Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marriage, race/ethnicity, and psychological distress among foreign-born Chinese, Korean, Mexican, and Vietnamese Americans

ABSTRACT The association between marriage and psychological distress has been well documented; however, whether race/ethnicity moderates this relationship remains vastly understudied. Our study investigated the effect of race/ethnicity on relationship between marriage and psychological distress among four groups of foreign-born Americans. Using the data from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey, we employed multivariate analyses to test the effect of interaction between marriage and race/ethnicity on psychological distress among foreign-born Mexicans (N=3,752), Chinese (N=812), Koreans (N=857) and Vietnamese (N=1,354). The analysis revealed that marriage significantly interacts with race/ethnicity in impacting psychological distress (F (7, 73) = 2.48, p < . 01). Unmarried Mexicans (4.250, 95% CI = 3.566, 4.934) and unmarried Chinese (3.833, 95% CI = 2.738, 4.929) had a statistically greater average of psychological distress than married Mexicans (3.324, 95% CI = 3.124, 3.523) and married Chinese (2.591, 95% CI = 1.988, 3.184). Racial differences in terms of marital status and psychological distress existed only between married Chinese and Mexicans and between unmarried Mexicans and Vietnamese participants. Results highlight consideration for racial and ethnic differences in the association of marriage and psychological distress among these groups for culturally sensitive interventions.
Herbrand constraint abduction

In this paper we explore abduction over the Herbrand domain - equations on the algebra of finite terms (or finite trees) - which is a central element of logic programming and first-order automated reasoning. This paper is a case study of constraint abduction in the Herbrand domain. The direct relationship between Herbrand constraint abduction and type inference outlined above should make it easy to interpret the results of this paper in the context of type inference.
The Effect and Feasibility Study of Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy Via Superior Border of Inferior Pedicle Approach for Down-Migrated Intracanal Disc Herniations

AbstractTransforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is gradually regarded as an effective alternative to posterior open surgery. However, migrated herniations bring a great technical challenge even for experienced surgeons due to the absence of the appropriate approaching guideline. We aimed to describe a safe and effective approaching technique for the removal of down-migrations on the basis of the clinical outcomes and complications compared with the conventional approaching method.A total of 45 patients recommended to single-level PELD with foraminoplasty were randomly divided into 2 groups, group A received foraminoplasty via upper border of inferior pedicle, group B was approached through the common transforaminal route. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for leg pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores. Then participants were classified into 2 types of migrations (high-grade and low-grade) based on the extent of migration presented on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The various comparisons between the 2 surgical techniques were analyzed.The postoperative VAS and ODI scores significantly decreased in both of the 2 groups after surgery (P < 0.001). The follow-up continued 1 year. With increasing length of follow-up, the disparities in clinical outcomes between the 2 groups were gradually narrowing and there was no significant difference at the end of follow-up (P = 0.32; P = 0.46). There were no differences in the operation time and duration of hospital stay (P = 0.36; P = 0.08). The highly migration group in group B showed a significant longer operation time (P = 0.02), but the extent of migration did not have a significant influence on the operation time in group A with the modified approach (P = 0.19). There were no apparent approach-related complications in group A during the procedure and follow-up period.Foraminoplastic-PELD via upper border of inferior pedicle can serve as a safe and effective minimally invasive technique for removal of down-migrated herniations. Furthermore, it is essential to identify the radiologic characteristics so as to choose the most appropriate approaching technique.
Analysis of Curriculum Standards: An Important Research Area.

This commentary highlights the contribution that careful and systematic analyses of curriculum or content standards can make to questions and issues important in the mathematics education field. We note the increased role that curriculum standards have played as part of a standards-based education reform strategy. We also review different methods used by researchers to compare and analyze the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, each method designed for a particular purpose. Finally, we call upon mathematics education researchers to engage in careful analysis of curriculum standards and to share their findings in ways that can inform public debate as well as support education professionals in improving student learning opportunities.
A Link Quality and Geographical-aware Routing Protocol for Video Transmission in Mobile IoT

Wireless mobile sensor networks are enlarging the Internet of Things (IoT) portfolio with a huge number of multimedia services for smart cities. Safety and environmental monitoring multimedia applications will be part of the Smart IoT systems, which aim to reduce emergency response time, while also predicting hazardous events. In these mobile and dynamic (possible disaster) scenarios, opportunistic routing allows routing decisions in a completely distributed manner, by using a hop- by-hop route decision based on protocol-specific characteristics, and a predefined end-to-end path is not a reliable solution. This enables the transmission of video flows of a monitored area/object with Quality of Experience (QoE) support to users, headquarters or IoT platforms. However, existing approaches rely on a single metric to make the candidate selection rule, including link quality or geographic information, which causes a high packet loss rate, and reduces the video perception from the human standpoint. This article proposes a cross-layer Link quality and Geographical-aware Opportunistic routing protocol (LinGO), which is designed for video dissemination in mobile multimedia IoT environments. LinGO improves routing decisions using multiple metrics, including link quality, geographic loca- tion, and energy. The simulation results show the benefits of LinGO compared with well-known routing solutions for video transmission with QoE support in mobile scenarios.
What's in a Name?: Womanism, Black Feminism, and Beyond

oped a "voice," a self-defined, collective black women's standpoint about black womanhood (Collins 1990). Moreover, black women used this standpoint to "talk back" concerning black women's representation in dominant discourses (hooks 1989). As a result of this struggle, African American women's ideas and experiences have achieved a visibility unthinkable in the past. But African American women now stand at a different historical moment. Black
Asymmetric dimethylarginine but not osteoprotegerin correlates with disease severity in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis undergoing anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐α therapy

Patients with psoriasis, in particular those with severe disease, have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events compared with the general population. The aim of the present study is to determine whether correlation between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), two biomarkers associated with CV disease, and disease severity may exist in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. We also aimed to establish if baseline serum levels of these two biomarkers could correlate with the degree of change in the clinical parameters of disease severity following the use of anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α therapy in these patients. This was a prospective study on a series of consecutive non‐diabetic patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis who completed 6 months of therapy with anti‐TNF‐α‐adalimumab. Patients with kidney disease, hypertension or body mass index of 35 kg/m2 or more were excluded. Metabolic and clinical evaluation was performed immediately prior to the onset of treatment and at month 6. Twenty‐nine patients were assessed. Unlike OPG, a significant positive correlation between ADMA and resistin serum levels was found at the onset of adalimumab and also after 6 months of biologic therapy. We also observed a positive correlation between the percent of body surface area affected (BSA) and ADMA levels obtained before the onset of adalimumab and a negative correlation between baseline ADMA levels and a 6‐month BSA change compared with baseline results. In patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis, ADMA levels correlate with clinical markers of disease severity.
Problematic Internet Usage Among Students In a Medical School In Lagos, Nigeria.

Background : The increasing use of the World Wide Web, also known as the internet, presents as many opportunities as challenges. Challenges such as addictive use are prevalent among all age groups, but young persons are particularly at risk of being dependent upon its use. Problematic use of the internet is a growing problem of public health significance globally and the prevalence of this health challenge is particularly important in developing nations. Aims : To determine the prevalence of problematic internet use, and the relationship with probable psychiatric morbidity among a sample of students in a medical College in Lagos Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study among undergraduate students of a medical school in Lagos, Nigeria. The students were selected from the second, third and fourth years of medical training. Using convenience sampling a total of 192 students participated and completed the distributed questionnaires. The Internet Addiction Scale (IAS) designed by Kimberly Young was used in assessing for problematic use. On this scale a total score of 20- 49 suggests the user has complete control over usage of the internet, 50-70 suggests occasional problematic internet use and above 70 suggests significant problematic use or internet addiction. The General health questionnaire (version 12) served to screen for probable Psychiatric Results : The mean age of respondents was 23.8 years (± 6.3 SD). Majority (89.6%) of the students were studying Medicine and Surgery while others were studying Pharmacy (5.6%), Physiology (1.40%) and Dentistry (3.5%). Fifty six (29.2%) of the students had occasional problematic internet use, while 9(4.7%) had significant problematic internet use symptoms. Eighty one (42.2%) had scores on the GHQ suggestive of probable psychiatric morbidity. Among those with occasional problematic internet use and significant problematic internet use, scores suggestive of probable psychiatric morbidity was found in 27 (49.1%) and 1 (11.1%) respectively. Overall mean score on the IAS was 43.4 (SD ± 19.3). Conclusion : Occasional problematic Internet use and probable psychiatric morbidity exists among this population group. Enlightenment about the potential problems associated with internet use and options for support or professional care should be made available to young internet users via institutions of learning.
Changes in serum lipids, independent of weight, are associated with changes in symptoms during long-term clozapine treatment.

OBJECTIVE Investigators have reported that weight gain attributed to clozapine is associated with its clinical response. However, weight gain is a nonspecific physiological variable that, in itself, does not explain the mechanism underlying this relation. Alternatively, other biological variables that are often associated with weight gain, such as serum lipids, may assist in explaining this observation. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether an increase in serum lipids is associated with improvement in schizophrenia symptoms during steady state treatment with clozapine. METHODS The data for this study represent a subset of data from a randomized, double-blinded trial that evaluated subjects with schizophrenia who demonstrated a poor treatment response to clozapine. While continuing their clozapine therapy, subjects were randomly assigned to receive either risperidone 3 mg daily or placebo for 8 weeks. This course of treatment was followed by an optional (open-label) 18 weeks of augmentation with risperidone. In the present study, we included all subjects from the previously reported trial who had fasting lipid analyses and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores from days 7 and 63 (n = 55). For the primary analyses, we used multiple regression to examine the association between serum lipid concentrations and PANSS scores, after controlling for weight. RESULTS The analyses showed that the change in serum lipid concentration predicted change in symptoms over that of change in weight. Specifically, an increase in serum triglyceride concentration was associated with a decrease in the total PANSS score (p = 0.037). In addition, an increase in either serum total cholesterol concentration (p = 0.007), serum triglyceride concentration (p = 0.017) or their combined effect (p = 0.010) was associated with a decrease in PANSS negative subscale scores. CONCLUSION Elevation of serum lipids is associated with an improvement in schizophrenia symptoms in subjects treated with clozapine. Although the mechanism is unclear, serum lipids may play a role in influencing clozapine's therapeutic activity.
Incorporating Reviewer and Product Information for Review Rating Prediction

Traditional sentiment analysis mainly considers binary classifications of reviews, but in many real-world sentiment classification problems, non-binary review ratings are more useful. This is especially true when consumers wish to compare two products, both of which are not negative. Previous work has addressed this problem by extracting various features from the review text for learning a predictor. Since the same word may have different sentiment effects when used by different reviewers on different products, we argue that it is necessary to model such reviewer and product dependent effects in order to predict review ratings more accurately. In this paper, we propose a novel learning framework to incorporate reviewer and product information into the text based learner for rating prediction. The reviewer, product and text features are modeled as a three-dimension tensor. Tensor factorization techniques can then be employed to reduce the data sparsity problems. We perform extensive experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, which has a significant improvement compared to state of the art methods, especially for reviews with unpopular products and inactive reviewers.
Self-awareness and emotional intensity

Does self-awareness amplify or dampen the intensity of emotional experience? Early research argued that self-awareness makes emotional states salient, resulting in greater emotional intensity. But these studies induced a standard for emotional intensity, confounding the salience of the emotional state with the self-regulation effects of self-awareness. Three experiments suggest high self-awareness can dampen the intensity of emotional experience in the absence of this confound. In Study 1, participants were led to feel sad in the presence or absence of a mirror; a standard for emotionality was or was not induced. High self-awareness amplified sadness when there was a standard for emotionality; it dampened sadness when there was no standard. Additional experiments using a self-novelty writing task (Study 2) and a mirror (Study 3) showed that self-awareness can also dampen positive affect. A fourth study found that trait private self-consciousness did not affect emotional intensity after controlling for the effects of neuroticism. The intersections of self-focused attention and emotional experience are discussed.
Anaerobic treatment of slaughterhouse waste and wastewater

Within a series of processes, slaughterhouses produce large amounts of different wastes and wastewaters. The problems are complex: many slaughterhouses are located in the centres of the cities, traditional ways to make use of the wastes such as application to agricultural land are not applicable because transport distances have become too long. Direct disposal of highly polluted wastewater and organic residues into the sewerage system without prior treatment on the other hand is mostly not acceptable due to resulting environmental and ecological problems and the risk of clogging in the wastewater piping systems. An estimated 20% to 30% of the slaughtering costs are generated by the costs for water, waste treatment and energy. Here, anaerobic processes can contribute in an interesting way to improve the situation.
The structural-personal interaction: Occupational deprivation and asylum seekers in Australia

ABSTRACT Asylum seekers experience occupational deprivation in the context of restrictive social structures while awaiting refugee visa-status determination. How do social structures of citizenship status and policy shape asylum seekers’ experiences? Asylum seekers’ experiences in Australia are examined using constructivist grounded theory. Field notes from 10 months of weekly participant observation, 11 formal interviews, 34 survey responses and four policy documents are combined to identify a substantive theory - the Structural-Personal Interaction (SPI). The SPI explains how occupational deprivation arises from an interaction between social structures and personal characteristics. Social structures of citizenship status and policy interact with asylum seekers’ personal characteristics, resulting in experiences of “having nothing to do”, a fundamental component of occupational deprivation. From the SPI, new insights regarding occupational deprivation emerge. Occupational deprivation can stem from an interaction between social structures and personal characteristics. While the SPI is a substantive theory and further research across a range of settings would be beneficial for its generalization, occupational deprivation's structural roots and connections to human vulnerabilities and resilience are discernable when considered in light of the SPI. Strategies to address occupational deprivation might target changes to social structures as well as build on individual strengths and human diversity.
Computer-Assisted Design of Sequential Surgical Procedure for Oblique Facial Clefts With Mandibular Outer Cortex Autografts

BackgroundOblique facial clefts are congenital craniofacial malformations affecting the paramedian line of facial structures. Correction of these defects involves bone and soft tissue reconstruction. The authors have developed a computer-aided sequential surgical procedure for oblique facial clefts, including mandibular outer cortex autografting, medial canthal ligament reduction and fixation, and fat autografting. MethodsFrom 2004 to 2013, 12 patients (9 women, 3 men) with oblique facial clefts were treated with the 3-step procedure in our clinic. Mean patient age at the first surgery was 18 years (range, 13–25 years). Preoperative three-dimensional surgical simulations assisted the surgeries. A retrospective review of patients’ clinical, photographic, and radiographic records was performed. ResultsAll patients achieved significant treatment effects and high satisfaction. The patients’ self-assessed scores on a 10-point scale of deformity severity were lower after surgery (P < 0.001) and remained stable after 6 to 12 months (P = 0.069). Good repositioning of the inner canthus was achieved (P < 0.001) with no significant relapse (P = 0.096). The mean (SD) recovery of mandibular donor sites was 48.44% (16.89%) (range, 11.03%–71.33%). Grafted bone absorption was not significantly different at different recipient sites. Only minor complications occurred in 6 patients. ConclusionsThis procedure was an effective treatment for oblique facial clefts, resulting in high satisfaction, remarkable improvements in facial symmetry, little skin scarring, acceptable bone graft resorption, and dramatic recovery of mandibular donor sites. Computer-assisted surgical simulation effectively describes characteristic skeletal deformities and provides a useful guide to surgical reconstruction.
Evaluation of two genera of benthic foraminifera for down-core paleotemperature studies in the western south atlantic

In this study we have compared the oxygen isotopic composition of two genera of benthic foraminifera (Uvigerina and Cibicidoides) from core-top samples with modern oxygen isotopic composition of seawater (d18O). Based on a new relationship between d18O and salinity for the mid-latitude western South Atlantic, we estimated the isotopic composition of equilibrium calcite (d18Oeq) using two different equations: (1) O'Neil et al. (1969), modified by McCorkle et al. (1997) and (2) Kim & O'Neil (1997). When using (1), the small difference between d18Oeq and d18O of Uvigerina suggests that this genus precipitates its shell close to equilibrium with ambient seawater. The d18O Cibicidoides data are 0.82  lower than the predicted (equilibrium) oxygen isotopic composition. Conversely, using (2) the Cibicidoides d18O data show excellent agreement with the oxygen isotopic composition predicted from d18O and water temperature while Uvigerina d18O data are 0.69  higher than predicted oxygen isotope equilibrium values. Based on the evidences presented here and on the results from previous studies we suggest using the genus Cibicidoides and applying Kim & O'Neil's (1997) equation for down-core paleotemperature investigations. In the absence of enough Cibicidoides specimens we suggest using Uvigerina d18O data and applying a correction factor of -0.69 .
The influence of surface adsorption on microbubble dynamics

In a pure liquid, the behaviour of a gas or vapour microbubble is determined primarily by its size, the ambient pressure and the properties of the surrounding liquid. In practice, however, adsorption of a dissolved substance from the surrounding liquid onto the microbubble surface will often take place, producing a thin coating which can significantly affect both the microbubble's stability and its dynamic response. This can have important implications in a wide range of applications, including underwater acoustics, cavitation detection, medical imaging and drug delivery. The aim of this paper is to review the existing theoretical treatments of coated microbubbles and to present and discuss some recent developments. It will be shown that the presence of the coating can substantially modify the amplitude of microbubble volumetric oscillation, resonance characteristics and relative amplitude in tension and compression. Finally, the need for improved understanding of the dynamic behaviour of surface coatings at high frequencies will be discussed.