Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new device to test cutting efficiency of mechanical endodontic instruments

Background The purpose of the present study was to introduce a new device specifically designed to evaluate the cutting efficiency of mechanically driven endodontic instruments. Material/Methods Twenty new Reciproc R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany) files were used to be investigated in the new device developed to test the cutting ability of endodontic instruments. The device consists of a main frame to which a mobile plastic support for the hand-piece is connected and a stainless-steel block containing a Plexiglas block against which the cutting efficiency of the instruments was tested. The length of the block cut in 1 minute was measured in a computerized program with a precision of 0.1mm. The instruments were activated by using a torque-controlled motor (Silver Reciproc; VDW, Munich, Germany) in a reciprocating movement by the “Reciproc ALL” program (Group 1) and in counter-clockwise rotation at 300 rpm (Group 2). Mean and standard deviations of each group were calculated and data were statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test (P<0.05). Results Reciproc in reciprocation (Group 1) mean cut in the Plexiglas block was 8.6 mm (SD=0.6 mm), while Reciproc in rotation mean cut was 8.9 mm (SD=0.7 mm). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups investigated (P>0.05). Conclusions The cutting testing device evaluated in the present study was reliable and easy to use and may be effectively used to test cutting efficiency of both rotary and reciprocating mechanical endodontic instruments.
Evolution of the Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay for Post‐Transplant Alloreactivity as a Potentially Useful Immune Monitoring Tool

Post‐transplant monitoring of cellular immunity has the potential to guide alterations in medical therapy. To this end, our laboratory has developed an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay for detection of peripheral blood alloimmunity. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from normal volunteers and from renal allograft recipients were tested against donor stimulator cells for their ability to respond in ‘one‐way’ cytokine ELISPOT assays. T cell depletion of donor spleen or PBLs eliminated donor cell cytokine secretion while preserving the ability of these cells to present allo‐antigen to responding T cells. Alloreactive IFN‐γ‐producing PBLs derive from the memory T cell pool and are readily detectable in recipients of renal allografts taking immunosuppressant medications. A significant expansion of IFN‐γ‐producing donor‐reactive memory PBLs was detectable at 4–6 months post‐transplant in those who had experienced an acute rejection episode compared with those with a stable post‐transplant course. The data demonstrate the feasibility of repeated post‐transplant monitoring of allograft recipients, and provide the foundation for improving the care of human transplant recipients through rational clinical decision‐making based on measures of immune function.
Prevalence of bla NDM, bla PER, bla VEB, bla IMP, and bla VIM Genes among Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Two Hospitals of Tehran, Iran

Background and Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bla NDM, bla PER, bla VEB, bla IMP, and bla VIM type genes among A. baumannii isolates from hospitalized patients in two hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Patients and Methods. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and Broth microdilution methods. The frequency of MBL (metallo-beta-lactamase) and ESBL (extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase) producers was evaluated by CDDT. The β -lactamases genes were detected by PCR and sequencing methods. Results. The resistance of A. baumannii isolates against tested antibiotics was as follows: 103 (95.4%) to ceftazidime, 108 (100%) to cefotaxime, 105 (95.7%) to cefepime, 99 (91.7%) to imipenem, 99 (91.7%) to meropenem, 87 (80.6%) to amikacin, 105 (97.2%) to piperacillin, 100 (92.6%) to ciprofloxacin, 103 (95.4%) to piperacillin/tazobactam, 44 (40.7%) to gentamicin, 106 (98.1%) to ampicillin/sulbactam, 106 (98.1%) to co-trimoxazole, 87 (80.6%) to tetracycline, and 1 (1.8%) to colistin. Using combined disk diffusion test, 91 (84.2%) and 86 (86.86%) were ESBL and MBL producers, respectively. The prevalence of bla PER-1, bla VEB-1, bla IMP-1, and bla VIM-1 genes was 71 (78.03%), 36 (39.5%), 3 (3.48%), and 15 (17.44%), respectively. Conclusions. The prevalence of ESBLs and MBLs-producing A. baumannii strains detected in this study is a major concern and highlights the need of infection control measures.
Taylorism of the Mind: Entrepreneurship Education from a Perspective of Educational Research

The aim of this article is to explore and discuss entrepreneurship education, and to raise some critical questions inspired by the work of Basil Bernstein. The discussion is based on writings on entrepreneurship education and thereby gives one picture of the intellectual debate on entrepreneurship education. In contrast to traditional education, viewed as transformation of knowledge and skills, entrepreneurship education is said to be about changing attitudes and motives. There is a consensus in the field that students can be successfully endowed with an entrepreneurial culture, when their attitudes are changed in the desired way. The focus on fostering a certain identity in entrepreneurship education might be seen as a part of the ongoing neo-liberal oriented educational restructuring process, which is sweeping through Europe.
Stock Market Risk-Return Inference. An Unconditional, Non-Parametric Approach.

We propose an unconditional non-parametric approach to the simultaneous estimation of volatility and expected return. By means of a detailed analysis of the returns of the Standard & Poors 500 (S&P 500) composite stock index over the last fifty years we show how theoretical results and methodological recommendations from the statistical theory of non-parametric curve inference allow one to consistently estimate expected return and volatility. In this approach we do not postulate an a priori relationship risk-return nor do we specify the evolution of the first two moments through covariates. Our analysis gives statistical evidence that the expected return of the S&P 500 index as well as the market price of risk (the ratio expected return minus risk free interest rate over volatility) vary through time both in size and sign. In particular, the periods of negative (positive) expected return and market price of risk coincide with the bear (bull) markets of the index. A complex relationship between risk and expected return emerges which is far from the common assumption of a positive linear time-invariant relation.
Trauma-Related Symptoms in Neglected Preschoolers and Affective Quality of Mother-Child Communication

This study (a) assessed whether child neglect is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative symptoms in the preschool period and (b) examined the role of quality of mother—child affective communication in the development of trauma-related symptoms among neglected children. Participants were 33 neglected and 72 non-neglected preschoolers (mean age = 60 months). Neglected children were recruited from the Child Protection Agencies. Neglected and non-neglected children victims of other form of abuse were excluded from the study. Trauma symptoms were evaluated through mother and preschool teacher reports. Quality of mother—child affective communication was assessed in a lab visit during an unstructured task. According to teachers, neglected children displayed more PTSD and dissociative symptoms than non-neglected children. Quality of mother—child communication was lower in neglected dyads. Mother—child affective communication predicted teacher-reported child trauma symptomatology, over and above child neglect. Discussion focuses on the traumatic nature of child neglect and the underlying parent—child relational processes.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN HASIL BELAJAR MELALUI PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH (PBM) DENGAN METODE EKSPERIMEN PADA MATERI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN

Abstract . P roblem based learning is a model of a learning model based on a number of issues that require investigation authentic investigations that require real resolution of the real issues. The problems in this study obtained from experimental activities. Teaching and learning process with PBM with experimental methods, giving students the opportunity to experience or do by their own, follow the process, observing an object, situation or process anything from daily life problems are given by the teacher. The purpose of this study to improve problem-solving skills and achievement. Application of problem-based learning model with experimental methods in biology and environmental pollution materials recycling waste in the class X.6 SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Genteng-Banyuwangi. Based on the results of the application of the PBL model with experimental methods increased problem solving skills and student achievement. The number of increasing students that have skilled problem solving skills from cycle I to cycle II as many as 17 students. The average of increasing grade obtained from precycle to cycle I is 25.74, for an increase from cycle I to cycle II is 8.36. The increase of cognitive achievement from cycle I to cycle II are d one by 8 students with percentage 24.2% and the average class reaches 4.22. On psychomotor achievement a total of 33 students has been pass, and the increase of class average is 3.5. Key W ords : problem-based learning model with experimental methods, problem solving skill, achievement.
Retinotopy and Functional Subdivision of Human Areas MT and MST

We performed a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments to divide the human MT+ complex into subregions that may be identified as homologs to a pair of macaque motion-responsive visual areas: the middle temporal area (MT) and the medial superior temporal area (MST). Using stimuli designed to tease apart differences in retinotopic organization and receptive field size, we established a double dissociation between two distinct MT+ subregions in 8 of the 10 hemispheres studied. The first subregion exhibited retinotopic organization but did not respond to peripheral ipsilateral stimulation, indicative of smaller receptive fields. Conversely, the second subregion within MT+ did not demonstrate retinotopic organization but did respond to peripheral stimuli in both the ipsilateral and contralateral visual hemifields, indicative of larger receptive fields. We tentatively identify these subregions as the human homologues of macaque MT and MST, respectively. Putative human MT and MST were typically located on the posterior/ventral and anterior/dorsal banks of a dorsal/posterior limb of the inferior temporal sulcus, similar to their relative positions in the macaque superior temporal sulcus.
Oral versus vaginal misoprostol for induction of labor: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of oral misoprostol (50 microg) administered every 3 hours compared to vaginal misoprostol (50 microg) administered every 6 hours for induction of labor. STUDY DESIGN In this double-blind randomized trial, 126 women received misoprostol (50 microg) either orally every 3 hours or vaginally every 6 hours for induction of labor. Outcomes included time from induction to delivery, oxytocin augmentation, incidence of hyperstimulation and tachysystole, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS Median time to delivery was shorter in those women who were receiving vaginal misoprostol (vaginal 14.3 hours vs oral 23.1 hours; P =.0004) and more women in the oral group required oxytocin augmentation of labor (73% vs 42%) (RR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.29 to 3.06). The incidence of hyperstimulation was similar between the groups, but there was an increased incidence of tachysystole in the vaginal group (26.5% vs 9.7%)(RR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.16 to 6.51). There was no difference between the groups with respect to mode of delivery or neonatal outcome. CONCLUSION Vaginal misoprostol administered every 6 hours is more effective for induction of labor than oral misoprostol administered every 3 hours. The higher rates of tachysystole with use of vaginal misoprostol in the current study warrant further investigation.
Impact of Exposure to Trauma on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Swedish Tourist Tsunami Survivors

The aim was to examine long-term mental health and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in a Swedish tourist population after exposure to the 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami. Data from 4822 returned questionnaires 14 months after the disaster were analyzed. Respondents were categorized into 3 subgroups: (1) danger-to-life exposure group (having been caught or chased by the waves), (2) nondanger-to-life exposure group (exposed to other disaster-related stressors), and (3) low exposure group. Main outcome measures were General Health Questionnaire-12 and Impact of Event Scale-22-Revised. Danger-to-life exposure was an important factor in causing more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms and in affecting mental health. Female gender, single status, and former trauma experiences were associated with greater distress. Other factors related to more severe symptoms were loss of relatives, physical injuries, viewing many dead bodies, experiencing life threat, and showing signs of cognitive confusion. Disaster exposure has a substantial impact on survivors, which stresses the need for long-lasting support.
The Veil of Public Ignorance 1

A theory of cooperative choice under incomplete information is developed in which agents possess private information at the time of contracting. It is assumed that the group of cooperating agents has agreed on a utilitarian “standard of evaluation” (group preference ordering) governing choices under complete information. The task is to extend this standard to choices whose consequences depend on the agents’ private information. It is accomplished by formulating appropriate axioms of Bayesian coherence at the group level. Assuming the existence of a common prior, the first main result generalizes Harsanyi’s (1955) classical characterization of utilitarian preference aggregation to incomplete information. The second main result shows that Bayesian coherence of group preferences is compatible with Interim Pareto Dominance only if a common prior exists. This generalizes and corrects the classical literature on consistent Bayesian preference aggregation under complete information: allowing for incompleteness of information, consistent Bayesian aggregation turns out to be possible even if agents’ beliefs differ, as long as differences in beliefs can be attributed to differences in information.
Wireless communication at 310 GHz using GaAs high-electron-mobility transistors for detection

We report on the first error-free terahertz (THz) wireless communication at 0.310 THz for data rates up to 8.2 Gbps using a 18-GHz-bandwidth GaAs/AlGaAs field-effect transistor as a detector. This result demonstrates that low-cost commercially-available plasma-wave transistors whose cut-off frequency is far below THz frequencies can be employed in THz communication. Wireless communication over 50 cm is presented at 1.4 Gbps using a uni-travelling-carrier photodiode as a source. Transistor integration is detailed, as it is essential to avoid any deleterious signals that would prevent successful communication. We observed an improvement of the bit error rate with increasing input THz power, followed by a degradation at high input power. Such a degradation appears at lower powers if the photodiode bias is smaller. Higher-data-rate communication is demonstrated using a frequency-multiplied source thanksto higher output power. Bit-error-rate measurements at data rates up to 10 Gbps are performed for different input THz powers. As expected, bit error rates degrade as data rate increases. However, degraded communication is observed at some specific data rates. This effect is probably due to deleterious cavity effects and/or impedance mismatches. Using such a system, realtime uncompressed high-definition video signal is successfully and robustly transmitted.
Evaluating the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative on breast-feeding rates: a multi-state analysis

Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) on breast-feeding initiation and duration overall and according to maternal education. Design Quasi-experimental study using data from five states (Alaska, Maine, Nebraska, Ohio, Washington) that participated in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 1999 to 2009. Using differences-in-differences models that included year and hospital fixed effects, we compared rates of breast-feeding initiation and duration (any and exclusive breast-feeding for ≥4 weeks) before and after BFHI accreditation between mothers who gave birth in hospitals that were accredited or became accredited and mothers from matched non-BFHI facilities. We stratified analyses into lower and higher education groups. Setting Thirteen BFHI hospitals and nineteen matched non-BFHI facilities across five states in the USA. Subjects Mothers (n 11 723) who gave birth in BFHI hospitals and mothers (n 13 604) from nineteen matched non-BFHI facilities. Results Although we did not find overall differences in breast-feeding initiation between birth facilities that received BFHI accreditation compared with non-Baby-Friendly facilities (adjusted coefficient = 0·024; 95 % CI −0·00, 0·51), breast-feeding initiation increased by 3·8 percentage points among mothers with lower education who delivered in Baby-Friendly facilities (P = 0·05), but not among mothers with higher education (adjusted coefficient = 0·002; 95 % CI −0·04, 0·05). BFHI accreditation also increased exclusive breast-feeding for ≥4 weeks by 4·5 percentage points (P = 0·02) among mothers with lower education who delivered in BFHI facilities. Conclusions By increasing breast-feeding initiation and duration among mothers with lower education, the BFHI may reduce socio-economic disparities in breast-feeding.
Anticoagulation therapy prevents portal-splenic vein thrombosis after splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization.

AIM To compare the incidence of early portal or splenic vein thrombosis (PSVT) in patients treated with irregular and regular anticoagulantion after splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 301 patients who underwent splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization for portal hypertension due to cirrhosis between April 2004 and July 2010. Patients were categorized into group A with irregular anticoagulation and group B with regular anticoagulation, respectively. Group A (153 patients) received anticoagulant monotherapy for an undesignated time period or with aspirin or warfarin without low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) irregularly. Group B (148 patients) received subcutaneous injection of LMWH routinely within the first 5 d after surgery, followed by oral warfarin and aspirin for one month regularly. The target prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) was 1.25-1.50. Platelet and PT/INR were monitored. Color Doppler imaging was performed to monitor PSVT as well as the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy. RESULTS The patients' data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Among the patients, 94 developed early postoperative mural PSVT, including 63 patients in group A (63/153, 41.17%) and 31 patients in group B (31/148, 20.94%). There were 50 (32.67%) patients in group A and 27 (18.24%) in group B with mural PSVT in the main trunk of portal vein. After the administration of thrombolytic, anticoagulant and anti-aggregation therapy, complete or partial thrombus dissolution achieved in 50 (79.37%) in group A and 26 (83.87%) in group B. CONCLUSION Regular anticoagulation therapy can reduce the incidence of PSVT in patients who undergo splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization, and regular anticoagulant therapy is safer and more effective than irregular anticoagulant therapy. Early and timely thrombolytic therapy is imperative and feasible for the prevention of PSVT.
Hierarchic Bayesian models for kernel learning

The integration of diverse forms of informative data by learning an optimal combination of base kernels in classification or regression problems can provide enhanced performance when compared to that obtained from any single data source. We present a Bayesian hierarchical model which enables kernel learning and present effective variational Bayes estimators for regression and classification. Illustrative experiments demonstrate the utility of the proposed method. Matlab code replicating results reported is available at http://www.dcs. gla.ac. uk/~srogers/kernel_comb. html.
Effects of time selective multipath fading on OFDM systems for broadband mobile applications

The effects of time selective multipath fading are investigated for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in broadband mobile applications. Although in a multipath environment an OFDM system is very robust against frequency selective fading, it is very sensitive to time selective fading characteristics of the mobile channel, causing inter-carrier-interference and degrading system performance. To achieve a signal-to-interference ratio of 20 dB, the OFDM symbol duration must be less than 8% of the channel coherence time.
Open project: a lightweight framework for remote sharing of mobile applications

The form factor of mobile devices remains small while their computing power grows at an accelerated rate. Prior work has explored expanding the output space by leveraging free displays in the environment. However, existing solutions often do not scale. In this paper we discuss Open Project, an end-to-end framework that allows a user to "project" a native mobile application onto a display using a phone camera, leveraging interaction spaces ranging from a PC monitor to a public wall-sized display. Any display becomes projectable instantaneously by simply accessing the lightweight Open Project server via a web browser. By distributing computation load onto each projecting mobile device, our framework easily scales for hosting many projection sessions and devices simultaneously. Our performance experiments and user studies indicated that Open Project supported a variety of useful collaborative, sharing scenarios and performed reliably in diverse settings.