Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Senataxin protects the genome

Ataxia oculomotor apraxia type 2 (AOA2) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar atrophy, peripheral neuropathy, loss of Purkinje cells and elevated α-fetoprotein. AOA2 is caused by mutations in the SETX gene that codes for the high molecular weight protein senataxin. Mutations in this gene also cause dominant neurodegenerative disorders. Similar to that observed for other autosomal recessive ataxias, this protein protects the integrity of the genome against oxidative and other forms of DNA damage to reduce the risk of neurodegeneration. Senataxin functions in transcription termination and RNA splicing and it has been shown to resolve RNA/DNA hybrids (R-loops) that arise at transcription pause sites or when transcription is blocked. Recent data suggest that this protein functions at the interface between transcription and DNA replication to minimise the risk of collision and maintain genome stability. Our recent data using SETX gene-disrupted mice revealed that male mice were defective in spermatogenesis and were infertile. DNA double strand-breaks persisted throughout meiosis and crossing-over failed in SETX mutant mice. These changes can be explained by the accumulation of R-loops, which interfere with Holiday junctions and crossing-over. We also showed that senataxin was localized to the XY body in pachytene cells and was involved in transcriptional silencing of these chromosomes. While the defect in meiotic recombination was striking in these animals, there was no evidence of neurodegeneration as observed in AOA2 patients. We discuss here potentially different roles for senataxin in proliferating and post-mitotic cells.
Expression of the Type VI Secretion System 1 Component Hcp1 Is Indirectly Repressed by OpaR in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is bacterial protein injection machinery with roles in virulence, symbiosis, interbacterial interaction, antipathogenesis, and environmental stress responses. There are two T6SS loci, T6SS1 and T6SS2, in the two chromosomes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, respectively. This work disclosed that the master quorum sensing (QS) regulator OpaR repressed the transcription of hcp1 encoding the structural component Hcp1 of T6SS1 in V. parahaemolyticus, indicating that QS had a negative regulatory action on T6SS1. A single σ 54-dependent promoter was transcribed for hcp1 in V. parahaemolyticus, and its activity was repressed by the OpaR regulator. Since the OpaR protein could not bind to the upstream region of hcp1, OpaR would repress the transcription of hcp1 in an indirect manner.
The prognostic value of domain-specific cognitive abilities in acute first-ever stroke

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of domain-specific cognitive abilities in acute stroke with respect to long-term cognitive and functional outcome in addition to neurologic and demographic predictors. Methods: The authors evaluated 168 patients within the first 3 weeks after first-ever stroke. The prevalence of neuropsychological impairment was calculated vs 75 matched healthy controls. The authors also recorded demographic data, vascular risk factors, lesion characteristics, and clinical factors at admission. Independent predictor variables associated with long-term cognitive impairment (assessed with a follow-up neuropsychological examination) and functional impairment (assessed with the modified Barthel Index and the Frenchay Activities Index) were identified with stepwise multiple logistic regression. Areas under receiver operator characteristic curves were used to compare the predictive value of three models, i.e., a standard medical model, a purely cognitive model, and a model consisting of both medical and cognitive predictors. Results: Thirty-one percent of patients showed long-term cognitive impairment. Basic and instrumental ADL disturbances remained present in 19% and 24% of patients. Domain-specific cognitive functioning predicted cognitive and functional outcome better than any other variable. Moreover, the prediction of instrumental ADL functioning improved when cognitive predictors were added to the standard medical model (p < 0.05). Impairments in abstract reasoning and executive functioning were independent predictors of long-term cognitive impairment. Inattention and perceptual disorders were more important in predicting long-term functional impairment. Conclusion: Domain-specific cognitive abilities in the early phase of stroke are excellent independent predictors of long-term cognitive and functional outcome.
An improved Energy-Efficient PEGASIS-Based protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

EEPB (Energy-Efficient PEGASIS-Based protocol) is a chain-based protocol which has certain deficiencies including the uncertainty of threshold adopted when building a chain, the inevitability of long link (LL) when valuing threshold inappropriately and the non-optimal election of leader node. Aiming at these problems, an improved energy-efficient PEGASIS-based protocol (IEEPB) is proposed in this paper. IEEPB adopts new method to build chain, and uses weighting method when selecting the leader node, that is assigning each node a weight so as to represent its appropriate level of being a leader which considers residual energy of nodes and distance between a node and base station (BS) as key parameters. The simulation results show that IEEPB has a better performance than EEPB on balancing energy consumption and prolonging lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN).
A work systems analysis approach to understanding fatigue in hospital nurses

Abstract Occupational fatigue is an important challenge in improving health and safety in health care systems. A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from a survey sample comprised 340 hospital nurses was conducted to explore the relationships between components of the nursing work system (person, tasks, tools and technology, environment, organisation) and nurse fatigue and recovery levels. All components of the work system were significantly associated with changes in fatigue and recovery. Results of a tree-based classification method indicated significant interactions between multiple work system components and fatigue and recovery. For example, the relationship between a task variable of ‘excessive work’ and acute fatigue varied based on an organisation variable related to ‘time to communicate with managers/supervisors’. A work systems analysis contributes to increased understanding of fatigue, allowing for a more accurate representation of the complexity in health care systems to guide future research and practice to achieve increased nurse health and safety. Practitioner Summary: This paper explored the relationships between nursing work system components and nurse fatigue. Findings revealed significant interactions between work system components and nurses’ fatigue and recovery. A systems approach allows for a more accurate representation of complexity in work systems and can guide interventions to improve nurse health and safety.
Intratemporal facial nerve hemangiomas

Facial nerve hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that arise within the temporal bone and have a histologic appearance similar to both cavernous hemangiomas and vascular malformations. In contrast to facial nerve schwannomas, these are extraneural tumors that cause symptoms by compression and tend to produce deficits when very small in size. We report our experience at the House Ear Clinic with 34 patients having these nonglomus intratemporal vascular tumors. Hemangiomas arising in the internal auditory canal tend to produce a progressive sensorineural hearing loss and are demonstrated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas those at the geniculate ganglion are usually first seen with facial nerve symptoms and may require high-resolution computerized tomography (CT) for detection. Facial electromyography is helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Because of their extraneural nature, early diagnosis can permit removal of the tumor with preservation of facial nerves in some patients.
Computation of Oceanlike Surface Thermal Emission and Bistatic Scattering With the Reduced Local Curvature Approximation

The reduced local curvature approximation of third order (RLCA3) is a recently proposed model for rough surface scattering that matches the Kirchhoff approximation as well as the first-order and second-order small perturbation methods in appropriate limits. Predictions of bistatic scattering, thermal emission, and reflected atmospheric brightnesses from the RLCA3 model are presented in this paper through a Monte Carlo simulation process. The surfaces considered are realizations of an oceanlike spectrum and contain features ranging from 64 to 0.5 electromagnetic wavelengths. Results are compared with predictions from the commonly applied ldquotwo-scalerdquo theory of sea emission, as well as results from a previous similar study using the small slope approximation (SSA) of Voronovich. Results show a high level of agreement between RLCA3 and SSA predicted bistatic scattering patterns, but appreciable differences in predicted surface brightnesses, particularly in the third Stokes' parameter.
Syntagmatic Behaviors of Verbs in Medical Texts: Expert Communication vs. Forums of Patients

In this paper, we propose an automatic contrastive analysis of the behavior of verbs, with regard to the semantic features of their arguments (subject, direct object, indirect object), within and across medical subcorpora. We compare four medical subcorpora with texts whose authors and intended readership have different levels of expertise. The semantic annotation of the subcorpora is based on semantic information provided by a medical terminology. Our results indicate that the proposed procedures and tools could be used for the automatic detection of different ways of expressing medical concepts and conceptual relations, according to the types of texts.
Optimization of Cementitious Material Content for Sustainable Concrete Mixtures

AbstractUtilization of fly ash in concrete reduces the use of virgin materials and offers benefits of reduced landfill materials and CO2 emissions avoidance—fly ash therefore contributes to industrial sustainability. This paper presents a method to optimize the cement and fly ash contents in concrete on the basis of the hardened concrete properties testing and environmental effects. Such fly ash concrete would develop an adequate 1-day and 28-day compressive strength and would be as durable as the ordinary portland cement concrete. Nine concrete mixtures with fly ash contents ranging from 15–60% and cementitious material contents from 338–391 kg/m3 (570-705 lbs/cu yd) were investigated. Environmental life cycle assessments (LCA) were completed by using a model developed for Denver, Colorado. The optimized fly ash concrete was selected to yield a similar 28-day compressive strength and durability to that of Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) Class D structural concrete. The durability aspects i.
Magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability for Pulsar Wind Nebulae in expanding Supernova Remnants

We present a numerical investigation of the development of Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the interface between an expanding Pulsar Wind Nebula and its surrounding Supernova Remnant. These systems have long been thought to be naturally subject to this kind of instability, given their expansion behavior and the density jump at the contact discontinuity. High resolution images of the Crab Nebula at optical frequencies show the presence of a complex network of line-emitting filaments protruding inside the synchrotron nebula. These structures are interpreted as the observational evidence that Rayleigh-Taylor instability is in fact at work. The development of this instability in the regime appropriate to describe Supernova Remnant-Pulsar Wind Nebula systems is non-trivial. The conditions at the interface are likely close to the stability threshold, and the inclusion of the nebular magnetic field, which might play an important role in stabilizing the system, is essential to the modeling. If Rayleigh-Taylor features can grow efficiently a mixing layer in the outer portion of the nebula might form where most of the supernova material is confined. When a magnetic field close to equipartition is included we find that the interface is stable, and that even a weaker magnetic field affects substantially the growth and shape of the fingers.
Progressive language impairments: Definitions, diagnoses, and prognoses

Background: Speech pathologists have much to contribute to diagnosis of, intervention in, and education about the clinical syndromes that present with selective and progressive impairments in spoken or receptive language processing, reading, writing, and semantic knowledge. However, there is no single agreed classification system for these disorders, with the result that different research and clinical groups may use the same terms with subtly or substantially different meanings, or use different terms for similar phenomena. Understanding of the neuropathology and prognosis of these disorders is increasing rapidly. Aims: This paper reviews (i) the major approaches to classifying the clinical presentations of these disorders, (ii) progress in relating the clinical syndromes to neuropathology, and (iii) currently available information about prognoses. Main Contribution: Two main classification approaches based on clinical syndromes have emerged for these disorders. The first uses the label primary progressive aphasia to describe gradual and selective deterioration in word finding, object naming, or word comprehension without identifying subtypes, following criteria published by Mesulam and colleagues during and subsequent to 2001. The second approach, initially associated with the Lund consensus meetings in the 1990s, identifies the clinical syndromes of nonfluent progressive aphasia (with and without apraxia of speech) and semantic dementia as subtypes of frontotemporal dementia. There are two main neuropathologies responsible for progressive language impairments: a spectrum of diseases classed under the term frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and Alzheimer's disease. Semantic dementia is most often associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with motor neuron disease‐type inclusions. Apraxia of speech in neurodegenerative disease is most often associated with the tau‐positive subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Alzheimer‐type neuropathology has been found in both semantic dementia and non‐fluent progressive aphasia. Information about survival and autonomy in these disorders, and about incidence of behaviour and personality change and motor impairment, is just beginning to emerge. Conclusions: The range of classification systems in use emphasise the importance of specifying the criteria used to reach a particular diagnosis, and the clinical symptoms on which the diagnosis is based. As pharmacological or other treatments become available to target the neuropathological mechanisms in these diseases, a primary diagnostic goal will be to identify the likely neuropathology in order to match clients to appropriate therapies at the earliest opportunity. Thank you to Lyndsey Nickels and two anonymous reviewers for helpful feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript.
An Adaptive Robust Predictive Current Control for Three-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters

This paper presents an adaptive robust predictive current control (RPCC) for grid-connected three-phase inverters that exhibit zero steady-state current error. The error correction is achieved by means of an adaptive strategy that works in parallel with the deadbeat algorithm, therefore preserving the typical fast response of the predictive law. The resulting control adapts to any particular L or LCL filter by estimation of the resistive part of the filter. As a variety of the RPCC class of control, it offers the best tradeoff between robustness and speed.
Original Research: Effect of sprint and strength training on glucoregulatory hormones: Effect of advanced age

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of high-intensity sprint and strength training (HISST) on glucoregulatory hormones in young (20 years) and middle-aged (40 years) men. Thirty-six moderately trained men participated as volunteers in this study. After medical examination, eligible subjects were randomly assigned to one of four groups according to their age: a young training group (21.3 ± 1.3 yrs, YT, n = 9), a young control group (21.4 ± 1.7 yrs, YC, n = 9), a middle-aged training group (40.7 ± 1.8 yrs, AT, n = 9), and a middle-aged control group (40.5 ± 1.8 yrs, AC, n = 9). YT and AT participated in HISST for 13 weeks. Before and after HISST, all participants performed the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). Blood samples were collected at rest, after warm-up (50% VO2max), immediately post-WAnT, and 10 min post-WAnT. Before HISST, we observed significantly higher (P < 0.05) glucose concentrations in AT (5.86 ± 0.32 mmol.L−1) compared to YT (4.24 ± 0.79 mmol.L−1) at rest, and in response to WAnT (6.56 ± 0.63 mmol.L−1 vs. 5.33 ± 0.81 mmol.L−1). Cortisol levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in AT than in YT in response to WAnT (468 ± 99.50 ng.mL−1 vs. 382 ± 64.34 ng.mL−1). Catecholamine levels measured at rest and in response to WAnT rose in a similar fashion. After HISST, this “age effect” disappeared at rest and in response to exercise in the trained groups (YT and AT). Changes in hormone concentrations with intense training are due to adaptive changes in various tissues, especially in the skeletal muscle and liver in trained subjects. HISST may, at least in part, counteract the negative “age effect” on glucose metabolism.
Dengue Antibody Prevalence in German Travelers

We studied 2,259 German citizens after they returned from dengue-endemic countries from 1996 to 2004. Serotype-specific dengue antibodies indicated acute infections in 51 (4.7%) travelers with recent fever and 13 (1.1%) travelers with no recent fever, depending largely on destination and epidemic activity in the countries visited.
A Convolutional Attention Network for Extreme Summarization of Source Code

Attention mechanisms in neural networks have proved useful for problems in which the input and output do not have fixed dimension. Often there exist features that are locally translation invariant and would be valuable for directing the model's attention, but previous attentional architectures are not constructed to learn such features specifically. We introduce an attentional neural network that employs convolution on the input tokens to detect local time-invariant and long-range topical attention features in a context-dependent way. We apply this architecture to the problem of extreme summarization of source code snippets into short, descriptive function name-like summaries. Using those features, the model sequentially generates a summary by marginalizing over two attention mechanisms: one that predicts the next summary token based on the attention weights of the input tokens and another that is able to copy a code token as-is directly into the summary. We demonstrate our convolutional attention neural network's performance on 10 popular Java projects showing that it achieves better performance compared to previous attentional mechanisms.
Gallbladder disease in type-2 Diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a modern epidemic which leads to various complications over a period of time. Autonomic neuropathy is one such complication which may lead on to gallbladder dysmotility and gallbladder stones. Objectives: To determine the incidence of gallbladder disorders in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find out the incidence of autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate it with presence of gall bladder disorders. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in 50 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 25 healthy age and sex matched normal individuals were taken as controls. The cases as well as the controls underwent ultrasonographic examination for gall bladder volume, wall thickness, intraluminal mass and contraction in response to fatty meal. Data thus collected was compared and analysed statistically by using students ‘t’ test and chisquare test. Results: Mean postprandial gallbladder volume was 20.56±8.87 cm in diabetics with ANP with gallstones, 26.16±1.24 cm in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility 13.0±6.26 cm in diabetics with gallstones without ANP, 12.14±4.88 cm in normal diabetics and 13.60±5.95 cm in controls. The percentage contraction post fatty meal was calculated from these values and found to be 24.73±14.64% in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility, 26.38±17 . 04% in diabetics with ANP with dysmotility, 43.48±8.45% in diabetics with gallstones without ANP, 56.84±9.02% in normal diabetics and 57 . 64±9.92% in controls. Conclusion: Incidence of gallbladder disease is much higher in type 2 diabetics (40%) as compared to normal healthy adults (4%). It was concluded that diabetics with ANP had significantly impaired gallbladder emptying. Poor control of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and diabetic autonomic neuropathy are important risk factors for the development of gallbladder disease.
Detection of Volatile Indicators of Illicit Substances by the Olfactory Receptors of Drosophila melanogaster

Insects can detect a large range of odors with a numerically simple olfactory system that delivers high sensitivity and accurate discrimination. Therefore, insect olfactory receptors hold great promise as biosensors for detection of volatile organic chemicals in a range of applications. The array of olfactory receptor neurons of Drosophila melanogaster is rapidly becoming the best-characterized natural nose. We have investigated the suitability of Drosophila receptors as detectors for volatiles with applications in law enforcement, emergency response, and security. We first characterized responses of the majority of olfactory neuron types to a set of diagnostic odorants. Being thus able to correctly identify neurons, we then screened for responses from 38 different types of neurons to 35 agents. We identified 13 neuron types with responses to 13 agents. As individual Drosophila receptor genes have been mapped to neuron types, we can infer which genes confer responsiveness to the neurons. The responses were confirmed for one receptor by expressing it in a nonresponsive neuron. The fly olfactory system is mainly adapted to detect volatiles from fermenting fruits. However, our findings establish that volatiles associated with illicit substances, many of which are of nonnatural origin, are also detected by Drosophila receptors.
Effective photoluminescence in a large-area array of Ta2O5 nanodots (PL of Ta2O5 nanodots)

In this study we present the synthesis of the large-area Ta<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> nanodot array by utilizing hot filament metal vapor deposition technique. The Ta<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> nanodots were arranged in a large-area array on a Si wafer, and their average diameter is ∼ 35 nm. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the stoichiometric Ta and O compositions of Ta<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> nanodots. Raman spectroscopy showed the Ta<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> nanodots to be of orthorhombic (β) crystal. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy displayed that the β-Ta<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf> nanodots provided green and red light emissions at room temperature.
Are Dividend Changes a Sign of Firm Maturity

Firms that increase (decrease) dividends experience a significant decline (increase) in their systematic risk. The dividend-increasing firms do not increase their capital expenditure and experience a decline in profitability in the years after the dividend change. The positive market reaction to a dividend increase is significantly related to the subsequent decline in systematic risk. In the long run, the dividendincreasing firms with the largest decline in systematic risk also experience the largest increase in price over the next three years, suggesting that the market reaction to dividend changes may not incorporate the full extent of the decline in the cost of capital associated with dividend changes.