human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "benchmarking state of the art deep learning software tools"
  Abstract: Deep learning has been shown as a successful machine learning method for a variety of tasks, and its popularity results in numerous open-source deep learning software tools. Training a deep network is usually a very time-consuming process. To address the computational challenge in deep learning, many tools exploit hardware features such as multi-core CPUs and many-core GPUs to shorten the training time. However, different tools exhibit different features and running performance when training different types of deep networks on different hardware platforms, which makes it difficult for end users to select an appropriate pair of software and hardware. In this paper, we aim to make a comparative study of the state-of-the-art GPU-accelerated deep learning software tools, including Caffe, CNTK, MXNet, TensorFlow, and Torch. We first benchmark the running performance of these tools with three popular types of neural networks on two CPU platforms and three GPU platforms. We then benchmark some distributed versions on multiple GPUs. Our contribution is two-fold. First, for end users of deep learning tools, our benchmarking results can serve as a guide to selecting appropriate hardware platforms and software tools. Second, for software developers of deep learning tools, our in-depth analysis points out possible future directions to further optimize the running performance.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "a survey on distributed machine learning"):
  with members:
    - "mxnet mpi embedding mpi parallelism in parameter server task model for scaling deep learning"
    - "how to backdoor federated learning"
    - "no peek a survey of private distributed deep learning"
    - "horovod fast and easy distributed deep learning in tensorflow"
    - "poseidon an efficient communication architecture for distributed deep learning on gpu clusters"
    - "scaling deep learning on gpu and knights landing clusters"
    - "revisiting distributed synchronous sgd"
    - "accurate large minibatch sgd training imagenet in 1 hour"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "characterizing deep learning training workloads on alibaba pai"):
  with members:
    - "scalable deep learning on distributed infrastructures challenges techniques and tools"
    - "data motif based proxy benchmarks for big data and ai workloads"
    - "graph convolutional neural networks for web scale recommender systems"
    - "communication scheduling as a first class citizen in distributed machine learning systems"
    - "data motifs a lens towards fully understanding big data and ai workloads"
    - "bert pre training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding"
    - "fusionstitching deep fusion and code generation for tensorflow computations on gpus"
    - "predicting the computational cost of deep learning models"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "performance analysis and characterization of training deep learning models on mobile devices"):
  with members:
    - "towards federated learning at scale system design"
    - "agnostic federated learning"
    - "applied federated learning improving google keyboard query suggestions"
    - "deepcache principled cache for mobile deep vision"
    - "federated learning strategies for improving communication efficiency"
    - "runtime concurrency control and operation scheduling for high performance neural network training"
    - "beyond data and model parallelism for deep neural networks"
    - "latency and throughput characterization of convolutional neural networks for mobile computer vision"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "performance analysis and characterization of training deep learning models on nvidia tx2"):
  with members:
    - "towards federated learning at scale system design"
    - "agnostic federated learning"
    - "applied federated learning improving google keyboard query suggestions"
    - "deepcache principled cache for mobile deep vision"
    - "federated learning strategies for improving communication efficiency"
    - "runtime concurrency control and operation scheduling for high performance neural network training"
    - "beyond data and model parallelism for deep neural networks"
    - "federated optimization for heterogeneous networks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "meth a family of high resolution and variable shape image challenges"):
  with members:
    - "leveraging the bfloat16 artificial intelligence datatype for higher precision computations"
    - "a study of bfloat16 for deep learning training"
    - "continual lifelong learning with neural networks a review"
    - "benchmarking tpu gpu and cpu platforms for deep learning"
    - "the open images dataset v4 unified image classification object detection and visual relationship detection at scale"
    - "exascale deep learning for climate analytics"
    - "horovod fast and easy distributed deep learning in tensorflow"
    - "high resolution breast cancer screening with multi view deep convolutional neural networks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "the impact of gpu dvfs on the energy and performance of deep learning an empirical study"):
  with members:
    - "highly scalable deep learning training system with mixed precision training imagenet in four minutes"
    - "imagenet training in minutes"
    - "deep gradient compression reducing the communication bandwidth for distributed training"
    - "adacomp adaptive residual gradient compression for data parallel distributed training"
    - "gpgpu performance estimation with core and memory frequency scaling"
    - "efficient processing of deep neural networks a tutorial and survey"
    - "performance modeling and evaluation of distributed deep learning frameworks on gpus"
    - "neuralpower predict and deploy energy efficient convolutional neural networks"

Connected through hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "an empirical study towards characterizing deep learning development and deployment across different frameworks and platforms"):
  with members:
    - "moving deep learning into web browser how far can we go"
    - "deep learning towards mobile applications"
    - "deepgauge multi granularity testing criteria for deep learning systems"
    - "deepmutation mutation testing of deep learning systems"
    - "a first look at deep learning apps on smartphones"
    - "lstm a search space odyssey"
    - "foolbox v0 8 0 a python toolbox to benchmark the robustness of machine learning models"
    - "deepxplore automated whitebox testing of deep learning systems"

Connected through hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "performance and power evaluation of ai accelerators for training deep learning models"):
  with members:
    - "automl a survey of the state of the art"
    - "the impact of gpu dvfs on the energy and performance of deep learning an empirical study"
    - "benchmarking tpu gpu and cpu platforms for deep learning"
    - "image classification at supercomputer scale"
    - "bert pre training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding"
    - "intel ngraph an intermediate representation compiler and executor for deep learning"
    - "in datacenter performance analysis of a tensor processing unit"
    - "gpgpu performance estimation with core and memory frequency scaling"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing)