses

Results: The results of correlation test showed that there were significant correlation between psychological empowerment and perceived stress with professional burnout, respectively, with correlation coefficient of -0.53 and -0.67, and also between psychological empowerment and perceived stress with correlation coefficient of -0.56 (p<0.01). Regression results showed that psychological empowerment could predict 29% of professional burnout variance and 32% of perceived stress variance. The results of path analysis indicated that psychological empowerment indirectly, with the mediator role of perceived stress, could explain 54% of professional burnout variance.