MikaStars39/nano-eval huggingface dataset:
The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Severely Punishing Criminals Who Seriously Endanger Public Security stipulates: "This decision shall apply to the above cases tried after the announcement of this decision." The law adopts the principle of retroactivity ().

Options:
A. The principle of non-retroactivity
B. The principle of following the new law
C. The principle of following the proclaimed law
D. The principle of following the old law and the principle of leniency
E. The principle of discretionary retroactivity
F. The principle of following the international law
G. The principle of following the old law
H. The principle of ignoring the new findings
I. The principle of following the basic law
J. The principle of following the new law and the principle of leniency
Answer: B
The "Decision on the Punishment of Crimes of Fraudulently Purchasing Foreign Exchange, Evading Foreign Exchange Control, and Illegally Trading Foreign Exchange," passed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on December 29, 1998, falls under which category of criminal law?

Options:
A. Legislative interpretation of criminal law
B. Regular criminal law
C. Revision of existing criminal law
D. Confidential criminal law
E. Special criminal law
F. Amendment to the criminal law
G. Supplementary criminal law
H. Emergency criminal law
I. Generalized administrative law
J. Structural change in criminal law
Answer: E
According to Chinese criminal law, if a person who is both deaf and mute or blind commits a crime, the law states ().

Options:
A. They may be given a lighter, reduced, or exempted punishment
B. They may be given an increased or similar punishment.
C. They could be exempted from any form of punishment.
D. They could get a harsher punishment for their conduct.
E. They should not have any consequence for their actions.
F. They may be given a lighter or reduced punishment.
G. They may be given a lighter punishment.
H. They must receive the same punishment like everyone else.
I. They shall be awarded with privileges not a punishment.
J. They must be given a reduced or exempted punishment.
Answer: A
If the first secretary, A, of a foreign embassy in China is involved in a domestic criminal group's kidnapping and robbery activities, how should A's criminal responsibility be addressed?

Options:
A. Apply A's home country's law to hold them criminally responsible
B. Apply Chinese criminal law to hold A criminally responsible
C. Address A's activities via a UN-led investigation
D. Allow the kidnap victims to seek personal retribution
E. Directly deport A
F. Resolve the issue through diplomatic channels
G. Hold a public trial for A in China
H. Impose financial penalties on A's foreign embassy
I. Apply international criminal law to hold A accountable
J. Conduct a joint trial with A's home country and China
Answer: F
Regarding the relationship between age of responsibility and mental capacity, which of the following options is correct?

Options:
A. Xu drank alcohol to gain the courage to commit murder and, while extremely intoxicated, killed someone. Xu bears no criminal responsibility for intentional homicide.
B. Joe, while mentally sound, began committing an intentional assault. During the assault, Joe suddenly developed a mental illness and, while incapacitated, stole the victim's property. Joe should be charged with robbery.
C. Paul, after injecting a harmful substance into a drink, suffered a stroke. The person drinking the substance fell ill but survived. Paul should be tried for attempted murder.
D. Upon implanting an explosive in Sarah's car, Jim swiftly became mentally incapacitated. The car exploded while Jim was unfit. Jim should be cleared of any wrongdoing.
E. After administering poison in Lana's coffee, Lyle gradually lost his mental stability. Lana ingested the poison and perished while Lyle was debilitated. Lyle should be acquitted of any crime.
F. After putting poison in Ding's teacup, Bing suddenly developed a mental illness. Ding drank the poison and died while Bing was incapacitated. Bing should be charged with the completed crime of intentional homicide.
G. After stealing a vehicle, Zing unexpectedly fell into a coma. The stolen vehicle was involved in an accident causing injuries. Zing is not liable for the accident.
H. Frances placed a lock on a safe containing harmful substances before having a psychotic break. The safe was opened by someone else, causing harm. Frances is not responsible for the harm caused.
I. After administering a toxin in Tim's drink, Tom gradually grew unstable mentally. Tim consumed the toxin and expired while Tom was unstable. Tom should be absolved of the offense.
J. Lucy planted a time bomb before reaching the age of 14, and the bomb exploded after she turned 14, causing multiple casualties. Lucy bears no criminal responsibility for this.
Answer: F
In cases of bribery involving company or enterprise personnel, the subjective aspect of the crime must include ().

Options:
A. The intent of receiving unlawful gains
B. The objective of securing illicit advantages
C. The purpose of seeking immoral benefits
D. The purpose of seeking illegal benefits
E. The aim of achieving
F. The intention of obtaining unfair profits
G. The anticipation of financial rewards
H. The objective of gaining unofficial benefits
I. Criminal intent
J. The purpose of seeking improper benefits
Answer: J
Under Chinese law,A had an argument with his mother and, in a fit of anger, threw a computer monitor from the 5th floor. It fell near a pedestrian, Liu, causing Liu to fall and injure herself out of shock, requiring hospitalization. After receiving a report, the local police station dispatched two officers in uniform to handle the situation. A suddenly pulled out a controlled knife and chased the officers, severely endangering their safety. A's actions constitute ().

Options:
A. The crime of throwing objects from heights and the crime of assaulting a police officer
B. The crime of vandalism and the crime of assaulting a police officer
C. The crime of endangering public safety by dangerous means and the crime of obstructing official duties
D. The crime of endangering public safety by dangerous means and the crime of assaulting a police officer
E. The act of property destruction and the act of assaulting a police officer
F. The crime of throwing objects from heights and the crime of threatening a public servant
G. The crime of throwing objects from heights and the crime of obstructing official duties
H. The crime of vandalism and the crime of threatening a law enforcement officer
I. The act of property destruction and the act of evading police authority
J. The offense of reckless endangerment and the offense of intimidating a public servant
Answer: A
State employees who embezzle disaster relief funds or materials for personal use should be ().

Options:
A. Given an aggravated punishment for the crime of embezzling private funds
B. Provided counseling instead of punishment for embezz
C. Punished more severely for the crime of embezzling public funds
D. Provided counseling instead of punishment for embezzling public funds
E. Punished more severely for the crime of embezzling private funds
F. Punished less severely for the crime of embezzling specific funds
G. Punished more severely for the crime of embezzling specific funds or materials
H. Given an aggravated punishment for the crime of embezzling specific funds or materials
I. Given an aggravated punishment for the crime of embezzling public funds
J. Given equivalent punishment for the crime of embezzling public funds
Answer: C
Under Chinese law,State employee A accepted a bank card as a bribe for "doing favors" for someone. B used the 3 million yuan on the card to purchase stocks. B's actions constitute ().

Options:
A. The crime of harboring a criminal
B. The act of illegal financial speculation
C. The crime of fraudulent misrepresentation
D. The crime of bribery
E. The misuse of corporate funds
F. The violation of ethical conduct
G. The crime of concealing or disguising criminal proceeds
H. The embezzlement of company resources
I. The act of illegal insider trading
J. The crime of money laundering
Answer: J
What constitutes a social organization or group in social and political life, that gathers together according to specific interests or values, and participates in and influences political affairs and government decisions in an organized manner?

Options:
A. Political Association Organization
B. Interest-based Community
C. Public Interest Gathering
D. Societal Value Coalition
E. Governmental Influence Group
F. Political Affairs Lobby
G. Social Activity Union
H. Unified Political Engagement Group
I. Collective Community Cohesion
J. Government Impact Assembly
Answer: A
The origin of plant stories can be traced back to which early era?

Options:
A. Agricultural era
B. Renaissance period
C. Industrial era
D. Enlightenment era
E. Stone Age
F. Digital era
G. Iron Age
H. Bronze Age
I. Medieval period
J. Modern era
Answer: A
What classification method does Mr. Ding Naitong's "Index of Chinese Folk Story Types" use?

Options:
A. Structural
B. Uther Index
C. Proppian
D. Interpretive grouping
E. Morphological
F. Functional
G. Numerical classification
H. Thompson Index
I. Counting method
J. AT
Answer: J
Which of the following does the meaning of "concept" in social survey research include?

Options:
A. Insight, perspective, and background
B. Observation, conclusion, and hypothesis
C. Element, category, and framework
D. Definition, content and status
E. Description, methodology, and results
F. Factor, interpretation, and structure
G. Variable, sample, and population
H. Principle, context, and validity
I. Theory, finding, and analysis
J. Standard, measure, and evaluation
Answer: D
Regarding social form, what does Simmel propose to establish?

Options:
A. Philosophy
B. Anthropology
C. Economics
D. Sociology
E. Psychology
F. Biology
G. Political Science
H. Linguistics
I. History
J. Geometry
Answer: J
Which anthropological theory emphasizes the role of rituals and symbols in maintaining social order and cohesion within a society?

Options:
A. Ecological Determin
B. Social Role Theory
C. Cultural Materialism
D. Evolutionary Psychology
E. Functional Diffusionism
F. Social Conflict Theory
G. Historical Particularism
H. Symbolic Interactionism
I. Structural Functionalism
J. Cognitive Anthropology
Answer: I
What is the primary distinction between "sociobiology" and "cultural anthropology"?

Options:
A. Sociobiology investigates the environmental and adaptive traits, whereas cultural anthropology focuses on personal and communal rituals.
B. Sociobiology examines the hereditary and evolutionary aspects of conduct, while cultural anthropology looks into the role of shared and taught cultural norms.
C. Sociobiology examines the biological and hereditary elements of actions, while cultural anthropology studies the impact of society and history
D. Sociobiology investigates the inherited and evolutionary characteristics, while cultural anthropology delves into communal and shared cultural behaviors.
E. Sociobiology explores the genetic and adaptive processes, whereas cultural anthropology studies traditional and communal beliefs.
F. Sociobiology analyzes the inborn and instinctual tendencies, whereas cultural anthropology examines collective and learned norms.
G. Sociobiology explores the innate and inherited attributes of animals, while cultural anthropology investigates societal and traditional influences.
H. Sociobiology focuses on the genetic and evolutionary bases of behavior, while cultural anthropology emphasizes the role of learned and shared cultural practices.
I. Sociobiology concentrates on social structures and group dynamics, while cultural anthropology deals with individual and small-scale cultural variations.
J. Sociobiology explores genetic and mutation-driven behaviors, while cultural anthropology studies ritualistic and collaborative customs.
Answer: H
After World War II, Japan changed its () normal education to open teacher training education.

Options:
A. informal
B. traditional
C. alternative
D. elite
E. closed
F. competitive
G. restricted
H. decentralized
I. local
J. standardized
Answer: E
The reform proposal of "four objectives and seven specific recommendations for reform" was established through () by the German Council of Education, jointly appointed by the federal and state governments in 1970.

Options:
A. "Düsseldorf Agreement"
B. "National Curriculum Outline"
C. "Munich Educational Consensus"
D. "Berlin Educational Framework"
E. "Federal Education Directive"
F. "Stuttgart Education Protocol"
G. "Hamburg Agreement"
H. "Education System Blueprint"
I. "1970 Education Law"
J. "Education Structure Plan"
Answer: J
German teachers are all trained by (), and teachers at all levels and types of schools must reach the () level.

Options:
A. educational foundations and charities; certification level
B. colleges and universities; university education
C. online platforms and courses; graduate level
D. community colleges and programs; high school diploma
E. international schools and organizations; doctoral level
F. vocational schools and institutes; secondary education
G. private academies and centers; primary education
H. research institutions and labs; technical level
I. training centers and workshops; associate degree
J. government agencies and boards; professional training
Answer: B
The promulgation and implementation of the "James Report" in the UK in the 1970s promoted ().

Options:
A. the reduction of compulsory education to five years of schooling in the UK
B. the expansion of adult educational programs across various communities in the UK
C. the improvement of the level of popularization of higher education in the UK
D. the establishment of a non-directional training system for teacher education in the UK
E. the integration of vocational education and general education in the UK
F. the improvement of the level of democratization of secondary education in the UK
G. the establishment of a unified qualification framework for all UK educational sectors
H. the creation of a centralized curriculum for primary education in the UK
I. the introduction of a standardized testing system for university admissions in the UK
J. the alignment of tertiary education with industrial sectors in the UK
Answer: D
The current types of secondary education schools in Russia mainly include (), science schools, and liberal arts schools.

Options:
A. specialized schools
B. international schools
C. technical schools
D. general education schools
E. vocational schools
F. community schools
G. theoretical schools
H. comprehensive schools
I. applied science schools
J. practical skills schools
Answer: A
The three changes in the development of teacher education are: from () to (), from () to (), and from primary teacher education to secondary teacher education.

Options:
A. institutional; personal; ethical; non-ethical
B. localized; national; philosophical; non-philosophical
C. private; public; religious; secular
D. private; communal; spiritual; non-spiritual
E. personal; communal; theological; aetheological
F. individual; collective; faith-based; non-faith-based
G. internal; external; moral; amoral
H. traditional; modern; ecclesiastical; non-ecclesiastical
I. governmental; independent; spiritual; nonspiritual
J. domestic; international; sacred; secular
Answer: C
The university promotion movement includes creating new universities or colleges and providing ().

Options:
A. adult university courses
B. community outreach initiatives
C. extended library hours
D. additional faculty hiring
E. vocational training workshops
F. scholarships for athletes
G. renovation of campus facilities
H. expanded online programs
I. financial aid for students
J. increased academic research
Answer: A
Among family education, social education and school education, the one that plays a leading role is __

Options:
A. vocational training
B. self-guided education
C. religious education
D. family education
E. cultural education
F. educational television
G. social education
H. community education
I. school education
J. peer group education
Answer: I
What is the law of external relations of education?

Options:
A. Education should promote the all-round development of people
B. Education should follow its own special laws
C. Education must be entirely controlled by the government
D. Education should serve socialist construction
E. Education should prioritize individual achievements over community needs
F. Education should focus solely on vocational training
G. Education must eliminate all forms of competition
H. Education is a social activity to train people
I. Education should limit access to privileged individuals
J. Education should discourage critical thinking and innovation
Answer: D
Higher education can be divided into specialist education, undergraduate education and graduate education, what does this refer to?

Options:
A. The hierarchy of higher education
B. The distribution structure of higher education
C. The funding sources of higher education
D. The accreditation process of higher education
E. Subject structure of higher education
F. The historical evolution of higher education
G. The demographic trends in higher education
H. The curriculum design of higher education
I. The geographical distribution of higher education
J. Formal structure of higher education
Answer: A
What is the form of college teacher training mainly used to train backbone teachers and academic leaders?

Options:
A. Seminar
B. Audit graduate classes
C. Community service training
D. Online professional development courses
E. Independent research projects
F. Educational leadership workshops
G. Domestic study, special seminars
H. International exchange programs
I. Peer mentorship programs
J. Teaching assistant training class
Answer: G
The influence of acquired knowledge, motor skills, emotions and attitudes on new learning is called learning ().

Options:
A. Adaptation
B. Integration
C. Optimization
D. Transformation
E. Motivation
F. Assimilation
G. Skills
H. Migration
I. Manipulation
J. Tactics
Answer: H
What are reading skills, writing skills, arithmetic skills, problem solving skills?

Options:
A. Comprehension skills
B. Cognitive skills
C. Analytical skills
D. Learn skills
E. Applied skills
F. Memory skills
G. Interpretive skills
H. Technical skills
I. Operation skills
J. Mental skills
Answer: J
The essence of metacognition is people's self-awareness of cognitive activities and ().

Options:
A. self-management
B. self-direction
C. self-cognition
D. self-reflection
E. self-improvement
F. self-evaluation
G. self-regulation
H. self-control
I. self-assessment
J. self-learning
Answer: H
What is the scale used to measure academic performance? What is a quantitative assessment method that selects some behavior samples that can represent academic performance for assessment and makes quantitative analysis?

Options:
A. Performance grading
B. Instructional tests
C. Academic profiling
D. Learning analytics
E. Instructional measurement
F. Classroom observation
G. Curriculum analysis
H. Teaching evaluation
I. Educational metrics
J. Student surveys
Answer: B
Reflecting the authenticity of the causal relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, what determines the interpretation of the experimental results?

Options:
A. Face validity
B. Predictive validity
C. Intrinsic validity
D. Ecological validity
E. External validity
F. Statistical validity
G. Content validity
H. Temporal validity
I. Overall validity
J. Construct validity
Answer: C
The structure or classification of teaching objectives is not unique. Different teaching theories have different views, but the most influential one is Bloom's classification, which divides teaching objectives into ()

Options:
A. comprehension, application, and synthesis
B. cognition, emotion and learning strategy
C. theory, practice, and assessment
D. understanding, comprehension and application
E. memory, thought, and action
F. physiology, psychology and emotion
G. awareness, understanding
H. analysis, synthesis, and evaluation
I. cognition, emotion and motor skills
J. knowledge, attitude, and behavior
Answer: I
The learning environment is a combination of various factors that affect human learning. As a learning environment, it includes three aspects: physical environment, social environment and ().

Options:
A. legal environment
B. digital environment
C. ecological environment
D. political environment
E. economic environment
F. network environment
G. cultural environment
H. educational environment
I. psychological environment
J. information environment
Answer: F
Eastern Europe uses () color television standard.

Options:
A. SECAM-K standard
B. SECAM standard
C. NTSC-C standard
D. PAL standard
E. NTSC-J standard
F. PAL-M standard
G. NTSC standard
H. PAL-N standard
I. PAL-B standard
J. PAL-D standard
Answer: B
The purpose of setting up a firewall is mainly to prevent ()

Options:
A. network viruses
B. accidental injuries
C. hardware theft
D. hacker attacks
E. electrical faults
F. unauthorized access
G. software malfunctions
H. accidental data loss
I. system crashes
J. fire
Answer: D
According to the characteristics of the components of the question, "How to cultivate students' sense of responsibility" belongs to __.

Options:
A. poorly structured questions
B. result-oriented inquiries
C. open-ended problems
D. general questions
E. well-structured questions
F. broad conceptual questions
G. highly engineered questions
H. non-specific queries
I. cognitive questions
J. clearly defined inquiries
Answer: A
In which dynasty did the "six schools and two schools" appear in the central official school system of Chinese feudal society?

Options:
A. The Song Dynasty
B. Tang Dynasty
C. The Sui Dynasty
D. The Western Jin Dynasty
E. The Yuan Dynasty
F. The Han Dynasty
G. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
H. The Ming Dynasty
I. The Qing Dynasty
J. The Zhou Dynasty
Answer: B
What is the typical form of a course that focuses on indirect experience?

Options:
A. Peripheral courses
B. Activity courses
C. Workshop courses
D. Core curriculum
E. Extracurricular courses
F. Elective courses
G. Practical application courses
H. Seminar courses
I. Subject courses
J. Field study courses
Answer: I
What are the training methods such as cognitive cue, emotional recall, emotional transposition, consolidation and deepening, and situational performance?

Options:
A. Environmental adaptation training techniques
B. Experiential training techniques
C. Training techniques for empathy
D. Training techniques for mental skills
E. Memory enhancement training techniques
F. Creative expression training techniques
G. Sensory integration training techniques
H. Behavioral modification training methods
I. Story method training techniques
J. Cognitive restructuring training methods
Answer: C
An early childhood teacher said :" As the "king of children ", the atmosphere with the children is not created by any modern decoration means. Looking at those sweet and lovely little faces, all the troubles and worries disappear in an instant, and the poems and paintings of life fly in front of my eyes, making my heart bright and warm......" What does this show?

Options:
A. The innocence and beauty of preschool teaching profession
B. The impact of parental involvement in preschool settings
C. Preschool teachers' labor is spiritual production
D. Multiple roles of preschool teachers
E. The role of competition among children in learning
F. The need for advanced technology in classrooms
G. The importance of strict discipline in early education
H. The financial challenges faced by preschool teachers
I. The long-term effect of preschool teachers' education
J. The sufficiency of textbooks in preschool education
Answer: A
What has directed and supported the reform of the education system?

Options:
A. Culture
B. Level of economic development
C. Politics
D. Technological advancements
E. Community engagement
F. Social movements
G. Globalization
H. Educational policies
I. Environment
J. Historical events
Answer: C
Who is the leader of educational activities?

Options:
A. Educational policymakers
B. Educators
C. Student support services
D. Material resources for education
E. Community volunteers
F. Educatees
G. Technology integration specialists
H. Curriculum developers
I. School administrators
J. Educational content
Answer: B
What must be the premise for teachers to guide children's games?

Options:
A. Diversify your games
B. Keep the game purposeful
C. Promote competition among children
D. Minimize physical activity in games
E. Ensure the characteristics of children's games
F. Develop children's autonomy
G. Encourage children to play alone
H. Limit the types of games allowed
I. Focus solely on academic skills
J. Prioritize adult-led activities
Answer: E
In the use of indirect teaching methods, what is the primary role of teachers in children's activities?

Options:
A. Motivators who solely encourage participation
B. Controller
C. Administrators who manage classroom logistics
D. Facilitators
E. Disciplinarians who enforce rules strictly
F. Observers, supporters, collaborators
G. Designers who create all activities
H. Organizers
I. Instructors who provide direct answers
J. Evaluators who assess every action
Answer: F
When a person's thinking development is at a stage where 'everyone has a different perspective on a problem', what stage is their thinking development at?

Options:
A. Analytical stage
B. Subjective stage
C. Relativity Stage
D. Objectivity stage
E. The stage of pluralism
F. Integration stage
G. Convergence stage
H. Agreement theory stage
I. Dualism stage
J. Synthesis stage
Answer: E
What is a method of inferring the role of heredity by observing the creation (or elimination) of a trait (or trait) by an organism through selection?

Options:
A. Genetic drift analysis
B. Elimination method
C. Chromosomal crossover study
D. Epigenetic modification method
E. Galton process
F. Phenotypic variation technique
G. Mendelian method
H. Darwinian selection
I. Lamarckian inheritance
J. Gene mutation method
Answer: G
The intellectual laggards not only have significantly lower IQs than their peers, but ___.

Options:
A. they show less curiosity in new activities
B. There are obvious defects in social adaptive behavior
C. they exhibit delayed language skills
D. Low self-care ability
E. they struggle with academic achievements
F. dysthymia
G. There is antisocial behaviour
H. they have difficulty following instructions
I. they often face challenges in problem-solving
J. they also have slower cognitive development
Answer: B
The key to the formation of moral cognition is ___.

Options:
A. The recognition of social norms
B. The formation of moral concepts
C. The observation of moral behavior
D. The internalization of ethical principles
E. The understanding of moral consequences
F. The practice of moral habits
G. The engagement in moral discussions
H. Establishment of moral will
I. The development of the capacity for moral evaluation
J. The establishment of moral convictions
Answer: J
What is Vygotsky's psychological development view?

Options:
A. Psychological development is independent of social interactions
B. Psychological development is a static process
C. Psychological development depends on one's upbringing
D. Psychological development is unaffected by cultural factors
E. Psychological development is influenced by biological maturation
F. Psychological development is determined solely by genetics
G. Psychological development is a process of externalization
H. Psychological development refers to the development of higher mental functions
I. Psychological development is a linear progression with predetermined stages
J. Psychological development is the process of transforming from lower psychology to higher psychology
Answer: J
The retention time of short-term memory is ___.

Options:
A. Within seconds
B. A few days
C. A few hours
D. Several months
E. A year
F. Several weeks
G. About 1 hour
H. A month
I. Within 1 minute
J. Several days
Answer: I
A method of creative thinking where a problem that has been puzzling for a long time is suddenly solved in an unusual way due to certain triggering factors, refers to ___.

Options:
A. Lateral Thinking Method
B. Inspiration Thinking Method
C. Analogical Thinking Method
D. Broadening Horizons Method
E. Combination Thinking Method
F. Convergent Thinking Method
G. Divergent Thinking Method
H. Systematic Thinking Method
I. Reflective Thinking Method
J. Intuitive Thinking Method
Answer: B
From a practical perspective, class creation is often manifested in ___.

Options:
A. Adult Stage
B. Toddler Stage
C. Middle Age
D. Infant Stage
E. Late Adulthood
F. Childhood Stage
G. Early Adulthood
H. Senior Years
I. Pre-Teen Years
J. Adolescence
Answer: D
Piaget believes that there are four main factors affecting psychological development, among which the decisive factor of psychological development is ___.

Options:
A. Practice and gain experience
B. Peer interaction
C. Genetic inheritance
D. Emotional support
E. Social experience
F. Maturity
G. Cognitive stimulation
H. Parental guidance
I. Environmental influence
J. Balance
Answer: J
Children can begin to distinguish left and right orientation by themselves, but they cannot understand the relativity of left and right orientation. At this time, children are in ___.

Options:
A. 3 years old
B. 4 years old
C. 7 years old
D. 8 years old
E. 5 years old
F. 9 years old
G. 1 year old
H. 6 years old
I. 10 years old
J. 2 years old
Answer: E
"Plan before you do" belongs to ___.

Options:
A. Advanced Learning
B. Procedural knowledge in specialized areas
C. Procedural knowledge in non-specialized areas
D. Lower-level learning
E. Foundational learning principles
F. Routine task management
G. General problem-solving techniques
H. Basic learning strategies
I. Standard study methods
J. Introductory educational concepts
Answer: C
Individual differences among children can affect educational outcomes, and among these differences, those that significantly impact children's developmental progress are ___.

Options:
A. Gender Differences and Age Differences
B. Socioeconomic Status and Gender Differences
C. Educational Background and Personality Differences
D. Cultural Background Differences and Age Differences
E. Age Differences and Educational Background
F. Family Differences and Socioeconomic Status
G. Socioeconomic Status and Cultural Background Differences
H. Differences in Personality and Age
I. Cultural Background Differences and Personality Differences
J. **Personality Differences and Family Differences**
Answer: D
According to Piaget's theory of the stages of children's psychological development, children between the ages of 2 and 7 are in ___.

Options:
A. Intuitive Thought Stage
B. Pre-Processing Stage
C. Symbolic Play Stage
D. Formative Operation Stage
E. Perception of Motion Stage
F. Sensory-Motor Stage
G. Specific Calculation Stage
H. Reflective Thinking Stage
I. Concrete Operational Stage
J. Abstract Reasoning Stage
Answer: B
The entity that proposed the "Four Haves, Two Loves, Two Spirits" is ___.

Options:
A. National Education Inspection and Evaluation Institution
B. Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
C. decision on the Reform of the Educational System by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
D. Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
E. People's Government of Beijing Municipality
F. Law on Higher Education by the State Council of China
G. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
H. National Education Conference in Beijing
I. State Administration of Cultural Heritage Regulations
J. Central Committee for Comprehensive Deepening Reform
Answer: C
In 1702, ______was established in London by Mailrite, becoming the UK's first daily newspaper.

Options:
A. City Gazette
B. Evening Chronicle
C. Westminster Post
D. Morning Courier
E. Village Herald
F. Globe Times
G. Daily News
H. London Standard
I. Britannia Journal
J. Royal Tribune
Answer: G
Adults' body water accounts for approximately ____% of their body weight.

Options:
A. 60-70
B. 55-65
C. 25-35
D. 65-75
E. 40-50
F. 70-80
G. 30-40
H. 35-45
I. 45-55
J. 50-60
Answer: J
Commonly used methods for measuring nutritional indices include calculation methods and ________.

Options:
A. monitoring techniques
B. observation methods
C. inspection methods
D. evaluation methods
E. measurement methods
F. estimation methods
G. comparative methods
H. data collection techniques
I. calculation techniques
J. assessment methods
Answer: E
Among the options below, which description of "health capital stock" is correct?

Options:
A. It refers to the total number of labor force within a certain scope who are physically healthy, meet the physical fitness standards, and are capable of completing work tasks normally.
B. It refers to the general status of health, physical condition, and work efficiency at the community level.
C. The scope covers both psychological and physiological health, including nutritional intake, exercise frequency, sleep quality, etc.
D. Refers to the coverage of individual psychological well-being and emotional stability, including mood, stress levels, and degree of happiness.
E. It refers to an individual's physical and mental health, including emotional control, sleep patterns, dietary habits, etc.
F. It refers to a person's physical health condition and physical fitness, including height, weight, healthy lifespan, etc.
G. It refers to the average level of mental health, physical fitness, and work capability within a specific area.
H. Concerning human mental and physical health, including mood adjustment, exercise habits, and sleep quality.
I. This refers to a person's mental health and psychological state, including emotions, stress, and psychological adaptability.
J. This refers to the average state of health levels, physical fitness, and productivity within a regional scope.
Answer: F
Among the following options, which description of the "sports competition market" is correct?

Options:
A. This refers to the market where consumers primarily consume sports competition performances through reading reports.
B. This refers to the market where consumers primarily engage in the consumption of sports competition performance activities in the form of experiences.
C. Refers to the market where consumers primarily consume sports competition performances in the form of listening.
D. It refers to a concentrated area where sellers provide services related to sports goods and facilities.
E. This refers to the market where consumers primarily consume sports competition performances by purchasing them.
F. Refers to the market where athletes engage in the trade of goods through competitive sports activities.
G. Refers to the market where consumers primarily participate in and consume products related to sports competitions and performances.
H. Refers to the market where consumers mainly watch sports competitions and performances through the internet.
I. This refers to the market where consumers primarily watch sports competitions and performances through outdoor activities.
J. Refers to the market where consumers primarily engage in the consumption of sports competitions and performances in the form of spectating.
Answer: J
Among the following options, which description about "market development" is accurate?

Options:
A. Market development refers to the introduction of new products or services in the existing regional markets.
B. Market development refers to the enhancement of the current regional market with existing products or services.
C. Market development refers to launching existing products or services in new regional markets.
D. Market development refers to enhancing existing regional markets with new products or services.
E. Market development refers to entering existing regional markets with new products or services.
F. Market development refers to entering new regional markets with existing products or services.
G. Market development refers to the introduction of new products or services to new regional markets.
H. Market development refers to the launch of new products or services in existing regional markets.
I. Market development refers to the introduction of existing products or services into new regional markets.
Answer: F
What is the main viewpoint of Jia's "Comparative Literature"?

Options:
A. Comparative literature directs the emergence of international
B. Comparative literature teaches the landscape of international literary distinctions. Comparative literature intellectuals navigate the edges of narration across multiple dialects or countries, scrutinizing the assortment of themes, concepts, narratives, or sentiments.
C. Comparative literature is the history of international literary relations. Comparative literature scholars stand at the boundaries of literature between two or more languages or nations, examining the various exchanges of themes, ideas, works, or emotions.
D. Comparative literature guides the formation of trans
E. Comparative literature shapes the evolution of worldwide literary trends
F. Comparative literature drives the progress of global literary connections. Comparative literature experts dwell at the junctions of literature spanning distinct languages or countries, tracking numerous shifts of themes, notions, texts, or emotions.
G. Comparative literature monitors the dynamics of global literary interplays. Comparative literature specialists position themselves at the crossroads of literature among diverse languages or territories, probing the various distributions of themes, ideas, manuscripts, or moods.
H. Comparative literature influences the growth of international literacy movements. Comparative literature analysts align at the barriers of literature across several languages or nations, overseeing the diverse transitions of themes, concepts, volumes, or feelings.
I. Comparative literature cultivates a sense of
J. Comparative literature funds the development of global literary influences. Comparative literature experts reside at the intersections of narrative across diverse languages or states, observing different kinds of thematic, conceptual, and emotional transfers.
Answer: C
What is "Anticipated Horizon"?

Options:
A. This implies a type of "expectation" that forms in an author before they start creating a story. This initial expectation guides the narratives and directions of the story as it is written.
B. This denotes a form of "understanding"
C. This outlines a form of "projection" that occurs in
D. This means a sort of "proposal" held by a
E. This conveys a manner of "projection" inherent in a writer before they initiate writing a book. This foundational projection molds the themes and ideas of the book as it is created.
F. This expresses a sort of "hypo
G. This highlights a type of "anticipation" present in a viewer before they watch a play. This early anticipation sways the emotions and reactions of the viewer during the performance.
H. This refers to a kind of "intention" that exists in the reader before they even begin reading a work. This pre-existing intention determines the judgments and choices of the reader while they read the work.
I. This indicates a type of "expectation" existing in the viewer before they start viewing a film. This pre-set expectation shapes the perceptions and conclusions of the viewer as they watch the film.
J. This suggests a variety of "belief" present in a critic before they review a piece. This prior belief influences the evaluations and opinions of the critic as they assess the piece.
Answer: H
What is "The Legend of the Phoenix"?

Options:
A. Drafted by the disciples of Du Fu, within which the piece "Valor of the Lonely Hearts" was composed by Fu himself. The text highlights the endeavor among six faithful and virtuous characters, including Li Qingzhao, Bei
J
B. Constructed by followers of Li Bai, within which, the part "Courage of Solitary Warriors" was created by Bai himself. The narrative demonstrates the conflict among seven brave individuals, featuring Wen Zhengming, Su
C. Drafted by the disciples of Wang Yucheng, within which the chapter "Loyalty of the Committed Pair" was crafted by Yucheng himself. The narrative describes the conflicts among twelve dedicated and righteous individuals, including Xu Wei
D. Drafted by the adherents of Wang Anshi, wherein, the act "Endurance of the Faithful Duo" was penned by Anshi himself. The manuscript outlines the resistance between nine dutiful and honorable persons, including Fang Xiaoru
E. Written by the disciples of Wang Shizhen, among them, the act "Martyrdom of a Married Couple" was penned by Shizhen himself. The script portrays the struggle between ten loyal and righteous men, including Xia Yan, Yang
F. Developed by
G. Inscribed by the disciples of Wang Gen, among them, the scene "Bravery of a Loyal Pair" was written by Gen himself. The piece exhibits the conflict among eleven steadfast and brave figures, including Zhao Mengfu, Shen
H. Authored
I. Produced by the acolytes of Wang Yangming, among them, the section "Trials of the Virtuous" was scribed by Yangming himself. The play illustrates the ordeal among eight noble souls, including Lu Xun, Zhou
J. Composed by the followers of Zhu Xi, including the section "Sacrifice of the Faithful" assigned to Xi himself. The text depicts the valor of five steadfast heroes, featuring Lin Zexu, Wu
Answer: E
What is Sartre's representative work?

Options:
A. What is Civilization?
B. What is Sociology?
C. What is Existentialism?
D. What is Poetry?
E. Who is Literature?
F. What is Literature?
G. What is Philosophy?
H. What is History?
I. What is Art?
J. What is Psychology?
Answer: F
What is Gadamer's representative work?

Options:
A. The Perception of Art
B. The Structure of Knowledge
C. The Vision of Truth
D. The Principles of Logic
E. The Truth of Method
F. The Interpretation of Laws
G. The Essence of Poetry
H. The Understanding of Art
I. The Reality of Beauty
J. The Purpose of History
Answer: I
The notable sanqu composers from the later Yuan dynasty also include Guan Yunshi and Xu Zaisi. What did later generations call the collection of their works?

Options:
A. The Treasury of Poetic Songs
B. The Repository of Musical Narratives
C. The Compilation of Rhythmic Ballads
D. The Anthology of Harmonious Tunes
E. The Assemblage of Eloquent Lyrics
F. The Collection of Sweet and Sour Ballads
G. The Gatherings of Poetic Harmonies
H. The Compendium of Melodic Verses
I. The Collection of Serene Melodies
J. The Archive of Lyrical Compositions.
Answer: F
Yuán Zhěn, also known by his courtesy name Weizhi and his lineage name Xingjiu, was commonly referred to as Yuán Jiǔ. He was an unswerving lifelong friend of Bái Jùyì. The name of his collected works is?

Options:
A. The Unpublished Manuscripts of Yuan Zhen
B. The Collected Writings of the Changqing School
C. The Comprehensive Poems of Yuan Zhen
D. The Complete Poetry of the Tang Dynasty
E. The Collected Works of Yuan During the Changqing Reign
F. The Literary Works of Bai Juyi
G. The Anthology of Classical Chinese Poetry
H. The Legacy of Weizhi in Literature
I. The Collected Poems of Prose and Verse
J. The Selected Works of the Tang Poets
Answer: E
In response to the creative tendencies of whitewashing reality, avoiding contradictions, and exaggerating artificiality, Shao Quanlin proposed the ideas of "deepening realism" and what at the symposium on the creation of short stories with rural themes held in Dalian in August 1962?

Options:
A. Incorporating magical realism.
B. Celebrating modern technology.
C. Adopting a minimalist style.
D. Emphasizing urban narratives.
E. Focusing on historical accuracy.
F. Exploring existential themes.
G. Promoting cultural fusion.
H. Writing about intermediate characters.
I. Utilizing stream of consciousness.
J. Highlighting social injustices.
Answer: H
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Shanghai's () was an outstanding representative of boudoir embroidery.

Options:
A. Li Shu
B. Dai Yu
C. Qin Lin
D. Si Ying
E. Zhen Wei
F. Zhang Bi
G. Gu Xiu
H. Tao Hua
I. Mo Ke
J. Hu Wen
Answer: G
Bronze drums first appeared during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, and ()'s works are the most exquisite.

Options:
A. Ming Dynasty
B. Yuan Dynasty
C. Song Dynasty
D. Qing Dynasty
E. Tang Dynasty
F. Shang Dynasty
G. Zhou Dynasty
H. Han Dynasty
I. Xia Dynasty
J. Sui Dynasty
Answer: H
Racine is a French tragic poet. His representative works are ____.

Options:
A. "The Stranger" and "The Plague"
B. "Le Cid" and "Garcin"
C. "Tartuffe" and "The Misanthrope"
D. "Cyrano de Bergerac" and "Roxane"
E. "Phèdre" and "Hippolyte"
F. "Andromache" and "Phaedra"
G. "The Cure" and "Racine"
H. "The Misanthrope" and "The Invisible Man"
I. "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone"
J. "Les Misérables" and "Notre-Dame de Paris"
Answer: F
Aeschylus' representative works include ______, ______, ______, ______, etc.

Options:
A. "The Clouds", "The Persians", "The Agamemnon", "The Libation Bearers"
B. "The Trojan Women", "Electra", "The Birds", "The Agamemnon"
C. "Medea", "The Libation Bearers", "The Women of Trachis", "The Acharnians"
D. "The Seven Against Thebes", "The Bacchae", "The Orestia", "The Eumenides"
E. "The Persians", "Seven Against Thebes", "The Suppliants", "The Eumenides"
F. "The Suppliants", "The Women of Trachis", "The Birds", "The Orestia"
G. "The Seven Against Thebes", "The Oresteia", "The Frogs", "The Persians"
H. "The Eumenides", "The Suppliants", "The Women of Trachis", "The Orestia"
I. "Prometheus Bound", "Agamemnon", "Nemesis", "Prometheus Bound"
J. "Oedipus Rex", "The Bacchae", "The Clouds", "The Frogs"
Answer: I
() is a modern design movement aimed at preserving natural resources and preventing industrial pollution from destroying the ecological balance.

Options:
A. Art Deco Movement
B. Industrial Preservation Technique
C. Eco-Friendly Art Trend
D. Art Nouveau Movement
E. Ecological Protection Initiative
F. Eco Modernism Movement
G. Organic Urbanism Style
H. Nature Conservation Approach
I. Pop Movement
J. Green Design Movement
Answer: J
What is Visual Texture?

Options:
A. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional space reflects realistic surface details, forming a
B. In music and composition, the layering of different tones creates a complex auditory texture that depends
C. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional field replicates tactile surface appearances, creating a visual texture reliant on visual perception.
D. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional plane is an imitation of tactile surface textures, forming a visual texture that depends on tactile experience for perception.
E. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional plane solely alters real surface textures, forming a visual texture dependent on tactile interaction.
F. In art and design, the texture on a three-dimensional object directly reflects and alters real surface textures, making visual texture dependent on real touch.
G. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional surface solely enhances real tactile sensations
H. In art and design, the texture on a single-dimensional line mimics tactile surface appearances, creating a visual texture reliant on direct touch.
I. In art and design, the texture on a two-dimensional plane depicts tactile surface details, creating a
J. In art and design, the texture on a multi-dimensional area is a reflection of tactile surface textures, forming a visual texture based on visual cues.
Answer: D
The Japanese began to make their own films in _______.

Options:
A. 1899
B. 1912
C. 1905
D. 1910
E. 1920
F. 1901
G. 1918
H. 1915
I. 1903
J. 1907
Answer: A
The film movement with the largest scale, the deepest influence and the greatest impact in the history of world cinema in the 20th century is _______.

Options:
A. Modern Independent Film
B. Italian Neorealism
C. Hollywood Golden Age
D. Japanese Cinema
E. German Expressionism
F. Dogme 95
G. British New Wave
H. French New Wave Film Movement
I. Nouvelle Vague
J. Soviet Montage
Answer: H
The "Movie Spectacle School" was founded by ________ after the October Revolution in the Soviet Union.

Options:
A. Boris Shumyatsky
B. Mikhail Kalatozov
C. Andrei Tarkovsky
D. Grigori Aleksandrov
E. Sergei Eisenstein
F. Yuri Norstein
G. Vsevolod Pudovkin
H. Dziga Vertov
I. Lev Kuleshov
J. Alexander Dovzhenko
Answer: H