human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "measuring the effects of data parallelism on neural network training"
  Abstract: Recent hardware developments have dramatically increased the scale of data parallelism available for neural network training. Among the simplest ways to harness next-generation hardware is to increase the batch size in standard mini-batch neural network training algorithms. In this work, we aim to experimentally characterize the effects of increasing the batch size on training time, as measured by the number of steps necessary to reach a goal out-of-sample error. We study how this relationship varies with the training algorithm, model, and data set, and find extremely large variation between workloads. Along the way, we show that disagreements in the literature on how batch size affects model quality can largely be explained by differences in metaparameter tuning and compute budgets at different batch sizes. We find no evidence that larger batch sizes degrade out-of-sample performance. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results on efforts to train neural networks much faster in the future. Our experimental data is publicly available as a database of 71,638,836 loss measurements taken over the course of training for 168,160 individual models across 35 workloads.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "using a thousand optimization tasks to learn hyperparameter search strategies"):
  with members:
    - "on empirical comparisons of optimizers for deep learning"
    - "leveraging procedural generation to benchmark reinforcement learning"
    - "stochastic gradient methods with layer wise adaptive moments for training of deep networks"
    - "on the variance of the adaptive learning rate and beyond"
    - "the visual task adaptation benchmark"
    - "using learned optimizers to make models robust to input noise"
    - "deepobs a deep learning optimizer benchmark suite"
    - "nas bench 101 towards reproducible neural architecture search"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "scaling laws for neural language models"):
  with members:
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "which algorithmic choices matter at which batch sizes insights from a noisy quadratic model"
    - "growing a brain fine tuning by increasing model capacity"
    - "an investigation into neural net optimization via hessian eigenvalue density"
    - "autogrow automatic layer growing in deep convolutional networks"
    - "a constructive prediction of the generalization error across scales"
    - "universal transformers"
    - "generating long sequences with sparse transformers"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "batch normalization biases deep residual networks towards shallow paths"):
  with members:
    - "provable benefit of orthogonal initialization in optimizing deep linear networks"
    - "freeze and chaos for dnns an ntk view of batch normalization checkerboard and boundary effects"
    - "filter response normalization layer eliminating batch dependence in the training of deep neural networks"
    - "a mean field theory of batch normalization"
    - "the effect of network width on stochastic gradient descent and generalization an empirical study"
    - "fixup initialization residual learning without normalization"
    - "efficientnet rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks"
    - "the impact of neural network overparameterization on gradient confusion and stochastic gradient descent"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "scalable and practical natural gradient for large scale deep learning"):
  with members:
    - "which algorithmic choices matter at which batch sizes insights from a noisy quadratic model"
    - "chainer a deep learning framework for accelerating the research cycle"
    - "limitations of the empirical fisher approximation"
    - "yet another accelerated sgd resnet 50 training on imagenet in 74 7 seconds"
    - "information matrices and generalization"
    - "massively distributed sgd imagenet resnet 50 training in a flash"
    - "image classification at supercomputer scale"
    - "don t use large mini batches use local sgd"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "large batch training does not need warmup"):
  with members:
    - "large batch training for lstm and beyond"
    - "massively distributed sgd imagenet resnet 50 training in a flash"
    - "on lipschitz bounds of general convolutional neural networks"
    - "a closer look at deep learning heuristics learning rate restarts warmup and distillation"
    - "image classification at supercomputer scale"
    - "exploring the limits of weakly supervised pretraining"
    - "bert pre training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding"
    - "highly scalable deep learning training system with mixed precision training imagenet in four minutes"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "an empirical study of large batch stochastic gradient descent with structured covariance noise"):
  with members:
    - "flipout efficient pseudo independent weight perturbations on mini batches"
    - "understanding short horizon bias in stochastic meta optimization"
    - "a coordinate free construction of scalable natural gradient"
    - "three factors influencing minima in sgd"
    - "a surprising linear relationship predicts test performance in deep networks"
    - "non convex learning via stochastic gradient langevin dynamics a nonasymptotic analysis"
    - "generalization bounds of sgld for non convex learning two theoretical viewpoints"
    - "noisy natural gradient as variational inference"

Connected through hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "stochastic weight averaging in parallel large batch training that generalizes well"):
  with members:
    - "stochastic gradient methods with layer wise adaptive moments for training of deep networks"
    - "swalp stochastic weight averaging in low precision training"
    - "federated learning challenges methods and future directions"
    - "a simple baseline for bayesian uncertainty in deep learning"
    - "there are many consistent explanations of unlabeled data why you should average"
    - "an empirical model of large batch training"
    - "don t use large mini batches use local sgd"
    - "averaging weights leads to wider optima and better generalization"

Connected through hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "wide minima density hypothesis and the explore exploit learning rate schedule"):
  with members:
    - "on the variance of the adaptive learning rate and beyond"
    - "time matters in regularizing deep networks weight decay and data augmentation affect early learning dynamics matter little near convergence"
    - "towards understanding generalization in gradient based meta learning"
    - "an empirical model of large batch training"
    - "a disciplined approach to neural network hyper parameters part 1 learning rate batch size momentum and weight decay"
    - "identifying generalization properties in neural networks"
    - "stronger generalization bounds for deep nets via a compression approach"
    - "bert pre training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)