Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making Ourselves Understood: The Role of Previous Experience, Stereotypes, Communication Accommodation, and Anxiety in Americans' Perceptions of Communication with Chinese Students

This study examined American students’ perceptions of communication with Chinese international students in two parts. First, studies were conducted to explore the stereotypes American students have about Chinese students. To begin, 100 American students from classes at a large midwestern university listed traits describing a typical Chinese student, generating a total of 31 unique descriptors. Next, 146 American participants from the same university reported the percentage of Chinese students they believed to possess each of the 31 traits and the favorability of those traits. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five primary stereotypes of Chinese students. Some reflect previous literature concerning stereotypes of Asians generally (e.g., smart/hardworking), whereas others are less common (e.g., nice/friendly). Secondly, and as primary focus of the project, 364 American students were presented, in an experimental design, with descriptions of a Chinese student who possessed traits consistent with one of the five stereotypes revealed in the first studies. Unexpectedly, there were relatively few differences in anxiety felt about and accommodations viewed as necessary when interacting with the described Chinese student. Similarly, participants reported comparable levels of willingness to interact with and social attractiveness of the Chinese student, regardless of how she was described in the experimental conditions. Intercultural sensitivity and quantity of contact with Chinese culture were found to be significant predictors of many of the outcome variables. Upon further analyses, it appears as though decreases in uncertainty, brought about by familiar stereotypes (e.g., a Chinese student incompetent in English and not assimilated), or increases in uncertainty, brought about by less familiar stereotypes (e.g., a Chinese student who is oblivious, annoying, and loud), interact with the amount of anxiety felt about interacting with a described Chinese student to determine willingness to interact with as well as the social attractiveness of the student. The
A 480mW 2.6GS/s 10b 65nm CMOS time-interleaved ADC with 48.5dB SNDR up to Nyquist

Trends in cable TV reception for data and video require simultaneous capture of many channels, e.g., 16, arbitrary located in the 48-to-1002MHz TV band. The challenges of integrating more than two zero-IF tuners on a single die [1] could be simplified with a low-power 10b ADC that can digitize the entire TV band and be suitable for integration with baseband DSP. This work presents a 64× interleaved 2.6GS/s 10b 65nm CMOS ADC with on-chip calibrations, combining interleaving hierarchy with an open-loop buffer array operated in feedforward-sampling and feedback-SAR mode. The ADC achieves an SNDR of 48.5dB at Nyquist and consumes only 0.48W.
Variation-based Sparse Cortical Current Density imaging in estimating cortical sources with MEG data

We investigated the performance of a new sparse neuroimaging method, i.e., Variation-Based Sparse Cortical Current Density (VB-SCCD) using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data to reconstruct extended cortical sources and their spatial distributions on the cortical surface. We conducted Monte Carlo simulation studies to compare the performance of the VB-SCCD method with different number of cortical sources and different number of MEG sensors. Our simulation data suggests that the VB-SCCD method is able to reconstruct extended cortical sources with the overall accuracy, while it has significantly reduced performance when cortical sources are radially oriented to MEG sensors. It has higher accuracy when the number of sensors is large and the source configuration is simple. We further assess the performance of VB-SCCD in real MEG data from an epilepsy patient and reconstructed cortical sources behind interictal spikes from the patient which are consistent with the clinical evaluation outcomes. This data indicate its promising applications in clinical problems related to neurological disorders.
Control of Melanoma Morphogenesis, Endothelial Survival, and Perfusion by Extracellular Matrix

The morphogenetic properties of endothelial cells and melanoma cells were tested under varying matrix quantities and distributions and under constant and saturating levels of growth factors. Aggressive melanoma cells self-assembled into cords vasculogenically only when seeded on thin matrices: nonaggressive melanoma cells did not mimic endothelial cell behavior under any matrix thickness. When buried in matrix, however, aggressive melanoma cells generated looping patterns that contained tumor cells and matrix. These patterns were different topologically and compositionally from cord-like structures or blood vessels but were nevertheless capable of conducting dye by microinjection or passive diffusion. When seeded on three-dimensional cultures of nonaggressive nonpattern-forming melanoma cells, prelabeled endothelial cells attached to, penetrated through, and survived for 2 weeks but failed to form vasculogenic cords. In cocultures containing aggressive melanoma cells, endothelial cells survived briefly but formed short cords only in contact with looping patterns formed by the aggressive tumor cells. Time-lapse recording showed that endothelial cells were lysed upon direct contact with aggressive melanoma cells. Looping patterns identified in human tissue samples were composed ultrastructurally of electron-dense material on either side of a layer of tumor cells; scattered red blood cells were seen in this central cellular layer. By immunohistochemistry, patterns labeled with laminin and fibrinogen colocalized to these looping laminin-positive patterns, suggesting the presence of plasma within these patterns from contiguous leaky tumor vessels. These observations are consistent with the perfusion of these patterns in vitro and with repeated demonstrations of the colocalization of intravenous tracers to looping laminin patterns in animal xenograft models by independent groups. Thus, the distribution and localized quantity of extracellular matrix in aggressive melanomas contributes to the regulation of tumor cell morphogenesis, modulates interactions between tumor cells and endothelial cells, and may contribute to an extravascular matrix–directed circulation.
Ментальные ресурсы субъекта: природа, функции, динамика

The main problems associated with the development of theoretical ideas about the personal mental resources are discussed in this paper. We analyze the nature of the mental resources in close connection with “mental experience” concept. The concept of “mental resources” refers to similar concepts of “reserve” and “potential”. The authors describe the functions of mental resources based on the theoretical analysis and own empirical research data. Particular attention is paid to the dynamic process that ensures the functioning of the mental resources system: mobilization and depletion.
Signature files: an access method for documents and its analytical performance evaluation

The signature-file access method for text retrieval is studied. According to this method, documents are stored sequentially in the "text file. " Abstractions ("signatures") of the documents are stored in the "signature file. " The latter serves as a filter on retrieval: It helps in discarding a large number of nonqualifying documents. In this paper two methods for creating signatures are studied analytically, one based on word signatures and the other on superimposed coding. Closed-form formulas are derived for the false-drop probability of the two methods, factors tha t affect it are studied, and performance comparisons of the two methods based on these formulas are provided.
A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Docetaxel and Capecitabine for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

Purpose: This study evaluated the toxicity and efficacy of docetaxel/capecitabine as neoadjuvant treatment for stage 2/3 breast cancer. Experimental Design: Subjects with newly diagnosed invasive stage 2 and 3 breast cancer were eligible. The first cohort of patients was treated at dose A with neoadjuvant docetaxel (75 mg/m2 i.v. day 1) and capecitabine (1000 mg/m2 orally twice daily days 2–15) for four cycles. A second cohort of subjects was treated with a reduced dose, dose B, of docetaxel (60 mg/m2 i.v. day 1) and capecitabine (937.5 mg/m2 orally twice daily days 2–15). Results: Thirty patients were enrolled. Eight of 10 patients treated at dose A required dose reductions of either docetaxel or capecitabine secondary to grade 3 or 4 toxicities: mucositis (1), hand-foot syndrome (3), diarrhea (2), perirectal abscess (1), and neutropenia (2). Because of a high rate of dose reductions, the next 20 patients were treated at dose B. The mean cumulative administered dose of docetaxel was 285 and 231 mg/m2 at dose A and dose B, respectively. For capecitabine, the mean cumulative dose at dose A and B were similar at 1585 and 1627 mg/m2/day, respectively. The overall clinical response rate was 90% with 31% of patients having a complete response and 59% having a partial response. A pathological complete response in the breast was achieved in 10% of patients after four cycles of docetaxel/capecitabine. Conclusions: Docetaxel/capecitabine is a highly active regimen in the neoadjuvant setting. Neoadjuvant therapy with 75 mg/m2 docetaxel and 1600 mg/m2/day days 2–15 is recommended.
Specific Na+ and K+ cation effects on the interfacial water molecules at the air/aqueous salt solution interfaces probed with nonresonant second harmonic generation.

Here we report on the polarization dependent nonresonant second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement of the interfacial water molecules at the aqueous solution of the following salts: NaF, NaCl, NaBr, KF, KCl, and KBr. Through quantitative polarization analysis of the SHG data, the orientational parameter D (D = /) value and the relative surface density of the interfacial water molecules at these aqueous solution surfaces were determined. From these results, we found that addition of each of the six salts caused an increase in the thickness of the interfacial water layer at the surfaces to a certain extent. Noticeably, both the cations and the anions contributed to the changes, and the abilities to increase the thickness of the interfacial water layer were in the following order: KBr > NaBr > KCl > NaCl approximately NaF > KF. Since these changes cannot be factorized into individual anion and cation contributions, there are possible ion pairing or association effects, especially for the NaF case. We also found that the orientational parameter D values of the interfacial water molecules changed to opposite directions for the aqueous solutions of the three sodium salts versus the aqueous solutions of the three potassium salts. These findings clearly indicated unexpected specific Na(+) and K(+) cation effects at the aqueous solution surface. These effects were not anticipated from the recent molecular dynamics simulation results, which concluded that the Na(+) and K(+) cations can be treated as small nonpolarizable hard ions and they are repelled from the aqueous interfaces. These results suggest that the electrolyte aqueous solution surfaces are more complex than the currently prevalent theoretical and experimental understandings.
Danish stable schools for experiential common learning in groups of organic dairy farmers.

The farmer field school (FFS) is a concept for farmers' learning, knowledge exchange, and empowerment that has been developed and used in developing countries. In Denmark, a research project focusing on explicit non-antibiotic strategies involves farmers who have actively expressed an interest in phasing out antibiotics from their herds through promotion of animal health. One way of reaching this goal was to form participatory focused farmer groups in an FFS approach, which was adapted to Danish conditions and named "stable schools. " Four stable schools were established and went through a 1-yr cycle with 2 visits at each of the 5 or 6 farms connected to each group. A facilitator was connected to each group whose role was to write the meeting agenda together with the host farmer, direct the meeting, and write the minutes to send to the group members after the meeting. Through group focus interviews and individual semistructured qualitative interviews of all participants, the approach of the farmers' goal-directed work toward a common goal was judged to be very valuable and fruitful and based on a common learning process. Complex farming situations were the focus of all groups and in this context, problems were identified and solutions proposed based on each farmer's individual goals. In this article, we describe the experiences of 4 stable school groups (each comprising farmers and a facilitator), and the common process of building a concept that is suitable for Danish organic dairy farming.
Osteoporotic alterations in a group of different ethnicity Brazilian postmenopausal women: An observational study

OBJECTIVES To compare peripheral bone mineral density alterations among Brazilian postmenopausal women from three ethnic groups considering age and body mass index influence; to correlate their bone mineral density with the mandibular cortical index (MCI); and to evaluate the influence of age, body mass index and ethnicity in the MCI using risk factor analysis. BACKGROUND Osteoporosis risk is known to have ethical influences. However, little is known about the differences in ethnicity in radiomorphometric indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 150 postmenopausal women with different ethnicities (Caucasian, Asian and Afro-descendant) who underwent peripheral dual X-ray absorptiometry and panoramic examination were included. Bone mineral density and MCI were assessed. Adjusted odds ratio analyses were performed on bone density and MCI considering the effect of age, ethnicity and body mass index. The correlations between the MCI and the dual X-ray absorptiometry results were made. RESULTS Old age, low body mass index and non-Afro-descendant were associated with low bone density. Compared with Afro-descendants, Asians and Caucasians have higher chances of having decreased bone mass. For the MCI, statistical analysis showed that age is the only variable associated with osteoporotic alterations in the mandible. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was found between the MCI and the T-scores. CONCLUSION Bone density is higher in Brazilian Afro-descendant women than in Caucasians and Asians. Patient's age is associated with bone density and the MCI. The mandibular cortical index is inversely correlated with the peripheral densitometry results within the study ethnic population.
Handbook of individual differences in cognition : attention, memory, and executive control

General Models of Individual Differences in Cognition. - Individual Differences in Cognition: in Search of a General Model of Behaviour Control. - Individual Differences in Cognition: New Methods for Examining the Personality-Cognition Link. - The Relationship Between Intelligence and Pavlovian Temperament Traits: The Role of Gender and Level of Intelligence. - General Models of Individual Differences in Cognition: The Commentaries. - Individual Differences in Cognition from a Neurophysiological Perspective. - Neuroscientific Approaches to the Study of Individual Differences in Cognition and Personality. - Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches to Individual Differences in Working Memory and Executive Control: Conceptual and Methodological Issues. - Emotional Intelligence and Gender: A Neurophysiological Perspective. - Learned Irrelevance Revisited: Pathology-Based Individual Differences, Normal Variation and Neural Correlates. - Post-Soviet Psychology and Individual Differences in Cognition: A Psychophysiological Perspective. - Individual Differences in Cognition from a Neurophysiological Perspective: The Commentaries. - Individual Differences in Attentional Mechanisms. - Psychopathology and Individual Differences in Latent Inhibition: Schizophrenia and Schizotypality. - Attentional Control Theory of Anxiety: Recent Developments. - Task Engagement, Attention, and Executive Control. - Individual Differences in Resource Allocation Policy. - The Relationship of Attention and Intelligence. - Intelligence and Cognitive Control. - Individual Differences in Attention: The Commentaries. - Individual Differences in Working Memory Functioning and Higher-Order Processing. - Trait and State Differences in Working Memory Capacity. - Adrift in the Stream of Thought: The Effects of Mind Wandering on Executive Control and Working Memory Capacity. - The Unique Cognitive Limitation in Subclinical Depression: The Impairment of Mental Model Construction. - Working Memory Capacity and Individual Differences in Higher-Level Cognition. - Motivation Towards Closure and Cognitive Resources: An Individual Differences Approach. - Mood as Information: The Regulatory Role of Personality. - Autobiographical Memory: Individual Differences and Developmental Course. - Individual Differences in Working Memory and Higher-Ordered Processing: The Commentaries. - Conclusion: The State of the Art in Research on Individual Differences in Executive Control and Cognition.
DCA: A DRAM-cache-Aware DRAM Controller

3D-stacking technology has enabled the option of embedding a large DRAM cache onto the processor. Since the DRAM cache can be orders of magnitude larger than a conventional SRAM cache, the size of its cache tags can also be large. Recent works have proposed storing these tags in the stacked DRAM array itself. However, this increases the complexity of a DRAM cache request, which now translates into multiple DRAM cache accesses (tag/data). In this work, we address how to schedule these DRAM cache accesses. We start by exploring whether or not a conventional DRAM controller will work well. We introduce two potential baseline designs and study their limitations. We then derive a set of design principles that a DRAM cache controller must ideally satisfy. Our DRAM-cache-aware (DCA) DRAM controller, that is based on these principles, consistently improves performance over various DRAM cache organizations.
Review 3 rd St . Gallen EORTC Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference : Consensus recommendations on controversial issues in the primary treatment of pancreatic cancer

Manfred P. Lutz *, John R. Zalcberg , Michel Ducreux , Daniela Aust , Marco J. Bruno , Markus W. Büchler , Jean-Robert Delpero , Beat Gloor , Rob Glynne-Jones , Werner Hartwig , Florence Huguet , Pierre Laurent-Puig , Florian Lordick , Patrick Maisonneuve , Julia Mayerle , Marc Martignoni , John Neoptolemos , Andrew D. Rhim , Bruno M. Schmied , Thomas Seufferlein , Jens Werner , Jean-Luc van Laethem , Florian Otto w
Tonal Accents in Norwegian: Phonology, morphology and lexical specification

Within Germanic, North Germanic is special because in many dialects words can differ only based on their melody or word accents. "Tonal accents in Norwegian" breaks from the traditional analyses of word accent in North Germanic in an attempt to provide a more simplex and unified analysis. It gives the facts of accent distribution in Standard East Norwegian, discusses how past analyses of Norwegian and Swedish have dealt with these facts and provides an alternative analysis. The focus is on East Norwegian, however the goal is to present an approach that can account for all tonal dialects.
The Availability and Consistency of Dengue Surveillance Data Provided Online by the World Health Organization

Background The use of high quality disease surveillance data has become increasingly important for public health action against new threats. In response, countries have developed a wide range of disease surveillance systems enabled by technological advancements. The heterogeneity and complexity of country data systems have caused a growing need for international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) to coordinate the standardization, integration, and dissemination of country disease data at the global level for research and policy. The availability and consistency of currently available disease surveillance data at the global level are unclear. We investigated this for dengue surveillance data provided online by the WHO. Methods and Findings We extracted all dengue surveillance data provided online by WHO Headquarters and Regional Offices (RO’s). We assessed the availability and consistency of these data by comparing indicators within and between sources. We also assessed the consistency of dengue data provided online by two example countries (Brazil and Indonesia). Data were available from WHO for 100 countries since 1955 representing a total of 23 million dengue cases and 82 thousand deaths ever reported to WHO. The availability of data on DengueNet and some RO’s declined dramatically after 2005. Consistency was lacking between sources (84% across all indicators representing a discrepancy of almost half a million cases). Within sources, data at high spatial resolution were often incomplete. Conclusions The decline of publicly available, integrated dengue surveillance data at the global level will limit opportunities for research, policy, and advocacy. A new financial and operational framework will be necessary for innovation and for the continued availability of integrated country disease data at the global level.
I Love You (But I Can't Look You in the Eyes): Explicit and Implicit Self-Esteem Predict Verbal and Nonverbal Response to Relationship Threat

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact ecommons@luc.edu. Program, which allowed me to pay couples for their participation in the study.
Visibility of the mandibular canal on CBCT cross-sectional images

The identification of the mandibular canal (MC) is an important prerequisite for surgical procedures involving the posterior mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) represents an advance in imaging technology, but distinguishing the MC from surrounding structures may remain a delicate task. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the visibility of the MC in different regions on CBCT cross-sectional images. Material and methods CBCT cross-sectional images of 58 patients (116 hemi-mandibles) were analyzed, and the visibility of the MC in different regions was assessed. Results The MC was clearly visible in 53% of the hemi-mandibles. Difficult and very difficult visualizations were registered in 25% and 22% of the hemi-mandibles, respectively. The visibility of the MC on distal regions was superior when compared to regions closer to the mental foramen. No differences were found between edentulous and tooth-bearing areas. Conclusions The MC presents an overall satisfactory visibility on CBCT cross-sectional images in most cases. However, the discrimination of the canal from its surrounds becomes less obvious towards the mental foramen region when cross-sectional images are individually analyzed.
Pollen nutrition and colony development in honey bees: part 1

Pollen is the honey bees' main source of several important nutrients. Consequently, an adequate pollen supply is essential to ensure the long-term survival of a colony and to maintain its productivity. Part 1 of this 2-part review focuses on the botanical composition of bee-collected pollen and its protein and mineral content. Further, we discuss the impact of pollen on honey bee physiology and assess the pollen requirements of individual workers and larvae.