Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relation of insecure attachment states of mind and romantic attachment styles to adolescent aggression in romantic relationships

The relation of attachment states of mind and self reported attachment relationship styles to romantic partner aggression was examined in a community sample of 93 adolescents. Higher levels of insecure-preoccupied and insecure-dismissing states of mind, as assessed by the Adolescent Attachment Interview at age 14, were predictive, respectively, of perpetration and victimization of psychological aggression in romantic relationships four years later. Partners' romantic attachment anxiety was linked to both psychological and physical aggression perpetration in romantic relationships. Results are interpreted as suggesting the value of assessing aggression in adolescent romantic relationships in the context of broader patterns of regulation of affect and behavior via the attachment system.
Learning strategy patterns and instructional preferences of career and technical education students

Assessing the Learning Strategies of Adults (ATLAS) is an assessment instrument which was developed to accompany the learning strategies model for the study and classification of learning preferences in adult education. This article reports on a study that applied the ATLAS test to identify and describe the learning strategies and the associated instructional preferences of students in career and technical education (CTE) programs and compared these results with those found in earlier ATLAS studies of non-traditional learner populations. The questions addressed by the study were: What are the learning strategies of the CTE students as measured by the ATLAS test? According to the CTE students, how accurately does the ATLAS test identify their preferred learning strategies? Do the ATLAS learning strategy distributions of CTE students match those established for the general population and/or those identified in other non-traditional learner populations? Are certain instructional methods preferred by all the CTE students across all ATLAS learning strategy groups, and, if so, do these preferred methods match those preferred by other non-traditional learners? Are there differences in instructional method preferences between specific ATLAS learning strategy groups of CTE students, and if so, do they match the differences identified between the learning strategy groups of other non-traditional learners? Are the instructional method preferences of the ATLAS learning strategy groups of CTE students consistent with the expectations of the ATLAS theory base? Findings indicate that CTE instructors can expect to find learners with all three ATLAS learning strategies in their classes and students have some general instructional likes and dislikes that cut across all ATLAS learning strategy types, and conditions and teaching techniques that may enhance the learning environment for CTE students include providing students with hands-on learning activities, clear explanations, multiple learning resources, active learning, and personal learning environments.
Toxic Alkaloid Concentrations in Delphinium Nuttallianum, Delphinium Andersonii, and Delphinium Geyeri in the Intermountain Region

Abstract Low larkspurs (Delphinium nuttalliunum Pritz., Delphinium andersonii Gray) and plains larkspur (Delphinium geyeri Greene) often poison cattle grazing on western North American rangelands. The dominant toxic alkaloid in larkspur is methyllycaconitine (MLA); other very toxic alkaloids in low and plains larkspurs are nudicauline and geyerline. Toxic alkaloid concentrations in larkspur near or above 3 mg · g−1 present significant risk to grazing cattle. D. nuttallianum from Utah and Colorado, D. andersonii from northern Arizona, and plains larkspur (D. geyeri) from Wyoming were collected for analysis. Concentrations of MLA in D. nuttallianum ranged from 0.8 to 4.5 mg · g−1 in Utah and Colorado; total toxic alkaloid concentrations were often above 3 mg · g−1. D. nuttallianum differed (P = 0.09) in MLA concentration between locations but not phenological stages (P = 0.41). Concentrations of nudicauline ranged from 0.7 to 4 mg · g−1 in D. nuttallianum and were different (P = 0.01) between locations and phenological stages (P = 0.004). D. andersonii was consistently toxic because the total toxic alkaloid concentration fluctuated from 3 to 6 mg · g−1 over the growing season. The concentration of geyerline in D. andersonii was equal to or greater than MLA at each phenological stage, thus adding to the toxicity. The concentration of toxic alkaloids in D. geyeri was typically highest (2–4 mg · g−1) in immature plants, although toxic alkaloid concentrations in plants during the pod stage of growth sometimes increased. Only trace amounts of nudicauline were found in D. geyeri, as most of the alkaloid fraction was other N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL) alkaloids. Total alkaloid concentration (MSAL and non-MSAL alkaloids) in D. geyeri sometimes exceeded 15 mg · g−1. Concentrations of toxic alkaloids in D. nuttalliunum, D. andersonii, and D. geyeri often did not significantly decline during the growing season as typically found in tall larkspurs. Thus, risk to grazing cattle may remain high until these plants are dormant.
Electron‐microscopic examination of effects of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, on degeneration of cerebral cells in thiamine‐deficient rats

We previously demonstrated that yokukansan ameliorated not only learning disturbance but also behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia‐like behaviors (anxiety, aggressiveness) and neurological symptoms (opisthotonus) induced in rats by dietary thiamine deficiency (TD). In the present study, the effects of yokukansan on degeneration of cerebral cells were further examined electron‐microscopically during pre‐symptomatic and symptomatic stages in TD rats. In the pre‐symptomatic TD stage, which appeared as increase in aggressive behaviors on the 21st and 28th days of TD diet‐feeding, severe edematous degeneration of astrocytes was detected by electron microscopy, although the changes were not observed by light microscopy. In the symptomatic TD stage (the 34th day) characterized by development of neurological symptoms, severe sponge‐like degeneration and multiple hemorrhages in the parenchyma were obvious by light microscopy. The electron‐microscopic examination showed degeneration in neurons, oligodendroglias, and myelin sheaths in addition to astrocytes. TD rats, which exhibited multiple hemorrhages light microscopically, showed severe edematous changes and hypertrophy of the foot processes of astrocytes surrounding blood vessels. Administration of yokukansan ameliorated not only the TD‐induced aggressive behavior and neurological symptoms but also degeneration of the cerebral cells. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of yokukansan on degeneration in various brain cells might be closely related to the amelioration of aggression and neurological symptoms in TD rats.
The Origin of Terra Rossa in Istria (Croatia)

Red soil known as terra rossa is the most extensive soil type in Istria. It is recognised as polygenetic paleosol but also constitutes pedo-sedimentary colluvial complexes. The intent of the present study is to determine the origin and composition of terra rossa in Istria by mineralogical, geochemical, and micromorphological methods. The coexistence of hematite and goethite, and typical average values of Fe_d (dithionite soluble iron) in terra rossa from Istria support specific pedoenvironment of terra rossa formation (Boero and Schwertmann, 1989). Kaolinite which does not form intercalation compounds with DMSO (highly disordered kaolinite), hematite and goethite represent authigenic mineral phases in terra rossa. The differences in SREE observed in terra rossa can primarily be attributed to the different REE content in parent rocks and less to fractionation during the weathering processes. External material contributions have strongly diminished the influence of insoluble residue of limestones and dolomites as the primary parent material of terra rossa in Istria. This polygenetic material is mainly composed of strongly weathered and reworked loess of the Lower and, more probably, Middle Pleistocene age. It also contains (1) reworked relicts of old terra rossa-type soils which might have formed from limestones, dolomites and flysch, and (2) remains of eroded bauxites of Jurassic and Paleogene age. Due to processes of erosion and redeposition they are more or less incorporated in terra rossa. The external material observed in the upper part of some terra rossa profiles represents Upper Pleistocene loess
Remembrance of places passed: Spatial memory in rats.

Rats were tested on an eight-arm maze in a paradigm of sampling with replacement from a known set of items until the entire set was sampled. The first three experiments demonstrated that the animals performed efficiently, choosing an average of more than seven different arms within the first eight choices, and did not utilize intramaze cues or consistent chains of responses in solving the task. The second three experiments examined some characteristics of the rats' memory storage. There was a small but reliable recency effect with the likelihood of a repetition error increasing with the number of choices since the initial instance. This performance decrement was due to interference from choices rather than just to the passage of time. No evidence was found for a primary effect. The data also suggest that there was no tendency to generalize among spatially adjacent arms. The results are discussed in terms of the memory processes involved in this task and human serial learning. When distinctive exteroceptive discriminative stimuli are consistently associated with a particular spatial location, rats preferentially use these stimuli for discrimination learning, a phenomenon that is usually referred to as "place learning. " If place learning can be used to solve a discrimination problem, rats learn very rapidly. If place learning cannot be used to solve a discrimination problem, rats learn slowly and almost invariably adopt a "position habit" or "spatial hypothesis" before finding the correct solution. (Relevant literature reviews may be found in Gleitman, 1955; Kimble, 1961, p. 223; Olton & Samuelson,
Contractual Anonymity

We propose and develop techniques for achieving contractual anonymity. In contractual anonymity, a user and service provider enter into an anonymity contract. The user is guaranteed anonymity and unlinkability from the contractual anonymity system unless they break the contract. Service providers are guaranteed that they can identify users who break the contract. Neither party can change the contract without the other’s permission. In particular and unlike other schemes, the service provider is not able to take any action toward a particular user (such as revealing her identity or blacklisting her future authentications) unless she violates her contract.
Sentinel node mapping in anal canal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The pathological condition of inguinal lymph nodes is an independent prognostic factor in predicting tumor recurrence and overall survival in anal canal cancer. Sentinel node mapping is a non-invasive method for the detection of inguinal lymph node involvement in anal cancer. In the current study, we conducted a comprehensive search of literature in this regard and then interpreted the final results in a systematic review and meta-analysis format. METHODS Medline, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched with the following search terms: (anal OR anus) AND sentinel. Outcomes of interest were inguinal detection rate and inguinal recurrence in patients receiving inguinal sparing radiotherapy due to pathologically negative inguinal sentinel nodes (false negative cases). RESULTS Overall 16 studies (323 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled inguinal detection rate was 86.2%: 73.4-93.4%: for studies using both blue dye and radiotracer it was 90.1% [78.7-95.8] and for studies using radiotracer alone it was 72.4% [46.3-88.9]. Pooled sensitivity was 90% [79-97%]. CONCLUSIONS Sentinel node biopsy is a promising method for inguinal lymph node staging in anal cancer. Combined blue dye and radiotracer technique can maximize the inguinal detection rate. Location of the tumor is highly associated with the detection of inguinal sentinel nodes. Despite fairly high pooled sensitivity, no definite conclusion can be made regarding false negative rate of this technique due to low sample size and sub-optimal quality of the included studies. Large multicenter studies with long and consistent follow up are needed to definitely validate this technique in the future.
A Web-Based Nomogram Predicting Para-aortic Nodal Metastasis in Incompletely Staged Patients With Endometrial Cancer: A Korean Multicenter Study

Objective The purpose of this study is to develop a Web-based nomogram for predicting the individualized risk of para-aortic nodal metastasis in incompletely staged patients with endometrial cancer. Methods From 8 institutions, the medical records of 397 patients who underwent pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy as a surgical staging procedure were retrospectively reviewed. A multivariate logistic regression model was created and internally validated by rigorous bootstrap resampling methods. Finally, the model was transformed into a user-friendly Web-based nomogram (http://www.kgog.org/nomogram/empa001.html). Results The rate of para-aortic nodal metastasis was 14.4% (57/397 patients). Using a stepwise variable selection, 4 variables including deep myometrial invasion, non–endometrioid subtype, lymphovascular space invasion, and log-transformed CA-125 levels were finally adopted. After 1000 repetitions of bootstrapping, all of these 4 variables retained a significant association with para-aortic nodal metastasis in the multivariate analysis—deep myometrial invasion (P = 0.001), non–endometrioid histologic subtype (P = 0.034), lymphovascular space invasion (P = 0.003), and log-transformed serum CA-125 levels (P = 0.004). The model showed good discrimination (C statistics = 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–0.92) and accurate calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow P = 0.74). Conclusions This nomogram showed good performance in predicting para-aortic metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer. The tool may be useful in determining the extent of lymphadenectomy after incomplete surgery.
CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

Irradiated rabbits given allogeneic bone marrow cells from normal adult donors responded to an injection of sheep red blood cells by forming circulating antibodies. Their spleen cells were also capable of forming many plaques using the hemolysis in gel technique, and were also capable of undergoing blastogenesis and mitosis and of incorporating tritiated thymidine upon exposure to the specific antigen in vitro. However, irradiated rabbits injected with allogeneic bone marrow obtained from rabbits injected with sheep red blood cells 24 hr prior to sacrifice (primed donors) were incapable of mounting an immune response after stimulation with sheep red cells. This loss of reactivity by the bone marrow from primed donors is specific for the antigen injected, since the immune response of the irradiated recipients to a non-cross-reacting antigen, the horse red blood cell, is unimpaired. Treatment of the bone marrow donors with high-titered specific antiserum to sheep red cells for 24 hr prior to sacrifice did not result in any diminished ability of their bone marrow cells to transfer antibody-forming capacity to sheep red blood cells. The significance of these results, with respect to the origin of the antigen-reactive and antibody-forming cells in the rabbit, is discussed.
Temporal-Based Fuzzy Utility Mining

In recent years, fuzzy utility mining has become an area of interest due to advancement of human reasoning. With regards to real applications, transactions in a database often involve things, such as transaction time, stamp, and much more. It is also noted that not all products in a store are displayed on the shelf, especially the seasonal ones. This paper, therefore, addresses these issues by presenting an effective framework called temporal-based fuzzy utility mining to give more attention to the transaction period of given items according to the concept of fuzzy utility mining. The temporal-based fuzzy utility mining proposed here is, however, a more complex approach when compared with the traditional fuzzy utility mining. A more complicated model for non-lost upper-bound fuzzy utility is thus proposed for effective mining. Furthermore, based on this model, a two-phase algorithm is developed for temporal-based fuzzy utility mining. Finally, the difference of fuzzy utility item sets with and without consideration of the lifetime of the items is shown by the experimental results under various experimental conditions.
Assessment of the Fluorescence and Auger DataBase Used in Plasma Modeling

We have investigated the accuracy of the 1s vacancy fluorescence database of Kaastra & Mewe resulting from the initial atomic physics calculations and the subsequent scaling along isoelectronic sequences. In particular, we have focused on the relatively simple Be- and F-like 1s vacancy sequences. We find that the earlier atomic physics calculations for the oscillator strengths and autoionization rates of singly charged B II and Ne II are in sufficient agreement with our present calculations. However, the substantial charge dependence of these quantities along each isoelectronic sequence, the incorrect configuration averaging used for B II, and the neglect of spin-orbit effects (which become important at high Z) all cast doubt on the reliability of the Kaastra & Mewe data for application to plasma modeling.
Normal Speed and Accuracy of Saccade and Vergence Eye Movements in Dyslexic Reader Children

Objective. Latency of eye movements depends on cortical structures while speed of execution and accuracy depends mostly on subcortical brainstem structures. Prior studies reported in dyslexic reader children abnormalities of latencies of saccades (isolated and combined with vergence); such abnormalities were attributed to deficits of fixation control and of visual attention. In this study we examine speed and accuracy characteristics of horizontal eye movements in natural space (saccades, vergence and combined movements) in dyslexic reader children. Methods. Two paradigms are tested: gap paradigm (fixation offset 200 ms prior to target onset), producing shorter latencies, in both non-dyslexic reader and dyslexic reader children and simultaneous paradigm. Seventeen dyslexic reader children (mean age: 12 ± 0.08 years) and thirteen non-dyslexic reader children (mean age: 12 ± 1 years) were tested. Horizontal eye movements from both eyes were recorded simultaneously by a photoelectric device (Oculometer, Dr. Bouis). Results. For all movements tested (saccades, vergence, isolated or combined) and for both paradigms, the mean velocity and accuracy were similar in dyslexic readers and non-dyslexic readers; no significant difference was found. Conclusion. This negative but important result, suggests no dysfunction of brainstem ocular motor circuits in dyslexic readers. It contrasts results on latencies related to visual attention dysfunction at cortical level.
Automatic Meaning Discovery Using Google

We present a new theory of relative semantics between objects, based on information distance and Kolmogorov complexity. This theory is then applied to construct a method to automatically extract the meaning of words and phrases from the world-wide-web using Google page counts. The approach is novel in its unrestricted problem domain, simplicity of implementation, and manifestly ontological underpinnings. The world-wide-web is the largest database on earth, and the latent semantic context information entered by millions of independent users averages out to provide automatic meaning of useful quality. We give examples to distinguish between colors and numbers, cluster names of paintings by 17th century Dutch masters and names of books by English novelists, the ability to understand emergencies, and primes, and we demonstrate the ability to do a simple automatic English-Spanish translation. Finally, we use the WordNet database as an objective baseline against which to judge the performance of our method. We conduct a massive randomized trial in binary classification using support vector machines to learn categories based on our Google distance, resulting in an a mean agreement of 87% with the expert crafted WordNet categories.
Regulation of fibrinolytic activity of neutrophil leukocyte elastase, plasmin, and miniplasmin by plasma protease inhibitors.

The effect of solid-phase fibrin on the inactivation of plasmin, miniplasmin, and neutrophil leukocyte elastase (PMN-elastase) by plasma protease inhibitors (alpha 2-antiplasmin, alpha 1-protease inhibitor, alpha 2-macroglobulin) was studied. In Hanks' balanced salt solution, fibrin reduces the second-order rate constant for the inhibition of PMN-elastase by alpha 1-protease inhibitor from 8,760 x 10(4) to 4 x 10(4) M-1.s-1 and by alpha 2-macroglobulin from 121 x 10(4) to 1.8 x 10(4) M-1.s-1. The rate constant for miniplasmin inactivation by alpha 2-antiplasmin decreases from 99 x 10(4) to 1 x 10(4) M-1.s-1, by alpha 2-macroglobulin from 78 x 10(4) to 1.8 x 10(4) M-1.s-1, and by alpha 1-protease inhibitor from 0.11 x 10(4) M-1.s-1 to 0. Plasmin bound to fibrin is completely protected against alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 1-protease inhibitor, whereas the rate constant for the inactivation by its primary plasma inhibitor alpha 2-antiplasmin is reduced from 430 x 10(4) to 1.08 x 10(4) M-1.s-1. The competition of substrate and inhibitor for the enzyme was also studied, using fibrin preincubated with inhibitor. Under our pseudo-first-order experimental conditions, fibrin completely eliminates those interactions, the second-order rate constant of which is 1.1 x 10(5) M-1.s-1 or less in a system without fibrin surface.