human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "incremental bounded model checking of artificial neural networks in cuda"):
  Abstract: Artificial Neural networks (ANNs) are powerful computing systems employed for various applications due to their versatility to generalize and to respond to unexpected inputs/patterns. However, implementations of ANNs for safety-critical systems might lead to failures, which are hardly predicted in the design phase since ANNs are highly parallel and their parameters are hardly interpretable. Here we develop and evaluate a novel symbolic software verification framework based on incremental bounded model checking (BMC) to check for adversarial cases and coverage methods in multi-layer perceptron (MLP). In particular, we further develop the efficient SMT-based Context-Bounded Model Checker for Graphical Processing Units (ESBMC-GPU) in order to ensure the reliability of certain safety properties in which safety-critical systems can fail and make incorrect decisions, thereby leading to unwanted material damage or even put lives in danger. This paper marks the first symbolic verification framework to reason over ANNs implemented in CUDA. Our experimental results show that our approach implemented in ESBMC-GPU can successfully verify safety properties and covering methods in ANNs and correctly generate 28 adversarial cases in MLPs.

Includes members:
  Member "finding invariants in deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "finding input characterizations for output properties in relu neural networks")
  Member "symbolic execution for deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "importance driven deep learning system testing")
  Member "testing deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "importance driven deep learning system testing")
  Member "improving the adversarial robustness and interpretability of deep neural networks by regularizing their input gradients":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "secure and robust machine learning for healthcare a survey")
  Member "deepsafe a data driven approach for checking adversarial robustness in neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")
  Member "reluplex an efficient smt solver for verifying deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")
  Member "fashion mnist a novel image dataset for benchmarking machine learning algorithms":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "using a thousand optimization tasks to learn hyperparameter search strategies")
  Member "convergence analysis of two layer neural networks with relu activation":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "backward feature correction how deep learning performs deep learning")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science)