Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Spectral and Spatial Modeling of Corn Yield Based on Aerial Images and Crop Surface Models Acquired with an Unmanned Aircraft System

Precision Farming (PF) management strategies are commonly based on estimations of within-field yield potential, often derived from remotely-sensed products, e.g., Vegetation Index (VI) maps. These well-established means, however, lack important information, like crop height. Combinations of VI-maps and detailed 3D Crop Surface Models (CSMs) enable advanced methods for crop yield prediction. This work utilizes an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) to capture standard RGB imagery datasets for corn grain yield prediction at three early- to mid-season growth stages. The imagery is processed into simple VI-orthoimages for crop/non-crop classification and 3D CSMs for crop height determination at different spatial resolutions. Three linear regression models are tested on their prediction ability using site-specific (i) unclassified mean heights, (ii) crop-classified mean heights and (iii) a combination of crop-classified mean heights with according crop coverages. The models show determination coefficients \({R}^{2}\) of up to 0.74, whereas model (iii) performs best with imagery captured at the end of stem elongation and intermediate spatial resolution (0.04m\(\cdot\)px\(^{-1}\)). Following these results, combined spectral and spatial modeling, based on aerial images and CSMs, proves to be a suitable method for mid-season corn yield prediction.
Famílias de crianças e adolescentes com autismo: cotidiano e realidade de cuidados em diferentes etapas do desenvolvimento

Em cada fase do desenvolvimento do individuo com defi ciencia surgem demandas e desafi os diferentes as familias e profi ssionais envolvidos nesta realidade. O presente estudo objetivou identifi car, sob a otica das familias de criancas e adolescentes com autismo, as experiencias cotidianas e suas demandas na realidade de cuidados dispensados aos filhos em tres fases do desenvolvimento. Participaram do estudo 20 familias de criancas e adolescentes com diagnostico de autismo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: roteiros de entrevista semiestruturada e Ficha de Identificacao. Dentre os principais resultados foi verificado que o cotidiano das familias participantes se organiza em torno do membro com autismo, suas necessidades e dificuldades, aspecto observado tanto no ambiente domestico como na realizacao de atividades externas, em outros contextos sociais. Foram identifi cadas dificuldades comuns aos participantes nas atividades sociais, na comunicacao, na dependencia nas atividades de autocuidado e higiene. Conclui-se que o estudo atingiu os objetivos contribuindo para a ampliacao do conhecimento na area, bem como fornecendo subsidios para futuras pesquisas, planejamento de acoes e intervencoes junto a esta populacao e para o planejamento de politicas publicas.
Prospects for Women's Legislative Representation in Postsocialist Europe

Research on women's political representation in postsocialist Europe has highlighted the role of cultural and political factors in obstructing women's access to legislative power, such as the prevalence of traditional gender stereotypes, electoral systems, and the absence of a feminist movement. Yet, the role of women political elites in enhancing or hindering women's access to political power in the region has so far remained uncharted. This article seeks to fill some of the existing gaps in this literature by examining the views of women politicians with regard to women's political underrepresentation and their assessments of strategies for redressing this imbalance. Findings from the analysis reveal that although women politicians recognize gender inequalities in representation as a problem requiring intervention, how the problem is perceived, and the preferred measures to deal with it, is largely shaped by the social and cultural context in which these actors are embedded.
Entrepreneurship Education in Schools: Empirical Evidence on the Teacher's Role

ABSTRACT Different approaches and methodologies for entrepreneurship education have been introduced for schools. However, a better theoretical and empirical understanding of the antecedents of entrepreneurship education is needed. The authors analyze what entrepreneurship education practices are used in schools and what role the school and the teacher are playing in determining the entrepreneurship education practices. The data cover school levels from basic to upper secondary education. The findings indicate that the training teachers have received in entrepreneurship seems to be the main factor determining the observable entrepreneurship education provided by the teachers. Further studies on the antecedents of entrepreneurship education are encouraged.
Cone-beam computed tomography for the assessment of root–crown ratios of the maxillary and mandibular incisors in a Korean population

Objective This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to establish reference data for normal crown and root lengths and the root–crown ratios (R/C ratios) for the mature maxillary and mandibular incisors in a Korean population by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods We included 672 Korean patients (141 men and 531 women; mean age, 27.2 ± 7.7 years) who underwent CBCT examinations during various dental treatments. Crown and root lengths and the R/C ratios of the maxillary and mandibular incisors were measured using CBCT data, which were analyzed to detect significant differences between demographic factors as well as sagittal and vertical skeletal or occlusal relationships. Results Teeth of the same type in each half-arch were symmetrical. The mean R/C ratios varied from 1.1 to 1.2 for the maxillary incisors and from 1.3 to 1.4 for the mandibular incisors. Crown and root lengths were greater in men than in women, regardless of tooth type. Root lengths and R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors were significantly greater in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion or an excessive overjet than in the other patients. The R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors were lower in patients with an open bite than in those with a normal or deep bite. Moreover, the R/C ratios for the mandibular incisors increased with age. Conclusions The data obtained in our study can serve as reference values for crown and root lengths and the R/C ratios for the maxillary and mandibular incisors in the Korean population.
The MLQ factor structure in a UK context

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factor structure of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) in a UK context. For a number of years studies have failed to reproduce the original MLQ factor structure. A paper published in Leadership & Organization Development Journal by Alban‐Metcalfe and Alimo‐Metcalfe in 2000 suggested that, in the UK context, contextually different views on leadership could be prevalent. This paper therefore reports a UK‐specific factor structure.Design/methodology/approach – The paper used a dataset from a recent piece of research on leadership by the first and third authors. The sample consisted of 367 managers from 38 UK‐based manufacturing organisations. The research used multiple ratings that consisted of 366 self‐ratings, 315 superior‐ratings, 238 peer‐ratings and 325 subordinate‐ratings and these ratings covered all levels across participating organisations – CEO, MD, directors, senior, middle and lower level management.Findings – The findings unco.
Motivation-driven educational game design: applying best practices to music education

Building upon research on motivation theory, we provide insights on how video games can be framed as expert tools that naturally reconcile learning and fun, a worthy goal since students are forced to where players volunteer, namely learning. Our main contribution is to suggest best practices rooted in psychology and motivation theory that we believe should be used when designing educational games.As a case study, we illustrate this approach by looking at the design of our ongoing Cha-Luva Swing Festival project, a video game dedicated to music education. Its overall pedagogical goal is to spur the players' curiosity and creativity by enabling them to easily play music using gamepads as musical instruments. This example perfectly illustrates our results, since motivational lapses due to instrumental limitations often lead to resignation and surrender.
ACUTE TOXICITY II: EFFECT OF ORGANOPHOSPHATES AND CARBMATES TO CATLA CATLA FINGERLINGS

Pesticides are widely used in modern agriculture to aid in the production of high quality food. However, some pesticides have the potential to cause serious health and/or enviro nmental damage. Organophosphates (OCP’S) and carbamates can cause pollution in freshwater ecosystem, as well as having a significant effect on the health of fish. The acute effects of commercial formulation of triazophos, profenofos, carbofuran and carbaryl were determined in one of the indigenous fish species, Catla catla fingerlings. Pesticides were applied to fingerlings that had been grown under optimised standard conditions under a maintained static bioassay system. Probit analysis was used for the estimation of LC50 values, which were ascertained as 4.84, 0.19, 0.99 and 7.89 mg/L for triazophos, profenofos, carbofuran and carbaryl, respectively. 100% mortality of Catla catla was observed with a 2.8 mg/L dose of carbofuran at 96 hours with a significan t difference. Acute toxic stress was noticed with subjects exhibiting behavioral intoxication, including suffocation, lying on the bottom, erratic swimming, lethargy and downward movements and gulping prior to mortality.
Determining Critical Success Factors of Mobile Banking Adoption in Malaysia

This study is to examine critical success factors that influence the adoption of mobile banking in Malaysia using extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The proposed model was empirically evaluated by using survey data collected from 300 banking users concerning their perceptions of mobile banking. The findings indicate that this model can predict consumer intention to use mobile banking. Specifically, perceived usefulness, perceived credibility and awareness about mobile banking have significant effect on user's attitude thus influence the intention toward mobile banking. The results may provide further insights into mobile banking strategies.
The stellar mass density at z ~6 from Spitzer imaging of i'-drop galaxies

We measure the ages, stellar masses, and star formation histories of z ~6 galaxies, observed within 1 Gyr of the big bang. We use imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Spitzer Space Telescope from the public 'Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey' (GOODS), coupled with ground-based near-infrared imaging, to measure their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 0.8–5 μm, spanning the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) and optical. From our sample of ≈50 'i'-drop' Lyman-break star-forming galaxies in GOODS-South with z'AB 7 could have played a major role in reionizing the Universe.
Academic Achievement and Class Placement in High School: Do Students with Learning Disabilities Achieve More in One Class Placement Than Another?

The purpose of this study was to examine classroom placement, inclusive versus non-inclusive, relative to the academic performance of students with specific learning disabilities in secondary content area classrooms. Fifty-seven high school students with learning disabilities were assessed using the Grade Level Short Form of the Multilevel Academic Survey Test (MAST). Their reading and math scores were examined relative to each student’s grade level, number of general and special education classes attended, and types of placement (i.e., inclusive or non-inclusive setting). The results revealed no statistically significant evidence to indicate that students’ academic achievement varied based on inclusive versus non-inclusive placement. The only statistically significant differences observed regarded participants enrolled in a general education literature class compared to those participants placed in a special education setting for literature. Implications for practice, limitations of the study, and considerations for future research are discussed.
The Effect of Materials on Performance: A Kinematic Analysis of Eating

Objectives. This research replicates and extends part of a study by Mathiowetz (1991) and Mathiowetz & Wade (1995). Using kinematic analysis, this study examined the effect of materials (i.e. applesauce, saucer and spoon) on subsequent occupational performance (i.e. eating). Three conditions varying the materials present were studied, including materials-based occupation (MBO) (i.e. applesauce, spoon, saucer present), partial imagery-based occupation (PIBO) (i.e. spoon, empty saucer present) and imagery-based occupation (IBO) (i.e. no materials present). Method. Using a repeated measures counterbalanced design, the eating performance of 47 female college students aged 21–26 years (mean = 21.6, SD = 1.7) was analysed using equipment from Motion Analysis, Inc. Dependent variables included movement time, movement units, maximum displacement, amplitude of peak velocity, the percentage of reach in which peak velocity occurred and indicators of the vertical axis at various phases of the movement. Displacement × .
Efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment nerve block as part of multimodal analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture.

BACKGROUND Fascia iliaca compartment nerve block (FICNB) has been an established technique for postoperative analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture. FICNB is technically easy, effective for postoperative pain control after operation for femoral bone fracture and decreases the complications induced by systemic analgesic drugs. The severity of postoperative pain is affected by genetics, cultural and social factors across the world. In this study we assessed the efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment nerve block when it is used as part of multimodal analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture. METHODS An institution-based case control study was conducted from September, 2013 to May, 2014. All patients who had been operated on under spinal anesthesia for femoral bone fracture were included. The patients divided into a FICNB group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The FICNB group was given 30 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine at the end of the operation. Postoperative pain was assessed within the first 24 hours, i.e. at 15 minutes, 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours using 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), total analgesic consumption, and the time for the first analgesic request. RESULTS VAS pain scores were reduced within the first 24 hours after operation in the FICNB group compared wtih the control group. VAS scores at 2 hours were taken as median values (IQR) 0.00 (0.00) vs.18. 00 (30.00), P=0.001; at 6 hours 0.00 (0.00) vs. 34.00 (20.75), P=0.000; at 24 hours 12.50 (10.00) vs. 31.50 (20.75), P=0.004; and at 12 hours (17.80±12.45) vs. (29.95±12.40), P=0.004, respectively. The total analgesic consumption of diclofenac at 12 and 24 hours was reduced in the FICNB group, and the time for the first analgesic request was significantly prolonged (417.50 vs. 139.25 minutes, P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS A single injection for FICNB could lead to postoperative pain relief, reduction of total analgesic consumption and prolonged time for the first analgesic request in the FICNB group after surgery for femoral bone fracture. We recommend FICNB for analgesia after surgery for femoral bone fracture and for patients with femoral bone fracture at the emergency department.
Dispersal, division and diversification: durable solutions and Sudanese refugees in Uganda

Abstract Questions over durable solutions in the social, political and security terrain of southern Sudan and northern Uganda invite recognition that simple delineations between “home” and “exile” are inadequate for an understanding of displacement and refugee status. Contrary to existing policies that assume an unproblematic repatriation of Sudanese refugees from their protracted exile in Uganda to a “post conflict” Sudan, the emerging reality is that multiple strategies of survival, self-protection and development are being employed. This paper explores the variety and ingenuity with which refugees address challenges to livelihoods, identities and security with a portfolio of responses which render the notion of a straightforward cross-border movement “home” largely notional. Drawing on long-term research in a number of Sudanese refugee settlements in northern Uganda since the mid-1990s, this article emphasizes the need to recognize that durable solutions should not be constructed as single and fixed in contexts where individuals and groups may continue to migrate so as to meet their family's collective needs. It also invites recognition of the extent and ways in which re-crossing international borders has particular meaning for refugees given their specific legal status, as well as the additional relevance and significance of physical, social and symbolic boundaries in such a context.
Building Word Knowledge: Opportunities for Direct Vocabulary Instruction in General Education for Students With Reading Difficulties

Direct vocabulary instruction is 1 critical component of reading instruction. Although most students in the elementary grades need to continue building their vocabulary knowledge, students with reading difficulties are at the greatest risk of falling further behind each year in vocabulary and concept knowledge without effective instruction. This study examined the amount and type of direct vocabulary instruction available for students with reading difficulties during core classroom reading instruction and supplemental reading interventions. Fourteen 2nd-grade classroom and reading intervention teachers serving students with reading difficulties in 3 elementary schools in 3 states participated in the study. Results suggested that about 8% of core classroom reading instruction was devoted to direct vocabulary instruction with a focus on word definitions and providing examples of word meaning. Minimal amounts of direct vocabulary instruction occurred in supplemental reading interventions. Thus, students with reading difficulties had limited opportunities through core reading instruction and supplemental reading interventions to receive research-based, effective vocabulary instruction.
Players and Whiners? Perceptions of Sex Stereotyping in Animé in Japan and the US

This study examined cognitive and affective responses of Japanese (N=199) and American participants (N=194) to the depiction of gender in a Japanese animé popular in both countries. As expected, Japanese respondents indicated more familiarity with the animation and also reported that they were fans to a greater extent than Americans. Japanese participants and males showed greater agreement with sex stereotyping in the depiction of characters. Males also showed greater liking for characters and expressed the belief that they were positive role models. American females disliked the characters, especially the female character, significantly more than all other participants. Finally, participants, regardless of country, who held conventional views of gender perceived fewer stereotypes in the depiction of the characters. Given the current interest in animé, implications of findings from viewing sex-stereotypical images and directions for future research are discussed.
Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in a Modern Muslim Society

Muslim Women and Fundamentalism: Introduction to the Revised Edition Preface: A Note to the Western Reader Introduction: Roots of the Modern Situation Part One: The Traditional Muslim View of Women and Their Place in the Social Order 1. The Muslim Concept of Active Female Sexuality 2. Regulation of Female Sexuality in the Muslim Social Order 3. Sex and Marriage Before Islam Part Two: Anomic Effects of Modernization on Male-Female Dynamics 4. The Modern Situation: Moroccan Data 5. Sexual Anomie As Revealed by the Data 6. Husband and Wife 7. The Mother-in-Law 8. The Meaning of Spatial Boundaries 9. The Economic Basis of Sexual Annomie in Moroco Conclusion: Women's Liberation in Muslim Countries Notes Suggested Supplementary Reading Compiled by Mary Jo Lakeland Index
Age cohort effects, gender, and Romanian leadership preferences

Purpose – This study aims to examine preferences for both transformational and transactional leadership behavior for gender‐ and age‐based cohort differences. The purpose of this research is to enhance leadership and organizational change initiatives in Romania via the identification of age cohort and gender effects with respect to attitudes towards common leadership behaviors.Design/methodology/approach – The research is conducted via a survey through the administration of questionnaires. The sample consists of 324 managers from commercial and service organizations in Romania, a country in which this issue has not previously been investigated.Findings – The findings reveal that there are differences in preferences for leadership behavior based on age cohorts that reached maturity before or after the fall of Ceausescu during the 1989 revolution. Also, female participants displayed a greater preference for transformational leadership behaviors relative to transactional leadership behaviors.Originality/valu.
Perceptions of the Work Environment and Burnout in Canadian Child Care Providers

Abstract The results of a study of 137 female child care providers in Winnipeg, Manitoba, are presented. The participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Early Childhood Work Environment Survey. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed in order to explore the relative strength of the work environment dimensions as predictors of burnout. Age, decision-making, and goal consensus were the only significant predictors of burnout in this sample, suggesting the need for a balance between the freedom of individuals to make decisions and a shared vision of the goals of the program. The implications of these results for child care programs is discussed.
Disseminating the functions of team coaching regarding research and development team effectiveness: Evidence from high-tech industries in Taiwan

The purpose of this research was to test the predictions of Team Coaching Theory (Hackman & Wageman, 2005) using 137 research and development teams in Taiwan. The results of this study partially supported Hackman and Wageman’s theory. Results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that team coaching functions had positive effects on the team performance processes of effort and skills and knowledge. In addition it was found that the team performance processes of effort and strategy had direct positive impacts on team effectiveness. Further SEM analyses indicated that effort and skills and knowledge both had direct impacts on strategy (which in turn impacted on team effectiveness).