Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pro-environmental motivation and regulation to respect environmental laws as predictors of illegal anti-environmental behaviour / La motivación pro-ambiental y la motivación para respetar las leyes medioambientales como predictoras de la conducta anti-ecológica ilegal

Abstract Psychological research into illegal anti-environmental behaviour is scarce because this type of behaviour is difficult to analyse and conceptualize. Motivational variables and, in particular, regulation mechanisms can help to explain this type of environmentally significant behaviour. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship between pro-environmental motives and illegal anti-environmental behaviour. A total of 311 university students completed a questionnaire that included a Spanish translation of the Motivation Toward the Environment Scale, questions about illegal anti-environmental behaviour and regulation to respect environmental laws. The results indicate that the factor structure of the scale, obtained by means of confirmatory factor analysis, is the same as the one proposed by its authors. Furthermore, we ascertained that pro-environmental motives predict pro-environmental and also illegal anti-environmental behaviour, but that the percentage of explained variance is higher when using regulation to respect environmental laws.
Dynamic Cores in Hydrostatic Disguise

We discuss the column density profiles of "cores" in three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical simulations of turbulent molecular clouds. The SPH scheme allows us to perform a high spatial resolution analysis of the density maxima (cores) at scales between ~0.003 and 0.3 pc. We analyze simulations in three different physical conditions: large-scale driving (LSD), small-scale driving (SSD), and random Gaussian initial conditions without driving (GC), each one at two different time steps: just before self-gravity is turned on (t0) and when gravity has been operating such that 5% of the total mass in the box has been accreted into cores (t1). For this data set, we perform Bonnor-Ebert fits to the column density profiles of cores found by a clump-finding algorithm. We find that, for the particular fitting procedure we use, 65% of the cores can be matched to Bonnor-Ebert (BE) profiles, and of these, 47% correspond to stable equilibrium configurations with ξmax < 6.5, even though the cores analyzed in the simulations are not in equilibrium but instead are dynamically evolving. The temperatures obtained with the fitting procedure vary between 5 and 60 K (in spite of the simulations being isothermal, with T = 11.3 K), with the peak of the distribution being at T = 11 K and most clumps having fitted temperatures between 5 and 30 K. Central densities obtained with the BE fit tend to be smaller than the actual central densities of the cores. We also find that for the LSD and GC cases, there are more BE-like cores at t0 than at t1 with ξmax ≤ 20, while in the case of SSD, there are more such cores at t1 than at t0. We interpret this as a consequence of the stronger turbulence present in the cores of run SSD, which prevents good BE fits in the absence of gravity, and delays collapse in its presence. Finally, in some cases we find substantial superposition effects when we analyze the projection of the density structures, even though the scales over which we project are small (≲0.18 pc). As a consequence, different projections of the same core may give very different values of the BE fits. Finally, we briefly discuss recent results claiming that Bok globule B68 is in hydrostatic equilibrium, stressing that they imply that this core is unstable by a wide margin. We conclude that fitting BE profiles to observed cores is not an unambiguous test of hydrostatic equilibrium and that fit-estimated parameters such as mass, central density, density contrast, temperature, or radial profile of the BE sphere may differ significantly from the actual values in the cores.
Emotion Regulation and Threat Estimation as Mediators of the Relation between Cognitive Functioning and Anxiety in Late Life

Emotion Regulation and Threat Estimation as Mediators of the Relation between Cognitive Functioning and Anxiety in Late Life Caroline M. Ciliberti Background: Rates of anxiety are generally thought to decline in typically aging older adults. Some theorize that this decline is a result of age-related improvements in emotion regulation. Emotion regulation may require the use of complex cognitive processes, however, which can be impacted by cognitive decline. Indeed, the prevalence of anxiety is high among older adults with cognitive impairment. The current study examined emotion regulation and threat perception as possible mediators in the relation between cognitive functioning and anxiety. Methods: One hundred adults, aged 60 and older, were recruited from nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and the community. All were asked to complete a cognitive screening measure, along with measures of anxiety, emotion regulation, and threat perception. The relation between these variables was examined Results: Though cognitive impairment predicted anxiety level, neither emotion regulation nor threat perception mediated the relation. Conclusions: The data suggest that emotion regulation and threat perception may rely on automatic processing, rather than effortful cognitive processing.
A Case Study of Sentiment Orientation Identification for Polish Texts

In order to make rational decisions and react quickly to changes in the business environment, organizations, especially those operating in the e-business setting, need to constantly monitor numerous information sources on the Internet, e.g., electronic media or opinions published by users at various portals. Majority of the opinions and therefore data concerning enterprises is stored in various forms in broadly understood social media. The available resources are presented in a variety forms, both highly structured and free-style form. In order to identify the emotional attitude of the published texts, there is a well recognised need to automate the overall process and to employ sentiment analysis techniques. In this paper, we show how the already available resources for the Polish language, such as parsers, semantic networks, thesauri, general and domain specific corpora can be further extended and used as a cornerstone for more advanced applications. A case study of Sentiment Orientation Identification system for Polish texts is presented together with the obtained results from the conducted experiments.
Distribution of vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) fibers in the human hypothalamus with special emphasis on suprachiasmatic nucleus efferent projections

The human suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is located in the basal part of the anterior hypothalamus and is considered as the biological clock that generates circadian rhythms and synchronizes the daily activity pattern with the environmental light‐dark cycle. However, the mechanisms and pathways by which the SCN transmits its information to the other brain areas are unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the efferent projections of the SCN by the immunocytochemical staining of two major peptidergic SCN neurotransmitters: vasopressin (VP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). It confirmed that these peptides are present in different subdivisions of the SCN. The results of this investigation show that VP and VIP fibers arising from the SCN were detected to branch extensively and hence seem to innervate the SCN itself and the central and medial part of the anteroventral hypothalamic area (AVH), the area below the paraventricular nucleus (sub‐PVN), the ventral part of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH). There appeared to be substantial congruity between the presumptive human SCN projections and those as observed by tracing in rat or hamster. Regarding the anatomical organization of the human SCN projections, the main projection areas appeared to be the AVH, the sub‐PVN, the ventral part of the PVN, and the DMH. The observation that VIP and in particular VP fibers pass between the SCN and the PVN suggests that the human SCN and the PVN may have a direct anatomical connection. In addition, VP and VIP fibers were detected in several other hypothalamic areas that are not known to have clear direct connections to the SCN. The possible origin of these VP and VIP fibers is discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 383:397‐414, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
UNIVERSAL INVESTMENT IN MARKETS WITH TRANSACTION COSTS

In this paper we investigate growth optimal investment in two‐asset discrete‐time markets with proportional transaction costs and no distributional assumptions on the market return sequences. We construct a policy with growth rate at least as large as any interval policy. Since interval policies are ε‐optimal for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) markets ( Iyengar 2002 ), it follows that our policy when employed in an i.i. d. market is able to “learn” the optimal interval policy and achieve growth optimality; in other words, it is a universal growth optimal policy for i.i. d. markets.
Integration of traditional and innovative methods in studying advertisements effectiveness via paper, tablet and website: a neuromarketing experiment

In the last decades the availability of portable devices as well as of internet accesses provided such great changes in people’s habits in taking advantage of media contents. Nowadays people are exposed to advertising through several media, such as newspapers, websites, and mobile/tablet applications . To establish which media might be more effective in terms of ads memorization is an ardous challange, but the answer has a great importance for strategic media planning of advertising communication. Some studies have already shown that media via paper are more effective than media via internet and websites in promoting the recall and the recognition of the ads [1],[2]. However, the scientific debate about the effectiveness of some media over the others is still an open issue.
New cultural space in constellations of logics : comparative ethnographic case study of a Japanese multinational corporation in Asia and the West

The thesis extends the understanding of the constellations of logics in Japanse management practices in Asia and the West (Goodrick and Reay, 2011; Thornton et al., 2012). By adopting comparative ethnographic case studies, it explores cultural meanings of "family" corporation, market and religion logics in each subsidiary's site: Thailand, Taiwan, Belgium and the US. In doing so, this thesis contributes to the institutional logic approach in four ways. First, the finding that logics are culturally interpeted imposes a serious limitation on the institutional logic approach based on the analysis of Western society (Thornton et al., 2012). Secondly, the finding that Japanese "family" logics and Theravada Buddhism are strengthening each other directly supports the presupposition of amplificaion (Greenwood et al.,2010;2011). Third, the finding that the constellations of logics are ongoing and continuously formed in relation to geographical locations strongly questions "segmenting" (Goodrick and Reay, 2011). Finally, the finding that the boundaries of the organisation communities are not "segmented" to Japanese expatriates but constructed through actors' profiles raises the importance of actors' profiles (Suddaby et al., 2012)
Habitual accountability routines in the boardroom: how boards balance control and collaboration

Purpose - Corporate accountability is a complex chain of reporting that reaches from external stakeholders into the organization’s management structure. The transition from external to internal accountability mechanisms primarily occurs at the board of directors. Yet outside of incentive mechanisms, we know surprisingly little about how internal actors (management) are held to account by the representatives of external shareholders (the board). The purpose of this paper is to explore the process of accountability at this transition point by documenting the routines used by boards to hold the firm’s management to account. In doing so, we develop the understanding of the important transition between internal and external firm accountability. Design/methodology/approach - An inductive, case-based approach identifies recurrent behaviour patterns in two matched boards over three video-taped meetings. Sequential analysis of coded group and individual behaviours provides insight into boards’ accountability routines. Findings - The boards engaged in clear, recurrent accountability routines. Individuals on the boards play different roles in these routines depending on the issue before the board, allowing both directors and managers to hold each other to account. The outsiders (directors) both challenge and support the insiders (managers) during board discussions, switching their behaviours with different agenda items but maintaining a consistent group level of support and scepticism across the meeting. This allows for the simultaneous development of trust and verification at the group level, a necessary condition for effective accountability. Research limitations/implications - As board relationships and organisational context are highly variable, future research should concentrate on testing the generalizability of the results across different board and shareholder structures. Practical implications - The results call into question the current governance focus on the independence of the individual director, as the authors identify that all directors appear to act as agents at one time or another in a meeting. Accountability at the boardroom level requires an effective group process not usually addressed in governance recommendations or regulation. Originality/value - This study provides unique insights into board dynamics, documenting the accountability implications of group behaviours. By focussing on the group process, the authors highlight the potential mismatch of monotonic, individual-level approaches to governance and accountability prevalent in current agency approaches.
Writing with attitude: Stance expression in learner and professional dentistry research

Introduction Method Results Discussion Limitations Conclusion Recommendat ions Learner 0.16 0.22 0.18 0.2 0.25 0.07 0.14 0.07 Pro 0.14 0.16 0.14 0.18 0.17 0.03 0.12 0.09 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 N or m al is ed F re q. P er 1 ,0 00 w or ds Crosthwaite, P., Cheung, LML & Jiang, F. (2017). Writing with attitude: Stance expression in learner and professional dentistry research reports. English for Specific Purposes, accepted, to appear. 19 Table 4. Use of hedging devices in learner and professional reports (by section). Section Mann-Whitney Effect Size (r) Abstract U=12820, Z=3.484, p<. 001 0.205 Introduction U=16763, Z=9.037, p<. 001 0.532 Method U=14960, Z=6.498, p<. 001 0.382 Results U=14375, Z=5.660, p<. 001 0.333 Discussion U=17279, Z=9.765, p<. 001 0.574 Limitations U=12561, Z=4.047, p<. 001 0.238 Conclusion U=12562, Z=3.154, p=. 002 0.186 Recommendations U=9041, Z=-2.091, p=. 036 0.123U=12820, Z=3.484, p<. 001 0.205 Introduction U=16763, Z=9.037, p<. 001 0.532 Method U=14960, Z=6.498, p<. 001 0.382 Results U=14375, Z=5.660, p<. 001 0.333 Discussion U=17279, Z=9.765, p<. 001 0.574 Limitations U=12561, Z=4.047, p<. 001 0.238 Conclusion U=12562, Z=3.154, p=. 002 0.186 Recommendations U=9041, Z=-2.091, p=. 036 0.123 Pearson R Effect size interpretation, . 10= ‘small’, . 30= ‘medium’, . 50= ‘large’, . 70= ‘very large’, Cohen (1988). As with the results from the whole text analysis, the learner dentistry reports contain a significantly higher frequency of hedging devices than professional reports in each section, with the exception of the recommendations sections. The recommendations sections are significantly shorter in the professional corpus texts, perhaps leading to the significant difference between learner and professional corpora found for that section. For all other sections, notably the introduction (where the stance of others is likely to be hedged), the results / limitations / conclusion sections (where the stance of the writer(s) is likely to be hedged), and the discussion section (where the stance of both the writer(s) and/or others is likely to be hedged), the learner texts contain many more hedging devices. This is particularly notable in the introduction and discussion sections given the large reported Pearson r effect sizes of >. 500, with medium effect sizes reported for the method and results sections. With this in mind, an investigation of the Crosthwaite, P., Cheung, LML & Jiang, F. (2017). Writing with attitude: Stance expression in learner and professional dentistry research reports. English for Specific Purposes, accepted, to appear. 20 wordings used for the hedging devices between the two corpora provide a potential explanation (Table 5). Table 5 Wordings for Hedges (Minimum LL 15.13, p<.0001) Word Freq. DL Freq. PRO Specific to DL vs. PRO Log Likelihood Effect Size (BIC) about would claimed quite could felt mainly usually generally might probably sometimes maybe 72
SALSA : Sequence ALignmentvia

We describe SALSA (Sequence ALignment via Steiner Ancestors), a public{domain suite of programs for generating multiple alignments of a set of genomic sequences. We allow the use of either of the two popular objectives, Tree Alignment or Sum-of-Pairs. The main distinguishing feature of our method is that the alignment is obtained via a tree in which the internal nodes (ancestors) are labeled by Steiner sequences for triples of the input sequences. Given lists of candidate labels for the ancestral sequences, we use dynamic programming to choose an optimal labeling under either objective functions. Finally, the fully labeled tree of sequences is turned into into a multiple alignment. Enhancements in our implementation include the traditional space-saving ideas of Hirschberg as well as new data-packing techniques. The running-time bottleneck of computing exact Steiner sequences is handled by a highly eeective but much faster heuristic alternative. Finally, other modules in the suite allow automatic generation of linear-program input les that can be used to compute novel lower bounds on the optimal values. We also report on some preliminary computational experiments with SALSA.
A γ-Secretase Inhibitor, but Not a γ-Secretase Modulator, Induced Defects in BDNF Axonal Trafficking and Signaling: Evidence for a Role for APP

Clues to Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis come from a variety of different sources including studies of clinical and neuropathological features, biomarkers, genomics and animal and cellular models. An important role for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its processing has emerged and considerable interest has been directed at the hypothesis that Aβ peptides induce changes central to pathogenesis. Accordingly, molecules that reduce the levels of Aβ peptides have been discovered such as γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) and modulators (GSMs). GSIs and GSMs reduce Aβ levels through very different mechanisms. However, GSIs, but not GSMs, markedly increase the levels of APP CTFs that are increasingly viewed as disrupting neuronal function. Here, we evaluated the effects of GSIs and GSMs on a number of neuronal phenotypes possibly relevant to their use in treatment of AD. We report that GSI disrupted retrograde axonal trafficking of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), suppressed BDNF-induced downstream signaling pathways and induced changes in the distribution within neuronal processes of mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. In contrast, treatment with a novel class of GSMs had no significant effect on these measures. Since knockdown of APP by specific siRNA prevented GSI-induced changes in BDNF axonal trafficking and signaling, we concluded that GSI effects on APP processing were responsible, at least in part, for BDNF trafficking and signaling deficits. Our findings argue that with respect to anti-amyloid treatments, even an APP-specific GSI may have deleterious effects and GSMs may serve as a better alternative.
Probing the Functional Relevance of Reactive Hippocampal Neurogenesis in a Model of an Alcohol Use Disorder

OF DISSERTATION PROBING THE FUNCTIONAL RELEVANCE OF REACTIVE HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS IN A MODEL OF AN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER Alcoholism, or alcohol use disorders (AUDs), represent a major public health concern both locally and globally. Critically, excessive alcohol consumption results in neurodegeneration in brain regions such as the hippocampus which is known for its role in learning and memory. Recovery of hippocampal volume loss has been observed after prolonged abstinence, but the mechanisms underlying this process are not well understood. Adult neurogenesis is thought to contribute to this recovery since after alcohol exposure a reactive increase in adult neurogenesis is observed. This reactive neurogenesis (the process by which brain insult results in a compensatory increase in neurogenesis) may represent a beneficial endogenous mechanism of brain recovery. However, the role of alcoholinduced reactive neurogenesis in hippocampal recovery is not known. We hypothesize that this reactive neurogenesis promotes the functional recovery of the hippocampus following a 4-day binge model of an AUD. To that end, the experimental studies herein were developed to decrease reactive proliferation to study its impact on hippocampal function (learning and memory). The first set of experiments attempted to decrease reactive proliferation by administering alcohol during the period of increased proliferation. Although these experiments were unsuccessful, they triggered an informative investigation into the timing of alcoholinduced reactive neurogenesis. The second set of experiments established an indepth time course and revealed that increased proliferation occurred 5-7 days after binge alcohol exposure. With the new time course of proliferation in mind, the third set of experiments used an anti-proliferative drug that successfully decreased alcohol-induced reactive proliferation/neurogenesis but revealed no differences between groups in a hippocampal-dependent task. The fourth set of experiments revealed that granule cells born during reactive neurogenesis were capable of activation. In conclusion, the finding that reactive neurogenesis resulted in neurons capable of activation indicated that reactive neurogenesis may be involved in promoting the recovery of hippocampal function. These studies furthered our understanding of the role of alcohol-induced reactive neurogenesis in recovery from AUDs. Furthermore, these studies provided valuable insight into modulation of the NPC pool as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AUDs.