human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "activforms a model based approach to engineer self adaptive systems"):
  Abstract: Handling change is an increasingly important challenge for software engineers. Our focus is on changes caused by uncertainties in the operating conditions of a system, such as changes in the availability of resources in a highly dynamic environment. To deal with such uncertainties, an external feedback loop system can be added to the system that collects additional data during operation to resolve the uncertainties and adapt the system to achieve particular quality requirements (i.e., adaptation goals); this approach is commonly referred to as self-adaptation. To ensure that the system complies with the adaptation goals, recent research suggests the use of formal techniques at runtime. Existing approaches have three shortcomings that limit their practical applicability: (i) they ignore correctness of the behavior of the feedback loop, (ii) they apply exhaustive verification at runtime to select adaptation options to realize the adaptation goals, which is very resource demanding, and (iii) they provide limited or no support for changing adaptation goals at runtime. To tackle these shortcomings, we present ActivFORMS (Active FORmal Models for Self-adaptation). ActivFORMS: (i) provides guarantees for the correct behavior of the feedback loop with respect to a set of correctness properties at design time and preserves the guarantees at runtime by directly executing the verified models of the feedback loop, (ii) guides the adaptation of the system by selecting adaptation options that realize the adaptation goals in an efficient manner using statistical model checking at runtime, and (iii) offers basic support for changing adaptation goals and updating verified models of the feedback loop on-the-fly to meet the new goals. To validate ActivFORMS, we present a tool-supported instance of the approach that we apply to an IoT application for building security monitoring deployed in Leuven.

Includes members:
  Member "perpetual assurances for self adaptive systems":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "optimal by design model driven synthesis of adaptation strategies for autonomous systems")
  Member "using models at runtime to address assurance for self adaptive systems":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "perpetual assurances for self adaptive systems")
  Member "model driven engineering of self adaptive software with eurema":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "perpetual assurances for self adaptive systems")
  Member "statistical model checking an overview":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "probabilistic verification of fairness properties via concentration")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.SE(Software Engineering)