Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Broken Punishment Networks in Public Goods Games: Experimental Evidence

Abundant evidence suggests that high levels of contributions to public goods can be sustained through self-governed monitoring and sanctions. This experimental study investigates the effectiveness of decentralized sanctioning institutions where punishment opportunities are restricted to agents who are linked through alternative punishment networks. We find that the structure of the punishment network significantly impacts contributions to the public good, but not overall efficiencies. Contributions collapse over decision rounds in groups with limited punishment opportunities, even if the absolute punishment capacity corresponds to the complete punishment network where all agents are allowed to punish each other. However, after allowing for the costs of sanctions, efficiencies are similar across the different networks that allow for punishment and the no-punishment network.
Lumped DC-50 GHz amplifier using InP/InGaAs HBTs

A direct-coupled, lumped broadband amplifier utilising InP/InGaAs single heterojunction bipolar transistors (SHBTs) is presented. The achieved –3 dB bandwidth is 50 GHz with a DC gain of 9.8 dB and a gain peak of only 1.2 dB. This is the largest bandwidth reported for InP/InGaAs HBT amplifiers with such a flat gain curve.
Face recognition from unfamiliar views: subspace methods and pose dependency

A framework for recognising human faces from unfamiliar views is described and a simple implementation of this framework evaluated. The interaction between training view and testing view is shown to compare with observations in human face recognition experiments. The ability of the system to learn from several training views, as available in video footage, is shown to improve the overall performance of the system as is the use of multiple testing images.
Understanding the Arts and Creative Sector in the United States

"A great primer and very useful introduction, across the silos, for students and those interested in the frameworks of cultural life. "-Frank Hodsoll, former chairman, National Endowment for the Arts "Blissfully eclectic in its content, and powerfully consistent in its delivery, this book offers an essential perspective on the arts, culture, and entertainment. "-Andrew Taylor, director, Bolz Center for Arts Administration, University of Wisconsin-Madison The arts and creative sector is one of the nation's broadest, most important, and least understood social and economic assets. It encompasses nonprofit arts and cultural organizations, for-profit creative companies such as advertising agencies, film producers, commercial publishers, and community-based artistic activities. The thirteen essays in this timely book demonstrate why interest in the arts and creative sector has accelerated in recent years, the many ways that the arts are crucial to the social and national agenda, and the critical issues and policies that relate to their practice. Leading experts in the field show, for example, how arts and cultural policies are used to enhance urban revitalization, to encourage civic engagement, to foster new forms of historic preservation, to define national identity, to advance economic development, and to regulate international trade in cultural goods and services. Reflecting the rapid growth of the field of arts and cultural policy, this book will be of interest to anyone wanting to learn more and understand the intricacies of the cultural policy field. Joni Maya Cherbo is an independent arts and cultural policy scholar and consultant. Ruth Ann Stewart is a clinical professor of public policy at the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University. Margaret Jane Wyszomirski is the director of the graduate program in arts policy and administration at Ohio State University.
An Updated Midline Rule: Visual Callosal Connections Anticipate Shape and Motion in Ongoing Activity across the Hemispheres

It is generally thought that callosal connections (CCs) in primary visual cortices serve to unify the visual scenery parted in two at the vertical midline (VM). Here, we present evidence that this applies also to visual features that do not cross yet but might cross the VM in the future. During reversible deactivation of the contralateral visual cortex in cats, we observed that ipsilaterally recorded neurons close to the border between areas 17 and 18 receive selective excitatory callosal input on both ongoing and evoked activity. In detail, neurons responding well to a vertical Gabor patch moving away from the deactivated hemifield decreased prestimulus and stimulus-driven activity much more than those preferring motion toward the cooled hemifield. Further, activity of neurons responding to horizontal lines decreased more than the response to vertical lines. Embedding a single Gabor into a collinear line context selectively stabilized responses, especially when the context was limited to the intact hemifield. These findings indicate that CCs interconnect not only neurons coding for similar orientations but also for similar directions of motion. We conclude that CCs anticipate stimulus features that are potentially relevant for both hemifields (i.e., coherent motion but also collinear shape) because already prestimulus activity and activity to stimuli not crossing the VM revealed feature specificity. Finally, we hypothesize that intrinsic and callosal networks processing different orientations and directions are anisotropic close to the VM facilitating perceptual grouping along likely future motion or (shape) trajectories before the visual stimulus arrives.
Competing Accounting Treatments for Emission Rights: A Capital Market Perspective

This study provides comparative tests for the decision usefulness of four accounting alternatives for emission rights. In current accounting practice, cost-based net approaches as well as cost- and market-based gross approaches coexist. Modelling the available accounting treatments as reporting alternatives for a sample of the major polluters within the EU ETS, we present empirical evidence on their suitability in a market valuation setting. We find that the cost-based net approach provides additional information while gross methods, even the full market-based disclosures, do not. We thus show that an increase in reporting complexity does not always yield superior information con-tent. Our results contribute to discussions of the economic impact of emission trading and to appropriate accounting treatments of such schemes.
Hash addressing viability for use in distributed file systems

In this paper we analyze alternatives to centralized storage for a network of client workstations. Centralized storage can be expensive and unreliable. A single point of failure can halt the operation of a network of computers. Most of the client workstations distributed around our campus have excess storage on the order of 10-20 Gigabytes and the data that they to manage and maintain is redundant with other systems within the same building. If user home directories are located on storage other than local media, up to 98% of the local storage is a duplicate copy of storage on an adjacent system. By using a hash index, we are proposing that this data can be shared and mirrored across systems. This mirroring provides a backup and restore mechanism by redundantly indexing data across multiple systems. This replication mechanism can then be extended to include user home directories to take advantage of the 20 Terabytes of unused storage distributed across our campus resulting in hundreds of thousands of dollar savings while increasing reliability and availability of user data. If the central server fails or does not respond to a client request, the network of workstations can act as a failover agent and respond to the user request for data.
How to Define Retention: A New Look at an Old Problem.

Author Bio: Linda Serra Hagedorn is an associate professor, Associate Director of the Center for Higher Education Policy Analysis (CHEPA), and program chair for the Community College Leadership program in the Rossier School of Education at the University of Southern California. Dr. Hagedorn earned her Ph.D. in public policy analysis with an emphasis in higher education from the University of Illinois at Chicago. She has published numerous articles and chapters on various aspects of higher education and retention. She is the project director of several research projects including The Transfer and Retention of Urban Community College Students (TRUCCS).
Recent House Price Developments

In the vast majority of OECD economies, house prices in real terms have been moving up strongly since the mid-1990s. Because of the important role housing wealth has been playing during the current upswing, this paper will look more closely at what is underlying these developments for 18 OECD countries over the period from 1970 to the present, with a view to shedding some light on whether or not prices are in line with fundamentals. The paper begins by putting the most recent housing price run-ups in the context of the experiences of the past 35 years. It then examines current valuations against a range of benchmarks. It concludes with a review of the links between a possible correction of housing prices and real activity. The main highlights from this analysis are as follows: 1) The size and duration of the current real house price increases; the degree to which they have tended to move together across countries; and the extent to which they have disconnected from the business cycle are unprecedented. 2) Overvaluation of real house prices may only apply to a relatively small number of countries. However, the extent to which these prices look to be fairly valued depends largely on longer-term interest rates remaining at or close to their current low levels. 3) If house prices were to adjust downward, the historical record suggests that the drops might be large and that the process could be protracted, given the observed stickiness of nominal house prices and the current low rates of inflation.
Adaptive MAC Scheme Ready for Delay Assurances in Wireless Networks

Providing multiple classes of delay assurances to end-to-end applications is one of the key challenges in multihop WLANs. In this paper, we propose a new scheme called delay feedback adaptive control (DFAC), which is a preparation to implement end-to-end delay guarantee in multihop WLAN. It is derived from enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) in IEEE 802.11e. DFAC can adaptively adjust the parameters of each traffic class according to the transmission delay. We evaluate the performance of DFAC through simulation. Results show that DFAC can improve the throughput of traffic class with high priority, and provide delay assurance effectively for real-time traffic in single-hop. Then we can use DFAC to ensure the delay of traffic within the specific rang in every single-hop, adaptively adjusting the priority of each traffic classes according to the average per-hop requested time, thus the end-to-end delay assurances will come to realize on the whole path
Proximity Ligation In situ Assay is a Powerful Tool to Monitor Specific ATG Protein Interactions following Autophagy Induction

Macroautophagy is a highly regulated intracellular degradation process which has been extensively studied over the last decade. This pathway has been initially described as a non selective process inducing the degradation of parts of the cytoplasm as well as organelles at random. Nevertheless, over the last few years, new research highlighted the existence of a more selective autophagy pathway specifically recruiting some organelles or aggregates to the autophagosomes in order to induce their degradation. These selective autophagy pathways such as aggrephagy, mitophagy, pexophagy or xenophagy, involve the intervention of a cargo, the material to be degraded, cargo adapters, the molecules allowing the recruitment of the cargo to the autophagosome, and the proteins of the ATG8 family which link the cargo adapters to the autophagosome. One of the main questions which now remain is to develop new techniques and protocols able to discriminate between these different types of induced autophagy. In our work, we studied the possibility to use the P-LISA technique, which has been recently developed to study endogenous in vivo protein interactions, as a new technique to characterize the ATG proteins specifically involved in bulk or selective autophagy. In this manuscript, we indeed demonstrate that this technique allows the study of endogenous ATG protein interactions in cells following autophagy induction, but more interestingly that this technique might be used to characterize the ATG proteins involved in selective autophagy.
Personality, Effective Goal-Striving, and Enhanced Well-Being

In a three-wave, year-long, large-sample dataset (N = 755), 10 candidate “personality strengths” (Grit, Gratitude, Curiosity, Savoring, Control Beliefs, Meaning in Life–Presence, Strengths Use, and Engagement, Pleasure, and Meaning-Based Orientations Toward Happiness) were compared as predictors of 6-month increases in goal attainment, and as moderators of goal attainment effects upon boosted subjective well-being (SWB). Seeking internal replication, we tested our models twice, both during T1-T2 and during T2-T3. We also examined whether any Personality × Attainment moderator effects upon change in SWB at T2 still persisted at T3. Grit was the only candidate strength that predicted increased goal attainment from T1 to T2 and from T2 to T3, and Curiosity was the only candidate strength that moderated attainment effects on well-being from T1 to T2 and from T2 to T3. T2 Goal attainment effects on SWB were best sustained at T3 when Meaning Orientation increased from T1 to T2. Implications for identifying keystone constructs in personality (and positive) psychology are discussed.
The Relationship between Investment Opportunity, Dividend Policy and Firm Value in Companies Listed in TSE: Evidence from IRAN

The purpose of this study is to examine of relationship between investment opportunity and dividend policy and firm value. The studied group included companies listed in TSE during 2009-2013. Using systematic elimination method, 88 firms (or 440 firm-years) were selected as samples. The methodology of this study is practical descriptive correlation. The required data are collected by library method; Excel software is used to calculate data from companies. To test the hypotheses, Eviews software and panel data method are used. Findings indicate a positive significant relationship between investment opportunities and dividend policy as well as investment opportunities and firm value.
Blended Learning in Tertiary Education: A Case Study

The paper starts with a quick overview of blended learning model in tertiary education systems. Model integration is illustrated on the example of Faculty of Technical Sciences in Čačak. It is supported by the results of the survey that was conducted in the period of November 2012 to January 2013 on specimen of 252 examinees. The significant achievement is that the model was well accepted in practice and that it could be successfully implemented with low costs and teachers dedication.
Executive function in body dysmorphic disorder

Background Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a poorly understood disorder that involves a preoccupation with imagined or minor bodily defects. Only a few studies of neuropsychological function have been conducted. Two previous studies have indicated executive dysfunction in BDD. The current study sought to further define these executive deficits. Method Fourteen DSM-IV BDD patients and 14 age- and sex-matched control participants took part. Because of the high incidence of co-morbidity in BDD, patients with co-morbid Axis I disorders were not excluded. Control participants had no history of psychiatric illness. All participants completed the following executive function (EF) tests: Spatial Span (SS), Spatial Working Memory (SWM) and the Stockings of Cambridge (SOC) task. They also completed the Pattern Recognition (PR) test, a test of visual memory (VM). Results BDD participants made significantly more between-search errors on the SWM task, an effect that increased with task difficulty. Between-search errors are an example of poor maintenance and manipulation of information. SOC results indicated slower subsequent thinking times (i.e. the time taken to plan) in BDD participants. There were no group differences in SS or PR scores. The severity of BDD, depressive or anxiety symptoms was not correlated with performance on any of the cognitive tasks. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that BDD patients have EF deficits in on-line manipulation, planning and organization of information. By contrast, spatial memory capacity, motor speed and visual memory were intact. Considered with evidence from lesion and neuroimaging studies, these results suggest frontal lobe dysfunction in BDD.
Poverty and Charity in Middle Eastern Contexts

In this book, Huaichuan Mou takes a fresh look at the life, times, and work of Wen Tingyun, the great poet of the late Tang dynasty in China, whose reputation has been overshadowed by notoriety and misunderstanding for more than a thousand years. In probing the political intricacies of the major events of Wen’s life and the complex contexts in which these events took place, Mou presents a historical key to Wen’s artistic labyrinth, unraveling many of Wen’s poetic puzzles and rediscovering a historical past which vividly represents his unyielding pursuit of ideal government and true love. This reconstruction of the poet’s life results in not only a new understanding of his literary work but also of late Tang history as well. Translations and close readings of a number of poems and prose essays are included.
An fMRI investigation of delay discounting in patients with schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with a reduced ability to set meaningful goals to reach desired outcomes. The delay‐discounting (DD) task, in which one chooses between sooner smaller and later larger rewards, has proven useful in revealing executive function and reward deficits in various clinical groups. We used fMRI in patients with SZ and healthy controls (HC) to compare brain activation during performance of a DD task. Prior to the neuroimaging session, we obtained each participant's rate of DD, k, on a DD task and used it to select a version of the DD task for each participant's fMRI session. Because of the importance of comparing fMRI results from groups matched on performance, we used a criterion value of R2 > 0.60 for response consistency on the DD task to analyze fMRI activation to DD task versus control trials from consistent SZ (n = 14) and consistent HC (n = 14). We also compared activation between the groups on contrasts related to trial difficulty. Finally, we contrasted the inconsistent SZ (n = 9) with the consistent HC and consistent SZ; these results should be interpreted with caution because of inconsistent SZ's aberrant performance on the task. Compared with consistent HC, consistent SZ showed reduced activation to DD task versus control trials in executive function and reward areas. In contrast, consistent SZ showed more activation in the precuneus and posterior cingulate, regions of the default mode network (DMN) that are typically deactivated during tasks, and in the insula, a region linked to emotional processing. Furthermore, consistent SZ had abnormal activation of lateral and medial frontal regions in relation to trial difficulty. These results point to disruption of several neural networks during decision making, including the executive, reward, default mode, and emotional networks, and suggest processes that are impaired during decision making in schizophrenia.
Multiscale iterative voting for differential analysis of stress response for 2D and 3D cell culture models

Three‐dimensional (2D) cell culture models have emerged as the basis for improved cell systems biology. However, there is a gap in robust computational techniques for segmentation of these model systems that are imaged through confocal or deconvolution microscopy. The main issues are the volume of data, overlapping subcellular compartments and variation in scale or size of subcompartments of interest, which lead to ambiguities for quantitative analysis on a cell‐by‐cell basis. We address these ambiguities through a series of geometric operations that constrain the problem through iterative voting and decomposition strategies. The main contributions of this paper are to (i) extend the previously developed 2D radial voting to an efficient 3D implementation, (ii) demonstrate application of iterative radial voting at multiple subcellular and molecular scales, and (iii) investigate application of the proposed technology to two endpoints between 2D and 3D cell culture models. These endpoints correspond to kinetics of DNA damage repair as measured by phosphorylation of γH2AX, and the loss of the membrane‐bound E‐cadherin protein as a result of ionizing radiation.
A b peptide vaccination prevents memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer ' s disease

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A SiC-Based High-Efficiency Isolated Onboard PEV Charger With Ultrawide DC-Link Voltage Range

In LLC-based onboard battery charging architectures used in plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), the dc link voltage can be actively regulated to follow the battery pack voltage so that the LLC converter can operate in proximity of resonant frequency and achieve high efficiencies over the wide range of battery pack voltage. However, conventional boost-type power factor correction (PFC) converters are unable to provide ultrawide dc link voltages since their output voltages should always be larger than their input voltages. This paper proposes a Silicon Carbide (SiC)-based onboard PEV charger using single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) PFC converter followed by an isolated LLC resonant converter. With the proposed charger architecture, the SEPIC PFC converter is able to provide an ultrawide range for dc link voltage, and consequently enhance the efficiency of the LLC stage by ensuring operation in proximity of resonant frequency. A 1-kW SiC-based prototype is designed to validate the proposed idea. The experimental result shows that the SEPIC PFC converter achieves unity power factor, 2.72% total harmonic distortion, and 95.3% peak conversion efficiency. The LLC converter achieves 97.1% peak efficiency and always demonstrates a very high efficiency across the ultrawide dc-link voltage range. The overall efficiency of the charger is 88.5% to 93.5% from 20% of the rated load to full load.