Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hemolysis indexes for biochemical tests and immunoassays on Roche analyzers: Determination of allowable interference limits according to different calculation methods

Abstract Objectives. To determine the hemolysis interference on biochemical tests and immunoassays performed on Roche Diagnostics analyzers, according to different maximum allowable limits. Design and methods. Heparinized plasma and serum pools, free of interferences, were overloaded by increasing amounts of a hemoglobin-titrated hemolysate. This interference was evaluated for 45 analytes using Modular® and Cobas® analyzers. For each parameter, the hemolysis index (HI) corresponding to the traditional ± 10% change of concentrations from baseline (± 10%Δ) was determined, as well as those corresponding to the analytical change limit (ACL), and to the reference change value (RCV). Then, the relative frequencies distribution (% RFD) of hemolyzed tests performed in a hospital laboratory over a 25-day period were established for each HI as allowable limit. Results. Considering the ± 10%Δ, the analyte concentrations enhanced by hemolysis were: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), folate, potassium, creatine kinase, phosphorus, iron, alanine aminotransferase, lipase, magnesium and triglycerides, decreasingly. The analyte concentrations decreased by hemolysis were: Haptoglobin, high-sensitive troponin T and alkaline phosphatase. Over the 25-day period, the % RFD of tests impacted more than 10%Δ by hemolysis were < 7% for LDH; < 5% for AST, folates and iron; and < 1% for the other analytes. Considering the ACL, HI were lower, giving % RFD substantially increased for many analytes, whereas only four analytes remain sensitive to hemolysis when considering RCV. Conclusion. This study proposes new HI based on different allowable limits, and can therefore serve as a starting point for future harmonization of hemolysis interference evaluation needed in routine laboratory practice.
Incorporating the disease triangle framework for testing the effect of soil‐borne pathogens on tree species diversity

The enemy‐induced Janzen–Connell (JC) effect, a classic model invoking conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) and distance dependence, is a primary biodiversity maintenance hypothesis. Yet, conflicting evidence for the JC effect leads to disagreement about its role in maintaining forest diversity. We focus this review on soil‐borne pathogens, which are the primary agent inducing the JC effect in many forest ecosystems. Although the test of the pathogen‐induced JC effect in ecology critically rests on the seedling mortality caused by soil pathogens, what has not been explicitly explored in the early literature but has increasingly received attention is the long‐recognized fact that the environment can alter virulence of pathogens and host susceptibility (thus pathogen–host interactions), as predicted by the classic disease triangle framework enlightened by pathology research in agricultural systems. Here, following the disease triangle framework we review evidence on how the pathogen‐induced JC effect may be contingent on context (e.g. environmental conditions, pathogen inoculum load and genetic divergence in host and pathogen populations). The reviewed evidence reveals and clarifies the conditions where pathogens may or may not cause disease to hosts, thus contributing to reconciling the inconsistent results about the pathogen‐induced JC effect in the literature. The context dependence of the disease triangle predicts that the pathogen‐induced JC effect would change under global change. Gaining insights from evidence that the pathogen‐induced JC effect is context‐dependent, we suggest that future tests on the JC hypothesis be conducted under the framework of disease triangle, and we stress the necessity by controlling the effect of context factors on plant–pathogen interactions when testing for the JC effect. We conclude the review by proposing three lines of future research for testing the importance of the JC effect in maintaining global forest tree species diversity, with a particular emphasis on testing the effect of global warming on the strength of pathogen–host interactions for better predicting changes of forest biodiversity under climate change. A plain language summary is available for this article.
X-ray emissions from two-temperature accretion flows within a dipole magnetic funnel

We investigate the hydrodynamics of accretion channelled by a dipolar magnetic field (funnel flows). We consider situations in which the electrons and ions in the flow cannot maintain thermal equilibrium [two-temperature (2T) effects] due to strong radiative loss, and determine the effects on the keV X-ray properties of the systems. We apply this model to investigate the accretion shocks of white dwarfs in magnetic cataclysmic variables (mCVs). We have found that the incorporation of 2T effects could harden the keV X-rays. Also, the dipolar model yields harder X-ray spectra than the standard planar model if white dwarf is sufficiently massive ( 1M � ). When fitting observed keV X-ray spectra of mCVs, the inclusion of 2T hydrodynamics and a dipolar accretion geometry lowers estimates for white dwarf masses when compared with masses inferred from models excluding these effects. We find mass reductions 9 per cent in the most massive cases.
Healthy and abnormal development of the prefrontal cortex

Background: While many children with brain conditions present with cognitive, behavioural, emotional, academic and social impairments, other children recover with seemingly few impairments. Animal studies and preliminary child studies have identified timing of brain lesion as a key predictor in determining functional outcome following early brain lesions. Review: This research suggests that knowledge of healthy developmental processes in brain structure and function is essential for better understanding functional recovery and outcome in children with brain lesions. This review paper aims to equip researchers with current knowledge of key principles of developmental processes in brain structure and function. Timetables for development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region particularly vulnerable to lesions due to its protracted developmental course, are examined. In addition, timetables for development of executive skills, which emerge in childhood and have a prolonged developmental course that parallels development of the PFC, are also discussed. Conclusions: Equipped with this knowledge, researchers are now in a better position to understand functional recovery and outcome in children with brain conditions.
Clinical Efficacy of Bioactive Glass in Combination with Platelet Rich Fibrin in Management of Gingival Recession Defects: A Prospective Comparative Study

Background: Various biomaterials have been employed along with Coronally advanced flap (CAF) in root coverage procedures. The combined efficacy of bioactive glass and Platelet rich fibrin in management of gingival recession needs to be evaluated. Aim: The aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of bioactive glass putty, platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and a combination of both in management of maxillary gingival recession defects. Materials and methods: 31 patients with 60 Millers class I/II recession defects were treated with one of the following interventions; GROUP I: CAF alone, GROUP II, III and IV: CAF+Bioactive glass, CAF+PRF,CAF+ Bioactive glass+PRF respectively Clinical parameters such as recession height (RH), recession width (RW), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), width of attached gingiva (WAG),keratinized tissue height (KTH) were evaluated at baseline for 6 months. Mean root coverage (RC%), changes in biotype, RES and VAS aesthetic scores evaluated at the end of 6 months intervals. Results: RH and RW showed statistically significant reduction from baseline to 6 months in all the groups (p ≤ 0.05). At the end of 6 months, the mean RC% was 61.0% ± 34.3%, 75.5% ± 25.9%, 67.2% ± 32.8% and 81.7% ± 28.6% in Group I, II, III and IV respectively. Intergroup analysis showed no statistically significant difference of parameters between groups at any time point. Conclusion: All the therapeutic interventions were effective in management of gingival recession defects. Though, group IV showed greater mRC% when compared to other groups, intergroup analysis failed to show any statistical significance.
Transient climate response estimated from radiative forcing and observed temperature change

[1] Observations and simulations (using the HadCM3 AOGCM) of time-dependent twentieth-century climate change indicate a linear relationship F = rDT between radiative forcing F and global mean surface air temperature change DT. The same is a good description of DT from CMIP3 AOGCMs integrated with CO2 increasing at 1% per year compounded. The constant ‘‘climate resistance’’ r is related to the transient climate response (TCR, DTat the time of doubled CO2 under the 1% CO2 scenario). Disregarding any trend caused by natural forcing (volcanic and solar), which is small compared with the trend in anthropogenic forcing, we estimate that the real-world TCR is 1.3–2.3 K (5–95% uncertainty range) from the data of 1970–2006, allowing for the effect of unforced variability on longer timescales. The climate response to episodic volcanic forcing cannot be described by the same relationship and merits further investigation; this constitutes a systematic uncertainty of the method. The method is quite insensitive to the anthropogenic aerosol forcing, which probably did not vary much during 1970–2006 and therefore did not affect the trend in DT. Our range is very similar to the range of recent AOGCM results for the TCR. Consequently projections for warming during the twenty-first century under the SRES A1B emissions scenario made using the simple empirical relationship F = rDT agree with the range of AOGCM results for that scenario. Our TCR range is also similar to those from observationally constrained model-based methods.
Percutaneous radio frequency ablation of renal masses: results at a 2-year mean followup.

PURPOSE We describe our experience with and results of percutaneous computerized tomography guided radio frequency ablation (RFA) for small (less than 4 cm) renal tumors at a 2-year mean followup. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 49 patients (60 renal tumors) with a mean age of 63.9 years underwent percutaneous RFA. Indications for RFA were severe comorbidities or previous abdominal surgery precluding operative management, or hereditary conditions predisposing to multiple tumor recurrence. Persistent enhancement on initial followup imaging was considered incomplete treatment and all such patients underwent biopsy and were offered repeat RFA. Enhancement or enlargement on subsequent imaging was considered tumor recurrence and these patients were counseled regarding further therapy. RESULTS Three patients (4 tumors) were excluded from evaluation due to death from unrelated causes or loss to followup. A total of 46 patients (56 tumors) were available for evaluation at a mean followup of 27.5 months (range 12 to 48). Six tumors were incompletely treated with the first RFA and successfully treated with a second session. Recurrences after successful initial treatment were seen in 3 of 46 patients. These recurrences developed 24, 25 and 31 months following RFA, respectively, and all occurred in patients with a central tumor of 3.0 cm or greater. Overall local control was achieved in 94.6% of tumors (53 of 56). CONCLUSIONS RFA is an emerging alternative treatment modality for small renal tumors. Larger (greater than 3.0 cm) central tumors represent unique technical challenges, making these tumors more prone to recurrence. Long-term followup is needed to establish the oncological durability of this technique.
Trainable Citation-enhanced Summarization of Scientific Articles

This work is (partly) supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the Maria de Maeztu Units of Excellence Programme (MDM-2015-0502), the TUNER project (TIN2015-65308-C5-5-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE) and the European Project Dr. Inventor (FP7-ICT-2013.8.1 - Grant no: 611383).
Relationship Between Skilled Nursing Facility Nurse Staffing Levels and Resident Rehospitalizations

Relationship Between Skilled Nursing Facility Nurse Staffing Levels and Resident Rehospitalizations by Crystal S. Bowens MSN/MHA, University of Phoenix, 2012 BSN, Piedmont College, 2009 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Healthcare Administration
Clustering in a precipitate-free GeMn magnetic semiconductor.

We present the first study relating structural parameters of precipitate-free Ge0.95Mn0. 05 films to magnetization data. Nanometer-sized clusters--areas with increased Mn content on substitutional lattice sites compared to the host matrix--are detected in transmission electron microscopy analysis. The films show no overall spontaneous magnetization at all down to 2 K. The TEM and magnetization results are interpreted in terms of an assembly of superparamagnetic moments developing in the dense distribution of clusters. Each cluster individually turns ferromagnetic below an ordering temperature which depends on its volume and Mn content.
Tuning the Size of Thermoresponsive Poly(N-Isopropyl Acrylamide) Grafted Silica Microgels

Core-shell microgels were synthesized via a free radical emulsion polymerization of thermoresponsive poly-(N-isopropyl acrylamide), pNipam, on the surface of silica nanoparticles. Pure pNipam microgels have a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of about 32 °C. The LCST varies slightly with the crosslinker density used to stabilize the gel network. Including a silica core enhances the mechanical robustness. Here we show that by varying the concentration gradient of the crosslinker, the thermoresponsive behaviour of the core-shell microgels can be tuned. Three different temperature scenarios have been detected. First, the usual behaviour with a decrease in microgel size with increasing temperature exhibiting an LCST; second, an increase in microgel size with increasing temperature that resembles an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), and; third, a decrease with a subsequent increase of size reminiscent of the presence of both an LCST, and a UCST. However, since the chemical structure has not been changed, the LCST should only change slightly. Therefore we demonstrate how to tune the particle size independently of the LCST.
Combination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and homocysteine predicts the short-term outcomes of Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke

Abstract Background: Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Early and accurate prediction of outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is important and influences risk-optimized therapeutic strategies. We investigated the changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and homocysteine (HCY) levels, two of the risk factors, during the acute period of AIS and evaluated the relationship between these levels and short-term prognosis. Methods: We prospectively studied 189 patients with AIS who were admitted within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Serum Hs-CRP, HCY levels, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by the modified Rankin scale (mRS), 90 days after admission. Results: The median serum Hs-CRP and HCY levels were significantly higher in AIS patients as compared to normal controls (P < 0·0001, respectively). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and HCY were independent prognostic markers of functional outcome and death (adjusted for age and the NIHSS) in patients with AIS. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the prognostic accuracy of the combined model (HCY and Hs-CRP) was higher compared to all measured biomarkers individually and the NIHSS score. Conclusion: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and HCY are independent predictors of short-term outcome and mortality after AIS. The combined model may provide additional general prognostic information.
SOI pixel detector based on CMOS time-compression charge-injection

Concept and experimental results obtained from a pixel detector based on CMOS time-compression charge- injection-devices (TC-CID) with a huge internal photocurrent amplification (-104), fabricated in CMOS silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology are presented. Here, the readout circuitry is fabricated on highly-doped, 200 nm thick SOI film, while the photogate (PG) detector is fabricated on higher-resistivity handle wafer. The latter, together with the 30 V biasing possibilities enhances the quantum efficiency, especially for irradiations with wavelengths in the near-infra-red (NIR) part of the spectra.
Biosynthesis of Anthocyanins and Their Regulation in Colored Grapes

Anthocyanins, synthesized via the flavonoid pathway, are a class of crucial phenolic compounds which are fundamentally responsible for the red color of grapes and wines. As the most important natural colorants in grapes and their products, anthocyanins are also widely studied for their numerous beneficial effects on human health. In recent years, the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins in grapes has been thoroughly investigated. Their intracellular transportation and accumulation have also been further clarified. Additionally, the genetic mechanism regulating their biosynthesis and the phytohormone influences on them are better understood. Furthermore, due to their importance in the quality of wine grapes, the effects of the environmental factors and viticulture practices on anthocyanin accumulation are being investigated increasingly. The present paper summarizes both the basic information and the most recent advances in the study of the anthocyanin biosynthesis in red grapes, emphasizing their gene structure, the transcriptional factors and the diverse exterior regulation factors.
Detection and Determination of Solute Carbon in Grain Interior to Correlate with the Overall Carbon Content and Grain Size in Ultra-Low-Carbon Steel

Abstract In this study, every effort was exerted to determine and accumulate data to correlate microstructural and compositional elements in ultra-low-carbon (ULC) steels to variation of carbon content (12–44 ppm), manganese (0.18–0.36%), and sulfur (0.0066–0.001%). Quantitative analysis of the ULC steel using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and three-dimensional atom probe revealed the decrease of grain size and dislocation density with the increase of carbon contents and/or increase of the final delivery temperature. For a given carbon content, the grain interior carbon concentration increases as the grain size increases.
Stability and Error Estimates of Local Discontinuous Galerkin Methods with Implicit-Explicit Time-Marching for Advection-Diffusion Problems

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the stability and error estimates of the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) methods coupled with carefully chosen implicit-explicit (IMEX) Runge--Kutta time discretization up to third order accuracy for solving one-dimensional linear advection-diffusion equations. In the time discretization the advection term is treated explicitly and the diffusion term implicitly. There are three highlights of this work. The first is that we establish an important relationship between the gradient and interface jump of the numerical solution with the independent numerical solution of the gradient in the LDG methods. The second is that, by aid of the aforementioned relationship and the energy method, we show that the IMEX LDG schemes are unconditionally stable for the linear problems in the sense that the time-step $\tau$ is only required to be upper-bounded by a constant which depends on the ratio of the diffusion and the square of the advection coefficients and is independent.
and Amber Ferris Under Stereotype Threat Goals Can Be Threatened to Extinction : Using the Stroop Task to Clarify Working Memory Depletion

Consensus is building that stereotype threat interferes with working memory, but how so? Grounded in the dual-process framework of Kane and Engle, the authors examined the extent to which stereotype threat interferes with one’s ability to maintain task goals in working memory and one’s ability to choose between conflicting responses. One hundred eighty-seven Montana State University (MSU) men were first given the Operation Span task (OSPAN) to assess working memory capacity, then engaged in the Stroop task under mostly incongruent or mostly congruent conditions. The Stroop task was presented as a measure of verbal processing skills (stereotype threat condition) or not (control condition). Stroop errors and reaction times were assessed. Results suggest that for people lower in working memory capacity, stereotype threat primarily interferes with internally maintaining task goals across trials. Implications for such stereotype threat-based distraction effects on performance in educational and workplace environments are discussed.
Active recombinant human tyrosine kinase c-Yes: expression in baculovirus system, purification, comparison to c-Src, and inhibition by a c-Src inhibitor.

C-Yes is a non-receptor-type tyrosine kinase of the Src family that is most closely related to c-Src. C-Yes has been implicated in development of some human cancers. Here we report on the expression, purification, and characterization of the active human recombinant c-Yes. A full-length human c-Yes clone has been generated and the protein was expressed in insect Sf9 cells. Active c-Yes was purified by liquid chromatography to yield a preparation with a high specific activity (160 nmol/min/mg using an optimal Src substrate peptide). In a comparison between human c-Yes and c-Src enzymes, relative phosphorylation efficiencies on nine protein and four peptide substrates were different. However, the recently described Src inhibitor CGP77675 inhibited human c-Yes with a potency similar to that of c-Src (IC(50) value of 6.5 nM). The purified preparation of active c-Yes provides a good basis for further enzymatic characterization and for the development of c-Yes-specific inhibitors.
Revision Surgery for Diabetic Foot Infections

Revision surgery (RS) is frequently needed to control diabetic foot infections. It is the aim of this retrospective observational study to analyze the variables associated with undergoing RS and the variables associated with undergoing a major amputation when RS was required. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with diabetes treated in our department during 10 years (January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2010) who had foot infections identifying those who required RS. In all, 167 out of 417 patients (40%) with diabetes who underwent surgery for foot infections underwent RS for persistent infection. The predictive variables related to undergoing revision surgery were erythrocyte sedimentation rate >70 mm/h (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-2.6), leukocytosis (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5), peripheral arterial disease (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.4), and isolation of gram-negative rods from tissue biopsy (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.5-3.4). Seventy-nine out of 167 patients (47.3) who underwent RS required a higher level of surgery achieving a limb salvage rate of 70.7%. Predictive variables related to undergoing a major amputation after RS were persistent infection located in the bone (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.03-0.22), ischemic heart disease (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.4-8.5), 2 or more reoperations (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.2-7.1), isolation of gram-negative rods from tissue biopsy (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.3-8.4), and peripheral arterial disease (OR = 6.5, 95% CI = 1.9-22.8). Despite the fact that 40% of patients underwent reoperations for diabetic foot infections and 47.3% of them required a higher level of surgery, a high rate of limb salvage could be achieved.