Question: Scream consists of rides of this type in which  the track turns riders upside-down and then returns them to an upright position that has early forms dating back to what year
Sentence (from "Roller coaster inversion"): Since then, the element have evolved from simple corkscrews and vertical loops to more complex inversions such Immelmann loops and cobra rolls. Featuring fourteen inversions, The Smiler at Alton Towers holds the world record for the number of inversions on a roller coaster.
Relevant evidence: No