MikaStars39/nano-eval huggingface dataset:
Convert 10.351 Kilowatt-Hours to Calories.

Options:
A. 8906.05
B. 8906.10
C. 8821.41
D. 8906.20
E. 37370.0
F. 8906.15
G. 39750.0
H. 8906.25
I. 8906.30
J. 8906.00
Answer: F
A stunt cyclist rides on the interior of a cylinder \(12 \mathrm{m}\) in radius.
The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the wall is \(0.68 .\)
Find the value of the minimum speed for the cyclist to perform the stunt.

Options:
A. 13.8
B. 14.2
C. 14.9
D. 13.2
E. 12.8
F. 15.4
G. 14.0
H. 14.4
I. 14.6
J. 14.8
Answer: I
X-rays of wavelength 0.103 nm reflects off a crystal and a second-order
maximum is recorded at a Bragg angle of \(25.5^{\circ}\). What is the spacing
between the scattering planes in this crystal?

Options:
A. 0.186 nm
B. 0.176 nm
C. 0.184 nm
D. 0.183 nm
E. 0.182 nm
F. 0.179 nm
G. 0.180 nm
H. 0.174 nm
I. 0.188 nm
J. 0.178 nm
Answer: E
The atomic mass of the 4He atom is 4.002603 u. Find the binding energy of the 4He nucleus in MeV.

Options:
A. Both 29.8 and 26.1 are correct
B. 32.5
C. 31.2
D. 28.3
E. 30.4
F. 29.8
G. 33.9
H. 26.1
I. 24.3
J. 27.5
Answer: D
Determine the atomic mass of silicon, given the following information about
silicon's stable isotopes.
$$
\begin{array}{lcc}
& \text { Mass } & \text { Percent Abundance } \\
\hline \mathrm{Si}-28 & 27.9769265 \mathrm{amu} & 92.223 \% \\
\mathrm{Si}-29 & 28.9764947 \mathrm{amu} & 4.685 \% \\
\mathrm{Si}-30 & 29.9737702 \mathrm{amu} & 3.092 \% \\
& &
\end{array}
$$

Options:
A. 28.0871 amu
B. 28.0857 amu
C. 28.0895 amu
D. 28.0925 amu
E. 28.0902 amu
F. 28.0930 amu
G. 28.0920 amu
H. 28.0863 amu
I. 28.0909 amu
J. 28.0914 amu
Answer: J
The equivalence point for the titration of a 25.00 -mL sample of CsOH solution
with \(0.1062 M\) HNO \(_{3}\) is at 35.27 mL. What is the concentration of the
CsOH solution?

Options:
A. 0.1487 M
B. 0.1462 M
C. 0.1502 M
D. 0.1485 M
E. 0.1495 M
F. 0.1482 M
G. 0.1492 M
H. 0.1472 M
I. 0.1490 M
J. 0.1497 M
Answer: G
What is the maximum range angle attained by the missile for the non-dimensional parameter at burn out of 0.79?

Options:
A. 74.91 degrees
B. 79.24 degrees
C. 45.14 degrees
D. 90.52 degrees
E. 60.87 degrees
F. 40.76 degrees
G. 88.15 degrees
H. 67.38 degrees
I. 81.52 degrees
J. 85.67 degrees
Answer: I
The angle of internal friction for fines greater than 5% is __ .

Options:
A. ${{{\varphi=25+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
B. ${{{\varphi=14+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
C. ${{{\varphi=18+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
D. ${{{\varphi=20+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
E. ${{{\varphi=10+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
F. ${{{\varphi=22+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
G. ${{{\varphi=12+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
H. ${{{\varphi=30+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
I. ${{{\varphi=28+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
J. ${{{\varphi=15+0. 1 5}I_{D}}}$
Answer: A
Auger boring is most suitable for __ type of work.

Options:
A. Pipe installations
B. Highway exploration
C. Dam construction
D. Coastal piers
E. Buildings
F. Agricultural irrigation
G. Skyscraper foundations
H. Urban tunnels
I. Air field pavement
J. Mountain railways
Answer: B
Find the natural frequency of oscillator, if the tuning ratio (η) is 1.5 and frequency of base motion (ω) is 20 rad/sec? ( If the answer is not an integer, it should be accurate to two decimal places. )

Options:
A. 10.67 rad/sec
B. 8.89 rad/sec
C. 30 rad/sec
D. 33.33 rad/sec
E. 25 rad/sec
F. 40 rad/sec
G. 45 rad/sec
H. 17 rad/sec
I. 13.33 rad/sec
J. 22 rad/sec
Answer: I
Which of the following mentioned parameters does not affect the Vertical lift performance or tubing performance?

Options:
A. Casing drift diameter
B. Tubing size
C. Cement bond quality
D. Tubing wellhead flowing pressure
E. Reservoir temperature
F. O-ring material
G. Perforations
H. Reservoir fluid properties
I. Tubing surface roughness
J. Gas separator type
Answer: G
Which of the following statements most accurately
summarizes the impact of Brown $v$ . Board of Education (1954)?

Options:
A. The decision had an immediate and profound impact, eliminating segregation overnight.
B. Integration efforts were completed in the southern states by the end of the 1950s.
C. Almost no progress was made toward the integration of southern schools until passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964...
D. The court's decision resulted in immediate equal educational opportunities nationwide.
E. Federal intervention was unnecessary as local governments rapidly integrated schools.
F. The ruling led to widespread voluntary school integration across the South by 1955.
G. Southern schools embraced integration immediately following the ruling in 1954.
H. The verdict was met with unanimous support, leading to quick compliance nationwide.
I. Compliance to the Court's order was secured without the need for federal forces.
J. School districts faced no resistance, allowing smooth implementation of the decision.
Answer: C
Which of the following conduit is installed in shallow bedding?

Options:
A. Insulated conduits for noise control
B. Buried conduits for hot fluids
C. Vertical conduits in basements
D. Surface-mounted conduits indoors
E. Gravity flow conduits in reserves
F. Suspended air gap conduits
G. Deep trench conduits underfoot
H. High-pressure conduits offshore
I. Elevated conduits for rainfall
J. Positive projecting conduits
Answer: J
Given that $\alpha_{AB}=89^{\circ}$ 12'01", $x_{B}= 3065.347\mathfrak{m}$, $y_{B}= 2135.265\mathfrak{m}$, the coordinate calculation route is $B\to1\to2$. The measured right angles of the coordinate calculation route are $\beta_B=32^{\circ}30'12''$, $\beta_1=261^{\circ}06'16''$, with horizontal distances of $D_{B1}=123.704$m and $D_{12}=98.506$m, respectively. What are the plane coordinates of points 1 and 2?

Options:
A. $x_1=3065.347-67.922=2997.425m$ $y_1=2135.265-103.389=2031.876m$ $x_2=2997.425-89.702=2907.723m$
$y_2=2031.876+40.705=2072.581m$
B. $x_1=3065.347-67.922=2997.425m$ $y_1=2135.265-103.389=2031.876m$ $x_2=2997.425-95.303=2902.122m$
$y_2=2031.876+40.705=2072.581m$
C. $x_1=3065.347-72.431=2992.916m$ $y_1=2135.265-97.488=2037.777m$ $x_2=2992.916-89.702=2903.214m$
$y_2=2037.777+42.806=2080.583m$
D. $x_1=3065.347-69.922=2995.425m$ $y_1=2135.265-110.289=2024.976m$ $x_2=2995.425-89.502=2905.923m$
$y_2=2024.976+42.705=2067.681m$
E. $x_1=3065.347-66.512=2998.835m$ $y_1=2135.265-108.379=2026.886m$ $x_2=2998.835-90.702=2908.133m$
$y_2=2026.886+43.705=2070.591m$
F. $x_1=3065.347-75.731=2989.616m$ $y_1=2135.265-100.741=2034.524m$ $x_2=2989.616-87.602=2902.014m$
$y_2=2034.524+39.205=2073.729m$
G. $x_1=3065.347-65.922=2999.425m$ $y_1=2135.265-107.982=2027.283m$ $x_2=2999.425-89.702=2909.723m$
$y_2=2027.283+41.705=2068.988m$
H. $x_1=3065.347-68.932=2996.415m$ $y_1=2135.265-102.329=2032.936m$ $x_2=2996.415-89.702=2906.713m$
$y_2=2032.936+44.785=2077.721m$
I. $x_1=3065.347-73.521=2991.826m$ $y_1=2135.265-104.589=2030.676m$ $x_2=2991.826-88.705=2903.121m$
$y_2=2030.676+40.395=2071.071m$
J. $x_1=3065.347-70.122=2995.225m$ $y_1=2135.265-105.299=2029.966m$ $x_2=2995.225-89.804=2905.421m$
$y_2=2029.966+41.732=2071.698m$
Answer: A
The $\mathrm{Fe-Al}$ system regular solution at $1600°C$ has $G_{\mathrm{Al}}^{\mathrm{ex}} = - \, 53974 + 93.09 x \, [ \mathrm{~Al~} ] \ \ \mathrm{( ~J/mol~ )}$, and the vapor pressure of pure iron is given by $\mathrm{lg} p_{\mathrm{Fe}}^{*} = -\frac{21080}{T} - 2.14 \mathrm{lg} T + 16.02 \, ( \mathrm{kPa} )$. Find the vapor pressure of iron when $x {\big[} {\mathrm{~Fe~}} {\big]} = 0.6$.

Options:
A. $$
0. 6 9 1 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
B. $$
0. 9 1 7 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
C. $$
0. 7 3 5 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
D. $$
0. 6 7 4 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
E. $$
0. 7 4 6 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
F. $$
0. 5 9 4 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
G. $$
0. 6 8 2 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
H. $$
0. 7 9 2 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
I. $$
0. 8 1 4 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
J. $$
0. 8 2 3 \times1 0^{5} \mathrm{~ P a}
$$
Answer: E
In the Fe-Si system, the activity coefficient of silicon is given by $\mathrm{lg} \gamma_{\mathrm{Si}} = -2.96 + 5.25x (\mathrm{Si})$. Calculate the partial molar Gibbs free energy $\Delta G (\mathrm{Si})$ and the standard Gibbs free energy of dissolution $\Delta G^{\ominus} (\mathrm{Si})$ for a 1% mass solution in which silicon was dissolved in liquid iron at 1600°C.

Options:
A. $$
- 1 6 2 8 4 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 5 8 4 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
B. $$
- 1 6 5 9 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 7 9 5 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
C. $$
- 1 6 3 5 1 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 4958 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
D. $$
- 1 5 9 4 3 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 0 3 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
E. $$
- 1 5 8 5 2 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 1 4 4 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
F. $$
- 1 5 9 2 1 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 5 9 2 8 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
G. $$
- 1 5 7 7 9 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 5 9 9 0 5 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
H. $$
- 1 6 9 1 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 7 0 9 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
I. $$
- 1 6 7 3 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 9 4 2 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
J. $$
- 1 6 4 8 0 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~},- 1 6 6 5 8 0 \mathrm{~ J / m o l ~}
$$
Answer: C
At 1300°C, solid iron coexists with the $\mathrm{FeO-CaO-SiO_{2}}$ slag system and a mixed gas of $\mathrm{CO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, with a slag $a_{\mathrm{FeO}}=0.45$ and $p_{\mathrm{CO}} / p_{\mathrm{CO}_{2}}=2.0$ in the gas phase. Calculate the $p_{\mathrm{CO}} / p_{\mathrm{CO}_{2}}$ in the equilibrium gas phase.

Options:
A. $0.918$
B. $1.575$
C. $0.680$
D. $3.000$
E. $2.875$
F. $0.850$
G. $2.500$
H. $1.050$
I. $1.250$
J. $1.175$
Answer: A
Insert the graphite rod into the molten steel with a carbon concentration of $w \left[ \textrm{C} \right]=0.4\%$ and measure the linear dissolution rate of the graphite rod as ${\frac{\mathrm{d} x} {\mathrm{d} t}}=3.5 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{m/s}$. Try to calculate the mass transfer coefficient of carbon in the molten steel. It is known that $\rho_{\mathrm{m}}=7.0 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{kg/m^{3}}\, , \, \, \, \rho_{\mathrm{G}}=2.25 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{kg/m^{3}}$, and the saturation concentration of carbon on the surface of the graphite rod is $w [ \mathrm{C} ]=5.277\%$.=

Options:
A. $$
1. 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
B. $$
2. 8 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
C. $$
2. 3 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
D. $$
2. 0 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
E. $$
1. 8 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
F. $$
1. 2 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
G. $$
3. 7 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
H. $$
4. 1 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
I. $$
2. 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
J. $$
3. 0 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ m / s}
$$
Answer: C
Place a spherical graphite particle with a diameter of $2 \times 10^{-2} \, \mathrm{m}$ and a density of $2.26 \times 10^{3} \, \mathrm{kg/m}^{3}$ into a stationary airflow at 0.1 kPa and 1145 K with $\varphi(\mathrm{O}_{2}) = 10\%$ for combustion. The combustion reaction is a first-order irreversible reaction: $\mathrm{C (s) + O_{2} = CO_{2}}$, with a rate constant of 0.20 m/s. The oxygen diffusion coefficient is $D_{\mathrm{O}_{2}} = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \, \mathrm{m^{2}/s}$, and the Sherwood number is given by $Sh = 2.0 + 0.6 Re^{1/2} Sc^{1/3}$. Calculate the time required for the reaction to complete, ignoring the effects of other gas components.

Options:
A. $0.95min$
B. $0.73min$
C. $1.15min$
D. $0.89min$
E. $0.67min$
F. $1.23min$
G. $1.04min$
H. $0.77min$
I. $0.54min$
J. $1.08min$
Answer: E
At 1873K, within the Fe-S system, a sulfur content of $w [ \mathrm{S} ] = 2.11\%$ is in equilibrium with $( p_{\mathrm{H_{2} S}} / p_{\mathrm{H_{2}}} )_{\mathrm{equ}}=4.80 \times 10^{-3}$. When Mn with $w [ \mathrm{Mn} ] = 0.9\%$ is added, the sulfur content becomes $w [ \mathrm{S} ] = 2.09\%$, and $( p_{\mathrm{H_{2} S}} / p_{\mathrm{H_{2}}} )_{equ}=4.60 \times 10^{-3}$. Calculate $f_{\mathrm{S}}^{\mathrm{Mn}}$

Options:
A. $0.020$
B. $0.026$
C. $0.028$
D. $0.033$
E. $0.022$
F. $0.035$
G. $0.025$
H. $0.029$
I. $0.030$
J. $0.024$
Answer: B
Using argon for the ladle refining of molten steel. The composition of the molten steel is $w \left[ \begin{array} {c} {C} \\ \end{array} \right]=0.10\%$, $w \left[ \mathrm{Cr} \right]=1.50\%$, $w \left[ \mathrm{Mn} \right]=1.0\%$; temperature 1900K. To ensure that the nitrogen mass fraction in the finished steel does not exceed 0.005%, determine the maximum allowable partial pressure of nitrogen in the argon gas.

Options:
A. $$
9. 7 \times1 0^{1} \mathrm{P a}
$$
B. $$
1. 5 \times1 0^{3} \mathrm{P a}
$$
C. $$
2. 8 \times1 0^{3} \mathrm{P a}
$$
D. $$
6. 4 \times1 0^{3} \mathrm{P a}
$$
E. $$
3. 1 \times1 0^{4} \mathrm{P a}
$$
F. $$
5. 9 \times1 0^{1} \mathrm{P a}
$$
G. $$
4. 0 \times1 0^{2} \mathrm{P a}
$$
H. $$
2. 5 \times1 0^{2} \mathrm{P a}
$$
I. $$
7. 2 \times1 0^{2} \mathrm{P a}
$$
J. $$
8. 3 \times1 0^{2} \mathrm{P a}
$$
Answer: J
Using the regular ionic solution model, calculate the activities of FeO, MnO, and P₂O₅ in slag with the composition of $w (\mathrm{FeO}) = 13.3\%$, $w(\mathrm{MnO}) = 5.1\%$, $w(\mathrm{CaO}) = 38.2\%$, $w(\mathrm{MnO}) = 14.7\%$, $w(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}) = 28.1\%$, and $w(\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}) = 0.6\%$ at 1873K.

Options:
A. $0.256,0.0742,4. 4 \times1 0^{-6}$
B. $0.335,0.0274,8. 8 \times1 0^{-2}$
C. $0.411,0.0434,6. 6 \times1 0^{-4}$
D. $0.338,0.0644,1. 1 \times1 0^{-8}$
E. $0.219,0.0512,1. 0 \times1 1^{-8}$
F. $0.124,0.0544,2. 2 \times1 0^{-9}$
G. $0.192,0.0734,5. 5 \times1 0^{-5}$
H. $0.523,0.0623,7. 7 \times1 0^{-3}$
I. $0.482,0.0844,3. 3 \times1 0^{-7}$
J. $0.267,0.0841,9. 9 \times1 0^{-1}$
Answer: D
Place $5 \times 10^{-4} \, \mathrm{kg}$ of $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \left( \mathrm{s} \right)$ in a vacuum container with a volume of $1.5 \times 10^{-3} \, \mathrm{m}^{3}$ and heat it to $800^\circ \mathrm{C}$. How many $\mathrm{kg}$ of $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \left( \mathrm{s} \right)$ remain unreacted and undecomposed?

Options:
A. $$
2. 8 7 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
B. $$
3. 2 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
C. $$
5. 2 0 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
D. $$
1. 7 4 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
E. $$
4. 3 0 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
F. $$
2. 1 6 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
G. $$
3. 0 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
H. $$
1. 2 9 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
I. $$
1. 1 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
J. $$
0. 9 8 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ k g}
$$
Answer: F
Try to find the initial reduction temperature at which manganese silicate ( $2 \mathrm{MnO} \cdot \mathrm{SiO}_{2}$ ) is reduced to metallic Mn by carbon. How many degrees higher is this compared to the initial reduction temperature of $\mathrm{MnO} (\mathrm{s})$?

Options:
A. $326^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
B. $300^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
C. $310^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
D. $295^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
E. $350^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
F. $360^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
G. $340^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
H. $290^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
I. $308^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
J. $315^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$
Answer: A
Try calculating the sulfur distribution coefficient between the blast furnace slag with a composition of $w (\mathrm{SiO}_{2}) = 37.5\%$, $w (\mathrm{CaO}) = 42.5\%$, $w (\mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}) = 10.0\%$, and $w (\mathrm{MgO}) = 10\%$ at 1500°C and $p_{\mathrm{CO}}^{\prime} = 1.3 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{Pa}$, and the molten iron (with $w [\mathrm{C}] = 4.5\%$, $w [\mathrm{Si}] = 0.6\%$, $w [\mathrm{Mn}] = 0.8\%$).

Options:
A. $68.27$
B. $52.47$
C. $47.85$
D. $62.94$
E. $54.68$
F. $89.12$
G. $73.59$
H. $75.33$
I. $79.01$
J. $81.72$
Answer: J
Calculate the residual concentration of silicon oxidation in the molten steel under slag with the following composition: $x ( \, \mathrm{CaO} + \mathrm{MgO} + \mathrm{MnO} \, ) = 50\%$, $x (\mathrm{SiO}_{2}) = 21\%$, $x (\mathrm{P}_{2}O_{5}) = 4\%$, $x (\mathrm{FeO}) = 25\% (\text{mol})$ at a temperature of $1600^\circ \mathrm{C}$.

Options:
A. $$
0. 5 \times1 0^{-7} \%
$$
B. $$
2. 5 \times1 0^{-2} \%
$$
C. $$
5. 9 \times1 0^{-5} \%
$$
D. $$
9. 2 \times1 0^{-3} \%
$$
E. $$
1. 7 \times1 0^{-4} \%
$$
F. $$
4. 6 \times1 0^{-3} \%
$$
G. $$
7. 8 \times1 0^{-2} \%
$$
H. $$
3. 3 \times1 0^{-3} \%
$$
I. $$
6. 1 \times1 0^{-1} \%
$$
J. $$
8. 4 \times1 0^{-6} \%
$$
Answer: H
In a 100-ton electric arc furnace, the decarburization rate is $\mathrm{d}w\left[\mathrm{C}\right]_{\%}/\mathrm{d}t = 0.017\%/\mathrm{min}$. The mass fraction of hydrogen in the molten steel is $w[\mathrm{H}]^{0} = 1.0 \times 10^{-3}\%$. Calculate the mass fraction of hydrogen in the molten steel, the rate at which hydrogen is expelled, and the time required when carbon is oxidized at $\Delta w[\mathrm{C}] = 0.5\%$.

Options:
A. $$
4. 5 3 \times1 0^{-5} \%,4. 0 9 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},2.01min
$$
B. $$
6. 5 9 \times1 0^{-5} \%,5. 0 8 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},1.22min
$$
C. $$
5. 7 1 \times1 0^{-5} \%,6. 7 9 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},1.82min
$$
D. $$
9. 0 2 \times1 0^{-5} \%,5. 2 5 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},1.68min
$$
E. $$
5. 9 4 \times1 0^{-5} \%,6. 1 0 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},2.15min
$$
F. $$
8. 2 1 \times1 0^{-5} \%,3. 5 8 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},2.43min
$$
G. $$
7. 0 8 \times1 0^{-5} \%,3. 4 4 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},2.59min
$$
H. $$
7. 3 8 \times1 0^{-5} \%,2. 9 7 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},3.30min
$$
I. $$
6. 7 6 \times1 0^{-5} \%,4. 7 2 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},1.97min
$$
J. $$
6. 4 2 \times1 0^{-5} \%,7. 3 6 \times1 0^{-4} \% / \operatorname* {m i n},1.50min
$$
Answer: I
Vacuum lifting method is used for vacuum deoxidation treatment of molten steel, with the vacuum level of the vacuum chamber being 0.1 kPa. The molten steel rises into the vacuum chamber and bursts into droplets with a diameter of $5 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{m}$. The falling time of the droplets in the vacuum chamber is 1 second, and the parameter $\beta_{0}$ for the molten steel is $5 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{m/s}$. Calculate the deoxidation rate.

Options:
A. $60\%$
B. $59\%$
C. $57\%$
D. $67\%$
E. $62\%$
F. $65\%$
G. $54\%$
H. $75\%$
I. $48\%$
J. $70\%$
Answer: E
The permissible deviation of raw materials by weight is specified in the concrete mixing operation, including cement and admixture
What is the allowable deviation of?

Options:
A. ±1.5%
B. ±1%
C. ±3.5%
D. ±0.5%
E. ±2%
F. ±6%
G. ±4%
H. ±2.5%
I. ±3%
J. ±5%
Answer: E
Which of the following practices is likely to be most effective in facilitating a teachers ability to provide effective instruction?

Options:
A. integrating flexible pacing and spacing strategies into lesson plans
B. implementing systematic and comprehensive assessment of student learning
C. adopting sporadic reflective journaling on teaching experiences
D. focusing predominantly on teacher-centered discussion techniques
E. emphasizing teacher-driven instructional conversations exclusively
F. rotating instructional models without evaluating their outcomes
G. incorporating random seating arrangements to improve engagement
H. prioritizing subjective feedback from infrequent parent surveys
I. employing exclusive reliance on intuitive lesson delivery methods
J. utilizing informal peer observation feedback consistently in class
Answer: B
Given the stream slope $S_{0} \,=\, 1 0^{-3}$ , at what flow depth would coarse gravel enter motion?

Options:
A. 1.45 m
B. 1.85 m
C. 0.95 m
D. 1.39 m
E. 1.12 m
F. 1.24 m
G. 2.03 m
H. 1.67 m
I. 0.78 m
J. 1.31 m
Answer: F
A 34-year-old male presents to the Emergency Department with altered mental status. The patient's wife states that he had a 2-minute episode of full-body convulsive movements at home while lying on a sofa. The patient has no history of epilepsy or syncopal episodes. The wife denies the patient sustaining any recent trauma, history of fevers, headaches, or chest pain. The patient has been confused since the convulsive episode ended 30 minutes ago. The patient has no known medical history. On examination, his temperature is 37ᵒC, blood pressure 130/80 mmHg, pulse 95 beats/min, respiratory rate 18 breaths/min, oxygen saturation is 98% on room air, and glucose level is 100mg/dL (5.5mmol/L). The patient is slightly somnolent but is able to follow basic commands. He answers questions appropriately but has a delayed response time. His pants are saturated in urine, and you notice a lateral tongue laceration. While you are examining the patient, his body becomes rigid and begins to have convulsive movements in all extremities.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management for this patient's condition?

Options:
A. 12-lead EKG
B. Administer IV fluids and reassess quickly
C. Lateral decubitus position and airway suction
D. IM haloperidol
E. Perform CT scan of the head urgently
F. Monitor vitals and ensure oxygen delivery
G. Oral glucose administration and observation
H. Endotracheal intubation
I. Urgent referral to a neurology specialist
Answer: C
A 38-year-old woman presents to the Emergency Department with shortness of breath and right-sided chest pain after an assault. The patient states she was punched and kicked multiple times in the chest and back about 40 minutes prior to arrival. The shortness of breath has become more severe over the last 10 minutes before arriving to the hospital. On examination, her temperature is 37ᵒC, blood pres- sure 80/50 mmHg, pulse 125 beats/min, respiratory rate 26 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. The patient's airway is patent, lung sounds are absent on auscultation of the right chest, and distended neck veins are noted.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?

Options:
A. Pulmonary contusion injury
B. Obstructive shock
C. Hemothorax development
D. Hypovolemic shock
E. Cardiogenic shock
F. Pneumothorax presence
G. Distributive shock
H. Pulmonary embolism risk
I. Cardiac tamponade incident
J. Ruptured spleen condition
Answer: B
What is the simplest equipment used for air saturation?

Options:
A. Mixing Tank
B. Cooling Tube
C. Heating Rod
D. Chamber
E. Insulated Chamber
F. Pipe
G. Passive Filter
H. Condenser Unit
I. Vessel
J. Pressure Valve
Answer: E
The standard limit for 99Mo breakthrough (uCi 99Mo per mCi 99mTc) is most likely ().

Options:
A. 0.05
B. 0.15
C. 0.3
D. 0.10
E. 0.25
F. 0.5
G. 0.35
H. 0.20
I. 1.0
J. 0.45
Answer: B
Which one of the following methods of soil conservation is most effective in arid areas?

Options:
A. Ice capping
B. Wind farming
C. Gravel mulching
D. Pond digging
E. Sand fencing
F. Water bottling
G. Desert paving
H. Clay coating
I. Shelter belt
J. Solar shielding
Answer: I
Which of the following is high speed steel?

Options:
A. T 70 W 18 Co 4 Cr 4 V 0 Mo 75
B. T 90 W 25 Co 5 Cr 4 V 1 Mo 60
C. T 60 W 15 Co 6 Cr 3 V 1 Mo 85
D. T 78 W 17 Co 7 Cr 5 V 1 Mo 62
E. T 85 W 20 Co 3 Cr 3 V 1 Mo 68
F. T 75 W 18 Co 2 Cr 4 V 2 Mo 80
G. T 65 W 16 Co 5 Cr 4 V 1 Mo 78
H. T 10 W 12 Co 10 Cr 5 V 1 Mo 65
I. T 75 W 18 Co 6 Cr 4 V 1 Mo 75
J. T 80 W 20 Co 6 Cr 6 V 2 Mo 70
Answer: I
Insufficient hardness after tempering may be due to().

Options:
A. quenching time too long
B. cooling rate too rapid
C. material composition incorrect
D. forging process skipped
E. preheat temperature too low
F. quenching temperature too high
G. tempering in air environment
H. tempering temperature too low
I. tempering time too short
J. tempering temperature too high
Answer: J
The radioactive substances involved in the potassium metabolism process are ( ).

Options:
A. Tritium-3
B. Polonium-210
C. Carbon-14
D. Radium-226
E. Uranium-238
F. Cesium-137
G. Cobalt-60
H. Thorium-232
I. Strontium-90
J. Iodine-131
Answer: F
There are two extremely thin concentric metallic spherical shells with radii $a$ and $b$, and the inner shell has a charge of $Q_{1}$. When the electric potential of the shells is zero, what are the potentials at $r \le a$, $a \le r \le b$, and $r \ge b$ respectively?

Options:
A. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}+b \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, a} \left( 1-\frac{b} {r} \right)
$$
B. $$
Q_{1}\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {a}-\frac{1} {r} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, a} \left( 1-\frac{b} {r} \right)
$$
C. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}-\frac{1} {b} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{a} {b} \right)
$$
D. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}-b \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {2 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{b} {a} \right)
$$
E. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {a}-\frac{1} {r} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, b} \left( 1-\frac{r} {b} \right)
$$
F. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( b-\frac{1} {r} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {2 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{b} {r} \right)
$$
G. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {2 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{b} {r}-\frac{1} {a} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{a} {b} \right)
$$
H. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}+a \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {2 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{b} {r} \right)
$$
I. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}-\frac{1} {a} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{b} {a} \right)
$$
J. $$
0\ ,\frac{Q_{1}} {2 \pi\varepsilon_{0}} \left( \frac{1} {r}-\frac{1} {a} \right),\ \frac{Q_{1}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} \, r} \left( 1-\frac{a} {b} \right)
$$
Answer: I
A metal sphere carries a charge of $q_{0}$. Surrounding the sphere is a grounded concentric metallic shell with an inner radius of $b$. The space between the sphere and the shell is filled with a medium whose relative permittivity is related to the distance $r$ from the center of the sphere by $\varepsilon_{\mathrm{r}} = \frac{K+r}{r}$, where $K$ is a constant. What is the value of the electric potential at a distance $r$ from the center of the sphere within the medium?

Options:
A. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} b} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{r \left( \, K+b \, \right)} {K \left( \, K+r \, \right)}
$$
B. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} K} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{K \left( \, b+r \, \right)} {b \left( \, K+r \, \right)}
$$
C. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} K} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{r \left( \, K+r \, \right)} {K \left( \, K+b \, \right)}
$$
D. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} r} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{b \left( \, r+K \, \right)} {K \left( \, K+b \, \right)}
$$
E. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} K} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{b \left( \, K+r \, \right)} {r \left( \, K+b \, \right)}
$$
F. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} r} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{b \left( \, K+b \, \right)} {r \left( \, K+r \, \right)}
$$
G. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} r} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{K \left( \, b+r \, \right)} {b \left( \, K+b \, \right)}
$$
H. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} K} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{b \left( \, b+K \, \right)} {r \left( \, r+K \, \right)}
$$
I. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} K} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{r \left( \, K+b \, \right)} {b \left( \, K+r \, \right)}
$$
J. $$
V=\frac{q_{0}} {4 \pi\varepsilon_{0} b} \mathrm{l n} \; \frac{K \left( \, K+b \, \right)} {r \left( \, K+r \, \right)}
$$
Answer: E
A uniform infinite magnetic medium cylinder with a radius of $R_{1}$ and an absolute permeability of $\mu_{1}$ uniformly conducts a current $I$. Outside it, there is an infinite long coaxial cylindrical surface with a radius of $R$, carrying a surface conduction current in the opposite direction with the same intensity $I$. The space in between is filled with a uniform magnetic medium with an absolute permeability of $\mu$. What are the values of $H$ and $B$ in the region where $r<R_1$?

Options:
A. $$
H=\frac{I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, \mu \,, B=\frac{\mu \, I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r
$$
B. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, I \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, r} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, I
$$
C. $$
H=\frac{I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, I \,, B=\frac{\mu \, r} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r
$$
D. $$
H=\frac{I} {2 \pi R^{2}} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r
$$
E. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r
$$
F. $$
H=\frac{I} {2 \pi R_{1}} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, I} {2 \pi R} \, r
$$
G. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi R^{2}} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, I} {\pi R_{1}} \, r
$$
H. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi \mu_{1} R_{1}^{2}} \, r \,, B=\frac{I \, \mu} {2 \pi R^{2}} \, r
$$
I. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi R_{1}} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu \, I} {2 \pi R_{1}^{2}} \, r
$$
J. $$
H=\frac{1} {2 \pi R} \, r \,, B=\frac{\mu_{1} \, I} {2 \pi R^{2}} \, r
$$
Answer: E
In a reference frame where a charged capacitor is stationary, the surface charge densities on the capacitor plates are observed to be $+ \sigma_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}$ and $- \sigma_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}$. Suppose the capacitor plates are parallel to the $xz$ plane and move uniformly at a speed $v$ along the $x$-axis. What are the values of the electric field and magnetic field outside the two plates?

Options:
A. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=0.5N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=0}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
B. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=0,}}}} \\ {{{{B=3T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
C. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=3N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=5T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
D. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=0,}}}} \\ {{{{B=2T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
E. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=1N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=0}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
F. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=1N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=2T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
G. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=2N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=1T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
H. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=0,}}}} \\ {{{{B=0.5T}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
I. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=0,}}}} \\ {{{{B=0}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
J. $$
\begin{array} {c} {{{{E=2N/C,}}}} \\ {{{{B=0}}}} \\ \end{array}
$$
Answer: I
The day or night end of a MK 124 MOD 1 signal is marked in which of the following ways?

Options:
A. The case is equipped with a digital interface that identifies the smoke (day) and flare (night) end.
B. The case has 3 raised beads arounds its circumference on the flare (night) end, & a label adhered to outer surface of the case identifies TE smoke (day) & flare (night) end
C. The case features embossed symbols for smoke (day) and flare (night) with a sliding cover.
D. The case has a reflective sticker wrapped around the smoke (day) end and a metallic label for night.
E. The case has a detachable rubber band indicating the smoke (day) and flare (night) end placement.
F. The case includes an electronic display showing the smoke (day) and flare (night) functions.
G. The case is two-tone with a rotating cap that distinguishes between the flare (night) and smoke (day).
H. The case has engraved arrows pointing to the smoke (day) and flare (night) ends, with tactile markers.
I. The case is split into two colors, with luminescent stripes for night use and orange for day.
J. The case is painted blue with a sticker indicating the flare (night) end and smoke (day) end.
Answer: B
Compute how much energy is released, in total, from the conversion of 4 hydrogen nuclei into 1 helium nucleus (you may ignore the electrons). Hint: you may bypass intermediate reactions.

Options:
A. $$\epsilon\simeq3 2. 6 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
B. $$\epsilon\simeq3 0. 5 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
C. $$\epsilon\simeq2 6. 7 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
D. $$\epsilon\simeq2 9. 3 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
E. $$\epsilon\simeq2 2. 4 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
F. $$\epsilon\simeq2 1. 2 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
G. $$\epsilon\simeq1 9. 7 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
H. $$\epsilon\simeq1 8. 9 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
I. $$\epsilon\simeq2 5. 1 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
J. $$\epsilon\simeq3 1. 0 ~\mathrm{M e V}$$
Answer: C
The known data transmission rate of a certain quaternary numeral system is $2400 \mathrm{b / s}$, and the receiver end received a total of 216 erroneous symbols within 0.5 hours. Try to calculate the error rate $P_{\epsilon}$ of this system.

Options:
A. $$
P_{e}={\frac{1 0 0} {2 5 \pi^{5} \pi^{5}}}={\frac{5 0} {2 5 \pi^{5} \pi^{5} \pi^{5}}}=1 0^{-6}
$$
B. $$
P_{e}={\frac{1 5 0} {5 0 \pi^{6} \pi^{6}}}={\frac{7 5} {5 0 \pi^{6} \pi^{6} \pi^{6}}}=1 0^{-7}
$$
C. $$
P_{e}={\frac{2 0 0} {4 5 \pi^{3} \pi^{3}}}={\frac{1 0 0} {4 5 \pi^{3} \pi^{3} \pi^{3}}}=1 0^{-5}
$$
D. $$
P_{e}={\frac{2 5 0} {4 0 \pi^{2} \pi^{2}}}={\frac{1 2 5} {4 0 \pi^{2} \pi^{2} \pi^{2}}}=1 0^{-4}
$$
E. $$
P_{e}={\frac{4 1 6} {4 5 \pi^{4} \pi^{4}}}={\frac{2 1 6} {4 5 \pi^{4} \pi^{4} \pi^{4}}}=1 0^{-4}
$$
F. $$
P_{e}={\frac{1 2 0} {3 0 \pi^{4} \pi^{4}}}={\frac{6 0} {3 0 \pi^{4} \pi^{4} \pi^{4}}}=1 0^{-5}
$$
G. $$
P_{e}={\frac{8 0 0} {9 0 \pi^{1} \pi^{1}}}={\frac{4 0 0} {9 0 \pi^{1} \pi^{1} \pi^{1}}}=1 0^{-2}
$$
H. $$
P_{e}={\frac{4 5 0} {6 0 \pi^{5} \pi^{5}}}={\frac{2 2 5} {6 0 \pi^{5} \pi^{5} \pi^{5}}}=1 0^{-4}
$$
I. $$
P_{e}={\frac{5 0 0} {3 5 \pi^{2} \pi^{2}}}={\frac{2 5 0} {3 5 \pi^{2} \pi^{2} \pi^{2}}}=1 0^{-3}
$$
J. $$
P_{e}={\frac{3 0 0} {6 5 \pi^{3} \pi^{3}}}={\frac{1 5 0} {6 5 \pi^{3} \pi^{3} \pi^{3}}}=1 0^{-4}
$$
Answer: E
Occasional patients have stenosis of the aortic valve, but also have a narrowed left ventricular outflow tract just proximal to the valve, If the maximal systolic velocity exiting the aortic valve stenosis is $ meters/sec and the flow rate is 350 ml/sec but the outflow tract area is now 1.5 square centimeters, what is the maximal gradient across the valve?

Options:
A. $75.9mmHg$
B. $70.4mmHg$
C. $85.0mmHg$
D. $73.5mmHg$
E. $71.3mmHg$
F. $76.7mmHg$
G. $80.1mmHg$
H. $68.8mmHg$
I. $82.3mmHg$
J. $65.2mmHg$
Answer: D
At a certain high mountain, pure water boils at 90°C. How many minutes are needed to cook a hard-boiled egg, which can be cooked in 3 minutes at 100°C, on such a high mountain? Assume the activation energy of the egg cooking process (i.e., protein denaturation) is $5.18 \times 10^{2} \mathrm{~kJ \cdot mol}^{-1}$.

Options:
A. $$
3 7 0 \text{ min}
$$
B. $$
3 0 0 \text{ min}
$$
C. $$
4 5 5 \text{ min}
$$
D. $$
3 9 5 \text{ min}
$$
E. $$
4 0 5 \text{ min}
$$
F. $$
4 3 0 \text{ min}
$$
G. $$
2 9 0 \text{ min}
$$
H. $$
2 8 0 \text{ min}
$$
I. $$
3 1 0 \text{ min}
$$
J. $$
3 5 5 \text{ min}
$$
Answer: B
Solution A is a monoprotic weak acid with $c \left( \mathrm{~ H ~}^{+} \right)=\mathrm{a} \, \mathrm{~ mol ~} \cdot\mathrm{~ dm}^{-3}$. Solution Z is a sodium salt solution of this monoprotic weak acid, with $c \, ( \mathrm{~ H^{+} ~} )=\mathrm{b} \; \mathrm{~ mol ~} \cdot\mathrm{~ dm^{-3} ~}$. When the aforementioned solution A and solution Z are mixed in equal volumes, the measured $c \left( \mathrm{~ H ~}^{+} \right)=\mathrm{c} \mathrm{~ mol ~} \cdot\mathrm{~ dm ~}^{-3}$. What is the dissociation equilibrium constant $K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}$ for this monoprotic weak acid?

Options:
A. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{b^{2} a^{2}} {c K_{\mathrm{w}} }
$$
B. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{a^{2} b^{2}} {c K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
C. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{c^{2} a^{2}} {b K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
D. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{a b c^{2}} {K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
E. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{a b^{2}} {c^{2} K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
F. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{a^{2} c^{2}} {b K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
G. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{b^{2} c^{2}} {a K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
H. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{a^{2} b} {c^{2} K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
I. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{c a^{2}} {b^{2} K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
J. $$
K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}=\frac{b a^{2}} {c^{2} K_{\mathrm{w}}^{\ominus}}
$$
Answer: B
A primary cell is composed as follows:
Electrode I: A copper sheet is inserted into a solution of $2.0 \ \mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{dm}^{-3} \, \mathrm{CuSO}_{4}$ and an equal volume mixture of $10 \ \mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{dm}^{-3}$ ammonia solution;
Electrode II: A copper sheet is inserted into a $1.0 \ \mathrm{mol} \cdot \mathrm{dm}^{-3} \, \mathrm{CuSO}_{4}$ solution. The electromotive force (EMF) of this cell is measured to be $E=0.39 \ \mathrm{V}$. What is the stability constant of $[\mathrm{Cu(NH}_{3})_{4}]^{2+}$?

Options:
A. $$
1. 6 \times1 0^{1 3}
$$
B. $$
1. 6 \times 1 0^{9}
$$
C. $$
3. 2 \times 1 0^{1 0}
$$
D. $$
1. 0 \times 1 0^{1 2}
$$
E. $$
4. 7 \times 1 0^{7}
$$
F. $$
9. 5 \times 1 0^{1 0}
$$
G. $$
7. 1 \times 1 0^{1 1}
$$
H. $$
2. 8 \times 1 0^{1 2}
$$
I. $$
5. 4 \times 1 0^{8}
$$
J. $$
2. 3 \times 1 0^{1 1}
$$
Answer: A
Given that the $K_{\mathrm{sp}}^{\ominus}$ of FeS is $6.3 \times 10^{-18}$, and the $K_{\mathrm{a}}^{\ominus}$ of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}$ is $1.4 \times 10^{-20}$. If $\mathrm{H_{2} S}$ gas is introduced into a $0.50 \ \mathrm{mol} \ \cdot\ \mathrm{dm}^{-3} \ \mathrm{FeCl}_{2}$ solution until saturation, what is the pH range of the solution to prevent the precipitation of FeS?

Options:
A. $$
\mathrm{p H} <1. 4 7
$$
B. $$
\mathrm{p H} <2. 8 4
$$
C. $$
\mathrm{p H} <0. 8 5
$$
D. $$
\mathrm{p H} <1. 9 8
$$
E. $$
\mathrm{p H} <6. 5 9
$$
```
F. $$
\mathrm{p H} <2. 3 0
$$
G. $$
\mathrm{p H} <2. 7 5
$$
H. $$
\mathrm{p H} <3. 1 2
$$
I. $$
\mathrm{p H} <4. 0 5
$$
J. $$
\mathrm{p H} <5. 2 0
$$
Answer: D
Male, 30 years old with pulsatile tinnitus, blue tympanic membrane, conductive hearing loss for 2 years. CT shows a soft tissue mass in the tympanic cavity. The most likely diagnosis is ____.

Options:
A. Eustachian tube dysfunction, ear popping, pressure sensation
B. Labyrinthitis, viral infection, dizziness episodes
C. Glomus tumor, exposed internal jugular vein
D. Meniere's disease, fluctuating hearing loss episodes
E. Temporal bone fracture, hemotympanum, balance issues
F. Otosclerosis, stapes fixation, progressive hearing loss
G. Acoustic neuroma, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
H. Cholesteatoma, eroded ossicles, tympanic membrane
I. Perilymph fistula, sudden onset vertigo, trauma history
J. Middle ear infection, purulent discharge, earache
Answer: C
A 35-year-old female presented with a solid cystic mass in the anterior mediastinum, showing significant enhancement after contrast administration. The fat layer between the mass and the major blood vessels has disappeared. Additionally, there is irregular thickening of the right anterior pleura, nodules visible at the costophrenic angle pleura, and a small amount of pleural effusion on the right side. The most likely diagnosis is ().

Options:
A. Metastatic Lung Cancer
B. Invasive Thymoma
C. Germ Cell Tumor
D. Anterior Mediastinal Teratoma
E. Benign Thymic Cyst
F. Liposarcoma of Mediastinum
G. Hodgkin's Lymphoma
H. Lymphoid Hyperplasia
I. Thymic Hyperplasia
J. Thymic Carcinoma
Answer: B
A typical pheochromocytoma is located in ().

Options:
A. The T1WI shows a faint signal, while the T2WI shows a very low signal.
B. The T1WI shows a weak signal, while the T2WI shows an intense signal.
C. The T1WI shows a moderate signal, while the T2WI shows a fluctuating signal.
D. The T1WI shows a low signal, while the T2WI shows a moderately high signal.
E. The T1WI shows a high signal, while the T2WI shows a low signal.
F. The T1WI shows no signal, while the T2WI shows an extremely high signal.
G. The T1WI shows a strong signal, while the T2WI shows a minimal signal.
H. The T1WI shows a fluctuating signal, while the T2WI shows a stable signal.
I. The T1WI shows an uneven signal, while the T2WI shows a consistent signal.
J. The T1WI shows a medium signal, while the T2WI shows an absent signal.
Answer: D
A hot air balloon is a lightweight yet sturdy container that uses gas flame heating, with an open basket attached at the bottom, keeping the internal temperature of the balloon constant and 15 K higher than the outside air temperature. Assuming the ambient temperature is 298 K and the air pressure is $1 \times p^{\Theta}$, the air contains 80% $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ and 20% $\mathrm{O}_{2}$. To lift two people, assuming the total mass of the people and basket is 250 kg, and to allow flight in the air, what should be the volume of the balloon? Assume the air is an ideal gas.

Options:
A. 4299cm
B. 5200cm
C. 4800cm
D. 4600cm
E. 4100cm
F. 4450cm
G. 4505cm
H. 3952cm
I. 4703cm
J. 4386cm
Answer: J
With 1 mol of an ideal gas ($N_{2}$) as the medium, the following cycle is formed: $A \to B$, an isothermal reversible process; $B \to C$, an isochoric process; $C \to A$, an adiabatic reversible process. It is known that $T_{A} = 1000 \ \mathrm{K}$, $V_{A} = 1 \ \mathrm{dm}^{3}$, and $V_{B} = 20 \ \mathrm{dm}^{3}$. Calculate the thermal efficiency $\eta$ of this cycle process and determine the ratio of this engine's $\eta$ to the Carnot cycle's efficiency $\eta_{\mathrm{c}}$ under the same high and low temperature reservoir conditions, $\eta/ \eta_{\mathrm{c}}$ is_____.

Options:
A. 38. 50%,0.5821
B. 42. 30%,0.6101
C. 43. 10%,0.6250
D. 41. 75%,0.5979
E. 46. 75%,0.6667
F. 47. 50%,0.6789
G. 39. 20%,0.5687
H. 40. 00%,0.5555
I. 45. 00%,0.6520
J. 44. 25%,0.6392
Answer: D
In an adiabatic container, there is 1.0 kg of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} ( \ell )$ at 298 K. Now, 0.15 kg of ice is added. Calculate the entropy change of this process. It is known that the heat of fusion for $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O ( \ s )}$ is 333.4 J $\mathrm{g}^{-1}$, and the average specific heat capacity of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} ( \ell )$ is $4.184 \ \mathrm{J \cdot K^{-1} \cdot g^{-1}}$.

Options:
A. $$
5. 8 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
B. $$
9. 5 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
C. $$
10. 1 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
D. $$
8. 1 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
E. $$
7. 3 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
F. $$
6. 7 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
G. $$
3. 9 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
H. $$
2. 5 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
I. $$
7. 9 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
J. $$
4. 2 \mathrm{~ J \cdot~ K^{-1} ~}
$$
Answer: F
A certain polymer dissolves in benzene, and at 298 K, the osmotic pressure is equivalent to the hydrostatic pressure of a 0.0115 m height of benzene. Given that the freezing point depression constant of benzene is \( K_{\mathrm{f}} = 5.12 \, \mathr{K} \cdot \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1} \), and the vapor pressure of benzene at 298 K is 12,532 Pa. Calculate the changes in the freezing point and vapor pressure.

Options:
A. $$
3. 4 7 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 4 2 5 \, 9 1 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
B. $$
6. 0 8 \times1 0^{-5} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 5 0 9 \, 2 5 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
C. $$
2. 1 6 \times1 0^{-5} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 5 6 7 \, 3 4 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
D. $$
7. 2 8 \times1 0^{-5} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 3 9 9 \, 7 2 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
E. $$
3. 0 5 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 5 1 \, 8 3 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
F. $$
1. 7 9 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 3 4 2 \, 8 6 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
G. $$
2. 3 3 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 4 4 \, 4 6 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
H. $$
8. 5 9 \times1 0^{-5} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 4 8 7 \, 0 2 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
I. $$
1. 4 6 \times1 0^{-4} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 4 6 2 \, 1 9 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
J. $$
4. 9 3 \times1 0^{-5} \mathrm{~ K}
$$
$$
0. 0 5 3 1 \, 8 5 \, \mathrm{P a}
$$
Answer: G
At 293 K, for a solution of concentration 0.1 mol·dm⁻³ of NH₃ (g) in CCl₄ (1), the vapor pressure of NH₃ (g) above it is 4.43 kPa; for a solution of concentration 0.05 mol·dm⁻³ of NH₃ (g) in H₂O (l), the vapor pressure of NH₃ (g) above it is 0.8866 kPa. Calculate the partition coefficient of NH₃ (g) between the two liquid phases, CCl₄ (1) and H₂O (l).

Options:
A. 1.50
B. 4.40
C. 0.70
D. 0.80
E. 0.40
F. 2.00
G. 3.30
H. 0.50
I. 5.00
J. 1.00
Answer: E
Example 7: The complex reaction $2 \, \mathrm{CuBr}_{2} \, (\mathrm{s}) \Longleftrightarrow 2 \, \mathrm{CuBr} \, (\mathrm{s}) + \mathrm{Br}_{2} \, (\mathrm{s})$ reaches equilibrium at 487 K with $p_{\mathrm{Br}_{2}}=0.046 \times p^{\Theta}$. There is a 10 L container containing excess $\mathrm{CuBr_{2} \, (s)}$, and 0.1 mol of I(g) is added. Due to the homogenous reaction $\mathrm{Br}_{2} \, (\mathrm{g}) + \mathrm{I}_{2} \, (\mathrm{g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{BrI} \, (\mathrm{g})$, the total pressure of the system at equilibrium at 487 K is $p = 0.746 \times p^{\Theta}$. Find the equilibrium constant for $\mathrm{Br}_{2} \, (\mathbf{g}) + \mathrm{I}_{2} \, (\mathbf{g}) \Longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{BrI} \, (\mathbf{g})$ at 487 K.

Options:
A. 56.44
B. 97.63
C. 69.05
D. 31.72
E. 43.15
F. 12.34
G. 89.90
H. 14.32
I. 102.87
J. 74.58
Answer: C
The synthesis of ammonia reaction is $3 \, \mathrm{H}_{2} \left( \mathrm{\bf~ g} \right) \,+\, \mathrm{N}_{2} \left( \mathrm{\bf~ g} \right) \Longrightarrow 2 \, \mathrm{N H}_{3} \left( \mathrm{\bf~ g} \right)$. The molar ratio of the reactants hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas is 3:1, and at equilibrium under the conditions of 673 K and 1000 kPa pressure, the mole fraction of ammonia in the equilibrium products is 0.0385. Please calculate the standard equilibrium constant for this reaction under these conditions.

Options:
A. $$
5. 3 9 \times1 0^{-5}
$$
B. $$
1. 6 4 \times1 0^{-4}
$$
C. $$
7. 5 0 \times1 0^{-8}
$$
D. $$
2. 7 8 \times1 0^{-3}
$$
E. $$
9. 8 6 \times1 0^{-6}
$$
F. $$
4. 1 1 \times1 0^{-2}
$$
G. $$
3. 4 5 \times1 0^{-1}
$$
H. $$
2. 0 7 \times1 0^{-4}
$$
I. $$
6. 9 2 \times1 0^{-9}
$$
J. $$
8. 2 9 \times1 0^{-7}
$$
Answer: B
Determine the equilibrium constant $K_{p}^{\Theta}$. For the reaction $\mathrm{Na_{2} \ (g)} \Longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Na \ (g)}$ at 1000 K. The following spectral data are given: the vibrational frequency $\nu = 477.6 \times 10^{10} \ \mathrm{s}^{-1}$ for $\mathrm{Na}_{2}$, $B = \frac{h}{8 \pi^{2} I c} = 15.47 \ \mathrm{m}^{-1}$, the dissociation energy $\Delta_{\mathrm{r}} U_{\mathrm{m}}^{\Theta} = 70.4 \ \mathrm{kJ} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$, and the electronic term for the $\mathrm{Na}$ atom is $\mathrm{S}_{1/2}$.

Options:
A. 1.67
B. 5.87
C. 8.45
D. 0.93
E. 4.52
F. 6.73
G. 7.21
H. 3.38
I. 2.45
J. 9.12
Answer: I
Using a silver electrode to electrolyze an aqueous solution of AgNO₃, after a certain period of time, 0.078 g of Ag(s) is deposited at the cathode. Analysis reveals that the anode contains 23.14 s h a of water and 0.236 gambeg of AgNO₃. It is known that the original concentration of the solution was 0.00739 g of AgNO₃ dissolved per gram of water. Calculate the transport numbers of Ag⁺ and NO₃⁻, respectively is_____.

Options:
A. 0.59,0.59
B. 0.63,0.63
C. 0.53,0.53
D. 0.55,0.55
E. 0.54,0.54
F. 0.51,0.51
G. 0.47,0.47
H. 0.58,0.58
I. 0.52,0.52
J. 0.49,0.49
Answer: C
For the substances $\mathrm{C_{2}H_{5}OH (l)}$, $\mathrm{CO_{2} (g)}$, and $\mathrm{H_{2}O (l)}$ at 298 K, the standard enthalpies of formation per mole are $-276.1 \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}$, $-393.3 \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}$, and $-285.8 \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}$ respectively. The combustion enthalpies of $\mathrm{CO (g)}$ and $\mathrm{CH_{4} (g)}$ at 298 K are $-284.5 \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}$ and $-887 \, \text{kJ} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1}$ respectively; the molar heat capacities at constant pressure, $G_{p, m}$, for $\mathrm{CH_{4} (g)}$, $\mathrm{CO_{2} (g)}$, and $\mathrm{C_{2}H_{5}OH (l)}$ are $20.92 \, \text{J} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}$, $29.29 \, \text{J} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}$, and $133.9 \, \text{J} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}$ respectively. Calculate the standard enthalpy change, $\Delta_{t} H_{m}^{\Theta}$, for the following reaction at $298 \, \text{K}$:
$$ 3 \, \mathrm{CH_{4} \ (g)} + \mathrm{CO_{2} \ (g)} \Longrightarrow 2 \, \mathrm{C_{2}H_{5}OH}. $$.

Options:
A. $$
1 1 2. 6 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
B. $$
8 5. 2 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
C. $$
6 5. 9 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
D. $$
1 0 0. 8 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
E. $$
7 9. 4 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
F. $$
6 0. 7 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
G. $$
5 0. 3 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
H. $$
9 0. 1 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
I. $$
7 4. 8 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
J. $$
8 0. 3 \mathrm{~ k J ~ \cdot~ m o l}^{-1}
$$
Answer: I
Assuming the group III and group V atoms are electrically neutral $(q^{*}=0)$ among the compounds in the III-V groups, determine their degree of ionization $f_{i}$.

Options:
A. 0.50
B. 0.80
C. 0.75
D. 0.10
E. 0.25
F. 0.15
G. 0.60
H. 1.00
I. 0.05
J. 0.40
Answer: E
If $\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ is dissolved in NiO, the mass fraction $w(\mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3})$ is 10%. At this point, some $3\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}$ are replaced by $(2\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}+$ □) to maintain charge balance. Given that $r_{U^{-}}=0.140 \mathrm{~nm}, r_{N^{0+}}=0.069 \mathrm{~nm}, r_{P e^{0+}}=0.064 \mathrm{~nm},$ calculate how many cation vacancies are present in 1 $\mathbf{m}^{3}$?

Options:
A. $$
3. 4 8 \times1 0^{2 6} ( \leftarrow)
$$
B. $$
1. 5 9 \times1 0^{2 9} ( \downarrow)
$$
C. $$
7. 8 9 \times1 0^{3 1} ( \leftarrow)
$$
D. $$
1. 1 3 \times1 0^{2 8} ( \uparrow)
$$
E. $$
8. 9 2 \times1 0^{2 3} ( \rightarrow)
$$
F. $$
6. 7 6 \times1 0^{2 4} ( \downarrow)
$$
G. $$
2. 4 6 \times1 0^{2 7} ( \uparrow)
$$
H. $$
9. 0 2 \times1 0^{2 7} ( \rightarrow)
$$
I. $$
5. 3 1 \times1 0^{1 9} ( \downarrow)
$$
J. $$
4. 5 7 \times1 0^{2 5} ( \rightarrow)
$$
Answer: G