Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repair of acute myocardial infarction by human stemness factors induced pluripotent stem cells.

BACKGROUND Nuclear reprogramming provides an emerging strategy to produce embryo-independent pluripotent stem cells from somatic tissue. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) demonstrate aptitude for de novo cardiac differentiation, yet their potential for heart disease therapy has not been tested. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, fibroblasts transduced with human stemness factors OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC converted into an embryonic stem cell-like phenotype and demonstrated the ability to spontaneously assimilate into preimplantation host morula via diploid aggregation, unique to bona fide pluripotent cells. In utero, iPS-derived chimera executed differentiation programs to construct normal heart parenchyma patterning. Within infarcted hearts in the adult, intramyocardial delivery of iPS yielded progeny that properly engrafted without disrupting cytoarchitecture in immunocompetent recipients. In contrast to parental nonreparative fibroblasts, iPS treatment restored postischemic contractile performance, ventricular wall thickness, and electric stability while achieving in situ regeneration of cardiac, smooth muscle, and endothelial tissue. CONCLUSIONS Fibroblasts reprogrammed by human stemness factors thus acquire the potential to repair acute myocardial infarction, establishing iPS in the treatment of heart disease.
Dual mode of degradation of Cdc25 A phosphatase

The Cdc25 dual‐specificity phosphatases control progression through the eukaryotic cell division cycle by activating cyclin‐dependent kinases. Cdc25 A regulates entry into S‐phase by dephosphorylating Cdk2, it cooperates with activated oncogenes in inducing transformation and is overexpressed in several human tumors. DNA damage or DNA replication blocks induce phosphorylation of Cdc25 A and its subsequent degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Here we have investigated the regulation of Cdc25 A in the cell cycle. We found that Cdc25 A degradation during mitotic exit and in early G1 is mediated by the anaphase‐promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C)Cdh1 ligase, and that a KEN‐box motif in the N‐terminus of the protein is required for its targeted degradation. Interestingly, the KEN‐box mutated protein remains unstable in interphase and upon ionizing radiation exposure. Moreover, SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F‐box) inactivation using an interfering Cul1 mutant accumulates and stabilizes Cdc25 A. The presence of Cul1 and Skp1 in Cdc25 A immunocomplexes suggests a direct involvement of SCF in Cdc25 A degradation during interphase. We propose that a dual mechanism of regulated degradation allows for fine tuning of Cdc25 A abundance in response to cell environment.
Superconvergence analysis of the linear finite element method and a gradient recovery postprocessing on anisotropic meshes

For the linear ﬁnite element method based on general unstructured anisotropic meshes in two dimensions, we establish the superconvergence in energy norm of the ﬁnite element solution to the interpolation of the ex- act solution for elliptic problems. We also prove the superconvergence of the postprocessing process based on the global L 2 -projection of the gradient of the ﬁnite element solution. Our basic assumptions are: (i) the mesh is quasi- uniform under a Riemannian metric and (ii) each adjacent element pair forms an approximate (anisotropic) parallelogram. The analysis follows the same methodology developed by Bank and Xu in 2003 for the case of quasi-uniform meshes, and the results can be considered as an extension of their conclusion to the adaptive anisotropic meshes. Numerical examples involving both internal and boundary layers are presented in support of the theoretical analysis.
Searching for diquarks in hadrons

Since the early days of QCD, it has been argued that inside hadrons quarks organise into substructures. Among those, popular pictures of various phenomena (including exotica and colour superconductivity) give a prominent role to diquarks, i.e. to colour antitriplet combinations of two quarks. Using a gauge-invariant setup, which combines the diquark with a static quark, we study spatial correlations of the two light quarks inside the diquark. After illustrating the setup, we discuss our first results for both the scalar (“good”) and the spin one (“bad”) diquark channels. In a regime in which mπ ' 830 MeV, our data show unambiguously that a scalar diquark forms with a size of ' 0.9 fm. For the vector diquark we are able to put a lower bound of 4.1(7) fm on its size. We also investigate the mass splitting between the good and the bad diquark; our findings are compatible with phenomenologically inspired predictions for this quantity.
New developments in the automatic analysis of the surface ECG: the case of atrial fibrillation.

T his article discusses current approaches to the analysis of digital electrocardiographic data, with special reference to the detection and classification of episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is the most common cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. It is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterised by uncoordinated atrial activation, with resulting deterioration of atrial mechanical functionality. AF accounts for approximately one third of hospitalisations for cardiac rhythm disturbance, affecting 4.5 million people in the EU and up to 2.3 million people in the USA. However, the public health burden of AF could increase dramatically over the next 50 years in parallel with the ageing population, since the prevalence and the incidence of AF are known to increase with age. The guidelines drawn up by the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and the European Society of Cardiology include a classification scheme for AF that is unrelated to an immediate, reversible cause (which would mean that the AF is not likely to recur or to have prognostic significance after the disappearance of the acute aetiology). The scheme specifies four categories: first detected episode (provides no knowledge of previous events and uncertainty about duration); paroxysmal (recurrent, but can terminate spontaneously in less than 7 days, and commonly less than 48 hours); persistent (recurrent, lasting more than 7 days, and typically requires cardioversion to terminate); and permanent (fails to terminate after cardioversion, or relapses less than 24 hours after termination, or no cardioversion attempted). Note that when a patient has had 2 or more episodes after the clinical detection of the first episode of AF, the arrhythmia is considered to be recurrent. Thus, the guidelines focus on the classification and treatment of the arrhythmia based on its duration (paroxysmal, persistent and permanent) rather than on its aetiology. AF is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity due to thromboembolism, heart failure, and impaired cognitive function. In particular, persistent or permanent AF entails a serious risk of thromboembolism, as a result of thrombus formation within the atria, which can cause stroke or other thromboembolic events. Paroxysmal AF accounts for 35 to 66% of total cases and may deteriorate into persistent or permanent AF. Considering that the ideal therapeutic goal for AF is to achieve and maintain sinus rhythm, the use of aggressive procedural techniques should be avoided in the case of paroxysmal episodes. Thus, the discrimination between paroxysmal and persistent or permanent AF, and the prediction of paroxysmal AF termination, can be invaluable in order to avoid useless therapeutic interventions, reduce the assoNew Developments in the Automatic Analysis of the Surface ECG: The Case of Atrial Fibrillation
Four classes of perfectly orderable graphs

A graph is called “perfectly orderable” if its vertices can be ordered in such a way that, for each induced subgraph F, a certain “greedy” coloring heuristic delivers an optimal coloring of F. No polynomial-time algorithm to recognize these graphs is known. We present four classes of perfectly orderable graphs: Welsh–Powell perfect graphs, Matula perfect graphs, graphs of Dilworth number at most three, and unions of two threshold graphs. Graphs in each of the first three classes are recognizable in a polynomial time. In every graph that belongs to one of the first two classes, we can find a largest clique and an optimal coloring in a linear time.
Psychosocial factors involved in injuries sustained in long-distance running

and theoretical matters. They are long-term thinkers and exhibit great organizational abilities, especially in areas in which they have an interest (Myers et al., 1993). Furthermore, they display determination and purpose for their own ideas, and are often stubborn in their pursuit of these ideas (Briggs Myers & Myers, 1980). INTJs value competence and knowledge, and they loathe inefficiency, confusion and chaos (Myers et al.). They tend to be very critical of themselves and others when the expected standard is not met (Killen & Murphy, 2003). Because INTJs tend to express their insights and creativity into organized, logical plans and decisions, they are often perceived as obdurate even though they are willing to change their views in the face of new evidence. They experience social encounters and conversations as difficult and thus, are perceived to be reserved, private, aloof and independent. When their contributions and talents are not acknowledged, people with INTJ preferences tend to become abrupt, sceptical, critical and single-minded (Myers et al.) When they suffer extreme stress they may pay attention to specific details they normally disregard (Killen & Murphy).
A clinicopathologic analysis of AIDS‐related cryptosporidiosis

Objective:To characterize the histology of AIDS-associated cryptosporidiosis and identify features that explain the clinical variability. Design:A retrospective analysis of HIV-positive individuals with cryptosporidiosis who underwent endoscopy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 1985 and 1996. Methods:The histologic features (intensity of Cryptosporidium infection, inflammation, mucosal damage, copathogens) of gastrointestinal biopsies from 37 HIV-positive individuals with cryptosporidiosis were systematically graded. These histologic features were correlated with the severity of the diarrheal illness obtained from a patient chart review. Results:Histologic features associated with Cryptosporidium infection include a neutrophilic infiltrate in the stomach, villus blunting in the duodenum, cryptitis and epithelial apoptosis in the colon, and reactive epithelial changes in the stomach and duodenum. The nature and intensity of the inflammatory response varied widely; however, duodenal biopsies from a subset of patients (37%) revealed marked acute inflammation that was associated with concomitant cytomegalovirus infection. Although duodenal infection was common (93% of individuals), infection of other sites was variable (gastric cryptosporidiosis in 40% and colonic cryptosporidiosis in 74%). Widespread infection of the intestinal tract, which included both the large and small intestine, was associated with the most severe diarrheal illness. Conclusions:Cryptosporidium infection produces histologic evidence of gastrointestinal mucosal injury. The inflammatory response to the infection is variable, and may be modified by copathogens such as cytomegalovirus. The clinical manifestations are influenced, in part, by the anatomic distribution of the infection, with extensive infections involving both small and large intestines producing the most severe illness.
The SInet 2010 eBook

The Social Innovation Network (SInet) was established for cross-disciplinary research on social innovation to “create better futures for people”. SInet is itself socially innovative since a network is a relatively unfamiliar configuration for a university-wide research unit. A network provides an identity to a research collective that is real, having status and support, but which is fundamentally different to an institute. In a network, connections and flows of knowledge tend to be horizontal not vertical. A network is flexible, reconfigurable, responsive to change and less formal, and has the potential for lower administrative overheads. As knowledge workers, university researchers perform best in an organisation that supports an open culture where knowledge workers are left alone to work, with sufficient support and resources. Their performance is maximised by capitalising on their strengths and knowledge rather than trying to force them into moulds. This paper compares the attributes of a research network to a more traditional hierarchical institute. It asks and answers the questions: what is a research network; why have one for intra-institutional research; and how can it be created, sustained and its value determined? Three theories will be used to (a) provide the reasons and justification for network-centric configurations, (b) make sense of the network-centric paradigm and its characteristics, and (c) understand how to act in a network-centric workplace arrangement. Not everyone is comfortable working in a self-directed network-centric configuration, so will SInet work, and if so, how?
The Blast Energy Efficiency of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Using data mostly assembled by previous authors, we note a linear correlation for 17 of 22 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) between the apparent radiative efficiency ϵγ (defined as the ratio of isotropic equivalent radiative output to inferred isotropic equivalent kinetic energy of the blast) and E, where, for linearity, the exponent α is empirically determined to be in the range 1.4 < α < 2. This is consistent with the hypothesis that ϵγ and Epeak are influenced by viewing angle. We suggest a more general theoretically derived expression for this correlation that could be tested with a richer data set. If the reduction in both ϵγ and Epeak is due to viewing angle effects, then the actual radiative efficiency is ~7. We also find preliminary evidence (with the remaining small sample of five GRBs) for a separate class of weak GRB afterglows.
Hemostatic Function in Healthy Pregnant and Preeclamptic Women: An Assessment Using the Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA-100®) and Thromboelastograph®

BACKGROUND: The PFA-100® is a point-of-care platelet function analyzer which measures the speed of formation of a platelet plug in vitro, expressed as closure time (CT) in seconds. This device could potentially be used to assess primary hemostasis prior to regional anesthesia. In this prospective, observational study we sought to establish 95% reference intervals for PFA-100 and Thromboelastograph® (TEG®) values for our normal pregnant population, before comparing the PFA and TEG in measuring platelet function in preeclamptic and healthy pregnant women at term, using confidence interval analysis and analysis of variance. METHODS: Routine hematologic and coagulation tests were performed along with von Willebrand Factor, CT, and TEG measurements. Results are expressed as mean (sd). RESULTS: Increased severity of preeclampsia was associated with increasing prolongation of CT, even in the presence of normal platelet counts. In severe preeclampsia, the PFA-100 CT (mean (sd): 155 (65) s) exceeded the 95% reference interval of the control group (70–139 s). In contrast, TEG maximum amplitude (MA) in severe preeclampsia (mean (sd): 71 (8) mm) remained within the 95% reference interval for MA in normal pregnancy (64–82 mm). CONCLUSION: We conclude that impairment of primary hemostatic function with increasing severity of preeclampsia was recorded by the PFA-100 but not the TEG.
Blind image quality evaluation using perception based features

This paper proposes a novel no-reference Perception-based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQUE) for real-world imagery. A majority of the existing methods for blind image quality assessment rely on opinion-based supervised learning for quality score prediction. Unlike these methods, we propose an opinion unaware methodology that attempts to quantify distortion without the need for any training data. Our method relies on extracting local features for predicting quality. Additionally, to mimic human behavior, we estimate quality only from perceptually significant spatial regions. Further, the choice of our features enables us to generate a fine-grained block level distortion map. Our algorithm is competitive with the state-of-the-art based on evaluation over several popular datasets including LIVE IQA, TID & CSIQ. Finally, our algorithm has low computational complexity despite working at the block-level.
Rethinking Models of Psychotropic Drug Action

Theoretical assumptions about how psychotropic drugs ‘work’ are rarely discussed explicitly. In a ‘disease-centred model,’ drugs are believed to work by acting on a disease process. In contrast, in a ‘drug-centred model,’ the characteristic physiological, behavioural and subjective effects of drugs are used to define drug action. The therapeutic value of a drug stems from the usefulness of these effects in clinical situations. The disease-centred model appears dominant but has weaknesses: (1) it cannot logically justify the use of drugs since major pathophysiological hypotheses were derived from selectively observed actions of drugs; (2) comparisons between drugs believed to have specific effects in certain conditions and drugs thought to have non-specific effects fail to support it; (3) outcome measures for various disorders include items responsive to non-specific drug effects; (4) studies with healthy volunteers describe characteristic drug-induced states independently of a psychiatric diagnosis; (5) animal tests show effects with agents not usually thought of as specific treatments for the conditions modelled by tests. This article offers suggestions to develop a drug-centred model and discusses its potential impact on clinical practice.
Motorcycle traffic violation analysis and selection of key road sections for monitoring in Guangzhou

Although motorcycles were prohibited in Guangzhou urban area since 2007, motorcycle traffic violation is still common in Guangzhou. Based on the road traffic records on illegal motorcycle driving behavior in 2015, Guangzhou, the feature of illegal driving behavior and characteristics of drivers were analyzed. To get the key road sections for monitoring, bisecting K-means algorithm was used. Based on the features and law of motorcycle traffic violation behavior, appropriate prevention and control measures were proposed to reduce traffic violation and improve road safety of motorcycle riders.
Effect of light exposure on in vitro germination and germ tube growth of eight species of rust fungi

The effects of light on urediniospore germination and germ tube elongation was studied with eight species of rust fungi that infect ornamental plants or row crops. Exposure of six species of fungi to cool white fluorescent light at 400 or 600 μmol s−1m−2 for 24 h significantly reduced germination with largest decreases typically observed at 600 μmol s−1m−2. Germination and germ tube elongation did not recover during 24 h dark incubation after 18 h exposure to fluorescent light at 600 μmol s−1m−2, indicating the effects were not reversible. Germ tube elongation of all fungi was negatively affected by increased length of exposure to fluorescent light. Increased exposure to fluorescent light differentially affected germination of the fungi with Puccinia hemerocallidis, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Pucciniastrum vaccinii and Puccinia menthae negatively affected and Puccinia sorghi, Puccinia triticina, Puccinia pelargoniizonalis and Puccinia iridis relatively unaffected in 10 h incubation. Exposure of Ph. pachyrhizi and P. triticina urediniospores to sunlight rapidly reduced germination and germ tube elongation with no germination observed for Ph. pachyrhizi after 2.5 h. Germ tube elongation but not germination of hydrated urediniospores of Ph. pachyrhizi and P. triticina was significantly reduced compared to dry urediniospores exposed to 10 h fluorescent light followed by 24 h dark incubation. Exposure to fluorescent light (all fungi) or sunlight (two fungi) negatively affected urediniospore germ tube elongation. Differences observed in urediniospore germination between fungi suggest some species have co-evolved with their host for differing light conditions. Our data suggests exposure of urediniospores to strong light could inactivate rust fungi on plant surfaces or in the atmosphere.
Robust Sub-Sentential Alignment of Phrase-Structure Trees

Data-Oriented Translation (DOT), based on Data-Oriented Parsing (DOP), is a language-independent MT engine which exploits parsed, aligned bitexts to produce very high quality translations. However, data acquisition constitutes a serious bottleneck as DOT requires parsed sentences aligned at both sentential and sub-structural levels. Manual sub-structural alignment is time-consuming, error-prone and requires considerable knowledge of both source and target languages and how they are related. Automating this process is essential in order to carry out the large-scale translation experiments necessary to assess the full potential of DOT.We present a novel algorithm which automatically induces sub-structural alignments between context-free phrase structure trees in a fast and consistent fashion requiring little or no knowledge of the language pair. We present results from a number of experiments which indicate that our method provides a serious alternative to manual alignment.
Maternal and neonatal outcome of pregnancies complicated with maternal HELLP syndrome.

UNLABELLED Preeclampsia complicated by the HELLP syndrome is associated with poor maternal outcome; there is scant information on neonatal outcome. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome of infants born to mothers with HELLP syndrome. STUDY DESIGN Chart review comparing perinatal variables and the clinical course of 23 infants born to mothers whose pregnancy was complicated with HELLP syndrome (H) with 23 infants of mothers with uncomplicated preeclampsia (P). RESULTS Infants in the H group, when compared with those in the P group, had a higher incidence of low Apgar scores (52% vs 18%, p < 0.01), lower admission systolic blood pressure (45 +/- 7 vs 32 +/- 11, p < 0.01), and more frequent need for assisted ventilation (61% vs 30%, p < 0.05). There were no differences between the two groups of infants in hematocrit, leukocyte and platelet count, or duration of ventilation and hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that infants born to preeclamptic mothers who develop HELLP syndrome have an increased need for resuscitation at delivery and a higher incidence of postnatal cardiopulmonary instability. Thus mothers with HELLP syndrome should be identified promptly and delivered in level II or III centers with appropriate facilities for management of these newborn infants at risk for perinatal asphyxia and a potential for long-term neurologic sequelae.