human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "an empirical investigation of randomized defenses against adversarial attacks"):
  Abstract: In recent years, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have had a dramatic impact on a variety of problems that were long considered very difficult, e. g., image classification and automatic language translation to name just a few. The accuracy of modern DNNs in classification tasks is remarkable indeed. At the same time, attackers have devised powerful methods to construct specially-crafted malicious inputs (often referred to as adversarial examples) that can trick DNNs into mis-classifying them. What is worse is that despite the many defense mechanisms proposed to protect DNNs against adversarial attacks, attackers are often able to circumvent these defenses, rendering them useless. This state of affairs is extremely worrying, especially since machine learning systems get adopted at scale. #R##N#In this paper, we propose a scientific evaluation methodology aimed at assessing the quality, efficacy, robustness and efficiency of randomized defenses to protect DNNs against adversarial examples. Using this methodology, we evaluate a variety of defense mechanisms. In addition, we also propose a defense mechanism we call Randomly Perturbed Ensemble Neural Networks (RPENNs). We provide a thorough and comprehensive evaluation of the considered defense mechanisms against a white-box attacker model, six different adversarial attack methods and using the ILSVRC2012 validation data set.

Includes members:
  Member "sok security and privacy in machine learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "secure and robust machine learning for healthcare a survey")
  Member "feature squeezing detecting adversarial examples in deep neural networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "secure and robust machine learning for healthcare a survey")
  Member "adversarial examples are not easily detected bypassing ten detection methods":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "secure and robust machine learning for healthcare a survey")
  Member "defense against adversarial attacks using high level representation guided denoiser":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "universal adversarial attack on attention and the resulting dataset damagenet")
  Member "foolbox v0 8 0 a python toolbox to benchmark the robustness of machine learning models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "advbox a toolbox to generate adversarial examples that fool neural networks")
  Member "magnet and efficient defenses against adversarial attacks are not robust to adversarial examples":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "vulnerabilities of connectionist ai applications evaluation and defence")
  Member "towards robust neural networks via random self ensemble":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "black box smoothing a provable defense for pretrained classifiers")
  Member "practical black box attacks against machine learning":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "adversarial ranking attack and defense")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)