human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge groups authors who co-authored the same paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "Physical design refinement: the merge-reduce approach"):
  Abstract: Physical database design tools rely on a DBA-provided workload to pick an “optimal” set of indexes and materialized views. Such an approach fails to capture scenarios where DBAs are unable to produce a succinct workload for an automated tool but still able to suggest an ideal physical design based on their broad knowledge of the database usage. Unfortunately, in many cases such an ideal design violates important constraints (e.g., space) and needs to be refined. In this paper, we focus on the important problem of physical design refinement, which addresses the above and other related scenarios. We propose to solve the physical refinement problem by using a transformational architecture that is based upon two novel primitive operations, called merging and reduction. These operators help refine a configuration, treating indexes and materialized views in a unified way, as well as succinctly explain the refinement process to DBAs.

Includes members:
  Member "An Online Approach to Physical Design Tuning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)

Question: Please tell me which research area the co-authored paper (i.e., the source paper of the center hyperedge) belongs to. The 4 classes are: Computer science, Mathematics, Engineering, Economics, Psychology, Business. Directly output the class name.

gpt: Computer science