Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individual Predictors of Community Costs Before and After Housing First

Using bivariate and multivariate models, the authors find that individual characteristics are associated with community costs accrued by a sample of individuals who were homeless for one year and then housed for one year (N = 41). Higher pre-Housing First total costs are associated with male gender and those with physical health conditions or physical and mental health conditions combined; post-Housing First, age and disability status dissipate as predictors of total costs. Significant individual level predictors of pre- and post-Housing First costs across the 11 community cost domains include male gender, age, racial identity, duration of homelessness, and disability status.
Research on lapse in life insurance: what has been done and what needs to be done?

The intention of this paper is to review research on lapse in life insurance and to outline potential new areas of research in this field. We consider theoretical lapse rate models as well as empirical research on life insurance lapse and provide a classification of these two streams of research. More than 50 theoretical and empirical papers from this important field of research are reviewed. Challenges for lapse rate modeling, lapse risk mitigation techniques, and possible trends in future lapse behavior are discussed. The risks arising from lapse are of high economic importance. As such, lapsation is of interest not only to academics, but is also highly relevant for the industry, regulators, and policymakers.
Incentives in Basic Research

Individuals involved in basic research, like other workers, respond to incentives. Funding agencies provide implicit incentives when they specify the rules by which awards are made. The following analysis is an exercise in understanding incentives at an applied level. Specific rules are examined. What is the effect of rewarding past effort? What happens when a few large awards are replaced by many small awards? How does the timing of an award affect effort? How does an agency choose which topics to fund? Socially optimal rules are derived.
High-Water Marks and Hedge Fund Management Contracts with Partial Information

This paper extends the Goetzmann et al. (J Financ 58:1685–1717, 2003) model to the case of partial information, where the expected return of a hedge fund is not observable but known to be either high or low. The fund manager can dynamically update his belief about the true value of the expected return based on the realization of the net asset value of the hedge fund. Our main purpose is to study the impact of the uncertainty of the expected return on the pricing of the fund manager’s various fees and the investor’s claim. The results show that partial information has significant impact on the values of the fees and the claim. Specifically, a non-updating fund manager always underestimate the values, and more often than not, the amount underestimated is very significant. The closer the net asset value gets to the high-water mark or the larger the uncertainty of the expected return is, the bigger the amount underestimated will become.
The Nature and Roles of Small Tourism Businesses in Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Guangxi, China

This research examines the characteristics and economic effects of small tourism businesses in the context of pro-poor tourism development. The sample came from a survey in rural Guangxi, China. A large majority of the businesses were micro in scale, newly established, and run by couples. Business-owners had a low level of educational attainment, but had rich relevant work experience. The economic contribution of the business to the owner and the owner's family was substantial and well recognized. Implications were drawn for future research.
Corporate Reporting on the Internet

In this paper, we examine firms' use of the Internet to enhance the relevance of their financial reporting. We define a firm as practicing Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) when it provides in its web site either (1) a comprehensive set of financial statements (including footnotes and the auditors' report), (2) a link to its annual report elsewhere on the Internet or (3) a link to the U.S. Security and Exchange Commission's (SEC) Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) system. While 70 percent of the firms in our sample engage in IFR, we find substantial variation in the quality of firms' IFR practices. Specifically, the variations in quality pertain to the timeliness and therefore, the usefulness of firms' financial reporting on the Internet. We find that some firms provide more timely financial disclosures via the Internet (e.g., monthly sales) while other firms report outdated financial data (e.g., two‐year old annual reports). We also observe that the usefulness of firms' financial .
Do Takeover Targets Underperform? Evidence from Operating and Stock Returns

Abstract Financial economists seem to believe that takeovers are partly motivated by the desire to improve poorly performing firms. However, prior empirical evidence in support of this inefficient management hypothesis is rather weak. We provide a detailed re-examination of this hypothesis in a large scale empirical study. We find little evidence that target firms were performing poorly before acquisition, using either operating or stock returns. This result holds both for the sample as a whole and for subsamples of takeovers that are more likely to be disciplinary. We conclude that the conventional view that targets perform poorly is not supported by the data.
Explaining Congressional Attempts to Reverse Supreme Court Decisions

This research examines what factors are likely to cause the Congress to attempt to reverse Supreme Court decisions that hold federal laws unconstitutional during the Warren, Burger, and early years of the Rehnquist courts. First, we outline a general theory of congressional motivation to reverse Supreme Court decisions that looks to both electoral considerations and the need to safeguard congressional power as the primary motivating factors. Using a data set consisting of 65 Court decisions that reversed all or part of some federal statute(s), we test our hypotheses using a probit model to predict when the Congress will take counteraction. We find that the electoral considerations of public opinion and interest group pressure are likely to lead to a congressional response, while the institutional considerations of court unanimity and the age of the legislation struck down are also important. The congress, however, is most likely not to take any decision reversal action.
cDNA cloning and transcriptional regulation of the vitellogenin receptor from the imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

We describe the cloning of the first hymenopteran vitellogenin receptor (VgR) cDNA from the imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, an invasive pest. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends, fragments encompassing the entire coding region of a putative VgR were cloned and sequenced. The complete 5764 bp cDNA encodes a 1782 residue protein with a predicted molecular mass of 201.3 kDa (=SiVgR). Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the 7.4 kb SiVgR transcript was present only in ovaries of reproductive females (virgin alates and queens). The temporal profile of transcriptional expression showed that SiVgR mRNA increased with age in virgin alate females and that this was up‐regulated by methoprene, a juvenile hormone (JH) analogue. This suggests that the SiVgR gene is JH regulated.
International retirement migration and tourism along the Lake Chapala Riviera: Developing a matrix of retirement migration behaviour

International retirement migration is an area of increasing concern to social scientists because of the anticipated increase in migration due to changes in the nature of today's retirement cohort, e.g. the greying of the Baby Boom generation, longer life expectancy, and improvements in travel and communication. Tourism destinations often possess the amenities and qualities desired by retirees, but research on the nature of the migrants, their impacts upon a destination, and the ties between tourism and retirement migration is sparse. This article argues that the models regarding retirement migration and tourism destinations (e.g. the tourism resort cycle) share common features and that these linkages need to be further developed to aid our understanding of international retirement migration. The Lake Chapala Riviera in Jalisco, Mexico attracts thousands of foreign visitors and retirees from North America and is considered one of the oldest and most popular international retirement destinations. According to local officials and residents, a group of 'new' retirees/visitors has emerged over the past decade, and is having a noticeable impact upon both the cultural landscape and on the socio-cultural integrity of the area. This paper presents a conceptual matrix of retirement migration based on survey results from the area.
Unravelling the Global City Debate. Economic Inequality and Ethnocentrism in Contemporary Dutch Cities

textabstractIt is hard to overestimate the scholarly impact of Saskia Sassen’s global city theoretical framework, which revolves around the impact of economic globalization on the social, economic, and political reality of cities in advanced economies. Yet, more than two decades of research dedicated to a ‘global city debate’ have left its main issues unresolved. In Unravelling the Global City Debate Jeroen van der Waal argues that this is because scholars have hitherto merely interpreted urban change according to the central theoretical notions in this debate, and neglected to assess their empirical validity. Therefore he unravels the global city debate into the distinct theoretical notions it consists of and puts these to rigorous empirical tests by using data on one of the most urbanized and globalized developed economies in the world: the Netherlands. By doing so, he shows that the standard research practice in the global city debate leaves much to be desired, for it yields both an under- and overestimation of the impact of economic globalization on urban labour markets in contemporary cities in the advanced economies
Human Rights and the Global South: the case of disability

Abstract This article seeks to examine the politics of human rights and disability in light of the recent United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UNCRPD), which has been central to the struggle for recognition of disabled people. Northern discourses of disability rights have strongly influenced the UNCRPD. We argue that many of the everyday experiences of disabled people in the global South lie outside the reach of human rights instruments. So we ask what, if anything, can these instruments contribute to the struggle for disability justice in the South? While Northern discourses promote an examination of disabled bodies in social dynamics, we argue that the politics of impairment in the global South must understand social dynamics in bodies.
Attitudes and motivations of Polish students towards entrepreneurial activity

Purpose – The Polish economy is continuing its expansion through the adoption of free market economics in the post‐communist era. To encourage this growth in a future where difficult global economic conditions are likely to persist, it is essential that entrepreneurial activity is encouraged within the next generation of graduates. This study aims to explore the attitudes and motivations of Polish students towards an entrepreneurship education programme.Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the research objectives the methodological approach adopted for this study involved semi‐structured interviews undertaken with 122 Polish students. Each student undertook an interview within which they were asked to reflect on the impact of an entrepreneurship education programme on their entrepreneurial attitudes and motivations.Findings – This study builds on Jones et al., whose “snapshot” study found that Polish students had limited prior entrepreneurial experiences and expectations and welcomed the opportunity t.
Detection of Gas Embolism by Transesophageal Echocardiography During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), 16 patients (ASA physical status I-III), undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, were assessed for the occurrence of episodes of gas embolism and cardiovascular changes related to those emboli. The long-axis four-chamber view was monitored continuously, except for predetermined intervals where the transgastric short-axis view was obtained to derive the end-diastolic area (EDA), the end-systolic area (ESA), and the ejection fraction (EF). In one patient, we monitored the longitudinal view of the superior and the inferior vena cava. The monitoring of the patients also included: heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), arterial saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO2), end-tidal CO2 (ETCO (2)), minute ventilation (VE), and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP). Embolic events were defined as the appearance of gas bubbles in the right cardiac chambers. We observed gas embolism in 11/16 patients (five during peritoneal insufflation and six during gallbladder dissection). Using the longitudinal view of the superior and inferior vena cava (IVC), we found that these emboli were transmitted through the IVC. No episode of cardiorespiratory instability (decrease in MAP >or=to 10 mm Hg, SpO2 < 90%) was observed. There was no significant difference in cardiorespiratory variables between patients who presented gas embolism (n = 11) and patients who did not (n = 5) during the studied period. In this small group of patients, we conclude that gas embolism occurs commonly during laparoscopic cholecystectomy but that these gas emboli cause minimal cardiorespiratory instability. (Anesth Analg 1996;82:119-24)
Breaking Through the Access Barrier: How Academic Capital Formation Can Improve Policy in Higher Education

Preface Acknowledgements 1. Introduction Part I. Academic Capital Formation 2. Reframing 3. Family and Community Engagement 4. Academic Preparation 5. College Transitions 6. Engaged Learning 7. College Success and Commitment to Uplift Part II. Improving Public Policy 8. Academic Capital Formation 9. Informing Public Policy References
Relationships among three facets of family-supportive work environments, work–family conflict and job satisfaction: a research in Greece

The purpose of the present study is to extend the line of current enquiry related to family-supportive work environments (FSWEs), and their relationships to work–family conflict (WFC) and job satisfaction. Three facets of a FSWE are examined: family (non-) supportive culture, family-supportive management (FSM) and the model of ideal worker. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey from 612 employees. The results indicate that among the three facets of a FSWE, FSM appears to better predict both WFC and job satisfaction. Furthermore, WFC was negatively related to job satisfaction. An intriguing result is that the ideal worker model – manifested via long hours of work, visibility, availability and the dominance of organisation's needs over the family ones – was found to be positively related to job satisfaction, whilst it has no impact on WFC. Finally, the implications for practice and future research are discussed.
A consensus view of protein dynamics

The dynamics of proteins in aqueous solution has been investigated through a massive approach based on “state of the art” molecular dynamics simulations performed for all protein metafolds using the four most popular force fields (OPLS, CHARMM, AMBER, and GROMOS). A detailed analysis of the massive database of trajectories (>1.5 terabytes of data obtained using ≈50 years of CPU) allowed us to obtain a robust-consensus picture of protein dynamics in aqueous solution.
Macroeconomic Uncertainty and Fear Measures Extracted From Index Options

We demonstrate that about half the time series variation in two popular market-wide fear indices extracted from S&P 500 index options prices n the at-the-money implied volatility (ATMIV), and the ratio of implied volatilities of out-of-the-money puts and calls (P/C)n can be explained by investors’ learning of the state of fundamentals through business cycles. Our model ATMIV is higher during periods of higher uncertainty about earnings growth and captures the information in standard macroeconomic variables in the volatility literature. The model P/C is higher during periods of higher expected earnings growth, but varies quite signicantly with ination expectations. It makes investor sentiment measures from the empirical behavioral nance literature insignicant. As further support for the learning mechanism we demonstrate the ability of our model to explain (i) the positive relation between volatility and the volatility of volatility, (ii) the puzzling change in sign of the relation between P/E and put-call ratios in 1994, and (iii) The negative (positive) association between short rates and ATMIV in periods of stimulative (non-stimulative) monetary policy. None of these three stylized facts can be explained by standard option pricing models (such as Heston’s stochastic volatility model).
The Effect of Tax and Nontax Country Characteristics on the Global Equity Supply Chains of U.S. Multinationals

We examine the global equity supply chains of U.S. multinationals to explore how tax and nontax country characteristics affect whether firms use foreign holding companies and where they locate them. We find that U.S. multinationals supply equity from headquarters to their foreign operating companies through foreign holding companies located in countries that lightly tax equity distributions. We also find that foreign holding companies tend to be located in countries with less corruption and investment risk than the countries in which the operating companies they own are located. In addition, we provide empirical evidence that the Netherlands, a well-known location for international tax planning, is a particularly popular site for foreign equity holding companies. Our findings contribute to a nascent literature that examines ownership chains in multinational companies and a larger literature on subsidiary location decisions for multinationals. The findings also provide empirical evidence that could be useful to governments in developed countries as they attempt to reform international tax policy.
An Analysis of Globalization and Higher Education in Malaysia

This study aims to examine the impact of globalization on private higher education in Malaysia. The impact of globalization and the development of knowledge-based economy have caused much dramatic change to the character and functions of higher education in Malaysia. The major trend is the reforming and restructuring of private higher education in Malaysia to make it more competitive globally. If Malaysia is serious in turning into an “education hub”, strategies and policies have to be in place to attract international students to study with a local university with international standards.
Graduate Outcomes for Australian Overseas Accounting Students: The issue of Unemployment and Beyond

Australia is an attractive destination for many overseas students in the past decade. A large proportion of them came here to study postgraduate accounting courses. However, the employment outcomes of those overseas graduates show far less optimistic figures, although the Australian government has continuously stressed on the importance of the accounting profession to the society. This paper throws some light upon the reasons behind this problem. It also investigates what have been, and should be done to make up for this situation. Unlike much previous literature examining the similar issue by relying heavily on large scale surveys, this paper incorporates interview results with overseas postgraduate accounting students and some corporate managers to add a layer of more in-depth perspective. Apparently, language and employability skills are the largest concern for Australian employers. The paper is contributive to both the accounting education industry and the relevant government departments.
Accounting measures of operating performance outcomes for Australian mergers

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyse success at the corporate level for 72 Australian mergers between publicly listed firms during the period 1999-2004, and to reassess evidence in earlier Australian studies that contrasts findings from other countries which report a decline in post-merger operating performance. Design/methodology/approach - A number of accounting operating performance measures for profitability, cash flow, efficiency, leverage and growth are used to proxy for the success of the merger, which is defined in terms of an improvement in each merged firm's industry-adjusted operating performance between the pre and post-merger period. Both non-parametric and parametric comparisons of these measures are presented. Findings - Some evidence that mergers improve the operating performance of the post-merger firm is found. Industry adjusted profitability, cash flows, efficiency and leverage measures were higher in the post-merger period. Research limitations/implications - The findings of this study are limited by the small sample size, the focus on listed firms, and the use of only operating financial measures of merger success. Future research could examine more mergers over a longer time period, use alternative methods of performance benchmarking, and use alternative measures of merger success, such as share price performance. Originality/value - Australian mergers led to improved corporate performance during the period 1999-2004. This result is consistent with findings in other countries but has not been found in prior Australian research.
Social learning for solving complex problems: a promising solution or wishful thinking? A case study of multi-actor negotiation for the integrated management and sustainable use of the Drentsche Aa area in the Netherlands

Social learning has been championed as a promising approach to address complex resource problems. According to theory, social learning requires several pre-conditions to be met, including (1) a divergence of interests, (2) mutual interdependence and (3) the ability to communicate. This article investigates what happened when social learning was put into practice in a multi-actor negotiation platform in the Dutch Drentsche Aa area. Our findings show that, although the platform aimed for open dialogue and at first sight appeared to meet the conditions, social learning was not achieved and the negotiations stagnated because of disagreement, frustration and distrust. Further analysis shows that the process was characterized from the beginning by unequal power relations, which enabled a dominant coalition to impose its problem definition and limit possible solutions. The article concludes by discussing the implications of our findings for the theory and practice of social learning Keywords participation • natural resource problems • competing claims • nature conservation policy • multi-stakeholder negotiation platforms