Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The perception of sexual harassment at university / La percepción del acoso sexual en el ámbito universitario

Abstract The subjective perception of harassment victims is one of the key criteria when defining what sexual harassment is. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyse the differences between men and women’s judgments of what behaviours constitute sexual harassment and how they are classified at university. To accomplish this, we administered a 38-item questionnaire to a sample of 1,693 people (1,521 students and 172 members of teaching staff, administration and services) at a Spanish university. The results indicate that there is a distinction associated with both the severity of the behaviours perceived and classified as sexual harassment (more severe and milder) and their content (coercion or sexual blackmail vs. environmental harassment). Within this perception, there is a clear combined effect of the variables of gender and position within the university community such that women, particularly female university staff members, classified more behaviours as mild sexual harassment.
Eurographics/ Ieee-vgtc Symposium on Visualization 2008 Results of a User Study on 2d Hurricane Visualization

We present the results from a user study looking at the ability of observers to mentally integrate wind direction and magnitude over a vector field. The data set chosen for the study is an MM5 (PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model) simulation of Hurricane Lili over the Gulf of Mexico as it approaches the southeastern United States. Nine observers participated in the study. This study investigates the effect of layering on the observer's ability to determine the magnitude and direction of a vector field. We found a tendency for observers to underestimate the magnitude of the vectors and a counterclockwise bias when determining the average direction of a vector field. We completed an additional study with two observers to try to uncover the source of the counterclockwise bias. These results have direct implications to atmospheric scientists, but may also be able to be applied to other fields that use 2D vector fields. 1. Introduction In this paper, we report the design and results of a user study that investigated the current visualization methods used in the weather modeling community and determined their efficacy. The study used model output simulating Hurricane Lili (2002). This study concentrated on the ability of observers to integrate both the magnitude and the direction of vector fields over an area and to determine the effects of layering in a 2D vector field.
Children’s Reflections on Two Cultural Ways of Working Together: “Talking with Hands and Eyes” or Requiring Words

Forty-four pairs of Mexican-heritage and European-heritage US children were asked to characterize differences between two contrasting cultural patterns of working together in video clips that showed a) Mexican Indigenous-heritage children working together by collaborating, helping, observing others, and using nonverbal as well as verbal communication, and b) middle-class European-American children working alone and using predominantly verbal communication.Through experience in two cultural settings, bilingual Mexican-heritage US children may become familiar with these contrasting cultural patterns that have been identified in research. Mexican-heritage US children characterized the clips in ways that corresponded with researchers’ descriptions more often than did European-heritage children, when discussing working together and helping but not when discussing communication.The children from the two backgrounds differed in their treatment of talk. In addition to talking more overall, half of the European-heritage US children considered talk a requirement for working together or helping, excluding nonverbal communication as a way of working together or helping. In contrast, the Mexican-heritage US children included nonverbal communication as a means of working together and helping, and some seemed to include nonverbal communication as a form of talking.
YAMAMA: Yet Another Multi-Dialect Arabic Morphological Analyzer

In this paper, we present YAMAMA, a multi-dialect Arabic morphological analyzer and disambiguator. Our system is almost five times faster than the state-of-art MADAMIRA system with a slightly lower quality. In addition to speed, YAMAMA outputs a rich representation which allows for a wider spectrum of use. In this regard, YAMAMA transcends other systems, such as FARASA, which is faster but provides specific outputs catering to specific applications.
The Chief Technology Officer and Organizational Power and Influence

The proposition that the Chief Technology Officer’s (CTO) primary bases for power and influence are in technical expertise and position power are critically analysed from the perspective of the upper echelons literature. This fresh perspective suggests that CTO’s who aspire to have significant influence in their organizations should also build their power bases in ownership position in the firm, strong personal relationships in networks inside and outside the firm, and in general business savvy. The leadership style of the CEO can also significantly enhance or detract from the ability of the CTO to influence firm strategy. Research and managerial implications are drawn.
Examining Velopharyngeal Closure Patterns Based on Anatomic Variables

Abstract The purpose of this study was to use three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging to correlate velopharyngeal closure patterns with velopharyngeal anatomic structural characteristics. Thirty-eight participants (18 females and 20 males) between 19 and 32 years of age participated in the study. Participants were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging and nasopharyngoscopy to determine closure pattern type and their relationship to anatomic characteristics believed to influence velopharyngeal closure. Structural anatomic measures were completed in the vertical (nasopharyngeal length) and horizontal (nasopharyngeal width) planes. Anterior to posterior dimensions of pharyngeal depth, posterior pharyngeal wall thickness, velar length, effective velar length, and adenoid thickness were also completed. Velar length and adenoid thickness varied based on closure patterns, with coronal closure pattern demonstrating significantly larger values than circular closure pattern. There were no statistically significant differences for effective velar length, pharyngeal depth, nasopharyngeal length, posterior pharyngeal wall thickness, and nasopharyngeal width based on the type of closure pattern. Closure patterns varied by sex, with females demonstrating more circular closure patterns than males who demonstrated more coronal closure patterns. Nasopharyngeal length, velar length, and nasopharyngeal width also varied by sex, with males demonstrating significantly larger values than females. Statistically significant differences were observed in velopharyngeal anatomic structural measures and sex during evaluations of closure patterns. These preliminary findings indicate that the length of the velum and thickness of the adenoids may have the greatest impact on velopharyngeal closure patterns.
Risk factors for cervical cancer in Colombia and Spain

A population‐based case‐control study of cervical cancer was conducted in Spain and Colombia to assess the relationship between cervical cancer and exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV), selected aspects of sexual and reproductive behaviour, use of oral contraceptives, screening practices and smoking. The study included 436 cases of histologically confirmed squamous‐cell carcinoma and 387 age‐stratified controls randomly selected front) the general population that generated the cases. The presence of HPV DMA in cervical scrapes was assessed by PCR‐based methods and was the strongest risk factor (OR = 23.8; 13.4–42.0). Risk estimates for any other factor were only slightly modified after adjusting for HPV status. Among women found positive for HPV DNA, only the use of oral contraceptives was a risk factor for cervical cancer (OR = 6.5; 1.3–31.4 for ever vs. never use). Patients with cervical cancer who were HPV DMA‐negative retained most of the established epidemiological features of this disease. This suggests that some instances of HPV infection went undetected or that other sexually transmitted factor(s) contribute to the causation of cervical cancer. Early age at first intercourse (OR = 4.3; 2.1–9.0 for age < 16 vs. 24+) and early age at first birth (OR = 5.0; 1.8–14.2 for 9ge < 16 vs. 24+) were associated with increased risk of cervical cancer; these effects were independent of one another. Low educational level was a risk factor (OR = 2.5; l.6–3.9). Number of sexual partners was in our study a surrogate for HPV infection. Smoking and parity after age 24 were weakly and inconsistently associated with the risk of cervical cancer. Previous screening (OR = 0.7; 0.5–1.0) and ever having undergone a Caesarean section (OR = 0.4; 0.2–0.8) were protective factors. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endotracheal Intubation Using the Macintosh Laryngoscope or KingVision Video Laryngoscope during Uninterrupted Chest Compression

Objective. Advanced airway management, endotracheal intubation (ETI), during CPR is more difficult than, for example, during anesthesia. However, new devices such as video laryngoscopes should help in such circumstances. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the KingVision video laryngoscopes in a manikin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) scenario. Methods. Thirty students enrolled in the third year of paramedic school took part in the study. The simulated CPR scenario was ETI using the standard laryngoscope with a Macintosh blade (MCL) and ETI using the KingVision video laryngoscope performed during uninterrupted chest compressions. The primary endpoints were the time needed for ETI and the success ratio. Results. The mean time required for intubation was similar for both laryngoscopes: 16.6 (SD 5.11, median 15.64, range 7.9–27.9) seconds versus 17.91 (SD 5.6, median 16.28, range 10.6–28.6) seconds for the MCL and KingVision, respectively (P = 0.1888). On the first attempt at ETI, the success rate during CPR was comparable between the evaluated laryngoscopes: P = 0.9032. Conclusion. The KingVision video laryngoscope proves to be less superior when used for endotracheal intubation during CPR compared to the standard laryngoscope with a Mackintosh blade. This proves true in terms of shortening the time needed for ETI and increasing the success ratio.
2-[(E)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethenyl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide monohydrate1

In the title compound, C14H13ClN+·I−·H2O, the cation is nearly planar and exists in an E configuration; the dihedral angle between the pyridinium and benzene rings is 0.98 (17)°. The cations stack in an anti-parallel manner along the a axis through two π–π interactions between the pyridinium and benzene rings [centroid–centroid distances 3.569 (2) and 3.6818 (13) Å, respectively]. The cation, anion and water molecule are linked into a chain along the a axis by weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯I interactions together with O—H⋯I hydrogen bonds and the chains are further connected into a three-dimensional network.
Adsorption of tetracycline on single‐walled and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes as affected by aqueous solution chemistry

Carbon nanotubes have shown great potential as effective adsorbents for hydrophobic organic contaminants in water treatment. The present study investigated the influence of aqueous solution chemistry on the adsorption of tetracycline to carbon nanotubes. Specifically, the effects of ionic strength (NaCl and CaCl2) and presence of Cu2+ ion (7.5 mg/L) or dissolved soil or coal humic acids (50 mg/L) on adsorption of tetracycline to single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT), and nonporous pure graphite as a model of the graphite surface were systematically estimated. The presence of humic acids suppressed tetracycline adsorption on graphite and MWNT prominently, with stronger effects observed on graphite, but only slightly affected tetracycline adsorption on SWNT. The relatively large humic acid components could not readily access the small interstitial spaces of SWNT and thus were less competitive with tetracycline adsorption. The presence of Cu2+ ion increased tetracycline adsorption to both SWNT and MWNT through the mechanism of cation bridging, with much larger effects observed on MWNT. This was probably because when compared with the Cu2+ ions complexed on the surface of SWNT, those on the surface of MWNT having larger mesoporous interstices were more accessible to the relatively bulky tetracycline molecule. Increasing the ionic strength from 10 mM to 100 mM decreased tetracycline adsorption on both SWNT and MWNT, which was attributed to electronic shielding of the negatively charged surface sites. These results show that aqueous solution chemistry is important to tetracycline adsorption on carbon nanotubes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2713–2719. © 2010 SETAC
Measuring the Impact of Judge Severity on Examination Scores

In order to obtain objective measurement for examinations that are graded by judges, an extension of the Rasch model designed to analyze examinations with more than two facets (items/examinees) is used. This extended Rasch model calibrates the elements of each facet of the examination (i.e., examinee performances, items, and judges) on a common log-linear scale. A network for assigning judges to examinations is used to link all facets. Real examination data from the "clinical assessment" part of a certification examination are used to illustrate the application. A range of item difficulties and judge severities were found. Comparison of examinee raw scores with objective linear measures corrected for variations in judge severity shows that judge severity can have a substantial impact on a raw score. Correcting for judge severity improves the fairness of examinee measures and of the subsequent pass-fail decisions because the uncorrected raw scores favor examinee performances graded by lenient judges.
The prescribing of acid suppressants prior to the endoscopic diagnosis of Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophagitis

There has been a dramatic rise in incidences of Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. It has been suggested that the introduction and use of acid suppression therapy may be a factor in the rising incidences of Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Performance ethnography as an approach to health‐related education

This article explores the educational potential of an arts‐informed performance ethnography entitled Across the Tamar, which comprises a series of stories, songs and poems. As a classroom action research project – a ‘teaching experiment’ – we gave three performances to undergraduate and postgraduate sport and health science, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy students at two universities in the United Kingdom. Drawing on data that comprise the written responses of 126 students, we explore the learning processes evident in the students' accounts. Student responses suggest that through privileging personal, embodied and emotive stories, the performance stimulated alternative insights into older women's lives and provoked them to reflect on this new knowledge in the context of their own lives. By considering student responses in relation to narrative theory, we explore how performance ethnography can contribute to learning, critical reflection and transformation among students more familiar with scientific approaches to research and teaching.
Zinc-finger genes Fez and Fez-like function in the establishment of diencephalon subdivisions

Fez and Fez-like (Fezl) are zinc-finger genes that encode transcriptional repressors expressed in overlapping domains of the forebrain. By generating Fez;Fezl-deficient mice we found that a redundant function of Fez and Fezl is required for the formation of diencephalon subdivisions. The caudal forebrain can be divided into three transverse subdivisions: prethalamus (also called ventral thalamus), thalamus (dorsal thalamus) and pretectum. Fez;Fezl-deficient mice showed a complete loss of prethalamus and a strong reduction of the thalamus at late gestation periods. Genetic marker analyses revealed that during early diencephalon patterning in Fez;Fezl-deficient mice, the rostral diencephalon (prospective prethalamus) did not form and the caudal diencephalon (prospective thalamus and pretectum) expanded rostrally. Fez;Fezl-deficient mice also displayed defects in the formation of the zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI), which is located on the boundary between the prethalamus and thalamus. Fez and Fezl are expressed in the region rostral to the rostral limit of Irx1 expression, which marks the prospective position of the ZLI. Transgene-mediated misexpression of Fezl or Fez caudal to the ZLI repressed the caudal diencephalon fate and affected the formation of the Shh-expressing ZLI. These data indicate that Fez and Fezl repress the caudal diencephalon fate in the rostral diencephalon, and ZLI formation probably depends on Fez/Fezl-mediated formation of diencephalon subdivisions.
Nonlinear reconstruction of compressibility and density variations using the Kaczmarz method

Nonlinear ultrasound diffraction tomography reconstructs material parameters of a medium from transmitted and scattered sound waves taking into account multiple scattering, which is important in the presence of strongly scattering media like in breast tissue or the abdominal wall. Most nonlinear approaches propose algorithms to reconstruct the spatially varying speed of sound (SoS), which is equivalent to a spatially varying compressibility under the assumption of constant mass density. Here, we present an extension of a nonlinear reconstruction algorithm based on the Kaczmarz method to reconstruct both, density and compressibility simultaneously. We investigate errors arising from neglecting realistic density changes and demonstrate the improvements that can be introduced in the estimation of speed of sound by applying the proposed method.
What are the implications of neuroscience for musical education?

Background: In this paper, we consider music education in a broad sense–not merely pertaining to the development of exceptional levels of artistry in talented performers, but also to notions of musical listening and appreciation enjoyed by the casual listener. Purpose: This review cannot be exhaustive, but aims to illustrate what we already know about the neuroscience of how music is perceived, appreciated, learned and performed, and the implications that this knowledge has for music education in this broadly defined sense. Design and methods: Extant studies from across the fields of neuroscience, psychology, education and music were surveyed using mainstream Internet databases (e.g., PubMed), as well as specific Internet cites promoting interdisciplinary exchange among musicians and scientists (e.g., Music and Science Online: http://www.science.rcm.ac.uk). The result is a review of some 50 studies from across this relatively young field. Conclusions: To date, examples of tangible, practical advice from neuroscience that can be applied directly to musical learning and performance are relatively scant. However, the field is growing rapidly, and collaborations between musicians and scientists are becoming more common. We argue that the scope for neuroscience research to inform and shape musical education is ripe for development, particularly when musicians and scientists work together to address questions of musical relevance with scientific rigour.
Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.

This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage. TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis). Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation. In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage. The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage. These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage. Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR. These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
An Experimental Analysis of Schema Creation, Propagation and Disruption in Genetic Programming

In this paper we first review the main results in the theory of schemata in Genetic Programming (GP) emphasising their strengths and weaknesses. In particular we summarise a new schema theory we have recently developed for GP with one-point crossover and point mutation which is based on a definition of schema quite close to the one used in genetic algorithms. Then we study the creation, propagation and disruption of this new form of schemata in real runs, for standard crossover, one-point crossover and selection only. Finally, we discuss these results in the light our GP schema theorem.
Correlates of Post-Stroke Brain Plasticity, Relationship to Pathophysiological Settings and Implications for Human Proof-of-Concept Studies

The promotion of neurological recovery by enhancing neuroplasticity has recently obtained strong attention in the stroke field. Experimental studies support the hypothesis that stroke recovery can be improved by therapeutic interventions that augment neuronal sprouting. However plasticity responses of neurons are highly complex, involving the growth and differentiation of axons, dendrites, dendritic spines and synapses, which depend on the pathophysiological setting and are tightly controlled by extracellular and intracellular signals. Thorough mechanistic insights are needed into how neuronal plasticity is influenced by plasticity-promoting therapies in order not to risk the success of future clinical proof-of-concept studies.
Matrix Completion with Noisy Side Information

We study the matrix completion problem with side information. Side information has been considered in several matrix completion applications, and has been empirically shown to be useful in many cases. Recently, researchers studied the effect of side information for matrix completion from a theoretical viewpoint, showing that sample complexity can be significantly reduced given completely clean features. However, since in reality most given features are noisy or only weakly informative, the development of a model to handle a general feature set, and investigation of how much noisy features can help matrix recovery, remains an important issue. In this paper, we propose a novel model that balances between features and observations simultaneously in order to leverage feature information yet be robust to feature noise. Moreover, we study the effect of general features in theory and show that by using our model, the sample complexity can be lower than matrix completion as long as features are sufficiently informative. This result provides a theoretical insight into the usefulness of general side information. Finally, we consider synthetic data and two applications — relationship prediction and semi-supervised clustering — and show that our model outperforms other methods for matrix completion that use features both in theory and practice.