Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Individual Vessel Quotas in the British Columbia Halibut Fishery

Implementation of individual vessel quotas (IVQs) in the British Columbia halibut fishery has provided a unique opportunity to examine the effects of this management technique on a previously intense "derby" fishery. This paper describes the changes that have occurred in the fishery since the introduction of individual vessel quotas in 1991. The results presented here are largely based on the findings of two surveys. In September 1993, we conducted in-depth interviews with most of the major halibut processors in British Columbia. These processors reported significant changes in the processing and marketing of halibut. In Spring 1994, we conducted a mail survey of all 435 licensed halibut fishermen. The survey consisted of several series of questions designed to measure changes in fishing operations (crew size, fishing practices, etc.), quota leasing activities, changes in fishing income, and opinions about the effects of IVQs. The results presented here provide important information about the effects of the British Columbia halibut IVQ program to date and will be useful for comparison to similar management programs implemented elsewhere.
The Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on Commodity Prices: New Evidence from High-Frequency Scanner Data

Using high-frequency point-of-sales data, we investigate the impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on prices. In contrast to the official Consumer Price Index that shows little impact, our price index based on scanner data reveals a modest yet notable increase in within-store commodity prices following the disaster in eastern Japan. We find that the disaster had a large and lasting effect in reducing the frequency and magnitude of bargain sales at retail stores especially in Tokyo. However, under severe commodity shortages, the standard index based on within-store same-commodity price changes may not capture the actual changes in the cost of living. To overcome this problem, we propose two alternative price indices based on (1) commodity price without distinguishing stores and (2) unit price without distinguishing commodities (i.e., brands) within the same category. Focusing on the food categories for which the disaster induced large excess demand, we find that rise in the alternative price indices was considerably greater than that in the standard price index. We further show that observed price elasticity between stores (as well as between brands) declined significantly after the disaster, indicating that, in the face of commodity shortages, the same commodity sold at different stores (or even different brands within the same category) became closer substitutes for consumers.
Prediction of trust relationship based on subjective logic

In social network, trust relationship between two users depends on the trustors opinion about the trustee, and the opinion contains uncertainty, but previous researches did not pay much attention to the uncertainty. Subjective logic is suitable for modeling and analyzing situations involving uncertainty and incomplete knowledge. This paper proposes a method of predicting trust relationship based on subjective logic. Regarding to users typical activities in social network, four types of subjective opinion are defined reflecting different aspects, and non-linear functions are used to map observed values to belief extent. The experimental results on the extended Epinions dataset show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of trust relationship prediction.
Deciphering the Actions of Antiparkinsonian and Antipsychotic Drugs on cAMP/DARPP-32 Signaling

The basal ganglia are affected by several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, many of which are treated with drugs acting on the dopamine system. For instance, the loss of dopaminergic input to the striatum, which is the main pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease, is counteracted by administering the dopamine precursor, L-DOPA. Furthermore, psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia, are treated with drugs that act as antagonists at the D2-type of dopamine receptor (D2R). The use of L-DOPA and typical antipsychotic drugs, such as haloperidol, is limited by the emergence of motor side-effects, particularly after prolonged use. Striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) represent an ideal tool to investigate the molecular changes implicated in these conditions. MSNs receive a large glutamatergic innervation from cortex, thalamus, and limbic structures, and are controlled by dopaminergic projections originating in the midbrain. There are two large populations of striatal MSNs, which differ based on their connectivity to the output nuclei of the basal ganglia and on their ability to express dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) or D2Rs. Administration of L-DOPA promotes cAMP signaling and activates the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32) in the D1R-expressing MSNs, which form the striatonigral, or direct pathway. Conversely, haloperidol activates the cAMP/DARPP-32 cascade in D2R-expressing MSNs, which form the striatopallidal, or indirect pathway. This review describes the effects produced on downstream effector proteins by stimulation of cAMP/DARPP-32 signaling in these two groups of MSNs. Particular emphasis is given to the regulation of the GluR1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate glutamate receptor, the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2, focusing on functional role and potential pathological relevance.
PREDICTORS OF THERAPEUTIC THEORETICAL ORIENTATION IN A VOCATIONAL CONTEXT

iii Acknowledgments. iv Chapter I.9 Introduction . 9 Chapter II . 18 Review of the Literature . 18 Vocational Identity.18 Theoretical Orientation . 25 Theoretical Orientation Development.33 Personality and Theoretical Orientation . 37 Holland Codes and Theoretical Orientation . 41 Current Study . 44 Chapter III . 47 Method . 47 Participants . 47 Procedures . 47 Measures . 48 Hypotheses . 52 Analyses . 54 Chapter IV . 57 Results . 57
A 5 GHz I/Q Phase-tunable CMOS LC Quadrature VCO (PT-QVCO) for Analog Phase Calibrated Receiver Architectures

This paper presents a 5-GHz phase-tunable I/Q signal generator in a 0.18 mum RF CMOS process based on the parallel cross-coupling of two -GM LC VCOs (QVCO). The proposed circuit achieves an ultra-wide I/Q phase tuning range without affecting the relative amplitude error or consuming additional power or chip area. Additionally, in restoring the phase balance, it is observed that the proposed method improves phase noise performance. Time domain measurements show that the two VCOs, prior to phase tuning, are quadrature locked with a 0.8deg phase imbalance and 1.4% relative amplitude error. In agreement with previously developed analysis, I/Q signals with phase error up to ~plusmn30 , beyond which the VCO cores are unlocked, can be driven to perfect quadrature phase. The PT-QVCO can be tuned from 3.87-4.45 GHz for the negative mode, and 4.4-5.4 GHz for the positive mode, a total of ~1.5 GHz. The fabricated circuit including pad structures occupies an area of 1.1 times 0.7 mm2 and drains 18mW (excluding buffer circuits) from a 1.8 V supply voltage
International competition and labor market interactions in developed countries

The subject of this thesis is the impact of international competition on the product and the labor markets in developed countries. In the first part, price-cost margins are shown to converge across both sectors and countries since the seventies, consistent with deeper economic integration and improved capital market efficiency. However, in contrast to the expected effect of increased competition, the convergence does not take place at the bottom, but results from the joint decrease in initially high margins and increase in initially low margins. Further empirical investigation reveals that import competition and domestic product deregulation have significantly reduced market power, but that these effects have been mostly offset, on average, by the positive impacts on markups of exports, financial deepening and disinflation. The second part deals with the interactions between globalization and the labor market. Beyond its direct effects on employment and wages, globalization might transform the structure of the labor market. Based on UK firm-level data, markups and workers' bargaining power are estimated to have decreased in the mid-nineties. Evidence is provided that supports the idea that trade might curtail market power in the product as well as in the labor markets. Next, trade with developing countries is shown to have a significant, albeit moderate, impact on deindustrialization in developed countries, contributing on average a fifth of the decline in manufacturing employment share since the seventies. Finally, a theoretical model integrating labor market imperfections into a geographical economic framework is proposed, to show how capital and trade liberalization can put pressure on labor market institutions. Capital mobility and falling trade costs render more difficult the endorsement of labor market regulation and induce social partners to deregulate under the threat of relocations.
Why Does Cell Implementation Stop? Factors Influencing Cell Penetration in Manufacturing Plants

There is little understanding as to why firms have various degrees of cell usage. The intent of this study was to identify factors that had arrested continued implementation of cells at surveyed manufacturing plants. We found no dominant factor that had prevented the firms from continued cellularization. However, by sub‐dividing the plants into those with low and high degrees of direct labor hours spent in cells, short and long experience with cells, and those with and without plans for further cells, a clearer pattern emerged. The inability to find families with high and stable demand, lack of time to implement more cells, the existence of service processes, and the difficulty of cost justifying new cells were the most important factors, although their relative importance varied. The findings support the notion that cellular manufacturing has broad applicability as a form of work organization and that cell users pursue further implementations until no more viable cells with sufficient utilization, demand stability, or economic value can be found.
FoxG1 Promotes the Survival of Postmitotic Neurons

The transcription factor FoxG1 regulates neurogenesis in the embryonic telencephalon as well as a number of other neurodevelopmental processes. While FoxG1 continues to be expressed in neurons postnatally and through adulthood, its role in fully differentiated neurons is not known. The current study demonstrates that FoxG1 promotes the survival of postmitotic neurons. In cerebellar granule neurons primed to undergo apoptosis, FoxG1 expression is reduced. Ectopic expression of FoxG1 blocks neuronal death, whereas suppression of its expression induces death in otherwise healthy neurons. The first 36 residues of FoxG1 are necessary for its survival-promoting effect, while the C-terminal half of the protein is dispensable. Mutation of Asp219, a residue necessary for DNA binding, abrogates survival promotion by FoxG1. Survival promotion is also eliminated by mutation of Thr271, a residue phosphorylated by Akt. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt blocks the survival effects of wild-type FoxG1 but not forms in which Thr271 is replaced with phosphomimetic residues. Treatment of neurons with IGF-1, a neurotrophic factor that promotes neuronal survival by activating Akt, prevents the apoptosis-associated downregulation of FoxG1 expression. Moreover, the overexpression of dominant-negative forms of FoxG1 blocks the ability of IGF-1 to maintain neuronal survival suggesting that FoxG1 is a downstream mediator of IGF-1/Akt signaling. Our study identifies a new and important function for FoxG1 in differentiated neurons.
E-Selectin in Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in the Rat

The selectin family of glycoproteins facilitates the early phase of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial cell and, thus, may promote ischemic cell damage. To evaluate E-selectin in the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury, we cloned rat E-selectin cDNA and measured the temporal profiles E-selectin mRNA (Northern blot) and protein (immunohistochemistry) during (1 h of ischemia) and after (up to 1 week) transient (2 h) middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in the male Wistar rat. We also tested the effect on these rats of administration of CY-1503, an analog of sialyl Lewisx (SLex), on ischemia cell damage. mRNA for E-selectin was first detected in the ischemic hemisphere at 2 h of reperfusion and persisted to 46 h of reperfusion. E-selectin (protein) was localized to microvessels within the ischemic lesion at 0 h of reperfusion and persisted to 70 h of reperfusion. Treatment of the ischemic animals with CY-1503 (50 mg/kg) (n = 8) significantly reduced infarct volume by 42% (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced myeloperoxidase immunoreactive cells in the ischemic lesion by 60% (p < 0.05). These findings provide the first direct evidence for the involvement of E-selectin in transient MCA occlusion in rats and suggest that the E-selectin may facilitate neutrophil adhesion and subsequent cerebral ischemic cell damage.
Current Hot Potatoes in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has evolved to the treatment of choice for patients with drug-resistant and symptomatic AF. Pulmonary vein isolation at the ostial or antral level usually is sufficient for treatment of true paroxysmal AF. For persistent AF ablation, drivers and perpetuators outside of the pulmonary veins are responsible for AF maintenance and have to be targeted to achieve satisfying arrhythmia-free success rate. Both complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CFAE) ablation and linear ablation are added to pulmonary vein isolation for persistent AF ablation. Nevertheless, ablation failure and necessity of repeat ablations are still frequent, especially after persistent AF ablation. Pulmonary vein reconduction is the main reason for arrhythmia recurrence after paroxysmal and to a lesser extent after persistent AF ablation. Failure of persistent AF ablation mostly is a consequence of inadequate trigger ablation, substrate modification or incompletely ablated or reconducting linear lesions. In this review we will discuss these points responsible for AF recurrence after ablation and review current possibilities on how to overcome these limitations.
An Analytic Model of Galactic Winds and Mass Outflows

Galactic winds and mass outflows are observed both in nearby starburst galaxies and in high-redshift star-forming galaxies. We develop a simple analytic model to understand the observed superwind phenomenon with a discussion of the model uncertainties. Our model is built upon the model of McKee & Ostriker for the interstellar medium. It allows one to predict how properties of a superwind, such as wind velocity and mass outflow rate, are related to properties of its star-forming host galaxy, such as size, gas density and star formation rate. The model predicts a threshold of star formation rate density for the generation of observable galactic winds. Galaxies with more concentrated star formation activities produce superwinds with higher velocities. The predicted mass outflow rates are comparable to (or slightly larger than) the corresponding star formation rates. We apply our model to both local starburst galaxies and high-redshift Lyman break galaxies, and find its predictions to be in good agreement with current observations. Our model is simple and so can be easily incorporated into numerical simulations and semi-analytical models of galaxy formation.
Student Portfolios: Opportunities for a Revolution in Assessment.

>► Projects rather than items, a choice of depth over breadth; validity supersedes reliability as conventionally defined. >► Informed judgment rather than mechanical scoring; the teacher replaces the Scantron in the assessment process. Theory seems far in advance of practice. Teachers are reportedly "doing portfolios," reviewing student projects, encouraging exhibitions (Harp, 1 99 1 ; Murphy & Smith, 1991; Smith, 1991; Tierney, Carter, & Desai, 1991). Psychometricians seem uneasy about these developments, uncertain about how to standardize performance, concerned about reliability and validity (Hambleton & Murphy, 1991). Articles in Education Week and Educational
Amygdala Neurons Mediate Acquisition But Not Maintenance of Instrumental Avoidance Behavior in Rabbits

Whereas the amygdala is generally understood to be involved in aversively motivated learning, the specific associative function of the amygdala remains controversial. This study addressed the amygdalar role in mediation of discriminative instrumental avoidance learning of rabbits. Bilateral microinjection of the GABA receptor agonist muscimol centered in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala was given to inactivate amygdalar neurons at each of three stages of acquisition. The absence of behavioral learning in rabbits trained immediately after amygdalar inactivation confirmed previous results with electrolytic lesions. The absence of savings during training after muscimol had become ineffective indicated an amygdalar role in the establishment of acquisition-relevant neural plasticity, not simply in the expression of the learned response. A time-limited role of the amygdala in instrumental avoidance learning was indicated by the finding that intra-amygdalar muscimol failed to disrupt performance of the well-established avoidance response. The passage of time alone (with no training trials) was sufficient to reduce amygdalar involvement in response performance. These results and demonstrations that other limbic system areas make time-limited contributions to learning indicate that the amygdala is part of a larger intermediate memory system that supports learning and performance before habit consolidation.
Vitamin D Metabolism Is Altered in Asian Indians in the Southern United States: a Clinical Research Center Study* Skin Fibroblast Studies

Asian Indians who immigrate to northern Europe have lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] than Caucasians, and they develop vitamin D deficiency, rickets, and osteomalacia. We investigated vitamin D metabolism, the effects of 25(OH)D 3 on vitamin D metabolism and activity of 25(OH)D-24-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme for degradation of 25(OH)D, from cultured skin fibro-blasts of Asian Indians and compared them with cultured skin fibro-blasts of Caucasians in the southern United States. Normal subjects, ages 20 – 40 yr, were admitted to a metabolic ward for 2.5 days and given a daily diet containing 400 mg calcium and 900 mg phosphorus. Serum vitamin D, serum 25(OH)D, urinary calcium, and urinary phosphorus were significantly lower, whereas serum immunoreactive intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D [1,25(OH) 2 D] were significantly higher in Asian Indians than in Caucasians. Administration of 25(OH)D 3 increased serum 25(OH)D and urinary calcium but did not change serum PTH or serum 1,25(OH) 2 D in Asian Indians. In cultured skin fibroblasts, E max and V max of 25(OH)D-24-hydroxylase activity were significantly higher in Asian Indians. In summary, in Asian Indians serum vitamin D and 25(OH)D are markedly reduced, altered vitamin D metabolism is only partially reversed by 25(OH)D 3 , and 25(OH)D-24-hydroxylase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts is markedly increased. Thus, Asian Indians residing in the U.S. are at risk for developing vitamin D deficiency, rickets, and osteomalacia. A SIAN Indians and Pakistanis who migrate away from the equator develop vitamin D deficiency (1–5), rick-Asian Indians, low serum 25(OH)D is associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism (1, 9), and increased serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) may be a highly sensitive indicator of occult osteomalacia (11). Vitamin D deficiency in the Asian Indian immigrant population is attributed to reduced intake of vitamin D (3, 7, 8), increased skin pigmentation (12), consumption of a vegetarian diet (2, 5, 10), and limited exposure to sunlight (13). Vitamin D deficiency, rickets, and osteomalacia can be treated and prevented by vitamin D in daily doses of 400 to 3,000 IU (4, 9, 10, 13, 14). The present study was carried out to determine vitamin D status and whether the vitamin D-endocrine system is altered in Asian Indians living in the southern United States. Materials and Methods Subjects Twenty-seven normal Caucasian and eighteen normal Asian Indian men and women ranging in age from 20 – 40 yr were studied. Subjects were admitted to the General …
Indian Consumers’ Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behavioural Responses towards Advertising on Social Networking Sites

Advertising is an important facet of marketing of a product or a company. The marketers are using myriad ways to influence the consumers’ purchase behaviour. One of the latest trends is advertising on social networking sites. This study is an attempt to examine the beliefs, attitudes and responses towards advertisements on social networking sites. For this study, structured questionnaire was administered on a sample of 150 post-graduate students. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to analyze the factors and relationships among them. The research revealed a positive impact of informativeness, entertainment, credibility and user-generated-content belief factors on attitudes and behaviour of respondents. The findings also suggested that user-generated content had significant impact on attitude and behaviour responses towards advertising on social networking sites. It was also found that attitude towards advertising on social networking sites played a mediating role between social media advertising beliefs and behavioural responses of consumers.
A Mobile Robots Experimental Environment with Event-Based Wireless Communication

An experimental platform to communicate between a set of mobile robots through a wireless network has been developed. The mobile robots get their position through a camera which performs as sensor. The video images are processed in a PC and a Waspmote card sends the corresponding position to each robot using the ZigBee standard. A distributed control algorithm based on event-triggered communications has been designed and implemented to bring the robots into the desired formation. Each robot communicates to its neighbors only at event times. Furthermore, a simulation tool has been developed to design and perform experiments with the system. An example of usage is presented.