Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strengths Use in Organizations: A Positive Approach of Occupational Health

In this article, we review theory and research on strengths use in an organizational context. We identify important antecedents of strengths use, including personal initiative, organizational support for strengths use, autonomy, and opportunities for development. In addition, we position strengths use in Job Demands–Resources theory as one of the possible proactive behaviors that may foster the acquisition of personal and job resources, and indirectly promote work engagement and performance. Since strengths use has important ramifications for employee functioning, strengths use interventions seem an important next step in strengths use research. We outline important questions for future research, and discuss practical implications of our theoretical analysis. We conclude that organizations should encourage employees to use their strengths, because when employees capitalize on their strong points, they can be authentic, feel energized, and flourish. Dans cet article, nous passons en revue la théorie et la recherche concernant l’utilisation des forces dans un contexte organisationnel. Nous identifions d’importants antécédents ayant trait à l’utilisation des forces, y compris des initiatives personnelles, du soutien organisationnel, de l’autonomie et des occasions de développement. De plus, nous positionnons l’utilisation des forces dans le modèle demandes-ressources au travail comme l’un des comportements proactifs susceptibles de favoriser l’acquisition de ressources personnelles et professionnelles et indirectement, l’engagement et le rendement au travail. Étant donné que l’utilisation des forces a d’importantes ramifications sur le fonctionnement de l’employé, des interventions sur l’utilisation des forces semble être une prochaine étape importante de la recherche dans ce domaine. Nous soulevons quelques questions importantes concernant les recherches futures et discutons des implications pratiques de notre analyse théorique. Nous concluons en affirmant que les organisations devraient encourager leurs employés à miser sur leurs points forts afin que ces derniers puissent agir de manière fidèle à eux-mêmes, se sentir dynamisés et ainsi prospérer.
Chrysen-2-ol derivative from West Indian Wood Nettle Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew inhibits oxidation and microbial growth in vitro

Bio-active compounds present in West Indian Wood Nettle Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew (Urticaceae), used in ethno medicine as antioxidant and antimicrobial were studied. The aim of this research work was to isolate and characterize the bio-active compounds in the n-hexane fraction of L. aestuans, determine the toxicity and subject it to in-vitro antimicrobial and free radical scavenging activities. The chemical constituents were isolated by gradient elution column chromatographic technique and Ultra Violet/visible (UV), Infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies were used for structural elucidation. The free radical scavenging activity of the isolate was assessed using three methods; scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical generated from hydrogen peroxide and ferric thiocynate method. Antimicrobial screening was done by agar well diffusion method while toxicity was determined by Brine shrimp lethality test. Structures were proposed for the white crystalline solids isolated; (4E)-3,6-dimethylhep-4-en-3-ol (AB) and 1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a,10b,11-hexadecahydro-1,1,6a,10b-tetramethyl-7-((E)-4,7-dimethyloct-5-enyl) chrysen-2-ol (AC). Percentage yield of AC was 91.2 and was non-toxic with LC50 (µg/ml) value of 1581233000.0. AC significantly scavenged free radical at 0.0625 mg/ml in the DPPH (64.73 %) and hydrogen peroxide (99.22 %) tests. It also showed 65.23 % inhibition at 1.0 mg/ml in the ferric thiocyanate test. AC also inhibited microbial growth significantly when compared with gentamicin and tioconazole which are antibacterial and antifungal standards respectively. The presence of Chrysen-2-ol derivative in L. aestuans which was non-toxic and possessed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities supports its ethno medicinal application.
Outbreak of multiple clones of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates expressing OXA-58 carbapenemase in an intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the resistance mechanisms and the genetic relationship of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. METHODS Imipenem-resistant A. baumannii clinical and environmental isolates were collected in the ICU of the Red Cross General Hospital, Athens, Greece between March and October 2002. The isolates were tested by Etest MBL, PCR, RT-PCR and sequencing for carbapenemase-encoding genes, PFGE and synergy experiments using meropenem and the efflux pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide chlorophenylhydrazone. RESULTS During the study period, 15 clinical and two environmental imipenem-resistant (MIC 8 to >128 mg/L) A. baumannii isolates were recovered. PFGE showed six different clones that included both clinical and environmental isolates. All 17 isolates were negative by Etest MBL and PCR for genes bla(IMP), bla(VIM), bla(SPM), bla(OXA-23-like) and bla(OXA-24-like). Genes bla(OXA-51-like) and bla(OXA-58-like) were amplified from 15 and 14 isolates, respectively. Sequencing of bla(OXA-51-like) amplicons identified bla(OXA-66) (nine cases) and bla(OXA-69) (six cases), whereas bla(OXA-58-like) sequences were classical bla(OXA-58). Reverse transcriptase-PCR showed that bla(OXA-51-like) genes were expressed in 12 and bla(OXA-58) in 10 isolates; in these isolates, inhibition of OXA enzymes by 200 mM of NaCl reduced carbapenem MICs by up to 4-fold. Overexpression of proton-gradient dependent efflux pumps did not contribute to carbapenem resistance in any isolate. Similarly, although AmpC expression was demonstrated in eight isolates, inhibition of AmpC with cloxacillin did not reduce the MICs of carbapenems significantly. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate wide dissemination of OXA-58 carbapenemase, which contributes, at least partially, to the imipenem resistance of unrelated A. baumannii isolates in our ICU.
Can Neural Activity Propagate by Endogenous Electrical Field?

It is widely accepted that synaptic transmissions and gap junctions are the major governing mechanisms for signal traveling in the neural system. Yet, a group of neural waves, either physiological or pathological, share the same speed of ∼0.1 m/s without synaptic transmission or gap junctions, and this speed is not consistent with axonal conduction or ionic diffusion. The only explanation left is an electrical field effect. We tested the hypothesis that endogenous electric fields are sufficient to explain the propagation with in silico and in vitro experiments. Simulation results show that field effects alone can indeed mediate propagation across layers of neurons with speeds of 0.12 ± 0.09 m/s with pathological kinetics, and 0.11 ± 0.03 m/s with physiologic kinetics, both generating weak field amplitudes of ∼2–6 mV/mm. Further, the model predicted that propagation speed values are inversely proportional to the cell-to-cell distances, but do not significantly change with extracellular resistivity, membrane capacitance, or membrane resistance. In vitro recordings in mice hippocampi produced similar speeds (0.10 ± 0.03 m/s) and field amplitudes (2.5–5 mV/mm), and by applying a blocking field, the propagation speed was greatly reduced. Finally, osmolarity experiments confirmed the model's prediction that cell-to-cell distance inversely affects propagation speed. Together, these results show that despite their weak amplitude, electric fields can be solely responsible for spike propagation at ∼0.1 m/s. This phenomenon could be important to explain the slow propagation of epileptic activity and other normal propagations at similar speeds. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neural activity (waves or spikes) can propagate using well documented mechanisms such as synaptic transmission, gap junctions, or diffusion. However, the purpose of this paper is to provide an explanation for experimental data showing that neural signals can propagate by means other than synaptic transmission, gap junction, or diffusion. The results indicate that electric fields (ephaptic effects) are capable of mediating propagation of self-regenerating neural waves. This novel mechanism coupling cell-by-volume conduction could be involved in other types of propagating neural signals, such as slow-wave sleep, sharp hippocampal waves, theta waves, or seizures.
Are Expected Inflation Rates and Expected Real Rates Negatively Correlated? A Long‐Run Test of the Mundell‐Tobin Hypothesis

Some empirical evidence suggests that the expected real interest and expected inflation rates are negatively correlated. This hypothesis of negative correlation is sometimes known as the Mundell-Tobin hypothesis. In this article we reinvestigate this negative relation from a long-term point of view using cointegration analysis. The data on the historical interest rate on T-bills and the inflation rate indicate that the Mundell-Tobin hypothesis does not hold in the long run for the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. We also obtain similar results using the real interest rate on index-linked gilt traded in the United Kingdom. The Southern Finance Association and the Southwestern Finance Association.
DESIGN OF A NEW BIOFEEDBACK PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION SYSTEM FOR BELOW-KNEE AMPUTEES

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and foot sensory compensation are critical to balance control and ambulatory performance in below-knee amputees. Sub-sensory stimulation has been shown to be effective in enhancing the sensitivity of the human somatosensory system. In addition, visual-auditory biofeedback to improve foot sensory compensation for amputees was suggested in recent articles. The purpose of this study is to develop a new biofeedback proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation system for improving balance control and foot sensory compensation in below-knee amputees. The proposed system functioned with sub-threshold electrical stimulation and visual-auditory biofeedback was developed for clinical study. Two unilateral trans-tibial amputees who consecutively wore prosthetics over 10 years were participated in this study. Subjects performed multiple single leg quite standing trails with sub-sensory electrical stimulation applied at the quadriceps muscle during half of the trails. Four static balance performance indices (i.e. Holding Time Index, HTI; Sway Length Index, SLI; Max Sway Distance Index, MSDI; Average Sway Distance Index, ASDI) were characterized using Zebris motion analysis system. The improvement ratio of these static balance performance indices across subjects for single leg quiet standing tests were resulted in a 209.7% in HTI, 39.1% in SLI, 24.3% in MSDI, and 65.4% in ASDI respectively. In addition, multiple treadmill ambulatory trails with or without visual-auditory biofeedback were evaluated. Four dynamic gait performance indices (i.e. Double Support Time Index, DSTI; Constant Time Cadence Index, CTCI; Single Support Time Index, SSTI; Stance/Swing Phase Index, SSPI) were characterized with Zebris instrumented insole and associated FMS analysis software. With visual-auditory biofeedback, the improvement of all four dynamic gait performance indices in below-knee amputees was verified. The improvement ratio of four gait performance indices across subjects resulted in a 14.81% in DSTI (sound side), 14.29% in DSTI (affected side), 14% in CTCI, 13.00% in SSTI (sound side), 6.02% in SSTI (affected side), 45.17% in SSPI (sound side), and 27.49% in SSPI (affected side) respectively. These findings suggest that sub-threshold electrical stimulation and visual-auditory biofeedback proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation strategies may be effective in compensating foot sensory loss and improving balance control for below-knee amputees.
The first galaxies: structure and stellar populations

The Hubble deep fields (HDFs) continue to be a valuable resource for studying the distant Universe, particularly at z > 2 where their comoving volume becomes large enough to encompass several hundred L* galaxies or their progenitors. Here, I present recent results from a near-infrared (NIR) imaging survey of the HDFnorth with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi–Object Spectrograph (NICMOS), which provides structural and photometric information in the optical rest frame (λλ24000–5500 Å) for hundreds of ‘ordinary’ galaxies at 2 < z < 3, and which offers the means to search for still–more–distant objects at z ≫ 5. Lyman–break galaxies (LBGs) at 2 < z < 3 are compact and often irregular in the NICMOS images; ordinary Hubble sequence spirals and ellipticals seem to be largely absent at these redshifts, and apparently reached maturity at 1 < z < 2. The LBGs have ultraviolet (UV)-optical spectral energy distributions like those of local starburst galaxies. Population synthesis models suggest typical ages of a few x 108 years and moderate UV extinction (ca .1.2 mag at 1700 Å), but the constraints are fairly weak and there may be considerable variety. Considering an NIR selected galaxy sample, there is little evidence for a significant number of galaxies at z ∽ 3 that have been missed by UV–based Lyman–break selection. Using the well–characterized z ∽ 3 galaxy population as a point of reference, I consider LBG candidates at 4.5 < z < 9, as well as one remarkable object that might (or might not) be an LBG at z > 12. The space density of UV–bright galaxies in the HDF appears to thin out toward larger redshifts, although surface–brightness selection effects may play an important role.
TCM-KNN scheme for network anomaly detection using feature-based optimizations

With the rapid increase of network threats and cyber attacks, network security problem is becoming more and more serious. Network anomaly detection is a key technique to secure information systems and resist cyber attacks. In this paper, we first propose an efficient network anomaly detection technique based on TCM-KNN scheme. Secondly, we emphasize the feature-based optimizations for our TCM-KNN. We employ feature selection and feature weight mechanisms to optimize TCM-KNN as a promising lightweight and on-line anomaly detection technique both in reducing its computational cost and in boosting its detection performance. A series of experiments on well-known intrusion detection dataset KDD Cup 1999 demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods presented in this paper.
A Person-in-Context Approach to Student Engagement in Science: Examining Learning Activities and Choice.

Science education reform efforts in the Unites States call for a dramatic shift in the way students are expected to engage with scientific concepts, core ideas, and practices in the classroom. This new vision of science learning demands a more complex conceptual understanding of student engagement and research models that capture both the multidimensionality and contextual specificity of student engagement in science. In a unique application of person-oriented analysis of experience sampling data, we employ cluster analysis to identify six distinct momentary engagement profiles representing different combinations of the behavioral, cognitive, and affective dimensions of student engagement in high school science classrooms. Students spend a majority of their classroom time in one of several engagement profiles characterized by high engagement on one dimension, but low levels on the others. Students exhibited low engagement across all three dimensions of engagement in about 22% of our observations. Full engagement, or high levels across all three dimensions, is the least frequent profile, occurring in only 11% of the observations. Students’ momentary engagement profiles are related in meaningful ways to both the learning activity in which students are engaged and the types of choices they are afforded. Laboratory activities provided especially polarized engagement experiences, producing full engagement, universally low engagement, and pleasurable engagement in which students are affectively engaged but are not engaged cognitively or behaviorally. Student choice is generally associated with more optimal engagement profiles and the specific type of choice matters in important ways. Choices about how to frame the learning activity have the most positive effects relative to other types of choices, such as choosing whom to work with or how much time to take. Results are discussed in terms of implications for practice and the utility of the methodological approach for evaluating the complexities of student engagement in science classrooms. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 9999:XX–XX, 2017
Winter Precipitation Microphysics Characterized by Polarimetric Radar and Video Disdrometer Observations in Central Oklahoma

The study of precipitation in different phases is important to understanding the physical processes that occur in storms, as well as to improving their representation in numerical weather prediction models. A 2D video disdrometer was deployed about 30 km from a polarimetric weather radar in Norman, Oklahoma, (KOUN) to observe winter precipitation events during the 2006/07 winter season. These events contained periods of rain, snow, and mixed-phase precipitation. Five-minute particle size distributions were generated from the disdrometer data and fitted to a gamma distribution; polarimetric radar variables were also calculated for comparison with KOUN data. It is found that snow density adjustment improves the comparison substantially, indicating the importance of accounting for the density variability in representing model microphysics.
Revisiting the Development and Validation of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire: Analytical Clarifications

This article reexamines the original research and results pertaining to the construct validation of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire. Our reexamination involved analyzing the four factor and higher order model of authentic leadership using more recent recommendations for model tests that have appeared in the literature since the original article was published. We compared the results of these procedures to those used back in 2008, excluding any adjustments to the model specifications based on modification indices. Results of these analyses are interpreted and contextualized within the stream of research accumulated on authentic leadership to the present day. We also offer recommendations for extending further construct validation work on authentic leadership theory, and more general suggestions for reporting the results of these types of analyses.
The l-Tartrate/Succinate Antiporter TtdT (YgjE) of l-Tartrate Fermentation in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli ferments l-tartrate under anaerobic conditions in the presence of an additional electron donor to succinate. The carrier for l-tartrate uptake and succinate export and its relation to the general C4-dicarboxylate carriers DcuA, DcuB, and DcuC were studied. The secondary carrier TtdT, encoded by the ttdT (previously called ygjE) gene, is required for the uptake of l-tartrate. The ttdT gene is located downstream of the ttdA and ttdB genes, encoding the l-tartrate dehydratase TtdAB. Analysis of mRNA by reverse transcription-PCR showed that ttdA, ttdB, and ttdT are cotranscribed. Deletion of ttdT abolished growth by l-tartrate and degradation of l-tartrate completely. Bacteria containing TtdT catalyze l-tartrate or succinate uptake and specific heterologous l-tartrate/succinate antiporting. d-Tartrate is not a substrate for TtdT. TtdT operates preferentially in the direction of tartrate uptake and succinate excretion. The Dcu carriers do not support anaerobic growth on l-tartrate or l-tartrate transport. TtdT is related in sequence and function to CitT, which catalyzes heterologous citrate/succinate antiporting in citrate fermentation.
Linking the Timing of Career and Technical Education Coursetaking With High School Dropout and College-Going Behavior

While prior studies have examined the efficacy of career and technical education (CTE) courses on high school students’ outcomes, there is little knowledge on timing of these courses and a potential link to student outcomes. We asked if the timing of these courses predicted differences in the likelihood of dropout and on-time high school graduation as well as college-going behaviors. We found that CTE coursetaking in high school was linked to lower chances of dropout and increased chances of on-time graduation, especially when these courses were taken later in high school. Little evidence arose that CTE coursetaking boosts college-going behaviors. The implications speak to the role of timing of CTE coursetaking, specifically on end of high school outcomes.
New s-Process Path and Its Implications for a 187Re-187Os Nucleo-Cosmochronometer

We study a new s-process path through an isomer of 186Re to improve a 187Re-187Os nucleo-cosmochronometer. The nucleus 187Re is produced by this new path of 185Re(n, γ)186Rem(n, γ)187Re. We measure a ratio of neutron-capture cross sections for the 185Re(n, γ)186Rem and 185Re(n, γ)186Reg reactions at thermal neutron energy because the ratio with the experimental uncertainty has not been reported. Using an activation method with reactor neutrons, we obtain the ratio of Rth = 0.54% ± 0.11%. From this ratio we estimate the ratio of Maxwellian-averaged cross sections in a typical s-process environment at kT = 30 keV with the help of the temperature dependence given in a statistical-model calculation because the energy dependence of the isomer/ground ratio is smaller than the absolute neutron-capture cross section. The ratio at kT = 30 keV is estimated to be Rst = 1.3% ± 0.8%. We calculate the s-process contribution from the new path in a steady-flow model. The additional abundance of 187Re through this path is estimated to be Ns = 0.56% ± 0.35% relative to the abundance of 186Os. This additional increase of 187Re does not make any remarkable change in the 187Re-187Os chronometer for an age estimate of a primitive meteorite, which has recently been found to be affected strongly by a single supernova r-process episode.
FACT is a sensor of DNA torsional stress in eukaryotic cells

Abstract Transitions of B-DNA to alternative DNA structures (ADS) can be triggered by negative torsional strain, which occurs during replication and transcription, and may lead to genomic instability. However, how ADS are recognized in cells is unclear. We found that the binding of candidate anticancer drug, curaxin, to cellular DNA results in uncoiling of nucleosomal DNA, accumulation of negative supercoiling and conversion of multiple regions of genomic DNA into left-handed Z-form. Histone chaperone FACT binds rapidly to the same regions via the SSRP1 subunit in curaxin-treated cells. In vitro binding of purified SSRP1 or its isolated CID domain to a methylated DNA fragment containing alternating purine/pyrimidines, which is prone to Z-DNA transition, is much stronger than to other types of DNA. We propose that FACT can recognize and bind Z-DNA or DNA in transition from a B to Z form. Binding of FACT to these genomic regions triggers a p53 response. Furthermore, FACT has been shown to bind to other types of ADS through a different structural domain, which also leads to p53 activation. Thus, we propose that FACT acts as a sensor of ADS formation in cells. Recognition of ADS by FACT followed by a p53 response may explain the role of FACT in DNA damage prevention.