Input: Objective Summarize the case of patient MM.

Output: When patient MM was 3 ½, hot corrosive chemicals splashed on his face, destroying one eye and obliterating the cornea of the other. For the next 40 years, he could see only light and dark through the surviving eye, with no patterns. He had no visual memories or visual imagery. At age 43, he received a corneal transplant. Immediately, he could identify simple shapes such as a square, detect whether a bar was tilted or upright, state the direction of a moving object, and identify which of two objects was in front of the other. These aspects of vision were evidently well established by age 3 ½ and capable of emerging again without practice. However, his perception of detail was poor and did not improve. Because his retina was normal, the failure to develop detail perception implied a limitation in his visual cortex. Over the next two years, he improved in his ability to understand what he was seeing but only to a limited extent.

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: binocular input

Output: Stimulation from both eyes

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: sensitive (critical) period

Output: Period when experiences have a particularly strong and long-lasting influence

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: retinal disparity

Output: The discrepancy between what the left eye sees and what the right eye sees

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: strabismus

Output: A condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: lazy eye

Output: A condition that results from strabismus, in which a child fails to attend to the vision in one eye

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

If an experimenter sutures one eyelid shut for a kitten’s first four to six weeks of life, synapses in the visual cortex gradually become unresponsive to input from the deprived eye. Consequently, even after the deprived eye is opened, the kitten does not respond to input. If both eyes are kept shut for the first few weeks, we might expect the kitten to become blind in both eyes, but it does not. Evidently, when one eye remains shut during early development, the active synapses from the open eye displace the inactive synapses from the closed eye. If neither eye is active, no axon displaces any other. For at least three weeks, the kitten’s cortex remains normally responsive to both eyes. If the eyes remain shut for longer periods of time, the cortical responses become sluggish and lose their sharp receptive fields. That is, they respond to visual stimuli, but not much more strongly to one orientation than to another.


Input: astigmatism

Output: A blurring of vision for lines in one direction (e.g. horizontal, vertical, or one of the diagonals) Caused by an asymmetric curvature of the eyes


Input: What is the most efficient way to kill parasites in meat? [two host parasites]

Output: cook thoroughly

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What are the three parasites found in pork meat? [two host parasites]

Output: toxoplasma trichinella taenia solium

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the natural cycle of toxoplasma? How are food animals infected? Humans? [two host parasites]

Output: Cat/rodent ingestion of cat feces ingestion of meat or feces of infected animals

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Who are most at risk for toxoplasma? [two host parasites]

Output: immunocompromised and pregnant indiviuals most commonly see in pork in the US

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is trichinella? How long do you need to freeze meat to kill trichinella? What stage is found in the meat? [two host parasites]

Output: A nematode more than 3 days larval

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the natural cycle for tapeworms? What role do humans play? Food animals? [two host parasites]

Output: human/food animal definitive host intermediate host

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What tapeworm is the most dangerous to humans? What are the two ways humans can get this infection? [two host parasites]

Output: taemia solium ingestion of cystercercoids in meat or from ingestion of eggs from feces

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What method of transmission of Taenia solium causes neurological signs? What is this called? [two host parasites]

Output: ingestion of humans feces neurocysticercosis

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What species of tapeworm causes measley beef? if feedlot cattle are infected, how is this controlled? [two host parasites]

Output: taenia saginata deworm humans

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the name of the intestinal infection caused by adult tapeworms? [two host parasites]

Output: Taeniasis Ingestion of cysticercoids in meat

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the name of the tissue infection of tapeworms? [two host parasites]

Output: cystercercosis ingestion of eggs

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What three parasites require a few days in the environment to become infective? Which two are infective immediately? [two host parasites]

Output: Nematodes, cestodes and toxoplasma Giardia and Crypto

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which two parasites have environmentally stable oocysts? Which is more transmissible in water? How must these be killed? [two host parasites]

Output: Giardia and crypto Crypto Filter or boil

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Is meat infected with echinococcus infective to humans? Eggs in canid feces? [two host parasites]

Output: No Yes

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Who are the definitive hosts of fasciola? What is the intermediate host? How are humans infected? [two host parasites]

Output: Sheep and cattle Snail Ingestion of infected vegetation, not from liver

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Toxocara are what type of parasites? What can they cause in humans? [two host parasites]

Output: Roundworms Larval migrans

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the human roundworm? [two host parasites]

Output: Ascaris lumbricoides

Parastitic Foodborn disease (Epi) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: delivering problem-solving principles

Output: The nursing process is a method for organizing and _____________ nursing care based on ____________________.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: actual and potential health problems

Output: The nursing process is a method used by nurses to expedite diagnosis and treatment of ____________ and _____________ health problems.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: improved quality of care & quality of life continuity of care participation in his/her own care speeds up diagnosis and treatment creates cost effective plan (both in terms of human suffering and monetary expense) has precise documentation

Output: What are the advantages to the patient when a nurse uses the nursing process?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: individual, not the disease

Output: The nursing process has tailored interventions for the ____________________ not the ____________.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Lydia Hall in 1955

Output: Who first introduced the nursing process?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: diagnosis outcome identification

Output: The first four steps of the process left out __________ until 1973. Then in 1991, ANA identified _____________as the sixth step.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Assessment Diagnosis Planning Interventions Evaluation ADPIE

Output: What are the steps to the nursing process?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: 1. Knowledge and Critical Thinking 2. Skills 3. Caring

Output: What are the three important things that are vital for a nursing process to work?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: initial assessment & on-going assessment

Output: What are the kinds of assessments?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: baseline assessment data base assessment comprehensive assessment

Output: What is another name for initial assessment?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: all body systems, overall picture of health.

Output: What do initial assessments focus on?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: when you first meet them

Output: When do you take an initial assessment?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: used to make inital problem list

Output: What is an inital assessment used for?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: client's overall health status **it has MULTIPLE DATA VARIABLES has to be RN

Output: What is inital assessment concerned with? Who can do it?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: med/surg tool nursing history physician's initial history physical exam

Output: Give an example of a comprehensive assessment tool. Give an example of a comprehensive assessment.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Focused Assessment A) trend assessment B) decision assessment

Output: An on going assessment is also called a _________________. And it can be further divided into: A) B)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: focused assessment (aka: ongoing assessment)

Output: If you are asking questions such as: What are your symptoms? Are you taking any meds that might be causing this? What type of assessment are you doing?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: trend assessment (focused on specific category, problem or particular area of the body or body system)

Output: This assessment is done at every shift.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: because you are trying to evaluate the status of existing problems and identify new problems.

Output: Why do you do a trend/focused assessment on every shift?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Data base assessment (type of initial assessment)

Output: This assessment is to gather a bunch of data.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Focused assessment: trend assessment

Output: This assessment is done to ID any new problems that may have arisen.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: patient - primary textbooks- secondary

Output: What is a primary data source? What is a secondary data source?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: decisional assessment

Output: A panic assessment is an example of this type of assessment.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A. Data Collection B. Data Validation C. Data Organization D. Data Analysis E. Data Reporting/Recording

Output: What are the components of assessment?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: observation interviewing physical assessment (inspection, palpation, percussion, ausculatate)

Output: In which ways can you collect data? Give three examples:

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Cues - hints or reminders that prompt you to suspect a problem.

Output: Subjective and Objective data act as ________.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Subjective = stated Objective = observed

Output: Subjective data is _________. Objective data is _________.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: infering.....which is only as good as the person inferring.

Output: When you take cues and draw a conclusion, what are you doing?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: 1. observational skills 2. nursing knowledge 3. clinical expertise 4. values and beliefs (which could be bad b/c you could be making judgements)

Output: What things can help a nurse identify significant cues and make correct inferences?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: data that can be measured accurately...(height, weights, lab study results)

Output: What type of data can be accepted as factual?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: to get a clear picture of health status. Cluster it according to purpose.

Output: Why do you need to cluster data?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: head to toe body systems

Output: What type of organizational systems focus on medical models?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Doenges/Moorhouse nursing models helps you see nursing problems, medical models helps you see medical problems

Output: How do WE organize information?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: according to Maslow's priority of needs **you can organize or cluster your data a couple of different ways because each way will reveal different data.

Output: How do you organize information in order to prioritize?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: medical problems

Output: If you cluster according to body systems, you will reveal.....

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: identifying patterns, testing first impressions

Output: Data analysis can also be called:

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: recognize strengths

Output: When you analyze correctly, the most important thing you do is.....

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: that they are individualized

Output: When you identify appropriate interventions after correctly analyzing data, what is important about these interventions?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: with nursing model, you identify strengths too...in medical model you only focus on problems

Output: What is the big difference between the nursing model and the medical model when it comes to analyzing data?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: analyzing

Output: What is the first step to making a diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: assessment, but it can be part of nursing diagnosis in other programs

Output: In our program, analyzing data is part of what step of the nursing process?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: problems the nurse can legally prescribe definitive interventions independently

Output: What type of problems should be identified in a nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the nurse is soley accountable

Output: Who is responsible for initiating a plan to treat the problems identified in a nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: As evidenced by

Output: What words do you avoid when writing a nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: provides a basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.

Output: What is the purpose of a nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: to clarify the exact nature of the problems and risk factors you need to address to achieve the overall expected outcomes of care.

Output: What is a second purpose of the nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: wait for evidence of problems before beginning treatment.

Output: What does diagnose and treat (DT) require you to do?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: with known problems PREDICT the most common and most dangerous complications and take immediate action to PREVENT them and MANAGE THEM Then you PROMOTE optimum function, independence and well being

Output: What does PPMP approach require you to do?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: diagnosis

Output: Actual and potential problems


Input: interventions

Output: Specific treatments or actions needed to prevent, resolve or manage actual and potential problems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: outcome (goal?)

Output: Specific data that is observed in the patient to show that he or she has benefited from care.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the knowledge and skills to identify problems and risks and to perform actions safely and efficiently in various situations.

Output: If you are competent, you have.......

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the authority to perform an action or give a professional opinion.

Output: If you are qualified you have.....

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the most specific action or tx required to prevent, resolve or manage a health problem. ex: abx for pneumonia (although a lot of other things would help, without the abx, you won't get very far in the tx)

Output: What is a definitive intervention?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: observable objective data ex: rashes and fever

Output: signs

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: subjective data ex: pain and fatigue

Output: symptoms

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: signs and symptoms that prompt you to suspect a problem or potential problem

Output: cues

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the problem and the cause

Output: A definitive diagnosis clearly identifies these two things...

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the IMPACT of the disease, trauma or life change ADLs Quality of life issues

Output: What is the main focus of the nursing diagnosis?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: actual diagnosis risk diagnosis

Output: Which diagnosis has two parts to its statement?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: wellness diagnosis

Output: Which diagnosis only has one part to its statement?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: hypothermia hyperthermia

Output: What are the only two nursing diagnosis that are equal to medical dx?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: 1. setting priorities 2. establishing outcomes/goals 3. determining nursing interventions 4. ensuring the plan is adequately recorded

Output: What four things does planning involve?

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Cough impulse - transmits thrill Swelling of soft and diffuse Empties with minimal pressure and refills on release Venous hum on auscultation Bluish tinge Dissapears on lying down Usually substantial varicose veins elsewhere in the long saphenous system [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Signs and symptoms


Input: doppler US [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: How do you diagnse a saphena varix?


Input: high saphenous ligation, varicose vein excision [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: How do you treat a saphena varix?


Input: Collection of pus in the ileopsoas mm compartment Can arise from haematogenous spread, contiguous spread from intraabdominal or pelvic process or nearby bony structures [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is the aetiology of psoas abscesses?


Input: S. aureus, mix or enteric organisms including aerobic and anaerobic gram -ve bacilli [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What are the organisms commonly found in psoas abscesses?


Input: Psoas sign - pain brought on by hip extension [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is the sign that can elicit tenderness of the psoas muscle


Input: Fever Lower abomdinal or back pain or pain referred to hip or knee + psoas sign - pain brought on by extension of the hip Hip pain is diminished with hip flexion inguinal mass limp, anorexia, weight loss [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Clinical presentation of psoas abscess?


Input: CT [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is the most useful diagnostic test for psoas abscess?


Input: CT guided drainage and antibiotics, surgical drainage if no clinical improvement after 2 days [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: How do you treat psoas abscess?


Input: Benign tumour of fat = commonest form of benign soft tissue tumours [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is a lipoma?


Input: Soft and non tender Asymptomatic Fluctulant and lobulated Neither fixed to skin or deep tissues Usually do not enlarge quickly [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What are the characteristics of a lipoma?


Input: Conservative Surgery if: painful, enlarging, pressure effects on adjacent structures, > 5cm, deep to the deep fascia (more likely to be malignant if in limbs) [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Management of lipoma


Input: Infective Neoplastic - lymphoma/other malignancies Reactive - CT, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, drugs [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What are the 3 main causes of enlarged lymph nodes?


Input: Horizontal group lies along the inguinal ligament A vertical group lies beside the great saphenous vein in the proximal thigh [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Hwere do the inguinal lymph nodes lie?


Input: They met to the paraaortic nodes and do NOT involve the inguinal nodes Scrotal cancer spreads to the inguinal nodes [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Which lymph nodes do tumours of the testis and scrotal cancer met to?


Input: STIs Malignant melanoma of lower limb Anal or vulval or scrotal cancer [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Differential of localised inguinal lymph nodes


Input: no [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Are lymph nodes reducible?


Input: Tender - reactive Non-tender - haematological disease Can be fixed or mobile Are not reducible soft or firm, rubbery, hard, discrete, matted [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Symptoms of lymphadenopathy?


Input: hard, nontender, nonmovable [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What do nodes containing metastatic cancer feel like?


Input: large, discrete, symmetric, rubbery, firm, mobile, non tender [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What do nodes containing lymphoma feel like?


Input: femoral artery [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is the most common peripheral aneurysm?


Input: Asymptomatic Local pain or pulsatile groin mass severe ischaemia of lower extremity - claudication, rest pain, gangrene (42% of patients) [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: How do femoral artery aneurysms present?


Input: local symptoms, limb threatening sx > 2.5cm [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Indications for surgical management of femoral artery aneurysms?


Input: = a nerve cell tumour that arises either sponardically as cutaneous nodules or due to previous trauma Commonly associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is a femoral neuroma?


Input: Compression causes pain and paraesthesia in the distribution of the femoral nerve small, firm in texture [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: Symptoms of a femoral neuroma?


Input: It is the most common benign tumour of the spermatic cord [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is a cord lipoma?


Input: fluid remnant within the remnant processus vaginalis Noncommunicating - processus has closed proximally (Normal spermatic cord can usually be palpated above the level of the hydrocele) [What is a saphena varix?]

Output: What is a hydrocele?


Input: The nursing process is a method for organizing and _____________ nursing care based on ____________________.

Output: delivering problem-solving principles

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: The nursing process is a method used by nurses to expedite diagnosis and treatment of ____________ and _____________ health problems.

Output: actual and potential health problems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the advantages to the patient when a nurse uses the nursing process?

Output: improved quality of care & quality of life continuity of care participation in his/her own care speeds up diagnosis and treatment creates cost effective plan (both in terms of human suffering and monetary expense) has precise documentation

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: The nursing process has tailored interventions for the ____________________ not the ____________.

Output: individual, not the disease

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Who first introduced the nursing process?

Output: Lydia Hall in 1955

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: The first four steps of the process left out __________ until 1973. Then in 1991, ANA identified _____________as the sixth step.

Output: diagnosis outcome identification

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the steps to the nursing process?

Output: Assessment Diagnosis Planning Interventions Evaluation ADPIE

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the three important things that are vital for a nursing process to work?

Output: 1. Knowledge and Critical Thinking 2. Skills 3. Caring

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the kinds of assessments?

Output: initial assessment & on-going assessment

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is another name for initial assessment?

Output: baseline assessment data base assessment comprehensive assessment

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What do initial assessments focus on?

Output: all body systems, overall picture of health.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: When do you take an initial assessment?

Output: when you first meet them

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is an inital assessment used for?

Output: used to make inital problem list

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is inital assessment concerned with? Who can do it?

Output: client's overall health status **it has MULTIPLE DATA VARIABLES has to be RN

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Give an example of a comprehensive assessment tool. Give an example of a comprehensive assessment.

Output: med/surg tool nursing history physician's initial history physical exam

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: An on going assessment is also called a _________________. And it can be further divided into: A) B)

Output: Focused Assessment A) trend assessment B) decision assessment

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: If you are asking questions such as: What are your symptoms? Are you taking any meds that might be causing this? What type of assessment are you doing?

Output: focused assessment (aka: ongoing assessment)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: This assessment is done at every shift.

Output: trend assessment (focused on specific category, problem or particular area of the body or body system)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Why do you do a trend/focused assessment on every shift?

Output: because you are trying to evaluate the status of existing problems and identify new problems.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: This assessment is to gather a bunch of data.

Output: Data base assessment (type of initial assessment)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: This assessment is done to ID any new problems that may have arisen.

Output: Focused assessment: trend assessment

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is a primary data source? What is a secondary data source?

Output: patient - primary textbooks- secondary

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: A panic assessment is an example of this type of assessment.

Output: decisional assessment

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the components of assessment?

Output: A. Data Collection B. Data Validation C. Data Organization D. Data Analysis E. Data Reporting/Recording

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: In which ways can you collect data? Give three examples:

Output: observation interviewing physical assessment (inspection, palpation, percussion, ausculatate)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: Subjective and Objective data act as ________.

Output: Cues - hints or reminders that prompt you to suspect a problem.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: Subjective data is _________. Objective data is _________.

Output: Subjective = stated Objective = observed

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: When you take cues and draw a conclusion, what are you doing?

Output: infering.....which is only as good as the person inferring.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What things can help a nurse identify significant cues and make correct inferences?

Output: 1. observational skills 2. nursing knowledge 3. clinical expertise 4. values and beliefs (which could be bad b/c you could be making judgements)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What type of data can be accepted as factual?

Output: data that can be measured accurately...(height, weights, lab study results)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Why do you need to cluster data?

Output: to get a clear picture of health status. Cluster it according to purpose.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What type of organizational systems focus on medical models?

Output: head to toe body systems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: How do WE organize information?

Output: Doenges/Moorhouse nursing models helps you see nursing problems, medical models helps you see medical problems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: How do you organize information in order to prioritize?

Output: according to Maslow's priority of needs **you can organize or cluster your data a couple of different ways because each way will reveal different data.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: If you cluster according to body systems, you will reveal.....

Output: medical problems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Data analysis can also be called:

Output: identifying patterns, testing first impressions

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: When you analyze correctly, the most important thing you do is.....

Output: recognize strengths

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: When you identify appropriate interventions after correctly analyzing data, what is important about these interventions?

Output: that they are individualized

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is the big difference between the nursing model and the medical model when it comes to analyzing data?

Output: with nursing model, you identify strengths too...in medical model you only focus on problems

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is the first step to making a diagnosis?

Output: analyzing

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: In our program, analyzing data is part of what step of the nursing process?

Output: assessment, but it can be part of nursing diagnosis in other programs

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: What type of problems should be identified in a nursing diagnosis?

Output: problems the nurse can legally prescribe definitive interventions independently

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: Who is responsible for initiating a plan to treat the problems identified in a nursing diagnosis?

Output: the nurse is soley accountable

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What words do you avoid when writing a nursing diagnosis?

Output: As evidenced by

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is the purpose of a nursing diagnosis?

Output: provides a basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is a second purpose of the nursing diagnosis?

Output: to clarify the exact nature of the problems and risk factors you need to address to achieve the overall expected outcomes of care.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What does diagnose and treat (DT) require you to do?

Output: wait for evidence of problems before beginning treatment.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What does PPMP approach require you to do?

Output: with known problems PREDICT the most common and most dangerous complications and take immediate action to PREVENT them and MANAGE THEM Then you PROMOTE optimum function, independence and well being

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Actual and potential problems

Output: diagnosis

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Specific treatments or actions needed to prevent, resolve or manage actual and potential problems

Output: interventions

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: Specific data that is observed in the patient to show that he or she has benefited from care.

Output: outcome (goal?)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: If you are competent, you have.......

Output: the knowledge and skills to identify problems and risks and to perform actions safely and efficiently in various situations.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: If you are qualified you have.....

Output: the authority to perform an action or give a professional opinion.

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

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Input: What is a definitive intervention?

Output: the most specific action or tx required to prevent, resolve or manage a health problem. ex: abx for pneumonia (although a lot of other things would help, without the abx, you won't get very far in the tx)

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: signs

Output: observable objective data ex: rashes and fever

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: symptoms

Output: subjective data ex: pain and fatigue


Input: cues

Output: signs and symptoms that prompt you to suspect a problem or potential problem


Input: A definitive diagnosis clearly identifies these two things...

Output: the problem and the cause

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What is the main focus of the nursing diagnosis?

Output: the IMPACT of the disease, trauma or life change ADLs Quality of life issues

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Which diagnosis has two parts to its statement?

Output: actual diagnosis risk diagnosis

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: Which diagnosis only has one part to its statement?

Output: wellness diagnosis

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What are the only two nursing diagnosis that are equal to medical dx?

Output: hypothermia hyperthermia

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whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: What four things does planning involve?

Output: 1. setting priorities 2. establishing outcomes/goals 3. determining nursing interventions 4. ensuring the plan is adequately recorded

NUR115 Test #3 StackA Flashcards - Cram.com

whenever client care is provided....whenever the client and nurse come together


Input: A kitten that has one eye closed for a period of several weeks recovers better if it goes through a few days with the opposite eye deprived of vision. Evidently, the deprived eye regains more cortical functioning if it doesn’t have to overcome a competitor.

Output: Objective Explain how to restore sensitivity to an eye that has become inactive.

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: Astigmatism is a blurring of vision for lines in one direction (e.g. horizontal, vertical, or one of the diagonals). It is caused by an asymmetric curvature of the eyes.

Output: Objective Identify the characteristics of astigmatism.

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: People born with cataracts (cloudy areas on the lenses) in one eye develop nearly normal vision, but problems do arise if the left eye is affected. As previously mentioned, prosopagnosia is linked most strongly to damage to the fusiform gyrus in the right hemisphere. This hemisphere needs early stimulation in order to develop its particular expertise at face recognition.

Output: Objective Discuss the visual impairments of people born with cataracts in either one eye or both eyes.

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: When patient MM was 3 ½, hot corrosive chemicals splashed on his face, destroying one eye and obliterating the cornea of the other. For the next 40 years, he could see only light and dark through the surviving eye, with no patterns. He had no visual memories or visual imagery. At age 43, he received a corneal transplant. Immediately, he could identify simple shapes such as a square, detect whether a bar was tilted or upright, state the direction of a moving object, and identify which of two objects was in front of the other. These aspects of vision were evidently well established by age 3 ½ and capable of emerging again without practice. However, his perception of detail was poor and did not improve. Because his retina was normal, the failure to develop detail perception implied a limitation in his visual cortex. Over the next two years, he improved in his ability to understand what he was seeing but only to a limited extent.

Output: Objective Summarize the case of patient MM.

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: Stimulation from both eyes

Output: binocular input

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: Period when experiences have a particularly strong and long-lasting influence

Output: sensitive (critical) period

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: The discrepancy between what the left eye sees and what the right eye sees

Output: retinal disparity

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: A condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction

Output: strabismus

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: A condition that results from strabismus, in which a child fails to attend to the vision in one eye

Output: lazy eye

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: A blurring of vision for lines in one direction (e.g. horizontal, vertical, or one of the diagonals) Caused by an asymmetric curvature of the eyes

Output: astigmatism

2-06 Development of the Visual System Flashcards - Cram.com

Objective Describe the effects of early lack of stimulation of one eye or both eyes.


Input: [Abreaction] Abstract thinking

Output: Thinking characterized by the ability to grasp the essentials of a whole, to break a whole into its parts, and to discern common properties. To think symbolically.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Abulia

Output: Reduced impulse to act and to think, associated with indifference about consequences of action. Occurs as a result of neurological deficit, depression, and schizophrenia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acalculia

Output: Loss of ability to do calculations; not caused by anxiety or impairment in concentration. Occurs with neurological deficit and learning disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acataphasia

Output: Disordered speech in which statements are incorrectly formulated. Patients may express themselves with words that sound like the ones intended but are not appropriate to the thoughts, or they may use totally inappropriate expressions.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acathexis

Output: Lack of feeling associated with an ordinarily emotionally charged subject; in psychoanalysis, it denotes the patient's detaching or transferring of emtion from thoughts and ideas. Also called decathexis. Occurs in anxiety, dissociative, schizophrenic, and bipolar disorders.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acenesthesia

Output: Loss of sensation of physical existence.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acrophobia

Output: Dread of high places.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Acting out

Output: Behavioral response to an unconscious drive or impulse that brings about temporary partial relief of inner tension; relief is attained by reacting to a present situation as if it were the situation that originally gave rise to the drive or impulse. Common in borderline states.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aculalia

Output: Nonsense speech associated with marked impairment of comprehension. Occurs in mania, schizophrenia, and neurological deficit.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Adiadochokinesia

Output: Inability to perform rapid alternating movements. Occurs with neurological deficit and cerebellar lesions.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Adynamia

Output: Weakness and fatigability, characteristic of neurasthenia and depression.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aerophagia

Output: Excessive swallowing of air. Seen in anxiety disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Affect

Output: The subjective and immediate experience of emotion attached to ideas or mental representations of objects. Affect has outward manifestations that may be classified as restricted, blunted, flattened, broad, labile, appropriate, or inappropriate.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Ageusia

Output: Lack or impairment of the sense of taste. Seen in depression and neurological deficit.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aggression

Output: Forceful, goal-directed action that may be verbal or physical; the motor counterpart of the affect of rage, anger, or hostility. Seen in neurological deficit, temporal lobe disorder, impulse-control disorders, mania, and schizophrenia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Agitation

Output: Severe anxiety associated with motor restlessness.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Agnosia

Output: Inability to understand the import or significance of sensory stimuli; cannot be explained by a defect in sensory pathways or cerebral lesion; the term has also been used to refer to the selective loss or disuse of knowledge of specific objects because of emotional circumstances, as seen in certain schizophrenic, anxious, and depressed patients. Occurs with neurological deficit.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Agoraphobia

Output: Morbid fear of open places or leaving the familiar setting of the home. May be present with or witout panic attacks.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Agraphia

Output: Loss or impairment of a previously possessed ability to write.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Ailurophobia

Output: Dread of cats.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Akasthisia

Output: Subjective feeling of motor restlessness manifested by a compelling need to be in constant movement; may be seen as an extrapyramidal adverse effect of antipsychotic medication. May be mistaken for psychotic agitation.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Akinesia

Output: Lack of physical movement, as in the extreme immobility of catatonic schizophrenia; may also occur as an extrapyramidal effect of antipsychotic medication.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Akinetic mutism

Output: Absence of voluntary motor movement or speech in a patient who is apparently alert (as evidenced by eye movements). Seen in psychotic depression and catatonic states.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Alexia

Output: Loss of previously possessed reading facility; not explained by defective visual acuity.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Alexithymia

Output: Inability or difficulty in describing or being aware of one's emotions or moods; elaboration of fantasies associated with depression, substance abuse, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Algophobia

Output: Dread of pain.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Alogia

Output: Inability to speak because of a mental deficiency or an episode of dementia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Ambivalence

Output: Coexistence of two opposing impulses toward the same thing in the same person at the same time. Seen in schizophrenia, borderline states, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Amimia

Output: Lack of ability to make gestures or to comprehend those made by others.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Amnesia

Output: Partial or total inability to recall past experiences; may be organic (amnestic disorder) or emotional (dissociative amnesia) in origin.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Amnestic aphasia

Output: Disturbed capacity to name objects, even thought they are known to the patient. Also called anomic aphasia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anaclitic

Output: Depending on others, especially as the infant on the mother; anaclitic depresion in children results from an absense of mothering.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Analgesia

Output: State in which one feels little or no pain. Can occur under hypnosis and in dissociative disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anacasm

Output: Repetitious or stereotyped behavior or thought usually used as a tension-relieving device; used as a synonym for obsession and seen in obsessive-compulsive (anankastic) personaltiy.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Androgyny

Output: Combination of culturally determined female and male characteristics in one person.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anergia

Output: Lack of energy.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anhedonia

Output: Loss of interest in and withdrawal from all regular and pleasurable activities. Often associated with depression.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anomia

Output: Inabiliity to recall the names of objects.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anorexia

Output: Loss or decrease in appetite. In anorexia nervosa, appetite may be preserved, but the patient refuses to eat.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anosognosia

Output: Inability to recognize a physical deficit in oneself (e.g. patient denies paralyzed limb).

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anterograde Amnesia

Output: Loss of memory for events subsequent to the onset of the amnesia; common after trauma.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Anxiety

Output: Feeling of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger, which may be internal or external.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Apathy

Output: Dulled emotional tone associated with detachment or indefference; observed in certain types of schizophrenia and depression.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aphasia

Output: Any disturbance in the comprehension or expression of language caused by a brain lesion.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aphonia

Output: Loss of voice. Seen in conversion disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Apperception

Output: Awareness of the meaning and significance of a particular sensory stimulus as modified by one's experiences, knowledge, thoughts, and emotions.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Appropriate affect

Output: Emotional tone in harmony with the accompanying idea, thought, or speech.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Apraxia

Output: Inability to perform a voluntary purposeful motor activity; cannot be explained by paralysis or other motor or sensory impairment. In constructional apraxia, a patient cannot draw two or three-dimensional forms.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Astasia abasia

Output: Inability to stand or to walk in a normal manner, even though normal leg movements can be perfored in a sitting or lying down position. Seen in conversion disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Astereognosis

Output: Inability to identify familiar objects by touch. Seen with neurological deficit.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Asthenopia

Output: Pain or discomfort of the eyes, for example, pressure, grittiness.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Asyndesis

Output: Disorder of language in which the patient combines unconnected ideas and images. Commonly seen in schizophrenia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Ataxia

Output: Lack of coordination, physical or mental. (1) In neurology, refers to loss of muscular coordination. (2) In psychiatry, the term intrapyschic ataxia refiers to lack of coordination between feelings and thoughts; seen in schizophrenia and in severe OCD.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Atonia

Output: Lack of muscle tone.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Attention

Output: Concentration; the aspect of consciousness that relates to the amount of effort exerted in focusing on certain aspects of an experience, activity, or task. Usually impaired in anxiety and depressive disorders.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Auditory hallucination

Output: False perception of sound, usually voices, but also other noises, such as music. Most common hallucination in psychiatric disorders.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Aura

Output: (1) Warning sensations, such as automatisms, fullness in the stomach, blushing, and changes in respiration; cognitive sensations; and mood states usually experienced before a seizure. (2) A sensory prodrome that preceeds a classic migraine headache.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Autistic thinking

Output: Thinking in which the thoughts are largely narcissistic and egocentric, with emphasis on subjectivity rather than objectivity, and without regard for reality; used interchangeably with autism and dereism. Seen in schizophrenia and autistic disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Automatism

Output: A state following a seizure in which the person performs movements or actions without being aware of what is happening.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Behavior

Output: Sum total of the psyche that includes impulses, motivations, wishes, drives, instincts, and cravings, as expressed by a peson's behavior or motor activity. Also called conation.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bereavement

Output: Feeling of grief or desolation, especially at the death or loss of a loved one.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bizarre delusion

Output: False belief that is patently absurd or fantastic (e.g., invaders from space have implated electrodes in a person's brain). Common in schizophrnia. In nonbizarre delusion, content is usually within the range of possibility.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Blackout

Output: Amnesia experienced by alcoholics about behavior during drinking bouts; usually indicates reversible brain damage.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Blocking

Output: Abrupt interuption in train of thinking before a thought or idea is finished; after a brief pause, the person indicates no recall of what was being said or was going to be said (also known as thought deprivation or increased thought latency). Common in shcizophrenia and severe anxiety.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Blunted affect

Output: Disturbance of affect manifested by a severe reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone; one of the fundamental symptoms of schizophrenia, as outlined by Eugen Bleuler.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bradykinesia

Output: Slowness of motor activity, with a decrease in normal spontaneous movement.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bradylalia

Output: Abnormally slow speech. Common in depression.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bradylexia

Output: Inability to read at normal speed.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Bruxism

Output: Grinding or gnashing of the teeth, typically occuring during sleep. Seen in anxiety disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Carebaria

Output: Sensation of discomfort or pressure in the head.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Catalepsy

Output: Condition in which persons maintain the body position into which they are placed; observed in severe cases of catatonic schizophrenia. Also called waxy flexibility and cerea flexibilitas.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cataplexy

Output: Temporary sudden loss of muscle tone, causing weakness and immobilization; can be precipitated by a variety of emotional states and is often followed by sleep. Commonly seen in narcolepsy.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Catatonic excitement

Output: Excited, uncontrolled motor activity seen in catatonic schizophrenia. Patients in a catatonic state may suddenly erupt into an excited state and may be violent.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Catatonic posturing

Output: Voluntary assumption of an inappropriate or bizarre posture, generally maintained for long periods of time. May switch unexpectedly with catatonic excitement.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Catatonic rigidity

Output: Fixed and sustained motoric position that is resistant to change

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Catatonic stupor

Output: Stupor in which patients ordinarily are well aware of the their surroundings.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cathexis

Output: In psychoanalysis, a conscious or unconscious investment of psychic energy in an idea, concept, object, or person.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Causalgia

Output: Burning pain that may be organic or psychic in origin.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cenesthesia

Output: Change in the normal quality of feeling tone in a part of the body.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cephalagia

Output: Headache.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cerea flexibilitas

Output: Condition of a person who can be molded into a position that is then maintained; when an examiner moves the person's limb, the limb feels as if it were made of wax. Also called catalepsy or waxy flexibility. Seen in schizophrenia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Chorea

Output: Movement disorder characterized by random and involuntary quick, jerky, purposeless movements. Seen in Huntington's disease.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Circumstantiality

Output: Disturbance in the associative thought and speech processes in which a patient digresses into unnecessary details and inappropriate thoughts before communicating the central idea. Observed in schizophrenia, obsessional disturbances, and certain cases of dementia.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Clang association

Output: Association or speech directed by the sound of a word rather than by its meaning; words have no logical connection; punning and rhyming may dominate the verbal behavior. Seen most frequently in schizophrenia or mania.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Claustrophobia

Output: Abnormal fear of closed or confining spaces.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Clonic convulsion

Output: An involuntary, violent muscular contraction or spasm in which the muscles alternately contract and relax. Characteristic phase in grand mal epileptic seizure.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Clouding of consciousness

Output: Any disturbance of consciousness in which the person is not fully awake, alert, and oriented. Occurs in delirium, dementia, and cognitive disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cluttering

Output: Disturbance of fluency involving an abnormally rapid rate and erratic rhythm of speech that impedes intelligibility; the affected individual is usually aware of communicative impairment.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Cognition

Output: Mental process of knowing and becoming aware; function is closely associated with judgment.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Coma

Output: State of profound unconsciousness from which a person cannot be roused, with minimal or no detectable responsiveness to stimuli; seen in injury or disease of the brain, in systemic conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis and uremia, and in intoxications with alcohol and other drugs. Coma may also occur in severe catatonic states and in conversion disorder.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Coma vigil

Output: Coma in which apatient appears to be asleep but can be aroused (also know as akinetic mutism).

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Command automatism

Output: Condition associated with catalepsy in which suggestions are followed automatically.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Command hallucination

Output: False perception of orders that a person may feel obliged to obey or unable to resist.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Complex

Output: A feeling-toned idea.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Complex partial seizure

Output: A seizure characterized by alterations in consciousness that may be accompanied by complex hallucinations (sometimes olfactory) or illusions. During the seizure, a state of impaired consciousness resembling a dream-like state may occur, and the patient may exhibit repetivie, automatic, or semipurposeful behavior.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Compulsion

Output: Pathological need to act on an impulse that, if resisted, produces anxiety; repetitive behavior in response to an obsession or performed according to certain rules, with no true end in itself other than to prevent something from occuring in the future.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Conation

Output: That part of a person's mental life concerned with cravings, strivings, motivations, drives, and wishes as expressed through behavior or motor activity.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Concrete thinking

Output: Thinking characterized by actual things, events, and immediate experience rather than by abstractions; seen in young children, in those who have lost or never developed the ability to generalize (as in certain cognitive mental disorders), and in schizophrenic persons.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Condensation

Output: Mental process in whch one symbol stands for a number of components.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Confabulation

Output: Unconscious filling of gaps in memory by imagining experiences or events that have no basis in fact, commonly seen in amnestic syndromes; should be differentiated from lying.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.


Input: [Abreaction] Confusion

Output: Disturbances of consciousness manifested by a disordered orientation in relation to time, place, or person.

Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry Flashcards - Cram.com

A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.