human: Given a node-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where nodes represent papers and hyperedges represent sets of papers co-cited by a source paper.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center node: "language models as knowledge bases"
  Abstract: Recent progress in pretraining language models on large textual corpora led to a surge of improvements for downstream NLP tasks. Whilst learning linguistic knowledge, these models may also be storing relational knowledge present in the training data, and may be able to answer queries structured as "fill-in-the-blank" cloze statements. Language models have many advantages over structured knowledge bases: they require no schema engineering, allow practitioners to query about an open class of relations, are easy to extend to more data, and require no human supervision to train. We present an in-depth analysis of the relational knowledge already present (without fine-tuning) in a wide range of state-of-the-art pretrained language models. We find that (i) without fine-tuning, BERT contains relational knowledge competitive with traditional NLP methods that have some access to oracle knowledge, (ii) BERT also does remarkably well on open-domain question answering against a supervised baseline, and (iii) certain types of factual knowledge are learned much more readily than others by standard language model pretraining approaches. The surprisingly strong ability of these models to recall factual knowledge without any fine-tuning demonstrates their potential as unsupervised open-domain QA systems. The code to reproduce our analysis is available at this https URL.

Connected through hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "natural language qa approaches using reasoning with external knowledge"):
  with members:
    - "transformers as soft reasoners over language"
    - "recent advances in natural language inference a survey of benchmarks resources and approaches"
    - "boolq exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes no questions"
    - "piqa reasoning about physical commonsense in natural language"
    - "quoref a reading comprehension dataset with questions requiring coreferential reasoning"
    - "understanding roles and entities datasets and models for natural language inference"
    - "qasc a dataset for question answering via sentence composition"
    - "exploring ways to incorporate additional knowledge to improve natural language commonsense question answering"

Connected through hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "sbert wk a sentence embedding method by dissecting bert based word models"):
  with members:
    - "are sixteen heads really better than one"
    - "pitfalls in the evaluation of sentence embeddings"
    - "evaluating word embedding models methods and experimental results"
    - "sentence bert sentence embeddings using siamese bert networks"
    - "albert a lite bert for self supervised learning of language representations"
    - "how contextual are contextualized word representations comparing the geometry of bert elmo and gpt 2 embeddings"
    - "revealing the dark secrets of bert"
    - "visualizing and understanding the effectiveness of bert"

Connected through hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "k adapter infusing knowledge into pre trained models with adapters"):
  with members:
    - "pretrained encyclopedia weakly supervised knowledge pretrained language model"
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "kepler a unified model for knowledge embedding and pre trained language representation"
    - "parameter efficient transfer learning for nlp"
    - "bert is not a knowledge base yet factual knowledge vs name based reasoning in unsupervised qa"
    - "informing unsupervised pretraining with external linguistic knowledge"
    - "matching the blanks distributional similarity for relation learning"
    - "transformer xl attentive language models beyond a fixed length context"

Connected through hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "realm retrieval augmented language model pre training"):
  with members:
    - "how much knowledge can you pack into the parameters of a language model"
    - "generalization through memorization nearest neighbor language models"
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "latent retrieval for weakly supervised open domain question answering"
    - "knowledge guided text retrieval and reading for open domain question answering"
    - "spanbert improving pre training by representing and predicting spans"
    - "learning to retrieve reasoning paths over wikipedia graph for question answering"
    - "a discrete hard em approach for weakly supervised question answering"

Connected through hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "how much knowledge can you pack into the parameters of a language model"):
  with members:
    - "realm retrieval augmented language model pre training"
    - "boolq exploring the surprising difficulty of natural yes no questions"
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "latent retrieval for weakly supervised open domain question answering"
    - "knowledge guided text retrieval and reading for open domain question answering"
    - "how can we know what language models know"
    - "frustratingly easy natural question answering"
    - "learning to retrieve reasoning paths over wikipedia graph for question answering"

Connected through hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "cbag conditional biomedical abstract generation"):
  with members:
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "transfer learning in biomedical natural language processing an evaluation of bert and elmo on ten benchmarking datasets"
    - "biobert a pre trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text mining"
    - "the deepfake detection challenge dfdc preview dataset"
    - "ernie enhanced representation through knowledge integration"
    - "ctrl a conditional transformer language model for controllable generation"
    - "reducing bert pre training time from 3 days to 76 minutes"
    - "bert has a mouth and it must speak bert as a markov random field language model"

Connected through hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "codebert a pre trained model for programming and natural languages"):
  with members:
    - "exploring the limits of transfer learning with a unified text to text transformer"
    - "pre trained contextual embedding of source code"
    - "codesearchnet challenge evaluating the state of semantic code search"
    - "vilbert pretraining task agnostic visiolinguistic representations for vision and language tasks"
    - "videobert a joint model for video and language representation learning"
    - "olmpics on what language model pre training captures"
    - "how multilingual is multilingual bert"
    - "xlnet generalized autoregressive pretraining for language understanding"

Connected through hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "pretrained encyclopedia weakly supervised knowledge pretrained language model"):
  with members:
    - "fairseq a fast extensible toolkit for sequence modeling"
    - "latent retrieval for weakly supervised open domain question answering"
    - "data augmentation for bert fine tuning in open domain question answering"
    - "barack s wife hillary using knowledge graphs for fact aware language modeling"
    - "leveraging knowledge bases in lstms for improving machine reading"
    - "knowledge augmented language model and its application to unsupervised named entity recognition"
    - "knowledge enhanced contextual word representations"
    - "multi passage bert a globally normalized bert model for open domain question answering"

Question: Please tell me which class the center node belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.CL(Computation and Language)