Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONSUMER NOSTALGIA LITERATURE REVIEW AND AN ALTERNATIVE MEASUREMENT PERSPECTIVE

During the last two decades consumer nostalgia literature has experienced the growing amount of research, nonetheless, the nomological network in the area is still poorly established and fundamental questions of generalizability and measurement of nostalgia effects remain unanswered. This paper represents an attempt to comprehensively assess extant research in consumer nostalgia field, distinguish developments in the literature by summarizing the main findings of previous research and establishing theoretical trends. The analysis reveals that a number of demographic, social and psychological nostalgia antecedents, moderators and outcomes remain at the propositions level or lack the accumulated empirical quantitative support and validation from other studies. Therefore, specific recommendations regarding the development of nostalgia nomological network are provided to aid the continued theoretical and methodological improvements in the area. Since 1991 research in nostalgia has assumed that the correct measurement approach is a reflective one. This paper offers an alternative perspective for viewing and operationalizing nostalgia construct as a formative construct. Guidelines are summarized that aim to assist researchers with decision rules on whether to employ formative or reflective nostalgia measurement for future research. One of the main contributions of this study is to show the need for researchers to explicitly justify their choice of reflective or formative measurement models by supporting it with theoretical arguments and empirical evidence.
A Study of Energy and Locality Effects Using Space-Filling Curves

The cost of energy is becoming an increasingly important driver for the operating cost of HPC systems, adding yet another facet to the challenge of producing efficient code. In this paper, we investigate the energy implications of trading computation for locality by applying Hilbert and Morton space-filling curves to dense matrix-matrix multiplication. The advantage of these curves is that they exhibit an inherent tiling effect without requiring specific architecture tuning. By accessing the matrices in the order determined by the space-filling curves, we can trade computation for locality. The index computation overhead of the Morton curve is found to be balanced against its locality and energy efficiency, while the overhead of the Hilbert curve outweighs its improvements on our test system.
Neuropsychological Functioning among Chronic Khat Users in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia

Background Khat chewing effects in the central nervous system are attributed to cathinone and cathine, which are structurally related to amphetamine. However, studies on neuropsychological problems arising from khat use in humans are not extensive and have only included observational and single-case studies. The aims of this study were to (1) to examine neuropsychological functions among khat chewers, and (2) to determine factors affecting neuropsychological outcomes among khat chewers. Methods A sample of 70 adult male khat chewers and a control group of 72 nonchewers were recruited from the Jazan region in southwest Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire examining socioeconomic background, medical and occupational history, education, and khat chewing behaviors was administered. Neuropsychological performance was assessed using computerized tests from the Behavioral Assessment and Research System (BARS) that assessed learning, episodic and working memory, motor speed/coordination, attention/information processing speed, sustained attention, set-shifting/response inhibition, and perceptual functions; noncomputerized tests, Trail Making A and B, Block Design, and Benton Visual Retention tests were also administered. Results Khat chewers performed significantly worse on 3 out of 14 neuropsychological subtests compared with the control group, representing learning, motor speed/coordination, and set-shifting/response inhibition functions. Age and educational level were identified as predictors of neuropsychological outcomes of khat chewers. Conclusions The chronic chewing of khat leaves is associated with deficits in some neuropsychological functions, which may affect the mental and neurological health of communities in which khat chewing is a common habit.
Ability and Trait Emotional Intelligence

The distal roots of emotional intelligence (EI) can be traced back to the concept of “ social intelligence, ” coined by E. L. Thorndike (1920) to refer to the ability to understand and manage people and to act wisely in human relations. Its proximal roots lie in Gardner ’ s work on multiple intelligences and, more specifi cally, in his concepts of intra personal and interpersonal intelligence. According to Gardner (1999) , “ interpersonal intelligence denotes a person ’ s capacity to understand the intentions, motivations, and desires of other people and, consequently, to work effectively with others ” (p. 43). By contrast, “ intrapersonal intelligence involves the capacity to understand oneself, to have an effective working model of oneself — including one ’ s own desires, fears, and capacities — and to use such information effectively in regulating one ’ s own life ” (p. 43). As a phrase, EI has been present in the literature for a relatively long time (Leuner, 1966 ), although it was not until later that the construct was introduced in a form that resembles one of its current manifestations (Payne, 1985 ; Salovey & Mayer, 1990 ). EI was propelled into prominence by Goleman ’ s (1995) best selling book and by a subsequent lead article in Time magazine (Gibbs, 1995 ). Theoretical accounts were soon followed by attempts to devise measures to assess the new construct (Bar On, 1997 ; Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 1999 ; Schutte et al., 1998 ). The process of test construction, however, did not consider the fundamental psychometric distinction between measures of typical and maximum performance (Cronbach, 1949 ; Hofstee, 2001 ). Consequently, some measures were based on self report (e.g. Schutte et al., 1998 ), whereas others attempted to develop items that can be responded to correctly or incorrectly (Mayer et al., 1999 ). Petrides and Furnham (2000, 2001) noted this was problematic because different measurement approaches would almost certainly produce different results, even if the
PREVALENCE OF MAJOR DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER

Introduction: breast cancer is one of the main causes of death among women in Brazil and worldwide. The diagnosis of breast neoplasms usually represents an emotional burden, and it may lead to adjustment reactions and even be the trigger for affective disorders (mainly depression), anxiety or psychosis. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most used mechanisms for the evaluation of depression in research and in clinics. Depression prevalence in patients with cancer varies from 3% to 55% among different studies. Methodological variation, different instruments to assess depression and different cut-off points for diagnosis contribute to the huge discrepancy in current findings. In general, the more specifically depression is defined and evaluated, the lower the rates of prevalence are reported. Many articles fail to demonstrate a statistical significance in the relationship between depression and cancer-specific factors. This suggests that risk factors for depression in those patients are more related to the patient as contextual variables and premorbid factors of personality – and not to the cancer or its treatment. Objective : to determine the prevalence of major depression in women with breast cancer. Methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted in women with breast cancer. The sample consisted of 51 patients who answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The presence of depression was considered in cases where the scores were above 20. A questionnaire with additional data about the patients such as age, marital status, ethnicity, education, family income, family history of depression and breast cancer, and cancer-related variables including staging, months since diagnosis, treatment modality, type of surgery, alopecia occurring were used. Descriptive analysis and test of association (chi-square) were conducted. Results : the prevalence of major depression was 5.9%, similar to that observed in community samples. Subsyndromal depressive symptoms had a score of 21.6% (BDI scores from 16 to 20). Chi-square test was conducted and showed no statistically significant relationship between the classification of BDI and the variables tested (characteristics related to patient and cancer-specific). This indicates that the isolated context of the variables does not influence the event of depression. Conclusion : the prevalence of major depression in women with breast neoplasms was 5.9%.
Mindshaping: A New Framework for Understanding Human Social Cognition

A proposal that human social cognition would not have evolved without mechanisms and practices that shape minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. In this novel account of distinctively human social cognition, Tadeusz Zawidzki argues that the key distinction between human and nonhuman social cognition consists in our complex, diverse, and flexible capacities to shape each other's minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. Zawidzki proposes that such "mindshaping"-which takes the form of capacities and practices such as sophisticated imitation, pedagogy, conformity to norms, and narrative self-constitution-is the most important component of human social cognition. Without it, he argues, none of the other components of what he terms the "human sociocognitive syndrome," including sophisticated language, cooperation, and sophisticated "mindreading," would be possible. Challenging the dominant view that sophisticated mindreading-especially propositional attitude attribution-is the key evolutionary innovation behind distinctively human social cognition, Zawidzki contends that the capacity to attribute such mental states depends on the evolution of mindshaping practices. Propositional attitude attribution, he argues, is likely to be unreliable unless most of us are shaped to have similar kinds of propositional attitudes in similar circumstances. Motivations to mindshape, selected to make sophisticated cooperation possible, combine with low-level mindreading abilities that we share with nonhuman species to make it easier for humans to interpret and anticipate each other's behavior. Eventually, this led, in human prehistory, to the capacity to attribute full-blown propositional attitudes accurately-a capacity that is parasitic, in phylogeny and today, on prior capacities to shape minds. Bringing together findings from developmental psychology, comparative psychology, evolutionary psychology, and philosophy of psychology, Zawidzki offers a strikingly original framework for understanding human social cognition.
Consequences of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Deficiency on Cell Migration in the Rostral Migratory Stream of the Mouse

In vertebrates, interneurons of the olfactory bulb (OB) are generated postnatally and throughout life at the subventricular zone of the forebrain. The neuronal precursors migrate tangentially through the forebrain using a well defined pathway, the rostral migratory stream (RMS), and a particular mode of migration in a chain-like organization. A severe size reduction of the OB represents the most striking morphological phenotype in neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-deficient mice. This defect has been traced back to a migration deficit of the precursors in the RMS and linked to the lack of the polysialylated form of NCAM. In this study we investigate the morphological alterations and functional properties of the RMS in mice totally devoid of all isoforms of NCAM and polysialic acid (PSA). We show that a morphologically altered, but defined and continuous pathway exists in mutants, and we present in vivo andin vitro evidence that PSA–NCAM in the RMS is not essential for the formation and migration of chains. Instead, we find a massive gliosis associated with the formation of membrane specializations in a heterotypic manner, linking precursors to astrocytes. This finding and the over-representation and defasciculation of axons in the pathway suggest that important interactions between migrating cells and their stationary environment are perturbed in the mutants. Finally, we used transplantation experiments to demonstrate that lack of PSA–NCAM leads to a decrease but not a total blockade of migration and demonstrate that the mutant RMS is functional in transporting normal neuronal precursors to the OB.
Adult tonsillectomy.

One hundred consecutive adult patients having tonsillectomy were carefully analysed with regard to preoperative history, operative findings and pathology. Follow-up was made at 1 and 3-year intervals, with particular reference to the patient's view of the outcome. Results of operation were compared with the clinical course of 100 age and sex-matched controls who had been on the waiting list for tonsillectomy for 2 or more years. These results are presented and a case is made for tonsillectomy in young adults as a valid and cost-effective procedure.
The phylogeny of the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera)

A new phylogenetic system of the Noctuidae is proposed. The system should, however, be regarded as provisional because it is primarily based on only two character complexes: the male genitalia and the tympanal region. The presence of preabdominal brush‐organs and the length of tibial spurs in the adult male, the presence of a ventral cervical gland and the lack of the SV 2 setae on the first abdominal segment of the larvae are considered. The results confirm the monophyly of the Noctuidae. The Herminiinae are considered to represent the sister‐group of all other Noctuidae. Remaining noctuid subfamilies are grouped in a series of clades for which the corresponding autapomorphies are given. Some formerly accepted subfamilies, such as the Acontiinae, prove to be polyphyletic. Accordingly, these subfamilies are subdivided into separate lineages. A sister‐group relationship between the Noctuidae and the Aganaidae is supported. These two families may be united with the Arctiidae to form a still broader clade.
N-[(E)-4-Chlorobenzylidene]-N′-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine

The title compound, C19H15ClN2, adopts an E configuration with respect to the position of the chlorobenzene and diphenylamine groups on the C=N azomethine bond. The molecule is not planar, the central six-membered ring making angles of 12.26 (10) and 44.18 (11)° with the 4-chlorophenyl and phenyl rings, respectively. In the crystal structure, weak C—H⋯π interactions contribute to the stabilization of the packing.
Which People with Specific Language Impairment have Auditory Processing Deficits?

An influential theory attributes developmental disorders of language and literacy to low‐level auditory perceptual difficulties. However, evidence to date has been inconsistent and contradictory. We investigated whether this mixed picture could be explained in terms of heterogeneity in the language‐impaired population. In Experiment 1, the behavioural responses of 16 people with specific language impairment (SLI) and 16 control listeners (aged 10 to 19 years) to auditory backward recognition masking (ABRM) stimuli and unmasked tones indicated that a subgroup of people with SLI are less able to discriminate between the frequencies of sounds regardless of their rate of presentation. Further, these people tended to be the younger participants, and were characterised by relatively poor nonword reading. In Experiment 2, the auditory event‐related potentials (ERPs) of the same groups to unmasked tones were measured. Listeners with SLI tended to have age‐inappropriate waveforms in the N1‐P2‐N2 region, regardless of their auditory discrimination scores in Experiment 1. Together, these results suggest that SLI may be characterised by immature development of auditory cortex, such that adult‐level frequency discrimination performance is attained several years later than normal.
The impact of social networks on the relationship between functional impairment and depressive symptoms in older adults

ABSTRACT Background: To examine the role of meaningful relationship characteristics, defined here as social network type, in relation to the association between functional impairment and depressive symptoms. Methods: The sample included respondents aged 65 years and older (n = 26,401) from the fourth wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Respondents were classified into one of seven relationship network types (Distal Children (living at a distance), Proximal Family (living nearby), Spouse, Other Family, Friend, Other, and No Network) according to the predominant characteristics of their most meaningful relationships. A two-stage regression analysis was performed in which the number of depressive symptoms was first regressed on the extent of functional impairment and network type, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, health, and country. In the second stage, variables representing the interactions between functional impairment and network type were considered. Results: The compositional characteristics of respondents’ relationships in later life, as defined by social network type, were associated with depressive symptoms. In particular, when experiencing functional impairment, those without any meaningful relationships were found to have more depressive symptoms when compared to all other network types. The findings underscore the importance of meaningful relationships for the mental health of older adults experiencing functional impairment as well as the risk of experiencing depression among those who maintain no personal social network. Conclusions: The study shows that differing constellations of meaningful relationships in later life yield different associations with mental health, especially when taking functional limitations into account.
Characteristics of atypical Neisseria gonorrhoeae from disseminated and localized infections

Approximately 6% of 1,200 clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were atypical because they produced smaller than normal colonies on conventioal chocolate agar and fermented glucose weakly. Auxotyping studies indicated that these atypical strains required for growth arginine, uracil, and, in most instances, hypoxanthine. In addition, all of them were susceptible to 0.02 U of penicillin/ml. None of the normal colony isolates, including those susceptible to the same low concentration of penicillin, had the same nutritional characteristics. Atypical strains comprised almost half of the isolates from disseminated infections, but only 5% of those from localized infections. Auxotyping was used to identify the contact of a patient who became reinfected nine times with an atypical gonoccal strain. In addition to its usefulness in such epidemiological studies, this technique has enabled us to distinguish a subgroup of gonococci with apparent increased pathogenicity.
Identidades culturales y lingüísticas en las Comunidades Autónomas Bilingües (CAB) de España: antecedentes y consecuencias Cultural and linguistic identities in the Bilingual Autonomous Communities (BAC) of Spain: Antecedents and consequences

ResumenEl contexto bilingue de algunas Comunidades Autonomas en Espana es un laboratorio natural donde se producen procesos de cambio social en las identidades culturales y linguisticas. Este articulo analiza algunos de los antecedentes y consecuencias de estas identidades. Una muestra de 2.446 estudiantes, distribuidos de forma similar entre cinco Comunidades Autonomas bilingues: Cataluna, Galicia, Navarra, Pais Vasco y Valencia, contestaron en un contexto intergrupal un cuestionario sobre identidad cultural y linguistica, uso y vitalidadde las lenguas autonomicas y del castellanoy actitudes intergrupales, entre otros. Los resultados muestran que se pueden distinguir la identidad cultural y la linguistica, tanto autonomica como espanola, y que la combinacion entre grados de identificacion con estas identidades da lugar a tres prototipos identitarios sociologica y psicosocialmente significativos: la Identidad Autonomica, la Identidad Espanola y la Identidad Autonomico-Espanola (Bilingue-bicultural). Los a.
Precision intrauterine contraception may significantly increase continuation of use: a review of long-term clinical experience with frameless copper-releasing intrauterine contraception devices

Objective The purpose of this paper is to review the experience with the frameless, anchored, GyneFix copper-releasing intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs/IUDs) (Contrel Europe, Belgium), and to demonstrate their high acceptability and low rate of discontinuation of use, which could contribute to current efforts that aim to reduce radically the high number of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions, particularly in young women. Materials and methods This paper is based on studies that examined the differences in uterine volume and cavity size, related to age and parity, and on original clinical research data and practical experience with frameless copper IUDs, as well as on literature data on the IUD–endometrial cavity relationship of conventional IUDs, with special reference to side effects and user discontinuation. Results The mean transverse diameter in nulliparous and parous women is significantly less than the length of the transverse arm of the TCu380A IUD (ParaGard, Duramed, NY, USA) or the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (Mirena, Bayer, Germany). Small, frameless, flexible, and unidimensional copper IUDs appear to be well tolerated, with less impact on menstrual bleeding, resulting in low discontinuation rates when compared with standard-size conventional IUDs, which often result in increased expulsion rates, complaints of pain and erratic or increased menstrual bleeding, and subsequent high rates of discontinuation, particularly in young women. Conclusion The unidimensional GyneFix IUDs fit the majority of uterine cavities. An IUD that fits is likely to result in increased tolerance and continued use of the method. As this would appeal to women, the logical result should be greater use of the method and fewer unintended pregnancies and induced abortions. Recommending the standard TCu380A (ParaGard) IUD or the Mirena levonorgestrel intrauterine system, primarily developed for use in parous women, for general use in nulliparous and adolescent women should be done with caution in the light of current scientific evidence, except if 3-D sonography indicates that the uterine cavity is sufficiently large.
When and why? A critical survey on coordination failure in the laboratory

Abstract Coordination games with Pareto-ranked equilibria have attracted major attention over the past two decades. Two early path-breaking sets of experimental studies were widely interpreted as suggesting that coordination failure is a common phenomenon in the laboratory. We identify the major determinants that seem to affect the incidence, and/or emergence, of coordination failure in the lab and review critically the existing experimental studies on coordination games with Pareto-ranked equilibria since that early evidence emerged. We conclude that there are many ways to engineer coordination successes.
An Analysis of Readers' Responses to Essays

Judging student writing is a difficult, time consuming task for both the classroom teacher and the researcher. Criteria of excellence for compositions remain ill-defined. This study is designed to define some easily measurable syntactic and semantic cues within student essays that predict and perhaps determine readers' responses, thereby facilitating the evaluators' task. In searching for the covert, quantifiable written cues that correlate with reader response, we rely on frequency counts to, as Braddock advises in Research in Written Composition, "discover certain key situations which are indices of larger areas of concern" (21) . Our larger area of concern consists of defining the basis for, or at least some predictors of, reader response.