Input: the transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts [What is speed?]

Output: What is conduction?

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Input: the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves; the complete process in which energy is emitted by one body, transmitted through an intervening medium or space, and absorbed by another body. [What is speed?]

Output: What is radiation?

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Input: 16.7 J [What is speed?]

Output: How much heat is lost by 2.0 grams of water if the temperature drops from 31 degrees C to 29 degrees C? The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g*degrees C.

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Input: B. transfer heat by fluid motion [What is speed?]

Output: Heat convection occurs in gases and liquids. Heat convection does not occur in solids because solids are unable to ___. A. absorb heat by vibrating B. transfer heat by fluid motion C. emit radiation by reflecting light D. exchange heat by direct contact

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Input: 1/2 (mass x velocity2) [What is speed?]

Output: What is the formula for kinetic energy?

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Input: frequency x wavelength [What is speed?]

Output: What is the formula for the velocity of a wave?

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Input: voltage x current [What is speed?]

Output: What is the formula for electrical power?

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Input: voltage divided by resistance [What is speed?]

Output: What is the formula for current?

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Input: power x time (also equals work) [What is speed?]

Output: WHat is the formula for electrical energy?

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Input: [Abash] abatement We were relieved at the abatement of the hurricane. [embarrass]

Output: decrease, reduce


Input: [Abash] abdicate The aging king abdicated in favor of his son [embarrass]

Output: to give up position or power


Input: [Abash] aberration Getting a "D" was an aberration for the normally excellent student [embarrass]

Output: something different from the usual


Input: [Abash] abeyance Hold your judgment in abeyance until we have all the facts of the case. [embarrass]

Output: temporary suppression or suspension


Input: [Abash] abject The peasants live in abject poverty [embarrass]

Output: miserable, pitiful


Input: [Abash] abjure The president abjured any wrongdoing by members of his administration. [embarrass]

Output: to reject, abandon formally


Input: [Abash] ablution You'd better shorten your morning ablutions or you'll be late for school. [embarrass]

Output: act of cleansing


Input: [Abash] abnegation The religion encourages its followers to practice abnegation periodically. [embarrass]

Output: self denial


Input: [Abash] abrade Millions of years of erosion had abraded the hillside. [embarrass]

Output: to wear off or down by scraping or rubbing.


Input: [Abash] abridge The long novel was abridged to make it easier for people to read [embarrass]

Output: to condense, shorten


Input: [Abash] abrogate The president has the power to abrogate the agreement by executive order. [embarrass]

Output: to abolish or invalidate by authority.


Input: [Abash] abscission The botanist is studying the process of abscission in the Norway maple. [embarrass]

Output: act of cutting; natural separation of a leaf or other part of a plant


Input: [Abash] abscond the treasurer absconded with the funds. [embarrass]

Output: to depart secretly


Input: [Abash] abstemious Be an abstemious eater if you want to be thin. [embarrass]

Output: moderate in appetite


Input: [Abash] abstruse The mathematical equation was so abstruse no one in the class could understand it. [embarrass]

Output: difficult to comprehend


Input: [Abash] abysmal Amanda's performance on the test was so abysmal that she dropped the subject [embarrass]

Output: very bad


Input: [Abash] accede "If I accede to your request for a favor, the other employees will be angry with me," the boss said. [embarrass]

Output: to express approval; agree to


Input: [Abash] accolade The highest accolade a teacher can win is the appreciation of his students. [embarrass]

Output: praise, distinction


Input: [Abash] accost She doesn't like being accosted by strangers on the street. [embarrass]

Output: to approach and speak to someone


Input: [Abash] abstemious [embarrass]

Output: moderate appetite


Input: [Abash] abstraction [embarrass]

Output: act or result of considering something independently of its qualities


Input: [Abash] abstruse [embarrass]

Output: difficult to comprehend


Input: [Abash] accretion [embarrass]

Output: growth in size or increase in amount


Input: [Abash] accrue [embarrass]

Output: to accumulate, grow by additions


Input: [Abash] acculturation [embarrass]

Output: adoption of the cultural patterns of another group


Input: [Abash] acerbic [embarrass]

Output: bitter, sharp in taste or temper


Input: [Abash] acidulous [embarrass]

Output: sour in taste or manner; sharp; caustic.


Input: [Abash] acme [embarrass]

Output: highest point; summit; zenith


Input: [Abash] acquiesce [embarrass]

Output: to agree without protesting


Input: [Abash] acquiescent [embarrass]

Output: disposed or willing to agree without protesting


Input: [Abash] acrid [embarrass]

Output: harsh, bitter


Input: [Abash] acrimonious [embarrass]

Output: disposed to bitterness and animosity.


Input: [Abash] acrimony [embarrass]

Output: bitterness and animosity


Input: [Abash] acuity [embarrass]

Output: sharpness


Input: [Abash] acumen [embarrass]

Output: sharpness of insight


Input: [Abash] acute [embarrass]

Output: sharp, pointed


Input: [Abash] adage [embarrass]

Output: old saying or proverb


Input: [Abash] adduce [embarrass]

Output: to cite as an example as a means of proof


Input: [Abash] ad hoc [embarrass]

Output: for the purpose only ex. An ad hoc committee was formed by the school to investigate the growing problem of student lateness to class.


Input: [Abash] ad hominem [embarrass]

Output: appealing o prejudice or passions; attacking one's adversary rather than his or her argument.


Input: [Abash] ad infinitum [embarrass]

Output: forever; without limit


Input: [Abash] adjudicate [embarrass]

Output: to study and settle a dispute


Input: [Abash] adjunct [embarrass]

Output: something added, attached, or joined


Input: [Abash] admonish [embarrass]

Output: to caution or reprimand


Input: [Abash] admonition [embarrass]

Output: mild reproof ex. The student received admonition for being a few minutes late to class


Input: [Abash] adroit [embarrass]

Output: skillful


Input: [Abash] adulation [embarrass]

Output: high praise


Input: [Abash] adulterate [embarrass]

Output: to corrupt or make impure


Input: [Abash] adumbrate [embarrass]

Output: to sketch in a shadowy way


Input: [Abash] advent [embarrass]

Output: coming or arrival


Input: [Abash] adventitious [embarrass]

Output: added from without ex. The architect confirmed that the house was Colonial, without adventitious later additions.


Input: [Abash] aegis [embarrass]

Output: protection; sponsorship; shield


Input: [Abash] aerie [embarrass]

Output: nook or nest built high in the air


Input: [Abash] affable [embarrass]

Output: pleasant to speak to; approachable


Input: [Abash] affectation [embarrass]

Output: artificial behavior to impress other. ex. Tom's affectation is that he adopts a high-class English accent.


Input: [Abash] affected [embarrass]

Output: pretentious, phony


Input: [Abash] affinity [embarrass]

Output: fondness, liking; similarity.


Input: [Abash] afflatus [embarrass]

Output: creative impulse; divine inspiration


Input: [Abash] affront [embarrass]

Output: personal offense, insult.


Input: [Abash] aficionado [embarrass]

Output: an enthusiastic admirer


Input: [Abash] a fortiori [embarrass]

Output: for a still stronger reason


Input: [Abash] aggrandize [embarrass]

Output: make larger or greater


Input: [Abash] aggregate [embarrass]

Output: relating to a collective mass or sum; relating to a total


Input: [Abash] alacrity [embarrass]

Output: cheerful willingness, eagerness; speed


Input: [Abash] albedo [embarrass]

Output: the proportion of incident radiation reflected by a surface ex. Fresh snow has a very high albedo


Input: [Abash] allay [embarrass]

Output: to lessen, ease, or soothe


Input: [Abash] allegory [embarrass]

Output: symbolic representation ex. In literature a voyage is often used as an allegory for the journey through life.


Input: [Abash] allocation [embarrass]

Output: allowance, portion


Input: [Abash] allusion [embarrass]

Output: indirect reference


Input: [Abash] alluvial [embarrass]

Output: relating to alluvium, that is, sediment that is deposited by flowing water


Input: [Abash] aloof [embarrass]

Output: detached, indifferent


Input: [Abash] altruism [embarrass]

Output: unselfish generosity


Input: [Abash] amalgam [embarrass]

Output: mixture, combination


Input: [Abash] ambience [embarrass]

Output: the special mood or atmosphere created by a particular environment.


Input: [Abash] ambit [embarrass]

Output: sphere or scope


Input: [Abash] ambivalent [embarrass]

Output: exhibiting or feeling conflicting emotional attitudes.


Input: [Abash] ambrosia [embarrass]

Output: something delicious; the food of the gods.


Input: [Abash] ameliorate [embarrass]

Output: to improve; make better


Input: [Abash] amorous [embarrass]

Output: showing love


Input: [Abash] amenity [embarrass]

Output: something that increases comfort


Input: [Abash] anachronistic [embarrass]

Output: containing an error in the date of an event


Input: [Abash] amity [embarrass]

Output: friendship


Input: Provide answers to researach questions Control variance, insuring tha tthe resutls obtained are as closely related to what is being studied. [What is Research Design]

Output: 2 purposes of Research Design

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Input: the confidence level that can be placed in accurately assessing the degree of couse and effect you have in a result of the research endeavor [What is Research Design]

Output: Maximincon

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Input: Maximize the variance of the variables of the substantive research hypothosis: you want the experimental conditions to be as differenct as possible [What is Research Design]

Output: Maximize

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Input: To control extraneous variables: these are indipendent bariables that are not necessarily related to your study. ex: sex race [What is Research Design]

Output: Control

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Input: Minimize the arror variance: this is the fluctuation that may occur in your results due to random event [What is Research Design]

Output: Minimize

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Input: any phenomena or characeristic that is free to vary w/ at least 2 conditions or levels: ex: gender w/ both males and females is a variable, males along would be a constant. [What is Research Design]

Output: Variable

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Input: is restricted to a single state ex: gender is a constant if females only are used in a studay, not both sexes. [What is Research Design]

Output: Constant

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Input: are used to define your sample gender, age race relegion marital status [What is Research Design]

Output: Demographic variables

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Input: are the presumed cause [What is Research Design]

Output: Independent variable

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Input: the presumed effect and vary as related to the independent variable Usually the treatment being tested is the independent variable [What is Research Design]

Output: Dependent variables

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Input: proposition that is stated in a testable form. It predicts a particular relationship between tow or more variables. There can be more than 1 hypothesis. "if" and "then" [What is Research Design]

Output: hypothesis

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Input: the hypothesis of "no difference". generally used in statistical analysis to be disproved. The resarch or the working hypothesis is the hypothesis you will be testing. The research hypothesis is what you want to support. [What is Research Design]

Output: Null Hypothesis

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Input: a planned process that utilizes probability theory to ensure that the sample will represent the population. Each subject in the population has an equal chance of being selected. [What is Research Design]

Output: Random Sample

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Input: the true goal of research. you take what you know about a small group or sample of a population and apply it to explain the general population. [What is Research Design]

Output: Generalizability

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Input: robust powerful statistics help the researcher make "inferences" or assumptions about a population. These have strong rules and strong guidelines. [What is Research Design]

Output: inferential statistics

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Input: Analysis of Variance aka ANOVA aka F test: compares means of more than 2 groups. t Test: compares means of 2 groups Pearson's Rho or Pearson's R: compares the association or correlation between 2 groups. [What is Research Design]

Output: Parametric types of tests

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Input: chi-square test: most common type, copares the observered value w/ the expected Spearman Rho: a non-parametric correlational. [What is Research Design]

Output: Descriptive Statistics: NONPARAMETRIC tests - no strong rules or guidlelines, less confidence Includes:

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Input: Means there is an association between 2 variables [What is Research Design]

Output: Correlation

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Input: as on goes up the other goes up and as one goes down the other goes down. [What is Research Design]

Output: Positive Association

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Input: as one goes up the other goes down and as one goes down the other goes up. [What is Research Design]

Output: Negative or inverse association

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Input: children's language development is much more complex than simple behaviorist paradigms-learning language because it is rewarded by imitating it [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: what is the main contribution of Chomksy's work?

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Input: native..meaning theres an innate capability to learn it so nature more important than nurture [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Chomsky believed that language in humans is

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Input: Language acquisition device (LAD) left temporal lobe [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: what is the special mechanism according to chomsky that allowed us to have an innate ability to talk?

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Input: Experience using language (actions). There is a sensitive/critical period for development [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: according to Chomsky what was necessary to activate LAD?

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Input: Brocas and wernickes area. [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Neurologically what is LAD?

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Input: corpus callosum is thicker so innervation between two hemispheres is greater than in men..but eventually men catch up [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: women have an apparent better innate ability to learn language at a younger aye than men..why?

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Input: child's general cognitive development [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: According to Piaget language is not a distinct part of cognition, rather is part of

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Input: social factors and interaction in language development [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: regarding language, piaget focuses more on

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Input: symbolism, and pretend play, which arise from perception and action [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Social interaction helps developing intellectual potentials through

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Input: end of sensoritmotor period. This milestone is essentially the result of children's development of object permanence [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: according to piaget the children begin to manipulate symbols at what age

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Input: 1) creating sounds which leads to understanding of sound 2) learning grammar 3)learning what to say and what not say under different situations [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Language acquisition sequence

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Input: internalizing the language and actions of others [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Language development as a whole is a matter of

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Input: Phonology Semantics Syntax Pragmatics [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: There are 4 aspects to language knowledge those are

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Input: Sound system of language Meaning of words How to modify and use language in different contexts [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Whats phonology? Semantics? Pragmatics?

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Input: Preverbal (birth-12months) 1) Single word statement 2)Multiword statement 3)Early Emerging Grammar 4)Later grammar [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: What are the stages of language

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Input: Nonpurposeful nonverbal communication Purposeful nonverbal communication [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Preverbal stage involves

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Input: Communication is not intentional and children relate to objects and people 1 month; differentiated crying 2 monts; social smiling 5 months; special responsiveness to familiar faces 6 months: babbling, vocalizing with intonation [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Nonpurposeful nonverbak communication( birth to 8 months) milestones

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Input: More control over gestures, attending people, vocalizing, directed gaze 10 months; responds to name and basic instructions 12 months; first words, object permanence, symbolic representation, invents words for objects and people [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Purposeful nonverbal communication (8-12 months)

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Input: number of years=avg number of words in sentence 12 months; 10 words and their name 18 months; core vocabulary of about 50 words [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Stage 1 single word statement 12-18 months)

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Input: Once invented words are gone and theres been an increase in numbers of words in sentence [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: When is kid ready to move from stage 1

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Input: end of multiword statement [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: The early sign of use of language in an orderly fashioned by

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Input: growing syntax skills, sentence organization, length and grammar. [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Early emerging grammar (2-3years)

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Input: declarative, noun prases etc [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: see exemples of

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Input: increased sentenced length and complexity; as much as 90% of children's language is developed at this stage has about 1500 words by age 4 [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Later grammar (3-5yrs0

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Input: intelligible and socially useful can tell connected story about picture understands relationships between objects and actions [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Speech at 6-7yrs

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Input: their level of language, so social referent is gone. [What is psycholinguistics?]

Output: Autistic children have disrupted language as well as social disruption which correlates with

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Input: structure, direction of information flow, or control of effectors

Output: The nervous system can be divided in various ways


Input: structural and functional centers of the entire nervous system. Consists of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS integrates incoming pieces of sensory information evaluates the information and initiates an outgoing response

Output: CNS


Input: consists of the nerve tissues that lie in the periphery or outer regions of the nervous system. Nerves that originate from the brain are called cranial nerves and spinal cord nerves are spinal nerves

Output: PNS


Input: of the nervous system consists of all the incoming sensory or afferent pathways. Afferent (carry toward)

Output: Afferent division


Input: of the nervous system consists of all the outgoing motor or efferent pathways. Efferent (carry away)

Output: Efferent division


Input: carry information to the somatic effectors, which are skeletal muscles

Output: Some pathways of the somatic nervous system (SNS)


Input: The SNS also includes the afferent pathways making up the Somatic Sensory Division that provides feedback from the somatic effectors

Output: Somatic Sensory Division


Input: smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, glands adipose tissue and other involuntary tissue

Output: Pathways of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) carry information to the autonomic or visceral, effectors which are


Input: sympathic division and the parasympathic divisions

Output: The efferent pathways of the (ANS) can be divided into the


Input: made up of pathways that exit the middle portions of the spinal cord and is involved in preparing the body to deal with immediate threats to the internal environment. It produces the fight-or-flight

Output: Sympathic


Input: exit at the brain and lower portions of the spinal cord and coordinate the body’s normal resting activities. Sometimes called the rest-and-repair

Output: Parasympathic


Input: neurons and glia

Output: Two main types of cells compose the nervous system


Input: are excitable cells that conduct the impulses that make possible all nervous system functions. They form the wiring of the nervous information circuits

Output: Neurons


Input: or glial cells do not usually conduct information themselves but support the function of neurons in various ways. Glia means glue

Output: Glia


Input: 4 are located in the CNS – Astocytes, Microglia, Ependymal cells & Oligodendrocytes. The 5th is located in the PNS – Schwann Cells/satellite cells

Output: 5 major types of glia


Input: star shaped glia are the largest and most numerous type of glia. Their long delicate “points” extend through brain tissue attaching to both neurons and the tiny blood capillaries of the brain call “stars of the nervous system”. They feed the neuron by picking up glucose from the blood converting it to lactic acid and passing it along to the neurons to which they connected

Output: Astocytes


Input: Blood-Brain Barriers (BBB)

Output: Because webs of Astocytes form tight sheaths around the brains blood capillaries they help form the


Input: is a double barriers made up of Astocytes “feet” and the endothelial cells that make up the walls of capillaries

Output: BBB


Input: oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, alcohol diffuse rapidly through the barriers to reach brain neurons and other glia

Output: Small molecules


Input: small usually stationary cells found in the CNS. In inflamed or degenerating brain tissue it enlarges move about and carry phagocytosis

Output: Microglia is


Input: are glia that resembles epithelial cells, forming thin sheets that line fluid-filled cavities in the brain and spinal cord. Some take part in producing fluid that fills these spaces. Others have cilia that help keep the fluid circulating within the cavities.

Output: Ependymal cells


Input: smaller than Astocytes and have fewer processes means cells with few branches. They help hold nerve fibers together and also serve another and more importantly their function is to produce the fatty Myelin Sheath around nerve fibers on the CNS.

Output: Oligodendrocytes


Input: are found in the PNS. Here they serve as the functional equivalent of the Oligodendrocytes. Supporting nerve fibers and sometimes forming a myelin sheath around them.

Output: Schwann cells


Input: is formed by layers of Schwann cells membrane containing the white fatty substance Myelin microscopic gaps in the sheath between Schwann cells are called NODES OF RANVIER or simple myelin sheath gaps

Output: The Myelin Sheath


Input: nucleus and cytoplasm are squeezed to the perimeter to form the neurilemma which is essential to the regeneration of injured nerve fibers

Output: Schwann cells


Input: as neurolemmocytes

Output: Schwann cells – are known


Input: neuronal sheath

Output: The myelin sheath along with the neurilemma is called


Input: myelinated fibers or white fibers

Output: Nerve fibers with many Schwann cells forming thick myelin sheaths are called


Input: unmyelinated fibers or gray fibers.

Output: When several nerve fibers are held by a single Schwann cell that does not wrap around them to form a thick myelin sheath the fibers are called


Input: nerve fibers

Output: because dendrites and axon are threadlike extensions form neurons cell body they are often called


Input: nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles found in other cells, for example mitochondria and a goli apparatus

Output: The cell body or peribaryon – contains


Input: neurotransmitters

Output: Some protein molecules in these vesicles (ER-Goli Apparatus) are needed for the transmission of nerve signals from neuron to another. Such proteins are called


Input: receive stimuli and conduct electrical signals toward the cell body and or axon of the neuron

Output: Dendrites


Input: of the neuron is a single process that usually extends from a tapered portion of the cell body call the Axon Hillock. The axon is sometimes covered by a fatty layer called myelin sheath conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body of the neuron.

Output: Axon


Input: telodendria that each terminate in the synaptic knob. Each synaptic knob contains mitochondria and numerous vesicles

Output: The distal tips of the axon form branches called


Input: axon and dendrites

Output: Nerve fibers are both


Input: by adding together all the nerve impulses arriving from the cell body and dendrites.

Output: The axon hillock acts as a summation zone


Input: it conditions the nerve impulse from the axon hillock all the way to the end of the neuron

Output: axon is the conduction zone because


Input: output zone

Output: Telodendria and synaptic knob is the


Input: NODES OF RANVIER

Output: Gaps in the myelin sheath


Input: process of transporting vesicles small organelles and other structures along pathways inside the axon of a neuron

Output: Axonal transport


Input: classified according to the direction in which they conduct impulses: afferent neurons, efferent neurons & interneuron’s

Output: 3 types of neurons


Input: transmit nerve impulses to the spinal cord or brain

Output: Afferent neurons


Input: transmit nerve impulses away from the brain spinal cord to or toward the muscle glands

Output: Efferent neurons


Input: signal conduction route to and from the CNS—The most common form is the 3 neuron are. It consists of an afferent neuron, an interneuron, and an efferent neuron

Output: Reflex Arc


Input: CNS from sensory receptors in the PNS

Output: Afferent or sensory neurons concuct signals to the


Input: the CNS to effectors

Output: Efferent or motor neurons conduct signals from


Input: afferent and efferent neurons

Output: 2 – neuron arc is simplest form consists of


Input: nerve signals transmitted from one neuron to another

Output: Synapse


Input: [1] shaking of the earth's crust [2]

Output: earthquake

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Input: [1] deepest layer of earth [2]

Output: core

Earthquakes and Volcanoes Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] thickest layer, made of solid and melted rock [2]

Output: mantle

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Input: [1] point on earth's surface right above the focus of an earthquake [2]

Output: epicenter

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Input: [1] layer of earth that includes land and the ocean floor [2]

Output: crust

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Input: [1] continent-sized slabs that make up the crust and upper mantle [2]

Output: plates

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Input: [1] break in earth's crust along which rocks move [2]

Output: fault

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Input: [1] instrument that records earthquake waves [2]

Output: seismograph

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Input: [1] underground point where an earthquake first starts [2]

Output: focus

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Input: [1] What is earth's hottest layer? [2]

Output: core

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Input: [1] Earth's plates move slowly on a thin layer of partly melted what? [2]

Output: mantle

Earthquakes and Volcanoes Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] What can scientists do with seismographs? [2]

Output: measure earthquakes

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Input: [1] Why does California have more than 20,000 earthquakes each year? [2]

Output: There is a large fault running through the state.

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Input: [1] What do some volcanoes form new as plates move apart and magma rises to the surface of the crust? [2]

Output: new ocean floor

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Input: [1] What forms different kinds of volcanic mountains? [2]

Output: different kinds of eruptions

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Input: [1] What might happen if Earth's plates stopped moving? [2]

Output: no more earthquakes, new volcanoes, and mountains

Earthquakes and Volcanoes Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Which is a better model for a volcano erupting - a lit firecracker or a shaken can of soda? Why? [2]

Output: can of soda - volcanoes erupt when pressure builds up and then is released

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Input: The person making the acknowedlgement is the person described in and who executed the instrument [Acknolwedgment]

Output: What knowledge must be possessed by the notary for an acknowledgment?

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Input: That the person who executed the instrument signed. [Acknolwedgment]

Output: What is not essential for an acknowledgment?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: No - misdemeanor [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Can you take ackowledgments over the phone?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Person appointed by the court to manage the estate of a deceased person who left no will [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Administrator

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Person who makes and subscribes his signature to an affidavit [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Affiant

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Signed statement, duly sowrn to, byt the maker therefore before a notary public or other officer authorized to administer oaths [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Affidavit

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Needs to personally appear before the notary. [Acknolwedgment]

Output: What is a requirement of an affiant?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Acknolwedgment - notary public certifies to the idenitity and execution of docuemtn; affidavit involves administration of oath of affiant [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Difference between acknwoledgment and affidavit?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Declaration made by persons who decline takin an oath though it is equivalent and binding [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Affirmation

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Department of State authentication attached to a notarized and county-certified document for international use [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Apostile

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: To witness the execution of a written instrument and suscribe the same as a witness [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Attest

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Clause wherein witnesses certify that the instrument has been executed before them [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Attestation clause

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Certificate subjoined by a county clerk to any certificate of proof or ackonwledgement or oath signed by notary; it authenticates or v erifies authority of notary public [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Authentication

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Written instrument given to pass title of personal property from vendor to vendee [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Bill of Sale

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Copy of public record sign and certified as a true copy by public official having custody of the original [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Certified Copy

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Personal propery, such as household goods or fixtures [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Chattel

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Evidence both an obligation to pay money and a security interest in a lease or specific goods (security interest is security agreement) [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Chattel Paper

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: instrument made subsequent to a will that modifies it in some respects [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Codicil

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Behavriou disrespectiful to court authority which disrupts execution of court orders [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Contempt of Court

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Agreement between partis whereby each party acquires a right to what the other possesses [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Contract

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Every instrument in writing, except will, by which estate or insterest in real property is created, transferred, assigned, or surrendered [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Conveyance (Deed)

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: One who makes oath to a writte statement (used interchangeably with Affiant) [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Deponent

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Testimony of a witness taken out of court under oath or by affirmation before notary public or other person - is inteded to be used at trial or hearing [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Deposition

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Unlawful constraint exercised upon a personwho whereby he is forced to do some act against his will [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Duress

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Place of instrument in the hands of a person as depository who on the happening of designated event is to deliver the instrument to a third person [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Escrow

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Named in a will to carry out the provision of the will [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Executor

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: From one side only [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Ex Parte

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Crime punishable by death or imprisonment in a state prison [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Felony

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Person in charge of a minor's person or property [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Guardian

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Decree of a court declaring that one individual is indebted to another and fixing the amount of such indebtedness [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Judgment

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Part of an affidavit where officer (notary public) certifies that it was sown to before him [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Jurat

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The affidavit [Acknolwedgment]

Output: What is the jurat not?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Delay or negligence in asserting one's legal rights [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Laches

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: One who is entitled to possession of real property transfers such right to another [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Lease

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Legal right or claim upon specific property which attaches to the property until a debt is satsified [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Lien

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Act of carrying on a lawsuit [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Litigation

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Crime other than a felony [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Misdemeanor

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Instrument in writing that creates a lien upon real estate as security for the payment of a specified debt, usually in a bond [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Mortgage on Real Property

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Public officer who executes acknowledgmentso f deeds or witings, administers oaths and afirmations, affidavits [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Notary Public

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: In person [Acknolwedgment]

Output: How must the person taking oath appear?

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Person who starts a suit or brings an action against another [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Plaintiff

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Written statement by individual giving another person the power to act for him [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Power of Attorney

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Formal declaration made by a subscribing witness to the execution of an instrument - knew the person described, saw them execute, setting forth place of residence [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Proof

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Formal statement in writing that a certain bill of exchange or promissory note was presented for payment and that payment was refused [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Protest

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Only requirement is name and "Notary Public for the State of New York" [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Seal

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Beneath signature, Notary Public State of New York, name of county and date commission expires [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Signature

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Law establisehd by act of the Legislature [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Statute

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Law that provides that certain contracts must be in writing or partially complied with in order to be enforceable at law [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Statute of Frauds

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Limits the time within which a criminal prosecution or civil action must be started [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Statute of Limitations

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Geographical place where notary puclic takes an affidavit or acknowledgment [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Venue

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Deposiiton of one's property to take effect after death [Acknolwedgment]

Output: Will

Public Notary Vocab Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [What are risk factors?] What is Christiansen's experiment on the genetic risk factor in criminal behavior?

Output: It is a twin study. He found that monozygotic twins have a bigger concordance rate for crime. He also found that the concordance rates for males are bigger than females

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] What is Hutchings and Mednick's experiment?

Output: Adoption studies. He found that an adopted child with an adoptive and biological father as criminals will tend to be criminals more than adoptive child with adoptive father as a criminal only.

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] How does brain abnormality contribute as a risk factor for criminal behavior? (Who's the researcher?)

Output: Blair et al. found that amygdala is impaired in criminals. Amygdala is the part of the brain responsible for regulating emotional response

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] What is Yochelson and Samenow's argument on how criminals think?

Output: They see crime as the result of cognitive distortions: -Blaming others -Super optimistic -I think therefore it is -Exaggerating accomplishments -Minimizing wrongful acts

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] What is Cornish and Clark's proposal regarding a risk factor in cognition?

Output: The rational choice theory explains that criminal behavior is a result of a reasoned decisive making. If the benefits of the crime outweighs the risks, they are more likely to make the crime. But it is argued since crimes are sometimes spontaneous

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] What is Messner's argument in how poverty acts as a risk factor in criminal behavior?

Output: Structural poverty is poverty that is characterized by poor families, low level of education, high infant mortality rate. There has been a high correlation between structural poverty and crime.

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What are risk factors?] How does hormone play as a risk factor in criminal behavior?

Output: The US FBI report on crime shows that most murderers are male. James Dabbs then demonstrated that criminals have a higher level of testosterone. But it is argued that testosterone levels might be elevated because of environmental factors, not genetical factor. Either way, both may work

IB Psychology Chapter 2.3 Important Notes Flashcards - Cram.com

Are factors that contribute to a specific trait. The more risk factor an individual has, the bigger the probability of the individual having that trait


Input: [What is Research Design] 2 purposes of Research Design

Output: Provide answers to researach questions Control variance, insuring tha tthe resutls obtained are as closely related to what is being studied.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Maximincon

Output: the confidence level that can be placed in accurately assessing the degree of couse and effect you have in a result of the research endeavor

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Input: [What is Research Design] Maximize

Output: Maximize the variance of the variables of the substantive research hypothosis: you want the experimental conditions to be as differenct as possible

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Input: [What is Research Design] Control

Output: To control extraneous variables: these are indipendent bariables that are not necessarily related to your study. ex: sex race

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Input: [What is Research Design] Minimize

Output: Minimize the arror variance: this is the fluctuation that may occur in your results due to random event

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Input: [What is Research Design] Variable

Output: any phenomena or characeristic that is free to vary w/ at least 2 conditions or levels: ex: gender w/ both males and females is a variable, males along would be a constant.

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a logical pan to help increase our knowledge in a particular area.


Input: [What is Research Design] Constant

Output: is restricted to a single state ex: gender is a constant if females only are used in a studay, not both sexes.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Demographic variables

Output: are used to define your sample gender, age race relegion marital status

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Input: [What is Research Design] Independent variable

Output: are the presumed cause

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Input: [What is Research Design] Dependent variables

Output: the presumed effect and vary as related to the independent variable Usually the treatment being tested is the independent variable

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Input: [What is Research Design] hypothesis

Output: proposition that is stated in a testable form. It predicts a particular relationship between tow or more variables. There can be more than 1 hypothesis. "if" and "then"

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Input: [What is Research Design] Null Hypothesis

Output: the hypothesis of "no difference". generally used in statistical analysis to be disproved. The resarch or the working hypothesis is the hypothesis you will be testing. The research hypothesis is what you want to support.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Random Sample

Output: a planned process that utilizes probability theory to ensure that the sample will represent the population. Each subject in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Generalizability

Output: the true goal of research. you take what you know about a small group or sample of a population and apply it to explain the general population.

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Input: [What is Research Design] inferential statistics

Output: robust powerful statistics help the researcher make "inferences" or assumptions about a population. These have strong rules and strong guidelines.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Parametric types of tests

Output: Analysis of Variance aka ANOVA aka F test: compares means of more than 2 groups. t Test: compares means of 2 groups Pearson's Rho or Pearson's R: compares the association or correlation between 2 groups.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Descriptive Statistics: NONPARAMETRIC tests - no strong rules or guidlelines, less confidence Includes:

Output: chi-square test: most common type, copares the observered value w/ the expected Spearman Rho: a non-parametric correlational.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Correlation

Output: Means there is an association between 2 variables

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Input: [What is Research Design] Positive Association

Output: as on goes up the other goes up and as one goes down the other goes down.

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Input: [What is Research Design] Negative or inverse association

Output: as one goes up the other goes down and as one goes down the other goes up.

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Input: You have been asked to evaluate a client who has sustained a neurological insult. The chart tells you that his lateral cricoarytenoid is paralyzed in an abducted position. Upon your evaluation, you will likely find that this client’s voice is

Output: Aphonic

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: You are reviewing the audiogram of a new client on your caseload and you notice that his pure tone average at 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz is 45 dB HL, yet his SRT is 25 dB HL. What does this tell you?

Output: This may be a person with a functional (non-organic) hearing loss

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A parent of a child on your caseload calls you for assistance in interpreting a report she has obtained from an audiologist. She reads you that the child’s tympanogram is a “type C”. She wants you to explain what that means in terms she can understand. What could you tell her?

Output: There is negative pressure in the middle ear, which may mean the Eustchian Tube is not functioning properly at this time

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Upon completion of an on oral motor examination a client who has recently had a stroke, you note that his tongue deviates to the right side. What conclusion might you draw from these results?

Output: The right genioglossus is weak. The genioglossus is the extrinsic tongue muscle responsible for protruding the tongue. Remember that the tongue is actually divided down the midline by the median fibrous septum, and the muscles on the right and left sides are innervated separately. Therefore, when the right genioglossus is weak, it will not be an equal contributor to tongue protrusion. The left genioglossus will be working harder than the weaker right. This will cause the tongue to deviate to the right side.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What are the following postural strategies designed to do? 1. Chin Tuck 2. Effortful Swallow 3. Supraglottic swallow 4. Mendelsohn Maneuver 5. Effortful swallow

Output: In chin tuck, the forward movement of the chin will widen and increase the vallecular space, and facilitate movement of the bolus from that space. An effortful swallow would reduce pharyngeal residue Improved closure of the airway would benefit from a supraglottic swallow Increased laryngeal excursion would benefit from the Mendelsohn Maneuver A neck extension would aid bolus transfer off the tongue.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: An effortful Swallow is an example of what type of technique?

Output: Client controlled technique

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The FEEST study indicates that your patient who has a delayed pharyngeal swallow trigger present with reduced closure of their airway .What patient controlled variable that might help this patient?

Output: The super- supraglottic strategy is a patient controlled technique which narrows or closes the entrance of the airway to prevent food from penetrating the entrance of the airway.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the number one cause of speech and language disability in the elderly population?

Output: Cerebrovascular disease. It may cause dementia, apraxia, dysarthria, aphasia, and right hemisphere damage.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is preserved in global aphasia?

Output: Nonpropositional speech. A- nonpropositional speech or automatics may be persevered in all types of aphasia

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Right hemisphere damaged patient have language impairments characterized by:

Output: Mild language impairments with ability to meet daily needs with potentially significant non-linguistic and extra linguistic communication impairments

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A lesion to the temporal lobe may result what deficits?

Output: Deficits in receptive language and memory function

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is a primary method of intervention for learning disabled children who exhibit reading and writing difficulties?

Output: Utilize a holistic approach that integrates oral language, reading, and writing with metacognitive strategy training

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms of Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia (ADSD) are most successfully treated with what?

Output: Botox (botulinum toxin) is a neurotoxin that temporarily paralyzes muscle. By injecting Botox into the thyroarytenoid muscles, vocal fold adduction is weakened. This results in a reduction of adductor spasms associated with ADSD.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the term most commonly used by researchers and authors to describe a deficit in the ability to sequence nonverbal, voluntary movements of the tongue, lips, jaw, and other associated oral structures?

Output: Orofacial Apraxia

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by what symptoms

Output: 1. Large numbers of senile plaques 2. Social comportment disorder 3. Intellectual disorder 4. Memory loss

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: List common features associated with Right temporal parietal lobe damage

Output: Features associated with Right Temporal Parietal Lobe damage include: inappropriate speech, disorientation, and lack of vocal and facial expression

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What type of aphasia is charcterized by nonfluent output, paraphasias, good comprehension, and remarkable ability to repeat

Output: Transcortical motor aphasia

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Bilateral abbuctor paralysis can lead to what?

Output: Upper airway obstruction because the true vocal folds are stuck in midline, the person would have difficulty breathing and may require a tracheotomy

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What disorder has a primary disorder of articulation and prosody?

Output: Apraxia of speech is primarily a disorder of articulation and prosody.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which dysarthria has the following symptoms: slow-labored articulation, hypernasal resonance, and hoarse-breathy phonation.

Output: Spastic dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which dysarthria is characterized by increased speech rate?

Output: Hypokinetic dysarthria is the only type of dysarthria in which this phenomenon may be observed

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Applebee identified how many levels of narrative production?

Output: 6 Levels. They include Applebee’s levels of narratives are heaps, sequences, primitive narrative, unfocused chain, focused chain, and a true narrative

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What type of dysarthria is charcterized by the possibility of a rush of rapid speech?

Output: Hypokinetic dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What type of dysarthria is characterized by imprecise articulation, monotonous pitch and loudness, and harsh voice quality.

Output: Spastic dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A palatal lift is a common treatment for hypernasality secondary to spastic dysarthria; however, due to ______________, the use of a palatal lift may be difficult or impossible. Dworkin (1991) recommends a program to decrease this contributing factor through a detailed sequence of steps and simulation of placement of the palatal lift.

Output: Velar hypertonicity

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Discuss the following theories: 1. Structuralist theory 2. Interactionist-Discovery 3. Natural Theory (Stampe) 4. Prosodic Theory

Output: 1. The structuralist theory proposes that children are born with an innate ability to develop language, and skills are acquired in a universal order or structure. 2. The interactionist-discovery theory states that the child uses trial and error to discover the rules and to actively learn a new system. 3. The natural theory proposes that children develop sounds by imitating the adult model, but because of immature motor abilities the productions are naturally simplified. 4. The prosodic theory proposes that children try to produce units or chunks of meaningful speech rather than individual phonemes.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Damage to which nerve causes the following symptoms; gurgly voice who is unable to reach the high pitches, and is able to cough and clear the throat on intention?

Output: The superior laryngeal nerve

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the first grammatical morpheme to be used expressively by a child?

Output: –ing

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the difference between an active and an assigned variable?

Output: Active variables are independent variables that are manipulated by the researcher; assigned variables is a potential independent variable that cannot be manipulated.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What does Complete Counterbalancing mean?

Output: Complete Counterbalancing means that all subjects in the experimental group are matched in the control group

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the difference between a dependent and independent variable?

Output: The dependent variable is synonymous with the effect, many times caused by manipulation of an independent variable.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Examples of compensatory articulation patterns associated with VPI are ....

Output: 1. Glottal stops 2. Pharyngeal stops 3. Pharyngeal fricatives 4. Backing

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: How does a quasi-experimental design differ from a true experimental group design?

Output: The omission of random assignment of subjects to an experimental and control group

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What lobe that interprets hearing and the dominant lobe for understanding language?

Output: The temporal lobe contains areas responsible for the reception of sound and its interpretation

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Why is Papillomatosis a dangerous disease?

Output: The papilloma can crowd the glottal, subglottal, and supraglottal areas making breathing difficult. After surgery, the lesions may continue to grow back.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A syndrome is most often associated with what type of cleft?

Output: Cleft of the secondary palate only

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: If a sound wave vibrates at 200 cycles per second, what is the period of the sound wave?

Output: 1/200 seconds

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Lateralization of fricatives and affricates are common in children with repaired cleft palates, and are mostly attributed to what?

Output: Malocclusion between top and bottom teeth

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The medio-lateral excursion of the vocal fold cover during vibration is called what?

Output: Mucosal wave

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What does the physiological process of “checking” enables us to do?

Output: The process of “checking” takes place during the exhalation phase of respiration. It is the contraction of the muscles of inhalation, during the exhalation phase. Checking prevents the exhaled breath from escaping all at once, so that we do not run out of air before we have finished what we have to say

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the function of the accessory muscles during respiration?

Output: The accessory muscles assist the diaphragm and the external intercostals, when extra power is needed for speech, loud speech, singing, or exercise. They act to elevate the ribs, expanding the thorax in the anterior-posterior dimension, adding volume to the thorax and the lungs. This enables one to take more air in, and results in a more forceful exhalation needed to overcome the resistance of the adducted vocal folds.

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Input: What does contraction of the diaphragm during inhalation will result in?

Output: Increase in the size of the thoracic cavity and lungs

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What does the cricoarytenoid joint permit?

Output: Adduction and abduction of the true vocal folds

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the function of the middle ear muscle?

Output: They serve a protective function against noise damage

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: An infract in what anatomical regions would most likely result in dyspahgia?

Output: The swallow center is located in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata (part of the brainstem).

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the most frequent type of fluency disorder

Output: Developmental stuttering

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The components of story grammar analysis are....

Output: setting, initiating event, reaction, attempt, consequence resolution

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Chronic use of levodopa in parkinsonism results in what?

Output: Dyskinesias

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: patient with traumatic brain damage to both the cerebellum and various cranial nerves may exhibit a mixed dysarthria that has characteristics of both

Output: Flaccid dysarthria and ataxic dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which dysarthria may have the following symptoms: central facial weakness during voluntary movements, lingual weakness, and hemiplegia

Output: UUMN dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The American Speech-Language Hearing Association is governed by…

Output: ASHA is governed by an elected Executive Board and an elected Legislative Council

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What defines the level at which the conclusion reached by the study may be due to chance?

Output: The alpha level, or significance level, is a predetermined statistical level (e.g., .05 or .01) which reflects that the results of the study, if at or below this number, are not due just to chance but rather, as in the case of a study of language behavior, to treatment effects.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: In a study of administration of the Praxis, scores were compared between the two types of administration: a printed test and the computerized administration. In this particular example, the independent variable is ___________; the dependent variable is _____________.

Output: type of administration; test scores

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Input: What is a statistical procedure that combines the results of many studies investigating the same variable

Output: A meta-analysis analyzes the results of several studies that have investigated the same variable.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which experimental designs are those studies in which the experimenter is not able to exert full control over all the relevant variables and operations

Output: Quasi-experimental designs are used whenever practical considerations prevent the use of more controlled, better designs of research. This type of design was originally suggested as a means conducting experiments in natural settings rather than controlled, clinical ones.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the scale in which zero denotes absence and the numbers can be mathematically manipulated?.

Output: The ratio scale has an absolute zero and the numbers can be manipulated mathematically

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the consistency or repeatability of the measurement of some phenomena?

Output: Reliability

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The muscles that elevate the soft palate are called ...

Output: Levator palatini muscles

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: When screening a child’s hearing, the usual decibel level (in an appropriate sound proof environment) for frequencies above 500Hz is ...

Output: 20dB

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Input: What is Bootstrapping?

Output: Strapping consonants onto vowels to create meaningful units using knowledge in one area of language to figure out information in another. When children bootstrap they use already learned information to assist in decoding new information

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Bilateral, symmetrical vocal fold nodules will most likely result in ...

Output: The gaps caused by the nodules would result in unphonated air escaping. This would be perceived as breathiness. The gaps would also make it difficult to increase subglottal pressure. With lower the subglottal pressure, the softer the voice. Increase in mass, bilaterally, would lower the pitch and make it hard to reach the higher pitches; hence a reduced pitch range.

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Input: Fundamental frequency (Fo) refers to ....

Output: The number cycles per second that the vocal fold covers vibrate. it is also the speed at which the covers of the true vocal folds are sucked together and blow apart, will directly determine how many cycles of vibration occur within a certain time. The number of cycles per second is called the fundamental frequency (Fo), and is measured in Hertz (Hz). A person’s pitch is determined by the Fo. The higher the Fo, the higher the pitch.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A range of frequencies that filters will transmit is called what?

Output: Bandwidths

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: During sustained phonation, the vocal folds are .......

Output: held in the air stream of the exhaled air, where their properties allow them to interact with the airflow to cause vibration

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which pharyngeal/ laryngeal exam would you use to assess strength of pharyngeal wall contraction?

Output: Gag Reflex. When assessing a gag reflex you place a laryngeal mirror or tongue depressor against the base of the tongue or on the pharyngeal wall to observe pharyngeal wall contraction.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the earliest developing form of joint reference

Output: Eye contact

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A patient with a hyperfunctional voice disorder typically phonates with the laryngeal structures held in which state?

Output: Elevated and rigid because excess tension during hyperfunctional dysphonia results in a larynx that is held too high and is too tense.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which dysarthria is speech characteristics reflect the effects of incoordination and reduced muscle tone?

Output: Ataxic dysarthria is due to dysfunction of the cerebellar control circuit. This control circuit coordinates timing and force of muscular contractions and allows for skilled, voluntary movements.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Authorities consider this clinical behavior essential in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease

Output: Response to levodopa. positive clinical diagnosis for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is a response to levodopa (e.g., reduction or disappearance of rigidity). The remaining answers comprise the most prominent characteristics of parkinsonism: tremors at response, bradykinesia (slow movement), postural instability, and rigidity.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The hallmark feature of dysarthria in general is ...

Output: Imprecise consonants is the hallmark feature of dysarthria in general. While not present in all patients with dysarthria, studies by Darley, Aronson, and Brown revealed imprecise consonants to be the most common speech production error in many of the types of dysarthria

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the term is most often used to describe a condition that usually occurs in adulthood and may at first be observed only during periods of distress, when it is initially described as “transient nervousness,”

Output: Essential Tremor. This condition is known most commonly as “essential tremor”. It may cause a hyperkinetic dysarthria characterized by a tremulous, quavering voice quality. It is frequently confused with parkinsonism. Three characteristics defined by Wiederholt (1995) as differentiating are: The tremor associated with essential tremor is faster than the parkinsonism tremor; the tremor associated with essential tremor is an action tremor that will disappear at rest, while the tremor associated with parkinsonism is a rest tremor that disappears or decreases during movement; and individuals with essential tremor do not have the co-occurring neurologic features associated with parkinsonism (e.g., bradykinesia, akinesia, dementia).

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is a non-radiologic technique provides the best method of viewing velar valving during speech

Output: A nasopharyngoscopy provides a view of the valving mechanism during speech.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The gray matter which comprises the cerebral cortex is made up of ....

Output: Soma cell bodies also known as neuronal bodies

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is Coalescence?

Output: Coalescence is a phonological process described as two adjacent sounds replaced by a third sound which has characteristics of both e.g. swim becomes fim.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the difference between Epenthesis and Metathesis?

Output: Epenthesis involves the insertion of a sound, usually a schwa. e.g. big becomes biga, while Metathesis involves switching two sounds or syllables within a word e.g. ask becomes aks.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A presurgical technique for complete clefts of the lip that helps to align the maxillary arches / alveolar ridges is called ....

Output: Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM). The primary palate develops embryologically before, and separate to, the secondary palate. Development is complete before 9 weeks and occurs from the incisive foramen forwards (postero-anteriorly). The primary palate comprises of the anterior alveolar ridge which houses the medial and lateral incisors, and extends to a point (like a “V”) to the incisive foramen posteriorly in the bony hard palate.

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The secondary palate boundaries are from ....

Output: from the incisive foramen to the uvula

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: When screening a child’s hearing, the usual frequencies are .....

Output: 500Hz, 1000Hz, 2000Hz, and 4000Hz

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: When 2 sound waves of the same frequency meet so that the compression of each wave combine, and the amplitude is increased, this is known as:

Output: constructive interference

Juliet SLP Praxis Practice Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: ipconfig /registerdns

Output: What command will send DNS registration info to a DNS server?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: through Active Directory

Output: How is DNS information replicated in DDNS?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: through manual copies of the zone file

Output: How was DNS information replicated in standard DNS?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: DNS and WINS

Output: What two name resolution technologies does DDNS cover?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: when a client leases an IP address

Output: When does DDNS update the record?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: default gateway

Output: What is Scope Option 003?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: preferred DNS server

Output: What is Scope Option 006?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Output: What is the scope for default gateway?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Output: What is the scope for preferred DNS server?


Input: in a text file located at %SystemRoot%\System32\DNS

Output: Where does non-dynamic DNS store data?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: primary, secondary, and stub zone

Output: What are the 3 types of DNS zones?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: a DNS zone which stores a copy of the zone that can be directly updated

Output: What is a primary DNS zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: a copy of a primary DNS zone

Output: What is a secondary DNS zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: load balancing, fault tolerance, and increasing capacity

Output: What are secondary DNS zones used for?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: a copy of a DNS zone containing only NS, SOA, and sometimes glue A records; it is not authoritative

Output: What is a DNS stub zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: the DNS server must be a DC

Output: What limitation exists on a DNS server storing its data in AD?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: a DNS system where updates occur over a secure channel

Output: What is secure DNS?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: when a DNS transfer is initiated, the DNS server verifies that the DNS server sending the update is on an approved list

Output: How does secure DNS work?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: to prevent poison entries

Output: What is the purpose of secure DNS?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: it is set up automatically

Output: How is secure DNS set up in an Active Directory domain?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: keep delegated zone info current, improve name resolution, simplify administration

Output: What are 3 reasons to use a stub zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: specifies the DNS server in charge of a zone

Output: What does a Start of Authority (SOA) record do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: primary server for the zone, zone administrator's email address, secondary zone expiration values, minimum default TTL values

Output: What 4 items does an SOA record specify?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: replace WINS

Output: What is the Global Name Zone designed to do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: address record

Output: What is an A record?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: LDAP, Global Catalog, and Name Server records

Output: What 3 types of records are stored in a Forward Lookup Zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: use net stop logon and net start logon

Output: How can repopulation be forced if a Forward Lookup Zone does not appear in AD?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: store domain name-to-IP address mappings

Output: What do Forward Lookup Zones do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: store IP address-to-domain name mappings

Output: What do Reverse Lookup Zones do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: when IP addresses are leased, when machines are restarted, when ipconfig /registerdns is executed

Output: At what 3 times are Reverse Lookup Zones populated?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: provide a link between DNS servers and top-level DNS servers

Output: What do root hints do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: delegate responsibility, break up large namespaces for management, extend namespace to add subdomains

Output: What are 3 reasons to divide namespaces into more than 1 zone?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: delegation records need to be added to other DNS servers to point to the authoritative server

Output: When creating subdomains, what needs to be done to make sure that all zone records stay current?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: when an IP address for a server in a round robin pool is given out, that address is moved to the bottom of the list

Output: How does round robin DNS work?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: web servers

Output: What sort of servers most often utilize round robin DNS?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: forwarding requests to other servers for fulfillment

Output: What is recursion?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: When the network is sensitive

Output: When is DNS recursion usually disabled?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: process of getting rid of stale DNS records

Output: What is server scavenging?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: forestDNSzone and domainDNSzone

Output: What 2 containers are created when DNS is integrated with AD?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: replicate only changes to DNS (rather than all records)

Output: What do incremental zone transfers do?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: pull: when changes are made, the DNS server notifies other servers that changes are available

Output: Does DNS work on a push or pull basis?

70-640: Configuring DNS for Active Directory Flashcards - Cram.com

How does Dynamic DNS (DDNS) differ from standard DNS?


Input: [What do juries decide?] Do juries base their decisions on fact or the law? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Law


Input: [What do juries decide?] Who directs the jury on the law? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Judge


Input: [What do juries decide?] Can jurors question the witness through the judge? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Yes


Input: [What do juries decide?] Who summarises the evidence for the jury? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Judge


Input: [What do juries decide?] What do jurors do when they retire? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Deliberate


Input: [What do juries decide?] Who speaks for the jury? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Foreperson


Input: [What do juries decide?] What's the minimum period of deliberation for a majority verdict? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: 2 hours 10 minutes


Input: [What do juries decide?] What happens if jury cannot decide? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Hung jury


Input: [What do juries decide?] What does a hung jury mean? [Guilt or innocence]

Output: Retrial


Input: [1] first person singular subjective [2]

Output: i


Input: [1] first person singular objective [2]

Output: me


Input: [1] first person singular possessive [2]

Output: my,mine


Input: [1] second person sigular objective [2]

Output: you


Input: [1] second person singular subjective [2]

Output: you


Input: [1] second person singular possessive [2]

Output: your,yours


Input: [1] nuter subjective [2]

Output: it


Input: [1] nuter objective [2]

Output: it


Input: [1] nuter possessive [2]

Output: its


Input: [1] masculine subjective [2]

Output: he


Input: [1] masculine objective [2]

Output: him


Input: [1] masculine possessive [2]

Output: his


Input: [1] feminine subjective [2]

Output: she


Input: [1] feminine objective [2]

Output: her


Input: [1] femenine possessive [2]

Output: her,hers


Input: [1] first person plural subjective [2]

Output: we


Input: [1] first person plural objective [2]

Output: us


Input: [1] first person plural possessive [2]

Output: our, ours


Input: [1] second person plural subjective [2]

Output: you


Input: [1] second person plural objective [2]

Output: you


Input: [1] second person plural possessive [2]

Output: your, yours


Input: [1] third person plural subjective [2]

Output: they


Input: [1] third person plural objective [2]

Output: them


Input: [1] third person plural possessive [2]

Output: their, thiers


Input: [1] personal pronouns have four important charachteristics what are they? [2]

Output: person,number,gender, and case


Input: [1] what is the word, phrase, or clause that a pronoun replaces? [2]

Output: antecedent


Input: [1] what part of a sentence can a subesctive pronoun be? [2]

Output: subject and predecate noun


Input: [1] what part of a sentence can a objective pronoun be? [2]

Output: direct object, indirect object, and object of the preposition


Input: [1] what part of a sentence can a possessive pronoun be? [2]

Output: adjective


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Possible or impossible object

Output: A contractual object is possible or impossible according to its own nature and not according to the parties' ability to perform.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Object determined as to kind.

Output: The object of a contract must be determined at least as to its kind. The quantity of a contractual object may be undetermined, provided it is determinable.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Output or requirements.

Output: The quantity of a contractual object may be determined by the output of one party or the requirements of the other. In such a case, output or requirements must be measured in good faith.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Quality of thing to be given.

Output: When the performance consists of giving a thing that is determined as to its kind only, the obligor need not give one of the best quality but he may not tender one of the worst.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Obligation or performance by a third person.

Output: The object of a contract may be that a third person will incur an obligation or render a performance.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Stipulation for a third party

Output: A contracting party may stipulate a benefit for a third person called a third party beneficiary.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: [Freedom of parties.] Revocation.

Output: The stipulation may be revoked only by the stipulator and only before the third party has manifested his intention of availing himself of the benefit. If the promisor has an interest in performing, however, the stipulation may not be revoked without his consent.

Parties are free to contract for any object that is lawful, possible, and determined or determinable.


Input: The difference between what a person would be willing to pay and what she actually has to pay to buy a certain amount of a good. It is the area below the demand curve and above the price level. [arbitrage]

Output: consumer surplus


Input: The difference between what a producer is paid for a certain amount of a good and the lowest price she requires in order to supply that amount. It is the area above the supply curve and below the price level. [arbitrage]

Output: producer surplus


Input: A nation has an absolute advantage in a commodity it produces with higher productivity than the rest of the world. [arbitrage]

Output: absolute advantage


Input: A method of exchanging goods and services directly for other goods and services without using a separate unit of account or medium of exchange. [arbitrage]

Output: barter trade


Input: The mechanism that explains differences in (relative) prices in different countries, which in turn gives rise to trade between countries. [arbitrage]

Output: basis for trade


Input: A nation has a comparative advantage in the production of those goods that (compared to other goods and countries in the world) it produces at a low opportunity cost. A country will have a comparative advantage in one or more commodities, whether or not it has absolute advantages. [arbitrage]

Output: comparative advantage


Input: A school of thought that was dominant in Europe between the 16th century and the 18th century. It advocates trade restrictions through restriction of imports and expansion of exports, so as to accumulate gold and foreign exchange. [arbitrage]

Output: mercantilism


Input: A diagram showing the combinations of different goods that an economy can produce with full employment of existing resources and available techniques. [arbitrage]

Output: production-possibility curve


Input: The ratio of the price received for a country’s exports to the price it pays for its imports. [arbitrage]

Output: terms of trade


Input: An illustration of the different combinations of two goods that would provide the community with the same level of well-being. [arbitrage]

Output: community indifference curve


Input: A country is relatively abundant (scarce) in a factor of production if the ratio of the endowment of that factor to other factors in the country is higher (lower) than in the rest of the world. [arbitrage]

Output: factor abundance (scarcity)


Input: A good is intensive in a factor of production if the value of that factor accounts for a greater share of total production cost in that good than in any other good. [arbitrage]

Output: factor intensity


Input: A country will export the good that intensively uses the country’s abundant (cheap) factor of production and will import the good that intensively uses its scarce (expensive) factor of production. [arbitrage]

Output: Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) theory


Input: Under certain assumptions, free trade will equalize not only commodity prices between countries but also factor prices, so that all laborers will earn the same real wage rate and all units of land will earn the same real rental return in both countries, regardless of the factor supplies or the demand patterns in the two countries. [arbitrage]

Output: factor price equalization theorem


Input: The degree of concentration of a factor in the production of a commodity or group of commodities. [arbitrage]

Output: factor specialization


Input: A factor that accounts for the same share of the value of output in all commodity lines. [arbitrage]

Output: neutral factor


Input: The principle that a factor’s price changes by a greater percentage than the change in the commodity price that caused it. [arbitrage]

Output: magnification effect


Input: Under certain assumptions, a change in product prices unambiguously raises the return to the factor used intensively in the rising price industry and lowers the return to the factor used intensively in the falling price industry, regardless of which goods the owners of the factors prefer to consume. [arbitrage]

Output: Stolper-Samuelson theorem


Input: The percent reduction in average costs achieved by expanding all inputs by a given percentage. [arbitrage]

Output: economies of scale


Input: Productivity gains and cost reductions that an individual firm reaps from the expansion of other firms in the same geographic area. [arbitrage]

Output: external economies of scale


Input: The theory that trade between two countries increases as the size and proximity of the countries increase. [arbitrage]

Output: gravity model of trade


Input: Productivity gains and cost reductions that a firm reaps from expanding its own scale of production. [arbitrage]

Output: internal economies of scale


Input: Two way trade in similar products between countries. IIT can be measured as the difference between total trade [X+M] and net trade │X-M│. [arbitrage]

Output: intra-industry trade


Input: A market structure with many firms selling differentiated products, and low barriers to entry and exit in the industry. It is like monopoly in that each firm has some control over the price it charges, because products are differentiated. Yet, like perfect competition, free entry and exit of other firms in the industry push each firm toward zero net profit. [arbitrage]

Output: monopolistic competition


Input: A market structure with a few firms supplying most of the output. Firms know that their actions affect each other. [arbitrage]

Output: oligopoly


Input: A tariff that is set as a percentage of a value of a good when it reaches the importing country. [arbitrage]

Output: ad valorem tariff


Input: The welfare loss to consumers in the importing nation that corresponds to their being forced to cut their total purchases of a good as a result of the tariff. [arbitrage]

Output: consumption effect


Input: Consumer loss from a tariff that accrues to neither the government nor producers. [arbitrage]

Output: deadweight loss


Input: The percentage by which the entire set of a nation’s trade barriers raises the industry’s value added per unit of output. [arbitrage]

Output: effective rate of production


Input: A tariff set at the rate that maximizes the gains for a large country (at the expense of foreign countries). Technically, the optimal rate, as a fraction of the price paid to foreigners, equals the reciprocal of the elasticity of supply of a country’s imports. [arbitrage]

Output: nationally optimal tariff


Input: “Small” countries that cannot affect the world price of the goods and services they trade. In these countries, the import supply curve is infinitely elastic. [arbitrage]

Output: price-taking countries


Input: The cost of shifting to more expensive domestic production from an import competing sector that is protected by a tariff on foreign goods [arbitrage]

Output: production effect


Input: A tariff set so high that it reduces imports to zero. [arbitrage]

Output: prohibitive tariff


Input: A tariff stipulated as a money amount per physical unit of the import. [arbitrage]

Output: specific tariff


Input: An international organization of most of the world’s countries; it oversees governmental policies regarding international trade. Its chief purposes are to liberalize trade and limit unfair export policies such as subsidies. [arbitrage]

Output: world trade organization


Input: Directs that a product made or assembled in a country must have a certain amount of “domestic value,” in the form of local factors of production that are used in (or locally made components that are part of) the finished product. [arbitrage]

Output: domestic content requirements


Input: A way of allocating import licenses in which the government simply assigns fixed shares to firms, often based on the shares of imports the firms had before the quota was imposed. [arbitrage]

Output: fixed favoritism


Input: A legal right to import goods subject to quotas or other nontariff barriers. Import licenses can be allocated by governments using competitive auction, fixed favoritism, or resource using application procedures. [arbitrage]

Output: import license


Input: A limit on total quantity of imports allowed into a country each year, the most common nontariff trade barrier [arbitrage]

Output: import quota


Input: An agreement between two nations to levy tariffs on each other at rates as low as those levied on any other country. [arbitrage]

Output: most favored nation status


Input: Part of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974. It gives the President power to impose import barriers against goods from a country using “unfair trade practices” to limit imports from the U.S. and other countries. [arbitrage]

Output: Section 301


Input: Nontariff barriers to trade that are equivalent to quotas. Exporting countries are coerced by the importing country into allocating a limited quota of exports. They are not legislated and can be imposed with or without formal international negotiations. [arbitrage]

Output: Voluntary export restraints


Input: Government financial assistance to relocate and retrain workers (and firms) for re employment in expanding sectors and away from sectors that are declining as a result of import competition. [arbitrage]

Output: adjustment assistance


Input: Conditions that prevent the market from equating the social costs and benefits with the private costs and benefits of an economic activity. For example, the market price of cigarettes does not reflect the indirect effect (externality) on third parties (other than the producer and the smoker), resulting in too many cigarettes being produced and consumed. The total social cost of smoking is higher than the private cost. Other distortions arise from conscious government policy. For example, the U.S. government subsidizes the production of tobacco, artificially increasing production and (potentially) flooding the world with cheap American cigarettes. [arbitrage]

Output: distortions


Input: A case in which agents believe that a goal will be achieved (or will fail) regardless of their own contribution. Thus, they do not contribute, in the hope of “riding free” if the cause succeeds. [arbitrage]

Output: free-rider problem


Input: The notion that tariffs are an important source of public revenues for poor countries because it is difficult for them to collect taxes. [arbitrage]

Output: developing government argument


Input: The argument that a new industry (especially in a less-developed country) needs protection until it attains a competitive level of cost (and output) in world markets. [arbitrage]

Output: infant industry argument


Input: A world that contains market distortions. [arbitrage]

Output: second best world


Input: This guideline states that it is more efficient to use those policy tools that are closest to the sources of the distortions separating private and social benefits or costs. [arbitrage]

Output: specificity rule


Input: Public sympathy for groups whose incomes fall due to import competition, either suddenly or during a general economic depression. [arbitrage]

Output: sudden damage effect