Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Baryon Acoustic Oscillations in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 Galaxy Sample

The spectroscopic Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7 (DR7) galaxy sample represents the final set of galaxies observed using the original SDSS target selection criteria. We analyse the clustering of galaxies within this sample, including both the luminous red galaxy and main samples, and also include the 2-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey data. In total, this sample comprises 893 319 galaxies over 9100 deg(2). Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) are observed in power spectra measured for different slices in redshift; this allows us to constrain the distance-redshift relation at multiple epochs. We achieve a distance measure at redshift z = 0.275, of r(s)(z(d))/D-V(0.275) = 0.1390 +/- 0.0037 (2.7 per cent accuracy), where r(s)(z(d)) is the comoving sound horizon at the baryon-drag epoch, D-V(z) equivalent to [(1 + z)(2)D(A)(2)cz/H(z)](1/3), D-A(z) is the angular diameter distance and H(z) is the Hubble parameter. We find an almost independent constraint on the ratio of distances D-V(0.35)/D-V(0.2) = 1.736 +/- 0.065, which is consistent at the 1.1 sigma level with the best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter model obtained when combining our z = 0.275 distance constraint with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 5-year (WMAP5) data. The offset is similar to that found in previous analyses of the SDSS DR5 sample, but the discrepancy is now of lower significance, a change caused by a revised error analysis and a change in the methodology adopted, as well as the addition of more data. Using WMAP5 constraints on Omega(b)h(2) and Omega(c) h(2), and combining our BAO distance measurements with those from the Union supernova sample, places a tight constraint on Omega(m) = 0.286 +/- 0.018 and H-0 = 68.2 +/- 2.2 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) that is robust to allowing Omega(k) not equal 0 and omega not equal -1. This result is independent of the behaviour of dark energy at redshifts greater than those probed by the BAO and supernova measurements. Combining these data sets with the full WMAP5 likelihood constraints provides tight constraints on both Omega(k) = -0.006 +/- 0.008 and omega = -0.97 +/- 0.10 for a constant dark energy equation of state.
A semantic space for modeling children's semantic memory

The goal of this paper is to present a model of children's semantic memory, which is based on a corpus reproducing the kinds of texts children are exposed to. After presenting the literature in the development of the semantic memory, a preliminary French corpus of 3.2 million words is described. Similarities in the resulting semantic space are compared to human data on four tests: association norms, vocabulary test, semantic judgments and memory tasks. A second corpus is described, which is composed of subcorpora corresponding to various ages. This stratified corpus is intended as a basis for developmental studies. Finally, two applications of these models of semantic memory are presented: the first one aims at tracing the development of semantic similarities paragraph by paragraph; the second one describes an implementation of a model of text comprehension derived from the Construction-integration model (Kintsch, 1988, 1998) and based on such models of semantic memory.
Career development of female chartered accountants in Scotland:marginalization and segregation

Women′s participation in the chartered accountancy profession in Scotland has increased considerably in the past 20 years. Reviews the achievements of female chartered accountants in the profession to assess the extent to which women′s careers differ from those of men. The growing literature on gender issues in accountancy points to the marginalization and segregation of women, both historically and at the present time. The results of a questionnaire survey of male and female chartered accountants (response rate = 52 per cent) indicates that such a situation does exist in Scotland, with women achieving less senior positions than men, working in smaller firms and in different areas of work. Women′s job satisfaction diminished when they had children as they felt that they were given less interesting and challenging work and had reduced promotion prospects. They would also like to see greater opportunities for flexible working.
SPLENDID: SPARQL Endpoint Federation Exploiting VOID Descriptions

In order to leverage the full potential of the Semantic Web it is necessary to transparently query distributed RDF data sources in the same way as it has been possible with federated databases for ages. However, there are significant differences between the Web of (linked) Data and the traditional database approaches. Hence, it is not straightforward to adapt successful database techniques for RDF federation. Reasons are the missing cooperation between SPARQL end-points and the need for detailed data statistics for estimating the costs of query execution plans. We have implemented SPLENDID, a query optimization strategy for federating SPARQL endpoints based on statistical data obtained from voiD descriptions.
Family disruption and adult attachment correlates of spouse and child reactions to separation and reunion due to Operation Desert Storm

Employing predictors derived from the stress resistance and adult attachment literature, two studies are reported on the effects of war separation due to Operation Desert Storm on the families of South Carolina Reserve and National Guard member families. Study One, conducted during March and April 1991 (just following the cessation of fighting), sampled soldiers' spouses who attended military support group meetings. Data showed that separation was correlated with emotional distress for spouses and internalizing-type behavior problems in children. Spouse distress was positively correlated with family disruption ratings and negatively correlated with attachment security whereas children's reactions were primarily determined by mother distress and, to a lesser extent, family disruption. Attachment style was a particularly powerful predictor of distress among childless spouses. Only for those reporting high levels of family disruption did military support group perceptions moderate distress levels. In Study Two, conducted in December 1991, six months after reunion, another sample was studied using participants who responded to a survey mailed to spouses of all state Reserve and National Guard personnel activated during Desert Storm. The instrument assessed retrospective accounts of distress during separation, and children's behavior at separation and reunion. As in study one, distress was related to family disruption and attachment style, and maternal distress was highly related to children's behavior during deployment and at reunion. Adult attachment security was significantly related to children's behaviior at reunion and marginally related to behavior problems during separation. Results are discussed with reference to both research on effects of war-related stresses on families, and on importance of considering adult attachment in research on stressful separations
Stability of Teleoperation Systems by Delay-dependent Neutral LMI Techniques

In this work we study the stability of several standard teleoperation schemes. This problem is usually addressed by frequency domain Laplace techniques or by passivity techniques. We use an LMI approach based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals. Firstly, the schemes are modelled as differential-delayed equations which are of the neutral type, that is, the delay affects not only the state but also the state derivative. Secondly, we apply stability results that are delay-dependent, the reason is that for better performance for small delays, we must accept the possibility that stability is lost for large delays. The proposed approach is applied to an example, and advantages are discussed
Teacher‐student communication: A descriptive typology of students’ interpersonal experiences with teachers

Teacher‐student relationships are integral to the education process. While researchers have examined teacher perceptions of these relationships, little is known about student attitudes. Further, very little recent instructional communication research has addressed elementary and secondary students. This study presents the results of a survey administered to 158 students asking them to identify their most positive and negative interpersonal experiences with teachers. Coders transcribed and unitized the responses. Three categories of positive (teacher helping, recognition, enjoyment via activity) and five categories of negative (embarrassment, unjustifiable discipline, unwanted aggression, inappropriate affection, unrealistic expectation) communicative experiences emerged from the analysis. These findings are discussed in relation to the future of the American Public School system.
A discussion on the user intention of golfers toward golf GPS navigation

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the user’s willingness of golfers toward the use of GPS navigation based on the technology readiness and acceptance models. Design/methodology/approach – This study developed the research structure based on the theory of the technology acceptance and readiness model to address the relationship between technology readiness, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, user’s attitude and behavioral intention. A purposive sampling questionnaire was used in this study to investigate golf participants in Central Taiwan. In all, 245 copies of the questionnaire were issued. About 240 copies were returned and after removing the invalid copies, there were 230 valid questionnaires for a valid response rate of 95.8 per cent. Findings – The research results indicated that technology readiness has a significant influence on perceived usefulness, technology readiness has a significant influence on perceived ease of use, perceived ease of use has a significant influence on perceived.
Building an idea: the material construction of an ideal childhood

This paper explores how ideas and ideals are constructed. More specifically, it follows how ideas and ideals of ‘childhood’ are constructed. Still more specifically, it attends to the ways in which idea(l)s of childhood are literally and materially constructed, in, through and as part of practices such as the building and maintenance of architectural forms. I argue that most studies of childhood largely ignore the importance of local, banal, ephemeral, mundane, material practices – often involved in the very constitution and performance of spaces – which are hugely significant to the construction of idea(l)s like childhood. By adopting a ‘critical geographical’ approach to the daily life of an alternative school in Pembrokeshire, in the United Kingdom, I demonstrate how particular arrays of usually un-noticed practices are involved in the construction, constitution and evocation of idea(l)s like childhood.
Josephson current through a superconducting quantum point contact shorter than the coherence length.

It is shown theoretically that the critical current of a smooth and impurity-free superconducting constriction increases stepwise as a function of its width. The step height at zero temperature is e${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{0}$/\ensuremath{\Elzxh}, dependent on the energy gap ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{0}$ of the bulk superconductor but not on the junction parameters. This is the analog of the quantized conductance of a point contact in the normal state. It is essential that the constriction is short compared to the superconducting coherence length.
Sustained virologic response and IL28B single-nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin.

INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global health problem which can lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in one-fifth of chronically infected patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 123 patients: 90 with HCV mono- and 33 with HIV/HCV co-infection, who were treated with pegylated interferon alfa (Peg-IFN-α) and ribavirin. We analyzed selected pretreatment factors: age, sex, HIV/HCV co-infection, grade of inflammation, necrotic changes and fibrosis in histological analysis of liver bioptates, HCV viral load, HCV genotypes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL28B and tried to find out which of them influence sustained virological response (SVR). The IL28B SNP C/T (rs12979860) was analyzed using Custom(®) SNP Genotyping Assays (Applied Biosystems). RESULTS Multivariate analysis demonstrated that after adjusting for the other variables three predictors independently influence SVR, namely genotype 3 of HCV, presence of the CC genotype and age >40 years (OR respectively 15.14, 3.62, and 0.36). HCV mono-infected patients were infected with HCV genotype 3 or 4 less frequently (p=0.0001) compared to HIV/HCV co-infected individuals. In patients with HIV/HCV co-infection the CC variant occurred more frequently whereas CT was found less frequently (p=0.001, p=0.0146, respectively). In patients with HIV/HCV co-infection, 3 and 4 genotype of HCV occurred more frequently compared to patients with HCV mono-infection (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that age, HCV genotype and IL28B polymorphism are useful for prediction of the response to treatment with Peg-IFN-α and ribavirin. The more frequent occurrence of HCV genotypes 3 or 4 in patients with HIV/HCV co-infection could be associated with the route of transmission.
The impact of one session of HF-rTMS on salivary cortisol in healthy female subjects

Previous studies in healthy volunteers reported a possible impact of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) on stress hormones, like cortisol. In this sham-controlled, “single blind”, crossover study, we examined whether HF-rTMS had an effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, by analysing salivary cortisol levels. Two studies were conducted. First, HF-rTMS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was performed in 28 young healthy female volunteers. Second, in a comparable, but different group of 26 healthy females, HF-rTMS was performed on the right DLPFC. Salivary cortisol levels were assessed before, immediately after and 30 min after real and sham HF-rTMS. We found no support for the hypothesis that one single session of HF-rTMS on the left or the right DLPFC has an immediate or delayed impact on the HPA–axis, as measured by salivary cortisol. Although we controlled for several methodological problems in HF-rTMS research, the hypothesis that one single session of HF-rTMS on the left or on the right DLPFC can influence the HPA-axis in healthy volunteers was not supported.
Individual Differences in Selective Attention to Information Graphics in Televised Sports

Despite the ubiquitous presence of information graphics in sport telecasts, little research has explored how at-home spectators allocate attention to them or individual differences in selective attention. This study demonstrates two viewer characteristics that impact attention to information graphics in two excerpts from the 2012 World Series. Eye-tracking data reveal that although viewers universally attend to these graphics upon onset, those with greater interest in sports and sports statistics exhibited greater cognitive processing of these elements as indexed by gaze duration. Differences in selective attention provide a framework for studying attention in new sport media high in visual complexity.
The Design of Inclusive Education Courses and the Self‐efficacy of Preservice Teacher Education Students

This study examines whether participation in a 13‐week undergraduate inclusive education course covaried with an improvement in the self‐efficacy of preservice elementary education teachers. We sought to determine whether self‐efficacy was influenced differentially by the type of field‐based placement experienced by students in the course. The results showed that an improvement in student self‐efficacy co‐varied with participation in the inclusive education course, although the field‐based placement did not differentially affect self‐efficacy at a statistically significant level.
Optimizing Strategic Insecticide Resistance Management Planning in Malaria Vectors

In the past decade, there has been rapid scale-up of insecticide-based malaria vector control in the context of integrated vector management (IVM). But, the continued efficacy ofvec tor control interventions is threatened by the selection of insecticide resistance. Evidence of insecticide resistance operationally undermining malaria vector control programmes is invariably mounting and is resulting in policy changes. Monitoring and management of resistant disease vectors is essential to limit the selection and spread of insecticide resistance and to maintain the effectiveness of vector control. Thus, countries are encouraged to implement pre-emptive insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategies against malaria vectors according to the Global Plan for IRM. However, substantial challenges for implementation exist at country level. The IVM strategy provides a potential platform that could be exploited for enhanced national strategic IRM planning and operationalisation. Nevertheless, significant coordinated response among stakeholders and political commitment is needed for timely and effective policy implementation within the context of a national health system.
Diffusion-tensor imaging-guided tracking of fibers of the pyramidal tract combined with intraoperative cortical stimulation mapping in patients with gliomas.

OBJECT The goal of this study was to use diffusion-tensor (DT) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to track fibers combined with cortical stimulation mapping to delineate descending motor pathways. Subcortical localization of motor pathways in relation to a glioma may provide critical information to guide tumor resection and prevent surgical morbidity. METHODS Eleven adult patients harboring gliomas underwent MR imaging 1 day prior to image-guided intraoperative cortical motor mapping and tumor resection. Screens depicting 27 cortical motor sites on a surgical navigation system were saved to launch DT imaging of fiber tracks of descending motor pathways. The position and organization of motor tracts were visualized by fiber tracking. Tracks from 16 motor stimulation sites followed descending pathways from the precentral gyrus, through the corona radiata and internal capsule, and into the cerebral peduncle. These tracks were also observed on DT images to diverge along crossing white matter bundles (four patients) and to terminate or deviate in regions of peritumoral vasogenic edema (five patients). CONCLUSIONS The use of precise intraoperative cortical mapping information and DT images of fiber tracks can reveal the course of motor pathways beneath the cortex. The subcortical fiber tracks generated are consistent with the known anatomical course and somatotopic organization of the motor tract in relation to its cortical origins. Tracking fibers by using DT imaging in combination with functional localization has the potential to reduce surgical morbidity by revealing subcortical connections of the functional cortex.
Technology, Education, and At-Risk Students

teachers in schools with lower minority enrollments (less than 6% or 6-20%) were more likely to have the Internet available in the classroom than teachers in schools with the highest minority enrollments (50% or more minority enrollments)—69% and 71% compared with 51%. Moreover, teachers in schools with the lowest minority enrollments (less than 6%) were more likely to report having two to five computers connected to the Internet than teachers in schools with the highest minority enrollments (19% compared with 9%)
Assessment of Psychological Functioning in Cancer Patients

This article identifies frequently used instruments that have been used to measure psychological functioning in cancer patients, summarizes information about the use of these tools in samples of cancer patients, and provides a critical evaluation of and recommendations for developing assessment instruments. Issues of the Journal of Psychosocial Oncology published between 1986 and 1993 were reviewed to select the scales most commonly used to measure patients' psychological functioning. Seven scales that assess depression, anxiety, psychological symptoms, mood, and general psychosocial adjustment to illness were identified: Beck Depression Inventory, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Symptom Checklist 90-R, Brief Symptom Inventory, Profile of Mood States, and Psychosocia1 Adjustment to Illness Scale. A review of studies using the different scales in samples of cancer patients highlighted numerous issues concerning the validity of these tools. Future studies should.
Food environments and obesity--neighbourhood or nation?

Obesity arises from an imbalance between energy input and output 1 but in this commentary we focus exclusively on environmental issues in energy intake in the developed world. Our aim is both to provide an overview of recent findings on obesogenic environments 2 and to point to cross national variations in their distribution. It has recently been suggested that individually focused interventions attempting to reduce obesity have had limited success, 3 and that the widespread and increasing prevalence of obesity is inadequately explained by individual-level psychological and social factors associated with diet or physical activity. 1,2,4,5 This suggestion is part of a broader critique of the over-emphasis on the role of individual health behaviours, which has tended to ignore the influence of the complex social and physical contexts in which individual behavioural decisions are made. 4,6 Such critiques have led to a new focus on ‘environmental’ exposures that encourage excessive food intake and discourage physical activity. 7–10
Periodic Limbic Movement Disorder during Sleep as Diabetes-Related Syndrome? A Polysomnographic Study

Introduction. Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMs) is common in the elderly. When quality-of-life drops due to sleep disturbances, we speak about periodic limb movement disorder during sleep (PLMD). Another similar disorder, restless legs syndrome (RLS), is considered to be related to diabetes; RLS and PLMDs are genetically related. Our aim was to detect PLMDs in a population of diabetic patients and identify them as possible hallmarks of these autonomic disorders. Material and Methods. We selected 41 type-2 diabetics with no sleep comorbidity, and compared them with 38 healthy matched volunteers. All participants underwent the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and polysomnography (PSG). A periodic limb movement (PLM) index >5, that is, the higher number of PLMs/sleep hour for the entire night, was considered as abnormal. Results. Diabetics showed lower sleep efficiency than controls on the ESS, lower proportions of REM and non-REM sleep, and higher arousal and PLM indexes, as assessed through PSG. PLMDs were diagnosed in 13 of 41 diabetic patients (31%); the latter showed lower sleep efficiency, lower non-REM slow-wave sleep, and increased arousal and PLM indexes. Conclusion. The relationship between PLMs-related sleep fragmentation and endocrine carbohydrate metabolism regulation might be casual or genetically determined. This deserves further investigations.