Input: [Answer] 2nd ethical principle that refers to personal freedom of choice, a right to be independent and make decisions freely. Nurses can assist patient in decisions, but can't make decisions for the patients [Question]

Output: autonony


Input: [Answer] 3rd ethical principle that means doing what is good; primary importance to nurses as nurse has ethical duty to promote the well-being of all patients [Question]

Output: benefience


Input: [Answer] 4th ethical principle which means to do no harm; nurse has ethical and legal duty to prevent harm to a patient [Question]

Output: nonmaleficence


Input: [Answer] 5th ethical principle which is the concept of what is fair; means that all patients have the same right to nursing interventions [Question]

Output: justice


Input: [Answer] a proxy is another person who will speak for the patient and will act on the patient's behalf making decisions regarding care [Question]

Output: health care proxy


Input: [Answer] order written when patient has little hope for recovery; nurse has duty to follow the order [Question]

Output: Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)


Input: [Answer] limbs for swimming [Question]

Output: flippers


Input: [Answer] curls up close [Question]

Output: cuddles


Input: [Answer] come out of an egg [Question]

Output: hatch


Input: [Answer] iced over [Question]

Output: frozen


Input: [Answer] strikes [Question]

Output: pecks


Input: [Answer] get warm and fuzzy [Question]

Output: snuggle


Input: [Answer] clean [Question]

Output: preen


Input: [1] multiple coordinated eye movements produced by the eye muscles [2] difficulty in finding and holding the correct head position interferes with maintaining a stable visual field which provides the base of support for the eye movements [3] examples include reading, writing, and finding keys on a keyboard [4] interventions include having the child ride a scooter board in prone while reaching for toys [0]

Output: Oculomotor Skills


Input: [1] the entire area that can be seen while the eye is fixing or gazing steadily at a target in the direct line of vision [2] strong neck muscles are needed for a stable visual field [0]

Output: Visual Field


Input: [1] sustained eye gaze [2] in the direction of a target is necessary for adls and iadls [3] children who have limited convergence, or "simultaneous turning of the eyes inward," are unable to bring their eyes together well enough to see objects close their face [4] interventions include encouraging child to watch an appealing object move slowly toward their nose [0]

Output: Visual Fixation


Input: [1] the ability to move the eyes independently without moving the head [2] the inability to separate head and eye movements interferes with writing and finding symbols on a communication board [3] children who have poor visual tracking skills (following moving targets with smooth eye movements) often lose focus while trying to follow or find an object [4] interventions include moving a toy in vertical, horizontal, and circular movements while the child watches. playing with cars, bubbles, and balloons also helps [0]

Output: Head-Eye Dissociation


Input: [1] pinpointing items with the eyes [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3] interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets) [0]

Output: Quick Localization


Input: [1] weakness of neck and eye muscles, poor discrimination or interpretation of proprioceptive feedback in the neck and eyes, nystagmus (involuntary jerking of eyes) [2] interventions include strengtheing exercises for neck flexion and extension [0]

Output: Oculomotor Interfering Factors


Input: [1] the ability to interpret and use what is seen. the capacity to interpret sensory input, recognize similarities and differences, and assign meaning to what is seen [2] the ability to discern edges, shapes, light and dark, figure-ground discrimination, visual closure, and spatial orientation and relations [3] it requires cognitive analysis and perception through sight [0]

Output: Visual Perception


Input: [1] visual identification of objects by color, texture, shape, and size: what things are [0]

Output: Object Perception


Input: [1] the recognition of forms and objects as the same various environments, positions, and sizes [2] allows children to recognize a letter as the same whether it is lowercase, uppercase, cursive, or italic [3] interventions include having the child compare the details of various pictures or shapes to determine whether the forms are the same [0]

Output: Form Constancy


Input: [1] the ability to distinguish important foreground features from background objects [2] examples include finding a pencil on a cluttered desk [3] interventions include worksheets such as "Where's Waldo" and "Find What's Different." these worksheets are available in bookstores and equipment catalogs [0]

Output: Figure-ground Discrimination


Input: [1] visual location of objects in space: where things are. provides the awareness of an object's position in relation to the observer or the perception of the direction in which it is turned [2] provides basis for concepts: in, out, off, on, beside behind. usually begins to develop around 30 months of age [3] examples include deciphering one word as separate from another while reading and to space letters evenly while writing [4] interventions include using directional terms during their actions, provide obstacle courses and playground activities in which the child must use spacial concepts [0]

Output: Spacial Perception


Input: [1] require coordination of the eyes with the hands or feet such that the eyes guide complex, precise limb movements [2] also referred to as eye-hand/eye-foot skills [3] examples include following dot-to-dot patterns, drawing, writing, using a computer, cutting with scissors, moving through an obstacle course [0]

Output: Visuomotor Skills


Input: [1] the capacity to discriminate the fine details of objects in the visual field. a descriptive means of expressing the sharpness, clearness, and distinctness of vision [0]

Output: Visual Acuity


Input: [1] the child brings objects close to eyes, squints, appears uable to see obstacles and people, unable to see writing on blackboard [2] the COTA should watch for asymmetry in the eyes, how the eyes and head moves, skipping words or lines when reading, difficulty finding symbols or pictures on a communication board [0]

Output: Referral is recommended when...


Input: [1] accurately moving the eyes from one target to another [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3] interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets) [0]

Output: Gaze Shift


Input: [Answer] water that is relatively pure, with few dissolved salts. [Question]

Output: fresh water


Input: [Answer] areas nearest a river's course that are flooded periodically [Question]

Output: floodplain


Input: [Answer] systems that combine elements of freshwater and dry land [Question]

Output: wetlands


Input: [Answer] rainfall that percolated downward through the soil. makes up 1/5 of Earth's freshwater. [Question]

Output: groundwater


Input: [Answer] spongelike formation of rock, sand, or gravel that holds water. [Question]

Output: aquifers


Input: [Answer] exists when a water-bearing porous layer of rock sand, or gravel is trapped between upper and lower layers of less permeable substrate [Question]

Output: confined aquifer or artesian aquifer


Input: [Answer] has no thick upper layer to confine it, so its water is under less pressure and can be readily recharged by surface water. [Question]

Output: unconfined aquifer


Input: [Answer] the act of removing water from an aquifer or surface water body and not returning it. [Question]

Output: consumptive use


Input: [Answer] temporarily removes water from an aquifer or surface water body. [Question]

Output: nonconsumptive use


Input: [Answer] any obstruction placed in a river or stream to block the flow of water so that water can be stored in a reservoir. [Question]

Output: dam


Input: [Answer] areas where the ground gives way with little warning [Question]

Output: sinkholes


Input: [Answer] the removal of salt from sea water or other water of marginal quality [Question]

Output: desalination


Input: [Answer] the release of matter or energy into the environment that causes undesirable impacts on the health and well-being of humans or other organisms. [Question]

Output: pollution


Input: [Answer] new body of water with clear water, low nutrients, and a high amount of oxygen [Question]

Output: Oligotrophic water body


Input: [Answer] older body of water. Less oxygen and high nutrient content [Question]

Output: Eutrophic water body


Input: [Answer] discrete locations of water pollution, such as a factory or sewer pipe. [Question]

Output: point source


Input: [Answer] pollution arises from multiple cumulative inputs over larger areas, such as farms, city streets, and residential areas. [Question]

Output: non-point-source


Input: [Answer] wastewater runs from the house to an underground septic tank, inside which solids and oil separates from the water. [Question]

Output: septic systems


Input: [Answer] physical removal of contaminants in settling tanks or clarifiers, generally removes about 60% of suspended solids from wastewater. [Question]

Output: primary treatment


Input: [Answer] water is stirred and aerated so that aerobic bacteria degrade organic pollutants [Question]

Output: secondary treatment


Input: [Answer] shallow water that allows plants to grow above the water surface [Question]

Output: freshwater marshes


Input: [Answer] shallow water rich in vegetation, occur in forested areas. [Question]

Output: swamps


Input: [Answer] ponds thoroughly covered with thick floating mats of vegetation, and can represent a stage in aquatic succession. [Question]

Output: bogs


Input: [Answer] region ringing the edge of a water body [Question]

Output: littoral zone


Input: [Answer] extends along the bottom of the entire water body, from shore to deepest point [Question]

Output: benthic zone


Input: [Answer] the open portion of a lake or pond, away from the shore, sunlight penetrates shallow waters [Question]

Output: limnetic zone


Input: [Answer] the volume of open water that sunlight doesnt reach. under the limnetic zone. [Question]

Output: profundal zone


Input: [Answer] power generation, hydroelectric power produces no greenhouse gas, crop irrigations, drinking water, shipping , and recreational opportunities. [Question]

Output: benefits of dams


Input: [Answer] habitat alteration, fisheries decline, population displacement, sediment capture, disruption of flooding, rick of failure, and lost of recreational opportunities. [Question]

Output: costs of dams


Input: [Answer] built by governments and individuals to protect against floods along the banks of rivers to hold rising waters. [Question]

Output: dikes and levees


Input: [Answer] reduce demand with conservation and efficiency measures, desalination, agriculture demand can be reduced,and lessen residential and industrial water use. [Question]

Output: solutions to depletion of fresh water


Input: [Question] Science [Answer]

Output: A branch of study dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world


Input: [Question] Papyrus [Answer]

Output: A primitive form of paper, made from a long-leafed plant of the same name


Input: [Question] Spontaneous generation [Answer]

Output: The idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances


Input: [Question] Counter-example [Answer]

Output: An example that contradicts a scientific conclusion


Input: [Question] Hypothesis [Answer]

Output: An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question


Input: [Question] Theory [Answer]

Output: A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data


Input: [Question] Scientific law [Answer]

Output: A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data


Input: [Question] What did Thales study? [Answer]

Output: The heavens


Input: [Question] Who was Anaximander's teacher? [Answer]

Output: Thales


Input: [Question] What was Anaximander's field of study? [Answer]

Output: Life


Input: [Question] Anaximenes's attempts to explain all things in nature being made of a single substance led to what important scientific discovery? [Answer]

Output: Atoms


Input: [Question] Who is known as 'the father of atomic history'? [Answer]

Output: Leucippus


Input: [Question] Who is known as 'the father of the life sciences'? [Answer]

Output: Aristotle


Input: [Question] Archimedes did great work in what field? [Answer]

Output: Mathematics


Input: [Question] Robert Grosseteste was deeply committed to what idea? [Answer]

Output: That the secrets of the natural world could be learned by discovering the laws that God had set in motion


Input: [Question] Dietrich Von Freiberg is often called what name? [Answer]

Output: The priest who solved the mystery of the rainbow


Input: [Question] Blaise Pascal was the author of what 'argument'? [Answer]

Output: Pascal's wager


Input: [Question] Robert Boyle was the founder of what field of science? [Answer]

Output: Modern chemistry


Input: [Question] Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first to build what kind of scientific instrument? [Answer]

Output: Microscope


Input: [Question] Charles Darwin wrote 'The Origin of Species' in what year? [Answer]

Output: 1859


Input: [Question] James Clerk Maxwell is the founder of what field of science: [Answer]

Output: Modern physics


Input: [Question] By whom was superconductivity discovered? [Answer]

Output: Heike Onnes


Input: [Definition] Teeth pre-erupt on their own [Term]

Output: Tx Intrusion


Input: [Definition] Extensive carious lesions [Term]

Output: Indications for SSC


Input: [Definition] Hypoplastic or hypocalcified teeth [Term]

Output: Indications for SSC


Input: [Definition] Tx following a pulpotomy or pulpectomy [Term]

Output: Indications for SSC


Input: [Definition] Temporary restorations of fractured teeth [Term]

Output: Indications for SSC


Input: [Definition] Primary tooth is used as an abutment tooth for space maintainer [Term]

Output: Indications for SSC


Input: [Definition] Exposed through mechanical, traumatic means with a chance of a favorable response. Will heal or root canal needed [Term]

Output: Direct Pulp Cap


Input: [Definition] Remove portion of pulp if primary or young permanent teeth exposed [Term]

Output: Pulpotomy


Input: [Definition] Pulp not yet exposed, can be exposed while removing caries [Term]

Output: Indirect Pulp Tx


Input: [Definition] Stainless Steel Crown permanently cemented in place [Term]

Output: Badly Decayed Teeth Tx


Input: [Definition] Causes an anterior open bite [Term]

Output: Tongue Thrusting


Input: [Definition] Educating Patient- Diet [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] Oral hygiene [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] Flourides [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] PF Sealants [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] Mouth Guards [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] Some Ortho Tx [Term]

Output: Preventive Procedures


Input: [Definition] Conscious sedation and nitrious oxide [Term]

Output: Reduce Childs Anxiety


Input: [Definition] Suggestion from others [Term]

Output: Subjective Fear


Input: [Definition] Own experiences [Term]

Output: Objective Fear


Input: [Definition] Management Policies, Procedure Sequences, Same Terminology [Term]

Output: Dental Team Consistency


Input: [Definition] 2-6 [Term]

Output: 1st Visit


Input: [Definition] Carie free for 4yrs+ [Term]

Output: Cons for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Shallow open grooves [Term]

Output: Cons for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Teeth well-coalesced [Term]

Output: Cons for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Allergic to Methacrylate [Term]

Output: Cons for Sealants


Input: [Definition] 5-10yrs [Term]

Output: Sealants Remain in Place for?


Input: [Definition] Social Services Agency, Police, CPS [Term]

Output: Child Abuse Report


Input: [Definition] Used throughtout the mouth [Term]

Output: Universal Curette


Input: [Definition] Inflammation of the gingiva tissue [Term]

Output: Gingivitis


Input: [Definition] Used in specific areas of mouth [Term]

Output: Gracey Curette


Input: [Definition] Remove supragingival calculus [Term]

Output: Sickle Scaler


Input: [Definition] Two cutting edges along the margins of the curved blade [Term]

Output: Sickle Scaler


Input: [Definition] Area at bottom of sulcus where gingiva attaches to tooth [Term]

Output: Epithlial Attatchment


Input: [Definition] Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue that forms the perio pocket [Term]

Output: Gingivectomy


Input: [Definition] Reshaping the gingival tisse to remove deformities such as cleft craters and enlargements [Term]

Output: Gingivoplasty


Input: [Definition] Up and Down [Term]

Output: Motion For Flossing


Input: [Definition] 1-3mm deep [Term]

Output: Healthy Sulcus


Input: [Definition] Remove gingival tissue during periodontal surgery [Term]

Output: Periodontal Knives


Input: [Definition] Coronal surfaces are polished with rubber cups, brushes, an abrasive and dental tape and floss [Term]

Output: Prophylaxis


Input: [Definition] Deposits from above and just slightly below the gingival margins are removed [Term]

Output: Routine Prophylaxis


Input: [Definition] Hormonal imbalances, hereditory predisposition, certain disease & medication [Term]

Output: Systemic Factors For Perio Disease


Input: [Definition] Aka surgical scalpel [Term]

Output: Bard Parker Scalpel


Input: [Definition] Involves surgically seperating the gingiva from the underlying tissue [Term]

Output: Periodontal Flap Surgery


Input: [Definition] Full series [Term]

Output: Periodontal Office Radiographs


Input: [Definition] Furcation involvement [Term]

Output: Destruction of Interridicular Bone


Input: [Definition] Tooth completely removed from mouth [Term]

Output: Avulsed Tooth


Input: [Definition] 1-2 along gingival margin [Term]

Output: Rubber Cup Flexed


Input: [Definition] Low to moderate Caries [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Practices good oral hygiene [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Teeth erupted enough for occlusal surface to be accessible [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Balanced diet [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealtants


Input: [Definition] Good quantity and quality of saliva [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Has fluoride water or takes fluoride supplement [Term]

Output: Indications for Sealants


Input: [Definition] Include acquired dental pellicle, materia alba, food debris, and plaque [Term]

Output: Soft Deposits


Input: [Definition] Yellow and brown stains, tobacco stains, green stains, black line stain, orange stain, chlorhexidine stain [Term]

Output: Extrinsic Stains


Input: [Question] Ethnicity [Answer]

Output: Identity with a group of people who share the same cultural traditions.


Input: [Question] Race [Answer]

Output: Identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor.


Input: [Question] Triangular Slave Trade [Answer]

Output: An efficient triangular trading pattern.


Input: [Question] Racism [Answer]

Output: The belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherit superiority of a particular race.


Input: [Question] Racist [Answer]

Output: One who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.


Input: [Question] Apartheid [Answer]

Output: Physical separation of different races into different geographic areas.


Input: [Question] Nationality [Answer]

Output: Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country.


Input: [Question] Self-determination [Answer]

Output: The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves.


Input: [Question] Nation-State [Answer]

Output: A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality.


Input: [Question] Nationalism [Answer]

Output: Loyalty and devotion to a nationality


Input: [Question] Centripetal Force [Answer]

Output: An attitude that tends ti unify people and enhance support for a state.


Input: [Question] Multi Ethnic state [Answer]

Output: A state with more than one ethnicity


Input: [Question] Multinational State [Answer]

Output: Contain two ethnic groups with traditions of self determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinctive nationalities.


Input: [Question] Ethnic Cleansing [Answer]

Output: A process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogenous region.


Input: [Question] Balkanization [Answer]

Output: The process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities.


Input: [Question] Balkanized [Answer]

Output: A small geographic area that can not be successfully organized into one or more stable states because it is inhabited by many ethnicities with hate of each other.


Input: [Answer] group of related living things, mostly living in the water [Question]

Output: algae


Input: [Answer] put out of sight; hidden [Question]

Output: concealed


Input: [Answer] wood carried along by water or washed ashore from the water [Question]

Output: driftwood


Input: [Answer] hanging beds or couches made of canvas, cord, etc. [Question]

Output: hammocks


Input: [Answer] felt or showed grief for [Question]

Output: lamented


Input: [Answer] small, round sea animals with spiny shells [Question]

Output: sea urchins


Input: [Answer] strictly; firmly [Question]

Output: sternly


Input: [Answer] small pincers for picking up small objects [Question]

Output: tweezers


Input: [Answer] saltwater clams with two-ridged, heart-shaped shells [Question]

Output: cockles


Input: [Answer] driven or forced out of place or position [Question]

Output: dislodged


Input: [Answer] said or done forcefully, strongly [Question]

Output: emphatically


Input: [Answer] make, small jerky movements [Question]

Output: twitch


Input: [Answer] equipment needed for an activity [Question]

Output: gear


Input: [Answer] a type of tree with narrow, long branches [Question]

Output: willow


Input: [Answer] pulled with a sudden movement [Question]

Output: yanked


Input: [Answer] great and excellent [Question]

Output: splendid


Input: [Answer] warm, heavy jacket with a hood [Question]

Output: parka


Input: [0] Oculomotor Skills [2] difficulty in finding and holding the correct head position interferes with maintaining a stable visual field which provides the base of support for the eye movements [3] examples include reading, writing, and finding keys on a keyboard [4] interventions include having the child ride a scooter board in prone while reaching for toys [1]

Output: multiple coordinated eye movements produced by the eye muscles


Input: [0] Visual Field [2] strong neck muscles are needed for a stable visual field [1]

Output: the entire area that can be seen while the eye is fixing or gazing steadily at a target in the direct line of vision


Input: [0] Visual Fixation [2] in the direction of a target is necessary for adls and iadls [3] children who have limited convergence, or "simultaneous turning of the eyes inward," are unable to bring their eyes together well enough to see objects close their face [4] interventions include encouraging child to watch an appealing object move slowly toward their nose [1]

Output: sustained eye gaze


Input: [0] Head-Eye Dissociation [2] the inability to separate head and eye movements interferes with writing and finding symbols on a communication board [3] children who have poor visual tracking skills (following moving targets with smooth eye movements) often lose focus while trying to follow or find an object [4] interventions include moving a toy in vertical, horizontal, and circular movements while the child watches. playing with cars, bubbles, and balloons also helps [1]

Output: the ability to move the eyes independently without moving the head


Input: [0] Quick Localization [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3] interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets) [1]

Output: pinpointing items with the eyes


Input: [0] Oculomotor Interfering Factors [2] interventions include strengtheing exercises for neck flexion and extension [1]

Output: weakness of neck and eye muscles, poor discrimination or interpretation of proprioceptive feedback in the neck and eyes, nystagmus (involuntary jerking of eyes)


Input: [0] Visual Perception [2] the ability to discern edges, shapes, light and dark, figure-ground discrimination, visual closure, and spatial orientation and relations [3] it requires cognitive analysis and perception through sight [1]

Output: the ability to interpret and use what is seen. the capacity to interpret sensory input, recognize similarities and differences, and assign meaning to what is seen


Input: [0] Object Perception [1]

Output: visual identification of objects by color, texture, shape, and size: what things are


Input: [0] Form Constancy [2] allows children to recognize a letter as the same whether it is lowercase, uppercase, cursive, or italic [3] interventions include having the child compare the details of various pictures or shapes to determine whether the forms are the same [1]

Output: the recognition of forms and objects as the same various environments, positions, and sizes


Input: [0] Figure-ground Discrimination [2] examples include finding a pencil on a cluttered desk [3] interventions include worksheets such as "Where's Waldo" and "Find What's Different." these worksheets are available in bookstores and equipment catalogs [1]

Output: the ability to distinguish important foreground features from background objects


Input: [0] Spacial Perception [2] provides basis for concepts: in, out, off, on, beside behind. usually begins to develop around 30 months of age [3] examples include deciphering one word as separate from another while reading and to space letters evenly while writing [4] interventions include using directional terms during their actions, provide obstacle courses and playground activities in which the child must use spacial concepts [1]

Output: visual location of objects in space: where things are. provides the awareness of an object's position in relation to the observer or the perception of the direction in which it is turned


Input: [0] Visuomotor Skills [2] also referred to as eye-hand/eye-foot skills [3] examples include following dot-to-dot patterns, drawing, writing, using a computer, cutting with scissors, moving through an obstacle course [1]

Output: require coordination of the eyes with the hands or feet such that the eyes guide complex, precise limb movements


Input: [0] Visual Acuity [1]

Output: the capacity to discriminate the fine details of objects in the visual field. a descriptive means of expressing the sharpness, clearness, and distinctness of vision


Input: [0] Referral is recommended when... [2] the COTA should watch for asymmetry in the eyes, how the eyes and head moves, skipping words or lines when reading, difficulty finding symbols or pictures on a communication board [1]

Output: the child brings objects close to eyes, squints, appears uable to see obstacles and people, unable to see writing on blackboard


Input: [0] Gaze Shift [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3] interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets) [1]

Output: accurately moving the eyes from one target to another


Input: [Answer] a swirling funnel of air that descends from a cloud and can cause tremendous damage [Question]

Output: tornado


Input: [Answer] shock waves caused by lightning that makes a bang or rumble [Question]

Output: thunder


Input: [Answer] most common severe weather event; usually has heavy rain, wind, lightning, and thunder [Question]

Output: thunderstorm


Input: [Answer] a huge, donut-shaped storm with heavy rain and strong winds swirling around a calm center [Question]

Output: hurricane


Input: [Answer] an electrical charge that travels between a cloud and the ground or between clouds [Question]

Output: lightning


Input: [Answer] includes thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes, and other violent storms capable of destruction [Question]

Output: severe weather


Input: [Answer] to do the things necessary to protect self and property in the event of severe weather [Question]

Output: prepare


Input: [Answer] precipitation that falls as large, round layered pieces of ice [Question]

Output: hail


Input: [Answer] the rubbing of one surface or object against another; contributes to the release of lightning from a cloud [Question]

Output: friction


Input: [Answer] the flow of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure [Question]

Output: wind


Input: [Answer] the building blocks of all matter; made up of protons, neutrons, and elections [Question]

Output: Atoms


Input: [Answer] a pure substance; all atoms have the same atomic number [Question]

Output: element


Input: [Answer] the center of an atom; contains the protons and the neutrons [Question]

Output: nucleus


Input: [Answer] particle that has a positive charge [Question]

Output: proton


Input: [Answer] particle that has no charge, or is neutral [Question]

Output: neutron


Input: [Answer] a particle that has a negative charge [Question]

Output: electron


Input: [Answer] this holds the nucleus together, keeping the protons and neutrons together [Question]

Output: strong force


Input: [Answer] tells the number of protons and the number of electrons found in an element [Question]

Output: atomic number


Input: [Answer] the mass of an atom; tells how many protons plus how many neutrons are in an element [Question]

Output: atomic mass


Input: [Answer] energy levels where electrons can be found circling the nucleus [Question]

Output: shells


Input: [Answer] the electrons in the outer most shell of an atom [Question]

Output: valence electron


Input: [Answer] a chart that arranges elements into groups by their properties [Question]

Output: periodic table


Input: [Answer] another name for electron shells; energy levels where electrons can be found circling the nucleus [Question]

Output: electron energy levels


Input: [Answer] a horizontal row of the periodic table; tells how many shells an element has [Question]

Output: period


Input: [Answer] a group of elements that have similar properties; vertical columns on the periodic table; tells how many valence electrons each element has [Question]

Output: chemical family


Input: [Answer] another name for chemical family; a group of elements that have similar properties; vertical columns on the periodic table; tells how many valence electrons each element has [Question]

Output: groups


Input: [Answer] an element that usually has one, two, or three valence electrons and that is typically shiny, hard, and a good conductor of heat and electricity [Question]

Output: metal


Input: [Answer] an element that usually has five, six, or seven valence electrons and that is typically dull, brittle, and a poor conductor of heat and electricity [Question]

Output: nonmetal


Input: [Answer] a figure in which dots around and element's symbol represent valence electrons; also called an electron dot diagram [Question]

Output: Lewis dot structures


Input: [Question] Atoms [Answer]

Output: the building blocks of all matter; made up of protons, neutrons, and elections


Input: [Question] element [Answer]

Output: a pure substance; all atoms have the same atomic number


Input: [Question] nucleus [Answer]

Output: the center of an atom; contains the protons and the neutrons


Input: [Question] proton [Answer]

Output: particle that has a positive charge


Input: [Question] neutron [Answer]

Output: particle that has no charge, or is neutral


Input: [Question] electron [Answer]

Output: a particle that has a negative charge


Input: [Question] strong force [Answer]

Output: this holds the nucleus together, keeping the protons and neutrons together


Input: [Question] atomic number [Answer]

Output: tells the number of protons and the number of electrons found in an element


Input: [Question] atomic mass [Answer]

Output: the mass of an atom; tells how many protons plus how many neutrons are in an element


Input: [Question] shells [Answer]

Output: energy levels where electrons can be found circling the nucleus


Input: [Question] valence electron [Answer]

Output: the electrons in the outer most shell of an atom


Input: [Question] periodic table [Answer]

Output: a chart that arranges elements into groups by their properties


Input: [Question] electron energy levels [Answer]

Output: another name for electron shells; energy levels where electrons can be found circling the nucleus


Input: [Question] period [Answer]

Output: a horizontal row of the periodic table; tells how many shells an element has


Input: [Question] chemical family [Answer]

Output: a group of elements that have similar properties; vertical columns on the periodic table; tells how many valence electrons each element has


Input: [Question] groups [Answer]

Output: another name for chemical family; a group of elements that have similar properties; vertical columns on the periodic table; tells how many valence electrons each element has


Input: [Question] metal [Answer]

Output: an element that usually has one, two, or three valence electrons and that is typically shiny, hard, and a good conductor of heat and electricity


Input: [Question] nonmetal [Answer]

Output: an element that usually has five, six, or seven valence electrons and that is typically dull, brittle, and a poor conductor of heat and electricity


Input: [Question] Lewis dot structures [Answer]

Output: a figure in which dots around and element's symbol represent valence electrons; also called an electron dot diagram


Input: [Answer] Thyroid gland, para thyroid glands, and female breasts. [Question]

Output: In addition to the gonads, which 3 other radiosensitive organs are of greatest concern during cervical and thoracic spine radiography


Input: [Answer] Increase in exposure latitude and decrease in patient dose. [Question]

Output: Two advantages of using higher kV exposure factors for spine radiography, especially on an AP thoracic spine radiograph


Input: [Answer] True- it is important to use close collimation, grids, and lead masking. [Question]

Output: T/F When using digital imaging for spine radiography, it is important to use close collimation, grids, and lead masking.


Input: [Answer] False- Lead masking should be used even if close collimation is used. [Question]

Output: T/F If close collimation is used during conventional radiography of the spine, the use of lead masking is generally not required.


Input: [Answer] True- These modalities are replacing myelography. [Question]

Output: T/F To a certain degree, MRI and CT are replacing myelography as the imaging modalities of choice for the diagnosis of a ruptured intervertebral disk.


Input: [Answer] True. Nuclear Medicine is used to diagnose bone tumors of the spine. [Question]

Output: T/F Nuclear Medicine is often performed to diagnose bone tumors of the spine.


Input: [Answer] Keep the vertebral column parallel to the image receptor. [Question]

Output: To ensure that the intervertebral joint spaces are open for lateral thoracic spine projections, it is important to :


Input: [Answer] Using a small focal spot and increasing the source to image receptor distance (SID). [Question]

Output: For lateral and oblique projections of the cervical spine, it is important to minimize magnification and maximize detail by :


Input: [Answer] Spondylitis is an inflammatory process of the vertebrae. Spondylosis is a condition of the spine characterized by rigidity of a vertebral joint. [Question]

Output: What are the major differences between spondylosis and spondylitis?


Input: [Answer] Myelography [Question]

Output: What is the name of the radiographic procedure that requires the injection of contrast media into the subarachnoid space?


Input: [Answer] Nuclear Medicine [Question]

Output: Which imaging modality is ideal for detecting early signs of osteomyelitis?


Input: [Answer] True. [Question]

Output: T/F Many geriatric patients have a fear of falling off the radiographic table.


Input: [Answer] The lower margin of upper incisors and the base of the skull. [Question]

Output: Which two landmarks must be aligned for an AP "open mouth" projection.


Input: [Answer] To open the intervertebral disk space. [Question]

Output: What is the purpose of the 15 to 20 degree angle for the AP axial projection of the cervical spine?


Input: [Answer] Base of skull [Question]

Output: For an AP axial of the cervical spine, a plane through the tip of the mandible and _______ should be parallel to the angled central ray.


Input: [Answer] Less divergence of x-ray beam to reduce shoulder superimposition of C7, and compensates for increased OID; reducing magnification. [Question]

Output: What are two important benefits of an SID longer than 40-44 inches for the lateral cervical spine projections?


Input: [Answer] 15 degree cephalad angle. [Question]

Output: What central ray angulation must be used with a posterior oblique projection of the cervical spine?


Input: [Answer] The right intervertebral foramina or upside. [Question]

Output: Which foramina are demonstrated with a left posterior oblique (LPO) position of the cervical spine?


Input: [Answer] The left intervertebral foramina or downside. [Question]

Output: Which foramina are demonstrated witha a left anterior oblique (LAO) position of the cervical spine?


Input: [Answer] Rotate the skull into a near lateral position. [Question]

Output: In addition to extending the chin, which additional positioning technique can be performed to ensure that the mandible is not superimposed over the upper cervical vertebrae for the oblique projections?


Input: [Answer] 60" - 72" [Question]

Output: What is the recommended SID for a lateral projection of the cervical spine?


Input: [Answer] Expiration. To maximize shoulder depression. [Question]

Output: The lateral projection of the cervical spine should be taken during _________.


Input: [Answer] Lateral, horizontal beam projection. [Question]

Output: Which specific projection must be taken first if trauma to the cervical spine is suspected and the patient is in a supine position on a backboard?


Input: [Answer] Twining method. [Question]

Output: The proper name of the method for performing the cervicothoracic (swimmer's lateral) projection is the________.


Input: [Answer] At T1 1 inch above jugular notch, or at the vertebral prominence (C7) [Question]

Output: Where should the central ray be placed for a cervicothoracic (swimmer's lateral) projection?


Input: [Answer] C4 to T3 [Question]

Output: Which region of the spine must be demonstrated with a cervicothoracic (swimmer's lateral) projection?


Input: [Answer] Hyperextension and flexion lateral positions. [Question]

Output: Which one of the following projections is considered a "functional study" of the cervical spine. AP wagging jaw projection, AP open mouth position, Fuchs or Judd method, Hyperextension and flexion lateral positions.


Input: [Answer] If unable to demonstrate the upper portion of the dens with the AP open mouth projection. [Question]

Output: When should the Judd or Fuchs method be performed?


Input: [Answer] Scoliosis series. [Question]

Output: Which AP projection of the cervical spine demonstrates the entire upper cervical spine with one single projection?


Input: [Answer] correct use of anode-heel effect; use of compensating (wedge) filter. [Question]

Output: Which two things can be done to produce equal density along the entire thoracic spine for the AP projection (especially for a patient with a thick chest)?


Input: [Answer] To blur out rib and lung markings that obscure detail of thoracic vertebrae. [Question]

Output: What is the purpose for using a brething technique for a lateral projection of the thoracic spine?


Input: [Answer] The right downside. [Question]

Output: Which zygopophyseal joints are demonstrated in a right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of the thoracic spine?


Input: [Answer] Swimmer's Lateral [Question]

Output: Which one of the following projections delivers the greatest skin dose to the patient? AP thoracic spine projection, Lateral cervical spine projection, Swimmer's lateral projection, Fuchs or Judd method.


Input: [Answer] AP Thoracic spine at 90kV@7mAs [Question]

Output: Which of the following results in the lowest midline and skin doses for the patient? AP T-Spine projection at 90kV@7 mAs, AP T-spine at 80kV @12 mAs, Lateral T-spine at 80kV@50 mAs, Oblique T-spine at 80kV@20 mAs


Input: [Answer] True (anterior oblique <5 mrad; posterior oblique <69 mrad) [Question]

Output: T/F The thyroid dose used during a posterior oblique cervical spine projection is more than 10 times greater than the dose used for an anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine.


Input: [Answer] Articular pillar (lateral masses) of cervical spine. [Question]

Output: Which one of the following structures is best demonstrated with an AP axial vertebral arch projection? Spinous processes-lumbar spine, Articular pillar-(lateral mass)-cervical spine, Zygopophyseal joints-thoracic spine, Cervicothoracic spine region.


Input: [Answer] 20-30 degree caudal angle [Question]

Output: What central ray angle must be used with the AP axial-vertebral arch projection?


Input: [Answer] lead mat or masking [Question]

Output: What ancillary device should be placed behind the patient on the table top for a recumbent lateral projection of the thoracic spine when using computed radiography?


Input: [Answer] Mentomeatal line (MML) [Question]

Output: Which skull positioning line is aligned perpendicular to the IR for a PA (Judd) projection for the odontoid process?


Input: [Answer] right (upside) [Question]

Output: Which zygopophyseal joints are best demonstrated with a LPO position of the thoracic spine?


Input: [Answer] 20 degrees from lateral [Question]

Output: How much rotation of the body is required for an oblique position of the thoracic spine from a true lateral position?


Input: [Question] continental drift [Answer]

Output: the continents slow movement over Earth's surface


Input: [Question] fossil [Answer]

Output: any trace of an ancient organism preserved in rock


Input: [Question] sonar [Answer]

Output: a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and records the echoes of the sound waves


Input: [Question] deep-ocean trenches [Answer]

Output: underwater canyons


Input: [Question] subduction [Answer]

Output: proces by which ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle


Input: [Question] plates [Answer]

Output: the separate sections of the lithosphere


Input: [Question] scientific theory [Answer]

Output: well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations


Input: [Question] plate tectonics [Answer]

Output: pieces of Earths's lithosphere are in slow, constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle


Input: [Question] faults [Answer]

Output: breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other


Input: [Question] divergent boundary [Answer]

Output: place where two plates move apart


Input: [Question] rift valley [Answer]

Output: deep valley formed along the divergent boundary


Input: [Question] convergent boundary [Answer]

Output: place where two plates come together


Input: [Question] transform boundary [Answer]

Output: place where two plates slip past each other moving in opposite directions


Input: [Answer] the continents slow movement over Earth's surface [Question]

Output: continental drift


Input: [Answer] any trace of an ancient organism preserved in rock [Question]

Output: fossil


Input: [Answer] a device that bounces sound waves off underwater objects and records the echoes of the sound waves [Question]

Output: sonar


Input: [Answer] underwater canyons [Question]

Output: deep-ocean trenches


Input: [Answer] proces by which ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle [Question]

Output: subduction


Input: [Answer] the separate sections of the lithosphere [Question]

Output: plates


Input: [Answer] well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations [Question]

Output: scientific theory


Input: [Answer] pieces of Earths's lithosphere are in slow, constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle [Question]

Output: plate tectonics


Input: [Answer] breaks in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other [Question]

Output: faults


Input: [Answer] place where two plates move apart [Question]

Output: divergent boundary


Input: [Answer] deep valley formed along the divergent boundary [Question]

Output: rift valley


Input: [Answer] place where two plates come together [Question]

Output: convergent boundary


Input: [Answer] place where two plates slip past each other moving in opposite directions [Question]

Output: transform boundary


Input: [Question] We are continually exposed to natural background radiation. Natural background includes... [Answer]

Output: radiation from radioactive materials in nature and radiation from outer space


Input: [Question] When does thermionimic emission occur... [Answer]

Output: when the tungsten filament is heated


Input: [Question] dental x-ray is produced when... [Answer]

Output: high speed electrons strike a target


Input: [Question] x-rays are... [Answer]

Output: ionizing, electromagnetic radiation


Input: [Question] Accourding to the inverse square law, the intensity of radiation is ______ proportional to the _____ from the source of radiation... [Answer]

Output: inversely, square of the distance


Input: [Question] ____ speed film is currently the fastest intraoral film available [Answer]

Output: F


Input: [Question] the production of x-ray energy is dependent upon [Answer]

Output: heating the anode, heating the tungsten filament, and small focal spot


Input: [Question] What is the max permissible dose (MPD) in a calendar year to which radiation workers may be exposed... [Answer]

Output: 5.0rems/year(.05 silverts/year)


Input: [Question] operator of dental x-ray equipment are limited to ____ per 4/4 or(13 week period)... [Answer]

Output: 1.25 rems


Input: [Question] material that resist the penetration of x-ray the most... [Answer]

Output: lead


Input: [Question] what type of x-rays are best able to penetrate body tissue... [Answer]

Output: hard rays of short wave length


Input: [Question] Increasing kvp of dental x-ray machine produces... [Answer]

Output: greater penetrating power


Input: [Question] the purpose of a film badge (dosimeter) is to... [Answer]

Output: measure amount of radiation received by operator and measure the type of radiation received by the operator


Input: [Question] The purpose of filtering the x-ray beam is... [Answer]

Output: to remove soft or low energy x-rays


Input: [Question] the quantity or number of x-rays produced is determined by... [Answer]

Output: milliamperage and exposure time


Input: [Question] Most radiosensitive... [Answer]

Output: bone marrow


Input: [Question] collimation of the primary beam... [Answer]

Output: reduces the size of the beam


Input: [Question] When the target film distance is doubled, what happens to the intensity of the x-ray beam... [Answer]

Output: the beam will be 1/4th as intense


Input: [Question] John stands three feet away from the tube head when taking radiographs. Janelle stands six feet away. What is difference in the amount of radiation received by John... [Answer]

Output: John receive four times the amount of radiation


Input: [Question] In dental radiology, what is the purpose of the added aluminum filter... [Answer]

Output: to remove the longer, less penetrating x-ray from primary beam


Input: [Question] The Control switch should be located at least____ feet away from the tube head or should have a cord length sufficient... [Answer]

Output: 6 feet


Input: [Question] After the x-ray machine is turned off x-rays to bounce about the room... [Answer]

Output: never they stop instantly


Input: [Question] the recommended beam diameter is collimated to... [Answer]

Output: 2.75 in


Input: [Question] proper collimation of the primary beam will reduce... [Answer]

Output: secondary radiation, and radiation recevied by patient


Input: [Question] a collimator for dental x-ray machine is usually made of what material... [Answer]

Output: lead


Input: [Question] radiation injuries that do not appear in the person irradiated but occur in future generations are called... [Answer]

Output: genetic effects


Input: [Question] during pregnancy the greatest danger to the fetus is during... [Answer]

Output: the first trimester


Input: [Question] the factors that does not effect the amount of radiation injury... [Answer]

Output: the type of film used


Input: [Question] organs in the head and neck which are believed to be sensitive to the x-ray are... [Answer]

Output: thyroid and lense of eye


Input: [Question] what is most effective in reducing radiation exposure to the patient... [Answer]

Output: fast film


Input: [Question] the comulative effects of x-rays on living material means... [Answer]

Output: each successive additional radiation exposure may an increasing damaging effect and damage from radiation is never completely repaired


Input: [Question] Radiographs absorbing materials (protective barriers) known to be most effective are... [Answer]

Output: Lead, concrete, or two 5 x 8" thickness of gypsum board


Input: [Question] In normal dental radiographic procedures the hazard to the operator is from... [Answer]

Output: Secondary or scattered radiation


Input: [Question] The earliest visible sign to the skin from overexposure to radiation is... [Answer]

Output: an erythema


Input: [Question] The unit used to measure the dose equivalent of radiation exposure is termed... [Answer]

Output: sievert (Sv) or Rem (roentgen equivalent in man)


Input: [Question] monitoring devices might be worn by operators of x-ray equipment to measure radiation exposure... [Answer]

Output: film badge or dosimeter


Input: [Question] the most effective way to reduce gonadal radiation for a dental patient is to use... [Answer]

Output: a leaded lap apron


Input: [Question] least radiosensitive (least sensitive to x-rays)... [Answer]

Output: muscle cells


Input: [Question] ________ is the damaging bio-chemical change in living tissues which results from exposure to x- radiation... [Answer]

Output: ionization


Input: [Question] all dental personnel should use the concept of______ for radiation protection... [Answer]

Output: ALARA


Input: [Question] A radiograph is too dark (overexposed). The cause could be... [Answer]

Output: excessive milliamperage (too much mA) and excessive exposure (too much time)


Input: [Question] the thinkness of the aluminum filter on an x-ray machine that operates above 70kVp is... [Answer]

Output: 2.5mm thick


Input: [Question] the differences between shades ranging from black to white in adjacent area of the radiograph is termed... [Answer]

Output: contrast


Input: [Question] dental radiographs legally belong to [Answer]

Output: the dentist because the patient is paying for the diagnosis


Input: [Question] position indicating devices (PID) that is least effective in reducing scatter radiation [Answer]

Output: pointed plastic cone


Input: [Question] a radiograph with low contrast may be produced by... [Answer]

Output: increasing kVp


Input: [Question] which of the following PID length would produce a radiograph with better detail, definition, and the least image magnification... [Answer]

Output: 16 inches


Input: [Question] which term describes the white areas on the processed radiograph... [Answer]

Output: radiopaque (roentgen-opaque)


Input: [Question] the yearly Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD) allowed pregnant radiation workers, the general public, and radiation workers under the age of 18 is... [Answer]

Output: 0.1 R per year


Input: [Question] who is the only person who should be in the path of the primary beam... [Answer]

Output: the patient


Input: [Question] algae [Answer]

Output: group of related living things, mostly living in the water


Input: [Question] concealed [Answer]

Output: put out of sight; hidden


Input: [Question] driftwood [Answer]

Output: wood carried along by water or washed ashore from the water


Input: [Question] hammocks [Answer]

Output: hanging beds or couches made of canvas, cord, etc.


Input: [Question] lamented [Answer]

Output: felt or showed grief for


Input: [Question] sea urchins [Answer]

Output: small, round sea animals with spiny shells


Input: [Question] sternly [Answer]

Output: strictly; firmly


Input: [Question] tweezers [Answer]

Output: small pincers for picking up small objects


Input: [Question] cockles [Answer]

Output: saltwater clams with two-ridged, heart-shaped shells


Input: [Question] dislodged [Answer]

Output: driven or forced out of place or position


Input: [Question] emphatically [Answer]

Output: said or done forcefully, strongly


Input: [Symbol] H [Element Name]

Output: Hydrogen


Input: [Symbol] He [Element Name]

Output: Helium


Input: [Symbol] C [Element Name]

Output: Carbon


Input: [Symbol] N [Element Name]

Output: Nitrogen


Input: [Symbol] O [Element Name]

Output: Oxygem


Input: [Symbol] Ne [Element Name]

Output: Neon


Input: [Symbol] Na [Element Name]

Output: Sodium


Input: [Symbol] Mg [Element Name]

Output: Magnesium


Input: [Symbol] Fe [Element Name]

Output: Iron


Input: [Symbol] Li [Element Name]

Output: Lithium


Input: [Symbol] Ni [Element Name]

Output: Nickel


Input: [Symbol] Al [Element Name]

Output: Aluminum


Input: [Symbol] Cl [Element Name]

Output: Chlorine


Input: [Symbol] S [Element Name]

Output: Sulfur


Input: [Symbol] K [Element Name]

Output: Potassium


Input: [Symbol] Ag [Element Name]

Output: Silver


Input: [Symbol] Hg [Element Name]

Output: Mercury


Input: [Symbol] Pb [Element Name]

Output: Lead


Input: [Symbol] I [Element Name]

Output: Iodine


Input: [Symbol] P [Element Name]

Output: Phosphorus


Input: [Symbol] Zn [Element Name]

Output: Zinc


Input: [Symbol] U [Element Name]

Output: Uranium


Input: [Symbol] Kr [Element Name]

Output: Krypton


Input: [Symbol] Ar [Element Name]

Output: Argon


Input: [Symbol] Ca [Element Name]

Output: Calcium


Input: [Symbol] W [Element Name]

Output: Tungsten


Input: [Symbol] Co [Element Name]

Output: Cobalt


Input: [Symbol] Au [Element Name]

Output: Gold


Input: [Symbol] Sn [Element Name]

Output: Tin


Input: [Symbol] Pu [Element Name]

Output: Plutonium


Input: [Symbol] Cu [Element Name]

Output: Copper


Input: [Symbol] Ti [Element Name]

Output: Titanium


Input: [Symbol] Cs [Element Name]

Output: Cesium


Input: [Symbol] Br [Element Name]

Output: Bromine


Input: [Symbol] As [Element Name]

Output: Arsenic


Input: [Symbol] Pt [Element Name]

Output: Platinum


Input: [Symbol] Rb [Element Name]

Output: Rubidium


Input: [Symbol] Sr [Element Name]

Output: Strontium


Input: [Symbol] Rn [Element Name]

Output: Radon


Input: [Symbol] Fr [Element Name]

Output: Francium


Input: [Symbol] Si [Element Name]

Output: Silicon


Input: [Symbol] Be [Element Name]

Output: Berylium


Input: [Symbol] F [Element Name]

Output: Flourine


Input: [Symbol] B [Element Name]

Output: Boron


Input: [Symbol] Mn [Element Name]

Output: Manganese


Input: [Symbol] Zr [Element Name]

Output: Zirconium


Input: [Symbol] Ir [Element Name]

Output: Iridium


Input: [Symbol] Md [Element Name]

Output: Mendelevium


Input: [Symbol] Cr [Element Name]

Output: Chromium


Input: [Symbol] Bi [Element Name]

Output: Bismuth


Input: [Question] Patient with Hepititis A has what type of elevated bilirubin levels? [Answer]

Output: indirect Bilirubin


Input: [Question] Why is nitrogen metabolism important? [Answer]

Output: We need amino acids and they cannot be stored.


Input: [Question] Is nitrogen secreted? [Answer]

Output: not generally


Input: [Question] What are amino acids broken down for? [Answer]

Output: fuel or building blocks glucose and lipid synthesis


Input: [Question] What does the breakdown of amino acids generate? [Answer]

Output: ammonia


Input: [Question] Is ammonia toxic? [Answer]

Output: yes


Input: [Question] What is ammonium? [Answer]

Output: NH4, an ion


Input: [Question] What will cross the cell membrane, ammonia or ammonium? [Answer]

Output: ammonia


Input: [Question] pK is 9.3 so at pH 7 which form predominates, ammonia or ammonium? [Answer]

Output: ammonium


Input: [Question] Why is ammonia toxic? [Answer]

Output: It increases pH which alters redox balance and can disrupt protein structure/function as well as inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation by breaking down the H+ gradient


Input: [Question] Where do we get our amino acids? [Answer]

Output: dietary proteins, endogenous protein and endogenous AA synthesis


Input: [Question] What do amino acids break down into? [Answer]

Output: carbon and nitrogen


Input: [Question] What do we do with carbon from AA degeneration? [Answer]

Output: energy and synthesis of glucose, FA and ketones


Input: [Question] What do we do with nitrogen from AA degeneration? [Answer]

Output: urea


Input: [Question] What do we synthesis with amino acids? [Answer]

Output: N-containing molecules such as purines, pyrimidines, porphyrins, neurotransmitters, etc.


Input: [Question] What is Nitrogen Balance? [Answer]

Output: nitrogen input – nitrogen output


Input: [Question] What is positive N balance? [Answer]

Output: input > output


Input: [Question] What is negative N balance? [Answer]

Output: input


Input: [Question] When do we see a positive N balance? [Answer]

Output: Childhood and pregnancy


Input: [Question] When do we see a negative N balance? [Answer]

Output: dietary deficiency and catabolic stress


Input: [Question] What are the 10 essential amino acids? [Answer]

Output: phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, histidine, arginine, lysine, leucine


Input: [Question] What is the neumonic for remembering the 10 essential amino acids? [Answer]

Output: PVT TIM HALL


Input: [Question] Why is histidine an essential amino acid when it is synthesized in the urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: It is needed for growth and we don’t make enough


Input: [Question] How is aspartate synthesized? [Answer]

Output: transanimation from oxaloacetate


Input: [Question] Tyrosine is made from? [Answer]

Output: phenylalanine


Input: [Question] Arginine is generated in? [Answer]

Output: the urea cycle


Input: [Question] Glutamine is made from? [Answer]

Output: transanimation of glutamate


Input: [Question] What are aminotransferases? [Answer]

Output: intracellular proteins not usually found in plasma. It is a transaminase


Input: [Question] What are the tree cofactors important for AA synthesis? [Answer]

Output: pyridoxal phosphate, tetrahydrofolate and tetrahydroblopterin


Input: [Question] Why is pyridoxal phosphate important? [Answer]

Output: for reactions involving the amino group (transamination and deamination)


Input: [Question] Where does protein digestion start? [Answer]

Output: stomach. HCl denatures the proteins to free AA


Input: [Question] Where are free AA absorbed? [Answer]

Output: small intestine


Input: [Question] How are AA absorbed in the small intestine? [Answer]

Output: facilitative diffusion and secondary active transport


Input: [Question] What is done with incompletely digested protein? [Answer]

Output: utilized by bacteria releasing ammonia


Input: [Question] How are AA transported? [Answer]

Output: Na dependent AA carriers


Input: [Question] What is cystinurea? [Answer]

Output: defect in a transporter for cysteine and basic AA that results in kidney stones?


Input: [Question] What is Hartnup disease? [Answer]

Output: defect in the transporter for neutral AA generally asymptomatic


Input: [Question] What happens to the amino acids we dno’t need for protein synthesis? [Answer]

Output: amino group is removed thru transamination or deamination


Input: [Question] What is more common transamination or damination? [Answer]

Output: transamination


Input: [Question] What catalizes transamination? [Answer]

Output: aminotransferases


Input: [Question] What is transamination? [Answer]

Output: conversino from keto acid to amino acid or vice versa


Input: [Question] What does Aspartate go to? [Answer]

Output: asparagine


Input: [Question] What does pyruvate go to? [Answer]

Output: alanine


Input: [Question] What does serine go to? [Answer]

Output: glycine or cysteine


Input: [Question] What does glutamate go to? [Answer]

Output: Glutamine


Input: [Question] Glutamate semialdehyde goes to? [Answer]

Output: proline and arginine


Input: [Question] How is pyridoxal phosphate synthesized and where? [Answer]

Output: In the liver from vitamin B6


Input: [Question] What is B6 deficiency associated with? [Answer]

Output: drugs, alcoholism and starvation


Input: [Question] how does glutamate get rid of the nitrogen? [Answer]

Output: Damination by glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)


Input: [Question] What is produced when glutamate is deaminated? [Answer]

Output: ammonia and alpha-ketoglutarate


Input: [Question] Where does deamination of glutamate occur? [Answer]

Output: liver and kidney


Input: [Question] Deamination of glutamate results in… [Answer]

Output: Glutamate + NH4 -> Alpha ketoglutinate + Ammonium


Input: [Question] How many ammonium molecules does glutamine carry to the liver? [Answer]

Output: 2


Input: [Question] What is pyruvate transaminated to? [Answer]

Output: alanine


Input: [Question] What does alanine give an amino group to in order to go back to pyruvate? [Answer]

Output: glutamate


Input: [Question] Nitrogen component in AA catabolism is transferred to _________ where it is carried to the liver. [Answer]

Output: glutamate and glutamine


Input: [Question] What are glucogenic AA? [Answer]

Output: degraded to pyruvate or TCA cycle intermediates


Input: [Question] What are ketogenic AA? [Answer]

Output: degraded to acetyl CoA or acetoacetate


Input: [Question] What does insulin promote with AA? [Answer]

Output: uptake and protein synthesis


Input: [Question] What do glucocorticoids induce? [Answer]

Output: ubiquitin synthesis


Input: [Question] Cortisol stimulates? [Answer]

Output: gluconeogenesis


Input: [Question] Glucagaon and cortisol stimulate [Answer]

Output: uptake of AAs into the liver


Input: [Question] What tissues metabolize AAs more rapidly? [Answer]

Output: kidney, brain, gut, immune cells


Input: [Question] What hormone will lead to muscle wasting in fasting state? [Answer]

Output: cortisol


Input: [Question] What is a hypercatabolic state? [Answer]

Output: state of increased fuel usage


Input: [Question] What may cause a hypercatabolic state? [Answer]

Output: surgery, infection, trauma


Input: [Question] What does the brain need AA for? [Answer]

Output: synthesis of neurotransmitters


Input: [Question] What is a major source of AA in the fasted state? [Answer]

Output: muscle


Input: [Question] What is the important hormone in a hypercatabolic state? [Answer]

Output: cortisol


Input: [Question] What is urea? [Answer]

Output: disposal form of ammonia


Input: [Question] Where is urea made? [Answer]

Output: urea cycle


Input: [Question] What enzyme is used to go from ornithine to citrulline? [Answer]

Output: OTC Ornithine transcarbomylase


Input: [Question] What enzyme is needed to go from HCO3 + NH4 -> Carbaoyl phosphate? [Answer]

Output: Carbamoyl Phospahte synthase 1


Input: [Question] Is the synthesis of urea reversible? [Answer]

Output: no


Input: [Question] Where do the first two steps of urea cycle take place? [Answer]

Output: mitochondria


Input: [Question] What is the rate limiting step? [Answer]

Output: CPS1


Input: [Question] What links the TCA cycle to the urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: fumerate


Input: [Question] What is regenerated in the urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: ornithine


Input: [Question] Where does the urea cycle primarily take place? [Answer]

Output: liver


Input: [Question] Is ATP used in urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: yes


Input: [Question] Where do the two N come from? [Answer]

Output: Ammonia and aspartate


Input: [Question] How many N come from the urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: 2


Input: [Question] How is the urea cycle regulated? [Answer]

Output: based on substrate availability (feed forward)


Input: [Question] What kind of diet induces urea cycle enzymes? [Answer]

Output: high protein or prolonged fasting


Input: [Question] What stimulates CPS1? [Answer]

Output: NAG (n-acetylglutamate)


Input: [Question] What synthesizes NAG? [Answer]

Output: aceytl CoA and glutamate


Input: [Question] What happens to the urea produced in urea cycle? [Answer]

Output: crosses membranes and diffuses into the blood and is then filtered by the kidneys. Some diffuses into intestines where it is cleaved by bacteria


Input: [Question] What is Blood urea Nitrogen? [Answer]

Output: BUN is a measure of urea concentration in the blood. Reflects function of the kidney and liver.


Input: [Question] A patient is suffering from kidney failure. Would this patient have elevated or reduced BUN? [Answer]

Output: elevated


Input: [Question] Urea cycle impairment results in? [Answer]

Output: hyperammonemia


Input: [Question] What is hyperammonemia? [Answer]

Output: increased blood levels of ammonia


Input: [Question] What are symptoms of hyperammonemia? [Answer]

Output: tremors, agitation, slurring of speech, blurred vision, vomiting, hypotonia, sezures, mental retardation, cerebral edema, coma


Input: [Question] What is the most common urea cycle disorder? [Answer]

Output: OTC, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency


Input: [Question] What is OTC? [Answer]

Output: Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency which is X-linked


Input: [Question] How are hereditary urea cycle disorders passed on (except OTC)? [Answer]

Output: Autosomal recessive


Input: [Question] Is the Ability to do work [Answer]

Output: Energy


Input: [Question] What is matter made up of? [Answer]

Output: Atoms and Molecules


Input: [Question] Atoms and Molecule moving around produce what kind of energy? [Answer]

Output: Kinetic


Input: [Question] The Total Kinetic energy of particles in a substance. [Answer]

Output: Thermal Energy


Input: [Question] Measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is called... [Answer]

Output: Temperature


Input: [Question] Stored energy that an object or substance has because of its motion. [Answer]

Output: Potential Energy


Input: [Question] The instrument that measures temperature [Answer]

Output: Thermometer


Input: [Question] Almost all substance ------ when heated and contract when cooled. [Answer]

Output: Expand


Input: [Question] In Maine, a birthday balloon filled with helium and tied to a mailbox with shrink faster in January or July? [Answer]

Output: January


Input: [Question] A Wooden dresser drawer may be more difficult to close during the winter or summer months? [Answer]

Output: Summer


Input: [Question] Engineers design spaces between bridge sections to prevent buckling by allowing for thermal (reduction or expansion) and contraction. [Answer]

Output: Expansion


Input: [Question] Unit of measure used to measure thermal energy. [Answer]

Output: Calorie


Input: [Question] Certain type of sound often thought of as harsh, unwanted, or surprising. [Answer]

Output: Noise


Input: [Question] A sound wave gradually ----- as its energy is used up. [Answer]

Output: Fades


Input: [Question] An ---- is a sound wave that bounces back toward its source and is heard. [Answer]

Output: Echo


Input: [Question] Oilbirds use ------------ to help them "see" in dark areas. [Answer]

Output: Echolocation


Input: [Question] Type of echolocation that locates items underwater. [Answer]

Output: Sonar


Input: [Question] Technology that uses echoes of high-frequency sound waves to "see" inside of a human body. [Answer]

Output: Ultrasound


Input: [Question] The study of this helped in the development of early ideas and theories about sound. [Answer]

Output: Music


Input: [Question] The waves of calm sounds are usually seen as smooth curves while the waves of harsh sounds look rough and jagged on a microphone or an oscilloscope. [Answer]

Output: Oscilloscope


Input: [Question] The science of sound is called ------. [Answer]

Output: Acoustics


Input: [Question] Surfaces that are smooth and hard usually absorb or reflect sound? [Answer]

Output: Reflect


Input: [Question] Materials that are ------, soft or fuzzy usually absorb sound. Rough or Smooth? [Answer]

Output: Rough


Input: [Question] Name the Type of Wave, Light or Sound described: Electromagnetic: Can travel though both matter and empty space. [Answer]

Output: Light


Input: [Question] Name the Type of Wave, Light or Sound decribed: Faster of these two waves. [Answer]

Output: Light


Input: [Question] Name the Type of Wave, Light or Sound decribed: Longitudinal Wave [Answer]

Output: Sound


Input: [Question] Name the Type of Wave, Light or Sound described: Transverse Wave [Answer]

Output: Light


Input: [Question] Name the Type of Wave, Light or Sound described: Mechanical wave, can travel only through matter [Answer]

Output: Sound


Input: [Question] Highest point of a wave [Answer]

Output: Crest


Input: [Question] Lowest point of a wave [Answer]

Output: Trough


Input: [Question] Distance between 2 crests and 2 troughs [Answer]

Output: Wavelength


Input: [Question] Height of a wave [Answer]

Output: amplitude


Input: [Question] Number of waves that pass a certain point in one second [Answer]

Output: Frequency


Input: [Question] Distance that one wave travels in one second [Answer]

Output: Speed


Input: [Question] Form of wave energy [Answer]

Output: Light


Input: [Question] The different colors of light are called [Answer]

Output: Visible Spectrum


Input: [Question] Light always travels in a staight line. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] The bending of light as it passes from one medium into another [Answer]

Output: Refraction


Input: [Question] Objects that do not let light pass through [Answer]

Output: Opaque


Input: [Question] The colors in the visible spectrum [Answer]

Output: Roy g biv red green blue


Input: [Question] The color that is seen depends on which colors of light are reflected to your eyes and which are absorbed. True or false. [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] When all colors of light are reflected you see white. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] When all colors of light are absorbed you see black [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] The primary colors of light are red blue and green. The colors can be used to make all other colors of light. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] The primary colors of light are different from the primary colors of art. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] Pigments are opaque substances that are used to color other materials. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] The attraction between particles of a substance depends on the speed at which its particles move. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] When the temperature of a substance increases, the speed of its particles also increases. [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] The slower particles move, the more attraction there is between the particles. [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] What Scale do scientists use to measure temperature? Fahrenheit or Celsius? [Answer]

Output: Celsius


Input: [Question] Energy has many forms. True or False [Answer]

Output: True


Input: [Question] What state of matter is it?Particles vibrate back and forth: great attraction between the particles. Gas, liquid or solid? [Answer]

Output: Solid


Input: [Question] What state of matter is it?Particles move faster than in a solid: Less attraction between the particles than in a solid. gas, liquid or solid? [Answer]

Output: liquid


Input: [Question] What state of matter is it? Particles move rapidly and cover great distances: little attraction between the particles Gas, liquid or solid [Answer]

Output: Gas


Input: [Question] Movement of thermal energy from one substance to another [Answer]

Output: Heat


Input: [Question] What type of heat do the following statments describe?Heat that occurs when particles bump into each other but do not change location. and Used to hear solids. Conduction, Convection or Radiation [Answer]

Output: Conduction


Input: [Question] What type of heat does the following statements describe: Heat that occurs when particles carry thermal energy as they move from one place to another and Usually occurs in liquids and gases. Conduction, Convection or Radiation [Answer]

Output: Convection


Input: [Question] What type of heat do the following statments describe? An important source of heat and light from the sun. and Heat that occurrs when there are no particles to carry the energy. Conduction, Convection or Radiation [Answer]

Output: Radiation


Input: [Question] Amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius is called----- [Answer]

Output: Calorie


Input: [Term] ATM [Definition]

Output: "Automated Teller Machine (cash machine)"


Input: [Term] Account Balance [Definition]

Output: The amount of money in an account, equal to the net of credits and debits at that point in time for that account. also called balance.


Input: [Term] Budget [Definition]

Output: A budget can be made for a person, family, group of people, business, government, country, multinational organization or just about anything else that makes and spends money


Input: [Term] Checking Account [Definition]

Output: In deposit terminology, the term Checking Account refers to a deposit account at a bank or other financial institution which allows the holder of the account the ability to write checks against their deposits. While most Checking Accounts do not pay inter


Input: [Term] Cleared Check [Definition]

Output: The movement of a check from the depository institution at which it was deposited back to the institution on which it was written; the movement of funds in the opposite direction and the corresponding credit and debit to the involved accounts. The Federal


Input: [Term] Credi Uniont [Definition]

Output: A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members


Input: [Term] Debit Card [Definition]

Output: A card issued by a bank allowing the holder to transfer money electronically to another bank account when making a purchase.


Input: [Term] Depsoit [Definition]

Output: A sum of money placed or kept in a bank account, usually to gain interest


Input: [Term] Direct Deposit [Definition]

Output: The electronic transfer of a payment directly from the account of the payer to the recipient's account.


Input: [Term] Endorse [Definition]

Output: 1.Declare one's public approval or support of. 2.Recommend (a product) in an advertisement


Input: [Term] Expense Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for. [Definition]

Output: The cost required for something; the money spent on something The cost required for something; the money spent on something. The cost required for something; the money spent on something. The cost required for something;


Input: [Term] FDIC [Definition]

Output: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a body that underwrites most private bank deposits.


Input: [Term] Fees [Definition]

Output: 1.A payment made for professional advice or services. 2.Money paid as part of a special transaction, e.g., for a privilege or for admission to something.


Input: [Term] Financial Literacy [Definition]

Output: Financial literacy is the ability to understand finance. More specifically, it refers to the set of skills and knowledge that allow an...


Input: [Term] Financial Security [Definition]

Output: A security is a fungible, negotiable instrument representing financial value. Securities are broadly categorized into debt securities...


Input: [Term] Fixed Expense [Definition]

Output: Costs of owning and operating a property that are not discretionary and, except for occasional increases, do not change...


Input: [Term] Income [Definition]

Output: Money received, esp. on a regular basis, for work Money received, esp. on a regular basis, for work or through investments.


Input: [Term] Interest [Definition]

Output: The state of wanting to know or learn about something or someone: "many people lose interest in history".


Input: [Term] Loan Overdraft [Definition]

Output: The amount by which withdrawals exceed deposits, or the extension of credit by a lending institution to allow for such a situation. Usage Examples Login or Register to see usage examples. Recommended Articles from InvestorGuide.c


Input: [Term] Memo [Definition]

Output: A written message, esp. in business; a memorandum. A written message, esp. in business; a memorandum. A written message, esp. in business


Input: [Term] Needs [Definition]

Output: Cannot avoid or help doing something: "they must needs depart".


Input: [Term] Nonsufficient funds (NSF)- [Definition]

Output: Non-sufficient funds (NSF) is a term used in the banking industry to indicate that a demand for payment (a check) cannot be honored...


Input: [Term] Online Banking [Definition]

Output: banking (or Internet banking) allows customers to conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by their retail


Input: [Term] Payee [Definition]

Output: A person to whom money is paid or is to be paid, esp. the person to whom a check is made payable.


Input: [Term] Payer [Definition]

Output: a person who pays money for something


Input: [Term] Reconcile [Definition]

Output: 1.Restore friendly relations between: "she wanted to be reconciled with her father". 2.Cause to coexist in harmony; make or show to be compatible


Input: [Term] Savings [Definition]

Output: 1.An economy of or reduction in money, time, or another resource. 2.The money one has saved, esp. through a bank or official scheme


Input: [Term] Variable Expenses [Definition]

Output: (Variable expense) Variable costs are expenses that change in proportion to the activity of a business.Garrison, Noreen


Input: [Term] Wants [Definition]

Output: Have a desire to possess or do (something); Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for.


Input: [Definition] "Automated Teller Machine (cash machine)" [Term]

Output: ATM


Input: [Definition] The amount of money in an account, equal to the net of credits and debits at that point in time for that account. also called balance. [Term]

Output: Account Balance


Input: [Definition] A budget can be made for a person, family, group of people, business, government, country, multinational organization or just about anything else that makes and spends money [Term]

Output: Budget


Input: [Definition] In deposit terminology, the term Checking Account refers to a deposit account at a bank or other financial institution which allows the holder of the account the ability to write checks against their deposits. While most Checking Accounts do not pay inter [Term]

Output: Checking Account


Input: [Definition] The movement of a check from the depository institution at which it was deposited back to the institution on which it was written; the movement of funds in the opposite direction and the corresponding credit and debit to the involved accounts. The Federal [Term]

Output: Cleared Check


Input: [Definition] A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members [Term]

Output: Credi Uniont


Input: [Definition] A card issued by a bank allowing the holder to transfer money electronically to another bank account when making a purchase. [Term]

Output: Debit Card


Input: [Definition] A sum of money placed or kept in a bank account, usually to gain interest [Term]

Output: Depsoit


Input: [Definition] The electronic transfer of a payment directly from the account of the payer to the recipient's account. [Term]

Output: Direct Deposit


Input: [Definition] 1.Declare one's public approval or support of. 2.Recommend (a product) in an advertisement [Term]

Output: Endorse


Input: [Definition] The cost required for something; the money spent on something The cost required for something; the money spent on something. The cost required for something; the money spent on something. The cost required for something; [Term]

Output: Expense Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for.


Input: [Definition] Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a body that underwrites most private bank deposits. [Term]

Output: FDIC


Input: [Definition] 1.A payment made for professional advice or services. 2.Money paid as part of a special transaction, e.g., for a privilege or for admission to something. [Term]

Output: Fees


Input: [Definition] Financial literacy is the ability to understand finance. More specifically, it refers to the set of skills and knowledge that allow an... [Term]

Output: Financial Literacy


Input: [Definition] A security is a fungible, negotiable instrument representing financial value. Securities are broadly categorized into debt securities... [Term]

Output: Financial Security


Input: [Definition] Costs of owning and operating a property that are not discretionary and, except for occasional increases, do not change... [Term]

Output: Fixed Expense


Input: [Definition] Money received, esp. on a regular basis, for work Money received, esp. on a regular basis, for work or through investments. [Term]

Output: Income


Input: [Definition] The state of wanting to know or learn about something or someone: "many people lose interest in history". [Term]

Output: Interest


Input: [Definition] The amount by which withdrawals exceed deposits, or the extension of credit by a lending institution to allow for such a situation. Usage Examples Login or Register to see usage examples. Recommended Articles from InvestorGuide.c [Term]

Output: Loan Overdraft


Input: [Definition] A written message, esp. in business; a memorandum. A written message, esp. in business; a memorandum. A written message, esp. in business [Term]

Output: Memo


Input: [Definition] Cannot avoid or help doing something: "they must needs depart". [Term]

Output: Needs


Input: [Definition] Non-sufficient funds (NSF) is a term used in the banking industry to indicate that a demand for payment (a check) cannot be honored... [Term]

Output: Nonsufficient funds (NSF)-


Input: [Definition] banking (or Internet banking) allows customers to conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by their retail [Term]

Output: Online Banking


Input: [Definition] A person to whom money is paid or is to be paid, esp. the person to whom a check is made payable. [Term]

Output: Payee


Input: [Definition] a person who pays money for something [Term]

Output: Payer


Input: [Definition] 1.Restore friendly relations between: "she wanted to be reconciled with her father". 2.Cause to coexist in harmony; make or show to be compatible [Term]

Output: Reconcile


Input: [Definition] 1.An economy of or reduction in money, time, or another resource. 2.The money one has saved, esp. through a bank or official scheme [Term]

Output: Savings


Input: [Definition] (Variable expense) Variable costs are expenses that change in proportion to the activity of a business.Garrison, Noreen [Term]

Output: Variable Expenses


Input: [Definition] Have a desire to possess or do (something); Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for. [Term]

Output: Wants


Input: [Term]

Output: Have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for.


Input: [Term] job [Definition]

Output: A work opportunity or position to earn wages; may be short-term


Input: [Term] career [Definition]

Output: A long-term series of work experience in particular field


Input: [Term] Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook [Definition]

Output: A leading resource with comprehensive information about occupations


Input: [Term] Educational Requirements [Definition]

Output: Education, training, and or instruction received to qualify or the position


Input: [Term] Working Conditions [Definition]

Output: Existing conditions of the workplace where job will be carried out


Input: [Term] Occupational outlook [Definition]

Output: Factors that influence future job/career opportunites


Input: [Term] Base salary [Definition]

Output: The dollar amount a person receives in a salary per pay period before deductions


Input: [Term] fringe benefits [Definition]

Output: Employee benefits and additional compensation beyond wage/sage. May included paid sick leave, holidays, vacation time, bonuses, insurance, and retirement an investment programs


Input: [Term] paid sick leave [Definition]

Output: Paid leave from work granted because of illness


Input: [Term] hoildays [Definition]

Output: A paid day fixed by law or custom on which ordinary business is suspended in commemoration of some event


Input: [Term] vacation time [Definition]

Output: Paid days away from work for a period of time usually used for rest, recreation, travel or holiday:


Input: [Term] bonus [Definition]

Output: Extra pay beyond a stipulated base salary


Input: [Term] insurance [Definition]

Output: health, dental, lie, and disability


Input: [Term] rtirement [Definition]

Output: A pension or other income on which a retired person lives


Input: [Term] investment programs [Definition]

Output: Opportunities to invest of money or capital in order to gain profitable returns, as interest, income, or appreciation in vaule


Input: [Term] employer-provided services [Definition]

Output: Child and elder care, flexible hours, gym memberships, discounts and home offices


Input: [Term] additional job "perks" [Definition]

Output: Stock options, company car, relocation expenses, and tution


Input: [Term] cost of living [Definition]

Output: Food, transportation, housing, clothing, and other everyday expenses


Input: [Term] cost of living index [Definition]

Output: A rating of communities on a scale where 100.0 is the average cost of living, an index below 100.0 is lower cost of living, and an index above 100.0 is higher cost of living


Input: [Question] flippers [Answer]

Output: limbs for swimming


Input: [Question] cuddles [Answer]

Output: curls up close


Input: [Question] hatch [Answer]

Output: come out of an egg


Input: [Question] frozen [Answer]

Output: iced over


Input: [Question] pecks [Answer]

Output: strikes


Input: [Question] snuggle [Answer]

Output: get warm and fuzzy


Input: [Question] preen [Answer]

Output: clean


Input: [Question] buy a house [Answer]

Output: sell a house


Input: [Question] win a match [Answer]

Output: lose a match


Input: [Question] lend money to somebody [Answer]

Output: borrow from somebody


Input: [Question] find your keys [Answer]

Output: lose your keys


Input: [Question] push the door [Answer]

Output: pull the door


Input: [Question] pass an exam [Answer]

Output: fail an exam


Input: [Question] forget a name [Answer]

Output: remember a name


Input: [Question] turn on TV [Answer]

Output: turn off TV


Input: [Question] send an email [Answer]

Output: get/receive an email


Input: [Question] miss a train [Answer]

Output: catch a train


Input: [Question] arrive at the station [Answer]

Output: leave the station


Input: [Question] teach a language [Answer]

Output: learn a language


Input: [Question] Improvise buisness operations by gathering and using database reasearch [Answer]

Output: total quality management


Input: [Question] Increased international competiton for U.S. companies [Answer]

Output: global market place


Input: [Question] A computer file of related information about a specific topic [Answer]

Output: database


Input: [Question] Replaced diaries [Answer]

Output: people meters


Input: [Question] Gathering, recording, and analyzing information about consumer behavior and sales [Answer]

Output: marketing research


Input: [Question] Evaluation of such topics as package design [Answer]

Output: product research


Input: [Question] Assembles important data on radio advertising [Answer]

Output: Arbitron


Input: [Question] Methods and procedures for generating, analyzing, and storing data about consumers, sales, and ads [Answer]

Output: marketing information systems


Input: [Question] An estimate of a product's future sales [Answer]

Output: sales forcasting


Input: [Question] Publishes rates and data for advertising industry [Answer]

Output: SRDS


Input: [Question] Using existing market data and new research to assemble a profile are all a function of_____intelligence. [Answer]

Output: market


Input: [Question] Predicting future economic conditions in particular geographic areas is called economic_____ [Answer]

Output: forecasting


Input: [Question] The way to measure customer satisfaction with a product is by looking at the product's continued_____ [Answer]

Output: sales


Input: [Question] Sylvia keeps careful watch over her company's market share, which is also known as its sales_____,in the competitive business of soap manufacturing. [Answer]

Output: penetration


Input: [Question] When companies study consumer opinion reasearch polls to learn how people feel about certain products or ideas, the companies are engaging in_____research. [Answer]

Output: attitude


Input: [Question] _____research gathers information from large segments of people and relies heavily on surveys to gather information. [Answer]

Output: Quantitative


Input: [Question] A primary way that a company can avoid having its new product fail is by first engaging in_____research. [Answer]

Output: marketing


Input: [Question] Albertson's offers special rewards for customers who fill out a preferred member application. In marketing terms this is a function of collecting______ [Answer]

Output: data


Input: [Question] Woods and Poole Economics, Inc. will provide buisnesses with demograhpic and economic information about every county and state in the U.S. This information helps buisnessess with their____ [Answer]

Output: economic


Input: [Question] For buisnesses, the major source of data on future economic trends such as inflation rates is the federal government. [Answer]

Output: true


Input: [Question] A company's existing and projected sales data are part of the marketing mix. [Answer]

Output: false


Input: [Question] Test marketing occurs in only one geographic area at a time so that testing results can be measured more easily. [Answer]

Output: false


Input: [Question] Ten percent of all new products are successful in the consumer marketplace. [Answer]

Output: true


Input: [Question] Consumer panels must be composed of cross sections of people in order to provide reliable information. [Answer]

Output: false


Input: [Question] What is the primary focus of marketing research? [Answer]

Output: obtaining information about customers' behavior, opinions, and plans.


Input: [Question] What is an example of a group that specializes in markeing research? [Answer]

Output: Consumer Product Safety Commission


Input: [Question] In what area of marketing research does Arbitron specialize? [Answer]

Output: media research


Input: [Question] Ismael studies the behaviors,characteristics, and buying habits of his company's target markets. What is Ishmael involved in? [Answer]

Output: market analyis


Input: [Question] What is a primary public concern about marketing research? [Answer]

Output: invades consumers' privacy


Input: [0] Oculomotor Skills [1] multiple coordinated eye movements produced by the eye muscles [2] difficulty in finding and holding the correct head position interferes with maintaining a stable visual field which provides the base of support for the eye movements [4] interventions include having the child ride a scooter board in prone while reaching for toys [3]

Output: examples include reading, writing, and finding keys on a keyboard


Input: [0] Visual Fixation [1] sustained eye gaze [2] in the direction of a target is necessary for adls and iadls [4] interventions include encouraging child to watch an appealing object move slowly toward their nose [3]

Output: children who have limited convergence, or "simultaneous turning of the eyes inward," are unable to bring their eyes together well enough to see objects close their face


Input: [0] Head-Eye Dissociation [1] the ability to move the eyes independently without moving the head [2] the inability to separate head and eye movements interferes with writing and finding symbols on a communication board [4] interventions include moving a toy in vertical, horizontal, and circular movements while the child watches. playing with cars, bubbles, and balloons also helps [3]

Output: children who have poor visual tracking skills (following moving targets with smooth eye movements) often lose focus while trying to follow or find an object


Input: [0] Quick Localization [1] pinpointing items with the eyes [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3]

Output: interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets)


Input: [0] Visual Perception [1] the ability to interpret and use what is seen. the capacity to interpret sensory input, recognize similarities and differences, and assign meaning to what is seen [2] the ability to discern edges, shapes, light and dark, figure-ground discrimination, visual closure, and spatial orientation and relations [3]

Output: it requires cognitive analysis and perception through sight


Input: [0] Form Constancy [1] the recognition of forms and objects as the same various environments, positions, and sizes [2] allows children to recognize a letter as the same whether it is lowercase, uppercase, cursive, or italic [3]

Output: interventions include having the child compare the details of various pictures or shapes to determine whether the forms are the same


Input: [0] Figure-ground Discrimination [1] the ability to distinguish important foreground features from background objects [2] examples include finding a pencil on a cluttered desk [3]

Output: interventions include worksheets such as "Where's Waldo" and "Find What's Different." these worksheets are available in bookstores and equipment catalogs


Input: [0] Spacial Perception [1] visual location of objects in space: where things are. provides the awareness of an object's position in relation to the observer or the perception of the direction in which it is turned [2] provides basis for concepts: in, out, off, on, beside behind. usually begins to develop around 30 months of age [4] interventions include using directional terms during their actions, provide obstacle courses and playground activities in which the child must use spacial concepts [3]

Output: examples include deciphering one word as separate from another while reading and to space letters evenly while writing


Input: [0] Visuomotor Skills [1] require coordination of the eyes with the hands or feet such that the eyes guide complex, precise limb movements [2] also referred to as eye-hand/eye-foot skills [3]

Output: examples include following dot-to-dot patterns, drawing, writing, using a computer, cutting with scissors, moving through an obstacle course


Input: [0] Gaze Shift [1] accurately moving the eyes from one target to another [2] required to find the next line of text while reading [3]

Output: interventions include connect-the-dot, mazes, cards games, shape matching activities (chose activities that require moving eyes quickly between targets)


Input: [Question] twitch [Answer]

Output: make, small jerky movements


Input: [Question] gear [Answer]

Output: equipment needed for an activity


Input: [Question] willow [Answer]

Output: a type of tree with narrow, long branches


Input: [Question] yanked [Answer]

Output: pulled with a sudden movement


Input: [Question] splendid [Answer]

Output: great and excellent


Input: [Question] parka [Answer]

Output: warm, heavy jacket with a hood


Input: [Question] The early South American civilizations of Incas, Mayans, and Aztecs all shared the following characteristics [Answer]

Output: economies based primarily on agriculture substantial cities


Input: [Question] The Pre-Columbian North American peoples in the Southwest built ______________ for farming. [Answer]

Output: large irrigation systems


Input: [Question] In the Great Plains region, most pre-columbian societies hunted _______ for survival. [Answer]

Output: buffalo


Input: [Question] Prior to European contact, the eastern third of what is today the Untied States had the most _________________ of any region of the continent? [Answer]

Output: abundant food resources


Input: [Question] Many Pre- Columbian tribes east of the Mississippi River were loosely linked by _______________ [Answer]

Output: common linguistic roots


Input: [Question] The preeminent European maritime power in the fifteenth century was [Answer]

Output: Portugal


Input: [Question] thought the world was much smaller than it really was. [Answer]

Output: Christopher Columbus


Input: [Question] As a result in his third voyage in 1498, Christopher Columbus concluded he had encountered [Answer]

Output: a continent separate from Asia


Input: [Question] helped popularize the idea that the Americas were new continents. [Answer]

Output: Amerigo Vespucci


Input: [Question] In 1518, Hernando Cortes's conquest of the Aztecs was made possible due largely to [Answer]

Output: the exposure of the Aztecs to smallpox


Input: [Question] An encomienda was the [Answer]

Output: uniform worn by conquistadors


Input: [Question] In 1680, the Pueblo Indians rose in revolt against Spanish settlers after the Spanish [Answer]

Output: made efforts at suppressing Indian religious rituals.