Input: [Common Stock] Securities Act 1933

Output: SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission)


Input: [Common Stock] Bull Market

Output: Optimism (rising prices)


Input: [Common Stock] Bear Market

Output: Pessimism (falling prices)


Input: [Common Stock] full-service broker

Output: transactions + full array of services (Merril Lynch)


Input: [Common Stock] Discount Broker

Output: low cost, little to no service for investors


Input: [Common Stock] Online (electronic) Broker

Output: Transactions over the internet


Input: [Common Stock] Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC)

Output: Non profit subject to SEC and congressional oversight to protect investors against company failure


Input: [Common Stock] odd lot

Output: fewer than 100 shares of stock


Input: [Common Stock] round lot

Output: 100 or multiple


Input: [Common Stock] Brokers don't..

Output: manage portfolios


Input: [Common Stock] Market Order

Output: Order to buy or sell security at best price available at time of placement


Input: [Common Stock] Limit Order

Output: buy or sell above or below certain prices


Input: [Common Stock] Stop-loss

Output: Sell below certain level


Input: [Common Stock] Margin Purchase

Output: Purchase of securities with borrowed funds, the allowable amount of which is limited by the Fed (50%)


Input: [Common Stock] Short Sale

Output: Transaction involving selling borrowed securities with the exception that they can be replaced at a lower price at some future date, anticipating decline


Input: [Common Stock] Informed investors

Output: know what they're getting into, use annual stockholder's report, brokerage reports, and advisory services


Input: [Common Stock] Stock split

Output: mitosis of shares without losing net value of holding


Input: [Common Stock] Standard and Poor's (S&P)

Output: similar to DJIA, but different computation method


Input: [Common Stock] Dow Jones Industrial Average

Output: Most widely followed measure of stock performance, 30 blue chips, mostly on NYSE


Input: [Common Stock] New York Stock Exchange

Output: index of the performance of all NYSE listed stocks


Input: [Common Stock] American Stock Exchange (AMEX)

Output: index of performance of all stocks listed on the American Stock Exchange


Input: poorer than normal auditory sensitivity for sounds; usually measured in decibels, using pure tones [hearing impairment]

Output: hearing sensitivity loss


Input: limited or absent hearing for ordinary purposes of daily living [hearing impairment]

Output: deaf


Input: remaining usable hearing in a person with hearing loss [hearing impairment]

Output: residual hearing


Input: refers to a person who has hearing loss but uses the auditory channel as the primary avenue for oral communication, with or without a hearing aid [hearing impairment]

Output: hard of hearing


Input: technically not a hearing loss; individual experiences difficulty hearing spoken language at a distance or when background noise is present [hearing impairment]

Output: minimal hearing loss


Input: shell or spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that is responsible for hearing [hearing impairment]

Output: cochlea


Input: the loss of sound sensitivity produced by abnormalities of the outer ear and/or middle ear [hearing impairment]

Output: conductive hearing loss


Input: the loss of sound sensitivity produced by abnormalities of the inner ear or nerve pathways beyond the inner ear to the brain [hearing impairment]

Output: sensorineural hearing loss


Input: a professional who studies the science of hearing, including anatomy, function, and disorders, and provides education and treatment for those with hearing loss [hearing impairment]

Output: audiologist


Input: less than normal hearing (either sensitivity or speech understanding) resulting from auditory disorders [hearing impairment]

Output: hearing impairment


Input: a graphic representation of audiometric findings showing hearing thresholds as a function of frequency [hearing impairment]

Output: audiogram


Input: the number of vibrations per second of a given sound wave, typically measured as cycles per second (cps) or hertz (Hz) [hearing impairment]

Output: frequency


Input: a unit of measurement for sound frequency, expressed as cycles per second (cps) [hearing impairment]

Output: hertz (Hz)


Input: a unit of measure expressing the magnitude of a sound relative to the softest sound to which the normal human ear can respond [hearing impairment]

Output: decibels (dB)


Input: the absence or closure of the ear canal; can be congenital or acquired from injury or disease [hearing impairment]

Output: atresia


Input: they have significant implications for treatment and education [hearing impairment]

Output: Why is important to know the age of onset, type, and degree of hearing loss?


Input: genetic/hereditary: Waardenburg Syndrome, Usher Syndrome, Down Syndrome; infections: cytomegalovirus (CMV), meningitis; developmental abnormalities: atresia; environmental/traumatic factors: ototoxicity [hearing impairment]

Output: What are the four major causes of hearing impairments? Give examples related to each one.


Input: prelingual is the disordered hearing present at birth or before the development of speech and language, postlingual describes the deficit acquired after the acquistion or speech and language [hearing impairment]

Output: What is the primary difference between prelingual and postlingual hearing loss?


Input: intelligence, speech and language, social development, educational achievement, the students may be significantly delayed in comparison to their peers with normal hearing [hearing impairment]

Output: What are the major areas of development that are usually affected by a hearing impairment? What is the impact on the student's educational achievement?


Input: for speech and language development [hearing impairment]

Output: Why is early identification of a hearing impairment important?


Input: new borns [hearing impairment]

Output: What is the youngest age a child can be screened for a hearing impairment?


Input: auditory thresholds [hearing impairment]

Output: What type of information does an audiogram provide?


Input: an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversly affects an individual's educational performance. the term includes both partial sight and blindness [hearing impairment]

Output: visual impairment


Input: the ability to visually perceive details of near or distant objects [hearing impairment]

Output: visual acuity


Input: the amount of vision in the quadrant regions to the right, left, above, and below while gazing straight ahead [hearing impairment]

Output: visual field


Input: a visual impairment that interferes with the ability to perform daily activities and in which the primary channel of learning is through the use of prescription and nonprescription devices [hearing impairment]

Output: low vision


Input: an individual's usable vision [hearing impairment]

Output: residual vision


Input: an educational description when the primary channel of learning is through tactile and auditory means [hearing impairment]

Output: functionally blind


Input: an eye chary of clinical measurement of the true amount of distance vision an individual has under certain conditions [hearing impairment]

Output: Snellen chart


Input: an individual's most frequently used method of reading and writing [hearing impairment]

Output: primary literacy medium


Input: a communication system utilizing raised apprehension of written materials for tactual interpretation [hearing impairment]

Output: braille


Input: a simple measure to determine possible vision loss [hearing impairment]

Output: vision screening


Input: systematic techniques to plan routes and move from place to place for persons with visual impairments [hearing impairment]

Output: orientation and mobility (O&M)


Input: the legal definition is a visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye with correction or a visual field that is no greater than 20 degrees, it differs from the IDEA definition because it does not mention education [hearing impairment]

Output: What is the legal definition of blindness? How does it differ from the IDEA definition?


Input: asses the true amount of distance vision an individual has under certain conditions, 20 refers to the distance at which visual acuity is measured and 200 indicates the distance from which a person with normal vision would be able to identify the largest symbol on the pie chart [hearing impairment]

Output: What does the Snellen chart assess? What doe 20/200 mean?


Input: it can determine the prognosis for visual impairments [hearing impairment]

Output: Why is early detection of vision problems important?


Input: includes the materials and methods a student uses in conjunction with the sensory channels in the process of learning; visual learning media: pictures, videos, imitation, demonstration; tactual learning media: models, real objects, physical prompting; auditory learning media: verbal communication, taped information, environmental sounds [hearing impairment]

Output: Define the term learning media and give 3 examples of different forms.


Input: book on tape, Braille book, computer, screen reader, Braille printer, print printer [hearing impairment]

Output: What are some technology accommodations?


Input: infections, drugs, chemicals, or environmental agents that can produce fetal abnormalities [hearing impairment]

Output: teratogen


Input: a rare genetic disorder resulting in deaf-blindeness, a syndrome representing a cluster of physical abnormalities at birth [hearing impairment]

Output: CHARGE association


Input: an inherited disorder resulting in deaf-blindness, deafness present at birth accompanied by progressive vision loss, sometimes associated with intellectual disabilities [hearing impairment]

Output: Usher Syndrome


Input: toxoplasmosis, other, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes [hearing impairment]

Output: TORCH


Input: at a work site for typical workers, individuals woth disabilities are employed and work alongside their typical peers but receive ongoing assistance from a job coach [hearing impairment]

Output: supported (competitive) employment


Input: the practice of spreading inferences to other unrelated aspects of a disability, often resulting in stereotyping [hearing impairment]

Output: spread


Input: stay calm and note time of onset, move furniture out of way to prevent injury, loosen shirt collar and put something soft under head, turn student on his or her side to allow saliva to drain out of mouth, call an ambulance [hearing impairment]

Output: explain the step you would take if a tonic-clonic seizure occured in your classroom


Input: [Negotiable CDs] NonNegotiable CDs

Output: the maturity date must be reached befor funds can be recieved

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Commercial Paper

Output: -unsecured short-term promissory notes issued by corporations -small risk of default -only firms with excellent credit ratings are allowed to issue

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Bankers acceptance

Output: short-term promissory note guaranteed by a bank

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Repurchase agreements (or repos)

Output: -sales of short-term securitity in which the seller pledges to buy it back at a specified price and date

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What types of investments are found in money market mutual funds? (5)

Output: -Treasury bills -commercial paper -bankers acceptances -CDs -repurchase agreements

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] US Treasury Bills

Output: -issued by Fed govt. -sold in denominations of $1,000 to $100,000 -muturity periods of 3 to 12 months -sold at a discount -subject to fed tax / no state

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Series E bonds

Output: -small denominations -discount -no interest payments

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Series EE

Output: -replaced E -variable rate of interest -allows investors to participate in rising rates -not taxable (E & EE) until cashed in -EE bond interest can be deffered by exchaging for HH

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Series HH

Output: -larger denominations -maturity 20 years -interest is taxable in year it is payable -state tax free / no FED

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Treasury Notes

Output: -denominations ranging from $1,000 to $100,000 -2 to 10 year maturities -coupon security

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Treasury Bonds

Output: -maturity periods longer than 10 years -coupon security

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] General Obligation Bonds

Output: -not as risky as REVs -backed by full taxing power of municipality

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Revenue bonds

Output: -only supported by revenue of a project

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] TIPS

Output: -coupon payments periodically adjust to changes in inflation rate -changes in inflation are represented in the principle rather than coupon -calculated by multiplying the inflation-adj principal by the real rate (which represents the fixed coupon rate net of inflaiton)

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] High Yield Corporate Bonds

Output: -Junk Bonds -usually rated below BBB

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Convertible Bonds

Output: -give the holder the right to convert a bond into shares of common stock. -investors have to pay for privellege -investors like because offers safety of debt along with potential for capital gains

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Conversion Ration (Convertible Bonds)

Output: -the number of sharesa bond may be converted into -found by taking the face value of the bond and dividing it by the conversion price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Secured bonds

Output: -claims to the assets of a corporation in the event of insolvency, liquidation or default

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Unsecured bonds

Output: -not backed by collateral

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Debetures

Output: -promissory notes not backed by collateral, but by reputation of firm -during bankruptcy debentures can only be redeemed after all other secured debt has been paid off

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Serial bonds

Output: -iuuses in which specified bonds will mature every year -interest paid off at different intervals -popular among local govt's seeking to finance capital improvements

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Bullet Maturity

Output: -entire pricipal is paid off in one payment at the maturity date

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Amortizing securities

Output: -those which may BOTH pricipal and interest payments

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Sinking funds

Output: -series of staggered payments that retire a portion of the bond issue prior to maturity

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Refunding (bonds)

Output: -when new debt is issued in order to generate proceeds for paying off old debt

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Are all bonds refundable?

Output: NO - though they may still be callable

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Promissory notes

Output: -documents that have been signed by a borrower opledging to repay a loan under certain stated terms

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Insurance based contacts may be either:

Output: 1) Gauranteed investment contracts OR 2) Annuities

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Guaranteed investment contracts

Output: -commonly known as Stable value funds -sold to pension plans by insurance companies

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When common stock is said to be NONCUMULATIVE:

Output: -then each share gives the holder one vote for each member of the board of directors

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When common stock is said to be CUMULATIVE:

Output: -then the shareholder has a number of votes that is equal to the number of position on the board multiplied by the number os shares owned

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What happens to a stock on the ex-dividend date?

Output: -price of stock will decrease by the amount of dividend per share

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Six catagories of common stock

Output: 1) Blue chip 2) Income stocks 3) Growth stocks 4) Cyclical stocks (perform in a manner consistent with market) 5) Interest-sensitive stocks 6) Defensive stocks (unaffected by changes in market

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Stock splits

Output: -Reduce the par value -do not affect the common equity part of the balance sheet -no overall change in equity after split

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Declaration date

Output: -date the board of dir passes a resolution to pay a dividend

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Ex-dividend date

Output: -set 2 business days before the date of record -if stock was purchased before the ex-dividend date then the shareholder is entitled to the dividend

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Date of record

Output: -day on which the holders are supposed to recieve the dividend

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Date of payment

Output: -day when dividends are mailed to the stockholders

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Warrants

Output: -equity call options issued by corp that give purchaser right to purchase stock at a specified price over specified period -unlike call options, exercise of warrant increases number of shares outstanding (dillutes earnings) -actual price paid for warrant is usually higher than the theoretical price -warrants tend to have more precentage change in price because of leverage effect

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Preferred stock

Output: -pays a fixed dividend that is not guaranteed -dividend expressed as % to par or $ amount --dividends paid from earnings and given preference over common stock div. -dividends are not perpetual

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Cummulative Preferred stock

Output: -dividends are not paid but accumulate

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Noncumulative preferred stock

Output: -dividends do not accumulate and are paid

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Derivatives

Output: -securities that have a value ties to the value of some underlying securities

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Options

Output: -contracts that give the owner the right to trade in an asset for a predetermined price at a later date

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Call option (definition)

Output: -holder right to buy an asset at a predetermined price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Put option (definition)

Output: - holder the right to sell the asset at a predetermined price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Option writer

Output: Person who sells an option contract

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Strike price

Output: predetermined price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Expiration date

Output: date at which the option can no longer be exercised

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Preemptive rights

Output: -rights held by current stockholders to maintain their proportion of wonership in the firm

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Rights offering

Output: -if a firm decides to issue new stock it will hold a "rights offering" -existing shareholders are allowed to buy new shares before shares are made avaliable to general public

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Futures contracts

Output: -formal agreements between a buyer, seller, and commodity exchange

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When purchasing a futures contract:

Output: -the buyer agrees to accept a specific commodity at a predetermined price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When a futures contract is sold:

Output: -the seller agrees to accept a specific commodity at a predetermined date

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The buying position (futures) is also known as:

Output: -the long position

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Future price

Output: -price in the contract for the future delivery of a commodity

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Spot price:

Output: -current price of the commodity

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] To purchase a futures account one must:

Output: 1) have a margin account 2) initial deposit 3) minimum balance

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When do all listed stock options expire?

Output: on the Saturday after the third Friday of the expiration month

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When can American and European options be exercised?

Output: 1) American - any time 2) European options - only on date of expiration

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The intrinsic value of an option is:

Output: -the minimum price for which it can be bought

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The intrinsic value of a call option is calculated as:

Output: -the stock price less strike preice

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The instrinsic value of a put option is calculated as:

Output: -strike value less the stock price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The time value of an option is the:

Output: Premium minus the intrinsic value

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Real estate properties can either be classified as: (2)

Output: 1) income properties (residential or commercial) 2) speculative properties (raw land and investment)

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] To determine value in a real estate investment analysis, a FA needs to consider: (4)

Output: 1) objectives of investor 2) features of property (geographic area, time horizon, property rights) 3) determinants of value (supply & dem) 4) local valuation of property

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Cost approach (real estate):

Output: -evaluates the value of property by considering the cost of rebuilding it -works best for evaluating newer properties

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Comparative sales approach (real estate)

Output: -evaluates a piece of property by by comparing it to other recently sold properties in the area

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Income approach (real estate)

Output: -evaluates a property at the present value of all future cash flows

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Equity REITs:

Output: -aquire ownership interests in commercial, industrial and residential properties

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Mortgage REITs:

Output: -lend the funds for construction and mortgages

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Hybrid REITs

Output: -combination of equity and mortage REITs

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Private placements:

Output: -operate by selling securities to high-level investors -may only operate for predetermined length of time -no not require SEC license

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Rule 505 of section D

Output: exempts the issuance of securities of up to $1 million in a year to an unlimited number and type of investor

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Rule 505 of Regulation D

Output: exempts issuance of up to $5 million in a year

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Rule 506 of Regulation D

Output: exempts the issuance of an unlimited amount of securities in a private placement

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Collateralized mortgage olbligations (CMOs)

Output: -derivitaves of pass-through securities held by a trust -divided into different classes (tanches) which receive different cash flow payments

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Inflation risk

Output: -purchasing power risk -when the cash flows from a security vary because of inflation

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Interest rate risk

Output: -when market interest rates go up, prices of stocks and bonds tend to go down

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Tangible assets:

Output: -things like collectibles that have a strong secondary marketplace -little or no govt regulation -risk of liquidity and fraud are high

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Systematic risk:

Output: -risks that affect the entire market -cannot be avoided through diversification -can be determined by beta when calculating risk for an entire portofolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Unsystematic risk

Output: -thoser that only affect a particular business or industry -can be avoided through diversification

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Marketability risk

Output: -the relative eash with which a security may be bought or sold

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Liquidity risk

Output: -refers to the relative ease with thich a security can be sold at a fair price without risk of loss -best measure of this is the spread between bid and ask

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Coefficient of determination is also referred to as:

Output: R-squared

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What kind of risk is R-squared?

Output: systematic risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What kind of risk is 1 minus R-squared?

Output: unsystematic

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Beta coefficient:

Output: the volatility of a given return relative to the market

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Covariance:

Output: -the degree to which any two variables move together over time -positive cov = move together -negative cov = move apart

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Correlation coefficient:

Output: measures the relationship of returns between two stocks

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A correlation coefficient of +1 indicates:

Output: -indicates that returns move in the same direction -perfectly positively correlated

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A correlation coefficient of -1 indicates:

Output: -the returns move oppisitely -perfectly negatively correlated

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Coefficient of zero means:

Output: two uncorrelated returns

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Reinvestment risk:

Output: -getting your money back and being forced to reinvest at lower rates

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Political risk:

Output: regulatory or country risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Exchange (currency) risk:

Output: -when interest and dividend payments are affected by originating countries fluctuation in currency

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Standard deviation for individual stocks and portfolios:

Output: -standard deviations for the individual stocks in a portfolio is not the same as the standard deviation of the portfolio -standard deviation of a portfolio is usually less than the average standard deviation of the stock that make up the portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Variance:

Output: -The standard measure of total risk -the measure of the dispersion of returns around the expected return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Semivariance

Output: -measure of downside risk -dispersion of returns that occur below a certain target return like zero or T-bills

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Standard deviation is the measure of:

Output: variability of returns of an asset compared with the mean or expected value of that asset -usually a bell shaped curve for standard deviation meaning that reading will tend to cluster around the expeted mean

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Annual rate of return or Annual Percentage rate (APR) is calculated by:

Output: -Multiplying a given rate by the number of compunding periods needed to annualize it

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Real (inflation-adjusted) return

Output: -earnings from an investment that are above inflation

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What are the major composite performance measures used to see whether a given stock actually beat the market?

Output: 1) Treynor index 2) Sharpe index 3) Jensen index

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Coefficient of variation

Output: is a measure of relative dispersions (unlike standard deviation which is a measure of absolute dispersion) -calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the mean

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A larger value for the coefficient mean indicates:

Output: -a greater dispersion relative to the arithmetic mean of the return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The beta coefficient is the most common measure of:

Output: -systematic risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Beta coefficient is usually used for analyzing a:

Output: -diversified portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A well diversified portfolio will only contain systematic risk and so the beta coefficient can be described as:

Output: the measure of volatility for a diversified portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A beta of 1.0 indicates:

Output: -that the stock is moving exactly with the market

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A beta of higher than 1 indicates:

Output: -that the stock is more risky than the market

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Expected rate of return is the:

Output: -anticipated growth from an investment

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The required rate of return for a risky asset can be calculated using the:

Output: -the capital asset pricing model

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Capital Asset Pricing Model(CAPM) specifies that

Output: -the return on an investment (r) depends on the return the individual earns on a risk-free asset and a risk premium (Treasury Bill is used as risk-free asset)

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Current yield

Output: -only considers the coupon component of the bond -DOES NOT INCLUDE: reinvestment income, price appreciation, or price depreciation

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Internal rate of return is:

Output: the discounted cash flows that allows the present value of the cash outflows to equal the initial cash outflows, such that the net present value equals zero

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Yield to maturity

Output: the internal rate of retun of a bond if the bond is held until maturity

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Yield to call

Output: used to determine the IRR earned by a bond until it is called or retired by firm

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] duration of a bond is:

Output: the avg amount of time that it takes to capture interest and principle repayments

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] realized compound rate is also known as:

Output: -the time value of money

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] TMV or realized compound rate is:

Output: -the actual return based on the present value of future cash flows

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Name the 5 systematic forms of risk (5):

Output: 1) Purchasing power risk 2) Reinvestment Rate risk 3) Interest Rate risk 4) Market risk -remember that systematic risk is not diversifiable 5) Exchange Rate risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Name the 5 unsystematic forms of risk (5):

Output: 1) Business risk 2) Country risk 3) Default risk 4) Financial risk 5) Government (Regulation) risk -remember that unsystematic risk is diversifiable

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Capitalization treats both earnings and dividends as:

Output: perpetuities

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Preffered stock is an instrument of:

Output: perpetual debt

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Difference between duration and convexity in bond pricing:

Output: -Duration is used to calculate the first percentage change in price -Convexity is used to calculate the second and is added to duration

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Actual price change (in bonds) will be greater than estimated price change when:

Output: yeilds decrease

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Actual price (in bonds) will be less than estimates price change when:

Output: yields increase

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The greater the change in yields:

Output: -the less exact will be the measure of duration

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What is difference between P/E ratio and dividend discount model?

Output: -P/E ratio can be applied to stocks that are not paying cash dividends -P/E ratio cannot tell an investor whether a stock is overvalued in relation to its market price (have to look at historical PE's to figure this out)

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When valuing stock with no dividend growth:

Output: -one can use the same equation as when valuing preferred stock

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When valuing stock with a one-year holding period:

Output: -one can calculate it as the present value of any dividend received during the year, plus the present value of the price of the stock at the end of the year

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Dividend growth model:

Output: -model used for considering stocks with a constand dividend growth -suggests that dividends will increase at a fixed rate on an annual basis in the future

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] According to the Dividend Discount Model the intrinsic value of a stock is:

Output: -the present value of the stock's expected future dividends, discounted at the stock's required rate of return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Efficient markets tend to value stocks at their:

Output: intrinsic value

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] WHen a stock trades above its intrinsic value it should:

Output: -be sold

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Book value:

Output: -the equity of a stockholder divided by his outstanding shares

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Value investors look for stocks trading below their:

Output: book value

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Price/Book value:

Output: the firm's stock price divided by its per-share book value

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A low price/book vaue indicates:

Output: -that a stock is undervalued

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Price to cash flow ratio:

Output: -defined as the market value divided by the per-share cash flow

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Price/sales ratio:

Output: -the firms stock price divided by its per share sales

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Price/Earnings/Growth Ratio (PEG):

Output: -found by dividing the PE ratio by the estimated earnings growth rate -when dividends are significant, the dividend yield should be added to the growth rate

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Capital market theory builds on the work done by

Output: Markowitz portfolio theory

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Capital Markets Theory / Markowitz Theory assumes that investors are:

Output: -efficient and have the same expectations and freedom in the market

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] In graphical form the combination of a risk-free asset and a risky asset will produce a:

Output: -linear risk/return line

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] A linear efficient fronteir line is called a:

Output: -capital market line -any two assets that fall on this line will be perfectly correlated

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Any securities that are below the capital market line are considered:

Output: -inefficient and will not be bought

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The proper relationship between risk and return is

Output: -systematic risk and return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Beta is the proper measure of

Output: -systematic risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Portfolio theory strives to understand the relationship between:

Output: -portfolio risk and correlation

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Markowitz portfolio assumes that a portfolio is efficient if:

Output: -no other portfolio offers a higher expected return with the same of lower risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The standard deviation of a portfolio will be less thatn the:

Output: -weighted average standard deviation of the individual stocks in the portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Modern portfolio theory has taught us that the correlation coefficient:

Output: drives the theory of portfolio diversification

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Markowitz efficient frontier is:

Output: -the set of portfolios that will give the investor the highest return at each level of risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] In the Jensen ratio:

Output: -alpha is used as an absolute measure of performance -specifically compares the performance of a managed portfolio with unmanaged -measures how much the realized return differs from the required return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] An investment policy statement does 4 things in order to create a structure for making sound investment statements

Output: 1) establishes risk/return objectives 2) determines constraints 3) establishes set agreed upon goals and other criteria for measuring performance 4) reduces professional liability

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Sharpe ratio is the measure of:

Output: -the risk-adjusted performance of a portfolio based on total risk

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The measure for total risk is the:

Output: -standard deviation

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Treynor ratio is:

Output: -the relative measure of the risk-adjusted performance of a portfolio based on market risk -more appropriate for using on diversified portfolios

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Dollar-weighted rate of return

Output: applies the concept of internal rate of return to investment portfolios, taking into account all of the cash inflows and outflows

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Tim-weighted rate of return

Output: -doesn't weigh all of the dollar flows in each time period -computes the return for each period and averages results and holding periods

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What is the most common measure of performance in the investment mgmt profession?

Output: Time-weighted rate of return

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] In the investment strategy known as market timing (active mgmt), investors:

Output: -adjust their portfolios based on changes they predict in the market -strategy conflicts with efficient market hypothesis -used by investors who think market is inefficient

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Passive investing

Output: -investors seek to protect their portfolios from market change -keep transaction costs down

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Fundamental analysis

Output: -investments are based on evaluation of financial strength

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Bond barbells

Output: -portfolios consisting of long-term and short-term bonds -if investor can correctly predict rate change, barbells can offset fluctuating int rates

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Substitution swap

Output: -bonds with virtually identical characteritics but different yields are swaped

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] When the difference in yields between bonds is huge, it is called an:

Output: intermarket spread swap

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Pure-yeild pickup swap

Output: -when a low-yield bond is sold and a high-yield bond purchased -usually longer maturity

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Rate anticipation swap

Output: -swap designed to handle an expected interest rate change

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] BOND SWAPS When an investor seeks to lock into a loss he or she may execute:

Output: a tax swap

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Difference between passive investing and buy and hold:

Output: Passive - will rebalance to keep with allocation strategy Buy & Hold - does not not include regular rebalancing

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What is portfolio immunization?

Output: -investor seeks to balance his portfolio to avoid suffering from any changes in int rates -can be done buy purchasing zero's with maturities cooresponding to time horizon

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Contrarians:

Output: -do the opposite of general investor (as general investor is wrong most of the time)

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] WHen investors use technical analysis they assume that prices are determined by:

Output: -supply and demand which is driven by rational and irrational behavior

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] The major challenge to technical analysis is:

Output: efficient fronteir hypothesis

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Technicians believe that new information affects price:

Output: SLOWLY

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Fundamentalists believe that new information affects price:

Output: QUICKLY

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Strategic asset allocation

Output: when an investor selects a suitable mix of assets based on their own portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What type of trader studies the Confidence Index?

Output: Smart money trader

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] (Barron's) Confidence Index:

Output: ratio of Barron's average yield on 10 top-grade corporate bonds to the yield on the Dow-Jones average of 40 bonds -measures difference between high quality bonds and a large cross-section of bonds

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Dow Theory

Output: -tries to identify trends in markets

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] breadth of the market

Output: theory that predicts the strength of the market according to the number of stocks that advance or decline in a particular trading day.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] short interest ratio

Output: A sentiment indicator that is derived by dividing the short interest by the average daily volume for a stock.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Resistance levels

Output: The price at which a stock or market can trade, but which it cannot exceed, for a certain period of time.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Support levels

Output: The price level which, historically, a stock has had difficulty falling below. It is thought of as the level at which a lot of buyers tend to enter the stock.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Relative strength ratio

Output: -A measure of price trend that indicates how a stock is performing relative to other stocks in its industry. -It is calculated dividing the price performance of a stock by the price performance of an appropriate index for the same time period.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Efficient Market Theory (Hypothesis)/(EMH)

Output: An investment theory that states that it is impossible to "beat the market" because stock market efficiency causes existing share prices to always incorporate and reflect all relevant information

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Strong-form of EMH

Output: -The strongest version of market efficiency. It states all information in a market, whether public or private, is accounted for in a stock price. Not even insider information could give an investor the advantage -This degree of market efficiency implies that profits exceeding normal returns cannot be made, regardless of the amount of research or information investors have access to.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Semi-strong form of EMH

Output: -implies all public information is calculated into a stock's current share price. Meaning that neither fundamental nor technical analysis can be used to achieve superior gains. -suggests that only information that is not publicly available can benefit investors seeking to earn abnormal returns on investments

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Weak form of EMH

Output: -claims all past prices of a stock are reflected in today's stock price. Therefore, technical analysis cannot be used to predict and beat a market. -fundamental analysis can be used to identify stocks that are undervalued and overvalued.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Tactical asset allocation

Output: uses security selection as the main determinant in developing a portfolio

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Passive portfolio management strategy begins by:

Output: -establishing specific percentages for each asset class -regular rebalancing

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Random walk theory

Output: -idea that stocks take a random and unpredictable path -supports weak form EMH

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Capital asset pricing model calculates:

Output: -what return you deserve for putting your money at risk.

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] CAPM is often used to identify:

Output: -overvalued and undervalued assets

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] CAPM If expected return is greater than required return:

Output: -the asset is undervalued

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] CAPM if a stocks expected return falls below the security market line, the stock is:

Output: - overvalued

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Strong form academic tests indicate that:

Output: -Stock exchange analysts have an access to information that is essentially monopolistic

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Option pricing model goal is to:

Output: -determine the value of a call option -model assumes European option style

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Option pricing model 4 variables: (4)

Output: 1) time to maturity 2) interest rates 3) price of stock 4) volatility

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Put-call parity

Output: -determines value of a put option -indicates that there is a close relationship between the prices of puts and calls and the value of a stock

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Multifactor asset pricing model is also known as:

Output: -arbitrage pricing theory

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Initial margin requirement:

Output: -Set by the Federal Reserve at 50%

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Maintinance margin requirement:

Output: -Set by brokerage houses as a minimum equity position an investor must have for a margin position

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Investors will seet to buy calls when they anticipate:

Output: -that the underlying stock or index will rise

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Investors will seek to buy puts when they anticipate:

Output: -that the underlying stock or index will fall

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What is the potentail gain / loss for naked call writing?

Output: -Max gain is the premium recieved -Max loss is unlimited

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What is the potential gain / loss for naked put writing?

Output: -Max gain is the premium recieved -Max loss is the cost of buying the stock at strike price

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What are the 3 technical points that bear on short selling? (3)

Output: 1) short sells can only be made on an uptick or zero uptick 2) have to pay all dividends owed to lender of security 3) short sellers must deposit margin money to cover repurchase

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What tax form are stock dividends reported on?

Output: 1099-DIV

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What tax form is interest recieved reported on?

Output: 1099-INT

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] What tax form are capital gains reported on?

Output: 1099-B

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] An exercise of a warrant is considered taxable OR non-taxable?

Output: Non-Taxable

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: [Negotiable CDs] Conversion of convertible bonds to common stock is considered taxable OR non-taxable event?

Output: Non-taxable

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those that can be sold by the depositor in the open market at any time before maturity


Input: Local infiltration injection is deposited near [Local infiltration]

Output: apices or terminal nerve endings

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Type of injection that anesthetizes a larger area than the local infiltration [Local infiltration]

Output: Nerve block

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the nerve block injection is deposited near [Local infiltration]

Output: large nerve trunks

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Abnormal sensation from an area such as burning or prikcling [Local infiltration]

Output: Parasthesia

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Management of pain requires thorough knowledge of anatomy of [Local infiltration]

Output: - skull - Trigeminal Nerve - and related tissue

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the skull bones involved in the local anesthetic administration are the [Local infiltration]

Output: - maxilla - palatine bone - mandible

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: avoid infection contamination by not injecting into [Local infiltration]

Output: - abscess - cellulitis - osteomyelitis

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: True or False: The nerve block has more degrees of success than that of local infiltration [Local infiltration]

Output: True

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the reason for local anesthesia being more successful on the maxilla over the mandible is due to [Local infiltration]

Output: -the bone over the facial surface of the maxillary teeth is less dense than that of the mandible over similar teeth - and less variation also exists in the anatomy of the maxillary and palatine bones and associated nerves with respect to local anesthetic landmarks as compared with similar mandibular structures

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Maxilla or Mandible Less bone density, less anatomical variation [Local infiltration]

Output: Maxilla

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Maxilla or Mandible greater density, greater anatomical variation [Local infiltration]

Output: Mandible

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Maxillary anesthesia is more/less consistent than mandibular anesthesia [Local infiltration]

Output: more

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: pulpal anesthesia is achieved through anesthesia of [Local infiltration]

Output: each tooth's dental branches as they extend into the pulp tissue by way of apical foramen

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the hard and soft tissues of the periodontium are anesthetized by way of [Local infiltration]

Output: interdental and interradicular branches for each tooth

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of the maxillary molar teeth and associated buccal tissues in one quadrant is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Posterior Superior Alveolar Block (PSA)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of the maxillary premolars and associated buccal tissues in one quadrant is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Middle Superior Alveolar Block (MSA)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of the maxillary canine and incisors and their associated facial tissues in one quadrant is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Anterior Superior Alveolar Block (ASA)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthsia of the maxillary anterior and premolar teeth and associated facial tissues in one quadrant is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Infraorbital block (IO)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: _____________ usually involves anesthesia of the soft and hard tissues of the periodontium of the palatal area such as the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone [Local infiltration]

Output: Palatal Anesthesia

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: True or False Palatal Anesthesia usually does not provide any pulpal anesthesia to the maxillary teeth or associated facial or buccal tissues [Local infiltration]

Output: True

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of the palatal tissues distal to the maxillary canine in one quadrant is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Greater Palatine Block (GP)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of the palatal tissues between the right and left maxillary canines is the [Local infiltration]

Output: Nasopalatine block (NP)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the local anesthetic block that is recommended for anesthesia of most of the maxillary teeth and their associated tissues in one quadrant, except for those innervated by the Posterior superior Alveolar nerve [Local infiltration]

Output: Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Block (AMSA)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The posterior superior alveolar block (PSA) is used to provide anesthesia in [Local infiltration]

Output: - maxillary third, second, & first molar with the exception of the Mesial Buccal root of the maxillary first molar - buccal periodontium overlying maxillary third, second and first molars including the associated gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the Posterior Superior Alveolar block (PSA) is indicated when procedure involves [Local infiltration]

Output: 2 or more maxillary molars

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: In some instances, the _______ root of first molar is innervated by the _____ nerve rather than the PSA nerve and therefore the PSA block would require an additional injection to anesthetize. [Local infiltration]

Output: - Mesial buccal - MSA

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: True or False the PSA block also provides anethesia to the lingual tissues of the first, second and third molars [Local infiltration]

Output: FALSE - if anesthesia of the lingual tissues is desired, the greater palatine block also may be necessary

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The target area for the PSA block is the [Local infiltration]

Output: PSA nerve as it enters the maxilla through the posterior superior alveolar foramina on the maxilla's infratemporal surface

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The injection site for the PSA block is [Local infiltration]

Output: into the tissues at the height of the mucobuccal fold at the apex of the maxillary second molar, distal to the zygomatic process of the maxilla

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: When administering the PSA block a complication may arise if the needle is overinserted and may penetrate the ____________ possibly causing a hematoma in the infratemporal fossa [Local infiltration]

Output: pterygoid plexus

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: If the needle of the PSA block is nonsterile, a possible complication could be spread of infection into the [Local infiltration]

Output: cavernous sinus

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Inadvertent and harmless anesthesia of the _________ may occur with a PSA block due to the close proximity of structures [Local infiltration]

Output: - lingual nerve (branch of V3)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Middle Superior Avleolar Block is indicated when the procedure invloves [Local infiltration]

Output: - maxillary premolars and the Mesial Buccal root of the maxillary 1st molar (if innervated by MSA nerve) - and assoiciated buccal periodontal tissues including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The symptoms of the PSA block includes [Local infiltration]

Output: - teeth feel dull during procedure - lack of pain / discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The symptoms of the Middle Superior Alveolar Block include [Local infiltration]

Output: - Tingling / numbness of upper lip - lack of pain/discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Complications from the Middle Superior Alveolar Block include [Local infiltration]

Output: - overinsertion with hematoma (rare)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Target are for the MSA block is [Local infiltration]

Output: the MSA nerve at the apex of the maxillary second premolar

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The injections site of the MSA is [Local infiltration]

Output: tissues at the height of the mucobuccal fold at the apex of the maxillary second premolar

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The _____ block and the _____ block are commonly used in conjuction with each other instead of using the infraorbital block [Local infiltration]

Output: - MSA - ASA

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (ASA) is indicated when the procedure involves [Local infiltration]

Output: maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block anesthisizes the [Local infiltration]

Output: - pulp tissue of the maxillary canine and incisor teeth as well as the associated facial periodontal tissues including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone - if lingual tissue of these teeth needs to be anesthitized then a Nasopalatine block may be necessary

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What anesthetic block would be given in order to anesthetize the lingual tissues of the anterior teeth [Local infiltration]

Output: Nasopalatine Block

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The target area for the Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (ASA) is the [Local infiltration]

Output: ASA nerve at the apex of the maxillary canine

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The site of injection for the Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (ASA) is the [Local infiltration]

Output: tissues at the height of the mucobuccal fold at the apex of the maxillary canine, just anterior to and parrallel with the canine eminence

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms of Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (ASA) include [Local infiltration]

Output: - tingling / numbness of upper lip - Lack of pain / discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Complications of Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block (ASA) include [Local infiltration]

Output: Overinsertion with complications (hematoma) rare

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: True or False many times the ASA nerve crosses over the midline to the opposite side in a patient and should be considered when giving anesthesia in this area [Local infiltration]

Output: True

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Infraorbital block (IO) is indicated when procedure involves [Local infiltration]

Output: 2 or more maxillary premolars or anterior teeth

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The infraorbital block (IO) is a useful nerve block becuase it anesthetizes both the _____ & ______ nerves [Local infiltration]

Output: - MSA - ASA

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Infrarobital block (IO) is used for anesthesia of the [Local infiltration]

Output: - maxillary premolars, maxillary canine, and maxillary incisors - overlying facial periodontium including the gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms of the Infraorbital Block (IO) include [Local infiltration]

Output: - tingling / numbness of eyelid, side of nose, upper lip (due to IO branches) - Lack of pain / discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Complications of the Infraorbital (IO) block include [Local infiltration]

Output: - overinsertion with complications (Hematoma) rare

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The target are for the Infraorbital block (IO) is the [Local infiltration]

Output: - ASA and MSA nerves as they ascend to join the IO nerve after it enters the infraorbital foramen - Branches of the IO nerve to the lower eyelids, side of nose, and upper lip are also inadvertently anesthitized

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The injection site for the Infraorbital Block (IO) is the [Local infiltration]

Output: tissues at the height of the mucobuccal fold at the apex of the maxillary first premolar

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Greater Palatine (GP) block is indicated when procedure involves [Local infiltration]

Output: 2 or mor maxillary posterior teeth or palatal soft tissue distal to maxillary canine

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Greater Palatine (GP) block is used for anesthesia of [Local infiltration]

Output: the posterior portion of the hard palate, anteriorly as far as the maxillary first premolar and medially to the midline

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Because the Greater palatine (GP) block does not provide pulpal anesthesia of the area teeth the use of the ____, _____, and _____ blocks or the _____ block may also be indicated [Local infiltration]

Output: - ASA - PSA - MSA - IO

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Soft tissue anethesia in the palatal area of the maxillary first premolar may prove inadequate because of overlappping nerve fibers from the nasopalatine nerve, so this lack of anesthesia may be corrected by additional administration of the [Local infiltration]

Output: Nasopaltine Block (NP)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Because the overlying palatal tissues are dense and adhere firmly to the underlying palatal bone, what is used to help reduce patient discomfort [Local infiltration]

Output: pressure anesthesia posterior to the injection site before and during the injection to blanch the tissues

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What does pressure anesthesia of the tissues do [Local infiltration]

Output: produces a dull ache that blocks pain impulses that aries from needle penetration

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: In addition to pressure anesthesia, what will also help reduce patient discomfort [Local infiltration]

Output: slow deposition of the local anesthetic agent

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The target site for the Greater Palatine (GP) block is [Local infiltration]

Output: anterior to where the GP nerve enters the greater palatine foramen from its location between the mucoperiosteum and bone of the hard palate

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The site of injection of the Greater Palatine (GP) block is [Local infiltration]

Output: in the palatal tissues anterior to the depression created by the greater palatine foramen

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms of the Greater Palatine (GP) block include [Local infiltration]

Output: - Numbness in posterior portion of palate - patient may indicate gagging / discomfort during injection or after if the soft palate inadvertently gets anesthitized due to close proximity - lack of pain / discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Complications of Greater Palatine (GP) block includes [Local infiltration]

Output: Hematoma (rare)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Nasopalatine (NP) block is indicated when procedure involves [Local infiltration]

Output: palatal soft tissue of 2 or more maxillary anterior teeth

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Nasopalatine (NP) block is used for anesthesia of [Local infiltration]

Output: - bilateral anterior portion of hard palate (Mesial of right PM1 to Mesial of left PM1) - no pulpal anesthesia

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Nasopalatine (NP) block does not provide pulpal anesthesia of teeth, so additional anesthesia such as ______ & _______ or _______ may be indicated [Local infiltration]

Output: - MSA block - ASA block - IO block

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Because the dense overlying palatal tissues adhere firmly to the underlying maxillary bone, the use of _______ on the _________ side of the injection site of the incisive papilla before and during the injection to blanch the tissues will reduce patient discomfort [Local infiltration]

Output: - pressure anesthesia - contralateral

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The target area for the Nasopalatine (NP) block is [Local infiltration]

Output: both the right and left NP nerves as they enter the incisive foramen from the mucosa of the anterior hard palate beneath the incisive papilla

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The injection site of the Nasopalatine (NP) block is [Local infiltration]

Output: the palatal tissues lateral to the incisive papilla which is located at the midline about 10 mm lingual to the maxillary central incisor teeth

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms of the Nasopalatine (NP) block include [Local infiltration]

Output: - Numbness in anterior portion of palate - lack of pain / discomfort during dental procedure

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Complications of the Nasapalatine (NP) block include [Local infiltration]

Output: Hematoma (rare)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar (AMSA) Block is indicated when procedure invloves [Local infiltration]

Output: palatal soft tissue of 2 or more maxillary anterior teeth

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar (AMSA) block is use for anesthesia for [Local infiltration]

Output: soft tissue and pulpal anesthesia of the large area covered by the ASA, MSA, GP, and NP blocks in the maxillary arch

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: True or False The single-site palatal injection of the AMSA can anesthetize multiple teeth, without causing usual collateral anesthesia to the soft tissues of the patients lips and face [Local infiltration]

Output: True

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: _________ is commonly used in aesthetic / cosmetic dentistry because after the procedures are completed the clinician can immediately and accurately assess the patient's smile line [Local infiltration]

Output: Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Block (AMSA)

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The AMSA block together with the ______ block will anesthetize a maxillary quadrant for other dental procedures [Local infiltration]

Output: PSA

Anatomy of Local Anesthesia Flashcards - Cram.com