human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge groups authors who co-authored the same paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "Analysis of modular arithmetic"):
  Abstract: We consider integer arithmetic modulo a power of 2 as provided by mainstream programming languages like Java or standard implementations of C. The difficulty here is that the ring ℤm of integers modulo m = 2w, w > 1, has zero divisors and thus cannot be embedded into a field. Not withstanding that, we present intra- and inter-procedural algorithms for inferring for every program point u, affine relations between program variables valid at u. Our algorithms are not only sound but also complete in that they detect all valid affine relations. Moreover, they run in time linear in the program size and polynomial in the number of program variables and can be implemented by using the same modular integer arithmetic as the target language to be analyzed.

Includes members:
  Member "Abstract domains of affine relations":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "Finding Reference-Counting Errors in Python/C Programs with Affine Analysis")
  Member "Intermediate-representation recovery from low-level code":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)

Question: Please tell me which research area the co-authored paper (i.e., the source paper of the center hyperedge) belongs to. The 4 classes are: Computer science, Mathematics, Engineering, Economics, Psychology, Business. Directly output the class name.

gpt: Mathematics