human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "persistency of excitation for robustness of neural networks"):
  Abstract: When an online learning algorithm is used to estimate the unknown parameters of a model, the signals interacting with the parameter estimates should not decay too quickly for the optimal values to be discovered correctly. This requirement is referred to as persistency of excitation, and it arises in various contexts, such as optimization with stochastic gradient methods, exploration for multi-armed bandits, and adaptive control of dynamical systems. While training a neural network, the iterative optimization algorithm involved also creates an online learning problem, and consequently, correct estimation of the optimal parameters requires persistent excitation of the network weights. In this work, we analyze the dynamics of the gradient descent algorithm while training a two-layer neural network with two different loss functions, the squared-error loss and the cross-entropy loss; and we obtain conditions to guarantee persistent excitation of the network weights. We then show that these conditions are difficult to satisfy when a multi-layer network is trained for a classification task, for the signals in the intermediate layers of the network become low-dimensional during training and fail to remain persistently exciting. To provide a remedy, we delve into the classical regularization terms used for linear models, reinterpret them as a means to ensure persistent excitation of the model parameters, and propose an algorithm for neural networks by building an analogy. The results in this work shed some light on why adversarial examples have become a challenging problem for neural networks, why merely augmenting training data sets will not be an effective approach to address them, and why there may not exist a data-independent regularization term for neural networks, which involve only the model parameters but not the training data.

Includes members:
  Member "traditional and heavy tailed self regularization in neural network models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "resilient cyberphysical systems and their application drivers a technology roadmap")
  Member "step size matters in deep learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "unique properties of wide minima in deep networks")
  Member "risk and parameter convergence of logistic regression":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "a generalization theory of gradient descent for learning over parameterized deep relu networks")
  Member "foolbox v0 8 0 a python toolbox to benchmark the robustness of machine learning models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "advbox a toolbox to generate adversarial examples that fool neural networks")
  Member "understanding deep learning requires rethinking generalization":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "train large then compress rethinking model size for efficient training and inference of transformers")
  Member "adversarial examples in the physical world":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")
  Member "intriguing properties of neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)