Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TASK-BASED INSTRUCTION

L'enseignement base sur des travaux est un domaine ayant pris de l'importance depuis les 10 dernieres annees. Dans cet article, l'A. examine les critiques concernant cette mode actuelle de l'enseignement de la langue en matiere de communication, et passe en revue les theories et les recherches qui decrivent ses limites et ses qualites. Il propose ensuite un cadre permettant d'habiliter les enseignants a appliquer ce type d'instruction et d'eviter ainsi certains dangers qu'il comprend
Finding a Student Voice in School Reform: student disaffection, pathologies of disruption and educational control

ABSTRACT This paper explores the nature and impact of state interventions into student behaviour in schools. Of particular concern is the maintenance of behaviourist analyses and practices within a changing rubric of impaired student pathology. The invention of Attention Deficit Disorder Syndrome is convenient to education departments struggling to maintain failing students who in previous times were jettisoned from schools into the unskilled labour market. In responding to changing student contexts, this paper reports on a project where students identified the educational needs of 13 to 15 year olds. Their findings speak to ways of confronting what John Furlong (1991) refers to as the ‘hidden injuries’ of schooling.
NtcA-Regulated Heterocyst Differentiation Genes hetC and devB from Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120 Exhibit a Similar Tandem Promoter Arrangement

ABSTRACT Transcription of the hetC gene, whose product is required for heterocyst differentiation, takes place from a long promoter region that includes the previously described HetR-independent, NtcA-activated promoter producing transcripts with a 5′ end corresponding to position −571 with respect to the translational start site of hetC. Northern blot analysis indicated that the accumulation of hetC transcripts depends on HetR, and a second transcriptional start site located at position −293 that leads to NtcA-dependent, HetR-dependent inducible transcription of hetC was identified. Upon nitrogen stepdown, expression of a P hetC ::gfp fusion was transiently induced in specific cells that were differentiating into heterocysts, both when the whole promoter region (containing transcription start points −571 and −293) or a short version (containing only the transcription start point −293) was used. Expression of hetC from the −293 position was delayed in a strain bearing a deleted promoter region lacking sequences upstream from position −570. Such a strain was still able to differentiate functional heterocysts and to grow diazotrophically, although diazotrophic growth was impaired under certain conditions. Similarly, a second, NtcA-dependent, HetR-dependent transcriptional start site was identified at position −454 in the promoter region upstream from the devBCA operon encoding an ABC transport system involved in heterocyst maturation, in which an NtcA-dependent promoter producing transcripts starting at position −704 had been previously noted. Thus, the hetC and devBCA promoter regions exhibit similar tandem promoter arrangements.
Prostate cancer screening: clinical impact of WHO calibration of Beckman Coulter Access® prostate-specific antigen assays

Abstract Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of using the same total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) assays calibrated with World Health Organization (WHO) materials or with Hybritech Tandem-R calibrator. Methods: From the initial correlation study that included 150 patients, the clinical impact of the WHO calibration was simulated using a large cohort (n=4548) of referred patients. Interim reports of the European Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Results: WHO calibration of tPSA assays leads to a reduction of about 20% in measured results (tPSA WHO=0.81 tPSA Hybritech+0.04; fPSA WHO=0.78 fPSA Hybritech+0.00; %fPSA WHO=0.92 %fPSA Hybritech+0.00). The simulation showed that the WHO calibration is associated with a risk of missing 15% of PCa. Conclusions: The discrepancies between the two calibrations lead to significant clinical misinterpretation with decreased detection of PCa if tPSA cut-off thresholds are not adjusted. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:285–8.
Use of Psychological Tests in Child Custody Assessment

SUMMARY This article describes a functional, comprehensive approach to the use of psychological tests and measures in a child custody evaluation. I describe a conceptual framework to be used in choosing assessment techniques that are used to assess functional aspects of parenting competencies and other related variables helpful in creating a reliable foundation from which to generate opinions about custodial placement and visitation access. Finally, I provide a practical example of how psychological test data might be presented in an advisory report to the court.
Interpersonal Exposure Time as a Determinant of the Predictive Utility of Peer Ratings

Although peer rating techniques have gained an increasing measure of acceptance of late ( I ) , their continued application raises several questions. One of the more persistent concerns the earliest point at which individuals have had a sufficient degree of exposure to one another so that their ratings will be of a reliable and valid nature. In characteristically intensive training programs, like the military officer candidate school (OCS), this issue is of more than casual concern since peer ratings are normally expected to provide supplemental data for use in the evaluation and ultimate screening of trainee personnel ( 5 ) . The earlier such data are available, the more utility they may have as contributors to this process; this view is bolstered by the evident consideration that prompt identification of marginal trainee material can realize an appreciable saving in terms of funds, time, human effort, and disappointment.
Linguistic analysis of suicide notes in Spain

Background and Objectives: Text analysis software like “Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count” (LIWC) has been used for the analysis of suicide notes and suicidal texts in English. This is the first analysis of suicide notes using this method in Spanish and, as far as we know, its first application to suicide notes in Europe. To compare the sociodemographic and forensic characteristics of a consecutive sample of suicide victims studying the differences between those who left suicidal note and those who did not. To study a sample of suicidal notes from Spain using LIWC, comparing it’s linguistic features by gender, age and environment. Methods: 144 consecutive suicide cases were analyzed. 23 suicide notes obtained from this sample were processed using LIWC, the results were compared by gender, age and environment of the author. Results: People who left suicide notes were younger than nonwriters; more frequently single, divorced or widowed and emotional troubles were reported as frequent triggers. Suicide notes written by women were significantly longer, had more emotional content, tentative expressions, denials, pronouns in first person plural and verbs in past and future tenses. Urban cases showed higher emotional expression and word complexity whereas rural cases showed a higher use of social words. Conclusions: Our study shows some differences between people who left suicide note and those who didn’t and confirms the LIWC ability to detect differences in suicidal speech by gender and by the rural/ urban background of its authors. Received: 1 December 2014 Revised: 28 April 2015 Accepted: 29 April 2015 146 MERCEDES FERNÁNDEZ-CABANA ET AL.
Interobserver Variability in the ILAE Classification of Seizures in Childhood

Summary: Observer variability in interpreting medical tests and in making diagnoses influences both clinical practice and research. Uniform classification of epileptic seizures is especially difficult. Although the ILAE classification scheme for seizures has been available for many years, the reliability of this system has not been previously assessed. Verbatim descriptions of seizure manifestations were transcribed from medical records as pari of a large, population‐based prevalence study of childhood epilepsy conducted in two counties in central Oklahoma. One senior neurologist and three neurology residents reviewed these descriptions independently and classified them by seizure type based on the ILAE system. Unweighted and weighted K statistics were used to assess the level of agreement between the study neurologist and each resident. The overall agreement between observer pairs in classifying seizure types based on all available descriptions was relatively poor (K = 0.24‐0.38). Some improvement was evident when unclassified seizures were excluded, and comparisons were restricted to those based on descriptions with some degree of detail (K = 0.34‐0.51). When specific types of seizures were classified, agreement was fair to excellent for most types (K = 0.45‐0.90), with the exceptions of atypical absence (K = 0.11‐0.28), partial seizures with secondary generalization (K = 0.26‐0.40), and generalized motor seizures (K = 0.29‐0.32). Sources of observer variability in addition to the classification scheme are considered. Use of specific criteria for the categorization of symptoms might improve the reliability of seizure classification.
Multichannel compression: effects of reduced spectral contrast on vowel identification.

PURPOSE To clarify if large numbers of wide dynamic range compression channels provide advantages for vowel identification and to measure its acoustic effects. Methods Eight vowels produced by 12 talkers in the /hVd/ context were compressed using 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 channels. Formant contrast indices (mean formant peak minus mean formant trough; maximum formant peak minus minimum formant trough) were developed to quantify spectral changes. Twenty listeners with mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss identified the compressed vowels in an 8-alternative forced-choice procedure. RESULTS Formant contrast measures revealed significant spectral flattening for 6 of the 8 vowels as channel number increased. A significant decrease in vowel identification performance was also observed as spectral contrast decreased. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the number of wide dynamic range compression channels may not be beneficial for all speech signals, and individual vowel identification performance can vary greatly for listeners with similar hearing loss.
A Balanced Ensemble Approach to Weighting Classifiers for Text Classification

This paper studies the problem of constructing an effective heterogeneous ensemble classifier for text classification. One major challenge of this problem is to formulate a good combination function, which combines the decisions of the individual classifiers in the ensemble. We show that the classification performance is affected by three weight components and they should be included in deriving an effective combination function. They are: (1) Global effectiveness, which measures the effectiveness of a member classifier in classifying a set of unseen documents; (2) Local effectiveness, which measures the effectiveness of a member classifier in classifying the particular domain of an unseen document; and (3) Decision confidence, which describes how confident a classifier is when making a decision when classifying a specific unseen document. We propose a new balanced combination function, called dynamic classifier weighting (DCW), that incorporates the aforementioned three components. The empirical study demonstrates that the new combination function is highly effective for text classification.
Altered Developmental Expression of the Astrocyte-Secreted Factors Hevin and SPARC in the Fragile X Mouse Model

Astrocyte dysfunction has been indicated in many neurodevelopmental disorders, including Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). FXS is caused by a deficiency in fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP regulates the translation of numerous mRNAs and its loss disturbs the composition of proteins important for dendritic spine and synapse development. Here, we investigated whether the astrocyte-derived factors hevin and SPARC, known to regulate excitatory synapse development, have altered expression in FXS. Specifically, we analyzed the expression of these factors in wild-type (WT) mice and in fragile X mental retardation 1 (Fmr1) knock-out (KO) mice that lack FMRP expression. Samples were collected from the developing cortex and hippocampus (regions of dendritic spine abnormalities in FXS) of Fmr1 KO and WT pups. Hevin and SPARC showed altered expression patterns in Fmr1 KO mice compared to WT, in a brain-region specific manner. In cortical tissue, we found a transient increase in the level of hevin in postnatal day (P)14 Fmr1 KO mice, compared to WT. Additionally, there were modest decreases in Fmr1 KO cortical levels of SPARC at P7 and P14. In the hippocampus, hevin expression was much lower in P7 Fmr1 KO mice than in WT. At P14, hippocampal hevin levels were similar between genotypes, and by P21 Fmr1 KO hevin expression surpassed WT levels. These findings imply aberrant astrocyte signaling in FXS and suggest that the altered expression of hevin and SPARC contributes to abnormal synaptic development in FXS.
PEER VICTIMIZATION IN CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

This study explored peer victimization in 9- to 14-year-old children with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The sample comprised 104 children, 52 of whom had a previous ADHD diagnosis. Children with ADHD had higher overall rates of self-reported victimization by peers and parent- and teacher-reported bullying behavior than did children without ADHD. The rates of victimization were especially high for girls with ADHD. Furthermore, children with ADHD reported higher frequencies of verbal, physical, and relational victimization than did children without ADHD. When data were pooled from children, parents, and teachers, children with ADHD were categorized as victims, bullies, and bully/victims significantly more often than were children without ADHD. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms predicted self-reported victimization by peers. Neither parent-rated anxious-shy behaviors nor parent- and teacher-rated social skills predicted victimization by peers over and above ADHD symptoms. Parent ratings of oppositional behavior mediated the relationship between ADHD symptoms and parent- and teacher-rated bullying. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gray or For Colored Girls Who Are Tired of Chasing Rainbows: Race and Reflexivity

Reflexivity interrogates the cause and effect of self-awareness and self-reference in qualitative work. This article uses reflexivity to resolve the meaning and implications that race has on ethnographic research. The author argues that race automatically and inevitably influences research, therefore conscious race reflexivity is a useful tool for auto/ ethnographic work. Even when race is not named out loud, it is germane to how an ethnographic project will be conceptualized, interpreted, and completed. By using examples from ethnographic studies that concentrate on race and excerpts from personal experiences, the author names the reflexive stories “race stories” and identifies the analytic reflections that follow, “gray spaces,” to reference and demonstrate the subjective and synergistic role of race in reflexive research.
Intestinal metabolism of fructose.

The metabolism of fructose by the small intestine can be analyzed in terms of the following scheme: 1) hydrolysis of fructose containing saccharides especially sucrose; 2) movement of fructose into the intestinal cell; 3) transformation of fructose into glycolytic metabolic intermediates; 4) formation of fructose from glucose via sorbitol; 5) adaptive regulation of fructose metabolizing enzymes; 6) adaptive responses of other enzymes to fructose. The hydrolysis of sucrose is dependent upon the brush border enzyme sucrase which shows an adaptive response to sucrose diets. The entrance of fructose into the small intestine and the intermediary metabolism of fructose is reviewed. Fructose metabolizing enzymes, fructokinase and fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, are regulated by the presence or absence of fructose, folic acid and drugs. Fructose causes adaptive changes in small intestine glycolytic enzymes and decreases the gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-diphosphatase. Actinomycin D inhibits the adaptive effect of fructose on glycolytic enzymes which suggests that fructose acts via the protein synthetic mechanism.
E-Commerce and Graduate Education: Is Educational Quality Taking a Nose Dive?

Purpose – Online education has been growing rapidly, but has not had the benefit of the extensive teaching pedagogy development of traditional face‐to‐face teaching. This paper aims to provide a review of the current literature and present the results of a survey, conducted to determine the effectiveness of a graduate online subject.Design/methodology/approach – The literature was reviewed to identify measures of success and quality in online education delivery. These measures were then considered in relation to their application in practice via a case study based around a survey conducted at Deakin University in Australia.Findings – A total of 16 relevant measures of teaching quality were identified in the literature. Most measures had elements of bias and some were more generally applicable to online learning. The case study suggested that the value of computer mediated learning in an online environment was limited and that a combination of print and computer mediated conferencing performed better in mo.
Follicular phase hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function in women with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome.

OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are clinically overlapping stress associated disorders. Neuroendocrine perturbations have been noted in both syndromes, and they are more common in women, suggesting abnormalities of gonadal steroid hormones. We tested the hypothesis that women with FM and CFS manifest abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) hormonal axis. METHODS We examined the secretory characteristics of estradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), including a detailed analysis of LH in premenopausal women with FM (n = 9) or CFS (n = 8) during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle compared to matched healthy controls. Blood was collected from an indwelling intravenous catheter every 10 min. over a 12 h period. LH was assayed from every sample; pulses of LH were identified by a pulse-detection program. FSH and progesterone were assayed from a pool of hourly samples for the 12 h period and estradiol from samples pooled over four 3 h time periods. RESULTS There were no significant differences in FSH, progesterone, or estradiol levels in patients versus controls. There were no significant differences in pulsatile secretion of LH. CONCLUSION There is no indication of abnormal gonadotropin secretion or gonadal steroid levels in this small, but systematic, study of HPG axis function in patients with FM and CFS.
Subcellular Localization and Functional Domain Studies of DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 in Maize and Arabidopsis Suggest a Model for Aleurone Cell Fate Specification Involving CRINKLY4 and SUPERNUMERARY ALEURONE LAYER1[W]

DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (DEK1), which consists of a membrane-spanning region (DEK1-MEM) and a calpain-like Cys proteinase region (DEK1-CALP), is essential for aleurone cell formation at the surface of maize (Zea mays) endosperm. Immunolocalization and FM4-64 dye incubation experiments showed that DEK1 and CRINKLY4 (CR4), a receptor kinase implicated in aleurone cell fate specification, colocalized to plasma membrane and endosomes. SUPERNUMERARY ALEURONE LAYER1 (SAL1), a negative regulator of aleurone cell fate encoding a class E vacuolar sorting protein, colocalized with DEK1 and CR4 in endosomes. Immunogold localization, dual-axis electron tomography, and diffusion of fluorescent dye tracers showed that young aleurone cells established symplastic subdomains through plasmodesmata of larger dimensions than those connecting starchy endosperm cells and that CR4 preferentially associated with plasmodesmata between aleurone cells. Genetic complementation experiments showed that DEK1-CALP failed to restore wild-type phenotypes in maize and Arabidopsis thaliana dek1 mutants, and DEK1-MEM also failed to restore wild-type phenotypes in Arabidopsis dek1-1 mutants. Instead, ectopic expression of DEK1-MEM under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter gave a dominant negative phenotype. These data suggest a model for aleurone cell fate specification in which DEK1 perceives and/or transmits a positional signal, CR4 promotes the lateral movement of aleurone signaling molecules between aleurone cells, and SAL1 maintains the proper plasma membrane concentration of DEK1 and CR4 proteins via endosome-mediated recycling/degradation.
Improved bat algorithm with optimal forage strategy and random disturbance strategy

Bat algorithm is a novel bio-inspired stochastic optimisation algorithm. However, due to the limited exploration and exploitation capabilities, the performance is not well when dealing with some multi-modal numerical problems. In this paper, optimal forage strategy is designed to guide the search direction for each bat and a random disturbance strategy is also employed to extend the global search pattern. To test the performance, CEC2013 benchmark test suit and four other evolutionary algorithms are employed to compare, simulation results show our modification is effective.
Mediodorsal nucleus: Areal, laminar, and tangential distribution of afferents and efferents in the frontal lobe of rhesus monkeys

The terminal distribution of thalamic afferents in primate prefrontal cortex has never been examined in any detail. In the present study, WGA‐HRP was injected into major subdivisions of the mediodorsal nucleus (MD) in the rhesus monkey in order to determine (1) The areal distribution of MD projections, (2) the layer (s) in which MD afferents terminate, (3) the tangential pattern of the MD axonal terminals, (4) the cells of origin of the reciprocal corticothalamic pathway, and (5) the degree of reciprocity between the corticothalamic and thalamocortical pathways in the different regions of the prefrontal cortex.
Age effects on perceived personality and job performance

Purpose – This paper aimed to investigate how older and younger workers are perceived in terms of Big Five personality and task and contextual performance. Based on the intergroup bias phenomenon, the authors also examined whether respondent age would moderate these effects. Design/methodology/approach – Participants (n=155) completed a paper survey in which they were randomly assigned to rate either a “typical” younger employee or a “typical” older employee. They filled out questionnaires containing measures of perceived personality factors and perceived job performance of an older or younger worker. Findings – As predicted, older and younger workers were perceived differently in terms of certain Big Five personality factors and organizational citizenship behavior. These perceived differences generally reflected actual age-related differences on these variables. However, respondents' age moderated many of these effects, such that respondents' perceptions favored their own age group. Research limitations/.