Input: Note: Any agonist at high enough concentration will affect what?

Output: any alpha and beta receptor

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: What are two types of adrenergic antagonists?

Output: alpha and beta blockers

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: Alpha blockers have non selective and a1 selective drug types, give an example of each

Output: blocker/nonselective: phentolamine (Regitine) a1 selective: prazosin

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: Beta blockers have non selective (antagonists) and b1 selective antagonists, give an example of each

Output: antagonist: propanolol (Inderal) b1 selective: metoprolol (lopressor

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: What are the adverse effects of phentolamine (regitine)

Output: reflex tachycardia, OH

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: How is regitine administered? a) IV b) intramuscularly c) orally d) a and b

Output: d)

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: What are the adverse effects of prazosin (minipress)?

Output: reflex tachycardia, OH

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: Prazosin treats what and is given how?

Output: HTN, given orally

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: What are adverse effects of propanolol (inderal)?

Output: some bronchoconstriction and increased airway resistance; excess depression of cardiac function

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: Who should not take beta blockers?

Output: COPD or asthmatic people

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: How are beta blockers or propanolol given?

Output: orally or IV

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: what are the adverse effects of metoprolol (lopressor)?

Output: excess depression of cardiac function

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: How is Lopressor administered?

Output: orally or IV

Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards - Cram.com

chol agonists (cholinomemetics) and anti-cholinergic drugs (cholinergic antagonists)


Input: What is consequence management?

Output: Interagency services and emergency response force actions essential to mitigate and recover from damage, loss, hardship or suffering resulting from disasters or catastrophes, either manmade or natural.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is counterintelligence?

Output: Information gathered and activities conducted to protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements thereof, foreign organizations, foreign persons or international terrorist activities.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is crisis management?

Output: Measures taken to anticipate, prevent, resolve and / or contain a terrorist threat or incident; it may subsequently include a follow-on investigation and preparation of legal proceedings.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is defense in depth?

Output: The siting of mutually supporting defense positions designed to absorb and progressively weaken attack, prevent initial observations of the whole position by the enemy and to allow the commander to maneuver the reserve.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is force protection conditions?

Output: A Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff-approved program standardizing the military services’ identification of and recommended responses to terrorist threats and terrorist acts against U.S. personnel and facilities. This program facilitates interservice coordination and support for AT activities.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Explain the Naval Vessel Protective Zone

Output: A United States Coast Guard regulation that states: (a) all vessels within 500 yards of a U.S. Naval vessel shall operate at the minimum speed necessary to maintain a safe course and shall proceed as directed by the official patrol (senior naval or Coast Guard officer present), (b) no vessel is allowed within 100 yards of a U.S. naval vessel, (c) vessels requesting to pass within 100 yards of a US naval vessel shall contact official patrol on VHF Channel 16 and follow their direction, (d) commercial vessels at anchor may remain at anchor if a naval vessel passes them within 100 yards and (e) violations of the Naval Vessel Protection Zone are felonies, punishable by up to six years in prison and fines up to $250,000.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Terrorist threat levels are assessment by a minimum of what 5 elements?

Output: terrorist group existence, capability, history, trends and targeting

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is the purpose of ATFP?

Output: To deter, detect, defend, mitigate and recover from the consequences of terrorist attacks via the implementation of coherent baseline security measures.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Who may issue terrorism threat level assessments?

Output: The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and the unified commander

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: The acquired, assessed or demonstrated level of capability to conduct terrorist attacks.

Output: Operational Capability

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Actions indicative of preparations for specific terrorist operations.

Output: Intentions

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Recently demonstrated anti-U.S. activity or stated or assessed intent to conduct such activity

Output: Activity

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: The circumstances of the country under consideration

Output: Operating Environment

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON are based on a combination of what factors?

Output: 1. The terrorist threat level. 2. The capability to penetrate existing physical security systems. 3. The risk of terrorist attack to which personnel and assets are exposed. 4. The asset’s ability to execute its mission even if attacked. 5. The protected asset’s criticality to their missions. Figure

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON Normal

Output: applies when a general global threat of possible terrorist activity exists and warrants a routine security posture

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON Alpha

Output: applies when there is an increased general threat of possible terrorist activity against personnel or facilities, the nature and extent of which are unpredictable. Alpha measures must be capable of being maintained indefinitely

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON Bravo

Output: applies when an increased or more predictable threat of terrorist activity exists. Sustaining Bravo measures for a prolonged period may affect operational capability and relations with local authorities

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON Charlie

Output: applies when an incident occurs or intelligence is received indicating some form of terrorist action or targeting against personnel or facilities is likely. Prolonged implementation of Charlie measures may create hardship and affect the activities of the unit and its personnel

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: FPCON Delta

Output: applies in the immediate area where a terrorist attack has occurred or when intelligence is received that terrorist action against a specific location or person is imminent. Normally, this FPCON is declared as a localized condition. FPCON Delta measures are not intended to be sustained for substantial periods.

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Protection of Naval Personnel and Activities against Acts of Terrorism and Political Turbulence, for ashore commands

Output: OPNAVINST 3300.54

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Antiterrorism Force Protection for Naval Operations Commanders Guide and in Chief of Naval Operations message traffic

Output: For afloat commands

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: functions as the Marine Corps’ collection and production manager and as the primary coordination link with ONI expeditionary intelligence analysis and production assets

Output: MCIA - Marine Corps intelligence Activity

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: brings military and civilian employees into a single command to provide a single source for national-level maritime intelligence. provide national-level maritime intelligence to support joint warfighters, the Department of the Navy and national agencies and departments.

Output: NMIC- National Maritime Intelligence Center

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: critical source for assisting in domestic threat reporting and port vulnerability analyses.

Output: Coast Guard Intelligence Coordination Center - ICC

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Navy’s executive agent for cryptology, information warfare and command-and-control warfare. responsible for cryptologic planning and programming, system acquisition, training and administration of naval cryptologic field activities around the world.

Output: Naval Security Group

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: assumes responsibility for all joint intelligence transformation, experimentation and training

Output: Joint Forces Intelligence Command

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Who has primary investigative and counterintelligence jurisdiction within the Department of the Navy.

Output: NCIS

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Who is responsible for collecting, processing, storing and disseminating counterintelligence information regarding persons or organizations not affiliated with the Department of Defense

Output: NCIS

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What is issued to notify commanders when all-source analysis indicates that the near-term potential for a terrorist event has increased, but the situation does not necessarily warrant raising the overall threat level.

Output: Spot message by the MTAC

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: What type of messages are disseminated by MTAC when intelligence indicates that a specific, imminent and credible terrorist threat exists.

Output: Blue Dart

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Who has the responsibility to coordinate international activities related to the prevention, preparation, response and recovery from a terrorist incident and for the protection of U.S. citizens and interests overseas.

Output: Secretary of State

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: Who is responsible for instituting Navy ATFP programs and supporting them with adequate planning, programming and budgeting. Other responsibilities include: 1. Ensuring adequate force protection of forces, installations and DOD personnel and dependents. 2. Incorporating ATFP policy and standards into Navy doctrine and ensuring ATFP doctrine is compatible with joint doctrine. 3. Instituting ATFP training programs. 4. Ensuring all Navy installations and activities conduct comprehensive ATFP program reviews and assessments. 5. Developing a Navy-oriented ATFP strategic plan that details the vision, mission, goals and performance measures in support of DOD’s Antiterrorism Strategic Plan.

Output: Secretary of the Navy

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: This exists around U.S. naval vessels greater than 100 feet in length, including Military Sealift Command vessels, at all times in the navigable waters of the United States, whether the vessel is underway, anchored, moored or within a floating drydock, except when the vessel is moored or anchored within a restricted area or within a naval defensive sea area.

Output: NVPZ- Naval Vessel Protective Zone

NWP 3-07.2 Navy Doctrine for antiterrorism/force protection Flashcards - Cram.com

A plan that documents the specific measures taken to establish and maintain an antiterrorism / force protection program, ensuring readiness against terrorist attacks.


Input: [Excitability] Excitable Cells Nerve, muscle, and cardiac

Output: That is the name of the specially adapted cells that can generate energy and what are the different types?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Capacitance

Output: What is the term used to describe the ability of the membrane to separate electrical charges on one side of the membrane versus the other?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Conductance

Output: What is the term used to describe the ability of the membrane to move(transport) an electrical charge across the membrane from one side to the other?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Inside is the Intracellular Fluid (ICF) Outside is the Extracellular Fluid (ECF) The outside is split into plasma and interstitial fluid.

Output: In the cell model, what is the Fluid inside and outside of the cell called?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Squids because of their giant neuron.

Output: What is the main model used to study excitable membranes?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] -70 mV

Output: What is the net charge found on a membrane at rest?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Resting Potential

Output: What is the term used to describe the electrical charge of an excitable membrane when at rest?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Capacitance and conductance

Output: Resting potential is caused by the interaction of what two things?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Gibbs-Donnan Equilibrium

Output: What is the term for the equilibrium between the concentration gradient and the electrical gradient?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] 1) Concentration Gradient 2) Permeability 3) Electrical Gradient

Output: What three factors control the movement of ions into and out of the membrane?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Nernst Equation

Output: What is the name of the equation used to determine the force required for the concentration gradient and the electrical gradient to maintain equilibrium?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Diffusion

Output: What is the term used to describe the passive, random movement of a substance from a high concentration to a low concentration?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] ds/dt = Ds As (dc/dx) Ds = the diffusion coefficient (a measure of permeability) As = the surface area of the membrane available for the substance to diffuse across dc = the size of the concentration gradient dx = the thickness of the membrane

Output: What is the Fick Equation?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] It is maximized when As (surface area) is maximized and dx (thickness) is minimized. Some examples are the small intestines and the lungs.

Output: According to the Fick equation, when is maximum diffusion obtained and what are some examples of this?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Facilitated Diffusion

Output: What is the term used to define diffusion with the aid of a carrier molecule?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Active Transport

Output: What is the term used to describe the movement of a substance against the concentration gradient?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Passive transport gets its energy from the collision of the ions against one another creating kinetic energy through the Brownian movement. Active transport gets most of its energy from the splitting of ATP

Output: Where does the energy needed for diffusion come from?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] 1) High melting point 2) High heat of evaporation 3) High boiling point 4) High surface tension 5) Universal biological solvent

Output: What are the properties of water?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Electrolyte (salts, acids, and bases)

Output: What is the term used to describe a substance that disassociates 100% in it's charged ionic species?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Amphipathic

Output: What is a term used to describe a substance that has dual sympathy, such as it liking water but not liking water at the same time?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] 1) Evolutionary selective pressure 2) Form Follows Function 3) Regulation

Output: What are the three central themes (mechanisms) of physiology?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] It is the study of the function of living processes.

Output: What is a broad definition of physiology?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Milieu interieur (meaning internal environment)

Output: A concept discovered by Claude Bernard that said that living organisms preserve a distinct internal environment despite changes in the external environment.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Central pattern generators

Output: Discovered by C. Ladd Prosser, it is a group of neurons located in the central nervous system that produce a rhythmic neural output.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Reductionism

Output: A philosophical approach that asserts that complex processes can be understood in terms of their components.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Emergence

Output: A phenomenon in which the patterns and properties of a complex system are the result of the interactions of the component parts of that system, and are not necessarily predictable from the operation of those components in isolation.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] August Krogh principle

Output: Principle that for every biological problem, there is an organisms on which it can most conveniently be studied.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Conformers

Output: A strategy whereby the physicochemical properties of an animal (ex, temperature and osmolarity) parallel those of the environment.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Regulators

Output: Animals that maintain a degree of constancy in an internal physiochemical parameter (ex, osmolarity or temperature) despite external changes in the parameter.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Homeostasis

Output: A state of internal constancy that is maintained as a result of active regulatory processes.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Circadian rhythm

Output: Regular changes in gene expression, biochemistry, physiology, and behavior that cycle with a period of approximately 24 hours.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Reflex control pathway/ reflex arc

Output: A simple neural circuit that does not involve the conscious centers of the brain.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Antagonistic controls

Output: For a given step or pathway, sets of controls that exert opposing effects.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Negative feedback loop

Output: A regulatory mechanism whereby a step late in a pathway causes a decrease in the activity of a step earlier in the pathway to reduce the flow through the pathway.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Set-point

Output: In a homeostatically controlled system, the level at which the regulated variable is maintained.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Positive feedback loops

Output: A regulatory mechanism whereby a step late in a pathway causes an increase in the activity of a step earlier in the pathway to increase the flow through the pathway.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Phenotype

Output: The physical characteristics of an organism; the result of an interaction between the genotype and the environment.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Genotype

Output: The specific genetic makeup of an organism.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Phenotypic plasticity

Output: Production of different phenotypes by a single genotype as a result of environmental cues; may be reversible or irreversible.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Polyphenism

Output: A form of irreversible phenotypic plasticity, generally involving alternative developmental pathways.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Reaction norm

Output: The range of phenotypes that can be produced by a given genotype when it is exposed to different environments.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Acclimation

Output: A persistent but reversible change in a physiological function that occurs as a result of an alteration in an environmental parameter, such as temperature or photoperiod. It usually occurs as a result of an experimental manipulation.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Acclimatization

Output: A reorganization of physiological functions that occurs as a result of complex environmental changes, such as season or altitude.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Proximate cause

Output: The immediate or direct cause of an organismal structure, function, or behavior; usually refers to the development or physiological mechanism.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Ultimate cause

Output: Why an organism has a particular structure, function, or behavior; usually involves understanding the evolutionary advantage of the trait.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Adaptation

Output: A change in the genetic structure of a population as a result of natural selection

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Genetic drift

Output: A change in gene frequencies in a population over time as a result of random events.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] Founder effect

Output: A phenomenon in which the genotypic distribution of a population is a result of historical events that caused the population to be established by a small number of individuals; often associated with a reduction in genetic diversity.

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: [Excitability] 1) Physiological processes obey the laws of physics and chemistry. 2) Physiological processes are usually regulated. 3) The physiological phenotype is a product of the genotype and the environment. 4) A genotype is the product of evolution, acting through natural selection and other evolutionary processes.

Output: What are the four unifying themes in animal physiology discussed in the book?

Auburn BIOL 5240 Test 1 Flashcards - Cram.com

What is the term used to describe biological electricity?


Input: The neuromuscular junction is a well-studied example of a chemical synapse. Which of the following statements describes a critical event that occurs at the neuromuscular junction? a. Acetylcholine is released and moves across the synaptic cleft bound to a transport protein. b. When the action potential reaches the end of the axon terminal, voltage-gated sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse into the terminal. c. Acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the junctional folds of the sarcolemma. Its receptor is linked to a G protein. d. Acetylcholine is released by axon terminals of the motor neuron.

Output: d. Acetylcholine is released by axon terminals of the motor neuron.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Action potentials travel the length of the axons of motor neurons to the axon terminals. These motor neurons __________.

Output: extend from the brain or spinal cord to the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle fiber

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Calcium entry into the axon terminal triggers what events?

Output: Synaptic vesicles fuse to the plasma membrane of the axon terminal and release acetylcholine.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Acetylcholine binds to its receptor in the sarcolemma and triggers __________.

Output: the opening of ligand-gated cation channels

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Sodium and potassium ions do not diffuse in equal numbers through ligand-gated cation channels. Why?

Output: The inside surface of the sarcolemma is negatively charged compared to the outside surface. Sodium ions diffuse inward along favorable chemical and electrical gradients.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur after the events of the neuromuscular junction have transpired. The term excitation refers to which step in the process?

Output: Excitation, in this case, refers to the propagation of action potentials along the sarcolemma.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Excitation of the sarcolemma is coupled or linked to the contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber. What specific event initiates the contraction?

Output: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum initiates the contraction.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: A triad is composed of a T-tubule and two adjacent terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. How are these components connected?

Output: A series of proteins that control calcium release.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What is name given to the regularly spaced infoldings of the sarcolemma?

Output: transverse or T tubules

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Which of the following is most directly responsible for the coupling of excitation to contraction of skeletal muscle fibers?

Output: Calcium ions

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The cross bridge cycle is a series of molecular events that occur after excitation of the sarcolemma. What is a cross bridge?

Output: A myosin head bound to actin

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What structure is the functional unit of contraction in a skeletal muscle fiber?

Output: The sarcomere

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Calcium ions couple excitation of a skeletal muscle fiber to contraction of the fiber. Where are calcium ions stored within the fiber?

Output: Calcium ions are stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: After a power stroke, the myosin head must detach from actin before another power stroke can occur. What causes cross bridge detachment?

Output: ATP binds to the myosin head

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: How does the myosin head obtain the energy required for activation?

Output: The energy comes from the hydrolysis of ATP.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What specific event triggers the uncovering of the myosin binding site on actin?

Output: Calcium ions bind to troponin and change its shape.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: When does cross bridge cycling end?

Output: Cross bridge cycling ends when sufficient calcium has been actively transported back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum to allow calcium to unbind from troponin.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What causes the release of calcium from the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum within a muscle cell?

Output: arrival of an action potential

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The binding of calcium to which molecule causes the myosin binding sites to be exposed?

Output: troponin

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: A myosin head binds to which molecule to form a cross bridge?

Output: myosin

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What causes the myosin head to disconnect from actin?

Output: binding of ATP

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What energizes the power stroke?

Output: hydrolysis of ATP

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What is the role of calcium in the cross bridge cycle?

Output: Calcium binds to troponin, altering its shape.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What role does tropomyosin play in the cross bridge cycle?

Output: The displacement of tropomyosin exposes the active sites of actin, allowing cross bridges to form.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: How does troponin facilitate cross bridge formation?

Output: Troponin controls the position of tropomyosin on the thin filament, enabling myosin heads to bind to the active sites on actin.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What, specifically, is a cross bridge?

Output: myosin binding to actin

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What event causes cross bridge detachment?

Output: ATP binding to the myosin head

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Where in the cross bridge cycle does ATP hydrolysis occur?

Output: during the cocking of the myosin head

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: How/when does the myosin head cock back to store energy for the next cycle?

Output: ATP hydrolysis is used to re-cock the myosin head.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: BMD (2,3-butanedione 2-monoximime) inhibits myosin, such that ATP can bind to myosin but myosin is unable to hydrolyze the bound ATP. What effect would BMD have on the cross bridge cycle?

Output: Myosin heads would remain detached, unable to cock.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: During contraction, what prevents actin myofilaments from sliding backward when a myosin head releases?

Output: There are always some myosin heads attached to the actin myofilament when other myosin heads are detaching.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Which muscle fiber type is best suited for endurance activities?

Output: slow oxidative fibers

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Which of the following is not a usual result of resistance exercise? a. increase in the number of myofibrils within the muscle cells b. increase in the efficiency of the circulatory system c. increase in the efficiency of the respiratory system d. increase in the number of muscle cells

Output: d. increase in the number of muscle cells

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Myoglobin ________.

Output: stores oxygen in muscle cells

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Immediately following the arrival of the stimulus at a skeletal muscle cell there is a short period called the ________ period during which the events of excitation-contraction coupling occur.

Output: latent

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Creatine phosphate functions in the muscle cell by ________.

Output: storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Rigor mortis occurs because _____.

Output: no ATP is available to release attached actin and myosin molecules

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: During vigorous exercise, there may be insufficient oxygen available to completely break down pyruvic acid for energy. As a result, the pyruvic acid is converted to ________.

Output: lactic acid

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: An anaerobic metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPs per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules is ________.

Output: glycolysis

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: After nervous stimulation stops, what prevents ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction?

Output: acetylcholinesterase destroying the ACh

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Three discrete types of muscle fibers are identified on the basis of their size, speed, and endurance. Which of the following athletic endeavors best represents the use of red fibers?

Output: a long, relaxing swim

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Hypothetically, if a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped, ________.

Output: no muscle tension would be generated

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: What part of the sarcolemma contains acetylcholine receptors?

Output: motor end plate

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: True/False: Once a motor neuron has fired, all the muscle fibers in a muscle contract.

Output: False

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: True/False: The force of muscle contraction is controlled by multiple motor unit summation or recruitment.

Output: True

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The H zone contains

Output: thick filaments

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The tension generated in a muscle fiber is directly proportional to the

Output: number of cross bridges formed

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Each myosin head has

Output: a binding site for an ATP molecule and for an actin molecule, and the ability to swivel when powered by ATP.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The contraction cycle is triggered by the rise in __________ released from the SR.

Output: Ca2+

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Within a single fiber, the tension developed during a twitch depends on

Output: the length of the sarcomeres prior to contraction

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: When comparing complete tetanus with unfused tetanus, which is true?

Output: In complete tetanus, no relaxation occurs between stimuli, maximum tension is developed, and the muscle fiber is stimulated at a higher frequency.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: A motor unit consists of

Output: one neuron and the muscle fibers it controls

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: In muscles used for fine actions, such as controlling eye movement or use of the hand, a motor unit will have __________ muscle fibers when compared to a motor unit in muscles used for power and strength.

Output: very few

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: Asynchronous recruitment

Output: helps avoid fatigue during sustained muscle contractions, refers to different motor units taking turns maintaining muscle tension, and makes an entire muscle seem to contract smoothly.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: The force generated by a single muscle fiber

Output: can be increased by increasing the frequency of action potentials and due to summation.

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: A muscle fiber develops its maximum tension when it is in what position at the moment it is stimulated?

Output: at its typical resting length

d. Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.


Input: green organelles that capture energy from the sun to use in food making in the cell (photosynthesis) [CELL WALL]

Output: CHLOROPLAST

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: controls what goes in and out of the cell. It is the outer boundary around animal cell and is just inside the cell wall of a plant cell [CELL WALL]

Output: CELL MEMBRANE

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the control center of the cell that controls all activity [CELL WALL]

Output: NUCLEUS

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a clear,thick, gel-like fluid that fills in the cell and contains the organelles. [CELL WALL]

Output: CYTOPLASM

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: factories that produce proteins in the cell. [CELL WALL]

Output: RHIBOSOMES

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the power plant for the cell that converts food energy to energy the cell can use. [CELL WALL]

Output: MITOCHONDRIA

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: storage areas for food,water,and waste in the cell. not all animal cells have this. [CELL WALL]

Output: VACUOLES

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: small round structures that have chemicals to break down certain materials in the cell. [CELL WALL]

Output: LYSOSOMES

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: they package proteins and other materials to be sent to other parts of the cell [CELL WALL]

Output: GOLGI BODIES

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: voters' perception of a candidate policy [allegiant]

Output: candidate image

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an election in which the minority party is able to overcome the long-standing partisan orientation of the public based on temporary or short-term forces [allegiant]

Output: deviating election

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the constitutional or statutory right to vote [allegiant]

Output: franchise

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an election in which the traditional majority party maintains power based on the longstanding partisan orientation of the voters [allegiant]

Output: maintaining election

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the congressional and guber-natiorial elections that occur in the middle of the presidential term [allegiant]

Output: midterm election

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: efforts aimed at influencing people to vote in an election [allegiant]

Output: mobilization

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the feeling of being isolated from or not part of the political process and system [allegiant]

Output: political alienation

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the belief that one's opinions are important and the government will respect and respond to one's view [allegiant]

Output: political eficacy

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: voting that is based on an individual's estimation of how well a candidate will perform duties in the future. [allegiant]

Output: prospective voting

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a model of voter choice that suggests that an indiviudal will vote if the benefits of doing so outweigh the ocsts and will cast his or her ballot for candidates who are closets to sharing the individual's views on the issue [allegiant]

Output: rational choice model

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an election in which the minority party is able to build a relatively stable coalition to win election, and this coalition endures over a series of elections [allegiant]

Output: realigning election

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: an election in which the majority party regains power after a deviating election [allegiant]

Output: reinstating election

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: voting that is based on an indiviudual's evaluation of the past performance of a candidate [allegiant]

Output: restrospective voting

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a model explaining voter chocie that focuses on individual attitudes [allegiant]

Output: social psychological model (michigan model)

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the social background and economic status of a person [allegiant]

Output: socioeconomic status

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: a model explaing voter choice by considering factors such as religion, place of residence, and socioeconomic status [allegiant]

Output: sociological model (columbia model)

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: the percentage of elegible voters who cast votes in an election [allegiant]

Output: voter turnout

11:Voting behavior and political participation Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [CELL WALL] CHLOROPLAST

Output: green organelles that capture energy from the sun to use in food making in the cell (photosynthesis)

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] CELL MEMBRANE

Output: controls what goes in and out of the cell. It is the outer boundary around animal cell and is just inside the cell wall of a plant cell

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] NUCLEUS

Output: the control center of the cell that controls all activity

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] CYTOPLASM

Output: a clear,thick, gel-like fluid that fills in the cell and contains the organelles.

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] RHIBOSOMES

Output: factories that produce proteins in the cell.

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] MITOCHONDRIA

Output: the power plant for the cell that converts food energy to energy the cell can use.

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] VACUOLES

Output: storage areas for food,water,and waste in the cell. not all animal cells have this.

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] LYSOSOMES

Output: small round structures that have chemicals to break down certain materials in the cell.

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [CELL WALL] GOLGI BODIES

Output: they package proteins and other materials to be sent to other parts of the cell

Traditional Plant&Animal Cell VOCAB Foreign Language Flashcards - Cram.com

The rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the plant cell. It is made up of celluloses .


Input: [1] DNA [2]

Output: has codes that tell cells to perform certain functions. It specifies how proteins will be combined and DNA is exactly copied into new cell during reproduction

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Cells [2]

Output: vary in size, shape, function and form tissues with other similar cells to perform a function

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Organ System [2]

Output: organs working together to perform a task. 11 in the body Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Nervous Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Types of Tissue [2]

Output: Epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Epithelium [2]

Output: tissue covers and is glandular. It connects in sheets. Does not have its own blood supply and is dependent on diffusion from capillaries for food and oxygen Regenerates easily if well nourished -Simple epithelium: 1 layer of cells functions in absorption, secretion, and filtration -stratified epithelium: >1 layer of cells role in protection

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Connective Tissue [2]

Output: throughout body and connects parts. Has own blood supply, exceptions exist like ligaments. Examples of this tissue are: one, cartilage, adipose tissue, and blood (vasular) tissue

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Muscle Tissue [2]

Output: produces movement. -Skeletal: voluntary movement connects skeletal system -smooth: involuntary in walls of internal organs -cardiac: involuntary only in the heart

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Nervous Tissue [2]

Output: makes up neurons that send electrical impulses throughout the body. Neurons and supporting neurons make up the nervous system that include: brain, spinal cord, and nerves

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Integumentary System [2]

Output: skin. It protects internal tissues from injury, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate body temperature, barrier to foreign substances

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Skeletal System [2]

Output: support and protection for the body and a framework for muscle tissue to move. Stores minerals. Consist of: bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Muscular system [2]

Output: produces movement through contraction. Only skeletal muscles

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Nervous system [2]

Output: brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors. Body's control system. Sensory receptors detect stimuli and activates muscles or glands to respond. Fast acting

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Endocrine system [2]

Output: Controls body functions at a slower rate than nervous system. Glands secrete hormones that travel through blood to organs. Ex: Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, and adrenal regulate growth and metabolism. Also pancreas, testes, and ovaries

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Cardiovascular system [2]

Output: Heart, blood vessels, and blood. Travel system for substances like oxygen, hormones, and nutrients

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Lymphatic system [2]

Output: lymphatic nodes and vessels, spleen, and thoracic duct. Returns fluid leaked from cardiovascular system to blood vessels and helps to cleanse blood and houses white blood cells involved in protection.

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Respiratory system [2]

Output: Supplies all cells in body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Lungs have tiny air sacs called alveoli whose walls oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of blood vessels

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Digestive system [2]

Output: mouth to anus: esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, and rectum. Breaks down food for nutrients to be passed through blood for circulation and extra is expelled through anus. Food breakdown ends in small intestine then only removal of water. Liver produces bile to break down fats and pancreas delivers enzymes to small intestine

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Urinary system [2]

Output: maintains water and salt balance, regulates acid-base balance, and removes nitrogen containing wastes that are byproducts of protein and nucleic acid breakdown

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Reproductive system [2]

Output: produces offspring. Sperm in men and egg production in women. Also houses hormones that encourage or suppress activities in the body (aggression, masculine, or feminine skeletal form)

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Functions of life carried out by the body [2]

Output: Adaptation: receive, interpret, and respond to internal and external stimuli via nervous system Circulation: transport oxygen and nutrients to tissues via cardiovascular system Elimination: remove metabolic wastes from body via renal system locomotion: voluntary and involuntary movement of body via musculoskeletal system nutrition: take in and break down nutrients to be used for metabolism via digestive system oxygenation: take in oxygen and expel co2 via respiratory system regulation: hormonal control of bodily function via endocrine system self duplication: offspring via reproductive system

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Anatomical position [2]

Output: body facing forward, feet parallel, arms at side with palms forward

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] superior [2]

Output: toward the upper end of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] inferior [2]

Output: toward lower end of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] anterior [2]

Output: toward the front of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] posterior [2]

Output: toward the back of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] medial [2]

Output: toward the middle of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] lateral [2]

Output: toward the outer side of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] intermediate [2]

Output: between medial and lateral

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] proximal [2]

Output: close to the trunk of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] distal [2]

Output: away from the trunk of the body

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] superficial [2]

Output: toward or at the body surface

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] deep [2]

Output: away from the body surface

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] sagittal section [2]

Output: cut made along longitudinal plane dividing body into right and left parts (midsagittal is down the median of the body)

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] transverse section/cross section [2]

Output: cut along horizontal plane divide the body into upper and lower regions

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] frontal/coronal section [2]

Output: cut along longitudinal place divides the body into front and back

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] dorsal body cavity [2]

Output: cranial cavity and spinal column

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] ventral body cavity [2]

Output: all structures in the chest and abdomen diaphragm divides ventral cavity into the thoracic cavity and abdominal and pelvic cavity

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Systems interacting [2]

Output: maintaining boundaries (semipermeable membrane in cells, integumentary system) responding to environmental change (involuntary sense and response to stimuli, nervous system activates other systems) moving (muscular moves skeletal system, cardiovascular, digestive, reproductive, urinary, and respiratory system move involuntarily) ingestion and digestion (organs work to remove nutrients and transmit to body using cardiovascular system) reproduction (reproductive system and hormones regulate process using endocrine system) growing (all systems contribute. skeletal and muscular systems change shape, digestive system removes nutrients, cardiovascular system moves nutrients to cells, endocrine releases hormones to signal growth) excretion (after nutrient removal remains excreted from body by organs in digestive system and urinary system) metabolism (way cells use energy, chemical reactions within a cell, digestive and respiratory systems supply nutrients and oxygen and blood distributes and hormones regulate)

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Integumentary system interactions [2]

Output: skin healthy by receiving oxygen and nutrients from respiratory and digestive system that travel through blood vessels. Lymphatic system picks up excess fluid from skin to avoid swelling skeletal system supports hormones from endocrine system regulate hair growth and hydration. Skin protects internal organs, muscular system generates heat expels skin as sweat, urinary system activates Vitamin D, nervous system regulates sweat, interprets stimuli, and adjusts blood vessel diamter

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] Relationships with Skeletal system [2]

Output: endocrine releases hormones regulating growth and release of calcium, lymphatic system has immune cells protects against pathogens and removes excess fluid digestive system provides nutrients urinary system activates vitamin D and removes waste muscular system determines bone shape and pulls against bone to increase bone strength nervous system senses pain stimuli in bones and joints respiratory system gives oxygen and takes co2 cardiovascular system supplies oxygen and nutrients and removes waste reproductive system influences skeletal form integumentary system provides vitamin d

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationships with muscular system [2]

Output: endocrine releases hormones that influence strength nervous system regulates activity reproductive encourges men's larger muscle size bones are levers for activity

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationships with nervous system [2]

Output: endocrine system releases hormones regulate metabolism of neurons urinary system disposes of metabolic wastes and maintains correct electrolyte arrangement testosterone stimulates development of male reproductive organs, encourages growth of bone and musle and helps maintain muscle strength

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationships with endocrine system [2]

Output: cardiovascular gives a means for hormone transport muscular system protects endocrine glands nervous system controls functions of pituitary

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationships with cardiovascular system [2]

Output: hormones released influence bp urinary system helps regulate blood volume and pressure through urine volume nervous system controls bp and force, heart rate and blood distribution in women estrogen preserves vascular health integumentary system allows heat to escape blood cells formed in the skeletal system

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] lymphatic system [2]

Output: urinary system maintains water, acid/base, and electrolyte balance of blood brain helps immune response acidic secretions in reproductive and integumentary system prevent bacterial growth

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationship with respiratory system [2]

Output: muscular system aids in breathing volume changes and nervous system regulates breathing rate and depth

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationship with digestive system [2]

Output: increased skeletal muscle activity increases movement of gi tract urinary system transforms vitamin d to form that helps calcium absorption

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationship with urinary system [2]

Output: endocrine helps regulate reabsorption of water and electrolytes in renal area, liver (digestive system) synthesizes urea to be excreted by kidneys

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [1] relationship with reproductive system [2]

Output: cardiovascular system transports sex hormones muscular system involved in child birth respiratory rate increases during pregnancy

TEAS Human Body Science Flashcards - Cram.com


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Create customer awareness and stimulate trial

Output: A product in the introduction stage of the product life cycle should have which of the following marketing objectives

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Trial

Output: The initial purchase of a product by a consumer is referred to as a ________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Primary Demand

Output: Expenditures are often made to stimulate ____________, or desire for the product class, rather than for a specific brand, when there are no competitors with the same product

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Product Class

Output: Expenditures are often made to stimulate primary demand, or desire for ___________, rather than for a specific brand, when there are no competitors with the same product

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Creating awareness and stimulating trial

Output: Promotional expenditures at the intorduction stage of the product life cycle are best spent on

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Selective demand

Output: Northland cranberry juice came on the market claiming that it was superior to Ocean Spray brand. Northland was creating _________ demand for its cranberry products

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] 1. Introduction 2. Growth 3. Maturity 4. Decline

Output: 4 Stages of the Product Life Cycle

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Skimming and Penetration

Output: The two most common pricing alternatives for products in the introduction stage of the product life cycle are _________ and __________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Capitalize on the price insensitivity of early buyers

Output: A company may choose a skimming strategy in the introduction stage of their new product in order to help recover costs of development to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Penetration pricing

Output: During the introduction stage of the product life cycle, the strategy that discourages competitive entry by charging a low price is referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Deletion

Output: Your product has been suffering from eroding sales and profits, you have yet to find success. Which would be the least appropriate next step?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] There is no set amount of time

Output: Generally, the average length of time it takes for a product to move through the product life cycle is

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Offerings that reflect their self-image

Output: Consumers are no longer content with affordable, high quality purchases; they want ____________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Must manage any dimension of their reputation that might influence perceptions of authenticity

Output: There are several ways of providing consumers authentic offerings: #4

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] 24/7 Customer service

Output: One way to provide consumers authentic offerings is to provide personal interaction. Which of the following actions provides the best example of this approach?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Intangible activities or benefits that an organization provides to satisfy consumers needs

Output: Services refer to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The four i's of Services

Output: The four unique elements to services: intangibility, inconsistency, inseparability, and inventory, are referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Cannot be held, touched, or seen before the purchase decision

Output: Intangibility of service refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Performance

Output: Because services tend to be a _________ rather than an object, they are much more difficult for consumers to evaluate

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Developing, Pricing, Promoting, and delivering services

Output: Organizations attempt to reduce the inconsistency of service delivery through

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The consumer cannot separate the deliverer of the service from the service itself

Output: Inseparability in services means

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] personal

Output: One way banks offer value to their customers is through ATMs. ATMs are considered as less _________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Paying the person used to provide the service along with any needed equipment

Output: The inventory costs of services include

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Service provider is available but there is no demand

Output: Idle production capacity refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] High salaried pilots and very expensive equipment

Output: The inventory carrying costs of airlines is high because of

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] What companies bring to the market ranges from the tangible to the intangible or good dominant to service dominant offerings

Output: The service continuum refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Management consulting, catering, appliance repair

Output: Which of the following is the best example of a people-based service?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Equipment based services

Output: What do a landscaping service, an automated carwash, and a limousine service have in common?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Products

Output: Equipment-based services do not have the marketing concerns of inconsistency because ________ have been removed from the equation

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Government sponsored

Output: What do the United States Post Office, the U.S. Park Service, and the local fire department have in common?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] --Experience properties --Credence properties

Output: The two basic components of a customers evaluation of services are

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Eight P's of Service Marketing

Output: Those activities that focus on getting the right amount of the right product to the right place at the right time at the lowest possible cost are referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Management

Output: Reduction in delivery times both in the marketplace and the supply chain have earned firms such as Toyota a reputation as "time based competitor. As used by Toyota, logistics _______

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The practice of organizing the cost effective flow of raw materials, in process inventory, finished goods, and related info from origin to consumption to satisfy customer requirements

Output: Logistics management refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Customer service

Output: A firm needs to drive down logistics costs as long as it can deliver expected ___________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The integration and organization of information and logistics activities across firms in a supply chain for the purpose of delivering products and services that provide value to customer

Output: Supply Chain management refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Sophisticated information technology

Output: An important feature of customer-driven supply chain management is its application of ______ that allows companies to share and operate systems

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] 25 - 30%

Output: Supply chain and logistics managers play a large part in the manufacture of automobiles. In fact, logistics cost account for ___________ percent of the retail price of a new car

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Understand the customer

Output: What is the first step in choosing the right supply chain?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Understand the supply chain

Output: There are three steps used in choosing a supply chain: #2

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Customization

Output: Which statement regarding responsive supply chains is most accurate?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Cross-docking

Output: The practice that involves unloading products from suppliers, sorting products for individual stores and immediately delivering to specific stores is referred to as __________`

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Delivering maximum customer service

Output: The objective of information and logistics management in a supply chain is to minimize relevant logistics costs and to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Minimize relevant logistics costs

Output: The objective of information and logistics management in a supply chain is to deliver maximum customer service and to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Electronic Data Interchange

Output: The acronym EDI stands for

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Extranet

Output: WhirlpoolWebWorld.com allows Whirlpool to fulfill retailer orders quickly and inexpensively and better match appliance demand and supply using an

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Total logistics cost

Output: Expenses associated with transportation, materials handling and warehousing, inventory, stockouts, and order processing, and return goods handling are referred to as ____

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Transportation, materials handling and warehousing, inventory, stockouts and order processing, and return goods handling

Output: Which of the following is an element of total logistics cost?

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Balance 4 Customer service factors against total logistics cost factors

Output: The customer service concept implies firms should

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Communication, Time, Convenience, Dependability

Output: Supply chain managers balance total logistics cost factors against customer service factors. Customer service factors include

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Lead time

Output: The lag from ordering an item until it is received and ready for use or sale is referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Generate word of mouth advertising

Output: Many companies create a branded presence such as a fan page within virtual communities such as Facebook or MySpace in order to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Direct Marketing

Output: The promotional element consists of communication tools, including advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and _________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Personal Selling

Output: The promotional element consists of communication tools, including advertising, public relations, sales promotion, direct marketing, and _________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The combination of one or more of the communication tools

Output: The promotional mix refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Promotional mix

Output: The __________ can be used to inform prospective buyers about the benefits of the product

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC)

Output: The concept of designing marketing communications programs that coordinate all promotional activities is referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Communication

Output: A source, a message, a channel of communication, a receiver and the processes of encoding and decoding is referred to as

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Company or person who has information to relay

Output: Source refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Information sent

Output: Message refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] A channel of communication

Output: The billboards that Sony uses to advertise its PlayStation game console are___________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Receivers

Output: Consumers who read, hear, or see the message sent by a source during the communication process are referred to as ______________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Transforming the message back into an idea

Output: Decoding refers to

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] Encoding

Output: The process of having the sender transform an idea into a set of symbols during the communication process is referred to as ________

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [Product Life Cycle] The properly encoded message may be sent through the wrong channel and never make it to the receiver

Output: Errors in communication can occur in several ways: #2

A concept that describes the stages a new product goes through in the marketplace--introduction, growth, maturity, and decline is referred to as________


Input: [adaptive selling] emotional intelligence.

Output: When LeAnn called on a long-time customer, she realized that the man was upset and took the time to listen to his problem. She was able to sympathize with the customer's recent loss of a pet by using her:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] relational partnership

Output: Caitlin Gold has sold business textbooks for seventeen years. She makes it a point to try to create a personal relationship with her customers. When a committee of professors selected a new marketing book, her book was one of the three finalists. Because the committee chairperson considered herself a close friend of Gold, she convinced the committee to select Gold's text over the other options. The committee chairperson trusted Gold to provide a good text at a fair price. This is an example of a:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] market exchange.

Output: As Azi traveled across the state of Tennessee, he stopped and bought gas, a soda and a bag of corn chips at a small convenience store that he will probably never visit again. Azi engaged in a:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] It is based on a detailed analysis of the individual customer's situation and needs.

Output: Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the standard memorized sales presentation? It ensures the salesperson will provide complete and accurate information about the company's products and policies. b. It is very effective for telemarketing. c. The beginning salesperson can quickly gain confidence. d. It is based on a detailed analysis of the individual customer's situation and needs. e. It can combine the best elements of the presentations used by a firm's best salespeople.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] The most frequently contacted references are former professors.

Output: Which of the following statements about applicant information sources is FALSE? A. An application form should include factual questions concerning the profile the company established for the position. B. Contacting references is a good way to validate information on the application form. C. The most frequently contacted references are former professors. D. Experienced sales managers expect to hear favorable comments when they contact an applicant's references. 0% E. You should choose a variety of references that can provide different information about you.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] e. do all of the above

Output: When identifying a customer's social style, salespeople should: a. not let their judgment be clouded by their initial reaction to the customer b. look for clues that may suggest he or she has made an inaccurate assessment of a customer's social style c. ask questions rather than make statements d. avoid assuming that specific jobs or functions are associated with a particular social style e. do all of the above

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] expressed warranty

Output: When the purchasing agent bought an order of sheet aluminum (used to make cans) from a new supplier, the salesperson stated he could deliver on a week's notice, but when the agent placed his first order, he was told that he could expect to receive it in about six weeks. The person salesperson had violated the _____ that the salesperson had made.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] flexibility and control.

Output: Even though personal selling is the most expensive method of communication on a per person reached basis, businesses continue to use personal selling because of advantages in:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] Develop and maintain a personal code of ethics.

Output: Larry, an inexperienced sales rep, has asked you to suggest ways to deal with potential ethical problems. What is your advice?

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] active listening.

Output: Tyler is paying careful attention to what Jack (her prospect) says and sorting out relevant facts from all the statements. With eye contact and nods of her head, she tells Jack she's interested in what Jack is saying. Tyler is engaged in:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] role conflict

Output: Darryl wants to go to Panama City with some friends this weekend, but his best customer is opening a new store and Darryl thinks he should be there. Darryl's dilemma is an example of:

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] The swimming pool salesperson neglected to tell the buyer that he would have to pay an additional $2,000 to have the ground prepared for the bargain $1,200 pool he just bought.

Output: Which of the following is the BEST example of a salesperson engaging in deliberate deception? a. The sales clerk at JCPenney told the woman, "That swimsuit makes you look 5 pounds thinner." b. The salesperson for the plant nursery offered to give the buyer an extra bush if he bought two dozen. c. The swimming pool salesperson neglected to tell the buyer that he would have to pay an additional $2,000 to have the ground prepared for the bargain $1,200 pool he just bought. d. The wholesale flower seller claimed that his flowers were so beautiful that they almost looked artificial. e. The computer salesperson offered the buyer a free one-year service contract for buying a computer during this month.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] public

Output: When we consider the distance involved, it is correct to say most students in a classroom are seated in the professor's _____ zone.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using:


Input: [adaptive selling] A customer who doesn't complain is a happy customer.

Output: Which of the following statements about complaints is FALSE? a. The customer must perceive the settlement of the complaint as being fair. b. The settlement that will be provided must be clearly communicated. c. A salesperson settling a claim should educate the customer to forestall future claims. d. A fair settlement made in the customer's favor helps resell the company and its products. e. A customer who doesn't complain is a happy customer.

Luisa has been in sales about three years. In that time she has learned that different sales presentations are necessary for different customers. In fact, she will often change her presentation during her sales calls depending upon the nature of the selling situation she encounters. Luisa is using: