Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A routing strategy for vehicular ad hoc networks in city environments

Routing of data in a vehicular ad hoc network is a challenging task due to the high dynamics of such a network. Recently, it was shown for the case of highway traffic that position-based routing approaches can very well deal with the high mobility of network nodes. However, baseline position-based routing has difficulties to handle two-dimensional scenarios with obstacles (buildings) and voids as it is the case for city scenarios. In this paper we analyze a position-based routing approach that makes use of the navigational systems of vehicles. By means of simulation we compare this approach with non-position-based ad hoc routing strategies (dynamic source routing and ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing). The simulation makes use of highly realistic vehicle movement patterns derived from Daimler-Chrysler's Videlio traffic simulator. While DSR's performance is limited due to problems with scalability and handling mobility, both AODV and the position-based approach show good performances with the position-based approach outperforming AODV.
Comparison of Two Real-Time Quantitative Assays for Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

ABSTRACT The new severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV), described in February 2003, infected a total of 8,439 people. A total of 812 people died due to respiratory insufficiency. Close contact with symptomatic patients appeared to be the main route of transmission. However, potential transmission by blood transfusion could not be definitely excluded. Two real-time SARS-specific PCR assays were assessed for their sensitivities, agreement of test results, and intra-assay variabilities. Both assays rely on reverse transcription and amplification of extracted RNA. Dilutions of gamma-irradiated cell culture supernatants of SARS CoV-infected Vero E6 cells were prepared to determine the precisions, linear ranges, and accuracies of the assays. The linear range for the Artus RealArt HPA-Coronavirus assay (Artus assay) was 1 × 102 to 1 × 107 copies/ml, and that for the Roche LightCycler SARS CoV Quantification kit (Roche assay) was 1 × 104 to 2 × 108 copies/ml. The detection limit of the Roche assay was 3,982.1 copies/ml, whereas that of the Artus assay was 37.8 copies/ml. Detection limits were calculated with a standard preparation that was recommended for use by the World Health Organization. However, quantification of CoV in this preparation may be imprecise. In summary, both assays are suitable for quantitative measurement of SARS CoV at the high concentrations expected in sputum samples. The Artus assay is also suitable for detection of SARS CoV at the low concentrations found in serum samples.
Gender differences in social network development via mobile phone text messages: A longitudinal study

We examined the development of face-to-face (FTF) social networks and mobile/cell phone text message (MPTM)-mediated social networks, and gender differences in the social network structure of 64 male and 68 female first-year undergraduate students. Social network analysis showed that MPTM social networks consisted of dyadic relationships, and its growth was slower than FTF social networks. The intimacy of friends who communicate via both FTF and MPTM was rated higher than those who communicate only via FTF. The structure of MPTM social networks coincided with known gender differences in network characteristics. Females tended to expand their MPTM social networks more than males. These findings suggest that patterns of interpersonal relationships for MPTM social networks corresponded to Matsuda’s (2000) selective interpersonal relationship theory.
Resilience Processes in Adolescents: Personality Profiles, Self-Worth, and Coping

Trends in resilience research are shifting from identifying characteristics of children who are resilient in the face of adversity to identifying processes that promote resilience under normative conditions. The authors examined the potential for different associations of two correlates of resilience (self-worth and coping) with a third (personality dimensions). Specifically, the authors used cluster analysis to identify three discrete personality profiles using data from 181 11th-grade students (48% male, 78% White). Discriminant function analysis was then used to investigate the association of these three personality profiles with two variables that have characterized resilient youth: self-worth and coping. Consistent with prior research, the combination of being extroverted, agreeable, and open to new experiences was associated with high self-worth. Additionally, positive coping was also associated with compensatory mechanisms for adolescents who were high on disagreeableness and emotional instability. These findings suggest that there may be different compensatory mechanisms operating for adolescents with different personality profiles.
Feeling like part of a team

Prior research has established the importance of co-parenting for child outcomes, yet little is known about how co-parenting influences parents themselves. The current study expands on the prior literature by examining an important aspect of co-parenting, perceived parenting agreement, and exploring the longitudinal association of perceived parenting agreement with new parents’ depression, positive affect, and relationship satisfaction during the transition to parenthood. Using a dyadic approach, results indicated there were significant actor effects of parenting agreement on both mothers’ and fathers’ mental health outcomes, such that greater agreement predicted better subsequent mental health. Perceived parenting agreement was also significantly associated with subsequent relationship satisfaction for mothers only, such that greater perceived agreement by both the mother (actor effect) and the father (partner effect) predicted greater subsequent maternal relationship satisfaction. Our results suggest perceptions of parenting agreement are important for new parents’ mental health and maternal relationship satisfaction during the transition to parenthood.
Proteome-wide analyses of human hepatocytes during differentiation and dedifferentiation

Failure to predict hepatotoxic drugs in preclinical testing makes it imperative to develop better liver models with a stable phenotype in culture. Stem cell‐derived models offer promise, with differentiated hepatocyte‐like cells currently considered to be “fetal‐like” in their maturity. However, this judgment is based on limited biomarkers or transcripts and lacks the required proteomic datasets that directly compare fetal and adult hepatocytes. Here, we quantitatively compare the proteomes of human fetal liver, adult hepatocytes, and the HepG2 cell line. In addition, we investigate the proteome changes in human fetal and adult hepatocytes when cultured in a new air‐liquid interface format compared to conventional submerged extracellular matrix sandwich culture. From albumin and urea secretion, and luciferase‐based cytochrome P450 activity, adult hepatocytes were viable in either culture model over 2 weeks. The function of fetal cells was better maintained in the air‐liquid interface system. Strikingly, the proteome was qualitatively similar across all samples but hierarchical clustering showed that each sample type had a distinct quantitative profile. HepG2 cells more closely resembled fetal than adult hepatocytes. Furthermore, clustering showed that primary adult hepatocytes cultured at the air‐liquid interface retained a proteome that more closely mimicked their fresh counterparts than conventional culture, which acquired myofibroblast features. Principal component analysis extended these findings and identified a simple set of proteins, including cytochrome P450 2A6, glutathione S transferase P, and alcohol dehydrogenases as specialized indicators of hepatocyte differentiation. Conclusion: Our quantitative datasets are the first that directly compare multiple human liver cells, define a model for enhanced maintenance of the hepatocyte proteome in culture, and provide a new protein “toolkit” for determining human hepatocyte maturity in cultured cells. (Hepatology 2013;58:799–809)
Sn Wears Super Skin: A New Design for Long Cycling Batteries.

Searching for new anode alternatives in lieu of graphite for lithium-ion batteries that can deliver better electrochemical performance to meet the emerging energy/power demands in electric vehicles becomes particularly challenging. We report a rationally designed hybrid composite as anode in LIB that exhibits a greatly improved gravimetric capacity of 727 mAh/g with a Coulombic efficiency of >99.8% after 3000 cycles at 1.0 C. A capacity of 662 mAh/g at a high rate of 5.0 C was obtained after impressively long 10 000 cycles. From the 50th to 10 000th cycle under 5.0 C, the capacity retention is >97% with a negligible decay of <0.00026% per cycle. The excellence in electrochemistry is attributed to the efficient stress relax, accommodable space, lack of agglomeration, and solid-electrolyte interphase consuming Li+ of a delicate composite configuration that is composed of a Sn kernel wearing adjustable TiO2 "skin".
THE CUT-OFF POINT IN SUB-CLINICAL OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE RESEARCH

The question of which cut-off point would be more appropriate in the selection of sub-clinical obsessive-compulsive (OC) samples is an important methodological issue that has not been formally addressed, hence prompting the current study. Three groups of sub-clinical OC subjects, scoring 1, 1.5, and 2 standard deviations (SD) above the mean on the Padua Inventory, and a matched non-OC control group, were compared on various clinical and personality measures. As expected, the three sub-clinical groups had higher scores than the non-OC group on measures of OC symptoms (including obsessional slowness), depression, anxiety, and on personality measures of neuroticism, psychoticism, and obsessional traits. However, no significant differences were observed between the three sub-clinical groups on most measures, although the 2 SD group had higher scores on neuroticism and obsessional personality traits. It is concluded that a wide range of selection criteria can yield similar results that are interpretable within the current theoretical models of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is suggested that subjects with a diagnosis of OCD should be carefully excluded from sub-clinical studies. [A Spanish abstract follows the references. ]
Social Networks and the International Student Experience

An implicit perception of international students is that they have difficulty in becoming involved in social exchange with other students who do not share their “culture” and language. This picture of a group of students isolated and disadvantaged by their lack of contact with “UK culture” is questioned in this article. Data from a recent research project suggests that international students form a strong international community that supports their learning and provides them with a supportive learning environment. Thus, contrary to perceptions, the strength of this international community challenges the view that international students need to develop social and academic exchange with UK students to get the most from their university experience. The international community of practice described here presents a picture of a more positive and active international student experience, with international students as the providers of support and knowledge within a supportive and purposeful student community.
Replicating Cluster Analysis: Method, Consistency, and Validity.

To replicate a cluster analysis, clusters must first be described in terms of an objective classification rule. The effectiveness of three rules (nearest neighbor classification, nearest centroid assignment, and quadratic discriminant analysis) for replicating Ward's algorithm (Ward, 1963) is evaluated by Monte Carlo study. Consistent replication links clusters and their replicas identically over alternative cross-validation sequences (i.e., A replicates B, B replicates A) and is associated with recovery of known clusters. Replication using nearest neighbor classification results in superior goodness-of-fit, more frequent consistent replication, and significant prediction of recovery. Although moderate or greater replication dentoes good recovery, replication is not a necessary condition of recovery of true clusters.
Guided bone regeneration around titanium plasma-sprayed, acid-etched, and hydroxyapatite-coated implants in the canine model.

BACKGROUND Endosseous dental implants with rough surfaces have been designed to improve early healing, especially in areas of poor bone or insufficient bone quantity. The aim of this study was to histomorphometrically assess the bone-to-implant contact on 3 different rough-surfaced implants following guided bone regeneration. METHODS Mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted in 12 dogs, and healing was allowed for 6 months. Six implant osteotomy sites were prepared, 3 per side, followed by the creation of 7.3 mm wide by 5 mm deep surgical defects in the coronal section of the osteotomy sites. Ten-mm long titanium screw-type implants with titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), hydroxyapatite-coated (HA), or acid-etched (AE) surfaces were placed; the surrounding defects were filled with canine demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft; implants/grafts were covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes; and the tissue was closed. Following a healing period of 4 months, the animals were sacrificed and mandibular blocks were harvested for histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS The mean percentage of bone-to-implant contact in the defect and non-defect areas for the different implant surfaces was: AE 16.24% defect, and 28.78% non-defect; TPS 25.08% defect, and 16.96% non-defect; and HA 48.25% defect and 26.60% non-defect. Within the defect, the mean difference in the bone-to-implant contact was significant for HA compared to TPS (P < 0.0001) and HA versus AE (P < 0.0001); TPS versus AE was not significant (P = 0.063). In the non-defect areas, the mean difference in the bone-to-implant contact was significant for AE versus TPS (P = 0.010); all other comparisons were not significant. There were 18 membrane exposures in the 72 implant sites. Data were analyzed again to assess the impact of membrane complications. Using a 1-way analysis of variance, the bone-to-implant contact was compared between the sites with and without membrane complications. No significant differences were seen in the defect areas or in the non-defect areas between the sites with and without membrane complications. CONCLUSION In this study, the bone-to-implant contact in regenerated bone was greatest when an HA-coated implant was used.
Obligatory role of hyperaemia and shear stress in microvascular adaptation to repeated heating in humans

The endothelium, a single layer of cells lining the entire circulatory system, plays a key role in maintaining vascular health. Endothelial dysfunction independently predicts cardiovascular events and improvement in endothelial function is associated with decreased vascular risk. Previous studies have suggested that exercise training improves endothelial function in macrovessels, a benefit mediated via repeated episodic increases in shear stress. However, less is known of the effects of shear stress modulation in microvessels. In the present study we examined the hypothesis that repeated skin heating improves cutaneous microvascular vasodilator function via a shear stress‐dependent mechanism. We recruited 10 recreationally active males who underwent bilateral forearm immersion in warm water (42°C), 3 times per week for 30 min. During these immersion sessions, shear stress was manipulated in one arm by inflating a pneumatic cuff to 100 mmHg, whilst the other arm remained uncuffed. Vasodilatation to local heating, a NO‐dependent response assessed using laser Doppler, improved across the 8 week intervention period in the uncuffed arm (cutaneous vascular conductance week 0 vs. week 4 at 41°C: 1.37 ± 0.45 vs. 2.0 ± 0.91 units, P= 0.04; 42°C: 2.06 ± 0.45 vs. 2.68 ± 0.83 units; P= 0.04), whereas no significant changes were evident in the cuffed arm. We conclude that increased blood flow, and the likely attendant increase in shear stress, is a key physiological stimulus for enhancing microvascular vasodilator function in humans.
An Exploration into Depression-Focused and Anger-Focused Rumination in Relation to Depression in a Student Population

Research has shown an important link between depression and rumination. This study set out to explore depression-focused rumination and anger-focused rumination in relation to shame and entrapment, and depression. 166 undergraduate students completed a battery of self-report questionnaires measuring current depression, rumination on depressive symptoms, rumination on anger, and the frequency of shame-focused and entrapment-focused thoughts. Both depression-focused and anger-focused rumination were related to depression, and to the frequency of shame and entrapment thoughts. In a mediational model, the link between depression-focused rumination and depression was partially mediated by feeling trapped by, and wanting to escape from, one's thoughts and feelings. Thus the link between rumination and depression is complex. Although rumination may contribute to depression by generating a spiral of negative thinking and negative feeling, feeling trapped and unable to control one's rumination, and being flight motivated, may add a further dimension to the depressogenic qualities of rumination.
The Mode of Interaction of the Relaxin-like Factor (RLF) with the Leucine-rich Repeat G Protein-activated Receptor 8*

The relaxin-like factor (RLF, also named INSL3) is a critical component in the chain of events that lead to the normal positioning of the gonads in the male fetus. RLF and relaxin share features of the secondary structure to the extent that relaxin cross-reacts with the LGR8, the RLF receptor. Although both hormones interact with their receptors essentially via the B chain, the sharply defined binding cassette of relaxin is not present in RLF. Structure and function analysis of RLF derivatives with single amino acid replacements revealed that the most important binding residues are tryptophan B27, followed by arginine B16 and valine B19. Single alanine replacements for each individual position resulted in a relative receptor affinity of 4.0% (B16), 6.1% (B19), and 0.5% (B27). Tryptophan B27 is located on an extended structure, and arginine B16 and valine B19 are positioned on the exposed surface of the B chain helix. The 3 residues could be brought together to form a contiguous binding area if the C-terminal end of the B chain were free to fold back against the central portion of the B chain helix. Such a movement depends critically on the flexibility of the C-terminal end, which is controlled by positions B23–25. In as much as these major binding residues seem hardly sufficient to explain the strong binding of RLF to LGR8 we searched for and found an extended region where little contributions by individual residues added up to a strong receptor affinity. This mode of interaction could drive the binding energy sufficiently high to account for the picomolar binding constant of RLF and its receptor.
Future employment selection methods: evaluating social networking web sites

Purpose – The use of social networking web sites (SNWs), like Facebook and MySpace, has become extremely popular, particularly with today's emerging workforce. Employers, aware of this phenomenon, have begun to use the personal information available on SNWs to make hiring decisions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of using applicant personal information currently available on SNWs to improve employment selection decisions.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 378 judge ratings (63 raters×6 subjects) are evaluated to determine if raters can reliably and accurately determine the big‐five personality traits, intelligence, and performance based only on information available on SNWs. Interrater reliability is assessed to determine rater consistency, followed by an assessment of rater accuracy.Findings – Based solely on viewing social networking profiles, judges are consistent in their ratings across subjects and typically able to accurately distinguish high from low performers. In ad.
The Effects of Programme Context on Memory for Humorous Television Commercials: Effects of programme context on memory for humorous TV commercials

This study investigated the effects of programme context on memory for humorous television advertisements in South Korean participants. Humorous and non-humorous Korean advertisements were embedded within two programme contexts; humorous and nonhumorous. When the programme ratings of humour, enjoyment and involvement were higher, unaided recall was poorer. In addition, unaided recall of the advertisements was better when they were embedded within a non-humorous programme. However, there was no significant programme-advertisement interaction effect. Overall, both free and cued-recall were higher for humorous advertisements than for the non-humorous advertisements. The findings are
Borderland Worries: Loyalty Oaths in Acadie /Nova Scotia, 1654-1755

<p>A l'époque moderne, les rois et leurs officiers s'inquiétaient de la fidélité de leurs sujets à la couronne. Pour adresser ce souci, ils utilisaient souvent des serments. Une histoire bien connue relate comment, dans la région frontière de l'Acadie/Nova Scotia entre 1713 et 1755, les autorités britanniques à Annapolis Royal et à Halifax essayaient de convaincre les Acadiens à jurer un serment de fidélité inconditionnelle, une tentative qui se termina avec la déportation massive de milliers d'Acadiens à partir de 1755. Cet article ne se concentre pas sur cet épisode familier, mais sur maints autres serments de fidélité appliqués ou discutés pendant la période tourmentée entre le milieu du dix-septième siècle et le milieu du dix-huitième. Les Britanniques n'étaient pas le seul pouvoir à utiliser des serments ou à penser à les employer vis-à-vis des Acadiens; les gens de la Nouvelle-Angleterre et les Français eux-mêmes en faisaient autant. Pendant un siècle, par conséquent, la fidélité des Acadiens se trouvait le sujet d'une attention profonde de la part de toutes les autorités impériales. </p>
The Motivational Benefits of Homework: A Social-Cognitive Perspective

This article argues that, as a pedagogical practice, homework plays a critical, long-term role in the development of children's achievement motivation. Homework provides children with time and experience to develop positive beliefs about achievement, as well as strategies for coping with mistakes, difficulties, and setbacks. This article reviews current research on achievement motivation and examines the ways parents and teachers encourage or inhibit the development of adaptive beliefs about learning. It then integrates the literature on homework and achievement motivation and shows that homework's motivational benefits, while not named as such, have been in evidence for some time. Finally, the article argues that homework is a vital means by which children can receive the training they need to become mature learners.