Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active (9.6 S) and Inactive (21 S) Oligomers of NHE3 in Microdomains of the Renal Brush Border*

We have previously shown that Na+-H+ exchanger isoform NHE3 exists as both 9.6 and 21 S (megalin-associated) oligomers in the renal brush border (1). To characterize the oligomeric forms of the renal brush border Na+-H+ exchanger in more detail, we performed membrane fractionation studies. We found that similar amounts of NHE3 were present in microvilli and a nonmicrovillar membrane domain of high density (dense vesicles). Horseradish peroxidase-labeled endosomes were not prevalent in the dense membrane fraction. However, megalin, which localizes primarily to the intermicrovillar microdomain of the brush border, was enriched in the dense vesicles, implicating this microdomain as the likely source of these membranes. Immunolocalization of NHE3 confirmed that a major fraction of the transporter colocalized with megalin in the intermicrovillar region of the brush border. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that in microvilli the majority of NHE3 was not bound to megalin, while in the dense vesicles most of the NHE3 coprecipitated with megalin. Moreover, sucrose velocity gradient centrifugation experiments revealed that most NHE3 in microvilli sedimented with an S value of 9.6, while the S value of NHE3 in dense vesicles was 21. Finally, we examined the functional state of NHE3 in both membrane fractions. As assayed by changes in acridine orange fluorescence, imposing an outwardly directed Na+ gradient caused generation of an inside acid pH gradient in the microvilli, indicating Na+-H+exchange activity, but not in the dense vesicles. Taken together, these data demonstrate that renal brush border NHE3 exists in two oligomeric states: a 9.6 S active form present in microvilli and a 21 S, megalin-associated, inactive form in the intermicrovillar microdomain of the apical plasma membrane. Thus, regulation of renal brush border Na+-H+ exchange activity may be mediated by shifting the distribution between these forms of NHE3.
Communications of the Association for Information Systems Green Information Systems: Directives for the Is Discipline Recommended Citation Green Information Systems: Directives for the Is Discipline

Green IS offers the promise for IS scholars to make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the effects of global climate change and other environmental problems. While significant achievements have been made in shaping Green IS as a subfield in the IS discipline, the emergence of Green IS is still by far too slow, given the magnitude of the problem. Against this background a panel was organized at ICIS 2012 in order to discuss future directives for the IS discipline. This article, co-authored by the panelists, reports on the major issues raised by this panel. First, the article gives an account of major achievements in the field of Green IS. Second, it presents five specific directives which we agree are important for the future of our discipline.
Reducing the Power Consumption in Networks-on-Chip through Data Coding Schemes

This work investigates the reduction of power consumption in networks-on-chip (NoCs) through the reduction of transition activity using data coding schemes developed for bus-based systems and proposes a new coding scheme suitable for NoC-based systems. The estimation of the NoC power consumption was performed with basis on macromodels which reproduce the power consumption on each internal NoC module according to the transition activity on its input ports. Such macromodels were embedded in a system model and a series of simulations were performed, aiming to analyze the trade-off between the power savings due to coding techniques versus the power consumption overhead due to the encoding and decoding modules. The proposed coding scheme presented the best results for all of the simulated traffic patterns, when compared to other coding schemes found in the literature.
Using Ipomoea aquatic as an environmental-friendly alternative to Elodea nuttallii for the aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab

Elodea nuttallii is widely used in Chinese mitten crab (CMC) rearing practice, but it is not a native aquatic plant and cannot endure high temperature. Thus, large E. nuttallii mortality and water deterioration events could occur during high-temperature seasons. The aim of this study was to identify the use of local macrophytes in CMC rearing practice, including Ipomoea aquatic and Oryza sativa. A completely randomized field experiment was conducted to investigate the crab yield, water quality, bacterioplankton community and functions in the three different systems (E. nuttallii, I. aquatic, and O. sativa). Average crab yields in the different macrophyte systems did not differ significantly. The I. aquatic and O. sativa systems significantly decreased the total nitrogen and nitrate-N quantities in the outflow waters during the rearing period compared to the E. nuttallii system, and the I. aquatic and O. sativa plants assimilated more nitrogen than the E. nuttallii plant. Moreover, the significant changes of bacterioplankton abundances and biodiversity in the three systems implied that cleanliness of rearing waters was concomitantly attributed to the differential microbial community and functions. In addition, principle component analysis successfully differentiated the bacterioplankton communities of the three macrophytes systems. Environmental factor fitting and the co-occurrence network analyses indicated that pH was the driver of bacterioplankton community structure. Functional predictions using PICRUSt (v.1.1.3) software based on evolutionary modeling indicated a higher potential for microbial denitrification in the I. aquatic and O. sativa systems. Notably, the O. sativa plants stopped growing in the middle of the rearing period. Thus, the I. aquatic system rather than the O. sativa system could be a feasible and environmental-friendly alternative to the E. nuttallii system in CMC rearing practice.
Protective Potential of Antioxidant Enzymes as Vaccines for Schistosomiasis in a Non-Human Primate Model

Schistosomiasis remains a major cause of morbidity in the world. The challenge today is not so much in the clinical management of individual patients, but rather in population-based control of transmission in endemic areas. Despite recent large-scale efforts, such as integrated control programs aimed at limiting schistosomiasis by improving education and sanitation, molluscicide treatment programs and chemotherapy with praziquantel, there has only been limited success. There is an urgent need for complementary approaches, such as vaccines. We demonstrated previously that anti-oxidant enzymes, such as Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S peroxidase (GPX), when administered as DNA-based vaccines induced significant levels of protection in inbred mice, greater than the target 40% reduction in worm burden compared to controls set as a minimum by the WHO. These results led us to investigate if immunization of non-human primates with antioxidants would stimulate an immune response that could confer protection as a prelude study for human trials. Issues of vaccine toxicity and safety that were difficult to address in mice were also investigated. All baboons in the study were examined clinically throughout the study and no adverse reactions occurred to the immunization. When our outbred baboons were vaccinated with two different formulations of SOD (SmCT-SOD and SmEC-SOD) or one of GPX (SmGPX), they showed a reduction in worm number to varying degrees, when compared with the control group. More pronounced, vaccinated animals showed decreased bloody diarrhea, days of diarrhea, and egg excretion (transmission), as well as reduction of eggs in the liver tissue and in the large intestine (pathology) compared to controls. Specific IgG antibodies were present in sera after immunizations and 10 weeks after challenge infection compared to controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, mesenteric, and inguinal node cells from vaccinated animals proliferated and produced high levels of cytokines and chemokines in response to crude and recombinant antigens compared with controls. All together, these data demonstrate the potential of antioxidants as a vaccine in a non-human primate model.
THE ECOLOGY OF BODY SIZE IN A SEED BEETLE, STATOR LIMBATUS: PERSISTENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION ACROSS GENERATIONS?

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Development and Validation of a Circumplex Measure of the Interpersonal Culture in Work Teams and Organizations

Interpersonal circumplex (IPC) inventories assess a range of dispositions but can condense and compare their findings within a circular model defined by two factors: agency and communion. Whereas other IPC inventories assess individuals, the current research introduces IPC inventories assessing the interpersonal culture (interaction and communication norms) characterizing an entire organization or team—namely, the Circumplex Culture Scan (CCS) and Circumplex Team Scan (CTS). Across an initial development sample (n = 1676), online validation sample (CCS, n = 808; CTS, n = 832), and onsite validation sample (CCS, n = 516 respondents from 21 organizations; CTS, n = 347 respondents from 38 teams), the eight 8-item CCS/CTS octant scales demonstrated good internal consistencies, circumplex properties, reliable within-group agreement and between-group variance (thus justifying aggregation across an organization/team), and convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity in relation to other measures. According to their members, the organizations/teams with the most satisfied members and customers/clients were organizations/teams with considerably stronger communal (e.g., being open and respectful) than uncommunal (e.g., being rude and guarded) norms and somewhat stronger agentic (e.g., being eager and assertive) than unagentic (e.g., being cautious and quiet) norms. The CCS/CTS complements existing IPC and organizational culture measures and helps bridge the IPC and organizational literatures.
Reranking Translation Hypotheses Using Structural Properties

We investigate methods that add syntactically motivated features to a statistical machine translation system in a reranking framework. The goal is to analyze whether shallow parsing techniques help in identifying ungrammatical hypotheses. We show that improvements are possible by utilizing supertagging, lightweight dependency analysis, a link grammar parser and a maximum-entropy based chunk parser. Adding features to n-best lists and discriminatively training the system on a development set increases the BLEU score up to 0.7% on the test set.
Community-Dwelling Adults Versus Older Adults: Psychopathology and the Continuum Hypothesis

Little empirical evidence is available on older adults regarding the existence of a continuum between “normal” personality traits and DSM-IV-TR Axes I and II disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Given the typical complexity of clinical presentations in advanced age, it is feasible to expect a dimensional conceptualization of psychopathology to apply to older adults. In this pilot investigation, we first tested age differences in psychopathology, upholding the view that older adults should be considered separately from younger individuals in research on psychopathology. Then, in support of the dimensional approach, we tested the hypothesized continuity between normality and psychopathology by verifying the fulfillment of two operational criteria of continuity. A nonclinical sample of 100 Italian respondents was divided into two groups (50 people per group, 25 women and 25 men), aged 25–64 and 65–84, respectively. The instruments used were a measure of normal personality, SFERAS (Boncori & Barruffi, 2004) and one of Axes I and II psychopathology, TALEIA-400A (Boncori, 2007). A MANOVA demonstrated a significant effect on both measures, with older adults achieving higher Axis I scores and higher scores on normal personality traits connected to anxiety. The continuum hypothesis was confirmed on older and younger adults through correlational analyses that verified the fulfillment of both continuity criteria. Our results show that Italian older adults differ significantly in psychopathology from younger individuals; however, contrary to findings from other countries, in a negative direction. The continuity results (although in need of replication with larger samples, utilizing statistical methods better suited for these analyses such as taxometric procedures) offer preliminary support for the notion that the dimensional approach to psychopathology could work well in older age.
Impact of chlorhexidine cleansing of the umbilical cord on cord separation time and neonatal mortality in comparison to dry cord care – a nursery-based randomized controlled trial

Abstract Aim: To study the impact of chlorhexidine cleansing of the umbilical cord on cord separation time and neonatal mortality in comparison to dry cord care. Methods: This is the secondary analysis of the data of the study which was conducted in the NICU of a teaching hospital in north India between 2010 and 2011. Newborns (>32 weeks of gestation and weighing >1500 g) were randomized into chlorhexidine application and dry cord care groups. Here, we analyze the data regarding time of cord separation, umbilical sepsis and mortality in both the groups. Results: One hundred and forty (dry care group 70, chlorhexidine group 70) were enrolled and finally analyzed. A significant difference was observed among groups in terms of time to cord separation (8.92 ± 2.77 days versus 10.31 ± 3.23 days; t = 2.20; p = 0.02, significant) and neonatal mortality (χ2 = 4.11; p = 0.042, significant). Conclusion: Use of chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care shortens duration of cord separation and decreases neonatal mortality in NICU. This simple intervention can be used as mode for decreasing neonatal mortality.
On the origins of part-time radio pulsars

Growing evidence suggests that some radio pulsars only act sporadically. These ‘part-time’ pulsars include long-term nulls, quasi-periodic radio flares in PSR B1931+24, as well as the so-called Rotating Radio Transients (RRATs). Based on the assumption that these objects are isolated neutron stars similar to conventional radio pulsars, we discuss two possible interpretations to the phenomenon. The first interpretation suggests that these objects are pulsars slightly below the radio emission ‘death line’, which become occasionally active only when the conditions for pair production and coherent emission are satisfied. The second interpretation invokes a radio emission direction reversal in conventional pulsars, as has been introduced to interpret the peculiar mode changing phenomenon in PSR B1822−09. In this picture, our line of sight misses the main radio emission beam of the pulsar but happens to sweep the emission beam when the radio emission direction is reversed. These part-time pulsars are therefore the other half of ‘nulling’ pulsars. We suggest that X-ray observations may provide clues to differentiate between these two possibilities.
Singularity avoidance for collapsing quantum dust in the Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi model

We investigate the fate of the classical singularity in a collapsing dust cloud. For this purpose, we quantize the marginally bound Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi model for spherically-symmetric dust collapse by considering each dust shell in the cloud individually, taking the outermost shell as a representative. Because the dust naturally provides a preferred notion of time, we can construct a quantum mechanical model for this shell and demand unitary evolution for wave packets. It turns out that the classical singularity can generically be avoided provided the quantization ambiguities fulfill some weak conditions. We demonstrate that the collapse to a singularity is replaced by a bounce followed by an expansion. We finally construct a quantum corrected spacetime describing bouncing dust collapse and calculate the time from collapse to expansion.
Older Voices: Supporting Community Radio Production for Civic Participation in Later Life

Community radio can support the process of having a voice in one's community as a part of civic action, and promote community dialogue. However, older adults are underrepresented as producers of community radio shows in the UK, and face different challenges to their younger colleagues. By working within the radio production group of an existing organisation of older adults, we identify the motivations and challenges in supporting this type of civic participation in media in later life. Key challenges were identified, including audience engagement, content persistence and process sustainability. In response, we 1) supported the group's audience engagement using Facebook Live and a phone-in option, and 2) developed a digital production tool. Reporting on the continued use of the tool by the organisation, we discuss how tailored and non-intrusive processes mediated by digital technology can support older adults in delivering richer media experiences whilst serving their civic participatory interests.
A 27 GHz, 14 dBm CMOS Power Amplifier Using 0.18 $\mu {\rm m}$  Common-Source MOSFETs

A Ka-band three-stage CMOS power amplifier was designed and fabricated using 0.18 mum gate-length common-source transistors. For low loss and accurate matching networks for the amplifier, a substrate-shielded microstrip-line was used with good modeling accuracy up to 40 GHz. The measured insertion loss was 0.5 dB/mm at 25 GHz. The three-stage amplifier achieved a 14.5 dB small-signal gain, 14 dBm output power, and 13.2% power-added-efficiency at 27 GHz in a compact chip area of 0.84 mm2. The measured gain was the highest for Ka-band power amplifiers using common-source transistors. These results were achieved at a voltage compatible with deep sub-micrometer CMOS technology.
Comparison of leptin concentrations between infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and fertile women

Background: Some studies propose that changes in leptin concentrations (above or under the normal range) result in infertility. Therefore, we investigated serum and follicular fluid leptin concentrations in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Objective: To study serum and follicular fluid leptin concentrations in infertile women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study. The case group consisted of 30 infertile women with PCOS who were admitted to the Infertility Department of Imam Khomainy Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The control group consisted of 30 healthy fertile women adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) with the case group. On day 14 of the menstrual cycle, 5 ml of blood was obtained from subjects in both groups. Serum and follicular fluid leptin concentrations were determined by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A Biovendor kit was used for the measurement of leptin concentrations. All data were analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software (version 17.0, Nie, Bent & Hull, USA). Results: There was a significant correlation between BMI and serum leptin concentrations in both the control (p=0.005, r=0.516) and case groups (p=0.006, r=0.547). In the case group, serum leptin concentrations were consistent with follicular fluid leptin concentrations (p<0.001, r=0.839). Comparison of serum leptin concentrations between the case and control groups revealed no significant difference (p=0.56). Conclusion: Infertility among women with PCOS was not a consequence of changes in leptin concentrations.
The Biological Characters of B. actinoides Variety Muris

The isolation of a pleomorphic encapsulated micro6rganism from exudate in the middle ear cavity of naturally infected albino rats has been previously reported (Nelson, 1930a). The peculiar morphological characters were deemed sufficient to identify it tentatively as B. actinoides. A more extended study of the organism confirmed the classification but revealed certain differences from the type species originally isolated by T. Smith (1918) from the pneumonic lungs of calves. The biological characters of the rat type are presented in detail and compared in particular instances with those of the original species derived from the calf.
Chronic Infection of Domestic Cats with Feline Morbillivirus, United States

To the Editor: Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) was first reported in Hong Kong and mainland China in 2012 (1) and has been associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis, the histopathologic correlate of idiopathic chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, this association has not been proven by studies in FeMV-naive animals. In 2013, phylogenetically related strains were found in Japan, indicating broader geographic distribution in Asia (2). The lack of complete genome sequences for strains from other regions prevents assessment of the clinical relevance and genetic diversity of FeMV. Classical morbilliviruses, such as measles and canine distemper viruses, have a global distribution, suggesting that FeMV might be present elsewhere in the world (3). To confirm the presence of FeMV and assess its genetic diversity and infection patterns in the United States, we collected and analyzed urine samples from domestic cats.