Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controller team possibilities for sectorless air traffic management

Sectorless air traffic management is an en-route concept, which eliminates the need for control sectors. Instead of assigning a geographic area (sector), air traffic controllers are assigned certain aircraft. Controllers are responsible for their assigned aircraft all the way from entry to exit. In previous simulations, one controller was responsible for six aircraft at the same time. As these aircraft can be located anywhere in the sectorless airspace, controllers were provided with one traffic display for each assigned aircraft. This discussion paper suggests other possibilities for providing traffic information to sectorless air traffic controllers. Instead of having one traffic display for each aircraft under control (tiled display), controllers could work with a general map, a zoom display to magnify certain traffic situations, or a combination of such displays. We revisit the concept of controller teams and explore alternatives. In addition to working alone or in pairs of executive and controller, the sectorless air traffic management concept opens possibilities for innovative teamwork. For example, there could be a team of one coordinator and several executives, or even a control-room team. This paper gives examples of new display and team ideas and discusses their respective advantages and disadvantages. We argue that the way traffic information is displayed to controllers affects their mental models and working methods. In addition, we provide results on the tiled display from previous simulations and introduce ideas for future research.
Unscented FastSLAM: A Robust and Efficient Solution to the SLAM Problem

The Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) and FastSLAM have two important limitations, which are the derivation of the Jacobian matrices and the linear approximations of nonlinear functions. These can make the filter inconsistent. Another challenge is to reduce the number of particles while maintaining the estimation accuracy. This paper provides a robust new algorithm based on the scaled unscented transformation called unscented FastSLAM (UFastSLAM). It overcomes the important drawbacks of the previous frameworks by directly using nonlinear relations. This approach improves the filter consistency and state estimation accuracy, and requires smaller number of particles than the FastSLAM approach. Simulation results in large-scale environments and experimental results with a benchmark dataset are presented, demonstrating the superiority of the UFastSLAM algorithm.
Investigations of models and methods for transmission network planning

Based on diverse power flow distribution patterns resulting from the use of FACTS devices and/or different modes of system operation, this paper argues that the transportation model is better suited for the transmission network planning. This viewpoint runs contrary to the conventional practice where the d.c. power flow constraints are widely used. This paper shows that using the transportation model in the transmission planning study can result in less complex formulas, more practical approaches, and, quite possibly, a better result of network planning. In addition, an improved security cuts method is implemented to produce a more secure network expansion. A two-phase planning procedure is also introduced to attain a trade-off between the computational burden and the solution accuracy. IEEE 6-bus system has been tested by the proposed methods. The results are compared with other existing techniques.
Genetic differentiation of Baetis alpinus Pictet (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) in fragmented alpine streams

The interpretation of low FST values as evidence of high levels of gene flow among habitat fragments may be confounded by population genetic structures that are indicative of historical rather than present-day levels of gene flow. We examined the genetic structure of 23 populations of Baetis alpinus (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) living in alpine streams fragmented by lakes (≈10 000 years old), reservoirs (≈100 years old), and in nonfragmented streams, to examine if lakes act as barriers to gene flow and to investigate the temporal resolution of allozyme markers. Estimates of gene flow indicated little or no genetic divergence along four nonfragmented reference streams and across two lakes and two reservoirs (FST=0.004–0.041), but marked differentiation across four lakes (FST=0.092–0.362) and across one reservoir that was a lake enlarged by a dam (FST=0.075). Differentiation was unrelated to distance between fragments, but occurred only in lakes found in valleys that have been ice-free throughout the Holocene. We suggest that standing water bodies act as barriers to gene flow in B. alpinus and that low FST values observed between fragments separated by reservoirs do not indicate high levels of gene flow but rather show that genetic differentiation was not detectable within the first 100–1000 years of habitat fragmentation.
Belief revision for AgentSpeak agents

The AgentSpeak agent-oriented programming language has recently been extended with a number of new features, such as speech-act based communication, internal belief additions, and support for ontological reasoning, which imply a need for belief revision within an AgentSpeak agent. In this paper, we show how a polynomial-time belief-revision algorithm can be incorporated into the Jason AgentSpeak interpreter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to include belief revision within an interpreter for a practical agent programming language.
Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women through a lifestyle change intervention.

BACKGROUND The impact of a 6-month lifestyle change intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in obese, sedentary, postmenopausal women was examined. A secondary aim of this investigation was to determine whether the addition of self-control skills training to an empirically supported lifestyle change intervention would result in greater cardiovascular risk reduction. METHODS Forty-four women were randomly assigned to receive either a lifestyle change or a lifestyle change with self-control skills intervention. Pretreatment and posttreatment weight loss, body composition, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, diet, blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, and psychosocial functioning were assessed. Also, at 1-year posttreatment, weight loss, body composition, self-reported physical activity, and psychosocial functioning were assessed. RESULTS The women significantly increased their physical activity (+39.6%) and cardiorespiratory fitness (+13.5%) and reduced their body weight (-6.5%), fat mass (-7.4%), body fat (-2.4%), BP (SBP -6.2%, DBP -9.2%), total cholesterol (-7.4%), triglycerides (-16.5%), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (9.1%) and improved their diet (p < 0.05). At the 1-year follow-up, women had regained approximately 63% of their posttreatment weight loss (p < 0.05), but had maintained their previous increases in physical activity. Additionally, there were no significant changes in fat free mass, body fat, anxiety, or depression between the end of treatment and 1-year posttreatment. The addition of self-control skills training did not significantly improve cardiovascular risk reduction. CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle change interventions may be an effective means for reducing cardiovascular risk in obese, sedentary, postmenopausal women. However, greater attention should be devoted to the maintenance of these positive lifestyle changes.
Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in dengue-infected patients.

Sensitive immunoenzymatic assays were used to study the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1 beta in sera from dengue-infected patients obtained during the 1989-1990 outbreak of dengue-3 in Tahiti, French Polynesia. The patients, both children (n = 47) and adults (n = 18), were clinically classified as having dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and graded according to the severity of illness (grade I = fever, grade II = fever with spontaneous hemorrhagic manifestations, grade III = circulatory failure, grade IV = deep shock). The serum samples were obtained from day 1 to day 10 after the onset of the disease. High levels of TNF-alpha were observed in dengue-infected children of all severity grades. The highest values of TNF-alpha were found before day 6 after the onset of the infection, these values decreased from day 6 to day 10. The highest values were observed in sera from grade III and IV patients. High values of IL-6 were observed in serum samples of grade I and II patients on day 1, which decreased on day 4, and by day 5 were similar to those obtained from 25 control children. In grade III and IV patients, the highest values of IL-6 were observed from day 3 to day 5 after the onset of infection; after day 5, these values were very low. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Learning a dual-language vector space for domain-specific cross-lingual question retrieval

The lingual barrier limits the ability of millions of non-English speaking developers to make effective use of the tremendous knowledge in Stack Overflow, which is archived in English. For cross-lingual question retrieval, one may use translation-based methods that first translate the non-English queries into English and then perform monolingual question retrieval in English. However, translation-based methods suffer from semantic deviation due to inappropriate translation, especially for domain-specific terms, and lexical gap between queries and questions that share few words in common. To overcome the above issues, we propose a novel cross-lingual question retrieval based on word embed-dings and convolutional neural network (CNN) which are the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to capture word- and sentence-level semantics. The CNN model is trained with large amounts of examples from Stack Overflow duplicate questions and their corresponding translation by machine, which guides the CNN to learn to capture informative word and sentence features to recognize and quantify semantic similarity in the presence of semantic deviations and lexical gaps. A uniqueness of our approach is that the trained CNN can map documents in two languages (e.g., Chinese queries and English questions) in a dual-language vector space, and thus reduce the cross-lingual question retrieval problem to a simple k-nearest neighbors search problem in the dual-language vector space, where no query or question translation is required. Our evaluation shows that our approach significantly outperforms the translation-based method, and can be extended to dual-language documents retrieval from different sources.
A Role of DNA-PKcs and Artemis in Opening Viral DNA Hairpin Termini in 1 Various Tissues in Mice 2 3

22 A subset of cellular DNA hairpins at double strand breaks is processed by 23 DNA-PKcs and Artemis-associated endonuclease. DNA hairpin termini of 24 adeno-associated virus (AAV) are processed by DNA repair machinery; however, how and 25 what cellular factors are involved in the process remains elusive. Here we show that 26 DNA-PKcs and Artemis open AAV inverted terminal repeat (ITR) hairpin loops in a 27 tissue-dependent manner. We investigated recombinant AAV (rAAV) genome metabolism 28 in various tissues of DNA-PKcs-or Artemis-proficient or deficient mice. In the absence of 29 either factor, ITR hairpin opening was impaired resulting in accumulation of 30 double-stranded linear rAAV genomes capped with covalently closed hairpins at termini. 31 The 5' end of 3-base hairpin loops of ITR was the primary target for DNA-PKcs and 32 Artemis-mediated cleavage. In the muscle, heart and kidney, DNA-PKcs and 33 Artemis-dependent hairpin opening constituted a significant pathway, while in the liver, 34 undefined alternative pathways effectively processed hairpins. In addition, our study 35 revealed a Holliday junction resolvase-like activity in the liver that cleaved T-shaped ITR 36 hairpin shoulders by making nicks at diametrically opposed sites. Thus, our approach 37 furthers our understanding of not only the rAAV biology but also fundamental DNA repair 38 systems in various tissues of living animals. 39 40 41 42 43 44
Conflict Games with PayoffUncertainty 1

Stag hunt and chicken games are canonical representations of two kinds of strategic interactions. In stag hunt, aggression feeds on itself, and mutual fear escalates into conflict. Chicken is a model of preemption and deterrence. With complete information, these games have multiple Nash equilbria. We find suffi cient conditions under which payoff uncertainty generates a unique equilibrium. These conditions encompass information structures ranging from independent types (as in our previous work) to highly correlated types (as in global games). We use simple, standard arguments from the industrial organization literature to prove uniquness.
Changing association between schooling levels and HIV‐1 infection over 11 years in a rural population cohort in south‐west Uganda

Background Previous studies have found that in Africa, a greater risk of HIV infection is often found in groups with higher educational attainment. However, some serial cross‐sectional studies have found greater reductions in HIV prevalence among more educated groups, especially in cohorts of young adults. More recent studies have found some instances where higher schooling levels are associated with lower HIV prevalence.
Concepts and Tools ( OCL 2008 ) at MoDELS 2008 Executing Underspecified OCL Operation Contracts with a SAT Solver

Executing formal operation contracts is an important technique for requirements validation and rapid prototyping. Current approaches require additional guidance from the user or exhibit poor performance for underspecified contracts that describe the operation results non-constructively. We present an efficient and fully automatic approach to executing OCL operation contracts which uses a satisfiability (SAT) solver. The operation contract is translated to an arithmetic formula with bounded quantifiers and later to a satisfiability problem. Based on the system state in which the operation is called and the arguments to the operation, an offthe-shelf SAT solver computes a new state that satisfies the postconditions of the operation. An effort is made to keep the changes to the system state as small as possible. We present a tool for generating Java method bodies for operations specified with OCL. The efficiency of our method is confirmed by a comparison with existing approaches.
Rosiglitazone Affects Nitric Oxide Synthases and Improves Renal Outcome in a Rat Model of Severe Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Background. Nitric oxide (NO)-signal transduction plays an important role in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. NO produced by endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS) has protective functions whereas NO from inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) induces impairment. Rosiglitazone (RGZ), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonist exerted beneficial effects after renal I/R injury, so we investigated whether this might be causally linked with NOS imbalance. Methods. RGZ (5 mg/kg) was administered i.p. to SD-rats (f) subjected to bilateral renal ischemia (60 min). Following 24 h of reperfusion, inulin- and PAH-clearance as well as PAH-net secretion were determined. Morphological alterations were graded by histopathological scoring. Plasma NOx-production was measured. eNOS and iNOS expression was analyzed by qPCR. Cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) was determined as an apoptosis indicator and ED1 as a marker of macrophage infiltration in renal tissue. Results. RGZ improves renal function after renal I/R injury (PAH-/inulin-clearance, PAH-net secretion) and reduces histomorphological injury. Additionally, RGZ reduces NOx plasma levels, ED-1 positive cell infiltration and CC3 expression. iNOS-mRNA is reduced whereas eNOS-mRNA is increased by RGZ. Conclusion. RGZ has protective properties after severe renal I/R injury. Alterations of the NO pathway regarding eNOS and iNOS could be an explanation of the underlying mechanism of RGZ protection in renal I/R injury.
Effect of glucose on isocitrate lyase in Phycomyces blakesleeanus

Repression of the synthesis of isocitrate lyase by glucose and/or induction of the synthesis of isocitrate lyase by acetate in Phycomyces blakesleeanus were demonstrated. Both glycerol and ethanol failed to induce isocitrate lyase activity. Furthermore, glucose appeared to cause an in vivo catabolite inactivation of the derepressed enzyme. Isocitrate lyase was inactivated both reversibly and irreversibly by glucose.
ISOTHERMAL FLOW CALORIMETRIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE D/Pd SYSTEM By:

The central postulate guiding the experimental program was that anomalous effects previously unobserved or presently unexplained in the deuterium-palladium system occur at a very high atomic ratio D/Pd. Emphasis was placed on studying phenomena that provide a fundamental understanding of the mechanism by which D gains access to the Pd lattice, and how very high loadings (near, at, or perhaps, beyond unity) can be achieved and maintained.
Evidence for quantitative and qualitative differences in functional activation of MIs‐reactive T cell clones and hybridomas by antigen or TcR/CD3 antibodies

In this study, we demonstrated that some Vp6+, CD4+, Mls‐la‐specific T cell clones had cytolytic activity when stimulated with anti‐T cell receptor(TcR)/CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), but not with targets expressing Mls‐1a, although they produced lymphokines (interleukin 2 and interferon‐y) in response to both types of stimuli. To examine the possibility that lack of cytolysis resulted from expression of the Mls‐la antigen on merely a fraction of splenic B blasts, we (a) used the B cell lymphoma LBB.3. 4.16 and (b) measured esterase secretion which is generally concurrent with cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. The B cell lymphoma maximally stimulated the T cell clone for interferon‐y production when responding and stimulating cells were incubated at a 1:1 ratio, but it was never killed by the Mls‐1a‐specific T cell clone unless TcR/CD3‐specific mAb were added. Furthermore, a fivefold excess of the Mls‐1a B cell lymphoma did not induce any secretion of esterase, which was observed only in the presence of the TcR/CD3‐specific mAb. Comparison of the reactivity of two Mls‐1a‐specific T cell hybridomas expressing the same TcR at similar surface density, revealed both quantitative and qualitative differences between CD3‐specific mAb and Mls stimulation of the hybridomas. A small quantitative difference in the sensitivity of hybridoma FJ22.5 to stimulation with Vβ6 or CD3‐specific mAb resulted in a marked decrease in efficiency of stimulation by Mls‐1a for interleukin 2 production and to inability to detect growth inhibition by Mls‐expressing cells. A qualitative difference was observed when analyses of inositol phosphate production were performed under optimal conditions of stimulation of the highly responsive T cell hybridoma (FJ8.1): only stimulation with CD3‐specific mAb, but not Mls‐expressing cells, could induce detectable inositol phosphate production. Lack of cytolysis of Mls‐1a class II‐expressing B cells may have evolutionary significance in view of the recent mapping of Mls to mouse mammary tumor virus genes.
The Dynamics of the Colombian Civil Conflict: A New Data Set

We present a detailed, high-frequency data set on the civil conflict in Colombia during the period 1988-2002. We briefly introduce the Colombian case and the methodological issues that hinder data collection in civil wars, before presenting the pat- tern over time of conflict actions and intensity for all sides involved in the confrontation. We also describe the pattern of victimisation by group and the victimisation of civilians out of clashes.
Morphologic patterns of male infertility in Saudi patients.

OBJECTIVE To determine the predominant histopathological patterns seen in the testicular biopsies taken during the investigation of male infertility and to compare the obtained histopathological findings with those seen in other similar studies. METHODS This is a retrospective study performed on 230 testicular biopsies which were examined in the Department of Pathology at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh over a period of 10 years. The histopathological findings were grouped into 8 different morphologic categories. We have utilized a classification that is principally morphologic but that uses known or suspected clinical associations in the case of karyotypic abnormalities and excurrent duct obstruction. RESULTS Of the total of 230 testicular biopsies studied, 72 cases showed normal spermatogenesis, of which 50 cases were suspected to be associated with excurrent duct obstruction. Germinal cell aplasia with and without focal spermatogenesis was found in about 90 cases. Thirty cases showed hypospermatogenesis, 25 cases showed maturation arrest and 12 cases showed end stage tubular sclerosis with interstitial fibrosis. Only one case was noted to show features associated with karyotypic abnormalities. CONCLUSION A higher percentage of germinal cell aplasia was noted in this study when compared with other similar investigations including one previous local study. Possible causes of these discrepancies may be related to several factors including environmental effects. The design of the different studies and the criteria used for patient selection or both could also explain the cause of these observed differences.
Development of a person-centred lifestyle intervention for older adults following a stroke or transient ischaemic attack

Abstract Background: Older adults with mild to moderate stroke or transient ischaemic attack often experience anxiety, depression and reduced social participation in their daily lives. Interventions addressing the long-term consequences of stroke are needed. Objective: To describe the process of developing a person-centred lifestyle intervention for older adults with stroke. Methods: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was used to develop the content of the intervention. Lifestyle groups were implemented at senior centres once a week for nine months. Content analysis was used to analyse the intervention content. Results: A total of 132 participants (median age 79 years, 55% women, 52% lived alone) were recruited from hospitals. The participants prioritized 392 occupational problems, mainly related to active recreation, household and community management, mobility, and socialization. The occupational issues were addressed in the group interventions. New themes also emerged in line with the participants' choices through group discussions, such as information on stroke and prevention of new strokes, outdoor mobility and transportation, “brain use” and memory. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the development of intervention following stroke, addressing its process, structure, and components. Whether the person-centred process increases the potential for enhancing participants' social participation and well-being should be evaluated in future studies.
Solving variational inequalities with Stochastic Mirror-Prox algorithm

In this paper we consider iterative methods for stochastic variational inequalities (s.v.i.) with monotone operators. Our basic assumption is that the operator possesses both smooth and nonsmooth components. Further, only noisy observations of the problem data are available. We develop a novel Stochastic Mirror-Prox (SMP) algorithm for solving s.v. i. and show that with the convenient stepsize strategy it attains the optimal rates of convergence with respect to the problem parameters. We apply the SMP algorithm to Stochastic composite minimization and describe particular applications to Stochastic Semidefinite Feasability problem and Eigenvalue minimization.