Input: An adults has a larger respiratory capacity than an infant. Which of the following best explains this capacity difference? [Intrapleural]

Output: An adult has a larger thorax The adult lung is stretched to fill the thorax

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which of the following best describes the rate of respiration for a newborn infant? [Intrapleural]

Output: 40–70 breaths per minute

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: _______pressure and alveolar pressure are equivalent if the vocal folds are adducted. [Intrapleural]

Output: subglottal

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: he rate of flow of respiration is measured using ____________ [Intrapleural]

Output: spirometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Contraction of the abdominal muscles causes a(n)_____Correctincrease of alveolar pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: increase

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air that remains in the lungs after forceful and complete expiration [Intrapleural]

Output: residual volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air that is inspired and expelled in one cycle of quiet breathing [Intrapleural]

Output: resting tidal volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The air that includes tidal inspiration and inspiratory reserve volume [Intrapleural]

Output: inspiratory capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air that can be inspired after a tidal inspiration [Intrapleural]

Output: inspiratory reserve volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air that can be expired after a tidal expiration [Intrapleural]

Output: expiratory reserve volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The air that includes tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume [Intrapleural]

Output: vital capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A single cycle of quiet tidal volume will involve approximately_____cc of air for the average adult female [Intrapleural]

Output: 450

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Abdominal muscles are involved in ________ expiration. [Intrapleural]

Output: forced

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air remaining in the lungs following complete expiration, on average, is _______cc. [Intrapleural]

Output: 1,100

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Respiratory capacity is measured using __________? [Intrapleural]

Output: Spirometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Above this point, the chest wall recoil will have no effect on alveolar pressure [Intrapleural]

Output: 55% of vital capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: pressure and intraoral pressure and alveolar pressure are equivalent if the vocal folds are open. [Intrapleural]

Output: sub glottal pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Component responsible for relaxation pressures generated below 38% of vital capacity [Intrapleural]

Output: lung elasticity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Predominantly generates positive pressures above 38% of vital capacity in the relaxation pressure curve [Intrapleural]

Output: chest wall recoil

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: At relaxation of the muscles of inspiration and expiration, the proportion that remains in the lungs [Intrapleural]

Output: 38% of vital capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: describes what happens during inspiration? [Intrapleural]

Output: The muscles of the abdomen relax, allowing expansion of the diaphragm into the abdominal space.

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: How does the respiratory cycle differ between adults, babies, and children? [Intrapleural]

Output: Adults: 12- 18 cycles/min. Newborns: 40 - 70 cycles/min 5 yr old: 25 cycles/min 15 yr old: 20 cycles/min

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Compression of results in reduction of lung volume [Intrapleural]

Output: abdomen

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Type of expiration that requires muscular effort [Intrapleural]

Output: active

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Refers to the actual movement of air within the conducting respiratory pathway [Intrapleural]

Output: ventilation

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Twisting of a shaft while one end of the shaft does not move [Intrapleural]

Output: torquing

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The amount of air that can be exhaled following tidal expiration, on average, is [Intrapleural]

Output: 1,000cc

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The combination of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume [Intrapleural]

Output: inspiratory capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The combination of expiratory reserve volume and residual volume [Intrapleural]

Output: functional residual capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The combination of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume [Intrapleural]

Output: vital capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The combination of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume [Intrapleural]

Output: total lung capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: ______capacity is the combination of inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and tidal volume. [Intrapleural]

Output: vital

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: In respiration, what structures undergoes torquing? [Intrapleural]

Output: Chondral portion of rib

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The pressure that can be measured within the mouth is called _______l pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: intraoral

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: is a term meaning “surface-active solution.” [Intrapleural]

Output: surfactant

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The positive side of the relaxation-pressure curve represents the forces of elastic tissue. [Intrapleural]

Output: restoring

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the primary purpose of respiration? [Intrapleural]

Output: Provides the means of gas exchange between an organism and its environment

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Contraction of the external intercostal muscles causes a(n) (increase/decrease) of alveolar pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: decrease

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: When the diaphragm contracts, intrapleural pressure becomes (more/less) negative. [Intrapleural]

Output: more

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Flow is measured in [Intrapleural]

Output: cubic centimeters per minute.

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A single cycle of quiet tidal volume will involve approximately _______cc of air for the average adult. [Intrapleural]

Output: 525

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Contraction of the diaphragm causes a(n) _____ of alveolar pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: decrease

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Respiratory volume is measured using what? [Intrapleural]

Output: Spirometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which is the minute volume for quiet tidal respiration, on average? [Intrapleural]

Output: 6,000 cc

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The reference pressure for measurement of respiratory pressures is _________ pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: atmospheric

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: resting tidal volume/ expiratory reserve volume/ residual volume/ inspiratory reserve volume (biggest to smallest) E. total lung capacity F. vital capacity [Intrapleural]

Output: total lung capacity> vital capacity> inspiratory reserve volume> residual volume> expiratory reserve volume> resting tidal volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: During expiration, intraoral pressure is (negative/positive) relative to atmospheric pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: positive

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What has high elasticity? [Intrapleural]

Output: cartilage & lungs

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles causes a(n) (increase/decrease) of alveolar pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: increase

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: During inspiration, intraoral pressure is (negative/positive) relative to atmospheric pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: negative

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Which of the following refers to twisting of a shaft while one end of the shaft remains fixed and does not move? [Intrapleural]

Output: troque

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: capacity is the total of inspiratory _______= reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and residual volume. [Intrapleural]

Output: total lung capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: __________is the volume that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration. [Intrapleural]

Output: inspiratory reserve volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The pressure that can be measured beneath the level of the vocal folds is pressure. [Intrapleural]

Output: sub glottal

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air that can be inhaled, on average, following tidal inspiration is _________cc. [Intrapleural]

Output: 2,475

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Excessive oxygenation of blood [Intrapleural]

Output: hyperventilation

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Inadequate oxygenation of blood [Intrapleural]

Output: hypoxia

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Resting lung volume [Intrapleural]

Output: 38% of vital capacity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Muscles used to impede outflow of air during expiration [Intrapleural]

Output: muscles of inspiration

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Use of musculature to impede the outflow of air in expiration [Intrapleural]

Output: checking action

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What group of muscles is involved in actively torquing elements of the rib cage? [Intrapleural]

Output: Thoracic

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the term for the air that cannot be expelled during expiration? [Intrapleural]

Output: residual volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What describes what happens when the lungs expand? [Intrapleural]

Output: Expansion of the thorax- the lungs to expand as a function of the negative intrapleural pressure between the parietal and visceral pleurae.

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: describe the rate of respiration for an adult. [Intrapleural]

Output: 12–18 breaths per minute

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What is the approximate number of respiratory cycles per minute in quiet tidal respiration of an adult? [Intrapleural]

Output: 12

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What forces cause the rib cage to return to resting position following torquing of the rib-cage elements [Intrapleural]

Output: gravity & elasticity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: describe the difference between volumes and capacities [Intrapleural]

Output: Capacities refer to combinations of volumes that express physiological limits. Volumes are discrete, whereas capacities represent functional combinations of volumes.

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The volume of air remaining in the lungs following complete expiration is termed . [Intrapleural]

Output: residual volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: By what age do the lungs have their full complement of alveoli? [Intrapleural]

Output: 8 years

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Pressure that never becomes positive during life [Intrapleural]

Output: intrapleural pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Pressure that is measured below the level of the vocal folds [Intrapleural]

Output: subglottal pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: At resting lung volume, pressure that is negative [Intrapleural]

Output: Intrapleural pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The reference pressure for respiratory pressure measurements [Intrapleural]

Output: atmospheric pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Pressure that is equal to intraoral pressure and subglottal pressure if the vocal folds are open [Intrapleural]

Output: Intrapleural pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Pressure that is equal to atmospheric pressure if the vocal folds are closed and the mouth is open [Intrapleural]

Output: intraoral pressure

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: What refers to the gas exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane? [Intrapleural]

Output: Perfusion

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Approximately how many cubic centimeters of air are exchanged during quiet tidal respiration, on average? [Intrapleural]

Output: 500

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The term refers to combinations of volumes to express physiological limits. [Intrapleural]

Output: capacities

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Atmospheric pressure is approximately _______mm Hg [Intrapleural]

Output: 760

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: _________ capacity is the total of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume. [Intrapleural]

Output: inspiratory

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Respiratory pressure is measured using which of the following? [Intrapleural]

Output: Manometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Change that occurs to the resistance to airflow within the respiratory passageway as a result of turbulence [Intrapleural]

Output: increases

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Form of inspiration that requires use of the diaphragm and accessory muscles of inspiration [Intrapleural]

Output: forced

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Used to measure respiratory pressure [Intrapleural]

Output: manometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Used to measure respiratory volume [Intrapleural]

Output: spirometer

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Form of expiration that does not require muscular contraction [Intrapleural]

Output: passive

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The amount of air we breathe during a respiratory cycle is referred to as . [Intrapleural]

Output: tidal volume

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Make up the exchange unit for respiration [Intrapleural]

Output: alveoli

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Muscles of inspiration pull on this structure [Intrapleural]

Output: thorax

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A force of both inspiration and expiration [Intrapleural]

Output: elasticity

Respiration - Physiology Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] What addresses the question "what should I do in this situation?" [2]

Output: Ethics

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] _______ are ideals, beliefs, customs mode of conduct or goals. [2]

Output: Values

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] _____ _____ flows from values held by an individual that develop over time. [2]

Output: Personal ethics

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] ____ the ability to allow clients to independently to make decisions. [2]

Output: Autonomy

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] _____ information given to the client must be truthful. [2]

Output: Veracity

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] _____ the nurse's moral obligation to treat people fairly, without prejudice. [2]

Output: Justice

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] ______ endorses the theory of self-ownership, privacy and freedom. The patient expects the right will not be violated by the nurse. [2]

Output: Confidentiality

Ethics for NAC 1 Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [Agency by Agreement] Agency by Ratification

Output: -someone who is not an agent comes into the equation -contract entered into by non agent helps principal -if principal says no- NO AGENCY -if principal says YES- principal becomes bound to contract

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] Agency by Apparent Authority

Output: -actual authority does not exist -third party can bind principal to actions of another if the third party believes they are an agent acting for the principal or the principal leads third party to believe the person is an agent through affirmation or not stopping agent from acting negligently

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] Agency by Operation of Law

Output: law creates or implies an agency relationship -used a lot of the time when there is an emergency or necessity

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] How do you terminate an Agency? ( 4 key subjects )

Output: -one of the parties no longer gives consent -mutual consent to end relationship -stated or reasonable time period elapses -by operation of law ( change in law, subject matter is destroyed, death or insane of principal OR agent, principal declares bankruptcy)

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] What are the 5 duties of Agents?

Output: Loyalty, Obedience + performance, Reasonable Care, Duty to Account, Duty to notify

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] What is a disclosed principal?

Output: principal known, third party knows about agency

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] What is a partially disclosed Principal?

Output: third party knows of agency but don't know of principal

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] What is an Undisclosed Principal?

Output: third party does not know a principal even exists

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [Agency by Agreement] What is false imprisonment?

Output: intentionally causing the confinement of another by: 1. physically restraining an individual 2. using threatening force against a person or their family in order to restrain 3. using threatening force against their property to restrain them 4. refusing to release when duty to do so exists

-can be written or oral -has both expressed and implied elements -one party can get out at any time but may be held responsible for certain things already done -implied powers can exist in cases of emergencies and to prevent injury


Input: [topography] 1.elevation 2.relief 3.landforms [the shape of the land_____]

Output: how is topography of an area determined


Input: [topography] elevation [the shape of the land_____]

Output: height above sea level of a point on the earths surface


Input: [topography] RELIEF [the shape of the land_____]

Output: difference of elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area


Input: [topography] landforms [the shape of the land_____]

Output: a feature of topography formed by the process that shape the earths surface


Input: [topography] landform region [the shape of the land_____]

Output: large area of land where the topography is similar


Input: [topography] 1.plains-coastal and interior 2. mountains 3.plateaus [the shape of the land_____]

Output: 3 main types of land form


Input: [topography] plains [the shape of the land_____]

Output: flat or gently rolling land with low relief (2 types of this)


Input: [topography] coastal plains [the shape of the land_____]

Output: lies along a sea coast eastern and southern. they have low elevation and low relief


Input: [topography] interior plains [the shape of the land_____]

Output: lies away from the coast. they have low relief and elevation.ex the great plains


Input: [topography] plateaus [the shape of the land_____]

Output: a land form that has high elevation with a level surface.they are usually cut by streams or rivers (grand canyon)


Input: [topography] 4 [the shape of the land_____]

Output: scientist divide the earth into how many spheres


Input: [topography] mountain range [the shape of the land_____]

Output: landforms with high elevation and high relief they usually occur as part of a _____


Input: [topography] shape , structure, and age [the shape of the land_____]

Output: a mountain range is a group of mountains that are closely related in ___,____,_____


Input: [topography] mountain system [the shape of the land_____]

Output: different mountain ranges in a region make up a________


Input: [topography] lithospere [the shape of the land_____]

Output: solid,rocky outer layer of earth surface


Input: [topography] island [the shape of the land_____]

Output: all land (even the ocean floors) made up the continents and smaller landmass


Input: [topography] atmosphere [the shape of the land_____]

Output: the outer most sphere it is a mixture of gases that surround the planet most abundant gases are nitrogen and oxygen


Input: [topography] hydrosphere [the shape of the land_____]

Output: ocean lakes river and ice


Input: [topography] biosphere [the shape of the land_____]

Output: all living thing in the air the water and in and on the land


Input: [topography] 1.core 2.mantle 3.crust 4.litosphere [the shape of the land_____]

Output: earth structures


Input: [topography] core [the shape of the land_____]

Output: solid inner made up of two elements nickle and iron


Input: [topography] mantle [the shape of the land_____]

Output: surrounds the core and it is the largest layer it is made of a hot but solid material


Input: [topography] crust [the shape of the land_____]

Output: top portion of the litosphere and is thin layer made up of rock


Input: [topography] the deparment of gelogy [the shape of the land_____]

Output: the modern science of geology was started by james huttun in the late 1700s


Input: [topography] geology [the shape of the land_____]

Output: study of solid earth


Input: [topography] uniformitarianism [the shape of the land_____]

Output: geologist process that operate today also operated in the past


Input: [topography] constructive and destructive [the shape of the land_____]

Output: 2 types of forces


Input: [topography] constructive [the shape of the land_____]

Output: shapes the surface by building up land areas anfd mountains


Input: [topography] destructive [the shape of the land_____]

Output: wears down mountains and every other feature on the surface


Input: [topography] topographic map [the shape of the land_____]

Output: shows the surface feature of an area


Input: -someone who is not an agent comes into the equation -contract entered into by non agent helps principal -if principal says no- NO AGENCY -if principal says YES- principal becomes bound to contract [Agency by Agreement]

Output: Agency by Ratification


Input: -actual authority does not exist -third party can bind principal to actions of another if the third party believes they are an agent acting for the principal or the principal leads third party to believe the person is an agent through affirmation or not stopping agent from acting negligently [Agency by Agreement]

Output: Agency by Apparent Authority


Input: law creates or implies an agency relationship -used a lot of the time when there is an emergency or necessity [Agency by Agreement]

Output: Agency by Operation of Law


Input: -one of the parties no longer gives consent -mutual consent to end relationship -stated or reasonable time period elapses -by operation of law ( change in law, subject matter is destroyed, death or insane of principal OR agent, principal declares bankruptcy) [Agency by Agreement]

Output: How do you terminate an Agency? ( 4 key subjects )


Input: Loyalty, Obedience + performance, Reasonable Care, Duty to Account, Duty to notify [Agency by Agreement]

Output: What are the 5 duties of Agents?


Input: principal known, third party knows about agency [Agency by Agreement]

Output: What is a disclosed principal?


Input: third party knows of agency but don't know of principal [Agency by Agreement]

Output: What is a partially disclosed Principal?


Input: third party does not know a principal even exists [Agency by Agreement]

Output: What is an Undisclosed Principal?


Input: intentionally causing the confinement of another by: 1. physically restraining an individual 2. using threatening force against a person or their family in order to restrain 3. using threatening force against their property to restrain them 4. refusing to release when duty to do so exists [Agency by Agreement]

Output: What is false imprisonment?


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: Predominant antibody in mucus, saliva, tears and milk [2]

Output: IgA

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: Crosses the placenta, giving passive immunity to the foetus [2]

Output: IgG

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: The most abundant antibody found in blood plasma and chief antibody released during secondary responses. [2]

Output: IgG

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: Binds to the surface of mast cells and mediates an allergic response [2]

Output: IgE

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: Virtually always bound to the surface of a B cell; its antigen receptor [2]

Output: IgD

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Match the ANTIBODY class to this description: The first antibody released during the primary response; indicates a current infection [2]

Output: IgM

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] State whether the following are an example of passive or active immunity: An individual receives Sabin polio vaccine [2]

Output: Active

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] State whether the following are an example of passive or active immunity: 'borrowed' immunity [2]

Output: Passive

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] State whether the following are an example of passive or active immunity: An individual has chicken pox [2]

Output: Active

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] State whether the following are an example of passive or active immunity: Antibodies migrate through a pregnant woman's placenta into the vascular system of her foetus [2]

Output: Passive

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] The antibody mechanism that blocks active parts on a virus is? [2]

Output: Neutralisation

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the? [2]

Output: bone marrow

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Small molecules that bind with self proteins to produce antigenic substances are called? [2]

Output: haptens

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] The only T cells that can directly attack and kill other cells are the? [2]

Output: cytotoxic cells

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Name a characteristic of complete antigens? [2]

Output: reactivity with an antibody

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] T lymphocytes are produced in the? [2]

Output: Bone marrow

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] The primary immune response? [2]

Output: Has a lag period while B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Cellular ingestion and destruction of particulate matter is called phagocytosis? [2]

Output: True

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] The directional movement of cells in response to chemicals is called chemotaxis? [2]

Output: True

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Tolerance for self antigens is abnormal? [2]

Output: False

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Adaptive immunity is provided only by lymphocytes that secrete antibodies? [2]

Output: False

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Name the antigen that "binds cells" / reaction occurs when mismatched blood is transferred : Best test for blood typing [2]

Output: Agglutination

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Name the antigen that "masks / blocks a cell" / simplest defensive mechanism [2]

Output: Neutralization

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Name the antigen that "cross-links into large complexes that settle out of soulution" [2]

Output: Precipitation

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Name the Chief antibody defense used against cellular antigens / causes cell lysis [2]

Output: Complement fixation & activation

Adaptive Immune system A&P Test 3 Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Spiritual development refers to the process by which a person develops a relationship to the universe and finds meaning in his or her life. For Fowler, spiritual growth and development takes place in seven stages that must occur in sequence, and each stage develops from a combination of knowledge and values. For Westerhoff, however, spiritual development is a four-stage process that is heavily dependent on the practices of one’s family.

Output: Define “spiritual development” and identify at least two differences between Fowler’s and Westerhoff’s theories of spiritual development.

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: A life span approach to health problems assists the nurse in planning specific interventions that can help a person and his or her family face both acute and chronic health problems. A life span approach can additionally help the nurse and the family plan and develop preventative strategies.

Output: Why is a life span approach to health problems important in the provision of comprehensive care?

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: During the assessment phase, the nurse would want to consider such things as risk behaviors; health promotion activities; physical activity level; sexual behaviors and attitudes; family type and degree of family support; dental care habits; and environmental issues. The client should also be screened for tobacco, alcohol, and drug use; exposure to tuberculosis; and safe sex practices.

Output: In the assessment phase of the nursing process, what are some areas the nurse would consider to determine a client’s health status?

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: The use of established standards and protocols will help during the planning phase. For example, the American Nurses Association (ANA) Standards of Practice, state nurse practice acts, and the taxonomy of nursing interventions can all help move a patient toward the anticipated outcomes. Healthy People 2010 can also be used to identify outcomes.

Output: In which phase of the nursing process would the nurse use established standards and protocols?

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: Examples of health promotion information that can be provided to clients during the implementation phase include an examination of the impact of physical activity on health and the prevention of chronic conditions; a discussion of the dietary nutrients essential to healing and recovery; instruction regarding safety measures; education on menopause; and provision of information on breast and testicular self-exams.

Output: What type of health promotion information can be provided to all clients during the implementation phase of the nursing process?

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: Continuity of care is a central concern during the implementation phase. Common examples of ensuring continuity of care include such things as referring patients to visiting nurse associations for home health follow-up; teaching the family how to use adaptive utensils; referring a mother to the local Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program for post-discharge assistance; or reporting child abuse.

Output: During which phase of the nursing process would the nurse be particularly concerned about continuity of care? Provide at least two examples of continuity of care.

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: The final component of the evaluation phase looks at the patient’s response to the care provided by other team members. For instance, the nurse might note that a patient has increased his or her ability to use adaptive utensils after working with the occupational therapist. The nurse might also report that a child is eating more vegetables as he or she becomes more accustomed to them with an aide’s encouragement.

Output: The evaluation phase of the nursing process analyzes the effectiveness of the care provided and the client’s response to that care. What other area should be evaluated during this phase?

Essentials of Nursing Care: Chronicity Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the difference between growth and development?


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] acute hepatiatis

Output: an inflammatory condition of the liver associated with the sudden onset of malaise, weakness, anorexia, intermittent nausea and vomiting, and dull right upper quadrant pain usually followed within 1 week by the onset of jaundice, dark urine, or both charcterized by jaundice

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] appendicitis

Output: an acute inflammation of the appendix

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] bowel obstruction

Output: an occlusion of the interstinal lumen that results in blockage of normal flow of intestinal contents

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] cholesystitis

Output: inflammation of the gallbladder, most often associated with the presence of gallstones

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] chronic gastroenteritis

Output: inflammation of the stomach and intestines that accompanies numerous gastrointestional disorders

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Crohn's disease

Output: a chronic , inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin, usually affecting the ileum, the colon, or both structures

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] diverticulitis

Output: inflammation of one or more diverticula

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] diverticulosis

Output: the presence of pouchlike herniations throughout the muscular layer of the colon

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] esophagogastric varices

Output: it comples of longitudinal tortuous veins at the lower end of the esophogus that become large and swollen as a result of portal hypertension

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Hemorrhoids

Output: swollen, distended viens (internal,external or both)in the rectoanal area

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] involuntary guarding

Output: an unconscious rigid contraction of the abdominal muscles, a sign of peritoneal inflammation

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] pancreatitis

Output: inflammation of the pancreas which causes servere epigastric pain

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] peptic ulcer disease

Output: illness that results from a complex pathological interaction among the acidic gastric juice and proteolytic enzymes and the mucosal barrier

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] rebound tenderness

Output: a sign of peritoneal inflammation in which pain is caused by the sudden release of fingertip pressure on the abdomen

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] referred pain

Output: visceral pain felt at a site distant from its origin

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] somatic pain

Output: pain that arises from skeletal muscles ligaments, vessels, or joints

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] ulcerative colitis

Output: an inflammatory condition of the large intestine characterized by severe diarrhea and ulceration of the mucosa of the intestine

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] visceral pain

Output: deep pain that arises from smooth vasculature or organ systems

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines, liverr, gallbladder and pancreas

Output: major organs commonly associated with the gastrointestinal system

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] at the hospital

Output: most common treatment for abdominal pain occurs.

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] colitis

Output: inflammatory condition of the large intestine

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Diverticulosis

Output: may result in bright red rectal bleeding if perforation occurs

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Sitting straight up with neck flexed

Output: To insert a nasogastric tube, position the patient

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Blood or serum secretions

Output: Hepatitis B is most commonly spread through:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Bright red and copious

Output: You would expect bleeding from ruptured esophageal varices to be:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Strangulated hernia

Output: The most serious type of hernia is a (an):

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Adults younger than 30

Output: Crohn disease most commonly affects:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Burning

Output: The pain associated with peptic ulcers is often described as:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Black, tarry stool

Output: Melena is a term used to describe

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Side, with legs flexed and pulled in

Output: . A patient with abdominal peritoneal irritation may choose to lie on her:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: [acute gasstroenteritis] Right upper quadrant

Output: . You might suspect a patient has cholecystitis if he or she has pain in the:

Inflammation of the Stomach and intestines with an associated sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, or both


Input: Uncertainty due to the nature of a firm's business that affects the variability of sales and earnings. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Business Risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The line that reflects the combination of risk and return of different investments. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Capital Market Line (CML)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A measure of relative variability that indicates risk per unit of return. In general, it is equal to the standard deviation divided by the mean value. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Coeffeicient of Variation (CV)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Uncertainty due to the method by which a firm finances its assets. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Financial Risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The nth root of the product of the annual holding period returns for n years, minus 1. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Geometric mean Return (Rg)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The amount of time an investment is owned. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Holding period

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The total return from an investment for a given period of time, stated as a percentage. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Holding period return (HPR)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Uncertainty due to the ability to buy or sell an investment in the secondary market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Liquidity Risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The average of an investment's returns over an extended period of time. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Mean or average rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The basic interest rate with no accommodation for inflation or uncertainty; the pure time value of money [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Real risk-free rate (real RFR)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The return that compenstates investors for their time, the expected rate of inflation, and the uncertainty of the return [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Required rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Equals 1 plus the holding period return. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Return Relative

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the uncertainty that an investment will earn its expected rate of return [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: The increase over the nominal risk-free rate that investors demand as compensation for an investment's uncertainty [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Risk premium

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a measure of variability equal to the square root of the variance [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Standard Deviation

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the portion of an individual asset's total variance that is attributable to the variability of the total market portfolio [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Systematic risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: asset-specific risk that deals with the characteristics of a type of asset or security issuer rather than broad economic factors [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Unsystematic risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a measure of variability equal to the sum of the squares of a return's deviation from the mean, divided by n-1 [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Variance

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Certificates of ownership issued by a U.S. bank that represent indirect ownership of a certain number of shares of a specific foreign firm. Shares are held on deposit in a bank in the firm's home country [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: American Depository Receipts (ADRs)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an option to buy a firm's common stock within a certain period at a specified price called the strike pric [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: call option

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: specify when and how a firm can issue a call for bonds outstanding prior to their maturity. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Call provisions

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a fixed income investment that trates in the secondar market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Capital market instrument

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an asset-backed security backed by pools of loans to an individual for financing an automobile purchase. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Certificate for automobile receivables (CAR)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: An instrument issued by banks and S&L's that requires minimum deposits for specified terms and that pays higher rates if interest than savings accounts [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Certificate of Deposit (CD)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A debt security, based on a pool of mortgage loans, that provides a relatively stable stream of payments for a relatively predictable term [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: collateralized mortgage obligagation (CMO)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a mortgage bond wherein the assets backing the bond are financial assets like stocks and bonds [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: collateral trust bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an equity investment that represents ownership of a firm, with full participation in its success or failure, the firm's directors must approve divident payments [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: common stock

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a bond with the added feature that the bondholder has the option to turn the bond back to the firm in exchange for a specified number of common shares of the firm. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: convertible bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Bonds that promise payments of interest and principal but pledge no specific assets. Holders have first claim on the issuer's income and unpledged assets [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Debentures

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: mortgage bonds that are secured by specific pieces of transportation equipment like boxcars and planes [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Equipment trust certificates

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an international bond denominated in a currency not native to the country in which it is issued. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Eurobond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: uncertainty due to fluctuating exchange rates when investing in foreign securities [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: exchange rate risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: loans from investors to firms or governments, with contractually mandated payment schedules. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: fixed income investments

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an agreement that provides for the future exchange of a particular asset at a specified delivery date in exchange for a specified payment at the time of delivery [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: futures contract

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a municipal bond backed by the full taxing power of the municipality [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: general obligation bond (GO)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: debentures that stipulate interest payments only if the issuer earns the income to make the payments by specified dates [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: income bonds

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the legal agreement that lists the obligations of the issuer of a bond to the bondholder including payment schedules, call provisions and sinking funds [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: indenture

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a bond issued by a foreign firm, denominated in the firm's native currency, and sold within its own country [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: international domestic bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a firm that sells shares of the company and uses the proceeds to buy stock, bonds, or other financial instruments [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: investment company

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an investment company that holds portfolios of high quality, short term securtities like t-bills. high liquidity and superior returns make this a good alternative to bank savings accounts. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: money market fund

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: bonds that pledge specific assets such as buildings and equipment. the proceeds from the sale of these assets are used to pay off bondholders in case of bankruptcy. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: mortgage bonds

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the right to buy or sell a firm's common stock at a specified price for a stated period of time. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: option

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an equity investment that stipulates a dividend payment either as a coupon or a stated dollar amount. the firm's board of directors may withhold payments. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: preferred stock

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an option to sell a firm's common stock within a certain period at a specified price. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: put options

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an investment fund that holds portfolios of real estate investment [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: real estate investment trust (REIT)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a municipal bond backed by revenue generated by specific municipal projects. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: revenue bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a money market security wherein an individual loans money to a bank or credit union through a liquid, low risk, low interest account [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: savings account

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the most senior bonds in a firm's capital structure. they have a first claim on specific assets of the firm in case of bankruptcy. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Senior (secured) bonds

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: debentures that, in case of dcefault, entitle holders to claims on the issuer's assets only after the claims of holdders of senior debentures and mortgage bonds are satisfied. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: subordinated bonds

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a bond sold in the United states and denominated in U.S. dollar but issued by a foreign firm or government [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Yankee bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a bond sold at a discount from par value that promises no interest payment during the life of the bond, only the paument of the par value (principal) at maturity. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: zero coupon bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an investment company that issues only a limited number of shares, which it does not redeem. Instead, closed end shares are traded in securities markets at prices dertermined by supply and demand. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Closed-end investment company

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a company, separate from the investment company, that manages the portfolio and performs administrative functions [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Investment management company

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an amount charged to purchase shares in most mutual funds trhat are sold by brokers or other members of a sales force. typical charges range from 4 to 8.5% of the initial investment. the charge is added to the net asset value per share to determine the offering price. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: load or sales charge

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a mutual fund that imposes a moderate front-end sales charge when the investor buys the fund, tupically about 3-4 percent. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Low-load fund

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an investment company that pools money from shareholders and invests it in a variety of securities, including stocks, bonds, and money market securities. a mutual fund ordinatily stands ready to buy back its shares at their current net asset value, which depends on the market value of the fund's portfolio of securitiesat the time. mutual funds generally coninuously offer new shares to investors [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Mutual fund

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the market value of an investment company's assets after deducting liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Net asset value (NAV)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a mutual fund that sells its shares at net asset value without adding sales charges [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: no-load fund

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the more formal name for a mutual fund, which derives from the fac that it continuously offers new shares to investors and redeems them on demand. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: open-end investment company

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a booklet that describes a mutual fund and offers its shares for sale. it contains information required by the SEC on such subjects as the fund's invetment objective and policies, services, investment restrictions, officers and directors, procedures for buying and redeeming shares, charges, and financial statements [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: prospectus

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a contract under which an annuity is purchased with a fixed amount of money that is converted into a varying number of accumulation unites. at retirement, the annuitant is paid a fixed number of monthly units, which are converted into varying amounts of money. the value of both accumulation and annuity units varies with the performance of a portfolio of equity securities. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Variable annuity

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: phase in the investment life cycle during which individuals in the early to middle years of their working career attempt to accumulate assets to satisfy short term needs and longer term goals [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: accumulation phase

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the discount rate used to find the present value of a defined benefit pension plan's future obligations and thus determine the size of the firm's annual contribution to the plan [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: actuarial rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the process of deciding how to distribute an investor's wealth among different asset classes for investment purposes [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: asset allocation

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a collection of securities that have similar characteristics, attributes, and risk return relationship [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: asset class

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: average portion of income that is paid as taxes; equals the total tax payment divided by the total income [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: average tax rate

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: for tax purposes, the cost of an asset. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: basis (of an asset)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a comparison standard of risk and assets included in the policy statement and similar to the investor's risk preference and investment needs, which can be used to evaluate the investment performance of the portfolio manager. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: benchmark portfolio

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a return objective in which the investor seeks to increase the portfolio value, primarily through capital gains, over time to meet a future need; generally a goal of an investor willing to take on above-average risk to meet a goal [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: capital appreciation

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a return objective in which the investor seeks to minimize the risk of loss; generally a goal of the risk averse investor [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: capital preservation

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: phase in the investment life cycle during which individuals who are typically past the midpoint of their career have earnings that exceed expenses and invest them for future retirement or estate planning needs [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: consolidation phase

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a return objective in which the investor seeks to generate income rather than capital gaines; generally a goal of an investor who wantes to supplement earnings with income to meet living expenses [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: current income

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a pension plan that promises to pay retirees a specific income stream that is based on years of service, salary, or both. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: defined benefit pension plan

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a pension plan in which the size of the employee's and employer's contribution is known but the benefits upon retirement depend on both the contrubutions and the returns earned on them [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: defined contribution pension plan

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a person who supervises or oversees the investment portfolio of a third party, such as in a trust account, and makes investment decisions in accordance with the owner's wishes. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: fiduciary

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: phase in the investment life cycle during which individuals use excess assets to financially assist relatives or friends, establish charitable trusts, or construct trusts to minimize estate taxes. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: gifting phase

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: term used to describe an asset that can be quickly converted to cash at a price close to fair market value [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: liquid

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the portion of each additional dollar in income that is paid as tax [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: marginal tax rate

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the investor's goals, expressed in terms of risk and return, included in the policy statement [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: objectives

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a defined benefit pension plan in which the present value of the pensino liabilities is less than the plan's assets [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: overfunded plan

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a statement in which the investor specifies investment goals, constraints, and risk preferences. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: policy statement

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: capital gains that result when an appreciated asset has been sold; realized capital gains are taxable. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: realized capital gains

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: phase in the investment life cycle during which individuals' earning years end as they retire. they pay for expenses with income from social security and prior investments and invest to protect against inflation. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: spending phase

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a return objective in which the investor wantes to increase the portfolio value to meet a future need by both capital gains and current income reinvestment [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: total return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a defined benefit pension plan in which the present value of the funds liabilities to employees exceeds the value of the fund's assets. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: underfunded plan

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: capital gains that reflect the price appreciation of currently held assets; taxes on unrealized capital gains can be diferred indefinitely [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: unrealized capital gains

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A nontraditional, computerized trading system that competes with or supplements dealer markets and traditional stock exchanges. While they facilitate trading in shares, they do not provide listing services. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Alternative Trading System

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a market in which trading for individual stocks only takes place at specified times. all the bids and asks available at the time are combined and the market administrators specify a single price that will possibly clear the market at that time. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Call market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an employee of a member firm who buys or sells for the customers of the firm. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Commission broker

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a service created by nasdaq that automates order routing and execution for securities listed on domestic stock exchanges and involved in the intermarket trading system (ITS) [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Computer assisted execution system (CAES)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an electronic quotation service for issues listed on the NYSE, the AMEX, or regional exchanges and traded on the Nasdaq intermarket. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: consolidated quotation system

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a market where stocks are priced and traded continuously either by an auction process or by dealers during the time the market is open. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: coninuous market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: A computerized trading system that matches buy and sell orders, usually for retail and small institutinoal trading. ECNs act for customers as a broker-they do not buy or sell from their own account [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Electronic communication network (ECN)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an electronic trading system that matches large buy and sell orders [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: electronic crossing system (ECS)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a market where prices adjust rapidly to the infuion of new information. as a result current security prices fully reflect all available information [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: external (or informational) efficiency

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an independent member of an exchange who acts as a broker for other members [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: floor broker

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: direct trading of exchange securities between owners (usually institutions) without any broker intermediation, often via an ATS [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: fourth market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a new issue by a firm that has no existing public market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: initial public offering (IPO)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a computeried system that connects competing exchanges and dealers who trade stocks listed on an exchange. its purpose is to help customers find the best market for these stocks at a point in time. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: intermarket trading system (ITS)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an order that lasts for a specified time to buy or sell a security when and if it traes at a specified price. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: limit order

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the ability to buy or sell an asset quickly and at a rice that is not substantially different from the prices of prior transactions. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: liquidity

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the subsequent downside margin required after thepurchase if the stock price declines. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Maintenance margin

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the percent of cash a buyer pays for a security, borrowing the balance from the broker. this introduces leverage, which increases the risk of the transactinol [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: margin

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: if the value of your equity falls below the maintenance margin (currently 25%), you will receive a margin call that requires you to provide more equity to bring the equity up to the 25% requirement [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: margin call

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the means through which buyers and sellers are brought together to aid in the transfer of goods and/or services [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an order to buy or sell a security immediately at the best price available [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: market order

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a trading system that includes nasdaq market makers and ECNs that quote and trade stockes listed on the NYSE and the AMEX. it involves dealers from the nasdaq market and the intermarket trading system.in many ways, this has become what had been labeled the third market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: nasdaq intermarket

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an electronic system for providing bid-ask quotes for securities traded on nasdaq [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: national association of securities dealers automated quotation (nasdaq) system

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a regulated quotation service that displays real-time quotes, last sale prices, and volume information for a specified set of over the counter securities that are not traded on the formal nasdaw market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: OTC electronic bulletin board (OTCBB)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a feature of a liquid market in which prices change little from one transaction to the next due to the depth of the market [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: price continuity

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the market in which newly issued securities are sold by their issuers, who recieve the proceeds. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: primary market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a new issue sold directly to a small group of investors, usually institutions [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: private placement

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: members of an exchange who are allowed to use their memberships to buy or sell for their own account within the specific trading obligations set down by the exchange. because they are on the floor, the have a better feel for the market and low commissions, but they provide liquidity to the market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: registerd competitive market makers (RCMM)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: new shares offered by firms that already have stock outstanding [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: seasoned equity issues

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the market in which outstanding securities are bought and sold by owners other than the issuers. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: secondary market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an order-routing and trade-execution system for institutional investors (brokers and dealers) that allows communication through the nasdaq system rather than by phone [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: SelectNet

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the sale of borrowed stock with the intention of repurchasing it later at a lower price and earning the difference [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: short sale

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a quotation and execution system for retail investors who place orders with brokers who must honor their prevailing bid-ask for automatic execution up to 1,000 shares. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: small-order execution system (SOES)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: trading of listed securities on nasdaq [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: third market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the cost of executing a trade. low costs characterize an internally effiecient market. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: transaction cost

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a negotiable U.s. government security with a maturity of less than one year that palys no periodic interest but yields the difference between its par value and its discounted purchase price. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: treasury bill

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a u.s. government security with a maturity of more than ten years tha tpays interest periodically [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: treasury bond

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a u.s. government security with maturities of one to ten years that pays interest peridically [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: treasury note

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an index calculated as an arithmetic mean of the current prices of the sampled securities [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: price weighted index

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an index created as a statistical measure of the performance of an intire market or segment of a market based on a sample of securities from the market or segment of a market [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: security market index

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an index affected equally by the performance of each security in the sample regardless of price or market value. also referred to as an equal-weighted index. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: unweighted index

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an index calculated as the total market value of the securities in the sample. market value is equal to the number of shares or bonds outstanding times the market price of the security [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: value-weighted index

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a standardized measure of the relationship between two series that ranges from -1.00 to +1.00 [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: correlation coefficient

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a measure of the degree to which two variables, such as rates of return for investment assets, move together over time relative to their individual mean returns [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: covariance

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the curve that defines the set of portfolios with the maximum rate of return for every given level of risk or the minimum risk for a given rate of return [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: efficent frontier

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the efficient portfolio with the highest utility for a given investor, found by the point of tangency between the efficent frontier and the investor's highest utility curve [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: optimal portfolio

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a theory concerned with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the asset's systematic relationship to several risk factors. this multifactor model is in contrast to the single-factor CAPM [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Arbitrage pricing theory (APT)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a standardized measure of systematic risk based on an asset's covariance with the market portfolio [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: beta

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a theory concerned with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the assets systematic risk levels [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: capital asset pricing model (CAPM)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the line frm the intercept point that represents the risk free rate tangent to the original efficient frontier; it becomes the new effiecient frontier [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: Capital Market Line (CML)

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the regression line of best fit through a scatterplot of rates of return for the individual risky asset and for the market portfolio of risky assets over some time period [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: characteristic line

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a portfolio in which all unsystematic risk has been eliminated by diversification [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: completely diversified portfolio

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the rate of return an investor anticipates earning from a specific investment over a particular future holding period [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: estimated rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the portfolio that includes all risky assets with relative weights equal to their proportional market values [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: market portfolio

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the amount of return above the risk free rate that investors expect from the market in general as compensation for systematic risk [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: market risk premium

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a risk return framework that considers multiple sources of both macroecondomic and microeconomic risk in deriving the expected rates or return for a risky-asset portfolio. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: multifactor model

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an asset with returns that exhibit zero varianc [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: risk free asset

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an asset with uncertain future returns [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: risky asset

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the proposition that the investment decision, which involves investing in the market portfolio on the capital market line, is separate from teh financing decisino, which targets a specific point on the CML based on the investor's risk preference. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: separation theorem

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the variablility of returns that is due to macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets. because it affects all risky assets, it cannot be eliminated by diversification. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: systematic risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: risk that is unique to an asset, derived from its particular characteristics. it can be elminated in a diversified portfolio. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: unsystematic risk

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the amount by which a security's return differs from the market's expected rate of return based on the market's rate of return and the security's relationship with the market [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: abnormal rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: security price relationships that appear to contradict well regarded hypothesis; in this case the efficient market hypothesis [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: anomalies

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a test of the weak form efficient market hypothesis that compares security price changes over time to check for predictable correlation patterns [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: autocorrelation test

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a branch of financial economics that considers how psychological traits affect how individuals or groups act as investors [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: behavioral finance

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a company announcement of earnings that differ from analysts' prevailing expectations [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: earnings surprise

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a market in which security prices rapidly reflect all information about securities [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: efficient capital market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the return that analysts caluculations suggest a security should provide, based on the markets rate of return during the period and the security's relationship to the market [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: expecte rate of return

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a trading rule that recommends security transactions when price changes exceed a previously determined percentage. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: filter rule

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: investing with awareness of the dual effects of fundamental value and investor sentiment. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: fusion investing

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a more technical term for an efficient capital market that emphasizes the rold of information [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: informationally effiecient market

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a test of th weak form efficient market hypothesis that checks for trends that persist oonger in terms of positive or negative price changes than one would expect for a random series. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: runs test

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the belief that security prices fully reflect all publicly available information, including information from secirty transactions and company, economic, and poliitical news. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: semistrong-form efficient market hypothesis

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the belief that securty prices fully reflect all information from both public and private sources [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: strong-form efficient market hypothesis

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a formula for deciding on current transactions based on historical data [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: trading rule

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the belief that security prices fully reflect all securty market information. [Arithmetic Mean Return (Ra)]

Output: weak-form efficient market hypothesis

Test One Chapters 1-10 Finance 320 key terms Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: work in the ascending loop of Henle blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride and to prevent reabsorption of water causes extensive diuresis even with severe renal impairment [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretics MOA

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: used when there is an emergent need for rapid mobilizations of fluid pulmonary edema caused by heart failure conditions not responsive to other diuretics, such as edema caused by liver, cardiac, or kidney disease, or hypertension used to treat hypercalcemia related to kidney stone formation [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretics uses

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: dehydration, hypernatremia, hypochloremia hypotension ototoxicity hypokalemia hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, decrease in calcium and magnesium levels [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretic adverse

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: pregnancy diabetes or gout [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretic contraindications

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity can occur in the presence of hypokalemia concurrent use of antihypertensives can have additive hypotensive effect lithium carbonate serum levels can increase which may lead to toxicity if hyponatremia occurs due to the loop diuretic NSAIDS increase blood flow to kidney which reduces diuretic effect [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretics interactions

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: avoid adminstering late in the day to prevent nocturia normal dosing time is 0800 and 1400 administer furosemide orally, IV bolus dose, or continuous IV infusion Infuse IV doses at 20mg/min or slower to avoid abrupt hypotension and hypovolemia monitor potassium, eat foods high in potassium monitor magnesium levels, blood glucose levels [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretic considerations

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: decrease in pulmonary or peripheral edema weight loss decrease in BP increase in urine output [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: high-ceiling loop diuretic effectiveness

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: Proto: hydrochlorothiazide others: chlorothiazide (Diuril) methyclothiazide (Enduron) thiazide-type diuretics: indapamide (Lozide, Lozil) chlorthalidone (Hygroton) metolazone (Zaroxolyn) [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretics

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: work in the early distal convuluted tubule blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride, and prevents the reabsorption of water at this site promotes diuresis when renal function is not impaired [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic MOA

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: often medication of first choice for essential hypertension edema of mild-to-moderate heart failure and liver and kidney disease often used in combination with antihypertensive agents for blood pressure control [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic use

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: dehydration hypokalemia (< 3.5 mEq/l) hyperglycemia [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic adverse

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: pregnancy, lactation, breastfeeding [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic contraindications

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: same as loop-diuretic meds cause no risk of hearing loss and can be combined with ototoxic drugs [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretics interactions

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: monitor potassium levels take meds first thing in the morning if twice daily is prescribed- make sure to give last dose no later than 1400 to prevent nocturia diet high in potassium and plenty of fluids take with or after meals if GI upset occurs alternate-day dosing can decrease electrolyte imbalances [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic considerations

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: decrease in BP decrease in edema Increase in urine output [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: thiazide diuretic effectiveness

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: sprionolactone (Aldactone) other meds: triamterene (Dyrentium) amiloride (Midamor) [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretics

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: block the action of aldosterone which results in potassium retention and the secretion of sodium and water [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretics MOA

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: combined with other loop diuretics for potassium sparing effects administered for heart failure therapeutic effects may take 12-8 hours [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretics uses

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: hyperkalemia (>5.0 mEq/l)- discontinue meds restrict potassium, administer insulin injections to drive potassium back into the cell should not be administered with spirolactone caution with angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin receptor blockers, and direct renin inhibtors because they may cause elevated potassium levels Endocrine effects [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: postassium-sparing diuretic adverse

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: hyperkalemia severe kidney failure and anuria [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretics contraindications

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: concurrent use of ACE inhibitors increases risk of hyperkalemia concurrent use of potassium supplements increase the risk of hyperkalemia [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretics interactions

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: avoid salt substitutes that contain potassium monitor BP and weight triameterine may turn urine a bluish color monitor potassium levels [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretic considerations

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: weight loss, maintenance of normal potassium levels, decrease in blood pressure and edema [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: potassium-sparing diuretic effectiveness

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: mannitol (Osmitrol) [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretics

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure by raising serum osmolarity and drawing fluid back into the vascular and extravascular space [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretics MOA

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: prevent kidney failure in specific situations such as hypovolemic shock and severe hypotension, because mannitol is not reabsorbed and remains in the nephron, drawing off water, thus preserving urine flow and preventing kidney failure decreases intracranial pressure caused by cerebral edema by drawing off fluid form the brain into the bloodstream decreases IOP promote sodium retention and water excretion in clients who have hyponatremia and fluid volume excess administered for the oliguria phase of acute kidney injury [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretics uses

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: heart failure, pulmonary edema, kidney failure, fluid and electrolyte imbalances [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretic adverse

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: heart failure [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretic contraindications

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: lithium excretion through the kidneys is increased (monitor lithium levels) [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretic interactions

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: administer mannitol through continuous IV infusion monitor for signs of dehydration, acute kidney injury, and edema [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretic considerations

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: urine output of at least 30 mL/hour serum creatinine between 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for men and 0.5-1.1 mg/dL for women BUN levels between 10-20 mg/dL decrease in intracranial pressure decrease in intraocular pressure [high-ceiling loop diuretics]

Output: osmotic diuretic effectiveness

ATI Cardiovascular system meds (meds affecting urinary output) Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: To serve as MXG single point of contact for all training matters affecting maintenance and to be responsible for overall management and control of the training management subsystem of IMDS-CDB

Output: Other than teaching, what is the mission of the Maintenance Training Flight?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?


Input: They are the central agency for gathering SORTS data for MXG and compiling this data into a report that is reviewed by MXG leadership.

Output: With regard to monthly SORTS reporting, what function does the programs and resources flight serve?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?


Input: To evaluate the quality of maintenance accomplished in MXG and to perform necessary functions to magae the organizations maintenance standardization and evaluation program

Output: What is the primary mission of QA?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?


Input: To lauch and recover aircraft and perform the necessary servicing, inspections and maintenance to support daily aircraft flying operations

Output: What is the basic mission of an AMU?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?


Input: Discrepency and deviation information utilization, and applicable flight data (including landing status) system capability, and other applicable codes

Output: What are some of the information elements that debrief personnel enter into the applicable Maintenance Information System?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?


Input: Aircraft or system has minor discrepancies but is capable of further mission assignment within normal turnaround times

Output: What does an aircraft landing status code of 2 mean with regard to aircraft or system condition?

What is the primary mission of the Maintenance Data System Analysis section?