Input: [Question] Define potential difference. [Answer]

Output: Difference in electrical potential energy between 2 points in an electric circuit.


Input: [Question] What is the UNIT of potential difference? [Answer]

Output: Volt


Input: [Question] Define volt. [Answer]

Output: Potential difference maintaining a current of ampere in a circuit whose resistance is 1 ohm.


Input: [Question] Define electromotive force. [Answer]

Output: The maximum difference of potential between the terminals of a battery.


Input: [Question] Define current. [Answer]

Output: Amount of electric charge flowing per second.


Input: [Question] What is the UNIT of current? [Answer]

Output: Ampere


Input: [Question] What is an ampere? [Answer]

Output: 1 coulomb quantity of electric charge flowing per second.


Input: [Question] Define resistance. [Answer]

Output: Property of circuit opposing or hindering flow of electric current.


Input: [Question] What is the UNIT of electrical resistance? [Answer]

Output: OHM


Input: [Question] Define OHM. [Answer]

Output: The resistance of a standard volume of mercury under standard conditions.


Input: [Question] On what factors does the resistance of a conductor depend? [Answer]

Output: Material, Length, Cross-sectional area, and Temperature


Input: [Question] Define dry cell. [Answer]

Output: Used in flashlights, consists of carbon rod surrounded by manganese dioxide, immersed in ammonium chloride paste, zinc chloride, water.


Input: [Question] Define wet cell. [Answer]

Output: Consists of hard rubber or plastic case containing sulfuric acid with immersed electrodes.


Input: [Question] How does temperature affect metal conductors? [Answer]

Output: The resistance becomes greater as the temperature rises.


Input: [Question] Define OHM's law. [Answer]

Output: The value of the current in a metallic circuit equals the potential difference divided by the resistance.


Input: [Question] Define ammeter. [Answer]

Output: Meter that measures in amperes. (in series)


Input: [Question] Define voltmeter. [Answer]

Output: Meter that measures, involts, the potential difference between any two points in a circuit. (in parallel)


Input: [Question] What is the unit of power? [Answer]

Output: Watt


Input: [Question] What is the equation for power loss? [Answer]

Output: P = I 2 R watts


Input: [Question] What is the formula that defines power loss in an electrical circuit? [Answer]

Output: P = I 2 R


Input: [Question] A gasoline engine will convert chemical energy to what type of energy? [Answer]

Output: Mechanical energy


Input: [Question] What type of charge moves in a conductor? [Answer]

Output: Negative charges


Input: [Question] What effect does a low temperature have on resistance? [Answer]

Output: Decreases


Input: [Question] What effect does a high temperature have on resistance? [Answer]

Output: Increases


Input: [Question] What is measured by a meter wired in series with a resistance? [Answer]

Output: Current


Input: [Question] Electric insulators inhibit movement of what? [Answer]

Output: Electric charge


Input: [Answer] Goal of the Firm [Question]

Output: Maximization of shareholder wealth or the maximization of the price of the price of the existing common stock.


Input: [Answer] Sole Proprietorship [Question]

Output: A business owned by a single individual.


Input: [Answer] General Partnership [Question]

Output: A partnership in which all partners are fully liable for the indebtedness incurred by the partnership.


Input: [Answer] Limited Partnership [Question]

Output: A partnership in which one or more of the partners has limited liability,; restricted to the amount of capital he or she invests in the partnership.


Input: [Answer] Corporation [Question]

Output: An entity that legally functions separate and apart from its owners.


Input: [Answer] S-Type Corporation [Question]

Output: A corporation that, because of specific qualifications, is taxed as though it were a partnership.


Input: [Answer] Limited Liability Corporation [Question]

Output: A cross between a partnership and a corporation under which the owners retain limited liability but the company is run and is taxed like a partnership.


Input: [Answer] Gross Income [Question]

Output: A firm's dollar sales from its product or services less the cost of producing or acquiring them.


Input: [Answer] Taxable Income [Question]

Output: Gross income from all sources, except for allowable exclusions, less any tax-deductible expenses.


Input: [Answer] Depreciation [Question]

Output: The means by which an asset's value is expensed over its useful life for federal income tax purposes.


Input: [Answer] Capital Gain/Loss [Question]

Output: Defined by the revenue code, a gain or loss resulting from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.


Input: [Answer] Net Opertaing Loss Carryback [Question]

Output: A tax provision that permits the taxpayer first to apply loss against the profits earned in the 2 prior years.


Input: [Answer] Net Opertaing Loss Carryforward [Question]

Output: If the loss has not been completely absorbed by the profits in these 2 years, it may be applied to taxable profits in each of the 20 following years.


Input: [Answer] all the above [Question]

Output: Psychiatic diagnostic interview examination includes :


Input: [Answer] a medicine section immunization code and an administration code [Question]

Output: If an established patient is given an immunization during an office visit and the only service provided was the immunization , what type of code would you use to report services


Input: [Answer] infusion [Question]

Output: what word is used to describe the pushing of liquid into the body over a long period of time


Input: [Answer] time [Question]

Output: what must always be documented in the patients record and is the major billing factor for recording codes in osychiatric subsection


Input: [Answer] montly [Question]

Output: out patient dialysis services are usually reported on this basis


Input: [Answer] hemodialysis [Question]

Output: What is the name of the process that routes the blood including waste products outside the body through a filters


Input: [Answer] peritoneal [Question]

Output: What is the name of the dialysis that involves using a body cavity as a filter


Input: [Answer] tomometry [Question]

Output: what is the name of the procedure that is preformed to assess the intraocular pressure of the eye


Input: [Answer] non invasive [Question]

Output: the cardiovascular subsection contains many diagnostic/therapeutic procedures and services that are primarily divided as to whether the procedures or services are invasive or:


Input: [Answer] parameters [Question]

Output: What is being measured while the sleep test is being conducted


Input: [Answer] electromyographic [Question]

Output: what does the abbreviation EMG stand ford


Input: [Answer] Consultation [Question]

Output: on what basis are the dermatology codes usually used by the dermatologist who see patients in the office


Input: [Answer] inpatient [Question]

Output: level 11 national codes are not used in which settings


Input: [Answer] J codes [Question]

Output: Which of the following would be used to code drugs


Input: [Answer] once per month [Question]

Output: codes 90951-90962 are reported ______ to distinguish age-specific services related to the patients end -stage renal disease preformed in an outpatient setting depending on the number of visits


Input: [Answer] 92082 [Question]

Output: an intermediate visiual field examination Humphrey supra-threshold automatic diagnostic test


Input: [Answer] 93005 [Question]

Output: a routine ECG with 12 leads, tracing only was preformed


Input: [Answer] caudal [Question]

Output: When doing osteopathic manipulative treatment,which of these body regions is not included in the regions listed within the CPT manual


Input: [answer] Tropisms [question]

Output: In plants, a growth response to the stimulus of light is called


Input: [answer] Root hair cells [question]

Output: The principal water absorbing structure of a typical root is the


Input: [answer] water is split into oxygen [question]

Output: Light reactions of photosynthesis include those in which


Input: [answer] photosynthethic producers [question]

Output: In typical ecosystems, the producers are


Input: [answer] turgor pressure increases [question]

Output: If a living plant is placed in a hypotonic solution


Input: [answer] RNA which synthesises protein [question]

Output: Ribosomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum consist of


Input: [answer] Reproduction is accomplished not by somaplasm but by germ plasm [question]

Output: According to Weismann's theory of continuity of the germ plasm


Input: [answer] Mitochondria [question]

Output: Cellular structures responsible for oxidizing food and converting energy to ATP are


Input: [answer] Fermentation [question]

Output: The enzyme-controlled breakdown of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions is called


Input: [answer] meiosis to produce haploid spores [question]

Output: In plant reproduction, selected cells of the diploid, spore producting generation undergo


Input: [answer] Vitamin A [question]

Output: Plants produce carotene which animals convert to


Input: [answer] auditory nerve [question]

Output: Which nerve innervates the semicircular canals


Input: [answer] Thyroxin [question]

Output: Hormone that controls the rate of food conversion to energy


Input: [answer] The sympathic nervous system responds to emotional situations and creates reactions such as increased heart beat [question]

Output: Stimulation by sympathic nervous system would result in


Input: [answer] a precise and equal distribution of chromatin and DNA to each daughter cell [question]

Output: The significance of mitosis is that there is


Input: [answer] DNA [question]

Output: Transfer of genetic information from one generation to another is accomplished by


Input: [answer] Sources of variations and continue to be handed down to future generations [question]

Output: Mutations


Input: [answer] preformationists who believed in a preformation of the indiviual within the cell [question]

Output: Animalculists


Input: [answer] free-floating microscopic plants and animals in a body of water [question]

Output: Plankton


Input: [answer] Relationship between members of 2 species in which one benefits from the other without harming or benefiting the other [question]

Output: Commensalism


Input: [answer] Pulmonary veins [question]

Output: Blood returns to the heart from the lungs via the


Input: [answer] Coronary arteries branch from the aorta and carry blood to the heart muscle [question]

Output: Blood is supplied to the muscle of wall of the heart


Input: [answer] An organism that obtains energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances [question]

Output: Chemosynthethic


Input: [answer] The failure of homologus chromosomes to separate in the anaphase [question]

Output: nondisjunction


Input: [answer] tissue inside the vascular cambium and is the primary water conducting tissue in vascular plants [question]

Output: Xylem


Input: [answer] side effect of a antigen-antibody reaction [question]

Output: Allergic reaction


Input: [answer] Any substance that, when introduced into an animal body, stimulates the formation of an antibody [question]

Output: antigen


Input: [answer] A protein in the blood of animals that can render an antigen inactive [question]

Output: Antibodies


Input: [answer] studied the effects of chemicals on body tissue-chemotherapy [question]

Output: Paul Ehrlich


Input: [answer] Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase [question]

Output: Cell division- mitosis


Input: [answer] A qualitative division of the cell nucleus whereby each daughter cell receives the same identical chromosome content as the parent cell [question]

Output: Mitosis


Input: [answer] messenger RNA- carries genetic information out of the cell nucleus [question]

Output: mRNA


Input: [answer] Protein synthesis carried out in the cytoplasm of the cell [question]

Output: tRNA


Input: [answer] Ingestion, digestion, secretion,absorption,respiration,excretion,transportation,assimilation,regulation,synthesis,reproduction,irritablility,movement,bioluminescence [question]

Output: Cell metabolism


Input: [answer] process occurs within all plant cells which supply all of the carbohydrates used by both plants and animals. Water and oxygen are by products [question]

Output: Photosynthesis


Input: [answer] cells that absorb light energy from the sun [question]

Output: chloroplasts


Input: [answer] The process by which the cell or organism gets energy for all of its activities [question]

Output: cellular respiration


Input: [answer] Site of photosynthesis [question]

Output: Chloroplasts


Input: [answer] store chlorophyll for use by chloroplasts [question]

Output: Plastids


Input: [answer] carryout digestive functions, stores digestive enzymes [question]

Output: Lysosomes


Input: [answer] does not have ribosomes attached and is the transportation system of the cell [question]

Output: smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Input: [answer] Has ribosomes attached and also carries out cell transportation but mainly of necessary protein needed by the cell [question]

Output: Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Input: [answer] Manufacture, synthesize, store, and distribute hormone and enzyme materials needed by the cell [question]

Output: Golgi Apparatus


Input: [answer] Manufacture, store, and secrete oxidatiation enzmyes needed by the cell [question]

Output: Peroxisomes


Input: [answer] storehouse for chemicals needed by the cell [question]

Output: Vacules


Input: [answer] Structures that clean the cell [question]

Output: Basal Bodies


Input: [answer] A tough outer membrane that supports and protects the plant cell [question]

Output: Cell wall


Input: [answer] Rod-shaped structures responsible for animal cell reproduction [question]

Output: Centrioles


Input: [answer] The center of the nucleus that resembles a golf ball and houses all of the genes, chromosomes and their needed material [question]

Output: Nucleocleus


Input: [answer] Hereditary structures that contain the genes which determine the hereditary information contained in the cell [question]

Output: Chromosomes


Input: [answer] Used by the cell to provide energy, maintenence, growth, and reproduction [question]

Output: Proteins


Input: [answer] Proteins broken down by protein degradation [question]

Output: amino acids


Input: [answer] The process of combining amino acids to produce peptide chains to reconstruct proteins [question]

Output: Protein synthesis


Input: [answer] Every organism receives a trait from the mother and a trait from the father. One trait may have dominance and mask the recessive trait to keep it from showing in the offspring. Dominant traits are usually the darker, larger, or heavier of the two [question]

Output: Law of Dominance


Input: [answer] Genes separate into single units at the time the egg and sperm unite. Each character links with a like character to form a gene. It is segregation that assures each parent contributes equally to the offspring [question]

Output: Law of Segregation and recombinant


Input: [answer] Each unit or character for a trait is independent distributed to link with a like gene to form another pair. There is no pattern to their separation and rejoining to form the genes for the potential offspring [question]

Output: Law of Independent Assortment


Input: [answer] Genes are located on chromosomes. This law forms the basis for the study of genetics [question]

Output: Sutton's Law


Input: [answer] Based on population studies, states that in a population at equilibrium, both genes and genotypic frequencies remain constant from generation to generation. Each trait whether recessive or dominant has an equal chance to exert its influence [question]

Output: Hardy -Weinberg Law


Input: [answer] Part of a chromosome that codes for a certain hereditary trait [question]

Output: Gene


Input: [answer] A rod-shaped body formed in the genes found in the cell nucleus [question]

Output: Chromosome


Input: [answer] The genetic makeup of an organism or the set of genes that it possesses. This is always expressed in capital letters for dominance or small letters for recessive traits [question]

Output: Genotype


Input: [answer] The outward visible appearance or expression of gene action. It is the heredity makeup of an organism that we see or measure [question]

Output: Phenotype


Input: [answer] Chromosomes bearing genes for the same characters [question]

Output: Homologous Chromosomes


Input: [answer] 1857 1. Law of Dominance 2. Law of Segregation and Recombinant 3. Law of Independent Assortment [question]

Output: Mendel's Law of Genetics


Input: [answer] An indentical pair of alleles on homologous chromosomes for any given trait [question]

Output: Homozygous Trait


Input: [answer] A mixed pair of alleles on homologous chromosomes for any given trait [question]

Output: Heterozygous Trait


Input: [answer] Refers to an organism carrying unlike genes for certain traits. "Best of Both" [question]

Output: Hybrid


Input: [answer] Sudden appearance of a new trait or variation which is inherited [question]

Output: Mutation


Input: [answer] Method used to predict probable outcomes of a particular genetic cross [question]

Output: Punnet's Square


Input: [answer] Unicellular organisms [question]

Output: Precambrian era


Input: [answer] Multicellular animals and fern-like plants originated [question]

Output: Paleozoic Era


Input: [answer] Birds, mammals, reptiles, and flowering plants orginated- Dinosaurs [question]

Output: Mesozoic Era


Input: [answer] Radiation of birds, mammals, reptiles, and flowering plants florished [question]

Output: Cenozoic Era


Input: [answer] Scientific classification of plants and animals [question]

Output: Binomal Nomenclature


Input: [answer] Kingdoms, phylum class, order, family,genus,species [question]

Output: Levels of Classifications


Input: [answer] organisms change to adapt to their enviroments and evolve into entirely different organisms [question]

Output: Speciation


Input: [answer] activation energy, potential energy, kinetic energy [question]

Output: three types of energy


Input: [answer] energy necessary to start a reaction [question]

Output: Activation energy


Input: [answer] stored energy [question]

Output: Potential energy


Input: [answer] Energy matter possesses due to motion [question]

Output: Kinetic energy


Input: [answer] under ordinary conditions, matter or energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can change into different forms [question]

Output: Law of conservation of matter or energy


Input: [answer] The property of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers [question]

Output: Periodic Law


Input: [answer] The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom [question]

Output: Atomic numbers


Input: [answer] Vertical columns represent the chemical families. Horizontial rows represent the period or row [question]

Output: Periodic Table


Input: [answer] All matter is composed of extremely small particles 2. Particles making up all matter are in constant motion 3. When these particles collide with each other or with walls of the container, there is no loss of energy [question]

Output: Kinetic Model


Input: [answer] A reaction that gives off energy [question]

Output: exothermic reaction


Input: [answer] A reaction that absorbs energy [question]

Output: Endothermic reaction


Input: [answer] Combustion [question]

Output: Decompostion Reaction


Input: [answer] Water solutions of acids conduct electricity, acids will react w/ metals 3. acids will react w/ bases resulting in both a loss of water and the leaving of a salt4. acids will react w/ carbonates to release carbon dioxide [question]

Output: Acids


Input: [answer] Bases are conducters of electricity in strong solutions2. Bases react w/acids to neutralize each other form a salt & water [question]

Output: bases


Input: [answer] Reactions that do not occur spontanously can be forced by an external supply of energy [question]

Output: Electrolytic reaction


Input: [answer] Formed by mixing a solute and a solvent [question]

Output: Solution


Input: [answer] A compound of two or more elements chemically combined in a definite ratio by weight [question]

Output: Law of Definite Composition


Input: [answer] a statement that fits new facts, uses inductive and deductive reasoning, successfully predicts what is found in nature [question]

Output: Scientific Law


Input: [answer] produced by a machine that is a device for multiplying forces or changing the directions of forces [question]

Output: Mechanical Energy


Input: [answer] Any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart [question]

Output: Law of Gravatation


Input: [answer] The direction of an induced current is always such that its magnetic field opposes the operation that causes it. Basis for generator design [question]

Output: Lenz's Law


Input: [answer] The current in a wire is proportional to the potential difference between the ends of the wire [question]

Output: Ohm's Law


Input: [answer] The angle of the incidence equals the angle of reflection- sunlight shows this law [question]

Output: Law of Reflection


Input: [answer] Light rays passing through a tranparent substance are bent or refracted; the thicker the substance will be. the incident ray and the refracted ray both lie on the same plane [question]

Output: Law of Refraction


Input: [answer] 1. motion in a straight line will have constant velocity. all other motion is judged from this frame of reference 2. The speed of light in empty space will always have the same value regardless of the motion of the source or the motion of the observer [question]

Output: Einstein's theory


Input: [answer] momentum is the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity [question]

Output: Momentum


Input: [answer] The resistance an object has to change in its state of motion [question]

Output: Inertia


Input: [answer] Product of acceleration [question]

Output: Force


Input: [answer] When the forces on two opposite sides are equal. Thus this produces an action-reaction situation [question]

Output: Parallel Force


Input: [answer] Rate of doing work per unit of time [question]

Output: Power


Input: [answer] direct contact with another body and heat is transferred [question]

Output: Conduction


Input: [answer] traveling on one plane [question]

Output: Polarization


Input: [answer] Energy is carried by this [question]

Output: Electrical circuit


Input: [answer] The amount of acceleration is directly proportional to the acting force and inversely proportional to mass. Acceleration is equal to the change in speed divided by the time interval [question]

Output: Law of acceleration


Input: [answer] The force that acts between materials moving past each other [question]

Output: Friction


Input: [answer] A moving stream of gas or liquid appears to exert less sideways pressure than if it were at rest [question]

Output: Bernoulli's Law


Input: [answer] An immersed object is pushed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Buoyancy [question]

Output: Archimedes Principle


Input: [answer] If the temperature of a gas remains constant, volume equals pressure. Inflating a tire [question]

Output: Boyle's Law


Input: [answer] The volume of gas increases as its temperture increases, if the pressure stays the same. - increased volume on tires in warm weather [question]

Output: Charles' Law


Input: [answer] The amount of stretch or compression, x, is directly proportional to the applied force. Elasticity [question]

Output: Hooke's Law


Input: [answer] Every body remains at rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by forces from the outside [question]

Output: Newton's 1st Law- law of Inertia


Input: [answer] The acceleration of an object increases as the amount of net force applied from outside the object increases [question]

Output: Newton's second law- Law of constant acceration


Input: [answer] To every action there is an equal and opposition reaction [question]

Output: Newton's Third Law- Law of conservation of momentum


Input: [answer] In the absence of friction, energy stored in a machine remains constant and work done on the machine [question]

Output: Law of conservation of mechanical energy


Input: [answer] Earth is gradually changing and will continue to change [question]

Output: Hutton's theory


Input: [answer] Semidiurnal- 2 tides each morning and evening 2. diurnal 1 tide each am and pm 3. mixed -varies [question]

Output: Types of tides


Input: [answer] Immanual Kant - Earth evolved from a rotating cloud of gases or nebula [question]

Output: Nebular hypothesis


Input: [answer] Giant pieces of material broke away from the sun and became planets, triggered by a supernova [question]

Output: Collision hypothesis


Input: [answer] layers formed by the settling of rock and soil particles [question]

Output: Stratification


Input: [answer] scale used to measure time and date of events [question]

Output: Stratigraphic time scale


Input: [answer] Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic [question]

Output: Rock classifications


Input: [answer] rocks that were solidified or hardened from the cooling of molten materials- volanic rocks- granite, rhyolite, pumice, obsidian [question]

Output: Igneous rock


Input: [answer] formed normal earth tempertures and pressure from accumulation of weathered debris- breccia, sandstone, shale, and limestone [question]

Output: Sedimentary rock


Input: [answer] Rocks that have been transformed by pressure or chemicals. Garnet, graphite, turmaline, serpentine, marble, slate, and greiss [question]

Output: Metamorphic rock


Input: [answer] are selectively permable [question]

Output: Cellular membranes


Input: [answer] All life comes from pre-existing life [question]

Output: Biogenesis


Input: [answer] Can synthesis their food from inorganic materials [question]

Output: Autotrophic organisms


Input: [answer] Cannot synthesis their food from inorganic materials [question]

Output: Heterotrophic organisms


Input: [answer] growth producing substances found in plants [question]

Output: Gibberellins and auxins


Input: [answer] The total weight of photoplasm in a community [question]

Output: Biomass


Input: [answer] The matured ovary of a flower [question]

Output: Fruit


Input: [answer] motor nerve impulses travel along these from the central nervous system [question]

Output: Ventral root axioms


Input: [answer] travel to the cns along dorsal roots [question]

Output: Sensory impulses


Input: [answer] Protons = electrons , neutrons number signifies the different types of isotopes [question]

Output: Constituents of an atom


Input: [answer] To direct cells to produce specific proteins [question]

Output: The function of genes


Input: [answer] e [question]

Output: (blank)


Input: [answer] The raw materials worked on [question]

Output: Enzymes are specific to


Input: [answer] cell drinking - engulfing particles and breaking them down [question]

Output: pinocytosis


Input: [answer] A wave of depolarization passing along a nerve fiber [question]

Output: A nerve impulse


Input: [answer] Adensine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine [question]

Output: DNA consists of


Input: [answer] Theophrastus [question]

Output: The father of botany


Input: [answer] discovered oxygen [question]

Output: Priestly


Input: [answer] heliocentric concept of the universe [question]

Output: Copernicus


Input: [answer] study of chemistry [question]

Output: Boyle


Input: [answer] The laws of motion [question]

Output: Newton


Input: [answer] scatter light, known as the Tyndall effect [question]

Output: Colloidal particles


Input: [answer] The smallest particles possessing properties of elements [question]

Output: Atoms


Input: [answer] tiny packages of energy that make up light [question]

Output: Photons


Input: [answer] wavelengths of reflected light [question]

Output: Color


Input: [answer] used to measure electric current [question]

Output: Galvanometer


Input: [answer] switches electricity on and off and amplifies weak electrical currents [question]

Output: transistor


Input: [answer] are unstable [question]

Output: supersaturated solutions


Input: [answer] unit of electrical resistance [question]

Output: Ohm


Input: [answer] The ability to do work [question]

Output: energy


Input: [answer] have a positive charge [question]

Output: Protons


Input: [answer] The force of gravity upon an object [question]

Output: Weight


Input: [answer] carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus [question]

Output: proteins contain


Input: [answer] alpha, beta, and gamma rays [question]

Output: radioactive decay may give off


Input: [answer] Modified in various directions to meet different modes of life is adaptive radation [question]

Output: Homologous Structures


Input: [answer] a solution with an osmotic pressure equal to the reference solution [question]

Output: Isotonic solution


Input: [answer] Has no effect on enzyme activity [question]

Output: Humidity


Input: [answer] occurs when cell membranes expend energy to transport ions and molecules in and out of cells [question]

Output: Active transport


Input: [answer] combines oxygen and organic compounds to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water [question]

Output: Cellular respiration


Input: [answer] absence of light stimulate stim growth and results in the failure of chlorophyll synthesis [question]

Output: Etiolation


Input: [answer] lack xylem and phleom [question]

Output: Thallophytes


Input: [answer] basic food in many food chains [question]

Output: algae


Input: [answer] used in selected genetic -engineering activites [question]

Output: e coli


Input: [Question] condensation [Answer]

Output: happens when a substance changes from a gas to a liquid


Input: [Question] sublimation [Answer]

Output: happens when a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas


Input: [Question] freezing point [Answer]

Output: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid


Input: [Question] boiling point [Answer]

Output: the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to a gas


Input: [Question] melting point [Answer]

Output: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid


Input: [Question] evaporation [Answer]

Output: happens when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas


Input: [Question] thermal expansion [Answer]

Output: the increase in an object's volume due to a change in heat


Input: [Question] thermal contraction [Answer]

Output: the decrease in an object's volume due to a change in heat


Input: [Question] 3 states of matter [Answer]

Output: solid, liquid, gas


Input: [Question] solid [Answer]

Output: molecules are tightly packed allowing very little room for movement


Input: [Question] liquid [Answer]

Output: molecules move more freely and take on the shape of its container and has a definate volume


Input: [Question] gas [Answer]

Output: molecules are far apart and has no definate volume or shape


Input: [Question] heat [Answer]

Output: the removal or addition of this causes matter to change states


Input: [Question] dew or moisture on outside of a soda can [Answer]

Output: example of condensation


Input: [Question] dry ice [Answer]

Output: example of sublimation


Input: [Definition] passing of traits from parents to offspring [Genetics]

Output: heredity


Input: [Definition] specific characteristics of [Genetics]

Output: traits


Input: [Definition] organisms with two identical alleles for the same trait [Genetics]

Output: homozygous


Input: [Definition] organisms with 2 different alleles for the same trait [Genetics]

Output: heterozygous


Input: [Definition] physical characteristic [Genetics]

Output: phenotype


Input: [Definition] genetic characteristic, set of genes [Genetics]

Output: genotype


Input: [Definition] stronger of the 2 alleles, is expressed [Genetics]

Output: dominant


Input: [Definition] weaker of the 2 genes, is usually masked by stronger alleles [Genetics]

Output: recessive


Input: [Definition] one form of a trait [Genetics]

Output: allele


Input: [Answer] A sum of money given from one party to another for use over a period of time. The money is paid back according to terms agreed upon by both parties, including the specified interest rates and the timeframe over which the loan will be repaid. [Question]

Output: Loan


Input: [Answer] A plastic card which allows you to pay for goods or services. If you are in a shop, the cashier will insert your card into a machine and you will usually have to type in your PIN. The money is usually taken almost immediately from your account. [Question]

Output: Debit Card


Input: [Answer] A standing order moves money from your own bank account to another account. This might be to an organisation or an individual, or perhaps from your current account to your savings account. [Question]

Output: Standing Order


Input: [Answer] An instruction from you to your bank or building society allowing someone to take money from your account. The amount of money taken can vary, but you must be told the amounts and dates beforehand. [Question]

Output: Direct Debit


Input: [Answer] Product that generally involves some risk of losing your original money but give you the opportunity of better returns than you would get from savings only. [Question]

Output: Investments


Input: [Answer] A loan to help you buy property on condition that the company giving you the loan has certain rights, including the right to sell the property if you don’t pay back the loan. Credit facilities are only available to persons over 18 years of age. [Question]

Output: Mortgages


Input: [Answer] This is a way to protect something that has worth to you which is at risk of damage and loss in value. The insured person pays an amount each month or year (called a premium) to the insurance provider. [Question]

Output: Insurance


Input: [Answer] A cheque is a written order which instructs your bank to pay a specific amount of money from your account to another person or organisation [Question]

Output: Cheque


Input: [Answer] In banking, this means the amount of money in your bank account [Question]

Output: Balance


Input: [Answer] Changing money from one currency to another [Question]

Output: Currency exchange


Input: [Answer] PIN stands for Personal Identification Number. This is the four-digit number that you enter into an ATM when you want to take out cash, and that you use when you pay with your chip and PIN card. Never give this number to anyone, or write it down [Question]

Output: PIN


Input: [Answer] Each slip includes details to identify your bank account. You might need to complete a paying-in slip each time you go to the bank to pay cash or cheques into your account. [Question]

Output: Paying in slip


Input: [Answer] Money put into an account, using cash, cheque or an electronic transaction [Question]

Output: Deposit


Input: [Answer] Cash withdrawal machines dispense money from your account, as well as providing information about your bank balance and some other services. Cash withdrawal machines are also known as ATMs (Automatic Teller Machines [Question]

Output: Cash withdrawal machine


Input: [Answer] A crime in which people obtain money through deliberate deception of organisations or individuals [Question]

Output: Fraud


Input: [Question] Cultural Diffusion [Answer]

Output: The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area


Input: [Question] Time-Distance Decay [Answer]

Output: The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source


Input: [Question] Cultural Barrier [Answer]

Output: Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certain innovations, ideas or practices unacceptable or unadpoted in that particular culture


Input: [Question] Exapansion Diffusion [Answer]

Output: The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows conitnually larger, resulting in an expanding area of dissemination


Input: [Question] Contagious Diffusion [Answer]

Output: The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person- analogous to the communication of a contagious illness.


Input: [Question] Hierarchial Diffusion [Answer]

Output: A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or people.


Input: [Question] Stimulous Diffusion [Answer]

Output: A form of diffusion in which a cultural adaption is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait or another place.


Input: [Question] Relocation Diffusion [Answer]

Output: Sequential diffusion process in which the items being diffused are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate to new ones.


Input: [Question] Geographic Concept [Answer]

Output: Ways of seeing the world spatially that are used by geographers in answering research questions


Input: [Question] Environmental Determinism [Answer]

Output: The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects


Input: [Question] Isotherm [Answer]

Output: Line on a map connecting points of equal temperature values


Input: [Question] Possiblism [Answer]

Output: Geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism- that holds that human decision making, not the environment, is the crucial factor in cultural development.


Input: [Question] Political Ecology [Answer]

Output: An approach to studying nature- society relations that is concerned with the ways in which environmental issues both reflect, and are the result of, the political and socioeconomic contexts in which they are situated.


Input: [Question] Cultural Ecology [Answer]

Output: The multiple interactions and relationships between a culture and the natural environment.


Input: [Question] Things that are required in order to live [Answer]

Output: Needs


Input: [Question] Raw materials supplied by nature [Answer]

Output: Natural Resources


Input: [Question] Not having enough resources to satisfy every need or want [Answer]

Output: Scarcity


Input: [Question] Things that are intangible and have to physical characteristics [Answer]

Output: Services


Input: [Question] Those who buy and use goods and services [Answer]

Output: Consumers


Input: [Question] Things that add comfort and pleasure to your life [Answer]

Output: Wants


Input: [Question] people producing goods and services [Answer]

Output: Human Resources


Input: [Question] Things that you can see and touch [Answer]

Output: Goods


Input: [Question] When you give up something to have something else [Answer]

Output: Trade-off


Input: [Question] Those who determine which products and services will be available [Answer]

Output: Producers


Input: [Answer] rapid assessment accomplished in short time by visual detection providing info about gross dental and oral lesions, can be accomplished w/ tongue blade, dental mirror4, appropriate lighting [Question]

Output: basic screening


Input: [Answer] standardization of examiners as they apply epidemiologic measurements [Question]

Output: calibration


Input: [Answer] factors/events capable of bringing about change in health; various factors that make up multi-factorial approach to disease/health condition [Question]

Output: determinants


Input: [Answer] usual presence of disease in particular geographic region [Question]

Output: endemic


Input: [Answer] occurrence of illness/condition in excess of normal expectancy in community/region, usually occurring suddenly and spreading rapidly [Question]

Output: epidemic


Input: [Answer] detailed visual-tactile assessment accomplished w/ dental instruments and light source in survey, provides more detailed info than basic screening, differs from clinical exam b/c doesn't have clinical diagnosis and resulting tx plan [Question]

Output: epidemiologic exam


Input: [Answer] study of frequency and distribution of disease, disability, and death in pop. including nature, cause, control and determinants of health and disease, related factors [Question]

Output: epidemiology


Input: [Answer] elimination of infectious disease agent through surveillance and containment, contrasted to control, keeps disease at minimum level so no longer poses health problem [Question]

Output: eradication


Input: [Answer] rate of new cases of disease during/over given time period [Question]

Output: incidence


Input: [Answer] agreement among two of more examiners as they apply index/instrument over time [Question]

Output: interexaminer reliability


Input: [Answer] consistency of single examiner in application of index/instrument over times [Question]

Output: intraexaminer reliability


Input: [Answer] extent of disease,injury,disability in defined population [Question]

Output: mobidity


Input: [Answer] death rate resulting from specific disease/condition [Question]

Output: mortality


Input: [Answer] concept that more than single cause must be present for disease/health condition to occur; multiple causation [Question]

Output: mutlifactorial


Input: [Answer] epidemic in which disease may cross international borders to affect several countries/continents [Question]

Output: pandemic


Input: [Answer] change of measurement made in error in logical direction [Question]

Output: positive reversal


Input: [Answer] ability of diagnostic test measure presence and absence of disease [Question]

Output: predictive value


Input: [Answer] ability of a test to accurately identify the absence of disease/condition [Question]

Output: specificity


Input: [Answer] numerical expression of # of all existing cases of disease/health condition in pop. measured at given point/period of time [Question]

Output: prevalence


Input: [Answer] ongoing observation, assessing changes in populations related to disease, conditions, injuries, disabilities, death trends [Question]

Output: surveillance


Input: [Answer] long-term changes/movements in disease patterns and health-related conditions identified by examining surveillance data [Question]

Output: trend


Input: [Answer] accuracy of measurement produced by measuring what is supposed to be measured [Question]

Output: validity


Input: [Answer] to conduct in-depth report on single person, group, event, situation [Question]

Output: case study


Input: [Answer] to study same population over extended period of time [Question]

Output: Cohort(longitudinal)


Input: [Answer] to study cross-section of population in limited period of time [Question]

Output: cross-sectional


Input: [Answer] to investigate case and effect relationship, involves manipulation of variables [Question]

Output: experimental (prospective)


Input: [Answer] causation for disease/condition [Question]

Output: etiology


Input: [Question] The approach to motivation that forced psychologists to consider the hereditary factors in motivation was the ______ approach. [Answer]

Output: Instinct


Input: [Question] The need for money is an example of a(n) _______ drive. [Answer]

Output: Acquired


Input: [Question] Jocelyn needs to be the one whose ideas are always used and craves prestige among others. She drives an expensive car and wears nothing but the most expensive clothes. Jocelyn is high in the need for ________. [Answer]

Output: Power


Input: [Question] People who are always looking for a challenge may be high in the need for ________. [Answer]

Output: Achievement


Input: [Question] Evidence from a study with 2- year-olds who were given an opportunity to explore a black box with a hole in it suggests that sensation seeking may be _________. [Answer]

Output: Acquired over time


Input: [Question] Gene is trying to choose a snack. The fact that Gene feels drawn to choose the candy bar instead of the fruit is an example of the power of _________. [Answer]

Output: Incentives


Input: [Question] According to Maslow, a person who wants to become self-actualized must first satisfy ________. [Answer]

Output: More basic needs such as food and safety


Input: [Question] Shontia works at a day care center. The pay is low and the hours are long, but she loves being around children and has no desire to look for a higher-paying job. Motivation appears to be _______. [Answer]

Output: Intrinsic


Input: [Question] When we eat, the pancreas releases _________, which lowers blood sugar and can increase the feeling of hunger. [Answer]

Output: Insulin


Input: [Question] The structure in the brain that, when damaged, causes rats to stop eating is called the _______. [Answer]

Output: Later Hypothalamus


Input: [Question] The rate at which your body burns energy when at rest is called the ________. [Answer]

Output: Basal metabolic rate


Input: [Question] According to Rodin, externals are people who may produce insulin in response to anticipating food as a result of __________. [Answer]

Output: Classical Conditioning


Input: [Question] If there is a history of obesity in a family, each family member has ___________ of becoming obese compared to people without such a family history. [Answer]

Output: Double or triple the risk


Input: [Question] Leptin is a _________ involved in appetite control. [Answer]

Output: Hormone


Input: [Question] Unlike anorexics, bulimics ________. [Answer]

Output: may appear to be normal weight


Input: [Question] The role of _________, a neurotransmitter that is also implicated in obesity, may provide clues to both bulimia and anorexia. [Answer]

Output: Serotonin


Input: [Question] Your heart is racing, your breathing is rapid, and your mouth is dry. What emotion are you experiencing? [Answer]

Output: Not Possible to distinguish


Input: [Question] The __________ theory of emotion would predict that people with spinal cord injuries that prevent them from experiencing sympathetic arousal would show decreased emotion. [Answer]

Output: Cannon-Bard


Input: [Question] In Schachter and Singer's classic study, participants were physically aroused by ________. [Answer]

Output: Receiving epinephrine


Input: [Question] The theory of emotion that owes a lot to Darwin's work is the _________ theory. [Answer]

Output: Facial feedback


Input: [Question] Researchers have found that the human brain _______. [Answer]

Output: Can respond to a threat before it becomes conscious of the threat.


Input: [Question] According to Myers, which of the following would not lead to increased happiness? [Answer]

Output: Focusing on oneself


Input: [Answer] Cook food in oven without adding liquid or fat. [Question]

Output: Dry Heat


Input: [Answer] cook food in dry heat in oven [Question]

Output: Baking and Roasting


Input: [Answer] Cook by direct heat from above [Question]

Output: Broiling


Input: [Answer] Use hot liquid or steam to cook food. [Question]

Output: Moist Heat


Input: [Answer] When bubble rise up continuously and break the surface of the liquid [Question]

Output: Boiling


Input: [Answer] Cook food gently until done, bubbles do not rise to surface. [Question]

Output: Simmering


Input: [Answer] Place a steam basket in pan over small amount of water [Question]

Output: Steaming


Input: [Answer] To cook in fat [Question]

Output: Fry


Input: [Answer] When food is covered in a large amount of fat [Question]

Output: Deep-Fat Frying


Input: [Answer] food is cooked in a pan in a small amount for fat. [Question]

Output: Panfrying


Input: [Answer] Food is fried in a small amount of oil then finished with moist heat. [Question]

Output: Braising


Input: [Answer] Food is cooked quickly in a small amount of oil then finished by steaming. [Question]

Output: Stir-Frying


Input: [Answer] a form of panfrying [Question]

Output: Saute


Input: [Answer] Needs [Question]

Output: Things that are required in order to live


Input: [Answer] Natural Resources [Question]

Output: Raw materials supplied by nature


Input: [Answer] Scarcity [Question]

Output: Not having enough resources to satisfy every need or want


Input: [Answer] Services [Question]

Output: Things that are intangible and have to physical characteristics


Input: [Answer] Consumers [Question]

Output: Those who buy and use goods and services


Input: [Answer] Wants [Question]

Output: Things that add comfort and pleasure to your life


Input: [Answer] Human Resources [Question]

Output: people producing goods and services


Input: [Answer] Goods [Question]

Output: Things that you can see and touch


Input: [Answer] Trade-off [Question]

Output: When you give up something to have something else


Input: [Answer] Producers [Question]

Output: Those who determine which products and services will be available


Input: [Question] Technology [Answer]

Output: how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems


Input: [Question] Observing [Answer]

Output: using one or more of your senses to gather information


Input: [Question] Classifying [Answer]

Output: the process of grouping together items that are alike in some way


Input: [Question] Inferring [Answer]

Output: when you explain or interpret things you observe


Input: [Question] Predicting [Answer]

Output: making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence


Input: [Question] Qualitative Observations [Answer]

Output: observations that deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in numbers


Input: [Question] Quantitative Observations [Answer]

Output: observations that deal with a number or amount


Input: [Question] Making Models [Answer]

Output: creating representations of complex objects or processes


Input: [Question] Biologist [Answer]

Output: a scientist who studies living things


Input: [Question] Engineer [Answer]

Output: a person who is trained to use both technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems


Input: [Question] Life Science [Answer]

Output: same as biology - the study of living things


Input: [Question] Controlled Experiment [Answer]

Output: an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time


Input: [Question] Variable [Answer]

Output: factor that can change in an experiment


Input: [Question] Manipulated Variable [Answer]

Output: same as indipendent variable - the one variable that is pruposely changed to test a hypothesis


Input: [Question] Responding Variable [Answer]

Output: same a dependent variable - the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable


Input: [Question] Hypothesis [Answer]

Output: a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question


Input: [Question] Explain the difference between science and technology. [Answer]

Output: Science is the study of the natural world, while technology changes the natural world to meet human needs.


Input: [Question] How are science and technology related? [Answer]

Output: Technology requires the application of scientific knowledge. In turn technology may be used by scientists in their research. Advances in technology contribute to advances in science, and advances in science contribute to advances in technology.


Input: [Question] Thinking and questioning is the start of what process? [Answer]

Output: the process of scientific inquiry


Input: [Question] Name some ways scientists can communicate their results. [Answer]

Output: They can give talks at scientific meetings, exchange information on the Internet, and publish articles in scientific journals.


Input: [Question] Name some safety precautions for field investigations. [Answer]

Output: Be prepared, use common sense, and never go alone.


Input: [Question] What is the goal of technology? [Answer]

Output: to improve the way people live


Input: [Question] How can technology have both positive and negative consequences on society? (Give an example.) [Answer]

Output: PESTICIDES --- Positive: greater food production, feed more people --- Negative: can be washed into water supplies (rivers and streams) by rain, harmful to people if food containing pesticides is eaten


Input: [Question] What is an endoscope? [Answer]

Output: an instrument for viewing internal organs


Input: [Question] Explain how this invention represents the relationship between science and technology. [Answer]

Output: Scientists explained how light travels through substances, and technologists were able to use this knowledge to design optical fibers and endoscopes.


Input: [Question] Mass [Answer]

Output: the total amount of matter in any object


Input: [Question] Weight [Answer]

Output: the measurement of the force of gravity on an object


Input: [Question] Volume [Answer]

Output: the amount of space that matter occupies


Input: [Question] Density [Answer]

Output: the mass of a certain volume of a material or mass per unit volume (how much mass is contained in a given volume) (D=m/v)


Input: [Question] Triple Beam Balance [Answer]

Output: used to measure mass


Input: [Question] What is the SI unit of length? [Answer]

Output: the meter


Input: [Question] What is the SI unit of volume? [Answer]

Output: the liter


Input: [Question] How do we measure the volume of a rectangular solid? [Answer]

Output: length x width x height


Input: [Question] What is the density of water? [Answer]

Output: 1 gram per cm cubed, or 1 g/mL


Input: [Question] Be able to calculate metric conversions. You need to know the metric staircase. [Answer]

Output: 3 km = 3,000 m 2 m = 2,000 mm 3,000 mg = .03 hg 165 cg = .00165 kg


Input: [Question] Be able to calculate density. [Answer]

Output: D= M/V


Input: [Question] Basic industries [Answer]

Output: Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Question] Business services [Answer]

Output: Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services.


Input: [Question] central business district [Answer]

Output: The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered.


Input: [Question] central place [Answer]

Output: A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area.


Input: [Question] central place theory [Answer]

Output: A distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller ones and provide services for a larger # of people who are willing to travel farther.


Input: [Question] city-stare [Answer]

Output: A sovereignty state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland.


Input: [Question] clustered rural settlement [Answer]

Output: A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are close to each other and fields surround the settlement.


Input: [Question] Consumer services [Answer]

Output: Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services.


Input: [Question] Dispersed rural settlement [Answer]

Output: A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages.


Input: [Question] economic base [Answer]

Output: A communities collection of basic industries.


Input: [Question] enclosure movement [Answer]

Output: A process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of large farms in England during the eighteenth century.


Input: [Question] gravity model [Answer]

Output: A model that holds the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.


Input: [Question] Market area (or hinterland) [Answer]

Output: The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services.


Input: [Question] Nonbasic industries [Answer]

Output: Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.


Input: [Question] Primate City [Answer]

Output: The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second -ranking settlement.


Input: [Question] Primate city rule [Answer]

Output: A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second ranking settlement.


Input: [Question] Public services [Answer]

Output: Services offered by government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses.


Input: [Question] Range (of a service) [Answer]

Output: The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.


Input: [Question] Rank-size rule [Answer]

Output: A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.


Input: [Question] Service [Answer]

Output: Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.


Input: [Question] Settlement [Answer]

Output: A permanent collection of building and inhabitants.


Input: [Question] Threshold [Answer]

Output: The minimum number of people needed to support the service.


Input: [Question] Psychographics combine what 3 variables? [Answer]

Output: 1. Values 2. Personality 3. Lifestyle


Input: [Question] What is one of the most widely known psychographic tool? [Answer]

Output: Values and Life Style Survey (VALS)


Input: [Question] VALS is used for what 2 things? [Answer]

Output: 1. identify potential target markets 2. understand how to communicate with consumers


Input: [Question] VALS includes only items that relate to __________. [Answer]

Output: consumer behavior


Input: [Question] What are the 4 VALS types? [Answer]

Output: 1. Innovators 2. Thinkers 3. Believers 4. Achievers


Input: [Question] What are innovators? [Answer]

Output: individuals that take charge and are sophisticated and curious


Input: [Question] What is the primary motivation of innovators? [Answer]

Output: achievement


Input: [Question] What are thinkers? [Answer]

Output: individuals that are reflective, informed and content


Input: [Question] What is the primary motivation of thinkers? [Answer]

Output: ideals


Input: [Question] What are believers? [Answer]

Output: individuals that are literal, loyal and moralistic


Input: [Question] What is the primary motivation of believers? [Answer]

Output: ideals


Input: [Question] What are achievers? [Answer]

Output: individuals that are goal-oriented, brand-conscious and conventional


Input: [Question] What is the primary motivation of achievers? [Answer]

Output: achievement


Input: [Question] Which 2 VALS types are motivated by achievement? [Answer]

Output: Innovators and Achievers


Input: [Question] Which 2 VALS types are motivated by ideals? [Answer]

Output: Thinkers and Believers


Input: [Question] What are the 4 ways to create value for targeted customers? [Answer]

Output: Segmentation, Targeting, Differentiation and Positioning


Input: [Question] What is Segmentation? [Answer]

Output: dividing the whole market into smaller segments that might require separate marketing strategies


Input: [Question] What is Targeting? [Answer]

Output: selecting the segment(s) to enter


Input: [Question] What is Differentiation? [Answer]

Output: differentiating the market offering to create superior customer value


Input: [Question] What is Positioning? [Answer]

Output: positioning the market offering in the minds of target customers


Input: [Question] __________ and __________ select which customers to serve. [Answer]

Output: Segmentation ; Targeting


Input: [Question] __________ and __________ decide on a value proposition. [Answer]

Output: Differentiation ; Positioning


Input: [Question] What are values? [Answer]

Output: enduring beliefs that a given behavior or outcome is good


Input: [Question] Values serve as standards for what? [Answer]

Output: guiding behavior across situations and over time


Input: [Question] True/False: We are usually consciously aware of values. [Answer]

Output: False - We are sometimes NOT consciously aware of values.


Input: [Question] Values are learnt by __________. [Answer]

Output: socialization


Input: [Question] What is the value system? [Answer]

Output: our total set of values


Input: [Question] The value system is usually in place by what age? [Answer]

Output: 10


Input: [Question] What are the 4 specific values? [Answer]

Output: 1. Global 2. Terminal 3. Instrumental 4. Domain-Specific


Input: [Question] What are global values? [Answer]

Output: highly enduring, strongly held and abstract values that apply in many situations


Input: [Question] Global values represent the __________ of an individual's value system. [Answer]

Output: core


Input: [Question] What are terminal values? [Answer]

Output: highly desired end states


Input: [Question] Social recognition and pleasure are which values? [Answer]

Output: terminal values


Input: [Question] Ambition and cheerfulness are which values? [Answer]

Output: instrumental values


Input: [Question] What are instrumental values? [Answer]

Output: values needed to achieve the desired end state


Input: [Question] What are domain-specific values? [Answer]

Output: values that may be relevant only in particular areas of activity


Input: [Question] Achievement of one or more domain-specific values might be instrumental in achieving one or more __________ values. [Answer]

Output: global


Input: [Question] What are 10 domain-specific values that characterize Western culture? [Answer]

Output: 1. Materialism 2. Home 3. Work and Play 4. Individualism 5. Family and Children 6. Health 7. Hedonism 8. Youth 9. Environment 10. Technology


Input: [Question] Explain materialism as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: placing importance on money and material goods that make life more enjoyable


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of materialism? [Answer]

Output: "the good life"


Input: [Question] Explain home as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates interest in products that enable people to spend more time in their own home


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of home? [Answer]

Output: making the product attractive and comfortable


Input: [Question] Explain work and play as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates interest in products that increase productivity and enhances leisure-time activities


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of work and play? [Answer]

Output: valuing both the need to work and to enjoy leisure time


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of individualism? [Answer]

Output: being one's self


Input: [Question] Explain Family and Children as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates purchase of products that target family and children


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of family and children? [Answer]

Output: ensure family and children welfare


Input: [Question] Explain Health as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates acceptance of food products, activities and equipment perceived to maintain or increase physical fitness


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of health? [Answer]

Output: caring about one's body, including the desire to be physically fit and healthy


Input: [Question] Explain Hedonism as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates interest in products that provide pleasure and makes one feel good


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of hedonism? [Answer]

Output: pleasure seeking


Input: [Question] Explain Youth as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates the acceptance of products that provide the illusion of maintaining youth


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of youth? [Answer]

Output: a state of mind that stresses being young at heart


Input: [Question] Explain Environment as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates patronage of products that help the environment, prevent pollution and conserve natural resources


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of environment? [Answer]

Output: conservation of the environment and natural resources


Input: [Question] Explain Technology as a domain-specific value that characterizes Western culture. [Answer]

Output: stimulates acceptance of technology related products, especially those that work automatically (and thus are easier to use properly)


Input: [Question] What is the general feature of technology? [Answer]

Output: admiration of things employing technology and the belief that it improves the quality of life and makes life easier


Input: [Question] How do values differ cross-culturally across groups of consumers? [Answer]

Output: people in different cultures are exposed to different cultural experiences


Input: [Question] What are the 4 influences on values? [Answer]

Output: 1. Culture 2. Ethnic Identification 3. Social Class 4. Age


Input: [Question] What is culture? [Answer]

Output: a set of traditions, norms and beliefs that are held true by people living in a particular society


Input: [Question] According to Hofstede, culture varies along what 4 dimensions? [Answer]

Output: Individuals/Collectivism, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity/Femininity and Power Distance


Input: [Question] What is individualism? [Answer]

Output: preference for a loosely-knit social framework in which individuals primarily take care of themselves and their immediate family only


Input: [Question] What is collectivism? [Answer]

Output: preference for a tightly-knit social framework in which individuals take care of relatives in their extended family as well as members in their particular in-group


Input: [Question] What is uncertainty avoidance? [Answer]

Output: the degree to which the members of society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty/ambiguity


Input: [Question] Uncertainty avoidance explains how a society deals with the fact that the __________ can never be known. [Answer]

Output: future


Input: [Question] What is masculinity? [Answer]

Output: stresses masculine values such as being competitive, risk-taking and independent


Input: [Question] What is femininity? [Answer]

Output: stresses feminine values such as being caring, risk-averse and interdependent


Input: [Question] What is power distance? [Answer]

Output: whether and how much inequality is present in society


Input: [Question] How does ethnic identification influence values? [Answer]

Output: ethnic groups within a larger culture can have values that differ from those in other ethnic subcultures


Input: [Question] How does social class influence values? [Answer]

Output: different social classes hold specific values


Input: [Question] How does age influence values? [Answer]

Output: members of a generation often share similar values that differ from those of other generations


Input: [Question] What is the least obtrusive way to measure values? [Answer]

Output: make inferences based on a culture's milieu


Input: [Question] What is the means-end chain analysis? [Answer]

Output: technique showing that values are linked to product attributes


Input: [Question] Using information gained from the means-end chain analysis, researches do what? [Answer]

Output: work backward to uncover the values that drive consumer decisions


Input: [Question] Working backwards to uncover the values that drive consumer decisions provides the means to what? [Answer]

Output: a desired end state (terminal value)


Input: [Question] What is an example of means-end chain analysis? attribute: fewer calories [Answer]

Output: why is this important (benefit)? because I don't want to gain weight why not (instrumental value)? i want to be healthy why (terminal value)? to feel good about myself


Input: [Question] Marketers can directly assess values by using __________. [Answer]

Output: value questionnaires


Input: [Question] What are the 2 types of questionnaires? [Answer]

Output: Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) and List of Values (LOV)


Input: [Question] What is the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS)? [Answer]

Output: a self-administered survey that measures terminal values (personal goals) and instrumental values (ways of reaching personal goals)


Input: [Question] What is the List of Values (LOV)? [Answer]

Output: a value measurement survey that identifies customers' 2 most important values


Input: [Question] Where are these 2 most important values taken from? [Answer]

Output: a nine-value list based on the terminal values of the RVS


Input: [Question] What are the 4 marketing implications of values [Answer]

Output: 1. use values to determine consumption patterns 2. use values to segment markets 3. use values to develop new product ideas 4. use values to develop ad strategy


Input: [Question] What are consumption patterns? [Answer]

Output: consumers' preferences


Input: [Question] What 2 product types are segmented? [Answer]

Output: luxury products and functional products


Input: [Question] The more compatible the message, the more likely that what? [Answer]

Output: consumers are going to be involved and find it relevant


Input: [Question] What is personality? [Answer]

Output: distinctive and enduring patterns of thought, emotions and behaviors that characterize each individual's adaptation to the situations of their life


Input: [Question] Individual personality reflects the way people __________. [Answer]

Output: act


Input: [Question] What are the 3 natures of personality? [Answer]

Output: 1. reflects individual differences 2. consistent and enduring 3. can change


Input: [Question] What are the 3 research approaches to personality? [Answer]

Output: 1. Freudian Theory 2. Social-Psychological Theory 3. Trait Theory


Input: [Question] What are the 3 aspects of Freudian theory? [Answer]

Output: 1. Id 2. Superego 3. Ego


Input: [Question] What is id? [Answer]

Output: warehouse of primitive or instinctual needs for which individual seeks immediate satisfaction


Input: [Question] What is superego? [Answer]

Output: individual's internal expression of society's moral and ethical codes of conduct


Input: [Question] What is ego? [Answer]

Output: individual's monitor that balances the demands of the id and the superego


Input: [Question] True/False: Individuals are consciously aware of their true reasons for what they are buying. [Answer]

Output: False - Individuals are UNCONSCIOUSLY UNAWARE of their reasons for what they are buying.


Input: [Question] Consumption is a(n) __________ of the individual. [Answer]

Output: extension


Input: [Question] What is social-psychological theory? [Answer]

Output: theory that focuses on the social relationship that form personalities


Input: [Question] What are the 3 types of predominant mode of response? [Answer]

Output: 1. Compliant 2. Aggressive 3. Detached


Input: [Question] Explain compliant individuals. [Answer]

Output: one who desires to be loved, wanted and appreciated by others


Input: [Question] Compliant individuals move __________ other people. [Answer]

Output: towards


Input: [Question] Explain aggressive individuals. [Answer]

Output: one who competes with others, desires to excel and to win admiration


Input: [Question] Aggressive individuals move __________ other people. [Answer]

Output: against


Input: [Question] Explain detached individuals. [Answer]

Output: one who desires independence, self-sufficiency and freedom from obligations


Input: [Question] Detached individuals move __________ other people. [Answer]

Output: away from


Input: [Question] What is trait theory? [Answer]

Output: theory that proposes that personality is composed of characteristics that describe and differentiate individuals


Input: [Question] Trait theory focuses on the __________ measurement of personality traits. [Answer]

Output: quantitative


Input: [Question] What are the 5 specific traits that are relevant to consumer behavior? [Answer]

Output: 1. Innovativeness 2. Materialism 3. Need for Cognition 4. Frugality 5. Ethnocentrism


Input: [Question] Personality is linked to what 2 things? [Answer]

Output: 1. how consumers make their choices 2. consumption of a broad product category


Input: [Question] True/False: Personality is linked to the consumption of a specific brand category. [Answer]

Output: False - Personality is linked to the consumption of a BROAD PRODUCT category.


Input: [Question] What are the 9 types of personality characteristics that are more related to consumer behavior than others? [Answer]

Output: 1. Optimal stimulation level 2. Dogmatism 3. Need for uniqueness 4. Creativity 5. Susceptibility to influence 6. Frugality 7. Self-monitoring 8. National character 9. Need for cognition


Input: [Question] What is the optimal stimulation level? [Answer]

Output: people's preferred level of stimulation (arousal)


Input: [Question] What is usually the preferred level of stimulation? [Answer]

Output: moderate


Input: [Question] What id dogmatism? [Answer]

Output: tendency to be resistant to change or new/unfamiliar ideas


Input: [Question] Explain consumers that are low in dogmatism. [Answer]

Output: open-minded: more likely to prefer innovative products to established/traditional alternatives


Input: [Question] Explain consumers that are high in dogmatism. [Answer]

Output: closed-minded: tend to be resistant to new products, promotions and ads


Input: [Question] Highly dogmatic consumers tend to be more receptive to what kind of ads? [Answer]

Output: ads for new products that contain an appeal from an authoritative figure


Input: [Question] What is the need for uniqueness? [Answer]

Output: desire for novelty through the purchase, use and disposal of products


Input: [Question] What is creativity? [Answer]

Output: departure from conventional consumption practice in a novel and functional way


Input: [Question] What is the susceptibility to influence? [Answer]

Output: consumers' desire to enhance their image as observed by others and a willingness to be influenced by others


Input: [Question] What is frugality? [Answer]

Output: the degree to which consumers take a disciplined approach to ST acquisitions are are resourceful in using products to achieve LT goals


Input: [Question] What is self-monitoring? [Answer]

Output: the degree to which individuals look to others for cues on how to behave


Input: [Question] What is national character? [Answer]

Output: the broadly generalized personality of a country


Input: [Question] What is the need for cognition? [Answer]

Output: a person's craving for the enjoyment of thinking


Input: [Question] Consumers that have a high NFC are more likely to respond to what kind of ads? [Answer]

Output: ads rich in product-related information


Input: [Question] Consumers that have a low NFC are more likely to respond to what aspect of ads? [Answer]

Output: the background or peripheral aspects of an ad


Input: [Question] What are lifestyles? [Answer]

Output: people's patterns of behavior


Input: [Question] Lifestyles relate closely to __________ and __________. [Answer]

Output: values ; personality


Input: [Question] Values and personality represent __________ states. [Answer]

Output: internal


Input: [Question] Lifestyle is represented by what 3 things? [Answer]

Output: 1. Activities 2. Interests 3. Opinions


Input: [Question] What are the 3 marketing implications of lifestyles? [Answer]

Output: 1. Market segmentation 2. Communications 3. New product ideas


Input: [Question] Explain how marketers can use market segmentation when studying lifestyles. [Answer]

Output: use lifestyles to identify consumer segments for various offerings


Input: [Question] What are the 3 tools in using communication as a marketing implication for lifestyles? [Answer]

Output: 1. ad messages and promotions 2. specific media used by consumers 3. media usage patterns


Input: [Question] How do marketers develop new product ideas? [Answer]

Output: by uncovering unfulfilled needs for certain lifestyle segments


Input: [Question] Loan [Answer]

Output: A sum of money given from one party to another for use over a period of time. The money is paid back according to terms agreed upon by both parties, including the specified interest rates and the timeframe over which the loan will be repaid.


Input: [Question] Debit Card [Answer]

Output: A plastic card which allows you to pay for goods or services. If you are in a shop, the cashier will insert your card into a machine and you will usually have to type in your PIN. The money is usually taken almost immediately from your account.


Input: [Question] Standing Order [Answer]

Output: A standing order moves money from your own bank account to another account. This might be to an organisation or an individual, or perhaps from your current account to your savings account.


Input: [Question] Direct Debit [Answer]

Output: An instruction from you to your bank or building society allowing someone to take money from your account. The amount of money taken can vary, but you must be told the amounts and dates beforehand.


Input: [Question] Investments [Answer]

Output: Product that generally involves some risk of losing your original money but give you the opportunity of better returns than you would get from savings only.


Input: [Question] Mortgages [Answer]

Output: A loan to help you buy property on condition that the company giving you the loan has certain rights, including the right to sell the property if you don’t pay back the loan. Credit facilities are only available to persons over 18 years of age.


Input: [Question] Insurance [Answer]

Output: This is a way to protect something that has worth to you which is at risk of damage and loss in value. The insured person pays an amount each month or year (called a premium) to the insurance provider.


Input: [Question] Cheque [Answer]

Output: A cheque is a written order which instructs your bank to pay a specific amount of money from your account to another person or organisation


Input: [Question] Balance [Answer]

Output: In banking, this means the amount of money in your bank account


Input: [Question] Currency exchange [Answer]

Output: Changing money from one currency to another


Input: [Question] PIN [Answer]

Output: PIN stands for Personal Identification Number. This is the four-digit number that you enter into an ATM when you want to take out cash, and that you use when you pay with your chip and PIN card. Never give this number to anyone, or write it down


Input: [Question] Paying in slip [Answer]

Output: Each slip includes details to identify your bank account. You might need to complete a paying-in slip each time you go to the bank to pay cash or cheques into your account.


Input: [Question] Deposit [Answer]

Output: Money put into an account, using cash, cheque or an electronic transaction


Input: [Question] Cash withdrawal machine [Answer]

Output: Cash withdrawal machines dispense money from your account, as well as providing information about your bank balance and some other services. Cash withdrawal machines are also known as ATMs (Automatic Teller Machines


Input: [Question] Fraud [Answer]

Output: A crime in which people obtain money through deliberate deception of organisations or individuals


Input: [Answer] Awesome, EPIC, smart, and nice [Question]

Output: What is the definition of Justin?


Input: [Answer] Obviously Goku [Question]

Output: Would you rather be Pikachu in Pokémon or Goku in Dragonball Z?


Input: [Answer] My Little Pony [Question]

Output: Which is better: Strawberry Shortcake or My Little Pony?


Input: [Answer] Eat 200 bugs in 20 seconds [Question]

Output: Would you rather eat 200 bugs in 20 seconds or chop off all your fingers?


Input: [Answer] voice [Question]

Output: What does "voc" mean?


Input: [Answer] Fat like you! [Question]

Output: What words rhyme with cat?


Input: [Answer] Toy Story [Question]

Output: Barbie VS. Toy Story


Input: [Answer] Bach [Question]

Output: Beethoven VS. Mozart VS. Bach


Input: [Answer] Stop using Facebook [Question]

Output: Would you rather stop using Facebook or stop using YouTube?


Input: [Answer] Eaten first on the head [Question]

Output: Would you rather be eaten first on the head or eaten first on the feet?


Input: [Answer] Shark [Question]

Output: Would you rather be swallowed by a shark or a dinosaur?


Input: [Answer] Smooth Jazz [Question]

Output: Classical Music VS. Smooth Jazz


Input: [Answer] Fingernails 5 inches or longer [Question]

Output: Would you rather have a snorkel on your face permanently or have finger nails 5 inches or longer


Input: [Answer] Last person on Earth [Question]

Output: Would you rather be dead or the last person on Earth?


Input: [Answer] Make Improper - Find Common Denominator - Add/subtract top numbers - Simplify [Question]

Output: How do you add/subtract fractions?


Input: [Answer] Make Improper - Multiply Across - Simplify [Question]

Output: How do you multiply fractions?


Input: [Answer] Make Improper - Change division to multiplication and flip 2nd fraction - multiply straight across - Simplify [Question]

Output: How do you divide fractions?


Input: [Answer] Multiply like normal - count decimal spots in each number - move decimal over number left the amount of the sum [Question]

Output: How do you multiply decimals?


Input: [Answer] Line up decimal places - add zeroes in empty spots - add/subtract like normal [Question]

Output: How do you add/subtract decimals?


Input: [Answer] Divide by 100 or move decimal 2 spots left [Question]

Output: How do you change % into a decimal?


Input: [Answer] Multiply by 100 or move decimal 2 spots right [Question]

Output: How do you change decimal into %?


Input: [Answer] Put the % over 100 - move decimal of top and bottom if needed - simplify [Question]

Output: How do you change % into a fraction?


Input: [Answer] Long division - Top divided by bottom [Question]

Output: How do you change a fraction into a decimal?


Input: [Answer] Find the change by subtraction - divide by the original amount - convert into % form [Question]

Output: How do you find the percentage of change?


Input: [Answer] Part/Base = %/100 [Question]

Output: What is the percent proportion?


Input: [Answer] Set up 2 fractions (make unknown on top) - multiply both sides by bot term - include units [Question]

Output: How do you solve proportions?


Input: [Answer] Divide part by base - change into % form [Question]

Output: How do you find percent given part and base?


Input: [Answer] Change % to decimal - multiply by base [Question]

Output: How do you find part given percent and base?


Input: [Answer] Divide part by percent and multiply by 100 [Question]

Output: How do you find base given part and percent?


Input: [Answer] Change % to decimal - multiply by cost - add/subtract to find total cost [Question]

Output: How do you calculate taxes/discounts?


Input: [Answer] Move decimal between 1st two digits - count spots moved and that is exponent of the 10 [Question]

Output: How do you write a number in scientific notation?


Input: [Answer] Move decimal amount of spots in the 10 exponent - add zeroes in blank spots [Question]

Output: How do you change a number from scientific notation?


Input: [Answer] Add numbers and divide by how many there are [Question]

Output: How do you find mean (average) of a data set?


Input: [Answer] Whichever number appears most often [Question]

Output: How do you find mode of a data set?


Input: [Answer] Find difference between top and bottom terms [Question]

Output: How do you find range of a data set?


Input: [Answer] Write fraction with units - set it equal to fraction over 1 - divide to find top value [Question]

Output: How do you find a unit rate?


Input: [Answer] I = Prt - P-money start with, r-rate as decimal, t-time in years [Question]

Output: How do you find simple interest?


Input: [Answer] Fraction where you put outcomes of success over total possible outcomes [Question]

Output: How do you find the probability of 1 event?


Input: [Answer] Multiply probability fractions of each individual event occuring [Question]

Output: How do you find the probability of multiple events?


Input: [Answer] Multiply/divide like normal - add sign where same signs make positive / different negative [Question]

Output: HOw do you multiply/divide negatives?


Input: [Answer] Area = pi x radius squared = 3.14 x r x r [Question]

Output: How do you find area of a circle?


Input: [Answer] Area = length x width = l x w [Question]

Output: How do you find area of a rectangle?


Input: [Answer] Area = 1/2 x base x height = 1/2 x b x h remember base and height are perpendicular [Question]

Output: How do you find area of a triangle?


Input: [Answer] Add the lengths of the sides together [Question]

Output: How do you find perimeter of a shape?


Input: [Answer] C = pi x diameter = pi x 2 x radius [Question]

Output: How do you find distance around a circle (circumference)?


Input: [Answer] V = area of base x depth = A x d [Question]

Output: How do you find volume of a prism?


Input: [Answer] V = 1/3 x area of base x depth = 1/3 x A x d [Question]

Output: How do you find volume of a cone or pyramid?


Input: [Answer] Add areas of each face together [Question]

Output: How do you find Surface area of a shape?


Input: [Question] If the breast is not expressing estrogen, but only progesterone, would you put someone on tamoxifen? [Answer]

Output: no


Input: [Question] What happens are 5 years of tamoxifen? [Answer]

Output: tamoxifen switches and becomes a promoter for the estrogen receptor - acts as an agonist


Input: [Question] What do you put patients on after tamoxifen? [Answer]

Output: aromatase inhibitors - prevents conversion of androgen to estrogen


Input: [Question] Describe the path from the ovary to the uterus [Answer]

Output: fimbria, infundibulum, isthmus, ampulla, uterus


Input: [Question] What are you trying to block with oral contraceptives? [Answer]

Output: LH surge, prevent release of egg


Input: [Question] Polycystic ovaries [Answer]

Output: No LH surge - follicles all over ovary, high androgen level (from the adrenal)


Input: [Question] DHEA from the adrenal [Answer]

Output: high levels of DHEA (weak androgen) erase pulsatility of GnRH, critical for timing in cycles


Input: [Question] How do you treat polycystic ovaries? [Answer]

Output: hormone control of cycles


Input: [Question] What will the level of FSH be in the post-menopausal female? [Answer]

Output: increased - negative feedback from estrogen is gone


Input: [Question] In a young boy diagnosed with precocious puberty, puberty is best delayed by administration of a long-lasting what? [Answer]

Output: GnRH receptor agonist


Input: [Question] Why give GnRH for precocious puberty? [Answer]

Output: shuts down the male axis through giving high endogenous ligand, non-pulsatile - downregulat receptor


Input: [Personality] personality [Definition]

Output: an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. Ex: distinctiveness and consistancy


Input: [Personality] free association [Definition]

Output: in psycoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or emarrassing. Ex: painful memories of childhood


Input: [Personality] psychoanalysis [Definition]

Output: Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. Ex: therapy


Input: [Personality] unconscious [Definition]

Output: a reservoir of mostly unaccceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. Ex: Information processing of which we are unaware.


Input: [Personality] id [Definition]

Output: contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. Ex: pleasure (non-realistic)


Input: [Personality] ego [Definition]

Output: the largely conscious "executive" part of personality that mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality Ex: realistically satisfying id's (unrealistic pleasure) desires


Input: [Personality] superego [Definition]

Output: the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgement and for future aspirations Ex:the ideal (a person who is virtuous but ironically guilt-ridden)


Input: [Personality] psychosexual stages [Definition]

Output: childhood stages of developmental (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which the id's pleasure-seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous


Input: [Personality] Oedipus complex [Definition]

Output: a boy's sexual desires towards his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father EX: Greek legend Oedipus killed his father and married his mother


Input: [Personality] identification [Definition]

Output: the process by which children incorporate their parents' values into developing superegos EX: a daughter wanting to be just like Mom


Input: [Personality] fixation [Definition]

Output: a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved Ex: When a child is weaned too early he/she will experience fixation during oral stage


Input: [Personality] defense mechanism [Definition]

Output: the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality EX: Repression, Regression, Reaction Formation, Projection, Rationalization, Displacement


Input: [Personality] repression [Definition]

Output: the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness EX: Not remembering the lust for parent of the opposite sex


Input: [Personality] regression [Definition]

Output: a defense mechanism inwhich an indiviual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated EX: When a child goes to the first day of school may suck his/her thumb


Input: [Personality] reaction formation [Definition]

Output: defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. EX: "I hate him" becomes "I love him"


Input: [Personality] projection [Definition]

Output: defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening inpulses by attributing them to others EX: "He doesn't trust me" goes to "I don't trust myself" or "I don't trust him"


Input: [Personality] rationalization [Definition]

Output: defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions EX: heavy drinkers say they drink with their friends "to be sociable"


Input: [Personality] displacement [Definition]

Output: defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet EX: Children who fear expressing anger toward parent instead takes it out on a pet


Input: [Personality] collective unconscious [Definition]

Output: Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our secies' history.


Input: [Personality] projective test [Definition]

Output: a personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics EX: Roshach, TAT tests


Input: [Personality] Rorsharch inkblot test [Definition]

Output: the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, designed by Hermann roscharch; seeks to indentify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots


Input: [Personality] terror-management theory [Definition]

Output: proposes that faith in one's worldview and the pursuit of self-esteem provide protection against a deeply rooted fear of death EX: Writing an essay about dying and the emotions associated with it.


Input: [Personality] self-actualization [Definition]

Output: According to Maslow, the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic pysical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential. EX: Hierarchy of Needs


Input: [Personality] unconditional positive regard [Definition]

Output: according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person. EX: In a good marriage, a close family, we are free to be spontaneous without fearing the loss of others' esteem.


Input: [Personality] self-concept [Definition]

Output: all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves EX: "Who am I?"


Input: [Personality] trait [Definition]

Output: a characteristic pattern of behavior or a dispostion to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports EX: unemotional


Input: [Personality] personality inventory [Definition]

Output: a questionnaire (true-false or agree-disagree) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors


Input: [Personality] Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) [Definition]

Output: the most widely researched and clinically used of a lll personality tests. Developed to identify emotional disorders.


Input: [Personality] empirically derived test [Definition]

Output: a test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups


Input: [Personality] social-cognitive perspective [Definition]

Output: views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and their social context


Input: [Personality] reciprocal determinism [Definition]

Output: the interacting influences between personality and enviromental factors


Input: [Personality] personal control [Definition]

Output: our sense of controlling our enviroment rather than feeling helpless


Input: [Personality] external locus of control [Definition]

Output: the perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control detirmine one's fate.


Input: [Personality] internal locus of control [Definition]

Output: the perception that one controls one's own fate


Input: [Personality] learned helplessness [Definition]

Output: the hoplessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.


Input: [Personality] spotlight effect [Definition]

Output: overestimating others' noticing and evaluating our appearance performance, and blunders EX: acting as though a spotlight is on you


Input: [Personality] self-esteem [Definition]

Output: one's feelings of high or low self-worth


Input: [Personality] self-serving bias [Definition]

Output: a readiness to percieve oneself favorably


Input: [Answer] the physical separation of different races into different geographic areas [Question]

Output: apartheid


Input: [Answer] the process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities [Question]

Output: balkanization


Input: [Answer] widely used to describe a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other [Question]

Output: balkanized


Input: [Answer] a process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood [Question]

Output: blockbusting


Input: [Answer] an attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state [Question]

Output: centripetal force


Input: [Answer] Identity with a group of people that share distinct [Question]

Output: ethnicity


Input: [Answer] process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region [Question]

Output: ethnic cleansing


Input: [Answer] state that contains more than one ethnicity [Question]

Output: multi-ethnic state


Input: [Answer] state that contains 2 or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities [Question]

Output: multinational state


Input: [Question] Functional Death [Answer]

Output: The absence of a heartbeat and breathing


Input: [Question] Brain Death [Answer]

Output: A diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as measured by electrical brain waves.


Input: [Question] Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) [Answer]

Output: The unexplained death of a seemingly health baby


Input: [Question] Thanatologists [Answer]

Output: People who study death and dying


Input: [Question] Kubler-Ross 5 Steps toward death [Answer]

Output: Denial (shock), Anger (emotion), Bargaining, Depression (reactive or preparatory), and Acceptance.


Input: [Question] Preparatory Depression: [Answer]

Output: People feel sadness over future losses. Example: end to relationships with others, and not able to see future generations


Input: [Question] Reactive Depression: [Answer]

Output: The feelings of sadness are based on events that have already occurred. Example: the loss of dignity that may accompany medical procedures, the end of a job, or the knowledge that one will never return from the hospital to one's home.


Input: [Question] Living Will [Answer]

Output: A legal document designating what medical treatments people want or do not want if they cannot express their wishes (including DNR)


Input: [Question] Euthanasia [Answer]

Output: The practice of assisting people who are terminally ill to die more quickly


Input: [Question] Home Care [Answer]

Output: An alternative to hospitalization in which dying people stay in their homes and receive treatment from their families and visiting medical staff.


Input: [Question] Hospice Care [Answer]

Output: Care provided for the dying in institutions devoted to those who are terminally ill.


Input: [Question] Bereavement [Answer]

Output: Acknowledgement of the objective fact that one has experienced a death.


Input: [Question] Grief [Answer]

Output: The emotional response to one's loss. Entails shock, numbness, disbelief, or outright denial and may continue on with regular routines.


Input: [Question] Prolonged Grief Disorder [Answer]

Output: A type of mourning that continues unceasingly for months and years.