Input: [2] Hepatic [1]

Output: Pertaining to the liver

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Hemorrhoid/ Piles [1]

Output: An enlarged vein in the anus wall, especially due to prolonged constipation or diarrhea, characterized by fissure, painful swelling, and bleeding.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Emesis [1]

Output: Vomiting; vomited matter

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Diverticulum [1]

Output: Saclike out-pouching of the wall of the colon.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Digestion [1]

Output: Process of breaking down large particles and high molecular-weight substances into small molecules.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Choleretic [1]

Output: Aids excretion of bile by the liver, so there is a greater flow of bile.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Cholecystokinetic [1]

Output: Agent that stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Flatus [1]

Output: Intestinal gas

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Fissure [1]

Output: Crack in membrane lining

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Feces [1]

Output: Digestive waste products

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Dysentery [1]

Output: Infection of the intestinal tract that causes severe diarrhea mixed with blood and mucus.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Dyspepsia/ Indigestion [1]

Output: Digestive disorder with abdominal pain and gas after eating, sometimes with nausea and vomiting.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Diverticulosis [1]

Output: Condition characterized by the existence of diverticular sacs at weak points in the walls of the alimentary tract especially the intestine.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Diverticulitis [1]

Output: Colonic diverticulosis with inflammation.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Diarrhea [1]

Output: Frequent bowel evacuation, especially of soft or liquid feces.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Heparin [1]

Output: Natural anticoagulant produced by liver cells as a polysaccharide.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] Beta Cells [1]

Output: The cells in the pancreas, which manufacture insulin.

Digestive System Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the difference between a direct inguinal hernia, and an indirect inguinal hernia?

Output: Indirect: The intestines are contained within the vaginal tunic. Direct: There is a rent in the vaginal tunic or peritoneum and the intestines are directly beneath the skin.

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Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: How do hernias in foals usually present?

Output: Direct inguinal hernias Congenital and hereditary Typically reducible Do not usually strangulate/incarcerate

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: How do hernias in adult horses usually present?

Output: Indirect inguinal hernias Acquired Non-reducible Herniated bowel gets strangulated/incarcerated Colic signs

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is conservative treatment for a foal with a hernia?

Output: Box stall rest Manual reduction of the hernia several times a day Possibly application of a truss (pressure bandage) Close monitoring for complications

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: graves

Output: serious

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the "twist and tack" technique?

Output: The testicle and tunic are twisted to decrease the internal diameter of the inguinal canal, followed by a transfixation ligature around the tunic and spermatic chord, which is then anchored to the external abdominal oblique muscle. followed by removal of the testicle.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the surgical treatment for adult horses with acquired inguinal hernias?

Output: If the bowel is not incarcerated, laparoscopic herniorrhaphy may be performed using a mesh to occlude the internal inguinal ring. If the bowel is compromised, resection may be needed.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: True or false: Breeding stallions need to retire if one testicle is removed after a hernia.

Output: False! Breeding stallions can still cover, as the contralateral testicle hypertrophies and almost 80% of the original sperm count is attained.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are the clinical signs of spermatic chord torsion?

Output: Unilaterally enlarged testicle Firm swelling of the testicle Pain on palpation Signs of colic

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the treatment for torsion of the spermatic chord?

Output: Castration of the affected testicle

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the most common neoplasia of the equine prepuce and penis?

Output: Squamous cell carcinoma

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: True or false: Smegma accumulation in the prepuce may predispose to development of SCC

Output: True: either through chronic irritation or unidentified carcinogens within smegma

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are squamous papillomas?

Output: Pre-cancerous lesions that may progress into SCC

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What virus related skin tumor is most common in horses?

Output: Sarcoids

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the first sign of neoplasia on the penis or prepuce?

Output: The horse urinates without extending its penis.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What treatments are available for neoplasia of the penis or prepuce?

Output: Chemotherapy (topical, intratumoral) Cryosurgery Circumcision Penis amputation En-bloc resection of penis and lymph nodes

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What aspect of the bladder is most likely to rupture in foals?

Output: Rupture is usually seen on the dorsal aspect of the bladder, where the wall is thinnest

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: When might you see bladder rupture in an adult horse?

Output: Urethral obstruction

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: In what age horse is it most common to diagnose bladder rupture?

Output: 1-7 day old foals

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are the clinical signs of bladder rupture?

Output: Initially no signs are noticeable After 1-3 days: Depression Anorexia Abdominal distention Colic

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: True or false: If the owners have seen the foal urinate, you can rule out bladder rupture.

Output: False, Foals often strain to urinate and may urinate smaller amounts more frequently than normal.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What lab abnormalities are seen with bladder rupture?

Output: Hyponatremia Hypochloremia Hyperkalemia Hemoconcentration Metabolic acidemia Azotemia

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What would abdominocentesis show in a foal with a ruptured bladder?

Output: Creatinine levels 2x or greater in abdominal fluid than plasma.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What needs to be done preoperatively with a foal with a ruptured bladder?

Output: IV fluids Peritoneal drainage if distention is severe Correct electrolyte imbalances Consider postponing surgery if foal is severely compromised (catheterize bladder in the mean time) NSAIDS, abx

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What is the procedure for repairing a ruptured bladder?

Output: Cystorrhaphy under general anesthesia in dorsal recumbency.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What can you do if it is difficult to identify the rent in the bladder wall?

Output: Distend bladder retrograde with sterile methylene blue

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are the most common type of uroliths that horses get?

Output: Ca carbonate uroliths with a spiculated surface

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are the clinical signs of urolithiasis?

Output: Stranguria Pollackuria Hematuria Weight loss Signs of colic

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: True or false: A horse with a urolith will always be azotemic

Output: False, the horse will only be azotemic if there is a full obstruction.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are some surgical treatment options for obstructive urolithiasis?

Output: Perineal urethrotomy Via laparotomy Via flexible endoscopy and snares Via nephrectomy

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What treatment prevents urolith recurrence?

Output: Urine acidification Don't feed alfalfa

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are some possible complications of urethrotomy?

Output: Urethral hemorrhage Cystitis Urethritis Urethral stricture Recurrence of urolithiasis

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What are some possible complications of cystotomy?

Output: Peritonitis Abdominal incisional dihiscence Cystitis Recurrence of urolithiasis

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: What can indicate permanent renal damage from uroliths?

Output: Azotemia that persists post-operatively.

Equine Male Urogenital Surgery Flashcards - Cram.com

Inguinal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the inguinal area. Scrotal hernia: Intestines are passing through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.


Input: Fairly rhythmic slow activity that is synchronous with body movement related to respiration; this movement causes mechanically induced impedance changes in an electrode. 2) Low or sharp wave occurring synchronously with inhalation or exhalation involving only the lectrodes on which the patient is lying. Try to eliminate by repositioning patient's head. Monitor by marking EEG recording with each inhalation and-or exhalation or use thermocouple or respirometer.

Output: Describe respiration artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: There is no way to elimanate EKG artifact, although using a bipolar rather than referential montage to earleads; can put both A1 and A2 together in input 2 and this decreases the amplitude of the EKG artifact. Try to decrease by turning patient's head relative to trunk. Monitor by recording EKG using two chest leads-one on the upper left chest; second on the upper right chest-or a lead on each wrist. Should monitor EKG on every patient throughout the entire EEG recording.

Output: Describe EKG artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Seen as a fast spike which is the electrical stimulus delivered to the heart by an internal cardiac pacemaker. Pacemaker artifact will be seen in the channel monitoring EKG; should monitor EKG on every patient throughout entire EEG recording.

Output: Describe pacemaker artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Rhythmic theta activity with myogenic potentials (muscle artifact) superimposed that occurs at 4 to 7 Hz as the head or body tremors: often seen in patient's with Parkinson's disease. Monitor by placing electrode over extremity with tremor, can also be directly monitored by an accelerometer. An accelerometer is an electromagnetic detector that records sudden movement and change in direction of movement.

Output: Describe tremor artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Seen during photic stimulation in the prefrontal leads (Fp1and Fp2) most often at high sensitivities needed for recording suspected electrocerebral inactivity. The artifact will match the frequency of the photic stimulation. Hold an opaque card over eye to block photic stimulation flash from reaching the retina.

Output: Describe electroretinogram artifact and how to eliminate it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Areas of skin with many sweat glands are electrically negative; sweat glands generate electrical potentials when active. Sweating can cause slow waves, most likely slow rolling delta waves. Try to eliminate by reducing cause of sweating, e.g., cool head, wipe area with alcohol, air conditioning. Monitor by placing two leads on the hand: one pn the palm and one on the dorsum.

Output: Decsribe skin potential artifact and how to eliminate and monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Caused by capacitance between 60 Hz conductors i.e., electrode wires, metal bed frames, the patient, or the technologist. Eliminate by determining cause of 60 Hz and remove, put on battery power, or turn off. Cover wires with sheet or towel. Use 60 Hz filter only if absolutely unable to remove artifact and document it use on the EEG.

Output: How are 60 Hz artifacts caused by electrostatic effects? How do you eliminate them?

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Caused by electrical appliances or equipment, i.e., transformers, motors, high intensity lamps, power supplies, TV sets, radio, etc. Eliminate by determining cause of 60 Hz and remove, put on battery power, or turn off. Cover wires with sheet or towel. Use 60 Hz filter only if absolutely unable to remove artifact and its use document on the EEG.

Output: How are 60 Hz artifacts caused by electromagnetic effects? How do you eliminate them?

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Caused by an electrically unstable electrode of high impedance. May appear as a spike or sharp wave or random slow wave with no field - an electrode "pop" Eliminate by repairing electrode and improving impedance.

Output: Describe an electrode malfunction artifact and how to eliminate it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Resembles EKG artifact. Monitor drip by typing an "X" on EEG recording. Eliminate by asking nurse to turn of IV or use battery power when possible.

Output: Describe an intravenous (IV) drip artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Periodic slow wave that has a slight delay from but is timelocked to the EKG waveform. Monitor by recording EKG; especially useful if the heart rate is irregular.

Output: Describe pulse artifact and how to monitor it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Very short duration potentials that usually occur in clusters or periodic runs. They may resemble cerebral spike discharges except cerebral spikes are of much longer duration and will have a field. To eliminate ask patient to relax, drop the jaw or open mouth slightly.

Output: Describe muscle artifact and how to eliminate it.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: Excessive high frequency filtering will reduce the amplitude of these fast potentials and will also change their form. Single muscle potentials may look like spikes and repetitive potentials may look like cerebral fast waves.

Output: Why is the use of the high frequency filter (HFF) not recommended to reduce muscle artifact?

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: The cornea (the front of the eye) is positive relative to the retina (the back of the eye) which is negative

Output: What is the corneoretinal potential?

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: To distinguish eye movements from cortical slowing, place additional elelctrodes infraorbitally on the outer canthus of each eye (depending if the eye movement is horizontal or lateral). Reference the eye elcetrodes to the ear electrodes. Eye movements will be out-of-phase and cortical slowing will be in-phase.

Output: Describe how to monitor eye movement artifact.

What causes glossokenetic artifact and how do you monitor it?


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are viruses?

Output: Programs that are designed to spread from one system to another thorough self-replication and to perform any of a wide range of malicious activities. Require a host to infect.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Worms?

Output: Designed to exploit a single flaw in a system and then use that hole to replicate itself to other systems with the same flaw. Do not require host to infect.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Trojan Horses?

Output: Form of malicious software that is disguised as something useful or legitimate.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Spyware and Adware?

Output: Usually unwanted software that gathers information without authorization. Spyware uses it to target advertisements or steal identities. Adware uses it to direct advertisements.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Armored Viruses?

Output: Designed to be difficult to detect and analyze.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Boot sector viruses?

Output: Attach themselves to the boot sector of the hard drive

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Companion viruses?

Output: Attaches themselves to a legitimate program and then creates a program with different file extension. When you try to run the original program, the companion program launches.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Macro viruses?

Output: Live in documents and emails and exploit scripting capabilities.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Multipartite viruses?

Output: Attacks your system in multiple ways. Boot sector and executables and destroys application files.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Phage viruses?

Output: Modify and alter other programs and databases.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Polymorphic viruses?

Output: Alter its own code in order to avoid being detected.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Retroviruses?

Output: Attacks or bypasses antivirus software. Anti-antivirus.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Stealth viruses?

Output: Attempts to avoid detection by masking itself from applications. Attach selves to boot sector.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Rootkits?

Output: A type of malicious code that fools the OS into thinking that active processes and files don't exist. Rootkits render compromised systems completely untrustworthy.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What is a Botnet?

Output: A network of robots or malicious software agents controlled by a hacker in order to launch massive attacks against targets.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Logic Bombs?

Output: Programs or snippets of code that execute when predefined event occurs.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are the security risks associated with BIOS?

Output: - If attacks can alter BIOS and CMOS, they may be able to bypass security features. - Avoid by controlling physical access and using strong malware protection

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are the security risks associated with USB Devices?

Output: - Can be used to bring malicious code or leak information - Only protection is to fully disallow USB devices

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are the security risks associated with Cell Phones?

Output: - Can interact with internet and corporate network - Targets of hackers and malicious code - Eavesdropping

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are the security risks associated with Network Attached Storage?

Output: - Storage system connected to LAN. - Don't always offer strong security such as authentication and authorization

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Hotfixes?

Output: Hotfixes are used during normal operations even though may require reboot. Install only if you are having problems.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Service Packs?

Output: Service packs and support packs are comprehensive set of fixes consolidated into a single product. More thoroughly tested than hotfixes, and should be installed

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Patches?

Output: Patches are temporary quick fix to a problem. Corrects programming flaws and security vulnerabilities. More tested than hotfixes.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are Group Policies?

Output: Group Policies create restrictions that apply to workstations when users authenticate. Those are applied to the registry. Use security templates. New security requirements can be quickly distributed

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What are security baselines (or configuration baselines)?

Output: Used to maintain a hardened system Standardized minimum level of security that all systems in the org must comply with Is defined by the organizations security policy

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] Describe ActiveX vulnerabilities

Output: Mobile code that runs on client. Uses current users security privileges. Uses Authenticode for security which is a certificate technology. ActiveX components are saved to the desktop and can be run again later

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] Describe CGI vulnerabilities

Output: Run on web server and interact with client browser. All folders must have execute rights. Can leak information about server. May execute commands on server.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] Describe Java applet vulnerabilities

Output: Small self contained java script that is downloaded from server and runs from browser. Run on the client but does not use current users security privileges. Run in restricted area of memory called the sandbox. It is considered safe in the sandbox. Errors can allow the aps to run outside the sandbox. Ability to execute instructions Resource Monopolization Unexpected Redirection

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] Describe SMPT Relay vulnerabilities

Output: Feature designed into many email servers. Allows them to forward email to other email servers. Has helped generate a great deal of spam. “Open relays” can be used to send ads and other messages.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What is Buffer overflow?

Output: When hacker can input more data into the buffer than can be handled. Can cause system crashes, corrupt data, user privilege escalation, etc.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What is Host Based Intrusion Detection (HIDS)?

Output: A security application designed to monitor a local computer. Anti virus and anti spyware are examples of HIDs. Designed to run as software on a host computer system. Examine machine logs, system events and applications interactions. Don’t normally monitor network traffic on the host. If system is compromised, the log files may become corrupt or inaccurate. Must be deployed on each system that needs it.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What is S/MIME?

Output: The internet standard for encrypting and digitally signing email. Uses RSA.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What is PGP used for?

Output: To encrypt and digitally sign email messages. It uses RSA and Diffie-Hellman.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: [What is Privilege Escalation?] What vulnerabilities are associated with Java scripts?

Output: Allow file access, cache acces, file upload and email exposure.

Security+ Domain 1 - Systems Security Flashcards - Cram.com

The theft of privileges or access to resources that a user is not authorized to possess.


Input: IOA (Input/output Adapter)

Output: Changes to input and output control and data signal voltages are functions of what device?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: To exchange information between equipment.

Output: What is the function of any I/O operation?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: Data Words

Output: What represents alphabetic and numeric information exchanged with computers?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: Control words

Output: What specifies an action to be accomplished by an external equipment?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: True

Output: The actual execution of chaining instructions is independent of the CPU? True of false

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: Direct Memory Access

Output: What does DMA stand for?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: Speed

Output: The main advantage of direct memory access is which of the following?


Input: False, the DMA will have priority.

Output: When the CPU and the DMA attempt to access main memory simultaneously, the CPU has priority.

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: Daisy chaining

Output: The technique used when more than one peripheral device is connected to a single port/channel is known by which of the following terms?

The I/O processor controls what transfers?


Input: tiny central core of an atom and is composed of protons and neutrons [What is an atom?]

Output: What is a nucleus?


Input: total number of protons and neutrons in an atom [What is an atom?]

Output: What is a mass number?


Input: atoms in the same element that have same # of protons but different #'s of neutrons [What is an atom?]

Output: What are isotopes?


Input: 15 E 7 [What is an atom?]

Output: What is an example of an isotope?


Input: total number of protons and neutrons [What is an atom?]

Output: What is an example of a mass number?


Input: the mass number [What is an atom?]

Output: What is the number on the top of an isotopic notation? ex:// 15 <--- E 7


Input: atomic number [What is an atom?]

Output: What is the number on the bottom of an isotopic notation? ex:// 15 E 7 <---


Input: neon-20 [What is an atom?]

Output: What is ANOTHER form of isotopic notation?


Input: Atomic Mass Unit [What is an atom?]

Output: What does amu stand for?


Input: relative mass of a standard reference isotope [What is an atom?]

Output: What is amu?


Input: weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occuring sample of the element [What is an atom?]

Output: What is atomic mass?


Input: amu x abundance [What is an atom?]

Output: How is atomic mass calculated?


Input: group/family no [What is an atom?]

Output: In a periodic table, what are columns called? Is this the energy level?


Input: periods, yes [What is an atom?]

Output: In a periodic table, what are rows called? Is this the energy level?


Input: ~400 B.C. ~atomic philosophy-atoms r solid particles that r indivisible and indestructable [What is an atom?]

Output: In _______ Democritus discovered/described ______.


Input: ~1803 ~transformed Democritus ideas on atoms into a scientific theory [What is an atom?]

Output: In ________ John Dalton discovered _______.


Input: ~1897 ~ electron [What is an atom?]

Output: In ______ JJ Thompson discovered ________.


Input: ~1891-1974 ~confirmed existence of neutron [What is an atom?]

Output: In ________ James Chadwick discovered ___________.


Input: ~1850-1930 ~ obsered cathode ray tube and found rays traveling opp. to cathode ray ---> composed of protons [What is an atom?]

Output: In __________ Eugene Goldstein discovered ________.


Input: JJ Thompson [What is an atom?]

Output: Who discovered the plum pudding model?


Input: atom is fillled with positively charged material is distributed and electrons were evenly distributed. [What is an atom?]

Output: Describe the plum pudding model?


Input: [1] abstract [2]

Output: complex, discusses intangible qualities like good/evil, seldom uses examples to support its points.

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] academic [2]

Output: describes style, means dry and theoretical writing

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] accent [2]

Output: stressed portion of a word

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] accusatory [2]

Output: containing or implying an accusation

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Adonis [2]

Output: in Greek mythology, a youth loved by Aphrodite for his beauty.

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] aesthetic/ aesthetics [2]

Output: appeals to the senses, a coherent sense of taste

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] allegory [2]

Output: story where each aspect has a symbolic meaning

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] amorphous [2]

Output: lacking definite shape or form, shapeless, formless

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] alliteration [2]

Output: repitition of consonant sounds

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] allusion [2]

Output: reference to another work/ gamous figure

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] anachronism [2]

Output: misplaced in time

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] analogy [2]

Output: comparison, involves 2 or more symbolic parts, used to clarify action/ relationship

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] anecdote [2]

Output: short narrative

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] anthropomorphism [2]

Output: when inanimate objects are given human characteristics

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] anticlimax [2]

Output: when action produces smaller results than one had been led to expect

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] antihero [2]

Output: main character who is unheroic

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] antithesis [2]

Output: direct contrast/ opinion

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] aphorism [2]

Output: short and usually witty saying

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] apostate [2]

Output: person who denies or foresakes earlier religious conviction

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] archaism [2]

Output: use of deliberately old fashioned language

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] artillary [2]

Output: mounted projectile firing guns or missile launchers

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] aside [2]

Output: speech (usually short comment) made by actor to audience, as if stepping out of action on stage

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] assonance [2]

Output: repeated use of vowel sounds

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] atmosphere [2]

Output: emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] balanced sentence [2]

Output: sentence comprised of two or more parallel clauses

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] ballad [2]

Output: a long, narrative poem, usually in very regular meter and rhyme. Has naive folksy quality.

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] bathos [2]

Output: pathos, evokes emotion (pity/ sympathy)

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] belies [2]

Output: to show to be false, to contradict

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] black humor [2]

Output: use of disturbing themes in comedy

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the study of the choices that people make to satisfy their needs and wants [1]

Output: economics

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] a person who studies the economic choices [1]

Output: economist

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the study of the choices made by economic actors such as households, companies, and individual markets. [1]

Output: microeconomics

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] examines the behavior of entire economies. [1]

Output: macroeconomics

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the people who decide to buy things [1]

Output: consumers

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the people who make things that satisfy consumers' needs and wants [1]

Output: producers

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] physical objects that can be purchased. [1]

Output: goods

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] actions or activities that are performed for a fee [1]

Output: services

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] anything that people use to make or obtain what they need or want [1]

Output: resource

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] resources that can be used to produce goods and services [1]

Output: factors of production

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] items provided by nature that can be used to produce goods and to provide services [1]

Output: natural resources

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] any human effort exerted during production [1]

Output: human resources

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the manufactured materials used to created products [1]

Output: capital resources

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the buildings, structures, machinery and tools used in the production process [1]

Output: capital good

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] a finished product that is consumed by an individual [1]

Output: consumer good

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the use of technical knowledge and methods to create new products or make existing products more efficiently [1]

Output: technology

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the combination of organizational abilities and risk taking involved in starting a new business or introducing a new product [1]

Output: entrepreneurship

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] a person who attempts to start a new business or introduce a new product-risking economic failure in return for the possibility of financial gain. [1]

Output: entrepreneur

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the most basic problem of economics that forces people to make decisions about how to use resources effectively [1]

Output: scarcity

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] distribute resources in orderto satisfy the greatest number of needs and wants [1]

Output: allocate

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the level of output that results from a given input [1]

Output: productivity

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the use of the smallest amount of resources to produce the greatest amount of output [1]

Output: efficiency

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] assigning a small number of tasks to each worker. [1]

Output: division of labor

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] allows each employee to work faster and and to produce a greater number of products [1]

Output: specialization

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the sacrifice of one good in order to purchase or produce another [1]

Output: trade-off

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the value of the next best alternative that is given up to obtain the preferred item [1]

Output: opportunity cost

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] shows all the possible combinations of two goods or services that can be produced within a stated time period [1]

Output: production possibilitie curve

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the process by which producers and consumers agree to provide one type of item in return for another [1]

Output: exchange

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the direct exchange of goods and services without the use of money [1]

Output: barter

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] any item that is readily accepted by people in return for goods and services [1]

Output: money

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] a form of exchange that allows consumers to use items with a promise of repayment over a specified time [1]

Output: credit

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the worth of a good or service for the purpose of exchange, expressed as the amount of money that a consumer is willing to pay for a good or service [1]

Output: value

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the usefulness of a good or service that contributes to its value [1]

Output: Utility

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the ability ro fullfill all of one's needs without assistance [1]

Output: self-sufficiency

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] the relationship of mutual reliance and influence among people, businesses, industries, regions, and nations [1]

Output: interdependence

Economics Chapter 1 vocabulary Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: ____________ is used to describe the biological differences that distinguish males from females, whereas ____________ denotes a social position.

Output: Sex/ Gender

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The study of gender is basically the study of how two spheres shape each other. What are the two spheres?

Output: Sex and Sexuality

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Essentialism explains ____________ phenomena in terms of ____________ ones.

Output: Social/ Natural

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to essentialists, men are more dominant in the scientific field because of what type of difference?

Output: Who they are in the natural world (biological difference)

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to Judith Lorber, differences between the sexes are not easy to explain because gender isn’t natural, but rather is _____________

Output: A Social Institution

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Bob and Sue paint their baby’s room pink as soon as they find out that they are having a girl. They are beginning to provide the baby with what?

Output: Gender role

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which theoretical perspective assumed that every society had certain structures that existed to fulfill some set of necessary functions?

Output: Structural Functionalism

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to Parsons, the nuclear family is the ideal arrangement in modern societies because it fulfills the function of reproducing workers and the division of labor insures a stable society. What did Parson call this theory?

Output: Sex Role Theory

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Feminist psychoanalyst Nancy Chodorow believes that if men share mothering with women, ____________ relationships are possible.

Output: Egalitarian

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which theoretical perspective argues that gender is a product of interactions and is a matter of active doing?

Output: Microinteractonist Theories

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Patricia Hill Collins claims that gender intersects with race, class, nation, and religion. Which group has made the case that the early liberal feminism was largely by, about, and for white middle-class women?

Output: Black Feminists

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which group argues that sexuality in America is an expression of the unequal power balance between men and women?

Output: Marxist Feminists

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: French philosopher Michel Foucault argued that there is no presocial or natural body. In other words, the body is “in the grip” of _______________

Output: Cultural Practices

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Foucault believed that the change in the view of homosexuality to one of ____________ was a result of the government trying to assert power over its people.

Output: Interior androgyny

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Until 1973, the American Psychiatric Association and the American Psychological Association listed homosexuality as __________________

Output: Mental Disorder

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Opponents of gay and lesbian couples claim that homosexuality is “unnatural” because they believe sex should only be about ______________

Output: Reproduction

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Although women now outnumber men in terms of college enrollment, men still dominate which fields?

Output: Finance, law, and politics

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Jobs that have been feminized, such as teaching or secretarial work, are also called _______________

Output: Pink collar

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What term refers to the invisible barriers women face when they enter more prestigious corporate worlds?

Output: Glass Ceiling

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: When token men enter feminized jobs, they enjoy a quicker rise to the leadership positions. This is referred to as _______________

Output: Glass Escalator

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Race is not a fixed biological or natural reality; rather, it is___________________

Output: Is a social construction.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which act formalized the exclusive definition of whiteness by imposing immigration restrictions based on a national origins quota system that limited the yearly number of immigrants from each country?

Output: Immigration Act of 1924

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What term refers to the belief that members of separate races possess different and unequal traits?

Output: Racism

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Racist thinking is characterized by the belief that ______________________

Output: Members of separate races possess different and unequal human traits.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: In the nineteenth-century, theories of race moved from religious-based racism to______________

Output: Scientific Based Racism

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Phrenology refers to

Output: Using differences in head formation as a basis for cataloging variation in race.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Social Darwinism was the evolutionary notion of __________________

Output: “Survival of the Fittest”

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What group believed that humans were one species, united under God?

Output: Monogenists

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which group believed that different races were distinct species?

Output: Polygenists

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which group did Darwin side with, claiming that the notion of different species of humans was absurd?

Output: Monogenists

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What term refers to a pseudoscience of genetic lines and the inheritable traits they pass on from generation to generation?

Output: Eugenics

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Nativists believed that restricting the immigration of certain groups would _________________

Output: 1. Protect and preserve indigenous land or culture from so-called dangerous and polluting effects of new immigrants.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Miscegenation refers to____________________

Output: Interracial marriage

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson upheld _____________

Output: The Jim Crow system of segregation

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The genetic variation that corresponds with geographic origins is much ____________ than people commonly believe.

Output: Less

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Most Arabs in the United States are not Muslim but ____________, and about 20% of the U.S. Muslims are ____________.

Output: Christian/ African American

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: About 35% of Muslims worldwide were born in _______________

Output: America

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Compared with 11% of the U.S. population as a whole, around 33% of Native Americans die before age _______________

Output: 45

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to your text, which issues plague Native Americans as a whole?

Output: Lowest average socioeconomic status

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The majority of the Latinos in the United States come from ____________

Output: Mexico

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: In 1907, the United States barred immigration from what country, because its people were seen as a threat to the American-born labor force?

Output: China

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Asians have been applauded for their smooth assimilation and are referred to as _________________

Output: “Model minority”

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The legal or social practice of separating people on the basis of their race or ethnicity is referred to as:

Output: Segregation

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The Supreme Court’s landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education struck down what doctrine?

Output: Separate but equal

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Thoughts and feelings (usually negative) about an ethnic or racial group are referred to as _________

Output: Prejudice

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Your text defines poverty as a condition of deprivation due to ____________

Output: Economic circumstances

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Some policy experts believe that welfare creates more problems than it solves because it discourages people from finding work. This is also known as _________________

Output: Perverse Incentives

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to the culture of poverty theory, what happens once survival adaptations are in place?

Output: 1. They take on a life of their own and they hold poor people back when they are no longer advantageous

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to Daniel Patrick Moynihan, what is the root cause of African Americans’ economic problems?

Output: The cultural arrangement of the black family is the cause, not the effect, of African-American economic problems.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What do policy experts mean by the terms perverse incentives and unintended consequences?

Output: Pervasive incentives are reward structures that lead to suboptimal outcomes by stimulating counterproductive behavior. Unintended consequences are the result of a policy that was not anticipated fully at the time of implementation- particularly outcomes that are counter to the intentions of the policymakers.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to the underclass thesis, the poor are ____________

Output: 1. Not only different form the mainstream society in their inability to take advantage of what mainstream society has to offer, but also are increasingly deviant, and even dangerous to the rest of us.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which program shifted more of the responsibility of running welfare programs onto individual states and mandated time limits for the number of months a person can receive aid?

Output: The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA)

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act is also referred to as:

Output: “The end of welfare as we know it.”

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Hernstein and Murray argued that there is a relationship between high IQ and ______________

Output: Genes

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: A study of Cherokee children whose income greatly increased due to legalized gambling on reservations found ______________

Output: Within the 14% of Cherokee families that were lifted out of poverty, the children’s behavioral problems decreased, largely as a result of the additional time that parents now had to supervise their children.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What term describes the measurement of poverty where a household’s income falls below the necessary level to purchase food to physically sustain its members?

Output: Absolute poverty

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Molly Orshansky used the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s recommendations for the minimum amount of healthy food, estimated the cost for a variety of family types, and multiplied this figure by a factor of three to measure __________________

Output: The poverty line

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: When the official poverty line was first set, food made up the largest percentage of household budgets. In today’s society, what now makes up the largest percentage?

Output: Housing

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Income-based measurements are deceptive because they hide the real influence of ____________

Output: Significant variation in family wealth levels.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Which nation has one of the highest poverty rates in the advanced world?

Output: The United States

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: According to your text, what drives American poverty rates?

Output: Timing, institutional structure, culture history, and race.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What method is usually used to evaluate poverty?

Output: The traditional income-based poverty measure.

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: What population was Oscar Lewis studying when he coined the term “culture of poverty”?

Output: The poor

Accorded equal opportunities and respect.


Input: Computer-USB cable-Digital Camera

Output: Sketch and annotate a diagram showing the three pieces of hardware required to transfer images from a digital camera to a computer

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: Hard Drive/ Usb Stick/Memory Card or any appropriate answer

Output: Name 2 commonly used pieces of hardware for backing up image files.

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: Thumbnail View

Output: In an operating system which viewing mode is used to display small versions of image files?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: Removes dust and scratches

Output: What does infrared scanning do on a modern scanner?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: Changes the colour of the red area

Output: In reality, what does the red eye removal feature in software actually do?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: They can be compressed but still retain a high quality

Output: Why are JPEG images suitable for Web Pages?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: They are uncompressed so retain a high quality

Output: Why are TIFF images suitable for printing?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: They have not been processed before being saved

Output: Why are RAW files the most versatile format for editing in a graphics editor?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: Many images can be compressed into one file

Output: How can zip files be useful when transferrring many image files?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: To reduce the file size

Output: Briefly state why it is desirable to use a compressed image format

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: When the flash is seen reflected against the background

Output: What is a “hot spot” when using flash photography?

Digital Photography Assessment 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What are the three common main viewing modes on a digital camera?


Input: [Spica Cast] Body Jacket Cast

Output: Cast that encircles trunk.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Infection Neurovascular compromise Compartment Syndrome Fat Embolism Hazards of immobility Disuse Syndrome (muscle atrophy)

Output: 6 Complications of Casts

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Plaster should not get wet, 24-72hr to completely dry. Padding should not be removed. No foreign objects inside cast Elevate & Ice first 24 hours Avoid covering for long periods Active ROM above and below. Smooth rough edges.

Output: Cast Care & Patient Education

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Turn patient q2h to promote drying and distribute pressure. 3 people to turn; never use abductor bar. Skin assessment every shift. Prone, twice daily if possible Elimination Cast syndrome (partial or complete upper intestinal obstruction)

Output: Spica Cast Care

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Abdominal pain & distention, N/V, and decreased bowel sounds.

Output: Cast Syndrome S/s

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Gastric decompression with NG tube. Cast my need to be bivalved or removed.

Output: Cast Syndrome Treatment

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] X-ray to confirm healing Skin care (re-casting=do not wash; else wash and oil to remove dead skin) Physical Therapy PRN

Output: Post Cast Removal Care

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Traction

Output: Mechanical force (sometimes generated by weights and pulleys) to put tension on a displaced bone or joint, such as a dislocated shoulder, to put it back in position and keep it still

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Skin - 48-72hr, 5-10lbs, Buck's & Russell Skeletal - pins, screws, wires, through bone. 5 - 45lbs

Output: Two Types of Traction

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Patient in correct alignment Traction is continuous unless DR ordered Counter traction is maintained continuously All ropes must move freely Rope knots never touch pulley Ropes clear of linens & other. Weights hang freely at all times. Skeletal traction must never be released

Output: 8 Principles of Traction

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Skin breakdown Muscle Weakness / Atrophy Constipation / Anorexia Isolation Pain / Infection Neurovascular compromise Atelectasis / Pneumonia Urinary stasis Venous Thromboembolism

Output: 9 Traction Complications

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] External Fixation

Output: Used when internal fixation is contraindicated- often to treat open fractures or when a cast would not allow proper alignment of the fracture

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Pin Care Never adjust hardware Never use device to move extremity Encourage isometric activity Disturbed body image May still need cast.

Output: Nursing Care: External Fixation

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Open Reduction with Internal Fixation (ORIF)

Output: Surgical treatment of fracture using pins, screws, rods, plates or prosthesis to stabilize. Permits early mobilization.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Head, Neck, Trochanter

Output: 3 Locations of Hip Fractures

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Inability to move leg except with severe pain. Externally rotated Shortening. Decreased ROM

Output: 4 Hip Fracture S/s

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Buck's traction until surgery ORIF Femur head fracture = prosthesis (total hip replacement)

Output: 3 Treatments for Hip Fractures

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Treat chronic health problems Treat pain Education (use of trapeze, exercise chair transfers, discharge plans)

Output: Pre-Op Care of Hip Fracture

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] First 24 - 48h relieve pain and prevent complications. Coughing and deep breathing Foot flexion q1-2h Compression socks Low dose heparin IV antibiotics I&O Abduction and alignment Neurovascular checks

Output: Post-Op Care of Hip Fracture

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Relieve pain Improve or maintain ROM Correct deformity

Output: 3 Indications for Arthroplasty

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] High Protein High Calorie Vitamins B & C Calcium Iron for anemia

Output: Hip Fracture Nutrition

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] No adduction 4-6 weeks Weight bearing status No flexion > 90 degrees Chair: slide forward, push up, affect leg forward Use higher chairs / toilets Avoid internal & external rotation Sleeping position Sex position

Output: Total Hip Replacement: Monitoring for Dislocation

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Pain at surgical site, swelling and immobilization Acute groin pain Shortening Abnormal internal or external rotation Inability to move leg or restricted Popping sensation

Output: Total Hip Replacement: Dislocation S/s

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Fat Embolism Venous Thromboembolism Compartment Syndrome Infection

Output: 4 Immediate Complication of Fractures

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Malunion Delayed union Non-union Avascular necrosis Chronic Osteomyelitis

Output: Late Complications of Fractures

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Fat Embolism (FES)

Output: Occurs when fat is released into the blood from bone marrow and tissue; trapped in lung capillaries; edema & hemorrhage in alveoli impair O2 transport - hypoxia

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Acute Respiratory Failure Neurological Dysfunction (pt becomes confused) Petechial Rash (conjunctiva, inner cheeks, neck and axilla)

Output: Fat Embolism: Triad of Symptoms

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Prevention Support Respiratory System High Fowlers High concentration O2 Corticosteroids (decrease lung inflammation & cerebral edema)

Output: Fat Embolism: Treatment

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Venous Thromboembolism

Output: Emboli originates in venous system or right side of heart; dislodges causing infarction of lung tissue due to decreased blood supply. Most common cause of death immediate post-op. May also occur after pelvis, hip or femur fracture.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Depends on size of thrombi Labored or rapid breathing Tachycardia Pallor / Cyanosis Chest Pain Confusion Impending doom

Output: Venous Thrombosis S/s

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] ABGs ECG VQ Scan Venous doppler

Output: Venous Thrombosis: Diagnosis

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Prevention Hydration Passive ROM Ambulation ASAP Stockings Compression devices Anticoagulant

Output: Venous Thrombosis: Treatment

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] 0 - 10 mmHg

Output: Expected range of compartmental pressure.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Acute Compartmental Syndrome (ACS)

Output: Compression from surrounding tissue (internal), cast or traction (external). Ischemia can occur 4-8 hours. Limb can become useless 24-48 hours. 30mmHg or higher

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Malunion

Output: When bone union occurs with the fragments in a deformed or improper position, Usually result of inadequate reduction & immobilization. If severe, may need to manually or surgically manipulate & re-immobilize

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Delayed Union

Output: A fracture slow to heal but does demonstrate some calcification.Caused by infection, inadequate immobilization or reduction, inadequate blood supply, metabolic disturbances.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Non-union

Output: Repair of fracture stops & no further union after 9 months. Space between fragments too large, muscle or fascia between fragments, callus torn from activity, inadequate blood supply.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Prevention & recognition Extremity not raised above heart Ice packs Bivalve cast Surgical decompression (fasciotomy

Output: Acute Compartment Syndrome: Treatment

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Allograft

Output: A transplant from one person to another, but not an identical twin.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Autograft

Output: Tissue transplanted from one part of the body to another in the same individual.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Osteomyelitis

Output: Common infection with open fractures; most common organism is Staph aureaus, S/s recurrent fevers, pain, poor incision healing, continued wound drainage. Treatment is antibiotics, possible removal of hardware

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Gas Gangrene

Output: Develops 3-4 days after injury; anaerobic bacteria; infection breaks down tissue causing gas.

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Avascular Necrosis

Output: Bone loses blood supply from infection or fracture. common with femoral head / neck fracture; treatment is replacement of dead bone naturally by body or prosthesis

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Spica Cast] Identify complication Patient education Treat complications

Output: General Nursing Management of Fracture Complications

NKU NRS250 - Orthopedics *Part 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Encases portions of one or two extremities; consists of a body jacket cast and a long leg cast.


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Output: Comprehensive legislation that is designed to protect indivicuals with disabilities against discrimination

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

Output: A device that detects treatable life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

Output: A system of internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD)

Output: A system that assists dispatchers in selecting appropriate units to respond to a particular call for assistance and in providing callers with vital instructions until the arrival of EMS crews

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Emergency medical services (EMS)

Output: A multidisciplinary system that represents the combined efforts of several professionals and agencies to provide prehospital emergency care to the sick and injured

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Emergency medical technician (EMT)

Output: A medical professional who is trained and certified/licensed by his or her state to provide emergency life support prior to or with more advanced medical providers

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] EMT-Basic (EMT-B)

Output: An EMT who has training in basic life support, including automated external defibrillation, use of a definitive airway adjunct, and assisting patients with certain medications

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] EMT-Intermediate (EMT-I)

Output: An EMT who has training in specific aspects of advanced life support, such as IV therapy, interpretation of cardiac rhythms and defibrillation, and orotracheal intubation

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] EMT-Paramedic (EMT-P)

Output: An EMT who has extensive training in advanced life support, including IV therapy, pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] First Responder

Output: The first trained individual, such as a police officer, fire fighter, lifeguard, or other rescuer, to arrive at the scene of an emergency to provide initial medical assistance

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Output: Federal legislation passed in 1996. Its main effect in EMS is in limiting availability of patients' health care information and penalizing violations of patient privacy

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Intravenous (IV) Therapy

Output: The delivery of medication directly into a vein

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Medical Control

Output: Physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Medical Director

Output: The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMTG the authority to provide medical care in the field

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Primary Service Area (PSA)

Output: The designated area in which the EMS service is responsible for the provision of prehospital emergency care and transportation to the hospital

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] Quality Control

Output: The responsibility of the medical director to ensure that the appropriate medical care standards are met by EMT-B's on each call.

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] What colour orange is on Ambulances?

Output: Omaha Orange

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] What governmental department oversees the EMS program?

Output: Department of Transportation

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [Advanced Life Support (ALS)] What is the Golden Hour?

Output: The time from which the incident occers to the time at which the patient is in continuing-care facility

Emergency Care and Transport of the Sick and Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards - Cram.com

Advanced lifesaving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT-B


Input: [1] lawsuits [2]

Output: or caes in which a court is asked to settle a dispute


Input: [1] compensation [2]

Output: or being made whole for harm caused by another person acts


Input: [1] damages [2]

Output: wjith means money that is paid in an effort to make up for a loss


Input: [1] equity [2]

Output: the use of general rules of fairness to settle conflicts


Input: [1] injunction [2]

Output: an order to do or not do a certaion act


Input: [1] contracts [2]

Output: or legal agreements between buyers and sellers


Input: [1] complaint [2]

Output: a legal document that charges someone with having caused harm


Input: [1] answer [2]

Output: in defendant written response to a complaint


Input: [1] summons [2]

Output: an order to appear in court


Input: [1] discovery [2]

Output: the process of gathering evidence before a trial


Input: [1] subpoena [2]

Output: a court order to produce a withness or document


Input: [1] deposition [2]

Output: the record of answers to questions asked of a withness before a trial


Input: [1] mediation [2]

Output: is a process by which people agree to use a third party to help them settle a conflit


Input: [1] arbitration [2]

Output: the use of a third person to make a legal decision that is binding on all parties


Input: [1] small claims court [2]

Output: is a civil court that people use when the amount of money they want to recover is small usually no more then 3, 000


Input: a negotiated payment that is less than the providers normal rate [fee for service]

Output: discounted fee for service

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a payment based on statistical data rather than individual costs of services [fee for service]

Output: prospective payment

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: where an md gets paid for each individual patient wether seen or not usually on a monthly basis for being their pcp [fee for service]

Output: capitation

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: where an insurance company attempts to cover the greatest number of people for the lowest possible costs. [fee for service]

Output: assumption of risk

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: where thr patient pays up front then sends bills to insurance company for reimbursement. [fee for service]

Output: indemnity

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the amount of expenses the patient is required to pay before the insurance reimburses. [fee for service]

Output: deductable

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: where the insurance company contracts with md's to provide services to their subscribers with the ins. co. making the decisions as to what is appropriate care and what is not, not what the md decides [fee for service]

Output: managed care

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: where tha insurer is both the payer and the provider and requires the pt to use their network or pay the full costs [fee for service]

Output: health maintenance organization(hmo)

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: is a hybrid of indemnity and hmo where there are different levels of coverage based on the network the patient chooses [fee for service]

Output: preferred provider organization

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: also known as a flexible benefit account and is a savings account type program where the pt or their employer putso much money aside for medical costs. [fee for service]

Output: self-insurance

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: is the patient name, address, place of employment, phone number e.t.c. needed for distinguishing them from another patient and future contact. [fee for service]

Output: demographic data

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an individual's marital status, education level, and personal habits [fee for service]

Output: socioeconomic data

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the information needed to generate reimbursement for services given [fee for service]

Output: financial data

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: is comprised of all the data regarding a patient's health including diagnosis and procedures. [fee for service]

Output: clinical data

health information tech Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: use in place of conventional medicine [complementary]

Output: alternative


Input: why do people seek alternative therapy [complementary]

Output: people think safer because natural, they don't require RX, a lot of hear say of what works for them (anecdotal testimony)


Input: what is homeopathic medicine [complementary]

Output: bases on like cures like, small highly diluted quantities can cure, may be prepared from botanical, zoologic, or pharmacologic agents


Input: what is the regulatory status of homeopathic remedies [complementary]

Output: they are not regulated under DSHEA, they can be RX or OTC,


Input: what is the homeopathy nomeclature and OTC labeling [complementary]

Output: are required to have ingredient list, instructions for safe use, instructions for safe use, must be a self limiting conditions


Input: what is not required on labeling [complementary]

Output: expiration date


Input: how do you determine the dilutions [complementary]

Output: dilutions of 1/10 = "X" (1X=1/10, 2X=1/100)


Input: dilution of 1/100 would read [complementary]

Output: C 1C=1/100


Input: what about the clinical evidence [complementary]

Output: the evidence results are mixed and inconsistent but very likely to be safe


Input: what about bias against homeopathy [complementary]

Output: english language journals generally show homeopathy to be ineffective so probably won't find in journals. doesn't mean not good study


Input: is a herbal/botanical medicine a drug [complementary]

Output: in the US herbals are regulated under DSHEA


Input: German Commission E what is it [complementary]

Output: established by German Federal Health agency evaluates the safety and efficacy of herbs through clinical trials and cases that are published in scientific literature


Input: you want to make sure when using herbs what [complementary]

Output: what part of the plant was used


Input: Natural medicines comprehensive database rates what [complementary]

Output: evidence and safety


Input: The natural standards website out of boston also rate [complementary]

Output: efficacy but not safety


Input: womens health and botanicals: [complementary]

Output: 4 listed in slide


Input: What is another name for black cohosh? [complementary]

Output: cimicifuga racemosa


Input: what is the MOA of black cohosh [complementary]

Output: like estrogen and evidence is for menopause. preliminary evdience with 5HT


Input: When would you not recommend black cohosh [complementary]

Output: pregnancy, safety with breast or uterine cancer should be avoided. avoid tomoxifen


Input: what is the efficacy associated with black cohosh [complementary]

Output: possibly effective with remifenmin to relief menopausal symptoms similar to estrogen


Input: what are some things to know about chastetree berry [complementary]

Output: interaction with oral contraceptive, possibly effective with PMDD and PMS


Input: What to know about primrose oil [complementary]

Output: NOT FOR PMS, potenially helpfuly for atopic dermatitis and eczema, interactions with warfarin or antiplatelet effects, not much good efficacy in trial


Input: What to know about SOY [complementary]

Output: phytoestrogens, SOY, works as estrogen or antiestrogenic, antioxidant, evidence for hyperlipidemia and menopausal symptoms, don't use with breast cancer or tamoxifen, good source of protein, conflicting evidence as where to get SOY food or sources, know for menopausal symptoms


Input: what are the 3 NT that play a role [complementary]

Output: 5HT, dopamin, NE


Input: what is the latin name for St. johns wort [complementary]

Output: hypericum perforatum


Input: what is MOA of ST. johns wort [complementary]

Output: 5HT, norepinephrine and dopamine


Input: what about the evidence for St. johns wort [complementary]

Output: mild to moderate depression, not good evidence for everything else


Input: what to tell patients for St. johns wort [complementary]

Output: photosensitivity, abrupt D/c get withdrawal symptoms, don't recommend with pregnant/breast feeding or other psych diorder


Input: what is the interaction with St. john worts [complementary]

Output: INDUCER of cyp3A4, may also induce cyp1a2 and 2c9, OC and warfarin, cyclosporine, digoxin, and statins


Input: what is the dosing and problems [complementary]

Output: 300mg tid, standard mg, depression don't want them self treating need cognitive therapy, drug interactions, less evidence than conventional med, have to take 3 times daily


Input: what is SAMe [complementary]

Output: used for depression and osteoarthritis


Input: what about the efficacy for SAMe [complementary]

Output: efficacy similar for tri-cyclic, may take longer to work for arthritis than stardard


Input: what are the problems [complementary]

Output: cost


Input: what is 5-HTP [complementary]

Output: uses are depression and tension-type headaches


Input: what about the 5HTP safety [complementary]

Output: lots of concern about safety and since similar to 5HT interaction


Input: what two NT are associate with imbalance in anxiety [complementary]

Output: NE and 5HT


Input: what is KAVA used for [complementary]

Output: anxiety


Input: what about safety [complementary]

Output: may be unsafe but not officially pulled but really can't find. associated with hepatotoxicity. there is evidence but safety makes it not a good product to recommend


Input: study from slide on page 11 [complementary]

Output: agents for weight loss


Input: what about ephedra [complementary]

Output: very effective but safety concern. removed from market


Input: what about dextrim [complementary]

Output: pheylpropanolamine, pulled from market


Input: should you use st john wort or 5HTP for weight loss [complementary]

Output: no st john for evidence and no for 5HTP for safety


Input: how does HOODIA work [complementary]

Output: works by appetite suppressant enhancing sensation of satiety


Input: ephedrine [complementary]

Output: can buy over the counter for asthma but is dangerous for weight loss


Input: what is citrus aurantium [complementary]

Output: increases HR, AKA green orange, evidence used alone is not good but with other may be some evidence. similar to ephedra, with over dose can cause MI and stroke, interactions with Grapefruit juice


Input: how would you want to advice against citrus aurantium [complementary]

Output: hypertension and cardio vascular


Input: what about green ten [complementary]

Output: stimulation has caffeine and polyphenols


Input: what are caffeine like products [complementary]

Output: guarana, green tea, and mate


Input: [2] complex, discusses intangible qualities like good/evil, seldom uses examples to support its points. [1]

Output: abstract

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] describes style, means dry and theoretical writing [1]

Output: academic

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] stressed portion of a word [1]

Output: accent

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] containing or implying an accusation [1]

Output: accusatory

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] in Greek mythology, a youth loved by Aphrodite for his beauty. [1]

Output: Adonis

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [2] appeals to the senses, a coherent sense of taste [1]

Output: aesthetic/ aesthetics

2011-2012 AP English Vocab 1 Flashcards - Cram.com