Minuri/sinhala-corpus-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
She migrated to Toronto to live with her husband in 1973.

Once in Canada, Mehta and Saltzman along with Mehta's brother Dilip started Sunrise Films, a production company, initially producing documentaries but moved into television production creating the television series Spread Your Wings (1977–79) about the creative and artistic work of young people from around the world
Additionally, Mehta directed several episodes of the Saltzman produced CBC drama Danger Bay (1984–90)
Mehta also directed the documentaries At 99
A Portrait of Louise Tandy Murch (1975) and Traveling Light (1986), the latter focusing on the work of Mehta's brother Dilip as a photojournalist
Traveling Light would go on to be nominated for three Gemini Awards
In 1987, based on the works of Alice Munro, Cynthia Flood and Betty Lambert, Mehta produced and co-directed Martha, Ruth and Edie
Screened at the Cannes International Film Festival, it would go on to win the Best Feature Film Award at the 11th International Film Festival in Florence in 1988.

In 1991 she made her feature-film directorial debut with Sam & Me (starring Om Puri), a story of the relationship between a young Indian boy and an elderly Jewish gentleman in the Toronto neighbourhood of Parkdale
It broke the record at the time for the highest-budgeted film directed by a woman in Canada at $11 million
It won Honorable Mention in the Camera d'Or category of the 1991 Cannes Film Festival
Mehta followed this with her film  Camilla starring Bridget Fonda and Jessica Tandy in 1994. In 2002, she directed Bollywood/Hollywood, for which she won the Genie Award for Best Original Screenplay
Mehta directed two episodes of George Lucas' television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles
The first episode, "Benares, January 1910", aired in 1993. The second episode was aired in 1996 as part of a TV movie titled Young Indiana Jones
Mehta directed several English-language films set in Canada, including The Republic of Love (2003) and Heaven on Earth (2008) which deals with domestic violence and has Preity Zinta playing the female lead
It premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival
Also in 2008 Mehta produced the documentary The Forgotten Woman, directed by her brother Dilip
In 2015, Mehta wrote and directed the crime thriller Beeba Boys (2015), a film starring Randeep Hooda as Jeet Johar, a proud observant Sikh and a ruthless gangster
It premiered at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival
On 29 October 2020, Telefilm Canada announced that Metha's film Funny Boy (2020) would represent Canada in the Academy Awards race for best international feature film
Elements trilogy

Mehta is best known for her Elements Trilogy — Fire (1996), Earth (1998) (released in India as 1947
Earth), and Water (2005) — which won her much critical acclaim
Some notable actors who have worked in this trilogy are Aamir Khan, Seema Biswas, Shabana Azmi, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, John Abraham, Rahul Khanna, Lisa Ray, and Nandita Das
These films are also notable for Mehta's collaborative work with author Bapsi Sidhwa
Sidhwa's novel Cracking India (1991, U
1992, India
originally published as Ice Candy Man, 1988, England) is the basis for Mehta's 1998 film Earth
Mehta's film Water was later published by Sidhwa as the 2006 novel Water
All three films have soundtracks composed by A
Fire follows the love affair between two sisters-in-law whose own sexless marriages bring them together in a passionate romance
It caused controversy upon its release as several Hindutva groups took issue with its central lesbian romance, one that was seen to break traditional family and religious value within society, as there were protests in cities across India
Internationally, the film was critically acclaimed and would go on to win the Most Popular Canadian Film at the Vancouver International Film Festival
This was also the first feature length dramatic film which Mehta both wrote and directed, a practice which she would continue throughout the rest of her career
Earth focuses on the time before and during the Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 and how the life of one family was uprooted by this historical event
The film resembled Mehta's own family history as her parents fled the newly created Pakistan in 1947 whilst Mehta herself was born in Punjab, not far from the Indian/Pakistan border
Water is the story of an eight-year-old child widow who is forced to enter a house of widows for the rest of her life
The film, meant to be shot in India, was attacked by Hindu fundamentalists who saw the film as disrespectful and who took issues with Mehta's earlier films and their portrayal of Hindu culture
Riots broke out, sets were destroyed, and death threats were issued towards the actors and Mehta, forcing production to stop
The regional government then overruled the permission given from the central government to the production which allowed them to film in the holy city of Varanasi however, four years later the movie was made in Sri Lanka
Water opened the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2006.

Midnight's Children

Mehta collaborated on the screenplay for Midnight's Children with the novel's author, Salman Rushdie
Indian American actor Satya Bhabha played the role of Saleem Sinai while other roles were played by Shriya Saran, Seema Biswas, Shabana Azmi, Anupam Kher, Siddharth Narayan, Rahul Bose, Soha Ali Khan, Shahana Goswami and Darsheel Safary
The film was released on 9 September 2012 at Toronto International Film Festival and would be nominated for Best Motion Picture along with 7 other nominations at the Canadian Screen Awards
Themes 
Many of Mehta's films across her career have focused on the duality of her national and cultural identity which has informed much of her filmmaking as she has been described as the "quintessential transnational filmmaker"
With her childhood and heritage informing her of key Indian and Hindu traditions, she has been seen to compare these practices with a more "Westernized" philosophy that has often resulted in controversy
The production of her film Water was delayed by protests from Hindu fundamentalists whilst several of her other films releases have seen boycotts across India, including the film Fire
Personal life
In Canada she met and married filmmaker Paul Saltzman whom she divorced in 1983. The couple have a daughter, Devyani Saltzman, an acclaimed author, curator and cultural critic
Mehta is currently married to producer David Hamilton
Her brother, Dilip Mehta, is a photojournalist and film director
He directed Cooking with Stella, which he co-wrote with Deepa
Mehta participated in a TV PSA for the charity Artists Against Racism, and is a member of the organization
Filmography

TV and web series

As actress

Awards

In addition to her filmmaking awards, Mehta has received the following honors
Doctor of Laws, University of Victoria, 2009
Governor General's Performing Arts Awards for Lifetime Artistic Achievement, 2012
Doctor of Laws, Mount Allison University, 2013
Doctor of Letters, Concordia University, 2013
 Member of the Order of Ontario, 2013
 Officer of the Order of Canada, 2013

See also
 List of female film and television directors
 List of LGBT-related films directed by women
 South Asian Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area
 Women's cinema

References

External links

 
 Hamilton Mehta Productions
 Deepa Mehta In Profile, a short film tribute on her Governor General's Performing Arts Award, National Film Board of Canada website
 Deepa Mehta speaks with WSWS 15 May 2006 with Richard Phillips on the World Socialist Web Site

1950 උපත්
Canadian screenwriters
Film directors from Toronto
Film directors from Punjab, India
Indian emigrants to Canada
Indian women film directors
ජීවමාන ජනයා
Members of the Order of Ontario
Officers of the Order of Canada
Punjabi people
Canadian writers of Asian descent
Canadian Hindus
Best Screenplay Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners
Canadian people of Indian descent
University of Delhi alumni
Canadian documentary filmmakers
Governor General's Performing Arts Award winners
Indian documentary filmmakers
Canadian women film directors
20th-century Indian film directors
21st-century Indian film directors
Women artists from Punjab, India
Screenwriters from Punjab, India
Writers from Toronto
Indian television directors
Indian women television directors
Indian women screenwriters
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
21st-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Artists from Amritsar
Indian women documentary filmmakers
Writers from Amritsar
Businesspeople from Amritsar
Film producers from Punjab, India
Businesswomen from Punjab, India
Indian women film producers
21st-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian women writers
Welham Girls' School alumni
Directors of Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners for Best Short Documentary Film
ෆයර් ‍යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ දීපා මේහ්තා විසින් රචනා කොට අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කරන ලද 1996 ඉන්දු-කැනේඩියානු ශෘංගාරාත්මක ප්‍රේම වෘත්තාන්ත නාට්‍ය චිත්‍රපටයකි
මෙහි ප්‍රධාන චරිත නිරූපණය කරනු ලබන්නේ ශබානා ආස්මි සහ නන්දිතා දාස් විසිනි
මෙය මේහ්තාගේ එලිමන්ට්ස් ත්‍රිත්වයට අයත් පළමු චිත්‍රපටයයි
මෙම චිත්‍රපටයෙන් අනතුරුව අර්ත් (1998) සහ වෝටර් (2005) චිත්‍රපට නිර්මාණය විය
මෙම චිත්‍රපටය දළ වශයෙන් ඉස්මත් චුඝ්තායිගේ 1942 කථාවක් වූ, ලිහාෆ් ("ඇතිරිල්ල") ඇසුරෙන් නිර්මාණය වූවකි
ෆයර් ‍යනු ප්‍රබල වශයෙන් සමලිංගික සබඳතාවයක්, විශේෂයෙන්ම ස්ත්‍රී සමලිංගික සබඳතාවයක් නිරූපිත ප්‍රථම බොලිවුඩ් මුඛ්‍යධාරා චිත්‍රපට අතුරින් එකකි
1998 මෙය ඉන්දියාව තුළ මුදාහැරීමෙන් අනතුරුව, විවිධ ක්‍රියාකාරීන් විසින් මෙම චිත්‍රපටයට එරෙහි විරෝධතා ගණනාවක් සංවිධානය කළ අතර, එය සමලිංගිකත්වය සහ කථා කිරීමේ අයිතිය වැනි මාතෘකා පිළිබඳ මහජන සංවාදයක් ඇතිකිරීමට හේතු විය
චරිත නිරූපණය

 නන්දිතා දාස්, සීතා ලෙස
 ශබානා ආස්මි, රාධා ලෙස
 කරිෂ්මා ජලානි, ළමා රාධා ලෙස
 රමන්ජිත් කෞර්, ළමා රාධාගේ මව ලෙස
 දිලීප් මේහ්තා, ළමා රාධාගේ පියා ලෙස
 ජාවෙද් ජෆ්‍රී, ජතීන් ලෙස
 විනයි පාඨක්, තාජ් මහාල් හි මඟපෙන්වන්නා ලෙස
 කෞශාල් රේඛී, බිජී ලෙස
 රංජිත් චෞධරි, මුණ්ඩු ලෙස
 කුල්භූෂණ් ඛාර්බන්දා, අශෝක් ලෙස
 ඇලිස් පූන්, ජූලී ලෙස
 රාම් ගෝපාල් බජාජ්, ස්වාමි ජී ලෙස
 රවින්දර් හැපී, වීඩියෝ සාප්පුවේ මිනිසා ලෙස
 දේව්‍යාණි සෝල්ට්ස්මන්, වීඩියෝ සාප්පුවේ තරුණිය ලෙස
 Sunil Chabra as Milkman on bicycle
 Avijit Dutt as Julie's father
 Shasea Bahadur as Julie's brother
 Meher Chand as Goddess Sita
 Bahadur Chand as God Ram
 Puran, Sohan Lal, Meher, Amarjit Chand, and Karahm Chand as 'Ramayan' theatrical troupe members
 Kabir Chowdhury as Boy in video shop
 Laurence Cte as French tourist at the Taj Mahal

මේවාත් බලන්න
 ද ජර්නි (2004)
 ඒක් ලඩ්කී කෝ දේඛා තෝ ඒසා ලගා (2019)
 කාන්තාවන් විසින් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කළ එල්ජීබීටී චිත්‍රපට
 ඉන්දියාවේ සමලිංගිකත්වය

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි
 
 
 
 Roger Ebert's Review 
 Detailed critique of Fire 
 Analyzing feminism in Fire
 Interview with Deepa Mehta
 Queering Bollywood
 History's Flirtation with Fire
Documenting the Controversy
 Roy, Pinaki
"Above the Quilt
Homosexuality in select Bollywood Films and Indo-Anglian Novels"
Contemporary Discourse, 9.1 (January 2018)
420–23.

1996 චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
කැනේඩියානු චිත්‍රපට
ඉංග්‍රීසි-භාෂා ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු ශෘංගාරාත්මක චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු ස්වාධීන චිත්‍රපට
වෝටර් is a 2005 drama film written and directed by Deepa Mehta, with screenplay by Anurag Kashyap
It is set in 1938 and explores the lives of widows at an ashram in Varanasi, India
The film is also the third and final instalment of Mehta's Elements trilogy
It was preceded by Fire (1996) and Earth (1998)
Author Bapsi Sidhwa wrote the 2006 novel based upon the film, Water
A Novel, published by Milkweed Press
Sidhwa's earlier novel, Cracking India was the basis for Earth, the second film in the trilogy
Water is a dark introspect into the tales of rural Indian widows in the 1940s and covers controversial subjects such as misogyny and ostracism
The film premiered at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival, where it was honoured with the Opening Night Gala, and was released across Canada in November of that year
It was first released in India on 9 March 2007.

The film stars Seema Biswas, Lisa Ray, John Abraham, and Sarala Kariyawasam in pivotal roles and Manorama, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Waheeda Rehman, Raghuvir Yadav, and Vinay Pathak in supporting roles
Featured songs for the film were composed by A
Rahman, with lyrics by Sukhwinder Singh and Raqeeb Alam
After Rahman quit the film following nationwide controversy associated with the film the background score was composed by Mychael Danna
Cinematography is by Giles Nuttgens, who has worked with Deepa Mehta on several of her films
In 2008, inspired by the film, Dilip Mehta directed a documentary, The Forgotten Woman about widows in India
The film was also written by Deepa Mehta
Composer A
Rahman opted out of the project following the controversy,
following which American composer Mychael Danna stepped in to compose the background score
The songs which Rahman had composed before opting out were retained in the film
Plot 

The film is set in 1938 when India was still under British occupation
Child marriage was common practice, and widows had a diminished position in society
Chuyia (Sarala Kariyawasam) is an eight-year-old girl, whose husband suddenly dies
In keeping with traditions of widowhood, she is dressed in a white sari, her head is shaven and she is left in an ashram, to spend the rest of her life in renunciation
There are fourteen women who live in the dilapidated house, sent there to expiate bad karma, as well as to relieve their families of the financial and emotional burdens of caring for widows
The ashram is ruled by Madhumati (Manorama), a pompous lady in her 70s
Her only friend is the pimp, Gulabi (Raghuvir Yadav), a hijra who keeps Madhumati supplied with cannabis
The two also have a side business
Gulabi helps Madhumati prostitute Kalyani (Lisa Ray), a beautiful young widow, by ferrying her across the Ganges to customers
Kalyani was forced into prostitution as a teenager to support the ashram
Shakuntala (Seema Biswas) is perhaps the most enigmatic of the women
Attractive, witty and sharp, she is also one of the few widows who can read
She exudes enough anger that even Madhumati leaves her alone
Shakuntala is caught between being a God-fearing, devout Hindu, and her hatred of being a widow
She seeks the counsel of Sadananda (Kulbhushan Kharbanda), a priest, who makes her aware of her unjust and unholy situation
She becomes attached to Chuyia upon her arrival at the ashram
Chuyia is convinced that her stay is a temporary one and that her mother will come to take her away but quickly adapts to her new life
She befriends Kalyani, and witnesses Kalyani's budding romance with Narayan (John Abraham), a charming upper-class follower of Mahatma Gandhi
Despite her initial reluctance, Kalyani eventually buys into his dream of marriage and a new life in Calcutta
She agrees to go away with him
Her plan is disrupted when Chuyia accidentally reveals their affair to Madhumati
Enraged at losing a source of income and afraid of the social disgrace, Madhumati locks Kalyani up
Much to everyone's surprise, the God-fearing Shakuntala lets Kalyani out to go meet Narayan, who ferries her across the river to take her to his home
However, when Kalyani recognizes Narayan's bungalow, she realizes that Narayan is the son of one of the men whom she has been pimped out to
In shock, she demands that he take her back
Narayan confronts his father, learning the reason for Kalyani's actions
Disgusted, he decides to walk out on his father and join Mahatma Gandhi (Mohan Jhangiani)
He arrives at the ashram to take Kalyani with him, only to find that Kalyani has fatally drowned herself
Madhumati sends Chuyia away to be prostituted as a replacement for Kalyani
Shakuntala finds out and tries to prevent the worst, but she is too late
When Shakuntala finds Chuyia, Chuyia is deeply traumatized and catatonic
Cradling Chuyia, Shakuntala spends the night on the shores of the river
Walking through town with Chuyia in her arms, she hears talk of Gandhi speaking at the train station, ready to leave town
She follows the crowd to receive his blessing
As the train departs, in an act of desperation Shakuntala runs alongside the train, asking people to take Chuyia with them
She spots Narayan on the train and hands Chuyia over to him
The train departs, carrying Chuyia away while leaving the teary-eyed Shakuntala behind
Cast 
 Seema Biswas as Shakuntala/Gyanvati Twins double role
 Lisa Ray as Kalyani
 John Abraham as Narayan
 Waheeda Rehman as Bhagavati, Narayan's Mother
 Sarala Kariyawasam as Chuyia 
 Buddhi Wickrama as Baba
 Ronica Sajnani as Kunti
 Manorama as Madhumati
 Rishma Malik as Snehalata
 Vidula Javalgekar as Patiraji (auntie)
 Daya Alwis as Saduram
 Raghuvir Yadav as Gulabi
 Vinay Pathak as Rabindra
 Kulbhushan Kharbanda as Sadananda
 Gerson Da Cunha as Seth Dwarkanath
 Mohan Jhangiani as Mahatma Gandhi
 Sanoja Bibile as Woman Bather

Production 
Water is a co-production between Canada, India and the United States
The film was shot twice with the same (bilingual) actors, once in Hindi, once in English
Release 
The film debuted on 8 September 2005 at the Toronto International Film Festival and opened in other theatres at the dates given below
After several controversies surrounding the film in India, the Indian censor boards cleared the film with a "U" certificate
It was released in India on 9 March 2007.

During Sri Lanka screening, the film collected Rs
42 million for its 38 days screening
Reception

Accolades

Critical response 
The film received high praise from Kevin Thomas, writing in the Los Angeles Times
For all her impassioned commitment as a filmmaker, Mehta never preaches but instead tells a story of intertwining strands in a wholly compelling manner
"Water," set in British occupied India of 1938, is as beautiful as it is harrowing, its idyllic setting beside the sacred Ganges River contrasting with the widows' oppressive existence as outcasts
The film seethes with anger over their plight yet never judges, and possesses a lyrical, poetical quality
Just like the Ganges, life goes on flowing, no matter what
Mehta sees her people in the round, entrapped and blinded by a cruel and outmoded custom dictated by ancient religious texts but sustained more often by a family's desire to relieve itself of the economic burden of supporting widows
As a result, she is able to inject considerable humour in her stunningly perceptive and beautifully structured narrative
"Water" emerges as a film of extraordinary richness and complexity
Jeannette Catsoulis of The New York Times selected Water as NYT Critics' Pick, calling it "exquisite"
"Serene on the surface yet roiling underneath, the film neatly parallels the plight of widows under Hindu fundamentalism to that of India under British colonialism
"

Water received mostly positive reviews
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 90% based on reviews from 94 critics, with an average rating of 7.63 out of 10. The site's consensus is that "This compassionate work of social criticism is also luminous, due to both its lyrical imagery and cast
" On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 77 out of 100, based on 25 critics reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews"
Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times said "The film is lovely in the way Satyajit Ray's films are lovely and the best elements of Water involve the young girl and the experiences seen through her eyes
I would have been content if the entire film had been her story" and gave it three stars out of four
Carrie Rickey of The Philadelphia Inquirer also praises Mehta's work on the trilogy saying that "Profound, passionate and overflowing with incomparable beauty, Water, like the prior two films in director Deepa Mehta's "Elements" trilogy, celebrates the lives of women who resist marginalisation by Indian society
"

In December 2005, it was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual Canada's Top Ten list of the year's best Canadian films
Soundtrack

Controversies 
Mehta had originally intended to direct Water in February 2000, with the actors Shabana Azmi, Nandita Das and Akshay Kumar
Her earlier film, Fire, however, had previously attracted hostility from conservative right-wing organizations, which objected to her subject matter and portrayal of conservative households in a negative light
Protestors organised protests and attacks on cinemas that screened that film
The day before filming of Water was due to begin, the crew was informed that there were complications with their location permits for filming
The following day, they learned that 2,000 protesters had stormed the ghats, destroying and burning the main film set and throwing the remnants into the Ganges in protest of what ultimately were revealed to be false accusations regarding the subject matter of the film
A right-wing politician Arun Pathak also organised a suicide protest to stop the film production
The resulting tensions and economic setbacks led to several years of struggle as Mehta was eventually forced to film Water in Sri Lanka, rather than in India
Finally Mehta was able to make the film, but with a new cast and under a false title (River Moon) in 2003. The struggle to make the film was detailed by Mehta's daughter, Devyani Saltzman, in a non-fiction book, Shooting Water
A Mother-Daughter Journey and the Making of the Film
See also 
 List of Canadian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

References

Bibliography 
 
 Displacing Androcracy
Cosmopolitan Partnerships in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Water

External links 
 
 
 
 

2005 films
2005 drama films
Canadian films
Canadian drama films
English-language films
2000s Hindi-language films
English-language Indian films
Cultural depictions of Mahatma Gandhi
Films about women in India
Films about widowhood in India
Films shot in Sri Lanka
Films set in 1938
Films set in India
Films set in the British Raj
Films directed by Deepa Mehta
Films scored by Mychael Danna
Films with screenplays by Anurag Kashyap
ගේ කුරුල්ලන් විශේෂ
, ජපානයේ ප්‍රාන්තයකි
මෙහි දැක්වෙන්නේ ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ නිවේදක නිවේදිකාවන්ගේ ලැයිස්තුව කි
සිංහල භාෂා නිවේදක නිවේදිකාවෝ

 චිත්‍රානන්ද අබේසේකර
 කරුණාරත්න අබේසේකර
 නිහාල් භාරති
 ප්‍රේමකීර්ති ද අල්විස්
 අශෝක ද සිල්වා
 දයානන්ද ද සිල්වා
 සුගතපාල ද සිල්වා
 ඒ. ඩබ්ලිව්. ධර්මපාල
 කේ. ඩී. කේ. ධර්මවර්ධන
 එරික් ප්‍රනාන්දු
 මාර්ක් ඇන්ටනි ප්‍රනාන්දු

 ක්‍රිස්ටෝපර් ග්‍රීට්

 එච්. එම්. ගුණසේකර

 දයානන්ද ගුණවර්ධන

 තේවිස් ගුරුගේ

 බිසෝ මැණිකේ ග්‍රේරෝ

 ගුණතිලක ගජනායක

 තිලක් ජයරත්න

 මර්වින් ජයසූරිය

 සුමනා ජයතිලක

 මහේෂ් ජොනී

 කපිල එම්. ගමගේ

අර්ඩ්ලි පීරිස්
 නෝටන් පෙරේරා
 පාලිත පෙරේරා
 ෂර්ලි පෙරේරා
 ප්‍රභා රණතුංග
 තිලකා රනසිංහ
 සීලරත්න සෙනරත්
 වසන්ත වෛද්‍යනාදන්
 වසන්ත ලංකාතිලක

දෙමළ භාෂා නිවේදක නිවේදිකාවෝ
 කේ. එස්. බාලචන්ද්‍රන්
 සත්සෝරූපවතී නාදන්
 මනෝහර් මහාජන්
 එස්. පී. මයිල්වාගනම්

ඉංග්‍රීසි නිවේදක නිවේදිකාවෝ
 ජිමී භාරුචා
 ලියොන් බෙලෙත්
 ඕවන් ද ආබෲ
 වර්නන් කොරයා
 ප්‍රොස්පර් ප්‍රනාන්දු
 ග්‍රෙග් රොස්කොව්ස්කි
 බොබ් හාවි
 ටිම් හෝෂින්ටන්
 ලිවි විජේමාන්න

බහු භාෂා නිවේදක නිවේදිකාවෝ
 එල්මෝ ප්‍රනාන්දු
 කයිලයාර් සෙල්ලනයිනාර් සිවකුමාරන්
 විජය කොරයා

මූලාශ්‍ර

Broadcasting in Sri Lanka
Broadcasters
Sri Lanka
ගාල්ල ජාතික කෞතුකාගාරය (), ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පිහිටි කෞතුකාගාරයකි
ආශ්‍රිත
සමුද්‍ර කෞතුකාගාරය, ගාල්ල
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කෞතුකාගාර ලැයිස්තුව

මූලාශ්‍ර

Cultural buildings in Galle
Dutch colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
Museums in Galle District
National museums of Sri Lanka
History museums in Sri Lanka
සීමා බිස්වාස් (උපත 1965) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඇසෑමයෙන් බිහි වූ ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට සහ වේදිකා නිළියකි
ඇය ප්‍රමුඛත්වයට පත්වූයේ ශේඛර් කපූර්ගේ බැන්ඩිට් ක්වීන් (1994) චිත්‍රපටයෙහි ඇය නිරූපණය කළ ඵූලන් දේවීගේ චරිතය නිසායි
ඒ උදෙසා ඇයට හොඳම නිළිය සඳහා ජාතික චිත්‍රපට සම්මානය හිමි විය
2000 සංගීත් නාටක් ඇකඩෙමි සම්මානය හිමිකරගත් ඇය, දීපා මේහ්තා විසින් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කළ වෝටර් (2005) චිත්‍රපටයෙහි ශකුන්තලා ලෙස නිරූපණය කළ චරිතය වෙනුවෙන් 2006 හොඳම නිළිය සඳහ වූ ජීනී සම්මානය දිනාගත්තා ය
ඇගේ අනෙකුත් මුඛ්‍යධාරා චිත්‍රපට අතරට ඛාමෝෂි
ද මියුසිකල් (1996) (මේ සඳහා ඇයට හොඳම සහාය නිළිය සඳහා ස්ක්‍රීන් සම්මානය හිමි විය), භූත් (2003), විවාහ් (2006), සහ හාෆ් ගර්ල්ෆ්‍රෙන්ඩ් (2017) වැනි චිත්‍රපට අයත් වේ
චිත්‍රපටවලට අමතරව බිස්වාස් රූපවාහිනී වැඩසටහන් ගණනාවක ද පෙනීසිට ඇත
සටහන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 

සංගීත් නාටක් ඇකඩෙමි සම්මානලාභීන්
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
ජාතික නාට්‍ය පාසලේ ආදිශිෂ්‍යයෝ
බෙංගාලි ජනයා
1965 උපත්
නන්දිතා දාස් (උපත 7 නොවැම්බර් 1969) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියක සහ අධ්‍යක්ෂිකාවකි
ඇය එකිනෙකට වෙනස් භාෂා දහයකින් චිත්‍රපට 40 කට අධික සංඛ්‍යාවක චරිත නිරූපණය කොට තිබේ
දාස් ඇගේ රංගනය් උදෙසා සම්මාන ගණනාවක් දිනාගෙන ඇති අතර, ඒ අතුරින් ෆයර් (1996), අර්ත් (1998), Bawandar (2000), කණ්ණතිල් මුත්තමිට්ටාල් (2002), අලගි (2002), Kamli (2006), and Before The Rains (2007)
Her directorial debut Firaaq (2008), premiered at the Toronto Film Festival and traveled to more than 50 festivals, winning more than 20 awards
Her second film as a director was Manto (2018)
Based on the life of 20th Century Indo-Pakistani short story writer Sadat Hasan Manto, the film was screened at Cannes Film Festival in the "Un Certain Regard" section
In September 2019, Das produced a two-minute Public Service Announcement music video India's Got Colour
The music video is about the issue of colourism and urges the audience to celebrate India's diversity of skin colour
Her first book was 'Manto & I' chronicles her 6-year long journey of making the film
She wrote, directed, produced and acted in a short film called, Listen to Her, that sheds light on the increase in domestic violence and overburden of work that women have been facing during the lockdown
References

External links

 
 
 Dark is Beautiful 
Interview 2003

Actresses in Malayalam cinema
ජීවමාන ජනයා
Actresses from Delhi
University of Delhi alumni
20th-century Indian actresses
Indian film actresses
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Hindi-language film directors
21st-century Indian film directors
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Nandi Award winners
Actresses in Kannada cinema
Actresses in Bengali cinema
Actresses in Tamil cinema
People from Odisha
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners
Gujarati people
Indian atheists
Actresses from Mumbai
1969 උපත්
21 වන සියවස තුළ ඉන්දියානු නිළියෝ
Indian women film directors
Actresses in Urdu cinema
Actresses in Odia cinema
Actresses in Marathi cinema
Actresses in Telugu cinema
Actresses in Gujarati cinema
Film directors from Mumbai
Screenwriters from Mumbai
Indian women screenwriters
Women writers from Maharashtra
භාග්‍යශ්‍රී පාට්වර්ධන් (උපත 1969 පෙබරවාරි 23) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියක සහ සමාජ ක්‍රියාකාරිනියකි
ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානලාභිනියක් වන ඇය වඩාත්ම ප්‍රචලිත වූයේ හින්දි-භාෂා චිත්‍රපට සහ රූපවාහිනී වැඩසටහන් ඔස්සේ ය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි 
 

ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
ඉන්දියානු රූපවාහිනී නිළියෝ ම්
හින්දි සිනමාවේ නිළියෝ
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
මුම්බායි හි ජනයා
මරාඨි ජනයා
පූජා භාට් (උපත 1972 පෙබරවාරි 24) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට අධ්‍යක්ෂිකාවක, හඬ ශිල්පිනියක, නිළියක, නිරූපිකාවක සහ චිත්‍රපට නිර්මාණශිල්පිනියකි
ජාතික චිත්‍රපට සම්මාන දෙකක් ඇතුළත්ව, සම්මාන ගණනාවකට හිමිකමි කියන ඇය, භාට් පවුලේ ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිර්මාණකරුවකු වන මහේශ් භාට්ගේ දියණියයි
භාට් ඇගේ ප්‍රථම ප්‍රධාන චරිතය නිරූපණය කළේ 1989 මහේශ් භාට්ගේ රූපවාහිනී චිත්‍රපටයක් වූ ඩැඩී තුළ ය
එම චිත්‍රපටය සඳහා ඇයට හොඳමා කාන්තා ‍රංගන ප්‍රවිෂ්ටය වෙනුවෙන් ලක්ස් වසරේ නවල මුහුණ සඳහා ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානය හිමි විය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 
 
 

1972 උපත්
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
රවීනා ටන්ඩන් (උපත 1974 ඔක්තෝබර් 26) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියක, නිරූපිකාවක සහ නිෂ්පාදිකාවකි
අධ්‍යක්ෂක රවී ටන්ඩන්ගේ දියණිය වන ඇය උපත ලබා හැදීවැඩුණේ මුම්බායි හි ය
ඇය සිය වෘත්තිය නිරූපිකාවක ලෙස ආරම්භ කළ අතර, පසුව ක්‍රියාදාම චිත්‍රපටයක් වූ පට්ඨර් කේ ඵූල් තුළින් සිනමාවට පිවිසියා ය
එම රංගනය වෙනුවෙන් ඇයට වසරේ නවක මුහුණ සඳහා ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානය හිමි විය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 
 
 

1974 උපත්
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
20වන සියවසේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියෝ
මුම්බායි හි නිළියෝ
මම්තා කුල්කර්ණී යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ හිටපු ඉන්දීය නිළියක සහ නිරූපිකාවකි
ඇය ආශික් අවාරා (1993), වක්ත් හමාරා හේ (1993), ක්‍රාන්තිවීර් (1994), කරන් අර්ජුන් (1995), සබ්සේ බාදා ඛිලාඩි (1995),
ආන්දෝලන් (1995), බාසි (1996), චයිනා ගේට් (1998) සහ ඡූපා රස්තම්
අ මියුසිකල් ත්‍රිලර් (2001) වැනි ආර්ථිකමය අතින් සාර්ථක හින්දි චිත්‍රපට ගණනාවක රංගනයෙන් දායක වී ඇත
ආශික් අවාරා (1993) හි ඇගේ රංගනය වෙනුවෙන් ඇයට 1994 ලක්ස් වසරේ නවක මුහුණ සඳහා ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානය හිමි විය
කභී තුම් කභී හම් චිත්‍රපටයේ රංගනයෙන් අනතුරුව ඇය චිත්‍රපට ක්ෂේත්‍රයෙන් ඉවත්වූවා ය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

ජීවත්වන්නෝ
20වන සියවසේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියෝ
මරාඨි ජනයා
1972 උපත්
සෝනාලි බේන්ද්‍රේ  යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන්ම හින්දි චිත්‍රපටවල රංගනයේ යෙදෙන ඉන්දියානු නිළියකි
ඇගේ ප්‍රථම චිත්‍රපටය වූ ආග් උදෙසා ඇයට 1995 ලක්ස් වසරේ නවක මුහුණ සඳහා ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානය හිමි විය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 
 
 

1975 උපත්
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
20වන සියවසේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියෝ
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
මහිමා චෞධරී (උපත 13 සැප්තැම්බර් 1973) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ හින්දි චිත්‍රපටවල රඟපා ඇති ඉන්දියානු නිළියක සහ නිරූපිකාවකි
චිත්‍රපට රංගනයට පිවිසීමට ප්‍රථම ඇය, 1990 දශකයේ නිරූපණ කටයුතු සහ රූපවාහිනී දැන්වීම් කිහිපයක පෙනීසිට ඇත
ඇය රංගනයට ප්‍රවිෂ්ට වූයේ 1997 දී පර්දේස් චිත්‍රපටය හරහා ය
ඒ උදෙසා ඇයට හොඳම කාන්තා ප්‍රවිෂ්ටය සඳහා ෆිල්ම්ෆෙයාර් සම්මානය හිමි විය
ඇය රංගනයෙහි නිරත වූ චිත්‍රපට අතර දාග් (1999), ධඩ්කන් (2000), කුරුක්ෂේත්‍ර (2000), දිල් හේ තුම්හාරා (2002) යන චිත්‍රපට කැපී පෙනේ
දිල් ක්‍යා කරේ (1999) සහ ලජ්ජා (2001) චිත්‍රපටවල ඇය සිදුකළ රංගනය විචාරක පැසසුමට ලක් විය
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 
 

ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
බටහිර බෙංගාලයෙහි නිරූපිකාවෝ
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
ඩාර්ජීලිං හි ජනයා
1973 උපත්
හින්දි සිනමාවේ නිළියෝ
සම්මත මෙහෙයුම් පටිපාටියක් () යනු සාමාන්‍ය මෙහෙයුම් සිදුකිරීමට උපකාර කිරීම සඳහා සම්පාදනය කරන ලද පියවරෙන් පියවර උපදෙස් මාලාවකි (step-by-step instructions)
ආශ්‍රිත

මූලාශ්‍ර

Operating procedures
රායිමා සේන් (උපත රායිමා දේව් වර්මා ලෙස 1979 නොවැම්බර් 7) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ බෙංගාලි සහ හින්දි චිත්‍රපට කර්මාන්තයෙහි දායකත්වය නිසා ප්‍රසිද්ධියට පත් ඉන්දියානු නිළියකි
නිර්මාණ දායකත්වය

චිත්‍රපට

වෙබ් කතාමාලා

සම්මාන 

 2006
BFJA-වඩාත්ම දීප්තිමත් නිළිය - නිශී ජැපෑන් වෙනුවෙන්

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි 

{{DEFAULTSORT
සේන්, ‍රායිමා]}}
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට නිළියෝ
1979 උපත්
ජීවත්වන්නෝ
ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යාය, හෙවත් ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චැටර්ජී (15 සැප්තැම්බර් 1876 – 16 ජනවාරි 1938) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ මුල්කාලීන 20වන සියවසේ විසූ බෙංගාලි නවකථා සහ කෙටිකථාකරුවෙකි
ඔහුගේ කෘතීන් බොහෝමයක සමකාලීන බෙංගාලයෙහි පැවති ජීවන රටාව, ග්‍රාම්‍ය ජනයාගේ ඛේදවාචකය සහ සමාජ පිළිවෙත් නිරූපණය කෙරෙයි
ඔහු ඉන්දියාවේ වඩාත්ම ජනප්‍රිය, වඩාත්ම අන්‍ය භාෂාවන්ට පරිවර්තනය වූ සහ අනුවර්තනය කෙරුණු කෘතීන් හිමි ලේඛකයා ලෙස සැලකේ.

මේවාත් බලන්න
  ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යායගේ කෘති පාදක කරගත් චිත්‍රපට

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

සටහන් 
 
 Ganguly, Swagato
In Parineeta by Saratchandra Chattopadhyay
Penguin Books, 2005. (English translation)
 Guha, Sreejata
In Devdas by Saratchandra Chattopadhyay
Penguin Books, 2002. (English translation)
 Roy, Gopalchandra
Saratchandra, Ananda Publishers Pvt
, Kolkata
 Sarat Rachanabali, Ananda Publishers Pvt
, Kolkata
 Prithwindra Mukherjee
"Introduction" in Mahesh et autres nouvelles by Saratchandra Chatterji
Unesco/Gallimard, 1978. (French translation of Mahesh, Bindur chhele and Mejdidi by Prithwindra Mukherjee
Foreword by Jean Filliozat)
 Dutt, A
and Dhussa, R
"Novelist Sarat Chandra's perception of his Bengali home region
a literary geographic study"
Springer Link
 Sil, Narasingha Prasad
The life of Sharatchandra Chattopadhyay
drifter and dreamer
Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2012.
 Das, Sisir Kumar, "A History of Indian Literature 1911–1956
Triumph and Tragedy", South Asia Books (1 September 1995),

බාහිර සබැඳි 

  
 ''The man behind Devdas, Parineeta'
 
Saratchandra Chattopadhyay
Literary Giant who is Timeless

1876 උපත්
1938 මරණ
20වන සියවසේ ඉන්දියානු නවකථාකරුවෝ
බෙංගාලි ලේඛකයෝ
බෙංගාලි හින්දූන්
පරිණීතා ( පොරිණීතා) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යාය විසින් 1914 දී රචනා කරන ලද බෙංගාලි නවකථාවකි
20වන සියවසේ මුල් භාගයේ ඉන්දියාවේ කල්කටා නගරය පසුබිම් කරගනිමින් මෙය රචනා කොට ඇත
සමාජ විසංවාදයන් නිරූපිත මෙම නවකථාව තුළින් එකල සමාජ පන්තීන් සහ ආගම පිළිබඳ පැවති වෙනස්වීම් ද නිරූපණය කෙරෙයි
ආශ්‍රේයයන්

Ganguly, Swagato
" In Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay's Parineeta
Translated from Bengali into English by Malobika Chaudhuri
Penguin Books, 2005.

බාහිර සබැඳි
 Penguin India book review
  A Bengali lost in Bollywood
Opulent settings, lots of music, a central love interest and a dramatic ending - Parineeta is a story altogether different from Sarat Chandra's novel
 A sensitive book
a hackneyed film 

1914 නවකථා
නවකථා
බෙංගාලි-භාෂා සාහිත්‍යය
චිත්‍රපට බවට අනුවර්තනය කෙරුණු ඉන්දියානු නවකථා
කොල්කතාව පසුබිම් කරගත් නවකථා
බෙංගාලි-භාෂා නවකථා
ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යායගේ 1914 නවකථාවක් වූ පරිණීතා ( පොරිණීතා) ඇසුරෙන් නිර්මාණය වූ මෙම 1942 බෙංගාලි චිත්‍රපටය අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කරන ලද්දේ පශුපති චැටර්ජී විසිනි
බාහිර සබැඳි

1942 චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු නවකථා පාදක කරගත් චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
බෙංගාලි-භාෂා චිත්‍රපට
Parineeta (
) is a 1953 Indian Hindi-language drama film starring Ashok Kumar and Meena Kumari , based upon the 1914 Bengali novella of the same name by Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay
The film was directed by Bimal Roy
This version of the film is considered by many to be the most faithful adaptation of the novella, particularly due to Meena Kumari's interpretation of the role of Lalita
Story 
Lalita (Meena Kumari) is an orphaned niece of an impoverished clerk named Gurucharan (Nazir Hussain)
Shekhar (Ashok Kumar), is the son of their rich landlord neighbor
Shekhar had a liking for Lalita
Gurucharan has to mortgage his house to Shekhar's father in order to get one of his daughters married as he is heavily debt-ridden
Shekhar's father often chides him about his overdue loan and a day comes when completely pressed on all sides, Gurucharan is forced to take advantage of the altruistic offer of an interest-free loan made by a wealthy young man named Girin
This gives rise to an ugly misunderstanding that Lalita has been "sold" to Girin
What happens thereafter forms the gripping conclusion of this great story of perfect love
The beautiful part of this movie is dialogue and communication between Meena Kumari and Ashok Kumar
Cast 

Meena Kumari as Lalita
 Ashok Kumar  as Shekhar Rai
 Manorama as chachi
 Asit Baran as Girin Babu
 Sheetal (Baby Sheela)
 Nazir Hussain as Gurcharan Babu
 Badri Prasad as Nabin Rai
 Pratima Devi as Shekhar's aunt
 Rekha Mallick
 Manju

Music 
Lyrics
Bharat Vyas

Music
Manna Dey & Arun Mukherjee
 "Gore Gore Haathon Mein Mehndi Racha Ke, Nainon Mein Kajra Daal Ke" – Asha Bhosle , Music
Arun Mukherjee
 "Chali Radhe Rani" – Manna Dey , Music
Manna Dey
 "Chand Hai Wohi, Udaas Mera Mann" – Geeta Dutt , Music
Manna Dey
 "Aye Baandi Tum Begum Bano Khwab Dekha Hai" – Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle , Music
Manna Dey
 "Toota Hai Naata Meet Ka Par Meet Mila Hamen Meet Ka" – Asit Baran  Music
Arun Mukherjee
 "Tum Yaad Aa Rahe" – Asha Bhosle , Music
Arun Mukherjee

Awards 
 1954 Filmfare Best Director Award – Bimal Roy
 1954 Filmfare Best Actress Award – Meena Kumari

References

External links 
 Review
 
 Filmy Sasi 

1953 චිත්‍රපට
Films based on Indian novels
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
1950s Hindi-language films
Films directed by Bimal Roy
Films set in Kolkata
Films based on works by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
Films about women in India
Indian drama films
1953 drama films
Indian black-and-white films
මණමාලෛ (
"මංගල මාලය") යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ 1958 ඉන්දියානු දෙමළ-භාෂා ප්‍රේම වෘත්තාන්ත නාට්‍ය චිත්‍රපටයකි
චිත්‍රපු නාරායණ රාඕ විසින් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කරන ලද මෙය රචනා කොට ඇත්තේ වින්දන් විසිනි
මෙම චිත්‍රපටයට පාදක වී ඇත්තේ ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යායගේ 1914 නවකථාවක් වූ පරිණීතා නම් කෘතියයි
මෙහි ප්‍රධාන චරිත නිරූපණය කරන්නේ ජෙමිනි ගනේසන් සහ සාවිත්‍රී ය
1958 පෙබරවාරි 14 දින මුදාහැරුණු මෙය ආර්ථිකමය වශයෙන් අසාර්ථක විය
කථාපුවත 
ශේඛර් සහ ලලිතා පෙම්වතුන් ය
ඔවුන්ගේ ප්‍රේම කථාවට බාධා පැමිණෙන්නෙර් ධනවත් තරුණයකු වන කුමාර්ගේ පැමිණීමත් සමඟයි
චරිත නිරූපණය 
 ජෙමිනි ගනේසන්
 සාවිත්‍රී
 ශ්‍රීරාම්
 චන්ද්‍රබාබු
 වී. නාගයියා
 සී. බාලසුබ්‍රමණියම්
 ගිරිජා
 එම්. මෛනාවතී

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි 
 

ඉන්දියානු නවකථා පාදක කරගත් චිත්‍රපට
ශරත්චන්ද්‍ර චට්ටෝපාධ්‍යායගේ කෘති පාදක කරගත් චිත්‍රපට
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
1958 චිත්‍රපට
Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's 1914 novel Parineeta  ( Porinita) was adapted into a 1969 film by Ajoy Kar
The English title for the film is The Fiancee
Parineeta takes place at the turn of the 20th century during the Bengal Renaissance
The story centers around a poor thirteen-year-old orphan girl, Lalita, who lives with the family of her uncle Gurucharan
Gurucharan has five daughters, and the expense of paying for their weddings has impoverished him
He is forced to take a loan from his neighbour, Nabin Roy, by mortgaging a plot of land with him
The two neighbouring families share a very cordial relationship, although Nabin Roy does covet Gurucharan's mortgaged plot
Nabin Roy's wife, Bhuvaneshwari, dotes on the orphan Lalita and showers love upon her
the latter reciprocates even to the extent of addressing Bhuvaneshwari as 'maa'(mother)
Roy's younger son Shekharnath (Shekhar), a 25-26-year-old man-about-town, lately turned attorney, has a joking, bantering relationship with Lalita, his mother's protge
The young girl adores him like her mentor, and for some strange reasons, ratifies and accepts his possessive attitude towards her
The advent of a supportive Girin in Lalita's life, a certain jealousy transpired within Shekhar which tended to moderate Lalita's increasing associations with Girin who has now extended his helping hand to Gurucharan's finances and also assisted him in finding a match for Lalita
These situations seemed to stir the instinctual passions of Shekhar and somewhat Lalita for each other and one evening before Shekhar's tour to the west, the duo secretly gets married with a dramatic exchange of garlands formed of marigolds
But a newly married Lalita had to conceal herself in the veil of her spinsterhood as her uncle Gurucharan quits his fight with the law and orders of Hindu society and embraces Brahmoism inspired from the angelic words of Girin
The society abandons them and the same is followed by Shekhar towards Lalita upon his return (though mixed with covetousness over Girin's influence on her family)
His jeopardies in introducing his wife amidst the society because of the differences in wealth, religion and more importantly due to a precluded marriage of marrying an under-aged woman made him harsh and arrogant towards Lalita who drowned in agony, decides to accompany her family to Munger as a means of healing her psychologically tormented uncle anguished by the sense of isolation
Girin aided them all through his journey to whom Gurucharan had his dying wish of marrying his daughter (suggestively indicated to his niece Lalita) which Girin accepts wholeheartedly
Years pass with the passing of both Gurucharan and Nabin Roy and an eighteen year old Lalita visits her old place one last time for the sake of selling Gurucharan's house to Nabin Roy's heirs since the deceased desired the plot for a long time
Shekhar has his marriage fixed in a week but Lalita's advent questions him over his real wishes but he has heard of Girin's promise to marry Lalita which must have been fulfilled by now
Tables turn as Girin visits Shekhar with the Legal documents of Gurucharan's plot and amidst the conversation reveals that he indeed became Gurucharan's son-in-law as per his promise but never married Lalita but married her cousin Annakali upon her suggestion as Lalita claimed herself to be already married
Shockingly pleased by this, Shekhar regains himself and his now realised love for Lalita goes to his mother and confesses about his marriage with Lalita
The novella ends with consent for this marriage a declaration of union for Shekhar and Lalita
Cast
 Soumitra Chatterjee as Shekhar
 Moushumi Chatterjee as Lalita
 Samit Bhanja as Girin
 Kamal Mitra as Nahin Roy
 Gita Dey as Mamima
 Chhaya Devi as Bhubaneswari Devi
 Anubha Gupta as  Charus Mother
 Bijon Bhattacharya
 Shailen Mukherjee
 Bankim Ghosh

External links 
 

Films based on Indian novels
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
Bengali-language films
Films set in Kolkata
Films based on works by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
Films about women in India
Films directed by Ajoy Kar
1960s Bengali-language films
Charulata ( Cārulatā
in English also known as The Lonely Wife) is a 1964 Indian drama film written and directed by Satyajit Ray based upon the 1901 novella Nastanirh ("The Broken Nest") by Rabindranath Tagore
It features Soumitra Chatterjee, Madhabi Mukherjee and Sailen Mukherjee
The film is considered one of Ray’s highest achievements
Both the first and the last scenes are critically acclaimed
The first scene, with almost no dialogues shows Charu's loneliness and how she looks at the outside world through the binoculars
In the last scene when Charu and her husband are about to come closer and hold their hands the screen freezes
This has been described as a beautiful use of freeze frame in cinema
Plot
Charulata is based on a story by Rabindranath Tagore, Nastanirh (the Broken Nest) and set in Calcutta in the late nineteenth century
The Bengali Renaissance is at its peak and India is under British rule
The film revolves around Charulata (Charu) (Madhabi Mukherjee), the intelligent and beautiful wife of Bhupati (Sailen Mukherjee)
He edits and publishes a political newspaper
Bhupati is an upper-class Bengali intellectual with a keen interest in politics and the freedom movement
Charu is interested in the arts, literature and poetry
Though Bhupati loves his wife, he has no time for her
She has little to do in the house run by a fleet of servants
Sensing her boredom, Bhupati invites Charu's elder brother Umapada and his wife Manda to live with them
Umapada helps in running the magazine and the printing press
Manda, with her silly and crude ways, is no company for the sensitive and intelligent Charulata
Amal (Soumitra Chatterjee), Bhupati's younger cousin, comes to visit
Bhupati asks him to encourage Charu's cultural interests
Amal is young, handsome and in the same age group as Charu
He has literary ambitions and shares her interests in poetry
He provides her with much needed intellectual companionship and attention
An intimate and teasing friendship develops between Charulata and Amal
There is a hint of rivalry when she publishes a short story on her own without his knowledge, following his publishing of a poem that she had forbidden him from getting published
He realizes that Charulata is in love with him but is reluctant to reciprocate due to the guilt involved
Meanwhile, Charu's brother and sister-in-law swindle Bhupati of his money and run away
It destroys Bhupati's newspaper and the press
The episode shatters Bhupati who admits his hurt to Amal
He tells Amal that now Amal is the only one he can trust
Amal is overcome with the guilt of betraying his cousin
He is also uncomfortable with Charu's higher intellect that he has helped nurture
He leaves unannounced to marry and go to England for higher studies
He leaves behind a letter to Charu
Charu is heartbroken but hides her disappointment
Bhupati accidentally enters her room and finds her crying over Amal
Bhupati realizes Charu's feelings for Amal
He is broken, shocked and bewildered by it
He rushes out of the house and wanders aimlessly in his carriage
On his return, Charu and Bhupati make a hesitant gesture to reach out, but their extended hands remain frozen in a tentative gesture
Cast
 Madhabi Mukherjee - Charulata
 Soumitra Chatterjee - Amal
 Shailen Mukherjee - Bhupati Dutta
 Shyamal Ghoshal - Umapada
 Gitali Roy - Manda
 Bholanath Koyal - Braja
 Suku Mukherjee - Nishikanta
 Dilip Bose - Shashanka
 Joydeb - Nilotpal Dey
 Bankim Ghosh - Jagannath

Production
Charulata is based on the 1901 novella Nastanirh (The Broken Nest) by Bengali author Rabindranath Tagore
Ray later said that he liked the novella because "it has a western quality to it and the film obviously shares that quality
That's why I can speak of Mozart in connection with Charulata quite validly
" Ray decided to set the film in the 1880s instead of in 1901 and spent many months researching the historical background
For the first time in his career he worked without a deadline both during pre-production and during the shooting
Ray worked closely with art director Bansi Chandragupta and no interior scene was shot on location
All sets were either built or remodeled to accurately portray India in the 1880s
Ray cast Indian actress Madhabi Mukherjee in the role of Charulata, but had difficulty with her owing to her addiction to chewing paan, which stained her teeth black
Because of this Ray had to be careful about what camera angles he used to film her
Ray once called Charulata his favourite of his own films
Reception
Charulata holds one of the highest ratings for an Indian film in Rotten Tomatoes, a 96% rating based on 26 reviews with an average rating of 9.2/10. It has been widely regarded as one of the finest films made in Indian cinema history, and has won wide critical acclaim overseas as well
In Sight and Sound, Penelope Houston praised the film, stating that "the interplay of sophistication and simplicity is extraordinary"
A review in The New York Times said that the film "moved like a majestic snail, as do all Ray films"
In 1965, The Times of London remarked upon the film's depiction of values that seemed influenced by the English, stating that "this stratum of Indian life was more English than England"
Much to Ray's dismay, the film was rejected at Cannes, a move which was protested by the likes of David Lean and Ingmar Bergman
The film is, supposedly, also an all-time favourite of Jean-Luc Godard
It was shown as part of the Cannes Classics section of the 2013 Cannes Film Festival
It was awarded Best Director by the Berlin Film Festival
On the occasion of birth centenary of Ray, senior journalist B
Hanif of  Prajavani newspaper had reported on 21 May 2020 that speculations were rife at the time of release that the story was based on the life of Rabindranath Tagore, his brother Jyotirindranath Tagore (who was 12 years elder to him) and his sister in law Kadambari Devi (who was 2 years elder to him) considering the fact that the story takes place in 1879-80 when Rabindranath was 19 years old and that Kadambari Devi committed suicide four months after Rabindranath was married at the age of 23 in 1883 to the 9 or 11 year old Mrinalini Devi
Preservation
The Academy Film Archive preserved Charulata in 1996.

Awards
 Silver Bear for Best Director at the 15th Berlin International Film Festival in 1965. 
 Golden Lotus Award for Best Film at the National Film Awards (India) in 1965.

Tribute

The film contains a famous scene in which Charu (Madhabi Mukherjee) sings Rabindranath Tagore's song "Fule Fule Dhole Dhole" on a swing, while looking at Amal (Soumitra Chatterjee)
The scene is referenced in the Bollywood film Parineeta during the song sequence, Soona Man Ka Aangan
Indeed, Parineeta 's Lalita (Vidya Balan) is dressed to resemble Nastanirh/Charulata 's Charu
Furthermore, Parineeta is based upon the novel Parineeta by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay who was a noted contemporary of Tagore (and who also wrote novels concerned with social reform)
Home media
In 2013, The Criterion Collection released a restored high-definition digital transfer and new subtitle translations
References

Further reading
 Antani, Jay
"Charulata review
" Slant Magazine, April 2004.
 Biswas, Moinak
"Writing on the Screen
Satyajit Ray’s Adaptation of Tagore"
 Chaudhuri, Neel
"Charulata
The Intimacies of a Broken Nest"
 Cooper, Darius
The Cinema of Satyajit Ray
Between Tradition and Modernity Cambridge University Press, 2000.
 Nyce, Ben
A Study of His Films
Praeger, 1988
 Seely, Clinton B
"Translating Between Media
Rabindranath Tagore and Satyajit Ray"
 Sen, Kaustav "Our Culture, Their Culture
Indian-ness in Satyajit Ray and Rabindranath Tagore explored through their works Charulata and Nashtanir"

External links
 Official website
 
 
 Charulata
“Calm Without, Fire Within” an essay by Philip Kemp at the Criterion Collection

Films directed by Satyajit Ray
Bengali-language films
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
Films set in Kolkata
Films based on works by Rabindranath Tagore
Films based on Indian novels
Fictional Indian people
1964 drama films
Indian black-and-white films
Films about women in India
Memorials to Rabindranath Tagore
Best Feature Film National Film Award winners
Films with screenplays by Satyajit Ray
Films set in the 1870s
Films about writers
1960s Bengali-language films
Films scored by Satyajit Ray
මාධබී මුඛර්ජී, විවාහයට පෙර චක්‍රබොර්තී, (උපත 1942 පෙබරවාරි 10) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ඉන්දියානු නිළියකි
දිබාරාත්‍රීර් කාබ්‍ය නම් බෙංගාලි චිත්‍රපටයෙහි රංගනය උදෙසා ඇය හොඳම නිළිය සඳහා ජාතික චිත්‍රපට සම්මානය හිමිකරගත්තා ය
බෙංගාලි සිනමාවේ වඩාත්ම විචාරක පැසසුම් ලද චිත්‍රපට කිහිපයකටම රංගනයෙන් දායක වී ඇති මැය බෙංගාලි සිනමාවේ ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨතම නිළියන්ගෙන් අයකු ලෙස සැළකේ.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

උද්ධෘත

මූලාශ්‍ර
Mukherjee, Madhabi
My Life, My Love