Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety

As a form of therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is more than a mere “toolbox. ” CBT allows us to better understand how the human mind is functioning because it is based on neuroscience and experimental and scientific psychology. At the beginning, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was “nontheoretical,” but nowadays (the most recent version being DSM-5), it is increasingly based on CBT paradigms (with the insertion of important notions such as cognitions and behaviors). This Brief Report presents what we currently know about generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and how we can treat this condition by nonpharmaceutical means. In the last few years, GAD theories have evolved, becoming more precise about the cognitive functioning of GAD sufferers. Here, we look at current theoretical models and the main techniques of therapeutic care, as well as the advances in research about the “transdiagnostic” process and GAD in childhood. CBT is an effective treatment for GAD, typically leading to reductions in worry, and a study has shown that such therapy is equal to pharmaceutical treatment and more effective 6 months after study completion.
Motor Recovery and Anatomical Evidence of Axonal Regrowth in Spinal Cord‐Repaired Adult Rats

Behavioral assessments of hindlimb motor recovery and anatomical assessments of extended axons of long spinal tracts were conducted in adult rats following complete spinal cord transection. Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) sham control group (laminectomy only; n = 12); 2) transection-only group, spinal cord transection at T8 (n = 20); and 3) experimental treatment group, spinal cord transection at T8, with peripheral nerve grafts (PNG) and application of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) (n = 14). The locomotor behavior and stepping of all rats were analyzed over a 6-month survival time using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) open field locomotor test and the contact placing test. Immunohistochemistry for serotonin (5-HT), anterograde tracing with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), and retrograde tracing with fluoro-gold were used to evaluate the presence of axons below the damage site following treatment. When compared with the transection-only group, the nerve graft with the aFGF group showed 1) significant improvement in hindlimb locomotion and stepping, 2) the presence of 5-HT-labeled axons below the lesion site at lumbar cord level (these were interpreted as regenerated axons from the raphe nuclei), 3) the presence of anterograde BDA labeling of corticospinal tract axons at the graft site and below, and 4) fluoro-gold retrograde labeling of neuron populations in motor cortex and in red nucleus, reticulospinal nuclei, raphe nuclei, and vestibular nuclei. We conclude that peripheral nerve grafts and aFGF treatments facilitate the regrowth of the spinal axons and improve hindlimb function in a T-8 spinal cord-transected rat model.
Dual cascade control design for binary distillation columns

In this paper, a linear cascade scheme to control both effluent purities in binary distillation columns with temperature and delayed composition measurements is presented. First, the column input-output behavior is modeled as a set of linear integrators, driven by control inputs and reconstruction load disturbances. This control model yields a linear cascade control scheme with: (i) a purely integral decentralized primary component that, driven by delayed composition measurements, yields the temperature setpoints, (ii) a PI secondary controller that, driven by the temperatures measurements, tracks the temperature setpoints, and (iii) simple tuning guidelines. The methodology only requires six easily-obtainable steady-state parameters with physical meaning. The proposed methodology is applied to a representative example through simulations, yielding smaller quality deviations and faster regulation times than the ones yielded by previous two-point cascade schemes
Effect of Zirconia Nanoparticles in Epoxy-Silica Hybrid Adhesives to Join Aluminum Substrates

This research presents the interaction of the epoxy polymer diglicydil ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) with silica (SiO2) nanoparticles plus zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles obtained via the sol-gel method in the synthesis of an epoxy-silica-zirconia hybrid adhesive cured with polyamide. ZrO2 nanoparticles were added to the epoxy-silica hybrid adhesive produced in situ to modify the apparent shear strength of two adhesively bonded aluminum specimens. The results showed that the addition of different amounts of ZrO2 nanoparticles increased the shear strength of the adhesively bonded aluminum joint, previously treated by sandblasting, immersion in hot water and silanized with a solution of hydrolyzed 3-glycidoxipropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). The morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticles and aluminum surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental analysis was performed with the Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) detector; the chemical groups were investigated during the aluminum surface modification using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
Underwater Fish Tracking for Moving Cameras Based on Deformable Multiple Kernels

Fishery surveys that call for the use of single or multiple underwater cameras have been an emerging technology as a nonextractive mean to estimate the abundance of fish stocks. Tracking live fish in an open aquatic environment posts challenges that are different from general pedestrian or vehicle tracking in surveillance applications. In many rough habitats, fish are monitored by cameras installed on moving platforms, where tracking is even more challenging due to inapplicability of background models. In this paper, a novel tracking algorithm based on the deformable multiple kernels is proposed to address these challenges. Inspired by the deformable part model technique, a set of kernels is defined to represent the holistic object and several parts that are arranged in a deformable configuration. Color histogram, texture histogram, and the histogram of oriented gradients (HOGs) are extracted and serve as object features. Kernel motion is efficiently estimated by the mean-shift algorithm on color and texture features to realize tracking. Furthermore, the HOG-feature deformation costs are adopted as soft constraints on kernel positions to maintain the part configuration. Experimental results on practical video set from underwater moving cameras show the reliable performance of the proposed method with much less computational cost comparing with state-of-the-art techniques.
Positive and Negative Symptoms

The authors assessed the relevance of clinical symptoms to genetic research in schizophrenia in the nuclear families of 65 chronic schizophrenic probands. The morbidity risk for schizophrenia and schizotypal personality (a ‘spectrum’ disorder) was markedly reduced in first-degree relatives of probands with predominant negative symptoms, as compared with relatives of probands with other symptom patterns. The data support the notion that negative-symptom schizophrenia has an attenuated genetic component.
Dynamical membrane curvature instability controlled by intermonolayer friction

We study a dynamical curvature instability caused by a local chemical modification of a phospholipid membrane. In our experiments, a basic solution is microinjected close to a giant unilamellar vesicle, which induces a local chemical modification of some lipids in the external monolayer of the membrane. This modification causes a local deformation of the vesicle, which then relaxes. We present a theoretical description of this instability, taking into account both the change of the equilibrium lipid density and the change of the spontaneous membrane curvature induced by the chemical modification. We show that these two types of changes of the membrane properties yield different dynamics. In contrast, it is impossible to distinguish them when studying the equilibrium shape of a vesicle subjected to a global modification. In our model, the longest relaxation timescale is related to the intermonolayer friction, which plays an important part when there is a change in the equilibrium density in one monolayer. We compare our experimental results to the predictions of our model by fitting the measured time evolution of the deformation height to the solution of our dynamical equations. We obtain good agreement between theory and experiments. Our fits enable us to estimate the intermonolayer friction coefficient, yielding values that are consistent with previous measurements.
Ethnic group membership, phenotype, and perceptions of racial discrimination for Filipino and Chinese Americans: Implications for mental health

ETHNIC GROUP MEMBERSHIP, PHENOTYPE, AND PERCEPTIONS OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION FOR FILIPINO AND CHINESE AMERICANS: IMPLICATIONS FOR MENTAL HEALTH Kevin L. Nadal Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial/ethnic minority group in the United States. However, previous literature tends to focus on Asian Americans as a homogenous group, concentrating mainly on East Asian Americans (e.g., Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Americans) and failing to understand potential differences with other marginalized Asian ethnic groups (e.g., Filipino Americans, Southeast Asians, and/or Pacific Islanders). Furthermore, previous literature has revealed that because of the Model Minority Myth, Asian Americans are prone to specific types of racial discrimination and racial microaggressions (i.e., being treated as a perpetual foreigner or being exocitized) which may be markedly different from Black/African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos. The current investigation examines differences in the perceptions of racial microaggressions and race-related stress between one East Asian American group (Chinese Americans) and one marginalized Asian American group (Filipino Americans). Utilizing an online survey, the sample included a total of 448 Filipino and Chinese Americans of different ages, generation statuses, and geographic locations. Through MANOVA analyses, findings reveal that Filipino Americans would be more likely to experience similar types of racial microaggressions as Black/African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos (i.e., being assumed to be criminal or intellectually inferior) and that phenotype (i.e., skin color, facial features, hair texture, and perception as "Asian") may also contribute to specific forms of racial microaggressions and race-related stress for both groups. Finally, findings reveal that specific types of microaggressions may influence race-related stress for both Filipino and Chinese Americans in unique ways. The findings of the study yield several implications for theory, research, and counseling practice. These include the need to disaggregate research data on Asian American populations, the call to further examine the impact of racial microaggressions on mental health, and the importance of recognizing ethnic group differences in therapeutic contexts in order to be multiculturally competent counselors. Table of
The Overtraining Syndrome : A Meta-Analytic Review

Wyatt FB, Donaldson A, Brown E. The Overtraining Syndrome: A Meta-Analytic Review. JEPonline 2013;16(2):12-23. The overtraining (OT) syndrome has been studied extensively with little agreement as to reliable markers for detection. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide summary quantitative findings of markers (e.g., blood, physiological, and psychological) associated with the OT syndrome. A meta-analytic research design was utilized to investigate selected studies allowing for a coding process to record data. Thirteen studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Markers included samples taken with the subjects in the normal (N) condition and during the OT. The biomarkers consisted of glutamine (um), glutamate (um), cortisol (nmo·L), IL-6 (nm), testosterone (mg·dL), total cholesterol (mg·dL), glucose (mg·dL), leptin (ng·mL), hematocrit (%), hemoglobin (g·L), norepinephrine (pg·mL), epinephrine (pg·mL), and creatine kinase (u·L). Cardiovascular variables included resting heart rate (RHR, beats·min. ), and resting diastolic and systolic blood pressure (DBP and SBP, mmHg). Psychological measures included tension, anger, fatigue, confusion, depression, vigor, sleep, stress, and selfperceptions of physical status. Selected variables (i.e., anger, depression, etc.) were noted in terms of direction (+, -) of change in the OT state compared to the N state. To determine magnitude of difference between N and OT, the effect size calculation of M2-M1/SD1 was used where M2 is the mean of the OT sample, M1 was the mean of the N sample and SD1 is the standard deviation of the N sample. Combined sample size (N) was 238 subjects with the mean time in OT of 6.6 wks. The following are mean (SD) of the combined subject demographics: height (cm) 175.4 (2.4); weight (kg) 71.7 (2.6); body fat (%) 11.8 (0.9); age (yrs) 23.5 (2.03); VO2 max (mL·kg·min) 55.4 (0.8). Mean (SD) biomarker changes from the N state to the OT state
Eocene-Oligocene magnetobiochronology of ODP Sites 689 and 690, Maud Rise, Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Magnetostratigraphic studies of Paleogene sediments piston-cored on Maud Rise, Weddell Sea (ODP Sites 689 and 690), are a cornerstone of Southern Ocean Paleogene and Neogene chronostratigraphy. However, parts of previous magnetostratigraphic interpretations have been called into question, and recent reinvestigation of the upper Paleocene–middle Eocene portion of Site 690 suggested that the records might be contaminated by spurious magnetizations, which raises doubts about the reliability of these important records. We undertook a high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study of Eocene-Oligocene u-channel samples from ODP Holes 689B, 689D, 690B, and 690C in order to address these concerns. A pervasive overprint appears to be present below the middle Eocene, which compromises magnetobiostratigraphic interpretations for the upper Cretaceous and lower Paleogene. Nevertheless, our new results provide a robust record of geomagnetic field behavior from 38.5 to 25 Ma and confirm the reliability of these sediments for calibration of biostratigraphic datum events during a crucial phase of earth history when major Antarctic ice sheets developed. Also, comparison of magnetozone thicknesses in multiple holes at the same site indicates that ∼1.2–1.8 m of the stratigraphic record is missing at each core break, which corresponds to time breaks of 120–360 k.y. Lack of a continuous record within a single hole renders useless spectral analyses for investigating long geomagnetic and paleoclimatic time series. This observation reinforces the need for coring of multiple offset holes to obtain continuous paleoceanographic records. Sedimentary hiatuses have been identified only at the deeper of the two investigated sites (Site 690), which could mark a local response to the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
From tailoring to appropriation support: Negotiating groupware usage

This thesis contributes to the field of collaborative information systems and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). It extends the notion of technological support for design activities "in use" beyond providing the flexibility to tailor collaborative software, to provide means to support the appropriation process of these tools in their application fields. Two long-term studies on the evolution of usages of collaborative software in a German authority and in a network of freelancers in the field of consulting form the foundation of this work. Based on the experience there, it was possible to identify user activities that drive the appropriation process and to establish a perspective on the appropriation of a Groupware as a social process. Appropriation can be described as a collaborative effort of end users, who perform "appropriation activities" to make sense of the software in their work context. Besides activities to configure the software to fit into the technological, organisational and individual work context of the users ('Tailoring'), there is a larger area of technology-related communication, demonstration and negotiation activities aimed at establishing a shared understanding of how a software artefact works and what it can contribute to the shared work context. The mutual shaping of the technology and organisational contexts resemble an ongoing design process that end users perform largely without any involvement of professional
Bayesian harmonic models for musical pitch estimation and analysis

Estimating the pitch of musical signals is complicated by the presence of partials in addition to the fundamental frequency. In this paper, we propose developments to an earlier Bayesian model which describes each component signal in terms of fundamental frequency, partials (‘harmonics’), and amplitude. This basic model is modified for greater realism to include non-white residual spectrum, time-varying amplitudes and partials ‘detuned’ from the natural linear relationship. The unknown parameters of the new model are simulated using a reversible jump MCMC algorithm, leading to a highly accurate pitch estimator. The models and algorithms can be applied for feature extraction, polyphonic music transcription, source separation and restoration of musical sources.
Super-resolution image reconstruction: a technical overview

A new approach toward increasing spatial resolution is required to overcome the limitations of the sensors and optics manufacturing technology. One promising approach is to use signal processing techniques to obtain an high-resolution (HR) image (or sequence) from observed multiple low-resolution (LR) images. Such a resolution enhancement approach has been one of the most active research areas, and it is called super resolution (SR) (or HR) image reconstruction or simply resolution enhancement. In this article, we use the term "SR image reconstruction" to refer to a signal processing approach toward resolution enhancement because the term "super" in "super resolution" represents very well the characteristics of the technique overcoming the inherent resolution limitation of LR imaging systems. The major advantage of the signal processing approach is that it may cost less and the existing LR imaging systems can be still utilized. The SR image reconstruction is proved to be useful in many practical cases where multiple frames of the same scene can be obtained, including medical imaging, satellite imaging, and video applications. The goal of this article is to introduce the concept of SR algorithms to readers who are unfamiliar with this area and to provide a review for experts. To this purpose, we present the technical review of various existing SR methodologies which are often employed. Before presenting the review of existing SR algorithms, we first model the LR image acquisition process.
Cycling of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds in Anaerobically Digested Biosolids and its Implications for Odors

The objectives of this research were to elucidate the mechanisms for production and degradation of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs), key odor causing compounds produced by biosolids. These compounds included methanethiol (MT), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS). A series of experiments were used to probe various pathways hypothesized to produce and degrade these VOSCs. The production of MT was found to mainly occur from degradation of methionine and the methylation of hydrogen sulfide. DMS was formed through the methylation of MT. DMDS was formed by MT oxidation. All three of the VOSCs were readily degraded by methanogens and a cyclic pathway was proposed to describe the production and degradation of VOSCs. The research demonstrated that the main source of VOSCs was the biodegradation of protein within the biosolids and the results provided a framework for understanding the production of odor from anaerobically digested sludges before and after dewatering.
Modeling the Effects of Induction Heating on Arbitrary Shape Memory Alloy Components

The present work examines the effects of high frequency induction heating on shape memory alloy (SMA) components with arbitrary geometries. SMA actuators deliver high forces but are compact and reliable, making them ideal for consideration in aerospace applications. One disadvantage of these thermally driven actuators is their slow time response compared to conventional actuators. By subjecting the SMA component to electromagnetic fields such as those in induction heating enables the component to be heated in seconds. Although induction heating has recently been used to quickly heat SMA components, efforts to date have been purely empirical. This work presents the governing electromagnetic, thermo-mechanical, and constitutive equations needed to approach the problem in a computational manner. The derived equations are implemented in a finite element framework, which can be used for any 3-D arbitrary coil or SMA geometry and relative positioning. The time-harmonic electromagnetic equations are solved for the Joule heat power field, and then the energy and linear momentum equations are solved for the temperature and displacement fields. The 3-D model is implemented in the Abaqus Unified FEA software using a Python script approach and applied to two example cases: an SMA torque tube and an SMA bending beam actuator. The torque tube model is validated against induction heating experiments and agrees well. A study of flux concentrator properties and positions relative to the SMA actuator is shown, which demonstrates a reduction in the time required to heat. To accommodate future optimization work, the developed model is reduced from 3-D to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) in time for the case of a thin walled SMA torque tube, which assumes negligible gradients in all fields. The ODE solution agrees well with experiments and is able to
Resolving query translation ambiguity using a decaying co-occurrence model and syntactic dependence relations

Bilingual dictionaries have been commonly used for query translation in cross-language information retrieval (CLIR). However, we are faced with the problem of translation selection. Several recent studies suggested the utilization of term co-occurrences in this selection. This paper presents two extensions to improve them. First, we extend the basic co-occurrence model by adding a decaying factor that decreases the mutual information when the distance between the terms increases. Second, we incorporate a triple translation model, in which syntactic dependence relations (represented as triples) are integrated. Our evaluation on translation accuracy shows that translating triples as units is more precise than a word-by-word translation. Our CLIR experiments show that the addition of the decaying factor leads to substantial improvements of the basic co-occurrence model; and the triple translation model brings further improvements.
Scopolamine‐induced cognitive impairment as a predictor of cognitive decline in healthy elderly volunteers

There are theoretical grounds for believing that scopolamine‐induced cognitive deficit may be predictive of future cognitive decline. In the present study, 22 healthy elderly volunteers were reassessed 3 years after a scopolamine challenge. Although there was little overall change in mean cognitive test scores over time, in two out of 10 tests scopolamine‐induced decrement was related to subsequent decline.