human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "efficient learning of sparse conditional random fields for supervised sequence labeling"):
  Abstract: Conditional random fields (CRFs) constitute a popular and efficient approach for supervised sequence labeling. CRFs can cope with large description spaces and can integrate some form of structural dependency between labels. In this paper, we address the issue of efficient feature selection for CRFs based on imposing sparsity through an l1 penalty. We first show how sparsity of the parameter set can be exploited to significantly speed up training and labeling. We then introduce coordinate descent parameter update schemes for CRFs with l1 regularization. We finally provide some empirical comparisons of the proposed approach with state-of-the-art CRF training strategies. In particular, it is shown that the proposed approach is able to take profit of the sparsity to speed up processing and handle larger dimensional models.

Includes members:
  Member "efficiently inducing features of conditional random fields":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "geometric matrix completion with deep conditional random fields")
  Member "introduction to the conll 2003 shared task language independent named entity recognition":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "realm retrieval augmented language model pre training")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)