human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "stochastic gradient descent on highly parallel architectures"):
  Abstract: There is an increased interest in building data analytics frameworks with advanced algebraic capabilities both in industry and academia. Many of these frameworks, e.g., TensorFlow and BIDMach, implement their compute-intensive primitives in two flavors---as multi-thread routines for multi-core CPUs and as highly-parallel kernels executed on GPU. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the most popular optimization method for model training implemented extensively on modern data analytics platforms. While the data-intensive properties of SGD are well-known, there is an intense debate on which of the many SGD variants is better in practice. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive study of parallel SGD for training generalized linear models. We consider the impact of three factors -- computing architecture (multi-core CPU or GPU), synchronous or asynchronous model updates, and data sparsity -- on three measures---hardware efficiency, statistical efficiency, and time to convergence. In the process, we design an optimized asynchronous SGD algorithm for GPU that leverages warp shuffling and cache coalescing for data and model access. We draw several interesting findings from our extensive experiments with logistic regression (LR) and support vector machines (SVM) on five real datasets. For synchronous SGD, GPU always outperforms parallel CPU---they both outperform a sequential CPU solution by more than 400X. For asynchronous SGD, parallel CPU is the safest choice while GPU with data replication is better in certain situations. The choice between synchronous GPU and asynchronous CPU depends on the task and the characteristics of the data. As a reference, our best implementation outperforms TensorFlow and BIDMach consistently. We hope that our insights provide a useful guide for applying parallel SGD to generalized linear models.

Includes members:
  Member "a cost based optimizer for gradient descent optimization":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "tuple oriented compression for large scale mini batch stochastic gradient descent")
  Member "omnivore an optimizer for multi device deep learning on cpus and gpus":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "distributed learning of deep neural networks using independent subnet training")
  Member "database meets deep learning challenges and opportunities":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "facilitating sql query composition and analysis")
  Member "tensorflow a system for large scale machine learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "using a thousand optimization tasks to learn hyperparameter search strategies")
  Member "caffe con troll shallow ideas to speed up deep learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "cluster pruning an efficient filter pruning method for edge ai vision applications")
  Member "deep residual learning for image recognition":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "discrimination aware network pruning for deep model compression")
  Member "incremental gradient subgradient and proximal methods for convex optimization a survey":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "the impact of neural network overparameterization on gradient confusion and stochastic gradient descent")
  Member "dimmwitted a study of main memory statistical analytics":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "distributed learning of deep neural networks using independent subnet training")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DB(Databases)