human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "exploring connections between active learning and model extraction"
  Abstract: Machine learning is being increasingly used by individuals, research institutions, and corporations. This has resulted in the surge of Machine Learning-as-a-Service (MLaaS) - cloud services that provide (a) tools and resources to learn the model, and (b) a user-friendly query interface to access the model. However, such MLaaS systems raise privacy concerns such as model extraction. In model extraction attacks, adversaries maliciously exploit the query interface to steal the model. More precisely, in a model extraction attack, a good approximation of a sensitive or proprietary model held by the server is extracted (i.e. learned) by a dishonest user who interacts with the server only via the query interface. This attack was introduced by Tramer et al. at the 2016 USENIX Security Symposium, where practical attacks for various models were shown. We believe that better understanding the efficacy of model extraction attacks is paramount to designing secure MLaaS systems. To that end, we take the first step by (a) formalizing model extraction and discussing possible defense strategies, and (b) drawing parallels between model extraction and established area of active learning. In particular, we show that recent advancements in the active learning domain can be used to implement powerful model extraction attacks, and investigate possible defense strategies.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "cryptanalytic extraction of neural network models"):
  with members:
    - "high fidelity extraction of neural network models"
    - "thieves on sesame street model extraction of bert based apis"
    - "analyzing and improving the image quality of stylegan"
    - "identifying weights and architectures of unknown relu networks"
    - "efficientnet rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks"
    - "self training with noisy student improves imagenet classification"
    - "manipulating machine learning poisoning attacks and countermeasures for regression learning"
    - "csi neural network using side channels to recover your artificial neural network information"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "prediction poisoning towards defenses against dnn model stealing attacks"):
  with members:
    - "high fidelity extraction of neural network models"
    - "a framework for the extraction of deep neural networks by leveraging public data"
    - "knockoff nets stealing functionality of black box models"
    - "copycat cnn stealing knowledge by persuading confession with random non labeled data"
    - "stealing hyperparameters in machine learning"
    - "model extraction warning in mlaas paradigm"
    - "practical black box attacks against machine learning"
    - "transferability in machine learning from phenomena to black box attacks using adversarial samples"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "thieves on sesame street model extraction of bert based apis"):
  with members:
    - "boolq exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes no questions"
    - "right for the wrong reasons diagnosing syntactic heuristics in natural language inference"
    - "high fidelity extraction of neural network models"
    - "zero shot knowledge transfer via adversarial belief matching"
    - "learning and evaluating general linguistic intelligence"
    - "a framework for the extraction of deep neural networks by leveraging public data"
    - "membership inference attacks on sequence to sequence models"
    - "prediction poisoning utility constrained defenses against model stealing attacks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "a framework for the extraction of deep neural networks by leveraging public data"):
  with members:
    - "one pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks"
    - "neural network model extraction attacks in edge devices by hearing architectural hints"
    - "generative adversarial networks for black box api attacks with limited training data"
    - "adversarial active learning for deep networks a margin based approach"
    - "cache telepathy leveraging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures"
    - "copycat cnn stealing knowledge by persuading confession with random non labeled data"
    - "mlcapsule guarded offline deployment of machine learning as a service"
    - "security analysis of deep neural networks operating in the presence of cache side channel attacks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "quantifying hyper parameter leakage in machine learning"):
  with members:
    - "prediction poisoning towards defenses against dnn model stealing attacks"
    - "a tutorial on learning with bayesian networks"
    - "a framework for the extraction of deep neural networks by leveraging public data"
    - "neural network model extraction attacks in edge devices by hearing architectural hints"
    - "f bleau fast black box leakage estimation"
    - "knockoff nets stealing functionality of black box models"
    - "cache telepathy leveraging shared resource attacks to learn dnn architectures"
    - "security analysis of deep neural networks operating in the presence of cache side channel attacks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "adversarial model extraction on graph neural networks"):
  with members:
    - "active learning for graph neural networks via node feature propagation"
    - "high fidelity extraction of neural network models"
    - "gnn explainer a tool for post hoc explanation of graph neural networks"
    - "knockoff nets stealing functionality of black box models"
    - "how powerful are graph neural networks"
    - "stealing hyperparameters in machine learning"
    - "active learning for graph embedding"
    - "stealing machine learning models via prediction apis"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)