human: Given a hyperedge-centered hypergraph: <hypergraph>, where the center hyperedge is induced by one source paper and its member nodes are the cited papers.

Details of the hypergraph:
Center hyperedge (induced by source paper "disparate vulnerability on the unfairness of privacy attacks against machine learning"):
  Abstract: A membership inference attack (MIA) against a machine learning model enables an attacker to determine whether a given data record was part of the model's training dataset or not. Such attacks have been shown to be practical both in centralized and federated settings, and pose a threat in many privacy-sensitive domains such as medicine or law enforcement. In the literature, the effectiveness of these attacks is invariably reported using metrics computed across the whole population. In this paper, we take a closer look at the attack's performance across different subgroups present in the data distributions. We introduce a framework that enables us to efficiently analyze the vulnerability of machine learning models to MIA. We discover that even if the accuracy of MIA looks no better than random guessing over the whole population, subgroups are subject to disparate vulnerability, i.e., certain subgroups can be significantly more vulnerable than others. We provide a theoretical definition for MIA vulnerability which we validate empirically both on synthetic and real data.

Includes members:
  Member "secure computation for machine learning with spdz":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-1 (induced by source paper "privacy for free communication efficient learning with differential privacy using sketches")
  Member "understanding membership inferences on well generalized learning models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-2 (induced by source paper "dynamic backdoor attacks against machine learning models")
  Member "xgboost a scalable tree boosting system":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-3 (induced by source paper "monotonic cardinality estimation of similarity selection a deep learning approach")
  Member "bolt on differential privacy for scalable stochastic gradient descent based analytics":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-4 (induced by source paper "guidelines for implementing and auditing differentially private systems")
  Member "inherent trade offs in the fair determination of risk scores":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-5 (induced by source paper "algorithmic fairness")
  Member "concentrated differential privacy":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-6 (induced by source paper "privately learning markov random fields")
  Member "membership inference attacks against machine learning models":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-7 (induced by source paper "the future of digital health with federated learning")
  Member "calibrating data to sensitivity in private data analysis":
    also connected through other hyperedges:
      - Hyperedge HE-8 (induced by source paper "locally private hypothesis selection")

Question: Please tell me which class the source paper belongs to. The 40 classes are: cs.NA(Numerical Analysis), cs.MM(Multimedia), cs.LO(Logic in Computer Science), cs.CY(Computers and Society), cs.CR(Cryptography and Security), cs.DC(Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing), cs.HC(Human-Computer Interaction), cs.CE(Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science), cs.NI(Networking and Internet Architecture), cs.CC(Computational Complexity), cs.AI(Artificial Intelligence), cs.MA(Multiagent Systems), cs.GL(General Literature), cs.NE(Neural and Evolutionary Computing), cs.SC(Symbolic Computation), cs.AR(Hardware Architecture), cs.CV(Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition), cs.GR(Graphics), cs.ET(Emerging Technologies), cs.SY(Systems and Control), cs.CG(Computational Geometry), cs.OH(Other Computer Science), cs.PL(Programming Languages), cs.SE(Software Engineering), cs.LG(Machine Learning), cs.SD(Sound), cs.SI(Social and Information Networks), cs.RO(Robotics), cs.IT(Information Theory), cs.PF(Performance), cs.CL(Computation and Language), cs.IR(Information Retrieval), cs.MS(Mathematical Software), cs.FL(Formal Languages and Automata Theory), cs.DS(Data Structures and Algorithms), cs.OS(Operating Systems), cs.GT(Computer Science and Game Theory), cs.DB(Databases), cs.DL(Digital Libraries), cs.DM(Discrete Mathematics). Directly output the class name.

gpt: cs.LG(Machine Learning)