Input: [Answer] Condensing osteitis [Question]

Output: A change in bone near the apices of teeth that is thought to be a reaction to low-grade infection. A radiopaque area is seen extending below the roots of the involved tooth. The tooth most commonly associated is the mandibular first molar.


Input: [Answer] Cementoma [Question]

Output: Seen in the anterior mandible region with osteolytic and cementoblastic lesions and is also known as cemento-osseous dysplasia. The age, gender and race (black women in their 30s) and the fact that the teeth involved are vital aids in this diagnosis.


Input: [Answer] Osteogenesis imperfecta [Question]

Output: An autosomal dominant inheritance pattern whose basic defect is produced by mutation affecting the genes that encode for type I collagen, resulting in abnormally formed bones that fracture easily.


Input: [Answer] a high fever [Question]

Output: Hypocalcification or white spots on enamel are most likely the result of what during tooth development.


Input: [Answer] IgG [Question]

Output: Which Ig is most numerous and acts to neutralize bacterial toxin by enhancing phagocytosis?


Input: [Answer] IgM [Question]

Output: Which Ig is produced first and activates complement, but it is not the most numerous.


Input: [Answer] IgE [Question]

Output: Which Ig responds to allergic reactions


Input: [Answer] IgD [Question]

Output: Which Ig triggers B-cell response and is not the most numerous.


Input: [Answer] IgA [Question]

Output: Which Ig is found in exocrine secretions (tears, saliva)


Input: [Answer] Vaccination when injected with inactivated bacterial toxins [Question]

Output: An example of artificially acquired active immunity.


Input: [Answer] injection with antibodies that have been produced in another host. [Question]

Output: An example of artificially acquired passive immunity.


Input: [Answer] Metaplasia [Question]

Output: a microscopic change in which cells of one type are transformed or replaced by cells of another type that normally would not be in that area is called?


Input: [Answer] Diastolic [Question]

Output: Which reading readings reflect ventricular relaxation and lowest pressure.


Input: [Answer] Systolic [Question]

Output: Which reading reflects ventricular contraction when the blood from the heart is forced out of the aorta.?


Input: [Answer] Pits and Fissures [Question]

Output: G V Black's Class I


Input: [Answer] Posterior proximals [Question]

Output: GV Black's Class II


Input: [Answer] Anterior proximals [Question]

Output: GV Blacks Class III


Input: [Answer] Anterior proximals incisal edges [Question]

Output: GV Blacks Class IV


Input: [Answer] Cervical 1/3 buccal or lingual [Question]

Output: GV Blacks Class V


Input: [Answer] Incisal edge or cusp of teeth [Question]

Output: GV Black's Class VI


Input: [Answer] reversed and appear on the same side as the original structure [Question]

Output: How are ghost images displayed radiographically on a pano?


Input: [Answer] Increase [Question]

Output: Increase or decrease the vertical angulation or a periapical for a patient with a low palatal vault?


Input: [Answer] 1st Pen VK or Amoxicillin, 2nd Metronidazole [Question]

Output: Which antibiotic is 1st and 2nd choice for NUG?


Input: [Answer] 1st Doxycycline or Tetra 2nd Amoxicillin + metronidazole [Question]

Output: 1st and 2nd drug choice for Localized Juvenile Perio


Input: [Answer] 1st Doxycycline, tetra, & Metronizadole 2nd Amoxicillin + metronidazole [Question]

Output: 1st and 2nd drug choice for RAP


Input: [Answer] Penicillin [Question]

Output: What is the drug of choice for prohylaxis for Infective Endocartitis


Input: [Answer] Clindamycin [Question]

Output: What is the drug of choice for prohylaxis for Infective Endocartitis if the patient is allergic to penicillin?


Input: [Answer] The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. [Question]

Output: Psychology


Input: [Answer] Everything we do that can be directly observed. [Question]

Output: Behavior


Input: [Answer] In Psychology, the use of systematic methods to observe, describe, predict, and explain behavior. [Question]

Output: Science


Input: [Answer] The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us experiences privately but cannot be observed directly. [Question]

Output: Mental Processes


Input: [Answer] The process of thinking reflectively and productively, as well as evaluating evidence. [Question]

Output: Critical Thinking


Input: [Answer] The push for a stronger emphasis on research involving the experiences that people value, the traits associated with optimal capacities for love and work, and positive group and civic values. [Question]

Output: Positive Psychology Movement


Input: [Answer] An early school of psychology that attempted to identify the structures of the human mind. [Question]

Output: Structuralism


Input: [Answer] An early school of psychology that was concerned with the functions and purposes of the mind and behavior in individual's adaptation to the environment. [Question]

Output: Functionalism


Input: [Answer] An evolutionary process that favors organisms traits or characteristics that are best adapted to reproduce and survive. [Question]

Output: Natural Selection


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective examining behavior and mental processes through a focus on the body, especially the brain and nervous system. [Question]

Output: Biological Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] The scientific study of the structure, function, development, genetics, and biochemistry of the neurosystem. [Question]

Output: Neuroscience


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective emphasizing study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants. [Question]

Output: Behavioral Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective emphasizing unconscious thought, conflict between biological instincts and society's demands, and early family experiences. [Question]

Output: Psychodynamic Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective emphasizing positive qualities, capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny. [Question]

Output: Humanistic Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] focuses on mental processes involved in knowing: how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think and solve problems. [Question]

Output: Cognitive Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective that uses evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors. [Question]

Output: Evolutionary Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] Psychology perspective examining the way social and cultural environments influence behavior. [Question]

Output: Sociocultural Approach to Psychology


Input: [Answer] The study of mental illness. [Question]

Output: Psychopathology


Input: [Answer] A method that lets researchers combine results of several studies on a similar topic in order to establish the strength of an effect. [Question]

Output: Meta-analysis


Input: [Answer] an idea that tries to explain observations. [Question]

Output: Theory


Input: [Answer] anything that can change [Question]

Output: Variable


Input: [Answer] An objective description of how a research variable is going to be measured and observed. [Question]

Output: Operational Definition


Input: [Answer] An idea that is arrived at logically from a theory. It is a prediction that can be tested. [Question]

Output: Hypothesis


Input: [Answer] Observing some phenomenon [Question]

Output: Step 1 of the Scientific Method


Input: [Answer] Formulating hypotheses and predictions [Question]

Output: Step 2 of the Scientific Method


Input: [Answer] Testing through empirical research [Question]

Output: Step 3 of the Scientific Method


Input: [Answer] Drawing conclusions [Question]

Output: Step 4 of the Scientific Method


Input: [Answer] Evaluating conclusions [Question]

Output: Step 5 of the Scientific Method


Input: [Answer] The entire group about which the investigator wants to draw conclusions. [Question]

Output: Population


Input: [Answer] The subset of the population chosen by the investigator for study. [Question]

Output: Sample


Input: [Answer] A sample that gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected. [Question]

Output: Random sample


Input: [Answer] Observation of behavior in real-world settings with no effort made to manipulate or control the situation. [Question]

Output: Naturalistic Observation


Input: [Answer] A test that requires answers to written and/or oral questions. [Question]

Output: Standardized Test


Input: [Answer] an in-depth look at one individual. [Question]

Output: Case Study/Case History


Input: [Answer] A research strategy that identifies the relationships between two or more variables to explain how they change together. [Question]

Output: Correlational research


Input: [Answer] Situation where an extraneous variable that has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two others. [Question]

Output: Third Variable/Confound Problem


Input: [Answer] Systematic observation involving measuring variables of interest in waves over time. [Question]

Output: Longitudinal Design


Input: [Answer] procedure of manipulating some variables thought to influence behavior while all other variables are held constant. [Question]

Output: Experiment


Input: [Answer] The assignment of participants to research groups by chance. [Question]

Output: Random Assignment


Input: [Answer] The manipulated experimental factor in an experiment. [Question]

Output: Independent Variable


Input: [Answer] A factor that responds to change in the independent variable. [Question]

Output: Dependent Variable


Input: [Answer] A group in the research study whose experience is manipulated. [Question]

Output: Experimental Group


Input: [Answer] A comparison group that is as much like the experimental group as possible and is treated the same except for in regard to the independent variable. [Question]

Output: Control Group


Input: [Answer] The soundness of the conclusions we draw from an experiment. [Question]

Output: Validity


Input: [Answer] The extent to which an experimental design is representative of the real-world issues it is supposed to address. [Question]

Output: Ecological Validity


Input: [Answer] The extent to which the changes in the dependent variable are actually due to the manipulation of the independent variable. [Question]

Output: Internal Validity


Input: [Answer] Influence of the experimenter's expectations on the outcome of an experiment. [Question]

Output: Experimenter Bias


Input: [Answer] The influence of research participants' expectations on their behavior within an experiment. [Question]

Output: Research Participant Bias


Input: [Answer] An inert substance given to participants instead of an active agent that has no real effect. [Question]

Output: Placebo


Input: [Answer] when participants' expectations, rather than experimental treatment, produce an experimental outcome. [Question]

Output: Placebo Effect


Input: [Answer] An experiment that is conducted so that neither the experimenter nor the participants are aware of which participants are in the experimental group and which are in the control group until after the results are calculated. [Question]

Output: Double-Blind Experiment


Input: [Answer] Mathematical procedures that are used to describe and summarize sets of data in a meaningful way. [Question]

Output: Descriptive Statistics


Input: [Answer] A statistical measure of the central tendency that is calculated by adding all the scores in a set and then dividing by the number of scores. [Question]

Output: Mean


Input: [Answer] A statistical measure of central tendency that falls exactly in the middle of a distribution of scores after they have been arranged (or ranked) from highest to lowest. [Question]

Output: Median


Input: [Answer] A statistical measure of central tendency; the score that occurs most often in a set of data. [Question]

Output: Mode


Input: [Answer] A statistical measure of variability that is the distance between the highest and lowest scores. [Question]

Output: Range


Input: [Answer] A statistical measure of variability that involves how much the scores vary, on the average, around the mean of the sample. [Question]

Output: Standard Deviation


Input: [Answer] Mathematical methods that are used to indicate whether data sufficiently support or confirm a research hypothesis. [Question]

Output: Inferential Statistics


Input: [Answer] Using an ethnic label, such as "African American" or "Latino," in a superficial way that portrays the ethnic group as more homogenous than it really is. [Question]

Output: Ethnic Gloss


Input: [Answer] The body's electrochemical communication circuitry, made up of billions of interconnected cells. [Question]

Output: Nervous System


Input: [Answer] The brain's special capacity for modification and change. [Question]

Output: Plasticity


Input: [Answer] Sensory nerves that transport information to the brain. [Question]

Output: Afferent Nerves


Input: [Answer] Motor nerves that carry the brain's output. [Question]

Output: Efferent Nerves


Input: [Answer] Networks of nerve cells that integrate sensory input and motor output. [Question]

Output: Neural Networks


Input: [Answer] The brain and spinal cord. [Question]

Output: Central Nervous System


Input: [Answer] The network of nerves that connects the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body. It is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. [Question]

Output: Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)


Input: [Answer] part of the PNS with sensory nerves, which convey information to the CNS, and motor nerves, which transmit information to the muscles. [Question]

Output: Somatic Nervous system


Input: [Answer] Part of the PNS that communicates with the internal organs and monitors processes such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Question]

Output: Autonomic Nervous System


Input: [Answer] The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body. [Question]

Output: Sympathetic Nervous System


Input: [Answer] The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body. [Question]

Output: Parasympathetic Nervous System


Input: [Answer] Nerve cells that are specialized for processing information. Neurons are the basic units of the nervous system. [Question]

Output: Neurons


Input: [Answer] Cells that provide support and nutritional benefits in the nervous system. [Question]

Output: Glial Cells


Input: [Answer] The part of the neuron containing the nucleus, which directs the manufacture of substances that the neuron needs for growth and maintenance. [Question]

Output: Cell Body


Input: [Answer] Branches of a neuron that receive and orient information toward the cell body. [Question]

Output: Dendrites


Input: [Answer] The part of the neuron that carries information away from the cell body to other cells. [Question]

Output: Axon


Input: [Answer] The layer of fat cells that encases and insulates most axons. The myelin sheath speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses. [Question]

Output: Myelin sheath


Input: [Answer] The stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron. [Question]

Output: Resting Potential


Input: [Answer] The brief wave of positive electrical charge that sweeps down the axon during the transmission of a nerve impulse. [Question]

Output: Action Potential


Input: [Answer] The idea that once an electrical impulse reaches a certain level of intensity, it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any of its intensity. [Question]

Output: All-Or-None Principal


Input: [Answer] Tiny junctions between two neurons, generally where the axon of one neuron meets the dendrites or cell body of another neuron. [Question]

Output: Synapses


Input: [Answer] Chemical substances that carry information across the synaptic gap from one neuron to the next. [Question]

Output: Neurotransmitters


Input: [Answer] A drug that mimics or increases a neurotransmitter's effects. [Question]

Output: Agonist


Input: [Answer] A drug that blocks a neurotransmitter's effects. [Question]

Output: Antagonist


Input: [Answer] The lowest portion of the brain, consisting of the medulla, cerebellum, and pons. [Question]

Output: Hindbrain


Input: [Answer] Located between the hindbrain and forebrain, a region where many nerve-fiber systems ascend and descend to connect the higher and lower portions of the brain. [Question]

Output: Midbrain


Input: [Answer] A midbrain system that consists of a diffuse collection of neurons involved in stereotypical behaviors, such as walking, sleeping, or turning to a sudden noise. [Question]

Output: Reticular Formation


Input: [Answer] The region of the brain that includes much of the hindbrain (excluding the cerebellum) and the midbrain. [Question]

Output: Brain Stem


Input: [Answer] The highest level of the brain. Key structures are the limbic system, thalamus, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex. [Question]

Output: Forebrain


Input: [Answer] Loosely connected network of structures--including the amygdala and hippocamupus that play important roles in memory and emotion. [Question]

Output: Limbic System


Input: [Answer] Forebrain structure that functions as a relay station to sort information and send it to appropriate areas in the forebrain for further integration and interpretation. [Question]

Output: Thalamus


Input: [Answer] Large clusters of neurons, located above the thalamus and under the cerebral cortex, that work with the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex to control and coordinate voluntary movements. [Question]

Output: Basal Ganglia


Input: [Answer] Small forebrain structure involved in regulating eating, drinking, and sex; directing the endocrine system; and monitoring emotion, stress, and reward. [Question]

Output: Hypothalamus


Input: [Answer] Highest level of the forebrain, where the highest mental functions, such as thinking and planning, take place. [Question]

Output: Cerebral Cortex


Input: [Answer] The part of the cerebral cortex at the back of the head that is involved in vision. [Question]

Output: Occipital Lobe


Input: [Answer] The portion of the cerebral cortex just above the ears that is involved in hearing, language processing, and memory. [Question]

Output: Temporal Lobe


Input: [Answer] The part of the cerebral cortex just behind the forehead that is involved in the control of voluntary muscles, intelligence, and personality. [Question]

Output: Frontal Lobe


Input: [Answer] Area of the cerebral cortex at the top of the head that is involved in registering spatial location, attention, and motor control. [Question]

Output: Parietal Lobe


Input: [Answer] Area of the cerebral cortex that processes information about body sensations. [Question]

Output: Somatosensory Cortex


Input: [Answer] Area of the cerebral Cortex that processes information about voluntary movement. [Question]

Output: Motor Cortex


Input: [Answer] Region of the cerebral cortex in which the highest intellectual functions, such as thinking and problem solving, occur; also called association areas. [Question]

Output: Association Cortex


Input: [Answer] The large bundle of axons connecting the brain's two hemispheres. [Question]

Output: Corpus Callosum


Input: [Answer] A set of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by releasing their chemical products (hormones) into the bloodstream. [Question]

Output: Endocrine System


Input: [Answer] Chemical messengers manufactured by the endocrine glands. [Question]

Output: Hormones


Input: [Answer] An important endocrine gland at the base of the skull that controls growth and regulates other glands. [Question]

Output: Pituitary Gland


Input: [Answer] Important endocrine glands that are instrumental in regulating moods, energy level, and the ability to cope with stress. [Question]

Output: Adrenal glands


Input: [Answer] Threadlike structures that contain genes and DNA. Humans have 23 chromosome pairs in the nucleus of every cell. Each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair. [Question]

Output: Chromosomes


Input: [Answer] A complex molecule that contains genetic information; makes up chromosomes. [Question]

Output: Deoxyrybonucleic Acid


Input: [Answer] The units of hereditary information. They are short segments of chromosomes, composed of DNA. [Question]

Output: Genes


Input: [Answer] The principle that, if one gene of a pair governing a given characteristic is dominant and one is recessive, the dominant gene overrides the recessive gene. A recessive gene exerts its influence only if both genes in a pair are recessive. [Question]

Output: Dominant-recessive genes principle


Input: [Answer] An individual's genetic heritage; his or her actual genetic material. [Question]

Output: Genotype


Input: [Answer] The expression of an individual's genotype in observable, measurable characteristics. [Question]

Output: Phenotype


Input: [Answer] The response of individuals to changes in circumstances and events that threaten their coping abilities. [Question]

Output: Stress


Input: [Answer] Circumstances and events that threaten individuals and tax their coping abilities. [Question]

Output: Stressors


Input: [Answer] The pattern of continuity and change in human capabilities that occurs throughout the course of life. [Question]

Output: Development


Input: [Answer] An organism's biological inheritance. [Question]

Output: Nature


Input: [Answer] An organism's environmental experiences. [Question]

Output: Nurture


Input: [Answer] A test of perception that involves giving an infant a choice of what object to look at and that is used to determine whether infants can distinguish between objects. [Question]

Output: Preferential Looking


Input: [Answer] Decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations. Habituation is used in infant research to examine if an infant can discriminate between an old stimulus and a new one. [Question]

Output: Habituation


Input: [Answer] A framework that already exists in a person's mind that organizes information and provides a structure for interpreting it. [Question]

Output: Schema


Input: [Answer] An individual's incorporation of new information into existing knowledge. [Question]

Output: Assimilation


Input: [Answer] An individual's adjustment of a schema to new information. [Question]

Output: Accommodation


Input: [Answer] The first Piagetian stage of cognitive development (birth to about 2 years), in which infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with motor actions. [Question]

Output: Sensorimotor Stage


Input: [Answer] The second Piagetian stage of cognitive development (~2 to 7 years), in which thought becomes more symbolic than in the sensorimotor stage but the child cannot yet perform operations. [Question]

Output: Preoperational Stage


Input: [Answer] The third Piagetian stage of cognitive development (~7 to 11 years), in which thought becomes operational and intuitive reasoning is replaced by logical reasoning in concrete situations. [Question]

Output: Concrete Operational Stage


Input: [Answer] The fourth and final Piagetian stage of cognitive development (emerging from about 11 to fifteen years), in which thinking becomes more abstract, idealistic, and logical. [Question]

Output: Formal Operational Stage


Input: [Answer] The close emotional bond between an infant and its caregiver. [Question]

Output: Attachment


Input: [Answer] An important aspect of socioemotional development in which infants use the caregiver, usually the mother, as a secure base from which to explore the environment. [Question]

Output: Secure Attachment


Input: [Answer] An individual's behavioral style and characteristic way of responding. [Question]

Output: Temperament


Input: [Answer] parents exhorting the child to follow directions and to value hard work and effort. [Question]

Output: Authoritarian Parenting


Input: [Answer] encouraging independence (but still placing controls on behavior); includes verbal give-and-take, and nurturing interactions with the child. [Question]

Output: Authoritative Parenting


Input: [Answer] Parents are uninvolved in their child's life. [Question]

Output: Neglectful Parenting


Input: [Answer] Parents are involved with their children but place few limits on them. [Question]

Output: Indulgent Parenting


Input: [Answer] Behavior that is intended to benefit other people. [Question]

Output: Prosocial Behavior


Input: [Answer] Main class of male sex hormones. [Question]

Output: Androgens


Input: [Answer] Main class of female sex hormones. [Question]

Output: Estrogens


Input: [Answer] A person's ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times. [Question]

Output: Resilience


Input: [Answer] A period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence. [Question]

Output: Puberty


Input: [Answer] Erikson's fifth psychological stage in which adolescents face the challenge of finding out who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life. [Question]

Output: Identity versus Identity Confusion


Input: [Answer] The transition from adolescence to adulthood. [Question]

Output: Emerging Adulthood


Input: [Answer] An individual's accumulated information and verbal skills. [Question]

Output: Crystallized Intelligence


Input: [Answer] An individual's ability to reason abstractly. [Question]

Output: Fluid intelligence


Input: [Answer] Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life. [Question]

Output: Wisdom


Input: [Answer] The process of receiving stimulus energies from the environment. [Question]

Output: Sensation


Input: [Answer] The process of transforming physical energy into electrochemical energy. [Question]

Output: Transduction


Input: [Answer] The brain's process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning. [Question]

Output: Perception


Input: [Answer] Processing that begins with sensory receptors registering environmental information and sending it to the brain for analysis and interpretation. [Question]

Output: Bottom-up Processing


Input: [Answer] Processing of perceptual information that starts out with cognitive processing at the higher levels of the brain. [Question]

Output: Top-down Processing


Input: [Answer] Specialized cells that detect stimulus information and transmit it to sensory (afferent) nerves and the brain. [Question]

Output: Sensory Receptors


Input: [Answer] The field that studies links between the physical properties of stimuli and a person's experience of them. [Question]

Output: Psychophysics


Input: [Answer] The minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect. [Question]

Output: Absolute Threshold


Input: [Answer] Irrelevant and competing stimuli. [Question]

Output: Noise


Input: [Answer] The detection of information below the level of conscious awareness. [Question]

Output: Subliminal Perception


Input: [Answer] The smallest difference in stimulation required to discriminate one stimulus from another 50 percent of the time. [Question]

Output: Difference Threshold


Input: [Answer] The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount) to be perceived as different. [Question]

Output: Weber's Law


Input: [Answer] The theory about perception that focuses on decision making about stimuli in the presence of uncertainty; detection depends on a variety of factors besides the physical intensity of the stimulus and the sensory abilities of the observer. [Question]

Output: Signal Detection Theory


Input: [Answer] Focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others. [Question]

Output: Selective Attention


Input: [Answer] A predisposition to perceive something in a particular way. [Question]

Output: Perceptual Set


Input: [Answer] The light-sensitive surface in the back of the eye that records what we see and converts it to neural impulses for processing in the brain [Question]

Output: Retina


Input: [Answer] The receptors in the retina that are sensitive to light but are not very useful for color vision. [Question]

Output: Rods


Input: [Answer] The receptors in the retina that process information about color. [Question]

Output: Cones


Input: [Answer] Neurons in the brain's visual system that respond to particular features of a stimulus. [Question]

Output: Feature Detectors


Input: [Answer] The simultaneous distribution of information across different neural pathways. [Question]

Output: Parallel Processing


Input: [Answer] The bringing together and integration of what is processed through different pathways or cells. [Question]

Output: Binding


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that color perception is produced by three types of receptors (cone cells in the retina) that are particularly sensitive to different, but overlapping, ranges of wavelengths. [Question]

Output: Trichromatic theory


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that cells in the visual system respond to red-green and blue yellow colors; a given cell might be excited by red and inhibited by green, whereas another might be excited by yellow and inhibited by blue. [Question]

Output: Opponent-Process Theory


Input: [Answer] Principle by which individuals organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out (figure) and those that are left over (background, or ground) [Question]

Output: Figure-Ground Relationship


Input: [Answer] School of psychology emphasizing that people naturally organize their perceptions according to certain patterns. [Question]

Output: Gestalt Psychology


Input: [Answer] The ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. [Question]

Output: Depth Perception


Input: [Answer] Depth cues that are based on the combination of the images on the left and the right eyes and on the way the two eyes work together. [Question]

Output: Binocular Cues


Input: [Answer] Depth Cues that are available from the image in either eye. [Question]

Output: Monocular Cues


Input: [Answer] The perception that a stationary object is moving. [Question]

Output: Apparent Movement


Input: [Answer] Recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though sensory input about them is changing. [Question]

Output: Perceptual Constancy


Input: [Answer] A discrepancy between reality and the perceptual representation of it. [Question]

Output: Visual Illusion


Input: [Answer] Consists of Pinna and Auditory Canal. [Question]

Output: Outer Ear


Input: [Answer] Consists of Eardrum, Hammer, Anvil, and Stirrup. [Question]

Output: Middle Ear


Input: [Answer] Consists of the oval window, cochlea, and basilar membrane. [Question]

Output: Inner Ear


Input: [Answer] The theory of hearing that states that each frequency produces vibrations at a particular spot on the basilar membrane. [Question]

Output: Place Theory


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that perception of a sound's frequency depends on how often the auditory nerve fires. [Question]

Output: Frequency Theory


Input: [Answer] Modification of frequency theory stating that a cluster of nerve cells can fire neural impulses in rapid succession, producing a volley of impulses. [Question]

Output: Volley Principle


Input: [Answer] Nerve that carries neural impulses to the brain's auditory areas. [Question]

Output: Auditory Nerve


Input: [Answer] Sensory receptors, located under the skin, that respond to changes in temperature at or near the skin and provide input to keep the body's temperature at 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. [Question]

Output: Thermoreceptors


Input: [Answer] The sensation that warns us of damage to our bodies. [Question]

Output: Pain


Input: [Answer] Bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds, the receptors for taste. [Question]

Output: Papillae


Input: [Answer] A sheet of receptor cells for smell that line sthe roof of the nasal cavity. [Question]

Output: Olfactory Epithelium


Input: [Answer] Senses that provide information about movement, posture, and orientation. [Question]

Output: Kinesthetic Senses


Input: [Answer] Senses that provide information about balance and movement. [Question]

Output: Vestibular Sense


Input: [Answer] Structure in the inner ear containing the sensory receptors that detect head motion. [Question]

Output: Semicircular Canals


Input: [Answer] Awareness of external events and internal sesations, including awareness of the self and thoughts about one's experiences; this awareness occurs under a condition of arousal. [Question]

Output: Consciousness


Input: [Answer] James's concept that the mind is a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts and feelings. [Question]

Output: Stream of Consciousness


Input: [Answer] The most alert states of consciousness, in which individuals actively focus their efforts toward a goal. [Question]

Output: Controlled Processes


Input: [Answer] States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. [Question]

Output: Automatic Processes


Input: [Answer] Freud's concept of a reservoir of unacceptable wishes, feelings and thoughts that are beyond conscious awareness. [Question]

Output: Unconscious Thought


Input: [Answer] Periodic physiological fluctuations in the body. [Question]

Output: Biological Rhythms


Input: [Answer] A daily behavioral or physiological cycle, such as the sleep/wake cycle. [Question]

Output: Circadian Rhythms


Input: [Answer] A small structure in the brain that synchronizes its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dark based on input from the retina. [Question]

Output: Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)


Input: [Answer] Rapid eye movement sleep; stage 5 of sleep, in which dreaming occurs. [Question]

Output: REM sleep


Input: [Answer] Theory proposing that dreaming can be understood by applying the same cognitive concepts used in studying the waking mind. [Question]

Output: Cognitive Theory of Dreaming


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain. [Question]

Output: Activation-Synthesis Theory


Input: [Answer] An altered state of consciousness or simply a psychological state of altered attention and expectation, in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. [Question]

Output: Hypnosis


Input: [Answer] Perspective that views hypnosis as a normal state in which the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes a hypnotized person should behave. [Question]

Output: Social Cognitive Behavior View of Hypnosis


Input: [Answer] Substances that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perceptions, and change. [Question]

Output: Psychoactive Drugs


Input: [Answer] The need to take increasing amounts of a drug to produce the same effect. [Question]

Output: Tolerance


Input: [Answer] The physiological need for a drug, accompanied by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms, such as pain and craving, when the drug is discontinued. [Question]

Output: Physical Dependence


Input: [Answer] The strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons, such as a feeling of well-being and stress reduction. [Question]

Output: Psychological Dependence


Input: [Answer] Either a physical or a psychological dependence, or both, on a drug. [Question]

Output: Addiction


Input: [Answer] Psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity. [Question]

Output: Depressants


Input: [Answer] A disorder that involves long-term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive and excessive use of alcoholic beverages and that impairs the drinker's health and social relationships. [Question]

Output: Alcoholism


Input: [Answer] Depressant drugs that decrease the activity of the central nervous system. [Question]

Output: Barbiturates


Input: [Answer] Depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. [Question]

Output: Tranquilizers


Input: [Answer] Opium and its derivatives; they depress the central nervous system's activity. [Question]

Output: Opiates


Input: [Answer] Psychoactive drugs that increase the central nervous system's activity. [Question]

Output: Stimulants


Input: [Answer] Psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences and produce visual images that are not real. [Question]

Output: Hallucinogens


Input: [Answer] A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience. [Question]

Output: Learning


Input: [Answer] A theory of learning that focuses solely on observable behaviors, discounting the importance of such mental activity as thinking, wishing and hoping. [Question]

Output: Behaviorism


Input: [Answer] Learning in which a connection, or an association, is made between two events. [Question]

Output: Associative Learning


Input: [Answer] Learning that occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior; also called imitation or modeling. [Question]

Output: Observational Learning


Input: [Answer] Learning by which a neutral stimulus is associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. [Question]

Output: Classical Conditioning


Input: [Answer] A stimulus that produces a response without prior learning. [Question]

Output: Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)


Input: [Answer] An unlearned response that is automatically elicited by an unconditioned stimulus. [Question]

Output: Unconditioned Response (UCR)


Input: [Answer] A previously neutral stimulus that eventually elicits the conditioned response after being associated with the unconditioned stimulus. [Question]

Output: Conditioned Stimulus (CS)


Input: [Answer] The learned response to the conditioned stimulus that occurs after the pairing of a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. [Question]

Output: Conditioned Response (CR)


Input: [Answer] The initial learning of the stimulus-response link, which involves a neutral stimulus being associated with an unconditioned Stimulus and becoming the conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response. [Question]

Output: Acquisition (classical conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response. [Question]

Output: Generalization (classical conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The process of learning to respond to certain stimuli and not to others. [Question]

Output: Discrimination (classical conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The weakening of the conditioned response in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus. [Question]

Output: Extinction (classical conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The process in classical conditioning by which a conditioned response can recur after a time delay without further conditioning. [Question]

Output: Spontaneous recovery


Input: [Answer] A classical conditioning procedure for weakening a conditioned response by associating the fear-provoking stimulus with a new response that is incompatible with the fear. [Question]

Output: Counterconditioning


Input: [Answer] Also called instrumental conditioning; a form of associative learning in which the consequences of a behavior change the probability of the behavior's occurrence. [Question]

Output: Operant Conditioning


Input: [Answer] Thorndike's principle that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened, whereas behaviors followed by negative outcomes are weakened. [Question]

Output: Law of Effect


Input: [Answer] Rewarding approximations of a desired behavior. [Question]

Output: Shaping


Input: [Answer] The process by which a stimulus or an event strengthens or increases the probability of a behavior or an event that it follows. [Question]

Output: Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] Following a behavior with a rewarding stimulus to increase the frequency of the behavior. [Question]

Output: Positive Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] Following a behavior with the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase the frequency of the behavior. [Question]

Output: Negative Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] The use of reinforcers that are innately satisfying. [Question]

Output: Primary Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] The use of reinforcers that are learned or conditioned. [Question]

Output: Secondary Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] Timetables that determine when a behavior will be reinforced. [Question]

Output: Schedules of Reinforcement


Input: [Answer] The tendency to give the same response to similar stimuli. [Question]

Output: Generalization (operant conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The tendency to respond to stimuli that signal that a behavior will or will not be reinforced. [Question]

Output: Discrimination (operant conditioning)


Input: [Answer] The situation where, because a previosly reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced, there is a decreased tendency to perform the behavior. [Question]

Output: Extinction (operant conditioning)


Input: [Answer] A consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur. [Question]

Output: Punishment


Input: [Answer] A behavior decreases when it is followed by an unpleasant stimulus. [Question]

Output: Positive Punishment


Input: [Answer] A behavior decreases when a positive stimulus is removed. [Question]

Output: Negative Punishment


Input: [Answer] Unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior. [Question]

Output: Latent Learning (Implicit Learning)


Input: [Answer] A form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden insight into or understanding of the problem's solution. [Question]

Output: Insight Learning


Input: [Answer] The tendency of animals to revery to instinctive behavior that interferes with learning. [Question]

Output: Instinctive Drift


Input: [Answer] The species-specific biological predisposition to learn in certain ways but not others. [Question]

Output: Preparedness


Input: [Answer] The phenomenon of learning through experience that outcomes are not controllable. [Question]

Output: Learned Helplessness


Input: [Answer] The application of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior. [Question]

Output: Applied Behavior Analysis (behavior modification)


Input: [Answer] The retention of information over time through the processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval. [Question]

Output: Memory


Input: [Answer] The process by which information gets into memory storage. [Question]

Output: Encoding


Input: [Answer] The idea that encoding occurs on a continuum from shallow to deep, with deeper processing producing better memory. [Question]

Output: Levels of Processing


Input: [Answer] Extensiveness of processing at any given level of memory. [Question]

Output: Elaboration


Input: [Answer] Retention of information over time and the representation of information in memory. [Question]

Output: Storage


Input: [Answer] The view that memory storage involves three separate systems; sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. [Question]

Output: Atkinson-Shiffrin theory


Input: [Answer] Information from the world that is held in its original form only for an instant, not much longer than the brief time it is exposed to the visual, auditory, and other senses. [Question]

Output: Sensory Memory


Input: [Answer] A limited-capacity memory system in which information is retained for only as long as 30 seconds unless strategies are used to retain it longer. [Question]

Output: Short-term Memory


Input: [Answer] A three-part system that temporarily hods information as people perform cognitive tasks. Working memory is a kind of mental "workbench" on which information is manipulated and assembled to help individuals perform other cognitive tasks. [Question]

Output: Working Memory


Input: [Answer] A relatively permanent type of memory that stores huge amounts of information for a long time. [Question]

Output: Long-term Memory


Input: [Answer] The conscious recollection of information, such as specific facts or events and, at least in humans, information that can be verbally communicated. [Question]

Output: Explicit Memory (Declarative Memory)


Input: [Answer] The retention of information about the where, when, and what of life's happenings. [Question]

Output: Episodic Memory


Input: [Answer] A person's knowledge about the world. [Question]

Output: Semantic Memory


Input: [Answer] Memory in which behavior is affected by prior experience without that experience being consciously recollected. [Question]

Output: Implicit Memory (Nondeclarative Memory)


Input: [Answer] Memory for skills. [Question]

Output: Procedural Memory


Input: [Answer] A type of implicit memory process involving the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them remember new information better and faster. [Question]

Output: Priming


Input: [Answer] A preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people to organize and interpret information. [Question]

Output: Schema


Input: [Answer] A schema for an event. [Question]

Output: Script


Input: [Answer] The theory that memory is stored throughout the brain in connections among neurons, several of which may work together to process a single memory. [Question]

Output: Connectionism (Parallel Distributed Processing [PDP])


Input: [Answer] The memory process of taking information out of storage. [Question]

Output: Retrieval


Input: [Answer] The tendency for items at the beginning and at the end of a list to be recalled more readily than those in the middle. [Question]

Output: Serial Position Effect


Input: [Answer] A special form of episodic memory consisting of a person's recollections of his or her life experiences. [Question]

Output: Autobiographical Memory


Input: [Answer] The memory of emotionally significant events that people often recall more accurately and vividly than everyday events. [Question]

Output: Flashbulb Memory


Input: [Answer] An act of forgetting something because it is so painful or anxiety-laden that remembering it is intolerable. [Question]

Output: Motivated Forgetting


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that people forget not because memories are lost from storage but because other information gets in the way of what they want to remember. [Question]

Output: Interference Theory


Input: [Answer] Situation in which material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of material learned later. [Question]

Output: Proactive interference


Input: [Answer] Situation in which material learned later disrupts the retrieval of information learned earlier. [Question]

Output: Retroactive Interference


Input: [Answer] Theory stating that when something new is learned, a neurochemical "memory trace" is formed but over time this trace tends to disintegrate. [Question]

Output: Decay Theory


Input: [Answer] The "effortful retrieval" that occurs when people are confident that they know something but cannot pull it out of memory. [Question]

Output: Tip-of-the-Tongue phenomenon (TOT State)


Input: [Answer] Remembering the past. [Question]

Output: Retrospective Memory


Input: [Answer] Remembering information about doing something in the future, including memory for intentions. [Question]

Output: Prospective Memory


Input: [Answer] The loss of memory. [Question]

Output: Amnesia


Input: [Answer] A memory disorder that affects the retention of new information and events. [Question]

Output: Anterograde Amnesia


Input: [Answer] A memory disorder that involves memory loss for a segment of the past but not for new events. [Question]

Output: Retrograde Amnesia


Input: [Answer] Specific visual and/or verbal memory aids. [Question]

Output: Mnemonics


Input: [Answer] The science of creating machines capable of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done by people. [Question]

Output: Artificial Intelligence (AI)


Input: [Answer] The way in which information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing. [Question]

Output: Cognition


Input: [Answer] Manipulating information mentally, as when we form concepts, solve problems, make decisions, and reflect in a creative or critical manner. [Question]

Output: Thinking


Input: [Answer] Mental categories that are used to group objects, events, and characteristics. [Question]

Output: Concepts


Input: [Answer] Model stating that all instances of a concept share defining properties. [Question]

Output: Classical Model


Input: [Answer] Model emphasizing that when people evaluate whether a given item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most typical item(s) in that category and look for a "family resemblance." [Question]

Output: Prototype model


Input: [Answer] An attempt to find an appropriate way of attaining a goal when the goal is not readily available. [Question]

Output: Problem Solving


Input: [Answer] Evaluating alternatives and making choices among them. [Question]

Output: Decision Making


Input: [Answer] The tendency to search for and use information that supports, rather than refutes, our ideas. [Question]

Output: Confirmation Bias


Input: [Answer] The tendency to report falsely after the fact, that we accurately predicted an outcome. [Question]

Output: Hindsight Bias


Input: [Answer] A prediction about the probability of an event based on the ease of recalling or imagining similar events. [Question]

Output: Availability Heuristic


Input: [Answer] Being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities. [Question]

Output: Mindfulness


Input: [Answer] Being receptive to the possibility of other ways of looking at things. [Question]

Output: Open-Mindedness


Input: [Answer] The ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and come up with unconventional solutions. [Question]

Output: Creativity


Input: [Answer] Thinking that produces many answers to the same question; characteristic of creativity. [Question]

Output: Divergent Thinking


Input: [Answer] Thinking that produces one correct answer; characteristic of the type of thinking requred on traditional intelligence tests. [Question]

Output: Convergent Thinking


Input: [Question] ride [Answer]

Output: rode


Input: [Question] ring [Answer]

Output: rang


Input: [Question] run [Answer]

Output: ran


Input: [Question] say [Answer]

Output: said


Input: [Question] see [Answer]

Output: saw


Input: [Question] sell [Answer]

Output: sold


Input: [Question] send [Answer]

Output: sent


Input: [Question] sing [Answer]

Output: sang


Input: [Question] sit [Answer]

Output: sat


Input: [Question] sleep [Answer]

Output: slept


Input: [Question] speake [Answer]

Output: spoke


Input: [Question] spend [Answer]

Output: spent


Input: [Question] stand [Answer]

Output: stood


Input: [Question] swin [Answer]

Output: swam


Input: [Question] take [Answer]

Output: took


Input: [Question] teach [Answer]

Output: taught


Input: [Question] tear [Answer]

Output: tore


Input: [Question] tell [Answer]

Output: told


Input: [Question] think [Answer]

Output: thought


Input: [Question] throw [Answer]

Output: threw


Input: [Question] unedrstand [Answer]

Output: understood


Input: [Question] wear [Answer]

Output: wore


Input: [Question] win [Answer]

Output: won


Input: [Question] write [Answer]

Output: wrote


Input: [Answer] to lessen; to subside [Question]

Output: abate


Input: [Answer] giving up control, authority [Question]

Output: abdication


Input: [Answer] straying away from what is normal [Question]

Output: aberration


Input: [Answer] suspended action [Question]

Output: abeyance


Input: [Answer] to hate; to detest [Question]

Output: abhor


Input: [Answer] be faithful; to endure [Question]

Output: abide (by)


Input: [Answer] promise or swear to give up [Question]

Output: abjure


Input: [Answer] washing [Question]

Output: ablution


Input: [Answer] self-denial [Question]

Output: abnegation


Input: [Answer] repeal or annul by authority [Question]

Output: abrogate


Input: [Answer] to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest) [Question]

Output: abscond


Input: [Answer] restraint, especially of food and alcohol [Question]

Output: abstemious


Input: [Answer] difficult to comprehend; obscure [Question]

Output: abstruse


Input: [Answer] border on [Question]

Output: abut on, against


Input: [Answer] bottomless; extreme [Question]

Output: abysmal


Input: [Answer] effete; no longer fertile; worn out [Question]

Output: acarpous


Input: [Answer] welcomed with shouts and approval [Question]

Output: acclaimed


Input: [Answer] praise; approval [Question]

Output: accolade


Input: [Answer] the growing of separate things into one [Question]

Output: accretion


Input: [Answer] kind of stone; inflexible [Question]

Output: adamant


Input: [Answer] to become rotten; to become confused [Question]

Output: addle


Input: [Answer] to offer as example, reason or proof [Question]

Output: adduce


Input: [Answer] to settle judicially [Question]

Output: adjudicate on, in


Input: [Answer] something added; assistant [Question]

Output: adjunct to


Input: [Answer] to beg [Question]

Output: adjure


Input: [Answer] containing warning [Question]

Output: admonitory


Input: [Answer] add beauty; decorate [Question]

Output: adorn with


Input: [Answer] making unpure, poorer in quality [Question]

Output: adulteration


Input: [Answer] to suggest or hint; overshadow [Question]

Output: adumbrate


Input: [Answer] coming from another source and not innate [Question]

Output: adventitious


Input: [Answer] polite and friendly [Question]

Output: affable


Input: [Answer] close connection relationship [Question]

Output: affinity for, with


Input: [Answer] make worse; irritate [Question]

Output: aggravate


Input: [Answer] active; quick-moving [Question]

Output: agile


Input: [Answer] non-committal [Question]

Output: agnostic


Input: [Answer] eager; excited [Question]

Output: agog


Input: [Answer] trouble; be ill [Question]

Output: ail


Input: [Answer] eager and cheerful readiness [Question]

Output: alacrity


Input: [Answer] recess; partially enclosed place [Question]

Output: alcove


Input: [Answer] duty; support; loyalty [Question]

Output: allegiance


Input: [Answer] make (pain) easier to bear [Question]

Output: alleviate


Input: [Answer] to debase by mixing with something inferior [Question]

Output: alloy


Input: [Answer] reserved; indifferent [Question]

Output: aloof


Input: [Answer] to dispute angrily or noisily [Question]

Output: altercate


Input: [Answer] mix, combine, unite societies [Question]

Output: amalgamate with


Input: [Answer] use left or right hand equally well [Question]

Output: ambidextrous


Input: [Answer] doubtful; uncertain [Question]

Output: ambiguous


Input: [Answer] having both of two contrary meanings [Question]

Output: ambivalent


Input: [Answer] leisurely walk [Question]

Output: amble


Input: [Answer] improve; make better [Question]

Output: ameliorate


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] types of fossils [Description/Definition]

Output: 1-molds and casts; 2-petrified remains; 3-carbonate residues; 4-impressions; 5-creatures trapped in ice; 6-creatures trapped in amber


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] mold [Description/Definition]

Output: an imprint formed like the object would make if pressed into clay (like footprints)


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] cast [Description/Definition]

Output: solid rock that has the same shape and surface details as the original object


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] petrifaction * [Description/Definition]

Output: the conversion of organic material into stone


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] petrified remains [Description/Definition]

Output: original parts either replaced bit-by-bit or preserved by being exposed to water that contains a lot of minerals (shows details within as well as on the surface)


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] carbonate residue [Description/Definition]

Output: a fossil formed by the thin, filmy residue left when the liquids and gases of a creature's remains are forced out of the creature by great pressure after it has been buried in sediment


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] impression [Description/Definition]

Output: the fossil resulting after the thin, filmy residue of the carbonate residue is gone and just the impression of the film remains


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] resin * [Description/Definition]

Output: a sticky, liquid substance that usually hardens when exposed to air


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] first general feature of the fossil record [Description/Definition]

Output: Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rock. Since most sedimentary rock is laid down by water, it follows that most fossils were laid down by water as well.


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] second general feature of the fossil record [Description/Definition]

Output: The vast majority of fossils are of clams and other hard-shelled creatures. Most remaining fossils are of either water-dwelling creatures or insects. Only a tiny, tiny fraction of the fossils we find are of plants, reptiles, birds, and mammals.


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] third general feature of the fossil record [Description/Definition]

Output: Many of the fossils we find are of plants and animals which are still alive today. Some of the fossils we find are of plants and animals which are now extinct.


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] fourth general feature of the fossil record [Description/Definition]

Output: The fossils found in one layer of stratified rock can be considerably different than the fossils found in another layer of the same stratified rock.


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] extinct * [Description/Definition]

Output: a term applied to a species of plant or animal that was once living but now is not


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] uniformitarianism [Description/Definition]

Output: the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of slow, gradual processes that have been at work for millions or even billions of years


Input: [Name, Term, or Concept] catastrophism [Description/Definition]

Output: the view that most of earth's geological features are the result of large-scale catastrophes such as floods, volcanic eruptions, etc.


Input: [Answer] Chemically [Question]

Output: A molecule is ____________combined


Input: [Answer] Compound [Question]

Output: Pure substance made up of more than one element combined


Input: [Answer] Salt Water [Question]

Output: Homogeneous Mixture


Input: [Answer] Concrete [Question]

Output: Heterogeneous Mixture


Input: [Answer] Solution [Question]

Output: Best mixed of all mixtures


Input: [Answer] Chemical Symbols [Question]

Output: Shorthand way of representing the chemical elements


Input: [Answer] Alloy [Question]

Output: Solution of Metals


Input: [Answer] Equation [Question]

Output: Description of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas


Input: [Answer] Homogeneous Mixture [Question]

Output: A solution is what type of mixture


Input: [Answer] Element [Question]

Output: A Substance that contains only one type of atom


Input: [Answer] Mixture [Question]

Output: A Substance made up of more that one kind of Molecule


Input: [Answer] Solute [Question]

Output: In sweetened tea, the sugar is called the


Input: [Answer] Soluble [Question]

Output: A substance that dissolves in water is


Input: [Answer] Solvent [Question]

Output: The water in salt water would be the


Input: [Answer] Water [Question]

Output: 2H2 + O2 ----- 2 H2O What's the product


Input: [Answer] Temp [Question]

Output: You increase solubility by increasing


Input: [Answer] Democritus / Greek [Question]

Output: Smallest piece of matter was named "atom" by who


Input: [Answer] Dalton's Model [Question]

Output: Whose model claimed matter is made of atoms, atoms of the same element are alike, atoms of different compounds are not alike


Input: [Answer] Thomson [Question]

Output: Who discovered the Electron


Input: [Answer] Rutherford [Question]

Output: Who was the first to discover the atom


Input: [Answer] on orbits around the nucleus [Question]

Output: Where did Bohr's model place electrons


Input: [Answer] Wave Mechanics [Question]

Output: The modern atomic model or present day theory is called


Input: [Answer] Proton [Question]

Output: Positively Charges particle in the nucleus of an atom


Input: [Answer] Atomic Number [Question]

Output: Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the


Input: [Answer] Atomic Mass [Question]

Output: Sum of protons and neutrons


Input: [Answer] Neutral [Question]

Output: All neutrons are electrically


Input: [Answer] Protons and Neutrons [Question]

Output: The nucleus of an atom contains


Input: [Answer] Instinct [Question]

Output: The approach to motivation that forced psychologists to consider the hereditary factors in motivation was the ______ approach.


Input: [Answer] Acquired [Question]

Output: The need for money is an example of a(n) _______ drive.


Input: [Answer] Power [Question]

Output: Jocelyn needs to be the one whose ideas are always used and craves prestige among others. She drives an expensive car and wears nothing but the most expensive clothes. Jocelyn is high in the need for ________.


Input: [Answer] Achievement [Question]

Output: People who are always looking for a challenge may be high in the need for ________.


Input: [Answer] Acquired over time [Question]

Output: Evidence from a study with 2- year-olds who were given an opportunity to explore a black box with a hole in it suggests that sensation seeking may be _________.


Input: [Answer] Incentives [Question]

Output: Gene is trying to choose a snack. The fact that Gene feels drawn to choose the candy bar instead of the fruit is an example of the power of _________.


Input: [Answer] More basic needs such as food and safety [Question]

Output: According to Maslow, a person who wants to become self-actualized must first satisfy ________.


Input: [Answer] Intrinsic [Question]

Output: Shontia works at a day care center. The pay is low and the hours are long, but she loves being around children and has no desire to look for a higher-paying job. Motivation appears to be _______.


Input: [Answer] Insulin [Question]

Output: When we eat, the pancreas releases _________, which lowers blood sugar and can increase the feeling of hunger.


Input: [Answer] Later Hypothalamus [Question]

Output: The structure in the brain that, when damaged, causes rats to stop eating is called the _______.


Input: [Answer] Basal metabolic rate [Question]

Output: The rate at which your body burns energy when at rest is called the ________.


Input: [Answer] Classical Conditioning [Question]

Output: According to Rodin, externals are people who may produce insulin in response to anticipating food as a result of __________.


Input: [Answer] Double or triple the risk [Question]

Output: If there is a history of obesity in a family, each family member has ___________ of becoming obese compared to people without such a family history.


Input: [Answer] Hormone [Question]

Output: Leptin is a _________ involved in appetite control.


Input: [Answer] may appear to be normal weight [Question]

Output: Unlike anorexics, bulimics ________.


Input: [Answer] Serotonin [Question]

Output: The role of _________, a neurotransmitter that is also implicated in obesity, may provide clues to both bulimia and anorexia.


Input: [Answer] Not Possible to distinguish [Question]

Output: Your heart is racing, your breathing is rapid, and your mouth is dry. What emotion are you experiencing?


Input: [Answer] Cannon-Bard [Question]

Output: The __________ theory of emotion would predict that people with spinal cord injuries that prevent them from experiencing sympathetic arousal would show decreased emotion.


Input: [Answer] Receiving epinephrine [Question]

Output: In Schachter and Singer's classic study, participants were physically aroused by ________.


Input: [Answer] Facial feedback [Question]

Output: The theory of emotion that owes a lot to Darwin's work is the _________ theory.


Input: [Answer] Can respond to a threat before it becomes conscious of the threat. [Question]

Output: Researchers have found that the human brain _______.


Input: [Answer] Focusing on oneself [Question]

Output: According to Myers, which of the following would not lead to increased happiness?


Input: [Answer] How close you are to the exact result [Question]

Output: Accuracy


Input: [Answer] How well you are at repeating your result [Question]

Output: Precision


Input: [Answer] The amount of square units inside of two dimensional shapes [Question]

Output: Area


Input: [Answer] The amount of cubic units in a apace [Question]

Output: Volume


Input: [Answer] Amount of matter in an object [Question]

Output: Mass


Input: [Answer] The force of mass experience due to the presence of gravitational [Question]

Output: Weight


Input: [Answer] The amount f matter given in a space (mass per volume) [Question]

Output: Density


Input: [Answer] 6 city blocks Just over a half mile [Question]

Output: Kilometer (kg)


Input: [Answer] The length of a adult leg [Question]

Output: Meter


Input: [Answer] Length across the edge of a diamond [Question]

Output: Millimeter


Input: [Answer] Major league of a baseball bat , liter of water ,average dictionary [Question]

Output: Kilogram


Input: [Answer] A new scrips $1.00 bill [Question]

Output: Gram


Input: [Answer] how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems [Question]

Output: Technology


Input: [Answer] using one or more of your senses to gather information [Question]

Output: Observing


Input: [Answer] the process of grouping together items that are alike in some way [Question]

Output: Classifying


Input: [Answer] when you explain or interpret things you observe [Question]

Output: Inferring


Input: [Answer] making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence [Question]

Output: Predicting


Input: [Answer] observations that deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in numbers [Question]

Output: Qualitative Observations


Input: [Answer] observations that deal with a number or amount [Question]

Output: Quantitative Observations


Input: [Answer] creating representations of complex objects or processes [Question]

Output: Making Models


Input: [Answer] a scientist who studies living things [Question]

Output: Biologist


Input: [Answer] a person who is trained to use both technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems [Question]

Output: Engineer


Input: [Answer] same as biology - the study of living things [Question]

Output: Life Science


Input: [Answer] an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time [Question]

Output: Controlled Experiment


Input: [Answer] factor that can change in an experiment [Question]

Output: Variable


Input: [Answer] same as indipendent variable - the one variable that is pruposely changed to test a hypothesis [Question]

Output: Manipulated Variable


Input: [Answer] same a dependent variable - the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable [Question]

Output: Responding Variable


Input: [Answer] a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question [Question]

Output: Hypothesis


Input: [Answer] Science is the study of the natural world, while technology changes the natural world to meet human needs. [Question]

Output: Explain the difference between science and technology.


Input: [Answer] Technology requires the application of scientific knowledge. In turn technology may be used by scientists in their research. Advances in technology contribute to advances in science, and advances in science contribute to advances in technology. [Question]

Output: How are science and technology related?


Input: [Answer] the process of scientific inquiry [Question]

Output: Thinking and questioning is the start of what process?


Input: [Answer] They can give talks at scientific meetings, exchange information on the Internet, and publish articles in scientific journals. [Question]

Output: Name some ways scientists can communicate their results.


Input: [Answer] Be prepared, use common sense, and never go alone. [Question]

Output: Name some safety precautions for field investigations.


Input: [Answer] to improve the way people live [Question]

Output: What is the goal of technology?


Input: [Answer] PESTICIDES --- Positive: greater food production, feed more people --- Negative: can be washed into water supplies (rivers and streams) by rain, harmful to people if food containing pesticides is eaten [Question]

Output: How can technology have both positive and negative consequences on society? (Give an example.)


Input: [Answer] an instrument for viewing internal organs [Question]

Output: What is an endoscope?


Input: [Answer] Scientists explained how light travels through substances, and technologists were able to use this knowledge to design optical fibers and endoscopes. [Question]

Output: Explain how this invention represents the relationship between science and technology.


Input: [Answer] the total amount of matter in any object [Question]

Output: Mass


Input: [Answer] the measurement of the force of gravity on an object [Question]

Output: Weight


Input: [Answer] the amount of space that matter occupies [Question]

Output: Volume


Input: [Answer] the mass of a certain volume of a material or mass per unit volume (how much mass is contained in a given volume) (D=m/v) [Question]

Output: Density


Input: [Answer] used to measure mass [Question]

Output: Triple Beam Balance


Input: [Answer] the meter [Question]

Output: What is the SI unit of length?


Input: [Answer] the liter [Question]

Output: What is the SI unit of volume?


Input: [Answer] length x width x height [Question]

Output: How do we measure the volume of a rectangular solid?


Input: [Answer] 1 gram per cm cubed, or 1 g/mL [Question]

Output: What is the density of water?


Input: [Answer] 3 km = 3,000 m 2 m = 2,000 mm 3,000 mg = .03 hg 165 cg = .00165 kg [Question]

Output: Be able to calculate metric conversions. You need to know the metric staircase.


Input: [Answer] D= M/V [Question]

Output: Be able to calculate density.


Input: [Question] abate [Answer]

Output: to lessen; to subside


Input: [Question] abdication [Answer]

Output: giving up control, authority


Input: [Question] aberration [Answer]

Output: straying away from what is normal


Input: [Question] abeyance [Answer]

Output: suspended action


Input: [Question] abhor [Answer]

Output: to hate; to detest


Input: [Question] abide (by) [Answer]

Output: be faithful; to endure


Input: [Question] abjure [Answer]

Output: promise or swear to give up


Input: [Question] ablution [Answer]

Output: washing


Input: [Question] abnegation [Answer]

Output: self-denial


Input: [Question] abrogate [Answer]

Output: repeal or annul by authority


Input: [Question] abscond [Answer]

Output: to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest)


Input: [Question] abstemious [Answer]

Output: restraint, especially of food and alcohol


Input: [Question] abstruse [Answer]

Output: difficult to comprehend; obscure


Input: [Question] abut on, against [Answer]

Output: border on


Input: [Question] abysmal [Answer]

Output: bottomless; extreme


Input: [Question] acarpous [Answer]

Output: effete; no longer fertile; worn out


Input: [Question] acclaimed [Answer]

Output: welcomed with shouts and approval


Input: [Question] accolade [Answer]

Output: praise; approval


Input: [Question] accretion [Answer]

Output: the growing of separate things into one


Input: [Question] adamant [Answer]

Output: kind of stone; inflexible


Input: [Question] addle [Answer]

Output: to become rotten; to become confused


Input: [Question] adduce [Answer]

Output: to offer as example, reason or proof


Input: [Question] adjudicate on, in [Answer]

Output: to settle judicially


Input: [Question] adjunct to [Answer]

Output: something added; assistant


Input: [Question] adjure [Answer]

Output: to beg


Input: [Question] admonitory [Answer]

Output: containing warning


Input: [Question] adorn with [Answer]

Output: add beauty; decorate


Input: [Question] adulteration [Answer]

Output: making unpure, poorer in quality


Input: [Question] adumbrate [Answer]

Output: to suggest or hint; overshadow


Input: [Question] adventitious [Answer]

Output: coming from another source and not innate


Input: [Question] affable [Answer]

Output: polite and friendly


Input: [Question] affinity for, with [Answer]

Output: close connection relationship


Input: [Question] aggravate [Answer]

Output: make worse; irritate


Input: [Question] agile [Answer]

Output: active; quick-moving


Input: [Question] agnostic [Answer]

Output: non-committal


Input: [Question] agog [Answer]

Output: eager; excited


Input: [Question] ail [Answer]

Output: trouble; be ill


Input: [Question] alacrity [Answer]

Output: eager and cheerful readiness


Input: [Question] alcove [Answer]

Output: recess; partially enclosed place


Input: [Question] allegiance [Answer]

Output: duty; support; loyalty


Input: [Question] alleviate [Answer]

Output: make (pain) easier to bear


Input: [Question] alloy [Answer]

Output: to debase by mixing with something inferior


Input: [Question] aloof [Answer]

Output: reserved; indifferent


Input: [Question] altercate [Answer]

Output: to dispute angrily or noisily


Input: [Question] amalgamate with [Answer]

Output: mix, combine, unite societies


Input: [Question] ambidextrous [Answer]

Output: use left or right hand equally well


Input: [Question] ambiguous [Answer]

Output: doubtful; uncertain


Input: [Question] ambivalent [Answer]

Output: having both of two contrary meanings


Input: [Question] amble [Answer]

Output: leisurely walk


Input: [Question] ameliorate [Answer]

Output: improve; make better


Input: [Answer] rode [Question]

Output: ride


Input: [Answer] rang [Question]

Output: ring


Input: [Answer] ran [Question]

Output: run


Input: [Answer] said [Question]

Output: say


Input: [Answer] saw [Question]

Output: see


Input: [Answer] sold [Question]

Output: sell


Input: [Answer] sent [Question]

Output: send


Input: [Answer] sang [Question]

Output: sing


Input: [Answer] sat [Question]

Output: sit


Input: [Answer] slept [Question]

Output: sleep


Input: [Answer] spoke [Question]

Output: speake


Input: [Answer] spent [Question]

Output: spend


Input: [Answer] stood [Question]

Output: stand


Input: [Answer] swam [Question]

Output: swin


Input: [Answer] took [Question]

Output: take


Input: [Answer] taught [Question]

Output: teach


Input: [Answer] tore [Question]

Output: tear


Input: [Answer] told [Question]

Output: tell


Input: [Answer] thought [Question]

Output: think


Input: [Answer] threw [Question]

Output: throw


Input: [Answer] understood [Question]

Output: unedrstand


Input: [Answer] wore [Question]

Output: wear


Input: [Answer] won [Question]

Output: win


Input: [Answer] wrote [Question]

Output: write


Input: [Answer] Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement. [Question]

Output: Basic industries


Input: [Answer] Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services. [Question]

Output: Business services


Input: [Answer] The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered. [Question]

Output: central business district


Input: [Answer] A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area. [Question]

Output: central place


Input: [Answer] A distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller ones and provide services for a larger # of people who are willing to travel farther. [Question]

Output: central place theory


Input: [Answer] A sovereignty state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland. [Question]

Output: city-stare


Input: [Answer] A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are close to each other and fields surround the settlement. [Question]

Output: clustered rural settlement


Input: [Answer] Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services. [Question]

Output: Consumer services


Input: [Answer] A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages. [Question]

Output: Dispersed rural settlement


Input: [Answer] A communities collection of basic industries. [Question]

Output: economic base


Input: [Answer] A process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of large farms in England during the eighteenth century. [Question]

Output: enclosure movement


Input: [Answer] A model that holds the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service. [Question]

Output: gravity model


Input: [Answer] The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services. [Question]

Output: Market area (or hinterland)


Input: [Answer] Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community. [Question]

Output: Nonbasic industries


Input: [Answer] The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second -ranking settlement. [Question]

Output: Primate City


Input: [Answer] A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second ranking settlement. [Question]

Output: Primate city rule


Input: [Answer] Services offered by government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses. [Question]

Output: Public services


Input: [Answer] The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service. [Question]

Output: Range (of a service)


Input: [Answer] A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. [Question]

Output: Rank-size rule


Input: [Answer] Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it. [Question]

Output: Service


Input: [Answer] A permanent collection of building and inhabitants. [Question]

Output: Settlement


Input: [Answer] The minimum number of people needed to support the service. [Question]

Output: Threshold


Input: [Question] aberant [Answer]

Output: were absent


Input: [Question] aberat [Answer]

Output: was absent


Input: [Question] abest [Answer]

Output: is absent


Input: [Question] absunt [Answer]

Output: are absent


Input: [Question] avârus [Answer]

Output: miser


Input: [Question] bonus [Answer]

Output: good


Input: [Question] emit [Answer]

Output: buys


Input: [Question] erant [Answer]

Output: were


Input: [Question] erat [Answer]

Output: was


Input: [Question] ferôciter [Answer]

Output: fiercely


Input: [Question] festinat [Answer]

Output: hurries


Input: [Question] fortis [Answer]

Output: brave


Input: [Question] fûr [Answer]

Output: thief


Input: [Question] infâns [Answer]

Output: baby, child


Input: [Question] intentê [Answer]

Output: intently


Input: [Question] lîbertus [Answer]

Output: freedman


Input: [Question] olim [Answer]

Output: once, some time ago


Input: [Question] parvus [Answer]

Output: small


Input: [Question] per [Answer]

Output: through


Input: [Question] postquam [Answer]

Output: after, when


Input: [Question] pulsat [Answer]

Output: hits, punches


Input: [Question] quod [Answer]

Output: because


Input: [Question] rês [Answer]

Output: thing


Input: [Question] scrîbit [Answer]

Output: writes


Input: [Question] subitô [Answer]

Output: suddenly


Input: [Question] superat [Answer]

Output: overcomes, overpowers


Input: [Question] tum [Answer]

Output: then


Input: [Question] tuus [Answer]

Output: your


Input: [Question] vituperat [Answer]

Output: curses


Input: [Question] The cardiovascular system consists of the . . . [Answer]

Output: heart, blood vessels, and blood


Input: [Question] What are the functions of the cardiovascular system? [Answer]

Output: It carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells. Blood also contains cells that fight disease.


Input: [Question] What is the heart? [Answer]

Output: A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.


Input: [Question] During your lifetime, your heart may beat how many times? [Answer]

Output: Over 3 billion times


Input: [Question] How many chambers in total does the heart have? [Answer]

Output: 4


Input: [Question] The two upper chambers are called the. . . [Answer]

Output: atria


Input: [Question] the two lower chambers are called the . . . [Answer]

Output: ventricles


Input: [Question] What is the function of the atria? [Answer]

Output: They receive blood that comes into the heart.


Input: [Question] What is the function of the ventricles? [Answer]

Output: They pump blood out of the heart.


Input: [Question] What is the plural of atrium? [Answer]

Output: Atria


Input: [Question] The atria are separated from the ventricles by. . . [Answer]

Output: valves


Input: [Question] What is a valve? [Answer]

Output: A flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward.


Input: [Question] Where are valves located? [Answer]

Output: They separate the atria from the ventricles, and they are also located between the ventricles and the large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.


Input: [Question] What are the two main phases of the action of the heart? [Answer]

Output: In the first phase, the heart muscle relaxes and the heart fills with blood. In the second phase, the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood forward.


Input: [Question] The right side of the heart pumps blood to what part of the body? [Answer]

Output: The lungs


Input: [Question] The left side of the heart pumps blood to. . . [Answer]

Output: all the body except the lungs.


Input: [Question] What is the pacemaker? [Answer]

Output: A group of cells in the right atrium that send a signal to make the heart muscle cells contract, regulating the beating of the heart.


Input: [Question] What is the aorta? [Answer]

Output: The largest blood vessel in the body. It carries blood from the left ventricle to the body.


Input: [Question] What is the septum? [Answer]

Output: The thick muscular wall that separates the left side of the heart from the right side (hint: SEPtum / SEParate)


Input: [Question] What does the septum do? [Answer]

Output: It prevents oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood from mixing in the heart.


Input: [Question] What is the function of the left ventricle? [Answer]

Output: It pumps oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body.


Input: [Question] What is the function of the left atrium? [Answer]

Output: It receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.


Input: [Question] What is the function of the right atrium? [Answer]

Output: It receives the spent blood from the body. It is low in oxygen and high in the waste product carbon dioxide.


Input: [Question] What is the function of the right ventricle? [Answer]

Output: It pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs when it contracts.


Input: [Question] What are the three types of blood vessels? [Answer]

Output: Arteries, capillaries, and veins (remember A-C-V, in alpha order)


Input: [Question] What are arteries? [Answer]

Output: Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart


Input: [Question] From the arteries, blood flows into the. . . [Answer]

Output: capillaries


Input: [Question] What are capillaries? [Answer]

Output: tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the arteries


Input: [Question] What happens in the capillaries? [Answer]

Output: Substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells.


Input: [Question] Blood flows from the capillaries into the. . . [Answer]

Output: veins


Input: [Question] What are veins? [Answer]

Output: Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.


Input: [Question] In how many directions does blood travel? [Answer]

Output: Only one.


Input: [Question] When blood from the body flows into the right atrium, it contains a little what, and a lot of what? [Answer]

Output: When blood from the body flows into the right atrium, it contains a little oxygen and a lot of carbon dioxide.


Input: [Question] The right ventricle pumps blood into the arteries that lead to the. . . [Answer]

Output: lungs


Input: [Question] Where does the blood that enters the left atrium come from? [Answer]

Output: The lungs


Input: [Question] From the left ventricle, the blood is pumped into which artery? [Answer]

Output: The aorta


Input: [Question] What is a force? [Answer]

Output: A push or a pull


Input: [Question] When blood leaves the heart, it travels through. . . [Answer]

Output: arteries


Input: [Question] What are the coronary arteries? [Answer]

Output: The first vessels that branch off from the aorta.


Input: [Question] The coronary arteries carry blood to the . . . [Answer]

Output: heart itself.


Input: [Question] Are the walls of arteries generally very thick or very thin? [Answer]

Output: Very thick


Input: [Question] Artery walls consist of how many layers? [Answer]

Output: three


Input: [Question] What does the innermost layer of an artery wall consist of? [Answer]

Output: Epithelial tissue.


Input: [Question] The middle layer of the artery wall consists of. . . [Answer]

Output: muscle tissue.


Input: [Question] The outer wall of an artery is made up of. . . [Answer]

Output: flexible connective tissue


Input: [Question] What is a pulse? [Answer]

Output: the beat you can feel caused by the expansion and relaxation of the artery wall


Input: [Question] What are involuntary muscles? [Answer]

Output: Muscles that expand and contract without our thinking about it.


Input: [Question] How thick are the walls of capillaries? [Answer]

Output: One cell thick


Input: [Question] One way materials are exchanged between the blood and the body cells is by. . . [Answer]

Output: diffusion


Input: [Question] What is diffusion? [Answer]

Output: the process by which molecules move from an area in which they are highly concentrated to an area in which they are less concentrated.


Input: [Question] Blood pressure is measured with an instrument called a. . . [Answer]

Output: sphygmomanometer


Input: [Question] What is the function of veins? [Answer]

Output: Veins carry blood back to the heart.


Input: [Question] What factors help move blood through veins? [Answer]

Output: 1) The muscles inside veins contract, narrowing the opening, pushing blood along; 2) many veins are located near skeletal muscles; the contraction of the muscles pushes the blood along; 3) large veins have valves that keep the blood from going backwards


Input: [Question] What is blood pressure? [Answer]

Output: The pressure of the blood against the walls of blood vessels.


Input: [Question] What causes blood pressure? [Answer]

Output: The force with which the ventricles contract.


Input: [Question] As blood moves away from the heart, its pressure.... [Answer]

Output: decreases


Input: [Question] Blood pressure is lowest in. . . [Answer]

Output: veins


Input: [Question] Why does blood pressure decrease as it moves away from the heart? [Answer]

Output: Because the farther away from the heart the blood moves, the lower the force of the ventricles.


Input: [Question] What exerts the highest pressure? [Answer]

Output: Blood flowing through arteries.


Input: [Question] Blood pressure is recorded how? [Answer]

Output: By 2 numbers, written as systolic/diastolic (example: 120/80). The first number, systolic, is the measure of the maximum output pressure of the heart. The second number, the diastolic, indicates the pressure in the system when the heart is relaxed.


Input: [Question] What is the meaning of the first number in a blood pressure? [Answer]

Output: It is a measure of the blood pressure as the ventricles contract and pump blood into the arteries.


Input: [Question] Is the second number in a blood pressure measurement higher or lower than the first? [Answer]

Output: Lower


Input: [Question] What does the 2nd number in the blood pressure reading measure? [Answer]

Output: It measures the blood pressure while the ventricles relax between heartbeats.


Input: [Question] Blood is made up of how many components? [Answer]

Output: four


Input: [Question] What are the components of blood? [Answer]

Output: red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets.


Input: [Question] About what percent of the volume of blood is made up of cells? [Answer]

Output: 45%


Input: [Question] About 55 percent of the volume of blood is made up of. . . [Answer]

Output: plasma


Input: [Question] What is the name of the liquid part of blood? [Answer]

Output: Plasma


Input: [Question] 90 percent of plasma is. . . [Answer]

Output: water


Input: [Question] Dissolved materials make up what percentage of plasma? [Answer]

Output: Ten percent


Input: [Question] What is the function of plasma? [Answer]

Output: Carries molecules that come from the breakdown of digested food; carries vitamins, minerals, and chemical messengers, and carries away waste products


Input: [Question] There are how many groups of plasma proteins? [Answer]

Output: Three


Input: [Question] What do the three groups of plasma proteins do? [Answer]

Output: One regulates the amount of water in blood; the second group helps fight disease, and the 3rd interacts with platelets to form blood clots


Input: [Question] Where are red blood cells produced? [Answer]

Output: Red blood cells are produced in bone marrow.


Input: [Question] What is the function of a red blood cell? [Answer]

Output: Red blood cells take up oxygen in the lungs and deliver it to cells elsewhere in the body.


Input: [Question] A red blood cell is made up mostly of. . . [Answer]

Output: hemoglobin


Input: [Question] What is hemoglobin? [Answer]

Output: Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules.


Input: [Question] Where do hemoglobin pick up oxygen? [Answer]

Output: In the lungs


Input: [Question] Carbon dioxide is carried away from the cells by. . . [Answer]

Output: plasma


Input: [Question] Do red blood cells have nuclei? [Answer]

Output: No.


Input: [Question] Red blood cells live for how long? [Answer]

Output: About 120 days.


Input: [Question] What is the shape of a red blood cell? [Answer]

Output: They look like disks with pinched-in centers.


Input: [Question] What are white blood cells? [Answer]

Output: White blood cells are the body's disease fighters.


Input: [Question] What do white cells do? [Answer]

Output: Some recognize disease-causing organisms and alert the body; others produce chemicals to fight the invaders; still others surround and kill the organisms.


Input: [Question] There is one white cell to how many red cells? [Answer]

Output: 500 to 1000 red blood cells.


Input: [Question] White cells are bigger or smaller than red blood cells? [Answer]

Output: Bigger


Input: [Question] Do white cells have nuclei? [Answer]

Output: Yes.


Input: [Question] How long do white cells live? [Answer]

Output: They can live for months or even years.


Input: [Question] What are platelets? [Answer]

Output: Cell fragments that help blood clots form.


Input: [Question] What happens when a blood vessel is cut? [Answer]

Output: Platelets collect and stick to the vessel at the site of the wound and release chemicals that start a chain reaction that produces fibrin.


Input: [Question] What is fibrin? [Answer]

Output: A chemical that weaves a net of tiny fibers across the wound in a blood vessel. As more platelets and blood cells become trapped in the net, a blood clot forms.


Input: [Question] What is a scab? [Answer]

Output: A dried blood clot on the skin surface


Input: [Question] What is a blood transfusion? [Answer]

Output: The transfer of blood from one person to another


Input: [Question] What are the four types of blood? [Answer]

Output: A, B, AB, and O


Input: [Question] If you have Type A blood, can you receive a Type B transfusion? [Answer]

Output: No.


Input: [Question] What is the lymphatic system? [Answer]

Output: A network of veinlike vessels that returns lymph fluid to the bloodstream.


Input: [Question] What is lymph? [Answer]

Output: The fluid inside the lymphatic system


Input: [Question] What happens to some of blood's fluid as it travels through the capillaries? [Answer]

Output: It leaks out of the capillaries into the surrounding tissues and carries materials that the cells in the tissues need.


Input: [Question] What does lymph consist of? [Answer]

Output: Lymph consists of water and dissolved materials such as glucose, as well as some white cells that have left the capillaries.


Input: [Question] What is glucose? [Answer]

Output: A type of sugar.


Input: [Question] Are lymphatic vessels part of the cardiovascular system? [Answer]

Output: Yes.


Input: [Question] What are lymph nodes? [Answer]

Output: Small knobs of tissue in the lymphatic system.


Input: [Question] What do lymph nodes do? [Answer]

Output: They filter the lymph, trapping bacteria and other microorganisms that cause disease.


Input: [Question] What is the leading cause of death in the United States? [Answer]

Output: Cardiovascular disease.


Input: [Question] What is atherosclerosis? [Answer]

Output: A condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the buildup of fatty materials.


Input: [Question] What is cholesterol? [Answer]

Output: A waxy, fat-like substance that can build up on artery walls.


Input: [Question] What is a heart attack? [Answer]

Output: A heart attack is an occurrence where blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. Cells die in the part of the heart that does not receive blood, permanently damaging the heart.


Input: [Question] What is hypertension? [Answer]

Output: Another name for high blood pressure


Input: [Question] What, approximately, is a normal blood pressure? [Answer]

Output: Lower than 140/90.


Input: [Question] Why is hypertension bad? [Answer]

Output: It makes the heart work harder and can damage the walls of the blood vessels.


Input: [Question] Why is hypertension called the "silent killer?" [Answer]

Output: People often don't have obvious symptoms of hypertension to warn them.


Input: [Question] Psychiatic diagnostic interview examination includes : [Answer]

Output: all the above


Input: [Question] If an established patient is given an immunization during an office visit and the only service provided was the immunization , what type of code would you use to report services [Answer]

Output: a medicine section immunization code and an administration code


Input: [Question] what word is used to describe the pushing of liquid into the body over a long period of time [Answer]

Output: infusion


Input: [Question] what must always be documented in the patients record and is the major billing factor for recording codes in osychiatric subsection [Answer]

Output: time


Input: [Question] out patient dialysis services are usually reported on this basis [Answer]

Output: montly


Input: [Question] What is the name of the process that routes the blood including waste products outside the body through a filters [Answer]

Output: hemodialysis


Input: [Question] What is the name of the dialysis that involves using a body cavity as a filter [Answer]

Output: peritoneal


Input: [Question] what is the name of the procedure that is preformed to assess the intraocular pressure of the eye [Answer]

Output: tomometry


Input: [Question] the cardiovascular subsection contains many diagnostic/therapeutic procedures and services that are primarily divided as to whether the procedures or services are invasive or: [Answer]

Output: non invasive


Input: [Question] What is being measured while the sleep test is being conducted [Answer]

Output: parameters


Input: [Question] what does the abbreviation EMG stand ford [Answer]

Output: electromyographic


Input: [Question] on what basis are the dermatology codes usually used by the dermatologist who see patients in the office [Answer]

Output: Consultation


Input: [Question] level 11 national codes are not used in which settings [Answer]

Output: inpatient


Input: [Question] Which of the following would be used to code drugs [Answer]

Output: J codes


Input: [Question] codes 90951-90962 are reported ______ to distinguish age-specific services related to the patients end -stage renal disease preformed in an outpatient setting depending on the number of visits [Answer]

Output: once per month


Input: [Question] an intermediate visiual field examination Humphrey supra-threshold automatic diagnostic test [Answer]

Output: 92082


Input: [Question] a routine ECG with 12 leads, tracing only was preformed [Answer]

Output: 93005


Input: [Question] When doing osteopathic manipulative treatment,which of these body regions is not included in the regions listed within the CPT manual [Answer]

Output: caudal


Input: [Question] Longitude Lines are also known as.... [Answer]

Output: Meridians


Input: [Question] Lines on a map that go North/South are called... [Answer]

Output: Longitude Lines


Input: [Question] Lines on a map that go East/West are called... [Answer]

Output: Latitude Lines


Input: [Question] Another name for Latitude Lines is... [Answer]

Output: Parallels


Input: [Question] How many degrees is the equator? [Answer]

Output: 0 degrees


Input: [Question] Which line do you label on the map as the Equator? [Answer]

Output: You label the MAIN East/West line on a map as the Equator


Input: [Question] How many degrees is the Prime Meridian? [Answer]

Output: 0 degrees


Input: [Question] Which line on a map do you label as the Prime Meridian? [Answer]

Output: You label the MAIN North/South line as the Prime Meridian


Input: [Question] There's nothing better than cold weather! Should you move to 95 N/10 E or 7 N/ 81 E? [Answer]

Output: 95 N/ 10 E


Input: [Question] What are PROJECTIONS? [Answer]

Output: Projections show the curved surface of the earth on a flat map


Input: [Question] Define electrodynamics. [Answer]

Output: The science of electric charges in motion.


Input: [Question] Under what conditions does an electric current consists of a flow of charged particles? [Answer]

Output: Gas, Ionic solution, Metallic conductor, Vacuum


Input: [Question] What are the two sources of electric current? [Answer]

Output: Cells/Batteries and Dynamo/Generator