Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Life‐time risk of mortality due to different levels of alcohol consumption in seven European countries: implications for low‐risk drinking guidelines

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Low-risk alcohol drinking guidelines require a scientific basis that extends beyond individual or group judgements of risk. Life-time mortality risks, judged against established thresholds for acceptable risk, may provide such a basis for guidelines. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate alcohol mortality risks for seven European countries based on different average daily alcohol consumption amounts. METHODS The maximum acceptable voluntary premature mortality risk was determined to be one in 1000, with sensitivity analyses of one in 100. Life-time mortality risks for different alcohol consumption levels were estimated by combining disease-specific relative risk and mortality data for seven European countries with different drinking patterns (Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy and Poland). Alcohol consumption data were obtained from the Global Information System on Alcohol and Health, relative risk data from meta-analyses and mortality information from the World Health Organization. RESULTS The variation in the life-time mortality risk at drinking levels relevant for setting guidelines was less than that observed at high drinking levels. In Europe, the percentage of adults consuming above a risk threshold of one in 1000 ranged from 20.6 to 32.9% for women and from 35.4 to 54.0% for men. Life-time risk of premature mortality under current guideline maximums ranged from 2.5 to 44.8 deaths per 1000 women in Finland and Estonia, respectively, and from 2.9 to 35.8 deaths per 1000 men in Finland and Estonia, respectively. If based upon an acceptable risk of one in 1000, guideline maximums for Europe should be 8-10 g/day for women and 15-20 g/day for men. CONCLUSIONS If low-risk alcohol guidelines were based on an acceptable risk of one in 1000 premature deaths, then maximums for Europe should be 8-10 g/day for women and 15-20 g/day for men, and some of the current European guidelines would require downward revision.
Composition of Mineral Produced by Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different dental tissues have been described to have osteogenic/odontogenic-like differentiation capacity, but little attention has been paid to the biochemical composition of the material that each produces. Here, we used Raman spectroscopy to analyze the mineralized materials produced in vitro by different dental cell populations, and we compared them with the biochemical composition of native dental tissues. We show that different dental stem cell populations produce materials that differ in their mineral and matrix composition and that these differ from those of native dental tissues. In vitro, BCMP (bone chip mass population), SCAP (stem cells from apical papilla), and SHED (stem cells from human-exfoliated deciduous teeth) cells produce a more highly mineralized matrix when compared with that produced by PDL (periodontal ligament), DPA (dental pulp adult), and GF (gingival fibroblast) cells. Principal component analyses of Raman spectra further demonstrated that the crystallinity and carbonate substitution environments in the material produced by each cell type varied, with DPA cells, for example, producing a more carbonate-substituted mineral and with SCAP, SHED, and GF cells creating a less crystalline material when compared with other dental stem cells and native tissues. These variations in mineral composition reveal intrinsic differences in the various cell populations, which may in turn affect their specific clinical applications.
Disaster Survivors’ Anticipated Received Support in a Future Disaster

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine factors associated with receipt of post-disaster support from network (eg, family or friends) and non-network (eg, government agencies) sources. Methods Participants (n=409) were from a population-based sample of Hurricane Sandy survivors surveyed 25-28 months post-disaster. Survivors were asked to imagine a future disaster and indicate how much they would depend on network and non-network sources of support. In addition, they reported on demographic characteristics, disaster-related exposure, post-traumatic stress, and depression. Information on the economic and social resources in survivors’ communities was also collected. Results Multilevel multivariable regression models found that lack of insurance coverage and residence in a neighborhood wherein more persons lived alone were associated with survivors anticipating less network and non-network support. In addition, being married or cohabiting was significantly associated with more anticipated network support, whereas older age and having a high school education or less were significantly associated with less anticipated network support. Conclusions By having survivors anticipate a future disaster scenario, this study provides insight into predictors of post-disaster receipt of network and non-network support. Further research is needed to examine how these findings correspond to survivors’ received support in the aftermath of future disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:711-717)
Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 promotes cell growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA SNHG16 in ovarian cancer and to further investigate its role in the development of ovarian cancer as well as its potential regulatory mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SNHG16 in 103 ovarian cancer tissues and normal tissues; the relationship between the expression of SNHG16 and the pathological parameters of ovarian cancer and the prognosis of patients was also analyzed. qRT-PCR was used to further verify the expression of SNHG16 in the ovarian cancer cells. After establishment of SNHG16 knockdown expression model in ovarian cancer cells SKOV-3 and HO8910 using small interfering RNA, the effect of SNHG16 on biological function of ovarian cancer cells was analyzed via cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), transwell invasion and migration assay. Finally, its potential mechanism was analyzed by Western Blot. RESULTS qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of SNHG16 in ovarian cancer was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with patients with lower expression of SNHG16, patients with higher expression of SNHG16 had higher tumor stage, high rate of distant metastasis and low overall survival rate. Compared with the negative control si-NC group, the cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability in SNHG16 knockdown group (si-SNHG16) significantly decreased. Western Blot showed that after knockdown of SNHG16, expressions of P-AKT and MMP9 decreased significantly, while there was no significant change in the total AKT level. CONCLUSIONS SNHG16 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and was correlated with staging, distant metastasis and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. SNHG16 may activate phosphorylation of AKT and upregulate the expression of MMP9 to promote cell proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer.
Quantified street: Smart governance of urban safety

The rapid deployment of technology in urban settings drastically changes the way urban safety is being governed. This article investigates smart governance of urban safety empirically through an in-depth case study of a project to improve the safety of a street in the Dutch city of Eindhoven. This collaboration between the city government, technology producers, knowledge institutes and owners of bars and restaurants entails the use of new technologies-noise detection, twitter analyses, data analysis, light interventions, gaming-for instantaneous monitoring and intervention. We analyze these smart governance practices from a socio-Technological perspective. On the basis of our analysis, we qualify the case as a quantified street: enormous amounts of data are being collected to strengthen the governance of urban safety. The governance analysis showed that these actors shared the idea that more information results in better governance. External funding facilitated collaboration since money was no longer a scarce resource and technology became a ' lens' for building a shared understanding of the street. The relative absence of rules created the room for building innovative practices. In the conclusion, we raise questions concerning the strong focus on information as the key to a safer street and present an agenda for further research into the smart governance of urban safety.
The mechanical properties of the systemic and pulmonary arteries of python regius correlate with blood pressures

Pythons are unique amongst snakes in having different pressures in the aortas and pulmonary arteries because of intraventricular pressure separation. In this study, we investigate whether this correlates with different blood vessel strength in the ball python Python regius. We excised segments from the left, right, and dorsal aortas, and from the two pulmonary arteries. These were subjected to tensile testing. We show that the aortic vessel wall is significantly stronger than the pulmonary artery wall in P. regius. Gross morphological characteristics (vessel wall thickness and correlated absolute amount of collagen content) are likely the most influential factors. Collagen fiber thickness and orientation are likely to have an effect, though the effect of collagen fiber type and cross‐links between fibers will need further study. J. Morphol. 276:1412–1421, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cardiometabolic Impact of Changing Sitting, Standing, and Stepping in the Workplace

BackgroundAccording to cross-sectional and acute experimental evidence, reducing sitting time should improve cardiometabolic health risk biomarkers. Furthermore, the improvements obtained may depend on whether sitting is replaced with standing or ambulatory activities. Based on data from the Stand Up Victoria multicomponent workplace intervention, we examined this issue using compositional data analysis—a method that can examine and compare all activity changes simultaneously. MethodsParticipants receiving the intervention (n = 136 ≥ 0.6 full-time equivalent desk-based workers, 65% women, mean ± SD age = 44.6 ± 9.1 yr from seven worksites) were asked to improve whole-of-day activity by standing up, sitting less, and moving more. Their changes in the composition of daily waking hours (activPAL-assessed sitting, standing, and stepping) were quantified then tested for associations with concurrent changes in cardiometabolic risk (CMR) scores and 14 biomarkers concerning body composition, glucose, insulin, and lipid metabolism. Analyses were by mixed models, accounting for clustering (3 months, n = 105–120; 12 months, n = 80–97). ResultsSitting reduction was significantly (P < 0.05) associated only with lower systolic blood pressure at 3 months, and with CMR scores, weight, body fat, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting triglycerides, total/HDL cholesterol, and insulin at 12 months. Significant differences between standing and stepping were only observed for systolic blood pressure and insulin; both favored stepping. However, replacing sitting with standing was significantly associated only with improvements in CMR scores, whereas replacing sitting with stepping was significantly associated with CMR scores and six biomarkers. ConclusionsImprovements in several cardiometabolic health risk biomarkers were significantly associated with sitting reductions that occurred in a workplace intervention. The greatest degree and/or widest range of cardiometabolic benefits appeared to occur with long-term changes, and when increasing ambulatory activities.Trial Registration: ACTRN1211000742976.
Computation of Hilbert Polynomials in Two Variables

Let R be a ring of polynomials in m+n indeterminatesx1 , . , xm, y1, . ,yn over a field K and let M be a finitely generated R -module. Furthermore, let (Rrs)r, s? Nbe the natural double filtration of the ring R and let (Mrs)r,s? Nbe the corresponding double filtration of the module M associated with the given system of generators. We introduce a special type of reduction in a free R -module and develop the appropriate technique of characteristic sets that allows us to prove the existence and find methods and algorithms of computation of a numerical polynomial in two variables ? (t1, t2) such that? (r, s) =dimKMrsfor all sufficienly large r, s? N. The results obtained are applied in differential algebra where the classical theorems on differential dimension polynomials and methods of computation of such polynomials are generalized to the case of differential structures with two basic sets of derivation operators.
Lichen planus pemphigoides

A 25-year-old man was referred to our department for evaluation of disseminated, pruritic papular skin lesions that had centrifugally spread over the preceding three months. The patient reported that tense blisters had appeared on pre-existing lesions on the forearms one week prior to consultation. He was otherwise healthy and denied drug intake or recent infections. Physical examination revealed shiny, erythemato-violaceous polygonal papules and plaques with Wickham's striae on the forearms, wrists, trunk, legs, and ankles; tense vesicles and dome-shaped blisters were present on the forearms, overlying the aforementioned plaques; Nikolsky's sign was negative (Figure 1a, b). Retiform asymptomatic white streaks were also visible on the buccal mucosa. The genital area was not involved. Our initial differential diagnoses included bullous lichen planus (BLP) or lichen planus pemphigoides (LPP). Histopathological examination of a bulla (overlying a plaque) revealed eosinophilic spongiosis and a subepidermal blister containing eosinophils; a mixed perivascular and interstitial inflammatory infiltrate with numerous eosinophils was noted in the dermis (Figure 2a). Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) from perilesional skin showed linear IgG and C3 deposits at the dermoepidermal junction (Figure 2b). Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (Euroimmun: ELISA) revealed high levels of circulating autoantibodies directed against BP180 (109.35 U/mL, positive > 20 U/mL); anti-BP230 autoantibodies were not detected. Following clinical, pathological and immunological correlation, the diagnosis of LPP was established. The patient was started on prednisolone 0.75 mg/kg/day, which led to rapid improvement within one month (Figure 1c). Prednisolone was subsequently tapered and discontinued after three months. At one-year follow-up, there was no evidence of clinical or serological relapse (anti-BP180 autoantibodies were below the detection threshold). Lichen planus pemphigoides is a rare autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease characterized by the concurrence of cutaneous lesions of both lichen planus (LP) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) [1]. The classic presentation consists of tense bullae arising simultaneously on top of lichenoid lesions and on uninvolved skin, most frequently on the extremities. Lichen planus pemphigoides must be distinguished from the vesicles occasionally seen in lichen planus as a consequence of severe hydropic degeneration, a clinical phenomenon commonly referred to as BLP [2]. While LPP is more common in young adults (30–50 years), it has also been described in childhood [1]. The disease is generally idiopathic; some cases, however, have been associated with drugs, infections, phototherapy, and
Stress-Strain Behavior of High-Strength Concrete Confined by Ultra-High-and Normal-Strength Transverse Reinforcements

In situations where high-strength concrete (HSC) is used for reinforced concrete members subjected to seismic loading, it is more difficult to achieve ductile behavior of such members than when normal-strength concrete is used. This paper presents an experimental study of a number of quasi-static axial loading tests on HSC specimens confined by various amounts of transverse reinforcement. A stress-strain relationship for confined HSC is proposed that is found to give reasonably good prediction of the experimental behavior of circular and square specimens with HSC confined by either normal- or ultra-high-yield-strength with various configurations. An empirical formula for the ultimate longitudinal strain of confined HSC corresponding to the first hoop or spiral fracture is also proposed.
So 3 D Reconstruction for View Synthesis

Fig. 1. Progress of rendering virtual views of diicult scenes containing foliage, wide baseline occlusions and reflections. View ray and texture mapping ray visibility is modelled soly according to a distribution of depth probabilities retained from the reconstruction stage. This results in so edges, so occlusion removal, partial uncertainty of depth in textureless areas, and so transitions between the dominant depths in reflections.
Impact of loneliness and depression on mortality: results from the Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam.

BACKGROUND Loneliness is highly prevalent among older people, has serious health consequences and is an important predictor of mortality. Loneliness and depression may unfavourably interact with each other over time but data on this topic are scarce. AIMS To determine whether loneliness is associated with excess mortality after 19 years of follow-up and whether the joint effect with depression confers further excess mortality. METHOD Different aspects of loneliness were measured with the De Jong Gierveld scale and depression with the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in a cohort of 2878 people aged 55-85 with 19 years of follow-up. Excess mortality hypotheses were tested with Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses controlling for potential confounders. RESULTS At follow-up loneliness and depression were associated with excess mortality in older men and women in bivariate analysis but not in multivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, severe depression was associated with excess mortality in men who were lonely but not in women. CONCLUSIONS Loneliness and depression are important predictors of early death in older adults. Severe depression has a strong association with excess mortality in older men who were lonely, indicating a lethal combination in this group.
Screening to Identify Groups of Pediatric Emergency Department Patients Using Latent Class Analysis of Reported Suicidal Ideation and Behavior and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

Latent class analysis of medical records data from 3,523 emergency department (ED) patients (ages 14–24; 31% Caucasian; 67% female) distinguished 6 groups with varying histories of suicidal ideation and behavior based on items endorsed on the Behavioral Health Screen, a web based, nurse-initiated screening tool. As expected, the more severe suicidality groups reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, traumatic distress, and substance abuse symptoms. Findings support the validity of the BHS and its utility as a medical decision tool to help ED staff evaluate the severity of patients’ suicidality.
Relationship between wearer prickle response with fibre and garment properties and Wool ComfortMeter assessment

The prickle evoked by 48 knitted fabrics was assessed by wearers under a defined evaluation protocol. The relationship between the average wearer prickle score and known properties of constituent fibre, yarns and fabrics and fabric evaluation using the Wool ComfortMeter (WCM) was determined using linear modelling. After log transformation, the best model accounted for 87.7% of the variance. The major share of variation could be attributed to differences between mean fibre diameter (MFD) and WCM values. Low prickle scores were linearly associated with lower MFD, lower WCM and lower yarn linear density. There was an indication that yarn twist affected prickle scores and that fabrics composed of cotton evoked less prickle. Measures of fibre diameter distribution or coarse fibre incidence and other fabric properties were not significant. The analysis indicates that wool garments can be constructed to keep wearer assessed prickle to barely detectable levels and textile designers can manipulate a range of parameters to achieve similar wearer comfort responses.
Optimal controller design for a railway vehicle suspension system using Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper presents the design of an active suspension control of a two-axle railway vehicle using an optimized linear quadratic regulator. The control objective is to minimize the lateral displacement and yaw angle of the wheelsets when the vehicle travels on straight and curved tracks with lateral irregularities. In choosing the optimum weighting matrices for the LQR, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method has been applied and the results of the controller performance with weighting matrices chosen using this method is compared with the commonly used, trial and error method. The performance of the passive and active suspension has also been compared. The results show that the active suspension system performs better than the passive suspension system. For the active suspension, the LQR employing the PSO method in choosing the weighting matrices provides a better control performance and a more systematic approach compared to the trial and error method.
Transcription Factor OsWRKY53 Positively Regulates Brassinosteroid Signaling and Plant Architecture1

OsWRKY53 is a novel positive regulator of rice BR signaling, and its phosphorylation by OsMAPK6 is indispensable for its function in rice. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroid hormones regulating multiple aspects of plant growth, development, and adaptation. Compared with extensive studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the mechanism of BR signaling in rice (Oryza sativa) is less understood. Here, we identified OsWRKY53, a transcription factor involved in defense responses, as an important regulator of rice BR signaling. Phenotypic analyses showed that OsWRKY53 overexpression led to enlarged leaf angles and increased grain size, in contrast to the erect leaves and smaller seeds in oswrky53 mutant. In addition, the oswrky53 exhibited decreased BR sensitivity, whereas OsWRKY53 overexpression plants were hypersensitive to BR, suggesting that OsWRKY53 positively regulates rice BR signaling. Moreover, we show that OsWRKY53 can interact with and be phosphorylated by the OsMAPKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade, and the phosphorylation is required for the biological function of OsWRKY53 in regulating BR responses. Furthermore, we found that BR promotes OsWRKY53 protein accumulation but represses OsWRKY53 transcript level. Taken together, this study revealed the novel role of OsWRKY53 as a regulator of rice BR signaling and also suggested a potential role of OsWRKY53 in mediating the cross talk between the hormone and other signaling pathways.
Tanglegrams: A Reduction Tool for Mathematical Phylogenetics

Many discrete mathematics problems in phylogenetics are defined in terms of the relative labeling of pairs of leaf-labeled trees. These relative labelings are naturally formalized as tanglegrams, which have previously been an object of study in coevolutionary analysis. Although there has been considerable work on planar drawings of tanglegrams, they have not been fully explored as combinatorial objects until recently. In this paper, we describe how many discrete mathematical questions on trees “factor” through a problem on tanglegrams, and how understanding that factoring can simplify analysis. Depending on the problem, it may be useful to consider a unordered version of tanglegrams, and/or their unrooted counterparts. For all of these definitions, we show how the isomorphism types of tanglegrams can be understood in terms of double cosets of the symmetric group, and we investigate their automorphisms. Understanding tanglegrams better will isolate the distinct problems on leaf-labeled pairs of trees and reveal natural symmetries of spaces associated with such problems.