human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "model checking lower bounds for simple graphs"):
  Abstract: A well-known result by Frick and Grohe shows that deciding FO logic on trees#N#involves a parameter dependence that is a tower of exponentials. Though this#N#lower bound is tight for Courcelle's theorem, it has been evaded by a series of#N#recent meta-theorems for other graph classes. Here we provide some additional#N#non-elementary lower bound results, which are in some senses stronger. Our goal#N#is to explain common traits in these recent meta-theorems and identify barriers#N#to further progress. More specifically, first, we show that on the class of#N#threshold graphs, and therefore also on any union and complement-closed class,#N#there is no model-checking algorithm with elementary parameter dependence even#N#for FO logic. Second, we show that there is no model-checking algorithm with#N#elementary parameter dependence for MSO logic even restricted to paths (or#N#equivalently to unary strings), unless E=NE. As a corollary, we resolve an open#N#problem on the complexity of MSO model-checking on graphs of bounded max-leaf#N#number. Finally, we look at MSO on the class of colored trees of depth d. We#N#show that, assuming the ETH, for every fixed d>=1 at least d+1 levels of#N#exponentiation are necessary for this problem, thus showing that the (d+1)-fold#N#exponential algorithm recently given by Gajarsk\`{y} and Hlin\u{e}n\`{y} is#N#essentially optimal.

Includes members:
  Member "on the parameterized intractability of monadic second order logic":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "subgraphs satisfying mso properties on z topologically orderable digraphs")
  Member "problems parameterized by treewidth tractable in single exponential time a logical approach":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "subexponential parameterized algorithms and kernelization on almost chordal graphs")
  Member "deciding first order properties of locally tree decomposable structures":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "hitting topological minors is fpt")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.CC(Computational Complexity)