Title 49—Transportation--Volume 1
PART 1244—WAYBILL ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION OF PROPERTY—RAILROADS
§ 1244.1   Definitions.
(a) Railroad —an individual railroad or terminal company subject to the Interstate Commerce Act and every receiver, trustee, executor, administrator or assignee of any such railroad. If a railroad and its railroad subsidiaries report to the Board on a consolidated basis, they would collectively be considered as a railroad.
(b) A railroad subsidiary —a railroad owned or controlled by another railroad.
(c) A waybill, which may be referred to by other names such as mine tickets, is the document or instrument prepared from the bill of lading contract or shipper's instructions as to the disposition of the freight, and used by the railroad(s) involved as the authority to move the shipment and as the basis for determining the freight charges and interline settlements.
§ 1244.2   Applicability.
(a) Effective July 1, 1981 and thereafter, unless otherwise ordered, each railroad as defined in § 1244.1 above is required to file waybill sample information for all line-haul revenue waybills terminated on its lines if it terminates at least 4,500 revenue carloads in any of the three preceding years, or if it terminates at least 5% of the revenue carloads terminating in any state in any of the three preceding years. A railroad required to file waybill sample information under this section shall herein be referred to as subject railroad.
(b) Waybill terminations shall include all line-haul revenue movements terminating for waybilling purposes on the subject railroad's line whether the lading is destined for the terminating station as denoted on the waybill or the shipment is being rebilled or forwarded to the ultimate destination by another railroad or another mode of transportation (e.g., lake cargo, inbound transit, or other rebilled movements).
(c) Each subject railroad shall also file the required waybill sample information for all of its railroad subsidiaries.
(d) Each subject railroad shall also file the required waybill sample information for any other railroad for which it performs revenue billing and/or interline settlements under special agreement.
(e) The surviving corporate entity of railroads (subject to the Interstate Commerce Act) who have merged or reorganized shall be required to report waybill sample information if its predecessor railroad or any of its predecessor railroads were required to report under this section.
(f) In order to determine the number of carloads terminated in each state, railroads not otherwise submitting waybill information must report annually the number of carloads terminated by state for the last calendar year. These reports shall be submitted by March 1 of the year following the report year.
(g) Transition. This final rule will apply to all subject waybills which are in the subject railroad's audit month of July 1981 and all audit months thereafter. The former rule will continue to apply to all subject waybills for the prior audit months up to and including June 1981.
§ 1244.3   Reporting contract shipment waybills and Canadian and Mexican international waybills.
(a) All railroads shall identify (flag) contract shipment waybills.
(b) The revenue associated with contract shipments may be encrypted (masked) to safeguard the confidentiality of the contract rates.
(1) Upon written request, the Board will provide a masking procedure for a railroad's use or will mask the contract revenues when the Waybill Sample is filed with the Board.
(2) When a railroad intends to use its own proprietary masking procedure, those procedures, and any changes in those procedures, must be approved by the Board thirty (30) days prior to their use.
(3) All railroads that use a proprietary masking procedure, and intend to continue to use the same procedure, must certify, by letter to the Board, prior to January 31 each year, that the contract revenue masking procedures are unchanged.
(4) All correspondence and certifications concerning masking procedures should be addressed to: Director, Office of Economics, Surface Transportation Board, Washington, DC ATTN: WAYBILL COORDINATOR.
(c) Railroads moving traffic on the U.S. rail system to the Canadian or Mexican border shall include a representative sample of such international export traffic in the Waybill Sample.
(d) Railroads shall identify (flag) such movements as international traffic in the waybill records.
(e) Railroads may report information on the complete rail routing or report only information related to the U.S. portion of the movement.
(f) Railroads may mask revenue divisions associated with cross-border traffic following the masking procedures set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
§ 1244.4   Sampling of waybills.
(a) Reporting samples. Subject railroads shall submit waybill sample information as a computer file containing specified information from a sample waybill.
(1) Statement No. 81-1 contains information on the standards and format for the computer file.
(2) Effective January 1, 2021, and thereafter, unless otherwise ordered, the sampling rates are as follows:
Table 1 to Paragraph ( a )(2)
(b) Controls and Annual Counts. (1) Each subject railroad shall maintain a control procedure to ensure complete and accurate reporting for the waybill sampling. All pertinent waybill data shall be included on hard copy waybill submissions including inbound references for transit waybills. All such pertinent waybill data shall be legible.
(2) All subject railroads shall maintain a record of the number of line-haul revenue carloads that terminated on their line in a calendar year and shall furnish this number when requested by the Board.
(3) All subject railroads shall furnish the Board the control counts and file specification information as required by Statement No. 81-1.
(4) Certification by a responsible officer of the subject railroad as to the completeness and accuracy of sample shall be made once a year in accordance with the instructions on the Transmittal Form OPAD-1.
§ 1244.5   Date of filing.
(a) The reporting period for which subject railroads submit waybill sample information shall be the audit (accounting) month except that subject railroads may submit waybill sample information quarterly as specified in Statement No. 81-1.
(b) Waybill sample information shall be forwarded no later than 60 days from the end of the reporting period to the Board.
(c) When the submitted waybill sample information is returned to the submitting railroad for correction, that railroad shall resubmit corrected data to the Board promptly but no later than 60 days after its receipt.
(d) Subject railroads shall complete the Transmittal Form OPAD-1 to accompany each waybill file submission.
§ 1244.6   Retention of files.
(a) Subject railroads shall retain the underlying hard copy waybills or facsimiles capable of producing legible copies, which shall be complete including inbound references for transit waybills, for a minimum period of four years.
(b) This file of retained waybills shall be maintained in such a manner that railroads may readily retrieve waybill copies using the waybill identifier code as shown on the submitted waybill record.
§ 1244.7   Special studies.
(a) Although routine submission of hard copy waybills is not required, the Board may order railroads to submit hard copies of the underlying waybills for special studies.
(b) The Board may order the subject railroads to supply additional data for submitted waybill copies or records for special studies.
§ 1244.8   Analysis of waybill data.
Users of the waybill sample when presenting waybill analysis before the Board shall ensure that the appropriate weighting factors are applied to account for the stratified sampling. See Statement 81-1 for guidelines for weighting waybill data and for computing sampling errors.
§ 1244.9   Procedures for the release of waybill data.
(a) General. The procedures for the release of waybill data identify five classes of users of the STB Waybill Sample, define the waybill information or data that each class of users may obtain, and set forth the applicable requirements for the data's release. They also formalize notice and protest procedures for the possible release of waybill data to other users to protect against the inappropriate release of confidential data. The Director of the Office of Economics shall be responsible for releasing waybill data in accordance with these procedures.
(b) Class of user, available data, and applicable release requirements —(1) Railroads. Each requesting railroad may obtain any waybill record from the STB Waybill Sample covering traffic that originated, terminated, or was bridged by that railroad. The railroad shall not have access to waybill data pertaining to traffic in which it did not participate. Also, it must meet all STB and legal requirements concerning release of shipper information in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 11904(a).
(2) Federal agencies. Each requesting Federal agency (including quasi-governmental agencies) may obtain any waybill record from the STB Waybill Sample subject to the following requirements:
(i) The Federal agency shall make the information contained in the STB Waybill Sample available only to its employees or those contractors working on the particular project or study requiring the waybill data.
(ii) The Federal agency will ensure that railroads and shippers are afforded the same privilege and protection against disclosure of the waybill data as the Board provides.
(iii) The Federal agency will not release any data to the public unless the data elements are aggregated to contain at least three shippers and to prevent identification of an individual railroad.
(iv) The Federal agency will refer any requests for waybill data and accompanying documentation to the STB for processing and will so inform the requesting party of such referral to the Board.
(v) The Federal agency must sign an agreement annually with the Board agreeing to these restrictions.
(3) States. Each requesting State may obtain any waybill record pertaining to traffic that was originated, terminated, interchanged in, or that passed through its State subject to the same requirements imposed on federal agencies under paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (v) of this section.
(4) Transportation practitioners, consulting firms, and law firms—specific proceedings. Transportation practitioners, consulting firms, and law firms may use data from the STB Waybill Sample in preparing verified statements to be submitted in formal proceedings before the STB and/or State Boards (Board), or in preparing documents to be submitted in arbitration matters under part 1108, subpart B, of this chapter, subject to the following requirements:
(i) The STB Waybill Sample is the only single source of the data or obtaining the data from other sources is burdensome or costly, and the data is relevant to issues in a pending formal proceeding before the Board or in arbitration matters under part 1108, subpart B, of this chapter (when seeking data beyond the automatic waybill data release under § 1108.27(g) of this chapter).
(ii) The requestor submits to the STB a written waybill request that complies with paragraph (e) of this section or is part of the automatic waybill data release under § 1108.27(g) of this chapter for use in arbitrations pursuant to part 1108, subpart B, of this chapter.
(iii) All waybill data must be returned to the STB, and the practitioner or firm must not keep any copies.
(iv) A transportation practitioner, consulting firm, or law firm must submit any evidence drawn from the STB Waybill Sample only to the Board or to an arbitration panel impaneled under part 1108, subpart B, of this chapter, unless the evidence is aggregated to the level of at least three shippers and will prevent the identification of an individual railroad. Nonaggregated evidence submitted to the Board will be made part of the public record only if the Board finds that it does not reveal competitively sensitive data. However, evidence found to be sensitive may be provided to counsel or other independent representatives for other parties subject to the usual and customary protective order issued by the Board or appropriate authorized official.
(v) When waybill data is provided for use in a formal Board proceeding, a practitioner or firm must sign a confidentiality agreement with the STB agreeing to the restrictions specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section before any data will be released. This agreement will govern access and use of the released data for a period of one year from the date the agreement is signed by the user. If the data is required for an additional period of time because a proceeding is still pending before the Board or a court, the practitioner or firm must sign a new confidentiality agreement covering the data needed for each additional year the proceeding is opened.
(vi) When waybill data is provided for use in arbitrations pursuant to part 1108, subpart B, of this chapter, the transportation practitioners, consulting firms, or law firms representing parties to the arbitration and each arbitrator must sign a confidentiality agreement with the STB agreeing to the restrictions specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section before any data will be released. The agreement with practitioners and firms will govern access and use of the released data for a period of one year from the date the agreement is signed by the user. If the data is required for an additional period of time because an arbitration or appeal of an arbitration is still pending before the Board or a court, the practitioner or firm must sign a new confidentiality agreement covering the data needed for each additional year the arbitration or appeal is pending. The agreement with each arbitrator will allow that arbitrator to review any evidence that includes confidential waybill data in a particular arbitration matter.
(5) Public use. Nonconfidential waybill data may be obtained from the “Public Use Waybill File”. Reports produced from the Public Use Waybill File may be used, published, or released. The Public Use Waybill File contains the following nonconfidential items:
(i) Waybill Date (Month, Day, Year).
(ii) Accounting Period (Month, Year).
(iii) Number of Carloads.
(iv) Car Ownership (Rail or Private).
(v) AAR Car Type.
(vi) AAR Mechanical Designation.
(vii) STB Car Type.
(viii) TOFC/COFC Plan.
(ix) Number of TOFC/COFC Units.
(x) TOFC/COFC Unit Ownership.
(xi) TOFC/COFC Unit Type (Trailer or Container).
(xii) Hazardous/Bulk Material in Box Car Flag.
(xiii) Commodity Code—Excluding STCC 49/50 (All 5 digit STCC Codes, except STCC 19).
(xiv) Billed Weight in Tons.
(xv) Actual Weight in Tons.
(xvi) Linehaul Freight Revenue.
(xvii) Transit Revenue.
(xviii) Miscellaneous Revenue.
(xix) Interstate/Intrastate Code.
(xx) Type of Move (Import/Export/Minibridge).
(xxi) All Rail/Intermodal Code.
(xxii) Type Move Via Water.
(xxiii) Outbound Transit Code.
(xxiv) Substituted Truck for Rail Service.
(xxv) Rebill Code.
(xxvi) Estimate of Miles.
(xxvii) Stratum Identification.
(xxviii) Replicate Number.
(xxix) Population Count/Strata Count (expansion factor).
(xxx) Theoretical Expansion Factor.
(xxxi) Number of Interchanges.
(xxxii) Origin BEA (omitted if STCC and BEA pair reveals competitively sensitive shipper data).
(xxxiii) Origin STB Rate Territory.
(xxxiv) States of Interchanges (first through ninth).
(xxxv) Termination BEA (omitted if STCC and BEA pair reveals competitively sensitive shipper data).
(xxxvi) Termination STB Rate Territory.
(xxxvii) Waybill Reporting Period Length.
(xxxviii) AAR Provided UMBLER Data.
(xl) Bad Routing Code.
(xli) Miscellaneous Factored Expanded Data (e.g., carloads).
(c) Other Users. (1) Users other than those described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section may file written requests in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section for permission to use data from the STB Waybill Sample.
(2) All written requests filed by such users are subject to the notice and protest procedures described in paragraph (d) of this section.
(d) Notice and protest procedures for waybill requests by other users. Railroads and shippers will be notified and afforded the opportunity to protest waybill requests filed by users other than those described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section in accordance with the following procedures:
(1) Notice of request for confidential waybill data. Affected railroads and shippers will receive notice by Federal Register Publication. If railroad specific or shipper specific data are requested, those parties will be given written notice of the request.
(2) Form of notice. The notice shall identify the parties requesting the data; describe the type of waybill data requested; and state the purpose for which the data is requested. The notice shall include a statement that parties seeking information concerning the filing of objections should refer to 49 CFR 1224.9, or contact the Surface Transportation Board's Office of Economics.
(3) Objections to release. (i) Objections to release of the confidential waybill data must be filed by the railroad and/or shipper with the Director, Office of Economics, Surface Transportation Board, Washington, DC, no later than 14 calendar days from publication of the notice in the Federal Register.
(ii) The objection shall identify the parties seeking the confidential waybill data, reiterate the purpose for which the data is sought, and state all grounds for objection to full or partial disclosure of the requested data.
(4) Board determination. (i) The Director of the Office of Economics will consider all objections in determining whether to release the requested waybill data. Each railroad or shipper who filed objections will be sent written notice of the Director's decision not less than 14 calendar days prior to the disclosure date.
(ii) The Board reserves the right to deny the release of waybill data although no objections may be filed.
(iii) Appeals must be filed with the Board within 10 days of the date of the Director's decision. Responses to appeals must be filed within 10 days thereafter (49 CFR 1011.6(b)). The filing of an appeal will automatically stay the effect of the Director's decision.
(e) Content of waybill requests. (1) All requestors under paragraphs (b)(4) and (c) of this section shall include the following information:
(i) A complete and detailed explanation of the purpose for which the requested data are needed.
(ii) A description of the specific waybill data or fields actually required (including pertinent geographic areas).
(iii) A detailed justification as to why the specified waybill data are needed.
(2) The waybill request shall be filed with the Director, Office of Economics, Surface Transportation Board, Washington, DC.
(f) Aggregation of confidential shipper data.
(1) Any shipper data obtained from the Waybill Sample shall not be publicly released unless the data are aggregated to include at least three shippers.
(2) To aggregate the waybill data to the level of three shippers, the three-FSAC Rule shall be used. Under this rule, there must be at least three different freight stations as identified by the Freight Station Accounting Code (FSAC) on one railroad or there must be at least two more FSAC's than there are railroads present in the waybill data being aggregated.
(3) The three-FSAC Rule shall apply to every number and calculation publicly released.
(4) The Director of Office of Economics will consider requests to apply an alternative aggregation method provided the requestor establishes that a particular project necessitates an alternative approach and that approach effectively protects the identity of individual shippers.
(g) Complaint procedures. (1) Complaints for alleged breaches of confidentiality or misuse of confidential waybill data must include the following:
(i) Identification of all known parties involved in the alleged violation.
(ii) The approximate date(s) of the alleged violations.
(iii) A full and detailed description of the alleged violation.
(iv) A description of any resulting harm to the complainant.
(2) Prior to filing a complaint, a complainant, upon written request, may obtain a copy of the incoming waybill request and the applicable confidentiality agreement. This request must identify the party involved, give the approximate date the data was released, briefly describe the alleged violation, and substantiate the need for this information for purposes of filing a complaint.
(3) The complaint shall be filed with the Director, Office of Economics, and Administration, Surface Transportation Board, Washington, DC. A copy of the complaint shall also be served on the alleged violator(s).
(4) An answer must be filed within 20 days after service of the complaint.
(5) All parties will be notified in writing of the Director's decision. If the Director determines that a violation has occurred, the offending parties will be denied access to the waybill sample for a period of time commensurate with the nature of the violation.
(6) Appeals to the Director's determination shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (d)(4)(iii) of this section.
(h) Munitions shipments. All waybill requests for munition data at the 3-digit Standard Transportation Commodity Code (STCC) level or greater will be forwarded by the STB to the Department of Defense's Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC). The STB will not release this type of information without SDDC's consent.