Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ALJABAR DALAM MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA SMP KELAS VIII

Berpikir aljabar merupakan representasi dari aktivitas maupun kemampuan dalam mempelajari aljabar sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SMP Kelas VIII. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar pada siswa. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil tes, siswa dikelompokkan berdasarkan kemampuan berpikir aljabar mereka yang terdiri dari kelompok tingkat tinggi, kelompok tingkat sedang, dan kelompok tingkat rendah. Dari masing-masing kelompok tersebut dipilih dua subjek sebagai perwakilan untuk diwawancara lebih lanjut terkait kemampuan berpikir aljabar mereka. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan generasional, transformasional, dan level-meta global sudah terlihat pada sebagian siswa kelas VIII. Siswa yang termasuk dalam kelompok tingkat tinggi mempunyai kemampuan generasional, transformasional, dan level-meta global yang cenderung tinggi. Sedangkan siswa dalam kelompok rendah mempunyai kemampuan transformasional yang cenderung rendah, kemampuan generasional yang rendah sampai sedang, dan kemampuan level-meta global yang rendah sampai sedang. Algebraic thinking is a representation of activities and abilities to learn school algebraic. The aim of this research was to determine the ability of eighth grade junior high school students in algebraic thinking. The method used in this research was the qualitative descriptive approach. This research was conducted with giving a test of algebraic thinking skills to the students. Furthermore, based on test results, students are grouped according to their algebraic thinking skills which consists of a high­level group, moderate­level group and low­level group. From each group, two subjects were selected to be interviewed more related their algebraic thinking skills, as a representative for their each group. Analytical results from this research indicated that the ability in generational, transformational, and global meta­level activities is already visible in some eighth grade students. Students were included in the high­level group tend to have high skill in generational, transformational, and global meta­level activities. While students were included in the low­level group tend to have low skill in transformational ability, low to medium skill in generational ability, and low to medium skill in global meta­level ability.
Bioactive Fraction of Annona reticulata Bark (or) Ziziphus jujuba Root Bark along with Insulin Attenuates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy through Inhibiting NF-κB Inflammatory Cascade

The present study explains the neuroprotective ability of bioactive fractions of Annona reticulata bark (ARB) and Ziziphus jujuba root bark (ZJ) along with insulin against diabetic neuropathy. By using different solvents of increasing polarity ARB and ZJ were undergone for bioactive guided fractionation. The neuroprotective ability of the all the plant fractions were tested against H2O2 induced toxicity in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines and DRG neuronal cells. Among all the fractions tested, the methanol extract of ARB and ZJ (ARBME and ZJME) and its water fractions (ARBWF and ZJWF) exhibited significant neuroprotection against H2O2 induced toxicity in SHSY5Y cells and DRG neuronal cells. Further both the active fractions were tested against streptozotocin (55 mg/kg i.p.) induced diabetic neuropathy in male Wistar rats. Body weight changes, blood glucose levels and pain threshold through hot plate, tail immersion, cold plate and Randall-Sillitto methods were measured throughout the study at weekly interval. After completion of the drug treatment period, all the animals were sacrificed to measure the sciatic nerve lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzyme levels (SOD, catalase, and GSH) and cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, iNOS, and NFκB) through ELISA and western blotting analysis. Results of this study explain that ARBME, ZJME, ARBWF, and ZJWF along with insulin potentially attenuate the thermal, mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia in diabetic neuropathic rats, where insulin treatment alone failed to diminish the same. Reduction of sciatic nerve oxidative stress, NF-κB and iNOS mediated inflammatory cascade and normalization of abnormal cytokine release confirms the possible mechanism of action. The present study confirms the neuroprotective ability of ARB and ZJ against painful diabetic neuropathy through inhibiting oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory cascade.
Automated flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.

BACKGROUND Recently, the UF-100 (Sysmex Corporation) flow cytometer was developed to automate urinalysis. We evaluated the use of flow cytometry in the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). METHODS UF-100 data were correlated with microscopy and biochemical data for 256 CSF samples. Microbiological analysis was performed in 144 suspected cases of meningitis. RESULTS Good agreement was obtained between UF-100 and microscopy data for erythrocytes (r = 0.919) and leukocytes (r = 0.886). In some cases, however, incorrect classification of lymphocytes by the UF-100 led to underestimation of the leukocyte count. UF-100 bacterial count positively correlated (P < 0.001) with UF-100 leukocyte count (r = 0.666), CSF total protein (r = 0.754), and CSF lactate concentrations (r = 0.641), and negatively correlated with CSF glucose concentration (r = -0.405; P < 0.001). UF-100 bacterial counts were unreliable in hemorrhagic samples and in samples collected by ventricular drainage where interference by blood platelets and cell debris was observed. Another major problem was the UF-100 "bacterial" background signal in sterile CSF samples. Cryptococcus neoformans yeast cells and cholesterol crystals in craniopharyngioma were detected by the flow cytometer. CONCLUSIONS Flow cytometry of CSF with the UF-100 offers a rapid and reliable leukocytes and erythrocyte count. Additional settings offered by the instrument may be useful in the diagnosis of neurological disorders.
REPRESENTATION OF STATE PROPERTY SYSTEMS

A “state property system” is the mathematical structure which models an arbitrary physical system by means of its set of states, its set of properties, and a relation of “actuality of a certain property for a certain state. ” We work out a new axiomatization for standard quantum mechanics, starting with the basic notion of state property system, and making use of a generalization of the standard quantum mechanical notion of “superposition” for state property systems.
Glucocorticoids and Type 2 Diabetes: From Physiology to Pathology

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the result of interaction between genetic and environmental factors, leading to heterogeneous and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Overweight and obesity are major contributors to the development of insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. The inability of β cells to secrete enough insulin produces type 2 diabetes. Abnormalities in other hormones such as reduced secretion of the incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), hyperglucagonemia, and raised concentrations of other counterregulatory hormones also contribute to insulin resistance, reduced insulin secretion, and hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Clinical-overt and experimental cortisol excess is associated with profound metabolic disturbances of intermediate metabolism resulting in abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and low HDL-cholesterol levels, which can lead to diabetes. It was therefore suggested that subtle abnormalities in cortisol secretion and action are one of the missing links between insulin resistance and other features of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this paper is to address the role of glucocorticoids on glucose homeostasis and to explain the relationship between hypercortisolism and type 2 diabetes.
Incidence and Predicted Risk Factors of Pressure Ulcers in Surgical Patients: Experience at a Medical Center in Taipei, Taiwan

Purpose. To explore the context of incidence of and associated risk factors for pressure ulcers amongst the population of surgical patients. Methods. The initial study cohort was conducted with a total of 297 patients admitted to a teaching hospital for a surgical operation from November 14th to 27th 2006 in Taipei, Taiwan. The Braden scale, pressure ulcers record sheet, and perioperative patient outcomes free from signs and symptoms of injury related to positioning and related nursing interventions and activities were collected. Results. The incidence of immediate and thirty-minute-later pressure ulcers is 9.8% (29/297) and 5.1% (15/297), respectively. Using logistic regression model, the statistically significantly associated risk factors related to immediate and thirty-minute-later pressure ulcers include operation age, type of anesthesia, type of operation position, type of surgery, admission Braden score, and number of nursing intervention after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusion. Admission Braden score and number of nursing intervention are well-established protected factors for the development of pressure ulcers. Our study shows that older operation age, type of anesthesia, type of operation position, and type of surgery are also associated with the development of pressure ulcers.
Optical Selection of Star-forming Galaxies at Redshifts 1 < z < 3

Few galaxies have been found between the redshift ranges z ≲ 1 probed by magnitude-limited surveys and z ≳ 3 probed by Lyman break surveys. Comparison of galaxy samples at lower and higher redshift suggests that large numbers of stars were born and the Hubble sequence began to take shape at the intermediate redshifts 1 < z < 3, but observational challenges have prevented us from observing the process in much detail. We present simple and efficient strategies that can be used to find large numbers of galaxies throughout this important but unexplored redshift range. All the strategies are based on selecting galaxies for spectroscopy on the basis of their colors in ground-based images taken through a small number of optical filters: Gℛi for redshifts 0.85 < z < 1.15, Gℛz for 1 < z < 1.5, and UnGℛ for 1.4 < z < 2.1 and 1.9 < z < 2.7. The performance of our strategies is quantified empirically through spectroscopy of more than 2000 galaxies at 1 < z < 3.5. We estimate that more than half of the UV luminosity density at 1 < z < 3 is produced by galaxies that satisfy our color selection criteria. Our methodology is described in detail, allowing readers to devise analogous selection criteria for other optical filter systems.
Metabolic rates at different oxygen levels determined by direct and indirect calorimetry in the oxyconformer Sipunculus nudus

Oxygen uptake and the mode of energy production in Sipunculus nudus L. were determined at different oxygen levels by means of direct and indirect calorimetry. Oxygen consumption declined linearly with decreasing ambient P O O2 A similar decrease in heat production was observed down to a P O O2 of 8.66 kPa. At lower oxygen tensions, a discrepancy between aerobic and total heat production indicated the onset of anaerobic metabolism. The occurrence of the critical P O O2 between 8.66 and 2.66 kPa was confirmed by estimation of anaerobic end products in the body wall musculature. The contributions of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism to total ATP production were determined at a P O O2 of 2.66 kPa and were found to be 48 and 52%, respectively. Measured heat dissipation under extreme hypoxia ( P O O2 nominally zero) (21.5±3.5 mJ h −1 g −1 ) agreed with the enthalpy changes calculated from the rates of formation of anaerobic end products (17.9±4.7 mJ h −1 g −1 ). For the sake of redox balance maintenance, saturation of fatty acids was assumed; this would be accompanied by an additional heat production of 3.3 mJ h −1 g −1 , so that the total calculated enthalpy change amounted to 21.2 mJ h −1 g −1
Distributed Privacy-Preserving Aggregation of Metering Data in Smart Grids

The widespread deployment of Automatic Metering Infrastructures in Smart Grid scenarios rises great concerns about privacy preservation of user-related data, from which detailed information about customer's habits and behaviors can be deduced. Therefore, the users' individual measurements should be aggregated before being provided to External Entities such as utilities, grid managers and third parties. This paper proposes a security architecture for distributed aggregation of additive data, in particular energy consumption metering data, relying on Gateways placed at the customers' premises, which collect the data generated by local Meters and provide communication and cryptographic capabilities. The Gateways communicate with one another and with the External Entities by means of a public data network. We propose a secure communication protocol aimed at preventing Gateways and External Entities from inferring information about individual data, in which privacy-preserving aggregation is performed by means of a cryptographic homomorphic scheme. The routing of information flows can be centralized or it can be performed in a distributed fashion using a protocol inspired by Chord. We compare the performance of both approaches to the optimal solution minimizing the data aggregation delay.
Using photovoice to engage orphans to explore sexual violence in and around a township secondary school in South Africa

ABSTRACT This article examines the vulnerability of orphans to sexual violence in and around their township secondary school. Using photovoice as a methodology with which to unearth these experiences and narratives, we examine how such an approach might engage the voices of orphans to inform thinking regarding sexual violence. Our analysis was informed by our desire to engage learners as critical and creative thinkers who are capable of grounding and thinking critically about their own issues. Findings highlight the vulnerability of orphaned girls both in and outside school. The photographs they produced demonstrate the pervasive nature of sexual violence directed against them. Photovoice enabled both ourselves and our participants to investigate experiences of sexual violence among orphaned learners. In particular, as a participatory visual method, photovoice facilitated the development of a transformative pedagogy in which we created a safe space for orphaned learners, a group that is often marginalised and silenced in many spaces to speak about their experiences. While many groups, particularly poor girls and women, experience high rates of sexual violence, the vulnerability of orphaned girls and boys is further increased by their social status within their families, communities and at school.
Pengaruh Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. AE

Abstrak - U ntuk dapat mencapai hubungan yang sinergis, perusahaan harus dapat memperhatikan pola kinerja karyawannya. K aryawan yang bermutu dan dapat menghasilkan kinerja yang tinggi adalah karyawan yang dibutuhkan oleh suatu organisasi. Peran yang sangat vital dalam mewujudkan prestasi kinerja seorang karyawan adalah dirinya sendiri. Bagaimana dia memiliki semangat dan etos kerja yang tinggi untuk dapat memberikan pengaruh positif pada lingkungannya. Karyawan yang memiliki pemikiran yang luhur mengenai pekerjaannya dapat bekerja dengan tulus. Suatu pandangan dan sikap terhadap kerja dikenal dengan istilah etos kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan uji teoritik mengenai pengaruh etos kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. AE. Untuk menguji pengaruh variabel etos kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan digunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menyebar 132 kuesioner pada karyawan PT. AE. Setelah dianalisis didapat hasil R square 0.724 dengan signifikansi (p<0.05), yang berarti etos kerja memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 72.4%. Kata Kunci : Etika Kerja, Performa Kerja Abstract - T o be able to achieve a synergistic relationship, the company should be able to notice employee performance. Employees who are qualified and able to produce high performance is needed by the organization. A very vital role in realizing the achievement of the performance of an employee is himself. How does he have the spirit and high work ethic to be a positive influence on the environment. Employees who have lofty thoughts about the job can work sincerely. An outlook and attitude towards work is known as the work ethic. This study aims to perform a theoretical test on the effect of the work ethic on the performance of employees of PT. AE. To test the effect of variables on the performance of the employee's work ethic multiple linear regression analysis was used, by spread 132 questionnaires to employees of PT. AE. Having analyzed the results obtained R square 0.724 with 0.000 significance (p <0.05), which means the work ethic significant influence on employee performance amounted to 72.4%. The dominant aspect of the work ethic that effect the performance is the view of work is trustworthy. Keywords: Work ethic, Employee performance
A Remote Sensing Image Fusion Algorithm Based on Constrained Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

Data fusion on remote sensing is one of important problems in current image processing. The key of a successful image fusion is to find effective and practical image fusion algorithm. To eliminate image data redundancy for two different remote sensing images, a new approach using the constrained nonnegative matrix factorization for remote image fusion between Landsat ETM+ panchromatic and CBERS multi-spectral images is proposed. Visual and statistical analyses prove that the concept of fusion based on constrained nonnegative matrix factorization is promising, and it does significantly increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and improve the fusion quality compared to conventional IHS and wavelet fusion techniques.
Work Engagement and its Relationship with State and Trait Trust: A Conceptual Analysis

The main objective of this paper is to highlight the vital role that both state trust (trust in top management, trust in immediate supervisor and trust in co-workers) and trait trust or trust propensity play in the advancement of employee work engagement. This study posits that the relationship between trust and work engagement is mutually reinforcing and leads to an upward spiral effect. That is, high levels of state and trait trust boost work engagement, which in turn augments both forms of trust and so on. Additionally, the current paper also examines the interaction effects of state and trait trust on employees’ work engagement.
The Association between Access to Public Transportation and Self-Reported Active Commuting

Active commuting provides routine-based regular physical activity which can reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Using public transportation involves some walking or cycling to a transit stop, transfers and a walk to the end location and users of public transportation have been found to accumulate more moderate physical activity than non-users. Understanding how public transportation characteristics are associated with active transportation is thus important from a public health perspective. This study examines the associations between objective measures of access to public transportation and self-reported active commuting. Self-reported time spent either walking or cycling commuting each day and the distance to workplace were obtained for adults aged 16 to 65 in the Danish National Health Survey 2010 (n = 28,928). Access to public transportation measures were computed by combining GIS-based road network distances from home address to public transit stops an integrating their service level. Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the association between access to public transportation measures and active commuting. Distance to bus stop, density of bus stops, and number of transport modes were all positively associated with being an active commuter and with meeting recommendations of physical activity. No significant association was found between bus services at the nearest stop and active commuting. The results highlight the importance of including detailed measurements of access to public transit in order to identify the characteristics that facilitate the use of public transportation and active commuting.
Spitzer IRS spectra of Virgo Early-Type Galaxies: Detection of Stellar Silicate Emission

We present high signal-to-noise ratio Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph observations of 17 Virgo early-type galaxies. The galaxies were selected from those that define the color-magnitude relation of the cluster, with the aim of detecting the silicate emission of their dusty, mass-losing evolved stars. To flux calibrate these extended sources, we have devised a new procedure that allows us to obtain the intrinsic spectral energy distribution and to disentangle resolved and unresolved emission within the same object. We have found that 13 objects of the sample (76%) are passively evolving galaxies with a pronounced broad silicate feature that is spatially extended and likely of stellar origin, in agreement with model predictions. The other four objects (24%) are characterized by different levels of activity. In NGC 4486 (M87), the line emission and the broad silicate emission are evidently unresolved, and, given also the typical shape of the continuum, they likely originate in the nuclear torus. NGC 4636 shows emission lines superposed on extended (i.e., stellar) silicate emission, thus pushing the percentage of galaxies with silicate emission to 82%. Finally, NGC 4550 and NGC 4435 are characterized by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and line emission, arising from a central unresolved region. A more detailed analysis of our sample, with updated models, will be presented in a forthcoming paper.
The adsorption of glycated human serum albumin-selective aptamer onto a graphene sheet: simulation studies

ABSTRACT The adsorption of glycated human serum albumin (gHSA)-selective DNA aptamer, where gHSA is a diabetes biomarker, on a mobile graphene in electrolyte and salt-free solutions has been investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This work was done to benefit the development of diabetes graphene-based fluorescent aptasensor. For aptasensor, an aptamer is quenched upon GRA binding and becomes fluorescent when leaving and binding to its analyte (gHSA). Different DNA conformations are obtained due to the GRA flexibility. Apart from a single-side deposition, the clipping DNA conformation is obtained. Our results show the faster DNA adsorption under a salt condition. Landing onto GRA with different aptamer parts affects adhered DNA conformations. The clipping conformation is found when the mid of aptamer is firstly deposited on a GRA surface. In contrast, if both 3′ and 5′ termini arrive together, they act as legs to stand on a GRA sheet generating the U-loop like structure before collapsing. Like other studies, laying flat onto a GRA sheet is the most favourable. The high nucleobase-GRA contacts and highly water-exposed phosphate backbone are observed. This implies key roles of nucleobases for GRA adsorption and a phosphate backbone for binding analytes and triggering further desorption.