human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "robustness verification of tree based models"):
  Abstract: We study the robustness verification problem for tree-based models, including decision trees, random forests (RFs) and gradient boosted decision trees (GBDTs). Formal robustness verification of decision tree ensembles involves finding the exact minimal adversarial perturbation or a guaranteed lower bound of it. Existing approaches find the minimal adversarial perturbation by a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, which takes exponential time so is impractical for large ensembles. Although this verification problem is NP-complete in general, we give a more precise complexity characterization. We show that there is a simple linear time algorithm for verifying a single tree, and for tree ensembles, the verification problem can be cast as a max-clique problem on a multi-partite graph with bounded boxicity. For low dimensional problems when boxicity can be viewed as constant, this reformulation leads to a polynomial time algorithm. For general problems, by exploiting the boxicity of the graph, we develop an efficient multi-level verification algorithm that can give tight lower bounds on the robustness of decision tree ensembles, while allowing iterative improvement and any-time termination. OnRF/GBDT models trained on 10 datasets, our algorithm is hundreds of times faster than the previous approach that requires solving MILPs, and is able to give tight robustness verification bounds on large GBDTs with hundreds of deep trees.

Includes members:
  Member "formal verification of input output mappings of tree ensembles":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)
  Member "formal verification of decision tree ensemble model and detection of its violating input value ranges":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      (none)
  Member "verifying aircraft collision avoidance neural networks through linear approximations of safe regions":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "robustness verification for transformers")
  Member "robust decision trees against adversarial examples":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "robustness for non parametric classification a generic attack and defense")
  Member "a convex relaxation barrier to tight robustness verification of neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "overfitting in adversarially robust deep learning")
  Member "verifying robustness of gradient boosted models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "additive tree ensembles reasoning about potential instances")
  Member "scaling provable adversarial defenses":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "overfitting in adversarially robust deep learning")
  Member "adversarial risk and the dangers of evaluating against weak attacks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "black box smoothing a provable defense for pretrained classifiers")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)