human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "predicting trends in the quality of state of the art neural networks without access to training or testing data"):
  Abstract: In many applications, one works with deep neural network (DNN) models trained by someone else. For such pretrained models, one typically does not have access to training/test data. Moreover, one does not know many details about the model, such as the specifics of the training data, the loss function, the hyperparameter values, etc. Given one or many pretrained models, can one say anything about the expected performance or quality of the models? Here, we present and evaluate empirical quality metrics for pretrained DNN models at scale. Using the open-source WeightWatcher tool, we analyze hundreds of publicly-available pretrained models, including older and current state-of-the-art models in CV and NLP. We examine norm-based capacity control metrics as well as newer Power Law (PL) based metrics (including fitted PL exponents and a Weighted Alpha metric), from the recently-developed Theory of Heavy-Tailed Self Regularization. Norm-based metrics correlate well with reported test accuracies for well-trained models across nearly all CV architecture series. On the other hand, norm-based metrics can not distinguish "good-versus-bad" models---which, arguably is the point of needing quality metrics. Indeed, they may give spurious results. PL-based metrics do much better---quantitatively better at discriminating series of "good-better-best" models, and qualitatively better at discriminating "good-versus-bad" models. PL-based metrics can also be used to characterize fine-scale properties of models, and we introduce the layer-wise Correlation Flow as new quality assessment. We show how poorly-trained (and/or poorly fine-tuned) models may exhibit both Scale Collapse and unusually large PL exponents, in particular for recent NLP models. Our techniques can be used to identify when a pretrained DNN has problems that can not be detected simply by examining training/test accuracies.

Includes members:
  Member "traditional and heavy tailed self regularization in neural network models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "resilient cyberphysical systems and their application drivers a technology roadmap")
  Member "huggingface s transformers state of the art natural language processing":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "unsupervised question decomposition for question answering")
  Member "pytorch an imperative style high performance deep learning library":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "discrimination aware network pruning for deep model compression")
  Member "heavy tailed universality predicts trends in test accuracies for very large pre trained deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "resilient cyberphysical systems and their application drivers a technology roadmap")
  Member "implicit self regularization in deep neural networks evidence from random matrix theory and implications for learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "self orthogonality module a network architecture plug in for learning orthogonal filters")
  Member "the singular values of convolutional layers":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "understanding generalization in deep learning via tensor methods")
  Member "rethinking generalization requires revisiting old ideas statistical mechanics approaches and complex learning behavior":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "towards efficient training for neural network quantization")
  Member "a surprising linear relationship predicts test performance in deep networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "an empirical study of large batch stochastic gradient descent with structured covariance noise")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)