Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Luminosity Function of the Milky Way Satellites

We quantify the detectability of stellar Milky Way satellites in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5. We show that the effective search volumes for the recently discovered SDSS satellites depend strongly on their luminosity, with their maximum distance, Dmax, substantially smaller than the Milky Way halo’s virial radius. Calculating the maximum accessible volume, Vmax, for all faint detected satellites allows the calculation of the luminosity function for Milky Way satellite galaxies, accounting quantitatively for their detectability. We find that the number density of satellite galaxies continues to rise toward low luminosities, but may flatten at MV ∼ − 5; within the uncertainties, the luminosity function can be described by a single power law , spanning luminosities from MV = − 2 all the way to the luminosity of the Large Magellanic Cloud. In comparing these results to several semianalytic galaxy formation models, we find that their predictions differ significantly from the data: either the shape of the luminosity function or the model's surface brightness distribution does not match.
Lethal and Nonlethal Violence Against Wives and the Evolutionary Psychology of Male Sexual Proprietariness

Violence against wives occurs in all societies, but the rates at which wives are beaten and killed are enormously variable over time and place. The rate of uxoricide (wife killing) in the United States, for example, is currently approximately five to ten times greater than in western Europe. In some societies, wife beating is normative and allegedly almost universal; in others, it is apparently rare and aberrant (Counts, 1990; Counts, Brown, & Campbell, 1992; Levinson, 1989). But despite this variability, the studies of anthropologists, criminologists, historians, psychologists, psychiatrists, and other family violence researchers suggest that the contexts and ostensible motives of violence against wives exhibit considerable cross-cultural consistency. One aim of this chapter is to identify a level of abstraction at which
(Re-)Experiencing Beginning

How lonely I feel arriving alone. Although I know several people and can now seeCindy from where I sit—I came alone and remain alone. However, I feel “able” todo this. I recognize this as a point of beginning—the arrival. I have directions butnot the concrete idea of arrival. At this time the emotions are at the surface. We
News or Noise? An Analysis of Brazilian Gdp Announcements

Revisions to GDP announcements in many countries are often large, and Faust, Rogers, and Wright (2003) have found that G-7 GDP revisions are predictable to varying degrees. In this paper, we extend FRW to study revisions to Brazilian GDP announcements. We document that revisions to Brazilian GDP are large relative to those of G-7 countries. Brazilian GDP revisions are also predictable, which is consistent with the view that GDP revisions correct errors in preliminary GDP rather than reflect news. However, GDP revisions are far from being entirely predictable. Although GDP revisions are largest only one year following the initial GDP release, those revisions are nearly unpredictable.
Allik human relations : Evidence from Estonia The relationships between collectivist attitudes and elementary forms of

This study examined the extent to which collectivist attitudes predict preference for the basic models of social relations. According to Fiske (1991), all social relations can be reduced to four basic forms – communal sharing (CS), authority ranking (AR), equality matching (EM), and market pricing (MP) – that guide people’s social initiatives and help them to understand and respond appropriately to the social actions of others. The preference for basic forms was studied using a set of questions about everyday hypothetical situations in which the four different models can be alternatively applied. We observed that EM is the dominant principle in distributing (received) benefits: everyone should get equal shares (regardless of their needs or position) and nobody should have an advantage over another. In those situations in which people were asked to contribute, the respondents were inclined to think in terms of cost and benefit, insisting that the contributions should be made according to MP. CS relationships were mostly limited to family-related situations. Although people scoring high on collectivism showed an inclination to use CS and avoid MP relationships more frequently in family situations, the association between the collectivist attitudes and elementary forms of sociality was fairly small. It is concluded that the relationships between the use of the relational models and the collectivist attitudes are modest. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Copyright © 2004 SAGE Publications (www.sagepublications.com), Vol. 21(6): 779–794. DOI: 10.1177/0265407504047837 The first and the third author were fellows at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (Uppsala, Sweden) during the preparation of this article. This research is based, in part, on a master’s thesis by Ly Kästik. The study was supported by Estonian Science Foundation Grants 4423 and 5287. We thank Karmen Linnamägi for her assistance with collecting the data. We are also grateful to Tuuli Stewart, Timothy Tickner, and Stanley O. Gaines (the JSPR Action Editor on this article) for their helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Anu Realo, Department of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tiigi 78, Tartu 50410, Estonia [e-mail: anu.realo@ut.ee]. 05 realo (ds) 19/11/04 1:05 pm Page 779 © 2004 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution. at PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV on April 10, 2008 http://spr.sagepub. com Downloaded from Acco peop in te huma insta Ther varie which On (1991 attem and mode to fo matc that actio mind repre ation psych In tiona vidua chara and c 2003, cultu to be mem two c Koid articl multi conce ance colle relati Acco at lea famil & Re was t 780 Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 21(6) 05 realo (ds) 19/11/04 1:05 pm Page 780
Stages in the development of the sense of reality.

On this issue of the Ukrainian Psychoanalytic Journal, we are publishing a translation into Ukrainian of Sándor Ferenczi’s programmatic article “Stages of the Development of Reality Sensation” (Entwicklungsstufen des Wirklichkeitssinnes). The article discusses the stages of modifying primary processes and thus transforming them into secondary processes, as they take place in the realm of the psyche. In other words, Ferenczi discusses the stages of modifying the pleasure principle and the establishment of the reality principle, or as he calls it, the development of actuality sensation. At the same time
The 2004-2006 Outburst and Environment of V1647 Ori

We studied the brightness and spectral evolution of the young eruptive star V1647 Ori during its recent outburst in the period 2004 February-2006 September. We performed a photometric follow-up in the bands V, RC, IC, J, H, and Ks, as well as visible and near-IR spectroscopy. The main results derived from combining our data with those published by other authors are as follows: the brightness of V1647 Ori stayed more than 4 mag above the preoutburst level until 2005 October, when it started a rapid fading. In the high state we found a periodic component in the optical light curves with a period of 56 days. The delay between variations of the star and variations in the brightness of clumps of nearby nebulosity corresponds to an angle of 61° ± 14° between the axis of the nebula and the line of sight. The overall appearance of the infrared and optical spectra did not change in the period 2004 March-2005 March, although a steady decrease of H I emission-line fluxes could be observed. In 2006 May, in the quiescent phase, the He I 1.083 μm line was observed in emission, contrary to its deep blueshifted absorption observed during the outburst. The J - H and H - Ks color maps of the infrared nebula reveal an envelope around the star whose largest extension is about 18″ (0.03 pc). The color distribution of the infrared nebula suggests reddening of the scattered light inside a thick circumstellar disk. Comparison of the Ks and Hα images of McNeil's Nebula, the conical nebulosity illuminated by V1647 Ori, shows that HH 22A, the Spitzer infrared source, and the bright clump C of the nebula may be unrelated objects. We show that the observed properties of V1647 Ori could be interpreted in the framework of the thermal instability models of Bell and coworkers. V1647 Ori might belong to a new class of young eruptive stars, defined by relatively short timescales, recurrent outbursts, a modest increase in bolometric luminosity and accretion rate, and an evolutionary state earlier than that of typical EXors.
The Relation between Oral Candida Load and Bacterial Microbiome Profiles in Dutch Older Adults

Currently there are no evidence-based ecological measures for prevention of overgrowth and subsequent infection by fungi in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to increase our knowledge on fungal–bacterial ecological interactions. Salivary Candida abundance of 82 Dutch adults aged 58–80 years was established relative to the bacterial load by quantitative PCR analysis of the Internal Transcribed (ITS) region (Candida) and 16S rDNA gene (bacteria). The salivary microbiome was assessed using barcoded pyrosequencing of the bacterial hypervariable regions V5–V7 of 16S rDNA. Sequencing data was preprocessed by denoising and chimera removal, clustered in Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and assigned to taxonomy. Both OTU-based (PCA, diversity statistics) and phylogeny-based analyses (UniFrac, PCoA) were performed. Saliva of Dutch older adults contained 0–4 × 108 CFU/mL Candida with a median Candida load of 0.06%. With increased Candida load the diversity of the salivary microbiome decreased significantly (p<0.001). Increase in the Candida load correlated positively with class Bacilli, and negatively with class Fusobacteria, Flavobacteria, and Bacteroidia. Microbiomes with high Candida load were less diverse and had a distinct microbial composition towards dominance by saccharolytic and acidogenic bacteria - streptococci. The control of the acidification of the oral environment may be a potential preventive measure for Candida outgrowth that should be evaluated in longitudinal clinical intervention trials.
TopKube: A Rank-Aware Data Cube for Real-Time Exploration of Spatiotemporal Data

From economics to sports to entertainment and social media, ranking objects according to some notion of importance is a fundamental tool we humans use all the time to better understand our world. With the ever-increasing amount of user-generated content found online, “what's trending” is now a commonplace phrase that tries to capture the zeitgeist of the world by ranking the most popular microblogging hashtags in a given region and time. However, before we can understand what these rankings tell us about the world, we need to be able to more easily create and explore them, given the significant scale of today's data. In this paper, we describe the computational challenges in building a real-time visual exploratory tool for finding top-ranked objects; build on the recent work involving in-memory and rank-aware data cubes to propose TopKube: a data structure that answers top-k queries up to one order of magnitude faster than the previous state of the art; demonstrate the usefulness of our methods using a set of real-world, publicly available datasets; and provide a new set of benchmarks for other researchers to validate their methods and compare to our own.
Saliency-Based Compressive Sampling for Image Signals

Compressive sampling is a novel framework in signal acquisition and reconstruction, which achieves sub-Nyquist sampling by exploiting the sparse nature of most signals of interest. In this letter, we propose a saliency-based compressive sampling scheme for image signals. The key idea is to exploit the saliency information of images, and allocate more sensing resources to salient regions but fewer to nonsalient regions. The scheme takes human visual attention into consideration because human vision would pay more attention to salient regions. Simulation results on natural images show that the proposed scheme improves the reconstructed image quality considerably compared to the case when saliency information is not used.
Large-scale modular quantum-computer architecture with atomic memory and photonic interconnects

The practical construction of scalable quantum-computer hardware capable of executing nontrivial quantum algorithms will require the juxtaposition of different types of quantum systems. We analyze a modular ion trap quantum-computer architecture with a hierarchy of interactions that can scale to very large numbers of qubits. Local entangling quantum gates between qubit memories within a single register are accomplished using natural interactions between the qubits, and entanglement between separate registers is completed via a probabilistic photonic interface between qubits in different registers, even over large distances. We show that this architecture can be made fault tolerant, and demonstrate its viability for fault-tolerant execution of modest size quantum circuits.
A Cultural Market Model

Social interactions and personal tastes shape our consumption behavior of cultural products. In this study, we present a computational model of a cultural market and we aim to analyze the behavior of the consumer population as an emergent phenomena. Our results suggest that the final market shares of cultural products dramatically depend on consumer heterogeneity and social interaction pressure. Furthermore, the relation between the resulting market shares and social interaction is robust with respect to a wide range of variation in the parameter values and the type of topology.
Efficient processor allocation in a reconfigurable CMP architecture for dark silicon era

The continuance of Moore's law and failure of Dennard scaling force future chip multiprocessors (CMPs) to have considerable dark regions. How to use up available dark resources is an important concern for computer architects. In harmony with these changes, we must revise processor allocation schemes that severely affect the performance of a parallel on-chip system. A suitable allocation algorithm should reduce runtime and increase the power efficiency with proper thermal distribution to avoid hotspots. With this motivation, this paper proposes a power-efficient and high performance general purpose infrastructure for which a Dark Silicon Aware Processor Allocation (DSAPA) scheme is proposed which targets future many-core systems. To obtain high performance, we suggest a tunable-clustered mesh with the capability of sharing NoC resources in each cluster. We also employ a buffer-level power gating technique is used to improve power efficiency. Evaluation results reveal that the maximum achieved performance and power consumption improvements are 38.7% and 29.4% for multi-threaded workloads over the equivalent conventional design.
Endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products in non-small cell lung carcinoma.

RATIONALE The receptor for advanced glycation end products is a multiligand receptor that plays an important role in regulating the invasiveness and metastatic potential of cancer cells. A recently discovered novel splice variant, the endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products, mediates the receptor for advanced glycation end-product-associated cell responses by functioning as a decoy receptor. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the expression pattern of endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products in non-small cell lung carcinoma, and analyze its impact on prognosis. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical evaluation in 182 non-small cell lung carcinoma surgical specimens. The effect of an overexpressed receptor in cancer cell proliferation was also evaluated. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end-product expression in cytoplasm was reduced or absent in 137 of the 182 (75%) carcinomas in contrast to normal lung tissues. mRNA expression was also suppressed in cancer cells. Overexpression of the secretory receptor in lung cancer cell lines had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, suggesting the reduced receptor expression accelerated tumor growth. Among patients with low expression of the cytoplasmic secretory receptor, the overall survival rate was significantly lower than that of patients with normal expression (p = 0.0003). This association was most prominent in TNM stage I patients (p = 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, endogenous secretory receptor immunoreactivity was an independent prognostic factor with a relative risk of 3.1. CONCLUSIONS The cytoplasmic endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end-product expression has the potential to be a prognostic factor for predicting the outcome of curative surgery in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Conditions and motives for voluntary sharing. Results of a solidarity game experiment

This paper studies experimentally the conditions and motives for voluntary solidarity, following a game theoretical approach. The ‘solidarity game’ that is used in this study consists of groups of four players and is based on the solidarity game of Selten and Ockenfels (1998). In each group, two winners, which are either randomly selected or on the basis of their performance on a quiz, distribute 20 credits each (reflecting real money). We tested four hypotheses regarding the effect of various conditions on voluntary sharing, related to the motives for solidary behaviour, viz. self-interest, fairness, neediness and meritocracy. For most of our hypotheses the experiments provided support, although there are a few exceptions. Players share more with others in the first round of the four shots game than in the one shot game, but their gifts decrease quickly as the game progresses, which confirms that they act largely out of self-interest. Players give more to a player from whom they have received money in the previous rounds (fairness, resulting in direct reciprocity). However, players do not give more to co-players who have been generous to others in the previous round, which would have been proof of indirect reciprocity. Players do not give more to a loser than to a winner in the current round, and, consequently, do not equalize the differences in revenue. However, they give more to players who have received relatively little in previous rounds, which suggests that neediness of the potential beneficiary is also a motive. Finally, winners give more in the random based conditions, when they do not really ‘deserve’ to be a winner, than in the performance based conditions, which offers support for the meritocracy hypothesis. The motives that the subjects expressed themselves for their sharing behaviour in answering some post-hoc questions, mirrors their actual behaviour pretty well. Additionally, we also analyse the effect of some personal characteristics, and the party preferences and media use of the players.
Strangles in Arabian horses in Egypt: Clinical, epidemiological, hematological, and biochemical aspects

Aim: Respiratory tract infections are considered the major problem of equine worldwide. Strangles is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory bacterial disease of equine caused by Streptococcus equi. This study is aimed to evaluate some clinical and epidemiological investigation associated with strangles and to study the hematological and biochemical changes in 20 Arabian horse naturally infected with S. equi during the disease and after 10 days from treatment by procaine penicillin with benzathine penicillin. Materials and Methods: A total of 490 Arabian horses have been examined, 120 (24.5%) have been clinically diagnosed as strangles. Under complete aseptic conditions, nasal swabs and pus samples from those were collected for bacterial culture. 20 horses from the positive infected with S. equi have been treated by 6 mg/kg b.wt procaine penicillin with 4.5 mg/kg b.wt benzathine penicillin deep intramuscular injection/twice dose/4 days interval. Results: 102 horses (20.8%) were found positive for S. equi. Horses with age group under 1 year were the most prone to strangles (32.25%) followed by horses of the age group from 1 to 2 years (20%) and finally of the age group over 2-4 years (11.89%). Hematological parameters revealed anemia in the infected horses, while leucogram revealed a significant increase in the total leucocytic, granulocytic and monocytic counts without a significant change in the lymphocytic count. Biochemical parameters revealed a significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase, total proteins, globulins, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and potassium. In other side, hypoalbuminemia and hyponatremia have been reported, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity and creatinine level showed non-significant changes. Respiratory acidosis has been exhibited in the infected horses. Treatment of horses by procaine penicillin with benzathine penicillin revealed improvement of these parameters toward the healthy horses. Conclusion: S. equi easily spreads from infected to susceptible horses through contaminated water and other fomites. Therefore, good biosecurity is very important if the welfare and economic costs of an outbreak are to be reduced. The presence of respiratory acidosis with increased of cTnI could indicate pneumonia secondary to strangles with risk of heart involvement.
Rational Reasoning or Adaptive Behavior? Evidence from Two-Person Beauty Contest Games

Many experiments have shown that human subjects do not necessarily behave in line with game theoretic assumptions and solution concepts. The reasons for this non-conformity are multiple. In this paper we study the argument whether a deviation from game theory is because subjects are rational, but doubt that others are rational as well, compared to the argument that subjects, in general, are boundedly rational themselves. To distinguish these two hypotheses, we study behavior in repeated 2-person and many-person Beauty- Contest-Games which are strategically different from one another. We analyze four different treatments and observe that convergence toward equilibrium is driven by learning through the information about the other player’s choice and adaptation rather than self-initiated rational reasoning.
A new intra prediction mode decision algorithm in H.264

Although the coding mode of non-RDO in H.264 greatly increases the execution speed of intra prediction, shorter execution time is required. A new intra prediction mode decision algorithm is proposed. First, the intra prediction mode of two chroma macroblocks of same location is only decided by one chroma block. Second, the idea of low resolution and SAD criterion are exploited to select the best 16 times 16 intra prediction mode of luma macroblock quickly, and the number of candidates for the intra prediction modes of 4 times 4 subblock of luma macroblock is reduced by the best 16 times 16 intra prediction mode and block location. Then the coding type and the prediction mode of the luma macroblock are decided by flexible cost comparison. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm greatly reduce computational load of the intra prediction mode decision with negligible loss of PSNR and little increase of bite-rate.