Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Religion and well-being in a church without a creed

This study of religion and well-being questions whether adherents of a religion without a specific creed may still derive well-being from their religious experience as do members of more orthodox religious institutions. Survey data from a Unitarian Universalist congregation were analyzed to test whether the relationship between religion and individual well-being in a non-Christian, non-creedal religious institution is similar to that observed in mainstream Christian denominations. Hierarchical linear regression analysis indicates that spirituality, social support, and the centrality of Unitarian Universalism (UU) to personal identity predict the amount of strength and comfort the respondents derived from religion, after controlling for demographic characteristics. Interaction effects between education and theological coherence and between gender and spirituality were also found. These results support the hypothesis that members of non-doctrinal religious groups benefit from religion by means of similar processes as members of religious groups that espouse more orthodox belief with one exception: theological ‘incoherence’ is actually more beneficial to well-being of the highly educated in this context than is theological coherence.
Adaptive and Maladaptive Aspects of Self-Oriented versus Socially Prescribed Perfectionism

The purpose of the current study was to examine the extent to which self-oriented versus socially prescribed perfectionism can be differentiated by their correlations with adaptive versus maladaptive constructs (i.e., self-esteem, perceived self-control, achievement motivation, depression, anxiety, suicidal proneness, shame, guilt, and procrastination). Theoretically, socially prescribed perfectionism was expected to be exclusively maladaptive whereas self-oriented perfectionism was expected to have both maladaptive and adaptive characteristics. Participants (n = 475) came from a southeastern university (mean age of 20.9 years, 68% Caucasians). Results indicated that the two types of perfectionism had significantly different correlations with self-esteem, perceived self-control, achievement motivation, depression, anxiety, suicidal proneness, shame, guilt, and procrastination. Generally, socially prescribed perfectionism had stronger associations with maladaptive constructs than did self-oriented perfectionism. In contrast to the assertion that self-oriented perfectionism is exclusively a vulnerability factor (Benson, 2003), and as hypothesized, results indicated that high self-oriented perfectionism in the absence of socially prescribed perfectionism is adaptive. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
What Shall I Do Now?

In an outcome evaluation of recovering addicts who participated in a prison-based therapeutic community, 39 clients (a nonrandomized subsample) were interviewed about their rehabilitation and reintegration experience. The study focused on participants' perceptions of how essential the continuum of treatment and supervision after release was. Whereas many studies have shown that participating in prison-based drug treatment programs reduces likelihood of recidivism, clients in this study suggested that other factors might be equally important—in particular, the importance of the continuum of treatment after release and/or being supervised in the community. Findings are discussed in regard to inmates' expectations, confusion upon release, and formal support mechanisms; suggestions for further research are made.
Proactive Interference in Location Learning : A New Closed-Form Approximation

The ACT-R cognitive theory models forgetting in general with a constant “decay due to passage of time” parameter. However, this is not sufficient to predict learning for frequently executed tasks in dense arrangements of items. Prominent examples are twodimensional location learning in finding keys on a keyboard or clicking on items on a web page or in a graphical user interface. Our work presents a new way to theoretically model the effect of Proactive Interference, i.e. the effect of the history of events on location learning, through an extension to ACT-R’s mathematical model of declarative memory strength. It predicts that each time an item is searched for and found, the item gets “stronger”, i.e. easier to remember. However, this strength diminishes not only through the passage of time, but also due to interference from other (non-target) items that have been encountered in the past. We tested the predictions of our new model against empirical measurements from two previous studies that involve simple visual search and selection. The predictions fit the experimental data very well.
Women‐only networks as a strategy for change? A case study from local government

Across both the private and public sectors one strategy that has been used to support women in leadership roles and to increase women's participation in leadership positions has been to establish formal female specific networks. This paper examines the efficacy of such a strategy through a case study of one such group – the Australian Local Government Women's Association. Data for the paper are drawn from interviews with the 19 female mayors in the Australian state of Queensland. Participants were divided in their views about the organization. One group expressed support for women's networking, a second group was critical of women organizing in such a way and a third group expressed ambivalence about the value of women's networks. This paper draws on these views to assess the transformative potential of women's networks. It concludes that women‐only networks have a valuable role to play in securing greater equity for women in management.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Marital Instability Reconsidered.

National survey data reveal that children . from marriages that were disrupted during their childhood have a hig er rate of divorce than children from intact marriages. The present study investigates two hypotheses to account for this phenomenon. These include the adoption of: (a) marriage-related attitudes antagonistic to successful marital adjustment and (b) maladaptive styles of marital interaction. The findings derived from questionnaire data tapping marriagerelated attitudes, dating experience, and conflict resolution skills (evaluated on the basis of responses to filmed vignettes of marital conflict) supported the first hypothesis. The only notable difference that emerged among the 397 college students from intact (happy-unbroken versus unhappy-unbroken), separated/ divorced, or parent-deceased families was in the direction of the separated/divorced group espousing the most favorable attitude toward divorce. The findings suggest a disinhibitory effect of parental divorce on children's attitudes toward divorce. Parental separation proved to be no more harmful to child adjustment than a conflict-ridden intact home. Contrary to past research, however, there was no meaningful effect of age at time of marital disruption.
Prevalence of Dyslipidemia Among Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Individuals in China

AbstractLittle is known about the epidemiological features of dyslipidemia among antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected individuals in China. We used a cross-sectional study design to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in this population, and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of dyslipidemia.One thousand five hundred and eighteen antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected individuals and 347 HIV-negative subjects in China were enrolled during 2009 to 2010. Demographics and medical histories were recorded. After an overnight fast, serum samples were collected to measure lipid levels. Factors associated with the presence of dyslipidemia were analyzed by logistic regression.Mean total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels were lower in HIV-positive than HIV-negative subjects, but mean triglyceride (TG) was higher in HIV-positive subjects. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups did not differ (75.6% vs. 73.7%, P = 0.580). However, the prevalence of high TC (8.4% vs. 28.2%, P < 0.001) and high LDL (8.5% vs. 62.6%, P < 0.001) was lower in HIV-positive than HIV-negative subjects, and the prevalence of high TG (33.9% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001) and low HDL (59.6% vs. 11.2%, P < 0.001) was higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative subjects. Logistic analysis showed that HIV positivity was significantly associated with both an increased risk of high TG and low HDL and a decreased risk of high TC and high LDL. The mean levels of TC, of LDL and of HDL showed an increasing trend with increasing CD4 count in HIV-positive subjects. Multivariable logistic regression found that lower CD4 count was significantly associated with both an increased risk of high TG and low HDL and a decreased risk of high TC in HIV-positive subjects.Among antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected Chinese adults, there was a high prevalence of dyslipidemia characterized by high TG and low HDL, which was associated with lower CD4 counts. These data support the assessment of lipid profiles before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy regardless of age.
Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy in the Management of Established Crohn's Disease: Clinical Impact, Safety, and Correlation with Inflammatory Biomarkers

Background:Multiple studies have established the superior diagnostic accuracy of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) for the diagnosis of small bowel (SB) Crohn's disease (CD). However, data on the clinical impact of VCE in patients with established CD are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the impact and safety of VCE on the clinical management of patients with established CD. Methods:A retrospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. The study cohort included consecutive patients with established SB CD who underwent VCE in 4 tertiary referral centers (1 Canada, 1 Sweden, and 2 United Kingdom) from January 2008 to October 2013. Patients were excluded if VCE was performed as a part of the initial diagnostic workup. The presence of SB mucosal inflammation was quantified using the Lewis score. Inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin) were measured and correlated with the Lewis score. Results:The study included 187 patients. No SB inflammation was observed in 28.4%, mild-to-moderate inflammation in 26.6%, and moderate-to-severe inflammation in 45% of the patients (median Lewis score, 662; range, 0–6400). A change in management was recommended in 52.3% of the patients based on VCE findings. Elevated C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, or the combination of both were poorly correlated with significant SB inflammation. SB capsule retention occurred in 4 patients (2.1%). Conclusions:VCE in patients with established CD is safe, and the results often have a significant clinical impact. VCE should not be limited to CD patients with positive inflammatory markers because their predictive value for significant SB inflammation is poor.
Psychological capital and job satisfaction in Egypt

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the boundaries of positive organizational behavior (Luthans, 2002a, b) to North Africa and the Middle East. Specifically, the relevance of Psychological Capital (PsyCap et al., 2007), composed of the positive psychological resources of hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism, is conceptualized and tested in Egypt in relation to job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – A contextualized theoretical model is derived, in which PsyCap can lead to job satisfaction through a set of positive mechanisms. Structural equation modeling is used to test the hypothesized relationships on a sample of 451 Egyptian employees in 11 organizations representing some of Egypt’s most important industries in terms of GDP, employment and world economy integration. Findings – Hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism, individually and when integrated into the higher-order multidimensional construct, PsyCap, are positively related to the job satisfaction of Egyptian employees. Re.
Tests for Forecasts Encompassing When Forecasts Depend on Estimated Regression Parameters

This article presents analytical and simulation results on the properties of two tests for forecast encompassing, allowing throughout for dependence of the forecasts on estimated regression parameters. One test, which was intended for forecasts that do not depend on regression parameters, was developed by Harvey, Leybourne, and Newbold. This test works relatively well when the size of the sample of forecast errors is very small. A second test, which explicitly accounts for uncertainty about the regression parameters, otherwise is comparable or preferable.
Functional Recovery of Denervated Skeletal Muscle with Sensory or Mixed Nerve Protection: A Pilot Study

Functional recovery is usually poor following peripheral nerve injury when reinnervation is delayed. Early innervation by sensory nerve has been indicated to prevent atrophy of the denervated muscle. It is hypothesized that early protection with sensory axons is adequate to improve functional recovery of skeletal muscle following prolonged denervation of mixed nerve injury. In this study, four groups of rats received surgical denervation of the tibial nerve. The proximal and distal stumps of the tibial nerve were ligated in all animals except for those in the immediate repair group. The experimental groups underwent denervation with nerve protection of peroneal nerve (mixed protection) or sural nerve (sensory protection). The experimental and unprotected groups had a stage II surgery in which the trimmed proximal and distal tibial nerve stumps were sutured together. After 3 months of recovery, electrophysiological, histological and morphometric parameters were assessed. It was detected that the significant muscle atrophy and a good preserved structure of the muscle were observed in the unprotected and protective experimental groups, respectively. Significantly fewer numbers of regenerated myelinated axons were observed in the sensory-protected group. Enhanced recovery in the mixed protection group was indicated by the results of the muscle contraction force tests, regenerated myelinated fiber, and the results of the histological analysis. Our results suggest that early axons protection by mixed nerve may complement sensory axons which are required for promoting functional recovery of the denervated muscle natively innervated by mixed nerve.
Comparative Genomics Analysis of Rice and Pineapple Contributes to Understand the Chromosome Number Reduction and Genomic Changes in Grasses

Rice is one of the most researched model plant, and has a genome structure most resembling that of the grass common ancestor after a grass common tetraploidization ∼100 million years ago. There has been a standing controversy whether there had been five or seven basic chromosomes, before the tetraploidization, which were tackled but could not be well solved for the lacking of a sequenced and assembled outgroup plant to have a conservative genome structure. Recently, the availability of pineapple genome, which has not been subjected to the grass-common tetraploidization, provides a precious opportunity to solve the above controversy and to research into genome changes of rice and other grasses. Here, we performed a comparative genomics analysis of pineapple and rice, and found solid evidence that grass-common ancestor had 2n = 2x = 14 basic chromosomes before the tetraploidization and duplicated to 2n = 4x = 28 after the event. Moreover, we proposed that enormous gene missing from duplicated regions in rice should be explained by an allotetraploid produced by prominently divergent parental lines, rather than gene losses after their divergence. This means that genome fractionation might have occurred before the formation of the allotetraploid grass ancestor.
Multibid auctions for bandwidth allocation in communication networks

In this paper, we design a bandwidth pricing mechanism that solves congestion problems in communication networks. The scheme is based on second-price auctions, which are known to be incentive compatible when a single indivisible item is to he sold (users have no interest to lie about the price they are willing to pay for the resource) and to lead to an efficient allocation of resources in the sense that it maximizes social welfare. We prove these properties when an infinitely divisible resource (bandwidth on a communication link) is to he shared among users who are allowed to submit several bids when they want to establish a connection. Our scheme is highly related to the progressive second price auction of Lazar and Semret where players bid sequentially until an (optimal) equilibrium is reached. While keeping their incentive compatibility and efficiency properties, our scheme presents the advantage that the multibid is submitted once only, saving a lot of signalization overhead.
Population genomics of intrapatient HIV-1 evolution

Many microbial populations rapidly adapt to changing environments with multiple variants competing for survival. To quantify such complex evolutionary dynamics in vivo, time resolved and genome wide data including rare variants are essential. We performed whole-genome deep sequencing of HIV-1 populations in 9 untreated patients, with 6-12 longitudinal samples per patient spanning 5-8 years of infection. The data can be accessed and explored via an interactive web application. We show that patterns of minor diversity are reproducible between patients and mirror global HIV-1 diversity, suggesting a universal landscape of fitness costs that control diversity. Reversions towards the ancestral HIV-1 sequence are observed throughout infection and account for almost one third of all sequence changes. Reversion rates depend strongly on conservation. Frequent recombination limits linkage disequilibrium to about 100bp in most of the genome, but strong hitch-hiking due to short range linkage limits diversity. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.11282. 001
How Mindfulness and Acquisition Experience Affect Acquisition Performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights to the impact of acquisition experience from prior acquisitions on the performance of subsequent ones. The authors base the analysis on the concept of mindfulness which has recently gained increasing attention in organizational learning theory. The aim is to extend prior research on mindfulness in organizational learning by empirically addressing how mindfulness in knowledge transfer affects task performance in the context of a rare organizational event, i.e. an acquisition, and how it is moderated by the conditions surrounding that event. Design/methodology/approach – Employing a path-related approach, the authors analyzed large acquisitions of multiple US acquirers in a sequence to be able to clearly identify feedback from preceding acquisitions on subsequent ones. The authors adopt individual acquisition events as the unit of analysis to demonstrate the effect of mindfulness on task performance, and follow the widely used approach of measuring .
Short-term and long-term sequelae in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)

Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) is defined as a rate of growth of a fetus that is less than normal for the growth potential of the fetus (for that particular gestational age). Small for Gestational Age (SGA) is defined infant born following IUGR, with a weight at birth below the 10th percentile.Suboptimal fetal growth occurring in IUGR fetuses is an important cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The acute neonatal consequences of IUGR include metabolic and hematological disturbances, and disrupted thermoregulation; in addition, respiratory distress (RDS), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) may contribute to perinatal morbidity. Metabolic disturbances are related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism. It is well-known that individuals who display poor growth in utero are at significantly increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance (the so-called metabolic syndrome, MS). MS ultimately leads to the premature development of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, short stature in children and adults, premature adrenarche, and the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are endocrinological sequelae of IUGR. (8) Early onset growth delay and prematurity significantly increase the risk for neurological sequelae and motor and cognitive delay.Future prospective studies need to investigate risk factors for infants who are SGA. If reliable prediction can be achieved, there is potential to reduce future perinatal morbidity and mortality, and long term consequences among SGA babies.
Comparison of isolation platforms for detection of circulating renal cell carcinoma cells

Background Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has progressed in several tumor entities. However, little is known about CTCs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. Aim of our studies was to build a stable in vitro fundament for isolation of CTCs in ccRCC. Methods We compared the analytical performance of different CTC isolation methods with regard to yield and purity: EpCAM based enrichment, leukocyte depletion and size based enrichment. EpCAM and cytokeratin 8 (KRT8) as biomarker for CTCs expression were evaluated in ccRCC cell lines as well as clinical samples. Results While the EpCAM based approach failed to successfully isolate tumor cells, CD45 based approaches showed intermediate recovery rates. The cell-size based Parsortix system showed highest recovery rates. EpCAM expression was low or absent in most cell lines as well as in clinical samples, whereas KRT8 was detected as a potential biomarker in ccRCC. Conclusion EpCAM based approaches might miss a high number of CTCs due to low or absent expression of EpCAM in ccRCC, as shown in cell lines as well as in patient samples. We identified the cell-sized based, label independent Parsortix system to be the most effective recovery system for ccRCC CTCs.
The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale

ABSTRACT One facet of the growing interest in spirituality and religion has been the tendency to conceptualize spirituality and religion as distinct, but overlapping, constructs. While this recent distinction has lead to the creation of new spirituality measures, many of these instruments can be faulted on two grounds: they use terms (e.g., God) that limit their validity with non-theistic populations, and they fail to build upon pre-existing scientific work. To address these two concerns, this paper modifies the most prominent instrument in the field of the psychology of religion, Allport and Ross' (1967) measure of intrinsic religion, to tap spirituality. The modified six-item intrinsic spirituality scale assesses the degree to which spirituality functions as an individual's master motive, for both theistic and non-theistic populations, both within and outside of religious frameworks.