Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Methods

Mice 58 TH::IRES-Cre C57BL/6J male mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the tyrosine hydoxylase promoter (TH::IRES-Cre), 14 TH::IRES-Cre C57BL/6J female mice and 6 DAT::IREs-Cre C57BL/6J male mice, all of ages 12-20 weeks, were used for these experiments. Mice were group-housed with 3-5 mice/cage on a 12-hr on, 12 hr off light schedule. All behavioral testing was performed during the light off time. All experimental procedures and animal care was performed in accordance with the guidelines set by the National Institutes of Health and were approved by the Princeton University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Instrumental Reversal Learning Task Mice undergoing behavioral testing were water-restricted to 80-85% of their ad-libitum weight. All behavioral experiments were performed in a 21 x 18 cm modular operant chamber (MED Associates, ENV-307W). The nose port, levers and rewards were confined to one wall of the chamber. The beginning of each trial was signaled by the illumination of a central nose poke. Upon entering the nose poke, animals initiated the release of two levers spaced equidistantly right and left of the center nose poke after a random jittered delay between 0-1s. Animals were given 10s to press a lever, failure to do so resulted in an abandoned trial (<2% of trials for all mice) which was excluded from analysis. A lever press resulted in either the CS
What can disabled academics' career experiences offer to studies of organization?

Whilst there have been calls to theorize and explore how disability and ableism are constructed through organizing processes as a contribution to the critique of knowledge construction in organization studies (Harlan and Robert, 1998; Hearn and Parkin, 1993; Mumby, 2008), to date such calls have not been developed. Drawing upon the disability studies literature, a disability studies informed theoretical lens is developed and fused with the epistemological project in organization studies to answer the research question “What can disabled academics’ career experiences offer to studies of organization? ” The theoretical potential of a disability studies lens is developed through a narrative inquiry with eight disabled academics. To interpret disabled academics’ narrative accounts the voice-centred relational method (Mauthner and Doucet, 1998), genealogical snapshot(Carabine, 2001) and voice and visibility framework (Simpson and Lewis, 2005; 2007)were fused. This enabled an approach to interpreting how disabled academics both construct through narrative and are constructed through discourse to explore their career experiences. Through a fusion of the disability studies lens and disability studies, boundaryless and academic career literatures, in-depth interpretations are offered which identify new insights into, and surface some of the discourses contributing to, the career boundaries disabled academics experience. This focus contributes to the boundaryless and academic career literatures by extending research to participants whose experiences are underresearched and under-theorized. The thesis offers insights into the different career boundaries disabled academics experience to those currently identified within the boundaryless and academic career literatures. The importance of, and negating responses to, disability and impairment effects related ways of organizing are argued to contribute to the career boundaries disabled academics experience. Ableism is argued to inform some of the discourses theorized, contributing to the perception of disability and impairment effects related ways of organizing as negated differences outside of normative expectations. The UK Higher Education context is complex. The career boundaries and discourses informing perceptions of disabled academics’ organizing requirements are argued to contribute to a hyper-complex organizing context. Within this hyper-complex context, disabled academics, and those they relate with, must negotiate to organize academic careers. This thesis offers a disability studies lens to organization studies as a productive theoretical lens through which disability and ableism are theorized and identified as productive categories for analysis, and as contributions to, studies of organization.
The ATPase Cycle of the Mitotic Motor CENP-E*

We have previously shown that the mitotic motor centrosome protein E (CENP-E) is capable of walking for more than 250 steps on its microtubule track without dissociating. We have examined the kinetics of this molecular motor to see if its enzymology explains this remarkable degree of processivity. We find that like the highly processive transport motor kinesin 1, the enzymatic cycle of CENP-E is characterized by rapid ATP binding, multiple enzymatic turnovers per diffusive encounter, and gating of nucleotide binding. These features endow CENP-E with a high duty cycle, a prerequisite for processivity. However, unlike kinesin 1, neck linker docking in CENP-E is slow, occurring at a rate closer to that for Eg5, a mitotic kinesin that takes only 5–10 steps per processive run. These results suggest that like kinesin 1, features outside of the catalytic domain of CENP-E may also play a role in regulating the processive behavior of this motor.
A high-molecular-weight complex of membrane proteins BAP29/BAP31 is involved in the retention of membrane-bound IgD in the endoplasmic reticulum

B cell antigen receptors (BCRs) are multimeric transmembrane protein complexes comprising membrane-bound immunoglobulins (mIgs) and Ig-α/Ig-β heterodimers. In most cases, transport of mIgs from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cell surface requires assembly with the Ig-α/Ig-β subunits. In addition to Ig-α/Ig-β, mIg molecules also bind two ER-resident membrane proteins, BAP29 and BAP31, and the chaperone heavy chain binding protein (BiP). In this article, we show that neither Ig-α/Ig-β nor BAP29/BAP31 nor BiP bind simultaneously to the same mIgD molecule. Blue native PAGE revealed that only a minor fraction of intracellular mIgD is associated with high-molecular-weight BAP29/BAP31 complexes. BAP-binding to mIgs was found to correlate with ER retention of chimeric mIgD molecules. On high-level expression in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells, mIgD molecules were detected on the cell surface in the absence of Ig-α/Ig-β. This aberrant transport was prevented by coexpression of BAP29 and BAP31. Thus, BAP complexes contribute to ER retention of mIg complexes that are not bound to Ig-α/Ig-β. Furthermore, the mechanism of ER retention of both BAP31 and mIgD is not through retrieval from a post-ER compartment, but true ER retention. In conclusion, BAP29 and BAP31 might be the long sought after retention proteins and/or chaperones that act on transmembrane regions of various proteins.
Low-frequency sound affects active micromechanics in the human inner ear

Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common auditory pathologies, resulting from overstimulation of the human cochlea, an exquisitely sensitive micromechanical device. At very low frequencies (less than 250 Hz), however, the sensitivity of human hearing, and therefore the perceived loudness is poor. The perceived loudness is mediated by the inner hair cells of the cochlea which are driven very inadequately at low frequencies. To assess the impact of low-frequency (LF) sound, we exploited a by-product of the active amplification of sound outer hair cells (OHCs) perform, so-called spontaneous otoacoustic emissions. These are faint sounds produced by the inner ear that can be used to detect changes of cochlear physiology. We show that a short exposure to perceptually unobtrusive, LF sounds significantly affects OHCs: a 90 s, 80 dB(A) LF sound induced slow, concordant and positively correlated frequency and level oscillations of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions that lasted for about 2 min after LF sound offset. LF sounds, contrary to their unobtrusive perception, strongly stimulate the human cochlea and affect amplification processes in the most sensitive and important frequency range of human hearing.
The rise and fall of the Indian rope trick

In the classic version of the Indian rope trick the performer first causes a rope to rise into the air. His boy assistant then scurries up the rope and promptly disappears. Next, the performer climbs the rope after the boy and also vanishes. Moments later, dismembered parts of the boy's body fall to the ground. The performer now descends the rope and places these parts into a basket. Finally, the boy jumps from the basket, fully restored to life. This legendary rope trick has generated over a hundred years of debate among scientists, psychical researchers, journalists, magicians and the public. This paper is an attempt to present a comprehensive solution to the legend. The paper describes how the legend of the trick became known in the West via a hoax article carried by an American newspaper in 1890. The paper then notes how the legend gained momentum when witnesses claimed to have actually seen the trick, and occasionally produced photographic and filmic evidence to support their claims. The paper presents a detailed critique of this evidence and concludes that it is less than convincing. The photographic and filmic evidence is either inauthentic or hoaxed, and the eyewitness accounts were unreliable. The paper then outlines how those who believed in the reality of the trick attempted to account for the illusion, and notes how writers variously argued that the trick was a genuine paranormal event, the result of mass hallucination or a magic trick. A final section of the paper considers why the legend of the trick has achieved worldwide popularity. 1 The authors would like to thank Eddie Dawes and Marcello Truzzi for their comments on this article. We are also indebted to them and the following individuals for supplying valuable information related to the article: Douglas Cameron, Mrs Amy Dawes, Peter Lane, Bob Loomis, B Premenand, and Alan Wesencraft.
Our Little Secret: A History of Writing Centers, Pre’to Post’Open Admissions

en minutes later, the article goes on to tell us, Judy beamed with enthusiasm as she walked down the hall. A consultant from the center, English professor Laura Ress, had just given her a unique topic: how the French went to Ireland to help with the Irish Revolution. The photo inset shows a student seated next to Professor Ress, who is apparently talking and, pen in hand, seems poised to write. I came across this article as I searched the archives of the writing center I now direct, the writing center at Fairfield University. Judging solely from this introduction, James Lomuscio's article, "Students get help at writing center," published in the Fairfield Fairpress on March 3, 1982, confirms the
Liposomes bearing fibrinogen could potentially interfere with platelet interaction and procoagulant activity

Background The contribution of fibrinogen (FBN) to hemostasis acting on platelet aggregation and clot formation is well established. It has been suggested that FBN-coated liposomes could be useful in restoring hemostasis. In the present study, we evaluated the modifications induced by multilamellar raw liposomes (MLV) or fibrinogen-coated liposomes (MLV-FBN) on hemostatic parameters. Materials and methods Different experimental settings using whole blood or thrombocy-topenic blood were used. Thromboelastometry, aggregation studies, platelet function analyzer (PFA-100®) tests and studies under flow conditions were applied to detect the effect of MLV-FBN on hemostatic parameters. Results The presence of MLV-FBN in whole blood modified its viscoelastic properties, prolonging clot formation time (CFT) (226.5 ± 26.1 mm versus 124.1 ± 9.4 mm; P < 0.01) but reducing clot firmness (45.4 ± 1.8 mm versus 35.5 ± 2.3 mm; P < 0.05). Under thrombocy-topenic conditions, FIBTEM analysis revealed that MLV-FBN shortened clotting time (CT) compared to MLV (153.3 ± 2.8 s versus 128.0 ± 4.6 s; P < 0.05). Addition of either liposome decreased fibrin formation on the subendothelium (MLV 8.1% ± 4.7% and MLV-FBN 0.8% ± 0.5% versus control 36.4% ± 6.7%; P < 0.01), whereas only MLV-FBN significantly reduced fibrin deposition in thrombocytopenic blood (14.4% ± 6.3% versus control 34.5% ± 5.2%; P < 0.05). MLV-FBN inhibited aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (52.1% ± 8.1% versus 88.0% ± 2.1% in control; P < 0.01) and ristocetin (40.3% ± 8.8% versus 94.3% ± 1.1%; P < 0.005), but it did not modify closure times in PFA-100® studies. In perfusion experiments using whole blood, MLV and MLV-FBN decreased the covered surface (13.25% ± 2.4% and 9.85% ± 2.41%, respectively, versus control 22.0% ± 2.0%; P < 0.01) and the percentage of large aggregates (8.4% ± 2.3% and 3.3% ± 1.01%, respectively, versus control 14.6% ± 1.8%; P < 0.01). Conclusion Our results reveal that, in addition to the main contribution of fibrinogen to hemostasis, MLV-FBN inhibits platelet-mediated hemostasis and coagulation mechanisms.
Development of an Efficient Binaural Simulation for the Analysis of Structural Acoustic Data

Abstract Binaural or "virtual acoustic" representation has been proposed as a method of analyzingacoustic and vibro-acoustic data. Unfortunately, this binaural representation can requireextensive computer power to apply the Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) to alarge number of sources, as with a vibrating structure. This work focuses on reducing thenumber of real-time computations required in this binaural analysis through the use ofSingular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Equivalent Source Reduction (ESR). TheSVD method reduces the complexity of the HRTF computations by breaking the HRTFsinto dominant singular values (and vectors). The ESR method reduces the number ofsources to be analyzed in real-time computation by replacing sources on the scale of astructural wavelength with sources on the scale of an acoustic wavelength. It is shownthat the effectiveness of the SVD and ESR methods improves as the complexity of thesource increases. In addition, preliminary auralization tests have shown that the resultsfrom both the SVD and ESR methods are indistinguishable from the results found withthe exhaustive method.IntroductionImprovements in digital acquisition and sensor technology have led to an increase in theability to acquire large data sets. One potential way of analyzing structural acoustic datais the creation of a three-dimensional audio-visual environment. For example, an audio-visual virtual representation of the inside of the space station could allow designers andastronauts to experience and analyze the acoustic properties of the space station.Incorporating the visual aspect with the acoustic allows the user to sift rapidly throughnoise data to determine what parts of a vibrating structure are radiating sound to whatareas in an acoustic enclosure.Unfortunately, the three-dimensional (or binaural) simulation of structural data is notcurrently feasible because of the large number of computations required to analyze adistributed source. The objective of this research has been to reduce the number ofcalculations required to calculate the binaural signals of an acoustically large source.Both pre-processing and real-time reduction methods will be discussed.Binaural literally means "two ears", and is a term used to describe three-dimensionalsound [1]. Humans detect the direction of sound using the differences in the sound that isheard by each ear. For example, a sound from the right will be louder in the right earthan in the left. This sound level difference is termed Interaural Intensity Difference(liD) and is one of the most important aural cues for localizing sound. Anotherlocalization cue is the Interaural Time Difference, or ITD [2]. This is the difference inthe amount of time taken for a sound to reach each ear. In the preceding example, thesound coming from the right of the head is heard by the right ear less than lms beforebeing sensed by the left ear. This small ITD is sensed by the brain and used to determinethe location of the sound source.
Early learning and adaptive behaviour in toddlers with Down syndrome: evidence for an emerging behavioural phenotype?

BACKGROUND Though the Down syndrome behavioural phenotype has been described as involving relative strengths in visuo-spatial processing and sociability, and relative weaknesses in verbal skills and motor planning, the early emergence of this phenotypic pattern of strengths and weaknesses has not yet been fully explored. METHOD In this study, we compared the performance of eighteen 2 to 3-year-olds with Down syndrome to an MA-matched comparison group of nineteen 2 to 3-year-olds with mixed developmental disabilities, and an MA-matched comparison group of 24 children with typical development on two developmental measures: the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales. RESULTS While the specificity of the Down syndrome profile was (for the most part) not yet evident, results showed that toddlers with Down syndrome in this study did show emerging areas of relative strength and weakness similar to that which has been described in older children and young adults with Down syndrome. This pattern included relatively stronger social skills, weaker expressive language, and poor motor coordination. When this pattern of strengths and weaknesses was compared to the developmental profiles of the two comparison groups, socialisation strengths differentiated the Down syndrome group from the mixed developmental disabilities group.
Adolescence: Continuity, Change, and Diversity

Defining Adolescents: Who Are They? The Study of Adolescence: Theory and Research The Biological and Physical Changes of Adolescence: Puberty, Health, and Well-Being The Cognitive Changes of Adolescence Defining the Self: Identity and Intimacy Adolescents in the Family: Changing Roles and Relationships Adolescents and their Friends Adolescents in the Schools Leisure, Work, and College Sexuality Facing the Future: Values in Transition The Problems of Youth Positive Development in Adolescence: Meeting the Challenges and Making It Work
TWITTER AS A NEWS SOURCE

Twitter has become a convenient, cheap and effective beat for journalists in search of news and information. Reporters today increasingly aggregate information online and embed it in journalism discourse. In this paper, we analyse how tweets have increasingly been included as quotes in newspaper reporting during the rise of Twitter from 2007 to 2011. The paper compares four Dutch and four British national tabloids and broadsheets, asking if tabloid journalists are relying more on this second-hand coverage than their colleagues from quality papers. Moreover, we investigate in which sections of the paper tweets are included and what kinds of sources are quoted. Consequently, we present a typology of the functions tweets have in news reports. Reporters do include these utterances as either newsworthy or to support or illustrate a story. In some cases, individual tweets or interaction between various agents on Twitter even triggers news coverage. We argue that this new discursive practice alters the balance of power between journalists and sources.
Caring for pets of immunocompromised persons.

Several million people in the United States have compromised immune systems, including an estimated 1 million people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1). Immunocompromised persons are susceptible to a number of opportunistic infections. However, although opportunistic infections may be acquired from pets, and although 30 to 40% of immunocompromised persons may own pets (2), few immune-suppressed individuals are offered information about zoonoses prevention. In this report, we provide veterinarians with guidelines for a zoonoses prevention program for their immunocompromised clients.
Caffeine attenuates the renal vascular response to angiotensin II infusion.

Non-modulation has been proposed as an intermediate phenotype in human essential hypertension. The trait is characterized by blunted aldosterone and renal plasma flow responses to short-term angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. Elevated tissue Ang II levels or decreased tissue adenosine levels could account for this decreased sensitivity to Ang II. In support of the latter possibility, endogenous adenosine has been shown to contribute to the renal vasoconstrictive response to Ang II in animals. We therefore tested the hypothesis that endogenous adenosine contributes to modulation of renal plasma flow in sodium-replete humans. We examined the effect of long-term administration of the adenosine receptor antagonist caffeine on baseline renal plasma flow and on the renal plasma flow response to short-term Ang II infusion in six salt-replete normotensive subjects in a single-blind, placebo-controlled study. para-Aminohippurate clearance was used to assess renal plasma flow. Ang II was infused in graded doses (0.3 to 3 ng/kg per minute) in the presence and absence of caffeine (250 mg PO TID for 7 days). Blood pressure, plasma renin activity, Ang II, electrolytes, and para-aminohippurate clearance were measured before and after each dose of Ang II. Caffeine did not alter either baseline blood pressure or the blood pressure response to Ang II but did increase baseline plasma renin activity from 0.72 +/- 0.09 to 1.42 +/- 0.26 ng angiotensin I/mL per hour (P = .01). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Computer-assisted detection of nocturnal leg motor activity in patients with restless legs syndrome and periodic leg movements during sleep.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the performance of a new method for automatic detection of periodic leg movements during sleep. METHODS Leg movements during sleep were visually detected in the tibialis anterior muscles recordings of 15 patients with restless legs syndrome and 15 normal controls. Leg movements were detected automatically by means of a new computer method with which electromyogram signals are first digitally band-pass filtered and then rectified; subsequently, the detection of leg movements is performed by using 2 thresholds: one for the starting point and another to detect the end point of each leg movement. Sensitivity and false-positive rate were obtained; the American Sleep Disorders Association parameters were also computed, and the results analyzed by means of the Kendall W coefficient, the linear correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman plots. SETTING N/A. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen patients with restless legs syndrome and periodic leg movements and 15 controls. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS High values of the Kendall W coefficient of concordance between automatic and visual analysis were found with values close to 1 and the linear correlation coefficient for leg movements index and total leg movements index was > 0.950 (p < .000001). The Bland-Altman plots provided the limits of agreement between visual and computer detection, which were -9.01 and +9.89 for the periodic leg movement index. None of the normal controls was found to have periodic leg movement indexes >5 after automatic analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our method can be applied to the clinical evaluation of periodic leg movements during sleep, with some caution in patients with a low periodic leg movement indexes. Large-scale research application is possible and can be considered as reliable.