Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research Ethics Education in Economics

Abstract In this paper, we report the findings from the data we collected from a survey in order to measure how common research ethics education in economics is. We have found out that (1) research ethics is taught in only a very few economics departments around the globe; (2) topics related to research ethics are not taught in courses on economics and ethics; and (3) the number of papers published in specialised peer-reviewed journals on economics education is only a tiny fraction of the number of papers published in these journals. There has been no evidence in economics showing that economics departments have taken strong initiative on teaching research ethics to undergraduate and graduate students.
Neuroferritinopathy: Missense mutation in FTL causing early-onset bilateral pallidal involvement

The authors identified a missense mutation in the FTL gene (474G>A; A96T) in a 19-year-old man with parkinsonism, ataxia, corticospinal signs, mild nonprogressive cognitive deficit, and episodic psychosis. This mutation was also present in his asymptomatic mother and younger brother, who had abnormally low levels of ferritin in the serum. The patient and his mother displayed bilateral involvement of the pallidum.
Engagement, conduct of life and dropouts in the Danish vocational education and training (VET) system

Abstract This study provides support for the idea that school engagement is a central concept when trying to understand the dropout process. One of the strengths of this concept is that it involves understanding dropping out as a process, rather than as an event. However, the concept of school engagement also presents a number of problems. It tends to be functionalistic in nature: Processes of students’ school engagement and disengagement are partly the consequences of institutional initiatives – for example, how teachers act or how the school environment is organised. Furthermore, mainstream dropout researchers formulate the concept of engagement both simplistically and mechanistically by seeing engagement as something that the students possess to varying degrees. Inspired by critical psychology, this study includes a different concept of student engagement: We must take the students’ life conduct as the point of departure when approaching their school engagement and decision to drop out. The theoretical claims in the paper are substantiated by empirical results from 160 interviews with vocational educational and training (VET) students in the Danish VET system, and this paper will show how school engagement is closely related to the events in the other contextual settings of students’ lives.
Should We Care about "Don't Care" Testing Inputs?: Empirical Investigation of Pair-Wise Testing

When test sets are generated according to a coverage criterion, it is often sufficient to fix values only for some of the inputs to achieve 100% coverage. Other inputs are immaterial and the coverage is achieved with any of their values ("don't care" values). The research question is: How do these "don't care" values (which can reach up to 20% of all input values) influence the effectiveness and other characteristics of test sets? The paper empirically investigated this question for pair-wise test sets applied for logical expressions with different sizes and complexities. Variations of the effectiveness and the Modified Condition/Decision Coverage (MC/DC) levels of pair-wise test sets were analyzed. Our results show that these variations are low and so pair-wise test sets with different "don't care" values are very stable. Any test set with randomly selected "don't care" values can be similarly used for practical testing.
OXA-Carbapenemases Present in Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex Isolates from Patients in Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

In addition to intrinsic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, many different types of acquired resistance mechanisms have been reported, including the presence of VIM and IMP metallo β-lactamases and also of blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-58-like enzymes. In the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the multiresistant A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex is prevalent. We characterized the different mechanisms of resistance present in clinical isolates collected from different wards and different hospitals from the Kurdistan region. One hundred twenty clinical nonduplicate A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates were collected from four hospitals between January 2012 and October 2013. The identification of the isolates was confirmed by MALDI-TOF. The susceptibility to different antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion and analyzed in accordance to EUCAST guidelines. By PCR, the presence of blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like, and blaOXA-58-like genes was determined as well as the presence of the insertion element ISAba1. Clonal diversity was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using the restriction enzyme ApaI and, in addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on a selected subset of 15 isolates. All 120 A. baumannii isolates harbored blaOXA-51-like genes. One hundred one out of 110 (92%) imipenem (IMP)-resistant A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates additionally carried the blaOXA-23-like gene and four isolates (3%) were positive for blaOXA-24-like. All 101 blaOXA-23-like-positive isolates had the ISAba1 insertion sequence, 1,600 bp upstream of the blaOXA-23-like gene. The blaOXA-58-like gene was not detected in any of the 110 IMP-resistant strains. Eight different PFGE clusters were identified and distributed over the different hospitals. MLST analysis performed on a subset of 15 representative isolates revealed the presence of the international clone ST2 (Pasteur). Besides ST2 (Pasteur), also many other STs (Pasteur) were encountered such as ST136, ST94, ST623, ST792, and ST793, all carrying the blaOXA-23 gene. In clinical A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates from Kurdistan-Iraq, the blaOXA-23 gene in combination with the upstream ISAba1 insertion element is largely responsible for carbapenem resistance. Several small clusters of identical genotypes were found from patients admitted to the same ward and during overlapping time periods, suggesting transmission within the hospital. Identification of source(s) and limiting the transmission of these strains to patients needs to be prioritized.
Early Determinants of Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Animal Models of Complex Congenital Heart Disease

In this article, we review the current state of knowledge about early changes in the pulmonary vasculature that result from persistent systemic-to–pulmonary arterial shunting in newborn lambs. Data generated in this model system may be important in children with various forms of congenital heart disease (CHD), but perhaps most so in those with single-ventricle anomalies. Children born with a functional single ventricle (eg, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, tricuspid atresia, or pulmonary atresia) represent a subgroup of patients with CHD with the poorest outcome, with 5-year mortality rates up to 50%. 1 Although functionally single-ventricle heart disease comprises many structural variants, a shared physiological feature is that both systemic and pulmonary circulations are supplied in parallel by a functionally single pumping chamber. Immediately after birth, the pulmonary vasculature of these infants is exposed to abnormal conditions, such as increased flow or pressure.2,–,4 Over time, if these abnormal forces are not modified, they can lead to progressive functional and morphological abnormalities in the pulmonary vasculature that are characterized by altered reactivity, increased resistance, and structural alterations (remodeling). 3 Clinically, these abnormalities can have an important impact on surgical options and perioperative outcome. The current approach to neonates with a functional single ventricle is to establish a controlled, low-pressure source of pulmonary blood flow that facilitates systemic oxygen delivery sufficient to permit somatic growth and development without excessive ventricular volume loading, typically by means of a surgical systemic-to–pulmonary artery or ventricle-to–pulmonary artery conduit or by restricting the main or branch pulmonary arteries.2 The pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow balance can be difficult to achieve, and the infant runs the gauntlet between pulmonary blood flow that is too low (resulting in chronic hypoxemia and the potential consequences thereof) or …
HIGH-ORDER WENO SCHEME FOR POLYMERIZATION-TYPE EQUATIONS ∗

Polymerization of proteins is a biochimical process involved in different diseases. Mathematically, it is generally modeled by aggregation-fragmentation-type equations. In this paper we consider a general polymerization model and propose a high-order numerical scheme to investigate the behavior of the solution. An important property of the equation is the mass conservation. The fifth-order WENO scheme is built to preserve the total mass of proteins along time.
Xenogeneic murine tyrosinase DNA vaccine for malignant melanoma of the digit of dogs.

BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma of dogs is a highly aggressive neoplasm and is the 2nd most common digit tumor. Metastatic disease is a common sequela for which few effective treatment options exist. Studies show that xenogeneic tyrosinase DNA vaccination yields immune responses and prolongation of survival in dogs with oral malignant melanoma. OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Describe clinical findings and tumor characteristics of a cohort of dogs with digit malignant melanoma, and evaluate the prognostic utility of a proposed staging system. Determine if a novel xenogeneic DNA vaccine is safe and potentially effective for treatment of dogs with digit melanoma. ANIMALS Fifty-eight dogs with digit malignant melanoma treated at the Animal Medical Center between 2004 and 2007. METHODS Retrospective, medical records review of dogs with digit melanoma treated with xenogeneic DNA vaccine. RESULTS Overall median survival time (MST) for dogs treated with loco-regional control and xenogeneic DNA vaccine was 476 days with a 1-year survival rate of 63%. MST for dogs presenting with metastasis was 105 days versus 533 days for dogs presenting without metastasis (P < .0001). Forty-eight percent of the dogs in the latter group were alive at 2 and 3 years. A proposed staging system proved prognostic with stages I-IV dogs surviving >952, >1,093, 321, and 76 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The xenogeneic murine tyrosinase DNA vaccine was safe and appears effective when used in conjunction with local and regional disease control. The proposed staging system was prognostic in this study and future studies might benefit from utilizing this staging system.
Putting the “self” in self-deprecation: When deprecating humor about minorities is acceptable

Abstract This study tested how source knowledge affects enjoyment of self-deprecating humor about a minority group. Participants made aware that the source of a message poking fun at people with disabilities was himself disabled had more positive evaluations of the cartoon and author than participants unaware of his disability. Participants initially given no source information judged the author more positively the second time when they were given follow-up source information. Finally, some effects were moderated by the disability status of the message receiver, such that having a disability or knowing someone who does predicted higher liking of the cartoons when the author is disabled but lower liking when he is not. The results suggest a role for self-deprecating humor in intergroup relations, and predict when such humor will be accepted by minority and non-minority group members.
A rule-based named entity recognition system for speech input

In this paper, we propose a rule based (transformation based) named entity recognition system which uses the Brill rule inference approach. To measure its performance, we compare the performance of the rule-based system and IdentiFinder, oneof themostsuccessful stochastic systems. Inthebaseline case (nopunctuationand nocapitalisation), both systems show almost equal performance. They also have similar performance in the case of additional information such as punctuation, capitalisation and name lists. The performance of both systems degrade linearly with addedspeechrecognition errors, andtheirrates of degrada-tion are almost equal. These results show that automatic rule inference is a viable alternative to the HMM-based approach to named entity recognition, but it retains the advantages of a rule-based approach.
Aortic permeability to LDL as a predictor of aortic cholesterol accumulation in cholesterol-fed rabbits.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that the permeability characteristics of the arterial wall are related to the development of atherosclerosis. The in vivo regional variation of aortic permeability to iodinated human low density lipoprotein (LDL) in normal rabbits was compared with the regional variation in aortic cholesterol accumulation in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Aortas were divided into the aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta, and each of these three parts was further subdivided into four segments of similar size. The permeability to LDL was 40 +/- 7 nl.cm-2.hr-1 (mean +/- SEM, n = 11) in the most proximal segment of the aortic arch and decreased throughout the length of the aorta to 3 +/- 1 nl.cm-2.hr-1 in the most caudal segment of the abdominal aorta. In such normal rabbits the aortic cholesterol content was similar in all 12 arterial segments at 0.08 +/- 0.005 mumol/cm2 (mean +/- SEM, n = 3 x 12). Aortic cholesterol accumulation was determined in other rabbits with an average plasma cholesterol level of 32 +/- 1 mmol/l for 96 days; the cholesterol content in the most proximal segment of the aortic arch was 2.7 +/- 0.5 mumol/cm2 (mean +/- SEM, n = 11) and decreased with increasing distance from the heart to 0.17 +/- 0.03 mumol/cm2 in the most caudal segment of the abdominal aorta. Linear regression analysis showed a close positive association between the permeability to LDL of a given aortic segment and the cholesterol accumulation in that same aortic segment after cholesterol feeding (r2 = 0.96, p < 0.001). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Agitated behavior in elderly nursing home residents with dementia in Japan.

This study is the first investigation of the frequency of agitated behaviors in elderly dementia patients in Japanese nursing homes using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (J. Cohen-Mansfield, 1991). Despite major differences between Japanese and American cultures, findings were highly consistent with those of previous U.S. studies. Physically aggressive behavior, although evidenced by only 10-20% of the sample, comprised the strongest factor. A separate factor for verbal agitation also emerged. The behaviors declined during the evening and night shifts. In both the Japanese and U.S. samples, wandering, general restlessness, verbal agitation such as repetitious questioning, cursing, and complaining occurred most frequently. Another 4-point scale was used to code the degree to which agitated behavior occurred during eating, dressing, bathing, and toileting for each resident. The majority of aggressive behavior occurred in relation to personal caregiving, especially in regard to bathing. Despite major cultural differences, Japanese findings paralleled previous U.S. results.
Full-field transient vibrometry of the human tympanic membrane by local phase correlation and high-speed holography

Abstract. Understanding the human hearing process would be helped by quantification of the transient mechanical response of the human ear, including the human tympanic membrane (TM or eardrum). We propose a new hybrid high-speed holographic system (HHS) for acquisition and quantification of the full-field nanometer transient (i.e., >10 kHz) displacement of the human TM. We have optimized and implemented a 2+1 frame local correlation (LC) based phase sampling method in combination with a high-speed (i.e., >40 K fps) camera acquisition system. To our knowledge, there is currently no existing system that provides such capabilities for the study of the human TM. The LC sampling method has a displacement difference of <11 nm relative to measurements obtained by a four-phase step algorithm. Comparisons between our high-speed acquisition system and a laser Doppler vibrometer indicate differences of <10 μs. The high temporal (i.e., >40 kHz) and spatial (i.e., >100 k data points) resolution of our HHS enables parallel measurements of all points on the surface of the TM, which allows quantification of spatially dependent motion parameters, such as modal frequencies and acoustic delays. Such capabilities could allow inferring local material properties across the surface of the TM.
Denosumab for the prevention of skeletal complications in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: comparison of skeletal-related events and symptomatic skeletal events

In this analysis of a phase III trial in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases, treatment with denosumab reduced the risk of skeletal complications vs zoledronic acid regardless of whether the end point was defined as SSE or SRE. Both SSEs and SREs were associated with development of moderate/severe pain among patients with no/mild pain at baseline.
Awareness and the emotional experience of acquired brain injury

Across three papers, this thesis explores emotional adjustment and its relation to selfawareness following an acquired brain injury (ABI). The first paper, a literature review, discusses the findings of studies that have investigated the relationship between selfawareness and emotional distress following an ABI. Some of the studies demonstrated an association between the two variables, whilst others did not. Three variables, namely; time since injury, injury severity and the influence of rehabilitation were found to exert some influence on findings. The second paper presents findings from an empirical study that explores the lived experience of emotional adjustment following an ABI, in individuals who participated in an Emotional Management therapeutic group. The study was undertaken according to the principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), with semi structured interviews being conducted with six individuals aged between 58-69 years. Distinct aspects of experience emerged, forming three overarching super-ordinate themes: biographical disruption, adjustment and post-traumatic growth. Biographical disruption described the instant and devastating onset of an ABI which imposes significant change and loss. Pre-injury personality, self-awareness and societal perceptions were discussed in regards to their influence on self-appraisals. Adjustment outlined a process of adaptation to the ABI, which appeared to be facilitated by meeting others who had also sustained an ABI. Posttraumatic growth explored how participants acquired new insights and meaning to life, whereby they discussed enjoying richer relationships and worrying less. The third paper discusses implications for theory and clinical practice that emerged from the first two papers. It outlines a range of factors and patient characteristics that may contribute to the development of emotional adjustment disorders following ABI, thereby drawing attention to how clinical interventions should be designed to minimise their impact. In addition, it explores areas for development and further research. A personal reflection of the research process and outcomes is included.
Biomedical waste management practices in a tertiary-care hospital in Punjab -

Background: Biomedical waste (BMW) has recently emerged as an issue of major concern not only to hospitals and nursing homes, but also to the environmental and law enforcing agencies, media, and the general public. BMW forms approximately 1%–2% of the total municipal solid waste stream. Objectives: The aims of the study were the following: to get background information about the disposal of hospital waste; to determine the awareness regarding waste management practices; to document the waste management practices; and to suggest the possible remedial measures, if required. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a medical college hospital in Patiala district. A survey of the personnel handling and monitoring the BMW was carried out using a scientifically prescribed questionnaire. Results: More than 90% of the nurses and laboratory technicians were well aware of the proper disposal of the sharps and infected waste, but only 50% of the sweepers could satisfactorily answer about the same. Among nurses, approximately 90% were aware that improper management of BMW causes environmental pollution and injuries, whereas 60% of nurses and laboratory technicians could enlist the diseases transmitted by improper handling of BMW. Approximately 40–60% of ward boys and sweepers were aware of the effects of poor handling of BMW on environment and the injuries caused by it, but none of them could tell the diseases transmitted by the improper recycling of hospital waste or by improper handling of BMW. Conclusion: The human element is found to be far more important than the technology. Almost any system of treatment and disposal of BMW that is operated by well-trained and well-motivated staff can provide greater protection to staff, patients, and the community than an expensive and sophisticated system that is managed by staff who do not understand the risk and the importance of their contribution.
SEROLOGICAL STUDY OF BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS AND RELATED SPECIES

It has become increasingly evident during recent years that cultures of Bordetella pertussis (Moreno-Lop6z, 1952) (Haemophilus pertussis), even when first isolated, differ serologically. The basis for the differences has been studied by various workers including Andersen (1953), Lacey (1953) and the group in our own laboratory, but no generally accepted antigenic analysis has been worked out. Neither is it known whether the differences among cultures are related in any way to differences in protective properties among vaccines prepared from particular cultures. Andersen's studies based on the methods of Kaiffmann led her to suggest a schema for the three species we now consider under the genus Bordetella. According to her, the relationships among the species are the result of a common heat stable "O" antigen and differences within species to heat labile K antigens, some of which are common to more than one species. Lacey's approach was to induce as many antigenic changes or "modulations" as possible by varying the incubation temperature and the salts in the medium. In the present study, the B. pertussis cultures of Andersen were included as a basis for comparison and reference, and the differentiation of heat labile and heat stable antigens was attempted. Antigens were prepared from cultures of B. pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica grown on BordetGengou medium and killed either with Merthiolate, or with heat at 120 C for 1 hr. Antisera against the various antigens were produced in rabbits, and the pooled serum from two rabbits was used for agglutination and agglutinin adsorption tests.