human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "automated derivation of the adjoint of high level transient finite element programs"):
  Abstract: In this paper we demonstrate a new technique for deriving discrete adjoint and tangent linear models of a finite element model. The technique is significantly more efficient and automatic than standard algorithmic differentiation techniques. The approach relies on a high-level symbolic representation of the forward problem. In contrast to developing a model directly in Fortran or C++, high-level systems allow the developer to express the variational problems to be solved in near-mathematical notation. As such, these systems have a key advantage: since the mathematical structure of the problem is preserved, they are more amenable to automated analysis and manipulation. The framework introduced here is implemented in a freely available software package named dolfin-adjoint, based on the FEniCS Project. Our approach to automated adjoint derivation relies on run-time annotation of the temporal structure of the model and employs the FEniCS finite element form compiler to automatically generate the low-level co...

Includes members:
  Member "dolfin automated finite element computing":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "automatic weak imposition of free slip boundary conditions via nitsche s method application to nonlinear problems in geodynamics")
  Member "optimizations for quadrature representations of finite element tensors through automated code generation":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "firedrake automating the finite element method by composing abstractions")
  Member "building the tangent and adjoint codes of the ocean general circulation model opa with the automatic differentiation tool tapenade":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.MS(Mathematical Software)