Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Measurement of Refractive Index, Temperature, and Strain Using Etched-Core Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

This study demonstrates simultaneous measurement of three parameters viz. refractive index of surrounding medium, temperature, and strain using etched-core fiber Bragg grating sensors. Simultaneous measurement is achieved by exciting higher order modes in the sensor using an asymmetric nonadiabatic taper and measuring difference in their Bragg wavelength shifts due to different parameters. In order to simultaneously measure three parameters, three different order modes were excited in the sensor. The ability to measure multiple parameters is useful in bio-chemical measurements as it allows us to compensate for the change in Bragg wavelength with respect to change in temperature or strain. Thus, the sensors do not need to be stabilized.
Control of type 2 diabetes mellitus among general practitioners in private practice in nine countries of Latin America.

OBJECTIVES To better understand how diabetes care and control are being administered by general practitioners/nonspecialists in private practice in nine countries of Latin America, and to identify the most significant patient- and physician-related barriers to care. METHODS A multicenter, cross-sectional, epidemiological survey was conducted in nine countries in Latin America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela. General practitioners in private practice were asked to provide care and control data for patients 18 to 75 years of age with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including demographics, medical and medication history, laboratory exams, and information on the challenges of patient management. RESULTS Of the 3 592 patient questionnaires returned by 377 physicians, 60% of the patients had a family history of diabetes, 58% followed a poor diet, 71% were sedentary, and 79% were obese or overweight. Poor glycemic control (fasting blood glucose >or= 110 mg/dL) was observed in 78% of patients. The number of patients with HbA1c < 7.0% was 43.2%. Glycemic control decreased significantly with increased duration of T2DM. Comorbid conditions associated with T2DM were observed in 86% of patients; insulin use and comorbid conditions, especially those associated with microvascular complications, increased significantly disease duration. Ensuring compliance with recommended diet and exercise plans was the most-cited patient management challenge. CONCLUSIONS Blood glucose levels are undercontrolled in T2DM patients in the private health care system in Latin America, particularly among those who have had the disease the longest (>15 years). Considering the differences between private and public health care in Latin America, especially regarding the quality of care and access to medication, further studies are called for in the public setting. Overall, a more efficient and intensive program of T2DM control is required, including effective patient education programs, adjusted to the realities of Latin America.
Support vector machine classification and validation of cancer tissue samples using microarray expression data

MOTIVATION DNA microarray experiments generating thousands of gene expression measurements, are being used to gather information from tissue and cell samples regarding gene expression differences that will be useful in diagnosing disease. We have developed a new method to analyse this kind of data using support vector machines (SVMs). This analysis consists of both classification of the tissue samples, and an exploration of the data for mis-labeled or questionable tissue results. RESULTS We demonstrate the method in detail on samples consisting of ovarian cancer tissues, normal ovarian tissues, and other normal tissues. The dataset consists of expression experiment results for 97,802 cDNAs for each tissue. As a result of computational analysis, a tissue sample is discovered and confirmed to be wrongly labeled. Upon correction of this mistake and the removal of an outlier, perfect classification of tissues is achieved, but not with high confidence. We identify and analyse a subset of genes from the ovarian dataset whose expression is highly differentiated between the types of tissues. To show robustness of the SVM method, two previously published datasets from other types of tissues or cells are analysed. The results are comparable to those previously obtained. We show that other machine learning methods also perform comparably to the SVM on many of those datasets. AVAILABILITY The SVM software is available at http://www.cs. columbia.edu/ approximately bgrundy/svm.
AUTOESTIMA EN JÓVENES INDÍGENAS: BORUCAS Y TÉRRABAS

The present paper gives the results of a study that was based on exploration in selfesteem in two ethnic groups (Terrabas and Borucas). In this, 170 young people participated: 72 Terrabas and 98 Borucas. Both cases show good results with respect to the personal identity of young participants.
Cuenesics: using mid-air gestures to select items on interactive public displays

Most of today's public displays only show predefined contents that passers-by are not able to change. We argue that interactive public displays would benefit from immediately usable mid-air techniques for choosing options, expressing opinions or more generally selecting one among several items. We propose a design space for hand-gesture based mid-air selection techniques on interactive public displays, along with four specific techniques that we evaluated at three different locations in the the field. Our findings include: 1) if no hint is provided, people successfully use Point+Dwell for selecting items, 2) the user representation could be switched from Mirror to Cursor after registration without causing confusion, 3) people tend to explore items before confirming one, 4) in a public context, people frequently interact inadvertently (without looking at the screen). We conclude by providing recommendations for designers of interactive public displays to support immediate usability for mid-air selection.
DITNM: Dynamic interest transmission scheme in Content Centric Networking with name mapping

Content Centric Networking (CCN) is one of the representative Information Centric Networking (ICN) architectures. In CCN, data objects are accessed instead of end hosts, and each router maintains a large size of routing table consisting of all name prefixes announced by content servers. To improve the scalability of CCN, an alternative name space relating to Router IDentifier (RID) has been proposed for forwarding the interest instead of using the name prefix of data object, and a name mapping system is applied for mapping data objects related names to RID related names. In this paper we propose dynamic interest transmission scheme in CCN with name mapping (DIT-NM), in which interest can be forwarded towards dynamically chosen RID through dynamically chosen interface associated with the RID according to real-time monitoring network status and traffic load information. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using realistic network topologies with respect to latency and network link utilization. We also compare with the basic CCN model and multi-repository single path (MRSP) to highlight the advantages of our scheme. Achieved results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in reducing latency, improving robustness and balancing overall traffic distribution in name-mapping CCN environment.
Not Only a Battleground: Parliamentary Oral Questions Concerning Defence Policies in Four Western Democracies

Oral questions are usually seen as a procedure designed for political conflict. Yet question time may serve other purposes depending on the institutional setting, the political context and the policy field. By comparing the use of oral questions on the defence issue in the national parliaments of four Western democracies, the paper identifies a specific characteristic of questioning in each lower house: political conflict in Germany, internal dissent in the United Kingdom, reward of policy expertise in Spain and local issues in France. Such diverse uses of questioning procedures impact differently on the quality of the accountability process.
Body and Management Pedagogy

In this article I explore the impact of bodies in management education — why they have been ignored and what possibilities may be created when we understand them better. Bodies — including gestures, stature, posture and voice — shape and constrain how teachers and students act, what they think and what is taken away. The bodies of male and female teachers and students occupy different spaces and carry contrasting significations, resulting in different repertoires of embodied and disembodied pedagogical styles. Drawing on feminist scholarship, organizational research and my own bodily experiences and observations in management teaching, and despite the myth of disembodiment in rational classrooms, I suggest management pedagogy increasingly assumes and celebrates particular bodily performances. Rather than lament the constriction of stereotypical body regimes, I argue that making bodies more visible in management pedagogy has liberating possibilities for teachers and students and their learning.
Pseudo-radial solutions of semi-linear elliptic equations on symmetric domains

In this paper we investigate existence and characterization of non-radial pseudo-radial (or separable) solutions of some semi-linear elliptic equations on symmetric 2-dimensional domains. The problem reduces to the phase plane analysis of a dynamical system. In particular, we give a full description of the set of pseudo-radial solutions of equations of the form $\Delta u = \pm a^2(|x|) u|u|^{q-1}$, with $q>0$, $q\neq 1$. We also study such equations over spherical or hyperbolic symmetric domains.
Integrative Processes in Utterance Resolution

Abstract This study investigates how listeners integrate spoken utterances into a discourse representation. We covary discourse focus (whether the discourse structure foregrounds a particular protagonist), pragmatic inference, and type of anaphoric expression, using a cross-modal naming task where subjects hear a short discourse followed by a sentence fragment. Immediately at the offset of the fragment, a visual probe word is presented. This probe is either an appropriate or inappropriate continuation of the fragment, depending on how the sentence fragment has been interpreted in its discourse context. Naming latencies to the visual probe show that all three factors (pragmatic inference, discourse focus, and type of anaphor) can effectively link utterances to discourses, and that the language comprehension system is highly flexible in its use of different kinds of processing information. We discuss the implications of these findings for Fodor′s modularity hypothesis.
A new model of Social Support in Bereavement (SSB): An empirical investigation with a Chinese sample

ABSTRACT Bereavement can be an extremely stressful experience while the protective effect of social support is expected to facilitate the adjustment after loss. The ingredients or elements of social support as illustrated by a new model of Social Support in Bereavement (SSB), however, requires empirical evidence. Who might be the most effective providers of social support in bereavement has also been understudied, particularly within specific cultural contexts. The present study uses both qualitative and quantitative analyses to explore these two important issues among bereaved Chinese families and individuals. The results show that three major types of social support described by the SSB model were frequently acknowledged by the participants in this study. Aside from relevant books, family and friends were the primary sources of social support who in turn received support from their workplaces. Helping professionals turned out to be the least significant source of social support in the Chinese cultural context. Differences by gender, age, and bereavement time were also found. The findings render empirical evidence to the conceptual model of Social Support in Bereavement and also offer culturally relevant guidance for providing effective support to the bereaved.
Synovial Sarcoma: The Importance of Size and Location for Survival

A retrospective analysis was done on 135 consecutive patients with extremity and truncal synovial sarcomas seen at our institutions between 1961 and 1996. Ninety-nine patients (73%) presented with a newly diagnosed localized primary sarcoma, nine patients (7%) presented with a locally recurrent sarcoma previously treated at another institution, and 27 patients (20%) presented with metastatic disease. The median followup for surviving patients was 78 months (range, 20–420 months). The overall survival for patients with localized primary and locally recurrent synovial sarcoma was 51% at 10 years. Patients with localized synovial sarcomas less than 5 cm in longest diameter had a survival at 10 years of 88% compared with a 10-year survival of 38% and 8% for patients with sarcomas 5 to 10 cm and greater than 10 cm in longest diameter, respectively. Distal location (hands and feet) and histologic grade also were statistically significant predictors of patient survival for localized synovial sarcoma on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis size greater than 10 cm and size 5 to 10 cm were associated with an 18-fold and a 3.1-fold increased risk of death compared with tumors smaller than 5 cm. Grade and location were not found to be independent predictors of survival on multivariate analysis. Primary tumor size and initial status at presentation were prognostic for survival and patients with synovial sarcomas larger than 5 cm or locally recurrent at presentation should be considered for more aggressive surgical and adjunctive radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Performance Evaluation of Foreign Subsidiaries: A Review of the Literature and a Contingency Framework

During recent years, the literature on the international dimension of business has grown. In particular, the literature on headquarters–subsidiary relationships has expanded. This paper aims to review the literature on performance evaluation and elaborate an integrative contingency framework. This contingency framework helps to clarify the concept of performance evaluation and to classify existing contributions. Furthermore, the framework serves as a tool to identify potential influencing factors on performance evaluation at corporate and at subsidiary level. By reviewing existing studies, the paper analyses the impact of these influencing factors on performance evaluation and reveals mostly contradictory results or no significant impact at all. Based on the findings, more research outside the classical tradition of contingency approaches is suggested.
The Creative Climate: Its Determinants and Effects at a Swedish University

A study of the creative organizational and individual resources of a university in Sweden was carried out by Ryhammar (1996). A sample of I30 teachers answered several questionnaires on organizational parameters and went through creativity and personality tests. One of the questionnaires was a measure of the creativity aspects of the social climate. This study consisted of further analyses, according to a causal model, of the climate dimension and its relations to other organizational dimensions and to outcome in terms of assessed creative achievements of the different departments. Some of the results were logical, expected, and easy to interpret; others were more puzzling and could be tentatively explained only in view of the special character of the academic milieu and its inhabitants. The main and clear finding was that climate and resources seemed to exert the strongest influence on the creative outcome, and that climate operated in the organization as a lever for leadership and as a manifestation on .
Student Perspectives on Family Therapy Training

Abstract In this study, surveys assessing the perceived training needs of marriage and family therapy (MFT) students were sent to ten MFT programs across the country and distributed to alumni and current students. A total of 42 responses were received (approximately 21%) from students across the country. Students preferred curricula that included information on theoretical models as well as practical application. They also desired information concerning special topics such as sexual abuse, therapy with children and the elderly, psychotropic medication, and substance abuse. Students emphasized the importance of the integration of theory with practice and valued collaborative learning approaches over simple lecture formats. Recommendations for training programs are made.
Learning To Hope, Or Hoping To Learn?

This article introduces the concept of teachers' vision-teachers' images of ideal classroom practice. Drawing from surveys of 80 teachers and interviews with 16 teachers, the author advances three dimensions that can be used to characterize visions-the focus, range, and distance. Portraits of the visions of two novice teachers help demonstrate the range of visions as well as the different roles vision plays in teachers' lives. Understanding and identifying variations in the range, distance, and focus of these two visions-along with differences in contexts-can help us see how these two teachers come to very different understandings about school and about teaching and learning. The article concludes with an exploration of how the concept of vision might provide novice teachers with a tool that may help them surface and interrogate their beliefs, identify steps to promising practices, and even assist them in selecting contexts in which they can thrive and flourish.
MARCHENKO IMAGING

Traditionally, the Marchenko equation forms a basis for 1D inverse scattering problems. A 3D extension of the Marchenko equation enables the retrieval of the Green’s response to a virtual source in the subsurface from reflection measurements at the earth’s surface. This constitutes an important step beyond seismic interferometry. Whereas seismic interferometry requires a receiver at the position of the virtual source, for the Marchenko scheme it suffices to have sources and receivers at the surface only. The underlying assumptions are that the medium is lossless and that an estimate of the direct arrivals of the Green’s function is available. The Green’s function retrieved with the 3D Marchenko scheme contains accurate internal multiples of the inhomogeneous subsurface. Using source-receiver reciprocity, the retrieved Green’s function can be interpreted as the response to sources at the surface, observed by a virtual receiver in the subsurface. By decomposing the 3D Marchenko equation, the response at the virtual receiver can be decomposed into a downgoing field and an upgoing field. By deconvolving the retrieved upgoing field with the downgoing field, a reflection response is obtained, with virtual sources and virtual receivers in the subsurface. This redatumed reflection response is free of spurious events related to internal multiples in the overburden. The redatumed reflection response forms the basis for obtaining an image of a target zone. An important feature is that spurious reflections in the target zone are suppressed, without the need to resolve first the reflection properties of the overburden.
What Are Consumers Afraid of? Understanding Perceived Risk toward the Consumption of Environmentally Sustainable Apparel

The purpose was to gain an in-depth understanding of the risks that young consumers perceive with respect to consuming apparel products that are environmentally sustainable. Two studies were conducted, using a total of three sets of samples from South Korea and the United States. As a result of Study 1, an exploratory measure was developed and validated for perceived risk that was specifically associated with the consumption of environmentally sustainable apparel. This also took into account the multidimensional nature of perceived risk. As a result of Study 2, a structural model was developed and tested, illustrating the effects that each dimension of perceived risk had on attitudes and behavioral intentions. These studies resulted in the identification of four primary risks, including financial, performance, psychological, and social risks, that keep young consumers from deciding to purchase environmentally sustainable apparel. The results demonstrated that the significance and effect size of the perceived risks were different for the four dimensions. Also, the results indicated that attitudes can act as a mediator between perceived risks and behavioral intentions. These results should help practitioners to become more effective in persuading young consumers to make better choices to minimize the environmental impact of their apparel consumption. The results could also be used to encourage the cultivation and development of apparel products that are sustainable.
What Can Research Tell us about Teacher Education?

If it is true that educational research should not merely offer us better understandings of educational processes, but also offer us suggestions for good practice by ascertaining 'what works' most effectively in diverse contexts, then there are potentially four ways in which such research could be of use to those engaged in teacher education. This paper explores three of them-those which it argues are of most use to teacher educators. From research into the processes of teaching and learning we have learned a great deal about the complex nature of teachers' expertise and the extent to which it is determined by highly specific contexts. In seeking to understand more about the processes involved in learning to teach we have come to recognise the strength of the personal agendas that beginning teachers bring with them and the active role they play in negotiating their own learning. On this basis research offers teacher educators a number of suggestions for good practice: about the ways in which we should expect beginning teachers to make use of research-based generalisations; about how we can help them gain access to the wealth of expertise embedded in the practice of experienced teachers; and about how we can encourage them to subject their own preconceptions to serious critical evaluation.
Susceptibility to UV-A and UV-B provocation does not correlate with disease severity of polymorphic light eruption.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether the ease of disease provocation by UV-A and/or UV-B radiation correlates with clinical features of polymorphic light eruption (PLE), including those indicative of disease severity. DESIGN Intervention study. PATIENTS One hundred forty-three patients with PLE. INTERVENTIONS Provocation testing with broadband UV-A and UV-B lamps. Additionally, a range of clinical characteristics of the disorder, including a 5-item PLE severity score, was assessed by questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percentage of PLE rash induction by UV-A and UV-B provocation, differences between the skin types, and correlation between the results of provocation and a range of clinical characteristics of the disorder, including a 5-item PLE severity score. RESULTS Rash provocation was seen in 78.3% of patients after UV-A and in 46.7% after UV-B exposure. Neither UV-A nor UV-B provocation showed a significant association with the total 5-item severity score. The UV-B reactivity was associated with a high score on the severity item "number of months affected per year" (P = .04), whereas UV-A responsiveness showed a tendency for association with facial involvement (P = .06). CONCLUSION The objective assessment of UV-A or UV-B susceptibility in this large group of patients showed no significant relationship with clinical disease severity.