human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "detecting backdoor attacks on deep neural networks by activation clustering"):
  Abstract: While machine learning (ML) models are being increasingly trusted to make decisions in different and varying areas, the safety of systems using such models has become an increasing concern. In particular, ML models are often trained on data from potentially untrustworthy sources, providing adversaries with the opportunity to manipulate them by inserting carefully crafted samples into the training set. Recent work has shown that this type of attack, called a poisoning attack, allows adversaries to insert backdoors or trojans into the model, enabling malicious behavior with simple external backdoor triggers at inference time and only a blackbox perspective of the model itself. Detecting this type of attack is challenging because the unexpected behavior occurs only when a backdoor trigger, which is known only to the adversary, is present. Model users, either direct users of training data or users of pre-trained model from a catalog, may not guarantee the safe operation of their ML-based system. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to backdoor detection and removal for neural networks. Through extensive experimental results, we demonstrate its effectiveness for neural networks classifying text and images. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first methodology capable of detecting poisonous data crafted to insert backdoors and repairing the model that does not require a verified and trusted dataset.

Includes members:
  Member "fine pruning defending against backdooring attacks on deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "entangled watermarks as a defense against model extraction")
  Member "sok security and privacy in machine learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "secure and robust machine learning for healthcare a survey")
  Member "generative poisoning attack method against neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "humpty dumpty controlling word meanings via corpus poisoning")
  Member "badnets identifying vulnerabilities in the machine learning model supply chain":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "vulnerabilities of connectionist ai applications evaluation and defence")
  Member "towards poisoning of deep learning algorithms with back gradient optimization":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "certified robustness to label flipping attacks via randomized smoothing")
  Member "understanding deep learning requires rethinking generalization":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "train large then compress rethinking model size for efficient training and inference of transformers")
  Member "towards evaluating the robustness of neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")
  Member "very deep convolutional networks for large scale image recognition":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "discrimination aware network pruning for deep model compression")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)