Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Myosin VIII associates with microtubule ends and together with actin plays a role in guiding plant cell division

Plant cells divide using the phragmoplast, a microtubule-based structure that directs vesicles secretion to the nascent cell plate. The phragmoplast forms at the cell center and expands to reach a specified site at the cell periphery, tens or hundreds of microns distant. The mechanism responsible for guiding the phragmoplast remains largely unknown. Here, using both moss and tobacco, we show that myosin VIII associates with the ends of phragmoplast microtubules and together with actin plays a role in guiding phragmoplast expansion to the cortical division site. Our data lead to a model whereby myosin VIII links phragmoplast microtubules to the cortical division site via actin filaments. Myosin VIII's motor activity along actin provides a molecular mechanism for steering phragmoplast expansion. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03498. 001
Design and implementation of a high performance financial Monte-Carlo simulation engine on an FPGA supercomputer

Monte-Carlo simulation is a very widely used technique in scientific computations in general with huge computation benefits in solving problems where closed form solutions are impossible to derive. This technique is also characterized by a high degree of parallelism as a large number of different simulation paths need to be calculated, which makes it ideal for a parallel hardware implementation. This paper illustrates the benefits of such implementation in the context of financial computing as it implements a financial Monte-Carlo simulation engine on an FPGA-based supercomputer, called Maxwell, developed at the University of Edinburgh. The latter consists of a 32 CPU cluster augmented with 64 Virtex-4 Xilinx FPGAs connected in a 2D torus. Our engine can implement various Monte-Carlo simulations on the Maxwell machine with speed-ups in the 3-order magnitude compared to equivalent software implementations. This is illustrated in this paper in the context of an implementation of the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Real hardware implementation shows that our FPGA-based implementation of the Black-Scholes model outperforms an equivalent software implementation running on a workstation cluster with the same number of computing nodes (CPU/FPGA) by a factor of 750, which is the fastest ever reported FPGA implementation of this model.
ACE Inhibitors and Appearance of Renal Events in Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis

Nephrosclerosis constitutes a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Independently of blood pressure control, ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) are considered to be more nephroprotective than other antihypertensive agents. We have reviewed the long-term evolution of renal function in our series of essential hypertensive patients diagnosed as having nephrosclerosis when first seen in our unit. The analysis was performed depending on whether or not their antihypertensive therapy contained an ACEI alone or in combination for the whole follow-up. The end point was defined as the confirmation of a 50% reduction in creatinine clearance or entry in a dialysis program. A historical cohort of 295 patients was included in the analysis. Mean follow-up was 7.4±3.9 years. Diabetes prevalence was higher in ACEI-treated patients (25.7% versus 7.1%, P =0.000), but the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy could not be confirmed on clinical grounds, including renal biopsy. Twenty-three out of 183 (12.6%) patients in the ACEI group and 23 out of 112 (20.5%) patients in the non-ACEI group experienced a renal event (P =0.0104 by log rank test). Similar results were observed when only nondiabetic patients were considered for the analysis. Cox regression analysis showed that baseline serum creatinine, absence of ACEI administration, mean proteinuria during follow-up, and age were independent predictors for the development of a renal event. In hypertensive nephrosclerosis, therapy containing an ACEI alone or in combination significantly reduces the incidence of renal events. This effect is independent of blood pressure control.
Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (TREALD-30)

Abstract Objective: To culturally adapt the Turkish version of Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (TREALD-30) for Turkish-speaking adult dental patients and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Material and methods: After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, TREALD-30 was tested in a sample of 127 adult patients who attended a dental school clinic in Istanbul. Data were collected through clinical examinations and self-completed questionnaires, including TREALD-30, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM), two health literacy screening questions, and socio-behavioral characteristics. Psychometric properties were examined using Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Rasch analysis. Results: Internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.91) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99) were satisfactory for TREALD-30. It exhibited good convergent and predictive validity. Monthly family income, years of education, dental flossing, health literacy, and health literacy skills were found as stronger predictors of patients’oral health literacy (OHL). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed a two-factor model. The Rasch model explained 37.9% of the total variance in this dataset. In addition, TREALD-30 had eleven misfitting items, which indicated evidence of multidimensionality. The reliability indeces provided in Rasch analysis (person separation reliability = 0.91 and expected-a-posteriori/plausible reliability = 0.94) indicated that TREALD-30 had acceptable reliability. Conclusion: TREALD-30 showed satisfactory psychometric properties. It may be used to identify patients with low OHL. Socio-demographic factors, oral health behaviors and health literacy skills should be taken into account when planning future studies to assess the OHL in both clinical and community settings.
Esophageal cancer and the importance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)

Keywords Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Esophageal cancer Survival Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies, worldwide. It is important to find out what prognostic factors can facilitate diagnosis, optimize therapeutic decisions, and improve the survival of these patients. Despite improvements in surgical techniques combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, the novel therapies such as small molecule inhibitors of tyrosine kinases (TKIs) and humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are very much needed. On the other hand, neoadjuvant chemotherapy which may improve the outcome is accompanied by toxicity by destruction of normal cells. Side effects may be avoided by developing therapies that specifically target molecular characteristics of tumors. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of tyrosine kinases receptors widely distributed in human epithelial cell membrane. Genetic polymorphisms in EGFR genes influence cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metastasis. EGFR mutations are mostly observed in lung tumors; curiously they are more prevalent in Asian women diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. Also, esophageal SCC shows a relatively high incidence of EGFR (33%) and/or HER2 (31%) overexpression. Patients who carry these mutations in EGFR have been founded tending to have a better response to gefitinib, an EGFR-TKI, whereas patients with the wild-type genotype show a better response to conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, finding clinical characteristics and environmental interactions with EGFR can affect on investigations about novel anti-cancer therapies like monoclonal antibodies and gene therapy and studies which identify patients who may benefit from EGFR targeted therapies. Hence, it may be effective on the improvement of prognosis in these patients. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effects of Literary Therapy Intervention on Ego Resilience and Maladaptive Behavior in Children of Broken Homes

주요어: 결손가정, 자아탄력성, 부적응행동, 문학치료 Address reprint requests to: Park, Wan Ju, College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University, 101 Dongin 2-ga, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-422, Korea. Tel: 82-53-420-4977, Fax: 82-53-421-2758, E-mail: wanJupark@knu.ac. kr 본 논문은 박사학위논문 중 일부를 발췌한 것임. This Study is a Revision of Doctoral Dissertation. 투고일 2011년 3월 22일 / 수정일 1차: 2011년 4월 11일, 2차: 2011년 6월 1일 / 게재확정일 2011년 6월 5일 결손가정아동의 자아탄력성과 부적응행동 변화에 미치는 문학치료 중재 효과 박완주·김미예 경북대학교 간호대학 조교수, 교수
Human Neuroscience

complexity, to very detailed networks of multi-compartment neurons connected via specific synaptic maps. Whereas the latter, detailed models allow the study of precise mechanisms to explain specific empirical observations, the former, more abstracted approach seeks to elucidate fundamental mechanisms that may underpin a variety of apparently diverse neurophysiological phenomena. The cortex has a very detailed cytoarchitectural and physiological make-up and, clearly, this detail is crucial to its many specific functions. However, " physiologically precise " models can quickly become highly parameterized, making systematic explorations of their dynamics an increasing challenge. Moreover, as we will show, even very simple dynamical systems are capable of both extraordinary spatiotemporal complexity and quite specific dynamics. The present study is squarely positioned towards the more abstract, fundamental mechanisms end of the spectrum. In fact, in terms of oscillatory behavior – the focus of the present Special Issue – we study the most pared-back model achievable, the so-called Kuramoto model of coupled phase oscillators (Kuramoto, 1984). This model posits that the activity of a local system (neuron/ neural column/cortical area) can be sufficiently represented by its circular phase alone. Interactions amongst these entities, which collectively constitute a dynamical structure at the next coarsest spatial scale, are then introduced by a simple algebraic form that captures the essential characteristics of their exchanges, such as a post-synaptic transmembrane perturbation. In its simplest version, the Kuramoto model is a highly symmetrical and idealized system
Sexual identity development among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: Consistency and change over time

A longitudinal report of 156 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths examined changes in sexual identity over time. Fifty‐seven percent of the youths consistently self‐identified as gay/lesbian, 18% transitioned from bisexual to gay/lesbian, and 15% consistently identified as bisexual over time. Although youths who consistently identified as gay/lesbian did not differ from other youths on time since experiencing sexual developmental milestones, they reported current sexual orientation and sexual behaviors that were more same‐sex centered and they scored higher on aspects of the identity integration process (e.g., more certain, comfortable, and accepting of their same‐sex sexuality, more involved in gay‐related social activities, more possessing of positive attitudes toward homosexuality, and more comfortable with others knowing about their sexuality) than youths who transitioned to a gay/lesbian identity and youths who consistently identified as bisexual. Contrary to the hypothesis that females are more sexually fluid than males, we found that female youths were less likely to change identities than males. The finding that youths who transitioned to a gay/lesbian identity differed from consistently gay/lesbian youths suggests that sexual identity development continues after the adoption of a gay/lesbian sexual identity.
MRI/MRS of corpus callosum in patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis

A trophy of corpus callosum (C C) related to axonal loss has previously been observed in patients at the early stage of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS). Atrophy increases with the progression of the disease. Nevertheless, no data concerning the onset of atrophy of C C are currently available. The purpose of this study is to determine if damage in callosal tissue was present at the earliest stage of MS, in a subgroup of patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of MS (C ISSMS), fulfilling the dissemination in space criteria according to McDonald. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques were applied to measure C C volume, magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), mean diffusivity (MD), N-acetyl aspartate/choline-containing compounds (NAA/C ho) ratio, N-acetyl aspartate/total creatine (NA A/C r) ratio and C ho/C r ratio inside the C C of 46 C ISSMS patients and 24 sexand age-matched controls. No atrophy of C C was observed in the C ISSMS group. C C of patients was character ized by decreased MTR and increased MD. No change in the NA A/C r ratio was observed while the NA A/C ho ratio decreased and C ho/C r ratio increased in the splenium and the central anterio r part of C C. These abnormalities were present in patients with, but also without, macroscopic lesions inside the C C. O ur results indicate that diffuse structural and metabolic changes, which may be interpreted as representing predominantly myelin patho logy, occur in the C C at the earliest stage of MS before any atrophy is detected.
Disregulated Expression of the Th2 Cytokine Gene in Patients with Intraoral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

It has been seen that advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with impaired T‐cell function and higher antibody response. In order to find out if such immune disregulation is associated with alteration of T‐helper (Th) type CD4+ T‐cell phenotype leading to altered cytokine production, we studied the Th‐like cytokine profile in 35 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 21 normal controls. Concomitant expression of both Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes was studied by reverse transcription and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based amplification (RT‐PCR) of mRNA extracted from freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using specific primers for Interferon (IFN)‐γ, Interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐10. Almost 63% of oral cancer patients showed polarization of a Th‐like cytokine response as compared to 33 % of the normal controls while 66.6% of normal controls showed a predominantly non‐polarized Th0 response. Expression of IFN‐γ and IL‐2 genes was more commonly seen in the early stage of the disease (p < 0.02) whereas majority of advanced stage tumours was associated with enhanced expression of IL‐4 and IL‐10 but not IFN‐γ and IL‐2 genes. Patients with lymphnode metastases and poorly differentiated tumours expressed IL‐4 and IL‐10 more frequently with concomitant suppression of IFN‐γ and IL‐2 genes. It seems therefore, that the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma leads to polarization of cytokine gene expression that is skewed towards the Th1‐like response in the early stage. However, increasing tumour load and lymphnode invasion suppresses Th1 cytokine genes, thus skewing it toward a Th2‐like cytokine response.
Effect of Adrenal Hormone Overdosage on Bacterial Removal by the Splanchnic Viscera.∗

Summary Chronic administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisone had no effect on the removal of M. aureus var pyogenes by the splanchnic vascular system. It is suggested that the increased incidence of bacteremia seen after ACTH and cortisone as well as that seen in the leucopenic states is the result of poor localization of the organisms in the tissues. In the former, the reduction in the inflammatory reaction and the change in the metabolism of leucocytes are important. In the latter, white blood cells are not present to migrate into the lesion. There was a questionable increase in removal rate after acute administration (4 hours).
Comprehensive Trail Making Test

Anastasi, A. , & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological testing (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bracken, B. A. , & Walker, K. C. (1997). The utility of intelligence tests for preschool children. In D. P. Flanagan, J. L. Genshaft, & P. C. Harrison (Eds.), Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests and issues (pp. 484-502). New York: Guilford. Ginsburg, H. P., & Baroody, A. J. (2003). Test of Early Mathematics Ability–Second Edition. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals make autoantibodies that bind to CD43 on normal thymic lymphocytes

Sera from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and - noninfected individuals were screened for antibodies that could bind to native T cell differentiation antigens. Antibodies that could immunoprecipitate CD43 (sialophorin, leukosialin) from a T cell lymphoma line were detected in sera from 27% of patients, and antibodies that could bind specifically to transfected cells expressing CD43 were detected in 47% of patients. The anti-CD43 antibodies were related to HIV-1 infection in that no patients with other chronic viral infections or systemic lupus erythematosus contained such antibodies in their sera. The anti-CD43 autoantibodies bound to a partially sialylated form of CD43 expressed by normal human thymocytes, but not by normal, circulating T lymphocytes. However, the determinant(s) recognized by the anti-CD43 autoantibodies was present on a large proportion of circulating T lymphocytes, but masked from antibody recognition by sialic acid residues. These results demonstrate that HIV- 1 infection is specifically associated with the production of autoantibodies that bind to a native T cell surface antigen.
Lactate and shock state: the metabolic view

Purpose of reviewThe conventional view in severe sepsis or septic shock is that most of the lactate that accumulates in the circulation is due to cellular hypoxia and the onset of anaerobic glycolysis. A number of papers have suggested that lactate formation during sepsis is not due to hypoxia. I discuss this hypothesis and outline the recent advances in the understanding of lactate metabolism in shock. Recent findingsNumerous experimental data have demonstrated that stimulation of aerobic glycolysis – that is, glycolysis not attributable to oxygen deficiency – and glycogenolysis occurs not only in resting, well-oxygenated skeletal muscles but also during experimental haemorrhagic shock and experimental sepsis, and is closely linked to stimulation of sarcolemmal Na+/K+-ATPase under epinephrine stimulation. A human study of hyperkinetic septic shock demonstrated that skeletal muscle is a leading source of lactate production by exaggerated aerobic glycolysis through Na+/K+-ATPase stimulation. SummaryThere is increasing evidence that sepsis is accompanied by a hypermetabolic state, with enhanced glycolysis and hyperlactataemia. This should not be rigorously interpreted as an indication of hypoxia. It now appears, at least in the hyperkinetic state, that increased lactate production and concentration as a result of hypoxia are often the exception rather than the rule.
Online Updating of Rotor Time Constant Based on Combined Voltage and Current Mode Flux Observer for Speed-Sensorless AC Drives

The simultaneous online estimation algorithm of rotor time constant and rotor speed for a speed-sensorless induction machine is proposed. With a small signal injected to the flux command, the method can accurately complete the online tuning of Tr over a wide range of speed estimation, including the rated speed and the very low speed of 1 Hz or even lower speeds under both no-load and loaded operations. Sensitivity of stator resistance error is studied, and the impact of stator resistance error on this method is severely reduced by the closed-loop structure of combined voltage and current (UI) mode flux observer. The identification process only needs the ac component amplitude without considering ac component phase drifts; thus, the division by zero at the zero-crossing point is avoided, which greatly increases the accuracy. Furthermore, any differential integral operations or even a filter is not needed; hence, the computation is rather simple and time saving. Moreover, unlike other signal injection methods, there are no special requirements on the injected signal frequency. The accuracy and validity of the method has been verified by Matrix Laboratory simulation model. Further experimental results on a 2.2-kW 50-Hz 4-pole induction motor also show effectiveness of this proposed method.
Testing the Second-Order Factor Structure and Measurement Equivalence of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale Across Gender and Ethnicity

The present study examined the measurement equivalence of a second-order factor model of emotional intelligence (EI). Using scores for 921 job applicants obtained during a personnel selection process, measurement equivalence of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) was tested across ethnic (Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics) and gender groups. Results (a) supported the four-dimension, second-order factor structure of EI and (b) indicated that scores on the WLEIS are comparable across gender and ethnic groups. Findings are discussed in the context of applied and research-based relevance.
Mapping knowledge controversies: science, democracy and the redistribution of expertise

Reflecting on conversations between geography and science and technology studies (STS) over the last 15 years or so, this paper addresses their shared interest in knowledge controversies as generative political events. It explores how such events give rise to new ways of practising relations between science and democracy focusing on the case of environmental knowledge claims and technologies. This exploration interrogates three mobilizations of environmental knowledge controversies that have different implications for redistributing expertise, including that of (social) scientists, in the composition of knowledge polities. The first version sets out to map the language commitments of contributors to a controversy with the aim of enabling interested citizens to trace the ‘partisanship’ of scientific knowledge claims. The second is also a cartographic exercise designed to teach students how to account for the political force of technoscientific controversies by mapping the intense entanglements of scientific knowledge claims with legal, moral, economic and social concerns on the web. The third is concerned less with mapping knowledge controversies from an analytical distance than with an experimental research methodology that sets out to intervene in extant controversies in ways that map researchers’ own knowledge claims into what is at stake.
Social physique anxiety and eating attitudes: Moderating effects of body mass and gender

Abstract One purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between social physique anxiety and eating attitudes in a university population. A second purpose was to determine if body mass and gender served to moderate social physique anxiety-eating attitude relations. University students (N = 85) completed the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS; Har et al., 1989), the Eating Attitude Test (EAT; Garner & Garfinkel, 1979) and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS; Reynolds, 1982). A Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated from the height and weight measurements of the participant. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that, after accounting for social desirability effects, social physique anxiety scores were positively related to disturbed eating attitude scores. In addition, both BMI and gender served to moderate the social physique anxiety-disturbed eating attitudes relationship. More importantly, however, these moderator variables were shown to operate interactively to influ.