Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Yoruba Hometowns: Community, Identity, and Development in Nigeria

Introduction. Community Day Celebrations: A New Tradition at Home. Knowing Your Place: Hometown and Identity. "We Are Just Sojourners Here": Ijesa Migration. "We Love Ourselves Abroad": Hometown Organizations and Their Members. Ceremonies and Celebrations: The Symbolism of Hometown Links. Local Development and the Economic Crisis. Self-Help and the Practice of Local Development in Ijesaland. The Elusive Goal of Unity: Politics, Conflict, and Morality. Conclusion: Communities and Development.
Hepatitis C Virus-Like Particle Morphogenesis

ABSTRACT Although much is known about the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome, first cloned in 1989, little is known about HCV structure and assembly due to the lack of an efficient in vitro culture system for HCV. Using a recombinant Semliki forest virus replicon expressing genes encoding HCV structural proteins, we observed for the first time the assembly of these proteins into HCV-like particles in mammalian cells. This system opens up new possibilities for the investigation of viral morphogenesis and virus-host cell interactions.
The influence of defendant race and victim physical attractiveness on juror decision-making in a sexual assault trial

Previous research has examined separately the influence of defendant race and victim physical attractiveness on juror decision-making in sexual assault trials. The current study sought to examine the combined effects of defendant race and victim physical attractiveness in a trial of alleged acquaintance sexual assault. Mock jurors read a trial transcript in which the defendant race and victim physical attractiveness were manipulated via photographs. Results demonstrated that women were not influenced by victim attractiveness, but that men were more certain of the defendant guilt when the victim was unattractive. Defendant race and victim attractiveness interacted with regards to victim responsibility ratings – when the defendant was White, attractive victims were rated as more responsible for the alleged assault than unattractive victims; this effect was reversed for trials with a Black defendant and nonexistent for trials with an Aboriginal Canadian defendant.
Repair of a Complicated Calvarial Defect: Reconstruction of an Infected Wound With rhBMP-2

BackgroundManagement of the previously infected craniofacial defect remains a significant clinical challenge, posing obstacles such as wound healing complications, lack of donor site availability, and predisposition to failure of the repair. Optimal therapy would reconstruct like with like, without donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)–mediated bone regeneration with the current standard of autologous bone graft for repair of previously infected calvarial defects. MethodsNineteen adult New Zealand white rabbits underwent subtotal calvariectomy. Bone flaps were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and replanted. After 1 week of infection, bone flaps were removed, and wounds were debrided, followed by 10 days of antibiotic treatment. After 6 weeks, animals underwent scar debridement followed by definitive reconstruction in 1 of 4 groups: empty control (n = 3), vehicle control (buffer solution on absorbable collagen sponge [ACS], n = 3), autologous bone graft (n = 3), or rhBMP-2 repair (rhBMP-2/ACS, n = 10). Animals underwent computed tomography imaging at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively, followed by euthanization and histological analysis. Percent healing was determined by 3-dimensional analysis. A (time × group) 2-way analysis of variance was performed on healing versus treatment group and postoperative time. ResultsAt 6 weeks postoperatively, rhBMP-2/ACS and autologous bone graft resulted in 93% and 68% healing, respectively, whereas the empty and vehicle control treatment resulted in 27% and 26% healing (P < 0.001). Histologically, compared to autologous bone graft, bone in the rhBMP-2/ACS group was more cellular and more consistently continuous with wound margins. ConclusionsThe rhBMP-2 therapy is effective in achieving radiographic coverage of previously infected calvarial defects.
Hybrid event recommendation using linked data and user diversity

An ever increasing number of social services offer thousands of diverse events per day. Users tend to be overwhelmed by the massive amount of information available, especially with limited browsing options perceived in many event web services. To alleviate this information overload, a recommender system becomes a vital component for assisting users selecting relevant events. However, such system faces a number of challenges owed to the the inherent complex nature of an event. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid approach built on top of Semantic Web. On the one hand, we use a content-based system enriched with Linked Data to overcome the data sparsity, a problem induced by the transiency of events. On the other hand, we incorporate a collaborative filtering to involve the social aspect, an influential feature in decision making. This hybrid system is enhanced by the integration of a user diversity model designed to detect user propensity towards specific topics. We show how the hybridization of CB+CF systems and the integration of interest diversity features are important to improve predictions. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using precision and recall measures.
Psychometric Parameters of the Spanish Version of the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (S-KUAS)1

Summary: To construct a Spanish version of the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (S-KUAS), the Arabic and English versions of the KUAS have been separately translated into Spanish. To check the comparability in terms of meaning, the two Spanish preliminary translations were thoroughly scrutinized vis-a-vis both the Arabic and English forms by several experts. Bilingual subjects served to explore the cross-language equivalence of the English and Spanish versions of the KUAS. The correlation between the total scores on both versions was . 93, and the t value was . 30 (n.s.), denoting good similarity. The Alphas and 4-week test-retest reliabilities were greater than . 84, while the criterion-related validity was . 70 against scores on the trait subscale of the STAI. These findings denote good reliability and validity of the S-KUAS. Factor analysis yielded three high-loaded factors of Behavioral/Subjective, Cognitive/Affective, and Somatic Anxiety, equivalent to the original Arabic version. Female (n = 210) undergr.
Garden Path Sentences and Error Data in Second Language Sentence Processing.

This article expands on Juffs & Harrington's (1995) investigation of the parsing performance on wh-movement sentences by Chinese-speaking learners of English. We compare the difficulty L2 learners have in parsing subject wh-traces in embedded finite and nonfinite clauses with the problems they have in parsing Garden Path (GP) sentences. Using the moving window technique (Just, Carpenter, & Woolley, 1982), 25 Chinese-speaking learners of English supplied word-by-word reading times and grammaticality judgments on a range of wh-extraction structures and GP sentences in English. Analysis of the error and accurate judgment data and the word-by-word reading profiles supports the hypothesis that L2 learners of English may have a parsing, rather than a competence, deficit in judging grammatical wh-extraction.
Assessing the Relative Effects of Interventions in Students with Mild Disabilities: Assessing Instructional Time

Assessment data are used to make treatment recommendations for students with mild disabilities. However, no assessment procedures exist that allow one to predict with certainty that one academic intervention will be more effective than another academic intervention for a particular student with mild disabilities. Therefore, hypotheses regarding intervention effectiveness should be tested by assessing students' learning rates under different instructional procedures. In this demonstration, alternating treatment designs are used to show how more precise measurement of instructional time can impact the assessment of relative learning rates when students are exposed to more than one intervention. Discussion centers around the importance of time as a contextual variable when assessing the effects of academic interventions.
Well-Being, Social Capital and Public Policy: What's New?

This article summarises recent empirical research on the determinants of subjective well-being. Results from national and international samples suggest that measures of social capital, including especially the corollary measures of specific and general trust, have substantial effects on well-being beyond those flowing through economic channels. Cross-national samples (supported by parallel analysis of suicide data) show large well-being effects from the quality of government. Finally, using well-being data to estimate the income-equivalents non-financial aspects of the workplace produces numbers so large as to suggest the existence of unexploited opportunities to improve both employee satisfaction and enterprise efficiency.
PECVD SiO2/Si3N4 double layers electrets on glass substrate

SiO2/Si3N4 double layers electrets have been investigated for their long-term charge stability and compatibility to micro technology. This paper first reports SiO2/Si3N4 double layers electrets both prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) on glass substrates. Charging time, charging temperature and annealing process were studied for their influence on electrets properties. Different methods of treatment, such as hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) coating, heat treatment at 250degC, 02 plasma treatment and their combinations, were employed to improve charge stability under high humidity conditions. The experimental results show that PECVD prepared SiO2/Si3N4 double layers exhibit high performance in charge storage under different environmental conditions. The surface potential did not decay obviously at room temperatures during more than two months. The samples lose less than 20% of the surface potential at 250degC for more than 10 h. The surface potential could be kept more than 90% at 95% RH by heat treatment combined with HMDS process or O2 plasma treatment.
Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk among women

Abstract Objective Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Several studies have examined the role of single nutrients and food groups in breast cancer pathogenesis but fewer investigations have addressed the role of dietary patterns. Our main objective was to identify the relationship between major dietary patterns and breast cancer risk among Iranian women. Design Hospital-based case–control study. Setting Shohada Teaching Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Subjects Overall, 100 female patients aged 30–65 years with breast cancer and 174 female hospital controls were included in the present study. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative FFQ consisting of 168 food items. Results Two dietary patterns were identified explaining 24·31 % of dietary variation in the study population. The ‘healthy’ food pattern was characterized by the consumption of vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy products, legumes, olive and vegetable oils, fish, condiments, organ meat, poultry, pickles, soya and whole grains; while the ‘unhealthy’ food pattern was characterized by the consumption of soft drinks, sugars, tea and coffee, French fries and potato chips, salt, sweets and desserts, hydrogenated fats, nuts, industrial juice, refined grains, and red and processed meat. Compared with the lowest tertile, women in the highest tertile of the ‘healthy’ dietary pattern score had 75 % decreased risk of breast cancer (OR = 0·25, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·78), whereas women in the highest tertile of the ‘unhealthy’ dietary pattern had a significantly increased breast cancer risk (OR = 7·78, 95 % CI 2·31, 26·22). Conclusions A healthy dietary pattern may be negatively associated with breast cancer risk, while an unhealthy dietary pattern is likely to increase the risk among Iranian women.
Language and Literacy in Turner Syndrome

Language problems can be associated with specific genetic syndromes, such as Klinefelter syndrome and fragile X syndrome, even in the absence of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Turner syndrome, a relatively common genetic disorder, is caused by the complete or partial absence of 1 of the 2 X chromosomes typically present in women. The syndrome is characterized by a distinct profile of physical and neuropsychological characteristics. The language characteristics of Turner syndrome have received considerably less attention than other cognitive domains, such as executive function and visual spatial ability. The present article focuses on describing the language and literacy characteristics associated with Turner syndrome, which are generally considered to be areas of relative strength. Related cognitive skills, such as executive function, and clinical implications are also discussed.
Impacts of small lot manufacturing on AMHS

Demands to reduce semiconductor fab lot cycle time are increasing more and more. Small lot manufacturing (SLM) is proposed as a promising way to reduce cycle times considerably. However there are detractors against realizing effective SLM. Some of them are related to Automated Manufacturing Handling System (AMHS). This paper describes these detractors and discuss potential solutions for them. We conclude that AMHS solutions for SLM should stress more transport capacity and shorter Carrier Exchange Time (CET) rather than shorter delivery time. We also conclude that mathematical models are more intuitive and useful than simulation models for such studies.
The Influence of Situational Ethics on Cheating Among College Students

This research examines the influence of situational ethics on cheating among college students. The analysis of responses from 6,096 students at thirty-one diverse schools suggests that neutralization is a significant factor in justifying the violation of institutional norms on academic honesty. Although cheating is generally seen as wrong, students identify many situations in which they feel cheating is acceptable.
Toward a Contingency Theory of Decision Making.

Although there are many models of decision making, there are few attempts to match the appropriate decision strategy with different situations. After reviewing and comparing six contemporary decision‐making models, a framework and propositions are developed that match strategies with circumstances. The article concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical application of the proposed contingency model decision making.
Disruption of actin cytoskeleton causes internalization of Ca(v)1.3 (alpha 1D) L-type calcium channels in salamander retinal neurons.

PURPOSE To study the influence of actin cytoskeleton reorganization on the subcellular distribution of Ca(v)1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels in salamander retinal third-order neurons. METHODS Immunocytochemistry with confocal microscopy was used to demonstrate internalization of the Ca(v)1.3 isoform of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in third-order retinal neurons. A specificity of antibody was confirmed with Western blotting and in control experiments preabsorbing antibody wit its respective peptide. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was applied to record L-type currents from ganglion cells in slice preparations in the presence of N- and P/Q type Ca2+ channel blockers. RESULTS A high level of Ca(v)1.3 labeling was present in cone photoreceptor terminals in the outer plexiform layer (OPL), as aggregates of puncta. Punctate Ca(v)1.3 labeling was evident throughout the IPL and around the cell bodies in the outer nuclear (ONL), inner nuclear (INL) and on somas and axons of ganglion cells labeled with rhodamine-conjugated dextran. Doubly labeled sections for synaptophysin and Ca(v)1.3 revealed colocalization in the OPL and IPL. Depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton caused a dynamin-dependent internalization of Ca(v)1.3 but not Ca(v)1.2 subtype of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in dissociated neurons. In ganglion cells, the inhibition of L-type Ca2+ currents by F-actin disrupters was mediated by Ca2+ channel internalization. Treatment with cytochalasin D protected retinal neurons against kainate-induced excitotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Actin cytoskeleton dynamics plays an important role in the regulation of subcellular distribution and function of Ca(v)1.3 L-type Ca2+ channels in salamander retinal neurons. Ca2+-dependent actin depolymerization may serve as a negative feedback mechanism to reduce excessive Ca2+ influx and thereby protect neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.
Building Effective Intra-Organizational Networks: The Role of Teams

This paper integrates the largely independent literatures on networks and teams. Our objective is twofold: (1) to understand what constitutes an effective organizational network when much of the work of the organization is done by teams; and (2) to examine what the internal and external social capital needs of teams are. We raise questions to guide future research, and point to potential managerial implications.
The Fate of Abstracts Presented at the 2013 and 2014 Annual Meetings of the Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

BACKGROUND Oral and poster presentations at annual national meetings of the Romanian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (RSGH) provide a forum for education, communication and discussion of new research. However, for the wide-spread dissemination of the new research work, each presentation should be subsequently published as a full-text article in peer-reviewed, indexed journals. AIM to evaluate the publication rate of full-text articles in peer-reviewed journals after being first presented as abstracts at two consecutive RSGH annual meetings. METHODS A retrospective review of all abstracts presented at the annual meetings in 2013 and 2014 was performed. PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using abstract titles, first author's name and affiliation, and key words from the title to identify whether an abstract resulted in a peer-reviewed publication. Abstracts published in full-text were subsequently assessed for study type, study center, topics, publication year, journals and their impact factors (IFs). We chose the 2013 and 2014 meetings to ensure a minimum two-year follow-up period since the last meeting for the publication as full-length articles. RESULTS A total of 562 abstracts were presented (275 in 2013, 287 in 2014). There were 150 oral presentations (93 in 2013, 57 in 2014) and 412 poster presentations (182 in 2013, 230 in 2014). Fifty seven of them (10.1%) were published as full-text articles, among them 26 (17.3%) after oral presentations and 31 (7.5%) after poster presentations (P=0.001). University affiliation and original research work were most likely to be published. The average IFs of the journals which published the articles were 2.42 in 2013 and 1.87 in 2014. CONCLUSION The publication rate for the annual RSGH meetings abstracts as full-text articles in peer-reviewed journals is very low compared to the analyses performed in gastroenterology or other medical specialities from other countries. It is not clear yet what are the factors responsible for the failure of publication.
Ca -Independent Activation of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Response to Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors and Fluid Shear Stress

—Fluid shear stress enhances NO formation via a Ca 2 -independent tyrosine kinase inhibitor–sensitive pathway. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor phenylarsine oxide and of fluid shear stress on endothelial NO production as well as on the membrane association and phosphorylation of the NO synthase (NOS) III. Phenylarsine oxide (10 (cid:109) mol/L) induced an immediate and maintained NO-mediated relaxation of isolated rabbit carotid arteries, which was insensitive to the removal of extracellular Ca 2 (cid:49) and the calmodulin antagonist calmidazolium. This phenylarsine oxide–induced vasodilatation was unaffected by genistein but abrogated by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor erbstatin A. Incubation of native or cultured endothelial cells with phenylarsine oxide resulted in a time-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of mainly Triton X-100–insoluble (cytoskeletal) proteins, along with a parallel change in the detergent solubility of NOS III, such that the enzyme was recovered in the cytoskeletal fraction. A similar, though slightly delayed, phenomenon was also observed after the application of fluid shear stress but not in response to any receptor-dependent agonist. Although Ca 2 (cid:49) -independent NO formation was sensitive to erbstatin A, phenylarsine oxide treatment was associated with the tyrosine dephosphorylation of NOS III rather than its hyperphosphorylation. Proteins that also underwent redistribution in response to the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor included paxillin, phospholipase C- (cid:103) 1 , mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the tyrosine kinases Src and Fyn. We envisage that fluid shear stress and tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors may alter the conformation and/or protein coupling of NOS III, facilitating its interaction with specific phospholipids, proteins, and/or protein kinases that enhance/maintain its Ca 2 (cid:49) -independent activation. ( Circ Res . 1998;82:686-695.) Pansorbin three times homogenization The immunoprecipitates were boiled in sample buffer and separated by SDS-PAGE. In some experiments, proteins were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Immobilon P, Millipore), and after autoradiography, the NOS III protein band was excised, hydrolyzed by to 110°C in HCl (6N) for 45 minutes, and subsequently in a vacuum concentrator. were resuspended in formic acid acetic phosphoserine, threonine, tyrosine (1 (cid:109) and subjected to two-dimensional thin-layer electrophoresis at and 3.5 using thin-layer cellulose
Fast Closed-Form Matting Using a Hierarchical Data Structure

Image/video matting is one of the key operations in many image/video editing applications. Although previous methods can generate high-quality matting results, their high computational cost in processing high-resolution image and video data often limits their usability. In this paper, we present a unified acceleration method for closed-form image and video matting using a hierarchical data structure, which achieves an excellent compromise between quality and speed. We first apply a Gaussian KD tree to adaptively cluster the input high-dimensional image and video feature space into a low-dimensional feature space. Then, we solve the affinity-weighted Laplacian alpha matting in the reduced feature space. The final matting results are derived using detail-aware alpha interpolation. Our algorithm can be fully parallelized by exploiting advanced graphics hardware, which can further accelerate the matting computation. Our method accelerates existing methods by at least an order of magnitude with good quality, and also greatly reduces the memory consumption. This acceleration strategy is also extended to support other affinity-based matting approaches, which makes it a more general accelerating framework for a variety of matting methods. Finally, we apply the presented method to accelerate image and video dehazing, and image shadow detection and removal.