Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment Approaches to Esophagogastric Junction Tumors

Esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinomas are usually classified into one of the three categories of the Siewert system. The clinicopathological features of EGJ adenocarcinomas vary according to this classification scheme. The lymphatic flow in EGJ tumors of any type is mainly toward the abdomen, and nodal metastasis to the upper or middle mediastinum from Siewert type II or III tumors is relatively uncommon. Thus, the transhiatal approach is regarded as the standard in surgery for Siewert type II or III tumors, while the transthoracic approach via a right thoracotomy is recommended for Siewert type I tumors. Chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is regarded as the standard treatment for resectable cancer of the EGJ in Western countries, but the necessity of adding radiation therapy to preoperative chemotherapy remains unknown. In the East, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is the current standard of care since the survival benefit was proven in pivotal randomized trials for stage II/III gastric cancer, including adenocarcinoma of the EGJ.
Rad 6 Overexpression Induces Multinucleation , Centrosome Amplification , Abnormal Mitosis , Aneuploidy , and Transformation 1

We have isolated by differential RNA display a cDNA that is upregulated in metastatic mammary tumor lines. This cDNA corresponds to HR6B, the yeast homologue of Rad6, a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and a key player in postreplication repair and induced mutagenesis in the yeast. We show that Rad6 protein expressed in metastatic tumor lines is wild type and functional, because it is able to catalyze the transfer of ubiquitin to histone H2b and is predominantly localized in the nucleus as compared with cytoplasmic localization in normal or nonmetastatic mammary cells. This pattern of Rad6 protein expression/localization is not restricted to breast cancer cell lines, because human breast carcinomas display similar patterns of Rad6 up-regulation and nuclear localization suggesting that deregulation in expression of Rad6 may be an important step in transformation to malignant phenotype. Constitutive overexpression of exogenous human HR6B cDNA into normal-behaving MCF10A human breast epithelial cells induced cell-cell fusion that resulted in generation of multinucleated cells, centrosome amplification, multipolar mitotic spindles, aneuploidy, and ability for anchorage-independent growth. Double immunofluorescence labeling experiments demonstrated the colocalization of Rad6 protein with -tubulin on centrosomes. This physical association of Rad6 with centrosomes is maintained throughout the interphase and mitotic phases of the cell cycle. The Rad6 protein exhibits notable alterations in distribution during interphase and mitotic stages of the cell cycle that are compatible with its function as a transcription factor. These findings suggest that Rad6 is an important ubiquitinconjugating enzyme that may play a significant role in the maintenance of genomic integrity of mammalian cells and that an imbalance in the levels and activity of Rad6 could lead to chromosomal instability and transformation in vitro.
Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Dating Violence Among North American Indigenous Adolescents

This study examined the lifetime prevalence of physical dating violence, including victimization, perpetration, and the overlap between the two (mutual violence), among a population sample of 551 reservation/reserve residing Indigenous (i.e., American Indian and Canadian First Nations) adolescents in the upper-Midwest of the United States and Canada. Potential correlates of four dating violence profiles (i.e., no dating violence, perpetration only, victimization only, and mutual violence) relevant to this population also were considered. The clearest pattern to emerge from multinomial logistic regression analyses suggested that adolescents who engage in problem behaviors, exhibit high levels of anger, and perceive high levels of discrimination have increased odds of lifetime mutual dating violence relative to those reporting no dating violence. Furthermore, gender comparisons indicated that females were more likely to report being perpetrators only, whereas males were more likely to report being victims only. Considerations of dating violence profiles and culturally relevant prevention strategies are discussed.
Antenatal Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition Restores Postnatal Growth and Pulmonary Development in a Model of Chorioamnionitis in Rabbits

Chorioamnionitis is implicated in the pathophysiology of bronchopulmonary disease, and the associated inflammatory response is responsible for adverse effects on alveolar development. The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4)-selective inhibitor, rolipram (a modulator of the inflammatory response), in an experimental model of chorioamnionitis on pulmonary development and on the processes of infection and inflammation. Rabbit mothers were assigned to four groups: 1) saline serum inoculation (controls); 2) Escherichia coli intrauterine inoculation (C+); 3) rolipram infusion (R+); and 4) E. coli inoculation + rolipram infusion (C+R+). High rates of morbility and mortality were noticed in mothers and pups (5 of 13 pregnant rabbits in groups with rolipram). Alveolar development, inflammation, and infection were analyzed in pups at day 0 and day 5. At day 0, in the context of chorioamnionitis, rolipram significantly decreased birth weight (p < 0.01) relative to that of controls (p < 0.05). At day 5, weight normalized in group C+R+ but not in group C+ relative to controls (p < 0.001); moreover, alveolar airspace volume was preserved in group C+R+ but not in group C+ (p < 0.05). Interstitial volume decreased in group C+ versus controls (p < 0.05) but was preserved in group C+R+. Specific alveolar area was not significantly modified by rolipram. No significant difference was found concerning bronchoalveolar lavage cellularity, and all blood cultures remained sterile. In this model of impaired alveologenesis, rolipram significantly preserved specific alveolar density. However, PDE4 inhibition induced antenatal fetal demise and growth retardation.
The Src-family kinase, Fyn, regulates the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in an interleukin 2-responsive T cell line

The proliferation of antigen-activated T cells is mediated by the T cell-derived growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL-2). The biochemical signaling cascades initiating IL-2-induced growth are dependent upon protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activity. One IL-2-regulated PTK implicated in this cascade is the Src-family kinase, Fyn. Previous studies have described a physical association between Fyn and a potential downstream substrate, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3- kinase) as well as the IL-2-dependent activation of PI3-kinase in T cells; however, the role of Fyn in IL-2-induced PI3-kinase activation remains unclear. In this report, we demonstrate that IL-2 stimulation triggers tyrosine phosphorylation of the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase in the murine T cell line, CTLL-2. Lysates prepared from growth factor- deprived and IL-2-stimulated T cells reconstituted both the binding of CTLL-2 cell-derived Fyn to and the IL-2-inducible tyrosine phosphorylation of exogenously added recombinant p85. Furthermore, overexpression of wild-type Fyn in these cells enhanced both the basal and IL-2-mediated activation of PI3-kinase. Additional studies of the Fyn-PI3-kinase interaction demonstrated that the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of Fyn constitutes a direct binding site for the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase. These results support the notion that Fyn may be directly involved in the activation of the downstream signaling enzyme, PI3- kinase, in IL-2-stimulated T cells.
Towards a Left MTL Specialization for Arbitrary-Associative Learning? A Multiple-Case Study

Since the famous case of HM provided unquestionable evidence for the involvement of medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures in memory, a dominant neuropsychological model raised up in the 1970’s. Brenda Milner proposed that “the most significant variable (to explain post-surgery memory outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy) is the verbal or non-verbal character of the material to be retained” [1]. This model predicts that verbal and non-verbal memories are homogenous and independent systems, respectively relying upon left and right temporal lobes. Yet, series of cases of amnesia following unilateral temporal lobectomy have been documented, drawing a more complex picture [2]. Moreover, cases of poorer verbalmemory outcome after right TL surgery had been reported [3], and other studies underlined deficits in spatial learning after left surgery. Taken together, those data strongly challenges the dominant material-specific view. In linewith those challenging data,other authors suggested that beyond material-specificity, task-specifi-
Application of existing wireless power transfer standards in automotive applications

This work reviews existing standards for wireless power transfer and discusses possibilities for a unified standard in consumer electronics and automotive industry. The requirements for deployment of the wireless power transfer technology in electric vehicles are the main focus of this survey. The provided overview summarizes the applicable regulations, points out the main limitations of the existing standards, and proposes several key points for a wireless power transfer standard in automotive industry.
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce When Customer Behaviours Change, Should Banks' Approaches to Online Trading Stay the Same?

Verona. Her research and teaching interests cover the area of Information System and organizational change, the role of IS in inter-organizational information systems, electronic markets and the impact of Business Intelligence Systems within the organizations. On this subject she has published more than 100 papers and books. She published books and papers on outsourcing, ISD methods and techniques and on organizational creativity. Abstract What drives the behaviors of banks and their customers in time of profound changes? The modern economic crisis has significantly affected consumers' willingness to invest and made them more price sensitive, more rational in their decision making, and thus more challenging for banks to serve. Considering these relevant changes, banks have pursued projects to improve their internal processes and online services. Considering these changes in customer behavior and in the banking sector, some crucial questions arise. How has the strategy banks use to provide online trading services changed in the past decade? Can outsourcing and new managerial practices resolve the lack of specific competencies and assets that marked the banking sector in the past? This study, conducted in an Italian banking context, suggests that banks can attain all three elements by engaging in smart sourcing of online services to minimize costs, gain and sustain competitive advantages, and promote strategic assets.
Population Genetic Structure of a Microalgal Species under Expansion

Biological invasions often cause major perturbations in the environment and are well studied among macroorganisms. Less is known about invasion by free-living microbes. Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae) is a freshwater phytoplankton species that has increased in abundance in Northern Europe since the 1980's and has expanded its habitat range. In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic population structure of G. semen in Northern Europe and to what extent it reflects the species' recent expansion. We sampled lakes from 12 locations (11 lakes) in Norway, Sweden and Finland. Multiple strains from each location were genotyped using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). We found low differentiation between locations, and low gene diversity within each location. Moreover, there was an absence of genetic isolation with distance (Mantel test, p = 0.50). According to a Bayesian clustering method all the isolates belonged to the same genetic population. Together our data suggest the presence of one metapopulation and an overall low diversity, which is coherent with a recent expansion of G. semen.
Amplification of nonlinear strain waves in solids

* Basic Concepts * Mathematical Tools for the Governing Equations Analysis * Strain Solitary Waves in an Elastic Rod * Amplification of Strain Waves in Absence of External Energy Influx * Influence of Dissipative (Active) External Medium * Bulk Active or Dissipative Sources of the Amplification and Selection
Investor Sentiment and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns

We examine how investor sentiment affects the cross-section of stock returns. Theory predicts that a broad wave of sentiment will disproportionately affect stocks whose valuations are highly subjective and are difficult to arbitrage. We test this prediction by studying how the cross-section of subsequent stock returns varies with proxies for beginning-of-period investor sentiment. When sentiment is low, subsequent returns are relatively high on smaller stocks, high volatility stocks, unprofitable stocks, non-dividend-paying stocks, extreme-growth stocks, and distressed stocks, consistent with an initial underpricing of these stocks. When sentiment is high, on the other hand, these patterns attenuate or fully reverse. The results are consistent with predictions and appear unlikely to reflect an alternative explanation based on compensation for systematic risk.
Fatal Pulmonary Embolism in Cancer Patients: Is Heparin Prophylaxis Justified

The incidence of fatal and nonfatal pulmonary embolism (PE) was evaluated in a series of 578 patients, to quantify the suspected higher risk in cancer patients of death from massive PE when compared with patients not having cancer. PE occurred in 13% and was fatal in 8% of noncancer patients. It occurred in 17% and was fatal in 14% (P < .05) of cancer patients. Of these cases of PE, 75% occurred in patients with adenocarcinoma and 62% in those having tumors of the pancreas, breast, large bowel, prostate, lung, and ovary. One of every seven hospitalized cancer patients died not of cancer but of PE, and 60% of all patients who died of massive PE had localized cancer or limited metastatic disease which would have allowed for reasonably long survival in absence of lethal PE. Accordingly, we strongly suggest use of prophylactic anticoagulation in hospitalized cancer patients having otherwise good prospects for reasonably long survival.
On Framing Effects in Decision Making: Linking Lateral versus Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex Activation to Choice Outcome Processing

Two correlates of outcome processing in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) have been proposed in the literature: One hypothesis suggests that the lateral/medial division relates to representation of outcome valence (negative vs. positive), and the other suggests that the medial OFC maintains steady stimulus-outcome associations, whereas the lateral OFC represents changing (unsteady) outcomes to prepare for response shifts. These two hypotheses were contrasted by comparing the original with the inverted version of the Iowa Gambling Task in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment. Results showed (1) that (caudo) lateral OFC was indeed sensitive to the steadiness of the outcomes and not merely to outcome valence and (2) that the original and the inverted tasks, although both designed to measure sensitivity for future outcomes, were not equivalent as they enacted different behaviors and brain activation patterns. Results are interpreted in terms of Kahneman and Tversky's prospect theory suggesting that cognitions and decisions are biased differentially when probabilistic future rewards are weighed against consistent punishments relative to the opposite scenario [Kahneman, D. , & Tversky, A. Choices, values, and frames. American Psychologist, 39, 341350, 1984]. Specialized processing of unsteady rewards (involving caudolateral OFC) may have developed during evolution in support of goal-related thinking, prospective planning, and problem solving.
Regularized ZF in cooperative broadcast channels under distributed CSIT: A large system analysis

Obtaining accurate Channel State Information (CSI) at multiple Transmitters (TXs) is critical to the performance of many cooperative transmission schemes, including joint precoding in the context of network MIMO. Practical CSI feedback and limited backhaul-based sharing creates degradations of CSI which are specific to each TX, giving rise to a Distributed (D-) CSI configuration. In the D-CSI broadcast channel setting, each TX implements separate elements of the joint multi-user precoder based on its own individual CSI estimate. In this work, we presents a first finite-SNR regime rate analysis for a network-MIMO (broadcast channel) under a distributed CSI setting. Of particular importance is the notion of a “price of distributedness” which penalizes the D-CSI setting over the conventional centralized one with the same overall feedback quality. To tackle this problem, we apply tools from the field of Random Matrix Theory (RMT) to derive deterministic equivalents of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) for a popular class of precoders. Our key finding lies in the notion that the price of distributedness converges to a predictable value, bounded away from zero, as the number of antennas grows.
Effect of HSP27 and Cofilin in the injury of hypoxia/reoxygenation on hepatocyte membrane F-actin microfilaments

Abstract Hypoxia–reoxygenation (H/R) injury hepatocyte models were established to simulate the ischemia/reperfusion injury of transplanted organ. Through the study of the molecular mechanism of H/R on the F-actin damage of the liver cytomembrane, the mechanism of F-actin damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion was studied from the level of cell and molecule. The hypoxic environment of cells in vitro was simulated by chemical hypoxia agent CoCl2. Liver cells were detected by MTT, H/R group was subdivided into 3 subgroups: H/R 2, 4, and 6 h. Changes of cell shape and the growth state, apoptosis, ultrastructural changes, and the changes in F-actin microfilament content were observed. Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), Cofilin, and F-actin gene and protein levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay, respectively. Cells showed circular adherence growth under normal circumstances, while the spindle cells and shedding cells were significantly increased in H/R groups. Apoptosis cells in H/R group were increased significantly with the extension of hypoxia time. The number of endoplasmic reticulum was decreased significantly in the H/R group, the mitochondrion hydropic was degenerated and the glycogen was disappeared. The F-actin fibers in the H/R group were disordered, the morphology of the fibers was obviously decreased, and the fluorescence staining decreased obviously (P < .05). The transcription and expression levels of HSP27, Cofilin, and F-actin were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .05). These results demonstrate that H/R can affect the correct assembly of F-actin microfilaments and weakens the normal cycle of F-actin microfilaments through inhibiting the protein expression and gene transcription of HSP27 and Cofilin in hepatocytes, thereby changing the skeleton of F-actin microfilaments.
Evaluation of Microalgae for use as Nutraceuticals and Nutritional Supplements

As proper nourishment is a growing concern with increasing world populations, sustainable sources of nutritional value are needed. Due to the diverse nutritional components algae can produce and concentrate, along with their simple and rapid growth characteristics, these autotrophic organisms are exceedingly desired for use in nutraceuticals and nutritional supplements. Many types of algae have documented health benefits from strengthening the immune system to fighting cancer and heart disease. Information presented in this article was mined from quality, peer-reviewed published literature, technical reports and books. This review evaluates the use of Chlorella, Dunaliella, Haematococcus, Aphanizomenon, and Spirulina as nutraceuticals and nutritional supplements, in terms of production, nutritional components, and documented health benefits.
Cognitive deficits in women after childbirth.

OBJECTIVE To test the cognitive function of parturients in the days immediately after delivery. METHODS One hundred postpartum mothers who delivered normal full-term infants were tested on standardized neuropsychological tests--the Wechsler Logical Memory Test and the Wechsler Visual Reproduction Test. Their test results were compared with those of nonpregnant childless women, third-trimester high-risk pregnant women, and fathers of newborns. RESULTS Postpartum women scored significantly lower than nonpregnant women on both tests on the first postpartum day. The use of intrapartum analgesia mitigated the cognitive deficit. High-risk pregnant women and fathers scored lower than nonpregnant women only on the Logical Memory Test. CONCLUSION Objective documentation that postpartum women have transient deficits in cognitive function, particularly in memory function, can guide caretakers in the design of care plans for the postpartum lying-in period.
Testing the epidemiologic paradox of low birth weight in Latinos.

BACKGROUND Rates of low-birth-weight (LBW) infants are similar between Latina and white women, an epidemiologic paradox. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between ethnicity, Latino subgroup, confounding variables, and LBW. METHODS We analyzed 395070 singleton livebirths to Latina and non-Latina white women in California during 1992. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risks due to Latino ethnicity and Latino subgroup for very LBW (VLBW, 500-1499 g) and moderately LBW (MLBW, 1500-2499 g) outcomes. RESULTS Latina and white women had similar unadjusted rates of VLBW (0.7% vs. 0.6%) and MLBW infants (3.7% vs. 3.4%). After adjusting for maternal age, education, birthplace, marital status, parity, tobacco use, use of prenatal care, infant sex, and gestational age, there was no difference in the odds of VLBW infants between Latina and white women (OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.81-1.071). Latina women had minimally elevated odds of MLBW infants (OR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.01-1.11]) compared with white women. By Latino subgroup, there was no difference in the adjusted odds of VLBW infants among Central and South American, Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and white women. The adjusted odds of MLBW infants were elevated among Central and South American (OR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.05-1.25]) and Puerto Rican women (OR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.12-1.78]), relative to white women. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiologic paradox of LBW in Latinos is valid. New conceptual models are needed to identify Latina women who are at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.