Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defects in the Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I Antigen Processing Machinery in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association with Clinical Outcome

Purpose: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen defects, which are frequently present in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells may provide the tumor with an escape mechanism from immune surveillance. Scanty information is available about mechanisms underlying HLA class I antigen defects in both lesions and cell lines from HNSCC. In this study, we investigate the role of antigen processing machinery (APM) component abnormalities in the generation of deficient HLA class I surface expression of HNSCC cells. Experimental Design: Using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR analyses we correlated the expression of the IFN-γ inducible proteasome subunits and of the peptide transporter TAP with that of HLA class I antigens in biopsies and cell lines from primary, recurrent, and metastatic HNSCC. Furthermore, APM component and HLA class I antigen expression in surgically removed lesions were correlated with the course of the disease in order to assess the clinical significance of deficient expression of these molecules. Results: A high frequency of LMP2, LMP7, and TAP1 down-regulation or loss was found in tumor lesions and cell lines obtained from HNSCC cancer patients. These defects could be corrected by incubating cells with IFN-γ. Furthermore, LMP2, LMP7, TAP1, TAP2, and HLA class I antigen expression rates in primary HNSCC lesions were found to predict overall survival. Lastly, the level of LMP7 expression was significantly associated with disease recurrence at 2 years. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the analysis of APM component expression in HNSCC lesions can provide useful prognostic information in patients with HNSCC.
A Review on the Assessment of Stress Conditions for Simultaneous Production of Microalgal Lipids and Carotenoids

Microalgal species are potential resource of both biofuels and high-value metabolites, and their production is growth dependent. Growth parameters can be screened for the selection of novel microalgal species that produce molecules of interest. In this context our review confirms that, autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms have demonstrated a dual potential, namely the ability to produce lipids as well as value-added products (particularly carotenoids) under influence of various physico-chemical stresses on microalgae. Some species of microalgae can synthesize, besides some pigments, very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VL-PUFA,>20C) such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, those have significant applications in food and health. Producing value-added by-products in addition to biofuels, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), and lipids has the potential to improve microalgae-based biorefineries by employing either the autotrophic or the heterotrophic mode, which could be an offshoot of biotechnology. The review considers the potential of microalgae to produce a range of products and indicates future directions for developing suitable criteria for choosing novel isolates through bioprospecting large gene pool of microalga obtained from various habitats and climatic conditions.
The Relative Age Effect On The Selection In The Slovakia National Football Teams

Summary The focus of this research was to determine the relative age effect (RAE) on selection in the Slovakia national football teams. A factor that may have a significant impact on the quality of players chosen for the national teams or may result in a poor selection of players for the elite teams. Anthropometric and cognitive acceleration of players born in the first months of the calendar year concerning the overall context of the competition for placement in the national teams may be considered as a significant advantage. The aim of this research was to examine, determine and verify the presence of relative age effect in the selection of football players for the Slovakia national teams starting with the under 16 age category (U-16) through to the A - senior national football team. We presumed that the elite teams under this review and study consisted predominantly of players born in the first quarter of the calendar year, while also presuming that relative age effect receded with the increasing age category. Our survey sample U16 consisted of 79 players, U17 consisted of 47 players, U18 consisted of 58 players, U19 consisted of 71 players, U21 consisted of 52 players and A - senior national team consisted of 302 Slovakia national football players. The information obtained from the Slovak Football Association has been processed by the application of statistical methods and statistical significance test (T-test). Our research confirmed the presence of relative age effect in the U-16, U-17 and U-18 teams under our investigation (p≤0.01). In the U19 and U21 age categories, statistical significance has not been confirmed. As for the senior national team, statistically significant difference has been found in relation to players born in the last quarter of the year as opposed to players born in the first three months of the year (p≤0.01). Our results have shown that with the increasing age, the relative age effect fades and vanishes in full in the category of senior elite players. In the U-19 and U-21 age categories, statistical significance has not been confirmed. Based on this research results it may be recommended to use the advantage of relative age effect for the selection of players of the particular age category in the particular competition (such as e.g. the European Championship qualification, the European Championship final tournament qualification, or the World Cup qualification in the U-16, U-17, U-18 age categories).
Phase Chemistry, Fractional Crystallization, and Magma Mixing in Basalts from the Gulf of California, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 64

Major-element, trace-element, and mineralogic data from basalts drilled during Leg 64 indicate that a wide spectrum of N-type MORB have been erupted in the Gulf of California. Leg 64 basalts have chemical and mineralogical characteristics broadly similar to those from the East Pacific Rise and Nazca Plate. They are not nearly so evolved as basaltic lavas recovered from the Galapagos Spreading Center. Trace-element data suggest that several N-type mantle sources or a spatially heterogeneous mantle were partially melted to generate the spectrum of basalts recovered during Leg 64. However, simple, closed-system crystal fractionation does not adequately explain all of the observed chemical and mineralogical features. Mixing of primitive magmas, with observed An-rich Plagioclase xenocrysts and fractionating magmatic liquids, is a plausible mechanism which can help to explain the evolution of basaltic magmas in the Gulf of California.
Parenting and Peer-Group Behavior in Cultural Context

Whether specific patterns of parenting are similarly associated with child peer group behavior in diverse cultural contexts has been a fascinating topic of inquiry. From classic anthropological studies dating back to the early twentieth century to the current interest in cross-cultural studies, knowledge concerning the question of universality and cultural variation in parenting linkages to childhood adjustment has expanded at an unprecedented rate (e.g., Harkness & Super, 2002). As the general field of parenting research has uncovered distinctions in parenting styles and practices (e.g., Darling & Steinberg, 1993; Hart, Newell, & Olsen, 2003), these concepts have increasingly been applied to other cultures as well. Furthermore, the study of peer relationships has also increased in complexity. For example, descriptions of social behavior have evolved to represent significant subtypes of childhood aggression (e.g., physical and relational) and peer withdrawal (e.g., reticence, solitary–passive, solitary–active). In this chapter, we highlight cultural commonalities and variations in parenting and certain child peer group behaviors that have emerged from recent studies conducted in a number of cultures around the world. For example, our own collaborative work represents cultures of Adelaide, Australia; Beijing, China; Voronezh, Russia; as well as Provo, Utah, and Baton Rouge, Louisiana (United States). As a whole, these research endeavors uniquely contribute to cross-cultural developmental science. More often than not, a relatively coherent picture regarding parenting and child outcomes is emerging from numerous cultural studies. The structure of this chapter is as follows.
Construction of a Sonchus Yellow Net Virus Minireplicon: a Step toward Reverse Genetic Analysis of Plant Negative-Strand RNA Viruses

ABSTRACT Reverse genetic analyses of negative-strand RNA (NSR) viruses have provided enormous advances in our understanding of animal viruses over the past 20 years, but technical difficulties have hampered application to plant NSR viruses. To develop a reverse genetic approach for analysis of plant NSR viruses, we have engineered Sonchus yellow net nucleorhabdovirus (SYNV) minireplicon (MR) reporter cassettes for Agrobacterium tumefaciens expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Fluorescent reporter genes substituted for the SYNV N and P protein open reading frames (ORFs) exhibited intense single-cell foci throughout regions of infiltrated leaves expressing the SYNV MR derivatives and the SYNV nucleocapsid (N), phosphoprotein (P), and polymerase (L) proteins. Genomic RNA and mRNA transcription was detected for reporter genes substituted for both the SYNV N and P ORFs. These activities required expression of the N, P, and L core proteins in trans and were enhanced by codelivery of viral suppressor proteins that interfere with host RNA silencing. As is the case with other members of the Mononegavirales, we detected polar expression of fluorescent proteins and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase substitutions for the N and P protein ORFs. We also demonstrated the utility of the SYNV MR system for functional analysis of SYNV core proteins in trans and the cis-acting leader and trailer sequence requirements for transcription and replication. This work provides a platform for construction of more complex SYNV reverse genetic derivatives and presents a general strategy for reverse genetic applications with other plant NSR viruses.
Neurofilament as Neuronal Injury Blood Marker in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia has been shown to be associated with changes in cerebral structure and cognitive function later in life. Nf (neurofilaments) are specific scaffolding proteins of neurons, and their quantification in serum has been proposed as a biomarker for neuroaxonal injury. We performed a prospective, longitudinal, single-center study at the University Hospital of Basel to determine serum Nf concentrations in pregnant women with singleton pregnancies and with high risk of preeclampsia or with early signs of preeclampsia. Enrollment started at 21 weeks of gestation, followed up with multiple visits until delivery. Sixty out of 197 women developed preeclampsia (30.5%). NfL (Nf light chain) was measured with a highly sensitive single molecule array (Simoa) assay, in addition to the established preeclampsia markers sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) and PlGF (placental growth factor). The most important independent predictors of NfL were maternal age, number of pregnancies, and proteinuria. NfL levels increased during pregnancy and were significantly higher in women developing preeclampsia. The discriminatory accuracy of NfL, PlGF, and sFlt-1 in receiver operating characteristic curves analysis (area under the curve) of the overall group was 0.68, 0.81, and 0.84, respectively, and in women older than 36 years 0.7, 0.62, and 0.79, respectively. We conclude that increased axonal injury serum marker NfL predicts preeclampsia particularly in older women, with an accuracy similar to the established angiogenic factors. NfL may serve as an early indicator of preeclampsia-induced changes in cerebral structure and may help to stratify disease management.
3d Fascicle Orientations in Triceps Surae 1 Journal of Applied Physiology (accepted Apr. 2013)

7 The aim of this study was to determine the 3D muscle fascicle architecture in human triceps 8 surae muscle at different contraction levels and muscle lengths. Six male subjects were tested for 9 three contraction levels (0%, 30% and 60% of MVC) and four ankle angles (-15°, 0°, 15° and 10 30° of plantar flexion), and the muscles were imaged with B-mode ultrasound coupled to 3D 11 position sensors. 3D fascicle orientations were represented in terms of pennation angle relative to 12 the major axis of the muscle and azimuthal angle (a new architectural parameter introduced in 13 this study representing the radial angle around the major axis). 3D orientations of the fascicles, 14 and the sheets along which they lie were regionalized in all the three muscles (medial and lateral 15 gastrocnemius and the soleus) and changed significantly with contraction level and ankle angle. 16 Changes in the azimuthal angle were of similar magnitude to the changes in pennation angle. The 17 3D information was used for an error analysis to determine the errors in predictions of pennation 18 that would occur in purely 2D studies. A comparison was made for assessing pennation in the 19 same plane for different contraction levels, or for adjusting the scanning plane orientation for 20 different contractions: there was no significant difference between the two simulated scanning 21 conditions for the gastrocnemii; however, a significant difference of 4.5° was obtained for the 22 soleus. Correct probe orientation is thus more critical during estimations of pennation for the 23 soleus than the gastrocnemii due to its more complex fascicle arrangement.
Our Faces in the Dog's Brain: Functional Imaging Reveals Temporal Cortex Activation during Perception of Human Faces

Dogs have a rich social relationship with humans. One fundamental aspect of it is how dogs pay close attention to human faces in order to guide their behavior, for example, by recognizing their owner and his/her emotional state using visual cues. It is well known that humans have specific brain regions for the processing of other human faces, yet it is unclear how dogs’ brains process human faces. For this reason, our study focuses on describing the brain correlates of perception of human faces in dogs using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We trained seven domestic dogs to remain awake, still and unrestrained inside an MRI scanner. We used a visual stimulation paradigm with block design to compare activity elicited by human faces against everyday objects. Brain activity related to the perception of faces changed significantly in several brain regions, but mainly in the bilateral temporal cortex. The opposite contrast (i.e., everyday objects against human faces) showed no significant brain activity change. The temporal cortex is part of the ventral visual pathway, and our results are consistent with reports in other species like primates and sheep, that suggest a high degree of evolutionary conservation of this pathway for face processing. This study introduces the temporal cortex as candidate to process human faces, a pillar of social cognition in dogs.
Phoretic self-propulsion at finite Péclet numbers

Abstract Phoretic self-propulsion is a unique example of force- and torque-free motion on small scales. The classical framework describing the flow field around a particle swimming by self-diffusiophoresis neglects the advection of the solute field by the flow and assumes that the chemical interaction layer is thin compared to the particle size. In this paper we quantify and characterize the effect of solute advection on the phoretic swimming of a sphere. We first rigorously derive the regime of validity of the thin-interaction-layer assumption at finite values of the Péclet number ( ${Pe}$ ). Under this assumption, we solve computationally the flow around Janus phoretic particles and examine the impact of solute advection on propulsion and the flow created by the particle. We demonstrate that although advection always leads to a decrease of the swimming speed and flow stresslet at high values of the Péclet number, an increase can be obtained at intermediate values of ${Pe}$ . This possible enhancement of swimming depends critically on the nature of the chemical interactions between the solute and the surface. We then derive an asymptotic analysis of the problem at small ${Pe}$ which allows us to rationalize our computational results. Our computational and theoretical analysis is accompanied by a parallel study of the influence of reactive effects at the surface of the particle (Damköhler number) on swimming.
A comparison of sutureless and antibacterial suture abdomen closure.

PURPOSE This experimental study aimed at comparing the cyanoacrylate abdomen closure to the effectiveness of triclosan coated polidioxanone abdomen closure. METHODS The abdomen layers were closed with 3/0 polidioxanone suture in the first group. In the second group, the layers were closed with triclosan coated polidioxanone suture in a single layer. The abdomen layers of rats in the third group were attached with cyanoacrylates without sutures. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day and the adhesive level was recorded. The incision resistance strength was measured. The tissue was examined blindly in the terms of inflammatory cell infiltration, capillary proliferation, fibrosis and micro-abscess by the pathologist. RESULTS No significant difference was determined between the 1st and 2nd groups in the terms of inflammatory cell infiltration, capillary proliferation, collagen deposition, fibroblast activity, adhesive and tissue distension strength. The fibrosis and adhesive rate of the 3rd group was significantly higher than the 1st and 2nd groups statistically. The tissue distension strength was lower than in the other groups and the differences between the groups were found to be significant (p < 0.05). No significant difference was determined between the groups in the term of micro-abscess. CONCLUSIONS Antibacterial suture is not superior to the conventional suture. It is concluded that cyanoacrylate is not an appropriate molecule for abdomen closure (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 17).
Valley-selective topologically ordered states in irradiated bilayer graphene

Gapless bilayer graphene is susceptible to a variety of spontaneously gapped states. As predicted by theory and observed by experiment, the ground state is, however, topologically trivial, because a valley-independent gap is energetically favorable. Here, we show that under the application of interlayer electric field and circularly polarized light, one valley can be selected to exhibit the original interaction instability while the other is frozen out. Tuning this Floquet system stabilizes multiple competing topologically ordered states, distinguishable by edge transport and circular dichroism. Notably, quantized charge, spin, and valley Hall conductivities coexist in one stabilized state.
Women's responses to their child's disclosure of sexual abuse

The literature in this review considers women’s responses to their child’s disclosure of sexual abuse from three approaches: objective, subjective, and intersubjective. The literature review initially revealed two themes, the primary one being clinically observed descriptions of women’s responses that suggested risk to the child. The second theme captured the subjective experience of how women were impacted by the disclosure. Both these approaches treated the mother and child as if they and their relationship existed in a vacuum. Therefore a third stream needed to be considered: those studies that attempted an intersubjective description of the social context in which disclosure and response occur. The research then required development of a conceptual frame comprehensive enough to hold the varying interpretations that emerged from the literature. This frame needed to make conceptual links between objective, subjective and intersubjective descriptions. To do so, I employed four theoretical lenses by which their responses might be reconsidered: attachment theory, trauma theory, loss and grief theory, and caregiving theory. The result of this critical interpretive synthesis is that when all three approaches (objective, subjective and intersubjective) are applied to the women’s experience, a fuller assessment of their capacity to provide care and protection is gained. This assessment also provides a window into what will support women as mothers. I have proposed that attachment theory, trauma theory, grief and loss theory, and caregiving theory are present in the literature reviewed, and I suggest conceptual Women’s responses to their child’s disclosure of sexual abuse | 3 links by providing interpretations of how I see them positioned to support women when combined with therapeutic knowledge and clinical understanding. The critical interpretive synthesis revealed the complexity of what women and children experience and showed that by identifying and providing women in this context with the appropriate clinical care we provide enduring care and protection of children, families and society. Women’s responses to their child’s disclosure of sexual abuse | 4
Blind Deconvolution of Dynamical Systems:A State-Space Approach

In this paper we present a general framework of the state space approach for blind deconvolution. First, we review the current state of the art of blind deconvolution using state-space models, then give a new insight into blind deconvolution in the state-space framework. The cost functions for blind deconvolution are discussed and adaptive learning algorithms for updating external parameters are developed by minimizing a certain cost function, which is derived from mutual information of output signals. The information backpropagation approach is developed for training the internal parameters. In order to compensate for the model bias and reduce the e(cid:11)ect of noise, we introduce the Kalman (cid:12)lter to the blind deconvolution setting. A new concept, called hidden innovation, is introduced so as to numerically implement the Kalman (cid:12)lter. Thus we propose a new method: the two-stage approach to blind deconvolution. Finally we suggest how to extend the information backpropagation approach to the nonlinear case. Computer simulations are given to show the validity and e(cid:11)ectiveness of the state-space approach.
Effect of Ivabradine on recurrent hospitalization in patients with chronic systolic heart failure

Background: Heart rate is an important and easily accessible physiologic variable with prognostic and clinical importance. In chronic heart failure, changes in heart rate are even more important as myocardial performance is compromised. Control of heart rate with a β-blocker is important, further control of heart rate beyond and above that achieved with a β-blocker provides added value. The potential of Ivabradine, a pure heart rate lowering drug, in this context is therefore interesting and welcome.