Question: What was the famous work of an astronomer, mathematician and physicist originally from a city in modern-day Uzbekistan and is one of the oldest inhabited cities in Central Asia ?
Sentence (from "Central Asian Arabic"): It was once spoken among Central Asia's numerous settled and nomadic Arab communities, which inhabited areas in Samarqand, Bukhara, Qashqadarya, Surkhandarya (present-day Uzbekistan), and Khatlon (present-day Tajikistan), as well as Afghanistan.
Relevant evidence: No