human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "playing with duality an overview of recent primal dual approaches for solving large scale optimization problems"):
  Abstract: Optimization methods are at the core of many problems in signal/image processing, computer vision, and machine learning. For a long time, it has been recognized that looking at the dual of an optimization problem may drastically simplify its solution. Deriving efficient strategies which jointly brings into play the primal and the dual problems is however a more recent idea which has generated many important new contributions in the last years. These novel developments are grounded on recent advances in convex analysis, discrete optimization, parallel processing, and non-smooth optimization with emphasis on sparsity issues. In this paper, we aim at presenting the principles of primal-dual approaches, while giving an overview of numerical methods which have been proposed in different contexts. We show the benefits which can be drawn from primal-dual algorithms both for solving large-scale convex optimization problems and discrete ones, and we provide various application examples to illustrate their usefulness.

Includes members:
  Member "proximal reinforcement learning a new theory of sequential decision making in primal dual spaces":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "provably convergent two timescale off policy actor critic with function approximation")
  Member "reflection methods for user friendly submodular optimization":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "quadratic decomposable submodular function minimization theory and practice")
  Member "tightening mrf relaxations with planar subproblems":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "submodular relaxation for inference in markov random fields")
  Member "tightening lp relaxations for map using message passing":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "graph structured prediction energy networks")
  Member "optimization with sparsity inducing penalties":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "sparse optimization for green edge ai inference")
  Member "submodular decomposition framework for inference in associative markov networks with global constraints":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "submodular relaxation for inference in markov random fields")
  Member "generalized roof duality and bisubmodular functions":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "a discriminative view of mrf pre processing algorithms")
  Member "norm product belief propagation primal dual message passing for approximate inference":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "scalable explanation of inferences on large graphs")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis)