human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "model checking markov population models by stochastic approximations"):
  Abstract: Many complex systems can be described by population models, in which a pool of agents interacts and produces complex collective behaviours. We consider the problem of verifying formal properties of the underlying mathematical representation of these models, which is a Continuous Time Markov Chain, often with a huge state space. To circumvent the state space explosion, we rely on stochastic approximation techniques, which replace the large model by a simpler one, guaranteed to be probabilistically consistent. We show how to efficiently and accurately verify properties of random individual agents, specified by Continuous Stochastic Logic extended with Timed Automata (CSL-TA), and how to lift these specifications to the collective level, approximating the number of agents satisfying them using second or higher order stochastic approximation techniques.

Includes members:
  Member "probabilistic model checking for continuous time markov chains via sequential bayesian inference":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "central limit model checking")
  Member "fluid model checking of timed properties":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)
  Member "efficient checking of individual rewards properties in markov population models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "quantitative aspects of programming languages and systems over the past 2 4 years and beyond")
  Member "smoothed model checking for uncertain continuous time markov chains":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "parameter synthesis for markov models")
  Member "fluid model checking":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "semi quantitative abstraction and analysis of chemical reaction networks")
  Member "model checking of continuous time markov chains against timed automata specifications":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "fluid model checking of timed properties")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science)