Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide siRNA screen reveals coupling between mitotic apoptosis and adaptation

The antimitotic anti‐cancer drugs, including taxol, perturb spindle dynamics, and induce prolonged, spindle checkpoint‐dependent mitotic arrest in cancer cells. These cells then either undergo apoptosis triggered by the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway or exit mitosis without proper cell division in an adaptation pathway. Using a genome‐wide small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen in taxol‐treated HeLa cells, we systematically identify components of the mitotic apoptosis and adaptation pathways. We show that the Mad2 inhibitor p31comet actively promotes mitotic adaptation through cyclin B1 degradation and has a minor separate function in suppressing apoptosis. Conversely, the pro‐apoptotic Bcl2 family member, Noxa, is a critical initiator of mitotic cell death. Unexpectedly, the upstream components of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 contribute to mitotic adaption. Our results reveal crosstalk between the apoptosis and adaptation pathways during mitotic arrest.
Financial Development and Growth in the Short and Long Run

We analyze the relationship between financial development and inter-industry resource allocation in the short- and long-run. We suggest that in the long-run, economies with high rates of financial development will devote relatively more resources to industries with a 'natural' reliance on outside finance due to a comparative advantage in these industries. By contrast, in the short-run we argue that financial development facilitates the reallocation of resources to industries with good growth opportunities, regardless of their reliance on outside finance. To test these predictions, we use a measure of industry-level 'technological' financial dependence based on the earlier work of Rajan and Zingales (1998), and develop new proxies for shocks to (short run) industry growth opportunities. We find differential effects of these measures on industry growth and composition in countries with different levels of financial development. We obtain results that are consistent with financially developed economies specializing in 'financially dependent' industries in the long-run, and allocating resources to industries with high growth opportunities in the short-run.
MHC Susceptibility Genes to IgA Deficiency Are Located in Different Regions on Different HLA Haplotypes1

Familial predisposition to IgA deficiency (IgAD) suggests that genetic factors influence susceptibility. Most studies support a polygenic inheritance with a susceptibility locus (designated IGAD1) in the MHC, but its exact location is still controversial. This study aimed to map the predisposing IGAD1 locus (or loci) within the MHC by investigating the pattern of association of the disease with several markers in the region. DNA-based techniques were used to type individual alleles of four polymorphic HLA genes (HLA-DR, -DQA1, -DQB1, and HLA-B), six microsatellites (all located between HLA-DR and HLA-B), and three single nucleotide polymorphisms on the TNF gene. The frequencies of these alleles were compared among ethnically matched populations comprising 182 patients and 343 controls. Additionally, we investigated parents and siblings of 100 of these patients. All four parental haplotypes were established in each family (n = 400), and transmission disequilibrium tests were performed. Surprisingly, our results did not support the hypothesis of a unique susceptibility gene being shared by all MHC susceptibility haplotypes. On HLA-DR1 and -DR7-positive haplotypes IGAD1 mapped to the class II region, whereas on haplotypes carrying HLA-DR3 the susceptibility locus mapped to the telomeric end of the class III region, as reported previously. Our results show how, in complex diseases, individuals may be affected for different genetic reasons and a single linkage signal to a region of a chromosome may actually be the result of disease-predisposing alleles in different linked genes in different pedigrees.
An empirical study on query expansion and documentexpans ion in information retrieval

Query expansion (QE) and document expansion (DE) have been proved effective for improving the retrieval performance in language modeling approach. However, the issue that which expansion technique is more effective in information retrieval (IR), has not been well studied and discussed. To address this issue, this paper performs an empirical study on QE and DE to examine their effects. Moreover, since QE and DE exploit different corpus structures, we also examine the potential effectiveness of incorporating QE and DE. Experimental results on several TREC test collections show that both QE and DE significantly outperform the classical language model, but the effectiveness of QE and DE is varied in different settings of retrieval. In addition, incorporating QE with DE does not always bring about the best performance.
The effects of child sexual abuse on the protecting parent(s): Identifying a counselling response for secondary victims

Abstract Though much research has been carried out on the effects of sexual abuse on the victim, and on the background and motivation of offenders, comparatively little has been conducted on the family members–the ‘secondary victims’ of abuse. It is these ‘forgotten victims’ who comprise the subjects of this qualitive study, looking at the effects of child sexual abuse on the child's non-abusing parent(s). The study focuses on sexual abuse by a family member or a trusted adult known to the child. Thirteen families of child sexual abuse victims took part in the study through a questionnarie and semi-structured interview. The participant's experiences highlight key counselling issues and, though links are made with the effects of loss and victimization, significant differences are also identified.
Vascular Delay , Angiogenesis and Cardiomyoplasty

Vascular delay is a surgical technique that renders a skin flap sub-lethally ischemic and produces significant alterations in the characteristics of the tissue perfusion. The enhanced perfusion is associated with decreased distal flap necrosis and increased viability. Applying this technique to skeletal muscle flaps produces similar vascular changes and results in enhanced perfusion and contractile function. The changes in vascular architecture and total blood flow for both skin and muscle flaps represent alterations in basic arteriogenic and angiogenic activity. The recruitment of previously collapsed collateral vessels and growth and development of new vessels occurs over a period of days. The optimal period of vascular delay for rat latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) is 3-14 days and 14 days has been used for human LDM. The mechanism(s) underlying the changes in angiogenic activity are likely to involve vascular growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The use of such adjuncts have significant potential benefits to the use of the LDM in cardiomyoplasty.
Team Teaching Is Not Just for Teachers! Student Perspectives on the Collaborative Classroom

This article outlines findings from a study of student perceptions of team teaching. The researcher surveyed students at different times during their first term of study at a private college in Japan where team teaching is applied across the curriculum. Responses were content-analysed and six major categories emerged. Team teaching was seen to improve the students' understanding of their lessons and prompt more questions from students in class. Respondents perceived themselves as co-collaborators with their teachers, having equal power to facilitate or impede the collaboration. Respondents also identified a good relationship between teaching partners as a key aspect of effective team teaching and noted that partners are better caretakers of students' needs than single teachers. Finally, there was a common belief in the complementary effect of collaboration to improve the teachers' professional development. Many of the responses align closely with results of similar teacher-focussed studies, but some of the views expressed offer unexpected insights.
Integrating a Focus on Academic Language, English Learners, and Mathematics: Teacher Candidates’ Responses on the Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT)

Throughout the United States, teacher educators are developing new strategies to improve the preparation of mainstream teachers for linguistic diversity. In this article, we explore teacher candidates’ responses to the Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT), a preservice assessment required for credentialing that requires candidates to consider the English language demands of content-area instruction, to enact supports for English learners and others who may struggle with those demands, and to develop ways to promote the academic language development of these students. We report on a study examining written responses on the PACT from 8 elementary teacher candidates who chose mathematics as the focus for their teaching event. We found that the PACT induced teacher candidates to consider language issues and the needs of language learners in a content area often thought to be language-free, yet one in which language in fact plays a crucial role. Such responses provide important information that can be used not only for credentialing decisions but also by teacher educators, teacher-education programs, and teacher candidates themselves in supporting the academic-language development of ELs in content areas such as mathematics.
Anthropology, ‘Native Schooling’ and Maori: the Politics of ‘Cultural Adaptation’ Policies

This paper examines three policies of ‘cultural adaptation’ formulated in colonial contexts in the 1920s and 1930s — that of the British Colonial Office for education in Africa, that of the New Zealand Native Schools and that of Maori leaders. While clearly inter-related, these policies were developed and promoted by their respective proponents to serve widely different political goals. Particularly significant is the role played by anthropology in that context. Proponents of all three policies looked to anthropologists for insights and scientific validation of their political agendas. Anthropologists, in turn, not only accepted this role but, particularly in the case of the British Colonial education policy, actively claimed it, involving themselves in the processes of colonial control.
Self-Disclosure of Sexual Orientation in Social Work Field Education: Field Instructor and Lesbian and Gay Student Perspectives

ABSTRACT In-depth interviews were conducted with lesbian and gay recent MSW graduates (n = 6) and experienced field instructors (n = 8) to explore sexual orientation–related challenges in social work field education. Data were analyzed using techniques from grounded theory and NVivo qualitative software. Self-disclosure emerged as a central theme in the establishment of a positive learning environment for lesbian and gay students in field education, including the benefits of student self-disclosure to learning, the responsibility of the field instructor, and the role of the agency context. Schools of social work may benefit from training and sensitizing field instructors to develop competence in providing educational experiences for LGBT students.
When a Thought Equals a Look: Refreshing Enhances Perceptual Memory

Cognition constantly involves retrieving and maintaining information that is not perceptually available in the current environment. Studies on visual imagery and working memory suggest that such high-level cognition might, in part, be mediated by the revival of perceptual representations in the inferior temporal cortex. Here, we provide new support for this hypothesis, showing that reflectively accessed information can have similar consequences for subsequent perception as actual perceptual input. Participants were presented with pairs of frames in which a scene could appear, and were required to make a category judgment on the second frame. In the critical condition, a scene was presented in the first frame, but the second frame was blank. Thus, it was necessary to refresh the scene from the first frame in order to make the category judgment. Scenes were then repeated in subsequent trials to measure the effect of refreshing on functional magnetic resonance imaging repetition attenuationa neural index of memoryin a scene-selective region of the visual cortex. Surprisingly, the refreshed scenes produced equal attenuation as scenes that had been presented twice during encoding, and more attenuation than scenes that had been presented once during encoding, but that were not refreshed. Thus, the top-down revival of a percept had a similar effect on memory as actually seeing the stimulus again. These findings indicate that high-level cognition can activate stimulus-specific representations in the ventral visual cortex, and that such top-down activation, like that from sensory stimulation, produces memorial changes that affect perceptual processing during a later encounter with the stimulus.
Backtracking regression forests for accurate camera relocalization

Camera relocalization plays a vital role in many robotics and computer vision tasks, such as global localization, recovery from tracking failure, and loop closure detection. Recent random forests based methods directly predict 3D world locations for 2D image locations to guide the camera pose optimization. During training, each tree greedily splits the samples to minimize the spatial variance. However, these greedy splits often produce uneven sub-trees in training or incorrect 2D-3D correspondences in testing. To address these problems, we propose a sample-balanced objective to encourage equal numbers of samples in the left and right sub-trees, and a novel backtracking scheme to remedy the incorrect 2D-3D correspondence predictions. Furthermore, we extend the regression forests based methods to use local features in both training and testing stages for outdoor RGB-only applications. Experimental results on publicly available indoor and outdoor datasets demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, which shows superior or on-par accuracy with several state-of-the-art methods.
Influence of forage characteristics on grazing behavior of weaned steers

For Virginia, the primary forage base is endophyteinf cted tall fescue ( Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub). However, the decreased animal performance and disor ders caused by the presence of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum reduces its suitability for many forage-livestock producers. The endophyte, which is found in the inter-cellular space of tall fescue tissues, forms a mutalistic relationshi p with the plant and helps the fescue tolerate drought, insect predation, and grazing pressure. Th production of toxic ergot alkaloids by the endophyte is associated with decreased performance of animals that graze endophyte infected tall fescue. The objective of the current experiment was to determine how tall fescue type (endophyte free vs novel endophyte) and orchardgras s-legume (alfalfa vs clover) mixture affect grazing behavior of weaned steers. Forty-eight wean ed steers (218 ± 18 kg) were blocked by frame score (medium and large), and randomly assign ed within block to four treatments with three replications in a 2x2 factorial design. Each treatment consisted of 2 paddocks with the combination of tall fescue and legume-orchardgrass mixture as follow: alfalfa-orchardgrass mixture (A)/E-, clover-orchardgrass mixture (C)/E, A/E++ and C/E++. Each group of 4 steers had 24 h access to both tall fescue stand and legum -orchardgrass mixture. Botanical composition of paddocks was determined on d 0, and forage mass, sward height and nutritive value were determined on d 0, 17 and 33. Behavior o f steers was scanned every 5 min on d 24 and 25 from 0700 to 1900. The proportion of legumes wa higher ( P = 0.001) in A paddocks(37 %) compared to C paddocks (6%), while the percent o rchardgrass was lower ( P = 0.040) in A
Informal Learning with Technology: The Effects of Self-Constructing Externalizations

ABSTRACT Especially in the context of technology-enhanced informal learning, it is crucial to understand how to design information sources in such a way that learners are not overwhelmed by the demands of the learning process, but at the same time are engaged in higher order thinking processes. Guidance aids learners in dealing with the demands of a learning process. The authors examined the effects of different levels of guidance provided by an information source. To this end, the effects of a preconstructed externalization are compared to a self-constructed externalization. Thirty-eight students participated in the study. The results revealed no significant differences between the groups with respect to posttest retention. However, performance in application tasks was promoted by the condition associated with a lower level of guidance. This suggests that having learners self-construct an externalization might be a suitable means to elicit learners’ higher order thinking processes in technology-enhanced informal learning.
Examiner support strategies and test-taker vocabulary

Abstract Over the past fifteen years or so examiner input in oral proficiency interviews has provided a constant topic of discussion within language assessment quarters. Despite the attention received, the precise nature of such input remains largely elusive, as does its relationship to test-taker performance and its assessment. The aim of this paper is to shed some further light on this matter by focussing on the relationship between examiner support and test-taker vocabulary. An analysis of 30 Spanish oral examinations reveals that test-takers’ lexical richness and diversity, on the one hand, and examiner’s support strategies, on the other, discriminate between grades awarded for vocabulary in these examinations. Qualitative analysis of the transcribed corpus and of examiner retrospective verbal protocols, however, reveals that vocabulary output on its own does not adequately explain some of the grades awarded. Nor does frequency of examiner support entirely explain the relative impact of accommodation strategies and vocabulary on grades. In view of this, an integrative approach that combines statistical and qualitative analysis is suggested as an optimal framework within which to develop current work on oral proficiency interviews.
Community College Practices for U.S.-Educated Language-Minority Students: A Resource-Oriented Framework

Community colleges are critical points of access for language-minority students and others historically underrepresented in U.S. higher education. Yet there is evidence that community colleges are far from reaching their potential as a stepping-stone to 4-year colleges and universities for underrepresented minorities, especially in states with the most ethnically diverse populations. Within this context, the needs of one particular group of students have not been adequately explored: students from immigrant language-minority backgrounds who have done some of their schooling in U.S. secondary schools yet whose language is still considered by community college faculty, staff, or assessment measures to be inadequate for mainstream academic work. In this article, we propose a framework that emphasizes building on these U.S.-educated language-minority students' strengths and experiences in order to support their academic and linguistic development, and we review the literature on innovative institutional practices and policies that have attempted to do so.
Role of Zebrafish Lbx2 in Embryonic Lateral Line Development

Background The zebrafish ladybird homeobox homologous gene 2 (lbx2) has been suggested to play a key role in the regulation of hypaxial myogenic precursor cell migration. Unlike their lbx counterparts in mammals, the function of teleost lbx genes beyond myogenesis during embryonic development remains unexplored. Principal Findings Abrogation of lbx2 function using a specific independent morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) or truncated lbx2 mRNA with an engrailed domain deletion (lbx2eh-) resulted in defective formation of the zebrafish posterior lateral line (PLL). Migration of the PLL primordium was altered and accompanied by increased cell death in the primordium of lbx2-MO-injected embryos. A decreased number of muscle pioneer cells and impaired expression pattern of sdf1a in the horizontal myoseptum was observed in lbx2 morphants. Significance Injection of lbx2 MO or lbx2eh- mRNA resulted in defective PPL formation and altered sdf1a expression, confirming an important function for lbx2 in sdf1a-dependent migration. In addition, the disassociation of PPL nerve extension with PLL primordial migration in some lbx2 morphants suggests that pathfinding of the PLL primordium and the lateral line nerve may be regulated independently.
Lipids in Health and Disease

Background: Increased serum remnant lipoproteins are supposed to predict cardiovascular disease in addition to increased LDL. A new homogenous assay for remnant lipoproteincholesterol (RemL-C) has been developed as an alternative to remnant-like particle-cholesterol (RLP-C), an immunoseparation assay, widely used for the measurement of remnant lipoprotein cholesterol. Methods: We evaluated the correlations and data validation between the 2 assays in 83 subjects (49 men and 34 women) without diabetes, hypertension and medications for hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, and investigated the characteristics of remnant lipoproteins obtained by the two methods (RLP-C and RemL-C) and their relationships with IDL-cholesterol determined by our developed HPLC method. Results: A positive correlation was significantly found between the two methods (r = 0.853, 95%CI 0.781–0.903, p < 0.0001). Bland & Altman analysis revealed that RemL-C values were likely to be significantly higher than RLP-C values, particularly in samples with high levels of remnant lipoproteins. Several data dissociations between the RemL-C and RLP-C were also observed. The HPLC chromatograms show high concentrations of chylomicron cholesterol in serum samples with RemL-C level < RLP-C level, but high concentrations of IDL-cholesterol in samples with RemL-C level > RLP-C level. RemL-C (r = 0.339, 95%CI 0.152–0.903; p = 0.0005) significantly correlated with IDL-cholesterol, but not RLP-C (r = 0.17, 95%CI -0.047–0.372; p = 0.1237) in all the samples (n = 83). Conclusion: These results suggest that there is generally a significant correlation between RemLC and RLP-C. However, RemL-C assay is likely to reflect IDL more closely than RLP-C. Published: 17 May 2008 Lipids in Health and Disease 2008, 7:18 doi:10.1186/1476-511X-7-18 Received: 14 March 2008 Accepted: 17 May 2008 This article is available from: http://www.lipidworld. com/content/7/1/18 © 2008 Yoshida et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer

In undergoing this life, many people always try to do and get the best. New knowledge, experience, lesson, and everything that can improve the life will be done. However, many people sometimes feel confused to get those things. Feeling the limited of experience and sources to be better is one of the lacks to own. However, there is a very simple thing that can be done. This is what your teacher always manoeuvres you to do this one. Yeah, reading is the answer. Reading a book as this american prometheus the triumph and tragedy of j robert oppenheimer by kai bird april 11 2006 and other references can enrich your life quality. How can it be?