Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Markers linked to vegetative incompatibility ( vic ) genes and a region of high heterogeneity and reduced recombination near the mating type locus ( MAT ) in Cryphonectria parasitica

Markers linked to vegetative incompatibility (vic) genes and a region of high heterogeneity and reduced recombination near the mating type locus (MAT) in Cryphonectria parasitica To find markers linked to vegetative incompatibility (vic) genes in the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, we constructed a preliminary linkage map. In general, this map is characterized by low levels of polymorphism, as evident from the more than 24 linkage groups observed, compared to seven expected from electrophoretic karyotyping. Nonetheless, we found markers closely linked to two uic genes (vicl and vic2) making them candidates for positional cloning. Two markers were found to be linked to vic2: one cosegregated with utc2, i-e. , it is 0.0 cM from vic2, the other was at a distance of 4.5 cM; a single marker was found 4.0 cM from vicl. The closest markers linked to three other uic genes (vic4, vic6, and vic7) were >15 cM away; additional markers are needed before efficient positional cloning of these three vic genes can be realized. In contrast to the low levels of polymorphism observed across most of the C. parasitica genome, the linkage group containing the MAT locus appears to harbor an extremely high level of RAPD heterogeneity and reduced recombination. Markers within this highly heterogeneous region are in linkage disequilibrium in some natural populations; however, recombination is clearly evident between this region and the MAT locus.
Sentiment Analysis: Determining People's Emotions in Facebook

Social Network Sites (SNSs) play important roles in people's lives for sharing information. Facebook becomes one of the important platforms for interaction. Facebook allows people to have their own accounts to comment, express feelings and convey emotions via texts as well as emoticons. When a certain issue is discussed, monitoring such information becomes difficult since there are too many suggestions and the problems usually tend to be overlooked. Thus, this paper aims to identify the opinion mining and sentiment analysis components for extracting both English and Malay words in Facebook. Information, in terms of texts, are extracted and clustered into emotions. This work begins with transforming unstructured information into meaningful lexicons after extracting the Facebook's contents. All of the meaningful lexicons are stored in a database after manual identifications are carried out. With sentiment analysis, emotions are classified into happy (positive), unhappy (negative) and emotionless. The results are displayed by giving the percentage of sentiment categories so that it can be concluded that a selected Facebook post get positive or negative responses based on all comments received from users. As a case study, an issue on an examination results is posted and results of students' responses are determined. This study is significant of enabling the stakeholders such as administrators and businessmen to monitor any discussion issue for enhancing their services.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depression; an Overview

Objective: To examine the evidence for therapeutic effect of fast frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (stimulation at >1 Hz; FF-rTMS) on depression. Method: All available information published in English was considered. Results: A large body of animal studies indicates that FF-rTMS has the capacity to influence behaviour and biochemical actions, including the regulation of gene expression, in a manner similar to that of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) and antidepressant medication. There have been eight blind sham controlled studies. In one, the active stimulus may have been inadequate. In another, the sham may have been active. The remaining six studies all showed a significant antidepressant action for the active treatment. Two blind comparisons of FFrTMS and ECT also indicate a useful antidepressant action for TMS. Conclusion: The evidence strongly supports an antidepressant effect for FF-rTMS. The next step is to increase the efficacy of this treatment. That may involve increasing the dose (number of pulses and/or intensity) and number of treatment sessions (German J. Psychiatry 2001; 4:43-50).
Elementary Education Teacher Candidates’ Development of Lesson Planning Skills in an Online Instructional Design Course

Universities continue to explore the presence and role of online courses in their educational programs. Colleges of Education are in the center of this effort as teacher educators and researchers explore whether or not teacher candidates can learn how to teach by taking online courses. This study examined both learning outcomes and teacher candidates’ reactions to completing an asynchronous online course in an elementary education program focused on designing instruction and learning how to integrate technology into teaching. Analyses of variance of indicated statistically significant gains across the three semesters that the course was offered. Further, inductive qualitative analyses of teacher candidates’ reactions included primarily positive comments about the flexible nature of the course, the nature of feedback given, and the authenticity of assignments. Implications are shared for the future design and research of online teacher education courses.
A Longitudinal Study of Relational Aggression and Victimisation in Early Adolescence: Gender Differences in the Moderating Effects of Social Status

Relational aggression is defined as behaviours intended to harm others by damaging their relationships. Drawing from two theoretical perspectives, the social process model and the peer socialisation model, we tested how relational aggression and victimisation could influence each other over time, and examined peer status and gender as moderators of these bidirectional associations. We hypothesised that aggression would lead to increasing victimisation and victimisation to increasing aggression, and that the association from aggression to later victimisation would be weaker for more popular and preferred youth, especially girls. Participants were 328 Australian early adolescents (172 boys, 156 girls) in Grades 5, 6 or 7, who nominated classmates who were aggressive, victimised, popular, and preferred. Results showed support for the role of status and gender in the bidirectional associations between aggression and victimisation. Relational aggression was associated with more T2 relational victimisation only among adolescents who were low in popularity and among girls with low social preference. Victimisation was associated with T2 aggressive behaviour among more popular girls. Relational victimisation was also associated with less T2 aggression among popular boys. Findings highlight the complexities introduced by gender and social status for the unfolding of early adolescent relational aggression and victimisation.
Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Pengalaman Audit dan Tipe Kepribadian terhadap Skeptisme Profesional dan Kemampuan Auditor dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan (Studi Empiris pada Kap di Kota Medan, Padang dan Pekanbaru)

This study was aimed to examine the direct effect of workload, audit experience, types of personality to professional skepticism and fraud detection ability of auditors, and also indirect effect of workload, audit experience, types of personality to fraud detection ability of auditors with professional skepticism as intervening variable. Collecting data of this study using a questionnaire submitted to 120 auditors who work at Accounting Public Office in Medan, Padang and Pekanbaru cities. Data analysis for hypothesis test was done with Partial Lease Square (PLS). Result of this study give evidence that workload and types of personality have significantly effect toward professional skepticism; didn’t find direct effect of audit experience toward professional skepticism; audit experience and professional skepticism have significantly effect toward fraud detection ability of auditors; didn’t find direct effect of workload and types of personality toward fraud detection ability of auditor; workload and types of personality have indirect effect toward fraud detection ability of auditors through professional skepticism. The value of adjusted R square for fraud detection ability of auditors and professional skepticism is 16,43% and 14,20%, which mean that workload, audit experience and types of personality can explain 16,43% and 14,20% of fraud detection ability of auditors and professional skepticism. Keywords: Workload, Audit Experience, Personality, Professional Skepticism and Fraud.
Clinical Practice Associated with a Switch from and to Ziprasidone during Routine Inpatient Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia

Ziprasidone (ZIP) shows a low propensity for metabolic side effects but can prolong QTc time. It is unclear how these features translate into clinical reality. Charts of inpatients with schizophrenia and switched from (ZIP − , n = 27) or to ZIP (ZIP + , n = 24) were reviewed. Clinical data including documented switch reasons were anonymously analyzed. Comorbidity, body mass index (BMI) at admission, illness severity, side effects, illness duration, and length of stay were comparable in both groups. About 2/3 of ZIP+ were women (1/3 of ZIP − , P = 0.035); ZIP+ patients were younger (P = 0.017), had higher BMI values (P = 0.042), and received higher chlorpromazine equivalents before switch (P = 0.004) whereas ZIP doses were comparable (136 versus 141 mg/d). More patients in ZIP− versus ZIP+ were switched because of previous weight gain (P = 0.006) and depression (P = 0.085) whereas single reasons for ZIP− versus ZIP+ were mainly persisting positive symptoms (P = 0.089) and patients' choice (P = 0.10). The results of the naturalistic study corroborate controlled trials.
Distributed Computing and the Graph Entropy Region

Two remote senders observe X and Y, respectively, and can noiselessly send information via a common relay node to a receiver that observes Z. The receiver wants to compute a function f (X, Y, Z) of these possibly related observations, without error. We study the average number of bits that need to be conveyed to that end by each sender to the relay and by the relay to the receiver, in the limit of multiple instances. We relate these quantities to the entropy region of a probabilistic graph with respect to a Cartesian representation of its vertex set, which we define as a natural extension of graph entropy. General properties and bounds for the graph entropy region are derived, and mapped back to special cases of the distributed computing setup.
Data-Based Agreement for Inter-vehicle Coordination

Data-based agreement is increasingly used to implement traceable coordination across mobile entities such as ad-hoc networked (autonomous) vehicles. In our work, we focus on data-based agreement using database transactions where mobile entities agree on a set of coordinated tasks that need to be performed by them in an atomic way. Atomicity means that all transaction participants agree on a set of tasks which will be performed by them or no one of them is performing any task. The data about the agreed tasks and their corresponding stakeholders are kept in local databases as a proof for the obtained agreement. This proof might be needed by users and regularities/authorities involved depending on the application scenario. In this demo, we demonstrate our effort to provide for partition-aware atomic commit protocols for transactional data-based agreement.
Analysis of pixel-mapping rounding on geometric distortion as a prediction for view synthesis distortion

We analyze the performance of the geometric distortion, incurred when coding depth maps in 3D Video, as an estimator of the distortion of synthesized views. Our analysis is motivated by the need of reducing the computational complexity required for the computation of synthesis distortion in 3D video encoders. We propose several geometric distortion models that capture (i) the geometric distortion caused by the depth coding error, and (ii) the pixel-mapping precision in view synthesis. Our analysis starts with the evaluation of the correlation of geometric distortion values obtained with these models and the actual distortion on synthesized views. Then, the different geometric distortion models are employed in the rate-distortion optimization cycle of depth map coding, in order to assess the results obtained by the correlation analysis. Results show that one of the geometric distortion models is performing consistently better than the other models in all tests. Therefore, it can be used as a reasonable estimator of the synthesis distortion in low complexity depth encoders.
The Impact of Neighborhood Status on Imprisonment for Firearm Offenses

Burgeoning research on criminal case processing has revealed persistent effects of the race and ethnicity of defendants on case outcomes up to and including imprisonment. But prior studies have devoted relatively little attention to how the characteristics of the communities in which crimes are committed affect imprisonment and antecedent legal outcomes such as bail amount and pretrial detention. Guided by the group threat and focal concerns perspectives, the current study examines the impact of community racial and socioeconomic composition on the likelihood that African American male defendants are sentenced to prison rather than probation for firearm offenses in a large Midwestern city. We find that defendants arrested in neighborhoods with higher proportions of non-poor residents received higher bail and, in turn, spent more time in jail and were more likely to be sentenced to prison than those arrested in lower status neighborhoods. We find no significant effect of neighborhood racial composition on bail, pretrial confinement, or imprisonment. We recommend that the community context of crime receive high priority in future research on the impact of extralegal factors on imprisonment.
Estimation and model selection for model-based clustering with the conditional classification likelihood

The Integrated Completed Likelihood (ICL) criterion has been proposed by Biernacki et al. (2000) in the model-based clustering framework to select a relevant number of classes and has been used by statisticians in various application areas. A theoretical study of this criterion is proposed. A contrast related to the clustering objective is introduced: the conditional classification likelihood. This yields an estimator and a model selection criteria class. The properties of these new procedures are studied and ICL is proved to be an approximation of one of these criteria. We oppose these results to the current leading point of view about ICL, that it would not be consistent. Moreover these results give insights into the class notion underlying ICL and feed a reflection on the class notion in clustering. General results on penalized minimum contrast criteria and on mixture models are derived, which are interesting in their own right.
Allostatic Load Assessment for Early Detection of Stress in the Workplace in Egypt

AIM: Workplace stress is hazardous for its harmful impact on employees’ health and organizational productivity. The aim of the study is to apply the Allostatic Load Index (ALI) which is a multi-component measure for health risk assessment and early detection of stress among workers in Egypt. METHODS: Sixty-two working adults randomly selected from two different working environments in Egypt were included in the study. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire for socio-demographic and work variables. Andrews and Withey test for Job Satisfaction was filled and 3 ml blood samples were collected. Markers assessed for Allostatic Load were serum cortisol, c-reactive protein, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate, total thyroxine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, waist to hip ratio and body mass index. The risk quartile method was used for calculation of ALI. ALI value of four or more indicates high Allostatic Load. RESULTS: Job satisfaction scale defined about a quarter of the study population (24%) to be dissatisfied with Allostatic Load of 2.4 as the mean value. Population percentage with ALI ≥4 reached 12.9% with 100% of them females. A significant association was found between Allostatic Load of primary mediators and age, the presence of chronic diseases, place of work and female gender. CONCLUSION: Female gender and the old age of the Egyptian workforce under study are at higher risk of chronic diseases. Using an alternative way -for example, the cut-point method- instead of the risk quartiles for dichotomization of markers used in ALI calculation could be more precise for early detection of stress among healthy individuals.
HANNO COLLABORATO A METHODOS : CONTRIBUTORS OF METHODOS Universal Turing Machine

Consistent hashing and digital-to-analog converters, while unfortunate in theory, have not until recently been considered typical. after years of practical research into public-private key pairs, we disconfirm the confusing unification of operating systems and reinforcement learning, which embodies the key principles of cryptoanalysis. In order to solve this question, we introduce a methodology for the construction of erasure coding (Roe), which we use to disconfirm that gigabit switches can be made optimal, flexible, and event-driven.
Family or friends: what counts more for drinking behaviour of young adults? / Familia o amigos: ¿qué pesa más en los hábitos de consumo de alcohol de los jóvenes?

Abstract The scientific literature stresses the importance of culture and social environment in determining what people think about alcohol consumption and consequently do. Several pieces of research have proved the influence on young adults’ alcohol use of proximal social contexts of their family and peers. The present study aimed at investigating the influence of family behaviours and norms compared to the peers’ influence in a context where the culture of alcohol is changing between the different generations. Data were collected by means of a self-report questionnaire on a sample of 598 young adults (average age 22.20 years). The variables investigated were socio-demographic characteristics, the alcohol consumption of parents and friends and the parents’ and peers’ approval of alcohol consumption. The results confirmed the role of family and friends in influencing young adults’ consumption of alcohol, stressing a difference between perceived behaviours and norms. The perceived consumption of parents and friends influenced the participants’ consumption. On the contrary, the effects of the approval of drinking were limited. Globally friends had a stronger influence on alcohol consumption in comparison with family.
Olfactory Stimulation by Vanillin Prevents Apnea in Premature Newborn Infants

Objective Apnea is one of the most common problems in premature newborns. The present study aimed to determine the effect of olfactory stimulation by vanillin on prevention of apnea in premature newborns. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 36 premature newborns with the postnatal age of 2 days and weight under 2500 grams referred to the hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, were selected through simple random sampling and allocated into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received olfactory stimulation by saturated vanillin solution, while the control group received no interventions. The newborns of both groups were continuously monitored for presence/absence of apnea and number of episodes of apnea as well as arterial blood oxygen saturation and heart rate for 5 days. The data were analyzed by independent Student t-test and repeat measure ANCOVA. Findings The presence of apnea revealed to be significantly different between the two groups in the first, second, and fourth day of the study (P<0.05). The number of episodes of apnea during five days was also significantly different between the study groups (t=8.32, P<0.05). Using olfactory stimulation by vanillin caused a 3.1-fold decrease in apnea and the effect size was 0.72. Moreover, the two groups were significantly different regarding the arterial blood oxygen and heart rate during the study period (P<0.05). Conclusion This study indicated the beneficial effect of saturated vanillin solution on apnea; therefore, it may be used for prevention and treatment of apnea in premature infants. Further studies are needed to improve evidence-based practice in this regard.
COUNTING HIERARCHIES(cid:2) POLYNOMIAL TIME AND CONSTANT DEPTH CIRCUITS

In the spring of (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:5) Seinosuke Toda of the University of Electro(cid:6)Commu(cid:6) nications in Tokyo(cid:5) Japan(cid:5) proved that the polynomial hierarchy is contained in P PP (cid:7)To(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:8)(cid:9) In this Structural Complexity Column(cid:5) we will brie(cid:10)y review Toda(cid:11)s result(cid:5) and explore how it relates to other topics of interest in computer science(cid:9) In particular(cid:5) we will introduce the reader to The Counting Hierarchy(cid:2) a hierarchy of complexity classes contained in PSPACE and containing the Polynomial Hierarchy(cid:9) Threshold Circuits(cid:2) circuits constructed of MAJORITY gates(cid:12) this notion of circuit is being studied not only by complexity theoreticians(cid:5) but also by researchers in an active sub(cid:13)eld of AI studying (cid:14)neural networks(cid:15)(cid:9) Along the way(cid:5) we(cid:11)ll review the important notion of an operator on a com(cid:6) plexity class(cid:9)
Vaccination of Cancer Patients Against Telomerase Induces Functional Antitumor CD8+ T Lymphocytes

Purpose: High-level expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in >85% of human cancers, in contrast with its restricted expression in normal adult tissues, points to hTERT as a broadly applicable molecular target for anticancer immunotherapy. CTLs recognize peptides derived from hTERT and kill hTERT+ tumor cells of multiple histologies in vitro. Moreover, because survival of hTERT+ tumor cells requires functionally active telomerase, hTERT mutation or loss as a means of escape may be incompatible with sustained tumor growth. Experimental Design: A Phase I clinical trial was performed to evaluate the clinical and immunological impact of vaccinating advanced cancer patients with the HLA-A2-restricted hTERT I540 peptide presented with keyhole limpet hemocyanin by ex vivo generated autologous dendritic cells. Results: As measured by peptide/MHC tetramer, enzyme-linked immunospot, and cytotoxicity assays, hTERT-specific T lymphocytes were induced in 4 of 7 patients with advanced breast or prostate carcinoma after vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed with hTERT peptide. Tetramer-guided high-speed sorting and polyclonal expansion achieved highly enriched populations of hTERT-specific cells that killed tumor cells in an MHC- restricted fashion. Despite concerns of telomerase activity in rare normal cells, no significant toxicity was observed. Partial tumor regression in 1 patient was associated with the induction of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the immunological feasibility of vaccinating patients against telomerase and provide rationale for targeting self-antigens with critical roles in oncogenesis.