Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of DIHS/DRESS syndrome with combined N-acetylcysteine, prednisone and valganciclovir – a hypothesis

Summary Background Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DIHS/DRESS) is a rare and severe adverse drug reaction with an associated mortality of 10–20%. Clinical worsening despite discontinuation of the culprit drug is considered a characteristic feature of DIHS/DRESS. Besides the early recognition of the syndrome and discontinuation of its causative drug, the mainstay of treatment is systemic corticosteroids. Nevertheless, treatment of severe DIHS/DRESS is not well defined, as corticosteroids may sometimes not be effective, and decreasing the dose may be associated with flaring of the disease. Case Report A 38-year-old woman with high fever, malaise, abdominal pain, rash, and elevated liver enzymes received immediate high-dose N-acetylcysteine, because acetaminophen hepatotoxicity was suspected. N-acetylcysteine administration was associated with a significant clinical improvement. However, within the next week DIHS/DRESS syndrome was diagnosed, which explained all the symptoms, and which was subsequently treated with prednisone and valganciclovir. Conclusions New options necessary to improve treatment of severe DIHD/DRESS have to consider its sequential pathogenetic mechanisms. N-acetylcysteine might neutralize the drug-derived reactive metabolites, which are responsible for protein adduct formation and specific T cell stimulation, and replete the glutathione stores that counterbalance oxidative stress. Prednisone might inhibit lymphoproliferation and valganciclovir might prevent complications related to HHV-6 reactivation. We therefore propose the unprecedented combination of N-acetylcysteine, prednisone and valganciclovir as a treatment option for DIHS/DRESS.
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT IN THOR MOVIE

This research analyzed speech act which were expressed by Thor as the main character in Thor movie. That movie showed a candidate of king who was banished by his father because of his arrogant characteristic, so, there were many speech act which represented real life. Considering there are problems in English language learning focusing on speech act, so this study was conducted used pragmatics analysis. The purposes of this study were to classify speech act based on Searle’s theory and analyze speech act which has relation between the form and the function of the sentence. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The data which were used in this research were the utterances that were performed by the main character in the movie script in collaboration with the real movie. The data analysis used pragmatics approach with theory by Searle. From the theory, there are 5 classifications of speech act, representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. There are 2 types of speech act which is discussed by Searle, direct and indirect. Based on the analysis, the researcher found that from the 5 classifications only 4 of them which were expressed by the main character, representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. Representative and directive were expressed 56 times each of them. Commissive appeared 20 times and expressive appeared 29 times. All types of speech act were expressed by the main character in the movie. Direct speech act were expressed 140 times, and indirect speech act were expressed 11 times. Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, Thor movie
A sustainable forest future

Concern about the rate at which the world's forests are being depleted is wide-spread. Recent international calls for radical efforts to reduce deforestation include the United Nations Inter-governmental Forum on Forests of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (1999), and the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development (1999). This concern reflects an appreciation of the ecological and economic functions of forests: as providers of timber and many non-timber predicts, as the habitat for much of the world's biological diversity, and as regulators of local, regional and global environments. These functions are at risk. Most of the forest clearance is in areas of high forest cover and high human population pressure in tropical areas for agriculture. In temperate and boreal areas the pressures from logging are more important. But in all areas, forestry itself has an important role to play both as a partial cause of deforestation, and, if practiced wisely, as a potential source of salvation for at least some of the world's forests. In terms of its causal role, forestry tends to open up primary forest areas, enabling colonists to move in, using roads forged by the timber companies. In some parts of the world, forests are converted not to agriculture but to biomass plantations of fast growing trees or to other agro-industries based on tree-crop plantations such as palm oil and rubber. Here the primary agent is not the peasant, but the richer elements of local and international society. How, then, can the world's forests be used more wisely? It is this admittedly grand and complex question that we seek to answer in this paper. Some argue for outright protection, caricatured perhaps in the phrase 'fence and forget'. Others argue for 'sustainable forest management', and still others for systems of forest management that rely on acceptance of an initial period of exploitation of valuable species followed by outright protection. The issue, then, is the optimal use of forested land , which begs the question of what is meant by 'optimal'. This is addressed shortly.
Investigating the Preferred Learning Styles in English Language Courses among Undergraduates in Universiti Malaysia Kelantan

Generally, individuals have different ways and particular preferences when processing new information in learning. It is also believed that their language learning styles are one of the main indicators that contribute to their academic performance. This study aims to identify Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) learner’s learning styles in English language courses. The selected respondents for this study were three hundred and twenty-nine (329) undergraduates at UMK who were taking the English language courses I, II and III. A ninety (90) items of self-administered questionnaire was adapted from established questionnaire on Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) whilst, another fifty-five (55) items were on undergraduates’ learning styles. The total items in this study were one hundred and forty-five (145). The findings showed that the majority of the respondents prefer Musical Intelligence the most and the Naturalist Intelligence the least. The implication of this study is on the challenges faced by the lecturers in identifying the possible language teaching methods that could accommodate and work for all the learners since there are learners with different MI within one classroom.
IASE /ISI Satellite, 2007: Afamasaga-Fuata’i & Reading ® USING CONCEPT MAPS TO ASSESS PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF CONNECTIONS BETWEEN STATISTICAL CONCEPTS AFAMASAGA-FUATA’I, Karoline & READING, Chris University of New England Australia Concept maps are powerful tools for representing unde

Concept maps are powerful tools for representing understanding of a concept. After designing a teaching sequence for the statistics content of a senior secondary mathematics syllabus, preservice teachers were asked to prepare a concept map to demonstrate their understanding of the connection between the different concepts that had been included in the sequence. The concept maps prepared by the pre-service teachers were analysed in relation to what connections were made and the quality of the connecting statements. Results showed that these pre-service teachers had very different perceptions of the connections between the basic statistical concepts. Drawing the concept maps assisted the pre-service teachers to consider the concepts at a meta-level. How the concepts maps might be used as a tool for aiding the planning of learning sequences is worthy of investigation.
Endothelial Epithelial Sodium Channel Inhibition Activates Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase via Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt in Small-Diameter Mesenteric Arteries

Recent studies have shown that the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is expressed in vascular tissue. However, the role that ENaC may play in the responses to vasoconstrictors and NO production has yet to be addressed. In this study, the contractile responses of perfused pressurized small-diameter rat mesenteric arteries to phenylephrine and serotonin were reduced by ENaC blockade with amiloride (75.1±3.2% and 16.9±2.3% of control values, respectively; P<0.01) that was dose dependent (EC50=88.9±1.6 nmol/L). Incubation with benzamil, another ENaC blocker, had similar effects. &agr;, &bgr;, and &ggr; ENaC were identified in small-diameter rat mesenteric arteries using RT-PCR and Western blot with specific antibodies. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry localized ENaC expression to the tunica media and endothelium of small-diameter rat mesenteric arteries. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that primary cultures of mesenteric artery endothelial cells expressed amiloride-sensitive sodium currents. Mechanical ablation of the endothelium or inhibition of eNOS with N&ohgr;-nitro-l-arginine inhibited the reduction in contractility caused by ENaC blockers. ENaC inhibitors increased eNOS phosphorylation (Ser 1177) and Akt phosphorylation (Ser 473). The presence of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 blunted Akt phosphorylation and eNOS phosphorylation and the decrease in the response to phenylephrine caused by blockers of ENaC, indicating that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway was activated after ENaC inhibition. Finally, we observed that the effects of blockers of ENaC were flow dependent and that the vasodilatory response to shear stress was enhanced by ENaC blockade. Our results identify a previously unappreciated role for ENaC as a negative modulator of eNOS and NO production in resistance arteries.
Can a Task-Based Approach Explain the Recent Changes in the German Wage Structure?

Summary This paper investigates the changes in the German wage structure for full-time working males from 1999 to 2006. Our analysis builds on the task-based approach introduced by Autor et al. (2003), as implemented by Spitz-Oener (2006) for Germany, and also accounts for job complexity. We perform a Blinder-Oaxaca type decomposition of the changes in the entire wage distribution between 1999 and 2006 into the separate effects of personal characteristics and task assignments. In line with the literature, we find a noticeable increase of wage inequality between 1999 and 2006. The decomposition results show that the changes in personal characteristics explain some of the increase in wage inequality whereas the changes in task assignments strongly work towards reducing wage inequality. The coefficient effect for personal characteristics works towards an increase in wage inequality at the top of the wage distribution. The coefficient effect for the task assignments on the contrary shows an inverted U-shaped pattern. We conclude that altogether the task-based approach can not explain the recent increase of wage inequality in Germany.
Low complexity subspace-based two-dimensional direction-of-arrivals tracking of multiple targets

This paper deals with the problem of tracking the two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) (i.e., azimuth and elevation angles) of multiple moving targets with crossover points on their trajectories, and we propose an new computationally efficient subspace-based 2-D DOA tracking algorithm for the L-shaped sensor array structured by two uniform linear arrays (ULAs). First, a new computationally efficient cross-correlation based 2-D DOA estimation with automatic pair-matching (CODEC) batch method is developed for noncoherent narrowband signals, where the computationally expensive procedures of eigendecomposition in subspace estimation and pair-matching of the estimated azimuth and elevation angles are avoided. Then a new 2-D DOA tracking algorithm is proposed, the association of the estimated azimuth and elevation angles at two successive time instants is accomplished by employing a dynamic mode and the Luenberger state observer. The simulation results show that the proposed tracking algorithm has good adaptability and tracking capability.
Obstetric transition in the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health: exploring pathways for maternal mortality reduction.

OBJECTIVE To test whether the proposed features of the Obstetric Transition Model-a theoretical framework that may explain gradual changes that countries experience as they eliminate avoidable maternal mortality-are observed in a large, multicountry, maternal and perinatal health database; and to discuss the dynamic process of maternal mortality reduction using this model as a theoretical framework. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study by the World Health Organization that collected information on more than 300 000 women who delivered in 359 health facilities in 29 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East, during a 2-4-month period in 2010-2011. The ratios of Potentially Life-Threatening Conditions, Severe Maternal Outcomes, Maternal Near Miss, and Maternal Death were estimated and stratified by stages of obstetric transition. The characteristics of each stage are defined. RESULTS Data from 314 623 women showed that female fertility, indirectly estimated by parity, was higher in countries at a lower obstetric transition stage, ranging from a mean of 3 children in Stage II to 1.8 children in Stage IV. Medicalization increased with obstetric transition stage. In Stage IV, women had 2.4 times the cesarean deliveries (15.3% in Stage II and 36.7% in Stage IV) and 2.6 times the labor inductions (7.1% in Stage II and 18.8% in Stage IV) as women in Stage II. The mean age of primiparous women also increased with stage. The occurrence of uterine rupture had a decreasing trend, dropping by 5.2 times, from 178 to 34 cases per 100 000 live births, as a country transitioned from Stage II to IV. CONCLUSIONS This analysis supports the concept of obstetric transition using multicountry data. The Obstetric Transition Model could provide justification for customizing strategies for reducing maternal mortality according to a country's stage in the obstetric transition.
Natural Killer Cells Activated by Interleukin 2 Treatment in Vivo Respond to Interleukin 2 Primarily through the p 75 Receptor and Maintain the p 55 ( TAC ) Negative Phenotype 1

Interleukin 2 (11-2) induced activation of unstimulated resting natural killer (NK) cells or resting T-cells initially occurs following binding of IL-2 through the p75 receptor that is expressed primarily by these cells. However, this IL-2/p75 interaction induces TAC chain synthesis and formation of high affinity IL-2 receptor required for the proliferation of resting peripheral blood lymphocytes. In this study, we present data indicating that NK cells activated by in vivo IL-2 treatment, in contrast to resting NK cells, respond and proliferate to further IL-2 in vitro using primarily the p75 receptor with only a minor component of cells respond ing through the high affinity receptor. These in vivo activated NK cells minimally expressed the TAC chain and maintained this TAC negative phenol >pi1while proliferating in response to IL-2. The primary involve ment of the p75 receptor in the proliferative response of these cells to IL-2 was demonstrated by the need for concentrations of IL-2 higher than 44 p\i to obtain a significant response and by the dramatic inhibition of this response by anti-p75 monoclonal antibody. Anti-TAC monoclonal antibody inhibited only the poor proliferation obtained at low doses of IL-2 suggesting a minor role for TAC and high affinity IL-2 receptors. This was in contrast to the partial inhibition of proliferation by anti-p75 or anti-TAC observed in unstimulated pretherapy peripheral blood lym phocytes suggesting that these cells respond to IL-2 through both high affinity receptors and intermediate affinity p75 receptors. The T-cells isolated from in vivo activated peripheral blood lymphocytes, despite expressing TAC, were not responsive to IL-2, suggesting that these cells express predominantly nonfunctional low affinity TAC receptors. NK cells activated by IL-2 in vivo represent a unique model system of IL-2 dependent cells that respond and proliferate to IL-2 essentially through the p75 IL-2 receptor.
Single spin asymmetry in inclusive pion production

It is shown how the single spin asymmetry observed in inclusive pion production is related, in the helicity basis, to the imaginary part of the product of two different distribution amplitudes, rather than to the usual quark and gluon distribution functions; there is then no reason why it should be zero even in massless perturbative QCD, provided the quark intrinsic motion is taken into account. A simple model is constructed which reproduces the main features of the data.
Female Income and Expenditure on Children: Impact of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India

Touted as the largest public works program in the world, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) was enacted in 2005 with the goal of curtailing rural poverty in India. To ensure gender diversity in program participation, the Indian Government set a target to allocate a third of NREGS employment to women. We study the relationship between female NREGS income and expenditure on children’s goods in rural households of Andhra Pradesh. We use propensity score matching and fixed effects estimation to account for voluntary self-selection into the program and unobserved heterogeneity. Our results indicate that female income from the program prompts a significant increase in the expenditure share of children’s clothing and footwear consumption, and that this positive spur happens on account of a significant increase in the expenditure share for boys. Male NREGS income, on the other hand, has no impact on children expenditure for the considered categories.
Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB

RocksDB is an embedded, high-performance, persistent key-value storage engine developed at Facebook. Much of our current focus in developing and conﬁguring RocksDB is to give priority to resource eﬃciency instead of giving priority to the more standard performance metrics, such as response time latency and throughput, as long as the latter remain acceptable. In particular, we optimize space eﬃciency while ensuring read and write latencies meet service-level requirements for the intended workloads. This choice is motivated by the fact that storage space is most often the primary bottleneck when using Flash SSDs under typical production workloads at Facebook. RocksDB uses log-structured merge trees to obtain signiﬁcant space eﬃciency and better write throughput while achieving acceptable read performance. This paper describes methods we used to reduce storage usage in RocksDB. We discuss how we are able to trade oﬀ storage eﬃciency and CPU overhead, as well as read and write ampliﬁcation. Based on experimental evaluations of MySQL with RocksDB as the embedded storage engine (using TPC-C and LinkBench benchmarks) and based on measurements taken from production databases, we show that RocksDB uses less than half the storage that InnoDB uses, yet performs well and in many cases even better than the B-tree-based InnoDB storage engine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst time a Log-structured merge tree-based storage engine has shown competitive performance when running OLTP workloads at large scale.
“The Rippled Perceptions”: The Effects of LGBT-Inclusive TV on Own Attitudes and Perceived Attitudes of Peers Toward Lesbians and Gays

This study explores the effects and influence of presumed influence of consuming recent lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT)-inclusive TV on attitudes toward lesbians and gays (ATLG) and perceived attitudes toward lesbians and gays (PATLG) among peers. Adding to previous research, this study testifies to the modest yet positive effects of current entertainment narratives on viewers’ ATLG. The results demonstrate dynamics of “the rippled perceptions”: people’s own attitudes are the “origin of peer perceptions”; media consumption and interpersonal contact predict participants’ own attitudes; the influence of presumed influence attenuates as the analysis moves from self, to close friends, and those of the same age.
Identifying controversial articles in Wikipedia: a comparative study

Wikipedia articles are the result of the collaborative editing of a diverse group of anonymous volunteer editors, who are passionate and knowledgeable about specific topics. One can argue that this plurality of perspectives leads to broader coverage of the topic, thus benefitting the reader. On the other hand, differences among editors on polarizing topics can lead to controversial or questionable content, where facts and arguments are presented and discussed to support a particular point of view. Controversial articles are manually tagged by Wikipedia editors, and span many interesting and popular topics, such as religion, history, and politics, to name a few. Recent works have been proposed on automatically identifying controversy within unmarked articles. However, to date, no systematic comparison of these efforts has been made. This is in part because the various methods are evaluated using different criteria and on different sets of articles by different authors, making it hard for anyone to verify the efficacy and compare all alternatives. We provide a first attempt at bridging this gap. We compare five different methods for modelling and identifying controversy, and discuss some of the unique difficulties and opportunities inherent to the way Wikipedia is produced.
CDMA Ad Hoc Networks in Multipath Fading Channels

This work analyses the effects of multipath diversity on the performance of wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) ad hoc networks. Expected progress per slot is used as the performance criterion for the capacity of the described model. The fading can unfavorably affect the data transmission in an wireless network. By the application of the well known rake receiver for CDMA systems, it is shown that multipath diversity significantly increases the CDMA ad hoc network performance, decreasing the harmful effects of the fading