Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crustal influx, indentation, ductile thinning and gravity redistribution in a continental wedge: Building a Moldanubian mantled gneiss dome with underthrust Saxothuringian material (European Variscan belt)

The contribution of lateral forces, vertical load, gravity redistribution and erosion to the origin of mantled gneiss domes in internal zones of orogens remains debated. In the Orlica−Śnieżnik dome (Moldanubian zone, European Variscan belt), the polyphase tectono‐metamorphic history is initially characterized by the development of subhorizontal fabrics associated with medium‐ to high‐grade metamorphic conditions in different levels of the crust. It reflects the eastward influx of a Saxothuringian‐type passive margin sequence below a Teplá‐Barrandian upper plate. The ongoing influx of continental crust creates a thick felsic orogenic root with HP rocks and migmatitic orthogneiss. The orogenic wedge is subsequently indented by the eastern Brunia microcontinent producing a multiscale folding of the orogenic infrastructure. The resulting kilometre‐scale folding is associated with the variable burial of the middle crust in synforms and the exhumation of the lower crust in antiforms. These localized vertical exchanges of material and heat are coeval with a larger crustal‐scale folding of the whole infrastructure generating a general uplift of the dome. It is exemplified by increasing metamorphic conditions and younging of 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages toward the extruded migmatitic subdomes cored by HP rocks. The vertical growth of the dome induces exhumation by pure shear‐dominated ductile thinning laterally evolving to non‐coaxial detachment faulting, while erosion feeds the surrounding sedimentary basins. Modeling of the Bouguer anomaly grid is compatible with crustal‐scale mass transfers between a dense superstructure and a lighter infrastructure. The model implies that the Moldanubian Orlica−Śnieżnik mantled gneiss dome derives from polyphase recycling of Saxothuringian material.
Using Link Analysis to Discover Interesting Messages Spread Across Twitter

Twitter, a popular social networking service, enables its users to not only send messages but re-broadcast or retweet a message from another Twitter user to their own followers. Considering the number of times that a message is retweeted across Twitter is a straightforward way to estimate how interesting it is. However, a considerable number of messages in Twitter with high retweet counts are actually mundane posts by celebrities that are of interest to themselves and possibly their followers. In this paper, we leverage retweets as implicit relationships between Twitter users and messages and address the problem of automatically finding messages in Twitter that may be of potential interest to a wide audience by using link analysis methods that look at more than just the sheer number of retweets. Experimental results on real world data demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better performance than several baseline methods.
Early in vivo changes in calcium ions, oxidative stress markers, and ion channel immunoreactivity following partial injury to the optic nerve

CNS injury is often localized but can be followed by more widespread secondary degenerative events that usually result in greater functional loss. Using a partial transection model in rat optic nerve (ON). we recently demonstrated in vivo increases in the oxidative stress‐associated enzyme MnSOD 5 min after injury. However, mechanisms by which early oxidative stress spreads remain unclear. In the present study, we assessed ion distributions, additional oxidative stress indicators, and ion channel immunoreactivity in ON in the first 24 hr after partial transection. Using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectroscopy (NanoSIMS), we demonstrate changes in the distribution pattern of Ca ions following partial ON transection. Regions of elevated Ca ions in normal ON in vivo rapidly decrease following partial ON transection, but there is an increasingly punctate distribution at 5 min and 24 hr after injury. We also show rapid decreases in catalase activity and later increases in immunoreactivity of the advanced glycation end product carboxymethyl lysine in astrocytes. Increased oxidative stress in astrocytes is accompanied by significantly increased immunoreactivity of the AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 and aquaporin 4 (AQP4). Taken together, the results indicate that Ca ion changes and oxidative stress are early events following partial ON injury that are associated with changes in GluR1 AMPA receptor subunits and altered ionic balance resulting from increased AQP4. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Realizable response matrices of multi-terminal electrical, acoustic and elastodynamic networks at a given frequency

We give a complete characterization of the possible response matrices at a fixed frequency of n-terminal electrical networks of inductors, capacitors, resistors and grounds, and of n-terminal discrete linear elastodynamic networks of springs and point masses, both in three-dimensional and two-dimensional cases. Specifically, we construct networks that realize any response matrix that is compatible with the known symmetry properties and thermodynamic constraints of response matrices. Owing to a mathematical equivalence, we also obtain a characterization of the response matrices of discrete acoustic networks.
Subtle Increases in BMI within a Healthy Weight Range Still Reduce Womens Employment Chances in the Service Sector

Using mixed design analysis of variance (ANOVA), this paper investigates the effects of a subtle simulated increase in adiposity on women’s employment chances in the service sector. Employing a unique simulation of altering individuals’ BMIs and the literature on “aesthetic labour”, the study suggests that, especially for women, being heavier, but still within a healthy BMI, deleteriously impacts on hireability ratings. The paper explores the gendered dimension of this prejudice by asking whether female employees at the upper end of a healthy BMI range are likely to be viewed more negatively than their overtly overweight male counterparts. The paper concludes by considering the implications of these findings.
Spatial Model Assessment of P Transport from Soils to Waterways in an Eastern Mediterranean Watershed

P index is a management tool commonly used to identify critical source areas (CSAs) in agro-catchments. We tested the applicability of several P-index models adjusted to Eastern Mediterranean conditions. On the basis of model structure and data requirements, we selected the Arkansas model and two models with the RUSLE equation and runoff curve number (RCN). Concurrently, we developed a GIS-based Hermon-P model which was designed to simulate rainfall–runoff events representing the major nutrient-transport mechanism in Eastern Mediterranean. The P index values computed by the Arkansas and RUSLE models exhibited low correlation (r2 < 0.32) with the measured soluble reactive (SRP) and total P (TP), while the RCN model result correlations were somewhat higher (r2 = 0.53 for SRP and 0.45 for TP). High correlations between the calculated and measured P during rainfall–runoff events were only achieved with the Hermon model (r2 = 0.77 to 0.9). These high coefficients resulted from avoiding subjective categorization of the continuous variables and using the measured site-specific erosional predictors instead. On one occasion, during the first significant runoff event of the year, the Hermon model failed to predict total P in the stream water (r2 = 0.14) because of considerable resuspension of stream sediments. Most of the P-index models are based on the perceptual transfer-continuum framework that was developed for temperate agro-catchments; this framework does not consider P resuspension along streams during rainfall–runoff events. Hence, a new set of equations should be added to the P index to account for potential resuspension in Eastern Mediterranean streams at the beginning of the hydrological year.
Pray the gay away: identity conflict between Christianity and sexuality in Hong Kong sexual minorities

Abstract Recognition and respect for sexual minorities in Hong Kong is still a contested area. Public sexual identity politics in Hong Kong has been framed by traditional Chinese gender ideology and imported Christian beliefs which are profoundly negative. Focusing on the interpersonal relationships in three spheres of life, the research adopted the sociological perspective of personal life and the feminist geographers’ idea of spatialization of identity management to analyze how the sexual self of sexual minorities has been marginalized and excluded in intimate social spaces of family, church communities and schools in Hong Kong with specific spatial practices and different forms of power/knowledge. By examining overlooked intimate injustice in personal life, this study illustrates that identity conflicts between Christianity and non-heterosexuality in everyday life is constructed through misrepresentation, misrecognition, harassment and exclusion in intimate relationships. Different types of knowledge are being used to reiterate pre-existing norms and institutionalized patterns of cultural value that constitute the sexual minorities as comparatively unworthy of respect. These micro-political processes involve both conformity and resistance to gender and sexual stereotypes. Participants managed to develop spatial coping strategies such as concealment, compartmentalization, confrontation and alternative sources of support to manage their lives with dignity and self-esteem.
Phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of the PLUNC gene family

The PLUNC family of human proteins are candidate host defense proteins expressed in the upper airways. The family subdivides into short (SPLUNC) and long (LPLUNC) proteins, which contain domains predicted to be structurally similar to one or both of the domains of bactericidal/permeability‐increasing protein (BPI), respectively. In this article we use analysis of the human, mouse, and rat genomes and other sequence data to examine the relationships between the PLUNC family proteins from humans and other species, and between these proteins and members of the BPI family. We show that PLUNC family clusters exist in the mouse and rat, with the most significant diversification in the locus occurring for the short PLUNC family proteins. Clear orthologous relationships are established for the majority of the proteins, and ambiguities are identified. Completion of the prediction of the LPLUNC4 proteins reveals that these proteins contain approximately a 150‐residue insertion encoded by an additional exon. This insertion, which is predicted to be largely unstructured, replaces the structure homologous to the 40s hairpin of BPI. We show that the exon encoding this region is anomalously variable in size across the LPLUNC proteins, suggesting that this region is key to functional specificity. We further show that the mouse and human PLUNC family orthologs are evolving rapidly, which supports the hypothesis that these proteins are involved in host defense. Intriguingly, this rapid evolution between the human and mouse sequences is replaced by intense purifying selection in a large portion of the N‐terminal domain of LPLUNC4. Our data provide a basis for future functional studies of this novel protein family.
Detailed Atmosphere Model Fits to Disk-dominated ULX Spectra

We have chosen six ultraluminous X-ray sources from the XMM-Newton archive whose spectra have high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and can be fitted solely with a disk model without requiring any power-law component. To estimate systematic errors in the inferred parameters, we fit every spectrum to two different disk models, one based on local blackbody emission (KERRBB) and one based on detailed atmosphere modeling (BHSPEC). Both incorporate full general relativistic treatment of the disk surface brightness profile, photon Doppler shifts, and photon trajectories. We found in every case that they give almost identical fits and similar acceptable parameters. The best-fit value of the most interesting parameter, the mass of the central object, is between 23 and 73 M☉ in five of the six examples. In every case, the best-fit inclination angle and mass are correlated, in the sense that large mass corresponds to high inclination. Even after allowing for this degeneracy, we find that, with ≳99.9% formal statistical confidence, three of the six objects have mass ≳25 M☉; for the other three, these data are consistent with a wide range of masses. A mass greater than several hundred M☉ is unlikely for the three best-constrained objects. These fits also suggest comparatively rapid black hole spin in the three objects whose masses are relatively well determined, but our estimate of the spin is subject to significant systematic error having to do with uncertainty in the underlying surface brightness profile.
DNA LIGASE I exerts a maternal effect on seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Maternal effects are defined by mutations that affect the next generation when they are maternally inherited. To date, most indepth studies of maternal effects in plants have attributed their origin to genomic imprinting that restricts expression to the maternal allele. The DNA glycosylase DEMETER (DME) removes methylated cytosine residues, causing transcriptional activation of the maternal allele of imprinted genes. In this study, we show that loss-of-function of the major DNA LIGASE I (AtLIG1) in Arabidopsis thaliana causes maternal effects in the endosperm, which is the seed tissue that nurtures embryo development. AtLIG1 expression is not imprinted and has a limited impact on imprinted gene expression. Genetic interaction analyses further indicate that AtLIG1 acts downstream of DME. The removal of methylated cytosine residues by DME involves the creation of DNA single-strand breaks and our results suggest that AtLIG1 repairs these breaks.
"Getting Ahead" Versus "Getting Along": Examining the Role of Agency and Communion in Prejudice

The topic of prejudice has been extensively studied by psychologists, but there has been no work directly examining whether agency (“getting ahead”) and communion (“getting along”) influence prejudiced attitudes. Across three studies we examined whether these dimensions differentially motivate prejudiced attitudes towards immigrants and Syrian refugees. We expected that agency would positively predict prejudice for those low in communion but not for those high in communion and that a self-threat would amplify this effect. Additionally, we examined unmitigated agency (focus on agency to the exclusion of communion, distinct from high agency and low communion as separate factors) as it has been linked to other problem behaviours (Helegson, 1999). In Study 1, inconsistent with our predictions, we found that high agency or low communion may motivate prejudice towards immigrants. In Study 2 and 3 we examined whether a co-operation focus (balance of agency and communion) or competition focus (strong agency, lack of communion) predicted prejudice towards Syrian refugees. We found some evidence that a focus on co-operation could reduce the positive relation between unmitigated agency and negative attitudes towards Syrian refugees. We did not find any consistent evidence supporting our main predictions with the addition of a self-threat in Study 3. Across all three studies, our most consistent finding was that unmitigated agency was positively associated with prejudice and predictors of prejudice established in past research. Overall, our findings did not yield consistent evidence that agency and communion motivate prejudice, and instead suggest that unmitigated agency may be a distinctly motivating factor for prejudice.
Association Between the Cytogenetic Profile of Tumor Cells and Response to Preoperative Radiochemotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

AbstractNeoadjuvant radiochemotherapy to locally advanced rectal carcinoma patients has proven efficient in a high percentage of cases. Despite this, some patients show nonresponse or even disease progression. Recent studies suggest that different genetic alterations may be associated with sensitivity versus resistance of rectal cancer tumor cells to neoadjuvant therapy. We investigated the relationship between intratumoral pathways of clonal evolution as assessed by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (51 different probes) and response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, evaluated by Dworak criteria in 45 rectal cancer tumors before (n = 45) and after (n = 31) treatment. Losses of chromosomes 1p (44%), 8p (53%), 17p (47%), and 18q (38%) and gains of 1q (49%) and 13q (75%) as well as amplification of 8q (38%) and 20q (47%) chromosomal regions were those specific alterations found at higher frequencies. Significant association (P < 0.05) was found between alteration of 1p, 1q, 11p, 12p, and 17p chromosomal regions and degree of response to neoadjuvant therapy. A clear association was observed between cytogenetic profile of the ancestral tumor cell clone and response to radiochemotherapy; cases presenting with del(17p) showed a poor response to neoadjuvant treatment (P = 0.03), whereas presence of del(1p) was more frequently observed in responder patients (P = 0.0002). Moreover, a significantly higher number of copies of chromosomes 8q (P = 0.004), 13q (P = 0.003), and 20q (P = 0.002) were found after therapy versus paired pretreatment rectal cancer samples. Our results point out the existence of an association between tumor cytogenetics and response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Further studies in larger series of patients are necessary to confirm our results.
Preformation and distribution of staminate and pistillate flowers in growth units of Nothofagus alpina and N. obliqua (Nothofagaceae).

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The distribution and differentiation times of flowers in monoecious wind-pollinated plants are fundamental for the understanding of their mating patterns and evolution. Two closely related South American Nothofagus species were compared with regard to the differentiation times and positions of staminate and pistillate flowers along their parent growth units (GUs) by quantitative means. METHODS Two samples of GUs that had extended in the 2004-2005 growing season were taken in 2005 and 2006 from trees in the Lanín National Park, Patagonia, Argentina. For the first sample, axillary buds of the parent GUs were dissected and the leaf, bud and flower primordia of these buds were identified. The second sample included all branches derived from the parent GUs in the 2005-2006 growing season. KEY RESULTS Both species developed flowering GUs with staminate and/or pistillate flowers; GUs with both flower types were the most common. The position of staminate flowers along GUs was similar between species and close to the proximal end of the GUs. Pistillate flowers were developed more distally along the GUs in N. alpina than in N. obliqua. In N. alpina, the nodes bearing staminate and pistillate flowers were separated by one to several nodes with axillary buds, something not observed in N. obliqua. Markovian models supported this between-species difference. Flowering GUs, including all of their leaves and flowers were entirely preformed in the winter buds. CONCLUSIONS Staminate and pistillate flowers of N. alpina and N. obliqua are differentiated at precise locations on GUs in the growing season preceding that of their antheses. The differences between N. alpina and N. obliqua (and other South American Nothofagus species) regarding flower distribution might relate to the time of anthesis of each flower type and, in turn, to the probabilities of self-pollination at the GU level.
Augmentation of the neuromuscular blocking effects of cisatracurium during desflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane or total i.v. anaesthesia.

We have evaluated the enhancement of cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular block by potent inhalation anaesthetic agents, by constructing dose-effect curves for cisatracurium in 84 patients during anaesthesia with 1.5 MAC (70% nitrous oxide) desflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane or total i.v. anaesthesia (TIVA). Acceleromyography (TOF-Guard) and train-of-four (TOF) stimulation of the ulnar nerve were used (2 Hz every 12 s). Cisatracurium was administered in increments of 15 micrograms kg-1 until depression of T1/T0 > 95% was reached. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (alpha = 0.05, beta = 0.2). Depression of T1/T0 during potent inhalation anaesthesia was enhanced compared with TIVA. ED50 and ED95 values of cisatracurium were 15 (SD 5) and 34 (10) micrograms kg-1 for desflurane; 15 (4) and 32 (7) micrograms kg-1 for sevoflurane; and 15 (5) and 33 (9) micrograms kg-1 for isoflurane. These were significantly lower than the values for TIVA (21 (4) and 51 (13) micrograms kg-1) (P < 0.01 in each case). After equi-effective dosing, times to T1/T0 = 25% were similar in all groups (19 (7), 19 (5), 20 (5) vs 16 (4) min). Recovery index25-75% and time to a TOF ration of 0.70 were prolonged significantly by desflurane and sevoflurane compared with TIVA (18 (5), 19 (8) vs 12 (4) min and 43 (11), 44 (10) vs 35 (5) min, respectively), whereas the difference was not significant for isoflurane (14 (6) and 41 (7) min).
PERAN KEADILAN PROSEDURAL, KEPERCAYAAN, KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) (Studi pada Karyawan PDAM Kabupaten Demak)

The existence of Organization Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is believed can bring positive impact not only for the members but also give a contribution to the organization itself. Therefore many organizations improve their OCB to their employer. This research aimed to examine the impact of procedural justice, trust, job satisfaction and organizational commitment on OCB. The research was conducted in Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Demak regency which is one of BUMD. There are 126 employers as research sample. The instrument of questioner is used to get the research data. Multiple regression analysis is used to test the impact those variables on the OCB. The result shows that procedural justice, trust, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have positive and significant influence to the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Organizational commitment is a variable which affected the most while procedural justice has the weakest effect.
Choice Of A Science Major:Fashioning A Model For Female Undergraduates In India

The study aimed to prepare a model linking independent variables viz.,science major, year of study, reason for choice of major and hobby with dependent variables viz., achievement motivation, career/family values and locus of control of female undergraduates in India. Techniques of area and stratified random sampling were followed to select a sample of 180 women undergraduates belonging to 5 districts of West Bengal (a state in India). Among them 60 each were majoring in Physics, Chemistry and Zoology. Besides, 60 each were studying in 1st,2nd and 3rd year of college. A general information schedule and 3 psychological tests (standardized in India) were administered to the students to collect data. MANOVA revealed: i) groups formed on the basis of the independent variables differed significantly with respect to student-attributes; and ii) reason for choice of major significantly influenced student achievement motivation.