human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "an algorithm for bounding extremal functions of forbidden sequences"):
  Abstract: Generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences are sequences that avoid a forbidden subsequence and have a sparsity requirement on their letters. Upper bounds on the lengths of generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences have been applied to a number of problems in discrete geometry and extremal combinatorics. Sharp bounds on the maximum lengths of generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences are known for some families of forbidden subsequences, but in general there are only rough bounds on the maximum lengths of most generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences. One method that was developed for finding upper bounds on the lengths of generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences uses a family of sequences called formations. #R##N#An $(r, s)$-formation is a concatenation of $s$ permutations of $r$ distinct letters. The formation width function $fw(u)$ is defined as the minimum $s$ for which there exists $r$ such that every $(r, s)$-formation contains $u$. The function $fw(u)$ has been used with upper bounds on extremal functions of $(r, s)$-formations to find tight bounds on the maximum possible lengths of many families of generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences. Algorithms have been found for computing $fw(u)$ for sequences $u$ of length $n$, but they have worst-case run time exponential in $n$, even for sequences $u$ with only three distinct letters. #R##N#We present an algorithm for computing $fw(u)$ with run time $O(n^{\alpha_r})$, where $r$ is the number of distinct letters in $u$ and $\alpha_r$ is a constant that only depends on $r$. We implement the new algorithm in Python and compare its run time to the next fastest algorithm for computing formation width. We also apply the new algorithm to find sharp upper bounds on the lengths of several families of generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences with $3$-letter forbidden patterns.

Includes members:
  Member "bounding sequence extremal functions with formations":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "sequences of formation width 4 and alternation length 5")
  Member "sharp bounds on davenport schinzel sequences of every order":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "on the zone of a circle in an arrangement of lines")
  Member "improved bounds and new techniques for davenport schinzel sequences and their generalizations":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "pattern avoiding access in binary search trees")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics)