Input: Monophyletic group

Output: group with common descent from one ancestor

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Paraphyletic group

Output: group containing a common ancestor but leaving out some descendents

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Segmentation

Output: the division of some animal and plant body plans into a series of repetitive segments.

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Tagmosis

Output: The evolutionary process that changes a segmented organism into 3 main specialized segments (Head, thorax, abdomen) by fusing and modifying segments

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Radial symmetry

Output: no sides, just top and bottom. if cut like a pie, the slices would be identical. (anemone, jellyfish, sea stars)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Bilateral symmetry

Output: symmetrical about line down the middle. left and right sides are mirror image.

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: acoelomate

Output: no body cavity. semi-solid tissue holds organs in place.


Input: pseudocoelomate

Output: fully functional, partly lined with mesoderm body cavity. Organs are held in place loosely, they are not as well organized as in a coelomate. All pseudocoelomates are protostomes.

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: coelomate

Output: fluid filled body cavity with complete lining with mesoderm. allows organs to be attached to each other so that they can be suspended in a particular order while still being able to move freely within the cavity. Most bilateral animals, including all the vertebrates, are coelomates


Input: Blind gut

Output: digestive cavity having only one opening

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Compete gut

Output: digestive cavity with 2 openings: mouth and anus

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Protostomata

Output: Blastopore becomes mouth. Spiral/determinate Cleavage: fate of cells determined as they are produced. (asymmetrical cell division: cell creates 2 daughters with 2 different fates)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: deueterostomata

Output: Blastopore becomes anus. Radial/Indeterminate Cleavage: fate of cells is undetermined through 8-cell stage, each contain enough information to build complete organism. (symmetrical cell division: cell creates 2 daughters with equivalent fates)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: diploblast

Output: a condition of the blastula in which there are two primary germ layers: the ectoderm and endoderm. The endoderm allows them to develop true tissue, including tissue associated with the gut and associated glands. The ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis, the nervous tissue, and if present, nephridia. (cnidaria and ctenophora)


Input: triploblast

Output: more complex animals than diploblasts (from flat worms to humans) are triploblastic with three germ layers (a mesoderm as well as ectoderm and endoderm). The mesoderm allows them to develop true organs.


Input: totipotent

Output: cell has the capacity to form an entire organism of differentiated cells


Input: anhydrobiosis

Output: dormant with no water (form of diapause)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: 3 domains

Output: eukarya, archea, bacteria

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: A eukaryotic kingdom: Animalia. Also known as...

Output: Metazoa

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: blastula

Output: sphere of cells that is early form of embryo


Input: gastrula

Output: stage after blastula, layered sac with endoderm, exoderm, and mesoderm. connects to outside by blastopore.


Input: blastopore

Output: in a gastrula, connects archenteron to outside.


Input: archenteron

Output: inside cavity of gastrula that will become the gut


Input: needs to live on land

Output: Ability to breath; must internalize lungs (initially swim bladders) Structural support Ossification Storage hypothesis Predation Movement Jointed appendages

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: holometabola

Output: complete metamorphosis in life cycle

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: hemimetabola

Output: incomplete metamorphasis in life cycle

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: amniotes

Output: egg has everything for offspring except oxygen. mammals, hard egg laying things.


Input: amnion

Output: closest membrane to embryo


Input: chorion

Output: outermost membrane of egg, shell


Input: yolk

Output: nutrient rich cells for food for young in egg


Input: amphibian egg

Output: gelatinous covering, laid in water, gas exchange by diffusion

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Oviparity

Output: lay eggs with little or no embryonic development within mother


Input: Vivipary

Output: embryo develops inside mother, nourished by mother not yolk (humans!)


Input: Oviviviparity

Output: egg remaind in mother until hatch or about to hatch, still gets nourishment from yolk

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Characteristics of mammals

Output: Female lactation Sweat glands Fur, hair 3 inner ear bones Neocortex region of the brain

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: 3 types of mammals

Output: Eutheria (placental mammals) Marsupials ( Montremata

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: monotremata

Output: 3 species only, all live in australia: platypus Egg laying, hold on belly until hatch, then baby sits in fold of skins where mothers pores secret nourishment


Input: marsupials

Output: Young climb up right after born, milk secreting glands in pouch


Input: placental mammals

Output: Union of embryonic and maternal tissues Placentas lack yolk but retain chorion and amnion

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: histotrophic

Output: reliant on maternal milk... probably evolved into placenta

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: terrestrial egg

Output: Water repellant covering but permeable to gases but not to water

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: preadaptations to life on land

Output: Gills interanalized Bones created Apendages

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: ossification

Output: cartilage evolved into bone, maybe as storage device for calcium

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Porifera

Output: no true tissues organs or symmetry, sponges, suspension feeders, hemaphrodites, have choamocytes (flagellated cells which creat flow of water through poresto bring nutrients and oxygen)


Input: Cnidaria

Output: radial symmetry, diploblastic, have nematocysts (stinging cells used to spear prey)


Input: choamocytes

Output: in porifera, flagellated cells which creat flow of water through poresto bring nutrients and oxygen


Input: nematocysts

Output: in cnidaria: stinging cells used to spear prey


Input: platyhelmenthes

Output: acoelomate, can grow whole self from piece, flatworms, incomplete digestion

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: nematoda

Output: pseudocoelomate, round worms, growth by molting


Input: echinodermata

Output: coelomate, deuterosome, water vascular system (tube feet:used for feeding, pulling apart shells, moving), (starfish, sea cucumbers, brittle stars), radial symmetry but larva have bilateral symmetry, adults have endoskeleton of calcium carbonate

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: water vascular system

Output: in echinodermata: tube feet:used for feeding, pulling apart shells, moving)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: chordata

Output: deuterosome development, Notochord (structural support-vertabrae), Dorsal hollow nerve chord (ends in brain), Pharyngeal slits in some (pumps water through body filtering out food), 3 subphyla: urochordata(no head), cephalochordata, craniata)


Input: mollusca

Output: protosome development, mantle tissue which often grows shell, (snails, slugs, mussles, octopus), 3 body parts: mantle(dorsal body wall), muscular foot (contains balance organ and grips things), visceral mass contains internal organs


Input: annelida

Output: protosome development, segmentation, no jointed appendages, segmented worms


Input: arthropoda

Output: protosome development, specialized segmentation> tagmosis, jointed appendages, exoskeleton of cuticle, 3 big groups: crustacea, insecta, chelicerata


Input: rotifers

Output: clonal females, never male, can go into diapuase (anhydrobiosis) for mad long which can rid them of pathogens


Input: why have rotifers been asexual so long?

Output: many benefits to being asexual but one problem is dealing with pathogens, rotifers solve this by going dormant for long periods of time

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Paedomorphosis

Output: the resemblance of an adult individual to its juvenile form

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: development of lungs

Output: probably originated from air bladder in fish (physoclistous), had to overcome challenges: need lots of surface area and limit water loss

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Life needed ____ to go from water to land

Output: Need: ability to breath and minimize water loss so you don’t dry out, structural support, movement: capture food and escape predators

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Evolution of insects

Output: Origin of hexapods, wings, wing folding, complete metamorphasis, co-evolved with plants

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Insects so successful because:

Output: - Wings - Ability to fold wings behind back (pterygota) Complete metamorphosis (homometabolous)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: costs of being sexual

Output: - Male production in sexual populations entails an ecological cost - Cost of meiosis (decreased relatedness) - "bet hedging" (forego high success to have predicatability)

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Benefits of being sexual

Output: recombination

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Protostomes (stoma = mouth)

Output: Early development: blastopore becomes mouth Assymetrical cleavage Cell fate determined by 8th cell

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Deuterostomes

Output: Early development: blastopore becomes anus Radial/symmetrical cleavage Cell fate indetermined by 8th cell

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Coelomate

Output: cavity between gut and bodywall


Input: gut

Output: cavity open to outside


Input: diploplast

Output: endoderm and ectoderm


Input: characteristics of animalia/metazoa

Output: - Multicellular - Heterotrophic - Collagen (usually) (25-35% of whole body protien) - Unique muscle and nervous tissues - Lifecycle with diploid phase dominant

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: Plastids

Output: double membrane bounded organelle usually involved in synthesis and storage of food. chloroplasts are one kind.


Input: peptidoglycan

Output: found in cell wall of bacteria only. also bacteria have no nucleus.

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: bet-hedging .

Output: The behavioural response of a species population to a K-selecting environment in which occasional fluctuations in conditions affect the mortality rate of juveniles to a much greater extent than of adults. In such a situation adults release young into several different environments to maximize the chance that some will survive

Rochester Bio 111 Exam 2 Flashcards - Cram.com

Magnetic anomolies: reversal of magnetic poles has left magnetic stripes in rock layers deposited and Midatlantic ridge splits mirror image of stripes alternating in magnetic direction because of sea-floor spreading. Plate boundaries: transform, convergent (mountains), divergent (sea-floor spreading, rifting). Distribution of species (amount of relatedness shows what order groups we separated, ex. related marsupials live on different continents) Evidence of original supercontinent: Pangea split into Gondwana (South: Africa, S. America, Australia, Antarctica, Madagascar) and Laurasia during Jurassic period. Similar species are most closely related the more recent their respective landmasses separated


Input: In terms of interpersonal relationships, a person with schizotypal personality disorder is most...

Output: to express unhappiness about a lack of relationship but to act in ways that suggest a lack of interest in intimate contacts.


Input: Statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the ages of two groups

Output: chi-square


Input: True or False In Oppositional Defiant Disorder, the rights of others and age-appropriate social rules are violated.

Output: False-Conduct Disorder


Input: The primary difference between PTSD & Adjustment Disorder is that in the former...

Output: The symptoms are usually more severe


Input: While assessing a 10 yr. old, you rule out an Oppositional Defiant Disorder diagnosis when you find out that he...

Output: Stealing money out of classmates' bookbags (rights of others & social rules are violated)


Input: A major purpose of program evaluation is...

Output: to monitor and enhance accountability


Input: Client has alternated with depressed & elated mood for 4 yrs. Her "ups" are never manic & she's never qualified for Major Depression. (What's her diagnois)

Output: Cyclothymic Disorder


Input: ABAB research design, casuality is suggested when...

Output: target behavior reverts to original baseline level when treatment is withdrawn


Input: Collecting qualitative & quantitative info about behavior with antecedents, mediators & consequences is...

Output: Functional Analysis


Input: Ego psychology is different than classical psychoanalysis in that the former...

Output: focuses on the current problem


Input: Accomodation is

Output: modifying existing schemes to incorporate new knowledge


Input: Anxiety is not the most likely factor in the etiology of male erectile disorder, instead you would suspect...

Output: Psychological cause


Input: For older woman, sexual activity depends on...

Output: marital status


Input: To reduce potential threats on a research design of internal validity the investigator will be concerned with...

Output: maturation, history, and statistical regression


Input: Out of BiPolar Disorder I (most recent episode manic) and BiPolar Disorder I (most recent episode depressed; which one requires both depressive & either manic or mixed episodes?

Output: BiPolar Disorder I, most recent episode depressed


Input: Out of BiPolar Disorder I (most recent episode manic) & BiPolar Disorder I (most recent episode depressed); which one requires more than one manic episode only is needed.

Output: Bi Polar Disorder I, most recent episode manic


Input: Behavioral therapist tells client with anxiety disorder to engage in anxiety-arousing behavior, what is the goal?

Output: NEUTRALIZE anticipatory anxiety that is the real source of the client's problem


Input: Ego psychologist consider functions such as memory, language, perception, etc. as..

Output: ego autonomous


Input: To best treat OCD with washing/cleaning rituals use...

Output: exposure, response prevention, participant modeling


Input: True or False It is recommended to use NOS for diagnosis if the available information is adequate only for a "working diagnosis"

Output: False


Input: An assumption of 'groupthink' is

Output: pressures toward uniformity limit task effectiveness


Input: members of out patient groups rank which of Yalom's therapeutic factors as most important?

Output: Interpersonal input; catharsis; cohesiveness; self understanding


Input: What is a likely characteristic of a pedophile?

Output: Depressed Mood


Input: Can symptoms of Tourettes Disorder be voluntarily suppressed?

Output: Yes, sometimes


Input: A stable pattern of responding is produced by what kind of reinforcement schedule?

Output: Variable ratio & Variable interval


Input: When treating a teenaged girl who has made some half-hearted suicide attempts you would...

Output: Reinforce & discuss more appropriate ways she can get attention.


Input: Which of the following mood disorders can involve symptoms of both mania and depression?BiPolar I Disorder, Cyclothymic Disorder, Dysthymic Disorder

Output: Only BiPolar I Disorder


Input: When using a multiple baseline design to evaluate the effectiveness of aversive counterconditioning for eliminating self-injurious behaviors...

Output: Sequentially apply the treatment to a single subject in more than one setting.


Input: Studies of abused children seem to indicate..

Output: most abused children are under the age of six


Input: A child's normal language development shows that most of the child's first words (around age 1) are of ...

Output: objects that move or change


Input: In contrast to brief psychotherapy, crisis intervention:

Output: focuses on restoring client to previous functioning.


Input: Chi-squares & t-tests share the assumption that...

Output: the sample must be randomly selected from the population


Input: Public law 94-142 was established to...

Output: place handicapped children in the least restrictive educational environment.


Input: A Dad puts his son in his room everytime he hits his sister. To increase the probability he will stop hitting his sister the Dad should...

Output: Give him 25 cents each time he is nice to his sister


Input: Paraphilia is characterized by

Output: non-normative sexual arousal or activity


Input: Rate Exhibitionism, Fetishism, Pedophilia, & Frotteurism in order of most common.

Output: Pedophilia, Exhibitionism, Fetishism, Frotterism


Input: Fetishism is characterized by

Output: sexual urges involving non-living objects


Input: Frotterism is characterized by

Output: touching and rubbing against a non-consenting person


Input: Program evaluation is used primarily for the purpose of...

Output: assessing the effectiveness of an intervention


Input: Peer review is used primarily for the purpose of ...

Output: quality assurance


Input: True or False Overlapping roles and functions are characteristics of a classical bureaucracy.

Output: False Merit-based system of compensation; formalized channels of communication; power hierarchy


Input: Continued use of substances despite persistent & recurrent problems caused by substance use would be...

Output: Either Substance Abuse or Substance Dependence


Input: Exposing a client to an anxiety-evoking stimulus in order to extinguish the anxiety response is:

Output: Implosive therapy


Input: There is a good prognosis for Schizophrenia if...

Output: there is an acute onset of symptoms


Input: To distinguish between delirium and dementia it is useful to determine if there is...

Output: reduced consciousness


Input: Psychoanalytic perspective, views mania as:

Output: a defense against underlying feelings of depression


Input: The least appropriate person to interpret with a social work interview would be..

Output: A child of the client


Input: Two concepts that addresss the culturally universal and culturally specific are...

Output: etic & emic


Input: Social work practice model with emphasis of ethnic, racial, and social groups

Output: Anthropological perspective


Input: "Model minority" notion with Asian-Americans is problematic because...

Output: the stereotypes create jealousy among other minorities


Input: To encourage reluctant client from 3rd world adopt western health option & reject unhelpful traditional practices, they should try to convince...

Output: the oldest family member


Input: How many Americans use traditional, natural, or alternative forms of health care?

Output: 1/3 or all Americans


Input: Amok is a culture bound syndrome associated with...

Output: SouthEast Asians


Input: Amok shares features like brooding followed by explosive violent episode with what DSM-IV category of

Output: Brief Psychotic Disorder


Input: Breaking the cycle of oppression involves...

Output: active reflection, confrontation, and transcendence


Input: "Ataque" is culturally specific response is common with what population?

Output: Latino


Input: A therapist is very active in family sessions addressing symptoms and meeting with family & individual. What type of therapist am I?

Output: Bowen model


Input: Type of group where members provide support and gain from others coping w/same situation is...

Output: Self-Help Group


Input: Reflection is used to

Output: build trust


Input: True or False You can use a client's self-report to determine and appropriate diagnosis.

Output: False. It can be used as an informal assessment, to evaluate general emotional status and to obtain sense of their self-concept


Input: During the initial stage of crisis intervention you would...

Output: identify the precipitating factor


Input: A common medication for treatment of Bi-Polar Disorder is...

Output: Lithium


Input: Concepts of preaffiliation, power & control, differentiation & separation are associated with...

Output: Boston Model of Group Development


Input: Social work is historically linked to

Output: The Charity Organization Movement


Input: If your primary therapeutic concern is the client's conscious moitivation you are probably a...

Output: Behavioral Therapist


Input: The poor remain poor due to inherent personal, behaviorial, or social characteristics or self-defeating patterns of adaptation is...

Output: blaming the victim


Input: A patient with Dyspareunia is likely to suffer from...

Output: painful sexual relations


Input: Diagnosis of primary insomnia cannot be used unless the symptoms...

Output: include difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep for at least one month


Input: Most common age group for panic disorders is...

Output: between late adolescence and mid 30's


Input: Conduct disorders usually manifest themselves at what age?

Output: Between 6 & 16


Input: In defining & cataloging, DSM IV uses what kind of approach?

Output: a descriptive approach


Input: Idea that no one receiving benefits that exceed the wages of the lowest paid worker stems from...

Output: The Elizabethan Poor Laws with the policy of "lesser eligibility"


Input: The concept of "friendly visitors" is associated with..

Output: Charity Organization Societies


Input: What term is used to describe costs for administration, planning, program development, and misc.

Output: Overhead


Input: The group of line items that are non-staff or indirect costs such as utilities, telephone, rent, public relations, etc.

Output: Below-the-line costs


Input: To establish a professional relationship, you must convey...

Output: positive acceptance


Input: True or False A committee of the legislature formed to review a specific issue & make recommendations in a specific time period is not a standing committee.

Output: True; Special committee, Select committee, Legislative task-force


Input: Examples of "in-kind assistance"

Output: food stamps, Medicaid, Public Housing


Input: Dysfunctional families that try to maintain the appearance of open, reciprocal relationship with each other are...

Output: Pseudo-mutuality


Input: The Colonial Poor Laws establish the principle of...

Output: Local public responsibility


Input: If a group leader of a mental health agency encourages members to socialize outside of group, the group is probably

Output: a supportive group


Input: A chronic schizophrenic is stable & released from inpatient, what kind of group would be recommended?

Output: A supportive group


Input: Optimal size for a therapy group is ...

Output: 8 - 10


Input: Most usual physical symptoms of major depressive episode is...

Output: sleep problems, loss of appetite, decreased energy


Input: To qualify for a major depressive episode, symptoms must last..

Output: at least two weeks


Input: Quasi-public organizations' main purpose is...

Output: Main purpose: fulfill government goals w/ support of public agencies & are under control of government through board & executive staff appt.


Input: They complain of sleeplessness, loss of appetite, feelings of hopelessness & apathy, what else would you most need to know?

Output: How long the symptoms have persisted.


Input: The primary role of group members in psychoanalytic group therapy is...

Output: Serve as a microcosm of the family and society


Input: Example of double-bind (lose/lose) communication

Output: Tell teen son to go out more while giving so many chores he doesn't have time to do homework or go out


Input: Example of paradoxical communication

Output: Tell an overprotective mother to be more careful with her children


Input: Cognitive theory focus is on

Output: dysfunctional ways of viewing the world


Input: Psychoanalytic help clients focus on

Output: their underlying roots of their behavior


Input: Gestalt therapy help clients focus on

Output: their perceptions


Input: Who sets the goal in strategic therapy?

Output: the therapist


Input: Is structural therapy long or short term?

Output: long term


Input: Is behavioral therapy long or short term?

Output: short term


Input: Can a psychiatrist do medical tests as well as psychological tests?

Output: Yes


Input: Would a Gestalt therapist analyze, ignore, discourage, or mimic a client's question?

Output: Discourage


Input: When facilitating a client, group, or community's ability to make decisions and progress toward problem solving they are acting ...

Output: in the role of enabler


Input: System shows ______ when parents can't maintain emotional connection & peers are the powerful influences

Output: Disengagement


Input: When should a social worker's perception of a client's problem be well formed?

Output: The first 2 or 3 contacts


Input: Case managers enhance which of Freud's personality structures?

Output: Ego


Input: Psychosocial Moratorium by Erickson is...

Output: experimentation with choice in values & lifestyle during adolescence in order to achieve a stable identity


Input: Which is a priorty in evaluating a teen for suicide: recent family conflict; difficulties with peers/academic work; recent move

Output: Recent family conflict


Input: The study of relationships among diseases, behavior and populations is..

Output: Epidemiology


Input: Live supervision DOES NOT allow supervisor to act as a co-therapist but it does allow

Output: guidance to be provided during the clinical interview


Input: Rothman's model of community organization views a group of tenants who decided to conduct a rent strikes as...

Output: Social Action


Input: When you help a client divide iterrelated problems into more manageable components & help client identify issues that need immediate attention ....

Output: Partialization


Input: A behavior or symptom that is ego dystonic is..

Output: uncomfortable and burdensome


Input: When group is fragmented after a few month & is tense & argumentative they are likely in this developmental stage.

Output: Power & control


Input: As women age, the % with orgasmic disorders that prevent them from orgasm is...

Output: likely to decrease


Input: True or False. Emeshment between parents is NOT usually found in alcoholic families.

Output: True


Input: If I continually worry a tunnel over a river I drive over will collapse & I will trapped in the car, I am suffering from...

Output: An obsession


Input: What type of program evaluation will help convince funding agencies of a successful treatment approach?

Output: Summative


Input: Clinical interventions that help clients obtain & sustain insight are...

Output: Interpretation, confrontation, affirmation, clarification


Input: 5 Goals of Bowen Extended Family Therapy

Output: Reframe problem as mulit-generational/Lower anxiety & turmoil/Differentiate/Therapist is healthy triangle/open closed ties w/ cutoff family


Input: Time frame for Adjustment Disorder & Bereavement.

Output: Adjustment: onset 3-6 months Normal bereavement- up to 2 months.


Input: Both crisis intervention and brief therapy focus on a specific issue, which one also focuses on pathology?

Output: Brief therapy


Input: A needs assessment is a

Output: survey


Input: AB design

Output: pre-test/post-test


Input: Object permiance is from Piaget an example is

Output: Mom will be there, I know what she looks like when she's not there


Input: Object constancy is from Mahler and is

Output: affective, feelings about Mom is still there when she isn't there


Input: Medication used with sucess for OCD

Output: Luvox


Input: 3 measures for VALIDITY

Output: Content/Construct/Criterion


Input: Who used logotherapy to use confrontation to create meaning

Output: Victor Frankl


Input: 4 Levels of Acculturation (Berry)

Output: Integration (+,+) Assimilation (+,-) Seperation (-, +) Marginalization (-,-)


Input: 4 Types of "circular" questioning from Milan Family Therapy

Output: Perspective (who more upset A or B); Now/Then (when did it begin); Difference in Degree (rate anxiety 1-5); Hypothetical (what if they got divorced?)


Input: What family therapy views family in 3 way mirror, one therapist meets family while other observes?

Output: Milan Family Therapy


Input: What is sustainment and what is the therapist's goals?

Output: 1st stage of crisis; supportive listening for catharsis, decrease anxiety & tension


Input: Allopolastic Behavior is

Output: changing the environment to adapt


Input: True or False Collaborative Family Therapy uses a reflecting team.

Output: True


Input: Family therapy that uses lifestories and the therapist is a co-learner and the client is the expert/teacher.

Output: Collaborative Family Therapy


Input: Which family therapist uses: power hierarchies/joining/restructure, tracking, & Memesis

Output: Minuchin's Structural Family Therapy


Input: Who discussed parataxic distortions (inability to tell past from present & distort other's goals)

Output: Sullivan Ego Psychologist/Neo-Freudian


Input: Anhedonia

Output: Part of depression, can't enjoy previously enjoyed activities


Input: Agnosia

Output: Part of dementia when you can't name common objects


Input: What is equifinity?

Output: (systems) meeting goal through different means


Input: Does a task centered therapist use coaching & feedback?

Output: Yes


Input: Sanquine temperment is

Output: optimistic, pleasant


Input: Phlegmatic temperment is

Output: slow, lazy, dull


Input: Choleric temperment is

Output: hot tempered


Input: Melancholy temperment is

Output: sad, depressed


Input: Who developed temperment theory (behaviorist with in-born personality)

Output: Eysenck


Input: Existential throwness is

Output: live authentically & be aware of your circumstances


Input: Existential fallenness refers to

Output: your social world


Input: What someone living a Restricted Existence might say

Output: "That's the way I am"; "I'm not going to change"


Input: An inauthentic life

Output: "choosing not to choose", not being responsible


Input: Mass Neurotic Triad by Frankl

Output: Depression/Addiction/Aggression


Input: De-reflection

Output: focus on others, less self reflection


Input: Freuds 4 stages of therapy

Output: opening, development, working through, resolving


Input: Anorexia as asceticism is

Output: renouncing interest in what others find pleasurable


Input: Epigenetic Principle (Erikson)

Output: predetermined unfolding of personality development (tasks & crisis)


Input: Who discusses Mistaken Lifestyle; Healthy Lifestyle

Output: Adler (strive for perfection/compensation/superiority)


Input: Adler's 3 types of energy

Output: Ruling Type Leaning Type Avoiding Type (socially useful type is healthy)


Input: Who discusses 5 orientations (personality types) Receptive;Exploitative; Hoarding; Marketing; Productive

Output: Fromm (Freud -unconscious; Marx -society; Freedom & Transcendence


Input: To learn new behavior Bandura says you must have...

Output: Attention/Retention/Reproduction & Modeliing


Input: Kadushin's 3 functions of supervision

Output: administration, education, support


Input: In strategical family therapy what is ordeal?

Output: do something unpleasant after symptom


Input: In strategical family therapy what is restraining?

Output: encourage them not to change


Input: In strategical family therapy what is positioning?

Output: exaggerate symptoms


Input: logo in Greek as used in Frankl's logotherapy refers to

Output: "spirit/God or meaning"


Input: When a family member who has problems is triangularized to stablize dyad it is called

Output: Family Projection Process (Bowen)


Input: In addition to focus on unconscious drives, ego analysis focuses on

Output: the present along with reparenting & function


Input: 3 types of crisis

Output: Situational, Motivational, Cultural


Input: 5 stages of crisis

Output: Hazardous event, Vulnerable state, Precipitating Factor, Active Crisis, Re-integration


Input: 3 symptoms of PTSD

Output: IAA Intrusion, Avoidance, Arousal


Input: What are the symptoms of DTs

Output: paranoid delusions, hallucinations, autonomic hyperactivity


Input: What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Output: alcohol induced persisting amnestic disorder with amnesia & confabulation


Input: True or False The role of problem-solver is part of community development?

Output: False, educator, enabler & planner


Input: To reduce stress & conflict Minuchin believed these 3 things function to maintain homeostatis

Output: triangulation (bring in a 3rd), coalitions (alliance between 2), detouring (parents focus on one of the kids)


Input: 6 basic step in planning a social program

Output: 1.Define target problem 2.formulate policies/goals 3.analyze resources 4. set objectives 5.designate how program will be carried out 6. evaluate


Input: Most fatal alcohol-related disease

Output: Wernicke- Karsokoff syndrome


Input: Which type of adminstrator believes workers need ongoing supervision and detailed instructions? Theory X or Y

Output: Theory X (similar to scientific management)


Input: What are the time frames for early and sustained remission?

Output: Early: more than a month but less than a year Sustained: more than a year


Input: What is the difference between full and partial remission?

Output: Full: doesn't meet criteria any more Partial:one or more criteria is met but not all


Input: Bowlby's 3 reactions of a child seperated from their primary caregivers.

Output: Protest: child refuses/cries Despair:gives up hope quiet, withdrawn, inactive Detachment: eventually accepts attention from others


Input: Which of Freud's defense mechanism is considered the foundation for neurotic behavior?

Output: Repression


Input: American Indian families are considered more collateral. What does that mean?

Output: Extended family and members of the tribe are considered immediate family


Input: external validity

Output: results can be generalized


Input: internal validity

Output: if design allows conclusion that Ind. variable are casually related to changes in dep. variable


Input: Most psychodynamic theorists believe focus with a borderline PD would be on...

Output: individuation


Input: Resettlement model states that during the destabilization phase (6mo-3yrs) treatment issues center on...

Output: hostility and resistance


Input: Arrival stage in Resettlement (1 week- 6 mo) treatment issues center on...

Output: sadness and guilt


Input: Exploration & Stablization in Resettlement (3-5 yrs ) treatment issues center on...

Output: isolation and fear


Input: Return to Normal Life Stage in Resettlement (5-7 yrs) treatment issues center on...

Output: delayed grief reaction and depression


Input: In full remission from Major Depression would indicate how long without symptoms

Output: at least 2 months


Input: In partial remission for major depression would indicate what?

Output: Not meeting full criteria or remission is less than 2 months


Input: What is gesticulation?

Output: act of making gestures (non-verbal communication)


Input: True or false The PRIMARY focus of child protective services is to protect children from maltreatment.

Output: False it is to rehabilitate abusive families


Input: An example of the Premack Principle

Output: eat your vegetables and then you can go out and play


Input: What is the purpose of a Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)

Output: tells type and severity of symptoms and helps track progress through treatment


Input: Which type of social power would try to show superior knowledge?

Output: Expert power


Input: Which type of social power would tell them they need to behave to stay part of the group?

Output: Referent power


Input: Which type of social power uses punishments for control?

Output: Coersive power


Input: Which type of social power emphasized his authority and/or duty to comply and says "I'm boss"

Output: Legitimate power


Input: Co-optation decreases opposition because...

Output: it includes someone from the opposing group


Input: Hypnosis would not be used for ...

Output: Substance abuse (except nicotine); Paranoia; Psychosis; OCPD


Input: Valildity is best described by

Output: Accuracy


Input: Some cultures avoid eye contact during speaking and listening and others do not, what is the norm for Asians, Native American, Caucasians, & African-Americans

Output: Caucasians prefer eye contact; Native Americans & Asians do not prefer it when speaking or listening; African Americans prefer it when speaking but not listening


Input: A therapist helps a client gradually get out of her house using exposure in small increments, what is the theoretical approach used?

Output: Cognitive therapy


Input: Kohlberg's "conventional morality" or good boy/bad boy stage is similar to...

Output: social awareness


Input: A humanistic approach would focus on ...

Output: assisting the client to make a decision for herself


Input: papaphrase is

Output: selective reinstatement of what was said (not exact) highlighting feelings


Input: interpretation

Output: includes something the client may not yet be aware of


Input: accent responses are

Output: repeating a word or phrase just used


Input: Best way to increase power of a statistical test is

Output: decrease error variance in dependent variable


Input: complication of binge eating and purging with a pottassium deficency with risk of kidney failure is called...

Output: hypokalemia


Input: Jellinek's model for viewing alcoholism is

Output: disease model


Input: Refusal to speak in specific situations for more than a month and not within the first month of school is referred to as:

Output: selective mutism


Input: Beck's cognitive approach would use this to induce desirable changes in a client...

Output: socratic questioning


Input: at start of therapy an African-American client with a Caucasian therapist is most likely to display...

Output: transference


Input: Arithmetic and Digit Span of WAIS III is used to assess

Output: attention span and concentration


Input: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test is divided into 2 parts, what are they?

Output: verbal and performance


Input: The goal of permanency planning is...

Output: provide continuity in the care of dependent children


Input: Describe group peer supervision.

Output: social workers at an agency meet to review case and treatment approaches and there is no designated leader


Input: Top five life stressors on Life Event Scale

Output: death of spouse or child, divorce, marital seperation, imprisonment, death of close relative


Input: What design should be used to study age on IQ

Output: cross-sequential (takes less time than longitudinal and is more accurate)


Input: Primary element in deciding vicarious liability is

Output: disparity in training and experience


Input: What branch of nervous system is triggered with asthma, when walls of the bronchi contract?

Output: parasympathetic


Input: Thorazine (Chlorpromazine) most common side effect is ...

Output: drowsiness


Input: A case manager's overall focus is a client's

Output: relationship with his environment


Input: Most effective way to increase likelyhood of recovery after relapse is...

Output: Shift attention from internal to external antecedents


Input: What should you recommend if an 18 month old could not walk or talk yet?

Output: Referral to a physician


Input: What do most clinical supervisors emphasize during supervision?

Output: clinical skills and how they use specific interventions


Input: Existential psychotherapy is what kind of approach?

Output: phenomenological


Input: Characteristics of Arab clients are:

Output: attribute illness to external forces, experience symptoms physcially rather than emotionally, may expect a quick cure with little self-disclosure, worry about shaming the family


Input: The best way to implement a new policy in an agency is to

Output: distribute written material about the new policy and discuss it at a staff meeting


Input: When using DBT in individual counseling of someone with BPD your priority is

Output: addressing suicidal behavior


Input: In Hispanic clients describe "formalismo" and "personalismo"

Output: formalismo (intial contact) formal interactions persnonalismo(afterward) personal connection & warmth "small talk"


Input: For a behaviorist, use of antabuse with an alcoholic is an example of

Output: aversive counterconditioning


Input: If a child has a learning disorder what else is likely to be present?

Output: poor social skills and behavior problems


Input: If data consists of the "number of subjects in categories" what kind of design can be used?

Output: chi-square


Input: Client has severe manic symptoms and has had prominent delusions not present in the interview, what differential diagnosis might be made?

Output: Schizoaffective Disorder


Input: What is an appropriate type of assessment tool for people from different cultures?

Output: informal assessment system


Input: What is an example of qualitative research?

Output: participant observation


Input: Overgeneralized beliefs of what a male and female are actually like are...

Output: gender-role stereotypes


Input: A structural family therapist views a symptom as...

Output: maladaptive reaction to change


Input: What medicine, whose side effect can result in a serious blood disorder and requires a weekly blood test?

Output: Clorazil


Input: An alcoholic most frequently uses what defense mechanism?

Output: Projection


Input: This family therapist discourages blame and works for each family member to look at their role in the presenting problem.

Output: Bowen


Input: When working with only one family member, Bowen would choose which family member?

Output: The MOST differentiated, and likely to change. This is believed to reverberate through the family


Input: Minuchin's Structural therapy would use these interventions:

Output: Joining as a leader, evaluating family transactional patterns, power hierarchies, alignments & boundaries


Input: Each year, an agency starts a budget off from scratch and has to justify each financial request. What kind of budget is this?

Output: Zero-based budget


Input: An agency must have explicit categories of spending with authorization for how much can be spent. What kind of budget is this?

Output: Line-item budget


Input: Why is 6-8 weeks the optimal time-frame for crisis intervention?

Output: This is the usual life-span of a crisis


Input: Someone with schizophrenia is taking Prolixen what is the most dangerous side effect?

Output: seizures


Input: Boy with IQ of 75 and some mild social skills deficits, the most likely diagnosis is

Output: Borderline Intellectual functioning (V code on Axis II)


Input: When billing private health insurance, what is most important to include...

Output: DSM diagnosis & medical necessity


Input: Research indicates that during the second or middle phrase of treatment what can be expected?

Output: reduction of symptoms


Input: If a boy is having difficulty making friends and needs help to effectively cope in interpersonal relationship, what would a behavorist focus on?

Output: problem solving skills training


Input: in a positively skewed distribution, ranked from highest to lowest value...

Output: mean, median, mode


Input: The least relavent factor in assessing ego functioning is...

Output: gender


Input: A major assumptiom of crisis theory is...

Output: one can learn to cope with stress


Input: Symptoms of hyperthyroidism are:

Output: excitability, increased appetite with weight loss, nervousness, confusion, fatigue, insomnia, increased heart rate, metabolism & body temp.


Input: Symptoms of hypothyroidism are:

Output: lethargy, slowed heart rate & metabolism, decreased libido & body temp., decrease appetite with weight gain, depression, impaired memory & concentration


Input: A significant goal of a ego analyst is ...

Output: greater awareness of conscious control of events underlying the problem


Input: A significant goal of object relations theory is...

Output: restoring the ability to relate to other people in a meaningful realistic ways


Input: A significant goal of Adler Individual psychology is...

Output: (healthy lifestyle) awareness of lifestyle patterns, strengthen social interests, & development of a more productive style of life.


Input: How would a client-centered therapist view diagnosis?

Output: as an unnecessary and possible harmful process


Input: in an "informal organization" relationship between agency personnel are...

Output: voluntary


Input: What is likely to happen if sustainment techniques are used in an initial assessment to reduce anxiety about a presenting problem?

Output: It will reduce the client's motivation to change


Input: What are sustainment interventions?

Output: providing support & reassurance


Input: When facilitating a client's acculturation, it is usually unimportant to focus on this domain as it usually develops without interference?

Output: social network


Input: Does ego psychology focus and emphasize unconscious forces?

Output: No (although based on Freud,it is more the present)


Input: Describe "cultural and functional paranoia".

Output: Cultural is a healthy reaction to racism Functional is unhealthy & pathological reaction


Input: What is confluent paranoia?

Output: High levels of cultural and functional paranoia & should be refered to the same cultured therapist


Input: Out of Prozac, Haldol, Valium, & Clozaril, which is the most dangerous for overdose?

Output: Valium (benzo are the most dangerous)


Input: What symptoms are generally most common in children with Major depression?

Output: somatic complaints, irritability, social withdrawl


Input: What is the control in a single subject study?

Output: subject


Input: A structural therapist would FIRST use what interventions?

Output: Tracking (identify family values), Mimesis (adopting the family affect) These are from the Joining phase.


Input: True or False Medication has not been found to be useful with AntiSocial Personality Disorder.

Output: True


Input: The primary purpose of a functional analysis is...

Output: To determine the stimuli that typically precedes and follow the target behavior


Input: Dr. recieves a fixed dollar amount over a set period of time to cover the medical needs of fixed # of clients. The fees are ....

Output: capitated


Input: When is a referral considered complete?

Output: When you verify the client has followed through


Input: What are ventilation procedures and what is their ultimate purpose?

Output: Express pent up feelings for immediate relief. Purpose is obtain info on client's thoughts and feelings.


Input: In crisis intervention would you be concerned about personality dynamics contributing to the crisis?

Output: No, crisis intervention is not concerned with pathology.


Input: 4 Potential reflecting errors are :Timing, Depth, stereotyping & language, explain each.

Output: Depth: reading more or less in statement Timing: waiting for long monologe to finish & trying to summarize Stereotyping: beginning response the same way each time Language: using slang, etc.


Input: To enter info into notes about child abuse you should summarize the information and use subjective or objective impressions?

Output: subjective


Input: True or False A pattern of decit is NOT a characteristic of Oppositional Defiant Disorder.

Output: True it's part of conduct and APD


Input: Open systems over time become more or less differentiated over time?

Output: More differentiated


Input: The best intervention with a client who is alcohol dependent and has difficulty remaining abstinent is...

Output: Gorski's relapse prevention approach


Input: With DPT for BPD what is the purpose for teaching "distress tolerance skills"?

Output: to help the client cope with crisis and feelings of misery by increasing acceptance


Input: What test could be used to assess capacity to change and current level of functioning?

Output: MSE Mental Status Exam


Input: What type of therapy has a goal of "self-cohesion"?

Output: Kohurt's self psychology (they need mirroring & twinship)


Input: Problem-solving casework would be most concerned with...

Output: client's motivation, capacity, and opportunity to solve her problems


Input: A key component of empathy is

Output: REFLECTING the client's feelings


Input: Some techniques used by Beck's cognitive therapy are...

Output: Label cognitive distortions, plan client's daily activities, question evidence underlying cognitive distortions


Input: RET's ABCs

Output: A external event B belief you have about event C emotion or behavior from B


Input: What kind of therapist would work to identify events that activate irrational beliefs?

Output: RET (Rational Emotive Therapy) Ellis


Input: Employees vulnerable to burn out tend to be...

Output: insecure hard workers who are unfulfilled in their personal lives


Input: If a client is reporting symptoms in an effort to get pain meds, you would suspect...

Output: Malingering


Input: If a client is reporting symptoms in order to maintain the sick role, you might suspect...

Output: ficticious disorder


Input: In brief dynamic therapy how does change occur and how long does does therapy last?

Output: Change occurs when specific symptoms have been removed (1-20 sessions)


Input: Study's dependent variable is measured on a nominal scale, at most what can researchers do with the data?

Output: compare frequencies


Input: A group of individuals with common purposes, functions, and professional interests are an example of ...

Output: functional community


Input: First choice of intervention for a boy with conduct disorder is...

Output: Family therapy, Specifically social learning family interventions.


Input: General systems theory believes when a family member deviates from family rules, another family member will...

Output: use NEGATIVE feedback to restore homeostasis


Input: For elderly people, sexual activity is MOST related to...

Output: sexual activity earlier in life NOT attitudes towards sex


Input: It is most appropriate to give a client clear, specific advice when..

Output: the client is emotionally overwhelmed.


Input: When using cognitive therapy with a client with Anorexia Nervosa the focus would be on...

Output: client's unrealistic evalutation of her body and weight


Input: Cycle of battering could be synonymous with...

Output: brutality/despair/love/reunion/ seperation/brutality


Input: What type of therapy discusses strokes & scripts, ego states, & uses empty chair to explore interactions with others

Output: TA Transactional Analysis Berne


Input: Following a session a client with BPD hugs the therapist, how should the therapist interpret this action?

Output: The client is not respecting boundaries


Input: After 6 months of steady progress with a client with BPD, they show anger and claims she is being judged unfairly. How do you interpret this change?

Output: The client is making progress and is anxious


Input: A recently adopted 3 yr. old rhythmically rocks back & forth often and wakes up crying at night. What should you recomend to the Mom?

Output: Obtain foster mother's pre-placement report


Input: What are the 4 different ways data can be measured?

Output: Nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio


Input: What is nominal measurement?

Output: uses a labels or names for a category: can only find mode married or not married/ yes or no


Input: What is ordinal measurement?

Output: bad/fair/good 1st/2nd/3rd rate pain; rank order; can find mode or median NOT mean Medical condition is example


Input: What is interval scale?

Output: IQ is an example; temp. is an example with set intervals of difference


Input: In advance, you specify the consequences of behavior and use tokens to reinforce postitive behavior & extinguish negative behavior you are using...

Output: contingency contracts


Input: a theory or hypothesis developed from data generated from interviews and observations of people in their own environment.

Output: grounded theory


Input: An ego analyst is MOST likely to describe maladaptive behavior as A. the ego's inability to resolve conflicts using rational means B. splitting of the ego into libidinal & antilibidinal components C.result of abnormalities in early object relations D. the ego's loss of autonomy from the id or reality

Output: D. the ego's loss of autonomy from the id or reality.


Input: A Gestalt therapist would MOST likely respond to a client's transference by ....

Output: making sure the client understands that the therapist is not the object of her transference


Input: A premise underlying Beck's CT is that:

Output: each psychological disorder has it's own cognitive characteristics


Input: Stress inoculation involves:

Output: the acquition of coping skills


Input: Paraphrasing is primarily used to:

Output: demonstrate awareness of COGNITIVE aspects of what a client has said.


Input: Ecological Concepts

Output: Transactional view of person-environment/goodness of fit/stress/habitat/coping/niche/ relatedness/systems


Input: Ecological Model underlie the ___________ approach to treatment.

Output: Life Model Approach


Input: 2 primary concepts to Life Model (see Lewin's field theory) approach are:

Output: Life space (life transitions, interpersonal processes, environment) & Problems with living


Input: Of the following, which is NOT an element of task-centered treatment: A. modifying distorted perceptions B. emphasis on ego functions C. advice giving D. rehearsal

Output: B. emphasis on ego functions


Input: The psychosocial model can be characterized by...

Output: scientific objectivity and client self-determination


Input: Brief task-centered treatment emphasizes...

Output: coaching, giving immediate feedback and setting clear and explicit therapeutic goals


Input: When just beginning an interview with an abused child, it is most appropriate to focus on:

Output: topics other than the abuse


Input: Will clear punishment of an abuser, such as imprisonment, following discloser tend to reduce the negative short & long-term effects of incest upon a child victim?

Output: No


Input: Lenore Walker's cycle of violence in sequence are:

Output: tension building/ acute battering incident/ loving contrition (honeymoon)


Input: An employee is always extremely friendly to his boss whom he really despises. What kind of defense mechanism is he using?

Output: reaction formation


Input: The task-centered model suggests that problems:

Output: arise from unfulfilled desires and are inevitable


Input: The victims of physical abuse are of all ages, but _____ are subjected to the most severe acts of violence.

Output: toddlers & adolescents


Input: The primary goal of services provided by CPS units is best defined as:

Output: protection of abused and neglected children


Input: The underutilization of mental health services by African-Americans probably results from cultural values that inhibit self-referral &...

Output: cultural values that encourage resolution of problems within the family.


Input: You recieve a call from a woman who tells you she is receiving therapy from another social worker, but wants to see you too. You should...

Output: make an appointment to discuss the situation further


Input: A new client, a house painter, offers to paint your house in exchange for therapy. If you decide to accept this arrangement you will be acting...

Output: ethically, if certain conditions are met & you can demonstrate the arrangement doesn't harm the client or the professional relationship.


Input: When faced with approach-avoidance conflict the closer we get to the goal...

Output: the stronger our desire to avoid it


Input: Stranger anxiety, a sign of the mother-child attachment usually begins at what age?

Output: 8-10 months


Input: in classical conditioning, extinction refers to...

Output: presentation of the CS without the US


Input: symptoms of shaken baby syndrome include:

Output: lethargy, crying, vomiting, loss of appetite, seizures


Input: According to Warren, a key function of communities is

Output: social control


Input: True or False Foster children are NOT guaranteed visitation with their biological parents

Output: True


Input: You are LEAST likely to treat a child with Conduct disorder with...

Output: insight-oriented psychotherapy


Input: Aversive conditioning for paraphilias is best when...

Output: used alone


Input: True or False Disorganized thinking is associated with Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium (DTs) but not Alcohol Withdrawl w/o DT.

Output: true


Input: To reduce risk of relapse for a Schizophrenic the best treatment is...

Output: a neuroleptic (anti-psychotic) plus family intervention


Input: What is the minimum duration of symptoms for a diagnosis of Seperation Anxiety Disorder.

Output: 4 weeks/one month


Input: Tardive dyskinesia is most associated with ...

Output: phenothiazine (anti-psychotics)


Input: As part of a clinical team assessing a client, a social worker's PRIMARY role is to...

Output: compile a social history


Input: Examples of Vegetative symptoms include...

Output: sleep disturbances, changes in appetite or weight, loss of energy or frequent fatigue & changes in sexual function. (sex, sleep, food, energy)


Input: Which is NOT an example of an ego function: self-regulation; realtity testing capacity; social-role functioning; thought processes?

Output: social role functioning


Input: With the exception of bipolar I disorder single manic episode, the bipolar mood disorders involve...

Output: recurrent mood episodes


Input: What are the 4 factors of the PIE systems?

Output: 1. problems in social role functioning 2. problems in environment 3. mental health problems 4. physical health problems


Input: Which program evaluation evaluates expected results, and may include client's perception of a program?

Output: outcome model


Input: Which program evaluation monitors whether or how well administrators and staff adhere to relevant standards when implementing a program?

Output: quality assurance model


Input: Which program evaluation studies the impact of an organizations & environment on a program & investigates variables that may be related to program changes?

Output: systems analysis model


Input: What is the difference between reframing and relabeling with a family?

Output: Both help to perceive or understand a problem in a new light but reframing usually works to change understanding a behavior or symptom from an indivdual to family problem.


Input: During the first few sessions(remoralization stage) feelings of _______ & ________ decline.

Output: hoplessness, desperation


Input: During the middle phase of treatment(remediation), the client experiences...

Output: reduction of symptoms


Input: In the final phases of treatment (rehabilitation), the client...

Output: unlearns troublesome, maladaptive, habitual behaviors and learns new ways of dealing with various aspects of life.


Input: __________ is a sleep disorder characterized by daytime sleep attacks in which the person goes to sleep at any place or at any time.

Output: Narcolepsy

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Two disorders treated with CNS stimulants are ___________ and ___________.

Output: ADHD, and narcolepsy

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: __________ is the most common psychiatric or neurobehavioral disorder in children.

Output: ADHD

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Studies indicate that children with ADHD are more likely to have ________ _________ mood disorders and substance abuse disorders as adolescents and adults.

Output: Learning disabilities

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Stimulate the cerebral cortex increasing metal alertness and decreasing drowsiness and fatigue.

Output: Xanthines

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Used in the treatment of narcolepsy and ADHD.

Output: Amphetamines and methylphenidate

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Closely related to drugs that share characteristics of the amphetamines as a group.

Output: Amphetamine, dextroaphetamine (Dexedrine), and methamphetamine (desoxyn)

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Frequently consumed CNS stimulant worldwide, mostly obtained from dietary sources (ex. coffee, tea, and soft drinks). Especially consumed in large quantities by nursing students who stay up all night studying.

Output: Caffeine Bring on the java!!!

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Second line drug for the treatment of ADHD in children and adults with a low risk for abuse and dependence compared with the other drugs used for ADHD.

Output: Atomoxetine (strattera)

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Discuss the psychosocial characteristics of ADHD.

Output: ADHD is the most common psychiatric or neurobehavioral disorder in children. It is usually diagnosed between 3 and 7 yrs of age and may affect as many as 6 to 7 % of school aged children. It is characterized by persistent hyperactivity, short attention span, difficulty completing assigned tasks or school work restlessness, and impulsiveness. Such behaviors make it difficult for the child to get along with others and to function in situations requiring controlled behavior.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Describe the signs and symptoms of narcolepsy.

Output: Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by daytime sleep attacks in which the person goes to sleep at any place or at any time. Signs and symptoms also include excessive daytime drowsiness, fatigue, muscle weakness and hallucinations at onset of sleep, and disturbances of nighttime sleep patterns.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: In addition to drug treatments what might be done to treat narcolepsy?

Output: In addition to drug therapy prevention of sleep deprivation regular sleeping and waking time avoiding shift work, and short naps may be helpful in reducing daytime sleepiness.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Describe the characteristics of CNS stimulants.

Output: CNS stimulants act by facilitating initiation and transmission of nerve impulses that excite other cells. The drugs are somewhat selective in their actions at lower doses but tend to involve the entire CNS at higher doses. In behavior and interpersonal relationships.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: How do amphetamines affect brain function?

Output: Amphetamines increase the amounts of norepinephrine doamine,and possibly aerotonin in the brain there by producing mood elevation or euphoria increasing metal alertness and capacity for work, decreasing fatigue and drowsiness and prolonging wakefulness.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Joseph Bean a college student present to the emergency room with palpitations and signs and symptoms of CNS stimulation. He states that he has been awake for 72hrs studying and keeps awake using power drinks and caffeine. Which of the following statements indicate that this education plan has been effective? a. Caffeine can cause life threatening health problems with excessive intake. b. Energy drinks do not contain caffeine; if the are not combined with excessive caffeine intake the will not cause adverse side effects. c. Caffeine did not cause my symptoms. I have the flu. d. Caffeine is not an ingredient of energy drinks

Output: a. Rationale: All of the CNS stimulants including caffeine can cause life threatening health problems with excessive intake.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Which of the following are the characteristics of symptoms of narcolepsy? (select all that apply) a. Difficult to rouse in the morning. b. Unpredictable sleep during daytime hours. c. Transient insomnia d. Daytime drowsiness.

Output: b,d Rationale: Narcolepsy is characterized by day time drowsiness and unpredictable sleep attacks.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Which of the following effects do CNS stimulants have on behavior and attention in patients with ADHD? a. Restoring b. Deteriorationg c. Improving d. Contravening

Output: c Rationale: CNS stimulants improve behavior and attention in patients with ADHD.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: When does ADHD usually start and resolve? a. Starts in childhood and resolves by adolescence. b. Starts in childhood and resolves by adulthood c. Starts in childhood and resolves before adolescence. d. Starts in childhood and may persist through adulthood.

Output: d. Rationale: ADHD usually starts in childhood and may persist through adulthood.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: ADHD is characterized by which of the following? (select all that apply) a. Hyperactivity b. Improved retention c. Impulsivity d. Short attention span.

Output: a,c,d Rationale: ADHD is characterized by hyperactivity impulsivity and a short attention span.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Mr. Adams age 75 is given an order fro a CNS stimulant secondary to a new diagnosis of narcolepsy. He begins to experience signs and symptoms of excessive CNS stimulation. He is likely to also experience an exacerbation of which of the preexisting conditions. a. diabetes b. cardiac dysrhythmias c. gout d. hyperparthyroidism

Output: b. Rationale: Older adults are likely to experience anxiety confusion, insomnia, and nervousness from excessive CNS stimulation. In addition older adults often have cardiovascular disorders that may be aggravated by the cardiac stimulating effects of the drugs including dietary caffeine. In general reduced doses are safer in older adults.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease


Input: Which of the following may affect medication dosage adjustment for the child with ADHD as he or she matures? a. onset of puberty b. change in hepatic metabolism c. brain growth d. Musculoskeletal growth

Output: b. Rationale: A drug holiday is recommended at least annually to evaluate the child's treatment regimen. Dosage adjustments are usually needed as the child grows and hepatic metabolism slows. Also drug holidays decrease weight loss and growth suppression.

PSY 201 Pharm CH 15 Flashcards - Cram.com

ADHD Or what so many of us have after spending all night studying for a test. ADD aka Ass dragging disease