human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "validating and describing linked data portals using shapes"):
  Abstract: Linked data portals need to be able to advertise and describe the structure of their content. A sufficiently expressive and intuitive schema language will allow portals to communicate these structures. Validation tools will aid in the publication and maintenance of linked data and increase their quality. #R##N#Two schema language proposals have recently emerged for describing the structures of RDF graphs: Shape Expressions (ShEx) and Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL). In this paper we describe how these formalisms can be used in the development of a linked data portal to describe and validate its contents. As a use case, we specify a data model inspired by the WebIndex data model, a medium size linked data portal, using both ShEx and SHACL, and we propose a benchmark that can generate compliant test data structures of any size. We then perform some preliminary experiments showing performance of one validation engine based on ShEx.

Includes members:
  Member "shape expressions schemas":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)
  Member "using description logics for rdf constraint checking and closed world recognition":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "linked open data validity a technical report from isws 2018")
  Member "semantics and complexity of sparql":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "functional programming in pattern match oriented programming style")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DB(Databases)