MikaStars39/nano-eval huggingface dataset:
Once an enterprise marketing internationally has established an extensive sales network in a foreign market and achieved a significant increase in sales, it should adopt a marketing strategy in the foreign market that is similar to that in its home country. Therefore, in the early stages or in foreign markets where sales offices have only been established, a different marketing strategy is needed from that of the home country.
Which of the above, if true, best supports the above conclusion?

Options:
A. Sales networks in foreign markets can be identical to those in the home market.
B. Established sales networks can lead to increased brand loyalty in foreign markets.
C. In comparison, large foreign markets are better adapted to home country marketing strategies than small ones.
D. Certain countries' economies develop more rapidly than others.
E. Market research indicates that foreign consumers prefer local brands over international ones.
F. Home country marketing strategies are often more cost-effective than localized strategies.
G. An extensive marketing network is preferable to an underdeveloped one.
H. Cultural differences in consumer behavior necessitate unique marketing strategies.
I. The presence of local competitors requires adaptation of marketing strategies in foreign markets.
J. A successful marketing strategy in one foreign market guarantees success in another.
Answer: C
What is a straightforward judgment in which neither the main term nor the predicate term is circumscribed?

Options:
A. SER
B. SOP
C. SEP
D. SIPP
E. SIR
F. SUR
G. SIP
H. SIPT
I. SIEP
J. SIER
Answer: G
Baumgarten first used the concept of "aesthetics" in his book ___ in ___.

Options:
A. *Reflections on the Beautiful* ;1740
B. *Aesthetic Principles in Art* ;1745
C. *Elements of Artistic Critique* ;1725
D. *Critical Essays on Beauty* ;1730
E. *Reflections on the Beautiful* ;1755
F. *Aesthetic Principles in Art* ;1735
G. *Critical Essays on Beauty* ;1735
H. *Elements of Artistic Critique* ;1735
I. *Tacit Philosophical Thought about Poetry* ;1735
J. *Philosophical Meditations on Poetry* ;1750
Answer: I
What are the basic aspects of the universal nature of religion?

Options:
A. Political leadership and governmental structure
B. Financial growth and prosperity
C. Artistic expression and visual arts
D. Spiritual entities and rituals only
E. Architectural styles and music genres
F. Mythological creatures and folklore
G. Social essence and cultural essence
H. Educational systems and learning methodologies
I. Communication technologies and social media
J. Dietary restrictions and culinary practices
Answer: G
Religious experience is the psychological foundation for comprehending and conveying religious truths, being both perceptible and transcendental, and is considered to have significant value in which two aspects?

Options:
A. Community and
B. Myths and rituals.
C. Faith and wisdom.
D. Revelation and cognition.
E. Morality and ethics.
F. Prayer and meditation.
G. Symbolism and doctrines.
H. Enlightenment and understanding.
I. Intuition and reason.
J. Tradition and authority.
Answer: D
What are the main factors for the survival and development of religion?

Options:
A. Educational reforms
B. Ignorance and superstition.
C. Agricultural development
D. Scientific advancement
E. Technological innovation
F. Linguistic diversity
G. Economic stability
H. Political neutrality
I. Artistic expression
J. nternal server error
Answer: B
What are the similarities between the Way of the Five Pecks of Rice and the Way of Supreme Peace?

Options:
A. Both employ worship of an array of folk deities, and both adhere to scriptural recitations.
B. Both incorporate elements of ancestral veneration, and both utilize meditation techniques.
C. Both practice the doctrine of immortality and both worship the god Zao Jun.
D. Both integrate elements of Confucian ethics, and both adopt principles from the I Ching.
E. Both originated in the Wei-Jin period and both rely on Tao Te Ching.
F. Both embrace spiritual alchemy, and both emphasize achieving eternal life.
G. Both encourage ascetic practices, and both value the teachings of herbal medicine.
H. Both follow the Huang-Lao Daoism, and both believe in the concepts of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements.
I. Both highlight the importance of moral cultivation, and both respect the deity Tai.
J. Both utilize alchemical rituals, and both aim for transcendental spirituality.
Answer: H
In modern history, opium brought great disasters to the Chinese people. It greatly affected the course of China's historical development. The sub-port tax was an unequal condition that the powers forced the Qing government to sign through the Second Opium War,one of the important contents of the "Beijing Treaty", its meaning is __.

Options:
A. Tax exemption for foreign merchants
B. Import tax on foreign goods
C. Inland tax on foreign goods
D. Luxury tax on imported items
E. Additional tax for coastal trade
F. Fixed tax rate for all goods
G. Export tax on local goods
H. Tax based on the weight of goods
I. Combined tariff and inland tax
J. Tax on opium exports
Answer: C
The four banks monopolized by the Nationalist government are: the Central Bank, the Bank of China, the Agricultural Bank of China and __.

Options:
A. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank
B. Bank of Shanghai
C. Bank of Communications
D. Commercial Bank of China
E. Commercial Savings Bank
F. China Minmetals Bank
G. Industrial Bank
H. Bank of Beijing
I. China Merchants Bank
J. Construction Bank
Answer: C
The policy of the people's government in the anti-Japanese base areas towards capitalist industry and commerce is __.

Options:
A. Regulation and oversight
B. Nationalization and control
C. Encouragement and facilitation
D. Protection and development
E. Collaboration and integration
F. Privatization and deregulation
G. Public-private partnership
H. Restriction, utilization, and transformation
I. Crackdown and prohibition
J. Subsidization and support
Answer: D
With the increasing intensification of Sino-foreign and domestic contradictions, the Qing government tried to maintain its feudal rule by strengthening its political, economic and military strength, embarking on a rugged road of self-reliance and wealth. The treaty that forced China to allow foreign ships to go up the Yangtze River and enter the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the southwest hinterland was __.

Options:
A. "Treaty of Beijing"
B. "Treaty of Nanjing"
C. "Treaty of Tientsin"
D. "Treaty of Tianjin"
E. "Treaty of Shimonoseki"
F. "Treaty of Zhifu"
G. "Xin Chou Treaty"
H. "Treaty of Whampoa"
I. "Treaty of Kanagawa"
J. "Treaty of Aigun"
Answer: E
What are the economic theories and philosophical foundations of David Ricardo?

Options:
A. Kant's Theory of Enlightenment
B. Bacon's Materialism
C. Locke's Social Contract
D. Hume's Theory of Human Nature
E. Bentham's Utilitarianism
F. Hobbes' State of Nature
G. Descartes' Methodology
H. Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments
I. Rousseau's General Will
J. Mill's Principle of Utility
Answer: E
Who is the founder of the Neoclassical School of Economics?

Options:
A. David Ricardo
B. Adam Smith
C. John Stuart Mill
D. Karl Marx
E. Leon Walras
F. Thomas Malthus
G. Paul Samuelson
H. William Petty
I. John Maynard Keynes
J. Alfred Marshall
Answer: J
Which of the following events marks the collapse of the gold standard system?

Options:
A. In 1973, Nixon enforced energy crisis measures.
B. 1929 Stock Market Crash occurred in the US.
C. In 1965, US reduced the silver in coin production.
D. Establishment of the Bretton Woods System in 1944
E. In 1939, World War II disrupted global economies.
F. In 1971, Nixon announced the decoupling of the US dollar from gold.
G. 1929 Great Depression
H. In 1980, international gold trading was standardized.
I. In 1933, the US enforced banking reforms.
J. In 1931, the United Kingdom abandoned the gold standard.
Answer: F
What is the first premise of human history?

Options:
A. a certain social structure
B. a certain level of technology
C. a certain natural environment
D. a certain geographical location
E. certain material conditions
F. a certain mode of production
G. a certain economic system
H. a certain cultural belief system
I. a certain type of governance
J. a certain number of people
Answer: J
The general law of the interrelationship between the "two kinds of production" is ().

Options:
A. The production of human beings themselves must be compatible with the production of material goods.
B. The production of human beings and material goods are completely independent processes.
C. The production of material goods must be compatible with the production of human beings themselves.
D. The production of material goods necessarily promotes the production of human beings themselves.
E. Material goods have no impact on the production of human beings.
F. The production of human beings themselves affects the production of material goods.
G. The production of human beings is solely dependent on the production of material goods.
H. All forms of production must prioritize material goods over human beings.
I. The efficiency of production of material goods determines the number of human beings produced.
J. Human beings are produced exclusively through technological advancements in material goods.
Answer: A
As mankind enters the 21st century, human resources have become the most important resource for what kind of economic and social development?

Options:
A. Developmental resources
B. Sustainable resources
C. Empowering resources
D. Strategic resources
E. Transformative resources
F. Alternative resources
G. Dynamic resources
H. Renewable resources
I. Innovative resources
J. Proliferative resources
Answer: D
What is one of the following non-monetary measures of the value of human resources?

Options:
A. Skill Set Inventory Method
B. Job Attitude Measurement Method
C. Organizational Culture Assessment
D. Workforce Efficiency Scale
E. Employee Satisfaction Index
F. Non-purchase goodwill method
G. Stochastic compensation method
H. Talent Acquisition Index
I. Economic value method
J. Human Capital Cost Analysis
Answer: B
When a monopoly manufacturer implements three-level price discrimination, ().

Options:
A. The manufacturer can only charge a single price across all markets regardless of demand elasticity
B. The monopoly manufacturer can completely deprive all consumers of surplus
C. Manufacturers always lose revenue under three-level price discrimination
D. Three-level price discrimination requires the manufacturer to bundle products together
E. All consumers must pay the same price, regardless of their willingness to pay
F. Different markets must be divided, and manufacturers can set prices based on marginal cost equal to marginal revenue
G. Manufacturers charge different prices to consumers in different consumption quantity segments
H. The manufacturer must raise prices in markets with lower demand price elasticity and lower prices in markets with higher demand price elasticity
I. Price discrimination is illegal in all markets for monopoly manufacturers
J. The manufacturer will only decrease prices to consumers with higher incomes
Answer: H
The condition for a perfectly competitive firm to maximize profits is ().

Options:
A. Price equals average total cost
B. Total cost is minimized
C. Marginal cost is lower than marginal revenue
D. Marginal cost equals average revenue and average fixed cost is minimized
E. Total revenue is maximized
F. Marginal cost equals price, and price is higher than the lowest average fixed cost
G. Average variable cost is minimized
H. Marginal cost equals price, and price is higher than the lowest average variable cost
I. Price is equal to marginal revenue
J. Marginal revenue equals marginal cost and average total cost is minimized
Answer: H
During the "Double Eleven" period, many e-commerce platforms launched various "full discount" activities (such as 100 yuan discount for purchases over 200 yuan) to attract consumers. From the perspective of pricing strategy, this belongs to ().

Options:
A. Price skimming
B. Second-degree price discrimination
C. Value-based pricing
D. Non-price competition
E. Dynamic pricing
F. First-degree price discrimination
G. Psychological pricing
H. Predatory pricing
I. Bundle pricing
J. Third-degree price discrimination
Answer: B
According to China's regulations, which government department has the authority to reduce business tax?

Options:
A. State Council
B. Regional Development Office
C. Ministry of Finance
D. Tax Bureau
E. Economic Planning Committee
F. Provincial Government
G. Central Bank
H. Municipal Government
I. County Government
J. National People's Congress
Answer: A
The deficit caused by the inability of fiscal revenue, including debt revenue, to offset fiscal expenditure is called ( ).

Options:
A. structural deficit
B. cash flow deficit
C. revenue deficit
D. debtization of deficit
E. operational deficit
F. fiscal shortfall
G. soft deficit
H. hard deficit
I. cyclical deficit
J. monetization of deficit
Answer: H
The government of the country of residence also gives tax credits to the part of the income of its taxpayers that has received tax exemptions abroad, and no longer collects additional taxes according to the tax rate stipulated by the country. This method is called ( ).

Options:
A. exemption method
B. tax sparing
C. tax harmonization
D. tax deferral
E. deduction method
F. tax equalization
G. tax treaty
H. tax inversion
I. tax sheltering
J. credit method
Answer: B
Divide the taxable object into different levels according to the amount, and set the tax rate for each level from low to high. The total amount of the taxable object is taxed according to the corresponding tax rate, that is, the highest tax rate applicable to the taxable object is uniformly taxed. This tax rate is called ().

Options:
A. Excess progressive tax rate
B. Uniform proportional tax rate
C. Base tax rate
D. Incremental tax rate
E. Average tax rate
F. Flat tax rate
G. Marginal tax rate
H. Range proportional tax rate
I. Variable tax rate
J. Full progressive tax rate
Answer: A
According to the provisions of Chinese consumption tax collection system, when the consumption tax is levied on the taxable consumer goods commissioned for processing, the place of tax payment is ().

Options:
A. The commissioning party shall pay the consumption tax to the tax authority in the location of the processing plant
B. The commissioning party shall declare and pay the tax to the tax authority in the location of the goods
C. The trustee shall pay the consumption tax to the competent tax authority in its location
D. The trustee shall declare and pay the tax to the tax authority in the location of the goods
E. The trustee shall pay the consumption tax to the tax authority in the location of the goods
F. The commissioning party shall pay the consumption tax to the tax authority in the location of the goods
G. The trustee shall pay the consumption tax to the tax authority in the location of the processing plant
H. The commissioning party shall declare and pay the tax to the competent tax authority in its accounting location
I. The trustee shall declare and pay the tax to the competent tax authority in its accounting location
J. The commissioning party shall pay the consumption tax to the competent tax authority in its location
Answer: C
The first country in the world to implement a double-entry budget system is ().

Options:
A. France
B. Canada
C. Australia
D. Sweden
E. Denmark
F. Britain
G. Italy
H. the United States
I. Germany
J. Norway
Answer: E
Compared to developed countries, the predominant type of tax in the tax structure of developing countries is ( ).

Options:
A. Value-added tax (VAT)
B. Wealth tax
C. Property tax
D. Tariff tax
E. Excise tax
F. Luxury tax
G. Sales tax
H. Income tax
I. Capital gains tax
J. Corporate tax
Answer: A
Regarding intergovernmental transfer payments, which of the following statements is correct?

Options:
A. Funds from conditional transfer payments can be used for other purposes
B. Categorical grants are always tied to specific projects
C. Federal grants are considered unconditional intergovernmental transfers
D. Unconditional grants are the same as matching subsidies
E. The "three awards and one subsidy" policy does not belong to intergovernmental transfer payments
F. Matching subsidies belong to conditional transfer payments
G. Block grants do not fall under intergovernmental transfers
H. Conditional transfer payments exclusively support local initiatives
I. Block grants always require state matching funds
J. Intergovernmental transfer payments are the ultimate expenditure of the government
Answer: F
Among the following fiscal revenues, the revenue raised by the state through paid means is ( ).

Options:
A. Public Debt
B. Revenue from non-profit organizations
C. Earnings from unofficial partnerships
D. Income through unpaid volunteer contributions
E. Taxes
F. International governmental grants
G. Fiscal returns from public donations
H. Income from state-owned capital operation
I. Government funds
J. Profits from private sector investments
Answer: A
In China, to ensure that each local government can provide a basic level of public services, the central government should provide local governments with ( ).

Options:
A. federal grant programs
B. regional development funds
C. conditional transfer payments
D. special subsidies
E. fixed-rate financial support
F. adjustable financial aids
G. classified transfer payments
H. conditional loans and grants
I. limited fiscal resources
J. unconditional transfer payments
Answer: J
The basic work of expenditure management for culture, education, science and health is ( ).

Options:
A. variable resource planning
B. estimated revenue allocation
C. periodic budget setting
D. fixed ratio and quantity management
E. fixed quota management
F. adjustable percentage distribution
G. regular fiscal establishment
H. constant value adjustment
I. flexible management
J. determing management at any time
Answer: E
Base budget is also called ( ).

Options:
A. Zero-base Budgeting
B. Incremental budgeting
C. Baseline financial planning
D. Systematic spending assessment
E. Progressive financial outlining
F. Annual budgeting
G. Parameter budgeting
H. Quota cash allocation
I. Cyclic expenditure analysis
J. Threshold fiscal computation
Answer: B
What is usually provided by the market and government departments in cooperation?

Options:
A. Foreign goods
B. Public goods
C. Luxury goods
D. Social goods
E. Mixed goods
F. Common goods
G. Merchandise goods
H. Private goods
I. Necessity goods
J. Domestic goods
Answer: E
In China, a company is a general taxpayer of value-added tax. In 2010, it sold product A and obtained a taxable income of 117000. The deductible input tax for that year was 3000 yuan. The value-added tax payable by the company for that year is calculated as ____.

Options:
A. 17000 yuan
B. 10000 yuan
C. 11000 yuan
D. 14000 yuan
E. 16210 yuan
F. 11690 yuan
G. 12000 yuan
H. 15000 yuan
I. 12500 yuan
J. 13000 yuan
Answer: D
In practice, setting a maximum limit on the total tax burden falls under the form of tax expenditure known as _____.

Options:
A. Value-added tax
B. Tax credit
C. Tax exemption
D. Ad valorem tax
E. Tax holiday
F. Progressive tax
G. Tax deduction
H. Tax increment
I. Preferential tax rate
J. Tax evasion
Answer: I
The Hoffman ratio refers to the ratio of the net industrial output value of consumer goods (consumer goods) to the net industrial output value of means of production (capital goods). Hoffmann's theorem refers to the trend of decreasing Hoffmann's proportion in the process of industrialization. Accordingly, how many stages does Hoffman divide the process of industrialization into?

Options:
A. eight
B. seven
C. four
D. five
E. two
F. three
G. one
H. six
I. nine
J. ten
Answer: C
In international business negotiations, businessmen who have a negotiation style that emphasizes developing interpersonal relationships are usually ( ).

Options:
A. Indian businessmen
B. American businessmen
C. Russian businessmen
D. Canadian businessmen
E. Brazilian businessmen
F. Korean businessmen
G. German businessmen
H. Japanese businessmen
I. Arab businessmen
J. French businessmen
Answer: H
The meaning of "most-favored-nation treatment" in the WTO is ( ).

Options:
A. All members of the WTO give all non-members the same import treatment
B. A country grants special privileges to its closest trading partners
C. A country gives all members the same preferential import tariff treatment for goods
D. A country gives all members the same treatment as domestic goods
E. A country enforces trade barriers to protect its local markets
F. A country negotiates individual trade agreements with each member
G. A country gives all members the same preferential tariff and non-tariff treatment for goods
H. A country allows free trade only with selected nations
I. A country imposes higher tariffs on non-member countries
J. A country provides subsidies to domestic industries to compete with imports
Answer: G
A piece of equipment is exported from Shanghai to Singapore by sea. The Chinese side handles customs clearance procedures and the foreign side handles customs entry procedures. The foreigner pays the freight and insurance. The applicable trade term is ( ).

Options:
A. FAS Shanghai
B. DAP Singapore
C. DDP Singapore
D. CFR Singapore
E. CIF F Shanghai
F. FCA Shanghai
G. CIF Singapore
H. EXW Shanghai
I. FOB Shanghai
J. CIP Singapore
Answer: I
The final time for the WTO to fully implement the results of the Uruguay Round of negotiations is in ( ).

Options:
A. 2006
B. 2004
C. 2002
D. 2001
E. 2000
F. 2005
G. 2007
H. 2003
I. 2008
J. 2010
Answer: F
From the 1950s to the early 1970s, the foreign trade policies of developed countries did not tend to liberalize. Which of the following is a characteristic of trade liberalization during this period?

Options:
A. Increase of non-tariff barriers
B. Emergence of global trade organizations
C. Unbalanced development of post-war trade liberalization
D. Significant reduction in trade agreements
E. Substantial increase in tariffs
F. Europe has become an active promoter of trade liberalization
G. Widespread adoption of protectionist measures
H. Expansion of bilateral trade negotiations
I. Increased reliance on import quotas
J. Decrease in international cooperation on trade
Answer: C
"FOB quality, FOB weight" refers to ( ).

Options:
A. Inspection after customs clearance
B. Inspection in the exporting country, re-inspection in the importing country
C. Inspection by a third-party agency
D. Inspection at the warehouse
E. Inspection at the port of destination
F. Inspection during transit
G. Inspection upon delivery to the buyer
H. Inspection at the port of shipment
I. Inspection based on sample testing
J. Inspection at the port of shipment for weight, inspection at the port of destination for quality
Answer: H
The specialized term used in international trade to denote the division of risks, responsibilities, and costs between the parties involved, as well as the composition of the commodity price, is called ( ).

Options:
A. Trade terms
B. Market sharing principles
C. International treaties
D. Trade practices
E. Risk management frameworks
F. Price negotiation strategies
G. Market regulations
H. Trade agreements
I. Contractual obligations
J. Commercial terms
Answer: A
Which of the following is an import surcharge?

Options:
A. Customs duty
B. Variable levy
C. business tax
D. Value-added tax
E. Trade subsidy
F. Revenue tariff
G. Transit tax
H. Import tax
I. Export duty
J. Anti-dumping tax
Answer: J
A Chinese company exported a batch of rice, which was soaked in seawater for a long time due to an insurance accident and sprouted, losing its original use. This loss belongs to ( ).

Options:
A. Constructive total loss
B. General average
C. Salvage loss
D. Depreciation loss
E. Actual total loss
F. Contingent loss
G. Incidental damage
H. Freight loss
I. Particular average
J. Partial loss
Answer: E
The settlement method with the highest risk for the seller among the following is ( ).

Options:
A. Documentary credit
B. M/T
C. Letter of credit
D. Telegraphic Transfer
E. D/P
F. Advance payment
G. Trade credit
H. Prepayment of goods
I. D/A
J. Cash on delivery
Answer: I
The institution with ultimate control within the EU is ( ).

Options:
A. Council of the European Union
B. Court of Auditors
C. European Court of Justice
D. European Parliament
E. Agency for Fundamental Rights
F. European Central Bank
G. Committee of the Regions
H. Council of Ministers
I. European Commission
J. Economic and Social Committee
Answer: H
According to the interpretation of the "2010 Incoterms", for the terms FOB and CFR, the party responsible for chartering the ship is respectively ( ).

Options:
A. the former is the seller and the latter is the buyer
B. the former is the carrier and the latter is the buyer
C. both sellers
D. the former is the buyer's agent and the latter is the seller's agent
E. the former is the seller's broker and the latter is the buyer's broker
F. the former is the seller and the latter is the carrier
G. both buyers
H. the former is the seller's agent and the latter is the buyer's agent
I. the former is the shipper and the latter is the seller
J. the former is the buyer and the latter is the seller
Answer: J
Among the following trade methods, the one in which the raw materials are shipped in and the finished products are shipped out, but the ownership is not actually transferred is ( ).

Options:
A. Direct export
B. Toll manufacturing
C. Processing with imported materials
D. Franchising
E. Contract manufacturing
F. Barter trade
G. Compensation trade
H. Processing with supplied materials
I. Consignment
J. Joint venture
Answer: H
The main characteristics of the GSP are ().

Options:
A. universal, non-discriminatory, reciprocal, temporary
B. universal, non-discriminatory, non-reciprocal, permanent
C. non-universal, non-discriminatory, non-reciprocal
D. universal, discriminatory, reciprocal
E. universal, non-discriminatory, temporary
F. universal, non-discriminatory, non-reciprocal
G. universal, discriminatory, non-reciprocal, permanent
H. non-universal, discriminatory, non-reciprocal
I. non-universal, non-discriminatory, temporary
J. non-universal, non-discriminatory, reciprocal
Answer: F
According to the absorption analysis theory of international balance of payments, expenditure conversion policies mainly include ( ).

Options:
A. industrial policy
B. trade policy
C. fiscal policy
D. exchange rate policy
E. Tax policy
F. monetary policy
G. financial subsidy policy
H. investment policy
I. price control policy
J. financial regulatory policy
Answer: D
On January 8, 2012, the exchange rates in the foreign exchange markets were as follows: London Market: 1 GBP = 1.42 USD; New York Market: 1 USD = 1.58 CAD; Toronto Market: 100 GBP = 220 CAD. If an arbitrageur invests 1,000,000 GBP for arbitrage, which of the following is correct?

Options:
A. There is no arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 19,800 pounds
B. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the loss is 19,800 pounds
C. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 19,800 Canadian dollars
D. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 19,900 pounds
E. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 19,800 pounds
F. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 15,000 pounds
G. There is no arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is zero
H. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the gain is 19,800 pounds
I. There is an arbitrage opportunity, and the profit is 19,800 US dollars
Answer: E
Which of the following options belongs to indirect financing?

Options:
A. bank credit
B. venture capital
C. national credit
D. private credit
E. corporate bonds
F. mutual funds
G. real estate financing
H. equity investments
I. commercial credit
J. direct loans
Answer: A
Among the spot foreign exchange transactions, the one with the highest exchange rate is ( ).

Options:
A. Letter exchange rate
B. Currency swap rate
C. Telegraphic transfer rate
D. Letter of Credit exchange rate
E. Spot exchange rate
F. Check exchange rate
G. On-Demand exchange rate
H. Cash exchange rate
I. Bill exchange rate
J. Forward exchange rate
Answer: C
To achieve the ultimate balance of the macro-economy, the dominant factor is ().

Options:
A. equilibrium of imports and exports
B. management of national savings
C. regulation of interest rates
D. control of inflation rates
E. equilibrium of the commodity market
F. stability of foreign exchange rates
G. equilibrium of the labor market
H. equilibrium of fiscal policies
I. balance of public and private sector debt
J. equilibrium of the money market
Answer: J
In foreign trade settled in foreign currency, if the foreign currency appreciates against the local currency, the importer will pay more in local currency. This risk is called ().

Options:
A. Currency fluctuation risk
B. Exchange rate risk
C. Price risk
D. Conversion risk
E. Transaction risk
F. Economic risk
G. Financial risk
H. Political risk
I. Settlement risk
J. Importer's risk
Answer: E
The digital RMB issued by the People's Bank of China is mainly __.

Options:
A. government bond equivalent
B. current deposits
C. digital savings account
D. physical currency replacement
E. cryptocurrency alternative
F. narrow money M1
G. foreign exchange reserves
H. broad money M2
I. circulating key currency M0
J. investment fund asset
Answer: I
In a futures contract, the price of the futures is ( ).

Options:
A. determined by the buyer and seller at the time of commodity delivery
B. affected by the daily market closing price
C. set based on the average price of previous contracts
D. determined by the government regulating agency
E. negotiated annually before the market opens
F. influenced by market speculation and trends
G. determined by the buyer and seller when signing the contract
H. determined independently by the provider of the underlying asset
I. established randomly by computerized trading systems
J. determined by the futures exchange
Answer: G
Usually, enterprises applying for loans from commercial banks will obtain more information about their investment projects than banks. This information difference is () and it will cause () problems.

Options:
A. asymmetric information; risk sharing
B. unequal information; credit evaluation
C. adverse selection; moral hazard
D. data imbalance; investment risks
E. adverse selection;risk sharing
F. knowledge gap; risk assessment
G. informational asymmetry; capital management
H. information asymmetry; moral hazard
I. information disparity; funding issues
J. asymmetric information; adverse selection
Answer: J
Based on the competition model, study the general equilibrium of a closed economy. If the money supply increases, then ().

Options:
A. The price level and output level fall, but the money wage is not affected
B. The price level rises, but both the money wage and output level fall
C. Both the price level and the output level rise, but the money wage is not affected
D. Both the price level and the money wage rise, but the output level is not affected
E. The money wage falls, but both the price level and output level rise
F. Both the money wage and output level rise, but the price level is not affected
G. Both the price level and the money wage fall, but the output level is not affected
H. The money wage rises, but both the price level and output level are not affected
I. The output level falls, but both the price level and money wage rise
J. Both the price level and the money wage are not affected, but the output level rises
Answer: C
Which of the following statements about SDR is correct?

Options:
A. SDR can be used by individual citizens for personal transactions
B. SDR is used to fund military operations
C. SDR was introduced in the 21st century
D. SDR has been allocated twice in total
E. SDR is pegged to the value of gold
F. SDR can serve as a reserve asset for international trade payments and international investment
G. SDR can only be exchanged for US dollars
H. SDR is denominated by four currencies: US dollar, euro, Japanese yen and Swiss franc
I. SDR is exclusively used by the United Nations
J. SDR is a book asset created by the Fund
Answer: J
A company had an operating expense of 1 million yuan in 2014. The company tax rate is 30%. This expense caused ( ).

Options:
A. after-tax profit increased by 300,000 yuan
B. after-tax profit decreased by 400,000 yuan
C. taxable income decreased by 500,000 yuan
D. tax payment decreased by 300,000 yuan
E. tax payment decreased by 700,000 yuan
F. tax payment increased by 300,000 yuan
G. taxable income decreased by 300,000 yuan
H. taxable income decreased by 900,000 yuan
I. taxable income decreased by 700,000 yuan
J. after-tax profit decreased by 700,000 yuan
Answer: J
If the initial investment, project cash flow, and after-tax cash flow all double, and other conditions remain unchanged, how will IRR and NPV change?

Options:
A. IRR remains unchanged, NPV remains unchanged
B. IRR decreases slightly, NPV decreases significantly
C. IRR decreases, NPV remains unchanged
D. IRR increases, NPV decreases
E. IRR remains unchanged, NPV decreases
F. IRR remains unchanged, NPV increases
G. IRR increases, NPV remains unchanged
H. IRR increases slightly, NPV increases significantly
I. IRR decreases, NPV increases
J. IRR increases, NPV increases
Answer: F
Compared with material capital, human capital has the following characteristics that _____.

Options:
A. it is tangible
B. it is productive capital
C. it is measurable
D. it can bring income through investment
E. it is dependent
F. it is infinite
G. it stops earning
H. it is perishable
I. it is immobile
J. it is capital formed through investment
Answer: E
The multidimensional labor market belongs to the () labor market.

Options:
A. non-equilibrium
B. uniformly distributed
C. dynamically balanced
D. homogeneous
E. perfectly competitive
F. equilibrium
G. fully integrated
H. non-homogeneous
I. partially segmented
J. consistently diverse
Answer: H
The core of mainstream economics is their ().

Options:
A. asset allocation strategy
B. production theory
C. business cycle concept
D. economic structure model
E. value theory
F. consumer behavior analysis
G. financial systems theory
H. human investment theory
I. labor relations theory
J. market efficiency framework
Answer: E
School education is conducive to improving the stock of workers' () and thus improving the value of human capital.

Options:
A. skills
B. appearance
C. fitness
D. clothing
E. health
F. height
G. diets
H. relationships
I. homes
J. knowledge
Answer: J
The expansion of the labor force and the improvement of its quality are the () in the labor force production and reproduction model.

Options:
A. expansion of labor reproduction
B. stability of labor force maintenance
C. advancement of labor quality
D. maintaining labor force growth
E. reduction in labor force size
F. simple reproduction of labor
G. decline in labor force development
H. enhancement of labor reproduction quality
I. maintaining reproduction of labor
J. reduction of labor reproduction
Answer: A
At present, China defines the range of potential labour resources as ().

Options:
A. including those under 16 years of age who do not participate in the labour force regularly, and establishing an upper age limit
B. including those under 16 years of age who do not participate in the labour force, and abolishing the upper age
C. men aged 16 to 54, women aged 16 to 54
D. permanent labour force participants under 16 years of age
E. excluding those under 16 years of age who participate in the labour force on a regular basis, and abolishing the upper age limit
F. including those under 16 years of age who participate in the labour force irregularly, and maintaining an upper age limit
G. excluding those over 54 years of age who participate in the labour force on a regular basis, and maintaining
H. active military personnel
I. excluding those under 16 years of age who participate in the labour force occasionally, and maintaining an upper age limit
J. excluding those over 16 years of age who participate in the labour force occasionally, and introducing a new upper age
Answer: E
When the wage rate remains at a high level and the income is also at a high level, the impact of the wage rate on the labor supply is ().

Options:
A. uncertain
B. contracting sharply
C. decreasing gradually
D. expanding rapidly
E. negative impact
F. stabilizing significantly
G. positive impact
H. fluctuating slightly
I. no impact
J. increasing continuously
Answer: E
Employers who discriminate cannot discriminate as they please in the () market.

Options:
A. equalized monopoly
B. monopolistic competition
C. free enterprise system
D. perfect competition
E. oligopoly
F. absolute monopoly
G. partial competition
H. unrestricted market
I. complete monopoly
J. controlled monopoly
Answer: D
In a typical market economy system, workers as economic actors pursue ().

Options:
A. maximum profit
B. maximum success
C. maximum satisfaction
D. maximum resources
E. maximum utility
F. maximum benefit
G. maximum efficiency
H. maximum income
I. maximum production
J. maximum consumption
Answer: E
The way companies compensate employees for special training costs is ().

Options:
A. promote employees after completing training costs
B. provide loan options for employees' training fees
C. decrease employees' salaries post-training completion
D. pay employees at a higher VMP level than employees
E. companies directly bear all training costs
F. offer tax deductions for employee training costs
G. reduce employee benefits after improving skills
H. pay employees at a lower VMP level than employees
I. reimburse employees for passing certification exams
J. trained employees directly bear all training costs
Answer: H
Generally speaking, the principle for implementing the wage level in the public sector is ().

Options:
A. "social average wage" principle
B. "maximum wage" principle
C. "comparative wage" principle
D. "minimum wage" principle
E. "balanced wage" principle
F. "fair wage" principle
G. "standard wage" principle
H. "equitable wage" principle
I. "competitive wage" principle
J. "living wage" principle
Answer: C
In the theories of Western economists on economic decision-making in raising children, they regard children as their parents' ().

Options:
A. durable consumer goods and investment goods
B. financial liabilities and assets
C. luxury items and necessities
D. intangible assets and liabilities
E. investment goods
F. substitutes
G. durable consumer goods
H. social responsibilities and assets
I. economic burdens and resources
J. sentimental investments and goods
Answer: A
The discriminatory behavior that will affect the welfare of both employees and customers is ().

Options:
A. vendor favoritism
B. industrial discrimination
C. vendor discrimination
D. incomplete employer information
E. employer discrimination
F. customer discrimination
G. employee favoritism
H. employee discrimination
I. incomplete employee information
J. gender discrimination
Answer: F
Minimum wage legislation not only creates beneficiaries and losers among the poor, but also brings certain ().

Options:
A. employment opportunities
B. restrictions
C. advantages
D. benefits
E. losses
F. efficiency
G. fluctuations
H. investments
I. improvements
J. uncertainties
Answer: E
Compared with structural unemployment, frictional unemployment _____.

Options:
A. has a short cycle, while structural unemployment has no cycle
B. has a short cycle, while structural unemployment has a short cycle
C. has a long cycle, while structural unemployment has a long cycle
D. has no cycle, while structural unemployment has a short cycle
E. has no cycle, while structural unemployment has a long cycle
F. has a short cycle, while structural unemployment has a variable cycle
G. has a long cycle, while structural unemployment has a variable cycle
H. has a short cycle, while structural unemployment has a long cycle
I. has a long cycle, while structural unemployment has a short cycle
J. has a long cycle, while structural unemployment has no cycle
Answer: H
Based on the results of the estimation of 20 observations, the one-way linear regression model has a D.W. = 2.3, and at a sample size of n = 20, an explanatory variable k = 1, and a significance level of a = 0.05, it is possible to determine that $$d_{L}$$ = 1, and $$d_{U}$$ = 1.41, which would determine ()

Options:
A. Presence of negative autocorrelation
B. Presence of zero-order autocorrelation
C. Presence of positive zero-order autocorrelation
D. No negative first-order autocorrelation
E. Presence of positive first-order autocorrelation
F. Unable to determine
G. No second-order autocorrelation
H. Presence of negative first-order autocorrelation
I. No first-order autocorrelation
J. Unable to determine second-order effects
Answer: I
Which of the following products has the highest price elasticity of supply?

Options:
A. Standard manufactured items
B. Capital-intensive products
C. Ordinary handicrafts
D. Luxury goods
E. Consumer electronics
F. Commercial office supplies
G. Mass-produced clothing
H. Affordable exercise equipment
I. Basic agriculture goods
J. Everyday personal care products
Answer: C
The minimum sample size required for the model to produce parameter estimates is ( ).

Options:
A. $n≥k/2+1$
B. $n≥k+1$
C. $n≥2k+1$
D. $n≥k^2+1$
E. $n≤k/2$
F. $n≥k/3+1$
G. $n≥30$
H. $n≥3k+1$
I. $n≤k+ 1$
J. $n≥k-1$
Answer: B
What is the variable value of the distribution series compiled by grouping 30 stores in a certain area according to their retail sales amount?

Options:
A. Number of Stores
B. Sales range per group
C. Organizational structure of stores
D. Total retail sales amount
E. Standard deviation of sales
F. Retail sales of each group
G. Grouping criterion of sales
H. Number of stores for each group
I. Average sales per store
J. Retail Sales
Answer: F
What can the stepwise regression method test and revise?

Options:
A. Continuous variable adjustments
B. Multicollinearity
C. Autocorrelation
D. Binary outcome analysis
E. Predictor variability effects
F. Heteroscedasticity
G. Normal distribution parameters
H. Random explanatory variable
I. Independent variable relationships
J. Random probability calculation
Answer: B
If a sample is biased due to intentional manipulation by a person, this type of error belongs to ().

Options:
A. Data collection error
B. Experimental Error
C. Design error
D. Computational error
E. Instrumental error
F. Non-sampling error
G. Sampling error
H. Measurement error
I. Random error
J. Processing error
Answer: F
In parameter estimation, it is required to estimate the population parameters through the sample statistics. One of the standards for evaluating the statistics is to minimize the deviation from the population parameters. This evaluation criterion is called ( ).

Options:
A. Stability
B. Effectiveness
C. Reliability
D. Validity
E. Robustness
F. Precision
G. Unbiasedness
H. Sufficiency
I. Sensitivity
J. Consistency
Answer: B
The predictive equation established for a certain time series is \hat{Y}_{t}=100-20x, indicating the quantity for each period of the time series ().

Options:
A. Projected decrease of 100.
B. Forecasted increase of 100.
C. Average increase of 100
D. Expected growth of 20.
E. On average, reduce by 100
F. Incremental change of 20.
G. General decline of 100.
H. The average increase is 20
I. Average reduction of 20.
J. General decrease of 20.
Answer: I
There are registration forms from three regions, A, B, and C, with 10, 15, and 25 candidates respectively. Among them, the number of registration forms for female candidates is 3, 7, and 5 respectively. If one form is randomly selected, what is the probability that the selected form is for a female candidate?

Options:
A. 5/18
B. 14/45
C. 29/90
D. 7/18
E. 16/45
F. 8/30
G. 1/9
H. 61/90
I. 11/30
J. 1/3
Answer: C
Hegel believes that in the stage of abstract law, it goes through three phases in sequence: ownership, ( ), and illegality.

Options:
A. Exchange
B. Sale
C. Claim
D. Contract
E. Accord
F. Transaction
G. Obligation
H. Possession
I. Agreement
J. Covenant
Answer: D
The three components of Hegel's philosophy of law system are ( ) ?

Options:
A. Private Law, Public Law, and International Law
B. Analytic Law, Social Law, and Moral Law
C. Descriptive Law, Prescriptive Law, and Theoretical Law
D. Empirical Law, Legal Positivism, and Ethical Law
E. Religious Law, Common Law, and Civil Law
F. International Statutes, Local Ordinances, and Administrative Law
G. Subjective Law, Objective Law, and Positive Law
H. Natural Law, Statutory Law, and Customary Law
I. Abstract methods, morality, and ethics
J. Procedural Law, Theoretical Law, and Normative Law
Answer: I
The litigation status of a third party with an independent claim is equivalent to ()?

Options:
A. Mediator
B. Legal Advisor
C. Court Clerk
D. Jury Member
E. Witness
F. Arbitrator
G. Defendant
H. Plaintiff
I. Determine the litigation status of the third party based on their claim
J. Neither the plaintiff nor the defendant
Answer: H
Who compared legislative power to the "heart of the nation"?

Options:
A. Rousseau
B. Spinoza
C. Descartes
D. Voltaire
E. Kant
F. Diderot
G. Montesquieu
H. Locke
I. Hobbes
J. Hume
Answer: A
The drafting of international law by intergovernmental organizations began in the () century?

Options:
A. 20
B. 12
C. 14
D. 21
E. 16
F. 18
G. 19
H. 13
I. 17
J. 15
Answer: G
Environmental administrative inaction refers to the state where environmental supervision and management authorities, which have the duty or obligation to actively implement administrative actions, fail to fulfill, incompletely fulfill, or ____ of their statutory duties.

Options:
A. interrupt the obligations
B. hasten the performance
C. advance the obligations
D. expedite the resolution
E. pause the completion
F. revoke the responsibilities
G. delay the fulfillment
H. negate the execution
I. cease the enforcement
J. accelerate the duties
Answer: G
When a city intermediate people's court tried a case of the right to name, it considered that the provision of Article 22 of the Marriage Law that "children may follow their father's surname and may follow their mother's surname" needed further clarification of the specific meaning, so it suspended the trial and submitted it to the Supreme People's Court step by step. According to Chinese Constitution and laws, what is correct in the following practices?

Options:
A. The Intermediate People's Court of the city should directly issue a judicial ruling on the interpretation.
B. The Intermediate People's Court may ask the Standing Committee for a legal interpretation explanation.
C. The Supreme People's Court may request the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to provide legal interpretation of this article.
D. The Intermediate People's Court can solicit the Supreme Procuratorate to explain the legal definitions of this article.
E. The Intermediate People's Court of the city should directly submit to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and make a judgment based on the result of the request.
F. The Supreme People's Court should issue a judicial interpretation to further clarify the specific meaning of this provision.
G. The Intermediate People's Court of the city may cite the Constitution as the basis for its judgment.
H. The Supreme People's Assembly might provide clarification to the particular wording of the provision.
I. The Supreme People's Court should request the Supreme Administrative Court to interpret the specific clause.
J. The Higher People's Court can suggest a constitutional amendment before ruling on this case.
Answer: C
According to the Chinese Constitution and laws, what is correct regarding the submission of a query case?

Options:
A. In the Provincial People's Congress session, individual delegates can submit written inquiry cases.
B. During the National People's Congress session, a delegation may submit a written inquiry case.
C. During the National People's Congress session, the special committees may submit written inquiries.
D. During the National People's Congress session, a single delegate can submit a written inquiry.
E. During the National People's Congress, any member may submit a written inquiry case.
F. In the session of the National People's Congress, a group may submit a written inquiry case.
G. During the National People's Congress, ten or more representatives can jointly submit a written inquiry case.
H. During the National People's Assembly, a delegation can submit a written inquiry case.
I. During the meeting of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the Chairman may submit written inquiries.
J. During the National People's Assembly gathering, a single delegate can present a written inquiry.
Answer: B