Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aggression among Annamalai University Students

In present days aggression is found to be one of the common problems among adolescents. It is found that throughout the most recent couple of years, aggression and violence levels have drastically increased among adolescents [1]. Aggression negatively affects student’s academic achievement, emotional, mental as well as psychological development and academic performance, schools environment and if not controlled early, it may cause incidents of violence in the future too [2]. It also leads to violence and criminal activities while as in some cases it is closely associated with psychopathic behavior. Aggression can be shown physically as well as verbally. Physical aggression involves harming others by kicking, hitting, stabbing, or shooting them. And verbal aggression involves harming others verbally viz. name calling, yelling, swearing as well as screaming.
Fraternities and Sororities Shaping the Campus Climate of Personal and Social Responsibility

Abstract Data from 9,760 college students on 20 campuses were used to explore the extent to which fraternity and sorority organizations assert an influence over the manner in which students experience the climate for personal and social responsibility while in college. Results demonstrated greater exposure to fraternities and sororities can function to both enhance and detract from the ways in which students experience a climate that reinforces the ideal of contributing to a larger community.
Application of Nonlinear Optical Microscopy for Imaging Skin †

Recent advances in the use of nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) in skin microscopy are presented. Nonresonant spectroscopies including second harmonic generation, coherent anti‐Stokes Raman and two‐photon absorption are described and applications to problems in skin biology are detailed. These nonlinear techniques have several advantages over traditional microscopy methods that rely on one‐photon excitation: intrinsic 3D imaging with <1 μm spatial resolution, decreased photodamage to tissue samples and penetration depths up to 1000 μm with the use of near‐infrared lasers. Thanks to these advantages, nonlinear optical spectroscopy has become a powerful tool to study the physical and biochemical properties of the skin. Structural information can be obtained using the response of endogenous chemical species in the skin, such as collagen or lipids, indicating that optical biopsy may replace current invasive, time‐consuming traditional histology methods. Insertion of specific probe molecules into the skin provides the opportunity to monitor specific biochemical processes such as skin transport, molecular penetration, barrier homeostasis and ultraviolet radiation‐induced reactive oxygen species generation. While the field is quite new, it seems likely that the use of NLOM to probe structure and biochemistry of live skin samples will only continue to grow.
Gaps in protest activities between natives and individuals of migrant origin in Europe

This article explores gaps in protest engagement between natives and individuals of migrant origin in European cities. It examines migrant–native gaps and second generation–native gaps by associating them with different sources of inequalities: differential individual socio-economic status resources, differential attitudes, and differential characteristics related to migration; differential effects of such factors for natives and for individuals of migrant origin; and differential contexts offering varying opportunities of participation. The study uses cross-national micro-data from a population survey of immigrant-origin individuals and natives in 9 European cities undertaken in 2004–2008. The findings show that observed inequalities in protest participation involving migrants and second generations are largely based on different levels of education attained and of political interest. Some migration-related characteristics, like holding the citizenship of the host country and experienced discrimination, affect protest gaps as well. In addition, results support the claimed importance of the context where individuals of migrant origin settle, in particular, of the characteristics of the citizenship regime. Finally, our findings support a segmented assimilation hypothesis whereby different socio-economic modes of incorporation of ethnic groups in the host cities affect different trajectories of political incorporation.
Fractal measures for meromorphic functions of finite order

We prove several essential fractal properties, such as positivity, finiteness or local infinity, of Hausdorff and packing measures of radial Julia sets for large subclasses of entire and meromorphic functions considered in our previous work: çGeometric thermodynamical formalism and real analyticity for meromorphic functions of finite order'. Most of the results proven are shown to be optimal.
Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Combined Oral laxatives Medication for BOwel PREParation (COMBO-PREP study)

AbstractThe combination of different laxatives at reduced volumes may benefit patients by enhancing efficacy for bowel cleansing and increasing tolerability. However, evidence regarding combined preparations is scarce. This study evaluated whether the combined preparations are associated with enhanced efficacy and tolerability.This randomized phase II study had a single-blind, parallel-arm design.Between December 2013 and September 2014, consecutive patients aged between 20 and 65 years and who required diagnostic colonoscopies were considered for inclusion. Patients were randomly allocated into 4 arms: sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate (PMC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) with ascorbic acid in a day-prior (PMC-PEG-DP), PMC and oral sodium phosphate (NaP) in a day-prior (PMC-NaP-DP), PMC and PEG with ascorbic acid in a split-dose (PMC-PEG-SD), and PMC and oral NaP in a split-dose (PMC-NaP-SD). Primary endpoint was the Aronchick scale, and Ottawa scale results by colon segment, patients’ adverse gastrointestinal symptoms, and willingness to reuse the same agents were also recorded. Successful bowel preparation was defined as an “excellent” or “good” score on the Aronchick scale.A total of 236 patients were randomized and 229 patients received the planned colonoscopy. The rates of successful bowel preparation in the PMC-PEG-DP, PMC-NaP-DP, PMC-PEG-SD, and PMC-NaP-SD were 82.5%, 64.4%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Excluding the failed PMC-NaP-DP group, all groups showed satisfactory rates of successful bowel preparation, and the mean Ottawa scores were significantly better in the PMC-PEG-SD and PMC-NaP-SD groups than in the PMC-PEG-DP group (P < 0.0001). The PMC-PEG-DP, PMC-NaP-DP, PMC-PEG-SD, and PMC-NaP-SD groups were similar in terms of rates of adverse gastrointestinal symptoms reported on a 5-point scale (P = 0.40) and willingness to reuse the same combined preparations (P = 0.55). PMC-PEG in a day-prior or split-dose and PMC-NaP in a split-dose were efficient and tolerable bowel preparations for colonoscopy.
Health care utilization among migrant Latino farmworkers: the case of skin disease.

CONTEXT Skin diseases are common occupational illnesses for migrant farmworkers. Farmworkers face many barriers in accessing health care resources. PURPOSE Framed by the Health Behavior Model, the purpose of this study was to assess health care utilization for skin disease by migrant Latino farmworkers. METHODS Three hundred and four migrant and seasonal Latino farmworkers in North Carolina were enrolled in a longitudinal study of skin disease and health care utilization over a single agricultural season. Self-reported and dermatologist-diagnosed skin condition data were collected at baseline and at up to 4 follow-up assessments. Medical visit rates were compared to national norms. FINDINGS Self-reported skin problems and diagnosed skin disease were common among farmworkers. However, only 34 health care visits were reported across the entire agricultural season, and none of the visits were for skin diseases. Nevertheless, self-treatment for skin conditions was common, including use of non-prescription preparations (63%), prescription products (9%), and home remedies (6%). General medical office visits were reported in 3.2% of the assessments, corresponding to 1.6 office visits per person year. CONCLUSIONS The migrant farmworker population consists largely of young men who make little use of clinic services. Skin conditions are very common among these workers, but use of medical services for these conditions is not common. Instead, farmworkers rely primarily on self-treatment. Clinic-based studies of farmworker skin conditions will not account for most injury or disease in this population and have the potential for biased estimates.
Bull-markets are born on pessimism , grow on skepticism , mature on optimism and die on euphoria

The booms and busts in U.S. stock prices over the post-war period can to a large extent be explained by uctuations in investorssubjective capital gains expectations. Survey measures of these expectations display excessive optimism at market peaks and excessive pessimism at market throughs. Formally incorporating subjective price beliefs into an otherwise standard asset pricing model with utility maximizing investors, we show how subjective belief dynamics can temporarily delink stock prices from their fundamental value and give rise to asset price booms that ultimately result in a price bust. The model successfully replicates (1) the volatility of stock prices and (2) the positive correlation between the price dividend ratio and expected returns observed in survey data. We show that models imposing objective or rational price expectations cannot simultaneously account for both facts. Our ndings imply that large part of U.S. stock price uctuations are not due to standard fundamental forces, instead result from self-reinforcing belief dynamics triggered by these fundamentals. JEL Class. No.: G12, D84 Bull-markets are born on pessimism, grow on skepticism, mature on optimism and die on euphoria Sir John Templeton, Founder of Templeton Mutual Funds
Capecitabine in combination with preoperative radiation therapy in locally advanced, resectable, rectal cancer: a multicentric phase II study.

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to evaluate tolerance and efficacy of preoperative treatment with capecitabine in combination with radiation therapy (RT) in patients with locally advanced, resectable, rectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-three patients with potentially resectable T3, N0-2 (87%) and T4, N0-2 (13%) rectal cancer were treated with capecitabine (825 mg/m2, twice daily for 7 days/week) and concomitant RT (50.4 Gy/28 fractions). Patients underwent surgery after 6-8 weeks followed, upon physician's indications, by 4-months adjuvant capecitabine. The primary end point was to determine the rate of pathologic complete response. Secondary end points were to assess the rate of clinical response and the safety profile. RESULTS All patients but two completed the RT programme and 47 (89%) received 81%-100% of the capecitabine dose (100% of dose in 72% patients, 81%-95% in 17% patients and 48%-74% in 11% of patients). No patient had grade 4 toxicity. Grade 3 toxicity occurred in six patients (11%) and consisted mainly of leucopenia (4%) and hand-foot syndrome (4%). Mild or moderate toxicity was common and included leucopenia (72%), diarrhea (40%), proctitis (34%) and skin toxicity (20%). The overall clinical response rate was 58% and the downstaging rate was 57%, with a pathologic complete response rate of 24%. Among 34 patients with low-lying tumors (<or=5 cm from anal verge), 20 (59%) had a sphincter-saving operation. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine and RT appeared to be effective in locally advanced resectable, rectal cancer. The favorable safety profile of the combination might warrant the use of capecitabine and RT with other effective new drugs.
“It's Like Fighting for Survival”: How Rejected Black African Asylum Seekers Experience Living Conditions in an Eastern German State

ABSTRACT This article explores how Black African asylum seekers in an eastern German state experienced living conditions and the forms of agency they exhibited to redress the stressful circumstances of everyday life. The article draws on 12 in-depth interviews with rejected Black African asylum seekers and ethnographic research. Participants experienced various socio-environmental stressors and the absence of resources that affected their well-being and were injurious to their human rights. Their responses were embedded in different practices tied to the accumulation of capital that buffered stress and contested repressive asylum laws. The implications of the study for policy and advocacy are discussed.
On the usability of gesture interfaces in virtual reality environments

This paper discusses several usability issues related to the use of gestures as an input mode in multimodal interfaces. The use of gestures has been suggested before as a natural solution for applications that require hands-free and notouch interaction with computers, such as in virtual reality (VR) environments. We introduce a simple but robust 2D computer vision based gesture recognition system that was successfully used for interaction in VR environments such as CAVEs and Powerwalls. This interface was tested under 3 different scenarios, as a regular pointing device in a GUI interface, as a navigation tool, and as a visualization tool. Our experiments show that the time to completion of simple pointing tasks is considerably slower when compared to a mouse and that its use during even short periods of time causes fatigue. Despite, these drawbacks, the use of gestures as an alternative mode in multimodal interfaces offers several advantages, such as quick access to computing resources that might be embedded in the environment, using a natural and intuitive way, and that scales nicely to group and collaborative applications, where gestures can be used sporadically.
Comparing student, instructor, classroom and institutional data to evaluate a seven-year department-wide science education initiative

Abstract We compared seven unrelated data-sets to evaluate a major education improvement initiative. Perceptions of students in 54 course sections were surveyed regarding the helpfulness of 39 specific teaching or learning strategies, and relative workloads and enthusiasm were compared to their other courses. Classes were observed using an established protocol, instructors completed a teaching practices inventory, and their experience with evidence-based pedagogies was established. A graduation exit survey provided longitudinal indications of changes prior to the study, and institutional student ratings of instruction were obtained. This study sought to determine whether improvements were consistently revealed by these data, how perceptions depended upon class size, course improvement model and instructor experience, and whether student ratings captured consistent perceptions about effectiveness. Overall, results compared favourably. Student perceptions and observed effectiveness depended mainly upon class size and improvement strategy. Students found experiences more effective in courses taught by experienced instructors and in classes observed to be more active. Relative workloads were not correlated with any measure of effectiveness while relative enthusiasm was higher in courses perceived to be more effective. Student ratings were consistent with other data-sets, although they did not provide information specific enough for informing further improvements.
Semantic Ambiguity and Syntactic Bootstrapping: The Case of Conjoined-Subject Intransitive Sentences

ABSTRACT When learning verb meanings, learners capitalize on universal linguistic correspondences between syntactic and semantic structure. For instance, upon hearing the transitive sentence “the boy is glorping the girl,” 2-year-olds prefer a two-participant event (e.g., a boy making a girl spin) over two simultaneous one-participant events (a boy and a girl separately spinning). However, 2- and 3-year-olds do not consistently show the opposite preference when hearing conjoined-subject intransitive sentences (“the boy and the girl are glorping”). We hypothesized that such difficulties arise in part from the indeterminacy of the mapping between intransitive syntax and events in the world: a conjoined-subject intransitive sentence can be matched by the one-participant event (if “glorp” means “spin”), both events (“play”), or even the two-participant event (“fight”). A preferential looking study provided evidence for this hypothesis: sentences that plausibly block most non-target interpretations for novel verbs (“the boy and the umbrella are glorping”) eliminated the asymmetric difficulty associated with conjoined-subject intransitives. Thus, while conjoined-subject intransitives clearly pose some special challenges for syntax-guided word learning (“syntactic bootstrapping”) by novices (Gertner & Fisher, 2012), children’s difficulties with this sentence type also reflect expected performance in situations of semantic ambiguity. In discussion, we consider the interacting effects of syntactic- and message-level indeterminacy.
Gαolf Mutation Allows Parsing the Role of cAMP-Dependent and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Signaling in l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-Induced Dyskinesia

Although l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) remains the reference treatment of Parkinson's disease, its long-term beneficial effects are hindered by l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). In the dopamine (DA)-denervated striatum, l-DOPA activates DA D1 receptor (D1R) signaling, including cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), two responses associated with LID. However, the cause of PKA and ERK activation, their respective contribution to LID, and their relationship are not known. In striatal neurons, D1R activates adenylyl-cyclase through Gαolf, a protein upregulated after lesion of DA neurons in rats and in patients. We report here that increased Gαolf levels in hemiparkinsonian mice are correlated with LID after chronic l-DOPA treatment. To determine the role of this upregulation, we performed unilateral lesion in mice lacking one allele of the Gnal gene coding for Gαolf (Gnal+/−). Despite an increase in the lesioned striatum, Gαolf levels remained below those of unlesioned wild-type mice. In Gnal+/− mice, the lesion-induced l-DOPA stimulation of cAMP/PKA-mediated phosphorylation of GluA1 Ser845 and DARPP-32 (32 kDa DA- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein) Thr34 was dramatically reduced, whereas ERK activation was preserved. LID occurrence was similar in Gnal+/+ and Gnal+/− mice after a 10-d l-DOPA (20 mg/kg) treatment. Thus, in lesioned animals, Gαolf upregulation is critical for the activation by l-DOPA of D1R-stimulated cAMP/PKA but not ERK signaling. Although the cAMP/PKA pathway appears to be required for LID development, our results indicate that its activation is unlikely to be the main source of LID. In contrast, the persistence of l-DOPA-induced ERK activation in Gnal+/− mice supports its causal role in LID development.
Transformational Leadership dan Commitment to Change: Dimediasi oleh Readiness for Change Studi Pada Karyawan PT. Telkom Divisi Regional V Surabaya

Organizational change is a process whereby an organization change from the current state to the desired state to increase its effectiveness. These changes required the support of a leader, management, and all employees. The change will be successful if all of the organization's role in it. Someone who has a transformational leadership style will affect the readiness for change that will impact on the development and formation of commitment to change from employees. This study aimed to analyze the effect of transformational leadership toward commitment to change with readiness for change as a mediating variable. The variables used in this study are: transformational leadership, readiness for change, and commitment to change. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey method and supported by primary data from interviews and questionnaires. This study uses primary data from 70 employees, where the data is retrieved using a questionnaire distributed to permanent employees of PT. Telkom Divisi Regional V Surabaya. The analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (SmartPLS 3.0). The results showed that transformational leadership does not have a significant effect on the commitment to change, transformational leadership has a significant effect on the readiness for change, and readiness for change has a significant effect on the commitment to change. This means that the readiness for change proved to be a mediating variable and fully mediate between transformational leadership and commitment to change. Keyword: Transformational Leadership, Readiness for Change, and Commitment to Change
Acquired Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Bedaquiline

Bedaquiline (BDQ), an ATP synthase inhibitor, is the first drug to be approved for treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in decades. In vitro resistance to BDQ was previously shown to be due to target-based mutations. Here we report that non-target based resistance to BDQ, and cross-resistance to clofazimine (CFZ), is due to mutations in Rv0678, a transcriptional repressor of the genes encoding the MmpS5-MmpL5 efflux pump. Efflux-based resistance was identified in paired isolates from patients treated with BDQ, as well as in mice, in which it was confirmed to decrease bactericidal efficacy. The efflux inhibitors verapamil and reserpine decreased the minimum inhibitory concentrations of BDQ and CFZ in vitro, but verapamil failed to increase the bactericidal effect of BDQ in mice and was unable to reverse efflux-based resistance in vivo. Cross-resistance between BDQ and CFZ may have important clinical implications.
Does information change behavior

This paper reviews and synthesizes the theory of information economics and empirical evidence on how information changes the behavior of consumers, households and firms. I show that consumers respond to new information in food experiments but perhaps not in retirement account management. Some seeming perverse consumer/investor decision making may be a result of a complex decision with a low expected payoff.