Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initial commented checklist of Iranian mayflies, with new area records and description of Procloeon caspicum sp. n. (Insecta, Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)

Abstract An initial checklist of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of Iran is compiled based on critical review of available literature data, complemented with new data from 38 localities of Gilan and Ardabil provinces. At present, altogether only 46 species and 25 genera are known from Iran, 18 species are reported as new to Iran in this study. Some previously published data are critically evaluated and doubtful taxa are excluded from the list. Basic analysis of the distribution and biogeography of recorded species is given. Procloeon (Pseudocentroptilum) caspicum Sroka, sp. n. is described based on mature larva and egg. Critical differential diagnostic characters distinguishing the species from related taxa are discussed in detail.
Unpacking Medium Effects on Social Psychological Processes in Computer-mediated Communication Using the Social Relations Model

This article introduces the social relations model (SRM) to unpack medium effects on social psychological processes. Although such effects have been theorized at group, dyadic, and individual levels separately, some of them can be concurrently analyzed as medium moderation on SRM components. Drawing on existing theories of computer-mediated communication (CMC), we map SRM components onto social psychological processes susceptible to medium effects: (a) “group mean” and “consensus” onto group social integration, (b) “uniqueness” and “dyadic reciprocity” onto relationship development, and (c) “assimilation” and relations between ingroup and outgroup SRM components onto social identity processes. We also summarize the SRM analytics and scenarios of medium moderation, and illustrate the key analytical procedures for adopting the SRM for CMC research.
The Mesozoic megafossil genus Linguifolium Arber 1917

Abstract The plant megafossil genus Linguifolium Arber 1917 is chiefly known from the Middle and Upper Triassic of Gondwana. The range of Linguifolium extended beyond Gondwana by the Late Triassic, persisting there through the earliest Jurassic (Hettangian). The parent plants probably grew in a well-watered, canopied environment. Diagnoses of the genus and four of its species - Linguifolium tenison-woodsii (Shirley 1898) Retallack 1980, L. waitakiense Bell in Bell et al. 1956, L. parvum Holmes & Anderson in Holmes et al. 2010, and L. steinmannii (Solms-Laubach 1899) Arber 1917 - are emended with particular reference to venation and leaf morphology; consequently, the stratigraphic ranges of the species have been more precisely defined. Coalescent venation has previously been reported in some species of Linguifolium and is identified in new material described herein. Although the vast majority of specimens assigned to the genus are from the Upper Triassic, none shows coalescent venation. This character is entirely restricted to the Middle Triassic, in particular to two species: L. waitakiense and L. parvum. Linguifolium tenison-woodsii is restricted to the Carnian-lowermost Norian of Australia and South Africa and is recorded here for the first time from the Tarong Basin (upper Carnian), Queensland. Confusion regarding assignment of specimens to this species from the Middle Jurassic of Queensland is resolved.
Affective and Cognitive Validation of Thoughts: An Appraisal Perspective on Anger, Disgust, Surprise, and Awe

Anger, disgust, surprise, and awe are multifaceted emotions. Both anger and disgust are associated with feeling unpleasant as well as experiencing a sense of confidence, whereas surprise and awe tend to be more pleasant emotions that are associated with doubt. Most prior work has examined how appraisals (confidence, pleasantness) lead people to experience different emotions or to experience different levels of intensity within the same emotion. Instead, the current research focused on the consequences (rather the antecedents) of appraisals of emotion, and it focuses specifically on the consequences for thought usage rather than the consequences for generating many or few thoughts. We show that when these four emotions are induced following thought generation, thoughts can be used either more or less with each emotion depending on whether the pleasantness/unpleasantness or confidence/doubt appraisal is made salient. In five experiments, it was predicted and found that anger and disgust following thought generation led to more thought use than surprise and awe when a confidence appraisal for the emotion was encouraged, but led to less thought use than surprise and awe when a pleasantness appraisal was made salient. The current studies are the first to reveal that different appraisals can lead to different (even opposite) outcomes on thought usage within the same experimental design.
Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation reduces blood pressure but not renal vasoconstrictor response to orthostatic stress in healthy older adults

Older adults exhibit augmented renal vasoconstriction during orthostatic stress compared to young adults. Consumption of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) found in fish oil (FO), modulates autonomic nerve activity. However, the effect of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption on the renal vasoconstrictor response to orthostatic stress in young and older adults is unknown. Therefore, 10 young (25 ± 1 years; mean ± SEM) and 10 older (66 ± 2 years) healthy adults ingested 4 g FO daily for 12 weeks, and underwent graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP; −15 and −30 mmHg) pre‐ and post‐FO supplementation. Renal blood flow velocity (RBFV; Doppler ultrasound), arterial blood pressure (BP; photoplethysmographic finger cuff), and heart rate (electrocardiogram) were recorded. Renal vascular resistance (RVR), an index of renal vasoconstriction, was calculated as mean BP/RBFV. All baseline cardiovascular values were similar between groups and visits, except diastolic BP was higher in the older group (P < 0.05). FO supplementation increased erythrocyte EPA and DHA content in both groups (P < 0.05). FO did not affect RVR or RBFV responses to LBNP in either group, but attenuated the mean BP response to LBNP in the older group (older −30 mmHg: pre‐FO −4 ± 1 vs. post‐FO 0 ± 1 mmHg, P < 0.05; young −30 mmHg: pre‐FO −5 ± 1 vs. post‐FO −5 ± 2 mmHg). In conclusion, FO supplementation attenuates the mean BP response but does not affect the renal vasoconstrictor response to orthostatic stress in older adults.
In-Sample and Out-of-Sample Prediction of Stock Market Bubbles: Cross-Sectional Evidence

We evaluate the informational content of ex post and ex ante predictors of periods of excess stock (market) valuation. For a cross section comprising 10 OECD economies and a time span of at most 40 years alternative binary chronologies of price bubble periods are determined. Using these chronologies as dependent processes and a set of macroeconomic and financial variables as explanatory variables, logit regressions are carried out. With model estimates at hand, both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts are made. Overall, the degree of ex ante predictability is limited if an analyst targets the detection of particular turning points of market valuation. The set of 13 potential predictors is classified in measures of macroeconomic or monetary performance, stock market characteristics, and descriptors of capital valuation. The latter turn out to have strongest in-sample and out-of-sample explanatory content for the emergence of price bubbles. In particular, the price to book ratio is fruitful to improve the ex-ante signalling of stock price bubbles.
Reliable IoT Storage: Minimizing Bandwidth Use in Storage Without Newcomer Nodes

This letter characterizes the optimal policies for bandwidth use and storage for the problem of distributed storage in the Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, where lost nodes cannot be replaced by new nodes as is typically assumed in data center and cloud scenarios. We develop an information flow model that captures the overall process of data transmission between IoT devices, from the initial preparation stage (generating redundancy from the original data) to the different repair stages with fewer and fewer devices. Our numerical results show that in a system with 10 nodes, the proposed optimal scheme can save as much as 10.3% of bandwidth use, and as much as 44% storage use with respect to the closest suboptimal approach.
Real-Time continuous gait phase and speed estimation from a single sensor

Human gait involves a repetitive cycle of movements, and the phase of gait represents the location in this cycle. Gait phase is measured across many areas of study (e.g., for analyzing gait and controlling powered lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic devices). Current gait phase detection methods measure discrete gait events (e.g., heel strike, flat foot, toe off, etc.) by placing multiple sensors on the subject's lower-limbs. Using multiple sensors can create difficulty in experimental setup and real-time data processing. In addition, detecting only discrete events during the gait cycle limits the amount of information available during locomotion. In this paper we propose a real-time and continuous measurement of gait phase parameterized by a mechanical variable (i.e., phase variable) from a single sensor measuring the human thigh motion. Human subject experiments demonstrate the ability of the phase variable to accurately parameterize gait progression for different walking/running speeds (1 to 9 miles/hour). Our results show that this real-time method can also estimate gait speed from the same sensor.
Moral Distress and Turnover Intention among Critical Care Nurses in Saudi Arabia

The study aimed is to identify the relationship between moral distress and turnover intention among critical care nurses. A convenient sample of 200 critical care nurses was surveyed by Revised Moral Distress Scale and Turnover Intention Scale as a descriptive correlational cross-sectional study at teaching university hospital located in Riyadh the capital of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The result revealed that, critical care nurses reported a moderate level of moral distress. No significant association was indicated between moral distress intensity and frequency and nurses' turnover intention except a significant association between age (r =0 .17, P< 0.05), years of nursing experience (r = 0.19, P< 0.05), years of critical care experience (r = 0.18, P< 0.05) and turnover intention. There is a pressing need for conceptual work to generate a more vigorous understanding of moral distress in nursing practice and the relationship between moral distress and decision to leave position or nursing and the impact on patient care.
Sulfonylureas and their use in clinical practice

Many anti-diabetic drugs with different mechanisms of action are now available for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sulfonylureas have been extensively used for treatment of type 2 diabetes for nearly 50 years and, even in our times, are widely used for treatment of this devastating chronic illness. Here, we review some of the available data on sulfonylureas, evaluating their mechanism of action and their effects on glycemic control. We can conclude that sulfonylureas are still the most used anti-diabetic agents: maybe this is due to their lower cost, to the possibility of mono-dosing and to the presence of an association with metformin in the same tablet. However, sulfonylureas, especially the older ones, are linked to a greater prevalence of hypoglycemia, and cardiovascular risk; newer prolonged-release preparations of sulfonylureas are undoubtedly safer, mainly due to reducing hypoglycemia, and for this reason should be preferred.
LVMB manifolds and simplicial spheres

LVM and LVMB manifolds are a large family of examples of non kahler manifolds. For instance, Hopf manifolds and Calabi-Eckmann manifolds can be seen as LVMB manifolds. The LVM manifolds have a very natural action of the real torus and the quotient of this action is a simple polytope. This quotient allows us to relate closely LVM manifolds to the moment-angle manifolds studied (for example) by Buchstaber and Panov. The aim of this paper is to generalize the polytopes associated to LVM manifolds to the LVMB case and study its properties. In particular, we show that it belongs to a very large class of simplicial spheres. Moreover, we show that for every sphere belonging to this class, we can construct a LMVB manifold whose associated sphere is the given sphere. We use this latter result to show that many moment-angle complexes can be endowed with a complex structure (up to product with circles).
Twelve-month clinical outcomes of 206 patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis

There is a paucity of evidence surrounding the optimal antifungal therapy for use in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) and the duration of therapy remains unclear. We retrospectively evaluated treatment outcomes, including change in quality of life scores (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (QoL)), weight and Aspergillus IgG at 6 and 12 months following initiation of therapy in a cohort of 206 CPA patients referred to the UK National Aspergillosis Centre (NAC), Manchester between April 2013 and March 2015. One hundred and forty-two patients (69%) were azole naïve at presentation and 105 (74%) (Group A) were commenced on itraconazole, 27 (19%) on voriconazole, and 10 (7%) were not treated medically. The remainder (64 patients, 31%) had previously trialled, or remained on, azole therapy at inclusion (Group B) of whom 46 (72%) received itraconazole, 16 (25%) voriconazole, and 2 (3%) posaconazole. Initial therapy was continued for 12 months in 78 patients (48%) of those treated; the azole was changed in 62 (32%) patients and discontinued in 56 (29%) patients for adverse reactions (32, 57%), azole resistance (11, 20%), clinical failure (8, 14%) or clinical stability (5, 9%). Azole discontinuation rates were higher in Group B than in Group A (42% vs. 22%, p = 0.003). For all patients who survived, weight increased (median of 62.2Kg at baseline, to 64.8 at 12 months), mean Aspergillus IgG declined from 260 (baseline) to 154 (12 months) and QoL improved from 62.2/100 (baseline) to 57.2/100 (12 months). At 12 months, there was no difference in median survival between Groups A and B (95% vs. 91%, p = 0.173). The rate of emergence of resistance during therapy was 13% for itraconazole compared to 5% for voriconazole. Bronchial artery embolization was done in 9 (4.4%) patients and lobectomy in 7 (3.2%). The optimal duration of azole therapy in CPA is undetermined due to the absence of evidenced based endpoints allowing clinical trials to be undertaken. However we have demonstrated itraconazole and voriconazole are modestly effective for CPA, especially if given for 12 months, but fewer than 50% of patients manage this duration. This suggests extended therapy may be required for demonstrable clinical improvement.
Brain Grey Matter Changes in Young Patients with Mild Type of Essential Arms Tremor: a Voxel-based Morphometry MRI study

study Hongmei Cao, Rong Wang, Xue Luo, Zhe Zhang, Xianjun Li, Ed X Wu, Qiumin Qu, and Jian Yang Neurology department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Radiology department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology,Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, China, Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
CO2-induced global warming: a skeptic\'s view of potential climate change

Over the course of the past 2 decades, I have analyzed a number of natural phenomena that reveal how Earth's near-surface air temperature responds to surface radiative perturbations. These studies all suggest that a 300 to 600 ppm doubling of the atmosphere's CO2 concentration could raise the planet's mean surface air temperature by only about 0.4°C. Even this modicum of warming may never be realized, however, for it could be negated by a number of planetary cooling forces that are intensified by warmer temperatures and by the strengthening of biological processes that are enhanced by the same rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration that drives the warming. Several of these cooling forces have individually been estimated to be of equivalent magnitude, but of opposite sign, to the typically predicted greenhouse effect of a doubling of the air's CO2 content, which suggests to me that little net temperature change will ultimately result from the ongoing buildup of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere. Consequently, I am skeptical of the predictions of significant CO2-induced global warm- ing that are being made by state-of-the-art climate models and believe that much more work on a wide variety of research fronts will be required to properly resolve the issue.
BIOAVAILABILITY OF VALPROATE SUPPOSITORIES FORMULATED FOR PAEDIATRIC USE

Considering that the rectal route might eliminate the time-dependent changes of valproic acid kinetics and starting from the need to develop suppositories for paediatric use, in our previous studies three types of valproate suppositories were selected for further in vivo investigation. In this paper, the experimental pharmacokinetic study conducted on rabbits is presented, in order to evaluate the relevant in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters. The parameters obtained after a single rectal dose over a period of 8 h, were analysed in each case by the non-compartmental pharmacokinetic model. The similarity of the three release profiles previously found in vitro has not fully confirmed the in vivo parameters, which shows that the in vivo pharmacokinetic test still remains necessary in case of studies on the development of suppositories formulation.
Spironolactone is superior to hydrochlorothiazide for blood pressure control and arterial stiffness improvement

Abstract The present study is to investigate whether spironolactone is better than hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for blood pressure (BP) control and arterial stiffness improvement. Five-hundred-sixty-six uncontrolled hypertensive patients with 2 different classes of antihypertensive medications treatment were enrolled. Spironolactone or HCTZ was randomly prescribed for 4 weeks. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) was measured at baseline and after 4 weeks’ of spironolactone or HCTZ treatment. Between-group differences were evaluated, and logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of cf-PWV increase and incident resistant hypertension. No significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed between spironolactone and HCTZ groups. After 4 weeks’ treatment, both systolic BP and cf-PWV were reduced more profoundly in spironolactone group versus HCTZ group (P < .05). Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis showed that age, diabetes mellitus, and HCTZ were positively correlated with cf-PWV, while spironolactone was negatively with cf-PWV. Logistic regression analysis indicated that per 1-standard deviation increase in cf-PWV was associated with 92% higher incidence of resistant hypertension. After adjusted for spironolactone, no significant association between cf-PWV increase and incident resistant hypertension was observed, indicating that the adverse effect of arterial stiffness on resistant hypertension development might be reversed by spironolactone treatment. In summary, uncontrolled hypertensive patients with spironolactone treatment appear to have better BP control and arterial stiffness improvement.
Shear and thermal effects in boundary film formation during sliding

A prerequisite for understanding mechano- and tribochemical reaction pathways is that the interface be in thermodynamic equilibrium and that the temperature be well defined. It is suggested that this occurs in two regimes: when the surfaces are only slightly perturbed during sliding, leading to negligible frictional heating, and when the surface temperatures are very high (∼1000 K), in the so-called extreme pressure regime. The tribochemistry occurring in each regime is discussed in terms of the elementary steps leading to tribofilm formation, namely (i) a reaction of the additive or gas-phase lubricant on the surface to form an adsorbed precursor, (ii) decomposition of the molecular precursor, (iii) a process that causes the formation of a tribofilm that (iv) regenerates a clean surface that allows this tribochemical cycle to continue to form a thicker film. These steps are thermally driven in the extreme-pressure regime, while under milder conditions, they are induced by interfacial shear. In intermediate situations, the processes are likely to be a combination of those occurring at the extrema.
The Journal of Systems and Software

Software product lines enable generating related software products from reusable assets. Adopting a product line strategy can bring signiﬁcant quality and productivity improvements. However, evolving a product line can be risky, since it might impact many products. When introducing new features or improving its design, it is important to make sure that the behavior of existing products is not affected. To ensure that, one usually has to analyze different types of artifacts, an activity that can lead to errors. To address this issue, in this work we discover and analyze concrete evolution scenarios from ﬁve different product lines. We discover a total of 13 safe evolution templates, which are generic transformations that developers can apply when evolving compositional and annotative product lines, with the goal of preserving the behavior of existing products. We also evaluate the templates by analyzing the evolution history of these product lines. In this evaluation, we observe that the templates can address the modiﬁcations that developers performed in the analyzed scenarios, which corroborates the expressiveness of our template set. We also observe that the templates could also have helped to avoid the errors that we identiﬁed during our analysis.