Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of Particle Size Segregation of Sintered Ore during Flowing through Laboratory-scale Chute by Discrete Element Method

In this paper, the particle size segregation of sintered ore during flowing through a laboratory-scale chute was investigated to validate the simulated results. The chute angle, installation of a damper at the outlet of the chute or the particle mixing condition were changed. The particles were segregated during flowing through the chute. The smaller particles were at the bottom wall of the chute, and the larger ones were on the smaller particles. The particle discharging velocity decreased with increasing the rolling friction in DEM, and the velocity also became uniformly. The particle discharging behavior under the large rolling friction was not spread, this phenomenon was not comparable with the experimental one. The distributed coefficient of rolling friction was determined by the distribution of rolled distance of sintered ore particle, and every particle in DEM had the different value according to the distribution of rolled distance. This method was effective for the sintered ores' flow very much, and the simulated particle size segregation agreed with those of experimental very well, irrespective of chute angle, installation of a damper or particle conditions. Therefore, this simulation has been validated for the analysis of the granular flow in an ironmaking process.
Delayed Surgical Resection of Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors

OBJECTIVE To determine the value of delayed surgical resection in patients with central nervous system germ cell tumors who exhibit less than complete radiographic response despite declining serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tumor markers after initial chemotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 126 patients enrolled on two international multicenter clinical trials (the First and Second International Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumor Studies) for patients with newly diagnosed central nervous system germ cell tumors. After at least three cycles of chemotherapy, 10 of these patients underwent delayed surgical resection owing to evidence of residual radiographic abnormalities despite declining or completely normalized serum and CSF levels of &agr;-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin. RESULTS Eight of these patients demonstrated nongerminomatous germ cell tumor elements at the time of initial diagnosis. In these patients, either serum or CSF tumor markers were elevated initially. Two patients demonstrated pure germinomas with normal levels of serum and CSF tumor markers. After chemotherapy, radiographic evaluation revealed a partial response in seven patients, a minor response in one patient, and stable disease in two patients. All 10 patients had either normal or decreasing levels of serum and CSF tumor markers before second-look surgery. At delayed surgical resection, 7 of the 10 patients underwent gross total resection, and 3 patients underwent subtotal resection of residual lesions. Pathological findings at second-look surgery demonstrated three patients to have mature teratomas, two with immature teratomas, and five with necrotic or scar tissue alone. To date, 7 of the 10 patients have had no recurrence during an average follow-up time of 36.9 months (range, 3–96 mo). Three of four patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors who had tumor markers that were decreased, but not normalized, before second-look surgery eventually developed tumor dissemination/progression, and they required subsequent radiation therapy despite having teratoma or necrosis/scar tissue at delayed surgery. In contrast, three of four patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors and completely normalized markers did not progress and did not require radiation therapy. CONCLUSION Delayed surgical resection should be considered in patients with central nervous system germ cell tumors who have residual radiographic abnormalities and normalized tumor markers, because these lesions are likely to be teratoma or necrosis/scar tissue. However, second-look surgery should be avoided in patients whose tumor markers have not normalized completely.
Chromosome-Specific and Global Effects of Aneuploidy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Aneuploidy, an unbalanced karyotype in which one or more chromosomes are present in excess or reduced copy number, causes an array of known phenotypes including proteotoxicity, genomic instability, and slowed proliferation. However, the molecular consequences of aneuploidy are poorly understood and an unbiased investigation into aneuploid cell biology is lacking. We performed high-throughput screens for genes the deletion of which has a synthetic fitness cost in aneuploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells containing single extra chromosomes. This analysis identified genes that, when deleted, decrease the fitness of specific disomic strains as well as those that impair the proliferation of a broad range of aneuploidies. In one case, a chromosome-specific synthetic growth defect could be explained fully by the specific duplication of a single gene on the aneuploid chromosome, highlighting the ability of individual dosage imbalances to cause chromosome-specific phenotypes in aneuploid cells. Deletion of other genes, particularly those involved in protein transport, however, confers synthetic sickness on a broad array of aneuploid strains. Indeed, aneuploid cells, regardless of karyotype, exhibit protein secretion and cell-wall integrity defects. Thus, we were able to use this screen to identify novel cellular consequences of aneuploidy, dependent on both specific chromosome imbalances and caused by many different aneuploid karyotypes. Interestingly, the vast majority of cancer cells are highly aneuploid, so this approach could be of further use in identifying both karyotype-specific and nonspecific stresses exhibited by cancer cells as potential targets for the development of novel cancer therapeutics.
Analysis of a cutoff priority cellular radio system with finite queueing and reneging/dropping

Queueing of new or handoff calls can minimize blocking probabilities or increase total carried traffic. This paper investigates a new cutoff priority cellular radio system that allows finite queueing of both new and handoff calls. We consider the reneging from the system of queued new calls due to caller impatience and the dropping of queued handoff calls by the system as they move out of a handoff area before being accomplished successfully. We use signal-flow graphs and Mason's formula to obtain the blocking probabilities of new and handoff calls and the average waiting times. Moreover, an optimal cutoff parameter and appropriate queue sizes for new and handoff calls are numerically determined so that a proposed overall blocking probability is minimized. >
Early Childhood Caries

Dental caries is one of the most common childhood diseases, and people continue to be susceptible to it throughout their lives. Although dental caries can be arrested and potentially even reversed in its early stages, it is often not self-limiting and progresses without proper care until the tooth is destroyed. Early childhood caries (ECC) is often complicated by inappropriate feeding practices and heavy infection with mutans streptococci. Such children should be targeted with a professional preventive program that includes oral hygiene instructions for mothers or caregivers, along with fluoride and diet counseling. However, these strategies alone are not sufficient to prevent dental caries in high-risk children; prevention of ECC also requires addressing the socioeconomic factors that face many families in which ECC is endemic. The aim of this paper is to systematically review information about ECC and to describe why many children are suffering from dental caries.
Implementation of Two Semantic Query Optimization Techniques in DB2 Universal Database

In the early 1980's, researchers recognized that semantic information stored in databases as integrity constraints could be used for query optimization. A new set of techniques called semantic query optimization (SQO) was developed. Some of the ideas developed for SQO have been used commercially, but to the best of our knowledge, no extensive implementations of SQO exist today. In this paper, we describe an implementation of two SQO techniques, Predicate Introduction and Join Elimination, in DB2 Universal Database. We present the implemented algorithms and performance results using the TPCD and APB-1 OLAP benchmarks. Our experiments show that SQO can lead to dramatic query performance improvements. A crucial aspect of our implementation of SQO is the fact that it does not rely on complex integrity constraints (as many previous SQO techniques did); we use only referential integrity constraints and check constraints. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the VLDB copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Very Large Data Base Endowment. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or special permission from the Endowment.
Variation of verbal constructions in Estonian dialects

Traditional Estonian dialect classifications are based on the phonology, morphology, and lexis, and there are very few studies about syntax available. The present article is the first quantitative syntactic study of Estonian dialects. We concentrate on constructions consisting of finite and non-finite verbs, and we apply contemporary statistical methods to explore the syntactic variation. Our results show that even bare token frequencies can identify syntactic patterns quite well, and that analyses exploiting collostructional methods makes the variational patterns even clearer. We use correspondence analysis and clustering to detect geographic influence on variation. The results suggest a syntax-based classification of dialects differs from the traditional classifications based mainly on phonology and lexis. Our data reveal systematic differences between eastern and western dialects at the syntactic level, whereas analyses based on phonology and lexis distinguish mainly between northern and southern dialects. The western dialects make more use of analytic constructions consisting of a finite and a non-finite verb form.
Correlating Miocene sequences in onshore New Jersey boreholes (ODP Leg 150X) with global δ18O and Maryland outcrops

Recent onshore New Jersey drilling (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 150X) provided excellent recovery of lower to middle Miocene sequences that we dated with Sr isotopic stratigraphy. Sequence boundaries correlate with deep-sea δ 18 O increases (inferred glacioeustatic lowerings), indicating a primary control by global sea-level change. Maryland Miocene outcrops appear to correlate with New Jersey sequences and the δ 18 O record, although diagenesis and intense bioturbation limit Sr isotopic age resolution in Maryland. The early Miocene is not well represented in Maryland due to regional tectonics; in contrast, early Miocene accommodation in New Jersey was provided by flexural effects due to sediment loading.
Paris-rue-Madame Database - A 3D Mobile Laser Scanner Dataset for Benchmarking Urban Detection, Segmentation and Classification Methods

This paper describes a publicly available 3D database from the rue Madame, a street in the 6th Parisian district. Data have been acquired by the Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) system L3D2 and correspond to a 160 m long street section. Annotation has been carried out in a manually assisted way. An initial annotation is obtained using an automatic segmentation algorithm. Then, a manual refinement is done and a label is assigned to each segmented object. Finally, a class is also manually assigned to each object. Available classes include facades, ground, cars, motorcycles, pedestrians, traffic signs, among others. The result is a list of (X, Y, Z, reflectance, label, class) points. Our aim is to offer, to the scientific community, a 3D manually labeled dataset for detection, segmentation and classification benchmarking. With respect to other databases available in the state of the art, this dataset has been exhaustively annotated in order to include all available objects and to allow point-wise comparison.
Impact of operator experience and wiring technique on procedural efficacy of trans-radial percutaneous chronic total occlusion recanalization performed by dedicated radialists.

BACKGROUND The efficacy of trans-radial approach (TRA) in chronic total occlusions (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is not well established. Thus, we sought to review the feasibility and long-term results of TRA for CTO PCI performed by dedicated TRA operatorsof our center. METHODS CTO PCI performed by dedicated radialists were considered. Primary end-points were "PCI success" (stent implantation with residual stenosis < 20% and TIMI 3) and "patient success" (PCI success in a first or second attempt). Vascular complications and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were also assessed. Procedures were divided into: Period 1 - no systematic adoption of TRA nor systematic wire selection, and Period 2 - systematic TRA with stepwise wire selection. The starting guidewire was initially an intermediate wire (Period 2a), and, thereafter, a tapered soft polymeric guidewire (Period 2b). RESULTS Two operators performed 167 TRA PCI on CTO in 158 patients. PCI success rate was 74.3% and patient success rate was 78.5%. Drug-eluting stents were implanted in 95.1% of successful procedures. One (0.6%) patient had a (minor) vascular complication. After a mean follow-up of 580 days, 93.7% of patients were free from MACE. PCI success (57.1% in Period 1 vs. 76.5% in Period 2a vs. 80.5% in Period 2b, p = 0.029) and patient success (62.5% in Period 1 vs. 77.8% in Period 2a vs. 86.1% in Period 2b, p = 0.025) significantly improved during the study. CONCLUSIONS CTO PCI by TRA is safe and feasible. Its efficacy seems to be strongly dependenton operator experience with CTO techniques and may be influenced by the strategy of guidewire selection.
Receptive Fields Selection for Binary Feature Description

Feature description for local image patch is widely used in computer vision. While the conventional way to design local descriptor is based on expert experience and knowledge, learning-based methods for designing local descriptor become more and more popular because of their good performance and data-driven property. This paper proposes a novel data-driven method for designing binary feature descriptor, which we call receptive fields descriptor (RFD). Technically, RFD is constructed by thresholding responses of a set of receptive fields, which are selected from a large number of candidates according to their distinctiveness and correlations in a greedy way. Using two different kinds of receptive fields (namely rectangular pooling area and Gaussian pooling area) for selection, we obtain two binary descriptors RFDR and RFDG accordingly. Image matching experiments on the well-known patch data set and Oxford data set demonstrate that RFD significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art binary descriptors, and is comparable with the best float-valued descriptors at a fraction of processing time. Finally, experiments on object recognition tasks confirm that both RFDR and RFDG successfully bridge the performance gap between binary descriptors and their floating-point competitors.
Using color histograms and range data to track trajectories of moving people from a mobile robot platform

People detection and tracking is still an active research field for autonomous mobile robots. Approaches that tackle the problem on mobile robots differ from those proposed for surveillance and other similar tasks. Mainly due to the motion of sensors and hence the complexity of scene interpretation, approaches proposed for fixed cameras are not appropriate. In this paper it is presented a methodology for people detection and tracking from an autonomous mobile robot. People detection and tracking initialization is made by image processing techniques, while for tracking data provided a range data camera (Kinect like sensor) and color information from the former sensor are used to track people over 3D space. Accuracy of tracker is achieved by an adaptive color histograms method based on color from RGB camera and projected over the plain view.
Impact of interferences on connectivity in ad hoc networks

We study the impact of interferences on the connectivity of large-scale ad hoc networks, using percolation theory. We assume that a bi-directional connection can be set up between two nodes if the signal to noise ratio at the receiver is larger than some threshold. The noise is the sum of the contribution of interferences from all other nodes, weighted by a coefficient /spl gamma/, and of a background noise. We find that there is a critical value of /spl gamma/ above which the network is made of disconnected clusters of nodes. We also prove that if /spl gamma/ is nonzero but small enough, there exist node spatial densities for which the network contains a large (theoretically infinite) cluster of nodes, enabling distant nodes to communicate in multiple hops. Since small values of /spl gamma/ cannot be achieved without efficient CDMA codes, we investigate the use of a very simple TDMA scheme, where nodes can emit only every nth time slot. We show that it achieves connectivity similar to the previous system with a parameter /spl gamma//n.
Overexpressed oncogenic tumor-self antigens

Overexpressed tumor-self antigens represent the largest group of candidate vaccine targets. Those exhibiting a role in oncogenesis may be some of the least studied but perhaps most promising. This review considers this subset of self antigens by highlighting vaccine efforts for some of the better known members and focusing on TPD52, a new promising vaccine target. We shed light on the importance of both preclinical and clinical vaccine studies demonstrating that tolerance and autoimmunity (presumed to preclude this class of antigens from vaccine development) can be overcome and do not present the obstacle that might have been expected. The potential of this class of antigens for broad application is considered, possibly in the context of low tumor burden or adjuvant therapy, as is the need to understand mechanisms of tolerance that are relatively understudied.
Interferometric photomechanical spectroscopy and imaging of biological and turbid media

The medical field is currently experiencing rapid growth in the area of optical diagnostics. Minimally-invasive spectroscopic and imaging modalities enable physicians to make increasingly accurate diagnoses in real time, without the cost and delay associated with traditional reliance on histopathology. We have developed an ultra-high resolution interferometric system which is well suited for clinical diagnostic applications. The interferometric system has a spatial resolution of 0.1 nm and a temporal resolution of 3 ns. We have utilized this high resolution interferometric system in two novel minimally invasive techniques. Both techniques measure surface deformation of a target after absorption of a short laser pulse. The time dependent surface deformation is a function of the target's spatially resolved optical, thermal and mechanical properties. Therefore, accurate measurement of surface displacement can be used to extract significant diagnostic information. The first technique is termed Interferometric Photomechanical Spectroscopy (IPMS), and is used to measure effective optical absorption depth of a sample. We used IPMS to measure effective absorption depth of both diffuse and speculary reflecting targets including well characterized colored glass samples and gelatin based tissue phantoms. The second technique is termed Interferometric Photomechanical Tomography (IPMT), and is used to image sub-surface absorbers such as tumors or blood vessels. IPMT combines high optical contrast with low attenuation of sound propagation to localize sub-surface absorbers in highly scattering media. We have used IPMT to image sub-surface blood vessels in a phantom model and in vivo. Interferometric techniques compare favorably against diagnostic techniques which measure surface stress instead of surface displacement. This is primarily because interferometry is a non-contact epitaxial method capable of high resolution point measurements. Further, an interferometric system is easily implemented into an optical fiber setup for use in minimallyinvasive catheter based procedures. Thesis Committee B.B. Mikic, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, MIT N.S. Nishioka, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School R. Abeyaratne, Professor and Associate Head of Mechanical Engineering, MIT D. Rowell, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, MIT
Processing Information about Support Exchanges in Close Relationships: The Role of a Knowledge Structure

People develop knowledge of interpersonal interaction patterns (e.g., prototypes and schemas), which shape how they process incoming information. One such knowledge structure based on attachment theory was examined: the secure base script (the prototypic sequence of events when an attachment figure comforts a close relationship partner in distress). In two studies (N = 53 and N = 119), participants were shown animated film clips in which geometric figures depicted the secure base script and asked to describe the animations. Both studies found that many people readily recognize the secure-base script from these minimal cues quite well, suggesting that this script is not only available in the context of specific relationships (i.e., a relationship-specific knowledge): The generalized (abstract) structure of the script is also readily accessible, which would make it possible to apply it to any relationship (including new relationships). Regression analyses suggested that participants who recognized the script were more likely to (a) include more animation elements when describing the animations, (b) see a common theme in different animations, (c) create better organized stories, and (d) later recall more details of the animations. These findings suggest that access to this knowledge structure helps a person organize and remember relevant incoming information. Furthermore, in both Study 1 and Study 2, individual differences in the ready recognition of the script were associated with individual differences in having access to another related knowledge: indicators suggesting that a potential relationship partner can be trusted to be supportive and responsive at times of stress. Results of Study 2 also suggest that recognizing the script is associated with those items of an attachment measure that concern giving and receiving support. Thus, these knowledge structures may shape how people process support-relevant information in their everyday lives, potentially affecting relationship outcomes and mental and physical health.