Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Consensus, Uniqueness, and Terror Management: Compensatory Responses to Threats to Inclusion and Distinctiveness Following Mortality Salience

An experiment assessed the proposition that competing motives for inclusion and individuation both function to control concerns about mortality. Combining ideas from terror management theory and optimal distinctiveness theory, the authors hypothesized that mortality salience would increase the tendency of participants given feedback that they had strong conformist tendencies to underestimate social consensus for their attitudes and the tendency of participants given feedback that they were deviant to exaggerate social consensus for their attitudes. Participants were given either one or the other type of feedback, responded to open-ended questions about either their own death or their next important exam, completed a measure of social projection in which they indicated their own attitudes, and then estimated the percentage of the general population that shared their opinions. Results on a social projection measure consisting of the partial correlation between own and others' attitudes, controlling for social desirability, provided strong support for the hypotheses.
Stalking An Examination of the Criminal Justice Response

Stalking is documented, but insufficient attention has been given to case disposition and how prior criminal and protective order histories influence the processing of stalking cases by the court. This study used secondary case analyses to examine the incarceration and prior offense histories of 346 men charged with stalking, the temporal relationship between prior offenses and the stalking offense, and the interplay between criminal/protective order histories and the final disposition of stalking cases. Study results show significant incarceration and criminal histories among stalkers and a frequent use of protective orders in these cases. High dismissal rates of stalking offenses were found, but for charges not dismissed, a relatively high conviction rate was found. Finally, repeat criminal activity within a short time of the index stalking charge was common. Implications and areas for future research are discussed.
Chemokine-coupled β2 integrin–induced macrophage Rac2–Myosin IIA interaction regulates VEGF-A mRNA stability and arteriogenesis

Monocytes are required for arteriogenesis after injury and one of their major roles is to produce VEGF; however, the mechanisms behind this have not been identified. Morrison et al. find a link between chemokine and integrin stimulation through Rac2 that involves myosin heavy chain to redistribute the RNA stabilizing protein HuR to augment VEGF expression.
Expertise and category-based induction.

The authors examined inductive reasoning among experts in a domain. Three types of tree experts (landscapers, taxonomists, and parks maintenance personnel) completed 3 reasoning tasks. In Experiment 1, participants inferred which of 2 novel diseases would affect "more other kinds of trees" and provided justifications for their choices. In Experiment 2, the authors used modified instructions and asked which disease would be more likely to affect "all trees. " In Experiment 3, the conclusion category was eliminated altogether, and participants were asked to generate a list of other affected trees. Among these populations, typicality and diversity effects were weak to nonexistent. Instead, experts' reasoning was influenced by "local" coverage (extension of the property to members of the same folk family) and causal-ecological factors. The authors concluded that domain knowledge leads to the use of a variety of reasoning strategies not captured by current models of category-based induction.
A Framework for Cloud Based E-Government from the Perspective of Developing Countries

Despite significant efforts to initiate electronic government projects, developing countries are still struggling to reap the benefits of using e-government services. An effective implementation of e-government infrastructure is necessary to increase the efficiency and transparency of the government services. There are several studies that observed causes like lack of infrastructure support, lack of payment gateway and improper e-government service delivery channel as main barriers to a wider adoption of e-government services. The main contribution of this research is to propose a cloud-based G2G (Government-to-government) e-government framework for a viable e-government solution from the perspective of developing countries. We have introduced a list of concepts and a systematic process to guide the implementation of e-government project based on the government’s vision, goals, chosen services through the service delivery channel to the appropriate cloud service and deployment model. We have used Nepal as a context of the case study and applied the framework to a real e-government project of driving licensing department using action research methodology. The results from the study show that the G2G approach of e-government implementation would be the best for providing effective government services to the stakeholders of developing countries. The proposed framework also supports a smooth integration of government services and reduces the time of the overall project.
Face verification with fully dynamic size blocks based on landmark detection

Face recognition and verification is still a challenging problem due to several issues such as pose, facial expression, occlusion, imaging conditions, rotation, size and orientation. This paper addresses the problem of recognizing human faces despite the presence in pose and size variation. To handle these problems, we mainly focus on block size definition. Instead of uniform block we thus propose Dynamic Size Blocks (DSB) that is based on facial landmarks. Extensive experimentations are performed on Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW) dataset with restricted original images. Our proposed landmark based DSB definition has achieved an accuracy of 74.08% on all images and 82.26% on dataset images excluding extreme pose variations.
Stability in the Midst of Change: A Dispositional Approach to Job Attitudes

Most recent debates on the determinants of job attitudes have concentrated on situational theories, stressing external influences such as job design and social information processing. In contrast, this research examines the dispositional argument that job attitudes are rather consistent within individuals, showing stability both over time and across situations. To test this notion, longitudinal data on job satisfaction were analyzed from a national sample of over 5,000 middle-aged men. Results showed significant stability of attitudes over a 5-year time period and significant cross-situational consistency when individuals changed employers and/or occupations. Prior attitudes were also a stronger predictor of subsequent job satisfaction than either changes in pay or the social status of one's job. The implications of these results for developing dispositional theories of work behavior are discussed, along with possible implications for popular situational theories such as job design and social information processing.
Importance of Covalent and Noncovalent SUMO Interactions with the Major Human Cytomegalovirus Transactivator IE2p86 for Viral Infection

ABSTRACT The major transactivator protein IE2p86 of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has previously been shown to undergo posttranslational modification by the covalent attachment of SUMO proteins, termed SUMOylation, which occurs at two lysine residues located at amino acid positions 175 and 180. Mutation of the acceptor lysines resulted in the abrogation of IE2p86 SUMOylation in mammalian cells and a strong reduction of IE2p86-mediated transactivation. In this paper, we identify an additional SUMO interaction motif (SIM) within IE2p86, which mediates noncovalent binding to SUMO, as shown by yeast two-hybrid analyses. Transient-expression experiments revealed that an IE2p86 SIM mutant exhibited significantly reduced SUMOylation, strongly suggesting that noncovalent SUMO interactions affect the efficacy of covalent SUMO coupling. In order to define the relevance of IE2p86 SUMO interactions for viral replication, recombinant viruses originating from two different HCMV strains (AD169 and VR1814) were generated. Analysis of viruses expressing SUMOylation-negative IE2p86 revealed strongly impaired replication due to reduced viral DNA and protein accumulation, as well as diminished initiation of immediate-early gene expression. The additional introduction of the SIM mutation into the viral genome did not further compromise viral replication but resulted in altered expression of viral proteins at late times postinfection. In summary, this paper clearly shows that IE2p86 SUMOylation is necessary for efficient replication of the HCMV laboratory strain AD169 and the clinical isolate VR1814 and thus for the in vivo function of this viral transcription factor.
Improving Relationship Satisfaction—Qualitative Insights Derived From Individuals Currently Within a Couple Relationship

Given the prevalence of relationship breakdown, and the unequivocal association with poor outcomes, ways in which to improve relationship satisfaction are of great importance. Derived from in-depth interviews with 112 individuals in a couple relationship, this study aims to explore and understand different beliefs and perceived capabilities toward improving couple relationships. Adopting an iterative, holistic approach to the thematic analysis, the findings initially emerged through people describing their current level of relationship satisfaction. By placing people’s meanings and interpretations within their own realities of their relationship “state,” participants were further distinguished by whether they held a more “developmental” or “nondevelopmental” relationship perspective. Relative to those with a “nondevelopmental” perspective, the “developmental” group perceived relationship change as positive, believed they had control to alter the course of their relationship for the better, recognized the importance of the relationship future, and saw the potential benefits of formal relationship support. The “developmental” group was more motivated to address relationship improvement and was aware of what made their own relationship endure. While contextualizing the research within its limitations and alongside previous research, the implications are centered on fostering a more “developmental” perspective by increasing knowledge and awareness about relationships, through a universal early intervention approach.
Joint Multi-Channel Link Layer and Multi-Path Routing Design for Wireless Mesh Networks

In recent years, the wireless mesh network (WMN) attracts the interest of many people as a new broadband Internet access technology. However, increasing throughput is still an open and challenging research issue. One potential solution is to enable transceivers to utilize multiple channels dynamically. However, most of existing works do not consider the routing issue, and trivially use some popular single-path routing protocols like AODV and DSR. In this paper, we exploit the benefit of multi-path routing in multi-channel WMNs from the aspect of end-to-end throughput. Between medium access control and network layers, we propose a novel protocol named Joint Multi-channel and Multi-path control (JMM) which combines multi-channel link layer with multi-path routing. Dividing time into slots, JMM coordinates channel usage among slots and schedules traffic flows on dual paths. Our scheme efficiently and intelligently decomposes contending traffics over different channels, different time, and different paths, and hence leads to significant throughput improvement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work discussing the joint design of multi-channel control and multi-path routing for WMNs.
Cultural Differences in Optimism, Pessimism, and Coping: Predictors of Subsequent Adjustment in Asian American and Caucasian American College Students.

Cultural differences were examined between 111 Asian American and 111 Caucasian American students matched on age and sex in a prospective design study. Using separate optimism and pessimism scores, Asian Americans were found to be more pessimistic than Caucasian Americans. Asian Americans were also found to use more problem avoidance and social withdrawal coping strategies than Caucasian Americans. When health outcomes were assessed 6 weeks later, Asian Americans were found to report more depressive and psychological symptoms, but not more physical symptoms, than Caucasian Americans. Results of separate regression analyses for each ethnic group indicated that along with different coping strategies, lack of optimism predicted all 3 health outcomes for Asian Americans, whereas pessimism predicted 2 of the 3 health outcomes for Caucasian Americans. Implications for future research and development of culturally appropriate interventions in working with Asian and Caucasian Americans are discussed.
Understanding and explaining Delta measures for authorship attribution

This article builds on a mathematical explanation of one the most prominent stylometric measures, Burrows’s Delta (and its variants), to understand and explain its working. Starting with the conceptual separation between feature selection, feature scaling, and distance measures, we have designed a series of controlled experiments in which we used the kind of feature scaling (various types of standardization and normalization) and the type of distance measures (notably Manhattan, Euclidean, and Cosine) as independent variables and the correct authorship attributions as the dependent variable indicative of the performance of each of the methods proposed. In this way, we are able to describe in some detail how each of these two variables interact with each other and how they influence the results. Thus we can show that feature vector normalization, that is, the transformation of the feature vectors to a uniform length of 1 (implicit in the cosine measure), is the decisive factor for the improvement of Delta proposed recently. We are also able to show that the information particularly relevant to the identification of the author of a text lies in the profile of deviation across the most frequent words rather than in the extent of the deviation or in the deviation of specific words only.
Effect of Organic Manures and Biofertilizer on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of Horticultural Crop: A Review

In the development and implementation of sustainable agriculture techniques, bio-fertilization is of great importance in order to alleviate deterioration of natural and environmental pollution. There is an increasing need for the management of the traditional processes of nutrient management, to result in higher nutrient concentration in soil and also to reduce environmental pollution. A considerable number of bacterial species are able to exert a beneficial effect on plant growth. Bio-fertilizers combined with organic manure influences the plant growth by enhancing root biomass; total root surface facilitates higher absorption of nutrients and increase in yield by reducing consumption of natural sources of energy. The organic fertilizers have proved that their application has the potential to increase the biomass and productivity of a wide range of crops. Hence, the research findings pertaining to these aspects on horticultural crops have been reviewed.
Testing the efficacy of quercetin in mitigating bisphenol A toxicity in liver and kidney of mice

Quercetin (3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxy flavone) is a potent antioxidant found in various fruits and vegetables. The present investigation was an attempt to evaluate the mitigatory effect of quercetin on the damage caused by bisphenol A (BPA; 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane), a well-known xenoestrogen, on liver and kidney of mice. Swiss strain adult male albino mice were orally administered with 120 and 240 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day BPA with or without quercetin (60 mg/kg bw/day) for 30 days. On the completion of the treatment period, animals were killed; organs were isolated and used for the study. Results revealed that oral administration of BPA for 30 days caused significant and dose-dependent decrease in body weight. Absolute and relative organ weights, total lipid and cholesterol contents were significantly increased in liver and kidney of mice when compared with vehicle control. BPA treatment also caused, when compared with vehicle control, a statistically significant reductions in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase as well as in glutathione and total ascorbic acid contents; however, significant increase was found in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histopathological studies revealed hepatocellular necrosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization and decrease in hepatocellular compactness in liver as well as distortion of the tubules, increased vacuolization, necrosis and disorganization of glomerulus in the kidney of BPA-treated mice. All these effects were dose-dependent. Co-treatment with quercetin (60 mg/kg bw) and BPA (low dose and high dose) alleviates the changes in body weight, as well as absolute and relative organ weights of mice. It also ameliorates the oxidative stress created by BPA by lowering MDA levels and by increasing enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants as well as it brings back the normal histoarchitecture of liver and kidney of mice. The present results revealed that graded doses of BPA caused oxidative damage in liver and kidney of mice, which is mitigated by quercetin.
Will Dynamic Spectrum Access Drain My Battery?

—To satisfy the ever-increasing demand for wireless bandwidth, Dynamic/Opportunistic Spectrum Access (DSA/OSA) will become increasingly important in the years to come. Since most of the wireless trafﬁc is generated by smartphones and other mobile devices, it is vital to determine the energy footprint of DSA/OSA, an aspect that has so far been ignored by the research community. To remedy this void, we present an extensive experimental evaluation of both spectrum sensing (using an Android-based low-cost Software Deﬁned Radio, ‘RLT-SDR’) and database querying (using operational white space databases by Google, SpectrumBridge, and Microsoft Research). The resulting insight into the basic (access) delay and energy consumption of these competing techniques has driven our subsequent modeling and analysis of long-term DSA/OSA with a mobile secondary user roaming in-between various ﬁxed primary users. We conclude that—despite the belief that spectrum sensing is energy hungry— cellular-based WSDB querying is many times more demanding; only querying over IEEE 802.11 does indeed consume less energy than spectrum sensing.
Predicting occupational injury: The role of affectivity

This study examines the impact of positive (PA) and negative affectivity (NA), controlling for personal and quality of work life factors, on occupational injury. A predictive design is employed, in which injury data were collected from organizational records one year following the administration of the survey. The LISREL results based on a sample of 362 blue-collar manufacturing employees indicate that the dispositional variables have differential effects. PA was found to have a significant negative impact, while NA had a significant positive impact on occupational injury. The personal variable of sex, and the quality of work life variables of routinization, supervisory and co-worker support were also found to predict occupational injury. The theoretical, practical and ethical implications of PA and NA for accident research are discussed.
Effects of Union Type on Division of Household Labor

Using data from 17,636 respondents in 28 nations, this research uses multilevel modeling to compare the reported division of household labor and factors affecting it for currently married and currently cohabiting couples. Cohabiting men report performing more household labor than do married men, and cohabiting women report performing less household labor than do married women. The findings provide support for the time-availability, relative-resources, and gender-ideology perspectives. The effects of time availability and relative resources on the division of household labor are substantially the same for both union types, but gender ideology is more influential on the division of labor reported by cohabiting than by married respondents. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Replicative Capacity Differences of Thymidine Analog Resistance Mutations in Subtype B and C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT In order to understand the impact of zidovudine resistance and thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) on subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1, we created mutants in subtype C reverse transcriptase (RT). The subtype B RT was placed in a subtype C backbone to act as a control. Mutants and wild-type (WT) virus were competed in a head-to-head competition assay to determine how different clones grew in the same culture. Different viruses were distinguished by sequence tags in nef and a quantitative-PCR assay. The 67N and 70R accessory mutations gave an advantage over the WT in subtype C, but these mutations in subtype B had replication capacities similar to that of the WT. Of the triple mutants examined, the TAM-1 types, 41L210W215Y, were the most fit in both subtypes, but only in subtype C was the replication capacity the same as that of the WT. The TAM-2 mutants, 67N70R215F, had the slowest replication in both clones. The mixed TAM pathway mutant, 67N70R215Y, in subtype C had a significant advantage over the TAM-2 mutant, but this was not seen in subtype B. When the WT viruses were competed with each other, the subtype B RT had enhanced replication relative to subtype C. The increased capacities of the 67N and 70R mutations may indicate that there will be greater transmitted resistance and persistence in a subtype C setting than what is known for subtype B.
Extracorporeal life support for massive pulmonary embolism.

BACKGROUND Massive pulmonary embolism is frequently lethal because of acute irreversible pulmonary and cardiac failure. Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has been used for cardiopulmonary failure in our institution since 1988, and we reviewed our experience with its use in the management of massive pulmonary emboli. METHODS We reviewed our complete experience with ECLS for massive pulmonary emboli from January 1992 through December 2005. The records of 21 patients were examined and data extracted. RESULTS During the study period, 21 patients received ECLS for massive pulmonary emboli. All patients were on vasoactive drugs, acidemic, and hypoxic at the time of institution of ECLS. Eight were in active cardiac arrest. Five were trauma patients, eight had recently undergone an operation, and six had a hypercoagulable disorder. Nineteen of the 21 patients were cannulated for venoarterial bypass and two were placed on venovenous bypass. The average duration of support for survivors was 5.4 days, ranging from 5 hours to 12.5 days. Emboli resolved with anticoagulation in 10 of 13 survivors and 4 of 13 survivors underwent surgical pulmonary embolectomy. Catastrophic neurologic events were the most common cause of mortality in our series; four patients died from intracranial hemorrhage. The overall survival rate was 62% (13/21). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that emergent ECLS provides an opportunity to improve the prognosis of an otherwise near-fatal condition, and should be considered in the algorithm for management of a massive pulmonary embolism in an unstable patient.