Title 40—Protection of Environment--Volume 1
PART 60—STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
§ 60.393a   Performance test and compliance provisions.
(a) Representative conditions. You must conduct performance tests under representative conditions for the affected coating operation according to § 60.8(c) and under the conditions in this section unless you obtain a waiver of the performance test according to the provisions in § 60.8(b)(4).
(1) Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, or nonoperation do not constitute conditions representative of normal operation for purposes of conducting a performance test. You may not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. Emissions in excess of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction will be considered a violation of the applicable emission limit.
(2) You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the performance test and explain why the conditions represent normal operation. Upon request, you must make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(3) Section 60.8(d) and (f) do not apply to the performance test procedures required by this section.
(b) Initial and continuous compliance requirements. You must conduct an initial performance test in accordance with § 60.8(a) and thereafter for each calendar month for each affected facility according to the procedures in this section. You must also conduct periodic performance tests of add-on controls, except for solvent recovery systems for which liquid-liquid material balances are conducted according to paragraph (l) of this section, to reestablish the operating limits required by § 60.392a within 5 years following the previous performance test. You must meet all the requirements of this section to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance.
(1) To demonstrate initial compliance, the VOC emissions from affected source must meet the applicable emission limitation in § 60.392a and the work practice standards in § 60.392a and the applicable operating limits in § 60.392a established during the initial performance test using the procedures in § 60.394a and table 1 to this subpart.
(i) You must complete the initial compliance demonstration for the initial compliance period according to the requirements of this section. The initial compliance period begins on the applicable compliance date specified in § 60.8 and ends on the last day of the month following the compliance date. If the compliance date occurs on any day other than the first day of a month, then the initial compliance period extends through the end of that month plus the next month.
(ii) You must determine the mass of VOC emissions and volume of coating solids deposited in the initial compliance period. The initial compliance demonstration includes the results of emission capture system and add-on control device performance tests conducted according to §§ 60.396a and 60.397a; supporting documentation showing that during the initial compliance period the VOC emission rate was equal to or less than the emission limit in § 60.392a; the operating limits established during the performance tests and the results of the continuous parameter monitoring required by § 60.394a; and documentation of whether you developed and implemented the work practice plans required by § 60.392(b) and (c).
(2) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the applicable emission limit in § 60.392a, the VOC emission rate for each compliance period, determined according to the procedures in this section, must be equal to or less than the applicable emission limit in § 60.392a. A compliance period consists of 1 month. Each month after the end of the initial compliance period described in § 60.393a(b)(1)(i) is a compliance period consisting of that month. You must perform the calculations in this section on a monthly basis.
(3) If the VOC emission rate for any 1-month compliance period exceeded the applicable emission limit in § 60.392a, this is a deviation from the emission limitation for that compliance period and must be reported as specified in § 60.395a(h).
(c) Compliance with operating limits. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, you must establish and demonstrate continuous compliance during the initial compliance period with the operating limits required by § 60.392a, using the procedures specified in § 60.394a.
(1) You do not need to comply with the operating limits for the emission capture system and add-on control device required by § 60.394a until after you have completed the initial performance test specified in paragraph (b) of this section. During the period between the startup date of the affected source and the initial performance test required by § 60.8 you must maintain a log detailing the operation and maintenance of the emission capture system, the add-on control device, and the continuous monitoring system (CMS).
(2) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with each operating limit required by § 60.392a that applies to you, as specified in Table 1 to this subpart, and you must conduct performance tests as specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section.
(3) If an operating parameter is out of the allowed range specified in table 1 to this subpart, this is a deviation from the operating limit that must be reported as specified in § 60.395a(h).
(4) If an operating parameter deviates from the operating limit specified in table 1 to this subpart, then you must assume that the emission capture system and add-on control device were achieving zero efficiency during the time period of the deviation except as provided in § 60.393a (m).
(5) Except for solvent recovery systems for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances according to paragraph (l) of this section for controlled coating operations, you must conduct periodic performance tests of add-on controls and reestablish the operating limits required by § 60.392a within 5 years following the previous performance test. You must conduct the first periodic performance test within 5 years following the initial performance test required by § 60.8. Thereafter, you must conduct a performance test no later than 5 years following the previous performance test. Operating limits must be confirmed or reestablished during each performance test. If you are using the alternative monitoring option for a catalytic oxidizer according to § 60.394a(b)(3) and following the catalyst maintenance procedures in § 60.394a(b)(4), you are not required to conduct periodic control device performance testing as specified by this paragraph (c). For any control device for which instruments are used to continuously measure organic compound emissions, you are not required to conduct periodic control device performance testing as specified by this paragraph. The requirements of this paragraph do not apply to measuring emission capture system efficiency.
(6) You must meet the requirements for bypass lines in § 60.394a(h) for control devices other than solvent recovery systems for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances. If any bypass line is opened and emissions are diverted to the atmosphere when the coating operation is running, this is a deviation that must be reported as specified in § 60.395a(h). For the purposes of completing the compliance calculations specified in paragraph (j) of this section, you must assume that the emission capture system and add-on control device were achieving zero efficiency during the time period of the deviation.
(d) Compliance with work practice requirements. You must develop, implement, and document implementation of the work practice plans required by § 60.392a(b) and (c) during the initial compliance period, as specified in § 60.395a.
(1) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the work practice standards in § 60.392a (b) and (c). If you did not develop a work practice plan, if you did not implement the plan, or if you did not keep the records required by § 60.395a (k)(11), this is a deviation from the work practice standards that must be reported as specified in § 60.395a (k)(4).
(2) [Reserved]
(e) Compliance with emission limits. You must use the following procedures in paragraphs (f) through (m) of this section to determine the monthly volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids for each affected facility to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limitation in § 60.392a. You may also use the guidelines presented in “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) in making this demonstration.
(f) Determine the mass fraction of VOC, density, and volume for each material used. You must follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section to determine the mass fraction of VOC, the density, and volume for each coating and thinner used during each month. For the electrodeposition primer operation, the mass fraction of VOC, density, and volume used must be determined for each material added to the tank or system during each month.
(1) Determine the mass fraction of VOC for each material used. You must determine the mass fraction of VOC for each material used during the compliance period by using one of the options in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) EPA Method 24 (appendix A-7 to 40 CFR part 60). For coatings, you may use EPA Method 24 to determine the mass fraction of nonaqueous volatile matter and use that value as a substitute for the mass fraction of VOC. As an alternative to using EPA Method 24, you may use ASTM D2369-20 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). For Method 24, the coating sample must be a 1-liter sample taken in a 1-liter container.
(ii) Alternative method. You may use an alternative test method for determining the mass fraction of VOC once the Administrator has approved it. You must follow the procedure in § 60.8(b)(3) to submit an alternative test method for approval.
(iii) Information from the supplier or manufacturer of the material. You may rely on information other than that generated by the test methods specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, such as manufacturer's formulation data. If there is a disagreement between such information and results of a test conducted according to paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, then the test method results will take precedence, unless after consultation, you demonstrate to the satisfaction of the enforcement authority that the facility's data are correct.
(2) Determine the density of each material used. Determine the density of each material used during the compliance period from test results using ASTM D1475-13 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) or for powder coatings, test method A or test method B of ASTM D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or information from the supplier or manufacturer of the material. If there is disagreement between ASTM D1475-13 test results or ASTM D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013), Test Method A or Test Method B test results and the supplier's or manufacturer's information, the test results will take precedence unless after consultation, the facility demonstrates to the satisfaction of the enforcement authority that the supplier's or manufacturer's data are correct.
(3) Determine the volume of each material used. You must determine from company records on a monthly basis the volume of coating consumed, as received, and the mass of solvent used for thinning purposes.
(g) Determine the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating. You must determine the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating used during the compliance period by a test or by information provided by the supplier or the manufacturer of the material, as specified in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section. For electrodeposition primer operations, the volume fraction of solids must be determined for each material added to the tank or system during each month. If test results obtained according to paragraph (g)(1) of this section do not agree with the information obtained under paragraph (g)(2) of this section, the test results will take precedence unless, after consultation, the facility demonstrates to the satisfaction of the enforcement authority that the facility's data are correct.
(1) ASTM Method D2697-22 or ASTM Method D6093-97. You may use ASTM D2697-22 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or ASTM D6093-97 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), to determine the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating. Divide the nonvolatile volume percent obtained with the methods by 100 to calculate volume fraction of coating solids.
(2) Information from the supplier or manufacturer of the material. You may obtain the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating from the supplier or manufacturer.
(h) Determine the transfer efficiency for each coating. You must determine the transfer efficiency for each non-electrodeposition prime coat coating, each guide coat coating and each topcoat coating using ASTM Method D5066-91 (Reapproved 2017), “Standard Test Method for Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions for Spray Application of Automotive Paints—Weight Basis” (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or the guidelines presented in “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). You may conduct transfer efficiency testing on representative coatings and for representative spray booths as described in “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). You may assume 100 percent transfer efficiency for electrodeposition primer coatings.
(i) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids before add-on controls. (1) Calculate the mass of VOC used in each calendar month for each affected facility using Equation 1 of this section, where “n” is the total number of coatings used and “m” is the total number of VOC solvents used:
(2) Calculate the total volume of coating solids used in each calendar month for each affected facility using Equation 2 of this section, where “n” is the total number of coatings used:
(3) Calculate the transfer efficiency (T) for each surface coating operation according to paragraph (h) of this section.
(i) When more than one application method (l) is used on an individual surface coating operation, you must perform an analysis to determine an average transfer efficiency using Equation 3 of this section, where “n” is the total number of coatings used and “p” is the total number of application methods:
(ii) [Reserved]
(4) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using Equation 4 of this section:
(5) Select the appropriate limit according to § 60.392a. If the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids (G), calculated on a calendar month basis, is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit specified in § 60.392a, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test for the purpose of this subpart.
(j) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids after add-on controls. You use the following procedures for each affected facility which uses a capture system and a control device that destroys VOC ( e.g., incinerator) to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under § 60.392a. Use the procedures in paragraph (j)(1) through (5) of this section to calculate volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids for each controlled coating operation using an emission capture system and add-on control device other than a solvent recovery system for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances. For each controlled coating operation using a solvent recovery system for which you conduct a liquid-liquid material balance, you must use the procedures in paragraph (l) of this section.
(1) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility as described under § 60.393a(i)(4).
(2) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids (N) emitted after the control device using Equation 5 of this section:
(3) You must use the procedures and test methods in section 60.397a to determine the emission capture system efficiency (CE) as part of the initial performance test.
(i) If you can justify to the Administrator's satisfaction that another method will give comparable results, the Administrator will approve its use on a case-by-case basis.
(ii) In subsequent months, you must use the most recently determined capture efficiency for the performance test.
(4) You must use the procedures and test methods in section 60.396a to determine the add-on control device emission destruction or removal efficiency as part of the initial performance test.
(i) In subsequent months, you must use the most recently determined VOC destruction efficiency for the performance test.
(ii) If two or more add-on control devices are used for the same emission stream, you must measure emissions at the outlet of each device in accordance with § 60.396a(c). If there is more than one inlet or outlet to the add-on control device, you must calculate the total gaseous organic mass flow rate for each inlet and each outlet and then total all of the inlet emissions and total all of the outlet emissions in accordance with § 60.396a(d). The emission destruction or removal efficiency of the add-on control device is the average of the efficiencies determined in the three test runs. The destruction or removal efficiency determined using these data shall be applied to each affected facility served by the control device.
(5) Calculate the mass of VOC for each affected facility each calendar month for each period of time in which a deviation, including a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an emission limitation, an operating limit or any CMS requirement for the capture system or control device serving the controlled coating operation occurred. Except as provided in paragraph (m) of this section, for any period of time in which a deviation, including a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an emission limitation or operating limit or from any CMS requirement of the capture system or control device serving the controlled coating operation occurred, you must assume zero efficiency for the emission capture system and add-on control device. During such a deviation you must assume the affected source was uncontrolled for the duration of the deviation using the equation in paragraph (i)(4) of this section.
(6) Adjust the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids emitted after the control device for each affected facility (N) during a calendar month for periods of deviation by adding the mass of VOC for the uncontrolled period of time according to paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
(7) If the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied solids emitted after the control device (N) calculated on a calendar month basis is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit specified in § 60.392a, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test for the purposes of this subpart.
(k) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids after add-on recovery devices. You must use the following procedures for each affected facility which uses a capture system and a control device that recovers the VOC ( e.g., carbon adsorber) other than a solvent recovery system for which you conduct a liquid-liquid material balance to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under § 60.392a.
(1) Calculate the mass of VOC (M o + M d ) used during each calendar month for each affected facility as described under paragraph (i) of this section.
(2) Calculate the total volume of coating solids (L s ) used in each calendar month for each affected facility as described under paragraph (i) of this section.
(3) Calculate the mass of VOC recovered (M r ) each calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(4) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids emitted after the control device (N) during a calendar month using Equation 6 of this section:
(5) Adjust the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids emitted after the recovery device for each affected facility (N) during a calendar month for periods of deviation by adding the mass of VOC for the uncontrolled periods of time according to paragraph (i)(6) of this section.
(6) If the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied solids emitted after the control device (N) calculated on a calendar month basis is less than or equal to the applicable emission limit specified in § 60.392a, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test for the purposes of this subpart.
(l) Calculate the collection and recovery efficiency for solvent recovery systems using liquid-liquid material balances. You must use the following procedures for each affected facility which uses a solvent recovery system for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under § 60.392a.
(1) Calculate the mass of VOC emission reduction for the coating operation controlled by the solvent recovery system using a liquid-liquid material balance for each affected facility by applying the volatile organic matter collection and recovery efficiency to the mass of VOC contained in the coatings and thinners used in the coating operation controlled by the solvent recovery system during each month. Perform a liquid-liquid material balance for each month as specified in paragraphs (l)(1) through (6) of this section.
(2) For each solvent recovery system, install, calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications, a device that indicates the cumulative amount of volatile organic matter recovered by the solvent recovery system each month. The device must be initially certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to within ±2.0 percent of the mass of volatile organic matter recovered.
(3) For each solvent recovery system, determine the mass of volatile organic matter recovered for the month based on measurement with the device required in paragraphs (l)(l) and (2) of this section.
(4) For each affected facility, determine the mass of VOC (Mo + Md) of each coating and thinner controlled by the solvent recovery system for each calendar month using the equation in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
(5) Calculate the solvent recovery system's volatile organic matter collection and recovery efficiency (R V ) for each affected facility using Equation 7 of this section:
(6) For each affected facility, you may apply the solvent recovery system's volatile organic matter collection and recovery efficiency to the mass of VOC for the coating operation controlled by the solvent recovery system for each calendar month.
(m) Deviations. You may request approval from the Administrator to use non-zero capture efficiencies and add-on control device efficiencies for any period of time in which a deviation, including a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an emission limitation, operating limit or any CMS requirement for the capture system or add-on control device serving a controlled coating operation occurred.
(1) If you have manually collected parameter data indicating that a capture system or add-on control device was operating normally during a CMS malfunction, a CMS out-of-control period, or associated repair, then these data may be used to support and document your request to use the normal capture efficiency or add-on control device efficiency for that period of deviation.
(2) If you have data indicating the actual performance of a capture system or add-on control device ( e.g., capture efficiency measured at a reduced flow rate or add-on control device efficiency measured at a reduced thermal oxidizer temperature) during a deviation, including a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an emission limitation or operating limit or from any CMS requirement for the capture system or add-on control device serving a controlled coating operation, then these data may be used to support and document your request to use these values for that period of deviation.
(3) You may recalculate the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids after add-on controls in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, and the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids emitted after the recovery device in paragraph (k)(4) of this section, based on Administrator approval of the non-zero capture efficiency and add-on control device efficiency values based on data provided in accordance with paragraphs (m)(1) and (2) of this section.
(n) No deviations. If there were no deviations from the emission limitations, submit a statement as part of the compliance report that you were in compliance with the emission limitations during the reporting period because the VOC emission rate for each compliance period was less than or equal to the applicable emission limit in § 60.392a, you achieved the operating limits required by § 60.394a, and you achieved the work practice standards required by § 60.392a during each compliance period.
(o) Recordkeeping. You must maintain records as specified in § 60.395a.
§ 60.394a   Add-on control device operating limits and monitoring requirements.
During the performance tests required by § 60.393a, if you use an add-on control device(s) to comply with the emission limits specified under § 60.392a(a) through (c), you must establish add-on control device operating limits required by § 60.392a(h) according to this section, unless approval has been received for alternative monitoring under § 60.13(i) as specified in § 60.392a(h).
(a) Thermal oxidizers. If your add-on control device is a thermal oxidizer, establish the operating limit according to paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the combustion temperature at least once every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs. You must monitor the temperature in the firebox of the thermal oxidizer or immediately downstream of the firebox before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
(2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to calculate and record the average combustion temperature maintained during the performance test. This average combustion temperature is the minimum 3-hour average operating limit for your thermal oxidizer.
(b) Catalytic oxidizers. If your add-on control device is a catalytic oxidizer, establish the operating limits according to either paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) or paragraphs (b)(3) and (4) of this section.
(1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the temperature just before the catalyst bed and the temperature difference across the catalyst bed at least once every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs.
(2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to calculate and record the average temperature just before the catalyst bed and the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed maintained during the performance test. The minimum 3-hour average operating limits for your catalytic oxidizer are the average temperature just before the catalyst bed maintained during the performance test of that catalytic oxidizer and 80 percent of the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed maintained during the performance test of that catalytic oxidizer, except during periods of low production, the latter minimum operating limit is to maintain a positive temperature gradient across the catalyst bed. A low production period is when production is less than 80 percent of production rate during the performance test of that catalytic oxidizer.
(3) As an alternative to monitoring the temperature difference across the catalyst bed, you may monitor the temperature at the inlet to the catalyst bed and implement a site-specific inspection and maintenance plan for your catalytic oxidizer as specified in paragraph (b)(4) of this section. During the performance test, you must monitor and record the temperature just before the catalyst bed at least once every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs. Use all valid data collected during the performance test to calculate and record the average temperature just before the catalyst bed during the performance test. This is the minimum operating limit for your catalytic oxidizer.
(4) You must develop and implement an inspection and maintenance plan for your catalytic oxidizer(s) for which you elect to monitor according to paragraph (b)(3) of this section. The plan must address, at a minimum, the elements specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) Annual sampling and analysis of the catalyst activity ( i.e., conversion efficiency) following the manufacturer's or catalyst supplier's recommended procedures. If problems are found during the catalyst activity test, you must replace the catalyst bed or take other corrective action consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations.
(ii) Monthly external inspection of the catalytic oxidizer system, including the burner assembly and fuel supply lines for problems and, as necessary, adjust the equipment to assure proper air-to-fuel mixtures.
(iii) Annual internal inspection of the catalyst bed to check for channeling, abrasion, and settling. If problems are found during the annual internal inspection of the catalyst, you must replace the catalyst bed or take other corrective action consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations. If the catalyst bed is replaced and is not of like or better kind and quality as the old catalyst, and is not consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, then you must conduct a new performance test to determine destruction efficiency according to § 60.396a. If a catalyst bed is replaced and the replacement catalyst is of like or better kind and quality as the old catalyst, and is consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, then a new performance test to determine destruction efficiency is not required and you may continue to use the previously established operating limits for that catalytic oxidizer.
(c) Regenerative carbon adsorbers. If your add-on control device is a regenerative carbon adsorber, establish the operating limits according to paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) You must monitor and record the total regeneration desorbing gas ( e.g., steam or nitrogen) mass flow for each regeneration cycle and the carbon bed temperature after each carbon bed regeneration and cooling cycle for the regeneration cycle either immediately preceding or immediately following the performance test.
(2) The operating limits for your carbon adsorber are the minimum total desorbing gas mass flow recorded during the regeneration cycle and the maximum carbon bed temperature recorded after the cooling cycle.
(d) Condensers. If your add-on control device is a condenser, establish the operating limits according to paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the condenser outlet (product side) gas temperature at least once every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs.
(2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to calculate and record the average condenser outlet (product side) gas temperature maintained during the performance test. This average condenser outlet gas temperature is the maximum 3-hour average operating limit for your condenser.
(e) Concentrators. If your add-on control device includes a concentrator, you must establish operating limits for the concentrator according to paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the desorption gas inlet temperature at least once every 15 minutes during each of the three runs of the performance test.
(2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to calculate and record the average desorption gas inlet temperature. The minimum operating limit for the concentrator is 8 degrees Celsius (15 degrees Fahrenheit) below the average desorption gas inlet temperature maintained during the performance test for that concentrator. You must keep the set point for the desorption gas inlet temperature no lower than 6 degrees Celsius (10 degrees Fahrenheit) below the lower of that set point during the performance test for that concentrator and the average desorption gas inlet temperature maintained during the performance test for that concentrator.
(f) Emission capture systems. For each capture device that is not part of a permanent total enclosure (PTE) that meets the criteria of § 60.397a and that is not capturing emissions from a downdraft spray booth or from a flash-off area or bake oven associated with a downdraft spray booth, establish an operating limit for either the gas volumetric flow rate or duct static pressure, as specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section. The operating limit for a PTE is specified in table 1 to this subpart.
(1) During the capture efficiency determination required by § 60.393a and described in § 60.397a, you must monitor and record either the gas volumetric flow rate or the duct static pressure for each separate capture device in your emission capture system at least once every 15 minutes during each of the test runs at a point in the duct between the capture device and the add-on control device inlet.
(2) Calculate and record the average gas volumetric flow rate or duct static pressure for the three test runs for each capture device, using all valid data. This average gas volumetric flow rate or duct static pressure is the minimum operating limit for that specific capture device.
(g) Monitoring requirements. If you use an add-on control device(s) to comply with the emission limits specified under § 60.392a(a) through (c), you must install, operate, and maintain each CMS specified in paragraphs (c), (e), (f), and (g) of this section according to paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) of this section. You must install, operate, and maintain each CMS specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section according to paragraphs (g)(3) through (5) of this section.
(1) The CMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for each successive 15-minute period. You must have a minimum of four equally spaced successive cycles of CMS operation in 1 hour.
(2) You must determine the average of all recorded readings for each successive 3-hour period of the emission capture system and add-on control device operation.
(3) You must record the results of each inspection, calibration, and validation check of the CMS.
(4) You must maintain the CMS at all times in accordance with § 60.11(d) and have readily available necessary parts for routine repairs of the monitoring equipment.
(5) You must operate the CMS and collect emission capture system and add-on control device parameter data at all times that a controlled coating operation is operating in accordance with § 60.11(d).
(6) Startups and shutdowns are normal operation for this source category. Emissions from these activities are to be included when determining if the standards specified in § 60.392a(a) through (c) are being attained. You must not use emission capture system or add-on control device parameter data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, out-of-control periods, or required quality assurance or control activities when calculating data averages. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in calculating the data averages for determining compliance with the emission capture system and add-on control device operating limits.
(7) A monitoring malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the CMS to provide valid data. Monitoring failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. Except for periods of required quality assurance or control activities, any period during which the CMS fails to operate and record data continuously as required by paragraph (g)(1) of this section or generates data that cannot be included in calculating averages as specified in this paragraph (g)(7) constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.
(h) Capture system bypass line. You must meet the requirements of paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section for each emission capture system that contains bypass lines that could divert emissions away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere.
(1) You must monitor or secure the valve or closure mechanism controlling the bypass line in a nondiverting position in such a way that the valve or closure mechanism cannot be opened without creating a record that the valve was opened. The method used to monitor or secure the valve or closure mechanism must meet one of the requirements specified in paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) Flow control position indicator. Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a flow control position indicator that takes a reading at least once every 15 minutes and provides a record indicating whether the emissions are directed to the add-on control device or diverted from the add-on control device. The time of occurrence and flow control position must be recorded, as well as every time the flow direction is changed. The flow control position indicator must be installed at the entrance to any bypass line that could divert the emissions away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere.
(ii) Car-seal or lock-and-key valve closures. Secure any bypass line valve in the closed position with a car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. You must visually inspect the seal or closure mechanism at least once every month to ensure that the valve is maintained in the closed position, and the emissions are not diverted away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere.
(iii) Valve closure monitoring. Ensure that any bypass line valve is in the closed (nondiverting) position through monitoring of valve position at least once every 15 minutes. You must inspect the monitoring system at least once every month to verify that the monitor will indicate valve position.
(iv) Automatic shutdown system. Use an automatic shutdown system in which the coating operation is stopped when flow is diverted by the bypass line away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere when the coating operation is running. You must inspect the automatic shutdown system at least once every month to verify that it will detect diversions of flow and shut down the coating operation.
(2) If any bypass line is opened, you must include a description of why the bypass line was opened and the length of time it remained open in the semiannual compliance reports required in § 60.395a.
(i) Thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers. If you are using a thermal oxidizer or catalytic oxidizer as an add-on control device (including those used to treat desorbed concentrate streams from concentrators or carbon adsorbers), you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section:
(1) For a thermal oxidizer, install a gas temperature monitor in the firebox of the thermal oxidizer or in the duct immediately downstream of the firebox before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
(2) For a catalytic oxidizer, install a gas temperature monitor upstream of the catalyst bed. If you establish the operating parameters for a catalytic oxidizer under paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, you must also install a gas temperature monitor downstream of the catalyst bed. The temperature monitors must be in the gas stream immediately before and after the catalyst bed to measure the temperature difference across the bed. If you establish the operating parameters for a catalytic oxidizer under paragraphs (b)(4) through (6) of this section, you need not install a gas temperature monitor downstream of the catalyst bed.
(3) For all thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (i)(3)(i) through (vii) of this section for each gas temperature monitoring device, unless approval has been received for alternative monitoring under § 60.13(i) as specified in § 60.392a(h). For the purposes of this paragraph (i)(3), a thermocouple is part of the temperature sensor.
(i) Locate the temperature sensor in a position that provides a representative temperature.
(ii) Use a temperature sensor with a measurement sensitivity of 4 degrees Fahrenheit or 0.75 percent of the temperature value, whichever is larger.
(iii) Shield the temperature sensor system from electromagnetic interference and chemical contaminants.
(iv) The gas temperature sensor must be capable of recording the temperature continuously. If a gas temperature chart recorder is used, it must have a measurement sensitivity in the minor division of at least 20 degrees Fahrenheit.
(v) Perform an electronic calibration at least semiannually according to the procedures in the manufacturer's owner's manual. Following the electronic calibration, you must conduct a temperature sensor validation check in which a second or redundant temperature sensor placed nearby the process temperature sensor must yield a reading within 30 degrees Fahrenheit of the process temperature sensor reading.
(vi) Conduct calibration and validation checks any time the sensor exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating temperature range or install a new temperature sensor.
(vii) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity and electrical connections for continuity, oxidation, and galvanic corrosion.
(j) Regenerative carbon adsorbers. If you are using a regenerative carbon adsorber as an add-on control device, you must monitor the total regeneration desorbing gas ( e.g., steam or nitrogen) mass flow for each regeneration cycle, the carbon bed temperature after each regeneration and cooling cycle and comply with paragraphs (g)(3) through (5) and (j)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The regeneration desorbing gas mass flow monitor must be an integrating device having a measurement sensitivity of plus or minus 10 percent, capable of recording the total regeneration desorbing gas mass flow for each regeneration cycle.
(2) The carbon bed temperature monitor must have a measurement sensitivity of 1 percent of the temperature (as expressed in degrees Fahrenheit) recorded or 1 degree Fahrenheit, whichever is greater, and must be capable of recording the temperature within 15 minutes of completing any carbon bed cooling cycle.
(k) Condensers. If you are using a condenser, you must monitor the condenser outlet (product side) gas temperature and comply with paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (k)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The gas temperature monitor must have a measurement sensitivity of 1 percent of the temperature (expressed in degrees Fahrenheit) recorded or 1 degree Fahrenheit, whichever is greater.
(2) The temperature monitor must provide a gas temperature record at least once every 15 minutes.
(l) Concentrators. If you are using a concentrator, such as a zeolite wheel or rotary carbon bed concentrator, you must install a temperature monitor in the desorption gas stream. The temperature monitor must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (i)(3) of this section.
(m) Emission capture systems. The capture system monitoring system must comply with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) For each flow measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (m)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) Locate a flow sensor in a position that provides a representative flow measurement in the duct from each capture device in the emission capture system to the add-on control device.
(ii) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.
(iii) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least semiannually.
(iv) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity, electrical connections for continuity, and mechanical connections for leakage.
(2) For each pressure drop measurement device, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (m)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) Locate the pressure tap(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure drop across each opening you are monitoring.
(ii) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion.
(iii) Using an inclined manometer with a measurement sensitivity of 0.0002 inches of water, check gauge calibration quarterly and transducer calibration monthly.
(iv) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range or install a new pressure sensor.
(v) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity, electrical connections for continuity, pressure taps for plugging and mechanical connections for leakage.
§ 60.395a   Notifications, reports, and records.
(a) Notifications. You must submit all notifications in §§ 60.7, 60.8, and 60.13 that apply to you by the dates specified in those sections and in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) A notification of the date construction (or reconstruction as defined under § 60.15) of an affected facility is commenced no later than 30 days after such date.
(2) A notification of the actual date of initial startup of an affected facility within 15 days after such date.
(3) A notification of any physical or operational change to an existing facility which may increase the VOC emission rate within 60 days or as soon as practicable before the change is commenced.
(4) A notification of the date upon which demonstration of the CMS performance commences in accordance with § 60.13(c) not less than 30 days prior to such date.
(5) A notification of any performance test at least 30 days prior to afford the Administrator (or delegated State or local agency) the opportunity to have an observer present.
(b) Initial performance test report. If you use add-on control devices, you must submit reports of performance test results for emission capture systems and add-on control devices. Within 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of such facility, you are required to conduct performance test(s) and furnish the Administrator a report of the results of such performance test(s) in accordance with § 60.8(a). You are also required to conduct transfer efficiency test(s) and submit reports of the results of transfer efficiency tests and furnish the Administrator a report of the results of such transfer efficiency tests. The initial performance test report must include the information specified in § 60.8.
(c) Subsequent performance test reports. You must conduct periodic performance tests of add-on control devices in accordance with § 60.393a(b) within five years of the previous performance test and at such other times as may be required by the Administrator under section 114 of the Act in accordance with § 60.8(a). You must furnish the Administrator a written report of the results of such performance test(s) within 60 days of completing the performance test. Periodic testing of transfer efficiency and capture efficiency are not required.
(d) Compliance reports. Following the initial performance test, you must submit a quarterly or semiannual compliance report for each affected source required by § 60.8 according to the requirements of paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section. You must identify, record, and submit a report to the Administrator every calendar quarter each instance a deviation occurred from the emission limits, operating limits, or work practices in §§ 60.392a, 60.393a, and 60.394a, that apply to you. If no such instances have occurred during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the Administrator semiannually. For each affected source that is subject to 40 CFR part 70 or 71 permitting regulations and if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual compliance reports pursuant to 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), you may submit the semiannual compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established.
(e) Initial compliance report. You must include the data outlined in paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section in the initial compliance report required by § 60.8 and the information required by pargraphs (f) through (h) of this section.
(1) The volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids for each affected facility.
(2) Where compliance is achieved through the use of a capture or control device, include the following additional data in the initial performance test report required by § 60.8(a) specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (v) of this section:
(i) The data collected to establish the operating limits for the appropriate capture or control device required as by § 60.394a and table 1 to this subpart;
(ii) The total mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids before and after the control device as required by § 60.396a;
(iii) The destruction efficiency of the control device used to attain compliance with the applicable emission limit specified in § 60.392a(a);
(iv) The capture efficiency as required by § 60.397a and a description of the method used to establish the capture efficiency for the affected facility; and
(v) The transfer efficiency test results and a description of the method used to establish the transfer efficiency for the affected facility.
(f) Compliance report content. Compliance reports must contain the information specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section and paragraph (g) that are applicable to your affected source.
(1) Company name and address.
(2) Statement by a responsible official with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the report.
(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(4) Identification of the affected source.
(g) No deviations. If there were no deviations from the emission limits, work practices, or operating limits in §§ 60.392a and 60.394a, that apply to you, the compliance report must include a statement that there were no deviations from the applicable emission limitations during the reporting period. If you used control devices to comply with the emission limits, and there were no periods during which the CMS were out of control as specified in § 60.394a(g) the compliance report must include a statement that there were no periods during which the CMS were out of control during the reporting period.
(h) Deviations. If there was a deviation from the applicable emission limits in § 60.392a or the applicable operating limit(s) in table 1 to this subpart or the work practice standards in § 60.392a, the compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (h)(1) through (15) of this section.
(1) The beginning and ending dates of each month during which the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) for the affected source exceeded the applicable emission limit in § 60.392a.
(2) The calculation used to determine the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) in accordance with § 60.395a. You do not need to submit the background data supporting these calculations, for example information provided by materials suppliers or manufacturers, or test reports.
(3) The date and time that each malfunction of the capture system or add-on control devices used to control emissions from these operations started and stopped.
(4) A brief description of the CMS.
(5) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.
(6) For each instance that the CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks, the date, time, and duration that the CMS was inoperative; the cause (including unknown cause) for the CMS being inoperative; and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
(7) For each instance that the CMS was malfunctioning or out-of-control, as specified in § 60.394a(g)(6) or (7), the date, time, and duration that the CMS was malfunctioning or out-of-control; the cause (including unknown cause) for the CMS malfunctioning or being out-of-control; and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
(8) The date, time, and duration of each deviation from an operating limit in table 1 to this subpart; and the date, time, and duration of each bypass of an add-on control device.
(9) A summary of the total duration and the percent of the total source operating time of the deviations from each operating limit in table 1 to this subpart and the bypass of each add-on control device during the semiannual reporting period.
(10) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations from each operating limit in Table 1 to this subpart and bypasses of each add-on control device during the semiannual reporting period into those that were due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(11) A summary of the total duration and the percent of the total source operating time of the downtime for each CMS during the semiannual reporting period.
(12) A description of any changes in the CMS, coating operation, emission capture system, or add-on control devices since the last semiannual reporting period.
(13) For deviations from the work practice standards, the number of deviations, and, for each deviation, the information in paragraphs (h)(13)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) A description of the deviation, the date, time, and duration of the deviation; and the actions you took to minimize emissions in accordance with § 60.11(d).
(ii) A list of the affected sources or equipment for which a deviation occurred, the cause of the deviation (including unknown cause, if applicable), and any corrective actions taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(14) For deviations from an emission limitation in § 60.392a or operating limit in Table 1 of this subpart, a statement of the cause of each deviation (including unknown cause, if applicable).
(15) For each deviation from an emission limitation in § 60.392a, or operating limit in Table 1 to this subpart, a list of the affected sources or equipment for which a deviation occurred, an estimate of the quantity of VOC emitted over any emission limit in § 60.392a, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(i) Electronic reporting of performance test data. Where compliance is achieved through the use of add-on control devices, the owner or operator shall submit control device performance test results for initial and subsequent performance tests according to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section within 60 days of completing each performance test following the procedures specified in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Supported test methods. Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT website ( https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert ) at the time of the test.
(i) Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), which can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) ( https://cdx.epa.gov/ ).
(ii) The data must be submitted in a file format generated using the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, the owner or operator may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
(2) Unsupported test methods. Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the test.
(i) The results of the performance test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
(ii) Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the EPA via CEDRI.
(3) Confidential business information (CBI). Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Any information submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Under CAA section 114(c), emissions data are not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available. Owners or operators that assert a CBI claim for any information submitted under paragraph (i)(1) or (i)(2) of this section, must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA. The file must be generated using the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Owners or operators can submit CBI according to one of the two procedures in paragraph (i)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section. All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission.
(i) If sending CBI through the postal service, submit the file on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage medium and clearly mark the medium as CBI. Owners or operators are required to mail the electronic medium to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Automobile and Light Duty Truck Surface Coating Operations Sector Lead, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described in paragraphs (i)(1) and (2) of this section.
(ii) The EPA preferred method for CBI submittal is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), or other online file sharing services ( e.g., Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive). Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address oaqpscbi@epa.gov, and as described above, should be clearly identified as CBI and note Attention: Automobile and Light Duty Truck Surface Coating Operations Sector Lead. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, you can email oaqpscbi@epa.gov to request a file transfer link.
(j) Electronic submittal of reports. The owner or operator shall submit the reports listed in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section following the procedures specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section. In addition to the information required in paragraphs (b) through (h) of this section, owners or operators are required to report excess emissions and a monitoring systems performance report and a summary report to the Administrator according to § 60.7(c) and (d). Owners or operators are required by § 60.7(c) and (d) to report the date, time, cause, and duration of each exceedance of the applicable emission limit specified in § 60.392a(a), any malfunction of the air pollution control equipment, and any periods during which the CMS or monitoring device is inoperative, malfunctioning, or out-of-control. For each failure, the report must include a list of the affected sources or equipment and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(1) Effective date. On and after November 6, 2023, or once the reporting template has been available on the CEDRI website for 1-year, whichever date is later, owners or operators must use the appropriate spreadsheet template on the CEDRI website ( https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/cedri ) for this subpart. The date the reporting template for this subpart becomes available will be listed on the CEDRI website. The report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method by which the report is submitted. Submit all reports to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's CDX ( https://cdx.epa.gov/ ). The EPA will make all the information submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice to the owner or operator. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Any information submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. If you claim CBI, submit the report following the procedure described in paragraph (i)(3) of this section. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to CEDRI as described in this paragraph.
(2) System outage. Owner or operators that are required to submit a report electronically through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, may assert a claim of EPA system outage for failure to timely comply with that reporting requirement. To assert a claim of EPA system outage, owners or operators must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (vii) of this section.
(i) You must have been or will be precluded from accessing CEDRI and submitting a required report within the time prescribed due to an outage of either the EPA's CEDRI or CDX systems.
(ii) The outage must have occurred within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date that the submission is due.
(iii) The outage may be planned or unplanned.
(iv) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(v) You must provide to the Administrator a written description identifying:
(A) The date(s) and time(s) when CDX or CEDRI was accessed, and the system was unavailable;
(B) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to EPA system outage;
(C) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(D) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(vi) The decision to accept the claim of EPA system outage and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(vii) In any circumstance, the report must be submitted electronically as soon as possible after the outage is resolved.
(3) Force majeure. Owner or operators that are required to submit a report electronically through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, may assert a claim of force majeure for failure to timely comply with that reporting requirement. To assert a claim of force majeure, you must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (j)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) You may submit a claim if a force majeure event is about to occur, occurs, or has occurred or there are lingering effects from such an event within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date the submission is due. For the purposes of this section, a force majeure event is defined as an event that will be or has been caused by circumstances beyond the control of the affected facility, its contractors, or any entity controlled by the affected facility that prevents you from complying with the requirement to submit a report electronically within the time period prescribed. Examples of such events are acts of nature ( e.g., hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods), acts of war or terrorism, or equipment failure or safety hazard beyond the control of the affected facility ( e.g., large scale power outage).
(ii) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(iii) You must provide to the Administrator:
(A) A written description of the force majeure event;
(B) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to the force majeure event;
(C) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(D) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(iv) The decision to accept the claim of force majeure and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(k) Recordkeeping. You must collect and keep records of the data and information specified in paragraphs (k)(1) through (12) of this section. Failure to collect and keep these records is a deviation from the applicable standard.
(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, and the documentation supporting each notification and report.
(2) A current copy of information provided by materials suppliers or manufacturers, such as manufacturer's formulation data, or test data used to determine the mass fraction of VOC, the density and the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating, and the mass fraction of VOC and the density for each thinner. If you conducted testing to determine mass fraction of VOC, density, or volume fraction of coating solids, you must keep a copy of the complete test report. If you use information provided to you by the manufacturer or supplier of the material that was based on testing, you must keep the summary sheet of results provided to you by the manufacturer or supplier. If you use the results of an analysis conducted by an outside testing lab, you must keep a copy of the test report. You are not required to obtain the test report or other supporting documentation from the manufacturer or supplier.
(3) For each month, the records specified in paragraphs (k)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) For each coating used for the affected source, a record of the volume used in each month, the mass fraction VOC content, the density, and the volume fraction of solids.
(ii) For each thinner used in coating operations for the affected source, a record of the volume used in each month, the mass fraction VOC content, and the density.
(iii) A record of the calculation of the VOC emission rate for the affected source for each month. This record must include all raw data, algorithms, and intermediate calculations. If the guidelines presented in the “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), are used, you must keep records of all data input to this protocol. If these data are maintained as electronic files, the electronic files, as well as any paper copies must be maintained. These data must be provided to the permitting authority on request on paper, and in (if calculations are done electronically) electronic form.
(4) For each deviation from an emission limitation, operating limit, or work practice plan reported under paragraph (h) of this section, a record of the information specified in paragraphs (4)(i) through (iv) of this section, as applicable.
(i) The date, time, and duration of the deviation, and for each deviation, the information as reported under paragraph (h) of this section.
(ii) A list of the affected sources or equipment for which the deviation occurred and the cause of the deviation, as reported under paragraph (h) of this section.
(iii) An estimate of the quantity of VOC emitted over any applicable emission limit in § 60.392a or any applicable operating limit in Table 1 to this subpart, and a description of the method used to calculate the estimate, as reported under paragraph (h) of this section.
(iv) A record of actions taken to minimize emissions in accordance with § 60.11(d) and any corrective actions taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(5) The records required by § 60.7(b) and (c) related to SSM.
(6) For each capture system that is a PTE, the data and documentation you used to support a determination that the capture system meets the criteria in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 for a PTE and has a capture efficiency of 100 percent, as specified in § 60.397a(a).
(7) For each capture system that is not a PTE, the data and documentation you used to determine capture efficiency according to the requirements specified in § 60.397a(b) through (g), including the records specified in paragraphs (k)(7)(i) through (iv) of this section that apply to you.
(i) Records for a liquid-to-uncaptured-gas protocol using a temporary total enclosure or building enclosure. Records of the mass of total VOC, as measured by Method 204A or F of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51, for each material used in the coating operation, and the total VOC for all materials used during each capture efficiency test run, including a copy of the test report. Records of the mass of VOC emissions not captured by the capture system that exited the temporary total enclosure or building enclosure during each capture efficiency test run, as measured by Method 204D or E of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51, including a copy of the test report. Records documenting that the enclosure used for the capture efficiency test met the criteria in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 for either a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure.
(ii) Records for a gas-to-gas protocol using a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure. Records of the mass of VOC emissions captured by the emission capture system, as measured by Method 204B or C of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51, at the inlet to the add-on control device, including a copy of the test report. Records of the mass of VOC emissions not captured by the capture system that exited the temporary total enclosure or building enclosure during each capture efficiency test run, as measured by Method 204D or E of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51, including a copy of the test report. Records documenting that the enclosure used for the capture efficiency test met the criteria in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 for either a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure.
(iii) Records for panel tests. Records needed to document a capture efficiency determination using a panel test as described in § 60.397a(e) and (g), including a copy of the test report and calculations performed to convert the panel test results to percent capture efficiency values.
(iv) Records for an alternative protocol. Records needed to document a capture efficiency determination using an alternative method or protocol, as specified in § 60.397a(f), if applicable.
(8) The records specified in paragraphs (k)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section for each add-on control device VOC destruction or removal efficiency determination as specified in § 60.393a.
(i) Records of each add-on control device performance test conducted according to § 60.393a.
(ii) Records of the coating operation conditions during the add-on control device performance test showing that the performance test was conducted under representative operating conditions.
(9) Records of the data and calculations you used to establish the emission capture and add-on control device operating limits as specified in § 60.394a and to document compliance with the operating limits as specified in table 1 to this subpart.
(10) Records of the data and calculations you used to determine the transfer efficiency for guide coat and topcoat coating operations pursuant to § 60.393a(h).
(11) A record of the work practice plans required by § 60.392a(b) and (c) and documentation that you are implementing the plans on a continuous basis. Appropriate documentation may include operational and maintenance records, records of documented inspections, and records of internal audits.
(12) For each add-on control device and for each CMS, a copy of the equipment operating instructions must be maintained on-site for the life of the equipment in a location readily available to plant operators and inspectors. You may prepare your own equipment operating instructions, or they may be provided to you by the equipment supplier or other third party.
(l) Record form and retention time. (1) Any records required to be maintained by this subpart that are submitted electronically via the EPA's CEDRI may be maintained in electronic format. This ability to maintain electronic copies does not affect the requirement for facilities to make records, data, and reports available upon request to a delegated air agency or the EPA as part of an on-site compliance evaluation.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (k)(12) of this section, you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.
(3) Except as provided in paragraph (k)(12) of this section, you must keep each record on site for at least 2 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record. You may keep the records off site for the remaining 3 years.
§ 60.396a   Add-on control device destruction efficiency.
You must use the procedures and test methods in this section to determine the add-on control device emission destruction or removal efficiency as part of the performance test required by § 60.393a(j)(4), except as provided in § 60.8. You must conduct three test runs as specified in §§ 60.8(f) and 60.394a, and each test run must last at least 1 hour.
(a) For all types of add-on control devices, use the test methods specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Use EPA Method 1 or 1A of appendix A-1 to 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate, to select sampling sites and velocity traverse points.
(2) Use EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, or 2F of appendix A-1, or 2G of appendix A-2 to 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate, to measure gas volumetric flow rate.
(3) Use EPA Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A-2 to 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate, for gas analysis to determine dry molecular weight. The ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), may be used as an alternative to EPA Method 3B.
(4) Use EPA Method 4 of appendix A-3 to 40 CFR part 60 to determine stack gas moisture.
(5) Methods for determining gas volumetric flow rate, dry molecular weight, and stack gas moisture must be performed, as applicable, during each test run.
(b) Measure total gaseous organic mass emissions as carbon in the effluent gas leaving each stack not equipped with a control device and at the inlet and outlet of the add-on control device simultaneously, using either EPA Method 25 or 25A of appendix A-7 to 40 CFR part 60, as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section. You must use the same method for both the inlet and outlet measurements.
(1) Use Method 25 if the add-on control device is an oxidizer and you expect the total gaseous organic concentration as carbon to be more than 50 parts per million by volume (ppmv) at the control device outlet.
(2) Use Method 25A if the add-on control device is an oxidizer and you expect the total gaseous organic concentration as carbon to be 50 ppmv or less at the control device outlet.
(3) Use Method 25A if the add-control device is not an oxidizer.
(4) You may use EPA Method 18 of appendix A-6 to 40 CFR part 60 to subtract methane emissions from measured total gaseous organic mass emissions as carbon.
(5) For Method 25 and 25A, the sampling time for each of three runs must be at least one hour. The minimum sample volume must be 0.003 dscm except that shorter sampling times or smaller volumes, when necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be approved by the Administrator. The Administrator will approve the sampling of representative stacks on a case-by-case basis if you can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the testing of representative stacks would yield results comparable to those that would be obtained by testing all stacks.
(c) If two or more add-on control devices are used for the same emission stream, then you must measure emissions at the outlet of each device. For example, if one add-on control device is a concentrator with an outlet for the high-volume, dilute stream that has been treated by the concentrator, and a second add-on control device is an oxidizer with an outlet for the low-volume, concentrated stream that is treated with the oxidizer, you must measure emissions at the outlet of the oxidizer and the high-volume dilute stream outlet of the concentrator.
(d) For each test run, determine the total gaseous organic emissions mass flow rates (M f ) for the inlet and the outlet of the add-on control device, using Equation 1 of this section. If there is more than one inlet or outlet to the add-on control device, you must calculate the total gaseous organic mass flow rate using Equation 1 of this section for each inlet and each outlet and then total all of the inlet emissions and total all of the outlet emissions.
(e) For each test run, determine the add-on control device organic emissions destruction or removal efficiency using Equation 2 of this section:
(f) Determine the emission destruction or removal efficiency of the add-on control device as the average of the efficiencies determined in the three test runs and calculated in Equation 2 of this section.
§ 60.397a   Emission capture system efficiency.
You must use the procedures and test methods in this section to determine capture efficiency as part of the performance test required by § 60.393a. For purposes of this subpart, a spray booth air seal is not considered a natural draft opening in a PTE or a temporary total enclosure provided you demonstrate that the direction of air movement across the interface between the spray booth air seal and the spray booth is into the spray booth. For purposes of this subpart, a bake oven air seal is not considered a natural draft opening in a PTE or a temporary total enclosure provided you demonstrate that the direction of air movement across the interface between the bake oven air seal and the bake oven is into the bake oven. You may use lightweight strips of fabric or paper, or smoke tubes to make such demonstrations as part of showing that your capture system is a PTE or conducting a capture efficiency test using a temporary total enclosure. You cannot count air flowing from a spray booth air seal into a spray booth as air flowing through a natural draft opening into a PTE or into a temporary total enclosure unless you elect to treat that spray booth air seal as a natural draft opening. You cannot count air flowing from a bake oven air seal into a bake oven as air flowing through a natural draft opening into a PTE or into a temporary total enclosure unless you elect to treat that bake oven air seal as a natural draft opening.
(a) Assuming 100 percent capture efficiency. You may assume the capture system efficiency is 100 percent if both of the conditions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section are met:
(1) The capture system meets the criteria in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 for a PTE and directs all the exhaust gases from the enclosure to an add-on control device.
(2) All coatings and thinners used in the coating operation are applied within the capture system, and coating solvent flash-off and coating curing and drying occurs within the capture system. For example, this criterion is not met if parts enter the open shop environment when being moved between a spray booth and a curing oven.
(b) Measuring capture efficiency. If the capture system does not meet both of the criteria in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section, then you must use one of the five procedures described in paragraphs (c) through (g) of this section to measure capture efficiency. For the protocols in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, the capture efficiency measurement must consist of three test runs. Each test run must be at least 3 hours duration or the length of a production run, whichever is longer, up to 8 hours. For the purposes of this test, a production run means the time required for a single part to go from the beginning to the end of production, which includes surface preparation activities and drying or curing time.
(c) Liquid-to-uncaptured-gas protocol using a temporary total enclosure or building enclosure. The liquid-to-uncaptured-gas protocol compares the mass of liquid VOC in materials used in the coating operation to the mass of VOC emissions not captured by the emission capture system. Use a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure and the procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section to measure emission capture system efficiency using the liquid-to-uncaptured-gas protocol.
(1) Either use a building enclosure or construct an enclosure around the coating operation where coatings and thinners are applied, and all areas where emissions from these applied coatings and thinners subsequently occur, such as flash-off, curing, and drying areas. The areas of the coating operation where capture devices collect emissions for routing to an add-on control device, such as the entrance and exit areas of an oven or spray booth, must also be inside the enclosure. The enclosure must meet the applicable definition of a temporary total enclosure or building enclosure in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51.
(2) Use Method 204A or F of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 to determine the mass fraction of VOC liquid input from each coating and thinner used in the coating operation during each capture efficiency test run.
(3) Use Equation 1 of this section to calculate the total mass of VOC liquid input (VOC used ) from all the coatings and thinners used in the coating operation during each capture efficiency test run.
(4) Use Method 204D or E of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 to measure the total mass, kg, of VOC emissions that are not captured by the emission capture system; they are measured as they exit the temporary total enclosure or building enclosure during each capture efficiency test run.
(i) Use Method 204D if the enclosure is a temporary total enclosure.
(ii) Use Method 204E if the enclosure is a building enclosure. During the capture efficiency measurement, all organic compound emitting operations inside the building enclosure, other than the coating operation for which capture efficiency is being determined, must be shut down, but all fans and blowers must be operating normally.
(5) For each capture efficiency test run, determine the percent capture efficiency of the emission capture system using Equation 2 of this section:
(6) Determine the capture efficiency of the emission capture system as the average of the capture efficiencies measured in the three test runs.
(d) Gas-to-gas protocol using a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure. The gas-to-gas protocol compares the mass of VOC emissions captured by the emission capture system to the mass of VOC emissions not captured. Use a temporary total enclosure or a building enclosure and the procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) through (5) of this section to measure emission capture system efficiency using the gas-to-gas protocol.
(1) Either use a building enclosure or construct an enclosure around the coating operation where coatings and thinners are applied, and all areas where emissions from these applied coatings and thinners subsequently occur, such as flash-off, curing, and drying areas. The areas of the coating operation where capture devices collect emissions generated by the coating operation for routing to an add-on control device, such as the entrance and exit areas of an oven or a spray booth, must also be inside the enclosure. The enclosure must meet the applicable definition of a temporary total enclosure or building enclosure in Method 204 of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51.
(2) Use Method 204B or C of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 to measure the total mass, kg, of VOC emissions captured by the emission capture system during each capture efficiency test run as measured at the inlet to the add-on control device.
(i) The sampling points for the Method 204B or C measurement must be upstream from the add-on control device and must represent total emissions routed from the capture system and entering the add-on control device.
(ii) If multiple emission streams from the capture system enter the add-on control device without a single common duct, then the emissions entering the add-on control device must be simultaneously or sequentially measured in each duct, and the total emissions entering the add-on control device must be determined.
(3) Use Method 204D or E of appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 to measure the total mass, kg, of VOC emissions that are not captured by the emission capture system; they are measured as they exit the temporary total enclosure or building enclosure during each capture efficiency test run. To make the measurement, substitute VOC for each occurrence of the term VOC in the methods.
(i) Use Method 204D if the enclosure is a temporary total enclosure.
(ii) Use Method 204E if the enclosure is a building enclosure. During the capture efficiency measurement, all organic compound emitting operations inside the building enclosure, other than the coating operation for which capture efficiency is being determined, must be shut down, but all fans and blowers must be operating normally.
(4) For each capture efficiency test run, determine the percent capture efficiency of the emission capture system using Equation 3 of this section:
(5) Determine the capture efficiency of the emission capture system as the average of the capture efficiencies measured in the three test runs.
(e) Panel testing to determine the capture efficiency of flash-off or bake oven emissions. You may conduct panel testing to determine the capture efficiency of flash-off or bake oven emissions using ASTM Method D5087-02 (Reapproved 2021), “Standard Test Method for Determining Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released from Solventborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC Control Device (Abatement)” (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), ASTM Method D6266-00a (Reapproved 2017), “Test Method for Determining the Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released from Waterborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC Control Device (Abatement)” (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), or the guidelines presented in “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). You may conduct panel testing on representative coatings as described in “Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat” EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(1) Calculate the volume of coating solids deposited per volume of coating used for coating, i, or the composite volume of coating solids deposited per volume of coating used for the group of coatings including coating, i, used during the month in the spray booth(s) preceding the flash-off area or bake oven for which the panel test is conducted using Equation 4 of this section:
(2) Calculate the mass of VOC per volume of coating for coating, i, or the composite mass of VOC per volume of coating for the group of coatings including coating, i, used during the month in the spray booth(s) preceding the flash-off area or bake oven for which the panel test is conducted, kg, using Equation 5 of this section:
(3) As an alternative, you may choose to express the results of your panel tests in units of mass of VOC per mass of coating solids deposited and convert such results to a percent using Equation 7 of this section. If you panel test representative coatings, then you may convert the panel test result for each representative coating either to a unique percent capture efficiency for each coating grouped with that representative coating by using coating specific values for the mass of coating solids deposited per mass of coating used, mass fraction VOC, transfer efficiency, and mass fraction solids in Equations 7 and 8 of this section; or to a composite percent capture efficiency for the group of coatings by using composite values for the group of coatings for the mass of coating solids deposited per mass of coating used and average values for the mass of VOC per volume of coating, average values for the group of coatings for mass fraction VOC, transfer efficiency, and mass fraction solids in Equations 7 and 8 of this section. If you panel test each coating, then you must convert the panel test result for each coating to a unique percent capture efficiency for that coating by using coating specific values for the mass of coating solids deposited per mass of coating used, mass fraction VOC, transfer efficiency, and mass fraction solids in Equations 7 and 8 of this section. Panel test results expressed in units of mass of VOC per mass of coating solids deposited must be converted to percent capture efficiency using Equation 6 of this section:
(4) Calculate the mass of coating solids deposited per mass of coating used for each coating or the composite mass of coating solids deposited per mass of coating used for each group of coatings used during the month in the spray booth(s) preceding the flash-off area or bake oven for which the panel test is conducted using Equation 7 of this section:
(f) Alternative capture efficiency procedure. As an alternative to the procedures specified in paragraphs (c) through (e) and (g) of this section, you may determine capture efficiency using any other capture efficiency protocol and test methods that satisfy the criteria of either the Data Quality Objective (DQO) or Lower Confidence Limit (LCL) approach as described in appendix A to subpart KK of 40 CFR part 63.
(g) Panel testing to determine the capture efficiency of spray booth emissions from solvent-borne coatings. You may conduct panel testing to determine the capture efficiency of spray booth emissions from solvent-borne coatings using the procedure in appendix A to this subpart.
§ 60.400   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities used in phosphate rock plants which have a maximum plant production capacity greater than 3.6 megagrams per hour (4 tons/hr): dryers, calciners, grinders, and ground rock handling and storage facilities, except those facilities producing or preparing phosphate rock solely for consumption in elemental phosphorus production.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section which commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after September 21, 1979, is subject to the requirements of this part.
§ 60.401   Definitions.
(a) Phosphate rock plant means any plant which produces or prepares phosphate rock product by any or all of the following processes: Mining, beneficiation, crushing, screening, cleaning, drying, calcining, and grinding.
(b) Phosphate rock feed means all material entering the process unit, including moisture and extraneous material as well as the following ore minerals: Fluorapatite, hydroxylapatite, chlorapatite, and carbonateapatite.
(c) Dryer means a unit in which the moisture content of phosphate rock is reduced by contact with a heated gas stream.
(d) Calciner means a unit in which the moisture and organic matter of phosphate rock is reduced within a combustion chamber.
(e) Grinder means a unit which is used to pulverize dry phosphate rock to the final product size used in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer and does not include crushing devices used in mining.
(f) Ground phosphate rock handling and storage system means a system which is used for the conveyance and storage of ground phosphate rock from grinders at phosphate rock plants.
(g) Beneficiation means the process of washing the rock to remove impurities or to separate size fractions.
§ 60.402   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
(1) From any phosphate rock dryer any gases which:
(i) Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.030 kilogram per megagram of phosphate rock feed (0.06 lb/ton), or
(ii) Exhibit greater than 10-percent opacity.
(2) From any phosphate rock calciner processing unbeneficiated rock or blends of beneficiated and unbeneficiated rock, any gases which:
(i) Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.12 kilogram per megagram of phosphate rock feed (0.23 lb/ton), or
(ii) Exhibit greater than 10-percent opacity.
(3) From any phosphate rock calciner processing beneficiated rock any gases which:
(i) Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.055 kilogram per megagram of phosphate rock feed (0.11 lb/ton), or
(ii) Exhibit greater than 10-percent opacity.
(4) From any phosphate rock grinder any gases which:
(i) Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.006 kilogram per megagram of phosphate rock feed (0.012 lb/ton), or
(ii) Exhibit greater than zero-percent opacity.
(5) From any ground phosphate rock handling and storage system any gases which exhibit greater than zero-percent opacity.
§ 60.403   Monitoring of emissions and operations.
(a) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, to monitor and record the opacity of the gases discharged into the atmosphere from any phosphate rock dryer, calciner, or grinder. The span of this system shall be set at 40-percent opacity.
(b) For ground phosphate rock storage and handling systems, continuous monitoring systems for measuring opacity are not required.
(c) The owner or operator of any affected phosphate rock facility using a wet scrubbing emission control device shall not be subject to the requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, but shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the following continuous monitoring devices:
(1) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure.
(2) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control device. The monitoring device must be accurate within ±5 percent of design scrubbing liquid supply pressure.
(d) For the purpose of conducting a performance test under § 60.8, the owner or operator of any phosphate rock plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a device for measuring the phosphate rock feed to any affected dryer, calciner, or grinder. The measuring device used must be accurate to within ±5 percent of the mass rate over its operating range.
(e) For the purpose of reports required under § 60.7(c), periods of excess emissions that shall be reported are defined as all 6-minute periods during which the average opacity of the plume from any phosphate rock dryer, calciner, or grinder subject to paragraph (a) of this section exceeds the applicable opacity limit.
(f) Any owner or operator subject to the requirements under paragraph (c) of this section shall report on a frequency specified in § 60.7(c) all measurement results that are less than 90 percent of the average levels maintained during the most recent performance test conducted under § 60.8 in which the affected facility demonstrated compliance with the standard under § 60.402.
§ 60.404   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided for in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in § 60.402 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c s ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sd ) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The device of § 60.403(d) shall be used to determine the phosphate rock feed rate (P) for each run.
(4) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
(c) To comply with § 60.403(f), if applicable, the owner or operator shall use the monitoring devices in § 60.403(c) (1) and (2) to determine the average pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber and the average scrubbing supply pressure during the particulate matter runs.
§ 60.420   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each ammonium sulfate dryer within an ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant in the caprolactam by-product, synthetic, and coke oven by-product sectors of the ammonium sulfate industry.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after February 4, 1980, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.421   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A.
Ammonium sulfate dryer means a unit or vessel into which ammonium sulfate is charged for the purpose of reducing the moisture content of the product using a heated gas stream. The unit includes foundations, superstructure, material charger systems, exhaust systems, and integral control systems and instrumentation.
Ammonium sulfate feed material streams means the sulfuric acid feed stream to the reactor/crystallizer for synthetic and coke oven by-product ammonium sulfate manufacturing plants; and means the total or combined feed streams (the oximation ammonium sulfate stream and the rearrangement reaction ammonium sulfate stream) to the crystallizer stage, prior to any recycle streams.
Ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant means any plant which produces ammonium sulfate.
Caprolactam by-product ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant means any plant which produces ammonium sulfate as a by-product from process streams generated during caprolactam manufacture.
Coke oven by-product ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant means any plant which produces ammonium sulfate by reacting sulfuric acid with ammonia recovered as a by-product from the manufacture of coke.
Synthetic ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant means any plant which produces ammonium sulfate by direct combination of ammonia and sulfuric acid.
§ 60.422   Standards for particulate matter.
On or after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator of an ammonium sulfate dryer subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere, from any ammonium sulfate dryer, particulate matter at an emission rate exceeding 0.15 kilogram of particulate per megagram of ammonium sulfate produced (0.30 pound of particulate per ton of ammonium sulfate produced) and exhaust gases with greater than 15 percent opacity.
§ 60.423   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate flow monitoring devices which can be used to determine the mass flow of ammonium sulfate feed material streams to the process. The flow monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its range. However, if the plant uses weigh scales of the same accuracy to directly measure production rate of ammonium sulfate, the use of flow monitoring devices is not required.
(b) The owner or operator of any ammonium sulfate manufacturing plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across the emission control system. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
§ 60.424   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in § 60.422 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c s ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sd ) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 1.50 dscm (53 dscf).
(3) Direct measurement using product weigh scales, or the result of computations using a material balance, shall be used to determine the rate (P) of the ammonium sulfate production. If production rate is determined by material balance, the following equations shall be used:
(i) For synthetic and coke oven by-product ammonium sulfate plants:
(ii) For caprolactam by-product ammonium sulfate plants:
(4) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine the opacity.
§ 60.430   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each publication rotogravure printing press.
(b) The provisions of this subpart do not apply to proof presses.
(c) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after October 28, 1980 is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.431   Definitions and notations.
(a) All terms used in this subpart that are not defined below have the meaning given to them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
Automatic temperature compensator means a device that continuously senses the temperature of fluid flowing through a metering device and automatically adjusts the registration of the measured volume to the corrected equivalent volume at a base temperature.
Base temperature means an arbitrary reference temperature for determining liquid densities or adjusting the measured volume of a liquid quantity.
Density means the mass of a unit volume of liquid, expressed as grams per cubic centimeter, kilograms per liter, or pounds per gallon, at a specified temperature.
Gravure cylinder means a printing cylinder with an intaglio image consisting of minute cells or indentations specially engraved or etched into the cylinder's surface to hold ink when continuously revolved through a fountain of ink.
Performance averaging period means 30 calendar days, one calendar month, or four consecutive weeks as specified in sections of this subpart.
Proof press means any device used only to check the quality of the image formation of newly engraved or etched gravure cylinders and prints only non-saleable items.
Publication rotogravure printing press means any number of rotogravure printing units capable of printing simultaneously on the same continuous web or substrate and includes any associated device for continuously cutting and folding the printed web, where the following saleable paper products are printed:
Catalogues, including mail order and premium,
Direct mail advertisements, including circulars, letters, pamphlets, cards, and printed envelopes,
Display advertisements, including general posters, outdoor advertisements, car cards, window posters; counter and floor displays; point-of-purchase, and other printed display material,
Magazines,
Miscellaneous advertisements, including brochures, pamphlets, catalogue sheets, circular folders, announcements, package inserts, book jackets, market circulars, magazine inserts, and shopping news,
Newspapers, magazine and comic supplements for newspapers, and preprinted newspaper inserts, including hi-fi and spectacolor rolls and sections,
Periodicals, and
Telephone and other directories, including business reference services.
Raw ink means all purchased ink.
Related coatings means all non-ink purchased liquids and liquid-solid mixtures containing VOC solvent, usually referred to as extenders or varnishes, that are used at publication rotogravure printing presses.
Rotogravure printing unit means any device designed to print one color ink on one side of a continuous web or substrate using a gravure cylinder.
Solvent-borne ink systems means ink and related coating mixtures whose volatile portion consists essentially of VOC solvent with not more than five weight percent water, as applied to the gravure cylinder.
Solvent recovery system means an air pollution control system by which VOC solvent vapors in air or other gases are captured and directed through a condenser(s) or a vessel(s) containing beds of activated carbon or other adsorbents. For the condensation method, the solvent is recovered directly from the condenser. For the adsorption method, the vapors are adsorbed, then desorbed by steam or other media, and finally condensed and recovered.
VOC means volatile organic compound.
VOC solvent means an organic liquid or liquid mixture consisting of VOC components.
Waterborne ink systems means ink and related coating mixtures whose volatile portion consists of a mixture of VOC solvent and more than five weight percent water, as applied to the gravure cylinder.
(b) Symbols used in this subpart are defined as follows:
(c) The following subscripts are used in this subpart with the above symbols to denote the applicable facility:
§ 60.432   Standard for volatile organic compounds.
During the period of the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 and after the date required for completion of the test, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility VOC equal to more than 16 percent of the total mass of VOC solvent and water used at that facility during any one performance averaging period. The water used includes only that water contained in the waterborne raw inks and related coatings and the water added for dilution with waterborne ink systems.
§ 60.433   Performance test and compliance provisions.
(a) The owner or operator of any affected facility (or facilities) shall conduct performance tests in accordance with § 60.8, under the following conditions:
(1) The performance averaging period for each test is 30 consecutive calendar days and not an average of three separate runs as prescribed under § 60.8(f).
(2) Except as provided under paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section, if affected facilities routinely share the same raw ink storage/handling system with existing facilities, then temporary measurement procedures for segregating the raw inks, related coatings, VOC solvent, and water used at the affected facilities must be employed during the test. For this case, an overall emission percentage for the combined facilities as well as for only the affected facilities must be calculated during the test.
(3) For the purpose of measuring bulk storage tank quantities of each color of raw ink and each related coating used, the owner or operator of any affected facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate during the test one or more:
(i) Non-resettable totalizer metering device(s) for indicating the cumulative liquid volumes used at each affected facility; or
(ii) Segregated storage tanks for each affected facility to allow determination of the liquid quantities used by measuring devices other than the press meters required under item (i) of this article; or
(iii) Storage tanks to serve more than one facility with the liquid quantities used determined by measuring devices other than press meters, if facilities are combined as decribed under paragraph (d), (f), or (g) of this section.
(4) The owner or operator may choose to install an automatic temperature compensator with any liquid metering device used to measure the raw inks, related coatings, water, or VOC solvent used, or VOC solvent recovered.
(5) Records of the measured amounts used at the affected facility and the liquid temperature at which the amounts were measured are maintained for each shipment of all purchased material on at least a weekly basis for:
(i) The raw inks and related coatings used;
(ii) The VOC and water content of each raw ink and related coating used as determined according to § 60.435;
(iii) The VOC solvent and water added to the inks used;
(iv) The VOC solvent used as a cleaning agent; and
(v) The VOC solvent recovered.
(6) The density variations with temperature of the raw inks, related coatings, VOC solvents used, and VOC solvent recovered are determined by the methods stipulated in § 60.435(d).
(7) The calculated emission percentage may be reported as rounded-off to the nearest whole number.
(8) Printing press startups and shutdowns are not included in the exemption provisions under § 60.8(c). Frequent periods of press startups and shutdowns are normal operations and constitute representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test.
(b) If an affected facility uses waterborne ink systems or a combination of waterborne and solvent-borne ink systems with a solvent recovery system, compliance is determined by the following procedures, except as provided in paragraphs (d), (e), (f), and (g) of this section:
(1) The mass of VOC in the solvent-borne and waterborne raw inks and related coatings used is determined by the following equation:
(2) The total mass of VOC used is determined by the following equation:
(3) The mass of water in the waterborne raw inks and related coatings used is determined by the following equation:
(4) The total mass of water used is determined by the following equation:
(5) The total mass of VOC solvent recovered is determined by the following equation:
(6) The average VOC emission percentage for the affected facility is determined by the following equation:
(c) If an affected facility controlled by a solvent recovery system uses only solvent-borne ink systems, the owner or operator may choose to determine compliance on a direct mass or a density-corrected liquid volume basis. Except as provided in paragraphs (d), (e), (f), and (g) of this section, compliance is determined as follows:
(1) On a direct mass basis, compliance is determined according to paragraph (b) of this section, except that the water term, M v , does not apply.
(2) On a density-corrected liquid volume basis, compliance is determined by the following procedures:
(i) A base temperature corresponding to that for the largest individual amount of VOC solvent used or recovered from the affected facility, or other reference temperature, is chosen by the owner or operator.
(ii) The corrected liquid volume of VOC in the raw inks and related coatings used is determined by the following equation:
(iii) The total corrected liquid volume of VOC used is determined by the following equation:
(iv) The total corrected liquid volume of VOC solvent recovered is determined by the following equation:
(v) The average VOC emission percentage for the affected facility is determined by the following equation:
(d) If two or more affected facilities are controlled by the same solvent recovery system, compliance is determined by the procedures specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, whichever applies, except that (L t ) a and (L r ) a , (M t ) a , (M r ) a , and (M v ) a , are the collective amounts of VOC solvent and water corresponding to all the affected facilities controlled by that solvent recovery system. The average VOC emission percentage for each of the affected facilities controlled by that same solvent recovery system is assumed to be equal.
(e) Except as provided under paragraph (f) of this section, if an existing facility (or facilities) and an affected facility (or facilities) are controlled in common by the same solvent recovery system, the owner or operator shall determine compliance by conducting a separate emission test on the existing facility (or facilities) and then conducting a performance test on the combined facilities as follows:
(1) Before the initial startup of the affected facility (or facilities) and at any other time as requested by the Administrator, the owner or operator shall conduct emission test(s) on the existing facility (or facilities) controlled by the subject solvent recovery system. The solvent recovery system must handle VOC emissions from only the subject existing facility (or facilities), not from affected facilities, during the emission test.
(2) During the emission test, the affected facilities are subject to the standard stated in § 60.432.
(3) The emission test is conducted over a 30 consecutive calendar day averaging period according to the conditions stipulated in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section, except that the conditions pertain to only existing facilities instead of affected facilities.
(4) The owner or operator of the existing facility (or facilities) shall provide the Administrator at least 30 days prior notice of the emission test to afford the Administrator the opportunity to have an observer present.
(5) The emission percentage for the existing facility (or facilities) during the emission test is determined by one of the following procedures:
(i) If the existing facility (or facilities) uses a combination of waterborne and solvent-borne ink systems, the average VOC emission percentage must be determined on a direct mass basis according to paragraph (b) or (d) of this section, whichever applies, with the following equation:
(ii) If the existing facility (or facilities) uses only solvent-borne ink systems, the owner or operator may choose to determine the emission percentage either on a direct mass basis or a density-corrected liquid volume basis according to paragraph (c) or (d) of this section, whichever applies. On a direct mass basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the equation presented in article (i) of this paragraph. On a density-corrected liquid volume basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the following equation:
(6) The owner or operator of the existing facility (or facilities) shall furnish the Administrator a written report of the results of the emission test.
(7) After completion of the separate emission test on the existing facility (or facilities), the owner or operator shall conduct performance test(s) on the combined facilities with the solvent recovery system handling VOC emissions from both the existing and affected facilities.
(8) During performance test(s), the emission percentage for the existing facility (or facilities), P e , is assumed to be equal to that determined in the latest emission test. The administrator may request additional emission tests if any physical or operational changes occur to any of the subject existing facilities.
(9) The emission percentage for the affected facility (or facilities) during performance test(s) with both existing and affected facilities connected to the solvent recovery system is determined by one of the following procedures:
(i) If any of the combined facilities uses both waterborne and solvent-borne ink systems, the average VOC emission percentage must be determined on a direct mass basis according to paragraph (b) or (d) of this section, whichever applies, with the following equation:
(ii) If all of the combined facilities use only solvent-borne ink systems, the owner or operator may choose to determine performance of the affected facility (or facilities) either on a direct mass basis or a density-corrected liquid volume basis according to paragraph (c) or (d) of this section, whichever applies. On a direct mass basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the equation presented in article (i) of this paragraph. On a density-corrected liquid volume basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the following equation:
(f) The owner or operator may choose to show compliance of the combined performance of existing and affected facilities controlled in common by the same solvent recovery system. A separate emission test for existing facilities is not required for this option. The combined performance is determined by one of the following procedures:
(1) If any of the combined facilities uses both waterborne and solvent-borne ink systems, the combined average VOC emission percentage must be determined on a direct mass basis according to paragraph (b) or (d) of this section, whichever applies, with the following equation:
(2) If all of the combined facilities use only solvent-borne ink systems, the owner or operator may choose to determine performance either on a direct mass basis or a density-corrected liquid volume basis according to paragraph (c) or (d) of this section, whichever applies. On a direct mass basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the equation presented in article (i) of this paragraph. On a density-corrected liquid volume basis, the average VOC emission percentage is determined by the following equation:
(g) If all existing and affected facilities located within the same plant boundary use waterborne ink systems or solvent-borne ink systems with solvent recovery systems, the owner or operator may choose to show compliance on a plantwide basis for all the existing and affected facilities together. No separate emission tests on existing facilities and no temporary segregated liquid measurement procedures for affected facilities are required for this option. The plantwide performance is determined by one of the following procedures:
(1) If any of the facilities use waterborne ink systems, the total plant average VOC emission percentage must be determined on a direct mass basis according to paragraph (b) of this section with the following equation:
(2) If all of the plant facilities use only solvent-borne ink systems, the owner or operator may choose to determine performance either on a direct mass basis or a density-corrected liquid volume basis according to paragraph (c) of this section. On a direct mass basis, the total plant average VOC emission percentage is determined by the equation presented in article (i) of this paragraph. On a density-corrected liquid volume basis, the total plant average VOC emission percentage is determined by the following equation:
§ 60.434   Monitoring of operations and recordkeeping.
(a) After completion of the performance test required under § 60.8, the owner or operator of any affected facility using waterborne ink systems or solvent-borne ink systems with solvent recovery systems shall record the amount of solvent and water used, solvent recovered, and estimated emission percentage for each performance averaging period and shall maintain these records for 2 years. The emission percentage is estimated as follows:
(1) The performance averaging period for monitoring of proper operation and maintenance is a calendar month or 4 consecutive weeks, at the option of the owner or operator.
(2) If affected facilities share the same raw ink storage/handling system with existing facilities, solvent and water used, solvent recovered, and emission percentages for the combined facilities may be documented. Separate emission percentages for only the affected facilities are not required in this case. The combined emission percentage is compared to the overall average for the existing and affected facilities' emission percentage determined during the most recent performance test.
(3) Except as provided in article (4) of this paragraph, temperatures and liquid densities determined during the most recent performance test are used to calculate corrected volumes and mass quantities.
(4) The owner or operator may choose to measure temperatures for determination of actual liquid densities during each performance averaging period. A different base temperature may be used for each performance averaging period if desired by the owner or operator.
(5) The emission percentage is calculated according to the procedures under § 60.433 (b) through (g), whichever applies, or by a comparable calculation which compares the total solvent recovered to the total solvent used at the affected facility.
§ 60.435   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The owner or operator of any affected facility using solvent-borne ink systems shall determine the VOC content of the raw inks and related coatings used at the affected facility by:
(1) Analysis using Method 24A of routine weekly samples of raw ink and related coatings in each respective storage tank; or
(2) Analysis using Method 24A of samples of each shipment of all purchased raw inks and related coatings; or
(3) Determination of the VOC content from the formulation data supplied by the ink manufacturer with each shipment of raw inks and related coatings used.
(b) The owner or operator of any affected facility using solvent-borne ink systems shall use the results of verification analyses by Method 24A to determine compliance when discrepancies with ink manufacturers' formulation data occur.
(c) The owner or operator of any affected facility using waterborne ink systems shall determine the VOC and water content of raw inks and related coatings used at the affected facility by:
(1) Determination of the VOC and water content from the formulation data supplied by the ink manufacturer with each shipment of purchased raw inks and related coatings used; or
(2) Analysis of samples of each shipment of purchased raw inks and related coatings using a test method approved by the Administrator in accordance with § 60.8(b).
(d) The owner or operator of any affected facility shall determine the density of raw inks, related coatings, and VOC solvents by:
(1) Making a total of three determinations for each liquid sample at specified temperatures using the procedure outlined in ASTM D1475-60, 80, or 90, which is incorporated by reference. It is available from the American Society of Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register on November 8, 1982. This material is incorporated as it exists on the date of approval and a notice of any change in these materials will be published in the Federal Register. The temperature and density is recorded as the arithmetic average of the three determinations; or
(2) Using literature values, at specified temperatures, acceptable to the Administrator.
(e) If compliance is determined according to § 60.433 (e), (f), or (g), the existing as well as affected facilities are subject to the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section.
§ 60.440   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each coating line used in the manufacture of pressure sensitive tape and label materials.
(b) Any affected facility which inputs to the coating process 45 Mg (50 tons) of VOC or less per 12 month period is not subject to the emission limits of § 60.442(a), however, the affected facility is subject to the requirements of all other applicable sections of this subpart. If the amount of VOC input exceeds 45 Mg (50 tons) per 12 month period, the coating line will become subject to § 60.442(a) and all other sections of this subpart.
(c) This subpart applies to any affected facility which begins construction, modification, or reconstruction after December 30, 1980.
§ 60.441   Definitions and symbols.
(a) Except as otherwise required by the context, terms used in this subpart are defined in the Act, in subpart A of this part, or in this section as follows:
Coating applicator means an apparatus used to apply a surface coating to a continuous web.
Coating line means any number or combination of adhesive, release, or precoat coating applicators, flashoff areas, and ovens which coat a continuous web, located between a web unwind station and a web rewind station, to produce pressure sensitive tape and label materials.
Coating solids applied means the solids content of the coated adhesive, release, or precoat as measured by Method 24.
Flashoff area means the portion of a coating line after the coating applicator and usually before the oven entrance.
Fugitive volatile organic compounds means any volatile organic compounds which are emitted from the coating applicator and flashoff areas and are not emitted in the oven.
Hood or enclosure means any device used to capture fugitive volatile organic compounds.
Oven means a chamber which uses heat or irradiation to bake, cure, polymerize, or dry a surface coating.
Precoat means a coating operation in which a coating other than an adhesive or release is applied to a surface during the production of a pressure sensitive tape or label product.
Solvent applied in the coating means all organic solvent contained in the adhesive, release, and precoat formulations that is metered into the coating applicator from the formulation area.
Total enclosure means a structure or building around the coating applicator and flashoff area or the entire coating line for the purpose of confining and totally capturing fugitive VOC emissions.
VOC means volatile organic compound.
(b) All symbols used in this subpart not defined below are given meaning in the Act or in subpart A of this part.
§ 60.442   Standard for volatile organic compounds.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required by § 60.8 has been completed each owner or operator subject to this subpart shall:
(1) Cause the discharge into the atmosphere from an affected facility not more than 0.20 kg VOC/kg of coating solids applied as calculated on a weighted average basis for one calendar month; or
(2) Demonstrate for each affected facility;
(i) A 90 percent overall VOC emission reduction as calculated over a calendar month; or
(ii) The percent overall VOC emission reduction specified in § 60.443(b) as calculated over a calendar month.
§ 60.443   Compliance provisions.
(a) To determine compliance with § 60.442 the owner or operator of the affected facility shall calculate a weighted average of the mass of solvent used per mass of coating solids applied for a one calendar month period according to the following procedures:
(1) Determine the weight fraction of organics and the weight fraction of solids of each coating applied by using Reference Method 24 or by the coating manufacturer's formulation data.
(2) Compute the weighted average by the following equation:
(3) For each affected facility where the value of G is less than or equal to 0.20 kg VOC per kg of coating solids applied, the affected facility is in compliance with § 60.442(a)(1).
(b) To determine compliance with § 60.442(a)(2), the owner or operator shall calculate the required overall VOC emission reduction according to the following equation:
(c) Where compliance with the emission limits specified in § 60.442(a)(2) is achieved through the use of a solvent recovery system, the owner or operator shall determine the overall VOC emission reduction for a one calendar month period by the following equation:
(d) Where compliance with the emission limit specified in § 60.442(a)(2) is achieved through the use of a solvent destruction device, the owner or operator shall determine calendar monthly compliance by comparing the monthly required overall VOC emission reduction specified in paragraph (b) of this section to the overall VOC emission reduction demonstrated in the most recent performance test which complied with § 60.442(a)(2). If the monthly required overall VOC emission reduction is less than or equal to the overall VOC reduction of the most recent performance test, the affected facility is in compliance with § 60.442(a)(2).
(e) Where compliance with § 60.442(a)(2) is achieved through the use of a solvent destruction device, the owner or operator shall continuously record the destruction device combustion temperature during coating operations for thermal incineration destruction devices or the gas temperature upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed during coating operations for catalytic incineration destruction devices. For thermal incineration destruction devices the owner or operator shall record all 3-hour periods (during actual coating operations) during which the average temperature of the device is more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the average temperature of the device during the most recent performance test complying with § 60.442(a)(2). For catalytic incineration destruction devices, the owner or operator shall record all 3-hour periods (during actual coating operations) during which the average temperature of the device immediately before the catalyst bed is more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the average temperature of the device during the most recent performance test complying with § 60.442(a)(2), and all 3-hour periods (during actual coating operations) during which the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed is less than 80 percent of the average temperature difference of the device during the most recent performance test complying with § 60.442(a)(2).
(f) After the initial performance test required for all affected facilities under § 60.8, compliance with the VOC emission limitation and percentage reduction requirements under § 60.442 is based on the average emission reduction for one calendar month. A separate compliance test is completed at the end of each calendar month after the initial performance test, and a new calendar month's average VOC emission reduction is calculated to show compliance with the standard.
(g) If a common emission control device is used to recover or destroy solvent from more than one affected facility, the performance of that control device is assumed to be equal for each of the affected facilities. Compliance with § 60.442(a)(2) is determined by the methods specified in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section and is performed simultaneously on all affected facilities.
(h) If a common emission control device is used to recover solvent from an existing facility (or facilities) as well as from an affected facility (or facilities), the overall VOC emission reduction for the affected facility (or facilities), for the purpose of compliance, shall be determined by the following procedures:
(1) The owner or operator of the existing facility (or facilities) shall determine the mass of solvent recovered for a calendar month period from the existing facility (or facilities) prior to the connection of the affected facility (or facilities) to the emission control device.
(2) The affected facility (or facilities) shall then be connected to the emission control device.
(3) The owner or operator shall determine the total mass of solvent recovered from both the existing and affected facilities over a calendar month period. The mass of solvent determined in paragraph (h)(1) of this section from the existing facility shall be subtracted from the total mass of recovered solvent to obtain the mass of solvent recovered from the affected facility (or facilities). The overall VOC emission reduction of the affected facility (or facilities) can then be determined as specified in paragraph (c) of this section.
(i) If a common emission control device(s) is used to destruct solvent from an existing facility (or facilities) as well as from an affected facility (or facilities), the overall VOC emission reduction for the affected facility (or facilities), for the purpose of compliance, shall be determined by the following procedures:
(1) The owner or operator shall operate the emission control device with both the existing and affected facilities connected.
(2) The concentration of VOC (in parts per million by volume) after the common emission control device shall be determined as specified in § 60.444(c). This concentration is used in the calculation of compliance for both the existing and affected facilities.
(3) The volumetric flow out of the common control device attributable to the affected facility (or facilities) shall be calculated by first determining the ratio of the volumetric flow entering the common control device attributable to the affected facility (facilities) to the total volumetric flow entering the common control device from both existing and affected facilities. The multiplication of this ratio by the total volumetric flow out of the common control device yields the flow attributable to the affected facility (facilities). Compliance is determined by the use of the equation specified in § 60.444(c).
(j) Startups and shutdowns are normal operation for this source category. Emissions from these operations are to be included when determining if the standard specified at § 60.442(a)(2) is being attained.
§ 60.444   Performance test procedures.
(a) The performance test for affected facilities complying with § 60.442 without the use of add-on controls shall be identical to the procedures specified in § 60.443(a).
(b) The performance test for affected facilities controlled by a solvent recovery device shall be conducted as follows:
(1) The performance test shall be a one calendar month test and not the average of three runs as specified in § 60.8(f).
(2) The weighted average mass of VOC per mass of coating solids applied for a one calendar month period shall be determined as specified in § 60.443(a) (1) and (2).
(3) Calculate the required percent overall VOC emission reduction as specified in § 60.443(b).
(4) Inventory VOC usage and VOC recovery for a one calendar month period.
(5) Determine the percent overall VOC emission reduction as specified in § 60.443(c).
(c) The performance test for affected facilities controlled by a solvent destruction device shall be conducted as follows:
(1) The performance of the solvent destruction device shall be determined by averaging the results of three test runs as specified in § 60.8(f).
(2) Determine for each affected facility prior to each test run the weighted average mass of VOC per mass of coating solids applied being used at the facility. The weighted average shall be determined as specified in § 60.443(a). In this application the quantities of W oi , W si , and M ci shall be determined for the time period of each test run and not a calendar month as specified in § 60.441.
(3) Calculate the required percent overall VOC emission reduction as specified in § 60.443(b).
(4) Determine the percent overall VOC emission reduction of the solvent destruction device by the following equation and procedures:
(i) The owner or operator of the affected facility shall construct the overall VOC emission reduction system so that all volumetric flow rates and total VOC emissions can be accurately determined by the applicable test methods and procedures specified in § 60.446(b).
(ii) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall construct a temporary total enclosure around the coating line applicator and flashoff area during the performance test for the purpose of capturing fugitive VOC emissions. If a permanent total enclosure exists in the affected facility prior to the performance test and the Administrator is satisfied that the enclosure is totally capturing fugitive VOC emissions, then no additional total enclosure will be required for the performance test.
(iii) For each affected facility where the value of R is greater than or equal to the value of R q calculated in § 60.443(b), compliance with § 60.442(a)(2) is demonstrated.
§ 60.445   Monitoring of operations and recordkeeping.
(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to this subpart shall maintain a calendar month record of all coatings used and the results of the reference test method specified in § 60.446(a) or the manufacturer's formulation data used for determining the VOC content of those coatings.
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a solvent recovery device shall maintain a calendar month record of the amount of solvent applied in the coating at each affected facility.
(c) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a solvent recovery device shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device for indicating the cumulative amount of solvent recovered by the device over a calendar month period. The monitoring device shall be accurate within ±2.0 percent. The owner or operator shall maintain a calendar month record of the amount of solvent recovered by the device.
(d) The owner or operator of an affected facility operating at the conditions specified in § 60.440(b) shall maintain a 12 month record of the amount of solvent applied in the coating at the facility.
(e) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a thermal incineration solvent destruction device shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously indicates and records the temperature of the solvent destruction device's exhaust gases. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of the greater of ±0.75 percent of the temperature being measured expressed in degrees Celsius or ±2.5 °C.
(f) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a catalytic incineration solvent destruction device shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously indicates and records the gas temperature both upstream and downstream of the catalyst bed.
(g) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a solvent destruction device which uses a hood or enclosure to capture fugitive VOC emissions shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously indicates that the hood or enclosure is operating. No continuous monitor shall be required if the owner or operator can demonstrate that the hood or enclosure system is interlocked with the affected facility's oven recirculation air system.
(h) Records of the measurements required in §§ 60.443 and 60.445 must be retained for at least two years following the date of the measurements.
§ 60.446   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The VOC content per unit of coating solids applied and compliance with § 60.422(a)(1) shall be determined by either Method 24 and the equations specified in § 60.443 or by manufacturers' formulation data. In the event of any inconsistency between a Method 24 test and manufacturers' formulation data, the Method 24 test will govern. The Administrator may require an owner or operator to perform Method 24 tests during such months as he deems appropriate. For Method 24, the coating sample must be a one liter sample taken into a one liter container at a point where the sample will be representative of the coating applied to the web substrate.
(b) Method 25 shall be used to determine the VOC concentration, in parts per million by volume, of each effluent gas stream entering and exiting the solvent destruction device or its equivalent, and each effluent gas stream emitted directly to the atmosphere. Methods 1, 2, 3, and 4 shall be used to determine the sampling location, volumetric flowrate, molecular weight, and moisture of all sampled gas streams. For Method 25, the sampling time for each of three runs must be at least 1 hour. The minimum sampling volume must be 0.003 dscm except that shorter sampling times or smaller volumes, when necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be approved by the Administrator.
(c) If the owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that testing of representative stacks yields results comparable to those that would be obtained by testing all stacks, the Administrator will approve testing of representative stacks on a case-by-case basis.
§ 60.447   Reporting requirements.
(a) For all affected facilities subject to compliance with § 60.442, the performance test data and results from the performance test shall be submitted to the Administrator as specified in § 60.8(a) of the General Provisions (40 CFR part 60, subpart A).
(b) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of each affected facility shall submit quarterly reports to the Administrator of exceedances of the VOC emission limits specified in § 60.442. If no such exceedances occur during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the Administrator semiannually.
(c) The owner or operator of each affected facility shall also submit reports at the frequency specified in § 60.7(c) when the incinerator temperature drops as defined under § 60.443(e). If no such periods occur, the owner or operator shall state this in the report.
(d) The requirements of this subsection remain in force until and unless EPA, in delegating enforcement authority to a State under section 111(c) of the Act, approves reporting requirements or an alternative means of compliance surveillance adopted by such States. In that event, affected sources within the State will be relieved of the obligation to comply with this subsection, provided that they comply with the requirements established by the State.
§ 60.450   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each surface coating operation in a large appliance surface coating line.
(b) The provisions of this subpart apply to each affected facility identified in paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after December 24, 1980.
§ 60.451   Definitions.
(a) All terms used in this subpart not defined below are given the meaning in the Act or in subpart A of this part.
Applied coating solids means the coating solids that adhere to the surface of the large appliance part being coated.
Coating application station means that portion of the large appliance surface coating operation where a prime coat or a top coat is applied to large appliance parts or products (e.g., dip tank, spray booth, or flow coating unit).
Curing oven means a device that uses heat to dry or cure the coating(s) applied to large appliance parts or products.
Electrodeposition (EDP) means a method of coating application in which the large appliance part or product is submerged in a tank filled with coating material suspended in water and an electrical potential is used to enhance deposition of the material on the part or product.
Flashoff area means the portion of a surface coating line between the coating application station and the curing oven.
Large appliance part means any organic surface-coated metal lid, door, casing, panel, or other interior or exterior metal part or accessory that is assembled to form a large appliance product. Parts subject to in-use temperatures in excess of 250 °F are not included in this definition.
Large appliance product means any organic surface-coated metal range, oven, microwave oven, refrigerator, freezer, washer, dryer, dishwasher, water heater, or trash compactor manufactured for household, commercial, or recreational use.
Large appliance surface coating line means that portion of a large appliance assembly plant engaged in the application and curing of organic surface coatings on large appliance parts or products.
Organic coating means any coating used in a surface coating operation, including dilution solvents, from which VOC emissions occur during the application or the curing process. For the purpose of this regulation, powder coatings are not included in this definition.
Powder coating means any surface coating that is applied as a dry powder and is fused into a continuous coating film through the use of heat.
Spray booth means the structure housing automatic or manual spray application equipment where a coating is applied to large appliance parts or products.
Surface coating operation means the system on a large appliance surface coating line used to apply and dry or cure an organic coating on the surface of large appliance parts or products. The surface coating operation may be a prime coat or a topcoat operation and includes the coating application station(s), flashoff area, and curing oven.
Transfer efficiency means the ratio of the amount of coating solids deposited onto the surface of a large appliance part or product to the total amount of coating solids used.
VOC content means the proportion of a coating that is volatile organic compounds (VOC's), expressed as kilograms of VOC's per liter of coating solids.
VOC emissions means the mass of volatile organic compounds (VOC's), expressed as kilograms of VOC's per liter of applied coating solids, emitted from a surface coating operation.
(b) All symbols used in this subpart not defined below are given the meaning in the Act or subpart A of this part.
§ 60.452   Standard for volatile organic compounds.
On or after the date on which the performance test required by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall discharge or cause the discharge of VOC emissions that exceed 0.90 kilogram of VOC's per liter of applied coating solids from any surface coating operation on a large appliance surface coating line.
§ 60.453   Performance test and compliance provisions.
(a) Sections 60.8 (d) and (f) do not apply to the performance test procedures required by this subpart.
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct an initial performance test as required under § 60.8(a) and thereafter a performance test each calendar month for each affected facility according to the procedures in this paragraph.
(1) An owner or operator shall use the following procedures for any affected facility that does not use a capture system and control device to comply with the emissions limit specified under § 60.452. The owner or operator shall determine the composition of the coatings by formulation data supplied by the coating manufacturer or by analysis of each coating, as received, using Method 24. The Administrator may require the owner or operator who uses formulation data supplied by the coating manufacturer to determine the VOC content of coatings using Method 24. The owner or operator shall determine the volume of coating and the mass of VOC-solvent used for thinning purposes from company records on a monthly basis. If a common coating distribution system serves more than one affected facility or serves both affected and existing facilities, the owner or operator shall estimate the volume of coatings used at each facility, by using the average dry weight of coating and the surface area coated by each affected and existing facility or by other procedures acceptable to the Administrator.
(i) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(1)(iv) of this section, the weighted average of the total mass of VOC's consumed per unit volume of coating solids applied each calendar month will be determined as follows.
(A) Calculate the mass of VOC's consumed (M o + M d ) during the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(B) Calculate the total volume of coating solids used (L s ) in the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(C) Select the appropriate transfer efficiency from table 1. If the owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administrator that transfer efficiencies other than those shown are appropriate, the Administrator will approve their use on a case-by-case basis. Transfer efficiencies for application methods not listed shall be determined by the Administrator on a case-by-case basis. An owner or operator must submit sufficient data for the Administrator to judge the accuracy of the transfer efficiency claims.
Table 1—Transfer Efficiencies
Where more than one application method is used within a single surface coating operation, the owner or operator shall determine the composition and volume of each coating applied by each method through a means acceptable to the Administrator and compute the weighted average transfer efficiency by the following equation:
(D) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's consumed per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(ii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of VOC emissions to the atmosphere (N) during the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(iii) Where the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's discharged to the atmosphere per unit volume of coating solids applied (N) is equal to or less than 0.90 kilogram per liter, the affected facility is in compliance.
(iv) If each individual coating used by an affected facility has a VOC content, as received, which when divided by the lowest transfer efficiency at which the coating is applied, results in a value equal to or less than 0.90 kilogram per liter, the affected facility is in compliance, provided no VOC's are added to the coating during distribution or application.
(2) An owner or operator shall use the following procedures for any affected facility that uses a capture system and a control device that destroys VOC's (e.g., incinerator) to comply with the emission limit specified under § 60.452.
(i) Determine the overall reduction efficiency (R) for the capture system and control device. For the initial performance test the overall reduction efficiency (R) shall be determined as prescribed in A, B, and C below. In subsequent months, the owner or operator may use the most recently determined overall reduction efficiency (R) for the performance test, providing control device and capture system operating conditions have not changed. The procedure in A, B, and C, below, shall be repeated when directed by the Administrator or when the owner or operator elects to operate the control device or capture system at conditions different from the initial performance test.
(A) Determine the fraction (F) of total VOC's emitted by an affected facility that enters the control device using the following equation:
(B) Determine the destruction efficiency of the control device (E) using values of the volumetric flow rate of each of the gas streams and the VOC content (as carbon) of each of the gas streams in and out of the device by the following equation:
(C) Determine overall reduction efficiency (R) using the following equation:
(ii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's per unit volume of applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations (1), (2), (3) if applicable, and (4).
(iii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of VOC emissions to the atmosphere (N) during each calendar month by the following equation:
(iv) If the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is equal to or less than 0.90 kilogram per liter of applied coating solids, the affected facility is in compliance.
(3) An owner or operator shall use the following procedure for any affected facility that uses a control device for VOC recovery (e.g., carbon adsorber) to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under § 60.452.
(i) Calculate the total mass of VOC's consumed (M o + M d ) and the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's per unit volume of applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations (1), (2), (3) if applicable, and (4).
(ii) Calculate the total mass of VOC's recovered (M r ) during each calendar month using the following equation:
(iii) Calculate overall reduction efficiency of the control device (R) for each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(iv) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere (N) for each calendar month for each affected facility using equation (9).
(v) If the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is equal to or less than 0.90 kilogram per liter of applied coating solids, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is considered a performance test.
§ 60.454   Monitoring of emissions and operations.
(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility that uses a capture system and an incinerator to comply with the emission limits specified under § 60.452 shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate temperature measurement devices as prescribed below:
(1) Where thermal incineration is used, a temperature measurement device shall be installed in the firebox. Where catalytic incineration is used, a temperature measurement device shall be installed in the gas stream immediately before and after the catalyst bed.
(2) Each temperature measurement device shall be installed, calibrated, and maintained according to the manufacturer's specifications. The device shall have an accuracy of 0.75 percent of the temperature being measured, expressed in degrees Celsius, or ±2.5 °C, whichever is greater.
(3) Each temperature measurement device shall be equipped with a recording device so that a permanent continuous record is produced.
§ 60.455   Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
(a) The reporting requirements of § 60.8(a) apply only to the initial performance test. Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall include the following data in the report of the initial performance test required under § 60.8(a):
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) for a period of 1 calendar month from each affected facility.
(2) For each affected facility where compliance is determined under the provisions of § 60.453(b)(1)(iv), a list of the coatings used during a period of 1 calendar month, the VOC content of each coating calculated from data determined using Reference Method 24 or supplied by the coating manufacturer, and the minimum transfer efficiency of any coating application equipment used during the month.
(3) For each affected facility where compliance is achieved through use of an incineration system, the following additional information will be reported:
(i) The proportion of total VOC's emitted that enters the control device (F),
(ii) The VOC reduction efficiency of the control device (E),
(iii) The average combustion temperature (or the average temperature upstream and downstream of the catalyst bed), and
(iv) A description of the method used to establish the amount of VOC's captured and sent to the incinerator.
(4) For each affected facility where compliance is achieved through use of a solvent recovery system, the following additional information will be reported:
(i) The volume of VOC-solvent recovered (L r ), and
(ii) The overall VOC emission reduction achieved (R).
(b) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit a written report to the Administrator every calendar quarter of each instance in which the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) is greater than the limit specified under § 60.452. If no such instances have occurred during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the Administrator semiannually.
(c) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit at the frequency specified in § 60.7(c) the following:
(1) Where compliance with § 60.452 is achieved through use of thermal incineration, each 3-hour period of coating operation during which the average temperature of the device was more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the average temperature of the device during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under § 60.453.
(2) Where compliance with § 60.452 is achieved through the use of catalytic incineration, each 3-hour period of coating operation during which the average temperature recorded immediately before the catalyst bed is more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the average temperature at the same location during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under § 60.453. Additionally, all 3-hour periods of coating operation during which the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed is less than 80 percent of the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under § 60.453 will be recorded.
(3) For thermal and catalytic incinerators, if no such periods as described in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section occur, the owner or operator shall state this in the report.
(d) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain at the source, for a period of at least 2 years, records of all data and calculations used to determine VOC emissions from each affected facility. Where compliance is achieved through the use of thermal incineration, each owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the incinerator combustion chamber temperature. If catalytic incineration is used, the owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the gas temperature, both upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed. Where compliance is achieved through the use of a solvent recovery system, the owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the amount of solvent recovered by the system for each affected facility.
§ 60.456   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The reference methods in appendix A to this part, except as provided under § 60.8(b), shall be used to determine compliance with § 60.452 as follows:
(1) Method 24 or formulation data supplied by the coating manufacturer to determine the VOC content of a coating. In the event of dispute, Method 24 shall be the reference method. For determining compliance only, results of Method 24 analyses of waterborne coatings shall be adjusted as described in Section 12.6 of Method 24. Procedures to determine VOC emissions are provided in § 60.453.
(2) Method 25 for the measurement of the VOC concentration in the gas stream vent.
(3) Method 1 for sample and velocity traverses.
(4) Method 2 for velocity and volumetric flow rate.
(5) Method 3 for gas analysis.
(6) Method 4 for stack gas moisture.
(b) For Method 24, the coating sample must be a 1-liter sample taken into a 1-liter container at a point where the sample will be representative of the coating material.
(c) For Method 25, the sample time for each of three runs is to be at least 60 minutes and the minimum sample volume is to be at least 0.003 dscm (0.1 dscf) except that shorter sampling times or smaller volumes, when necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be approved by the Administrator.
(d) The Administrator will approve sampling of representative stacks on a case-by-case basis if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the testing of representative stacks would yield results comparable to those that would be obtained by testing all stacks.
§ 60.460   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to the following affected facilities in a metal coil surface coating operation: each prime coat operation, each finish coat operation, and each prime and finish coat operation combined when the finish coat is applied wet on wet over the prime coat and both coatings are cured simultaneously.
(b) This subpart applies to any facility identified in paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after January 5, 1981.
§ 60.461   Definitions.
(a) All terms used in this subpart not defined below are given the same meaning as in the Act or in subpart A of this part.
Coating means any organic material that is applied to the surface of metal coil.
Coating application station means that portion of the metal coil surface coating operation where the coating is applied to the surface of the metal coil. Included as part of the coating application station is the flashoff area between the coating application station and the curing oven.
Curing oven means the device that uses heat or radiation to dry or cure the coating applied to the metal coil.
Finish coat operation means the coating application station, curing oven, and quench station used to apply and dry or cure the final coating(s) on the surface of the metal coil. Where only a single coating is applied to the metal coil, that coating is considered a finish coat.
Metal coil surface coating operation means the application system used to apply an organic coating to the surface of any continuous metal strip with thickness of 0.15 millimeter (mm) (0.006 in.) or more that is packaged in a roll or coil.
Prime coat operation means the coating application station, curing oven, and quench station used to apply and dry or cure the initial coating(s) on the surface of the metal coil.
Quench station means that portion of the metal coil surface coating operation where the coated metal coil is cooled, usually by a water spray, after baking or curing.
VOC content means the quantity, in kilograms per liter of coating solids, of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) in a coating.
(b) All symbols used in this subpart not defined below are given the same meaning as in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
§ 60.462   Standards for volatile organic compounds.
(a) On and after the date on which § 60.8 requires a performance test to be completed, each owner or operator subject to this subpart shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere more than:
(1) 0.28 kilogram VOC per liter (kg VOC/ l ) of coating solids applied for each calendar month for each affected facility that does not use an emission control device(s); or
(2) 0.14 kg VOC/ l of coating solids applied for each calendar month for each affected facility that continuously uses an emission control device(s) operated at the most recently demonstrated overall efficiency; or
(3) 10 percent of the VOC's applied for each calendar month (90 percent emission reduction) for each affected facility that continuously uses an emission control device(s) operated at the most recently demonstrated overall efficiency; or
(4) A value between 0.14 (or a 90-percent emission reduction) and 0.28 kg VOC/ l of coating solids applied for each calendar month for each affected facility that intermittently uses an emission control device operated at the most recently demonstrated overall efficiency.
§ 60.463   Performance test and compliance provisions.
(a) Section 60.8(d) and (f) do not apply to the performance test.
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall conduct an initial performance test as required under § 60.8(a) and thereafter a performance test for each calendar month for each affected facility according to the procedures in this section.
(c) The owner or operator shall use the following procedures for determining monthly volume-weighted average emissions of VOC's in kg/ l of coating solids applied.
(1) An owner or operator shall use the following procedures for each affected facility that does not use a capture system and control device to comply with the emission limit specified under § 60.462(a)(1). The owner or operator shall determine the composition of the coatings by formulation data supplied by the manufacturer of the coating or by an analysisof each coating, as received, using Method 24. The Administrator may require the owner or operator who uses formulation data supplied by the manufacturer of the coatings to determine the VOC content of coatings using Method 24 or an equivalent or alternative method. The owner or operator shall determine the volume of coating and the mass of VOC-solvent added to coatings from company records on a monthly basis. If a common coating distribution system serves more than one affected facility or serves both affected and existing facilities, the owner or operator shall estimate the volume of coating used at each affected facility by using the average dry weight of coating and the surface area coated by each affected and existing facility or by other procedures acceptable to the Administrator.
(i) Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's consumed per unit volume of coating solids applied during each calendar month for each affected facility, except as provided under paragraph (c)(1)(iv) of this section. The weighted average of the total mass of VOC's used per unit volume of coating solids applied each calendar month is determined by the following procedures.
(A) Calculate the mass of VOC's used (Mo + Md) during each calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(B) Calculate the total volume of coating solids used (L s ) in each calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(C) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's used per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(ii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of VOC emissions to the atmosphere (N) during the calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:
(iii) Where the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's discharged to the atmosphere per unit volume of coating solids applied (N) is equal to or less than 0.28 kg/ l , the affected facility is in compliance.
(iv) If each individual coating used by an affected facility has a VOC content, as received, that is equal to or less than 0.28 kg/ l of coating solids, the affected facility is in compliance provided no VOC's are added to the coatings during distribution or application.
(2) An owner or operator shall use the following procedures for each affected facility that continuously uses a capture system and a control device that destroys VOC's (e.g., incinerator) to comply with the emission limit specified under § 60.462(a) (2) or (3).
(i) Determine the overall reduction efficiency (R) for the capture system and control device.
(A) Determine the fraction (F) of total VOC's emitted by an affected facility that enters the control device using the following equation:
(B) Determine the destruction efficiency of the control device (E) using values of the volumetric flow rate of each of the gas streams and the VOC content (as carbon) of each of the gas streams in and out of the device by the following equation:
(C) Determine overall reduction efficiency (R) using the following equation:
(ii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) (A), (B), and (C) of this section.
(iii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of VOC emissions to the atmosphere (N) during each calendar month by the following equation:
(iv) If the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is less than or equal to 0.14 kg/ l of coating solids applied, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test.
(3) An owner or operator shall use the following procedure for each affected facility that uses a control device that recovers the VOC's (e.g., carbon adsorber) to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under § 60.462(a) (2) or (3).
(i) Calculate the total mass of VOC's consumed (M o + M d ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equation (1).
(ii) Calculate the total mass of VOC's recovered (M r ) during each calendar month using the following equation:
(iii) Calculate the overall reduction efficiency of the control device (R) for each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(iv) Calculate the total volume of coating solids consumed (L s ) and the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) (B) and (C) of this section.
(v) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere (N) for each calendar month for each affected facility using equation (8).
(vi) If the weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is less than or equal to 0.14 kg/ l of coating solids applied, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test.
(4) An owner or operator shall use the following procedures for each affected facility that intermittently uses a capture system and a control device to comply with the emission limit specified in § 60.462(a)(4).
(i) Calculate the total volume of coating solids applied without the control device in operation (L sn ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(ii) Calculate the total volume of coating solids applied with the control device in operation (L sc ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(iii) Calculate the mass of VOC's used without the control device in operation (M on + M dn ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(iv) Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's consumed per unit volume of coating solids applied without the control device in operation (G n ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(v) Calculate the mass of VOC's used with the control device in operation (M oc + M dc ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(vi) Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's used per unit volume of coating solids applied with the control device in operation (G c ) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(vii) Determine the overall reduction efficiency (R) for the capture system and control device using the procedures in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) (A), (B), and (C) or paragraphs (c)(3) (i), (ii), and (iii) of this section, whichever is applicable.
(viii) Calculate the volume-weighted average of VOC emissions to the atmosphere (N) during each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
(ix) Calculate the emission limit(s) for each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation:
or
(x) If the volume-weighted average mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is less than or equal to the calculated emission limit (S) for the calendar month, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test.
§ 60.464   Monitoring of emissions and operations.
(a) Where compliance with the numerical limit specified in § 60.462(a) (1) or (2) is achieved through the use of low VOC-content coatings without the use of emission control devices or through the use of higher VOC-content coatings in conjunction with emission control devices, the owner or operator shall compute and record the average VOC content of coatings applied during each calendar month for each affected facility, according to the equations provided in § 60.463.
(b) Where compliance with the limit specified in § 60.462(a)(4) is achieved through the intermittent use of emission control devices, the owner or operator shall compute and record for each affected facility the average VOC content of coatings applied during each calendar month according to the equations provided in § 60.463.
(c) If thermal incineration is used, each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, operate, and maintain a device that continuously records the combustion temperature of any effluent gases incinerated to achieve compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4). This device shall have an accuracy of ±2.5 °C. or ±0.75 percent of the temperature being measured expressed in degrees Celsius, whichever is greater. Each owner or operator shall also record all periods (during actual coating operations) in excess of 3 hours during which the average temperature in any thermal incinerator used to control emissions from an affected facility remains more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the temperature at which compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4) was demonstrated during the most recent measurement of incinerator efficiency required by § 60.8. The records required by § 60.7 shall identify each such occurrence and its duration. If catalytic incineration is used, the owner or operator shall install, calibrate, operate, and maintain a device to monitor and record continuously the gas temperature both upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed. This device shall have an accuracy of ±2.5 °C. or ±0.75 percent of the temperature being measured expressed in degrees Celsius, whichever is greater. During coating operations, the owner or operator shall record all periods in excess of 3 hours where the average difference between the temperature upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed remains below 80 percent of the temperature difference at which compliance was demonstrated during the most recent measurement of incinerator efficiency or when the inlet temperature falls more than 28 °C (50 °F) below the temperature at which compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4) was demonstrated during the most recent measurement of incinerator efficiency required by § 60.8. The records required by § 60.7 shall identify each such occurrence and its duration.
§ 60.465   Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
(a) Where compliance with the numerical limit specified in § 60.462(a) (1), (2), or (4) is achieved through the use of low VOC-content coatings without emission control devices or through the use of higher VOC-content coatings in conjunction with emission control devices, each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall include in the initial compliance report required by § 60.8 the weighted average of the VOC content of coatings used during a period of one calendar month for each affected facility. Where compliance with § 60.462(a)(4) is achieved through the intermittent use of a control device, reports shall include separate values of the weighted average VOC content of coatings used with and without the control device in operation.
(b) Where compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4) is achieved through the use of an emission control device that destroys VOC's, each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall include the following data in the initial compliance report required by § 60.8:
(1) The overall VOC destruction rate used to attain compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4) and the calculated emission limit used to attain compliance with § 60.462(a)(4); and
(2) The combustion temperature of the thermal incinerator or the gas temperature, both upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed, used to attain compliance with § 60.462(a)(2), (3), or (4).
(c) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit a written report to the Administrator every calendar quarter of each instance in which the volume-weighted average of the local mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) is greater than the limit specified under § 60.462. If no such instances have occurred during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the Administrator semiannually.
(d) The owner or operator of each affected facility shall also submit reports at the frequency specified in § 60.7(c) when the incinerator temperature drops as defined under § 60.464(c). If no such periods occur, the owner or operator shall state this in the report.
(e) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain at the source, for a period of at least 2 years, records of all data and calculations used to determine monthly VOC emissions from each affected facility and to determine the monthly emission limit, where applicable. Where compliance is achieved through the use of thermal incineration, each owner or operator shall maintain, at the source, daily records of the incinerator combustion temperature. If catalytic incineration is used, the owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the gas temperature, both upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed.
§ 60.466   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The reference methods in appendix A to this part, except as provided under § 60.8(b), shall be used to determine compliance with § 60.462 as follows:
(1) Method 24, or data provided by the formulator of the coating, shall be used for determining the VOC content of each coating as applied to the surface of the metal coil. In the event of a dispute, Method 24 shall be the reference method. When VOC content of waterborne coatings, determined by Method 24, is used to determine compliance of affected facilities, the results of the Method 24 analysis shall be adjusted as described in Section 12.6 of Method 24;
(2) Method 25, both for measuring the VOC concentration in each gas stream entering and leaving the control device on each stack equipped with an emission control device and for measuring the VOC concentration in each gas stream emitted directly to the atmosphere;
(3) Method 1 for sample and velocity traverses;
(4) Method 2 for velocity and volumetric flow rate;
(5) Method 3 for gas analysis; and
(6) Method 4 for stack gas moisture.
(b) For Method 24, the coating sample must be at least a 1-liter sample taken at a point where the sample will be representative of the coating as applied to the surface of the metal coil.
(c) For Method 25, the sampling time for each of three runs is to be at least 60 minutes, and the minimum sampling volume is to be at least 0.003 dscm (0.11 dscf); however, shorter sampling times or smaller volumes, when necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be approved by the Administrator.
(d) The Administrator will approve testing of representative stacks on a case-by-case basis if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administrator that testing of representative stacks yields results comparable to those that would be obtained by testing all stacks.
§ 60.470   Applicability and designation of affected facilities.
(a) The affected facilities to which this subpart applies are each saturator and each mineral handling and storage facility at asphalt roofing plants; and each asphalt storage tank and each blowing still at asphalt processing plants, petroleum refineries, and asphalt roofing plants.
(b) Any saturator or mineral handling and storage facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after November 18, 1980, is subject to the requirements of this subpart. Any asphalt storage tank or blowing still that processes and/or stores asphalt used for roofing only or for roofing and other purposes, and that commences construction or modification after November 18, 1980, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.471   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
Afterburner (A/B) means an exhaust gas incinerator used to control emissions of particulate matter.
Asphalt processing means the storage and blowing of asphalt.
Asphalt processing plant means a plant which blows asphalt for use in the manufacture of asphalt products.
Asphalt roofing plant means a plant which produces asphalt roofing products (shingles, roll roofing, siding, or saturated felt).
Asphalt storage tank means any tank used to store asphalt at asphalt roofing plants, petroleum refineries, and asphalt processing plants. Storage tanks containing cutback asphalts (asphalts diluted with solvents to reduce viscosity for low temperature applications) and emulsified asphalts (asphalts dispersed in water with an emulsifying agent) are not subject to this regulation.
Blowing still means the equipment in which air is blown through asphalt flux to change the softening point and penetration rate.
Catalyst means a substance which, when added to asphalt flux in a blowing still, alters the penetrating-softening point relationship or increases the rate of oxidation of the flux.
Coating blow means the process in which air is blown through hot asphalt flux to produce coating asphalt. The coating blow starts when the air is turned on and stops when the air is turned off.
Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) means an air pollution control device in which solid or liquid particulates in a gas stream are charged as they pass through an electric field and precipitated on a collection suface.
High velocity air filter (HVAF) means an air pollution control filtration device for the removal of sticky, oily, or liquid aerosol particulate matter from exhaust gas streams.
Mineral handling and storage facility means the areas in asphalt roofing plants in which minerals are unloaded from a carrier, the conveyor transfer points between the carrier and the storage silos, and the storage silos.
Saturator means the equipment in which asphalt is applied to felt to make asphalt roofing products. The term saturator includes the saturator, wet looper, and coater.
§ 60.472   Standards for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which § 60.8(b) requires a performance test to be completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any saturator:
(1) Particulate matter in excess of:
(i) 0.04 kg/Mg (0.08 lb/ton) of asphalt shingle or mineral-surfaced roll roofing produced, or
(ii) 0.4 kg/Mg (0.8 lb/ton) of saturated felt or smooth-surfaced roll roofing produced;
(2) Exhaust gases with opacity greater than 20 percent; and
(3) Any visible emissions from a saturator capture system for more than 20 percent of any period of consecutive valid observations totaling 60 minutes. Saturators that were constructed before November 18, 1980, and that have not been reconstructed since that date and that become subject to these standards through modification are exempt from the visible emissions standard. Saturators that have been newly constructed or reconstructed since November 18, 1980 are subject to the visible emissions standard.
(b) On and after the date on which § 60.8(b) requires a performance test to be completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any blowing still:
(1) Particulate matter in excess of 0.67 kg/Mg (1.3 lb/ton) of asphalt charged to the still when a catalyst is added to the still; and
(2) Particulate matter in excess of 0.71 kg/Mg (1.4 lb/ton) of asphalt charged to the still when a catalyst is added to the still and when No. 6 fuel oil is fired in the afterburner; and
(3) Particulate matter in excess of 0.60 kg/Mg (1.2 lb/ton) of asphalt charged to the still during blowing without a catalyst; and
(4) Particulate matter in excess of 0.64 kg/Mg (1.3 lb/ton) of asphalt charged to the still during blowing without a catalyst and when No. 6 fuel oil is fired in the afterburner; and
(5) Exhaust gases with an opacity greater than 0 percent unless an opacity limit for the blowing still when fuel oil is used to fire the afterburner has been established by the Administrator in accordance with the procedures in § 60.474(g).
(c) Within 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of such facility, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any asphalt storage tank exhaust gases with opacity greater than 0 percent, except for one consecutive 15-minute period in any 24-hour period when the transfer lines are being blown for clearing. The control device shall not be bypassed during this 15-minute period. If, however, the emissions from any asphalt storage tank(s) are ducted to a control device for a saturator, the combined emissions shall meet the emission limit contained in paragraph (a) of this section during the time the saturator control device is operating. At any other time the asphalt storage tank(s) must meet the opacity limit specified above for storage tanks.
(d) Within 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial startup of such facility, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any mineral handling and storage facility emissions with opacity greater than 1 percent.
§ 60.473   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart, and using either an electrostatic precipitator or a high velocity air filter to meet the emission limit in § 60.472(a)(1) and/or (b)(1) shall continuously monitor and record the temperature of the gas at the inlet of the control device. The temperature monitoring instrument shall have an accuracy of ±15 °C (±25 °F) over its range.
(b) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart and using an afterburner to meet the emission limit in § 60.472(a)(1) and/or (b)(1) shall continuously monitor and record the temperature in the combustion zone of the afterburner. The monitoring instrument shall have an accuracy of ±10 °C (±18 °F) over its range.
(c) An owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart and using a control device not mentioned in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section shall provide to the Administrator information describing the operation of the control device and the process parameter(s) which would indicate proper operation and maintenance of the device. The Administrator may require continuous monitoring and will determine the process parameters to be monitored.
(d) The industry is exempted from the quarterly reports required under § 60.7(c). The owner/operator is required to record and report the operating temperature of the control device during the performance test and, as required by § 60.7(d), maintain a file of the temperature monitoring results for at least two years.
§ 60.474   Test methods and procedures.
(a) For saturators, the owner or operator shall conduct performance tests required in § 60.8 as follows:
(1) If the final product is shingle or mineral-surfaced roll roofing, the tests shall be conducted while 106.6-kg (235-lb) shingle is being produced.
(2) If the final product is saturated felt or smooth-surfaced roll roofing, the tests shall be conducted while 6.8-kg (15-lb) felt is being produced.
(3) If the final product is fiberglass shingle, the test shall be conducted while a nominal 100-kg (220-lb) shingle is being produced.
(b) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in § 60.472 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 5A shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c s ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sd ) of the effluent gas. For a saturator, the sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 120 minutes and 3.00 dscm (106 dscf), and for the blowing still, at least 90 minutes or the duration of the coating blow or non-coating blow, whichever is greater, and 2.25 dscm (79.4 dscf).
(3) For the saturator, the asphalt roofing production rate (P) for each run shall be determined as follows: The amount of asphalt roofing produced on the shingle or saturated felt process lines shall be obtained by direct measurement. The asphalt roofing production rate is the amount produced divided by the time taken for the run.
(4) For the blowing still, the asphalt charging rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The volume (V) of asphalt charged shall be measured by any means accurate to within 10 percent.
(ii) The density (d) of the asphalt shall be computed using the following equation:
(5) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
(d) The Administrator will determine compliance with the standards in § 60.472(a)(3) by using Method 22, modified so that readings are recorded every 15 seconds for a period of consecutive observations during representative conditions (in accordance with § 60.8(c)) totaling 60 minutes. A performance test shall consist of one run.
(e) The owner or operator shall use the monitoring device in § 60.473 (a) or (b) to monitor and record continuously the temperature during the particulate matter run and shall report the results to the Administrator with the performance test results.
(f) If at a later date the owner or operator believes that the emission limits in § 60.472(a) and (b) are being met even though one of the conditions listed in this paragraph exist, he may submit a written request to the Administrator to repeat the performance test and procedure outlined in paragraph (c) of this section.
(1) The temperature measured in accordance with § 60.473(a) is exceeding that measured during the performance test.
(2) The temperature measured in accordance with § 60.473(b) is lower than that measured during the performance test.
(g) If fuel oil is to be used to fire an afterburner used to control emissions from a blowing still, the owner or operator may petition the Administrator in accordance with § 60.11(e) of the General Provisions to establish an opacity standard for the blowing still that will be the opacity standard when fuel oil is used to fire the afterburner. To obtain this opacity standard, the owner or operator must request the Administrator to determine opacity during an initial, or subsequent, performance test when fuel oil is used to fire the afterburner. Upon receipt of the results of the performance test, the Administrator will make a finding concerning compliance with the mass standard for the blowing still. If the Administrator finds that the facility was in compliance with the mass standard during the performance test but failed to meet the zero opacity standard, the Administrator will establish and promulgate in the Federal Register an opacity standard for the blowing still that will be the opacity standard when fuel oil is used to fire the afterburner. When the afterburner is fired with natural gas, the zero percent opacity remains the applicable opacity standard.
§ 60.480   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a)(1) The provisions of this subpart apply to affected facilities in the synthetic organic chemicals manufacturing industry.
(2) The group of all equipment (defined in § 60.481) within a process unit is an affected facility.
(b) Any affected facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction, reconstruction, or modification after January 5, 1981, and on or before November 7, 2006, shall be subject to the requirements of this subpart.
(c) Addition or replacement of equipment for the purpose of process improvement which is accomplished without a capital expenditure shall not by itself be considered a modification under this subpart.
(d)(1) If an owner or operator applies for one or more of the exemptions in this paragraph, then the owner or operator shall maintain records as required in § 60.486(i).
(2) Any affected facility that has the design capacity to produce less than 1,000 Mg/yr (1,102 ton/yr) of a chemical listed in § 60.489 is exempt from §§ 60.482-1 through 60.482-10.
(3) If an affected facility produces heavy liquid chemicals only from heavy liquid feed or raw materials, then it is exempt from §§ 60.482-1 through 60.482-10.
(4) Any affected facility that produces beverage alcohol is exempt from §§ 60.482-1 through 60.482-10.
(5) Any affected facility that has no equipment in volatile organic compounds (VOC) service is exempt from §§ 60.482-1 through 60.482-10.
(e) Alternative means of compliance —(1) Option to comply with part 65. (i) Owners or operators may choose to comply with the provisions of 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, to satisfy the requirements of §§ 60.482 through 60.487 for an affected facility. When choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, the requirements of §§ 60.485(d), (e), and (f) and 60.486(i) and (j) still apply. Other provisions applying to an owner or operator who chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1.
(ii) Part 60, subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F must also comply with §§ 60.1, 60.2, 60.5, 60.6, 60.7(a)(1) and (4), 60.14, 60.15, and 60.16 for that equipment. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in this paragraph (e)(1)(ii) do not apply to owners and operators of equipment subject to this subpart complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 still apply. Owners and operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.
(2) Subpart VVa. Owners or operators may choose to comply with the provisions of subpart VVa of this part 60 to satisfy the requirements of this subpart VV for an affected facility.
(f) Overlap with other regulations for flares. Owners and operators of flares that are subject to the flare related requirements of this subpart and flare related requirements of any other regulation in this part or 40 CFR 61 or 63, may elect to comply with the requirements in § 60.619a, § 60.669a, or § 60.709a, in lieu of all flare related requirements in any other regulation in this part or 40 CFR part 61 or 63.