human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "denotational semantics for modal systems s3 s5 extended by axioms for propositional quantifiers and identity"
  Abstract: There are logics where necessity is defined by means of a given identity connective: $${\square\varphi := \varphi\equiv\top}$$??:=??? ($${\top}$$? is a tautology). On the other hand, in many standard modal logics the concept of propositional identity (PI) $${\varphi\equiv\psi}$$??? can be defined by strict equivalence (SE) $${\square(\varphi\leftrightarrow\psi)}$$?(???) . All these approaches to modality involve a principle that we call the Collapse Axiom (CA): "There is only one necessary proposition." In this paper, we consider a notion of PI which relies on the identity axioms of Suszko's non-Fregean logic SCI. Then S3 proves to be the smallest Lewis modal system where PI can be defined as SE. We extend S3 to a non-Fregean logic with propositional quantifiers such that necessity and PI are integrated as non-interdefinable concepts. CA is not valid and PI refines SE. Models are expansions of SCI-models. We show that SCI-models are Boolean prealgebras, and vice-versa. This associates non-Fregean logic with research on Hyperintensional Semantics. PI equals SE iff models are Boolean algebras and CA holds. A representation result establishes a connection to Fine's approach to propositional quantifiers and shows that our theories are conservative extensions of S3---S5, respectively. If we exclude the Barcan formula and a related axiom, then the resulting systems are still complete w.r.t. a simpler denotational semantics.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "reasoning about proof and knowledge"):
  with members:
    - "epistemic extensions of combined classical and intuitionistic propositional logic"
    - "a modal logic amalgam of classical and intuitionistic propositional logic"
    - "algebraic semantics for a modal logic close to s1"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "epistemic extensions of combined classical and intuitionistic propositional logic"):
  with members:
    - "a modal logic amalgam of classical and intuitionistic propositional logic"
    - "algebraic semantics for a modal logic close to s1"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "a modal logic amalgam of classical and intuitionistic propositional logic"):
  with members:
    - "algebraic semantics for a modal logic close to s1"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "algebraic semantics for a modal logic close to s1"):
  with members:
    - "denotational semantics for normal modal logics with propositional quantifiers and identity"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science)