human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "on characteristic and permanent polynomials of a matrix"
  Abstract: There is a digraph corresponding to every square matrix over $\mathbb{C}$. We generate a recurrence relation using the Laplace expansion to calculate the characteristic, and permanent polynomials of a square matrix. Solving this recurrence relation, we found that the characteristic, and permanent polynomials can be calculated in terms of characteristic, and permanent polynomials of some specific induced subdigraphs of blocks in the digraph, respectively. Interestingly, these induced subdigraphs are vertex-disjoint and they partition the digraph. Similar to the characteristic, and permanent polynomials; the determinant, and permanent can also be calculated. Therefore, this article provides a combinatorial meaning of these useful quantities of the matrix theory. We conclude this article with a number of open problems which may be attempted for further research in this direction.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "linear time algorithm to check the singularity of block graphs"):
  with members:
    - "nonsingular block graphs an open problem"
    - "powers of tensors and fast matrix multiplication"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "rank of weighted digraphs with blocks"):
  with members:
    - "nonsingular block graphs an open problem"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "algorithm for b partitions parameterized complexity of the matrix determinant and permanent"):
  with members:
    - "powers of tensors and fast matrix multiplication"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "mathcal b partitions application to determinant and permanent of graphs"):
  with members:
    - "eigenvalues of weakly balanced signed graphs and graphs with negative cliques"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "eigenvalues of weakly balanced signed graphs and graphs with negative cliques"):
  with members:
    - "applications of structural balance in signed social networks"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics)