human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "machine learning using the variational predictive information bottleneck with a validation set"
  Abstract: Zellner (1988) modeled statistical inference in terms of information processing and postulated the Information Conservation Principle (ICP) between the input and output of the information processing block, showing that this yielded Bayesian inference as the optimum information processing rule. Recently, Alemi (2019) reviewed Zellner's work in the context of machine learning and showed that the ICP could be seen as a special case of a more general optimum information processing criterion, namely the Predictive Information Bottleneck Objective. However, Alemi modeled the model training step in machine learning as using training and test data sets only, and did not account for the use of a validation data set during training. The present note is an attempt to extend Alemi's information processing formulation of machine learning, and the predictive information bottleneck objective for model training, to the widely-used scenario where training utilizes not only a training but also a validation data set.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "on the information bottleneck problems models connections applications and information theoretic views"):
  with members:
    - "learning representations for neural network based classification using the information bottleneck principle"
    - "on the difference between the information bottleneck and the deep information bottleneck"
    - "extracting robust and accurate features via a robust information bottleneck"
    - "general information bottleneck objectives and their applications to machine learning"
    - "vector gaussian ceo problem under logarithmic loss"
    - "on universal features for high dimensional learning and inference"
    - "estimation efficiency under privacy constraints"
    - "variational predictive information bottleneck"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "general information bottleneck objectives and their applications to machine learning"):
  with members:
    - "tightening mutual information based bounds on generalization error"
    - "variational predictive information bottleneck"
    - "chaining mutual information and tightening generalization bounds"
    - "information theoretic analysis of generalization capability of learning algorithms"
    - "opening the black box of deep neural networks via information"
    - "maximum mutual information regularized classification"
    - "optimal causal inference estimating stored information and approximating causal architecture"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)