Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organisierte Ungleichheit in der Leiharbeit

Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag stellen wir die Frage ins Zentrum, wie Kollektivakteure arbeitsbezogene Ungleichheiten in einer sozialen Umwelt mit institutionalisierten Arbeitsbeziehungen sozial konstruieren. Empirisch untersuchen wir qualitativ-explorativ, wie sich die Kategorisierung von Leiharbeit durch Praktiken der Signifikation, Legitimation und Domination auf der Meso-Ebene der Regulation von Arbeit vollzieht. Ein Befund ist, dass die Signifikation der Leiharbeit als benachteiligte Form der Arbeitskraftnutzung weithin geteilt wird, die arbeitspolitischen Akteure jedoch erheblich in der Bewertung daruber abweichen, ob diese Benachteiligung gerechtfertigt ist. Aus dieser Diskrepanz resultieren unterschiedliche Strategien der Akteure: Wahrend die Arbeitgeberseite eine symbolische Aufwertung der Leiharbeit als legitime Beschaftigungskategorie anstrebt, versuchen die Arbeitnehmervertreter eine Gleichbehandlung der Leiharbeiter in materieller Hinsicht zu erreichen. Im Ergebnis befordert dieser Konflikt um die Deutungshoheit paradoxerweise die Rekategorisierung der Leiharbeit als eine Beschaftigungsform mit hoherer Legitimitat, und zwar trotz fortbestehender Ungleichbehandlung der Leiharbeiter. ----- Organised inequality in temporary work? Abstract In this article we examine how collective actors construct work-related inequalities in a social environment characterised by institutionalised labour-management-relations. Empirically, we select a qualitative-explorative approach for illuminating how the categorisation of temporary work is shaped through the practices of signification, legitimation and domination in regulating work at the meso-level. We find that collective actors share the signification of temporary work as a disadvantaged form of employment, whereas they diverge in their evaluation of the legitimacy of this disadvantage. Actors derive conflicting strategies from these divergent evaluations: the employer side aims at a symbolic upgrading of temporary agency work as a legitimate category of employment, whereas labour representatives try to establish equal treatment of agency workers on material grounds. The paradoxical result of this evaluation contest is that temporary agency work is re-categorised as a type of employment with higher legitimacy, despite continued unequal treatment of agency workers. Keywords: wage differentials, labour-related inequality, labour-management-relations, temporary work (JEL: J31, J42, J50, L84)
PENGARUH EFIKASI DIRI, MINAT KERJA, DAN BIMBINGAN KARIR TERHADAP KESIAPAN KERJA SISWA smk PROGRAM KEHLIAN AKUNTANSI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh efikasi diri, minat kerja, dan bimbingan karir kesiapan kerja siswa baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI Program Keahlian Akuntansi. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode angket/kuesioner, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Variabel dependen pada penelitian ini yaitu kesiapan kerja. Variabel independennya yaitu efikasi diri, minat kerja, dan bimbingan karir. Hasil uji hipotesis simultan menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh efikasi diri, minat kerja, dan bimbingan karir terhadap kesiapan kerja. Hasil uji hipotesis secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh efikasi diri terhadap kesiapan kerja, ada pengaruh minat kerja terhadap kesiapan kerja dan ada pengaruh bimbingan karir terhadap kesiapan kerja. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu efikasi diri, minat kerja, dan bimbingan karir berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan kerja secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Saran yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa hendaknya meningkatkan kesiapan kerja mereka, peningkatan terhadap efikasi diri siswa; peningkatan terhadap pemahaman mengenai minat siswa; dan guru hendaknya meningkatkan pelayanan bimbingan karir. This study aimed to examine the influence of self efficacy, work interest, and career guidance toward work readiness either simultaneously or partially. population and sample in this research were students of class XI Accounting. Data collection method in this research using questionnaires / questionnaire, documentation and interviews. The dependent variable in this research is work readiness. Independent variables namely self efficacy, work interest, and career guidance. Conclusions from this research that the self efficacy, work interest, and career guidance affect the work readiness either simultaneously or partially The suggestions are, based this research, students should improve their work readiness; improve students’s self efficacy, improve students to understand about work interest: and teachers should improve career guidance.
Maturation of Long-Term Potentiation Induction Rules in Rodent Hippocampus: Role of GABAergic Inhibition

The induction rules of synaptic plasticity are important for the functional operation of a neural network. We asked whether such synaptic plasticity rules change during development from juvenile to adult animals. Using perforated patch and whole-cell recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells in hippocampal slices, we demonstrate here that the postsynaptic requirements for induction of associative long-term potentiation (LTP) shift gradually. Presynaptic stimulation paired with single postsynaptic action potentials became progressively less effective at inducing LTP with advancing developmental age until, in adult hippocampus, postsynaptic bursts of action potentials were necessary to induce synaptic potentiation. This developmental change might be accounted for by changes in GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition known to occur in the hippocampus during this postnatal period, because blocking GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition re-established the effectiveness of single postsynaptic action potentials at inducing LTP in adult hippocampus. These data reveal a gradual shift in the induction rules for LTP, explained by a maturational change in GABAergic inhibition, and could have implications for our understanding of the role of inhibition in information processing in the brain.
Mapping root zone soil moisture using remotely sensed optical imagery

Field-based soil moisture measurements are cumbersome. Remote sensing techniques based on active or passive microwave data have limitations. This paper presents and validates a new method based on land surface energy balances using remotely sensed optical data ~including thermal infrared! , which allows field and landscape-scale mapping of soil moisture depth-averaged through the root zone of existing vegetation. Root zone depth can be variable when crops are emerging. The pixel-wise ''evaporative fraction'' ~ratio of latent heat flux to net available energy ! is related to volumetric soil moisture through a standard regression curve that is independent of soil and vegetation type. Validation with measured root zone soil moisture in cropped soils in Mexico and Pakistan has a root mean square error of 0.05 cm 3 cm 23 ; the error is less than 0.07 cm 3 cm 23 in 90% of cases. Consequently, soil moisture data should be presented in class intervals of 0.05 cm 3 cm 23 . The utility of this method is demonstrated at the field scale using multitemporal thematic mapper imagery for irrigated areas near Cortazar in Mexico, and for river basin-scale water resources distribution in Pakistan. The potential limitation is the presence of clouds and the time lag between consecutive images with field-scale resolution. With the falling price of optical satellite imagery, this technique should gain wider acceptance with river basin planners, watershed managers, and irrigation and drainage engineers.
Good manners and high heels: newspaper coverage of South Carolina’s first female governor

ABSTRACT This study analyses newspaper articles from South Carolina’s largest newspaper – The State – in order to determine its portrayal of the state’s first female governor, Nikki Haley. Analysis of 138 articles, which were drawn from the first 100 days of the two terms that Haley has served as governor, reflected themes from the cult of true womanhood. Haley was first celebrated as the harbinger of moral change in the political landscape of South Carolina only to be positioned in a contentious space between manhood and femininity by her second term. Her husband’s new role as first gentleman of South Carolina was portrayed on a smaller scale but in a similar vein, one that demonstrated a publication’s attempts to negotiate changing gender roles.
Evaluating SentiStrength for Arabic Sentiment Analysis

Social networking websites are used today as platforms enabling their users to write down almost anything about everything. Social media users express their opinions and feelings about lots of events occurring in their daily lives. Lots of studies are conducted to study the sentiments presented by social media users regarding different topics. Sentiment Analysis (SA) is a new field that is concerned with measuring the sentiment presented in a given text. Due to their wide set of applications, several SA tools are available. Most of them are designed for English text. As for other languages such as Arabic, the case is different since only few tools are available. In fact, many of these tools were originally designed for English and were later adapted to deal with Arabic. SentiStrength is an example of tools that are successful for English and were later adapted to Arabic. However, the adaptation has been done in a crude manner and no deep studies are available to measure the effectiveness of such tools for Arabic text. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive evaluation of SentiStrength using 11 Arabic datasets consisting of tens of thousands of reviews/comments from different domains and in different dialects. We perform the evaluation in terms of positive and negative sentiments. The evaluation results show that overall SentiStrength achieves 62% accuracy, 83.7% precision, 64% recall (positive correct), 68% F1 measure and 55% negative correct.
A Case of Pyriform Sinus Fistula Infection with Double Tracts

Pyriform sinus fistula is a rare clinical entity and the precise origin remains controversial. The fistula is discovered among patients with acute suppurative thyroiditis or deep neck infection of the left side of the neck and is usually located in the left pyriform sinus. To the best of our knowledge, only a single tract has been reported to be responsible for pyriform sinus fistula infection. We present a case of a 13-year-old female patient with a pyriform sinus fistula that caused a deep infection of the left side of the neck and showed double-tract involvement discovered during surgical resection of the entire fistula. Both tracts arose around the pyriform sinus and terminated at the upper portion of the left lobe of the thyroid.
Authenticating the learning environment

ABSTRACT The research documented in this paper argues that the authentic learning environment is achievable through “academic practitioners” who can ground business education and research within practice. A culture fostering the academic understanding of the practitioner environment enables practical engagement with academic rigour. The case study illustrates specific examples from degree programmes engaging with student and academic voices, with a particular focus on the development of authentic learning experiences for tourism and hospitality students. Key aspects of business education need embedding within the development of tourism and hospitality curricula in order to engage with the tacit knowledge required by the sector through a holistic approach to curriculum development.
Detection of spin polarization in quantum point contacts

We use spatial spin separation by a magnetic focusing technique to probe the polarization of quantum point contacts. The point contacts are fabricated from p-type GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. A finite polarization is measured in the low density regime, when the conductance of a point contact is tuned to <2e2/h. Polarization is stronger in samples with a well defined ‘0.7 structure’.
Cholesterol-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis Aggravated by Systemic Inflammation

Although triglyceride accumulation in the liver causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypercholesterolemia is also a main cause of NAFLD as well as atherosclerosis. However, NAFLD and atherosclerosis have not been investigated simultaneously in animal models fed a high-cholesterol diet. Moreover, it is unclear whether systemic inflammation can exacerbate both pathologies in the same model. Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of additional systemic inflammation on NAFLD and atherosclerosis induced by cholesterol overload in wild animals. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups: groups I (control) and II received normal chow, and groups III and IV received a 1% cholesterol diet. To induce inflammation via toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling, groups II and IV received subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mL of 1% carrageenan every 3 weeks. After 3 months, total cholesterol markedly increased in groups III and IV, and the serum expressions of systemic inflammatory markers were elevated in the groups II–IV. Early NAFLD lesions (e.g., mild fatty changes in the liver with sporadic fibrosis) and atherosclerosis (e.g., intimal hyperplasia composed of foam cells) were observed in both the liver and aorta specimens from group III, and advanced lesions were observed in group IV. The expressions of inflammatory cellular receptors, TLR-2 and TLR-4, in the aorta gradually increased from group I to IV but were similar in the liver in groups II–IV. Cholesteryl ester (CE) levels were higher in group IV than in group III, although the difference was not significant. CE levels in the aorta were similar between groups III and IV. Systemic inflammation can simultaneously exacerbate existing early lesions due to cholesterol overload in both the liver and aorta of rabbits. However, the cellular response of inflammatory receptors and expression of cholesterol metabolites differ between these organs.
Prioritization of Code Anomalies Based on Architecture Sensitiveness

Code anomalies are symptoms of software maintainability problems, particularly harmful when contributing to architectural degradation. Despite the existence of many automated techniques for code anomaly detection, identifying the code anomalies that are more likely to cause architecture problems remains a challenging task. Even when there is tool support for detecting code anomalies, developers often invest a considerable amount of time refactoring those that are not related to architectural problems. In this paper we present and evaluate four different heuristics for helping developers to prioritize code anomalies, based on their potential contribution to the software architecture degradation. Those heuristics exploit different characteristics of a software project, such as change-density and error-density, for automatically ranking code elements that should be refactored more promptly according to their potential architectural relevance. Our evaluation revealed that software maintainers could benefit from the recommended rankings for identifying which code anomalies are harming architecture the most, helping them to invest their refactoring efforts into solving architecturally relevant problems.
Public Service Broadcasting and Social Networking Sites: The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation on Facebook

Social networking sites have become staples in everyday life in many parts of the world. Public service broadcasters have ventured on to such services, aiming to reach new users. This move triggers a line of question about the borders between the public and the commercial, the control of content and the shifting power in media policy. Focusing on the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation's use of Facebook, this article offers insights into what exactly is new about the challenges posed by social networking sites, and explores how this instance of hybrid arrangements impacts on our understanding of public service media.
Deforestation slowdown in the Brazilian Amazon: prices or policies?

Abstract This paper investigates the contribution of agricultural output prices and policies to the reduction in Amazon deforestation in the 2000s. Based on a panel of Amazon municipalities from 2002 through 2009, we first show that deforestation responded to agricultural output prices. After controlling for price effects, we find that conservation policies implemented beginning in 2004 and 2008 significantly contributed to the curbing of deforestation. Counterfactual simulations suggest that conservation policies avoided approximately 73,000 km2 of deforestation, or 56 per cent of total forest clearings that would have occurred from 2005 through 2009 had the policies adopted beginning in 2004 and 2008 not been introduced. This is equivalent to an avoided loss of 2.7 billion tonnes of stored carbon dioxide.
A Comment Analysis Approach for Program Comprehension

Comments are interspersed by the Programmer among code lines, at software development phase, with two main purposes: to help himself during the development phase; to help other programmers later on, during the maintenance phase. The former are memos to help him remembering to do something; they are not useful for those willing to understand code. The latter are explanations about the ideas he has in mind when he wrote the code; they can be a relevant aid for others and should be taken into consideration as a first step in program comprehension. Comments are scattered all over the source code, sometimes wrapping a block of code (placed at the beginning or at its end), other times complementing a single statement. If comments are inserted to help in understanding the programmer ideas, they will contain for sure concepts associated with problem domain In this paper we discuss an approach to locate a relevant code chunk (one where the programmer should focus the attention for software maintenance), using information retrieval techniques to locate problem domain concepts within comments. In our approach, comments are isolated marking their type (inline, block or javadoc comment) and keeping their context (code lines to which they are associated). Picking up concepts from the ontology that describes the problem, it is possible to find all the comments that contain that concept (similar words) and rate them. Reading comments from the retrieved list, the programmer can select those that seem to him meaningful and dive directly into the associated chunk. In the paper, we also survey Comment Analysis techniques and describe an environment, Darius, that aims at automatizing the approach proposed. Moreover, Darius provides functionality to study comments frequency in the source files of a given project, to support the discussion weather it is worthwhile or not to apply this program comprehension step.
Combinatorics of Free Cumulants

We derive a formula for expressing free cumulants whose entries are products of random variables in terms of the lattice structure of non-crossing partitions. We show the usefulness of that result by giving direct and conceptually simple proofs for a lot of results about R-diagonal elements. Our investigations do not assume the trace property for the considered linear functionals.
Effective preparation for design review: using UML arrow checklist leveraged on the Gurus' knowledge

The process of design construction and design review is notorious in its endless debates and discussions. Sometimes, these "gurus' style" debates are triggered by simple mistakes that could have been easily avoided. Precious time is lost, both because of the designer's lack of experience and the reviewer's overconfidence. If both sides were effectively prepared and armed with the same ammunition of knowledge, the "balance of terror" would reduce the will to argue and focus would be maintained. Reinforcing the abilities to face the intimidating guru's knowledge can be by formal encapsulation of that knowledge and systematic gurus' guidance to the design steps. This paper presents a methodology that captures the recommended selection of entities' relationships using UML notation. The UML arrow methodology is comprised of a checklist, which provides immediate yes/no feedback to simple guiding questions and a governing iterative process. The consolidated questions encompass best practice design methodologies, composed, edited and corroborated by the company's experienced designers. It contains a common process based on capturing the gurus' recommendations according to the company's specific needs. The methodology was evaluated in practitioners' workshops as well as practical design sessions, based on data received through questionnaires. The results obtained from 62 participants reveal that (1) usage of this methodology led to effective identification of inappropriate entities' relationships; (2) shortened the design review duration; (3) removed redundant technical remarks; (4) improved the preparation stages as well as brainstorming sessions, and (4) overall maintained a focused discussions regarding the problem.
An investigation of spectral restoration algorithms for deep neural networks based noise robust speech recognition

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming widely accepted in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. The deep structured nonlinear processing greatly improves the model’s generalization capability, but the performance under adverse environments is still unsatisfactory. In the literature, there have been many techniques successfully developed to improve Gaussian mixture models’ robustness. Investigating the effectiveness of these techniques for the DNN is an important step to thoroughly understand its superiority, pinpoint its limitations and most importantly to further improve it towards the ultimate human-level robustness. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of speech enhancement using spectral restoration algorithms for DNNs. Four approaches are evaluated, namely minimum mean-square error spectral estimator (MMSE), maximum likelihood spectral amplitude estimator (MLSA), maximum a posteriori spectral amplitude estimator (MAPA), and generalized maximum a posteriori spectral amplitude algorithm (GMAPA). The preliminary experimental results on the Aurora 2 speech database show that with multi-condition training data the DNN itself is capable of learning robust representations. However, if only clean data is available, the MLSA algorithm is the best spectral restoration training method for DNNs.