human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "an efficient framework for optimistic concurrent execution of smart contracts"
  Abstract: Blockchain platforms such as Ethereum and several others execute complex transactions in blocks through user-defined scripts known as smart contracts. To append a correct block into blockchain, miners execute these transactions of smart contracts sequentially. Later the validators serially re-execute the smart contract transactions of the block to validate it. If validation is successful then the block is added to the blockchain using a consensus protocol and miner gets the incentive. In the current era of multi-core processors, by employing the serial execution of the transactions, the miners and validators fail to utilize the cores properly and as a result, have poor throughput. By entitling concurrency to smart contracts execution, we can achieve better efficiency and higher throughput. In this proposal, we develop a novel and efficient technique to execute the smart contract transactions concurrently by miner using optimistic Software Transactional Memory systems (STMs). The miner proposes a block which consists of the set of transactions, conflict graph, hash of previous block and final state of each shared data-objects. Later, we propose concurrent validator which re-executes the same smart contracts concurrently and deterministically with the help of conflict graph given by miner and verifies the final states. On successful validation, proposed block appended into the blockchain and miner gets the incentive. We consider a benchmarks from solidity documentation. We execute the smart contract transactions concurrently using Basic Time stamp Ordering (BTO) and Multi-Version Time stamp Ordering (MVTO) protocols as optimistic STMs. BTO and MVTO miner achieves 3.6x and 3.7x average speedups over serial miner respectively. BTO and MVTO validator outperform average 40.8x and 47.1x than serial validator respectively.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "an overview on smart contracts challenges advances and platforms"):
  with members:
    - "the art of the scam demystifying honeypots in ethereum smart contracts"
    - "blockchain for internet of things a survey"
    - "evmfuzz differential fuzz testing of ethereum virtual machine"
    - "tool demonstration fsolidm for designing secure ethereum smart contracts"
    - "finding the greedy prodigal and suicidal contracts at scale"
    - "ethir a framework for high level analysis of ethereum bytecode"
    - "sabre protecting bitcoin against routing attacks"
    - "hunting the ethereum smart contract color inspired inspection of potential attacks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "dynamic graph operations a consistent non blocking approach"):
  with members:
    - "a general technique for non blocking trees"
    - "efficient lock free binary search trees"
    - "crawling facebook for social network analysis purposes"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "a true concurrent model of smart contracts executions"):
  with members:
    - "a minimal core calculus for solidity contracts"
    - "verisolid correct by design smart contracts for ethereum"
    - "scilla a smart contract intermediate level language"
    - "detecting token systems on ethereum"
    - "a semantic framework for the security analysis of ethereum smart contracts"
    - "hyperledger fabric a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains"
    - "securify practical security analysis of smart contracts"
    - "designing secure ethereum smart contracts a finite state machine based approach"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "dipetrans a framework for distributed parallel execution of transactions of blocks in blockchain"):
  with members:
    - "achieving greater concurrency in execution of smart contracts using object semantics"
    - "security and privacy on blockchain"
    - "an empirical study of speculative concurrency in ethereum smart contracts"
    - "a true concurrent model of smart contracts executions"
    - "chainspace a sharded smart contracts platform"
    - "adding concurrency to smart contracts"
    - "the miner s dilemma"
    - "majority is not enough bitcoin mining is vulnerable"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "empirically analyzing ethereum s gas mechanism"):
  with members:
    - "an empirical study of speculative concurrency in ethereum smart contracts"
    - "decentralization in bitcoin and ethereum networks"
    - "chainspace a sharded smart contracts platform"
    - "adding concurrency to smart contracts"
    - "an empirical analysis of smart contracts platforms applications and design patterns"
    - "new kids on the block an analysis of modern blockchains"
    - "optimal selfish mining strategies in bitcoin"
    - "bitcoin transaction graph analysis"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "achieving greater concurrency in execution of smart contracts using object semantics"):
  with members:
    - "an empirical study of speculative concurrency in ethereum smart contracts"
    - "hyperledger fabric a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains"
    - "a concurrent perspective on smart contracts"
    - "adding concurrency to smart contracts"
    - "an innovative approach to achieve compositionality efficiently using multi version object based transactional systems"
    - "non interference and local correctness in transactional memory"

Connected through hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "blockchain based access control systems state of the art and challenges"):
  with members:
    - "verifiable anonymous identities and access control in permissioned blockchains"
    - "distributed access control with blockchain"
    - "physical access control management system based on permissioned blockchain"
    - "medichain tm a secure decentralized medical data asset management system"
    - "decentralized applications the blockchain empowered software system"
    - "adding concurrency to smart contracts"

Connected through hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "concurrency protocol aiming at high performance of execution and replay for smart contracts"):
  with members:
    - "a concurrent perspective on smart contracts"
    - "adding concurrency to smart contracts"
    - "blockbench a framework for analyzing private blockchains"
    - "untangling blockchain a data processing view of blockchain systems"
    - "pot deterministic transactional execution"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing)