Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The augmented newsbeat: spatial structuring in a Twitterized news ecosystem

This article deals with the intertwining of digital and nondigital spaces of news reporting. It focuses specifically on how Twitter affects spatial and temporal orderings of news ecosystems. At the New York state government, actors within the space permeate informational barriers through Twitter while enabling others to follow and engage in events from remote locations. The always-on mentality of tweeters not only blurs boundaries between work life and private life but also helps correspondents to get access to and pass on information instantly, as well as to better anticipate events. The proliferation of digital spaces enhances awareness of nondigital spaces but requires coordination between the two. This paper is based on over two years of field research, involving observation, interviews, digital ethnography of the state house twitterverse and content analysis of journalists’ tweets during the same-sex marriage debate.
Emotional Labor and Burnout

日本ではA. Hochschild（1983）の成果を基にして，感情労働の遂行が燃え尽きに帰結するという主張が頻繁に見られる．しかし，多数の経験的検証が行われている欧米では，感情労働と燃え尽きとの連関のありようは主張されるほど明確ではないと批判されており，日本で見られる経験的検証なき因果連関の主張は危ういものと言わざるをえない．そこで本研究は，感情労働と燃え尽きとの連関について，文献精査をし，その結果を踏まえ事例データの分析を通じて経験的に検証することを目的とした．主な結果は，まず，感情労働することで燃え尽きる，という因果連関に強い疑義が呈された．Hochschild（1983）の丁寧な再読と燃え尽き事例の分析からは，感情労働したいのにできない状況が，燃え尽きの現象に共通した背景として見えてきたのである．また詳細を見ると，感情労働したいのにできずに燃え尽きに至る過程は多様であった．これは，職業特性の多様さ，感情労働の遂行の多様さ，感情労働過程の多様さを看過して，さまざまな職業を「感情労働職」として1つのカテゴリーにまとめて燃え尽きと関係づけて問題化しようとする粗雑な議論に反省を促すものである．さらに，感情労働の心理的効果もそうした諸要素に依存するのであって，燃え尽きは感情労働の本質的な問題ではないことが経験的に示唆された．
Cellular localization of muscle and nonmuscle actin mRNAs in chicken primary myogenic cultures: the induction of alpha-skeletal actin mRNA is regulated independently of alpha-cardiac actin gene expression

Specific DNA fragments complementary to the 3' untranslated regions of the beta-, alpha-cardiac, and alpha-skeletal actin mRNAs were used as in situ hybridization probes to examine differential expression and distribution of these mRNAs in primary myogenic cultures. We demonstrated that prefusion bipolar-shaped cells derived from day 3 dissociated embryonic somites were equivalent to myoblasts derived from embryonic day 11-12 pectoral tissue with respect to the expression of the alpha-cardiac actin gene. Fibroblasts present in primary muscle cultures were not labeled by the alpha-cardiac actin gene probe. Since virtually all of the bipolar cells express alpha-cardiac actin mRNA before fusion, we suggest that the bipolar phenotype may distinguish a committed myogenic cell type. In contrast, alpha-skeletal actin mRNA accumulates only in multinucleated myotubes and appears to be regulated independently from the alpha-cardiac actin gene. Accumulation of alpha- skeletal but not alpha-cardiac actin mRNA can be blocked by growth in Ca2+-deficient medium which arrests myoblast fusion. Thus, the sequential appearance of alpha-cardiac and then alpha-skeletal actin mRNA may result from factors that arise during terminal differentiation. Finally, the beta-actin mRNA was located in both fibroblasts and myoblasts but diminished in content during myoblast fusion and was absent from differentiated myotubes. It appears that in primary myogenic cultures, an asynchronous stage-dependent induction of two different alpha-striated actin mRNA species occurs concomitant with the deinduction of the nonmuscle beta-actin gene.
Revision Surgery for “Real” Recurrent Lumbar Disk Herniation: A Systematic Review

Study Design:A systematic review. Objective:To systematically review the previous literature regarding revision surgery for real recurrent lumbar disk herniation. Summary of Background Data:“Real” recurrent lumbar disk herniation means the presence of herniated disk material at the same level and side as the primary disk herniation. If conservative treatment fails, revision surgery, a major concern, is indicated. It is important for both patients and spine surgeons to understand epidemiology trends and outcomes of revision surgery for real recurrent lumbar disk herniation (real-RLDH). Methods:The electronic databases PubMed, the Cochrane library, and EMBASE were queried for English articles regarding revision surgery for real-RLDH, published between January 1980 and May 2014. The incidence, interval between primary and revision surgery, risk factors, surgery type, complications, and clinical outcomes of revision surgery for real-RLDH were summarized. Results:The reported incidence of revision surgery, specifically for real-RLDH, lies between 1.4% and 11.4%. The complication rate is reported between 0% and 34.6%, with dural tear being the most common complication. Previous studies revealed that satisfactory or successful clinical outcome was achieved in 60%–100% of patients after revision surgery for real-RLDH. Several studies reported similar clinical outcomes between primary and revision surgery. Conclusions:The incidence of revision surgery for real-RLDH is relatively low. It is essential to pay careful attention to prevent a dural tear. Patients may expect clinical outcomes similar to those following primary discectomy. Level of Evidence:Level III.
Organised Crime, Anonymous Witnesses and Fair Trials in Ireland: Responding to R v Davis

This article assesses the absence of witness anonymity in Ireland, and explores the likelihood of its future adoption, using the recent decision of the House of Lords in R v Davis and the Criminal Evidence (Witness Anonymity) Act 2008 as a catalyst for this discussion. It examines the potential threat posed by anonymous evidence to the constitutional right to a fair trial in Ireland, and it analyses current incursions on the right to cross-examine witnesses, which have received judicial imprimatur.However, despite the lack of anonymous witness in the courts and in political and legal debate, three developments suggest that Irish policy makers may not remain averse to such a tactic: the erosion of the right to cross-examination in emergency legislation; the use of anonymous witnesses in civil proceedings; and the desire to incorporate third party interests and rights in criminal justice matters.This article concludes by considering ostensibly less problematic means of protecting intimidated witnesses and their evidence, as alternatives to anonymous evidence.
Joint server/peer receiver-driven rate-distortion optimized video streaming using asynchronous clocks

This paper proposes a joint server/peer video streaming architecture for wireless networks, where a receiver can access a video server via an access point using the infrastructure mode and at the same lime communicate with its peers using the ad hoc mode of its IEEE 802.11 interface card. We introduce a joint infrastructure/peer-to-peer, receiver-driven streaming scheme, and formulate it as a combinatorial optimization problem. We decouple the problem into two steps: first selecting the sender (server or peer) by introducing asynchronous clocks, and then applying point-to-point rate-distortion optimization algorithm between a specific sender-receiver pair. Simulation results show that our joint approach has better performance than those systems with single server or with round-robin selection scheme.
Kinetics of the UV‐induced DNA damage response in relation to cell cycle phase. Correlation with DNA replication

It has been reported that exposure to UV light triggers DNA damage response (DDR) seen as induction of γH2AX not only in S‐ but also in G1‐phase cells. In the present study, in addition to γH2AX, we assessed other markers of DDR, namely phosphorylation of ATM on Ser1981, of ATM/ATR substrate on Ser/Thr at SQ/TQ cluster domains and of the tumor suppressor p53 on Ser15, in human pulmonary carcinoma A549 cells irradiated with 50 J/m2 of UV‐B. Phosphorylation of these proteins detected with phospho‐specific Abs and measured by laser scanning cytometry in relation the cell cycle phase was found to be selective to S‐phase cells. The kinetics of phosphorylation of ATM was strikingly similar to that of ATM/ATR substrate, peaking at 30 min after UV irradiation and followed by rapid dephosphorylation. The peak of H2AX phosphorylation was seen at 2 h and the peak of p53 phosphorylation at 4 h after exposure to UV light. Local high spatial density of these phospho‐proteins reported by intensity of maximal pixel of immunofluorescence in the DDR nuclear foci was distinctly more pronounced in the early compared to late portion of S‐phase. Exposure of cells to UV following 1 h pulse‐labeling of their DNA with 5‐ethynyl‐2′deoxyuridine (EdU) made it possible to correlate the extent of DNA replication during the pulse with the extent of the UV‐induced H2AX phosphorylation within the same cells. This correlation was very strong (R2 = 0.98) and the cells that did not incorporate EdU showed no evidence of H2AX phosphorylation. The data are consistent with the mechanism in which stalling of DNA replication forks upon collision with the primary UV‐induced DNA lesions and likely formation of double‐strand DNA breaks triggers DDR. The prior reports (including our own) on induction of γH2AX in G1 cells by UV may have erroneously identified cells initiating DNA replication following UV exposure as G1 cells due to the fact that their DNA content did not significantly differ from that of G1 cells that had not initiated DNA replication. © 2009 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Examining the many dimensions of children’s popularity

Using peer nomination data, this study explored predictors of popularity among 144 third- through eighth-grade students in a diverse urban school. Findings demonstrated that children were more likely to be nominated as popular by peers when they exhibited higher levels of prosocial behavior or aggression. Furthermore, a significant interaction between prosocial behavior and aggression predicted popularity. Children with high levels of peer-nominated aggression were more likely to be viewed as popular when they were also nominated by their peers for engaging in high levels of prosocial behavior. Lastly, findings suggested that the positive association between prosocial behavior and popularity was stronger for girls than boys. Implications and areas for future research are discussed.
Contingent necessity versus logical necessity in categorisation

Critical (necessary or sufficient) features in categorisation have a long history, but the empirical evidence makes their existence questionable. Nevertheless, there are some cases that suggest critical feature effects. The purpose of the present work is to offer some insight into why classification decisions might misleadingly appear as if they involve critical features. Utilising Tversky's (1977) contrast model of similarity, we suggest that when an object has a sparser representation, changing any of its features is more likely to lead to a change in identity than it would in objects that have richer representations. Experiment 1 provides a basic test of this suggestion with artificial stimuli, whereby objects with a rich or a sparse representation were transformed by changing one of their features. As expected, we observed more identity judgements in the former case. Experiment 2 further confirms our hypothesis, with realistic stimuli, by assuming that superordinate categories have sparser representations than subordinate ones. These results offer some insight into the way feature changes may or may not lead to identity changes in classification decisions.
Turing, ciphers and quanta

Alan Turing has certainly contributed to a widespread belief that the quest for a perfect, unbreakable, cipher is a futile pursuit. The ancient art of concealing information has, in the past, been matched by the ingenuity of code-breakers, but no longer! With the advent of quantum cryptography, the hopes of would-be eavesdroppers have been dashed, perhaps for good. Moreover, recent research, building on schemes that were invented decades ago to perform quantum cryptography, shows that secure communication certified by a sufficient violation of a Bell inequality makes a seemingly insane scenario possible—devices of unknown or dubious provenance, even those that are manufactured by our enemies, can be safely used for secure communication, including key distribution. All that is needed to implement this bizarre and powerful form of cryptography is a loophole-free test of a Bell inequality, which is on the cusp of technological feasibility. We provide a brief overview of the intriguing connections between Bell inequalities and cryptography and describe how studies of quantum entanglement and the foundations of quantum theory influence the way we may protect information in the future.
Reconciliation and remembering: (how) does it work?

Public acts of remembrance are as much about shaping the future as about recollecting the past. This interplay between recollection and future-building has been implicit in much of the work done in the field of cultural memory in the last years. It has been explicitly at the core of the burgeoning field of transitional justice, informed as it is by the belief that future peace and stability depends crucially on finding ways of ‘coming to terms’ with past violence. This special issue, brought together by three editors from different disciplines, aims to bring debates within memory studies and in the field of transitional justice into a more intense dialogue. A central concern is with critically analysing, from a multidisciplinary perspective, the interplay between the many practices of public remembrance in post-conflict societies in relation to their impact on social relations and individual subjects. 1 The mnemonic practices examined include the cornerstones of discussions in transitional justice – legal tribunals, truth commissions, official apologies, reparations – but go beyond these cornerstones to include other, less-codified forms of commemoration (memorials, museums, street performances and the arts) that operate sometimes in conjunction, sometimes in tension, with legal procedures and that are often initiated by non-governmental actors. By exploring the interplay between these various forms of remembrance in relation to the fault-lines dividing particular societies, this special issue gives fresh insight into the multilayeredness of memory and the complex socio-cultural dynamic between remembrance and present-day alliances. Taken together, moreover, the articles also reveal some of the fault-lines within the reconciliation scenario itself, by addressing not just the practices and outcomes of reconciliatory acts of remembrance, but also the discourses surrounding them. In his famous essay ‘What is a Nation? ’ (1947–61[1882]) Ernest Renan already linked national solidarity to overcoming past divisions through selective remembrance. Since all nations have known periods of conflict, Renan argued, it is necessary for people not only to be able to remember their common past but also to forget divisive events (such as the Saint-Barthelemy massacre in France) whose memory would only serve to reproduce old conflicts in present-day society. Since Renan, and certainly since the emergence of memory studies as a field of research, we have learned that collective forgetting and collective remembering are equally complex processes. 2 But the idea that the mediated production of common memory narratives can and should be ‘engineered’
Cytotoxic effects of Jay Amin hydroxamic acid (JAHA), a ferrocene-based class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, on triple-negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells.

The histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are a class of chemically heterogeneous anticancer agents of which suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a prototypical member. SAHA derivatives may be obtained by three-dimensional manipulation of SAHA aryl cap, such as the incorporation of a ferrocene unit like that present in Jay Amin hydroxamic acid (JAHA) and homo-JAHA [ Spencer , et al. ( 2011 ) ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2 , 358 - 362 ]. These metal-based SAHA analogues have been tested for their cytotoxic activity toward triple-negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. The results obtained indicate that of the two compounds tested, only JAHA was prominently active on breast cancer cells with an IC(50) of 8.45 μM at 72 h of treatment. Biological assays showed that exposure of MDA-MB231 cells to the HDACi resulted in cell cycle perturbation with an alteration of S phase entry and a delay at G(2)/M transition and in an early reactive oxygen species production followed by mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) dissipation and autophagy inhibition. No annexin binding was observed after short- (5 h) and longer (24 and 48 h) term incubation with JAHA, thereby excluding the promotion of apoptosis by the HDACi. Although caution must be exercised in extrapolation of in vitro results to the in vivo situation for which research on animals and human trials are needed, nevertheless JAHA treatment possesses the potential for its development as an agent for prevention and/or therapy of "aggressive" breast carcinoma, thus prompting us to get more insight into the molecular basis of its antibreast cancer activity.
Effect of starter cultures L. mesenteroides and L. lactis ssp. lactis on Sauerkraut fermentation and quality

U kontroliranim uvjetima (2, 5% soli ; 21oC), uz upotrebu starter kultura (kontrola ; Leuconostoc meseneroides - 700 mil. cfu/ml ; Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis - 500 mil. cfu/ml ; sok iz prethodne fermentacije) pracen je tijek fermentacije kupusa u 3 ciklusa i 4 ponavljanja. Svaki od navedenih ciklusa trajao je 28 dana. Microbiological and chemical characteristics of the sauerkraut during of the 28 day fermentation period were investigated. Svakodnevno je pracen sadržaj bakterija mlijecne kiseline, koncentracija mlijecne kiseline i pH medija. Po zavrsetku fermentacije svakog ciklusa odredila su se organolepticka svojstva finalnog proizvoda koja su se dalje pratila 6 mjeseci da bi se definirao rok upotrebe. Najbolji rezultati u pogledu kvalitete kiselog kupusa dobiveni su primjenom starter kulture L. lactis ssp. lactis, a potom fermentacijom vođenom prirodnom, spontanom florom kupusa (kontrolna varijanta). Organolepticka svojstva i rok upotrebe finalnog proizvoda dobivenog uz koristenje bakterije mlijecne kiseline Leuconostoc meseneroides kao starter kulture bila su bolja od koristenja soka kiselog kupusa, najboljih organoleptickih svojstava, dobivenog iz prethodnog ciklusa fermentacije.
The Transition to an Elongation Complex by T7 RNA Polymerase Is a Multistep Process*

During the transition from an initiation complex to an elongation complex (EC), T7 RNA polymerase undergoes major conformational changes that involve reorientation of a “core” subdomain as a rigid body and extensive refolding of other elements in the 266 residue N-terminal domain. The pathway and timing of these events is poorly understood. To examine this, we introduced proline residues into regions of the N-terminal domain that become α-helical during the reorganization and changed the charge of a key residue that interacts with the RNA:DNA hybrid 5 bp upstream of the active site in the EC but not in the initiation complex. These alterations resulted in a diminished ability to make products >5-7 nt and/or a slow transition through this point. The results indicate that the transition to an EC is a multistep process and that the movement of the core subdomain and reorganization of certain elements in the N-terminal domain commence prior to promoter release (at 8-9 nt).
The implicit self

L. A. Rudman, S. J. Spencer, The Implicit Self. J. A. Steinberg, A. Karpinski, L. B. Alloy, The Exploration of Implicit Aspects of Self-esteem in Vulnerability-stress Models of Depression. S. L. Koole, L. H. M. Coenen, Implicit Self and Affect Regulation: Effects of Action Orientation and Subliminal Self Priming in an Affective Priming Task. V. Zeigler-Hill, C. Terry, Perfectionism and Explicit Self-esteem: The Moderating Role of Implicit Self-esteem. A. K. Sanchez, C. Zogmaister, L. Arcuri, When "They" Becomes "We": Multiple Contrasting Identities in Mixed Status Groups. C. McCall, N. Dasgupta, The Malleability of Men's Gender Self-concept. H. S. Hodgins, A. B. Brown, B. Carver, Autonomy and Control Motivation and Self-esteem. J. Eaton, C. Ward Struthers, A. Shomrony, A. G. Santelli, When Apologies Fail: The Moderating Effect of Implicit and Explicit Self-esteem on Apology and Forgiveness. I. McGregor, C. H. Jordan, The Mask of Zeal: Low Implicit Self-esteem and Defensive Extremism after Self-threat. Y. Dunham, A. S. Barrow, M. R. Banaji, Children and Social Groups: A Developmental Analysis of Implicit Consistency in Hispanic Americans. T. Devos, P. Diaz, E. Viera, R. Dunn, College Education and Motherhood as Components of Self-concept: Discrepancies Between Implicit and Explicit Assessments.
School segregation in multi-ethnic England

Aspects of both educational development and multi-cultural inter-relationships are frequently related to school ethnic composition, with arguments that ethnically segregated schools both retard the development of multi-ethnic understanding and influence educational performance. In this paper, we employ data on their ethnic composition to portray the extent of segregation in English secondary schools in 2001, using a novel graphical method to explore its nature and spatial variation. We find substantial segregation on ethnic criteria in some places. Nevertheless, over the country as a whole, attendance at substantially mono-ethnic schools is not the norm for members of the non-white groups (though it is for whites in many areas). Half of all non-white secondary students in England attended schools where more than 75 per cent of the total enrolment comprised whites.
Attribution of responsibility and valence of success and failure in relation to initial confidence and task performance.

Subjects worked at a 10-item Anagrams Test containing items of approximately 50% difficulty. Before they began they rated how confident they were that they could pass the test (i.e., solve 5 anagrams or more). After they finished they recorded the number of anagrams they had solved, the degree to which they felt that their performance was due to ability (internal attribution) or luck (external attribution), and their degree of satisfaction with performance. It was found that the unexpected success was more often attributed to good luck than the expected success and was associated with greater satisfaction. The unexpected failure was more often attributed to bad luck than the expected failure and was associated with greater dissatisfaction. Subjects who just passed or just failed the test were more likely to engage in external attribution than subjects with extreme scores in either direction. Performance was positively related to initial confidence. Females were lower in initial confidence, higher in external attribution, and higher in feelings of inadequacy than were males. Results were discussed in terms of Heiderian theory and a valence-diffic ulty model. The present study had two main aims. First it attempted to clarify the conditions that influence the way in which a person assigns responsibility for the outcome when he succeeds or fails at a task. This attribution of responsibilit y may be internal, in which case success or failure is seen as mainly reflecting characteristics of the self (e.g., ability and skill), or the attribution may be external, in which case the outcome is seen as primarily due to outside influences over which the person has little or no control (e.g., luck). The following questions were investigated: When a person succeeds at a task, what factors determine whether he attributes his success to his own ability (internal control) or to good luck (external control)? And when he fails at a task, what factors determine whether he attributes his failure to his own lack of ability (internal control) or to bad luck (external control)? The second aim of the study was to investigate factors that influence the degree to 1The analysis of results reported in this paper was supported by a grant from the Australian Research Grants Committee.