Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Staging/typing of Lewy body related alpha-synuclein pathology

When 22 members of the BrainNet Europe (BNE) consortium assessed 31 cases with a-synuclein (aS) immunoreactive (IR) pathology applying the consensus protocol described by McKeith and colleagues in 2005, the inter-observer agreement was 80%, being lowest in the limbic category (73%). When applying the staging protocol described by Braak and colleagues in 2003, agreement was only 65%, and in some cases as low as 36%. When modifications of these strategies, i.e., McKeith’s protocol by Leverenz and colleagues from 2009, Braak’s staging by Muller and colleagues from 2005 were applied then the agreement increased to 78 and 82%, respectively. In both of these modifications, a reduced number of anatomical regions/blocks are assessed and still in a substantial number of cases, the inter-observer agreement differed significantly. Over 80% agreement in both typing and staging of aS pathology could be achieved when applying a new protocol, jointly designed by the BNE consortium. The BNE-protocol assessing aS-IR lesions in nine blocks I. Alafuzoff, P. Ince, J. Bell, J. Ironside, S. Gentleman, H. Kretzschmar did primary assessment of all cases; I. Alafuzoff, P. Ince the construction of the assessment recommendations. Each listed author carried out the assessment and contributed to manuscript revision. A. Rozemuller Netherlands Brain Bank, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands N. Kavantzas P. Korkolopoulou E. Patsouris Department of Pathology, National and Capodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece I. Ferrer E. Gelpi Institut de Neuropatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain P. Parchi Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italy J. Bell J. W. Ironside Department of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK C. Stadelmann-Nessler Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, Gottingen, Germany N. Bogdanovic Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden I. Alafuzoff L. Parkkinen Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland S. Gentleman Neuropathology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Imperial College, London, UK S. Al-Sarraj I. Bodi A. King Department of Clinical Neuropathology, London Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK D. Meyronet N. Streichenberger Faculte de Medecine Laennec Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Neuropathologie et Pathologie-Est, Universite Lyon 1, Lyon, France O. Bugiani G. Giaccone Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy T. Arzberger H. Kretzschmar Centre for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany 123 Acta Neuropathol (2009) 117:635–652 DOI 10.1007/s00401-009-0523-2
TAPER : An Efficient Two-Step Approach for All-strong-pairs Correlation Query in Transaction Databases

Given a user-specified minimum correlation threshold and a transaction database with items, all-strongpairs correlation query finds all item pairs with correlations above the threshold . However, when the number of items and transactions are large, the computation cost of this query can be very high. In this paper, we identify an upper bound of Pearson’s correlation coefficient for binary variables. This upper bound is not only much cheaper to compute than Pearson’s correlation coefficient but also exhibits a special monotone property which allows pruning of many item pairs even without computing their upper bounds. A Two-step All-strong-Pairs corrElation queRy (TAPER) algorithm is proposed to exploit these properties in a filterand-refine manner. Furthermore, we provide an algebraic cost model which shows that the computation savings from pruning is independent or improves when the number of items is increased in data sets with common Zipf or linear rank-support distributions. Experimental results from synthetic and real data sets exhibit similar trends and show that the TAPER algorithm can be an order of magnitude faster than brute-force alternatives.
Combined committee machine for classifying dengue fever

The advancement of information technology has made public health management system more efficient on keeping an eye on major outbreaks like dengue fever than before. Vigorous prediction of dengue fever not only helps the management to act faster but also helps medical professionals to treat and suggest a good solution to the patients. In this context, this paper aims to develop an intelligent computing models using multilayer perceptron and support vector machine for classifying positive and negative cases of dengue. Decision taking is vital in medical field, final opinion is sometimes taken by a committee of medical experts. Keeping this fact in mind, Dempster-Shafer based classifier fusion strategy is applied here to form a committee of prediction machine for better outcome. Results show that DS theory gives as best as 96.02% with 4 MLPs and 3 SVMs while that of selected features using Fishers Score gives 96.56% accuracy.
ANALISIS TINGKAT LITERASI KEUANGAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA TAHUN ANGKATAN 2012-2014

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat literasi keuangan mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi UNY tahun angkatan 2012-2014. Aspek literasi keuangan yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu meliputi aspek pengetahuan dasar keuangan pribadi, tabungan dan simpanan, asuransi, dan investasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang didasarkan atas survei terhadap subjek penelitian. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi UNY tahun angkatan 2012-2014. Objek dari penelitian ini yaitu literasi keuangan mahasiswa S1 Fakultas Ekonomi UNY tahun angkatan 2012–2014. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa S1 Fakultas Ekonomi UNY tahun angkatan 2012-2014 yang berjumlah 1.569 orang. Sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik proporsional random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat literasi keuangan mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi UNY tahun angkatan 2012-2014 sebesar 57%. Jika persentase tersebut diinterpretasikan ke dalam kriteria tingkat literasi keuangan menurut Chen dan Volpe maka 57% berada dalam kategori rendah (<60%). Kata kunci: literasi keuangan, ekonomi
The Immunohistochemistry Profile of Lymphocytic Gastritis in Celiac Disease and Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Interplay between Infection and Inflammation

Lymphocytic gastritis (LG) is associated with helicobacter pylori (Hp) and celiac disease (CD). We aimed to clarify the relationship between Hp infection and CD by defining a unique histopathology profile of LG in these two diseases. Forty patients who underwent upper endoscopy were divided into four groups: eight controls, ten active CD patients without Hp, twelve CD negative with Hp, and ten active CD with Hp infection. Antral samples were assessed by immunohistochemical staining for CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD57, CNA42, and Ki67 for lymphoid aggregates, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) number, density of lamina propria (LP) lymphocytes, and inflammatory glandular involvement. Only IELs positive for CD3 and CD8 were increased significantly in CD patients with or without Hp infection. Hp did not contribute to the number of CD8 IELs. In complicated cases with Hp and suspicious for CD, the number of CD8+ IELs hints toward a CD rather than Hp infection.
A Bayesian Approach to Diagnose Multiple Intermittent Faults

Logic reasoning approaches to fault diagnosis account for the fact that a component cj may fail intermittently by introducing a parameter gj that expresses the probability the component exhibits correct behavior. This component parameter gj , in conjunction with a priori fault probability, is used in a Bayesian framework to compute the posterior fault candidate probabilities. Usually, information on gj is not known a priori. While proper estimation of gj can have a great impact on the diagnostic accuracy, at present, only approximations have been proposed. We present a novel framework, BARINEL, that computes exact estimations of gj as integral part of the posterior candidate probability computation. BARINEL’s diagnostic performance is evaluated for both synthetic systems and the Siemens software benchmark. Our results show that our approach is superior to approaches based on classical persistent fault models as well as previously proposed intermittent fault models.
Child Abuse and the Eye in an African Population

Purpose There is a paucity of data on child abuse and the eye in West Africa. Therefore, a need exists to determine the causes and circumstances surrounding these occurrences and their effects on the eye and vision in a pediatric population. Methods A 3-year study of consecutive cases of ocular features that presented to an eye clinic following a history suggestive of child abuse along with any associated eye injury was carried out. Socio-demographic characteristics were obtained, as were the presenting and posttreatment visual acuity, and a full clinical eye examination was also done. Results Fifty-six children with 56 affected eyes were examined. The male to female ratio was 1.8 : 1; the mean age was 8.25 ± 3.5 years; and the subjects were predominately primary school children 30 (53.6%). The most common ocular disorders were conjunctiva hyperemia (46.4%), corneal abrasion/ulcer (25.4%), hyphema/uveitis (42.9%), retinal detachment (7.1%), sclera rupture (7.1%), and globe perforation (21.4%). The intraocular pressure was raised in 17.9% of participants. Presenting versus posttreatment visual acuities showed normal vision in four (7.1%) vs. eighteen (32.1%), visual impairment in 12 (21.4%) vs. six (10.7%), severe visual impairment in 20 (35.7%) vs. 12 (21.4%), and blindness in 12 (21.4%) vs. 14 (25%), p < 0.001. The most common injurious agents were canes (25.0%) and sticks (17.9%). The people who inflicted the injuries were parents/relatives (uncles) in 35.7% of cases and the children themselves (accidents) in 21.4% of cases. Circumstances predisposing participants to eye injuries were child labor in 39.3% and beatings in 25.0%. Complications were cataracts (25.0%), corneal opacity (39.3%), and retinal detachment (7.1%). Conclusions Injuries commonly resulted from canes and sticks used during beatings, as well as from child labor, corporal punishment, accidents, and assaults. Legislation and laws need to be enacted to prevent negative psychosocial and economic impacts on the child, family and country as a whole.
Reproducibility of metabolomic profiles among men and women in 2 large cohort studies.

BACKGROUND Rigorous studies are necessary to demonstrate suitability of metabolomics platforms to profile metabolites in archived plasma within epidemiologic studies of human disease, for which attenuation of effect estimates due to measurement error is a key concern. METHODS Using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry platform, we quantified 257 metabolites from archived plasma to evaluate metabolite interassay reproducibility, reproducibility with delayed processing, and within-person reproducibility over time. Interassay reproducibility was assessed with CVs from 60 duplicate plasma samples donated by participants in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and 20 QC pool plasma replicates. Metabolite reproducibility over a 24- to 48-h processing delay (n = 48 samples) and within-person reproducibility over 1-2 years (n = 80 samples) were assessed using Spearman and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS CVs were <20% for 92% of metabolites and generally were similar by plasma anticoagulant type (heparin or EDTA) and fasting time. Approximately 75% of metabolites were reproducible over delays in processing of blood samples (Spearman correlation or ICC ≥ 0.75, comparing immediate and 24-h delayed processing). Carbohydrates and purine/pyrimidine derivatives were most adversely affected by the processing delay. Ninety percent of metabolites were reproducible over 1-2 years within individuals (Spearman correlation or ICC ≥ 0.4). CONCLUSIONS For potential use in epidemiologic studies, the majority of plasma metabolites had low CVs and were reproducible over a 24-h processing delay and within individuals over 1-2 years. Certain metabolites, such as carbohydrates and purine/pyrimidine derivatives, may be challenging to evaluate if samples have delayed processing.
Measuring The Impacts Of Prime-Age Adult Death On Rural Households In Kenya

Using a two-year panel of 1,422 Kenyan households surveyed in 1997 and 2000, we measure how prime-age adult mortality affects rural households' size and composition, agricultural production, asset levels, and off-farm income. First, the paper uses adult mortality rates from available data on an HIV-negative sample from neighboring Tanzania to predict the number of deaths that might have been expected in the absence of HIV, and compares this to the number of deaths actually recorded over the survey interval in the Kenyan sample. Based on this procedure, only a quarter of the prime-age female deaths in the 25-34 age range and about half of the male deaths in the 35-44 year age range age range could have been predicted on the basis of the HIV-negative Tanzanian adult mortality rates. In the Nyanza area, the discrepancies were even larger over a broader number of age/sex ranges. This provides a strong indication that AIDS accounts for a large proportion of the recorded deaths for these age/sex categories, particularly in the Nyanza area. Next, using a household fixed-effects model that controls for time-varying effects, we measure changes in outcomes between households afflicted by adult mortality vs. those not afflicted over the three-year survey period. The effects of adult death are highly sensitive to the gender and position of the deceased family member in the household. Households suffering the death of the head -of-household or spouse incurred a greater-than-one person loss in household size. The death of a male household head between 16 and 59 years is associated with a 68% reduction in the net value of the household's crop production. Female head-of-household or spouse mortality causes a greater decline in cereal area cultivated, while cash crops such as coffee, tea, and sugar are most adversely affected in households incurring the death of a prime-age male head. Off-farm income is also significantly affected by the death of the male head of household, but not in the case of other adult members. The death of other prime-age family members is partially offset by an inflow of other individuals into the family. Other prime-age family members' mortality has less dramatic effects on the households' agricultural production, assets, and off-farm income. Lastly, there is little indication that households are able to recover quickly from the effects of prime-age head-of-household adult mortality; the effects on crop and non-farm incomes do not decay at least over the three-year survey interval. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for agricultural research and extension programs as well as for safety net programs designed to cushion the impacts of prime-age adult death.
Kinematic Responses to Changes in Walking Orientation and Gravitational Load in Drosophila melanogaster

Walking behavior is context-dependent, resulting from the integration of internal and external influences by specialized motor and pre-motor centers. Neuronal programs must be sufficiently flexible to the locomotive challenges inherent in different environments. Although insect studies have contributed substantially to the identification of the components and rules that determine locomotion, we still lack an understanding of how multi-jointed walking insects respond to changes in walking orientation and direction and strength of the gravitational force. In order to answer these questions we measured with high temporal and spatial resolution the kinematic properties of untethered Drosophila during inverted and vertical walking. In addition, we also examined the kinematic responses to increases in gravitational load. We find that animals are capable of shifting their step, spatial and inter-leg parameters in order to cope with more challenging walking conditions. For example, flies walking in an inverted orientation decreased the duration of their swing phase leading to increased contact with the substrate and, as a result, greater stability. We also find that when flies carry additional weight, thereby increasing their gravitational load, some changes in step parameters vary over time, providing evidence for adaptation. However, above a threshold that is between 1 and 2 times their body weight flies display locomotion parameters that suggest they are no longer capable of walking in a coordinated manner. Finally, we find that functional chordotonal organs are required for flies to cope with additional weight, as animals deficient in these proprioceptors display increased sensitivity to load bearing as well as other locomotive defects.
The Answer Is Yes

Objective: The study assesses the impact of dual enrollment participation on remediation and completion for traditional first time, full-time freshmen at a community college in Northeast Tennessee. Method: This study began with the full population of 1,232 students who enrolled between 2008 and 2012 at a community college in northeast Tennessee the fall semester after finishing high school. The population was required to have American College Testing (ACT) scores, completely fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), enroll full-time as a degree-seeking student, and complete the first fall semester. Propensity score matching was utilized to eliminate self-selection bias and enable parametric comparisons using optimal matching of dual enrollment participants and non-participants while controlling for a range of covariates. Results: The analyses showed that community college students who participated in dual enrollment were (a) 9% or nearly 3.4 times less likely to take remediation, (b) 26% or nearly 2.5 times more likely to graduate in 2 years, and (c) 28% or nearly 1.5 times more likely to graduate in 3 years. Contributions: This study contributes to the literature showing that dual enrollment reduces remediation rates and assists in timely completions for community college students. Policy recommendations are to increase equitable participation, normalize dual enrollment for students academically able to do college coursework, align state terminology with the nation, and improve data for future research.
Measuring individual skills in household waste recycling: Implications for citizens' education and communication in six urban contexts

ABSTRACT This article reports the analysis of six urban contexts in which a practical tool measuring individual skills concerning household waste recycling was tested. The tool is a structured questionnaire including a simulation task that assesses respondents' abilities to sort household waste adequately in a given context/municipality. Results indicate that the questionnaire can reach high levels of internal coherence and discrimination capacity and it can be administered together with a set of open-ended and closed questions to assess relationships with other relevant factors. Both the theoretical and applicative potentials of the instrument for educational and communicational domains are discussed.
Comparison of Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing Technique for Optimal Path Selection In Network Routing

This paper addresses the path selection problem from a known sender to the receiver. The proposed work shows path selection us ing genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) approaches. In genetic algorithm approach, the multi point crossover and mutation helps in determining the optimal path and also alternate path if required. The input to both the algorithms is a learnt module which is a part of the cognitive router that takes care of four QoS parameters. The aim of the approach is to maximize the bandwidth along the forward channels and minimize the route length. The population size is considered as the N nodes participating in the network scenario, which will be limited to a known size of topology. The simulated results show that, by using genetic algorithm approach, the probability of shortest path convergence is higher as the number of iteration goes up whereas in simulated annealing the number of iterations had no influence to attain better results as it acts on random principle of selection. Keywords-routing; cognition; genetic algorithm; multipoint cross over; simulated annealing;bandwidth; QoS.
Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Assessment of the Methanolic Extract from Leaves of Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis L. in Mice

INTRODUCTION The majority of the people in developing countries use various traditional herbal medicines to treat a number of diseases and ailments [1]. Although, many studies have been undertaken in the past to investigate the pharmacological potential of such remedies, however, rather little work has been done to assess the potential toxicities of such products. There is now growing evidence that many herbal medicines do cause serious toxicity to their users [2,3]. Therefore, much more scientific attention is now being given to assess the potential toxicity of herbal medicines than before. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae) is a perennial shrub distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In traditional medicine, the leaves of this plant are used against dysentery and diarrhea, to promote draining of abscesses, against gonorrhea and as analgesic agent in Cook Islands, Guam, Haiti, Japan and Mexico, etc. [4]. The petroleum ether extracts of the leaves and flowers of this plant have been shown to possess the antibacterial activities [5]. The mucilage from the leaf of this plant has also been shown to possess considerable anti-complementary activity [6]. In addition, Sachdewa et al. have reported the hypoglycemic effects of leaf extract of H. rosa-sinensis in rats [7]. A recent study has also shown that the leaf extract of this plant possesses significant in vitro and in vivo activity against Hymenolepis diminuta, a zoonotic helminth parasite [8]. Although, the pharmacological properties of H. rosa-sinensis leaf extract are widely known, but there is insufficient data about its potential toxicity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of H. rosa-sinensis leaf extract in mice. ABSTRACT Background: The leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae) are used for the treatment of dysentery and diarrhea, to promote draining of abscesses and as analgesic agent in the traditional medicine of Cook Islands, Haiti, Japan and Mexico. Aim: The present study investigated the oral acute and subacute toxicity of methanol leaf extract of H. rosa-sinensis in mice. Materials and Methods: In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg of extract was given to five mice at 48 h intervals. Animals were observed individually for any clinical signs of toxicity or mortality for 14 days. In the sub-acute toxicity study, mice were treated with 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg doses of the extract for 14 days. The hematological and biochemical parameters and histopathology of …