human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "accelerating deep neural network training with inconsistent stochastic gradient descent"):
  Abstract: SGD is the widely adopted method to train CNN. Conceptually it approximates the population with a randomly sampled batch; then it evenly trains batches by conducting a gradient update on every batch in an epoch. In this paper, we demonstrate Sampling Bias, Intrinsic Image Difference and Fixed Cycle Pseudo Random Sampling differentiate batches in training, which then affect learning speeds on them. Because of this, the unbiased treatment of batches involved in SGD creates improper load balancing. To address this issue, we present Inconsistent Stochastic Gradient Descent (ISGD) to dynamically vary training effort according to learning statuses on batches. Specifically ISGD leverages techniques in Statistical Process Control to identify a undertrained batch. Once a batch is undertrained, ISGD solves a new subproblem, a chasing logic plus a conservative constraint, to accelerate the training on the batch while avoid drastic parameter changes. Extensive experiments on a variety of datasets demonstrate ISGD converges faster than SGD. In training AlexNet, ISGD is 21.05\% faster than SGD to reach 56\% top1 accuracy under the exactly same experiment setup. We also extend ISGD to work on multiGPU or heterogeneous distributed system based on data parallelism, enabling the batch size to be the key to scalability. Then we present the study of ISGD batch size to the learning rate, parallelism, synchronization cost, system saturation and scalability. We conclude the optimal ISGD batch size is machine dependent. Various experiments on a multiGPU system validate our claim. In particular, ISGD trains AlexNet to 56.3% top1 and 80.1% top5 accuracy in 11.5 hours with 4 NVIDIA TITAN X at the batch size of 1536.

Includes members:
  Member "efficient communications in training large scale neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "superneurons dynamic gpu memory management for training deep neural networks")
  Member "on variance reduction in stochastic gradient descent and its asynchronous variants":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "faster on device training using new federated momentum algorithm")
  Member "batch normalization accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "discrimination aware network pruning for deep model compression")
  Member "blasx a high performance level 3 blas library for heterogeneous multi gpu computing":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "ism2 optimizing irregular shaped matrix matrix multiplication on gpus")
  Member "long term recurrent convolutional networks for visual recognition and description":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "learning spatiotemporal features via video and text pair discrimination")
  Member "caffe convolutional architecture for fast feature embedding":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "object detection in optical remote sensing images a survey and a new benchmark")
  Member "optimal distributed online prediction using mini batches":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "communication optimization strategies for distributed deep learning a survey")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)