MiniLLM/dolly-processed huggingface dataset:
Instruction: 2022 UEFA European Under 19 Championship qualification
Input: The 2022 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualifying competition was a men's under-19 football competition that determined the seven teams joining the automatically qualified hosts Slovakia in the 2022 UEFA European Under-19 Championship final tournament.[1] Players born on or after 1 January 2003 were eligible to participate.

Originally, the qualifying competition would use a new format with teams split into three different leagues with promotion and relegation, with the draw of the first round under the new format already held in December 2019. However, on 17 June 2020, UEFA announced that the introduction of the new format had been postponed to the next edition due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and qualification for this edition would use the previous format involving two rounds only.[2]

Apart from Slovakia, 53 of the remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition, where the original format consisted of a qualifying round that took place in autumn 2021, and an elite round that took place in spring 2022.[3]
Response: The 2022 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualifying competition was a men's under-19 football competition that determined the seven teams joining the automatically qualified hosts Slovakia in the 2022 UEFA European Under-19 Championship final tournament. Players born on or after 1 January 2003 were eligible to participate.

Originally, the qualifying competition would use a new format with teams split into three different leagues with promotion and relegation, with the draw of the first round under the new format already held in December 2019. However, on 17 June 2020, UEFA announced that the introduction of the new format had been postponed to the next edition due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and qualification for this edition would use the previous format involving two rounds only.

Apart from Slovakia, 53 of the remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition, where the original format consisted of a qualifying round that took place in autumn 2021, and an elite round that took place in spring 2022.
Instruction: According to this paragraph, when was the university of virginia founded?
Input: The University of Virginia (UVA) is a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson. Set within the Academical Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the university is referred to as a "Public Ivy" for offering an academic experience similar to that of an Ivy League university. It is known in part for certain rare characteristics among public universities such as its historic foundations, student-run honor code, and secret societies.[10][11][12]
Response: The University of Virginia was founded in 1819.
Instruction: What is the plot of One-Punch Man?
Input: On a supercontinent version of Earth that has four Moons, powerful monsters and supervillains wreak havoc. The millionaire Agoni creates the Hero Association, which employs superheroes to fight evil. Saitama, an unassociated hero, hails from City Z and performs heroic deeds as a hobby. For three years, he has trained enough to defeat any enemy with a single punch, his unmatched strength leaving him bored. He becomes a reluctant mentor to Genos, a cyborg seeking revenge against another cyborg who killed his family and destroyed his hometown, after Saitama defeats a monster that defeated Genos.
Response: One-Punch Man is a manga and an anime about a protagonist, Saitama, who can defeat all of his enemies with one punch. It takes place on a version of Earth with one supercontinent and 4 moons, which has regular monster and supervillain attacks. To combat this, a Hero association was formed, but the protagonist is not part of this association and simply performs heroic deeds because he was bored. One of the highest ranked heros of the Hero association, Genos, sees Saitama's strength and becomes his disciple after Saitama beat a monster that beat Genos.
Instruction: What is game theory?
Input: Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions among rational agents. It has applications in all fields of social science, as well as in logic, systems science and computer science. Originally, it addressed two-person zero-sum games, in which each participant's gains or losses are exactly balanced by those of other participants. In the 21st century, game theory applies to a wide range of behavioral relations; it is now an umbrella term for the science of logical decision making in humans, animals, as well as computers.
Response: Game theory is a scientific study of mathematical models and strategies. It has wide applications in all aspects of social science, system, and computer science that include zero-sum games and behavioral relations. Currently Game Theory is an umbrella term for decision making in humans, animals, and computers.
Instruction: How many total soldiers sustained non-fatal injuries during WWI?
Input: World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. It was fought between two coalitions, the Allies (primarily France, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire). Fighting occurred throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died as a result of genocide, while the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
Response: 23 million
Instruction: List the television programs that Don Carlos Dunaway has worked on in alphabetical order.
Input: Don Carlos Dunaway (fl. 1974–1993) is an American screenwriter known for his work on television programs of the 1970s. He wrote episodes for Baretta, The Rockford Files,[1] and Star Trek: Deep Space Nine.[2] In 1978 he co-created the TV series Kaz with Ron Leibman. In 1985 he directed an episode of The Twilight Zone. He lives in France with his wife who is a painter and with his cat Lou Lou. He has one son, one daughter, and six grandchildren. One of them is a young rapper named Pietro Dunaway, known as Er Danno[citation needed]
Response: In alphabetical order, here is a list of the television programs that the screenwriter Don Carlos Dunaway wrote episodes for: Baretta, Kaz, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, The Rockford Files and The Twilight Zone.
Instruction: Given this paragraph, tell me the storyline of Sabapathy.
Input: Sabapathy is a 1941 Indian Tamil-language comedy film directed by A. V. Meiyappan and A. T. Krishnaswamy, and produced by Meiyappan. An adaptation of Pammal Sambandha Mudaliar's farce play of the same name, the film stars T. R. Ramachandran, Kali N. Rathnam, C. T. Rajakantham and K. Sarangapani. It focuses on the antics of two dim-witted men named Sabapathy: a wealthy man and his servant. The film was released on 14 December 1941 and became a commercial success.
Response: Sabapathy is a comedy film about the antics of a wealthy man and his servant.
Instruction: Did Trump lose the 2020 presidential election?
Input: Trump lost the 2020 presidential election to Joe Biden but refused to concede defeat, falsely claiming widespread electoral fraud and attempting to overturn the results by pressuring government officials, mounting scores of unsuccessful legal challenges, and obstructing the presidential transition. On January 6, 2021, Trump urged his supporters to march to the U.S. Capitol, which many of them then attacked, resulting in multiple deaths and interrupting the electoral vote count.
Response: Yes. Trump lost the 2020 presidential election, but refused to concede defeat. He furthermore urged his supporters to commit insurrection and attack the U.S. Capitol on January 6th 2021.
Instruction: Given this reference text that describes the importance of tigers in chinese culture, what do they symbolize in modern China and what types were common in the northeast?
Input: Tigers have been of great importance in Chinese culture since the earliest surviving records of Chinese history, with the character 虎 appearing on the Shang-era oracle bones. In prehistoric China, the Siberian, South China, and Bengal tigers were common in the northeast, southeast, and southwest respectively and tigers figures prominently in myth, astrology, Chinese poetry, painting, and other fields. Most prominently, the tiger has long been regarded as a major symbol of masculine yang energy and the king of the animals. In modern China, it generally represents power, fearlessness, and wrath
Response: Tigers symbolize power, fearlessness and wrath in modern China.  Bengal tigers were common in the northeast.
Instruction: What is an onigiri made of?
Input: Onigiri (お握り or 御握り), also known as omusubi (お結び), nigirimeshi (握り飯), or rice ball, is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori.[a] Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takanazuke (pickled takana, Japanese giant red mustard greens) or any other salty or sour ingredient as a natural preservative. Most Japanese convenience stores stock their onigiri with various fillings and flavors. There are even specialized shops which only sell onigiri to take out. Due to the popularity of this trend in Japan, onigiri has become a popular staple in Japanese restaurants worldwide.
Response: Onigiri is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takanazuke (pickled takana, Japanese giant red mustard greens) or any other salty or sour ingredient as a natural preservative.
Instruction: How many people initially formed the band Raeth?
Input: Raeth was initially formed in 2006 by four students from Karachi, Pakistan — Wajhi Farooki (vocals), Mustafa Asad (bass), and Hasan Farabi (lead guitar). The band was launched in 2006 by Fire Records at a local beach club in DHA.
Response: four
Instruction: In which country did the M&NA railroad exist.
Input: The Missouri and North Arkansas (reporting mark M&NA) was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas from 1906 to 1946.

The railroad began as the Eureka Springs Railway in 1883 as a line from the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway in Seligman, MO, reaching the resort town of Eureka Springs, AR in 1883.
Response: The M&NA was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas, which made it part of the United States.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about the original church in Guston in 1892, what were the two ways that were used to announce the beginning of services?
Input: English congregationalist preacher Rev. William Davis found some success evangelizing the miners and their families after establishing a church in Guston in 1892, the only one in the Red Mountain Mining District. The church had not only a bell but also a steam whistle to announce when services were commencing. Davis had earlier tried unsuccessfully to establish a church in Red Mountain Town. The day after the Guston church opened, the commercial district of Red Mountain Town was destroyed in a fire, with some local residents suggesting it was the result of "divine intervention".[9] Between 1941 and 1945, the by-then abandoned Guston church had begun to tilt heavily, eventually collapsing.
Response: The church used both a bell and a steam whistle to announce the start of services.
Instruction: Based on this article, what is a potential weakness of traditional military camouflage?
Input: Multi-spectral camouflage is the use of counter-surveillance techniques to conceal objects from detection across several parts of the electromagnetic spectrum at the same time. While traditional military camouflage attempts to hide an object in the visible spectrum, multi-spectral camouflage also tries to simultaneously hide objects from detection methods such as infrared, radar, and millimetre-wave radar imaging.[1][2]
Response: Traditional military camouflage only protects against tools which use the visual spectrum to detect objects, and so if a tool is based on infrared or radar the traditional camouflage doesn't offer any protection.
Instruction: Where is the post office of Shawboro located?
Input: Shawboro is an unincorporated community located in Currituck County, North Carolina, United States.

The area takes its name from Henry Marchmore Shaw.

The post office is located close to the intersection of Shawboro Road (NC 34) and North Indian Town Road (SR 1147). The ZIP Code is 27973. The Shawboro area is covered by three different telephone exchanges: Elizabeth City, Moyock, and Shiloh.

Shawboro is served by Crawford Township fire and rescue services as well as Shawboro Elementary School, a K–5 school with approximately 500 students.[1]

Culong, the Shaw House, and Twin Houses are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[2]
Response: The post office of Shawboro, North Carolina is located close to the intersection of NC 34 Shawboro road and North Indian Town Road (SR 1147).
Instruction: For what is known as Transphonologization?
Input: In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.
Response: In historical linguistics, transphonologization (also known as rephonologization or cheshirization, see below) is a type of sound change whereby a phonemic contrast that used to involve a certain feature X evolves in such a way that the contrast is preserved, yet becomes associated with a different feature Y.

For example, a language contrasting two words */sat/ vs. */san/ may evolve historically so that final consonants are dropped, yet the modern language preserves the contrast through the nature of the vowel, as in a pair /sa/ vs. /sã/. Such a situation would be described by saying that a former contrast between oral and nasal consonants has been transphonologized into a contrast between oral and nasal vowels.

The term transphonologization was coined by André-Georges Haudricourt. The concept was defined and amply illustrated by Hagège & Haudricourt; it has been mentioned by several followers of panchronic phonology, and beyond.
Instruction: What does the term "tulip mania" mean?
Input: Tulip mania (Dutch: tulpenmanie) was a period during the Dutch Golden Age when contract prices for some bulbs of the recently introduced and fashionable tulip reached extraordinarily high levels. The major acceleration started in 1634 and then dramatically collapsed in February 1637.[2] It is generally considered to have been the first recorded speculative bubble or asset bubble in history.[3] In many ways, the tulip mania was more of a then-unknown socio-economic phenomenon than a significant economic crisis. It had no critical influence on the prosperity of the Dutch Republic, which was one of the world's leading economic and financial powers in the 17th century, with the highest per capita income in the world from about 1600 to about 1720.[4][5] The term "tulip mania" is now often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble when asset prices deviate from intrinsic values.[6][7]
Response: The term "tulip mania" is now often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble when asset prices deviate from intrinsic values.
Instruction: What is black tie dress code?
Input: Black tie is a semi-formal Western dress code for evening events, originating in British and American conventions for attire in the 19th century. In British English, the dress code is often referred to synecdochically by its principal element for men, the dinner suit or dinner jacket. In American English, the equivalent term tuxedo (or tux) is common. The dinner suit is a black, midnight blue or white two- or three-piece suit, distinguished by satin or grosgrain jacket lapels and similar stripes along the outseam of the trousers. It is worn with a white dress shirt with standing or turndown collar and link cuffs, a black bow tie, typically an evening waistcoat or a cummerbund, and black patent leather dress shoes or court pumps.[1] Accessories may include a semi-formal homburg, bowler, or boater hat. For women, an evening gown or other fashionable evening attire may be worn.
Response: Black tie is a dress code for events, typically weddings and other formal ceremonies. The dress code roughly translates to a tuxedo or dinner suit for men and an evening gown for women.
Instruction: When was the Philippine House Committee elevated into a standing committee
Input: The Philippine House Committee on Sustainable Development Goals, or House Sustainable Development Goals Committee is a standing committee of the Philippine House of Representatives.

Originally designated as a special committee, it was elevated into a standing committee on March 10, 2020.[1]
Response: The Philippine House Committee on Sustainable Development Goals, or House Sustainable Development Goals Committee is a standing committee of the Philippine House of Representatives.

Originally designated as a special committee, it was elevated into a standing committee on March 10, 2020.
Instruction: What was the Fannie Patton steamboat
Input: Fanny Patton was a stern-wheel driven steamboat that operated on the Willamette River, in Oregon, starting in August 1865. This steamer operated from 1865 to 1880 for various owners, and was a considered a profitable vessel. The steamer was named for the daughter of businessman Edwin N Cook, Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke (1837–1886). Edwin N. Cook was one of the principals of the People's Transportation Company
Response: The Fannie Patton was a steamboat operated in 1865.   It was named after the daughter of businessman Edwin Cook and Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke.    It was operated on the Willamette River in Oregon
Instruction: What does the Remarkable writing tablet do?
Input: Remarkable (styled as reMarkable) is an E Ink writing tablet for reading documents and textbooks, sketching and note-taking that attempts to fully replicate paper writing. Developed by a Norwegian startup company of the same name, the device is geared towards students and academics.

The reMarkable uses electronic paper reading display and tablet computer writing system.
Response: Using e Ink technology, the Remarkable writing tablet can be used for sketching and note-taking that attempts to fully replicate paper writing as well as to read documents and textbooks.  Remarkable also allows handwritten notes to be converted into text.
Instruction: Where is Lukaya River?
Input: The Lukaya is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its source is located in the Crystal Mountains (Montagnes de Cristal), from which it runs eastward through Bas-Congo, then runs into the banks of the Ndjili River. The rail line from Matadi to Kinshasa runs along the river valley for a time, passing to the south and then to the east of Kinshasa. At one point the river was the namesake of a district in the Congo Free State.

Just to the south of Kinshasa, a small cascade on the river, the Petites Chutes de la Lukaya, is a gathering place for several tourist activities including the lake formed by the river valley, beaches and waterfalls, and the Lola Ya Bonobo Sanctuary of Kinshasa. This is located in the Mont Ngafula neighborhood, which the river runs through.
Response: The Lukaya is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, originating in the Crystal Mountains and running eastward through Bas-Congo and into the Ndjili River. The Petites Chutes de la Lukaya is a gathering place for tourist activities.
Instruction: Given the following paragraph, what university has evidence of teaching as early as 1096?
Input: The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096,[2] making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest university in continuous operation.[2][9][10] It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.[2] After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge.[11] The two English ancient universities share many common features and are jointly referred to as Oxbridge.
Response: The University of Oxford
Instruction: Why do eucalyptus trees have such an excellent aroma?  Is there any other uses for Eucalyptus?
Input: Some Eucalyptus species have attracted attention from horticulturists, global development researchers, and environmentalists because of desirable traits such as being fast-growing sources of wood, producing oil that can be used for cleaning and as a natural insecticide, or an ability to be used to drain swamps and thereby reduce the risk of malaria. Eucalyptus oil finds many uses like in fuels, fragrances, insect repellence and antimicrobial activity. Eucalyptus trees show allelopathic effects; they release compounds which inhibit other plant species from growing nearby. Outside their natural ranges, eucalypts are both lauded for their beneficial economic impact on poor populations[50][49]: 22  and criticised for being "water-guzzling" aliens,[51] leading to controversy over their total impact.[34]
Response: The oil from Eucalyptus trees provides several benefits with the most prevalent being the pleasant aroma.  As a tree that grows fast and has been used strategically to reduce the risk of malaria by draining swamps a little Eucalyptus goes a long way.  The oil produced by these trees are also useful in an antimicrobial activity and in some cases has been known to make the trees more flammable.  Outside of their native Australia they have been viewed as an invasive species.
Instruction: What is the tallest building in the city of San Francisco?
Input: Salesforce Tower, formerly known as Transbay Tower, is a 61-story skyscraper at 415 Mission Street, between First and Fremont Street, in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. Its main tenant is Salesforce, a cloud-based software company. The building is 1,070 feet (326 m) tall, with a top roof height of 970 feet (296 m).
Response: Salesforce Tower is a 61-story skyscraper at 415 Mission Street, between First and Fremont Street, in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. The building is 1,070 feet (326 m) tall, with a top roof height of 970 feet (296 m).
Instruction: Given a reference text about Reginaldo de França Lopes, tell me what sport and position he played and when he retired.
Input: Reginaldo de França Lopes (born 31 October 1969), known as Reginaldo França, is a Brazilian professional football manager and former player.

A defensive midfielder, França played his entire career for teams in the Ceará state, aside from a short period at Cascavel in 2004, and notably represented Ferroviário in the 2002 Série C. He retired in 2006 with São Benedito, and subsequently became their manager in the following year. As a manager, he also remained in his native state, notably managing Maranguape for nearly four consecutive years.
Response: Reginaldo de França Lopes was a footballer who played defensive midfielder. He retired from playing football in 2006 and became a manager.
Instruction: Extract the population for Paris mentioned in the paragraph
Input: Paris (English: /ˈpærɪs/; French pronunciation: ​[paʁi] (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of France, with an official estimated population of 2,102,650 residents as of 1 January 2023[2] in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi),[5] making it the fourth-most populated city in the European Union as well as the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022.[6] Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its early and extensive system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light".[7] Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called the capital of the world.
Response: The official estimated population of Paris is 2,102,650 residents
Instruction: Given this paragraph about computers, what is the first RISC system?
Input: Michael J. Flynn views the first RISC system as the IBM 801 design,[2] begun in 1975 by John Cocke and completed in 1980. The 801 developed out of an effort to build a 24-bit high-speed processor to use as the basis for a digital telephone switch. To reach their goal of switching 1 million calls per hour (300 per second) they calculated that the CPU required performance on the order of 12 million instructions per second (MIPS),[8] compared to their fastest mainframe machine of the time, the 370/168, which performed at 3.5 MIPS.[9]
Response: The first RISC system was the IBM 801, started in 1975 and completed in 1980.
Instruction: Who is the main character of Naruto?
Input: Naruto[a] is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masashi Kishimoto. It tells the story of Naruto Uzumaki, a young ninja who seeks recognition from his peers and dreams of becoming the Hokage, the leader of his village. The story is told in two parts—the first set in Naruto's pre-teen years, and the second in his teens. The series is based on two one-shot manga by Kishimoto: Karakuri (1995), which earned Kishimoto an honorable mention in Shueisha's monthly Hop Step Award the following year, and Naruto (1997).
Response: The main character of Naruto is Naruto Uzumaki, a shinobi of the Hidden Leaf Village. His dream in life is to become the Hokage, the strongest ninja in his village. However, he never achieves this, and dies in his battle again Pain, the leader of the Akatsuki, after attempting to avenge his mentor's death. He is then revived by Obito Uchiha using the rinnegan's powers, which can trade the user's life for another's. Naruto then returns to Pain and uses his infamous talk-no-jutsu to convince Pain to stop being evil, which succeeds.
Instruction: Where did the 1951 French legislative election take place
Input: Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections.[1] Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.[1]
Response: The elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.
Instruction: What international trophy did the Club Africain football team won in 1971 ?
Input: Club Africain (Arabic: النادي الإفريقي) is a Tunisian football club based in Tunis that competes in the Tunisian Championship. It fields several sports teams, including football, handball, basketball, swimming and volleyball. The football team was the first Tunisian club to win an international trophy, when they won the Maghreb Cup Winners Cup in 1971. Twenty years later, in 1991, Club Africain became the first Tunisian team to win the African Champions League.
Response: The Maghreb Cup Winners Cup
Instruction: What university did Ted Ringwood join and what discipline did he follow ?
Input: Ted Ringwood was born in Kew, only child of Alfred Edward Ringwood. He attended Hawthorn West State School where he played cricket and Australian Rules football. In 1943 he was successful in gaining a scholarship to Geelong Grammar School where he boarded. On matriculation, he enrolled in Geology a science degree at the University of Melbourne where he held a Commonwealth Government Scholarship, and was awarded a resident scholarship at Trinity College. He represented the college and the university in football. He obtained First Class Honours degree in Geology and began a MSc degree in field-mapping and petrology of the Devonian Snowy River volcanics of northeastern Victoria, graduating with Honours in 1953. Ringwood then undertook a PhD, beginning an experimental study about the origin of metalliferous ore deposits, but later changed his research topic so as to apply geochemistry to an understanding of the structure of the Earth, in particular the mineralogical constitution of the Earth's mantle
Response: Ted Ringwood joined the University of Melbourne and he took a Geology science degree
Instruction: Was Endless Nights released in November or December?
Input: Endless Nights in Aurora (Chinese: 極光之愛) is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic drama film directed by Lee Szu-yuan. It stars Rainie Yang and Chris Wang. It was released on December 19, 2014.

Revolving around the romantic relationship of two generations, Alisha and her mother Xiao-feng, two parallel love stories are re-enacted across two and a half decades. With equally heated passion, the star-crossed lovers in different generations are faithfully attached to their experiences in love through promises, anticipation, losses, and forgiveness.
Response: December
Instruction: The reduction in wild grain populations lead to what type of crop being cultivated?
Input: Around 4000 BCE, the Saharan climate started to become drier at an exceedingly fast pace.[65] This climate change caused lakes and rivers to shrink significantly and caused increasing desertification. This, in turn, decreased the amount of land conducive to settlements and encouraged migrations of farming communities to the more tropical climate of West Africa.[65] During the first millennium BCE, a reduction in wild grain populations related to changing climate conditions facilitated the expansion of farming communities and the rapid adoption of rice cultivation around the Niger River.
Response: The reduction in wild grain populations lead to the rapid adoption of rice cultivation around the Niger River.
Instruction: Please extract the names of the 1990s films Adam Sandler was in separating them with commas.
Input: In 1993, Adam Sandler appeared in the film Coneheads with Farley, David Spade, Dan Aykroyd, Phil Hartman, and Jane Curtin. In 1994, he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi.

Sandler starred in Billy Madison (1995) playing a grown man repeating grades 1–12 to earn back his father's respect and the right to inherit his father's multimillion-dollar hotel empire. The film was successful at the box office despite negative reviews. He followed this film with Bulletproof (1996), and the financially successful comedies Happy Gilmore (1996) and The Wedding Singer (1998). He was initially cast in the bachelor–party–themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things (1998) but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy (1998), one of his first hits.
Response: The 1990s films Adam Sandler was in include: Coneheads, Airheads, Billy Madison, Bulletproof, Happy Gilmore, The Wedding Singer, The Waterboy.
Instruction: Extract the names of the groups of islands located on the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Input: These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.
Response: Eastern Group, Central Group, Western Group
Instruction: Who was crucified in the crucifixion painting
Input: The Crucifixion with the Virgin and St John is an oil painting by the Dutch artist Hendrick ter Brugghen, probably painted around 1625 as an altarpiece for a Catholic clandestine church likely located in Utrecht in the Calvinist Dutch United Provinces. The scene is taken from the account of the crucifixion of Jesus in Gospel of John, and depicts Jesus being mourned by his mother Mary and John the Apostle. At the base of the cross are bones, traditionally identified as those of Adam. The scene is set in an atmosphere of deep dusk with stars visible in the background. The painting was not known until it was discovered in a bombed-out church in South Hackney, London, in 1956. Initially unrecognized, it was identified before an appearance at Sotheby's later that year. It was acquired by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, where it now hangs.
Response: Jesus Christ. 
The oil painting is of a scene from the account of the Gospel of John
Instruction: What example of a cancer could cause blood in the urine?
Input: Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney.[4] Symptoms may include blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, or back pain.[1][2][3] Fever, weight loss, and tiredness may also occur.[1][2][3] Complications can include spread to the lungs or brain.
Response: Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a group of cancers that starts in the kidney.[4] Symptoms may include blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, or back pain.[1][2][3] Fever, weight loss, and tiredness may also occur.[1][2][3] Complications can include spread to the lungs or brain.[6]

The main types of kidney cancer are renal cell cancer (RCC), transitional cell cancer (TCC), and Wilms' tumor.[7] RCC makes up approximately 80% of kidney cancers, and TCC accounts for most of the rest.[8] Risk factors for RCC and TCC include smoking, certain pain medications, previous bladder cancer, being overweight, high blood pressure, certain chemicals, and a family history.[1][2] Risk factors for Wilms' tumor include a family history and certain genetic disorders such as WAGR syndrome.[3] Diagnosis may be suspected based on symptoms, urine testing, and medical imaging.[1][2][3] It is confirmed by tissue biopsy.[1][2][3]

Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.[1][2][3] Kidney cancer newly affected about 403,300 people and resulted in 175,000 deaths globally in 2018.[5] Onset is usually after the age of 45.[4] Males are affected more often than females.[4] The overall five-year survival rate is 75% in the United States, 71% in Canada, 70% in China, and 60% in Europe.[4][9][10][11] For cancers that are confined to the kidney, the five-year survival rate is 93%, if it has spread to the surrounding lymph nodes it is 70%, and if it has spread widely, it is 12%.[4] Kidney cancer has been identified as the 13th most common form of cancer,[12] and is responsible for 2% of the world's cancer cases and deaths.[13] The incidence of kidney cancer has continued to increase since 1930. Renal cancer is more commonly found in populations of urban areas than rural areas.
Instruction: Which leaders claimed the English throne in 1066?
Input: In 1066, several rival claimants to the English throne emerged. Among them were Harold Godwinson (recognised as king by the Witenagemot after the death of Edward the Confessor), Harald Hardrada (King of Norway who claimed to be the rightful heir of Harthacnut) and Duke William II of Normandy (vassal to the King of France, and first cousin once-removed of Edward the Confessor). Harald and William both invaded separately in 1066. Godwinson successfully repelled the invasion by Hardrada, but ultimately lost the throne of England in the Norman conquest of England.
Response: Harold Godwinson, Harald Hardrada, and Duke William II of Normandy all claimed the English throne in 1066.
Instruction: Extract one of the franchise introduced in IPL 2022 from the text and who won the title during the previous session.
Input: The 2022 Indian Premier League, also known as IPL 15 or for sponsorship reasons, TATA IPL 2022, was the fifteenth season of the Indian Premier League (IPL), a professional Twenty20 cricket league established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament was played from 26 March 2022 to 29 May 2022. The group stage of the tournament was played entirely in the state of Maharashtra, with Mumbai, Navi Mumbai and Pune hosting matches.
The season saw the expansion of the league with the addition of two new franchises. Chennai Super Kings were the defending champions, having won their fourth title during the previous season.
In the final one of the new franchises, Gujarat Titans, beat Rajasthan Royals by seven wickets to win their first title.
Response: The IPL 2022 season saw the expansion of the league with the addition of two new franchises, and one of them was Gujarat Titans. Gujarat Titans, beat Rajasthan Royals by seven wickets to win their first title.
Also, Chennai Super Kings were the defending champions, having won their fourth title during the previous season.
Instruction: If it's called "free" climbing, why do climbers use gear to climb?
Input: Free climbing has been called "rock climbing's most commonly mistaken term", with problems including:[10]

Incorrectly assuming that "free climbing" always means solo climbing, i.e. that you must always be alone and without any partner. Free climbing in traditional climbing and sport climbing uses a supporting belayer.[10]
Incorrectly assuming that "free climbing" always means free soloing, i.e. that you must never use any climbing protection equipment. Free climbing in traditional climbing and sport climbing uses climbing protection (but not to aid progression).[10]
Incorrectly assuming that "free climbing" always means onsighting or flashing, i.e. that you must always climb the route first try. Free climbing in traditional climbing and sport climbing also uses the redpoint as a definition of a first free ascent.[10]
Response: Free climbing refers to a form of rock climbing in which the climber ascends without the use of gear to aid progression. It is a common misunderstanding that free climbing means climbing with no protective gear. Both sport and traditional climbing make use of protective gear to prevent injury and death, and are both considered free climbing. This is in contrast to free solo climbing, another form of free climbing in which the climber uses no protective gear.
Instruction: Where is Przystań?
Input: Przystań [ˈpʂɨstaɲ] (German: Pristanien, from 1938-45 Passdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.[1] It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Węgorzewo and 89 km (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The village has a population of 80.
Response: Przystań is a small village in Poland close to the Russia border. It has a population of 80
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract list of language drivers for Cassandra. Separate them with a comma.
Input: Cassandra introduced the Cassandra Query Language (CQL). CQL is a simple interface for accessing Cassandra, as an alternative to the traditional Structured Query Language (SQL). CQL adds an abstraction layer that hides implementation details of this structure and provides native syntaxes for collections and other common encodings. Language drivers are available for Java (JDBC), Python (DBAPI2), Node.JS (Datastax), Go (gocql) and C++.[21]

The keyspace in Cassandra is a namespace that defines data replication across nodes. Therefore, replication is defined at the keyspace level. Below an example of keyspace creation, including a column family in CQL 3.0:[22]
Response: Java (JDBC), Python (DBAPI2), Node.JS (Datastax), Go (gocql), C++
Instruction: Where does this company produce its products?
Input: Sweet Tree Holdings is a Vermont, United States, company that produces maple products from a sugarbush and processing facility in Island Pond.
Response: Island Pond, Vermont
Instruction: Is Chi Kraeng River in South America, Southeast Asia, or Australia?
Input: Chi Kraeng River is a river in Cambodia. It is a major tributary of the Tonlé Sap. The name means "great ancestor" in Khmer.
Response: Southeast Asia
Instruction: Extract how many meetings rooms and seats are available in the main hall from the passage provided
Input: It has a plenary hall that has 5,000 seats. JCC also has an assembly hall with an area of 3,921 square metres. JCC has 13 various sized meeting rooms. JCC is connected to The Sultan Hotel & Residence Jakarta (formerly Jakarta Hilton International) by a tunnel. The tunnel has moving walkways and is air-conditioned. [3]
Response: The JCC or Jakarta Convention Center has 13 various sized meetings rooms. It currently has a capacity of 5,000 seats in the main plenary hall
Instruction: Wat is goede vrijdag?
Input: Goede Vrijdag is de vrijdag voor Pasen. Op deze dag herdenken christenen de kruisiging en dood van Jezus. Jezus werd volgens de Bijbel veroordeeld tot de kruisdood door de Romeinse stadhouder Pontius Pilatus, op aandrang van het sanhedrin. Deze straf werd voltrokken op de heuvel Golgotha nabij de stad Jeruzalem. Goede Vrijdag volgt op Witte Donderdag en gaat vooraf aan Stille Zaterdag. Daarop volgt Pasen.
Response: De dag dat Jezus gekruisigd werd
Instruction: Where is the Kilwa Tanga
Input: Kilwa is an administrative ward in Kilindi District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 153 km2 (59 sq mi),[1] and has an average elevation of 858 m (2,815 ft).[2] According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 6,835.[3]
Response: Kilwa is an administrative ward in Kilindi District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 153 km2 (59 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 858 m (2,815 ft).

According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 6,835.
Instruction: According to this paragraph, how many NCAA championships has UVA won?
Input: In the 21st century alone, UVA teams have won seventeen NCAA championships. The men's teams have won recent NCAA titles in basketball (2019); lacrosse (2003, 2006, 2011, 2019, and 2021); baseball (2015); soccer (2009 and 2014); and tennis (2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2022). UVA women have won recent NCAA titles in rowing (2010 and 2012) and swimming & diving (2021 and 2022). The Cavaliers rank first in the ACC (a power conference) with 22 men's NCAA Championships, and rank second in the conference with nine women's NCAA Championships.
Response: UVA has won 17 NCAA championships.
Instruction: What is Women's freestyle 48 kg competition featured in 2017 World Wrestling Championships?
Input: The women's freestyle 48 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Paris, France on 24 August 2017.
Response: The women's freestyle 48 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2017 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Paris, France on 24 August 2017.

This freestyle wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winners of two bronze medals.
Instruction: When was the Berlin wall torn down?
Input: After World War II and its subsequent occupation by the victorious countries, the devastated city was divided; West Berlin became a de facto exclave of West Germany, surrounded by the Berlin Wall (from August 1961 to November 1989) and East German territory.[14] East Berlin was declared capital of East Germany, while Bonn became the West German capital. Following German reunification in 1990, Berlin once again became the capital of all of Germany.
Response: The Berlin wall was torn down in 1989.
Instruction: Give a list of all the names of people that Arboe trained under?
Input: Arboe was born at Rønne on the island of Bornholm, Denmark. He was the son of Otto Henrik Arboe and Oliva Elisabeth Saxtorph. He attended the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts building school and ornament school from 1855 to 1862 where he was a student of Gustav Friedrich Hetsch (1788–1864) and also trained under Niels Sigfred Nebelong (1806–1871).
Response: Gustav Friedrich Hetsch and Niels Sigfred Nebelong
Instruction: Given a reference text about parks in Edina, determine the average size of its parks.
Input: Edina's parkland and open space total more than 1,550 acres (6.3 km2). The Edina Park and Recreation Department oversees 44 parks, which include amenities such as baseball, football and soccer fields; softball diamonds; basketball and tennis courts; outdoor skating rinks; playground equipment for young children; and picnic shelters. The Department also maintains eight miles (13 km) of scenic pathways for bicycling, walking, jogging, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing.[52]
Response: Since there are 44 total parks and a total of 1,550 acres across all parks, the average size of each park would be about 35 acres, because 1,550 divided by 44 is 35 after rounding to the nearest whole number.
Instruction: What is the capital of Hawaii?
Input: Honolulu means "sheltered harbor"[9] or "calm port" in Hawaiian;[10] its old name, Kou, roughly encompasses the area from Nuʻuanu Avenue to Alakea Street and from Hotel Street to Queen Street, which is the heart of the present downtown district.[11] The city's desirability as a port accounts for its historical growth and importance in the Hawaiian archipelago and the broader Pacific region. Honolulu has been the capital of the Hawaiian Islands since 1845, first of the independent Hawaiian Kingdom, and after 1898 of the U.S. territory and state of Hawaii. The city gained worldwide recognition following Japan's attack on nearby Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, which prompted the entry of the U.S. into World War II; the harbor remains a major naval base, hosting the U.S. Pacific Fleet, the world's largest naval command.[12]
Response: Honolulu has been the capital of Hawaii since 1845. Honolulu has been the capital of the independent Hawaiian Kingdom and since 1898 of the U.S. territory and state of Hawaii.
Instruction: Is the blue-ring octopus harmless?
Input: The greater blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena lunulata) is one of four species of extremely venomous blue-ringed octopuses belonging to the family Octopodidae. This particular species of blue-ringed octopus is known as one of the most toxic marine animals in the world.
Response: No, it is extremely toxic.
Instruction: In which regions has Starbucks come under scrutiny?
Input: Starbucks, an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain, has been the subject of multiple controversies. Public and employee criticism against the company has come from around the world, including a wide range issues from tax avoidance in Europe, anti-competitive practices in the United States, human rights issues in multiple countries, and labor issues involving union busting, questions about pay equity, and ethics in partnerships in Africa.
Response: Criticism of Starbucks has been noted in Europe, the United States, as well as Africa.
Instruction: Extract the awards that Bob Sanders gained throughout his career, and put them in a comma-separated list.
Input: Demond "Bob" Sanders (born February 24, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons. He played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the second round of the 2004 NFL Draft. He was named NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2007 and also played for the San Diego Chargers in his final season in 2011.

Sanders was nicknamed "The Sandman" because of his hard hits and tackles, and was also called "The Eraser" by former Colts' coach Tony Dungy because of his tendency to erase the mistakes of his teammates. He spent the majority of his career battling injuries, having played more than six games in a single season only twice, in 2005 and 2007.
Response: NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2007