Input: [Marketing] collectivist cultures

Output: all of society's members are integrated into cohesive in-groups

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] masculinity

Output: describes a society in which men are expected to be assertive, competitive, and concerned with material success, and women fulfill the role of nurturer and are concerned with issues such as the welfare of children

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] femininity

Output: describes a society in which the social roles of men and women overlap, with neither gender exhibiting overly ambitious or competitive behavior

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] uncertainty avoidance

Output: -the extent to which the members of a society are uncomfortable with unclear, ambiguous, or unstructured situations -uncertainty avoidance cultures: aggressive, emotional, intolerant, belief of absolute truth -uncertainty acceptance cultures: more tolerant of persons whose opinion differ from their own

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] long-term orientation (LTO) v. short-term orientation

Output: -Assesses the sense of immediacy within a culture, whether gratification should be immediate or deferred -society's search for virtue LTO values... -persistence:general tenacity in the pursuit of a goal -ordering relationships:status reflect the presence of societal hierarchies - observing this order: acceptance of complementary relations - thrift: manifests itself in high savings rates - sense of shame: sensitivity in social contacts PROTS To lead to economic growth: -the existence of a market -supportive political context

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] self-reference criterion (SRC)

Output: -the unconscious reference to one's own cultural values To avoid this: 1. Define the problem/goal in terms of home-country culture 2. " in terms of host-country culture 3. Isolate SRC influence and examine to see how it complicates 4. Redefine the problem w/o SRC influence and solve for the host-country market situation

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] diffusion of innovation

Output: -framework developed by Rogers to explain the way that new products are adopted by a culture over time -includes the five stage innovation adoption process, characteristics of innovations, and innovation adopter categories

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] adoption process

Output: -the mental stages through which an individual passes from the time of his or her own first knowledge of an innovation to the time of product adoption or purchase Stages of adoption process: - awareness - interest - evaluation - trial - adoption AIETA

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] characteristics of innovations

Output: the factors that affect the rate at which innovations are adopted: -relative advantage: how a new product compares with existing products or methods in the eyes of customers -compatibility: the extent to which a product is consistent with existing values and past experiences of adopters -complexity: the degree to which an innovation or new product is difficult to understand and use -divisibilty: the ability of a product to be tried and used on a limited basis without great expense -communicability: the degree to which benefits of an innovation or the value of a product may be communicate RaCCDC

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] adopter categories

Output: classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] interaction effect

Output: the process through which individuals who have adopted an innovation influence others

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Hofstede's Cultural Typology

Output: -Power distance -Individualism/collectivism -Masculinity -Uncertainty avoidance -Long-term orientation

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] environmental sensitivity

Output: the extent to which products must be adapted to the culture-specific needs of different national markets

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Rogers' classic study on the ____ _ _____ helps explain how products are adopted over time by different ____ _____.

Output: diffusion of innovations, adopter categories

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] The ___ ____ that consumers go through can be divided into a multi-stage hierarchy of effects.

Output: adoption process

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] information technology (IT)

Output: an organization's processes for creating, storing, exchanging, using, and managing information CSEUM

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] management information system (MIS)

Output: provides managers and other decision makers with a continuous flow of information about company operations

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] intranet

Output: a private network that allows authorized company personnel or outsiders to share information electronically in a secure fashion without generating mountains of paper

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Intranets allow a company's information system to serve as a 24-hour nerve center, enabling companies to operate as ___ ___ ______(RTEs).

Output: real time enterprises

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] electronic data interchange (EDI)

Output: a system that allows a company's business units to SUBMIT ORDERS, ISSUE INVOICES, AND CONDUCT BUSINESS ELECTRONICALLY with other company units as well as outside companies OIE

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] efficient customer response (ECR)

Output: a joint initiative by members of a supply chain to work toward improving and optimizing aspects of the supply chain to benefit customers

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] electronic point of sale (EPOS)

Output: data gathered by checkout scanners to help retailers identify product sales patterns and how customer preferences vary with geography

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] customer relationship management (CRM)

Output: a philosophy that values two-way communication between company and customer

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] sales force automation (SFA)

Output: refers to a software system that automates routine aspects of sales and marketing functions such as lead assignment, follow-up, and opportunity reporting

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] data warehouses

Output: a database, part of a company's MIS, that is used to support management decision making

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Sources of Market Information

Output: -personal sources -direct sensory perception

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Market research

Output: -the project-specific, systematic gathering of data -the activity that links the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] global market research

Output: -MR on a global scale; challenge is to recognize and respond to the important national differences that influence the way information can be obtained (includes cultural, linguistic, economic, political, religious, historical, and market differences)

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Process of collecting data and converting it into useful information in 8 basic steps:

Output: 1. Information Requirement 2. Problem definition 3. Choose Unit of Analysis 4. Examine Data Availability 5. Assess Value of Research 6. Research Design 7. Data Analysis 8. Interpretation and Presentation IR, PD, UoA, DAv, VoR, RD, DA, IP

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] secondary data

Output: -data available in company files, the library, industry or trade journals, or online databases -not gathered for the specific project at hand

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] primary data

Output: gathered through original research pertaining to the particular problem identified in step 1

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] triangulation

Output: pinpointing the location of a third object given the known location of two objects

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] latent market

Output: an undiscovered segment; a market in which demand would materialize if an appropriate product were made available

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] incipient market

Output: a market that will emerge if a particular economic, demographic, political, or sociocultural trend continues

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] survey research

Output: utilizes questionnaires designed to elicit quantitative data, qualitative responses, or both

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] personal interviews

Output: allow research to ask "why?" and then explore answers with the respondent on a face-to-face basis

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] consumer panel

Output: a sample of respondents whose behavior is tracked over time

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] peoplemeter

Output: an electronic device that collects national audience data

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] observation

Output: one or more trained observers (or mechanical device) watch and record the behavior of actual or prospective buyers problems: -sensitivity to private issues -reactivity: the tendency of research subjects to behave differently for the simple reason that they know they are under study

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] focus group

Output: a trained moderator facilitates discussion of a product concept, a brand's image and personality, advertisement, social trend, or other topic with a group comprised of 6-10 people

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] projective technique

Output: Researcher presents open-ended or ambiguous stimuli to a subject. When verbalizing a response, the subject will "project" their unconscious attitudes and biases.

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Nominal scale

Output: measurement used to identify a survey element

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Scalar equivalence

Output: two respondents in different countries with the same value for a given variable receive equivalent scores on the same survey item

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] convenience sample

Output: a form of nonprobability sample, researchers select people who are easy to reach

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] quota sample

Output: researcher divides the population under study into categories; a sample is then taken from each category and to make sure that enough people are chosen in each category to reflect the overall makeup of the population

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] interdependence techniques

Output: interaction between variables -factor analysis -cluster analysis -multidimensional scaling (MDS)

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] factor analysis

Output: -can be used to transform large amounts of data into manageable units -specialized computer programs perform data reduction by "distilling out" a few meaningful factors that underlie attitudes and perceptions from a multitude of survey responses

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] cluster analysis

Output: grouping variables into clusters that maximize within-group similarities and between-group differences

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] multidimensional scaling (MDS)

Output: respondent is given the task of comparing products or brands, one pair at a time, and judging them in terms of similarity

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] conjoint analysis

Output: -helps to gain insight into the combination of features that will be most attractive to consumers -assumed that features affect both perception and preferences

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] emic analysis

Output: similar to ethnography in that it attempts to study a culture from within, using its own system of meanings and values

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] etic analysis

Output: "from the outside"; more detached perspective that is often used in comparative or multi-country studies

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] _ _ _, _ _ _ _, e___ c___ r____, _ _ _, and ___ ______, are some new tools and techniques available to access and manipulate data to assist in decision making

Output: EDI, EPOS, efficient consumer response, CRM, and data warehouses

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] The research process begins when marketers define a problem and set research objectives, including assessing whether a particular market should be classified as l____ or i____.

Output: latent, incipient

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Research can be conducted via s___ r____, p____ i___, c___ p___, o____, and f___ g___.

Output: survey research, personal interviews, consumer panels, observation, and focus groups

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] International is the performance of business activities designed to p___, p___, p_____, and d____ the flow of a company’s goods and services to consumers or users in more than one nation for a profit.

Output: plan, price, promote, and direct

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] The key to successful international marketing is a_____ to the e______ d_____ from one market to another

Output: adaptation, environmental differences

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] SRC

Output: an unconscious reference to one’s own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for decisions.

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Ethnocentrism

Output: the notion that one’s own culture or company knows best how to do things

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Stages of International Marketing Involvement

Output: •No direct foreign marketing •Infrequent foreign marketing •Regular foreign marketing •International marketing •Global marketing

International Marketing Flashcards - Cram.com

an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Monochronic time

Output: –Tend to concentrate on one thing at a time –Divide time into small units and are concerned with promptness –Most low-context cultures operate on M-Time

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an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: [Marketing] Polychronic time

Output: –Dominant in high-context cultures –Characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of many things –Allows for relationships to build and context to be absorbed as parts of high-context cultures.

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an organizational function and a set of of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its shareholders


Input: Successors of the apostles who have received the fullness of the priesthood. Bishops are the spiritual leaders of Christians in their dioceses (geographical areas). They alone can ordain men to the priesthood and to the office of bishop. United with the Pope, they are the official teachers of the faith in the world. [apostolic succession]

Output: bishops

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A man who is specially ordained and shares in the sacrament of orders. He serves the Church by his sacred ministry, for example, at Mass, by preaching, as ordinary minister of Baptism and Communion, as official witness of the Church at weddings, as well as by performing works of mercy for the needy. Deacons may be transitional (studying to become priests) or permanent (who are called to the vocation of deacon for life). [apostolic succession]

Output: deacon

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The order of authority in the Church. The bishops united under the Pope as the true successors of Saint Peter and the apostles form the hierarchy in the Church. It is their duty to teach the faith, govern Christians in their dioceses, and administer the sacraments. [apostolic succession]

Output: hierarchy

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The priesthood which is given to a Catholic man through the sacrament of Holy Orders. While all Christians share in the priesthood of Christ, ordained priests, like Jesus, offer the Sacrifice of the Mass and forgive sins. Priests are often assigned to a parish where they are in charge of our spiritual well-being. [apostolic succession]

Output: ordained priesthood

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Someone who is chosen to pray and offer sacrifice to God on behalf of others. Many religions have or had priests. The sacramental priesthood was given to us by Christ, who passed it on to his apostles. [apostolic succession]

Output: priest

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The truth that all Christians share in the priesthood of Jesus through their Baptism. Thus we are chosen by God to pray and offer personal sacrifices to God on behalf of all mankind. We exercise our priesthood best by attending Holy Mass. [apostolic succession]

Output: priesthood of the faithful

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The bishop lays hands upon the one to be ordained priest. After the imposition of hands, the bishop prays. "We ask you, all-powerful Father, give these servants of yours the dignity of the presbyterate. Renew the Spirit of holiness within them. By your divine gift may they attain the second degree of holy orders and exemplify right conduct in their lives." The message is one of spiritual power and holiness in service to the Church. [apostolic succession]

Output: sign of Holy Orders

7th Grade CCD chap28 vocab&definitions Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Streptococcus pyogenes • Gram-positive • Coccus in chains • β hemolytic – Complete hemolysis of red blood cells • Commonly referred to as group A streptococcus – Due to group A carbohydrate in cell wall – Basis for identification from other organisms

Output: Streptococcal Pharyngitis Causative Agent

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Causes a wide variety of illnesses • Due to bacteria-producing enzymes and toxin that destroy cells – Complications of infection can occur during acute illness – Examples include scarlet fever and quinsy (peritonsilar abscess) – Certain complications can develop late • Acute glomerulonephritis • Acute rheumatic fever

Output: Streptococcal Pharyngitis Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Spread readily by respiratory droplets • Especially in range of 2 to 5 feet – Nasal organism spreads more effectively than pharyngeal carriers • Anal carriers not common – Dangerous source of nosocomial infections – Peak incidence occurs in winter or spring • Highest in grade school children

Output: Streptococcal Pharyngitis Epidemiology

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – No vaccine available • New possibilities on horizon – Adequate ventilation – Avoid crowds – Sore throats in presence of fever should be cultured (tested) for prompt treatment

Output: Streptococcal Pharyngitis Prevention

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Confirmed strep throat treated with 10 days of antibiotics • Penicillin or erythromycin are drugs of choice – Eliminates organisms in 90% of cases

Output: Streptococcal Pharyngitis Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: -Usually begins with mild sore throat and slight fever, fatigue and malaise and dramatic neck swelling – Whitish membrane forms on tonsils, or in nasal cavity – Most strains release diphtheria toxin – Toxin is produced in low iron environments

Output: Diptheria Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Corynebacterium diphtheria – Variably shaped – Gram-positive – Non-spore forming – Certain strains produce diphtheria toxin (phage dependent)

Output: Diphtheria Causative Agent

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Little invasive ability • Exotoxin released into bloodstream – Results in damage to heart, nerves and kidneys – Diphtheria toxin • Released from bacteria in inactive form • Cleaved into A and B chains – B attaches to host cell membrane and enters through endocytosis – A chain becomes active enzyme that inhibits proteins synthesis – Small amount of enzyme inactivates large population of cells which explains potency

Output: Diphtheria Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Humans are primary reservoir – Spread by air • Acquired through inhalation – Sources of infection include • Carriers who recovered from infection • Asymptomatic cases • People with active disease • Contaminated fomites – Bacterium can be carried in chronic skin ulcer • Cutaneous diphtheria

Output: Diphtheria Epidemiology

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Disease results primarily from toxin absorption • Not microbial invasion – Prevention directed at immunization • DPT - Neutralize toxin – Immunity wanes after childhood • Booster immunization should be given every 10 years

Output: Diphtheria Prevention

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Effectiveness depends on early antiserum treatment • Delay in treatment may be fatal – Antibiotics are given to eliminate bacteria • Penicillin and erythromycin • Stops transmission of disease – No effect on absorbed toxin – Even in presence of treatment 1 in 10 patients die

Output: Diphtheria Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Increased tears and redness • Swelling eyelids • Sensitivity to bright light • Large amounts of pus

Output: Pinkeye Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Pain and pressure – Generally localized to involved sinus • Tenderness over sinus • Headache • Severe malaise

Output: Sinusitis Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • More common in young children • Extreme ear pain • Mild fever – Fever may even be absent • Vomiting – Often at the height of ear pain • In many cases ear drum ruptures – Trapped fluid drains to external ear canal – Pain ends abruptly

Output: Earache (Otitis media) Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Haemophilus influenza • Gram-negative bacillus – Streptococcus pneumoniae • Gram-positive diplococci • A.k.a pneumococcus – Both are most common cause of all three conditions

Output: Pinkeye, Earache and Sinus Infections Causative Agent

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Mycoplasma pneumoniae • Streptococcus pyogenes • Staphylococcus aureus – One-third of cases of otitis media have viral etiology

Output: Earache and Sinus Infections Causative Agents

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Few details known about pathogenesis of bacterial conjunctivitis – Most likely from airborne respiratory droplets – Resist destruction by lysozyme

Output: Pinkeye Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Begins with infection of nasopharynx • Spreads upwards to sinuses • Pathogenesis mechanism much like that of otitis media

Output: Sinusitis Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Often developing at the time of conjunctivitis diagnosis • Begins with infection of nasal chamber and nasopharynx – Infection moves to middle ear and damages ciliated cells in ear • Ear drum often bursts – Gives immediate relief of pain

Output: Otitis media Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Carrier rates of H. influenza and S. pneumoniae can reach 80% – Epidemics of pinkeye common among school children • Generally in crowded environments – Otitis media very common in early childhood • Older children develop immunity to H. influenza – Less common cause of earache after age five – Sinusitis occurs in adults and older children • Generally due to more developed sinuses

Output: Pinkeye, Earache and Sinus Infections - Epidemiology

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Prevention is directed towards – Removal of infected individuals from school or day care – Hand washing – Avoid rubbing or touching eyes – Avoid sharing towels • Treatment is achieved through eyedrops or ointments containing antibacterial medications

Output: Pinkeye Prevention and Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • Prevention is directed towards – Administration of influenza vaccine to infants in day care facilities during “flu” season » Reduces incidences of earache • Treatment includes – Antibiotic therapy » Amoxicillin

Output: Otitis media Prevention and Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: • There are no proven preventative measures for sinusitis • Treatment is directed at support care – Decongestants and antihistamines are generally discouraged » Ineffective and can be harmful

Output: Sinusitis Prevention and Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Malaise – Scratchy mild sore throat – Runny nose – Cough and hoarseness – Nasal secretion • Initially profuse and watery • Later, thick and purulent • No fever – Unless complicated with secondary infection – Symptoms disappear in about a week

Output: Common Cold Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – 30% to 50% caused by rhinovirus • More than 100 serotypes of rhinovirus • Member of picornavirus family • Small • Non-enveloped • Single-stranded RNA genome

Output: Common Cold Causative Agent

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Virus attaches to specific receptors on respiratory epithelial cells and multiplies in cells – Injured cells cause inflammation which stimulates profuse nasal secretion, sneezing and tissue swelling – Infection is halted by inflammatory response, interferon release and immune response

Output: Common Cold Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Humans are only source for cold virus – Close contact with infected person or secretions usually necessary for transmission – Young children transmit cold virus easily – NO reliable relationship between exposure to cold temperature and development of a cold

Output: Common Cold Epidemiology

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – No vaccine Common Cold • Treatment • Too many different types of rhinovirus – Makes vaccination impractical – Prevention directed at • Hand washing • Keeping hands away from face • Avoiding crowds during times when colds are prevalent

Output: Common Cold Prevention

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Antibiotic therapy is ineffectual – Certain antiviral medications show promise • Must be taken at first onset of symptoms – Treatment with over-the- counter medications may prolong duration due to inhibition of inflammation

Output: Common Cold Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Symptoms: – Runny nose – Fever – Sore throat • Often accompanied with pus on the pharynx and tonsils – Lymph nodes in neck enlarged and tender – Certain strains of virus cause hemorrhagic conjunctivitis – Mild cough is common with infection • Cough may worsen; indication of complicating disease – Infection usually resolves in 1 to 3 weeks • With or without treatment

Output: Adenoviral Pharyngitis Symptoms

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Adenovirus • 45 types infect humans • Non-enveloped • Double-stranded DNA genome • Remains infectious in environment for extended periods • Transmitted easily on medical instruments • Inactivated easily with heat and various disinfectants

Output: Adenoviral Pharyngitis Causative Agent

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Virus infects epithelial cells • Attaches to specific surface receptors • Multiplies in cell nucleus • Cells escape to epithelial surface • Cell destruction initiates inflammation – Different viruses affect different tissues • Adenovirus type 4 causes sore throat and lymph node enlargement • Adenovirus type 8 causes extensive eye infection

Output: Adenoviral Pharyngitis Pathogenesis

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Human is only source of infection – Common among school children • Usually sporadic; however, outbreaks do occur • Most common in winter and spring – Summer outbreaks linked to inadequately chlorinated swimming pools – Virus spread by respiratory droplets – Epidemic spread promoted by high number of asymptomatic carriers

Output: Adenoviral Pharyngitis Epidemiology

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: – Prevention is the same as the common cold – There is no treatment • Patients usually recover uneventfully • Bacterial secondary infections may occur requiring antibiotics for treatment

Output: Adenoviral Pharyngitis Prevention and Treatment

1 Pathogens, Exam 3, Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [Hindbrain] Spinal Cord

Output: Carries information up to the brain and instructions back down.

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Medulla Oblongata

Output: autonomic functions like respiration, digestion and heart rate

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] The Pons

Output: evel of arousal or conciousness and sleep

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Cerebellum

Output: Mostly deals with movement. It regulates and coordinates movement, posture and balance

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Limbic System

Output: emotional brain

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Amygdala

Output: It helps in storing and classifying emotionally charged memories. It plays a large role in producing our emotions, especially fear.

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Hippocampus

Output: It's primary role is in memory formation, classifying information, long-term memory.

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Hypothalamus

Output: It monitors and controls your circadian rhythms, homeostasis, apetite, thirst, other bodily urges

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Thalamus

Output: The Thalamus is THE relay station in the brain. Most of the sensory signals, auditory, visual, somatosensory

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Neocortex

Output: Language, abstract thought, conciousness and imagination.

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Frontal Lobe

Output: Reasoning, problem solving, judgement, impulse control.

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Parietal Lobe

Output: Pain and touch sensation

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Temporal Lobe

Output: Auditory and language

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Occipital Lobe

Output: Visual sensation and processing

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Broca's Area

Output: Controls speech, language recognition and facial nerves

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [Hindbrain] Corpus Callosum

Output: Neural bridge that connects the two hemispheres to each other

Brain Parts Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

Things like the instincts of survival, dominance, mating and the basic functions of respiration, heartbeat


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERT [AGITATION]

Output: FORWARD, IMPERTINENT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERSPICACIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: HAVING INSIGHT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERQUISITE [AGITATION]

Output: A PRIVILEGE OR PROFIT BEYOND REGULAR PAY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERPETUATE [AGITATION]

Output: CAUSE TO LAST INDEFINITELY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERNICIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: VERY DESTRUCTIVE, FATAL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERIPHERY [AGITATION]

Output: OUTWARD BOUNDS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERFUNCTORY [AGITATION]

Output: MECHANICAL, INDIFFERENT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERFIDIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: TREACHERY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PEREMPTORY [AGITATION]

Output: DICTATORIAL, UNCONDITIONAL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PERDITION [AGITATION]

Output: ETERNAL DAMNATION: HELL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PEDANT [AGITATION]

Output: NARROW-MINDED TEACHER

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PECUNIARY [AGITATION]

Output: OF OR RELATING TO MONEY: MONETARY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PECCADILLO [AGITATION]

Output: A SLIGHT OFFENSE, MINOR SIN

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PAUCITY [AGITATION]

Output: SMALLNESS OF NUMBER OR QUANTITY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PATRIMONY [AGITATION]

Output: SOMETHING INHERITED FROM ONE'S FATHER

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PATRICIAN [AGITATION]

Output: A PERSON OF HIGH BIRTH; ARISTOCRAT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PATRIARCH [AGITATION]

Output: FATHER-RULER OF A FAMILY OR TRIBE

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PATHOS [AGITATION]

Output: QUALITY OF AROUSING PITY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PATENT [AGITATION]

Output: EVIDENT, OBVIOUS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PASTORAL [AGITATION]

Output: SHEPHERDS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PARSIMONY [AGITATION]

Output: STINGINESS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PARADOX [AGITATION]

Output: A STATEMENT THAT IS CONTRARY TO WHAT SEEMS LOGICAL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PARABLE [AGITATION]

Output: A SIMPLE STORY TO CONVEY A MORAL TRUTH

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PANDER [AGITATION]

Output: A GO-BETWEEN IN LOVE INTRIGUES

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PANACEA [AGITATION]

Output: CURE-ALL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PALSY [AGITATION]

Output: PARALYSIS; TREMORS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PALPABLE [AGITATION]

Output: OBVIOUS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PALL [AGITATION]

Output: TO BECOME WEARISOME

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] PALATABLE [AGITATION]

Output: TASTY

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OVERT [AGITATION]

Output: NOT SECRET, NOT CONCEALED

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OSTRACIZE [AGITATION]

Output: TO BANISH

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OSTENTATIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: PRETENTIOUS, AN ATTEMPT TO IMPRESS OTHERS

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OSSIFY [AGITATION]

Output: TO HARDEN LIKE BONE

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ORTHOGRAPHY [AGITATION]

Output: SPELLING

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ORNATE [AGITATION]

Output: ELABORATELY DECORATED

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ORIFICE [AGITATION]

Output: OPENING, MOUTH

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ORACULAR [AGITATION]

Output: PREDICTING

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OPULENCE [AGITATION]

Output: WEALTH

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OPPROBRIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: SHAMEFUL

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ONEROUS [AGITATION]

Output: BURDENSOME

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OMINOUS [AGITATION]

Output: THREATENING

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OLIGARCHY [AGITATION]

Output: GOVERNMENT BY FEW

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OFFICIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: MEDDLESOME

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] ODIOUS [AGITATION]

Output: HATEFUL, DISGUSTING

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OBVIATE [AGITATION]

Output: TO PREVENT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OBTUSE [AGITATION]

Output: NOT QUICK OR ALERT IN PERCEPTION, FEELING OR INTELLECT

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OBTRUDE [AGITATION]

Output: TO INTRUDE

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OBSTREPEROUS [AGITATION]

Output: BOISTEROUS, RUDE

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [PERTURBATION] OBSOLESCENCE [AGITATION]

Output: GOING OUT OF USE

WEEK 12 VOCABS Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: If taxes shift to the right, which way does the consumption schedule shift? saving schedule? [c]

Output: consumption to the left. Saving to the left. (taxes and C+S are inversely related)


Input: What does break even income mean? [c]

Output: It means that all income is consumed and none is saved


Input: a)What is the relationship between consumption and disposable income on the 45 degree line? b)What is the relationship between disposable income and saving ? [c]

Output: a) on the 45 line, consumption is equal to disposable income b) they are directly related to one another


Input: What would happen to your spending habits today if you expected the prices to rise tommorow [c]

Output: You would spend more today


Input: what happens when income increases? a)curve shifts to the right b)curve shifts to the left c)moves along the curve to the right d)moves along curve to the left [c]

Output: c)


Input: What is the average propensity to consume? [c]

Output: the percentage or fraction of disposable income that people plan to spend on Goods and services


Input: What are the two determinants of investment spending? [c]

Output: interest rates and expected returns


Input: a)What is the relationship between expected rate of return and investment? b)investment and interest rate [c]

Output: a) they are directly related b) they are inversely related


Input: which of the following is not a determinant of the investment demand curve? a)taxes b)expectations c)excess capacity d)household debts [c]

Output: d)


Input: What happens to the demand curve when the company is overstocked with supplies? [c]

Output: the expected rate of returns decreases so the demand curve decreases and thus moves to the left


Input: Which of the following does not cause a fluctuation of investment? a)durability b)income c)irregularity of innovation d)variability of profits and expectations [c]

Output: b)


Input: What is the multiplier effect? [c]

Output: the change in equilibrium GDP to the change in investment or any other component of aggregate expenditures


Input: a)What is the relationship between the multiplier and MPC? b)MPS? [c]

Output: a) the multiplier is directly related to MPC b)inverse


Input: NJ tro once said "the economy of our future is in pearl. But we must not be so quick to judge the marketers and swindlers of our universe. The burden lies on land not in the sea." Discuss exactly who said this quote [c]

Output: NJ tro


Input: Par Value

Output: Face Value: principal amount to be repaid at the end of the term, typically 1,000

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Coupon Rate

Output: The annual coupon divided by the face value of the bond

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Coupon Payment

Output: States interest payment made on the bond

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: YTM

Output: Yield to Maturity the calculated return on the bond that investors will earn if they hold the bond till maturity

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Maturity Date

Output: specified date on which the principal amount of a bond is paid

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Discount Bond

Output: bond selling less than par value

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Premium Bond

Output: Sold over par value, 1000

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Reinvestment Rate Risk

Output: Uncertainty concerning rates at which cash flows can be reinvested. Short term bonds have more reinvestment rate risk than long term bonds. High coupon rate bonds have more reinvestment rate risk that low coupon rate bonds

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Interest rate risk

Output: Interest rate risk mis the risk that arises for bond owners from fluctuating interest rates. It depends on time to maturity and coupon rate: long-term bonds have more price risk than short-term bonds, low coupon rate bonds have more risk than high coupon rate bonds.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Bond Classification: Senior vs subordinate

Output: Senior gets payed first, then subordinate

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Floating Rate Bond:

Output: coupon rate floats depending on some index valu.e There is less price risk, the coupon floats so its less likely to differ substantially from the YTM

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Municipal Securities

Output: Debt of state and local government. Varying degrees of default risk, rated similar to corporate debt. Interest received is TAX-EXEMPT at the federal level.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Zero Coupon Bonds

Output: Make no periodic interest payments, cannot sell for more than par value

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Disaster Bonds

Output: Insurance company if something happens then interest is voided

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Income Bonds

Output: Corporate income level: no longer liable for payment is corporate income level isnt reached

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Convertible Bonds

Output: Change bond to stocks

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Put Bonds

Output: You have the right to sell bonds ack to the company

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: The fisher Effect

Output: (1+Nominal Rate)=(1+real rate)+(1+expected inflation rate)

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Term Structure of Interest Rates

Output: The relationship between time to maturity and interest rate. Yield Curve: Nominal (Upward sloping), Inverted (Downward-Sloping)

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Constant Dividend

Output: Perpetuity=Dividend/Rate. The firm will pay constant dividend forever, this is like preferred stock, the price is computed using perpetuity formula.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Constant Dividend Growth

Output: The firm will increase the dividend by a constant PERCENT every period. Po=D0(1+G)/R-G -OR- Po=D1/(R-G)

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Zero Growth

Output: If dividends are expected at regular intervals forever, then this perpetuity: Paid amount/Required Rate

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Non-Constant Growth

Output: Combination

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Dividend Characteristics

Output: Dividends are not a liability of the firm until a dividend has been declared by board. A firm cant go bankrupt for not declaring dividends. Dividends and Taxes: dividend payments are not considered a business expense and are not tax deductible, taxation of dividends received by individuals depend on the holding period, dividends received by corporations have a minimum 70% exclusion from taxable income. *companies DONT have to pay dividends.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Exchanges

Output: Dealers execute trades and exchanges are places where dealers operate.


Input: What do exchanges do?

Output: Trading Services: Exchange and pay for it. Listing: get credited following ceratin rules. Info: price and other stats. Regulation: what companies can and can't do.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: NPV

Output: Estimate the expected future cash flows, estimate the required return for projects of this risk level, find the pv of the cash flows and subtract the initial investment


Input: Payback Period

Output: ADVANTAGE: Easy to understand. DISADVANTAGE: ignores the time value of money, requires and arbitrary cutoff point, ignores cash flows beyond the cutoff date, biased against long-term projects

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Discounted Payback

Output: ADVANTAGE: includes the time value of money, easy to understand. DISADVANTAGE: may reject positive NPV investments, requires an arbitrary cutoff point, ignores cash flows beyond the cutoff point, biased against long-term projects

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Average Accounting Return (AAR)

Output: ADVANTAGES: easy to calculate, needed information will usually be available. DISADVANTAGES: not a true rate of return time value of money is ignored, Uses arbitrary bench,mark cutoff rate, based on accounting NI and book values, not cash flows and market values

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

Output: Advantages: knowing a return is intuitively appealing, and it is a simple way to communicate the value of a project.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Profitability Index

Output: ADVANTAGES: closely related to NPV generally leading to identical decisions, easy to understand and communicate, may be useful when funds are limited. DISADVANTAGES: may lead to incorrect decision in comparisons of mutually exclusive investments.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Non-Conventional Cash Flows (NPV vs. IRR)

Output: cash flow signs change more than once, there is more than one IRR.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Mutually Exclusive Projects (NPV vs. IRR)

Output: if you choose one, you can't choose the other.

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: NPV vs. IRR conflicts

Output: NPV directly measures the increase in value to the firm, whenever there is a conflict between NPV and another decision rule, you should always use NP. IRR is unreliable in the following situations: Non-conventional cash flows and mutually exclusive projects

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Sunk Costs (Cash Flows)

Output: costs that have accrued in the past

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Opportunity Costs (cash flow)

Output: costs of lost options (ex. college for four years

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Side effects/Externalities

Output: One action having impact on other. Positive Side effects (benefit to other projects), Negative Side Effects (costs to other projects)

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: Straight-Line Depreciation:

Output: Depreciation=(Initial Cost-Salvage Value)/Number of Years

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: After Tax Salvage Value

Output: [Book Value=Initial Cost-Depreciation] After-Tax Salve=Salvage-%(Salvage-Book Value)

-Stockes don't have to pay dividend, bonds are debt, stocks are ownership


Input: [computer security risk] cyber crime

Output: refers to on-line or internet based illegle acts

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] hacker

Output: a derogatory meaning and refers to someone who accesses a computer or network illegally

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] cracker

Output: also someone who accesses a computer or network illegally

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] script kiddie

Output: has the same intent as a cracker but does not have the technicle skills and knowledge

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] cyberextortionist

Output: someone who uses e-mmail as a vehicle for extortion

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] cyberterrorist

Output: someone who uses the internet or network to destroy or damage computers for poltical reasons

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] virus

Output: a potentionally damaging computer program that affects, or infects, a computer negatively by altering the way that the computer works without the user's permission

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] worm

Output: a program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory or on network, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] Trojan Horse

Output: a program that hides within or looks like a legit program

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] rookit

Output: a program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] malware

Output: short for malicious software, programs that act without a user's permission and deliberately alter the computer's operations

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] payload

Output: the destructive event or prank the prgram is intended to deliver

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] trusted source

Output: an organization or person you believe will not send a virus file knowingly

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] virus signature

Output: a known specific patern of virus code

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] botnet

Output: a group of comprised computers connected to a network such as the Internet that are used as part of a network that attacks other networks, usually for nefarious purposes

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] denial of service attack

Output: an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access such as a web or e-mail

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] back door

Output: a program or set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls when accessing a program,computer, or network

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] spoofing

Output: a technique intruders use to make their network or INternet transmission appear legit to a victim

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] firewall

Output: hardware and/or software that protects a network's resources from intrusion by users on another network such as the Internet

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] personal firewall

Output: a utility program that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] Intrusion Detection Software

Output: automatically analyzes all network traffic, assesses system vulnerabilities, identifies any unauthorized access, and notifies network administrators or suspicious behavior patterns or system breaches

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] user name

Output: a unique combination of characters, such as letters or numbers, that identifies one specific user

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] password

Output: a private combination or characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] CAPTCHA

Output: a program that verifies user input is not computer generated

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] biometric device

Output: authenticates a person's identity by translating a personal characteristic, such as fingerprint, into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in the computer

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: [computer security risk] digital forensics

Output: the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks

any event or actionthat could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability


Input: Employee Assigned to operate a CTC or interlocking control machine or authorized to grant track permits [Block Signal]

Output: Control Operator

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The location of absolute signals controlled by a control operator. [Block Signal]

Output: Control Point

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A siding within CTC or interlocking limits where a signal indication authorizes the siding's use. [Block Signal]

Output: Controlled Siding

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Signal appliances that are interconnected so that each of their movements follows the other in a proper sequence. Interlockings may be operated manually or automatically. [Block Signal]

Output: Interlocking

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The tracks between outer opposing absolute signals of an interlocking. [Block Signal]

Output: Interlocking Limits

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A track extending through yards and between stations that must not be occupied without authority or protection [Block Signal]

Output: Main Track

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A movement opposite the authorzied direction. [Block Signal]

Output: Reverse Movement

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The apperance of a fixed or cab signal. [Block Signal]

Output: Signal Aspect

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A notice of conditions affecting train movement. It may also authorize movement against the current of traffic where Rule 9.14 [Block Signal]

Output: Track Bulletin

Kansas City Southern Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [Basic Industries] Business Services

Output: Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Central Place

Output: A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Central Place Theory

Output: A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market area for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel further.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] City-State

Output: A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Clustered Rural-Settlement

Output: A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Consumer Services

Output: Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Dispersed Rural Settlement

Output: A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Economic Base

Output: A community's collection of basic industries.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Enclosure Movement

Output: The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the Eighteenth Century.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Gravity Model

Output: A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Market Area (Or Hinterland)

Output: The area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's good and services.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Nonbasic Industries

Output: Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers in the community.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Primate City

Output: The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Primate City Rule

Output: A pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Public Services

Output: Services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Range (of a Service)

Output: The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Rank-Size Rule

Output: A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Service

Output: Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Settlement

Output: A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Threshold

Output: The minimum number of people needed to support the service.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Urbanization

Output: An increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: [Basic Industries] Urbanized Area

Output: In the United States, a central city plus its contiguous built-up suburbs.

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.


Input: refers to on-line or internet based illegle acts [computer security risk]

Output: cyber crime


Input: a derogatory meaning and refers to someone who accesses a computer or network illegally [computer security risk]

Output: hacker


Input: also someone who accesses a computer or network illegally [computer security risk]

Output: cracker


Input: has the same intent as a cracker but does not have the technicle skills and knowledge [computer security risk]

Output: script kiddie


Input: someone who uses e-mmail as a vehicle for extortion [computer security risk]

Output: cyberextortionist


Input: someone who uses the internet or network to destroy or damage computers for poltical reasons [computer security risk]

Output: cyberterrorist


Input: a potentionally damaging computer program that affects, or infects, a computer negatively by altering the way that the computer works without the user's permission [computer security risk]

Output: virus


Input: a program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory or on network, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer [computer security risk]

Output: worm


Input: a program that hides within or looks like a legit program [computer security risk]

Output: Trojan Horse


Input: a program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer [computer security risk]

Output: rookit


Input: short for malicious software, programs that act without a user's permission and deliberately alter the computer's operations [computer security risk]

Output: malware


Input: the destructive event or prank the prgram is intended to deliver [computer security risk]

Output: payload


Input: an organization or person you believe will not send a virus file knowingly [computer security risk]

Output: trusted source


Input: a known specific patern of virus code [computer security risk]

Output: virus signature


Input: a group of comprised computers connected to a network such as the Internet that are used as part of a network that attacks other networks, usually for nefarious purposes [computer security risk]

Output: botnet


Input: an assault whose purpose is to disrupt computer access such as a web or e-mail [computer security risk]

Output: denial of service attack


Input: a program or set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls when accessing a program,computer, or network [computer security risk]

Output: back door


Input: a technique intruders use to make their network or INternet transmission appear legit to a victim [computer security risk]

Output: spoofing


Input: hardware and/or software that protects a network's resources from intrusion by users on another network such as the Internet [computer security risk]

Output: firewall


Input: a utility program that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions [computer security risk]

Output: personal firewall


Input: automatically analyzes all network traffic, assesses system vulnerabilities, identifies any unauthorized access, and notifies network administrators or suspicious behavior patterns or system breaches [computer security risk]

Output: Intrusion Detection Software


Input: a unique combination of characters, such as letters or numbers, that identifies one specific user [computer security risk]

Output: user name


Input: a private combination or characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources [computer security risk]

Output: password


Input: a program that verifies user input is not computer generated [computer security risk]

Output: CAPTCHA


Input: authenticates a person's identity by translating a personal characteristic, such as fingerprint, into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in the computer [computer security risk]

Output: biometric device


Input: the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks [computer security risk]

Output: digital forensics


Input: [delegated powers] elastic clause

Output: part of the U.S. constitutional that allows congress to stretch its delegated powers to address issues not otherwise specified in the document

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] reserved powers

Output: powers retained by the state governments or by citizens

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] concurrent powers

Output: powers that are shared by the federal and state governments

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] representative demoncracy

Output: governments by representatives of the people

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] apportionment

Output: distribution

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] impeach

Output: bring charges against

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] veto

Output: cancel

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] excutive orders

Output: nonlegislative directions that have the force of law

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] pardons

Output: freedom fron punishment

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] cabinet

Output: group that advises the U.S. president made up of the heads of the excutive departments

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] Sandra Day O' Connor

Output: jujde in the supreme court

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] James Madison

Output: helped secure the constitutional ratification with the promise that a bill of rights would be added to it

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] petition

Output: make a request

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] search warrent

Output: jujde's prder that authorizes the search because the property in question seems likely to contain evidence relating to a crime

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] due process

Output: the fair application of the law

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] indict

Output: formally accuse the person

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] double jeopardy

Output: be tried again for the same crime

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] naturalization

Output: legl process by which a person becomes a U.S. citizen

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] deport

Output: send back to the country of orgin citizen

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] draft

Output: requirement of military service

powers granted to the federal government


Input: [delegated powers] political action committees

Output: organizations that collect money to distrivute to candidates who support the same issues as the contributors

powers granted to the federal government


Input: The natural aptitude for virtue we are born with. We have the talent for becoming virtuous. It is a divine gift from God.

Output: Passive Component of Virtue

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: It is our own responsibility to study and practice virtues that involve habituation and perfect ourselves using our God given gifts

Output: Active Component of Virtue

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Passive and active parts of virtue help us to obtain our ultimate purpose: the relationship between us and the final cause.

Output: What do passive and active virtue contribute?

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: 1. controlled by reason 2. operation of the will with reason 3. Study involves knowledge of acquisition 4. Study is assimilation of the "formal element"

Output: Parts of Virtue

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: the good

Output: Perfect virtues ultimate final cause

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: perfect virtue is the choice of means in accord with right reason in order to achieve instinct.

Output: Perfect virtue

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Rational appetitive reason animal

Output: Appetites

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: operation of reason w/ the will higher appetite: one of the good

Output: Rational Appetite

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: the will is higher appetite, an appetite of the good.

Output: Appetitive reason

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: animal instincts are the lower appetite they are NOT controlled by reason

Output: Animal Appetite

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: easily angered quick tempered

Output: Irascible

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: A desire to seek what is suitable and avoid what is harmful

Output: Concupisant

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: The will is an appetite for good which means final causality reason contributes to deliberation

Output: Relationship between will and reason

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: because of our power to deliberate

Output: Why are we free?

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: 1. the will desires the good 2. reason selects one particular good from among many options -we use reason to select -we may reason well or poorly -we are advised to learn to reason through studies 3. reason councils the will on which object to select 4. the will physically moves us to the object selected

Output: The Process by which free choice is performed

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Animals are controlled by their instincts and do not have the power to deliberate. animal instincts are irascible and concupisant

Output: Why other animals are not free like human beings are free

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Why he engages in meditations general method for initial standard for certainty -the existence of the outside world(the sum of all sensible objects) -The truthfulness of math/geometry

Output: Descartes Med.1

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: things that we know to be true

Output: Axioms

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Always begin with an axiom

Output: Geometric Method (part of med 1)

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: What is known with certainty and why -his own existence (I know that I exist because I cannot doubt this if I try to) -His essence is to be thinking thing

Output: Descartes Med 2

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: The essence of physical material objects Not determined by intellect of the senses It is an intelligible and not sensual property.

Output: Extension (Part of med 2)

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: 1. There are two substances: Mind and Body 2. Wax melts and transforms sensible properties but one property remains the same: extension 3. Absent of these sensible properties, the object is still extended 4. Descartes does not know if physical objects are real but states that: all physical objects if they exist have the characteristic of being extended

Output: Wax Example

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Proof of Gods existence and why God is not an evil deceiver

Output: Descartes Med 3

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Idea: God is an entity, all powerful, all knowing, good, and does not lack anything Cause: Parents-But where did they get the idea? Mind: I am finite and am not capable of being the cause of something infinite. Only an infinite thing can be the cause of an infinite idea. God univerally built it in us as humans

Output: Med 3 Proof of Gods existence

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: A good entity must exist. God can't be infinitely good and tricking me. If God were deceiving us it would be malicious and would be in conflit wiht his goodness.

Output: Med 3 Why God is not an evil deceiver

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: 1. Identity is emergent and contingent (dependent on something else) 2. There is awareess of constant change in our thoughts 3. There is not any "Thinker entity" independent from these thoughts 4. If we attend to what is found in sense experience we find no experience entity

Output: Nature of mind according to a Buddhist perspective

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Claim leaping from thoughts to thinker can't be justified we can't isolate any one thing that remains unchanged.

Output: Buddhist and Descartes Compared

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Descartes believes notion of mind as a substance. information available to the sense changes Nature of the mind is not subject to change in the way other things are subject to change.

Output: Nature of mind according to Descartes

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: taking something that is fluid or changing and supposing it to be something solid or fixed. It is always in the process of doing. Personal identity.

Output: Reification

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: good internal to the human (Buddhism divinity)

Output: Esortic

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: study of rules in which physical world operates

Output: physics

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: that which persists through change dealing wiht obj. that cannot be accessed with senses.

Output: metaphysics

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: claims that at least some kinds of knowledge are arrived at with out the use of senses. some find truths are known through reason alone.

Output: Rationalist

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: 1. we are born perfect 2. the active component of the HB provides us with the natural aptitude for perfection 3. the will is determiend to pursue the good

Output: Aquinas argues that

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: his esence is a thinking thing

Output: Descartes argues that

Similarities between Aquinas and Aristotle's conception of the human being


Input: Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services. [Basic Industries]

Output: Business Services

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area. [Basic Industries]

Output: Central Place

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market area for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel further. [Basic Industries]

Output: Central Place Theory

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland. [Basic Industries]

Output: City-State

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement. [Basic Industries]

Output: Clustered Rural-Settlement

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Businesses that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services. [Basic Industries]

Output: Consumer Services

Cultural Geography Chapter 12 Flashcards - Cram.com