Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopically and Kinetically Distinct Conformational Populations of Sol-Gel-encapsulated Carbonmonoxy Myoglobin

We have used sol-gel encapsulation protocols to trap kinetically and spectroscopically distinct conformational populations of native horse carbonmonoxy myoglobin. The method allows for direct comparison of functional and spectroscopic properties of equilibrium and non-equilibrium populations under the same temperature and viscosity conditions. The results implicate tertiary structure changes that include the proximal heme environment in the mechanism for population-specific differences in the observed rebinding kinetics. Differences in the resonance Raman frequency of ν(Fe-His), the iron-proximal histidine stretching mode, are attributed to differences in the positioning of the F helix. For myoglobin, the degree of separation between the F helix and the heme is assigned as the conformational coordinate that modulates both this frequency and the innermost barrier controlling CO rebinding. A comparison with the behavior of encapsulated derivatives of human adult hemoglobin indicates that these CO binding-induced conformational changes are qualitatively similar to the tertiary changes that occur within both the R and T quaternary states. Protein-specific differences in the time scale for the proposed F helix relaxation are attributed to variations in the intra-helical hydrogen bonding patterns that help stabilize the position of the F helix.
Effective use of reputation in peer-to-peer environments

Peer-to-peer environments have become popular as a framework for exchange of services. In these environments, certain peers may fail to provide. their services. Reputation can be a proper means of discovering low-performing peers, without affecting significantly inherent characteristics of peer-to-peer environments, such as anonymity and privacy. However, the accurate calculation of the reputation metrics may not be sufficient to provide the right incentives to peers. In this paper, we show that the straightforward approach for peers to exploit the reputation metrics (i.e. by just selecting as a providing peer the one with the highest reputation) may lead to unexpectedly low efficiency for high-performing peers. We argue and justify experimentally that the calculation of the reputation values has to be complemented by reputation-based policies that define the pairs of peers eligible to interact. We introduce two orthogonal dimensions constituting the reputation based policies: provider selection and contention resolution. We argue and show by means of simulation experiments that both these dimensions have a significant impact to the achieved efficiency of the peers. We also investigate experimentally the achievable efficiency of specific reputation-based policies for the case of short-lived peers of two different fixed-strategy types. Finally, we deal with the efficient computation of the reputation value by means of aggregation of the ratings feedback provided by the peers. We propose that this can be accomplished by aggregating only a small randomly selected subset of this feedback. Simulation experiments indicate that this approach indeed leads to the fast and accurate calculation of the reputation values even if the peer-to-peer population is renewed with a high rate.
Avaliação das habilidades auditivas em crianças com alterações de aprendizagem

OBJETIVO: comparar o desempenho na Avaliacao Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo (ASPA) e no Pediatric Speech Intelligibility Test (PSI), de criancas com alteracao de Aprendizagem da Leitura e Escrita e sem este tipo de alteracao. METODOS: participaram da pesquisa 28 criancas na faixa etaria de 8 a 12 anos, do sexo masculino e feminino. Os participantes foram submetidos ao Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) para a categorizacao dos grupos de estudo e controle, e, para avaliacao das habilidades auditivas foram aplicados a ASPA e o Teste PSI. RESULTADOS: nao foi observada associacao estatisticamente significante entre o desempenho nos testes de Processamento Auditivo (PA) e o grupo com dificuldades de aprendizagem, apesar de ter sido verificada maior frequencia de alteracoes no grupo de estudo em relacao ao grupo controle, em todos os testes. Na ASPA, o teste em que se observou maior numero de alteracoes foi o Teste de Memoria Sequencial Verbal, contudo, o Teste de Memoria Sequencial Nao-verbal foi o que mostrou maior diferenca entre os grupos. CONCLUSAO: Nao foram encontradas diferencas estatisticamente significantes no desempenho na Avaliacao Simplificada do Processamento Auditivo (ASPA) e no Pediatric Speech Intelligibility Test (PSI), das criancas com alteracao de Aprendizagem da Leitura e Escrita e sem alteracao.
Comparison of noncontact infrared and remote sensor thermometry in normal and dry eye patients.

PURPOSE To evaluate the role of closed chamber infrared and remote sensor thermometry in normal and dry eye patients. METHODS The study was conducted on 51 dry eye cases (102 eyes), 26 men and 25 women aged 19 to 65 years (35.3614.36), and 51 normal (102 eyes) age- and sex-matched control subjects. The criteria for dry eye were Schirm e r-1 (<10 m/5 min), FTBUT (<10 sec), nd lissamine green score (>2). The remote sensor and infrared thermometry was done in losed chamber around the eye in closed and open eye positions. RESULTS In normal eyes, closed chamber infrared thermometry recorded temperature 34.770. 37 C in closed eye position and 35.020. 39 C in open eye position as compared to 27.912. 46 C in closed eye position and 28.012. 46 C in open position with remote sensor thermometry. The difference in temperature from closed to open position was 0.250. 90 C in infrared thermometry and 0.100. 00 C with remote sensor thermometry, which was statistically significant (p<0.0000). In dry eye, the infrared therm o m e t ry recorded 35.080. 61 C temperature in closed eye position and 35.530. 63 C in open eye position as compared to 27.412. 48 C in open and closed eye position with remote sensor thermometry. The difference in temperature from closed to open eye position was 0.450. 14 C (p<0.0000) with infrared thermometry as compared to no change 0.000. 00 C with remote sensor thermometry (p<0.0000). CONCLUSIONS Remote sensor thermometry proved better for diagnosis of dry eye disease as it showed no change in temperature under closed chamber in closed and open position (p=0.0000). Infrared thermometry was better in recording the absolute temperature from any point on the eye.
Search for heavy ZZ resonances in the ℓ ⁺ℓ ⁻ℓ ⁺ℓ⁻ and ℓ ⁺ℓ ⁻νν̄ final states using proton–proton collisions at √s̅= 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of Z bosons leading to (cid:3) + (cid:3) − (cid:3) + (cid:3) − and (cid:3) + (cid:3) − ν ¯ ν ﬁnal states, where (cid:3) stands for either an electron or a muon, is presented. The search uses proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb − 1 collected with the ATLAS detector during 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider. Different mass ranges for the hypothetical resonances are considered, depending on the ﬁnal state and model. The different ranges span between 200 and 2000 GeV. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the production cross section of a spin-0 or spin-2 resonance. The upper limits for the spin-0 resonance are translated to exclusion contours in the context of Type-I and Type-II two-Higgs-doublet models, while those for the spin-2 resonance are used to constrain the Randall–Sundrum model with an extra dimension giving rise to spin-2 graviton excitations.
Third-Person Perception as an Impression Management Tactic

The current research aims at broadening the motivational explanations for the third-person perception (TPP) by documenting the role of impression management motives in this perception. In two experiments that were devised to explore this possibility, participants were asked to report in public or in private on their perceptions of how various advertisements affected them and others. In addition, their level of self-monitoring was measured, and they were divided into two categories—high and low. In line with the hypotheses, participants showed a larger TPP in public than in private. Moreover, while the public nature of the situation did not affect low self-monitors, high self-monitors reported a large TPP in public but no TPP at all in private. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the current findings for research on the causes and consequences of the TPP.
Low-Field Limit for a Nonlinear Discrete Drift-Diffusion Model Arising in Semiconductor Superlattices Theory

Charge transport in semiconductor superlattices can be described through a discrete drift-diffusion model. In this model, we identify some small parameter h > 0, related to the ratio between the length of a superlattice period and the observation length scale. Specifically, we investigate a regime where the length of the superlattice period is small while the doping profile is low. In the limit $h \to 0$, we are led to a nonlinear drift-diffusion model, coupled to the Poisson equation.
Fire and ice: volcanic and glacial impacts on the phylogeography of the New Zealand forest fern Asplenium hookerianum

In the Southern Hemisphere there has been little phylogeographical investigation of forest refugia sites during the last glacial. Hooker's spleenwort, Asplenium hookerianum, is a fern that is found throughout New Zealand. It is strongly associated with forest and is a proxy for the survival of woody vegetation during the last glacial maximum. DNA sequence data from the chloroplast trnL‐trnF locus were obtained from 242 samples, including c. 10 individuals from each of 21 focal populations. Most populations contained multiple, and in many cases unique, haplotypes, including those neighbouring formerly glaciated areas, while the predominant inference from nested clade analysis was restricted gene flow with isolation by distance. These results suggest that A. hookerianum survived the last glacial maximum in widespread populations of sufficient size to retain the observed phylogeography, and therefore that the sheltering woody vegetation must have been similarly abundant. This is consistent with palynological interpretations for the survival in New Zealand of thermophilous forest species at considerably smaller distances from the ice sheets than recorded for the Northern Hemisphere. Eastern and central North Island populations of A. hookerianum were characterized by a different subset of haplotypes to populations from the remainder of the country. A similar east–west phylogeographical pattern has been detected in a diverse array of taxa, and has previously been attributed to recurrent vulcanism in the central North Island.
White Bodies and Feminist Dilemmas: On the Complexity of Positionality

This article is an investigation of the concept of positionality within the context of feminist cultural studies. Using Judith Newton and Judith Stacey's essay “Learning Not to Curse” as a starting point, the author explores the numerous difficulties involved in representing others and the mistakes feminist scholars have committed in their attempts to deal with the complexity of identity. The author argues that no matter how difficult and risky, speaking for others is a responsibility we must take to be politically effective, and she examines possible means to render our attempts to do so less dangerous and more useful. In particular, the author explores how our multiple selves can be employed through a politically grounded reflexivity to remind us of the complexity of representation and ground our research in the larger context in which it is produced.
Race in “The Race”: Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa, and Heroic Constructions of Whiteness

News media in the United States often present sports figures as ideal representations of heroism. In the U.S., heroism has long been linked to frontier mythology, which celebrates the rugged individualist. This figure privileges a construction of heroism based on strength, masculinity, and a white ideal associated with American exceptionalism. Accordingly, in affirming the promise of the American dream, sports media often devalue racial inclusion. To show how heroism in contemporary American culture is a mythological enactment of whiteness, I analyze news media accounts of the 1998 home run race between Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa.
Herpesvirus BACs: Past, Present, and Future

The herpesviridae are a large family of DNA viruses with large and complicated genomes. Genetic manipulation and the generation of recombinant viruses have been extremely difficult. However, herpesvirus bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) that were developed approximately 10 years ago have become useful and powerful genetic tools for generating recombinant viruses to study the biology and pathogenesis of herpesviruses. For example, BAC-directed deletion mutants are commonly used to determine the function and essentiality of viral genes. In this paper, we discuss the creation of herpesvirus BACs, functional analyses of herpesvirus mutants, and future applications for studies of herpesviruses. We describe commonly used methods to create and mutate herpesvirus BACs (such as site-directed mutagenesis and transposon mutagenesis). We also evaluate the potential future uses of viral BACs, including vaccine development and gene therapy.
Cognitive processing, discovery of meaning, CD4 decline, and AIDS-related mortality among bereaved HIV-seropositive men.

This study investigated whether finding meaning in response to an HIV-related stressor was associated with changes in immune status and health. Forty HIV-seropositive men who had recently experienced an AIDS-related bereavement completed interviews assessing cognitive processing and finding meaning after the loss and provided blood samples for a 2- to 3-year follow-up. AIDS-related mortality over an extended follow-up was determined from death certificates. As predicted, men who engaged in cognitive processing were more likely to find meaning from the loss. Furthermore, men who found meaning showed less rapid declines in CD4 T cell levels and lower rates of AIDS-related mortality (all ps < .05), independent of health status at baseline, health behaviors, and other potential confounds. These results suggest that positive responses to stressful events, specifically the discovery of meaning, may be linked to positive immunologic and health outcomes.
Femtosecond carrier-induced screening of dc electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation at the Si(001) SiO(2) interface.

Carrier-induced screening of the dc electric field at the Si(001)-SiO(2) interface is observed by intensity-dependent and femtosecond-time-resolved second-harmonic spectroscopy. The screening occurs on a time scale of ~? (p)(-1) , the reciprocal plasma frequency of the generated carriers.
Adventure Education and Resilience Enhancement

This study assessed the effect of an experiential, adventure-based program on levels of resilience in fifth-grade Latino students. A mixed methods, quasi-experimental design was used to measure the impact of the Santa Fe Mountain Center's Anti-Bullying Initiative on internal assets commonly associated with resilient individuals. Results indicated this adventure education program positively affected certain resilience traits, although concerns with research methodology are raised. Female students demonstrated greater gains than male students. Suggestions for practitioners include the following: clearly defining intended outcomes, developing a safe and supportive learning environment, establishing tools and strategies that students can use in a variety of settings, and connecting the adventure experience to the school or home setting. Future research could use a more recent and reliable survey, look at varying outcomes based on gender, and assess how levels of resilience correlate with improved educational and social outcomes.
Are positive self-perceptions and expectancies really beneficial in an academic context? : perspectives on higher education

The main aim of this study was to discover interrelations between university students' self-perceptions, expectancies, and academic achievement. A sample of 645 Unisa students was divided into three groups: Overestimators, Realists, and Underestimators. The data revealed that, compared to Underestimators, Overestimators (a) expected significantly higher marks; (b) were significantly more confident about their expectations, and (c) perceived themselves to have significantly more ability. Although Overestimators had more positive psychological profiles than Underestimators, they gained significantly lower marks than Underestimators (47% and 76% respectively) in the examinations. In strong contrast to major psychological theories the results suggest that, in a university context, (a) poor performance is not associated with negative self-perceptions and low expectancies, and (b) overoptimistic self-perceptions and high expectancies may in fact be maladaptive. Indeed these results suggest that humble self-assessments may be more conducive to success. (South African Journal of Higher Education: 2003 17 (1): 67-73)
Ambiguity in context: A reply

Abstract This paper shows that models of sentence comprehension based on “weak interaction” between syntax and interpretive processes are theoretically well-founded. According to this theory, local syntactic ambiguities can be resolved as soon as they are encountered in a single left-to-right pass through the sentence, by distinguishing the alternative partial analyses on the basis of their semantic and referential appropriateness to the context of utterance. This “incremental-interactive” theory is compared with an alternative serial structural strategy-based model proposed by Frazier and others, including Clifton and Ferreira. Particular attention is paid to a component of this theory that has been called the “Thematic Processor”. This component has hitherto remained somewhat under-specified, but we examine a number of possible interpretations. We argue that the only reasonable interpretation of the thematic processor is as a mechanism identical in every respect with the incremental weakly interactive p.
Novel Picornavirus in Turkey Poults with Hepatitis, California, USA

To identify a candidate etiologic agent for turkey viral hepatitis, we analyzed samples from diseased turkey poults from 8 commercial flocks in California, USA, that were collected during 2008–2010. High-throughput pyrosequencing of RNA from livers of poults with turkey viral hepatitis (TVH) revealed picornavirus sequences. Subsequent cloning of the ≈9-kb genome showed an organization similar to that of picornaviruses with conservation of motifs within the P1, P2, and P3 genome regions, but also unique features, including a 1.2-kb sequence of unknown function at the junction of P1 and P2 regions. Real-time PCR confirmed viral RNA in liver, bile, intestine, serum, and cloacal swab specimens from diseased poults. Analysis of liver by in situ hybridization with viral probes and immunohistochemical testing of serum demonstrated viral nucleic acid and protein in livers of diseased poults. Molecular, anatomic, and immunologic evidence suggests that TVH is caused by a novel picornavirus, tentatively named turkey hepatitis virus.
Academic creativity under new public management: Foundations for an investigation

In this essay, Simon Marginson focuses on self-determining academic freedom in universities, and especially the conditions and drivers of the radical-creative imagination that is manifest in sudden intellectual breaks in knowledge. Marginson’s objective is to establish foundations in political philosophy for a sociological study of the effects of the new public management (NPM) on academic self-determination and radical creativity. After discussing the radical-creative imagination, Marginson identifies the core elements of academic self-determination as agency freedom, freedom as power, and freedom as control. He then annotates each of the particular administrative and financial practices fostered by NPM in the light of these constituents of freedom, explores the implications for the radical-creative imagination, and identifies possible lines of empirical inquiry for further sociological study.
Personality Characteristics Associated with Adaption-Innovation

Summary Studied were hypothesized relationships between the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory and scales measuring dogmatism, sensation seeking, risk taking, and innovation. Ss were 106 (54 male and 52 female) undergraduates who described themselves by using five sociopsychological scales. Overall, the hypothesized relationships were confirmed: KAI scores were negatively correlated with dogmatism and positively correlated with sensation seeking, risk taking, and innovation. The results provided additional insight into cognitive styles as well as positive evidence for the nomological and convergent validity of the Kirton theory and scale.
Effects of age, sex, and axial length on the three-dimensional profile of normal macular layer structures.

PURPOSE To identify sex-related differences and age-related changes in individual retinal layer thicknesses in a population of healthy eyes across the lifespan, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS In seven institutes in Japan, mean thicknesses of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), photoreceptor inner segment (IS), and photoreceptor outer segment (OS) were measured using SD-OCT with a new automated segmentation protocol in 256 healthy subjects. RESULTS Interoperator coefficients of variability for measurements of each layer ranged from 0.012 to 0.038. The RNFL, GCL, IPL, and INL were thinnest in the foveal area, whereas the OPL+ONL and OS were thickest in this area. Mean thicknesses of the INL and the OPL+ONL were significantly greater in men (P = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). However, mean RNFL thickness was greater in women (P = 0.006). Thicknesses of the RNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, and IS correlated negatively with age. Thickness of the OPL+ONL was not correlated with age, and thickness of the OS correlated positively with age. Inner retinal (RNFL+GCL+IPL) thickness over the whole macula correlated negatively with age (P < 0.001), but outer retinal (OPL+ONL+IS+OS) thickness did not. Thicknesses of layers did not correlate with axial length. CONCLUSIONS Macular layer thicknesses measured on SD-OCT images in healthy eyes showed significant variations by sex and age. These findings should inform macular layer thickness analyses in SD-OCT studies of retinal diseases and glaucoma.
External Habit and the Cyclicality ofExpected Stock

We estimate an economic model in which agents' preferences have an unobserved external habit using the e cient method of moments. Given the estimated structural parameters we examine the cyclical behavior of expected stock returns in the model. We nd that the estimated structural parameters imply countercyclical expected stock returns as documented in existing empirical studies. The model, however, is still rejected at the 1% level. Detailed examination of the moment conditions in our estimation indicates that the model performs reasonably well in matching the mean of the stock returns, but it fails to capture the higher order moments such as variance, skewness and kurtosis.
Screening of marine algae of karachi for haemagglutinin activity.

Ethanol extracts of 66 species of marine benthic algae, collected from the coastal areas of Karachi, Pakistan, were tested for haemagglutination against human erythrocytes of blood groups A, B, AB and O. Out of 23, 16 and 27 species of green, brown and red seaweeds only 12,5 and 14 species respectively exhibited a positive test for the bioactivity of haemagglutinins i.e. the activity was found in half of the investigated species of Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta but only in one third of Phaeophyta.