human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "understanding top k sparsification in distributed deep learning"):
  Abstract: Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms are widely deployed in training large-scale deep learning models, while the communication overhead among workers becomes the new system bottleneck. Recently proposed gradient sparsification techniques, especially Top-$k$ sparsification with error compensation (TopK-SGD), can significantly reduce the communication traffic without an obvious impact on the model accuracy. Some theoretical studies have been carried out to analyze the convergence property of TopK-SGD. However, existing studies do not dive into the details of Top-$k$ operator in gradient sparsification and use relaxed bounds (e.g., exact bound of Random-$k$) for analysis; hence the derived results cannot well describe the real convergence performance of TopK-SGD. To this end, we first study the gradient distributions of TopK-SGD during the training process through extensive experiments. We then theoretically derive a tighter bound for the Top-$k$ operator. Finally, we exploit the property of gradient distribution to propose an approximate top-$k$ selection algorithm, which is computing-efficient for GPUs, to improve the scaling efficiency of TopK-SGD by significantly reducing the computing overhead. Codes are available at: \url{this https URL}.

Includes members:
  Member "error feedback fixes signsgd and other gradient compression schemes":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "communication optimization strategies for distributed deep learning a survey")
  Member "a distributed synchronous sgd algorithm with global top k sparsification for low bandwidth networks":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "adaptive gradient sparsification for efficient federated learning an online learning approach")
  Member "optimizing network performance for distributed dnn training on gpu clusters imagenet alexnet training in 1 5 minutes":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "learning home crowdsourced training of large neural networks using decentralized mixture of experts")
  Member "redsync reducing synchronization bandwidth for distributed deep learning training system":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "communication optimization strategies for distributed deep learning a survey")
  Member "communication efficient distributed blockwise momentum sgd with error feedback":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "stochastic sign sgd for federated learning with theoretical guarantees")
  Member "sparsified sgd with memory":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "sparse weight activation training")
  Member "highly scalable deep learning training system with mixed precision training imagenet in four minutes":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "communication optimization strategies for distributed deep learning a survey")
  Member "horovod fast and easy distributed deep learning in tensorflow":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "communication optimization strategies for distributed deep learning a survey")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)