Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Thrombosis of a High-Flow Carotid-Cavernous Fistula after Failed Transarterial Balloon Occlusion

A 62-year-old man with a traumatic high-flow right carotid-cavernous fistula was treated by transarterial balloon occlusion technique. However, because of the relatively small size of the fistula, the balloon could not enter into the cavernous sinus via the fistula. During the procedure, the shunt flow decreased significantly, and we stopped the procedure. Follow-up angiography performed 14 days after the procedure showed complete occlusion of the fistula with a small residual pseudoaneurysm. One year later, the pseudoaneurysm had decreased in size. Repeated transient decrease and stagnancy of blood flow at the fistula during the balloon procedure may have played an important role in the thrombosis in this patient.
Making a place for pleasure in early childhood education

Kindergarten kissing games; four-year-olds playing doctor; a teacher holding a crying child on his lap as he comforts her. Interactions like these - spontaneous and pleasurable - are no longer encouraged in American early childhood classrooms, and in some cases they are forbidden. The quality of the lives of our children and their teachers is thereby diminished, contend the contributors to this book. In response to much-publicised incidents of child abuse by caretakers, a "moral panic" has swept over early childhood education. In this book, experienced teachers of young children and teacher education experts issue a plea for sanity, for restoring a sense of balance to preschool, nursery school and kindergarten classrooms. The contributors to this book explore how caretakers of preschool children and other adults have overreacted to fears about child abuse. Drawing on feminist, gay, and poststructural theories, the authors argue for the restoration of pleasure as a goal of early childhood education.
New technologies and antenna design concepts at millimeter-wave bands

Research activities in the framework of millimeter-wave applications are presented and discussed. Studies are focused on the investigation of low-losses dielectric substrates, such as benzocyclobutene, and hybrid array configurations for efficient broadband performances at millemeter frequencies. Validation examples of both technology and design approaches are reported.
RF Class-D Amplification With Bandpass Sigma–Delta Modulator Drive Signals

The power efficiency of a RF Class-D amplifier with a bandpass sigma-delta (SigmaDeltaM) modulator is analyzed for a complementary voltage-switched configuration. The modulator broadens the application of the amplifier to include signals with time varying envelopes such as W-CDMA. The addition of a modulator introduces new design variables which affect amplifier power efficiency including coding efficiency and the average transition frequency of the pulse train. Design equations are derived for the optimum load impedance, output power, conduction losses, capacitive switching losses, and drain efficiency. The general design equations are consistent with both periodic and aperiodic drive signals. Analytic and simulated results are compared for an example design with pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor and metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor switches with a fourth-order bandpass SigmaDeltaM. The results show a drain efficiency of 52% with a 10-dB peak-to-average power ratio W-CDMA source signal at a frequency of 500 MHz
The molecular mechanism of lipid monolayer collapse

Lipid monolayers at an air–water interface can be compressed laterally and reach high surface density. Beyond a certain threshold, they become unstable and collapse. Lipid monolayer collapse plays an important role in the regulation of surface tension at the air–liquid interface in the lungs. Although the structures of lipid aggregates formed upon collapse can be characterized experimentally, the mechanism leading to these structures is not fully understood. We investigate the molecular mechanism of monolayer collapse using molecular dynamics simulations. Upon lateral compression, the collapse begins with buckling of the monolayer, followed by folding of the buckle into a bilayer in the water phase. Folding leads to an increase in the monolayer surface tension, which reaches the equilibrium spreading value. Immediately after their formation, the bilayer folds have a flat semielliptical shape, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The folds undergo further transformation and form either flat circular bilayers or vesicles. The transformation pathway depends on macroscopic parameters of the system: the bending modulus, the line tension at the monolayer–bilayer connection, and the line tension at the bilayer perimeter. These parameters are determined by the system composition and temperature. Coexistence of the monolayer with lipid aggregates is favorable at lower tensions of the monolayer–bilayer connection. Transformation into a vesicle reduces the energy of the fold perimeter and is facilitated for softer bilayers, e.g., those with a higher content of unsaturated lipids, or at higher temperatures.
Hepatic uptake of -butyrobetaine, a precursor of carnitine biosynthesis, in rats

Masaharu Fujita, Takeo Nakanishi, Yuta Shibue, Daisuke Kobayashi, Richard H. Moseley, Yoshiyuki Shirasaka, and Ikumi Tamai Department of Membrane Transport and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan; and Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Facilitating the Pygmalion effect: The overlooked role of subordinate perceptions of the leader

For many years, the Pygmalion effect has served as a colourful, conceptual reminder of the power of supervisory expectations in enhancing subordinate performance. However, regardless of the myriad of studies that have sought to replicate this effect and identify its parameters, little attention has actually been paid to the processes underlying this phenomenon. Rather, the existing model implies that the subordinate is an ‘always-willing’, yet somewhat ‘passive’ recipient of Pygmalion-oriented leader efforts. Our theoretical paper unpacks the role of subordinate perceptions of the leader and considers how it can influence receptiveness to the leader's Pygmalion-oriented efforts. By revisiting and building upon the original Pygmalion model, we attempt to enrich our understanding of this phenomenon, as well as to offer insight into why not all Pygmalion leader efforts are equally successful.
Activation of the macroautophagic system in scrapie-infected experimental animals and human genetic prion diseases

Macroautophagy is an important process for removing misfolded and aggregated protein in cells, the dysfunction of which has been directly linked to an increasing number of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the details of macroautophagy in prion diseases remain obscure. Here we demonstrated that in the terminal stages of scrapie strain 263K-infected hamsters and human genetic prion diseases, the microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) was converted from the cytosolic form to the autophagosome-bound membrane form. Macroautophagy substrate sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) and polyubiquitinated proteins were downregulated in the brains of sick individuals, indicating enhanced macroautophagic protein degradation. The levels of mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) and phosphorylated MTOR (p-MTOR) were significantly decreased, which implies that this enhancement of the macroautophagic response is likely through the MTOR pathway which is a negative regulator for the initiation of macroautophagy. Dynamic assays of the autophagic system in the brains of scrapie experimental hamsters after inoculation showed that alterations of the autophagic system appeared along with the deposits of PrPSc in the infected brains. Immunofluorescent assays revealed specific staining of autophagosomes in neurons that were not colocalized with deposits of PrPSc in the brains of scrapie infected hamsters, however, autophagosome did colocalize with PrPSc in a prion-infected cell line after treatment with bafilomycin A1. These results suggest that activation of macroautophagy in brains is a disease-correlative phenomenon in prion diseases.
Role of mechanical ventilation & development of multidrug resistant organisms in hospital acquired pneumonia.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Among hospital-acquired infections, pneumonia is considered to be the leading cause of death mainly in patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units (ICUs). The present study was undertaken to estimate the occurrence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) as well as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) along with the effect of different variables and to detect the presence of multi drug resistant (MDR) organisms in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS Of the 328 patients admitted in the ICU during 2001, 241 stayed for > 72 h and 148 were ventilated. The respiratory specimens collected from the cases and controls were sent for cytology, bacterial culture and antimicrobial sensitivity. RESULTS The overall rate of HAP was 53.9 per cent, mortality rate was 47.3 per cent and attributable risk of mortality with ventilator was 72.3 per cent. Occurrence of VAP was 81.7 per cent. The rate of acquisition of HAP increased along with the duration of stay in the ICU. Of the total bacterial isolates, 96.2 per cent were obtained from patients on ventilator, an overall preponderance of Gram-negative bacteria, commonest being Pseudomonas spp along with 16.3 per cent polymicrobial infection was found in ICU. A significant number of ICU isolates were MDR in comparison to those from the non-ICU settings. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Mechanical ventilation and duration of ICU stay emerged as important risk factors for the development of HAP and VAP. MDR Gram-negative bacilli were the commonest respiratory pathogens responsible for increased mortality in patients with VAP.
SRAM design in fully-depleted SOI technology

Continued increase in variability is a challenge for SRAM scaling into sub-22nm nodes, and presents an opportunity for the introduction of alternate technologies. In this work, the performance and threshold-voltage variability of vertical SOI finFETs are compared against those of planar fully depleted (FD) SOI MOSFETs with thin buried oxide, and are presented as an alternative to planar bulk CMOS. Analytical modeling derived from 3D device simulations is used to estimate six-transistor SRAM cell performance and yield metrics.
The abrupt development of adult-like grid cell firing in the medial entorhinal cortex

Understanding the development of the neural circuits subserving specific cognitive functions such as navigation remains a central problem in neuroscience. Here, we characterize the development of grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex, which, by nature of their regularly spaced firing fields, are thought to provide a distance metric to the hippocampal neural representation of space. Grid cells emerge at the time of weaning in the rat, at around 3 weeks of age. We investigated whether grid cells in young rats are functionally equivalent to those observed in the adult as soon as they appear, or if instead they follow a gradual developmental trajectory. We find that, from the very youngest ages at which reproducible grid firing is observed (postnatal day 19): grid cells display adult-like firing fields that tessellate to form a coherent map of the local environment; that this map is universal, maintaining its internal structure across different environments; and that grid cells in young rats, as in adults, also encode a representation of direction and speed. To further investigate the developmental processes leading up to the appearance of grid cells, we present data from individual medial entorhinal cortex cells recorded across more than 1 day, spanning the period before and after the grid firing pattern emerged. We find that increasing spatial stability of firing was correlated with increasing gridness.
Using Word Embeddings for Bilingual Unsupervised WSD

Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is one of the challenging problems in natural language processing. Recently, an unsupervised bilingual WSD approach has been proposed. This approach uses context aware EM formulation for estimating the sense distribution by using the co-occurrence counts of cross-linked words in comparable corpora. WordNet-based similarity measures are used for approximating the co-occurrence counts. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of the use of Word Embeddings for approximating these counts, which is an extension to the existing approach. We evaluated our approach for Hindi-Marathi language pair, on Health domain. On us-ing the combination of Word Embeddings and WordNet-based similarity measures, we observed 8.5% and 2.5% improvement in the F-score of verbs and adjectives respectively for Marathi and 7% improvement in the F-score of adjectives for Hindi. The experiments show that the combination of Word Embeddings and WordNet-based similarity measures is a reasonable approximation for the bilingual WSD.
Which Response Format Reveals the Truth about Donations to a Public Good

Several contingent valuation studies have found that the open-ended format yields lower estimates of willingness to pay (WTP) than does the closed-ended, or dichotomous choice, format. In this study, WTP for a public environmental good was estimated under four conditions: actual payment in response to open-ended and closed-ended requests, and hypothetical payment in response to open-ended and closed-ended requests. The experimental results, showing that the response format mattered far more for hypothetical than for actual payments, support conclusions about the reasons that the dichotomous choice format yields larger estimates of hypothetical WTP, conclusions that hinge on the hypothetical nature of contingent valuation.
Association of Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups with Exceptional Longevity in a Chinese Population

Background Longevity is a multifactorial trait with a genetic contribution, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms were found to be involved in the phenomenon of longevity. Methodology/Principal Findings To explore the effects of mtDNA haplogroups on the prevalence of extreme longevity (EL), a population based case-control study was conducted in Rugao – a prefecture city in Jiangsu, China. Case subjects include 463 individuals aged ≥95 yr (EL group). Control subjects include 926 individuals aged 60–69 years (elderly group) and 463 individuals aged 40–49 years (middle-aged group) randomly recruited from Rugao. We observed significant reduction of M9 haplogroups in longevity subjects (0.2%) when compared with both elderly subjects (2.2%) and middle-aged subjects (1.7%). Linear-by-linear association test revealed a significant decreasing trend of N9 frequency from middle-aged subjects (8.6%), elderly subjects (7.2%) and longevity subjects (4.8%) (p = 0.018). In subsequent analysis stratified by gender, linear-by-linear association test revealed a significant increasing trend of D4 frequency from middle-aged subjects (15.8%), elderly subjects (16.4%) and longevity subjects (21.7%) in females (p = 0.025). Conversely, a significant decreasing trend of B4a frequency was observed from middle-aged subjects (4.2%), elderly subjects (3.8%) and longevity subjects (1.7%) in females (p = 0.045). Conclusions Our observations support the association of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups with exceptional longevity in a Chinese population.
Subject Body Mass Index Affects Doppler Waveform in Celiac Artery by Duplex Ultrasound

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on peak systolic velocity (PSV) recording in the celiac artery (CA). Subjects & Methods: Forty male participants were entered prospectively into the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their body mass index. Group A included subjects with BMI ≤25 Kg/m2 and those in group B with BMI >25 Kg/m2. The diameter and PSV at the origin of CA of subjects in both groups were recorded while the subject positioned in supine and during expiration phase and fasted for 4 hours using duplex ultrasound. Both groups were matched for age and sex. Independent Student’s t-test was used to test if there is any statistical significance between diameter and PSV in both groups. Results: Group A’s, average age (year, ±SD) was 29.35±1.35 and average BMI (Kg/m2, ±SD) was 23.1±1.60. Group B’s, average age was 30±2.1 and their average BMI was 31±5.1. The average diameter (cm, ±SD) of CA in group A was 0.66±0.076 and in group B was 0.80±0.066. However, the average PSV (cm/s, ±SD) was 117±28.1 in group A and 102±12.4 in group B. Independent student t-test showed statistical significance between both groups for the diameter (p=0.005) and just reached statistical significance for PSV (p=0.049). Conclusion: Subjects with higher BMI showed reduced PSV due to a larger CA diameter and probably due to more fatty tissue accumulation around the CA origin.
The right temporoparietal junction in attention and social interaction: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study

The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) has been associated with the ability to reorient attention to unexpected stimuli and the capacity to understand others' mental states (theory of mind [ToM]/false belief). Using activation likelihood estimation meta‐analysis we previously unraveled that the anterior rTPJ is involved in both, reorienting of attention and ToM, possibly indicating a more general role in attention shifting. Here, we used neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation to directly probe the role of the rTPJ across attentional reorienting and false belief. Task performance in a visual cueing paradigm and false belief cartoon task was investigated after application of continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) over anterior rTPJ (versus vertex, for control). We found that attentional reorienting was significantly impaired after rTPJ cTBS compared with control. For the false belief task, error rates in trials demanding a shift in mental state significantly increased. Of note, a significant positive correlation indicated a close relation between the stimulation effect on attentional reorienting and false belief trials. Our findings extend previous neuroimaging evidence by indicating an essential overarching role of the anterior rTPJ for both cognitive functions, reorienting of attention and ToM. Hum Brain Mapp 37:796–807, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mementoes as Transitional Objects in Human Displacement

This article argues for a theoretical extension in anthropology from the post-Cartesian depiction of body and mind as one (rather than as separable) to the idea that this composite body-mind can be regarded as enmeshed in social trails created by the movement of objects. Movements of persons therefore occur with or in relation to the objects to which people attach themselves. Such everyday movements need to be contrasted with those dramatically resulting from forcible human displacement, in which refugees, for instance, take what items they can both for immediate practical use but also in order either to re-establish or re-define personal and collective origins. The article concludes by suggesting that, as mementoes of sentiment and cultural knowledge and yet also as bases of future re-settlement, the ‘transitional objects’ carried by peoples in crisis inscribe their personhood in flight but offer the possibility of their own de-objectification and re-personalization afterwards.
Modified One-Cycle Controlled Bidirectional High-Power-Factor AC-to-DC Converter

AC-to-DC converters based on one-cycle control exhibit instability in current control at light load conditions as well as when they are operating in the inverting mode. In this paper, a modified one-cycle controller for bidirectional AC-to-DC converter is proposed. A fictitious current component in phase with the utility voltage is synthesized. The sum of this current component and the actual load current is compared with the sawtooth waveform to generate the gating pulses for the switches. This modification not only renders stability to the converter at light load conditions and the inverting mode of operations but also enables the converter to seamlessly transfer its operation from the rectifying mode to the inverting mode and vice versa. Detailed simulation studies are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. To validate the viability of the scheme, detailed experimental studies are carried out on a 2-kW laboratory prototype.
Post-breakdown statistics and acceleration characteristics in high-K dielectric stacks

Contrary to recent claims, experimental results obtained in thin and thick Hafnium-based high-K gate dielectric stacks demonstrate that progressive breakdown is relevant in these insulators. For thin and thick stacks and both in NFETs and PFETs, the residual time distributions are found to be non-Weibull with two regions: a universally shallower slope at long times and a steeper slope at short times. The shallow distributions favour the coexistence of single-spot BD and multiple competing spots in different samples. Contrary to what happens in the case of SiON dielectrics, the final failure distribution is reported to be strongly dependent on the threshold current IF used to define device failure. Also contrary to what found for SiON single-layer dielectrics, the voltage acceleration and temperature activation energy of the residual time is reported to be much stronger than that of the first breakdown time. All these results emphasize the important role of progressive breakdown for high-K reliability assessment methodology.
FlowRep

We present FlowRep, an algorithm for extracting descriptive compact 3D curve networks from meshes of free-form man-made shapes. We infer the desired compact curve network from complex 3D geometries by using a series of insights derived from perception, computer graphics, and design literature. These sources suggest that visually descriptive networks are cycle-descriptive, i.e their cycles unambiguously describe the geometry of the surface patches they surround. They also indicate that such networks are designed to be projectable, or easy to envision when observed from a static general viewpoint; in other words, 2D projections of the network should be strongly indicative of its 3D geometry. Research suggests that both properties are best achieved by using networks dominated by flowlines, surface curves aligned with principal curvature directions across anisotropic regions and strategically extended across sharp-features and isotropic areas. Our algorithm leverages these observation in the construction of a compact descriptive curve network. Starting with a curvature aligned quad dominant mesh we first extract sequences of mesh edges that form long, well-shaped and reliable flowlines by leveraging directional similarity between nearby meaningful flowline directions We then use a compact subset of the extracted flowlines and the model's sharp-feature, or trim, curves to form a sparse, projectable network which describes the underlying surface. We validate our method by demonstrating a range of networks computed from diverse inputs, using them for surface reconstruction, and showing extensive comparisons with prior work and artist generated networks.