Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Telesonography in emergency medicine: A systematic review

Ultrasound is an efficacious, versatile and affordable imaging technique in emergencies, but has limited utility without expert interpretation. Telesonography, in which experts may remotely support the use of ultrasound through a telecommunications link, may broaden access to ultrasound and improve patient outcomes, particularly in remote settings. This review assesses the literature regarding telesonography in emergency medicine, focussing on evidence of feasibility, diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. A systematic search was performed for articles published from 1946 to February 2017 using the Cochrane, Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Further searches utilising Scopus, Google Scholar, and citation lists were conducted. 4388 titles were identified and screened against inclusion criteria which resulted in the inclusion of 28 papers. These included feasibility, diagnostic accuracy and clinical pilot studies. Study design, methodology and quality were heterogeneous. There was good evidence of feasibility from multiple studies. Where sufficient bandwidth and high quality components were used, diagnostic accuracy was slightly reduced by image transmission. There was evidence of clinical utility in remote hospitals and low-resource settings, although reliability was infrequently reported. Further exploratory research is required to determine minimum requirements for image quality, bandwidth, frame rate and to assess diagnostic accuracy. Clinical trials in remote settings are justifiable. Telecommunication options will depend on local requirements; no one system conveys universal advantages. The methodological quality of research in this field must improve: studies should be designed to minimise bias, and must include details of their methods to allow replication. Analysis of cost effectiveness and sustainability should be provided.
Roost selection by the brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus

1. One of the key threats to bats in Britain is loss of suitable roost sites, but little is known about roost requirements for most species. 2. Roost selection in the brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus was demonstrated by comparison of buildings used as summer roosts in north-east Scotland with (i) random buildings in the same area, and (ii) a set of adjacent houses located in the same habitat. 3. Buildings containing roosts were situated closer to woodland and water relative to the random houses, and also had a greater area of woodland within a radius of 0.5 km, but not at distances beyond this. This suggests that feeding habitat in the vicinity of the roost is important for roost selection. 4. When compared with adjacent houses, roosts were older, and had roof spaces divided into more compartments, which were more likely to be fully lined with rough wooden planking. 5. The temperatures inside summer roosts (mean 17.9°C) were significantly warmer than those from random and adjacent houses (mean 16.7°C). 6. These results suggest that P. auritus is selective of its roosts, relative to the houses available. 7. The selection of specific types of roosts by P. auritus has implications for the management advice provided when roosts are threatened, and conservation actions should focus on efforts to avert significant change to, or destruction of, roost sites or the woodland in their vicinity.
Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights: How Far Have the Yoruba Women of Nigeria Gone

The four core coordinates of human existenceculture, society, religion and family- have continued in locating women and men in specific social contexts. Using a qualitative data collection approach, the study examines the context of married Yoruba women’s sexual and health rights focusing on their rights to make responsible sexual and reproductive decisions. Findings reveal interplay between gender and sexuality. Beliefs and images about masculinity and femininity result in the men feeling that they must initiate sex, dominate and conquer their wives, without being sensitive to their emotional needs. The logic that follows from this is the fact that men presumably are granted the unconditional sexual access to their wives, while women on the other hand lack sexual autonomy. The study concludes that there is relativity of power between married men and women in sexual intercourse no matter the level of the woman’s socio-economic status instigated by the social conditioning.
Effect of Damper Winding and Stator Slot Skewing Structure on No-Load Voltage Waveform Distortion and Damper Bar Heat in Large Tubular Hydro Generator

We study the influence of the damper bar pitch, the stator slot skewing degree, and the damper bar number per pole on the no-load voltage waveform harmonic distortion factor (HDF) and the damper winding heat of a tubular hydro generator. We implemented 288 different design schemes using a 36-MW fractional-slot tubular hydro generator. The following influence factors were investigated: continuous variation, variation range, variation step, and higher-order harmonics of no-load voltage. Thus, the relation among these structure parameters and the HDF, the losses, and the highest temperature of the damper bars is revealed. In addition, the calculated models and results are validated directly by test data, and measures are proposed for their improvement. The present research not only corrected the errors in the related papers we published before, but also provides guidelines for optimizing the no-load voltage waveform and decreases the damper bar losses and heat, as well as a more comprehensive, accurate, and effective reference for improving tubular hydro generator design and manufacture.
Investigational Testing for Zika Virus among U.S. Blood Donors

Background Because of the potential severe clinical consequences of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, the large numbers of asymptomatic travelers returning from ZIKV‐active areas, the detection of ZIKV nucleic acid in blood, and reports of transmission of ZIKV through transfusion, in 2016 the Food and Drug Administration released recommendations for individual‐unit nucleic acid testing to minimize the risk of transmission of ZIKV through blood transfusions. Methods The American Red Cross implemented investigational screening of donated blood for ZIKV RNA by means of transcription‐mediated amplification (TMA). Confirmatory testing of reactive donations involved repeat TMA, TMA testing in exploratory minipools, real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, IgM serologic testing, and red‐cell TMA. Viral loads in plasma and red cells were estimated by means of end‐point TMA. The costs of interdicting a donation that was confirmed to be positive were calculated for the 15‐month period between June 2016 and September 2017. Results Of the 4,325,889 donations that were screened, 393,713 (9%) were initially tested in 24,611 minipools, and no reactive donations were found. Of the 3,932,176 donations that were subsequently tested individually, 160 were initially reactive and 9 were confirmed positive (a 1:480,654 confirmed‐positive rate overall; positive predictive value, 5.6%; specificity, 99.997%). Six (67%) of the confirmed‐positive donations were reactive on repeat TMA, of which 4 were IgM‐negative; of these 4, all 3 that could be tested were reactive on minipool TMA. Two confirmed‐positive donors had infections that had been transmitted locally (in Florida), 6 had traveled to ZIKV‐active areas, and 1 had received an experimental ZIKV vaccine. ZIKV RNA levels in red cells ranged from 40 to 800,000 copies per milliliter and were detected up to 154 days after donation, as compared with 80 days of detection in plasma at levels of 12 to 20,000 copies per milliliter. On the basis of industry‐reported costs of testing and the yield of the tests in our study, the cost of identifying 8 mosquito‐borne ZIKV infections through individual‐unit nucleic acid testing was $5.3 million per ZIKV RNA–positive donation. Conclusions Screening of U.S. blood donations for ZIKV by individual‐donation TMA was costly and had a low yield. Among the 9 confirmed ZIKV‐positive donations, only 4 were IgM‐negative; of these donations, all 3 that were tested were reactive on minipool TMA. (Funded by the American Red Cross and Grifols Diagnostic Solutions.)
The Color of Crime

justice. The legal evolution from the slave codes to the Black codes to Jim Crow legislation, establish a clear link to the operation of today's criminal justice system. This chapter concludes with a list of six principles that are minimally required for a racially-fair criminal justice system. Perhaps most problematic in the current system, is the question of whether their are adequate checks and balances that mitigate against racial bias in the legal system. "Racial Discr imina tion or Disproport iona te Offending? " (Chapter 3) offers a detailed critique of how mainstream criminologists measure discrimination. The problems of beginning a discrimination analysis with the formal stages of the justice system (e.g., arrest), as well as the problems of generalizing from single and multi-stage discrimination studies are discussed. Racial discrimination is not limited to the formal stages. The phenomenon of "DWB" (Driving While Black) is perhaps the best counterpoint to mainstream analysis. Police stops which do not result in arrest do not trigger the formal stage, therefore, fall outside typical measures of racial discrimination. The perception that many Blacks have, particularly Black men, that they are targeted by the police is not a lightweight matter. The perception and reality of disproportionate minority targeting has everything to do with how minorities view the justice system and its legitimacy. For good or ill, a book which purports to be about race and crime would not be complete without some discussion of the O.J. Simpson criminal trial. In Chapter 4, "Are we Still Talking About O.J.? ," the focus is upon the criminal trial as a Rorschach test rather than an isolated, rare event. Although we were bombarded, ad nauseam, with the criminal trial, very little of the data and analysis were new. Much of media discussion was an outgrowth of the early polls, which showed that there was a deep Black/White racial divide in the case. This chapter is a critique of both the media presentations of all-things O.J., and what the media failed to present about the case. The common portrayal was that Blacks were on one side of the fence, shouting down an equal number of Whites on the other side. Very little of the media images showed that there were more Whites --in actual numbers--who believed in Simpson's innocence, than there were Blacks. There were so many unanswered questions, including, were perceptions about Simpson's guilt partly attributable to one's class status? Too few polls reported data on the intersection of class and race. Further, why were so many Blacks so quick to jump to O.J. Simpson's defense? This chapter attempts to reconcile how Simpson, viewed by himself and others as "colorless," became a symbol of racism in the criminal justice system. How did this
Hepatitis E virus infection: an emerging occupational risk?

BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is endemic in many developing countries, causing substantial morbidity. Transmission is primarily faeco-oral and is associated with both sporadic infections and epidemics in areas where poor sanitation and weak public health infrastructures exist. Recently, it has become clear that HEV is also an endemic disease in industrialized countries. Moreover, a porcine reservoir and growing evidence of zoonotic transmission have been reported in these countries, suggesting the possibility of occupational transmission to man. AIMS To summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology and prevention of transmission of HEV infection in occupational settings. METHODS The following key words were used to explore PubMed: hepatitis E, disease, epidemiology, profession(al), occupation(al). RESULTS After screening of the results, 107 publications were retained. In non-endemic regions, seroprevalence varied from a few per cent (2-7.8%) in Europe, Japan and South America to 18.2-20.6% in the USA, Russia, UK, southern France and Asia. A meta-analysis of 12 cross-sectional studies evaluating HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprevalence in individuals occupationally exposed to swine showed greater odds of seropositivity in the exposed group but also a high degree of heterogeneity. A funnel plot suggested publication bias. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant association between occupational exposure to swine and HEV IgG seroprevalence, but the level of prevalence detected depended also on the type of HEV IgG kits used. Further research, including on mechanisms and risk factors for infection, as well as the development of better serological tests for identification of infection, is required.
Sexual Congruence Moderates the Associations of Hypersexual Behavior with Spiritual Struggle and Sexual Self-Concept

abstract Emerging adulthood is a period of development characterized by the maturation of more complex sexual and religious/spiritual (r/s) identities. In some cases, r/s may enhance positive sexual experiences; however, r/s may also exacerbate problems that result from sexual difficulties. In the current study, a cross-sectional survey was administered to university students (N = 295) to test whether the associations of hypersexual behavior with spiritual struggle and with sexual self-concept would differ based on sexual congruence. We found that the associations of hypersexual behavior with sexual anxiety and with some facets of spiritual struggle were more strongly positive among participants who perceived their sexual values and behaviors as incongruent. Also, the association between hypersexual behavior and sexual esteem was more strongly negative among those who perceived their sexual values and behaviors as incongruent. We discuss implications for future examinations of the intersectionality of sexuality, religiousness, and spirituality.
Effect of dynamic pruning safety on learning to rank effectiveness

A dynamic pruning strategy, such as WAND, enhances retrieval efficiency without degrading effectiveness to a given rank K, known as safe-to-rank-K. However, it is also possible for WAND to obtain more efficient but unsafe retrieval without actually significantly degrading effectiveness. On the other hand, in a modern search engine setting, dynamic pruning strategies can be used to efficiently obtain the set of documents to be re-ranked by the application of a learned model in a learning to rank setting. No work has examined the impact of safeness on the effectiveness of the learned model. In this work, we investigate the impact of WAND safeness through experiments using 150 TREC Web track topics. We find that unsafe WAND is biased towards documents with lower docids, thereby impacting effectiveness.
A Novel “Nihon'’Rat Model of a Mendelian Dominantly Inherited Renal Cell Carcinoma

A novel rat model of hereditary renal cell carcinoma (RC) was found in a rat colony of the Sprague‐Dawley strain in Japan, and named the “Nihon'’rat. In this strain, RCs develop from early preneoplastic lesions, which begin to appear at 4 weeks of age, forming adenomas by the age of 16 weeks. The RCs are predominantly of clear cell type. Southern blot, northern blot and SSCP analyses revealed no change in the Tsc1, Tsc2, VHL, and c‐Met genes. Thus, the Nihon rat should be a valuable experimental model for understanding renal carcinogenesis, especially clear cell type, which is common among human RCs.
Overexpression of Retinoic Acid Receptor β Induces Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in Oral Cancer Cell Lines

Expression of retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta) is reported to be absent or down-regulated in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Recently, we found that the growth-inhibitory effect of 9-cis-retinoic acid (9CRA) on oral squamous cell carcinoma may depend on the expression levels of endogenous RARbeta. In order to clarify the role of RARbeta in growth and differentiation, we transfected RARbeta expression vector into oral squamous carcinoma cell lines, HSC-4 and Ho-1-N-1. Both RARbeta-transfected cell lines displayed growth inhibition. Moreover, RARbeta-transfected clones underwent morphological changes, and RARbeta-transfected HSC-4 clones underwent apoptosis even in the absence of 9CRA treatment. In contrast, RARbeta-transfected Ho-1-N-1 clones exhibited cell cycle arrest without undergoing apoptosis initially; however, apoptosis was induced in these cells after 6 days of 9CRA treatment. RARalpha and RARgamma expression was reduced at both the protein and mRNA levels in RARbeta transfectants, whereas the expression of retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRalpha) was not altered. RARb transfectants exhibited alterations in the levels of cell cycle-associated proteins, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and apoptosis-associated proteins. After 6 days of 9CRA treatment, RARbeta transfectants overexpressed Waf1 / Cip1 / Sdi1 / p21, Kip1 / p27, chk1, p300 / CBP, BAX, Bak, Apaf 1, caspase 3 and caspase 9. Conversely, E2F1, cdc25B and HDAC1 were down-regulated in these transfectants. In addition, histone H4 acetylation was induced in RARb transfectants. These findings suggest that histone acetylation mediated by histone acetyltransferase and p300 / CBP may play a role in the growth arrest and apoptosis induced by RARbeta transfection in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Mechanism of Occupational Stress on Job Burnout of Primary and Middle School Teachers

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of occupational stress on job burnout of primary and middle school teachers.Methods:511 primary and middle school teachers responded the questionnaires.Results:Job burnout was negatively correlated with teaching efficacy、self-conception and social support, and positively correlated with occupational stress and role conflict/ambiguity.The mechanism of occupational stress on job burnout had two paths:one was occupational stress worked on job burnout in virtue of self-concept and role conflict/ambiguity of cognitive system;the other was occupational stress changed teaching efficacy in virtue of the self-conception and role conflict/ambiguity in cognitive system and the mediation of social support system.Conclusion:Occupational stress, job satisfaction, teaching efficacy, self-concept, social support and role conflict/ambiguity are the important factors that impact job burnout.The effects of occupational stress on job burnout can be reduced through adjusting the cognitive system and social support system.
Clinical, virological and epidemiological characterization of an outbreak of Testudinid Herpesvirus 3 in a chelonian captive breeding facility: Lessons learned and first evidence of TeHV3 vertical transmission

Testudinid herpesviruses (TeHVs) have a worldwide distribution among tortoises. However, information such as risk factors promoting the occurrence or the recrudescence of the associated disease and the mid-term sequelae of an outbreak comprising the extent and dynamic of the viral shedding have been only minimally investigated. Critical management information is also lacking or anecdotal. Furthermore, major aspects of the viral pathogenesis including the likelihood of vertical transmission of the virus are virtually unknown. The present study describes the occurrence and the management of an outbreak of Testudinid herpesvirus genotype 3 (TeHV3) in a large, private collection of chelonians. Clinical, pathological, molecular and serological characterization of the outbreak were carried out. Seventy-five percent of the infected tortoises died. Complementation of molecular and serological testing was a critical point for successful management implementations. A case-control study was performed to analyze possible risk factors associated with the infection. Furthermore, a subgroup of six asymptomatic infected tortoises was monitored for two consecutive seasons after the outbreak: all the infected tortoises were determined to be intermittent shedders, except one, which was a persistent shedder. Post-hibernation was associated with the highest number of shedders. Finally, evidence of the most likely vertical transmission of the virus was obtained for the first time.
NADPH‐diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase‐positive elements in the human olfactory bulb

THE distribution and morphology of nitric oxide-synthesizing elements in the human olfactory bulb were studied using NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry. NADPH-diaphorase was detected in all olfactory fibers and groups of superficial short-axon cells, deep short-axon cells, stellate cells and abundant centrifugal fibers. Similar cell types were nitric oxide synthase immunoreactive but olfactory fibers were immunonegative. The distribution patterns of nitric oxide-synthesizing elements showed significant differences from what has been reported in the olfactory bulb of macrosmatic mammals including rodents and insectivores. These differences are likely to correlate with interspecies differences in the processing of olfactory information.
The C ultural Adaptation of Internet Dating: Att itudes towards Online Relationship Formation

This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rightsholder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself.
Efficacy and safety of Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli in treatment of generalized anxiety disorder:A multi-center randomized double-blind controlled trial

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder(GAD). Methods:In this multi-center,randomized double-blind and parallel control trial,448 GAD patients were randomized to receive orally Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli(n=336) or buspirone(n=111) for 4 weeks.The Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy,with the score decreased rate of ≥30% as response.The Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS) and the list of symptom-recording were used to observe the safety.Results:The response rates was 62.3% in Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli group and 66.70% in buspirone group(P0.05). There was no significance difference on HAMA decreased scores in Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli group and buspirone group [(12.7±5.8) vs.(13.2±6.5),P0.05]. The rate of side effects was 23.8% in the Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli group and 30.6% in the buspirone group.There was no significance about response and side effect between the two groups(P﹥0.05). The common side effects related to Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli treatment were dry mouth(8.0%),dizziness(4.5%),nausea(3.6%),constipation(3.3%),and in buspirone hydrochloride treatment were dry mouth(12.6%),constipation(6.3%),nausea(5.4%),dizziness(5.4%). Conclusion:It suggests that Jiuwei Zhenxin Keli is effective and safe in treatment for generalized anxiety disorder.