Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mixed-Income Housing: Factors for Success

A renewed emphasis has been placed on mixed-income housing through HUD’s HOPE VI program and the bipartisan consensus to end the concentration of lowincome people in public housing. Through an analysis of seven successful mixedincome housing developments, this article defines a research and learning agenda for academics and practitioners in the field. Preliminary analysis indicates that successful mixed-income developments must be well located and excellent in their design and management if they are to attract renters who have location choices. Mixed-income housing works best where there are sufficient units aimed at the higher income renters to create a critical mass of market units and where there are no differences in the nature and quality of the units being offered that are due to the income of the renters. If upward mobility of the low-income residents is a goal, it is necessary to have activities that are specifically aimed at creating opportunities for them; income mixing alone is not sufficient. Perhaps the biggest challenge is income integration in neighborhood settings where property management is not able to set behavioral norms. During the first Clinton administration, a bipartisan consensus developed that this Nation must “end public housing as we know it. ” One of former Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Henry G. Cisneros’ most symbolic actions was his supervision of the implosion of numerous obsolete and troubled public housing structures in cities across the United States. These demolitions were usually associated with the award of funds from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (HUD’s) HOPE VI program, which is designed to replace projects housing a uniformly poor population with developments that provide homes to a mixed-income population. Federal rules dating back to the 1970s, coupled with the challenge to public housing agencies (PHAs) of attracting stable residents to projects generally viewed as unsafe and troubled, led to a continuing decline in the average income of public housing residents. As one HUD document stated, “The concentration of the poorest families creates problems that predictably become unmanageable, and the larger the public housing development, the more complex the problems” (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1995).
Hepatitis C virus diversity and hepatic steatosis

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is closely associated with lipid metabolism defects throughout the viral lifecycle, with hepatic steatosis frequently observed in patients with chronic HCV infection. Hepatic steatosis is most common in patients infected with genotype 3 viruses, possibly due to direct effects of genotype 3 viral proteins. Hepatic steatosis in patients infected with other genotypes is thought to be mostly due to changes in host metabolism, involving insulin resistance in particular. Specific effects of the HCV genotype 3 core proteins have been observed in cellular models in vitro: mechanisms linked with a decrease in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein activity, decreases in the levels of peroxisome proliferator‐activating receptors, increases in the levels of sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins, and phosphatase and tensin homologue downregulation. Functional differences between the core proteins of genotype 3 viruses and viruses of other genotypes may reflect differences in amino acid sequences. However, bioclinical studies have failed to identify specific ‘steatogenic’ sequences in HCV isolates from patients with hepatic steatosis. It is therefore difficult to distinguish between viral and metabolic steatosis unambiguously, and host and viral factors are probably involved in both HCV genotype 3 and nongenotype 3 steatosis.
The impact of segmentation and replication on non-overlapping windows: An EEG study

It is a common phenomenon that classification techniques applied to human EEG data are often more successful for some subjects than others. One reason may be that subjects differ in the degree and length of time that they can continue to be engaged with the experimental task at hand. EEG recording can be a time-consuming, tedious and challenging procedure that often involves having subjects remain physically still for extended periods of time while repeatedly performing various mental, computational, imagery or other tasks. Hence, it can be expected that their level of involvement with the task may fluctuate, causing difficulties in using data from the entire task period for classification. This effect is more likely to appear on recordings in which the task period is longer than usual as in the dataset IVa from BCI competition III in which the task time duration is set to 3.5s. This study investigates the impact on classification performance of using data from various fragments of the complete time period. The goal is to improve classification performance by providing higher concentration on some segments than others. The results indicate the importance of focusing on the middle and final sub-epochs, and poorer performance during earlier sub-windows.
From the bitstream to the netlist

This poster presents an in-depth analysis of the Xilinx bitstream file format. This theoretical analysis is backed by a simple and efficient implementation of a reverse-engineering tool for Xilinx bitstreams. The development process followed these lines. First, publicly available documentation from Xilinx has been analyzed; then some custom assumptions about the bitstream format have been made. This information allowed a suitable algorithm to be run on well-chosen bitstreams. The output from this automated analysis step is a database which relates raw bitstream data to low-level netlist elements. This database is subsequently used as input to an efficient bitstream compiler which can either generate a bitstream from a low-level (XDL) description of the netlist, or conversely decompile any given bitstream to its low-level netlist elements. This work has been validated for the spartan3, virtex2, virtex4 and virtex5 FPGA lines from Xilinx. Decompiling a bitstream is very fast; it is two orders of magnitude faster than the reverse operation of compilation with Xilinx' bitgen. This work aims to raise awareness about security issues for users of FPGAs. It also makes custom compilation and low-level tinkering with bitstreams - à la JBits - possible
Reconnection in weakly stochastic B -fields in 2D

We study two-dimensional turbulent magnetic reconnection in a compressible fluid in the gas pressure dominated limit. We use open boundary conditions and start from a Harris current sheet configuration with a uniform total pressure. A small perturbation of the vector potential initiates laminar reconnection at the Sweet-Parker rate, which is allowed to evolve for several dynamical times. Subsequently sub-Alfvenic turbulence is produced through random forcing at small wave numbers. The magnetic field topology near the current sheet is strongly affected by the turbulence. However, we find that the resulting reconnection speed depends on the resistivity. In contrast to previous results in three dimensions, we find no evidence for fast reconnection. The reconnection speed exhibits strong variations, but the time averages increase smoothly with the strength of the turbulence.
An Examination of Monogamy Values Among Gay Men and the Influence of Masculine Gender Conformity

Monogamy values and the influence of masculine conformity were examined using a sample of 154 gay men within the Greater Toronto Area. Monogamy values were measured on four dimensions: emotional monogamy, sexual monogamy, perceptions of monogamy as relationship-enhancing and perceptions of monogamy as a sacrifice. Gay men generally found monogamy to be enhancing, however, they tended to value emotional monogamy more than sexual monogamy. Gay men with traditionally masculine attitudes valued sexual monogamy less than those who held non-traditional attitudes. Emotional monogamy was not associated with masculine attitudes. This relationship of masculine attitudes and monogamy values was moderated by length of longest relationship experienced, religiosity, as well as current relational status. Results are interpreted through evolutionary, social learning and queer theory perspectives to suggest that monogamy values are a multi-faceted construct. Counsellors would benefit by asking questions regarding monogamy values expecting multiple interpretations as well applications.
Immunofluorescent localization of two different Na,K-ATPases in the rat retina and in identified dissociated retinal cells

Two isozymes of the Na,K-ATPase are made in the brain and retina. Antisera have been produced that contain antibodies specific for each of the catalytic subunits of the two isozymes, alpha and alpha(+) (Sweadner & Gilkeson, 1985a). To determine which classes of cells express which form of the Na,K-ATPase, and whether cells can express both forms, the antisera were used to stain sections of the rat retina and dissociated retinal cells by indirect immunofluorescence. In sections of the retina, bright stain specific for both isozymes was seen in the inner segments of the photoreceptor cells, the outer and inner plexiform layers, and in the ganglion cell axons. Cell bodies were outlined in the inner nuclear layer. Stain specific for the alpha isozyme was seen in adhering pigment epithelium and at the position of the apical processes of the Muller glial cells. In sections of the optic nerve, the nerve itself stained for both isozymes, although the stain for the alpha(+) isozyme was stronger. The sheath, in contrast, stained selectively for the alpha isozyme. Cells were dissociated from the retina, and they were identified by their morphology and by cell class-specific monoclonal antibodies. Muller glial cells were found to stain brightly for only the alpha isozyme, while horizontal and ganglion cells stained brightly for both isozymes. Bipolar cells stained faintly for only the alpha(+) isozyme, while amacrine cells stained faintly for both isozymes. The evidence indicates that different kinds of neurons can express one or both isozymes of the Na,K- ATPase, and at quantitatively different levels.
Human ?d T cell responses to infections and cancer: From basic immunology to immunotherapy

August 20-22, 2012 E to antigen stimulation leads to significant expansion of antigen-specific lymphocytes in adaptive immune responses. Following the clearance of antigens, most of these expanded lymphocytes are cleared by programmed cell death. However, some activated antigen-specific lymphocytes can survive and develop into memory cells. Memory B cells represent a heterogeneous population that can rapidly proliferate and differentiate into antibody secreting cells after re-encountering the antigens. It has been shown that the persistence of memory B cells is independent of the presence of antigens. To achieve long-term survival, memory B cells may suppress the intrinsic cell death pathways. The molecular mechanisms underlying the long-term survival of memory lymphocytes are investigated. Compared to germinal center B cells, memory B cells displayed inhibition in caspase signaling and were resistant to cell death during in vitro culture. Memory B cells produced less reactive oxygen species under stress and were resistant to oxidative stress-induced necrosis. Using memory B cells with conditional deletion of caspase-9, we demonstrated that the inhibition of both caspase-9-dependent apoptosis and oxidative stress-induced necrosis were important for the long-term survival of memory B cells. Simultaneously targeting distinct cell death pathways may promote the ling-term survival of memory B cells and improve the efficacy of vaccination.
Handling Estimation Uncertainty with Bootstrapping: Empirical Evaluation in the Context of Hybrid Prediction Methods

Reliable predictions are essential for managing software projects with respect to cost and quality. Several studies have shown that hybrid prediction models combining causal models with Monte Carlo simulation are especially successful in addressing the needs and constraints of today's software industry: They deal with limited measurement data and, additionally, make use of expert knowledge. Moreover, instead of providing merely point estimates, they support the handling of estimation uncertainty, e.g., estimating the probability of falling below or exceeding a specific threshold. Although existing methods do well in terms of handling uncertainty of information, we can show that they leave uncertainty coming from imperfect modeling largely unaddressed. One of the consequences is that they probably provide over-confident uncertainty estimates. This paper presents a possible solution by integrating bootstrapping into the existing methods. In order to evaluate whether this solution does not only theoretically improve the estimates but also has a practical impact on the quality of the results, we evaluated the solution in an empirical study using data from more than sixty projects and six estimation models from different domains and application areas. The results indicate that the uncertainty estimates of currently used models are not realistic and can be significantly improved by the proposed solution.
Does Varying Attentional Focus Affect Skill Acquisition in Children? A Comparison of Internal and External Focus Instructions and Feedback

Recently, researchers have concluded that motor skill performance is enhanced when learners adopt an external attentional focus, compared to adopting an internal focus. We extended the line of inquiry to children and examined if skill learning in children was differentially affected by providing instructions and feedback that direct attentional focus internally versus externally and if the effect of attentional focus varied between younger and older children. Forty-eight children in two age groups (5–8 years old and 9–12 years old) were randomly assigned to either an internal attentional focus group or an external attentional focus group. Participants completed three 10-trial acquisition blocks of a shuffleboard accuracy task, followed by retention and transfer tests. There was no significant difference between internal and external focus groups, though older children performed significantly better than younger ones did, and all groups improved with practice. These results suggest that skill learning in children improves with task-based instruction and practice, regardless of the direction of attentional focus. More research is needed on children and attentional focus to determine whether they, and possibly other beginners, learn better with an internal or external focus of attention.
Analysis of some experimental time series by Gause: application of simple mathematical models

IAEES � Abstract For the approximation of some of well-known time series of Paramecia aurelia and Paramecia caudatum (under the separated cultivation of both species) population size changing in time, some well-known models were used. For all considering models values of parameters were estimated with least square method (with global fitting) in two different ways: with and without additional limits for parameter's values. In the case without additional limits for model's parameters deviations between theoretical (model) trajectories and experimental time series were tested for Normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Shapiro-Wilk test) with zero average, and for existence/absence of serial correlation (Durbin-Watson criteria). The best results were observed for Gompertz' and Verhulst' models. Under the assumption that parameter K (maximum value of population size) is greater than all elements of initial sample the best results were observed for Gompertz' model. In the last case the canonical technique for analysis of set of deviations can be applied in restricted form and needs in further development. In such a situation we cannot test the set of deviations on Normality with zero average (for big samples) because after a certain time moment all experimental points will be at one side of theoretical curve; at this situation we have to have a serial correlation in the sequence of deviations, etc.
MicroRNA-99a and 100 mediated upregulation of FOXA1 in bladder cancer

Urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCC) is a common disease often characterized by FGFR3 dysregulation. Whilst upregulation of this oncogene occurs most frequently in low-grade non-invasive tumors, recent data reveal increased FGFR3 expression characterizes a common sub-type of invasive UCC sharing molecular similarities with breast cancer. These similarities include upregulation of the FOXA1 transcription factor and reduced expression of microRNAs-99a/100. We have previously identified direct regulation of FGFR3 by these two microRNAs and now search for further targets. Using a microarray meta-database we find potential FOXA1 regulation by microRNAs-99a/100. We confirm direct targeting of the FOXA1 3′UTR by microRNAs-99a/100 and also potential indirect regulation through microRNA-485-5p/SOX5/JUN-D/FOXL1 and microRNA-486/FOXO1a. In 292 benign and malignant urothelial samples, we find an inverse correlation between the expression of FOXA1 and microRNAs-99a/100 (r=−0.33 to −0.43, p<0.05). As for FGFR3 in UCC, tumors with high FOXA1 expression have lower rates of progression than those with low expression (Log rank p=0.009). Using global gene expression and CpG methylation profiling we find genotypic consequences of FOXA1 upregulation in UCC. Genetic changes are associated with regional hypomethylation, occur near FOXA1 binding sites, and mirror gene expression changes previously reported in FGFR3 mutant-UCC. These include gene silencing through aberrant hypermethylation (e.g. IGFBP3) and affect genes characterizing breast cancer sub-types (e.g. ERBB2). In conclusion, we have identified microRNAs-99a/100 mediate a direct relationship between FGFR3 and FOXA1 and potentially facilitate cross talk between these pathways in UCC.
Unsupervised change detection in multitemporal SAR images via NSCT-domain feature clustering

In this paper, a new unsupervised multitemporal change detection method for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is proposed. This method follows the “comparison-classification” framework where the difference image is obtained by comparing the multitemporal SAR images acquired on the same geographical area at two different time instances and the change map is generated by classifying the difference image into “changed class” and “unchanged class” using feature clustering technique. The features that are clustered result from the multiscale and multiband decomposition of the difference image with the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). Experimental results on a pair of synthetic multitemporal SAR images and a pair of real multitemporal SAR data justify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Comparison with the UDWT-based method is also given, showing better detection performance of the proposed method.
General Procrastination Scale日本語版の作成の試み

The purpose of this study was to develop Japanese version of General Procrastination Scale (J-GPS) and to examine its reliability and validity. In Study 1, data obtained from 174 undergraduates were analyzed. Results showed sufficient internal consistency, factorial and concurrent validity with another procrastination scale. In Study 2, further data were obtained from 77 undergraduates. These data were analyzed to examine concurrent validity in terms of clinical and behavioral scales. Results indicated that J-GPS had a positive correlation with depression, anxiety, and actual procrastinatory behavior. These findings provided sufficient support for reliability and validity of J-GPS.
A new JAVA interface implementation of THESIAS: testing haplotype effects in association studies

UNLABELLED THESIAS (Testing Haplotype EffectS In Association Studies) is a popular software for carrying haplotype association analysis in unrelated individuals. In addition to the command line interface, a graphical JAVA interface is now proposed allowing one to run THESIAS in a user-friendly manner. Besides, new functionalities have been added to THESIAS including the possibility to analyze polychotomous phenotype and X-linked polymorphisms. AVAILABILITY The software package including documentation and example data files is freely available at http://genecanvas.ecgene. net. The source codes are also available upon request.
Negotiating contradictions: educación among Dominican transnational mothers in New York City

ABSTRACT This paper examines how a transnational orientation shapes Dominican mothers’ contradictory attitudes towards education in New York City. Through this ethnographic study, which draws on 36 interviews, community walkabouts, and participant observations in community-led adult education classes, we show how Dominican mothers struggle with conflicting values; on the one hand, they embrace the idea of schooling for individual advancement, integration in the US, and critical thinking, while on the other hand, they regret the diminution of a collective, family orientation and respect for parents. Overall, this study shows that contradictions are not a sign of confusion or denial, but rather a struggle to transform cultural practices that satisfy multiple worlds. A deeper understanding of these contradictions could help educators and educational institutions consider how these transnational tensions motivate parent engagement and their hopes for their children’s education.
Public bookmarks and private benefits: An analysis of incentives in social computing

Users of social computing websites are both producers and consumers of the information found on the site. This creates a novel problem for web-based software applications: how can website designers induce users to produce information that is useful for others? We study this question by interviewing users of the social bookmarking website del.icio. us. We find that for the users in our sample, metadata reflecting who bookmarked a webpage better supports information seeking than free-form keyword metadata (tags). We explain this finding by describing differences in the way that the design of del.icio. us motivates users to contribute by providing personal benefits for bookmarking and tagging.
Language-switch costs and dual-response costs in bimodal bilingual language production

In communication, different forms of language combinations are possible for bimodal bilinguals, who use a spoken and a signed language. They can either switch from one language to another (language switching) or produce a word and a sign simultaneously (language blending). The present study examines language control mechanisms in language switching and simultaneous bimodal language production, comparing single-response (German or German Sign Language) and dual-response trials (Blend of the German word and the German Sign Language sign). There were three pure blocks, one for each Target-response (German, German Sign Language, Blend), as well as mixed blocks, in which participants switched between all three Target-responses. We observed language mixing costs, switch costs and dual-response costs. Further, the data pattern showed a specific dual-response advantage for switching into a Blend (i.e., a dual-response trial), indicating the specific nature of a blended response in bimodal bilingual language production.