human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "spanning directed trees with many leaves"):
  Abstract: The {\sc Directed Maximum Leaf Out-Branching} problem is to find an out-branching (i.e. a rooted oriented spanning tree) in a given digraph with the maximum number of leaves. In this paper, we obtain two combinatorial results on the number of leaves in out-branchings. We show that #R##N#- every strongly connected $n$-vertex digraph $D$ with minimum in-degree at least 3 has an out-branching with at least $(n/4)^{1/3}-1$ leaves; #R##N#- if a strongly connected digraph $D$ does not contain an out-branching with $k$ leaves, then the pathwidth of its underlying graph UG($D$) is $O(k\log k)$. Moreover, if the digraph is acyclic, the pathwidth is at most $4k$. #R##N#The last result implies that it can be decided in time $2^{O(k\log^2 k)}\cdot n^{O(1)}$ whether a strongly connected digraph on $n$ vertices has an out-branching with at least $k$ leaves. On acyclic digraphs the running time of our algorithm is $2^{O(k\log k)}\cdot n^{O(1)}$.

Includes members:
  Member "parameterized algorithms for directed maximum leaf problems":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "on finding directed trees with many leaves")
  Member "an fpt algorithm for directed spanning k leaf":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "on finding directed trees with many leaves")
  Member "better algorithms and bounds for directed maximum leaf problems":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "minimum leaf out branching and related problems")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms)