human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "testing deep neural networks"
  Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have a wide range of applications, and software employing them must be thoroughly tested, especially in safety-critical domains. However, traditional software test coverage metrics cannot be applied directly to DNNs. In this paper, inspired by the MC/DC coverage criterion, we propose a family of four novel test criteria that are tailored to structural features of DNNs and their semantics. We validate the criteria by demonstrating that the generated test inputs guided via our proposed coverage criteria are able to capture undesired behaviours in a DNN. Test cases are generated using a symbolic approach and a gradient-based heuristic search. By comparing them with existing methods, we show that our criteria achieve a balance between their ability to find bugs (proxied using adversarial examples) and the computational cost of test case generation. Our experiments are conducted on state-of-the-art DNNs obtained using popular open source datasets, including MNIST, CIFAR-10 and ImageNet.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "importance driven deep learning system testing"):
  with members:
    - "input prioritization for testing neural networks"
    - "deepfault fault localization for deep neural networks"
    - "machine learning testing survey landscapes and horizons"
    - "formal security analysis of neural networks using symbolic intervals"
    - "symbolic execution for deep neural networks"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"
    - "deepmutation mutation testing of deep learning systems"
    - "concolic testing for deep neural networks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "raid randomized adversarial input detection for neural networks"):
  with members:
    - "when explainability meets adversarial learning detecting adversarial examples using shap signatures"
    - "are odds really odd bypassing statistical detection of adversarial examples"
    - "deepsmartfuzzer reward guided test generation for deep learning"
    - "deepfault fault localization for deep neural networks"
    - "a new defense against adversarial images turning a weakness into a strength"
    - "the odds are odd a statistical test for detecting adversarial examples"
    - "on evaluating adversarial robustness"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "text a 3 activation anomaly analysis"):
  with members:
    - "dla dense layer analysis for adversarial example detection"
    - "deep learning for anomaly detection a survey"
    - "kitsune an ensemble of autoencoders for online network intrusion detection"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"
    - "deepxplore automated whitebox testing of deep learning systems"
    - "lstm based encoder decoder for multi sensor anomaly detection"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "testing dnn image classifier for confusion bias errors"):
  with members:
    - "grad cam visual explanations from deep networks via gradient based localization"
    - "metric learning for adversarial robustness"
    - "adversarial sample detection for deep neural network through model mutation testing"
    - "noise tolerant fair classification"
    - "scaling provable adversarial defenses"
    - "formal security analysis of neural networks using symbolic intervals"
    - "visual interpretability for deep learning a survey"
    - "feature denoising for improving adversarial robustness"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "taking care of the discretization problem a black box adversarial image attack in discrete integer domain"):
  with members:
    - "towards improved testing for deep learning"
    - "one pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks"
    - "procedural noise adversarial examples for black box attacks on deep convolutional networks"
    - "on the design of black box adversarial examples by leveraging gradient free optimization and operator splitting method"
    - "autozoom autoencoder based zeroth order optimization method for attacking black box neural networks"
    - "spatially transformed adversarial examples"
    - "formal security analysis of neural networks using symbolic intervals"
    - "commandersong a systematic approach for practical adversarial voice recognition"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "dla dense layer analysis for adversarial example detection"):
  with members:
    - "one pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks"
    - "detecting adversarial image examples in deep neural networks with adaptive noise reduction"
    - "deepgauge comprehensive and multi granularity testing criteria for gauging the robustness of deep learning systems"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"
    - "defense gan protecting classifiers against adversarial attacks using generative models"
    - "adversarial attacks and defences a survey"
    - "audio adversarial examples targeted attacks on speech to text"
    - "threat of adversarial attacks on deep learning in computer vision a survey"

Connected through hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "deepsearch simple and effective blackbox fuzzing of deep neural networks"):
  with members:
    - "towards improved testing for deep learning"
    - "algorithms for verifying deep neural networks"
    - "machine learning testing survey landscapes and horizons"
    - "on evaluating adversarial robustness"
    - "the efficacy of shield under different threat models"
    - "formal security analysis of neural networks using symbolic intervals"
    - "a dual approach to scalable verification of deep networks"
    - "symbolic execution for deep neural networks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "adversarial sample detection for deep neural network through model mutation testing"):
  with members:
    - "deepgauge comprehensive and multi granularity testing criteria for gauging the robustness of deep learning systems"
    - "spatially transformed adversarial examples"
    - "characterizing adversarial subspaces using local intrinsic dimensionality"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"
    - "deepmutation mutation testing of deep learning systems"
    - "concolic testing for deep neural networks"
    - "detecting adversarial samples for deep neural networks through mutation testing"
    - "towards robust training of neural networks by regularizing adversarial gradients"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)