MiniLLM/dolly-processed huggingface dataset:
Instruction: Who first described the Euphalacra lacunata
Input: Euphalacra lacunata is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1998.[1] It is found on Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.[2]
Response: Euphalacra lacunata is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1998. It is found on Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.
Instruction: From the given text, Provide some info regarding consistory
Input: In the Roman Catholic Church a consistory is a formal meeting of the College of Cardinals called by the pope. There are two kinds of consistories, extraordinary and ordinary. An "extraordinary" consistory is held to allow the pope to consult with the entire membership of the College of Cardinals. An "ordinary" consistory is ceremonial in nature and attended by cardinals resident in Rome. For example, the pope elevates new cardinals to the College at a consistory; Pope Francis has called consistories for ceremonies of canonization.
Response: 1. A consistory is a formal gathering of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church that is summoned by the pope.
2. Consistories come in two varieties: remarkable and ordinary.
3. The pope can consult with the full College of Cardinals by calling a "extraordinary" consistory.
4. Cardinals who live in Rome attend "ordinary" consistories, which are ceremonial in nature.
5. Pope Francis has convened consistories for canonization ceremonies, for instance, where he elevates new cardinals to the College of Cardinals.
Instruction: Which states produced more than 10% of total US oil production in 2020?
Input: The leading oil-producing area in the United States in 2019 was Texas (5.07 million barrels (806,000 m3) per day), followed by the offshore federal zone of the Gulf of Mexico (1.90 million barrels (302,000 m3) per day), North Dakota (1.42 million barrels (226,000 m3) per day) and New Mexico (0.90 million barrels (143,000 m3) per day).[3] In 2020, the top five U.S. oil producing states were Texas (43%), North Dakota (10.4%), New Mexico (9.2%), Oklahoma (4.1%), and Colorado (4.0%).[2]
Response: Texas and North Dakota produced 43% and 10.4% of US oil in 2020, respectively.
Instruction: What was the name of Dorrie Nossiter's exhibition?
Input: Dorrie Nossiter (29 June 1893 – 1977) was an English jeweller and jewellery designer from Aston, near Birmingham.

Nossiter crafted precious jewellery of her own designs in the English Arts and Crafts Tradition in both sterling silver and gold. Her work is known for her use of colour and floral and curvature lines using gemstones in motifs. She was predominantly active during the 1930s.[1]

Nossiter was educated at the Municipal School of Art in Birmingham from 1910 to 1914. Nossiter married Ernest Guy Robinson in 1922. By 1935 she was living in London where her work was shown in the "Art by Four Women" exhibition at Walker's Gallery, London. Nossiter would go on to exhibit there from 1935 to 1939.

Nossiter's work is often confused with that of another female jeweller and jewellery designer of the same period, Sibyl Dunlop.[2]
Response: Dorrie Nossiter showed her work in the "Art by Four Women" exhibition at the Walker's Gallery in London, England.
Instruction: Given a reference text about Adventfjorden, how wide and long is it?
Input: Adventfjorden (Advent Bay) is a 7 km long and 4 km wide bay running south-eastwards from the southern side of Isfjorden, on the west coast of Spitsbergen in Svalbard. The name represents a corruption of Adventure Bay - probably named after the Hull-built whaleship Adventure, which operated in Isfjorden in 1656. The fjord was originally[when?] known as Klass Billen Bay. At the head of Adventfjorden is Adventdalen (Advent Valley).

The former mining-camp of Longyearbyen (now Svalbard's main town) lies on the fjord's southwestern shore, while another former mining-camp, Hiorthhamn, is located on its northeastern shore.
Response: Adventfjorden is 4km wide and 7km long.
Instruction: Where does the name of the UK county 'Essex' originate from?
Input: The name Essex originates in the Anglo-Saxon period of the Early Middle Ages and has its root in the Anglo-Saxon (Old English) name Ēastseaxe ("East Saxons"), the eastern kingdom of the Saxons who had come from the continent and settled in Britain. Excavations at Mucking have demonstrated the presence of Anglo-Saxon settlers in the early fifth century, however the way in which these settlers became ascendent in the territory of the Trinovantes is not known. Studies suggest a pattern of typically peaceful co-existence, with the structure of the Romano-British landscape being maintained, and with the Saxon settlers believed to have been in the minority.
Response: The name Essex originates in the Anglo-Saxon period of the Early Middle Ages and has its root in the Anglo-Saxon (Old English) name Ēastseaxe ("East Saxons").
Instruction: Extract all of the dates mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Date} - {Description}
Input: The Yayhoos formed as a "temporary band" in 1993 and consisted of "an all-star lineout of country punk veterans," including Eric "Rosco" Ambel on guitar/vocals, Dan Baird on guitar/vocals, Keith Christopher on bass, and Terry Anderson on drums/vocals. With three solo artists from singer-songwriter backgrounds—Anderson, Ambel, and Baird—the band features three lead vocalists as well as three songwriters.
Response: • 1993 - The Yayhoos were formed during this year.
Instruction: Based on the reference text about Bruce Nodwell, what did he create?
Input: Bruce Nodwell, OC (May 12, 1914 – January 20, 2006) was a Canadian inventor who invented the Nodwell 110, a multi-purpose two-tracked vehicle capable of traversing a wide variety of adverse terrain, including sand, mud, muskeg, swamp, and snow.[1][2][3]

In 1970, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honor, "for his contribution to the opening of the Canadian North through his inventions and development of various types of tracked vehicles".[4] A mountain in Antarctica "Nodwell Peaks" and a lake in NWT bear his name.
Response: Bruce Nodwell invented the Nodwell 110, a two-tracked vehicle capable of traversing a wide variety of terrain.
Instruction: How did Ella Tromp begin her political career?
Input: Ella Tromp's political career began in 1989. She worked as an employee in the cabinet of the Prime Minister. On 9 March 1991 she was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary in the first cabinet of Nelson Oduber, a position which she held until 1 March 1993. She was the first woman in the history of the country to hold this position. She was also the first woman to be appointed as Minister of Finance, which she served as during Oduber's second cabinet. During her tenure as Minister of Finance, from 1993 to 1994, there was a quarrel between coalition members of the ruling government, which led to early elections and a shortened term. Despite this, she maintained firm control over government spending and for the first time in Aruba's status aparte period the country had a budget surplus.
Response: Ella Tromp began her political career working in the cabinet of the Prime Minister in 1989. After two years she was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary in the first cabinet of Nelson Oduber, and was the first woman in the history of the country to hold that position. She then became the Minister of Finance in 1993, a role she served in until 1994.
Instruction: What made Jackson decide to pursue acting?
Input: In Seattle, Jackson worked as an ad executive at a magazine and did some theater work on the side, earning his Equity card. "As soon as I found out what theater was, what Broadway was, I thought, 'Oh, that's what I'll do with my life.' Just a matter of getting all the pieces in place", he said. Inspired to rethink his career after the September 11 attacks, he moved to New York City to pursue his dream of being an actor: "[Acting] was something I always wanted to do but I was too scared and didn't have the confidence. 9/11 changed everything for all of us. It gave me the urgency."
Response: The occurrence of the September 11 attacks
Instruction: Extract all the movies from this passage and the year they were released out. Write each movie as a separate sentence
Input: The genre has existed since the early years of silent cinema, when Georges Melies' A Trip to the Moon (1902) employed trick photography effects. The next major example (first in feature length in the genre) was the film Metropolis (1927). From the 1930s to the 1950s, the genre consisted mainly of low-budget B movies. After Stanley Kubrick's landmark 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), the science fiction film genre was taken more seriously. In the late 1970s, big-budget science fiction films filled with special effects became popular with audiences after the success of Star Wars (1977) and paved the way for the blockbuster hits of subsequent decades.[1][2]
Response: A Trip to the Moon was released in 1902. Metropolis came out in 1927. 2001: A Space Odyssey was released in 1968. Star Wars came out in 1977.
Instruction: What caused Africa's integration into the Roman System?
Input: Following the conquest of North Africa's Mediterranean coastline by the Roman Empire, the area was integrated economically and culturally into the Roman system. Roman settlement occurred in modern Tunisia and elsewhere along the coast. The first Roman emperor native to North Africa was Septimius Severus, born in Leptis Magna in present-day Libya—his mother was Italian Roman and his father was Punic.[81]
Response: Rome's conquest of North Africa's Mediterranean coastline lead to Africa's integration into the Roman System.
Instruction: What was the hit single on Nek's 1996 Album Lei, gli amici e tutto il resto?
Input: Lei, gli amici e tutto il resto (She, friends and everything else), is the fourth studio album by Italian singer-songwriter Nek. It was released in 1996, as his first studio album with Warner Music Group. It was re-released on 1 March 1997, after the success of the single "Laura non c'è", which had not been included in the album.[1]

Since 1999 there have been reported sales of over 2 million copies all over the world.[2][3]
Response: Laura non c'è" was the hit single, but wasn't added until the album was released in 1997.
Instruction: Give me the name of the most famous books written by Shakespeare
Input: Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613.[11][12][f] His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language.[2][3][4] In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights.
Response: Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth
Instruction: Is Belgrandia varica found in Europe or Australia?
Input: Belgrandia varica was previously considered to be extinct, however it has been classified as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) by IUCN because it might still be present in a small spring that has been overlooked during previous surveys.

This species is endemic to France.
Response: Belgrandia varica is endemic to France, so therefore it is found in Europe.
Instruction: Who created the scheme programming language?
Input: Scheme is a dialect of the Lisp family of programming languages. Scheme was created during the 1970s at the MIT AI Lab and released by its developers, Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman, via a series of memos now known as the Lambda Papers. It was the first dialect of Lisp to choose lexical scope and the first to require implementations to perform tail-call optimization, giving stronger support for functional programming and associated techniques such as recursive algorithms. It was also one of the first programming languages to support first-class continuations. It had a significant influence on the effort that led to the development of Common Lisp.[1]
Response: The scheme programming language was developed by Guy L. Steele and Gerald Jay Sussman during the 1970s at the MIT AI Lab in a series of memos known as the Lambda Papers.
Instruction: What is the Ritterhaus Uerikon
Input: There is an old mansion (Ritterhuus) built in 1531 that bases on a tiny castle of 1492 serving as place of the former local administration of the Einsiedeln Abbey. It is located at the lake shore.[1]
Response: There is an old mansion (Ritterhuus) built in 1531 that bases on a tiny castle of 1492 serving as place of the former local administration of the Einsiedeln Abbey. It is located at the lake shore in Uerikon, Switzerland.
Instruction: Extract the reason why the check clearing system was created
Input: Because some banks refused to clear checks from certain other banks during times of economic uncertainty, a check-clearing system was created in the Federal Reserve System. It is briefly described in The Federal Reserve System‍—‌Purposes and Functions as follows:[29]

By creating the Federal Reserve System, Congress intended to eliminate the severe financial crises that had periodically swept the nation, especially the sort of financial panic that occurred in 1907. During that episode, payments were disrupted throughout the country because many banks and clearinghouses refused to clear checks drawn on certain other banks, a practice that contributed to the failure of otherwise solvent banks. To address these problems, Congress gave the Federal Reserve System the authority to establish a nationwide check-clearing system. The System, then, was to provide not only an elastic currency‍—‌that is, a currency that would expand or shrink in amount as economic conditions warranted‍—‌but also an efficient and equitable check-collection system.
Response: During financial crises in early 20th century, some banks refused to clear checks drawn on certain other banks, a practice that contributed to the failure of otherwise solvent banks, which ultimately led to severe crises that swept the nation, therefore Congress gave the Federal Reserve System the authority to establish a nationwide check-clearing system to address such systematic issues.
Instruction: What does the acronym IMET stand for?
Input: International Military Education and Training (IMET) is the title of a United States security assistance program, a type of student exchange program.
Response: International Military Education and Training
Instruction: List down some points about life of cricketer Peggy Antonio from the given passage
Input: Peggy Antonio (2 June 1917 – 11 January 2002, Melbourne, Australia) was an Australian women's Test cricketer, known as the "Girl Grimmett".

Antonio was raised in Port Melbourne, Victoria, a working class suburb of Melbourne. Her father was a Chilean docker of French and Spanish descent who died when she was 15 months. With the encouragement of her uncle she learnt her cricket from the boys in her neighbourhood streets. As a young girl during the Great Depression, she was lucky enough to find work at a shoe factory in the industrial suburb of Collingwood. The factory was home to a women's cricket team where Antonio came to the attention of Eddie Conlon, a club cricketer with an encyclopaedic knowledge of the game. With the assistance of Conlon, Antonio developed a rare mix of leg spin and off spin, including a top spinner and a wrong'un.
Response: 1. Peggy Antonio, also referred to as the "Girl Grimmett," played women's Test cricket for Australia and died on January 11, 2002, in Melbourne, Australia.
2. Antonio grew up in the working-class Melbourne district of Port Melbourne, Victoria.
3. When she was 15 months old, her father, a Chilean docker of French and Spanish ancestry, passed away.
4. With her uncle's encouragement, she picked up cricket from the guys on the streets of her area.
5. She was fortunate enough to work at a shoe factory in the Collingwood industrial area during the Great Depression as a young child.
6. Eddie Conlon, a club cricketer with encyclopaedic knowledge of the game, saw Antonio when he was playing for the women's cricket team at the factory.
7. With Conlon's help, Antonio created an uncommon combination of leg spin and off spin, including a top spinner and a wrong'un.
Instruction: Based on the paragraph below, how much did Beyonce earn in 2013 - 2014
Input: MTV estimated that by the end of 2014, Beyoncé would become the highest-paid Black musician in history;[415] this became the case in April 2014.[416] In June 2014, Beyoncé ranked at number one on the Forbes Celebrity 100 list, earning an estimated $115 million throughout June 2013 – June 2014. This in turn was the first time she had topped the Celebrity 100 list as well as being her highest yearly earnings to date.[417] In 2016, Beyoncé ranked at number 34 on the Celebrity 100 list with earnings of $54 million. She and Jay-Z also topped the highest paid celebrity couple list, with combined earnings of $107.5 million.[418]
Response: Beyonce earned $115 million throughout June 2013 - June 2014. In 2014 she also became the highest-paid Black musician in history.
Instruction: Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name}
Input: After becoming a major success by the early 1940s, the company diversified into live-action films, television, and theme parks in the 1950s. Following Walt Disney's death in 1966, the company's profits, especially in the animation division, began to decline. Once Disney's shareholders voted Michael Eisner as the head of the company in 1984, it became overwhelmingly successful during a period called the Disney Renaissance. In 2005, under new CEO Bob Iger, the company started to expand and acquire other corporations. Bob Chapek became the head of Disney in 2020 after Iger's retirement. Chapek was ousted in 2022 and Iger was reinstated as CEO.
Response: • Walt Disney
• Michael Eisner
• Bob Iger
• Bob Chapek
Instruction: What happens during the section called "Giggle Box"?
Input: The TV series was starred and created by Justin Fletcher, who plays the characters in all of the comedy sketches and also wrote a few sketches in its first series. Some of the sketches are filmed in the studio, while other sketches are filmed outside; for example, one is filmed at Portmeirion, used for the fictional town of Wiggyville where Captain Adorable's sketches are set from Series 1 to 2. The show is interspersed with a selection of children called the Gigglekids, who tell jokes to Justin himself, in their own section called 'Giggle Box'.
Response: Children called the Gigglekids tell jokes to Justin.
Instruction: Who founded The Heart Institute (InCor) in São Paulo?
Input: The Heart Institute, University of São Paulo (Instituto do Coração da Universidade de São Paulo, or InCor) is one of the clinical institutes of the central University's teaching hospital (Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo) and recognized as one of the world's academic and clinical excellence centers in cardiology, cardiovascular medicine and cardiovascular surgery.

The Heart Institute was founded in 1963 (60 years ago) by the noted cardiovascular surgeon and professor of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Dr. Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini.
Response: The Heart Institute (InCor) was founded by Dr. Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about computer engineering, what is RISC?
Input: In computer engineering, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) is a computer architecture designed to simplify the individual instructions given to the computer to accomplish tasks. Compared to the instructions given to a complex instruction set computer (CISC), a RISC computer might require more instructions (more code) in order to accomplish a task because the individual instructions are written in simpler code. The goal is to offset the need to process more instructions by increasing the speed of each instruction, in particular by implementing an instruction pipeline, which may be simpler given simpler instructions.[1]
Response: RISC stands for reduced instruction set computer. It is a computer architecture designed to simplify the individual instructions given to the computer to accomplish tasks.
Instruction: Where can you find Lygodactylus gutturalis?
Input: Lygodactylus gutturalis, also known as the Uganda dwarf gecko or chevron-throated dwarf gecko, is a species of gecko. It is widely distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa from near the Equator northward. Subspecies Lygodactylus gutturalis dysmicus is endemic to Cameroon, and subspecies Lygodactylus gutturalis paurospilus to Tanzania.[1]
Response: Lygodactylus gutturalis is a species of gecko commonly found in Sub-Saharan Africa from near the Equator northward.
Instruction: How do you play baseball?
Input: Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each, taking turns batting and fielding. The game occurs over the course of several plays, with each play generally beginning when a player on the fielding team, called the pitcher, throws a ball that a player on the batting team, called the batter, tries to hit with a bat. The objective of the offensive team (batting team) is to hit the ball into the field of play, away from the other team's players, allowing its players to run the bases, having them advance counter-clockwise around four bases to score what are called "runs". The objective of the defensive team (referred to as the fielding team) is to prevent batters from becoming runners, and to prevent runners' advance around the bases.[2] A run is scored when a runner legally advances around the bases in order and touches home plate (the place where the player started as a batter).
Response: Baseball is played with two teams of nine players each that take turns batting and fielding.  The objective of the offensive team is to hit the ball into the field of play away from the other team's players, allowing its players to run bases and having them advance around the bases and score runs. The objective of the defensive team is to prevent batters from becoming runners, and to prevent runners' advance around the bases.
Instruction: Which sports offer championship belts to their winners?
Input: A championship belt is a large, extravagantly designed belt used primarily in combat sports such as boxing, mixed martial arts, and professional wrestling to signify the champions of the promotion or company, much like a cup or trophy in other sports. There are several companies in the business of constructing championship belts.
Response: Championship belts are usually awarded in combat sports, which include boxing, mixed martial arts, and professional wrestling. The belts are used to designate the champions of the promotion or the company.
Instruction: How long did the Roman Empire last
Input: In modern historiography, Ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC) and Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) until the fall of the western empire.
Response: 1229 years
Instruction: How many people are needed to perform the Turing test?
Input: The Turing test, originally called the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1950,[2] is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behaviour equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Turing proposed that a human evaluator would judge natural language conversations between a human and a machine designed to generate human-like responses. The evaluator would be aware that one of the two partners in conversation was a machine, and all participants would be separated from one another. The conversation would be limited to a text-only channel, such as a computer keyboard and screen, so the result would not depend on the machine's ability to render words as speech.[3] If the evaluator could not reliably tell the machine from the human, the machine would be said to have passed the test. The test results would not depend on the machine's ability to give correct answers to questions, only on how closely its answers resembled those a human would give.
Response: You need two people: one person is the conversation partner to the machine. And another, the evaluator which observes the conversation from distance unaware which side is the machine and which side is human.
Instruction: What is a small-world network?
Input: A small-world network is a mathematical graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but the neighbors of any given node are likely to be neighbors of each other. Due to this, most neighboring nodes can be reached from every other node by a small number of hops or steps.[1] Specifically, a small-world network is defined to be a network where the typical distance L between two randomly chosen nodes (the number of steps required) grows proportionally to the logarithm of the number of nodes N in the network.
Response: A small-world network is a mathematical graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but the neighbors of any given node are likely to be neighbors of each other.
Instruction: Based on this paragraph about religions of the world, what are the "big five" religions?
Input: World religions is a category used in the study of religion to demarcate the five—and in some cases more—largest and most internationally widespread religious movements. Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are always included in the list, being known as the "Big Five". Some scholars also include other world religions, such as Taoism, Jainism, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, and the Baháʼí Faith, in the category. These are often juxtaposed against other categories, such as indigenous religions and new religious movements, which are also used by scholars in this field of research.
Response: The "Big Five" refers to the five most prominent religious movements globally: Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Instruction: Is UBS a good bank
Input: UBS Group AG[nb 1] is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres as the largest Swiss banking institution and the largest private bank in the world. UBS client services are known for their strict bank–client confidentiality and culture of banking secrecy.[nb 2] Because of the bank's large positions in the Americas, EMEA, and Asia Pacific markets, the Financial Stability Board considers it a global systemically important bank.
Response: The UBS Group AG is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres as the largest Swiss banking institution and the largest private bank in the world. UBS client services are known for their strict bank–client confidentiality and culture of banking secrecy.

Because of the bank's large positions in the Americas, EMEA, and Asia Pacific markets, the Financial Stability Board considers it a global systemically important bank.
Instruction: What record label did 101 Damnations go through?
Input: 101 Damnations is the debut studio album by English rock band Carter the Unstoppable Sex Machine, released on 15 January 1990 through Big Cat Records. After playing in different bands, James Robert "Jim Bob" Morrison and Les "Fruitbat" Carter formed Bob and played their first show in August 1987, before changing the name to Carter the Unstoppable Sex Machine. Over the next year, they played various shows across London before signing to Big Cat; with shows further north of the city in early 1989, a fanbase started building. The duo recorded their debut album with producer Simon Painter at Important Notice Studios, which was a garage on Painter's property, in Mitcham, South London. 101 Damnations is a punk rock and glam rock album that merged the styles of David Bowie and Pet Shop Boys, alongside loud guitars, drum machines and samples taken from films and TV shows.
Response: 101 Damnations was released on January 15, 1990 through Big Cat Records.
Instruction: Who introduced primogeniture into East Frisia?
Input: Johan I of East Frisia (1506–1572) was a member of the house of Cirksena and a non-reigning Count of East Frisia and later imperial governor of Limburg. His father, Edzard the Great, had introduced primogeniture in the county of East Frisia, so that his older brother Enno II of East Frisia inherited the county alone and he had to hold back. Despite his ambitions, he always acknowledged his brother's rights and did not dispute the inheritance.
Response: Edzard the Great
Instruction: When did Felix Luna die?
Input: Félix César Luna (30 September 1925 – 5 November 2009) was an Argentine writer, lyricist and historian.
Response: Felix Luna died on November 5th, 2009
Instruction: Who was Lester Menke
Input: Lester D. Menke (December 16, 1918 – March 5, 2016) was a state Representative from the Iowa's 5th and 7th Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1985, serving as Speaker pro Tempore from 1981 to 1985. After he served in the Iowa House, Menke served as a liaison between Governor Terry Branstad and the legislature for two years. Menke has a B.A. from Morningside College, where he later served as a member of the board of directors, and attended The University of Iowa College of Law for one year. He worked as a farm owner and for an insurance agency. He served on various school boards and served as president of the Iowa Association of School Boards and State Board of Public Instruction and as director of the National Association of State Boards of Education, as well as serving on the Iowa Educational Radio and Television Facilities Board. Menke received Morningside College's Distinguished Alumni award in 1975.[1]
Response: Lester D. Menke (December 16, 1918 – March 5, 2016) was a state Representative from the Iowa's 5th and 7th Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1985, serving as Speaker pro Tempore from 1981 to 1985. 

After he served in the Iowa House, Menke served as a liaison between Governor Terry Branstad and the legislature for two years. Menke has a B.A. from Morningside College, where he later served as a member of the board of directors, and attended The University of Iowa College of Law for one year. He worked as a farm owner and for an insurance agency.

He served on various school boards and served as president of the Iowa Association of School Boards and State Board of Public Instruction and as director of the National Association of State Boards of Education, as well as serving on the Iowa Educational Radio and Television Facilities Board. Menke received Morningside College's Distinguished Alumni award in 1975.
Instruction: From the given text, please give me a short bulleted list of the key characteristics of the Capitolium of Brixia in Brescia (Italy)
Input: The primary temple in the city, it was dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad. It was built in 73 AD and consists of three cellae that have preserved much of the original polychrome marble floors,[30] while their interior walls are now a lapidarium displaying ancient Roman epigraphs collected in the 19th century. In front of the cellae, is a fragmentary portico, composed of Corinthian columns that support a pediment containing a dedication to the Emperor Vespasian. Almost entirely buried by a landslide of the Cidneo Hill, it was rediscovered in 1823 through various archaeological campaigns. During excavation in 1826, a splendid bronze statue of a winged Victory was found inside it, likely hidden in late antiquity to preserve it from pillage. After restoration completed in 2013, the site reopened as a new archaeological park.
Response: Primary temple of the city, built in 73 AD
Dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad
Three cellae preserve the original polychrome marble floors
Interior walls display ancient Roman epigraphs from the 19th century
Almost fully buried by a landslide, and rediscovered in 1823. 
Restoration completed in 2013.
Instruction: Who won the 2016 Nobel Prize?
Input: The word "autophagy" was in existence and frequently used from the middle of the 19th century.[11] In its present usage, the term autophagy was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963 based on his discovery of the functions of lysosome.[3] The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s allowed researchers to deduce the mechanisms of autophagy,[12][13][14][15][16] which eventually led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.[17]
Response: The Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.
Instruction: What does FAS, MTO and ATO stand for?
Input: Final Assembly Schedule, often abbreviated as FAS and sometimes referred to as finishing schedule, is a schedule of end items to finish the product for specific customer orders in a make to order (MTO) or assemble-to-order (ATO) environment.
Response: FAS = Final Assembly Schedule
MTO = make to order
ATO = assemble-to-order
Instruction: Given a reference text about "More", when was it the top song on Christian radio and how long did it maintain its spot?
Input: "More" is a song written and performed by American contemporary Christian musician Matthew West, from his first album, Happy. The album was released in late 2003, and it was the first and most successful radio single of West's career up to that time.[1] The song stayed at No. 1 on Christian radio for nine consecutive weeks during 2004, breaking the previous record of eight weeks.[2] In 2004, it was the most-played contemporary Christian song of the year.

By request of astronaut Rex J. Walheim, "More" was played during the Day 5 wake-up call aboard STS-135, NASA's last Space Shuttle fligh
Response: The song "More" was the top song on Christian radio for nine weeks in 2004.
Instruction: Locate 7 countries which are part of Central America.
Input: Central America (Spanish: América Central [aˈmeɾika senˈtɾal] (listen) or Centroamérica [sentɾoaˈmeɾika] (listen)) is a subregion of the Americas.[2] Its boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Central America usually consists of seven countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Within Central America is the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot, which extends from northern Guatemala to central Panama. Due to the presence of several active geologic faults and the Central America Volcanic Arc, there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage.
Response: Seven countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
Instruction: Was John Clark Dore president of State Savings Institution in 1872?
Input: John Clark Dore (March 22, 1822 – December 14, 1900) was an American educator and politician from New Hampshire. A graduate of Dartmouth College, Dore briefly taught in Boston, Massachusetts before he was recruited to come to Chicago, Illinois to serve as its first superintendent of school. Dore was also a successful merchant, serving as the vice president of the Chicago Board of Trade. He was elected to the Illinois Senate in 1868, where he helped to establish the Illinois Humane Society.

He assumed the presidency of the Commercial Insurance Company, then was named president of the Chicago Board of Underwriters in 1869. Following the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, he was named the president of the State Savings Institution, resigning in 1873. Dore also presided over the Newsboys' and Bootblacks' Home and donated a building to them in 1884.
Response: Yes, he was named president of the State Savings Institution in 1871 and did not resign until 1873.
Instruction: What are The Loxurini
Input: The Loxurini are a small tribe of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.
Response: The Loxurini are a small tribe of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae.
Instruction: When did Finland and Sweden join NATO?
Input: Russia's invasion of Ukraine prompted Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership in May 2022,[1] and the ratification process for Sweden is in progress.[2][3] Finland officially joined on 4 April 2023. Ukraine applied for NATO membership in September 2022 after Russia claimed to annex part of its territory.[4] Two other states have formally informed NATO of their membership aspirations: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia.[5] Kosovo also aspires to join NATO.[6] Joining the alliance is a debate topic in several other European countries outside the alliance, including Austria, Ireland, Malta, Moldova, and Serbia.[7]
Response: Finland officially joined NATO on 4 April 2023, while the ratification process for Sweden is in progress.
Instruction: What is the Maurice Richard Trophy
Input: The Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy, also known as the Rocket Richard Trophy,[1] is awarded annually to the leading goal scorer in the National Hockey League (NHL). It was donated to the NHL by the Montreal Canadiens in 1998–99 and is named in honour of legendary Montreal Canadiens right winger Maurice "Rocket" Richard. First won by Teemu Selanne, it is currently held by Auston Matthews, who scored 60 goals during the 2021–22 NHL season.
Response: The Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy, also known as the Rocket Richard Trophy, is awarded annually to the leading goal scorer in the National Hockey League (NHL). It was donated to the NHL by the Montreal Canadiens in 1998–99 and is named in honour of legendary Montreal Canadiens right winger Maurice "Rocket" Richard. 

First won by Teemu Selanne, it is currently held by Auston Matthews, who scored 60 goals during the 2021–22 NHL season.
Instruction: Extract the names of the islands located on the Eastern Group of the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Input: These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.
Response: Flores and Corvo
Instruction: Who is Oren Middlebrook
Input: Oren Middlebrook (born January 23, 1953) is a former American football wide receiver. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1978.[1][2]
Response: Oren Middlebrook (born January 23, 1953) is a former American football wide receiver. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1978.
Instruction: Given a reference text about the electrolytic detector, when was it replaced and what replaced it?
Input: The electrolytic detector, or liquid barretter, was a type of detector (demodulator) used in early radio receivers. First used by Canadian radio researcher Reginald Fessenden in 1903, it was used until about 1913, after which it was superseded by crystal detectors and vacuum tube detectors such as the Fleming valve and Audion (triode).[1][2] It was considered very sensitive and reliable compared to other detectors available at the time such as the magnetic detector and the coherer.[3] It was one of the first rectifying detectors, able to receive AM (sound) transmissions. On December 24, 1906, US Naval ships with radio receivers equipped with Fessenden's electrolytic detectors received the first AM radio broadcast from Fessenden's Brant Rock, Massachusetts transmitter, consisting of a program of Christmas music.[4][5]
Response: The electrolytic detector was replaced around 1913 by crystal and vacuum tube detectors.
Instruction: What is a byte?
Input: The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer[1][2] and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures. To disambiguate arbitrarily sized bytes from the common 8-bit definition, network protocol documents such as the Internet Protocol (RFC 791) refer to an 8-bit byte as an octet.[3] Those bits in an octet are usually counted with numbering from 0 to 7 or 7 to 0 depending on the bit endianness. The first bit is number 0, making the eighth bit number 7.
Response: A byte is a unit of digital information consisting of eight bits (typically). Historically, a byte was the number of bits needed to encode a single character of text in a computer. Because of this, a byte is the smallest unit of. memory in many computer architectures.
Instruction: Please provide me a summary about Iron Maiden band.
Input: Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. Although fluid in the early years of the band, the lineup for most of the band's history has consisted of Harris, lead vocalist Bruce Dickinson, drummer Nicko McBrain, and guitarists Dave Murray, Adrian Smith and Janick Gers. The band have released 41 albums, including 17 studio albums, 13 live albums, four EPs and seven compilations. They have also released 47 singles and 20 video albums. Two electronic games have been released with Iron Maiden soundtracks, and the band's music is featured in a number of other video games.
Response: Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band. The most popular lineup is Steve Harris, Bruce Dickinson, Nicko McBrain, Dave Murray, Adrian Smith and Janick Gers. They have released 41 albums, 47 singles, 20 video albums and their music is featured in a number of video games.
Instruction: When has the movie The Ride been released
Input: The Ride is a 2018 independent film about a child who is fostered by an interracial couple, starring Shane Graham, Ludacris, and Sasha Alexander.[1]

It was released in North America in 2020 on Amazon Prime.[2]
Response: The Ride is a 2018 independent film about a child who is fostered by an interracial couple, starring Shane Graham, Ludacris, and Sasha Alexander.

It was released in North America in 2020 on Amazon Prime.
Instruction: When should I take vitamin D?
Input: The UK National Health Service (NHS) recommends that people at risk of vitamin D deficiency, breast-fed babies, formula-fed babies taking less than 500 ml/day, and children aged 6 months to 4 years, should take daily vitamin D supplements throughout the year to ensure sufficient intake.[116] This includes people with limited skin synthesis of vitamin D, who are not often outdoors, are frail, housebound, living in a care home, or usually wearing clothes that cover up most of the skin, or with dark skin, such as having an African, African-Caribbean or south Asian background. Other people may be able to make adequate vitamin D from sunlight exposure from April to September. The NHS and Public Health England recommend that everyone, including those who are pregnant and breastfeeding, consider taking a daily supplement containing 10 μg (400 IU) of vitamin D during autumn and winter because of inadequate sunlight for vitamin D synthesis.[121]
Response: If you live in England, NHS recommends that people with vitamin D deficiency take supplements, other people should get vitamin D directly from the sun from April to September and take a supplement containing 10 μg (400 IU) of vitamin D during autumn and winter.
Instruction: Extract the names of the teams Jubilee was a part of from the text. Separate them with a comma.
Input: Forgiven,X-Men,Generation X,X-Corps,New Warriors,Patsy Walker Temp Agency
Response: Jubilee was created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Marc Silvestri and first appeared in The Uncanny X-Men #244 (May 1989). Claremont had earlier introduced a "Jubilee" of sorts in The New Mutants Annual #2 (1986). In that story, Darla of the Fat Boys, after being mentally and biologically warped, uses identical powers to those of the later Jubilation Lee and introduces herself as "Jubilee! Whose every move is a celebration!" In her first appearance Jubilation Lee gives a similar self-introduction: "Actually, my name is Jubilee! 'Cause with me, every day's a celebration!" Darla is returned to normal by the end of The New Mutants Annual #2, and no in-story connection between the characters is ever established.

Jubilee appeared regularly as an X-Men team member in The Uncanny X-Men through issue #280 (Sept. 1991), and later was a staple of X-Men (1991) as a member of the X-Men's Blue Team.[2] During the same timeframe, she also served as Wolverine's sidekick in Wolverine vol. 2 #40–75 (1991–1993).

After the Phalanx Covenant storyline in X-Men #16–17 and The Uncanny X-Men #316–317, Jubilee, who was then a teenager, was transferred to the X-Men trainee squad Generation X and starred in the entire run of Generation X #1–75 (1994–2001). After the dissolution of Generation X, Jubilee returned to the pages of The Uncanny X-Men, first as a member of the X-Corporation (#403–406, 2002), and later as a team member in her own right (#423–437, 2003–2004). Jubilee had a six-issue self-titled limited series in 2004 written by Robert Kirkman, but loses her mutant powers in House of M – The Day After #1 (Jan. 2006). She then adopts the alias Wondra and joins the reconstituted New Warriors in New Warriors vol. 4 #1–20 (2007–2009).

Jubilee is affected with vampirism during the "Curse of the Mutants" in X-Men vol. 3 #1 (July 2010) and remained a sporadic character on that title through issue #27 (April 2012), as well as a supporting character in X-23 vol. 3 (2010–2011). In 2011, she saw print in her second four issue limited series, Wolverine and Jubilee written by Kathryn Immonen and drawn by Phil Noto, as an aftermath follow-up to the Curse of the Mutants storyline. Jubilee later featured as a regular character in the all-female X-Men vol. 4 #1–25 (2013–2015), and as a supporting character in Patsy Walker, a.k.a. Hellcat! (2016). She returned as a main cast member in Generation X vol. 2 #1-9, #85-87 (2017-2018) as the adult mentor to the new teenage main characters, during which she was cured of vampirism and had her mutant powers restored.
Instruction: List down some points about Dalai Lama from the given text
Input: Since the time of the 5th Dalai Lama in the 17th century, his personage has always been a symbol of unification of the state of Tibet, where he has represented Buddhist values and traditions. The Dalai Lama was an important figure of the Geluk tradition, which was politically and numerically dominant in Central Tibet, but his religious authority went beyond sectarian boundaries. While he had no formal or institutional role in any of the religious traditions, which were headed by their own high lamas, he was a unifying symbol of the Tibetan state, representing Buddhist values and traditions above any specific school. The traditional function of the Dalai Lama as an ecumenical figure, holding together disparate religious and regional groups, has been taken up by the fourteenth Dalai Lama. He has worked to overcome sectarian and other divisions in the exiled community and has become a symbol of Tibetan nationhood for Tibetans both in Tibet and in exile.
Response: 1. Since the 5th Dalai Lama's reign in the 17th century, when he embodied Buddhist principles and traditions, his persona has always been a symbol of Tibet's unification.
2. The Dalai Lama was a significant member of the Geluk lineage, which dominated Central Tibet politically and numerically, but his influence in Buddhism transcended beyond lines.
3. Although he played no official or institutional function in any of the religious traditions, which were led by their own high lamas, he served as the universal symbol of the Tibetan state, standing in preference to any particular school for Buddhist principles and traditions.
4. The 14th dalai lama has taken up the traditional functions of dalai lama as an ecumenical figure.
5. Dalai lama has become a symbol of Tibetan nationhood for Tibetans both in Tibet and in exile.