human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "passive beamforming and information transfer design for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces aided multiuser mimo systems"):
  Abstract: This paper investigates the passive beamforming and information transfer (PBIT) technique for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with the aid of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), where the RIS enhances the primary communication via passive beamforming and at the same time delivers additional information by the spatial modulation (which adjusts the on-off states of the reflecting elements). For the passive beamforming design, we propose to maximize the sum channel capacity of the RIS-aided multiuser MIMO channel and formulate the problem as a two-step stochastic program. A sample average approximation (SAA) based iterative algorithm is developed for the efficient passive beamforming design of the considered scheme. To strike a balance between complexity and performance, we then propose a simplified beamforming algorithm by approximating the stochastic program as a deterministic alternating optimization problem. For the receiver design, the signal detection at the receiver is a bilinear estimation problem since the RIS information is multiplicatively modulated onto the reflected signals of the reflecting elements. To solve this bilinear estimation problem, we develop a turbo message passing (TMP) algorithm in which the factor graph associated with the problem is divided into two modules: one for the estimation of the user signals and the other for the estimation of the RIS's on-off states. The two modules are executed iteratively to yield a near-optimal low-complexity solution. Furthermore, we extend the design of the multiuser MIMO PBIT scheme from single-RIS to multi-RIS, by leveraging the similarity between the single-RIS and multi-RIS system models. Extensive simulation results are provided to demonstrate the advantages of our passive beamforming and receiver designs.

Includes members:
  Member "cascaded channel estimation for large intelligent metasurface assisted massive mimo":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "overhead aware design of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in smart radio environments")
  Member "passive beamforming and information transfer via large intelligent surface":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "parallel factor decomposition channel estimation in ris assisted multi user miso communication")
  Member "smart radio environments empowered by ai reconfigurable meta surfaces an idea whose time has come":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "mimo noma networks relying on reconfigurable intelligent surface a signal cancellation based design")
  Member "enabling large intelligent surfaces with compressive sensing and deep learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "intelligent reflecting surface assisted secure wireless communications with multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas")
  Member "towards smart and reconfigurable environment intelligent reflecting surface aided wireless network":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "mimo noma networks relying on reconfigurable intelligent surface a signal cancellation based design")
  Member "intelligent reflecting surface enhanced wireless network via joint active and passive beamforming":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "overhead aware design of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in smart radio environments")
  Member "beyond massive mimo the potential of data transmission with large intelligent surfaces":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "overhead aware design of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in smart radio environments")
  Member "reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for energy efficiency in wireless communication":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "mimo noma networks relying on reconfigurable intelligent surface a signal cancellation based design")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.IT(Information Theory)