Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Social Networks That Form within the Context of an Obesity Prevention Intervention

Background. Antiobesity interventions have generally failed. Research now suggests that interventions must be informed by an understanding of the social environment. Objective. To examine if new social networks form between families participating in a group-level pediatric obesity prevention trial. Methods. Latino parent-preschool child dyads (N = 79) completed the 3-month trial. The intervention met weekly in consistent groups to practice healthy lifestyles. The control met monthly in inconsistent groups to learn about school readiness. UCINET and SIENA were used to examine network dynamics. Results. Children's mean age was 4.2 years (SD = 0.9), and 44% were overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 85th percentile). Parents were predominantly mothers (97%), with a mean age of 31.4 years (SD = 5.4), and 81% were overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25). Over the study, a new social network evolved among participating families. Parents selectively formed friendship ties based on child BMI z-score, (t = 2.08; P < .05). This reveals the tendency for mothers to form new friendships with mothers whose children have similar body types. Discussion. Participating in a group-level intervention resulted in new social network formation. New ties were greatest with mothers who had children of similar body types. This finding might contribute to the known inability of parents to recognize child overweight.
Supervisor motivating styles and legitimacy: moderation and mediation models

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating and moderating roles of perceived supervisor legitimacy in the association between perceived supervisor motivating styles and subordinate functioning. Specifically, based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), two supervisory motivating styles were examined: the autonomy-supportive style, characterized by nurturing employees’ inner motivational resources, and the controlling style, in which supervisors pressure their employees to behave in specific manager-directed ways. Legitimacy was defined according to the Relational Model of Authority (RMA). Design/methodology/approach An online survey was administered to a sample of 252 employees. Moderation and mediation analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings The autonomy-supportive motivating style, but not the controlling style, was linked to employee work-related outcomes (i.e. job satisfaction, commitment, engagement, burnout, and depression) through perceived legitimacy. Legitimacy buffered the negative impact of the controlled orientation on burnout and depression. Originality/value Taken together, the results suggest that legitimacy as a resource may be enhanced by autonomy support and can also minimize the harmful consequences of controlling supervisory behaviors. The theoretical implications of integrating SDT with RMA and the practical implications of these findings are discussed.
The Response of Selected Triticum spp. Genotypes with Different Ploidy Levels to Head Blight Caused by Fusarium culmorum (W.G.Smith) Sacc.

Several cultivars and pure lines of Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccon, T. polonicum, T. spelta and T. aestivum were inoculated with Fusarium culmorum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight in wheat. During the three-year study, the infection decreased the values of the analyzed yield components: spike weight (by 5.6% to 15.8%), number of kernels per spike (by 2.8% to 11.8%) and one kernel weight (by 8.4% to 10.7%). T. spelta was characterized by the weakest average response to infection. The grain from inoculated spikes contained significantly higher concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its 3-β-d-glucoside (D3G) than control grain. The D3G/DON ratio ranged from 11.4% to 21.4% in control grain and from 8.1% to 11.6% in inoculated grain. The lowest levels of mycotoxins were found in spelt, and the highest in T. polonicum lines and Kamut. PCA revealed that the grain of T. polonicum was characterized by an entirely different mycotoxin profile. The weakest response to F. culmorum infections was noted in T. spelta, and the strongest response in T. polonicum breeding lines and Kamut.
Common Variants in the PALB 2 Gene Confer Susceptibility to Breast Cancer : a Meta-analysis

Breast cancer, as a substantial global public health concern, is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide (Benson and Jatoi, 2012). It is estimated that over one million women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year, and more than 410, 000 will die from the disease (Bray et al., 2012). However, the exact mechanisms of breast cancer are still poorly understood. Generally, breast cancer is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors (Pern et al., 2012). Previous studies showed that family history, reproductive status, endocrine disorders and body mass index may play important roles in the development of breast cancer (Colditz et al., 2012; Llanos et al., 2012). Furthermore, genetic factors are also involved in the initiation and maintenance of breast cancer (Stephens et al., 2012). The Partner and Localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) protein, identified as a nuclear partner of BRCA2, promoting its localization and stability in key nuclear structures, which in turn facilitates BRCA2 functions in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation and thereby maintaining genome stability (Xia et al., 2006; Erkko et al., 2007). Human PALB2 gene is located on chromosome 16p12.2, spanning approximately 38kb, containing 13 exons and 12 introns, and encodes for a
Temozolomide: The evidence for its therapeutic efficacy in malignant astrocytomas

Introduction: Malignant gliomas are a heterogeneous group of primary central nervous system neoplasms that represent less than 2% of all cancers yet carry a significant burden to society. They are frequently associated with considerable and progressive neurological disability and are ultimately intractable to all forms of treatment. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a new second generation DNA alkylating agent that has become part of malignant astrocytoma management paradigms because of its proven efficacy, ease of administration, and favorable toxicity profile. Aims: To review the role of TMZ in the management of malignant astrocytomas (World Health Organization grades III and IV) including newly diagnosed (n) and recurrent (r) anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) and glioblastomas. Evidence review: A series of pivotal clinical trials have established a role for TMZ in the treatment of malignant astrocytomas. A large phase II trial examining the role of TMZ in rAA showed a response rate of 35%, and a 6-month progression-free survival of 46%. This led to the accelerated approval of TMZ by the FDA and the EU for the treatment of rAA. Evidence for a role of TMZ in nAA is currently limited but research is ongoing in this area. The role of TMZ in the management of glioblastoma at the time of recurrence (rGBM) is less impressive but evidence for its activity was demonstrated in two large phase II trials that led to the approval of TMZ for this indication in Europe and Canada but not in the US. A recent large prospective randomized phase III trial showed that the addition of TMZ during and after radiation therapy (RT) in newly diagnosed (nGBM) patients prolonged median overall survival by 2.5 months; perhaps more importantly, the 2-year survival rate for patients receiving TMZ and RT was 26% compared with 10% for those receiving RT alone. Concurrent TMZ with RT followed by adjuvant TMZ has become the standard of care for nGBM patients. Based on the evidence presented in this trial, TMZ received approval from the FDA and the EU for patients with nGBM in 2005. Place in therapy: There is evidence to support the use of TMZ for the following diseases in the order of most to least convincing: nGBM, rAA, rGBM, and nAA. This order may quickly change as more trials are being designed and implemented, particularly with novel TMZ dosing schedules.
A study of spectral reflection characteristics for snow, ice and water in the north of China

The spectral reflection characteristics for snow, ice and turbid water within the spectral range 380-1200 nm have been analysed. The spectral reflectance for snow decreases with increasing snow density and crystal size, and there are good correlative relationships between density and spectral reflectance. The spectral reflectance gradually decreases from 95% to 60% within the visible range while snow metamorphoses into glacier ice. The variation of spectral reflectance for turbid water is decided by the silt content in water, and when silt content is more than 5400 mg 1~ and the wavelength of maximum reflectance is stable near 820 nm. Based on the t-test, Mj and C v values, the optimum remote sensing bands have been selected, that is, 420-450, 840-910, 950-1110 nm for snow, 670-760 nm for ice and 730-810 nm for turbid water, respectively. Etude des caractéristiques de reflexion spectrale de la neige, de la glace et de l'eau dans le nord de la Chine RESUME Les auteurs ont analysé les caractères de la réflexion des spectres 380-1200 nm de la neige, de la glace et de l'eau boueuse. La réflectance spectrale de la glace diminue avec l'augmentation de sa densité et la dimension de ses cristaux, et il y a un bon rapport de corrélation entre la densité et la réflectance spectrale. Quand la neige se change en glace des glaciers, la réflectance spectrale descends graduellement de 95% a 60% dans le domaine visible. Les variations de la réflectance spectrale de l'eau boueuse sont déterminées par la concentration de limon dans l'eau et quand celle-ci dépasse 5400 mg 1, la longeur d'onde de la réflectance maximale se stabilise à près de 820 nm. Basées sur le test t, les valeurs Mj et Cv, les bandes optimales de télédétection ont été sélectionnées respectivement, c'est-à-dire 420-450, 840-910, 950-1110 nm pour la neige, 670-760 nm pour la glace et 730-810 nm pour l'eau boueuse.
Flatness, preorders and general metric spaces

This paper studies a general notion of flatness in the enriched context: P-flatness where the parameter P stands for a class of presheaves. One obtains a completion of a category A by considering the category Flat_P(A) of P-flat presheaves over A. This completion is related to the free cocompletion of A under a class of colimits defined by Kelly. For a category A, for P = P0 the class of all presheaves, Flat_P0(A) is the Cauchy-completion of A. Two classes P1 and P2 of general interest for general metric spaces are considered. The P1- and P2-flatness are investigated and the associated completions are characterized for general metric spaces (enrichemnts over R+) and preorders (enrichments over Bool). We get this way two non-symmetric completions for metric spaces and retrieve the ideal completion for preorders.
Effects of Oxytocin on Attention to Emotional Faces in Healthy Volunteers and Highly Socially Anxious Males

Background: Evidence suggests that individuals with social anxiety demonstrate vigilance to social threat, whilst the peptide hormone oxytocin is widely accepted as supporting affiliative behaviour in humans. Methods: This study investigated whether oxytocin can affect attentional bias in social anxiety. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, within-group study design, 26 healthy and 16 highly socially anxious (HSA) male volunteers (within the HSA group, 10 were diagnosed with generalized social anxiety disorder) were administered 24 IU of oxytocin or placebo to investigate attentional processing in social anxiety. Attentional bias was assessed using the dot-probe paradigm with angry, fearful, happy and neutral face stimuli. Results: In the baseline placebo condition, the HSA group showed greater attentional bias for emotional faces than healthy individuals. Oxytocin reduced the difference between HSA and non-socially anxious individuals in attentional bias for emotional faces. Moreover, it appeared to normalize attentional bias in HSA individuals to levels seen in the healthy population in the baseline condition. The biological mechanisms by which oxytocin may be exerting these effects are discussed. Conclusions: These results, coupled with previous research, could indicate a potential therapeutic use of this hormone in treatment for social anxiety.
Comparison of Transendocardial and Intracoronary CD34+ Cell Transplantation in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background— In an open-label blinded study, we compared intracoronary and transendocardial CD34+ cell transplantation in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results— Of the 40 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 20 were randomized to receive intracoronary injection and 20 received transendocardial CD34+ cell delivery. In both groups, CD34+ cells were mobilized by filgrastim, collected via apheresis, and labeled with technetium-99m radioisotope for single-photon emission computed tomographic imaging. In the intracoronary group, cells were injected intracoronarily in the artery supplying segments of greater perfusion defect on myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. In the transendocardial group, electroanatomic mapping was used to identify viable but dysfunctional myocardium, and transendocardial cell injections were performed. Nuclear single-photon emission computed tomographic imaging for quantification of myocardial retention was performed 18 hours thereafter. At baseline, groups did not differ in age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, or N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels. The number of CD34+ cells was also comparable (105±31×106 in the transendocardial group versus 103±27×106 in the intracoronary group, P=0.62). At 18 hours after procedure, myocardial retention was higher in the transendocardial group (19.2±4.8%) than in the intracoronary group (4.4±1.2%, P<0.01). At 6 months, left ventricular ejection fraction improved more in the transendocardial group (+8.1±4.3%) than in the intracoronary group (+4.2±2.3%, P=0.03). The same pattern was observed for the 6-minute walk test distance (+125±33 m in the transendocardial group versus +86±13 m in the intracoronary group, P=0.03) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (−628±211 versus −315±133 pg/mL, P=0.04). Conclusions— In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, transendocardial CD34+ cell transplantation is associated with higher myocardial retention rates and greater improvement in ventricular function, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and exercise capacity compared with intracoronary route. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01350310.
On supermagic regular graphs

A graph is called supermagic if it admits a labelling of the edges by pairwise different consecutive positive integers such that the sum of the labels of the edges incident with a vertex is independent of the particular vertex. Some constructions of supermagic labellings of regular graphs are described. Supermagic regular complete multipartite graphs and supermagic cubes are characterized.
The combined effect of administration of intravenous and topical tranexamic acid on blood loss and transfusion rate in total knee arthroplasty

Objectives Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent used as a blood-sparing technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and is routinely administered by intravenous (IV) or intra-articular (IA) injection. Recently, a novel method of TXA administration, the combined IV and IA application of TXA, has been applied in TKA. However, the scientific evidence of combined administration of TXA in TKA is still meagre. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of combined IV and IA TXA in patients undergoing TKA. Materials and Methods A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, the Cochrane Clinical Trial Register (Issue12 2015), Embase, Web of Science and the Chinese Biomedical Database. Only randomised controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the efficacy and safety of combined use TXA in TKA were identified. Two authors independently identified the eligible studies, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results A total of ten RCTs (1143 patients) were included in this study. All the included studies were randomised and the quality of included studies still needed improvement. The results indicated that, compared with either placebo or the single-dose TXA (IV or IA) group, the combination of IV and IA TXA group had significantly less total blood loss, hidden blood loss, total drain output, a lower transfusion rate and a lower drop in haemoglobin level. There were no statistically significant differences in complications such as wound infection and deep vein thrombosis between the combination group and the placebo or single-dose TXA group. Conclusions Compared with placebo or the single-dose TXA, the combined use of IV and IA TXA provided significantly better results with respect to all outcomes related to post-operative blood loss without increasing the risk of thromboembolic complications in TKA. Cite this article: Z. F. Yuan, H. Yin, W. P. Ma, D. L. Xing. The combined effect of administration of intravenous and topical tranexamic acid on blood loss and transfusion rate in total knee arthroplasty: combined tranexamic acid for TKA. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:353–361. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.58. BJR-2016-0001.R2.
HR Flexibility and Job Crafting in Public Organizations: The Roles of Knowledge Sharing and Public Service Motivation

Human resource (HR) flexibility builds employees’ flexibility to create new meanings in their jobs, contributing to the flexibility and dynamism of their team and organization. The primary research aim is to seek an insight into the relationships between HR flexibility and job crafting at both individual and team levels via knowledge sharing as a mediator. The data for variables in the research model were garnered from public employees and their supervisors from public legal service organizations in Vietnam context. The research results supported the positive links between HR flexibility and individual as well as collective job crafting through the mediating mechanism of knowledge sharing. HR flexibility also demonstrated the interaction effect with public service motivation in predicting knowledge sharing among public employees.
What drives ‘soft deportation’? Understanding the rise in Assisted Voluntary Return among rejected asylum seekers in the Netherlands

textabstractStates experience difficulties in realizing the return of rejected asylum seekers, but migration control policies are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Against this background, we consider explanations for the increase in Assisted Voluntary Return from the Netherlands in the 2005-2011 period. Both macro-level factors (source country societal conditions and characteristics of the Dutch "deportation regime") and individual-level factors (applicants' demographic characteristics and variation in status determination time) are examined. The study, which is based on a unique multilevel dataset (N = 15,682) with data from governmental and other sources (including International Organisation for Migration), is the first to quantitatively test assumed Assisted Voluntary Return determinants and contributes to the study of policy effects in migration studies. We find that states are capable of increasing return rates by expanding the use of "hard" and "soft" power. We propose the term "soft deportation" as a way to go beyond the dichotomy of "voluntary" and "forced" return.
Effective deployment of digital technologies for business enterprise in Sub-Sahara Africa: Implications for women entrepreneurs e-readiness for Internet usage in Ghana?

The positive relation between the internet e-readiness and entrepreneurial activity has been well documented in many empirical studies. We conducted an explorative study to understand the internet e-readiness of micro women entrepreneurs in Ghana. The extensive data that we collected helped us understand the issues such as what are respondents understanding of e-readiness? ; what entrepreneurial activities do small women entrepreneurs used the internet for? ; and what personal and cultural factors influence internet e-readiness? We conclude that in the technology driven environment, it is essential that women entrepreneurs to be internet ready.
Longitudinal examination of university students’ foreign language enjoyment and foreign language classroom anxiety in the course of general English: latent growth curve modeling

ABSTRACT Dewaele and MacIntyre. [2016. ‘Foreign language enjoyment and foreign language classroom anxiety: The right and left feet of the language learner. ’ In Positive psychology in SLA, edited by T. Gregersen, P. D. MacIntyre, and S. Mercer, 215–236. Bristol: Multilingual Matters] asserted that foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) and foreign language enjoyment (FLE) are the learners’ metaphorical left and right feet on their journey to acquiring the foreign language. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate the growth as well as changing trends of university students’ FLE and FLCA in a course of general English using latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) as well as a triangulation of data collection. To do this, we analyzed data collected from 367 undergraduate students during a semester in a course of general English in the LGCM phase and four participants in the qualitative phase. The findings indicated that while the participants’ FLE increased significantly, their level of FLCA decreased during the semester. However, the significance of the intercept and slope variances for both variables implied heterogeneity in the participants’ growth in FLE and FLCA over the semester. In addition, the initial levels of both FLE and FLCA could not predict their growth during the semester. Furthermore, at the beginning of the semester, the significant negative correlation between students’ FLE and FLCA was low but during the semester the negative correlation between the two variables turned out to be high; however, the qualitative findings indicated moments of experiencing high levels of FLE and FLCA and moments of going through low levels of FLE and FLCA at the same time by the learners. The pedagogical implications of the findings are discussed.
Facial expression recognition using a pairwise feature selection and classification approach

This paper proposes a novel approach that combines specialized pairwise classifiers trained with different feature subsets for facial expression classification. The proposed approach first detects and extracts automatically faces from images. Next, the face is split into several regular zones and textural features are extracted from each zone to capture local information. The features extracted from all zones are concatenated to model the whole face. A pairwise approach that considers all pairs of classes and a hybrid feature selection strategy is used to both reduce the dimensionality and to select relevant features to discriminate between specific pairs of classes. Several pairwise classifiers are then trained with such pairwise feature subsets. At the end, given a new face image, all features are extracted from such a face, but only the previously selected subset of features is inputted to each pairwise classifier. The output of all pairwise classifiers is combined using a majority voting rule to decide on the facial expression. Experiments have been carried out on three publicly available datasets (JAFFE, CK and TFEID) and the correct classification rates of 99.05%, 98.07% and 99.63% were achieved respectively. Therefore, the pairwise approach is effective to discriminate between different facial expressions and the results achieved by the proposed approach are slightly better than several current approaches.