Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Resident-as-Teacher Curriculum to Improve Residents' Integration Into the Clinic.

Introduction Graduate medical education depends on senior residents to facilitate peer education. Previous studies have described the benefits of resident-as-teacher (RaT) curricula; however, means of assessing these interventions have proven difficult. The purpose of this study was to provide meaningful evaluation of a novel RaT curriculum and scribing activity. Methods Didactic sessions on teaching skills were presented in July, 2017. First- and third-year residents then alternated scribing for each other for 4 weeks within the outpatient clinic to allow for near-peer educational exchange. Residents' attitudes toward teaching and perceptions of teaching abilities were assessed using preand postintervention surveys. Independent reviewers reviewed charts completed by PGY-1 residents during the scribing activity, and compared them to charts from the previous academic year. Results All first-year (n=12; 100%) and third-year (n=10; 100%) residents participated in the study. After participating in the RaT curriculum, residents were more comfortable giving feedback to other residents and felt better prepared to teach and assess the effectiveness of their teaching. Although there was no significant difference in ratings between the 2016 and 2017 charts, reviewers noted that the 2017 charts contained fewer obvious omissions, and third-year residents felt the charts were completed in a timelier manner. First-year residents saw 16% more patients in 2017 than they had in 2016, which expedited integration into the clinic. Conclusion This innovative RaT curriculum with scribing activity improved residents' teaching and communication skills and provided first-year residents with a more efficient and meaningful orientation into the outpatient clinic.
Information and Organizations

From the Publisher: An ambitous new work by a well-respected sociologist, Information and Organizations offers a bold new perspective on the dynamics of organizations. Stinchcombe contends that the "information problem" and the concept of "uncertainty" provide the key to understanding how organizations function in a delightful mix of large theoretical insights and vivid anecdotal material.
Virtual reality based rehabilitation speeds up functional recovery of the upper extremities after stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study in the acute phase of stroke using the rehabilitation gaming system.

PURPOSE Given the incidence of stroke, the need has arisen to consider more self-managed rehabilitation approaches. A promising technology is Virtual Reality (VR). Thus far, however, it is not clear what the benefits of VR systems are when compared to conventional methods. Here we investigated the clinical impact of one such system, the Rehabilitation Gaming System (RGS), on the recovery time course of acute stroke. RGS combines concepts of action execution and observation with an automatic individualization of training. METHODS. Acute stroke patients (n = 8) used the RGS during 12 weeks in addition to conventional therapy. A control group (n = 8) performed a time matched alternative treatment, which consisted of intense occupational therapy or non-specific interactive games. RESULTS. At the end of the treatment, between-group comparisons showed that the RGS group displayed significantly improved performance in paretic arm speed that was matched by better performance in the arm subpart of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Test and the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory. In addition, the RGS group presented a significantly faster improvement over time for all the clinical scales during the treatment period. CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest that rehabilitation with the RGS facilitates the functional recovery of the upper extremities and that this system is therefore a promising tool for stroke neurorehabilitation.
Effects of Emotion and Age on Cognitive Control in a Stroop Task

Research indicates that cognitive control is affected by aging and by emotion. However, no studies have addressed whether performance in an emotional Stroop task varies in older relative to younger adults. We examined the effect of aging in a classic Stroop color-naming task (Experiment 1) and in an emotional Stroop task using faces (Experiment 2). Results suggest that aging is associated with changes in cognitive control but that older adults benefit more than younger adults from positive information in an emotional Stroop paradigm.
Allium sativum L. Improves Visual Memory and Attention in Healthy Human Volunteers

Studies have shown that Allium sativum L. (AS) protects amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis, prevents oxidative insults to neurons and synapses, and thus prevent Alzheimer's disease progression in experimental animals. However, there is no experimental evidence in human regarding its putative role in memory and cognition. We have studied the effect of AS consumption by healthy human volunteers on visual memory, verbal memory, attention, and executive function in comparison to control subjects taking placebo. The study was conducted over five weeks and twenty volunteers of both genders were recruited and divided randomly into two groups: A (AS) and B (placebo). Both groups participated in the 6 computerized neuropsychological tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) twice: at the beginning and after five weeks of the study. We found statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in several parameters of visual memory and attention due to AS ingestion. We also found statistically nonsignificant (p > 0.05) beneficial effects on verbal memory and executive function within a short period of time among the volunteers. Study for a longer period of time with patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases might yield more relevant results regarding the potential therapeutic role of AS.
New Estimates of Incidence of Encephalitis in England

Encephalitis causes high rates of illness and death, yet its epidemiology remains poorly understood. To improve incidence estimates in England and inform priority setting and treatment and prevention strategies, we used hospitalization data to estimate incidence of infectious and noninfectious encephalitis during 2005–2009. Hospitalization data were linked to a dataset of extensively investigated cases of encephalitis from a prospective study, and capture–recapture models were applied. Incidence was estimated from unlinked hospitalization data as 4.32 cases/100,000 population/year. Capture–recapture models gave a best estimate of encephalitis incidence of 5.23 cases/100,000/year, although the models’ indicated incidence could be as high as 8.66 cases/100,000/year. This analysis indicates that the incidence of encephalitis in England is considerably higher than previously estimated. Therefore, encephalitis should be a greater priority for clinicians, researchers, and public health officials.
Trustworthiness: A key Factor for Adoption Models of e-Government Services in Developing Countries

Implementing e-Government services in many countries has been done and developed over the past decades. These countries are enjoying the benefits of using new technologies instead of the traditional ones, but there are evidences that there are differences in taking the advantages of using of the developments in the Internet and associated information and communication technologies in different countries. Developing countries have more problems in implementing the successful e-Government services and there is luck of practical studies on the issues of implementing e-Government services. One of the issues involving on successful implementation of e-Government services is the adoption of the services. Several adoption models were introduced in recent decades but these models are modifying regarding to the different situations and environments. One of the key factors that must be considered in many developing countries is trustworthiness. This paper argues that Trust of Government and Trust of Internet are two important factors presenting trustworthiness and five interviews with information technology (IT) managers in five public organizations in Iran has been done. These factors can be considered in future adoption models which are going to be used by organizations that are going to develop the e-Government services.
Yes-associated protein 1 promotes papillary thyroid cancer cell proliferation by activating the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway

Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) stimulates cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis in several cancers. Here, we investigated the involvement of YAP1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by assessing YAP1 mRNA and protein levels in PTC tissues and matched normal thyroid epithelial tissues from 50 patients. YAP1 mRNA and protein levels were higher in PTC tumor tissues than in control tissues, and correlated positively with the levels of proliferation-related genes (KI67 and c-MYC). We also used lentiviral vectors to overexpress or silence YAP1 expression in the K1 PTC cell line so that we could investigate the effects of YAP1 on cancer cell proliferation. YAP1 overexpression enhanced PTC cell proliferation by activating ERK1/2 and AKT, and these effects were impaired by treating the cells with the MEK inhibitor U0126 or the AKT inhibitor GSK690693. Finally, YAP1 overexpression dramatically induced growth of tumors from PTC cells in a xenograft mouse model. These results suggest that YAP1 enhances cell proliferation in PTC, and thus may be a promising target in the treatment of PTC.
Behavioral and Neuroimaging Evidence for a Contribution of Color and Texture Information to Scene Classification in a Patient with Visual Form Agnosia

A common notion is that object perception is a necessary precursor to scene perception. Behavioral evidence suggests, however, that scene perception can operate independently of object perception. Further, neuroimaging has revealed a specialized human cortical area for viewing scenes that is anatomically distinct from areas activated by viewing objects. Here we show that an individual with visual form agnosia, D.F. , who has a profound deficit in object recognition but spared color and visual texture perception, could still classify scenes and that she was fastest when the scenes were presented in the appropriate color. When scenes were presented as black-and-white images, she made a large number of errors in classification. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed selective activation in the parahippocampal place area (PPA) when D.F. viewed scenes. Unlike control observers, D.F. demonstrated higher activation in the PPA for scenes presented in the appropriate color than for black-and-white versions. The results demonstrate that an individual with profound form vision deficits can still use visual texture and color to classify scenesand that this intact ability is reflected in differential activation of the PPA with colored versions of scenes.
Technology Shocks and Labor Market Dynamics: Some Evidence and Theory

A positive technology shock may lead to a rise or a fall in per capita hours, depending on how hours enter the empirical VAR model. We provide evidence that, independent of how hours enter the VAR, a positive technology shock leads to a weak response in nominal wage inflation, a modest decline in price inflation, and a modest rise in the real wage in the short-run and a permanent rise in the long-run. We then examine the ability of several competing theories to account for this VAR evidence. Our preferred model features sticky prices, sticky nominal wages, and habit formation. The same model also does well in accounting for the labor market evidence in the post-Volcker period.
The Vocabulary Richness of Children’s Television in Ireland: A Cross-generational Comparison

This research investigates whether the vocabulary richness of children’s programming has changed over one generation, and therefore compares the programmes offered in 1992 to those offered in 2017. Three hours of programming were sourced, transcribed and coded using the Computerised Language Analysis (CLAN) software (MacWhinney, 1984). CLAN is a language analysis software originally developed for the purpose of analysing child language which allows for the detailed transcription and analysis of linguistic data, including statistical measures of lexical diversity (Pye & MacWhinney, 1994). The total words, words per minute, vocabulary diversity, total object, action, attribute and affective-state words as well as the total object, action, attribute and affective-state words spoken in the presence of a referent were calculated and compared for the programming. The vocabulary richness of children’s television has decreased over time. The number of words spoken in the presence of referents in the programming has increased over time, with this increase being significant for action and attribute words. This pattern of findings reflects a trend in children’s television towards the production of programmes of reduced lexical complexity which may facilitate children’s word learning.
Enrollment Management Administrators' Perceptions of Community College Student Retention Practices.

Enrollment Management Administrators’ Perceptions of Community College Student Retention Practices The purpose of this study was three-fold: (a) to determine the retention practices most frequently used by community colleges to retain full-time, associate degree-seeking students from their first-to-second year of enrollment as perceived by enrollment management administrators; (b) to determine the level of importance placed on these practices as perceived by enrollment management administrators; and, (c) to determine if differences exist between those practices most frequently used and those considered to be the most important when the enrollment size and campus geographic setting of the institution are considered. An online survey, developed by the researcher, was distributed to a sample of 269 community colleges that hold membership in the American Association of Community Colleges. Responses were received from 135 (51%) of those surveyed. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests were used to address the six primary research questions, with significance noted at p<. 05. Through ANOVA testing and the resulting analysis of data, six primary findings were established pertaining to the use of retention practices by community colleges and the rating of their importance by enrollment management administrators. The findings include: (a) there are certain retention practices used more frequently than others by community colleges to retain fulltime, associate degree-seeking students from their first-to-second year of enrollment, (b) there are certain retention practices deemed to be ‘very important’ in retaining these students as perceived by enrollment management administrators, ( c) there are no significant differences in the retention practices most frequently used when enrollment size is considered, (d) there are no significant differences in the retention practices most frequently used when the campus geographic setting is considered, (e) there are no significant differences in the retention practices considered to be ‘very important’ or ‘somewhat important’ when enrollment size is considered, and (f) there is a statistically significant difference in the retention practices considered to be ‘very important’ or ‘somewhat important’ when campus geographic setting is considered.
The TALP-UPC Approach to Tweet-Norm 2013

espanolEste articulo describe la metodologia utilizada por el equipo TALP- UPC en la tarea propuesta en SEPLN 2013 para la normalizacion de tweets (Tweet- Norm). El sistema usa una bateria de modulos para generar diferentes propuestas de correccion para cada palabra desconocida. La correccion definitiva se elige por votacion ponderada segun la precision de cada modulo. EnglishThis paper describes the methodology used by the TALP-UPC team for the SEPLN 2013 shared task of tweet normalization (Tweet-Norm). The system uses a set of modules that propose different corrections for each out-of-vocabulary word. The final correction is chosen by weighted voting according to each module accuracy.
Integrating Phrase-based Reordering Features into a Chart-based Decoder for Machine Translation

Hiero translation models have two limitations compared to phrase-based models: 1) Limited hypothesis space; 2) No lexicalized reordering model. We propose an extension of Hiero called PhrasalHiero to address Hiero’s second problem. Phrasal-Hiero still has the same hypothesis space as the original Hiero but incorporates a phrase-based distance cost feature and lexicalized reodering features into the chart decoder. The work consists of two parts: 1) for each Hiero translation derivation, find its corresponding discontinuous phrase-based path. 2) Extend the chart decoder to incorporate features from the phrase-based path. We achieve significant improvement over both Hiero and phrase-based baselines for ArabicEnglish, Chinese-English and GermanEnglish translation.
Evaluating Verb Subcategorisation Frames learned by a German Statistical Grammar against Manual Defi

The paper describes an extensive evaluation of computational large-scale verb subcategorisation by comparing subcategorisation frames induced from a German lexicaIised statistical grammar against manual verb definitions in the dictionary Duden - Das Stilworterbuch. We achieved an f-score of 62.30% on 3,090 verbs with a training corpus frequency between 10 and 2,000; ignoring prepositional phrases within the frame definitions resulted in an f-score of 72.05%. As to our knowledge, no former approach on automatic acquisition of verb subcategorisation has performed a comparably extensive evaluation. Our evaluation results justify the utilisation of the statistical grammar framework for obtaining a reliable subcategorisation lexicon for verbs. The lexical entries hold a potential for adding to and improving manual verb definitions.
Astrocyte and microglial activation in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of glaucomatous and optic nerve transected primates

Purpose To examine early cellular changes, including astrocyte reactivity and microglial activation, in the central nervous system (CNS) after unilateral optic nerve transection (ONT) or ocular hypertension (OHT) in monkeys. Methods Unilateral ONT or OHT was achieved in monkeys for periods ranging from two weeks to two months in duration. After intracardial perfusion, sections of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and visual cortex (V1) were examined by immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and CD11b, a subunit of the complement 3 receptor and marker of macrophage and microglia cells (MAC-1). Alternate serial sections were evaluated by cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry to assess metabolic activity. Results Both ONT and OHT caused a reduction in metabolic activity in the treated eye layers of the LGN and V1. GFAP and MAC-1 immunoreactivities were elevated in spatial register with the treated eye layers of the LGN and V1 in ONT animals. In the OHT animals, GFAP, but not MAC-1, immunoreactivity was elevated in spatial register with the treated eye layers of LGN and V1. Thus, during the first weeks after OHT or ONT, loss of metabolic activity was accompanied by astrocyte and microglial activation in the ONT group and astrocyte activation in the OHT animals. Conclusions These results suggest that unilateral OHT or ONT triggers separate signaling pathways that promote differential activation of CNS glial populations. Astrocyte reactivity was present in all brains studied and demonstrates the loss of metabolic activity is accompanied by increased GFAP immunoreactivity. Microglial activation was only observed in ONT brains. The lack of microglial activation as late as two months following OHT may represent a time window for early treatment to prevent long-term neuronal loss in the CNS after OHT.
The Day of the Week Effect in the Central European Transition Stock Markets

The study examines the presence of the day-of-the-week effect anomaly in the Central European stock markets. We consider the Romanian, Hungarian, Latvian, Czech, Russian, Slovak, Slovenian and Polish stock markets during the period September 22, 1997 to March 29, 2002. Our results indicated that the Czech and Romanian markets have significant negative Monday returns while the Slovenian market has significant positive Wednesday returns and has non-significant negative returns on Fridays. The Polish and Slovak markets have no day-of-the week effect anomaly. We applied the GARCH -M (1,1) model to test whether the day-of-the-week effect is influenced by the stock market risk.
Hierarchical planarity testing algorithms

Using hierarchical definitions, one can describe very large graphs in small space. The blow-up from the length of the hierarchical description to the size of the graph can be as large as exponential. If the efficiency of graph algorithms is measured in terms of the length of the hierarchical description rather than in terms of the graph size, algorithms that do not exploit the hierarchy become hopelessly inefficient. Whether the hierarchy can be exploited to speed up the solution of graph problems depends on the hierarchical graph model. In the literature, hierarchical graph models have been described that allow almost no exploitation of the hierarchy [ 16]. In this paper, a hierarchical graph model that permits taking advantage of the hierarchy is presented. For this model algorithms are given that test planarity of a hierarchically described graph in linear time in the length of the hierarchical description.
Understanding effective tactics in Australian football using network analysis

ABSTRACT Social network analysis (SNA) has been applied in soccer and basketball to assess how a team shares possession of the ball, which could be considered as an aspect of teamwork. The analysis of teamwork could provide the opportunity to identify tactical characteristics of team performance that are associated with winning. Ball possession data from each match in the 2009–2016 Australian Football League (AFL) seasons were analysed using SNA. Seven network measures (edge count, edge density, transitivity, average path length, degree centrality, betweenness centrality and eigenvector centrality) were derived. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were identified in the characteristics of teamwork (i.e. network measures) for each AFL team in the 2016 season. Further, the median value of all network measures was different between each AFL season (2009–2016). There were differences between teams that won and lost matches for all network measures and moderate relationships with score margin. Finally, there were weak correlations between all network measures and final ladder position. These results suggest that effective passing within a team is important and that a team should maximise the number of trios in their passing network. This work provides novel insights regarding optimal teamwork strategies in AF.