Title 40—Protection of Environment--Volume 1
PART 97—FEDERAL NOX BUDGET TRADING PROGRAM, CAIR NOX AND SO2 TRADING PROGRAMS, CSAPR NOX AND SO2 TRADING PROGRAMS, AND TEXAS SO2 TRADING PROGRAM
§ 97.202   Definitions.
The terms used in this subpart and subparts BBB through III shall have the meanings set forth in this section as follows:
Account number means the identification number given by the Administrator to each CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account.
Acid Rain emissions limitation means a limitation on emissions of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides under the Acid Rain Program.
Acid Rain Program means a multi-state sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator under title IV of the CAA and parts 72 through 78 of this chapter.
Administrator means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or the Administrator's duly authorized representative.
Allocate or allocation means, with regard to CAIR SO 2 allowances issued under the Acid Rain Program, the determination by the Administrator of the amount of such CAIR SO 2 allowances to be initially credited to a CAIR SO 2 unit or other entity and, with regard to CAIR SO 2 allowances issued under § 97.288 or provisions of a State implementation plan that are approved under § 51.124(o)(1) or (2) or (r) of this chapter, the determination by a permitting authority of the amount of such CAIR SO 2 allowances to be initially credited to a CAIR SO 2 unit or other entity.
Allowance transfer deadline means, for a control period, midnight of March 1 (if it is a business day), or midnight of the first business day thereafter (if March 1 is not a business day), immediately following the control period and is the deadline by which a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer must be submitted for recordation in a CAIR SO 2 source's compliance account in order to be used to meet the source's CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for such control period in accordance with § 97.254.
Alternate CAIR designated representative means, for a CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source, the natural person who is authorized by the owners and operators of the source and all such units at the source, in accordance with subparts BBB and III of this part, to act on behalf of the CAIR designated representative in matters pertaining to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also a CAIR NO X source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also subject to the Acid Rain Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate designated representative under the Acid Rain Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also subject to the Hg Budget Trading Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate Hg designated representative under the Hg Budget Trading Program.
Automated data acquisition and handling system or DAHS means that component of the continuous emission monitoring system, or other emissions monitoring system approved for use under subpart HHH of this part, designed to interpret and convert individual output signals from pollutant concentration monitors, flow monitors, diluent gas monitors, and other component parts of the monitoring system to produce a continuous record of the measured parameters in the measurement units required by subpart HHH of this part.
Biomass means—
(1) Any organic material grown for the purpose of being converted to energy;
(2) Any organic byproduct of agriculture that can be converted into energy; or
(3) Any material that can be converted into energy and is nonmerchantable for other purposes, that is segregated from other nonmerchantable material, and that is;
(i) A forest-related organic resource, including mill residues, precommercial thinnings, slash, brush, or byproduct from conversion of trees to merchantable material; or
(ii) A wood material, including pallets, crates, dunnage, manufacturing and construction materials (other than pressure-treated, chemically-treated, or painted wood products), and landscape or right-of-way tree trimmings.
Boiler means an enclosed fossil- or other-fuel-fired combustion device used to produce heat and to transfer heat to recirculating water, steam, or other medium.
Bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit means a cogeneration unit in which the energy input to the unit is first used to produce useful thermal energy and at least some of the reject heat from the useful thermal energy application or process is then used for electricity production.
CAIR authorized account representative means, with regard to a general account, a responsible natural person who is authorized, in accordance with subparts BBB, FFF, and III of this part, to transfer and otherwise dispose of CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account and, with regard to a compliance account, the CAIR designated representative of the source.
CAIR designated representative means, for a CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source, the natural person who is authorized by the owners and operators of the source and all such units at the source, in accordance with subparts BBB and III of this part, to represent and legally bind each owner and operator in matters pertaining to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also a CAIR NO X source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also subject to the Acid Rain Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the designated representative under the Acid Rain Program. If the CAIR SO 2 source is also subject to the Hg Budget Trading Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the Hg designated representative under the Hg Budget Trading Program.
CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program means a multi-state nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AA through II of this part and § 51.123(p) and 52.35 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AA through II of part 96 of this chapter and § 51.123(o)(1) or (2) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of fine particulates and nitrogen oxides.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season source means a source that is subject to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program means a multi-state nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAAA through IIII of this part and § 51.123(ee) and 52.35 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAAA through IIII of part 96 and § 51.123(aa)(1) or (2) (and (bb)(1)), (bb)(2), or (dd) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of ozone and nitrogen oxides.
CAIR NO X source means a source that is subject to the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program.
CAIR permit means the legally binding and federally enforceable written document, or portion of such document, issued by the permitting authority under subpart CCC of this part, including any permit revisions, specifying the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program requirements applicable to a CAIR SO 2 source, to each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source, and to the owners and operators and the CAIR designated representative of the source and each such unit.
CAIR SO 2 allowance means a limited authorization issued by the Administrator under the Acid Rain Program, by a permitting authority under § 97.288, or by a permitting authority under provisions of a State implementation plan that are approved under § 51.124(o)(1) or (2) or (r) of this chapter, to emit sulfur dioxide during the control period of the specified calendar year for which the authorization is allocated or of any calendar year thereafter under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program as follows:
(1) For one CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for a control period in a year before 2010, one ton of sulfur dioxide, except as provided in § 97.254(b);
(2) For one CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for a control period in 2010 through 2014, 0.50 ton of sulfur dioxide, except as provided in § 97.254(b); and
(3) For one CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for a control period in 2015 or later, 0.35 ton of sulfur dioxide, except as provided in § 97.254(b).
(4) An authorization to emit sulfur dioxide that is not issued under the Acid Rain Program, § 97.288, or provisions of a State implementation plan that are approved under § 51.124(o)(1) or (2) or (r) of this chapter shall not be a CAIR SO 2 allowance.
CAIR SO 2 allowance deduction or deduct CAIR SO 2 allowances means the permanent withdrawal of CAIR SO 2 allowances by the Administrator from a compliance account, e.g., in order to account for a specified number of tons of total sulfur dioxide emissions from all CAIR SO 2 units at a CAIR SO 2 source for a control period, determined in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, or to account for excess emissions.
CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System means the system by which the Administrator records allocations, deductions, and transfers of CAIR SO 2 allowances under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. This is the same system as the Allowance Tracking System under § 72.2 of this chapter by which the Administrator records allocations, deduction, and transfers of Acid Rain SO 2 allowances under the Acid Rain Program.
CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account means an account in the CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System established by the Administrator for purposes of recording the allocation, holding, transferring, or deducting of CAIR SO 2 allowances. Such allowances will be allocated, held, deducted, or transferred only as whole allowances.
CAIR SO 2 allowances held or hold CAIR SO 2 allowances means the CAIR SO 2 allowances recorded by the Administrator, or submitted to the Administrator for recordation, in accordance with subparts FFF, GGG, and III of this part or part 73 of this chapter, in a CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account.
CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation means, for a CAIR SO 2 source, the tonnage equivalent, in SO 2 emissions in a control period, of the CAIR SO 2 allowances available for deduction for the source under § 97.254(a) and (b) for the control period.
CAIR SO 2 source means a source that includes one or more CAIR SO 2 units.
CAIR SO 2 Trading Program means a multi-state sulfur dioxide air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAA through III of this part and §§ 51.124(r) and 52.36 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAA through III of part 96 of this chapter and § 51.124(o) (1) or (2) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of fine particulates and sulfur dioxide.
CAIR SO 2 unit means a unit that is subject to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.204 and, except for purposes of § 97.205, a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under subpart III of this part.
Certifying official means:
(1) For a corporation, a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president or the corporation in charge of a principal business function or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation;
(2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship, a general partner or the proprietor respectively; or
(3) For a local government entity or State, Federal, or other public agency, a principal executive officer or ranking elected official.
Clean Air Act or CAA means the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
Coal means any solid fuel classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite.
Coal-derived fuel means any fuel (whether in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state) produced by the mechanical, thermal, or chemical processing of coal.
Coal-fired means combusting any amount of coal or coal-derived fuel, alone, or in combination with any amount of any other fuel.
Cogeneration unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine:
(1) Having equipment used to produce electricity and useful thermal energy for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes through the sequential use of energy; and
(2) Producing during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and during any calendar year after the calendar year in which the unit first produces electricity—
(i) For a topping-cycle cogeneration unit,
(A) Useful thermal energy not less than 5 percent of total energy output; and
(B) Useful power that, when added to one-half of useful thermal energy produced, is not less then 42.5 percent of total energy input, if useful thermal energy produced is 15 percent or more of total energy output, or not less than 45 percent of total energy input, if useful thermal energy produced is less than 15 percent of total energy output.
(ii) For a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, useful power not less than 45 percent of total energy input;
(3) Provided that the total energy input under paragraphs (2)(i)(B) and (2)(ii) of this definition shall equal the unit's total energy input from all fuel except biomass if the unit is a boiler.
Combustion turbine means:
(1) An enclosed device comprising a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine and in which the flue gas resulting from the combustion of fuel in the combustor passes through the turbine, rotating the turbine; and
(2) If the enclosed device under paragraph (1) of this definition is combined cycle, any associated duct burner, heat recovery steam generator, and steam turbine.
Commence commercial operation means, with regard to a unit:
(1) To have begun to produce steam, gas, or other heated medium used to generate electricity for sale or use, including test generation, except as provided in § 97.205 and § 97.284(h).
(i) For a unit that is a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition and that subsequently undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source), such date shall remain the date of commencement of commercial operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit that is a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition and that is subsequently replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered), such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of commercial operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition as appropriate.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this definition and except as provided in § 97.205, for a unit that is not a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, the unit's date for commencement of commercial operation shall be the date on which the unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204.
(i) For a unit with a date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that subsequently undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source), such date shall remain the date of commencement of commercial operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit with a date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that is subsequently replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered), such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of commercial operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition as appropriate.
Commence operation means:
(1) To have begun any mechanical, chemical, or electronic process, including, with regard to a unit, start-up of a unit's combustion chamber, except as provided in § 97.284(h).
(2) For a unit that undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source) after the date the unit commences operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, such date shall remain the date of commencement of operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(3) For a unit that is replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered) after the date the unit commences operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of operation as defined in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition as appropriate, except as provided in § 97.284(h).
Common stack means a single flue through which emissions from 2 or more units are exhausted.
Compliance account means a CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account, established by the Administrator for a CAIR SO 2 source subject to an Acid Rain emissions limitations under § 73.31(a) or (b) of this chapter or for any other CAIR SO 2 source under subpart FFF or III of this part, in which any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocations for the CAIR SO 2 units at the source are initially recorded and in which are held any CAIR SO 2 allowances available for use for a control period in order to meet the source's CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation in accordance with § 97.254.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required under subpart HHH of this part to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of sulfur dioxide emissions, stack gas volumetric flow rate, stack gas moisture content, and oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration (as applicable), in a manner consistent with part 75 of this chapter. The following systems are the principal types of continuous emission monitoring systems required under subpart HHH of this part:
(1) A flow monitoring system, consisting of a stack flow rate monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic feet per hour (scfh);
(2) A sulfur dioxide monitoring system, consisting of a SO 2 pollutant concentration monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of SO 2 emissions, in parts per million (ppm);
(3) A moisture monitoring system, as defined in § 75.11(b)(2) of this chapter and providing a permanent, continuous record of the stack gas moisture content, in percent H 2 O;
(4) A carbon dioxide monitoring system, consisting of a CO 2 pollutant concentration monitor (or an oxygen monitor plus suitable mathematical equations from which the CO 2 concentration is derived) and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of CO 2 emissions, in percent CO 2 ; and
(5) An oxygen monitoring system, consisting of an O 2 concentration monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of O 2 in percent O 2 .
Control period means the period beginning January 1 of a calendar year, except as provided in § 97.206(c)(2), and ending on December 31 of the same year, inclusive.
Emissions means air pollutants exhausted from a unit or source into the atmosphere, as measured, recorded, and reported to the Administrator by the CAIR designated representative and as determined by the Administrator in accordance with subpart HHH of this part.
Excess emissions means any ton, or portion of a ton, of sulfur dioxide emitted by the CAIR SO 2 units at a CAIR SO 2 source during a control period that exceeds the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for the source, provided that any portion of a ton of excess emissions shall be treated as one ton of excess emissions.
Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, or any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such material.
Fossil-fuel-fired means, with regard to a unit, combusting any amount of fossil fuel in any calendar year.
General account means a CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account, established under subpart FFF of this part, that is not a compliance account.
Generator means a device that produces electricity.
Heat input means, with regard to a specified period of time, the product (in mmBtu/time) of the gross calorific value of the fuel (in Btu/lb) divided by 1,000,000 Btu/mmBtu and multiplied by the fuel feed rate into a combustion device (in lb of fuel/time), as measured, recorded, and reported to the Administrator by the CAIR designated representative and determined by the Administrator in accordance with subpart HHH of this part and excluding the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust from other sources.
Heat input rate means the amount of heat input (in mmBtu) divided by unit operating time (in hr) or, with regard to a specific fuel, the amount of heat input attributed to the fuel (in mmBtu) divided by the unit operating time (in hr) during which the unit combusts the fuel.
Hg Budget Trading Program means a multi-state Hg air pollution control and emission reduction program approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance subpart HHHH of part 60 of this chapter and § 60.24(h)(6), or established by the Administrator under section 111 of the Clean Air Act, as a means of reducing national Hg emissions.
Life-of-the-unit, firm power contractual arrangement means a unit participation power sales agreement under which a utility or industrial customer reserves, or is entitled to receive, a specified amount or percentage of nameplate capacity and associated energy generated by any specified unit and pays its proportional amount of such unit's total costs, pursuant to a contract:
(1) For the life of the unit;
(2) For a cumulative term of no less than 30 years, including contracts that permit an election for early termination; or
(3) For a period no less than 25 years or 70 percent of the economic useful life of the unit determined as of the time the unit is built, with option rights to purchase or release some portion of the nameplate capacity and associated energy generated by the unit at the end of the period.
Maximum design heat input means the maximum amount of fuel per hour (in Btu/hr) that a unit is capable of combusting on a steady state basis as of the initial installation of the unit as specified by the manufacturer of the unit.
Monitoring system means any monitoring system that meets the requirements of subpart HHH of this part, including a continuous emissions monitoring system, an alternative monitoring system, or an excepted monitoring system under part 75 of this chapter.
Most stringent State or Federal SO 2 emissions limitation means, with regard to a unit, the lowest SO 2 emissions limitation (in terms of lb/mmBtu) that is applicable to the unit under State or Federal law, regardless of the averaging period to which the emissions limitation applies.
Nameplate capacity means, starting from the initial installation of a generator, the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings) as of such installation as specified by the manufacturer of the generator or, starting from the completion of any subsequent physical change in the generator resulting in an increase in the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings), such increased maximum amount as of such completion as specified by the person conducting the physical change.
Operator means any person who operates, controls, or supervises a CAIR SO 2 unit or a CAIR SO 2 source and shall include, but not be limited to, any holding company, utility system, or plant manager of such a unit or source.
Owner means any of the following persons:
(1) With regard to a CAIR SO 2 source or a CAIR SO 2 unit at a source, respectively:
(i) Any holder of any portion of the legal or equitable title in a CAIR SO 2 unit at the source or the CAIR SO 2 unit;
(ii) Any holder of a leasehold interest in a CAIR SO 2 unit at the source or the CAIR SO 2 unit; or
(iii) Any purchaser of power from a CAIR SO 2 unit at the source or the CAIR SO 2 unit under a life-of-the-unit, firm power contractual arrangement; provided that, unless expressly provided for in a leasehold agreement, owner shall not include a passive lessor, or a person who has an equitable interest through such lessor, whose rental payments are not based (either directly or indirectly) on the revenues or income from such CAIR SO 2 unit; or
(2) With regard to any general account, any person who has an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account and who is subject to the binding agreement for the CAIR authorized account representative to represent the person's ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances.
Permitting authority means the State air pollution control agency, local agency, other State agency, or other agency authorized by the Administrator to issue or revise permits to meet the requirements of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program or, if no such agency has been so authorized, the Administrator.
Potential electrical output capacity means 33 percent of a unit's maximum design heat input, divided by 3,413 Btu/kWh, divided by 1,000 kWh/MWh, and multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr.
Receive or receipt of means, when referring to the permitting authority or the Administrator, to come into possession of a document, information, or correspondence (whether sent in hard copy or by authorized electronic transmission), as indicated in an official log, or by a notation made on the document, information, or correspondence, by the permitting authority or the Administrator in the regular course of business.
Recordation , record , or recorded means, with regard to CAIR SO 2 allowances, the movement of CAIR SO 2 allowances by the Administrator into or between CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System accounts, for purposes of allocation, transfer, or deduction.
Reference method means any direct test method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant as specified in § 75.22 of this chapter.
Replacement , replace , or replaced means, with regard to a unit, the demolishing of a unit, or the permanent shutdown and permanent disabling of a unit, and the construction of another unit (the replacement unit) to be used instead of the demolished or shutdown unit (the replaced unit).
Repowered means, with regard to a unit, replacement of a coal-fired boiler with one of the following coal-fired technologies at the same source as the coal-fired boiler:
(1) Atmospheric or pressurized fluidized bed combustion;
(2) Integrated gasification combined cycle;
(3) Magnetohydrodynamics;
(4) Direct and indirect coal-fired turbines;
(5) Integrated gasification fuel cells; or
(6) As determined by the Administrator in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, a derivative of one or more of the technologies under paragraphs (1) through (5) of this definition and any other coal-fired technology capable of controlling multiple combustion emissions simultaneously with improved boiler or generation efficiency and with significantly greater waste reduction relative to the performance of technology in widespread commercial use as of January 1, 2005.
Sequential use of energy means:
(1) For a topping-cycle cogeneration unit, the use of reject heat from electricity production in a useful thermal energy application or process; or
(2) For a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, the use of reject heat from useful thermal energy application or process in electricity production.
Serial number means, for a CAIR SO 2 allowance, the unique identification number assigned to each CAIR SO 2 allowance by the Administrator.
Solid waste incineration unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine that is a “solid waste incineration unit” as defined in section 129(g)(1) of the Clean Air Act.
Source means all buildings, structures, or installations located in one or more contiguous or adjacent properties under common control of the same person or persons. For purposes of section 502(c) of the Clean Air Act, a “source,” including a “source” with multiple units, shall be considered a single “facility.”
State means one of the States or the District of Columbia that is subject to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program pursuant to § 52.35 of this chapter.
Submit or serve means to send or transmit a document, information, or correspondence to the person specified in accordance with the applicable regulation:
(1) In person;
(2) By United States Postal Service; or
(3) By other means of dispatch or transmission and delivery. Compliance with any “submission” or “service” deadline shall be determined by the date of dispatch, transmission, or mailing and not the date of receipt.
Title V operating permit means a permit issued under title V of the Clean Air Act and part 70 or part 71 of this chapter.
Title V operating permit regulations means the regulations that the Administrator has approved or issued as meeting the requirements of title V of the Clean Air Act and part 70 or 71 of this chapter.
Ton means 2,000 pounds. For the purpose of determining compliance with the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation, total tons of sulfur dioxide emissions for a control period shall be calculated as the sum of all recorded hourly emissions (or the mass equivalent of the recorded hourly emission rates) in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, but with any remaining fraction of a ton equal to or greater than 0.50 tons deemed to equal one ton and any remaining fraction of a ton less than 0.50 tons deemed to equal zero tons.
Topping-cycle cogeneration unit means a cogeneration unit in which the energy input to the unit is first used to produce useful power, including electricity, and at least some of the reject heat from the electricity production is then used to provide useful thermal energy.
Total energy input means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, total energy of all forms supplied to the cogeneration unit, excluding energy produced by the cogeneration unit itself. Each form of energy supplied shall be measured by the lower heating value of that form of energy calculated as follows:
Total energy output means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, the sum of useful power and useful thermal energy produced by the cogeneration unit.
Unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or combustion turbine or other stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion device. Unit operating day means a calendar day in which a unit combusts any fuel.
Unit operating hour or hour of unit operation means an hour in which a unit combusts any fuel.
Useful power means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, electricity or mechanical energy made available for use, excluding any such energy used in the power production process (which process includes, but is not limited to, any on-site processing or treatment of fuel combusted at the unit and any on-site emission controls).
Useful thermal energy means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, thermal energy that is:
(1) Made available to an industrial or commercial process (not a power production process), excluding any heat contained in condensate return or makeup water;
(2) Used in a heating application ( e.g., space heating or domestic hot water heating); or
(3) Used in a space cooling application ( i.e., thermal energy used by an absorption chiller).
Utility power distribution system means the portion of an electricity grid owned or operated by a utility and dedicated to delivering electricity to customers.
§ 97.203   Measurements, abbreviations, and acronyms.
Measurements, abbreviations, and acronyms used in this subpart and subparts BBB through III are defined as follows:
§ 97.204   Applicability.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section:
(1) The following units in a State shall be CAIR SO 2 units, and any source that includes one or more such units shall be a CAIR SO 2 source, subject to the requirements of this subpart and subparts BBB through HHH of this part: any stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine serving at any time, since the later of November 15, 1990 or the start-up of the unit's combustion chamber, a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe producing electricity for sale.
(2) If a stationary boiler or stationary combustion turbine that, under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, is not a CAIR SO 2 unit begins to combust fossil fuel or to serve a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe producing electricity for sale, the unit shall become a CAIR SO 2 unit as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section on the first date on which it both combusts fossil fuel and serves such generator.
(b) The units in a State that meet the requirements set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), or (b)(2)(ii) of this section shall not be CAIR SO 2 units:
(1)(i) Any unit that is a CAIR SO 2 unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section:
(A) Qualifying as a cogeneration unit during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and continuing to qualify as a cogeneration unit; and
(B) Not serving at any time, since the later of November 15, 1990 or the start-up of the unit's combustion chamber, a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe supplying in any calendar year more than one-third of the unit's potential electric output capacity or 219,000 MWh, whichever is greater, to any utility power distribution system for sale.
(ii) If a unit qualifies as a cogeneration unit during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and meets the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1)(i) of this section for at least one calendar year, but subsequently no longer meets all such requirements, the unit shall become a CAIR SO 2 unit starting on the earlier of January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit first no longer qualifies as a cogeneration unit or January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit no longer meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section.
(2)(i) Any unit that is a CAIR SO 2 unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section commencing operation before January 1, 1985:
(A) Qualifying as a solid waste incineration unit; and
(B) With an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for 1985-1987 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis) and an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for any 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis).
(ii) Any unit that is a CAIR SO 2 unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section commencing operation on or after January 1, 1985:
(A) Qualifying as a solid waste incineration unit; and
(B) With an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for the first 3 calendar years of operation exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis) and an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for any 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis).
(iii) If a unit qualifies as a solid waste incineration unit and meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section for at least 3 consecutive calendar years, but subsequently no longer meets all such requirements, the unit shall become a CAIR SO 2 unit starting on the earlier of January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit first no longer qualifies as a solid waste incineration unit or January 1 after the first 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 for which the unit has an average annual fuel consumption of fossil fuel of 20 percent or more.
(c) A certifying official of an owner or operator of any unit may petition the Administrator at any time for a determination concerning the applicability, under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program to the unit.
(1) Petition content. The petition shall be in writing and include the identification of the unit and the relevant facts about the unit. The petition and any other documents provided to the Administrator in connection with the petition shall include the following certification statement, signed by the certifying official: “I am authorized to make this submission on behalf of the owners and operators of the unit for which the submission is made. I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined, and am familiar with, the statements and information submitted in this document and all its attachments. Based on my inquiry of those individuals with primary responsibility for obtaining the information, I certify that the statements and information are to the best of my knowledge and belief true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false statements and information or omitting required statements and information, including the possibility of fine or imprisonment.”
(2) Submission. The petition and any other documents provided in connection with the petition shall be submitted to the Director of the Clean Air Markets Division (or its successor), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, who will act on the petition as the Administrator's duly authorized representative.
(3) Response. The Administrator will issue a written response to the petition and may request supplemental information relevant to such petition. The Administrator's determination concerning the applicability, under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program to the unit shall be binding on the permitting authority unless the petition or other information or documents provided in connection with the petition are found to have contained significant, relevant errors or omissions.
§ 97.205   Retired unit exemption.
(a)(1) Any CAIR SO 2 unit that is permanently retired and is not a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under subpart III of this part shall be exempt from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, except for the provisions of this section, §§ 97.202, 97.203, 97.204, 97.206(c)(4) through (7), 97.207, 97.208, and subparts BBB, FFF, and GGG of this part.
(2) The exemption under paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall become effective the day on which the CAIR SO 2 unit is permanently retired. Within 30 days of the unit's permanent retirement, the CAIR designated representative shall submit a statement to the permitting authority otherwise responsible for administering any CAIR permit for the unit and shall submit a copy of the statement to the Administrator. The statement shall state, in a format prescribed by the permitting authority, that the unit was permanently retired on a specific date and will comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
(3) After receipt of the statement under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the permitting authority will amend any permit under subpart CCC of this part covering the source at which the unit is located to add the provisions and requirements of the exemption under paragraphs (a)(1) and (b) of this section.
(b) Special provisions. (1) A unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall not emit any sulfur dioxide, starting on the date that the exemption takes effect.
(2) For a period of 5 years from the date the records are created, the owners and operators of a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall retain, at the source that includes the unit, records demonstrating that the unit is permanently retired. The 5-year period for keeping records may be extended for cause, at any time before the end of the period, in writing by the permitting authority or the Administrator. The owners and operators bear the burden of proof that the unit is permanently retired.
(3) The owners and operators and, to the extent applicable, the CAIR designated representative of a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall comply with the requirements of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program concerning all periods for which the exemption is not in effect, even if such requirements arise, or must be complied with, after the exemption takes effect.
(4) A unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section and located at a source that is required, or but for this exemption would be required, to have a title V operating permit shall not resume operation unless the CAIR designated representative of the source submits a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222 for the unit not less than 18 months (or such lesser time provided by the permitting authority) before the later of January 1, 2010 or the date on which the unit resumes operation.
(5) On the earlier of the following dates, a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall lose its exemption:
(i) The date on which the CAIR designated representative submits a CAIR permit application for the unit under paragraph (b)(4) of this section;
(ii) The date on which the CAIR designated representative is required under paragraph (b)(4) of this section to submit a CAIR permit application for the unit; or
(iii) The date on which the unit resumes operation, if the CAIR designated representative is not required to submit a CAIR permit application for the unit.
(6) For the purpose of applying monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements under subpart HHH of this part, a unit that loses its exemption under paragraph (a) of this section shall be treated as a unit that commences commercial operation on the first date on which the unit resumes operation.
§ 97.206   Standard requirements.
(a) Permit requirements. (1) The CAIR designated representative of each CAIR SO 2 source required to have a title V operating permit and each CAIR SO 2 unit required to have a title V operating permit at the source shall:
(i) Submit to the permitting authority a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222 in accordance with the deadlines specified in § 97.221; and
(ii) Submit in a timely manner any supplemental information that the permitting authority determines is necessary in order to review a CAIR permit application and issue or deny a CAIR permit.
(2) The owners and operators of each CAIR SO 2 source required to have a title V operating permit and each CAIR SO 2 unit required to have a title V operating permit at the source shall have a CAIR permit issued by the permitting authority under subpart CCC of this part for the source and operate the source and the unit in compliance with such CAIR permit.
(3) Except as provided in subpart III of this part, the owners and operators of a CAIR SO 2 source that is not otherwise required to have a title V operating permit and each CAIR SO 2 unit that is not otherwise required to have a title V operating permit are not required to submit a CAIR permit application, and to have a CAIR permit, under subpart CCC of this part for such CAIR SO 2 source and such CAIR SO 2 unit.
(b) Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements. (1) The owners and operators, and the CAIR designated representative, of each CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall comply with the monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements of subpart HHH of this part.
(2) The emissions measurements recorded and reported in accordance with subpart HHH of this part shall be used to determine compliance by each CAIR SO 2 source with the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation under paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Sulfur dioxide emission requirements. (1) As of the allowance transfer deadline for a control period, the owners and operators of each CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall hold, in the source's compliance account, a tonnage equivalent in CAIR SO 2 allowances available for compliance deductions for the control period, as determined in accordance with § 97.254(a) and (b), not less than the tons of total sulfur dioxide emissions for the control period from all CAIR SO 2 units at the source, as determined in accordance with subpart HHH of this part.
(2) A CAIR SO 2 unit shall be subject to the requirements under paragraph (c)(1) of this section for the control period starting on the later of January 1, 2010 or the deadline for meeting the unit(s monitor certification requirements under § 97.270(b)(1),(2), or (5) and for each control period thereafter.
(3) A CAIR SO 2 allowance shall not be deducted, for compliance with the requirements under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, for a control period in a calendar year before the year for which the CAIR SO 2 allowance was allocated.
(4) CAIR SO 2 allowances shall be held in, deducted from, or transferred into or among CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System accounts in accordance with subparts FFF, GGG, and III of this part.
(5) A CAIR SO 2 allowance is a limited authorization to emit sulfur dioxide in accordance with the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. No provision of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, the CAIR permit application, the CAIR permit, or an exemption under § 97.205 and no provision of law shall be construed to limit the authority of the United States to terminate or limit such authorization.
(6) A CAIR SO 2 allowance does not constitute a property right.
(7) Upon recordation by the Administrator under subpart FFF, GGG, or III of this part, every allocation, transfer, or deduction of a CAIR SO 2 allowance to or from a CAIR SO 2 source's compliance account is incorporated automatically in any CAIR permit of the source.
(d) Excess emissions requirements. If a CAIR SO 2 source emits sulfur dioxide during any control period in excess of the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation, then:
(1) The owners and operators of the source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall surrender the CAIR SO 2 allowances required for deduction under § 97.254(d)(1) and pay any fine, penalty, or assessment or comply with any other remedy imposed, for the same violations, under the Clean Air Act or applicable State law; and
(2) Each ton of such excess emissions and each day of such control period shall constitute a separate violation of this subpart, the Clean Air Act, and applicable State law.
(e) Recordkeeping and reporting requirements. (1) Unless otherwise provided, the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall keep on site at the source each of the following documents for a period of 5 years from the date the document is created. This period may be extended for cause, at any time before the end of 5 years, in writing by the permitting authority or the Administrator.
(i) The certificate of representation under § 97.213 for the CAIR designated representative for the source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source and all documents that demonstrate the truth of the statements in the certificate of representation; provided that the certificate and documents shall be retained on site at the source beyond such 5-year period until such documents are superseded because of the submission of a new certificate of representation under § 97.213 changing the CAIR designated representative.
(ii) All emissions monitoring information, in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, provided that to the extent that subpart HHH of this part provides for a 3-year period for recordkeeping, the 3-year period shall apply.
(iii) Copies of all reports, compliance certifications, and other submissions and all records made or required under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(iv) Copies of all documents used to complete a CAIR permit application and any other submission under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program or to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(2) The CAIR designated representative of a CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall submit the reports required under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, including those under subpart HHH of this part.
(f) Liability. (1) Each CAIR SO 2 source and each CAIR SO 2 unit shall meet the requirements of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(2) Any provision of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program that applies to a CAIR SO 2 source or the CAIR designated representative of a CAIR SO 2 source shall also apply to the owners and operators of such source and of the CAIR SO 2 units at the source.
(3) Any provision of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program that applies to a CAIR SO 2 unit or the CAIR designated representative of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall also apply to the owners and operators of such unit.
(g) Effect on other authorities. No provision of the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, a CAIR permit application, a CAIR permit, or an exemption under § 97.205 shall be construed as exempting or excluding the owners and operators, and the CAIR designated representative, of a CAIR SO 2 source or CAIR SO 2 unit from compliance with any other provision of the applicable, approved State implementation plan, a federally enforceable permit, or the Clean Air Act.
§ 97.207   Computation of time.
(a) Unless otherwise stated, any time period scheduled, under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, to begin on the occurrence of an act or event shall begin on the day the act or event occurs.
(b) Unless otherwise stated, any time period scheduled, under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, to begin before the occurrence of an act or event shall be computed so that the period ends the day before the act or event occurs.
(c) Unless otherwise stated, if the final day of any time period, under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, falls on a weekend or a State or Federal holiday, the time period shall be extended to the next business day.
§ 97.208   Appeal procedures.
The appeal procedures for decisions of the Administrator under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program are set forth in part 78 of this chapter.
§ 97.210   Authorization and responsibilities of CAIR designated representative.
(a) Except as provided under § 97.211, each CAIR SO 2 source, including all CAIR SO 2 units at the source, shall have one and only one CAIR designated representative, with regard to all matters under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program concerning the source or any CAIR SO 2 unit at the source.
(b) The CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 source shall be selected by an agreement binding on the owners and operators of the source and all CAIR SO 2 units at the source and shall act in accordance with the certification statement in § 97.213(a)(4)(iv).
(c) Upon receipt by the Administrator of a complete certificate of representation under § 97.213, the CAIR designated representative of the source shall represent and, by his or her representations, actions, inactions, or submissions, legally bind each owner and operator of the CAIR SO 2 source represented and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source in all matters pertaining to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, notwithstanding any agreement between the CAIR designated representative and such owners and operators. The owners and operators shall be bound by any decision or order issued to the CAIR designated representative by the permitting authority, the Administrator, or a court regarding the source or unit.
(d) No CAIR permit will be issued, no emissions data reports will be accepted, and no CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account will be established for a CAIR SO 2 unit at a source, until the Administrator has received a complete certificate of representation under § 97.213 for a CAIR designated representative of the source and the CAIR SO 2 units at the source.
(e)(1) Each submission under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program shall be submitted, signed, and certified by the CAIR designated representative for each CAIR SO 2 source on behalf of which the submission is made. Each such submission shall include the following certification statement by the CAIR designated representative: “I am authorized to make this submission on behalf of the owners and operators of the source or units for which the submission is made. I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined, and am familiar with, the statements and information submitted in this document and all its attachments. Based on my inquiry of those individuals with primary responsibility for obtaining the information, I certify that the statements and information are to the best of my knowledge and belief true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false statements and information or omitting required statements and information, including the possibility of fine or imprisonment.”
(2) The permitting authority and the Administrator will accept or act on a submission made on behalf of owner or operators of a CAIR SO 2 source or a CAIR SO 2 unit only if the submission has been made, signed, and certified in accordance with paragraph (e)(1) of this section.
§ 97.211   Alternate CAIR designated representative.
(a) A certificate of representation under § 97.213 may designate one and only one alternate CAIR designated representative, who may act on behalf of the CAIR designated representative. The agreement by which the alternate CAIR designated representative is selected shall include a procedure for authorizing the alternate CAIR designated representative to act in lieu of the CAIR designated representative.
(b) Upon receipt by the Administrator of a complete certificate of representation under § 97.213, any representation, action, inaction, or submission by the alternate CAIR designated representative shall be deemed to be a representation, action, inaction, or submission by the CAIR designated representative.
(c) Except in this section and §§ 97.202, 97.210(a) and (d), 97.212, 97.213, 97.215, 97.251 and 97.282, whenever the term “CAIR designated representative” is used in subparts AAA through III of this part, the term shall be construed to include the CAIR designated representative or any alternate CAIR designated representative.
§ 97.212   Changing CAIR designated representative and alternate CAIR designated representative; changes in owners and operators.
(a) Changing CAIR designated representative. The CAIR designated representative may be changed at any time upon receipt by the Administrator of a superseding complete certificate of representation under § 97.213. Notwithstanding any such change, all representations, actions, inactions, and submissions by the previous CAIR designated representative before the time and date when the Administrator receives the superseding certificate of representation shall be binding on the new CAIR designated representative and the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 source and the CAIR SO 2 units at the source.
(b) Changing alternate CAIR designated representative. The alternate CAIR designated representative may be changed at any time upon receipt by the Administrator of a superseding complete certificate of representation under § 97.213. Notwithstanding any such change, all representations, actions, inactions, and submissions by the previous alternate CAIR designated representative before the time and date when the Administrator receives the superseding certificate of representation shall be binding on the new alternate CAIR designated representative and the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 source and the CAIR SO 2 units at the source.
(c) Changes in owners and operators. (1) In the event an owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 source or a CAIR SO 2 unit is not included in the list of owners and operators in the certificate of representation under § 97.213, such owner or operator shall be deemed to be subject to and bound by the certificate of representation, the representations, actions, inactions, and submissions of the CAIR designated representative and any alternate CAIR designated representative of the source or unit, and the decisions and orders of the permitting authority, the Administrator, or a court, as if the owner or operator were included in such list.
(2) Within 30 days following any change in the owners and operators of a CAIR SO 2 source or a CAIR SO 2 unit, including the addition of a new owner or operator, the CAIR designated representative or any alternate CAIR designated representative shall submit a revision to the certificate of representation under § 97.213 amending the list of owners and operators to include the change.
§ 97.213   Certificate of representation.
(a) A complete certificate of representation for a CAIR designated representative or an alternate CAIR designated representative shall include the following elements in a format prescribed by the Administrator:
(1) Identification of the CAIR SO 2 source, and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source, for which the certificate of representation is submitted, including identification and nameplate capacity of each generator served by each such unit.
(2) The name, address, e-mail address (if any), telephone number, and facsimile transmission number (if any) of the CAIR designated representative and any alternate CAIR designated representative.
(3) A list of the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 source and of each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source.
(4) The following certification statements by the CAIR designated representative and any alternate CAIR designated representative—
(i) “I certify that I was selected as the CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative, as applicable, by an agreement binding on the owners and operators of the source and each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source.”
(ii) “I certify that I have all the necessary authority to carry out my duties and responsibilities under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program on behalf of the owners and operators of the source and of each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source and that each such owner and operator shall be fully bound by my representations, actions, inactions, or submissions.”
(iii) “I certify that the owners and operators of the source and of each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source shall be bound by any order issued to me by the Administrator, the permitting authority, or a court regarding the source or unit.”
(iv) “Where there are multiple holders of a legal or equitable title to, or a leasehold interest in, a CAIR SO 2 unit, or where a utility or industrial customer purchases power from a CAIR SO 2 unit under a life-of-the-unit, firm power contractual arrangement, I certify that: I have given a written notice of my selection as the ‘CAIR designated representative’ or ‘alternate CAIR designated representative’, as applicable, and of the agreement by which I was selected to each owner and operator of the source and of each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source; and CAIR SO 2 allowances and proceeds of transactions involving CAIR SO 2 allowances will be deemed to be held or distributed in proportion to each holder's legal, equitable, leasehold, or contractual reservation or entitlement, except that, if such multiple holders have expressly provided for a different distribution of CAIR SO 2 allowances by contract, CAIR SO 2 allowances and proceeds of transactions involving CAIR SO 2 allowances will be deemed to be held or distributed in accordance with the contract.”
(5) The signature of the CAIR designated representative and any alternate CAIR designated representative and the dates signed.
(b) Unless otherwise required by the permitting authority or the Administrator, documents of agreement referred to in the certificate of representation shall not be submitted to the permitting authority or the Administrator. Neither the permitting authority nor the Administrator shall be under any obligation to review or evaluate the sufficiency of such documents, if submitted.
§ 97.214   Objections concerning CAIR designated representative.
(a) Once a complete certificate of representation under § 97.213 has been submitted and received, the permitting authority and the Administrator will rely on the certificate of representation unless and until a superseding complete certificate of representation under § 97.213 is received by the Administrator.
(b) Except as provided in § 97.212(a) or (b), no objection or other communication submitted to the permitting authority or the Administrator concerning the authorization, or any representation, action, inaction, or submission, of the CAIR designated representative shall affect any representation, action, inaction, or submission of the CAIR designated representative or the finality of any decision or order by the permitting authority or the Administrator under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(c) Neither the permitting authority nor the Administrator will adjudicate any private legal dispute concerning the authorization or any representation, action, inaction, or submission of any CAIR designated representative, including private legal disputes concerning the proceeds of CAIR SO 2 allowance transfers.
§ 97.215   Delegation by CAIR designated representative and alternate CAIR designated representative.
(a) A CAIR designated representative may delegate, to one or more natural persons, his or her authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator provided for or required under this part.
(b) An alternate CAIR designated representative may delegate, to one or more natural persons, his or her authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator provided for or required under this part.
(c) In order to delegate authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator in accordance with paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, the CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative, as appropriate, must submit to the Administrator a notice of delegation, in a format prescribed by the Administrator, that includes the following elements:
(1) The name, address, e-mail address, telephone number, and facsimile transmission number (if any) of such CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative;
(2) The name, address, e-mail address, telephone number, and facsimile transmission number (if any) of each such natural person (referred to as an “agent”);
(3) For each such natural person, a list of the type or types of electronic submissions under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section for which authority is delegated to him or her; and
(4) The following certification statements by such CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative:
(i) “I agree that any electronic submission to the Administrator that is by an agent identified in this notice of delegation and of a type listed for such agent in this notice of delegation and that is made when I am a CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative, as appropriate, and before this notice of delegation is superseded by another notice of delegation under 40 CFR 97.215(d) shall be deemed to be an electronic submission by me.”
(ii) “Until this notice of delegation is superseded by another notice of delegation under 40 CFR 97.215(d), I agree to maintain an e-mail account and to notify the Administrator immediately of any change in my e-mail address unless all delegation of authority by me under 40 CFR 97.215 is terminated.”.
(d) A notice of delegation submitted under paragraph (c) of this section shall be effective, with regard to the CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative identified in such notice, upon receipt of such notice by the Administrator and until receipt by the Administrator of a superseding notice of delegation submitted by such CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative, as appropriate. The superseding notice of delegation may replace any previously identified agent, add a new agent, or eliminate entirely any delegation of authority.
(e) Any electronic submission covered by the certification in paragraph (c)(4)(i) of this section and made in accordance with a notice of delegation effective under paragraph (d) of this section shall be deemed to be an electronic submission by the CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative submitting such notice of delegation.
§ 97.220   General CAIR SO2Trading Program permit requirements.
(a) For each CAIR SO 2 source required to have a title V operating permit or required, under subpart III of this part, to have a title V operating permit or other federally enforceable permit, such permit shall include a CAIR permit administered by the permitting authority for the title V operating permit or the federally enforceable permit as applicable. The CAIR portion of the title V permit or other federally enforceable permit as applicable shall be administered in accordance with the permitting authority's title V operating permits regulations promulgated under part 70 or 71 of this chapter or the permitting authority's regulations for other federally enforceable permits as applicable, except as provided otherwise by § 97.205, this subpart, and subpart III of this part.
(b) Each CAIR permit shall contain, with regard to the CAIR SO 2 source and the CAIR SO 2 units at the source covered by the CAIR permit, all applicable CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program, and CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program requirements and shall be a complete and separable portion of the title V operating permit or other federally enforceable permit under paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 97.221   Submission of CAIR permit applications.
(a) Duty to apply. The CAIR designated representative of any CAIR SO 2 source required to have a title V operating permit shall submit to the permitting authority a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222 for the source covering each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source at least 18 months (or such lesser time provided by the permitting authority) before the later of January 1, 2010 or the date on which the CAIR SO 2 unit commences commercial operation, except as provided in § 97.283(a).
(b) Duty to reapply. For a CAIR SO 2 source required to have a title V operating permit, the CAIR designated representative shall submit a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222 for the source covering each CAIR SO 2 unit at the source to renew the CAIR permit in accordance with the permitting authority's title V operating permits regulations addressing permit renewal, except as provided in § 97.283(b).
§ 97.222   Information requirements for CAIR permit applications.
A complete CAIR permit application shall include the following elements concerning the CAIR SO 2 source for which the application is submitted, in a format prescribed by the permitting authority:
(a) Identification of the CAIR SO 2 source;
(b) Identification of each CAIR SO 2 unit at the CAIR SO 2 source; and
(c) The standard requirements under § 97.206.
§ 97.223   CAIR permit contents and term.
(a) Each CAIR permit will contain, in a format prescribed by the permitting authority, all lements required for a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222.
(b) Each CAIR permit is deemed to incorporate automatically the definitions of terms under § 97.202 and, upon recordation by the Administrator under subpart FFF, GGG, or III of this part, every allocation, transfer, or deduction of a CAIR SO 2 allowance to or from the compliance account of the CAIR SO 2 source covered by the permit.
(c) The term of the CAIR permit will be set by the permitting authority, as necessary to facilitate coordination of the renewal of the CAIR permit with issuance, revision, or renewal of the CAIR SO 2 source's title V operating permit or other federally enforceable permit as applicable.
§ 97.224   CAIR permit revisions.
Except as provided in § 97.223(b), the permitting authority will revise the CAIR permit, as necessary, in accordance with the permitting authority's title V operating permits regulations or the permitting authority's regulations for other federally enforceable permits as applicable addressing permit revisions.
§ 97.250   [Reserved]
§ 97.251   Establishment of accounts.
(a) Compliance accounts. Except as provided in § 97.284(e), upon receipt of a complete certificate of representation under § 97.213, the Administrator will establish a compliance account for the CAIR SO 2 source for which the certificate of representation was submitted, unless the source already has a compliance account.
(b) General accounts —(1) Application for general account. (i) Any person may apply to open a general account for the purpose of holding and transferring CAIR SO 2 allowances. An application for a general account may designate one and only one CAIR authorized account representative and one and only one alternate CAIR authorized account representative who may act on behalf of the CAIR authorized account representative. The agreement by which the alternate CAIR authorized account representative is selected shall include a procedure for authorizing the alternate CAIR authorized account representative to act in lieu of the CAIR authorized account representative.
(ii) A complete application for a general account shall be submitted to the Administrator and shall include the following elements in a format prescribed by the Administrator:
(A) Name, mailing address, e-mail address (if any), telephone number, and facsimile transmission number (if any) of the CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative;
(B) Organization name and type of organization, if applicable;
(C) A list of all persons subject to a binding agreement for the CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative to represent their ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account;
(D) The following certification statement by the CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative: “I certify that I was selected as the CAIR authorized account representative or the alternate CAIR authorized account representative, as applicable, by an agreement that is binding on all persons who have an ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account. I certify that I have all the necessary authority to carry out my duties and responsibilities under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program on behalf of such persons and that each such person shall be fully bound by my representations, actions, inactions, or submissions and by any order or decision issued to me by the Administrator or a court regarding the general account.”
(E) The signature of the CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative and the dates signed.
(iii) Unless otherwise required by the permitting authority or the Administrator, documents of agreement referred to in the application for a general account shall not be submitted to the permitting authority or the Administrator. Neither the permitting authority nor the Administrator shall be under any obligation to review or evaluate the sufficiency of such documents, if submitted.
(2) Authorization of CAIR authorized account representative and alternate CAIR authorized account representative. (i) Upon receipt by the Administrator of a complete application for a general account under paragraph (b)(1) of this section:
(A) The Administrator will establish a general account for the person or persons for whom the application is submitted.
(B) The CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative for the general account shall represent and, by his or her representations, actions, inactions, or submissions, legally bind each person who has an ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account in all matters pertaining to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, notwithstanding any agreement between the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative and such person. Any such person shall be bound by any order or decision issued to the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative by the Administrator or a court regarding the general account.
(C) Any representation, action, inaction, or submission by any alternate CAIR authorized account representative shall be deemed to be a representation, action, inaction, or submission by the CAIR authorized account representative.
(ii) Each submission concerning the general account shall be submitted, signed, and certified by the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative for the persons having an ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account. Each such submission shall include the following certification statement by the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative: “I am authorized to make this submission on behalf of the persons having an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances held in the general account. I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined, and am familiar with, the statements and information submitted in this document and all its attachments. Based on my inquiry of those individuals with primary responsibility for obtaining the information, I certify that the statements and information are to the best of my knowledge and belief true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false statements and information or omitting required statements and information, including the possibility of fine or imprisonment.”
(iii) The Administrator will accept or act on a submission concerning the general account only if the submission has been made, signed, and certified in accordance with paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(3) Changing CAIR authorized account representative and alternate CAIR authorized account representative; changes in persons with ownership interest. (i) The CAIR authorized account representative for a general account may be changed at any time upon receipt by the Administrator of a superseding complete application for a general account under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. Notwithstanding any such change, all representations, actions, inactions, and submissions by the previous CAIR authorized account representative before the time and date when the Administrator receives the superseding application for a general account shall be binding on the new CAIR authorized account representative and the persons with an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances in the general account.
(ii) The alternate CAIR authorized account representative for a general account may be changed at any time upon receipt by the Administrator of a superseding complete application for a general account under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. Notwithstanding any such change, all representations, actions, inactions, and submissions by the previous alternate CAIR authorized account representative before the time and date when the Administrator receives the superseding application for a general account shall be binding on the new alternate CAIR authorized account representative and the persons with an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances in the general account.
(iii)(A) In the event a person having an ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances in the general account is not included in the list of such persons in the application for a general account, such person shall be deemed to be subject to and bound by the application for a general account, the representation, actions, inactions, and submissions of the CAIR authorized account representative and any alternate CAIR authorized account representative of the account, and the decisions and orders of the Administrator or a court, as if the person were included in such list.
(B) Within 30 days following any change in the persons having an ownership interest with respect to CAIR SO 2 allowances in the general account, including the addition of a new person, the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative shall submit a revision to the application for a general account amending the list of persons having an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR SO 2 allowances in the general account to include the change.
(4) Objections concerning CAIR authorized account representative and alternate CAIR authorized account representative. (i) Once a complete application for a general account under paragraph (b)(1) of this section has been submitted and received, the Administrator will rely on the application unless and until a superseding complete application for a general account under paragraph (b)(1) of this section is received by the Administrator.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section, no objection or other communication submitted to the Administrator concerning the authorization, or any representation, action, inaction, or submission of the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative for a general account shall affect any representation, action, inaction, or submission of the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative or the finality of any decision or order by the Administrator under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(iii) The Administrator will not adjudicate any private legal dispute concerning the authorization or any representation, action, inaction, or submission of the CAIR authorized account representative or any alternate CAIR authorized account representative for a general account, including private legal disputes concerning the proceeds of CAIR SO 2 allowance transfers.
(5) Delegation by CAIR authorized account representative and alternate CAIR authorized account representative. (i) A CAIR authorized account representative may delegate, to one or more natural persons, his or her authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator provided for or required under subparts FFF and GGG of this part.
(ii) An alternate CAIR authorized account representative may delegate, to one or more natural persons, his or her authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator provided for or required under subparts FFF and GGG of this part.
(iii) In order to delegate authority to make an electronic submission to the Administrator in accordance with paragraph (b)(5)(i) or (ii) of this section, the CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative, as appropriate, must submit to the Administrator a notice of delegation, in a format prescribed by the Administrator, that includes the following elements:
(A) The name, address, e-mail address, telephone number, and facsimile transmission number (if any) of such CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative;
(B) The name, address, e-mail address, telephone number, and, facsimile transmission number (if any) of each such natural person (referred to as an “agent”);
(C) For each such natural person, a list of the type or types of electronic submissions under paragraph (b)(5)(i) or (ii) of this section for which authority is delegated to him or her;
(D) The following certification statement by such CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative: “I agree that any electronic submission to the Administrator that is by an agent identified in this notice of delegation and of a type listed for such agent in this notice of delegation and that is made when I am a CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized representative, as appropriate, and before this notice of delegation is superseded by another notice of delegation under 40 CFR 97.251(b)(5)(iv) shall be deemed to be an electronic submission by me.”; and
(E) The following certification statement by such CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative: “Until this notice of delegation is superseded by another notice of delegation under 40 CFR 97.251 (b)(5)(iv), I agree to maintain an e-mail account and to notify the Administrator immediately of any change in my e-mail address, unless all delegation of authority by me under 40 CFR 97.251 (b)(5) is terminated.”.
(iv) A notice of delegation submitted under paragraph (b)(5)(iii) of this section shall be effective, with regard to the CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative identified in such notice, upon receipt of such notice by the Administrator and until receipt by the Administrator of a superseding notice of delegation submitted by such CAIR authorized account representative or alternate CAIR authorized account representative, as appropriate. The superseding notice of delegation may replace any previously identified agent, add a new agent, or eliminate entirely any delegation of authority.
(v) Any electronic submission covered by the certification in paragraph (b)(5)(iii)(D) of this section and made in accordance with a notice of delegation effective under paragraph (b)(5)(iv) of this section shall be deemed to be an electronic submission by the CAIR designated representative or alternate CAIR designated representative submitting such notice of delegation.
(c) Account identification. The Administrator will assign a unique identifying number to each account established under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
§ 97.252   Responsibilities of CAIR authorized account representative.
Following the establishment of a CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account, all submissions to the Administrator pertaining to the account, including, but not limited to, submissions concerning the deduction or transfer of CAIR SO 2 allowances in the account, shall be made only by the CAIR authorized account representative for the account.
§ 97.253   Recordation of CAIR SO2allowances.
(a)(1) After a compliance account is established under § 97.251(a) or § 73.31(a) or (b) of this chapter, the Administrator will record in the compliance account any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated to any CAIR SO 2 unit at the source for each of the 30 years starting the later of 2010 or the year in which the compliance account is established and any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for each of the 30 years starting the later of 2010 or the year in which the compliance account is established and transferred to the source in accordance with subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter.
(2) In 2011 and each year thereafter, after Administrator has completed all deductions under § 97.254(b), the Administrator will record in the compliance account any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated to any CAIR SO 2 unit at the source for the new 30th year ( i.e., the year that is 30 years after the calendar year for which such deductions are or could be made) and any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for the new 30th year and transferred to the source in accordance with subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter.
(b)(1) After a general account is established under § 97.251(b) or § 73.31(c) of this chapter, the Administrator will record in the general account any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for each of the 30 years starting the later of 2010 or the year in which the general account is established and transferred to the general account in accordance with subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter.
(2) In 2011 and each year thereafter, after Administrator has completed all deductions under § 97.254(b), the Administrator will record in the general account any CAIR SO 2 allowance allocated for the new 30th year ( i.e., the year that is 30 years after the calendar year for which such deductions are or could be made) and transferred to the general account in accordance with subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter.
(c) Serial numbers for allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances. When recording the allocation of CAIR SO 2 allowances issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288, the Administrator will assign each such CAIR SO 2 allowance a unique identification number that will include digits identifying the year of the control period for which the CAIR SO 2 allowance is allocated.
§ 97.254   Compliance with CAIR SO2emissions limitation.
(a) Allowance transfer deadline. The CAIR SO 2 allowances are available to be deducted for compliance with a source's CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for a control period in a given calendar year only if the CAIR SO 2 allowances:
(1) Were allocated for the control period in the year or a prior year; and
(2) Are held in the compliance account as of the allowance transfer deadline for the control period or are transferred into the compliance account by a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer correctly submitted for recordation under §§ 97.260 and 97.261 by the allowance transfer deadline for the control period.
(b) Deductions for compliance. Following the recordation, in accordance with § 97.261, of CAIR SO 2 allowance transfers submitted for recordation in a source's compliance account by the allowance transfer deadline for a control period, the Administrator will deduct from the compliance account CAIR SO 2 allowances available under paragraph (a) of this section in order to determine whether the source meets the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for the control period as follows:
(1) For a CAIR SO 2 source subject to an Acid Rain emissions limitation, the Administrator will, in the following order:
(i) Deduct the amount of CAIR SO 2 allowances, available under paragraph (a) of this section and not issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288, that is required under §§ 73.35(b) and (c) of this part. If there are sufficient CAIR SO 2 allowances to complete this deduction, the deduction will be treated as satisfying the requirements of §§ 73.35(b) and (c) of this chapter.
(ii) Deduct the amount of CAIR SO 2 allowances, not issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288, that is required under §§ 73.35(d) and 77.5 of this part. If there are sufficient CAIR SO 2 allowances to complete this deduction, the deduction will be treated as satisfying the requirements of §§ 73.35(d) and 77.5 of this chapter.
(iii) Treating the CAIR SO 2 allowances deducted under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section as also being deducted under this paragraph (b)(1)(iii), deduct CAIR SO 2 allowances available under paragraph (a) of this section (including any issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288) in order to determine whether the source meets the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for the control period, as follows:
(A) Until the tonnage equivalent of the CAIR SO 2 allowances deducted equals, or exceeds in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section, the number of tons of total sulfur dioxide emissions, determined in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, from all CAIR SO 2 units at the source for the control period; or
(B) If there are insufficient CAIR SO 2 allowances to complete the deductions in paragraph (b)(1)(iii)(A) of this section, until no more CAIR SO 2 allowances available under paragraph (a) of this section (including any issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288) remain in the compliance account.
(2) For a CAIR SO 2 source not subject to an Acid Rain emissions limitation, the Administrator will deduct CAIR SO 2 allowances available under paragraph (a) of this section (including any issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288) in order to determine whether the source meets the CAIR SO 2 emissions limitation for the control period, as follows:
(i) Until the tonnage equivalent of the CAIR SO 2 allowances deducted equals, or exceeds in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section, the number of tons of total sulfur dioxide emissions, determined in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, from all CAIR SO 2 units at the source for the control period; or
(ii) If there are insufficient CAIR SO 2 allowances to complete the deductions in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, until no more CAIR SO 2 allowances available under paragraph (a) of this section (including any issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288) remain in the compliance account.
(c)(1) Identification of CAIR SO 2 allowances by serial number. The CAIR authorized account representative for a source's compliance account may request that specific CAIR SO 2 allowances, identified by serial number, in the compliance account be deducted for emissions or excess emissions for a control period in accordance with paragraph (b) or (d) of this section. Such request shall be submitted to the Administrator by the allowance transfer deadline for the control period and include, in a format prescribed by the Administrator, the identification of the CAIR SO 2 source and the appropriate serial numbers.
(2) First-in, first-out. The Administrator will deduct CAIR SO 2 allowances under paragraph (b) or (d) of this section from the source's compliance account, in the absence of an identification or in the case of a partial identification of CAIR SO 2 allowances by serial number under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) accounting basis in the following order:
(i) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to the units at the source for a control period before 2010, in the order of recordation;
(ii) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to any entity for a control period before 2010 and transferred and recorded in the compliance account pursuant to subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter, in the order of recordation;
(iii) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to the units at the source for a control period during 2010 through 2014, in the order of recordation;
(iv) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to any entity for a control period during 2010 through 2014 and transferred and recorded in the compliance account pursuant to subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter, in the order of recordation;
(v) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to the units at the source for a control period in 2015 or later, in the order of recordation; and
(vi) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances that were allocated to any entity for a control period in 2015 or later and transferred and recorded in the compliance account pursuant to subpart GGG of this part or subpart D of part 73 of this chapter, in the order of recordation.
(d) Deductions for excess emissions. (1) After making the deductions for compliance under paragraph (b) of this section for a control period in a calendar year in which the CAIR SO 2 source has excess emissions, the Administrator will deduct from the source's compliance account the tonnage equivalent in CAIR SO 2 allowances, allocated for the control period in the immediately following calendar year (including any issued by a permitting authority under § 97.288), equal to, or exceeding in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section 3 times the following amount: the number of tons of the source's excess emissions minus, if the source is subject to an Acid Rain emissions limitation, the amount of the CAIR SO 2 allowances required to be deducted under paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(2) Any allowance deduction required under paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall not affect the liability of the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 source or the CAIR SO 2 units at the source for any fine, penalty, or assessment, or their obligation to comply with any other remedy, for the same violations, as ordered under the Clean Air Act or applicable State law.
(e) Recordation of deductions. The Administrator will record in the appropriate compliance account all deductions from such an account under paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section and subpart III.
(f) Administrator's action on submissions. (1) The Administrator may review and conduct independent audits concerning any submission under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program and make appropriate adjustments of the information in the submissions.
(2) The Administrator may deduct CAIR SO 2 allowances from or transfer CAIR SO 2 allowances to a source's compliance account based on the information in the submissions, as adjusted under paragraph (f)(1) of this section, and record such deductions and transfers.
§ 97.255   Banking.
(a) CAIR SO 2 allowances may be banked for future use or transfer in a compliance account or a general account in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.
(b) Any CAIR SO 2 allowance that is held in a compliance account or a general account will remain in such account unless and until the CAIR SO 2 allowance is deducted or transferred under § 97.254, § 97.256, or subpart GGG or III of this part.
§ 97.256   Account error.
The Administrator may, at his or her sole discretion and on his or her own motion, correct any error in any CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System account. Within 10 business days of making such correction, the Administrator will notify the CAIR authorized account representative for the account.
§ 97.257   Closing of general accounts.
(a) The CAIR authorized account representative of a general account may submit to the Administrator a request to close the account, which shall include a correctly submitted allowance transfer under §§ 97.260 and 97.261 for any CAIR SO 2 allowances in the account to one or more other CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System accounts.
(b) If a general account has no allowance transfers in or out of the account for a 12-month period or longer and does not contain any CAIR SO 2 allowances, the Administrator may notify the CAIR authorized account representative for the account that the account will be closed following 20 business days after the notice is sent. The account will be closed after the 20-day period unless, before the end of the 20-day period, the Administrator receives a correctly submitted transfer of CAIR SO 2 allowances into the account under §§ 97.260 and 97.261 or a statement submitted by the CAIR authorized account representative demonstrating to the satisfaction of the Administrator good cause as to why the account should not be closed.
§ 97.260   Submission of CAIR SO2allowance transfers.
(a) A CAIR authorized account representative seeking recordation of a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer shall submit the transfer to the Administrator. To be considered correctly submitted, the CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer shall include the following elements, in a format specified by the Administrator:
(1) The account numbers of both the transferor and transferee accounts;
(2) The serial number of each CAIR SO 2 allowance that is in the transferor account and is to be transferred; and
(3) The name and signature of the CAIR authorized account representatives of the transferor and transferee accounts and the dates signed.
(b)(1) The CAIR authorized account representative for the transferee account can meet the requirements in paragraph (a)(3) of this section by submitting, in a format prescribed by the Administrator, a statement signed by the CAIR authorized account representative and identifying each account into which any transfer of allowances, submitted on or after the date on which the Administrator receives such statement, is authorized. Such authorization shall be binding on any CAIR authorized account representative for such account and shall apply to all transfers into the account that are submitted on or after such date of receipt, unless and until the Administrator receives a statement signed by the CAIR authorized account representative retracting the authorization for the account.
(2) The statement under paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall include the following: “By this signature I authorize any transfer of allowances into each account listed herein, except that I do not waive any remedies under State or Federal law to obtain correction of any erroneous transfers into such accounts. This authorization shall be binding on any CAIR authorized account representative for such account unless and until a statement signed by the CAIR authorized account representative retracting this authorization for the account is received by the Administrator.”
§ 97.261   EPA recordation.
(a) Within 5 business days (except as necessary to perform a transfer in perpetuity of CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated to a CAIR SO 2 unit or as provided in paragraph (b) of this section) of receiving a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer, the Administrator will record a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer by moving each CAIR SO 2 allowance from the transferor account to the transferee account as specified by the request, provided that:
(1) The transfer is correctly submitted under § 97.260;
(2) The transferor account includes each CAIR SO 2 allowance identified by serial number in the transfer; and
(3) The transfer is in accordance with the limitation on transfer under § 74.42 of this chapter and § 74.47(c) of this chapter, as applicable.
(b) A CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer that is submitted for recordation after the allowance transfer deadline for a control period and that includes any CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated for any control period before such allowance transfer deadline will not be recorded until after the Administrator completes the deductions under § 97.254 for the control period immediately before such allowance transfer deadline.
(c) Where a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer submitted for recordation fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, the Administrator will not record such transfer.
§ 97.262   Notification.
(a) Notification of recordation. Within 5 business days of recordation of a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer under § 97.261, the Administrator will notify the CAIR authorized account representatives of both the transferor and transferee accounts.
(b) Notification of non-recordation. Within 10 business days of receipt of a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer that fails to meet the requirements of § 97.261(a), the Administrator will notify the CAIR authorized account representatives of both accounts subject to the transfer of:
(1) A decision not to record the transfer, and
(2) The reasons for such non-recordation.
(c) Nothing in this section shall preclude the submission of a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer for recordation following notification of non-recordation.
§ 97.270   General requirements.
The owners and operators, and to the extent applicable, the CAIR designated representative, of a CAIR SO 2 unit, shall comply with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements as provided in this subpart and in subparts F and G of part 75 of this chapter. For purposes of complying with such requirements, the definitions in § 97.202 and in § 72.2 of this chapter shall apply, and the terms “affected unit,” “designated representative,” and “continuous emission monitoring system” (or “CEMS”) in part 75 of this chapter shall be deemed to refer to the terms “CAIR SO 2 unit,” “CAIR designated representative,” and “continuous emission monitoring system” or (“CEMS”) respectively, as defined in § 97.202. The owner or operator of a unit that is not a CAIR SO 2 unit but that is monitored under § 75.16(b)(2) of this chapter shall comply with the same monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements as a CAIR SO 2 unit.
(a) Requirements for installation, certification, and data accounting. The owner or operator of each CAIR SO 2 unit shall:
(1) Install all monitoring systems required under this subpart for monitoring SO 2 mass emissions and individual unit heat input (including all systems required to monitor SO 2 concentration, stack gas moisture content, stack gas flow rate, CO 2 or O 2 concentration, and fuel flow rate, as applicable, in accordance with §§ 75.11 and 75.16 of this chapter);
(2) Successfully complete all certification tests required under § 97.271 and meet all other requirements of this subpart and part 75 of this chapter applicable to the monitoring systems under paragraph (a)(1) of this section; and
(3) Record, report, and quality-assure the data from the monitoring systems under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
(b) Compliance deadlines. Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall meet the monitoring system certification and other requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section on or before the following dates. The owner or operator shall record, report, and quality-assure the data from the monitoring systems under paragraph (a)(1) of this section on and after the following dates.
(1) For the owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit that commences commercial operation before July 1, 2008, by January 1, 2009.
(2) For the owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit that commences commercial operation on or after July 1, 2008, by the later of the following dates:
(i) January 1, 2009; or
(ii) 90 unit operating days or 180 calendar days, whichever occurs first, after the date on which the unit commences commercial operation.
(3) For the owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit for which construction of a new stack or flue or installation of add-on SO 2 emission controls is completed after the applicable deadline under paragraph (b)(1), (2), (4), or (5) of this section, by 90 unit operating days or 180 calendar days, whichever occurs first, after the date on which emissions first exit to the atmosphere through the new stack or flue or add-on SO 2 emissions controls.
(4) Notwithstanding the dates in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, for the owner or operator of a unit for which a CAIR opt-in permit application is submitted and not withdrawn and a CAIR opt-in permit is not yet issued or denied under subpart III of this part, by the date specified in § 97.284(b).
(5) Notwithstanding the dates in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, for the owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under subpart III of this part, by the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program as provided in § 97.284(g).
(c) Reporting data. The owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit that does not meet the applicable compliance date set forth in paragraph (b) of this section for any monitoring system under paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall, for each such monitoring system, determine, record, and report maximum potential (or, as appropriate, minimum potential) values for SO 2 concentration, stack gas flow rate, stack gas moisture content, fuel flow rate, and any other parameters required to determine SO 2 mass emissions and heat input in accordance with § 75.31(b)(2) or (c)(3) of this chapter or section 2.4 of appendix D to part 75 of this chapter, as applicable.
(d) Prohibitions. (1) No owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall use any alternative monitoring system, alternative reference method, or any other alternative to any requirement of this subpart without having obtained prior written approval in accordance with § 97.275.
(2) No owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall operate the unit so as to discharge, or allow to be discharged, SO 2 emissions to the atmosphere without accounting for all such emissions in accordance with the applicable provisions of this subpart and part 75 of this chapter.
(3) No owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall disrupt the continuous emission monitoring system, any portion thereof, or any other approved emission monitoring method, and thereby avoid monitoring and recording SO 2 mass emissions discharged into the atmosphere or heat input, except for periods of recertification or periods when calibration, quality assurance testing, or maintenance is performed in accordance with the applicable provisions of this subpart and part 75 of this chapter.
(4) No owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall retire or permanently discontinue use of the continuous emission monitoring system, any component thereof, or any other approved monitoring system under this subpart, except under any one of the following circumstances:
(i) During the period that the unit is covered by an exemption under § 97.205 that is in effect;
(ii) The owner or operator is monitoring emissions from the unit with another certified monitoring system approved, in accordance with the applicable provisions of this subpart and part 75 of this chapter, by the Administrator for use at that unit that provides emission data for the same pollutant or parameter as the retired or discontinued monitoring system; or
(iii) The CAIR designated representative submits notification of the date of certification testing of a replacement monitoring system for the retired or discontinued monitoring system in accordance with § 97.271(d)(3)(i).
(e) Long-term cold storage. The owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit is subject to the applicable provisions of part 75 of this chapter concerning units in long-term cold storage.
§ 97.271   Initial certification and recertification procedures.
(a) The owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall be exempt from the initial certification requirements of this section for a monitoring system under § 97.270(a)(1) if the following conditions are met:
(1) The monitoring system has been previously certified in accordance with part 75 of this chapter; and
(2) The applicable quality-assurance and quality-control requirements of § 75.21 of this chapter and appendix B and appendix D to part 75 of this chapter are fully met for the certified monitoring system described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
(b) The recertification provisions of this section shall apply to a monitoring system under § 97.270(a)(1) exempt from initial certification requirements under paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (a) of this section, the owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall comply with the following initial certification and recertification procedures, for a continuous monitoring system ( i.e., a continuous emission monitoring system and an excepted monitoring system under appendix D to part 75 of this chapter) under § 97.270(a)(1). The owner or operator of a unit that qualifies to use the low mass emissions excepted monitoring methodology under § 75.19 of this chapter or that qualifies to use an alternative monitoring system under subpart E of part 75 of this chapter shall comply with the procedures in paragraph (e) or (f) of this section respectively.
(1) Requirements for initial certification. The owner or operator shall ensure that each continuous monitoring system under § 97.270(a)(1) (including the automated data acquisition and handling system) successfully completes all of the initial certification testing required under § 75.20 of this chapter by the applicable deadline in § 97.270(b). In addition, whenever the owner or operator installs a monitoring system to meet the requirements of this subpart in a location where no such monitoring system was previously installed, initial certification in accordance with § 75.20 of this chapter is required.
(2) Requirements for recertification. Whenever the owner or operator makes a replacement, modification, or change in any certified continuous emission monitoring system under § 97.270(a)(1) that may significantly affect the ability of the system to accurately measure or record SO 2 mass emissions or heat input rate or to meet the quality-assurance and quality-control requirements of § 75.21 of this chapter or appendix B to part 75 of this chapter, the owner or operator shall recertify the monitoring system in accordance with § 75.20(b) of this chapter. Furthermore, whenever the owner or operator makes a replacement, modification, or change to the flue gas handling system or the unit's operation that may significantly change the stack flow or concentration profile, the owner or operator shall recertify each continuous emission monitoring system whose accuracy is potentially affected by the change, in accordance with § 75.20(b) of this chapter. Examples of changes to a continuous emission monitoring system that require recertification include: replacement of the analyzer, complete replacement of an existing continuous emission monitoring system, or change in location or orientation of the sampling probe or site. Any fuel flowmeter system under § 97.270(a)(1) is subject to the recertification requirements in § 75.20(g)(6) of this chapter.
(3) Approval process for initial certification and recertification. Paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section apply to both initial certification and recertification of a continuous monitoring system under § 97.270(a)(1). For recertifications, replace the words “certification” and “initial certification” with the word “recertification”, replace the word “certified” with the word “recertified,” and follow the procedures in §§ 75.20(b)(5) and (g)(7) of this chapter in lieu of the procedures in paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section.
(i) Notification of certification. The CAIR designated representative shall submit to the appropriate EPA Regional Office and the Administrator written notice of the dates of certification testing, in accordance with § 97.273.
(ii) Certification application. The CAIR designated representative shall submit to the Administrator a certification application for each monitoring system. A complete certification application shall include the information specified in § 75.63 of this chapter.
(iii) Provisional certification date. The provisional certification date for a monitoring system shall be determined in accordance with § 75.20(a)(3) of this chapter. A provisionally certified monitoring system may be used under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program for a period not to exceed 120 days after receipt by the Administrator of the complete certification application for the monitoring system under paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section. Data measured and recorded by the provisionally certified monitoring system, in accordance with the requirements of part 75 of this chapter, will be considered valid quality-assured data (retroactive to the date and time of provisional certification), provided that the Administrator does not invalidate the provisional certification by issuing a notice of disapproval within 120 days of the date of receipt of the complete certification application by the Administrator.
(iv) Certification application approval process. The Administrator will issue a written notice of approval or disapproval of the certification application to the owner or operator within 120 days of receipt of the complete certification application under paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section. In the event the Administrator does not issue such a notice within such 120-day period, each monitoring system that meets the applicable performance requirements of part 75 of this chapter and is included in the certification application will be deemed certified for use under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
(A) Approval notice. If the certification application is complete and shows that each monitoring system meets the applicable performance requirements of part 75 of this chapter, then the Administrator will issue a written notice of approval of the certification application within 120 days of receipt.
(B) Incomplete application notice. If the certification application is not complete, then the Administrator will issue a written notice of incompleteness that sets a reasonable date by which the CAIR designated representative must submit the additional information required to complete the certification application. If the CAIR designated representative does not comply with the notice of incompleteness by the specified date, then the Administrator may issue a notice of disapproval under paragraph (d)(3)(iv)(C) of this section. The 120-day review period shall not begin before receipt of a complete certification application.
(C) Disapproval notice. If the certification application shows that any monitoring system does not meet the performance requirements of part 75 of this chapter or if the certification application is incomplete and the requirement for disapproval under paragraph (d)(3)(iv)(B) of this section is met, then the Administrator will issue a written notice of disapproval of the certification application. Upon issuance of such notice of disapproval, the provisional certification is invalidated by the Administrator and the data measured and recorded by each uncertified monitoring system shall not be considered valid quality-assured data beginning with the date and hour of provisional certification (as defined under § 75.20(a)(3) of this chapter). The owner or operator shall follow the procedures for loss of certification in paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section for each monitoring system that is disapproved for initial certification.
(D) Audit decertification. The Administrator may issue a notice of disapproval of the certification status of a monitor in accordance with § 97.272(b).
(v) Procedures for loss of certification. If the Administrator issues a notice of disapproval of a certification application under paragraph (d)(3)(iv)(C) of this section or a notice of disapproval of certification status under paragraph (d)(3)(iv)(D) of this section, then:
(A) The owner or operator shall substitute the following values, for each disapproved monitoring system, for each hour of unit operation during the period of invalid data specified under § 75.20(a)(4)(iii), § 75.20(g)(7), or § 75.21(e) of this chapter and continuing until the applicable date and hour specified under § 75.20(a)(5)(i) or (g)(7) of this chapter:
( 1 ) For a disapproved SO 2 pollutant concentration monitor and disapproved flow monitor, respectively, the maximum potential concentration of SO 2 and the maximum potential flow rate, as defined in sections 2.1.1.1 and 2.1.4.1 of appendix A to part 75 of this chapter.
( 2 ) For a disapproved moisture monitoring system and disapproved diluent gas monitoring system, respectively, the minimum potential moisture percentage and either the maximum potential CO 2 concentration or the minimum potential O 2 concentration (as applicable), as defined in sections 2.1.5, 2.1.3.1, and 2.1.3.2 of appendix A to part 75 of this chapter.
( 3 ) For a disapproved fuel flowmeter system, the maximum potential fuel flow rate, as defined in section 2.4.2.1 of appendix D to part 75 of this chapter.
(B) The CAIR designated representative shall submit a notification of certification retest dates and a new certification application in accordance with paragraphs (d)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(C) The owner or operator shall repeat all certification tests or other requirements that were failed by the monitoring system, as indicated in the Administrator's notice of disapproval, no later than 30 unit operating days after the date of issuance of the notice of disapproval.
(e) Initial certification and recertification procedures for units using the low mass emission excepted methodology under § 75.19 of this chapter. The owner or operator of a unit qualified to use the low mass emissions (LME) excepted methodology under § 75.19 of this chapter shall meet the applicable certification and recertification requirements in §§ 75.19(a)(2) and 75.20(h) of this chapter. If the owner or operator of such a unit elects to certify a fuel flowmeter system for heat input determination, the owner or operator shall also meet the certification and recertification requirements in § 75.20(g) of this chapter.
(f) Certification/recertification procedures for alternative monitoring systems. The CAIR designated representative of each unit for which the owner or operator intends to use an alternative monitoring system approved by the Administrator under subpart E of part 75 of this chapter shall comply with the applicable notification and application procedures of § 75.20(f) of this chapter.
§ 97.272   Out of control periods.
(a) Whenever any monitoring system fails to meet the quality-assurance and quality-control requirements or data validation requirements of part 75 of this chapter, data shall be substituted using the applicable missing data procedures in subpart D of appendix D to part 75 of this chapter.
(b) Audit decertification. Whenever both an audit of a monitoring system and a review of the initial certification or recertification application reveal that any monitoring system should not have been certified or recertified because it did not meet a particular performance specification or other requirement under § 97.271 or the applicable provisions of part 75 of this chapter, both at the time of the initial certification or recertification application submission and at the time of the audit, the Administrator will issue a notice of disapproval of the certification status of such monitoring system. For the purposes of this paragraph, an audit shall be either a field audit or an audit of any information submitted to the permitting authority or the Administrator. By issuing the notice of disapproval, the Administrator revokes prospectively the certification status of the monitoring system. The data measured and recorded by the monitoring system shall not be considered valid quality-assured data from the date of issuance of the notification of the revoked certification status until the date and time that the owner or operator completes subsequently approved initial certification or recertification tests for the monitoring system. The owner or operator shall follow the applicable initial certification or recertification procedures in § 97.271 for each disapproved monitoring system.
§ 97.273   Notifications.
The CAIR designated representative for a CAIR SO 2 unit shall submit written notice to the Administrator in accordance with § 75.61 of this chapter. § 97.274 Recordkeeping and reporting.
(a) General provisions. The CAIR designated representative shall comply with all recordkeeping and reporting requirements in this section, the applicable recordkeeping and reporting requirements in subparts F and G of part 75 of this chapter, and the requirements of § 97.210(e)(1).
(b) Monitoring Plans. The owner or operator of a CAIR SO 2 unit shall comply with requirements of § 75.62 of this chapter and, for a unit for which a CAIR opt-in permit application is submitted and not withdrawn and a CAIR opt-in permit is not yet issued or denied under subpart III of this part, §§ 97.283 and 97.284(a).
(c) Certification Applications. The CAIR designated representative shall submit an application to the Administrator within 45 days after completing all initial certification or recertification tests required under § 97.271, including the information required under § 75.63 of this chapter.
(d) Quarterly reports. The CAIR designated representative shall submit quarterly reports, as follows:
(1) The CAIR designated representative shall report the SO 2 mass emissions data and heat input data for the CAIR SO 2 unit, in an electronic quarterly report in a format prescribed by the Administrator, for each calendar quarter beginning with:
(i) For a unit that commences commercial operation before July 1, 2008, the calendar quarter covering January 1, 2009 through March 31, 2009;
(ii) For a unit that commences commercial operation on or after July 1, 2008, the calendar quarter corresponding to the earlier of the date of provisional certification or the applicable deadline for initial certification under § 97.270(b), unless that quarter is the third or fourth quarter of 2008, in which case reporting shall commence in the quarter covering January 1, 2009 through March 31, 2009;
(iii) Notwithstanding paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, for a unit for which a CAIR opt-in permit application is submitted and not withdrawn and a CAIR opt-in permit is not yet issued or denied under subpart III of this part, the calendar quarter corresponding to the date specified in § 97.284(b); and
(iv) Notwithstanding paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, for a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under subpart III of this part, the calendar quarter corresponding to the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program as provided in § 97.284(g).
(2) The CAIR designated representative shall submit each quarterly report to the Administrator within 30 days following the end of the calendar quarter covered by the report. Quarterly reports shall be submitted in the manner specified in § 75.64 of this chapter.
(3) For CAIR SO 2 units that are also subject to an Acid Rain emissions limitation or the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program, CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program, or Hg Budget Trading Program, quarterly reports shall include the applicable data and information required by subparts F through I of part 75 of this chapter as applicable, in addition to the SO 2 mass emission data, heat input data, and other information required by this subpart.
(e) Compliance certification. The CAIR designated representative shall submit to the Administrator a compliance certification (in a format prescribed by the Administrator) in support of each quarterly report based on reasonable inquiry of those persons with primary responsibility for ensuring that all of the unit's emissions are correctly and fully monitored. The certification shall state that:
(1) The monitoring data submitted were recorded in accordance with the applicable requirements of this subpart and part 75 of this chapter, including the quality assurance procedures and specifications; and
(2) For a unit with add-on SO 2 emission controls and for all hours where SO 2 data are substituted in accordance with § 75.34(a)(1) of this chapter, the add-on emission controls were operating within the range of parameters listed in the quality assurance/quality control program under appendix B to part 75 of this chapter and the substitute data values do not systematically underestimate SO 2 emissions.
§ 97.275   Petitions.
The CAIR designated representative of a CAIR SO 2 unit may submit a petition under § 75.66 of this chapter to the Administrator requesting approval to apply an alternative to any requirement of this subpart. Application of an alternative to any requirement of this subpart is in accordance with this subpart only to the extent that the petition is approved in writing by the Administrator, in consultation with the permitting authority.
§ 97.280   Applicability.
A CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit must be a unit that:
(a) Is located in a State that submits, and for which the Administrator approves, a State implementation plan revision in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter establishing procedures concerning CAIR opt-in units;
(b) Is not a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 and is not covered by a retired unit exemption under § 97.205 that is in effect;
(c) Is not covered by a retired unit exemption under § 72.8 of this chapter that is in effect and is not an opt-in source under part 74 of this chapter;
(d) Has or is required or qualified to have a title V operating permit or other federally enforceable permit; and
(e) Vents all of its emissions to a stack and can meet the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of subpart HH of this part.
§ 97.281   General.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in §§ 97.201 through 97.204, §§ 97.206 through 97.208, and subparts BBB and CCC and subparts FFF through HHH of this part, a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall be treated as a CAIR SO 2 unit for purposes of applying such sections and subparts of this part.
(b) Solely for purposes of applying, as provided in this subpart, the requirements of subpart HHH of this part to a unit for which a CAIR opt-in permit application is submitted and not withdrawn and a CAIR opt-in permit is not yet issued or denied under this subpart, such unit shall be treated as a CAIR SO 2 unit before issuance of a CAIR opt-in permit for such unit.
§ 97.282   CAIR designated representative.
Any CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, and any unit for which a CAIR opt-in permit application is submitted and not withdrawn and a CAIR opt-in permit is not yet issued or denied under this subpart, located at the same source as one or more CAIR SO 2 units shall have the same CAIR designated representative and alternate CAIR designated representative as such CAIR SO 2 units.
§ 97.283   Applying for CAIR opt-in permit.
(a) Applying for initial CAIR opt-in permit. The CAIR designated representative of a unit meeting the requirements for a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit in § 97.280 may apply for an initial CAIR opt-in permit at any time, except as provided under § 97.286(f) and (g), and, in order to apply, must submit the following:
(1) A complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222;
(2) A certification, in a format specified by the permitting authority, that the unit:
(i) Is not a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 and is not covered by a retired unit exemption under § 97.205 that is in effect;
(ii) Is not covered by a retired unit exemption under § 72.8 of this chapter that is in effect;
(iii) Is not and, so long as the unit is a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, will not become, an opt-in source under part 74 of this chapter;
(iv) Vents all of its emissions to a stack; and
(v) Has documented heat input for more than 876 hours during the 6 months immediately preceding submission of the CAIR permit application under § 97.222;
(3) A monitoring plan in accordance with subpart HHH of this part;
(4) A complete certificate of representation under § 97.213 consistent with § 97.282, if no CAIR designated representative has been previously designated for the source that includes the unit; and
(5) A statement, in a format specified by the permitting authority, whether the CAIR designated representative requests that the unit be allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances under § 97.288(b) or § 97.288(c) (subject to the conditions in §§ 97.284(h) and 97.286(g)), to the extent such allocation is provided in a State implementation plan revision submitted in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter and approved by the Administrator. If allocation under § 97.288(c) is requested, this statement shall include a statement that the owners and operators of the unit intend to repower the unit before January 1, 2015 and that they will provide, upon request, documentation demonstrating such intent.
(b) Duty to reapply. (1) The CAIR designated representative of a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall submit a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222 to renew the CAIR opt-in unit permit in accordance with the permitting authority's regulations for title V operating permits, or the permitting authority's regulations for other federally enforceable permits if applicable, addressing permit renewal.
(2) Unless the permitting authority issues a notification of acceptance of withdrawal of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program in accordance with § 97.286 or the unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204, the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall remain subject to the requirements for a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, even if the CAIR designated representative for the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit fails to submit a CAIR permit application that is required for renewal of the CAIR opt-in permit under paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
§ 97.284   Opt-in process.
The permitting authority will issue or deny a CAIR opt-in permit for a unit for which an initial application for a CAIR opt-in permit under § 97.183 is submitted in accordance with the following, to the extent provided in a State implementation plan revision submitted in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter and approved by the Administrator:
(a) Interim review of monitoring plan. The permitting authority and the Administrator will determine, on an interim basis, the sufficiency of the monitoring plan accompanying the initial application for a CAIR opt-in permit under § 97.283. A monitoring plan is sufficient, for purposes of interim review, if the plan appears to contain information demonstrating that the SO 2 emissions rate and heat input of the unit and all other applicable parameters are monitored and reported in accordance with subpart HHH of this part. A determination of sufficiency shall not be construed as acceptance or approval of the monitoring plan.
(b) Monitoring and reporting. (1)(i) If the permitting authority and the Administrator determine that the monitoring plan is sufficient under paragraph (a) of this section, the owner or operator shall monitor and report the SO 2 emissions rate and the heat input of the unit and all other applicable parameters, in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, starting on the date of certification of the appropriate monitoring systems under subpart HHH of this part and continuing until a CAIR opt-in permit is denied under § 97.284(f) or, if a CAIR opt-in permit is issued, the date and time when the unit is withdrawn from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program in accordance with § 97.286.
(ii) The monitoring and reporting under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section shall include the entire control period immediately before the date on which the unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g), during which period monitoring system availability must not be less than 90 percent under subpart HHH of this part and the unit must be in full compliance with any applicable State or Federal emissions or emissions-related requirements.
(2) To the extent the SO 2 emissions rate and the heat input of the unit are monitored and reported in accordance with subpart HHH of this part for one or more control periods, in addition to the control period under paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section, during which control periods monitoring system availability is not less than 90 percent under subpart HHH of this part and the unit is in full compliance with any applicable State or Federal emissions or emissions-related requirements and which control periods begin not more than 3 years before the unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g), such information shall be used as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
(c) Baseline heat input. The unit's baseline heat input shall equal:
(1) If the unit's SO 2 emissions rate and heat input are monitored and reported for only one control period, in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the unit's total heat input (in mmBtu) for the control period; or
(2) If the unit's SO 2 emissions rate and heat input are monitored and reported for more than one control period, in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, the average of the amounts of the unit's total heat input (in mmBtu) for the control periods under paragraphs (b)(1)(ii) and (2) of this section.
(d) Baseline SO 2 emission rate. The unit's baseline SO 2 emission rate shall equal:
(1) If the unit's SO 2 emissions rate and heat input are monitored and reported for only one control period, in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the unit's SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) for the control period;
(2) If the unit's SO 2 emissions rate and heat input are monitored and reported for more than one control period, in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, and the unit does not have add-on SO 2 emission controls during any such control periods, the average of the amounts of the unit's SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) for the control periods under paragraphs (b)(1)(ii) and (2) of this section; or
(3) If the unit's SO 2 emissions rate and heat input are monitored and reported for more than one control period, in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, and the unit has add-on SO 2 emission controls during any such control periods, the average of the amounts of the unit's SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) for such control periods during which the unit has add-on SO 2 emission controls.
(e) Issuance of CAIR opt-in permit. After calculating the baseline heat input and the baseline SO 2 emissions rate for the unit under paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section and if the permitting authority determines that the CAIR designated representative shows that the unit meets the requirements for a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit in § 97.280 and meets the elements certified in § 97.283(a)(2), the permitting authority will issue a CAIR opt-in permit. The permitting authority will provide a copy of the CAIR opt-in permit to the Administrator, who will then establish a compliance account for the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit unless the source already has a compliance account.
(f) Issuance of denial of CAIR opt-in permit. Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, if at any time before issuance of a CAIR opt-in permit for the unit, the permitting authority determines that the CAIR designated representative fails to show that the unit meets the requirements for a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit in § 97.280 or meets the elements certified in § 97.283(a)(2), the permitting authority will issue a denial of a CAIR opt-in permit for the unit.
(g) Date of entry into CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. A unit for which an initial CAIR opt-in permit is issued by the permitting authority shall become a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, and a CAIR SO 2 unit, as of the later of January 1, 2010 or January 1 of the first control period during which such CAIR opt-in permit is issued.
(h) Repowered CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit. (1) If CAIR designated representative requests, and the permitting authority issues a CAIR opt-in permit providing for, allocation to a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit of CAIR SO 2 allowances under § 97.288(c) and such unit is repowered after its date of entry into the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under paragraph (g) of this section, the repowered unit shall be treated as a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit replacing the original CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, as of the date of start-up of the repowered unit's combustion chamber.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, as of the date of start-up under paragraph (h)(1) of this section, the repowered unit shall be deemed to have the same date of commencement of operation, date of commencement of commercial operation, baseline heat input, and baseline SO 2 emission rate as the original CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, and the original CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall no longer be treated as a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit or a CAIR SO 2 unit.
§ 97.285   CAIR opt-in permit contents.
(a) Each CAIR opt-in permit will contain:
(1) All elements required for a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.222;
(2) The certification in § 97.283(a)(2);
(3) The unit's baseline heat input under § 97.284(c);
(4) The unit's baseline SO 2 emission rate under § 97.284(d);
(5) A statement whether the unit is to be allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances under § 97.288(b) or § 97.288(c) (subject to the conditions in §§ 97.284(h) and 97.286(g));
(6) A statement that the unit may withdraw from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program only in accordance with § 97.286; and
(7) A statement that the unit is subject to, and the owners and operators of the unit must comply with, the requirements of § 97.287.
(b) Each CAIR opt-in permit is deemed to incorporate automatically the definitions of terms under § 97.202 and, upon recordation by the Administrator under subpart FFF or GGG of this part or this subpart, every allocation, transfer, or deduction of CAIR SO 2 allowances to or from the compliance account of the source that includes a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit covered by the CAIR opt-in permit.
(c) The CAIR opt-in permit shall be included, in a format specified by the permitting authority, in the CAIR permit for the source where the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit is located and in a title V operating permit or other federally enforceable permit for the source.
§ 97.286   Withdrawal from CAIR SO2Trading Program.
Except as provided under paragraph (g) of this section, a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit may withdraw from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, but only if the permitting authority issues a notification to the CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit of the acceptance of the withdrawal of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.
(a) Requesting withdrawal. In order to withdraw a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program, the CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall submit to the permitting authority a request to withdraw effective as of midnight of December 31 of a specified calendar year, which date must be at least 4 years after December 31 of the year of entry into the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g). The request must be submitted no later than 90 days before the requested effective date of withdrawal.
(b) Conditions for withdrawal. Before a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit covered by a request under paragraph (a) of this section may withdraw from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program and the CAIR opt-in permit may be terminated under paragraph (e) of this section, the following conditions must be met:
(1) For the control period ending on the date on which the withdrawal is to be effective, the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit must meet the requirement to hold CAIR SO 2 allowances under § 97.206(c) and cannot have any excess emissions.
(2) After the requirement for withdrawal under paragraph (b)(1) of this section is met, the Administrator will deduct from the compliance account of the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit CAIR SO 2 allowances equal in amount to and allocated for the same or a prior control period as any CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under § 97.288 for any control period for which the withdrawal is to be effective. If there are no remaining CAIR SO 2 units at the source, the Administrator will close the compliance account, and the owners and operators of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit may submit a CAIR SO 2 allowance transfer for any remaining CAIR SO 2 allowances to another CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System in accordance with subpart GGG of this part.
(c) Notification. (1) After the requirements for withdrawal under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section are met (including deduction of the full amount of CAIR SO 2 allowances required), the permitting authority will issue a notification to the CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit of the acceptance of the withdrawal of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit as of midnight on December 31 of the calendar year for which the withdrawal was requested.
(2) If the requirements for withdrawal under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section are not met, the permitting authority will issue a notification to the CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit that the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's request to withdraw is denied. Such CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall continue to be a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit.
(d) Permit amendment. After the permitting authority issues a notification under paragraph (c)(1) of this section that the requirements for withdrawal have been met, the permitting authority will revise the CAIR permit covering the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit to terminate the CAIR opt-in permit for such unit as of the effective date specified under paragraph (c)(1) of this section. The unit shall continue to be a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit until the effective date of the termination and shall comply with all requirements under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program concerning any control periods for which the unit is a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, even if such requirements arise or must be complied with after the withdrawal takes effect.
(e) Reapplication upon failure to meet conditions of withdrawal. If the permitting authority denies the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's request to withdraw, the CAIR designated representative may submit another request to withdraw in accordance with paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(f) Ability to reapply to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. Once a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit withdraws from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program and its CAIR opt-in permit is terminated under this section, the CAIR designated representative may not submit another application for a CAIR opt-in permit under § 97.283 for such CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit before the date that is 4 years after the date on which the withdrawal became effective. Such new application for a CAIR opt-in permit will be treated as an initial application for a CAIR opt-in permit under § 97.284.
(g) Inability to withdraw. Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section, a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit shall not be eligible to withdraw from the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program if the CAIR designated representative of the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit requests, and the permitting authority issues a CAIR opt-in permit providing for, allocation to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit of CAIR SO 2 allowances under § 97.288(c).
§ 97.287   Change in regulatory status.
(a) Notification. If a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204, then the CAIR designated representative shall notify in writing the permitting authority and the Administrator of such change in the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's regulatory status, within 30 days of such change.
(b) Permitting authority's and Administrator's actions. (1) If a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204, the permitting authority will revise the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's CAIR opt-in permit to meet the requirements of a CAIR permit under § 97.223, and remove the CAIR opt-in permit provisions, as of the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204.
(2)(i) The Administrator will deduct from the compliance account of the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit that becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204, CAIR SO 2 allowances equal in amount to and allocated for the same or a prior control period as:
(A) Any CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under § 97.288 for any control period after the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204; and
(B) If the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 is not December 31, the CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under § 97.288 for the control period that includes the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204, multiplied by the ratio of the number of days, in the control period, starting with the date on which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 divided by the total number of days in the control period and rounded to the nearest whole allowance as appropriate.
(ii) The CAIR designated representative shall ensure that the compliance account of the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit that becomes a CAIR SO 2 unit under § 97.204 contains the CAIR SO 2 allowances necessary for completion of the deduction under paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.
§ 97.288   CAIR SO2allowance allocations to CAIR SO2opt-in units.
(a) Timing requirements. (1) When the CAIR opt-in permit is issued under § 97.284(e), the permitting authority will allocate CAIR SO 2 allowances to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, and submit to the Administrator the allocation for the control period in which a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g), in accordance with paragraph (b) or (c) of this section.
(2) By no later than October 31 of the control period after the control period in which a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g) and October 31 of each year thereafter, the permitting authority will allocate CAIR SO 2 allowances to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, and submit to the Administrator the allocation for the control period that includes such submission deadline and in which the unit is a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, in accordance with paragraph (b) or (c) of this section.
(b) Calculation of allocation. For each control period for which a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit is to be allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances, the permitting authority will allocate in accordance with the following procedures, if provided in a State implementation plan revision submitted in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter and approved by the Administrator:
(1) The heat input (in mmBtu) used for calculating the CAIR SO 2 allowance allocation will be the lesser of:
(i) The CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's baseline heat input determined under § 97.284(c); or
(ii) The CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's heat input, as determined in accordance with subpart HHH of this part, for the immediately prior control period, except when the allocation is being calculated for the control period in which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g).
(2) The SO 2 emission rate (in lb/mmBtu) used for calculating CAIR SO 2 allowance allocations will be the lesser of:
(i) The CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's baseline SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) determined under § 97.284(d) and multiplied by 70 percent; or
(ii) The most stringent State or Federal SO 2 emissions limitation applicable to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit at any time during the control period for which CAIR SO 2 allowances are to be allocated.
(3) The permitting authority will allocate CAIR SO 2 allowances to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit with a tonnage equivalent equal to, or less than by the smallest possible amount, the heat input under paragraph (b)(1) of this section, multiplied by the SO 2 emission rate under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, and divided by 2,000 lb/ton.
(c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) of this section and if the CAIR designated representative requests, and the permitting authority issues a CAIR opt-in permit (based on a demonstration of the intent to repower stated under § 97.283(a)(5)) providing for, allocation to a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit of CAIR SO 2 allowances under this paragraph (subject to the conditions in §§ 97.284(h) and 97.286(g)), the permitting authority will allocate to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit as follows, if provided in a State implementation plan revision submitted in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter and approved by the Administrator:
(1) For each control period in 2010 through 2014 for which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit is to be allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances,
(i) The heat input (in mmBtu) used for calculating CAIR SO 2 allowance allocations will be determined as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(ii) The SO 2 emission rate (in lb/mmBtu) used for calculating CAIR SO 2 allowance allocations will be the lesser of:
(A) The CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's baseline SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) determined under § 97.284(d); or
(B) The most stringent State or Federal SO 2 emissions limitation applicable to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit at any time during the control period in which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g).
(iii) The permitting authority will allocate CAIR SO 2 allowances to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit with a tonnage equivalent equal to, or less than by the smallest possible amount, the heat input under paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, multiplied by the SO 2 emission rate under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section, and divided by 2,000 lb/ton.
(2) For each control period in 2015 and thereafter for which the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit is to be allocated CAIR SO 2 allowances,
(i) The heat input (in mmBtu) used for calculating the CAIR SO 2 allowance allocations will be determined as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(ii) The SO 2 emission rate (in lb/mmBtu) used for calculating the CAIR SO 2 allowance allocation will be the lesser of:
(A) The CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit's baseline SO 2 emissions rate (in lb/mmBtu) determined under § 97.284(d) multiplied by 10 percent; or
(B) The most stringent State or Federal SO 2 emissions limitation applicable to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit at any time during the control period for which CAIR SO 2 allowances are to be allocated.
(iii) The permitting authority will allocate CAIR SO 2 allowances to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit with a tonnage equivalent equal to, or less than by the smallest possible amount, the heat input under paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, multiplied by the SO 2 emission rate under paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, and divided by 2,000 lb/ton.
(d) Recordation. If provided in a State implementation plan revision submitted in accordance with § 51.124(r)(1), (2), or (3) of this chapter and approved by the Administrator:
(1) The Administrator will record, in the compliance account of the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, the CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated by the permitting authority to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
(2) By December 1 of the control period in which a CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit enters the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program under § 97.284(g) and December 1 of each year thereafter, the Administrator will record, in the compliance account of the source that includes the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit, the CAIR SO 2 allowances allocated by the permitting authority to the CAIR SO 2 opt-in unit under paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
§ 97.301   Purpose.
§ 97.302   Definitions.
The terms used in this subpart and subparts BBBB through IIII shall have the meanings set forth in this section as follows:
Account number means the identification number given by the Administrator to each CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System account.
Acid Rain emissions limitation means a limitation on emissions of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides under the Acid Rain Program.
Acid Rain Program means a multi-state sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator under title IV of the CAA and parts 72 through 78 of this chapter.
Administrator means the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or the Administrator's duly authorized representative.
Allocate or allocation means, with regard to CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances, the determination by a permitting authority or the Administrator of the amount of such CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances to be initially credited to a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit, a new unit set-aside, or other entity.
Allowance transfer deadline means, for a control period, midnight of November 30 (if it is a business day), or midnight of the first business day thereafter (if November 30 is not a business day), immediately following the control period and is the deadline by which a CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance transfer must be submitted for recordation in a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source's compliance account in order to be used to meet the source's CAIR NO X Ozone Season emissions limitation for such control period in accordance with § 97.354.
Alternate CAIR designated representative means, for a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source and each CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source, the natural person who is authorized by the owners and operators of the source and all such units at the source, in accordance with subparts BBBB and IIII of this part, to act on behalf of the CAIR designated representative in matters pertaining to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also a CAIR NO X source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also a CAIR SO 2 source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate CAIR designated representative under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also subject to the Acid Rain Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate designated representative under the Acid Rain Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also subject to the Hg Budget Trading Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the alternate Hg designated representative under the Hg Budget Trading Program.
Automated data acquisition and handling system or DAHS means that component of the continuous emission monitoring system, or other emissions monitoring system approved for use under subpart HHHH of this part, designed to interpret and convert individual output signals from pollutant concentration monitors, flow monitors, diluent gas monitors, and other component parts of the monitoring system to produce a continuous record of the measured parameters in the measurement units required by subpart HHHH of this part.
Biomass means—
(1) Any organic material grown for the purpose of being converted to energy;
(2) Any organic byproduct of agriculture that can be converted into energy; or
(3) Any material that can be converted into energy and is nonmerchantable for other purposes, that is segregated from other nonmerchantable material, and that is;
(i) A forest-related organic resource, including mill residues, precommercial thinnings, slash, brush, or byproduct from conversion of trees to merchantable material; or
(ii) A wood material, including pallets, crates, dunnage, manufacturing and construction materials (other than pressure-treated, chemically-treated, or painted wood products), and landscape or right-of-way tree trimmings.
Boiler means an enclosed fossil-or other-fuel-fired combustion device used to produce heat and to transfer heat to recirculating water, steam, or other medium.
Bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit means a cogeneration unit in which the energy input to the unit is first used to produce useful thermal energy and at least some of the reject heat from the useful thermal energy application or process is then used for electricity production.
CAIR authorized account representative means, with regard to a general account, a responsible natural person who is authorized, in accordance with subparts BBBB, FFFF, and IIII of this part, to transfer and otherwise dispose of CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances held in the general account and, with regard to a compliance account, the CAIR designated representative of the source.
CAIR designated representative means, for a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source and each CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source, the natural person who is authorized by the owners and operators of the source and all such units at the source, in accordance with subparts BBBB and IIII of this part, to represent and legally bind each owner and operator in matters pertaining to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also a CAIR NO X source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the CAIR designated representative under the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also a CAIR SO 2 source, then this natural person shall be the same person as the CAIR designated representative under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also subject to the Acid Rain Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the designated representative under the Acid Rain Program. If the CAIR NO X Ozone Season source is also subject to the Hg Budget Trading Program, then this natural person shall be the same person as the Hg designated representative under the Hg Budget Trading Program.
CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program means a multi-state nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AA through II of this part and §§ 51.123(p) and 52.35 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AA through II of part 96 of this chapter and § 51.123(o)(1) or (2) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of fine particulates and nitrogen oxides.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance means a limited authorization issued by a permitting authority or the Administrator under subpart EEEE of this part, § 97.388, or provisions of a State implementation plan that are approved under § 51.123(aa)(1) or (2) (and (bb)(1)), (bb)(2), (dd), or (ee) of this chapter, to emit one ton of nitrogen oxides during a control period of the specified calendar year for which the authorization is allocated or of any calendar year thereafter under the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program or a limited authorization issued by a permitting authority for a control period during 2003 through 2008 under the NO X Budget Trading Program in accordance with § 51.121(p) of this chapter to emit one ton of nitrogen oxides during a control period, provided that the provision in § 51.121(b)(2)(ii)(E) of this chapter shall not be used in applying this definition and the limited authorization shall not have been used to meet the allowance-holding requirement under the NO X Budget Trading Program. An authorization to emit nitrogen oxides that is not issued under subpart EEEE of this part, § 97.388, or provisions of a State implementation plan that are approved under § 51.123(aa)(1) or (2) (and (bb)(1)), (bb)(2), (dd), or (ee) of this chapter or under the NO X Budget Trading Program as described in the prior sentence shall not be a CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance deduction or deduct CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances means the permanent withdrawal of CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances by the Administrator from a compliance account, e.g., in order to account for a specified number of tons of total nitrogen oxides emissions from all CAIR NO X Ozone Season units at a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source for a control period, determined in accordance with subpart HHHH of this part, or to account for excess emissions.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System means the system by which the Administrator records allocations, deductions, and transfers of CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances under the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program. Such allowances will be allocated, held, deducted, or transferred only as whole allowances.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System account means an account in the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System established by the Administrator for purposes of recording the allocation, holding, transferring, or deducting of CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances held or hold CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances means the CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances recorded by the Administrator, or submitted to the Administrator for recordation, in accordance with subparts FFFF, GGGG, and IIII of this part, in a CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System account.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season emissions limitation means, for a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source, the tonnage equivalent, in NO X emissions in a control period, of the CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances available for deduction for the source under § 97.354(a) and (b) for the control period.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season source means a source that includes one or more CAIR NO X Ozone Season units.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program means a multi-state nitrogen oxides air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAAA through IIII of part 96 of this part and §§ 51.123(ee) and 52.35 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with under subparts AAAA through IIII and § 51.123(aa)(1) or (2) (and (bb)(1)), (bb)(2), or (dd) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of ozone and nitrogen oxides.
CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit means a unit that is subject to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program under § 97.304 and, except for purposes of § 97.305 and subpart EEEE of this part, a CAIR NO X Ozone Season opt-in unit under subpart IIII of this part.
CAIR NO X source means a source that is subject to the CAIR NO X Annual Trading Program.
CAIR permit means the legally binding and federally enforceable written document, or portion of such document, issued by the permitting authority under subpart CCCC of this part, including any permit revisions, specifying the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program requirements applicable to a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source, to each CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source, and to the owners and operators and the CAIR designated representative of the source and each such unit.
CAIR SO 2 source means a source that is subject to the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program.
CAIR SO 2 Trading Program means a multi-state sulfur dioxide air pollution control and emission reduction program established by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAA through III of this part and §§ 51.124(r) and 52.36 of this chapter or approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance with subparts AAA through III of part 96 of this chapter and § 51.124(o)(1) or (2) of this chapter, as a means of mitigating interstate transport of fine particulates and sulfur dioxide.
Certifying official means:
(1) For a corporation, a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president or the corporation in charge of a principal business function or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation;
(2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship, a general partner or the proprietor respectively; or
(3) For a local government entity or State, Federal, or other public agency, a principal executive officer or ranking elected official.
Clean Air Act or CAA means the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
Coal means any solid fuel classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite.
Coal-derived fuel means any fuel (whether in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state) produced by the mechanical, thermal, or chemical processing of coal.
Coal-fired means:
(1) Except for purposes of subpart EEEE of this part, combusting any amount of coal or coal-derived fuel, alone or in combination with any amount of any other fuel, during any year; or
(2) For purposes of subpart EEEE of this part, combusting any amount of coal or coal-derived fuel, alone or in combination with any amount of any other fuel, during a specified year.
Cogeneration unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine:
(1) Having equipment used to produce electricity and useful thermal energy for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes through the sequential use of energy; and
(2) Producing during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and during any calendar year after the calendar year in which the unit first produces electricity—
(i) For a topping-cycle cogeneration unit,
(A) Useful thermal energy not less than 5 percent of total energy output; and
(B) Useful power that, when added to one-half of useful thermal energy produced, is not less then 42.5 percent of total energy input, if useful thermal energy produced is 15 percent or more of total energy output, or not less than 45 percent of total energy input, if useful thermal energy produced is less than 15 percent of total energy output.
(ii) For a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, useful power not less than 45 percent of total energy input;
(3) Provided that the total energy input under paragraphs (2)(i)(B) and (2)(ii) of this definition shall equal the unit's total energy input from all fuel except biomass if the unit is a boiler.
Combustion turbine means:
(1) An enclosed device comprising a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine and in which the flue gas resulting from the combustion of fuel in the combustor passes through the turbine, rotating the turbine; and
(2) If the enclosed device under paragraph (1) of this definition is combined cycle, any associated duct burner, heat recovery steam generator, and steam turbine.
Commence commercial operation means, with regard to a unit:
(1) To have begun to produce steam, gas, or other heated medium used to generate electricity for sale or use, including test generation, except as provided in § 97.305 and § 97.384(h).
(i) For a unit that is a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition and that subsequently undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source), such date shall remain the date of commencement of commercial operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit that is a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition and that is subsequently replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered), such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of commercial operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition as appropriate.
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this definition and except as provided in § 97.305, for a unit that is not a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304 on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, the unit's date for commencement of commercial operation shall be the date on which the unit becomes a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304.
(i) For a unit with a date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that subsequently undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source), such date shall remain the date of commencement of commercial operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit with a date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that is subsequently replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered), such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of commercial operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of commercial operation as defined in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition as appropriate.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) of this definition, for a unit not serving a generator producing electricity for sale, the unit's date of commencement of operation shall also be the unit's date of commencement of commercial operation.
Commence operation means:
(1) To have begun any mechanical, chemical, or electronic process, including, with regard to a unit, start-up of a unit's combustion chamber, except as provided in § 97.384(h).
(i) For a unit that undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source) after the date the unit commences operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, such date shall remain the date of commencement of operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit that is replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered) after the date the unit commences operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition, such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of operation as defined in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition as appropriate, except as provided in § 97.384(h).
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this definition and solely for purposes of subpart HHHH of this part, for a unit that is not a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304(d) on the later of November 15, 1990 or the date the unit commences operation as defined in paragraph (1) of this definition and subsequently becomes such a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit, the unit's date for commencement of operation shall be the date on which the unit becomes a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under § 97.304(d).
(i) For a unit with a date for commencement of operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that subsequently undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source), such date shall remain the date of commencement of operation of the unit, which shall continue to be treated as the same unit.
(ii) For a unit with a date for commencement of operation as defined in paragraph (2) of this definition and that is subsequently replaced by a unit at the same source ( e.g., repowered), such date shall remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of operation, and the replacement unit shall be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of operation as defined in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition as appropriate.
Common stack means a single flue through which emissions from 2 or more units are exhausted.
Compliance account means a CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System account, established by the Administrator for a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source under subpart FFFF or IIII of this part, in which any CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance allocations for the CAIR NO X Ozone Season units at the source are initially recorded and in which are held any CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances available for use for a control period in order to meet the source's CAIR NO X Ozone Season emissions limitation in accordance with § 97.354.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required under subpart HHHH of this part to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of nitrogen oxides emissions, stack gas volumetric flow rate, stack gas moisture content, and oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration (as applicable), in a manner consistent with part 75 of this chapter. The following systems are the principal types of continuous emission monitoring systems required under subpart HHHH of this part:
(1) A flow monitoring system, consisting of a stack flow rate monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of stack gas volumetric flow rate, in standard cubic feet per hour (scfh);
(2) A nitrogen oxides concentration monitoring system, consisting of a NO X pollutant concentration monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of NO X emissions, in parts per million (ppm);
(3) A nitrogen oxides emission rate (or NO X -diluent) monitoring system, consisting of a NO X pollutant concentration monitor, a diluent gas (CO 2 or O 2 ) monitor, and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of NO X concentration, in parts per million (ppm), diluent gas concentration, in percent CO 2 or O 2 , and NO X emission rate, in pounds per million British thermal units (lb/mmBtu);
(4) A moisture monitoring system, as defined in § 75.11(b)(2) of this chapter and providing a permanent, continuous record of the stack gas moisture content, in percent H 2 O;
(5) A carbon dioxide monitoring system, consisting of a CO 2 pollutant concentration monitor (or an oxygen monitor plus suitable mathematical equations from which the CO 2 concentration is derived) and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of CO 2 emissions, in percent CO 2 ; and
(6) An oxygen monitoring system, consisting of an O 2 concentration monitor and an automated data acquisition and handling system and providing a permanent, continuous record of O 2 , in percent O 2 .
Control period or ozone season means the period beginning May 1 of a calendar year, except as provided in § 97.306(c)(2) and ending on September 30 of the same year, inclusive.
Emissions means air pollutants exhausted from a unit or source into the atmosphere, as measured, recorded, and reported to the Administrator by the CAIR designated representative and as determined by the Administrator in accordance with subpart HHHH of this part.
Excess emissions means any ton of nitrogen oxides emitted by the CAIR NO X Ozone Season units at a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source during a control period that exceeds the CAIR NO X Ozone Season emissions limitation for the source.
Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, or any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such material.
Fossil-fuel-fired means, with regard to a unit, combusting any amount of fossil fuel in any calendar year.
Fuel oil means any petroleum-based fuel (including diesel fuel or petroleum derivatives such as oil tar) and any recycled or blended petroleum products or petroleum by-products used as a fuel whether in a liquid, solid, or gaseous state.
General account means a CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System account, established under subpart FFFF of this part, that is not a compliance account.
Generator means a device that produces electricity.
Gross electrical output means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, electricity made available for use, including any such electricity used in the power production process (which process includes, but is not limited to, any on-site processing or treatment of fuel combusted at the unit and any on-site emission controls).
Heat input means, with regard to a specified period of time, the product (in mmBtu/time) of the gross calorific value of the fuel (in Btu/lb) divided by 1,000,000 Btu/mmBtu and multiplied by the fuel feed rate into a combustion device (in lb of fuel/time), as measured, recorded, and reported to the Administrator by the CAIR designated representative and determined by the Administrator in accordance with subpart HHHH of this part and excluding the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust from other sources.
Heat input rate means the amount of heat input (in mmBtu) divided by unit operating time (in hr) or, with regard to a specific fuel, the amount of heat input attributed to the fuel (in mmBtu) divided by the unit operating time (in hr) during which the unit combusts the fuel.
Hg Budget Trading Program means a multi-state Hg air pollution control and emission reduction program approved and administered by the Administrator in accordance subpart HHHH of part 60 of this chapter and § 60.24(h)(6), or established by the Administrator under section 111 of the Clean Air Act, as a means of reducing national Hg emissions.
Life-of-the-unit, firm power contractual arrangement means a unit participation power sales agreement under which a utility or industrial customer reserves, or is entitled to receive, a specified amount or percentage of nameplate capacity and associated energy generated by any specified unit and pays its proportional amount of such unit's total costs, pursuant to a contract:
(1) For the life of the unit;
(2) For a cumulative term of no less than 30 years, including contracts that permit an election for early termination; or
(3) For a period no less than 25 years or 70 percent of the economic useful life of the unit determined as of the time the unit is built, with option rights to purchase or release some portion of the nameplate capacity and associated energy generated by the unit at the end of the period.
Maximum design heat input means the maximum amount of fuel per hour (in Btu/hr) that a unit is capable of combusting on a steady state basis as of the initial installation of the unit as specified by the manufacturer of the unit.
Monitoring system means any monitoring system that meets the requirements of subpart HHHH of this part, including a continuous emissions monitoring system, an alternative monitoring system, or an excepted monitoring system under part 75 of this chapter.
Most stringent State or Federal NO X emissions limitation means, with regard to a unit, the lowest NO X emissions limitation (in terms of lb/mmBtu) that is applicable to the unit under State or Federal law, regardless of the averaging period to which the emissions limitation applies.
Nameplate capacity means, starting from the initial installation of a generator, the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings) as of such installation as specified by the manufacturer of the generator or, starting from the completion of any subsequent physical change in the generator resulting in an increase in the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings), such increased maximum amount as of such completion as specified by the person conducting the physical change.
Oil-fired means, for purposes of subpart EEEE of this part, combusting fuel oil for more than 15.0 percent of the annual heat input in a specified year and not qualifying as coal-fired.
Operator means any person who operates, controls, or supervises a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit or a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source and shall include, but not be limited to, any holding company, utility system, or plant manager of such a unit or source.
Owner means any of the following persons:
(1) With regard to a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source or a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at a source, respectively:
(i) Any holder of any portion of the legal or equitable title in a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source or the CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit;
(ii) Any holder of a leasehold interest in a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source or the CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit; or
(iii) Any purchaser of power from a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit at the source or the CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under a life-of-the-unit, firm power contractual arrangement; provided that, unless expressly provided for in a leasehold agreement, owner shall not include a passive lessor, or a person who has an equitable interest through such lessor, whose rental payments are not based (either directly or indirectly) on the revenues or income from such CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit; or
(2) With regard to any general account, any person who has an ownership interest with respect to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances held in the general account and who is subject to the binding agreement for the CAIR authorized account representative to represent the person's ownership interest with respect to CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances.
Permitting authority means the State air pollution control agency, local agency, other State agency, or other agency authorized by the Administrator to issue or revise permits to meet the requirements of the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program or, if no such agency has been so authorized, the Administrator.
Potential electrical output capacity means 33 percent of a unit(s maximum design heat input, divided by 3,413 Btu/kWh, divided by 1,000 kWh/MWh, and multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr.
Receive or receipt of means, when referring to the permitting authority or the Administrator, to come into possession of a document, information, or correspondence (whether sent in hard copy or by authorized electronic transmission), as indicated in an official log, or by a notation made on the document, information, or correspondence, by the permitting authority or the Administrator in the regular course of business.
Recordation , record , or recorded means, with regard to CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances, the movement of CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances by the Administrator into or between CAIR NO X Ozone Season Allowance Tracking System accounts, for purposes of allocation, transfer, or deduction.
Reference method means any direct test method of sampling and analyzing for an air pollutant as specified in § 75.22 of this chapter.
Replacement , replace , or replaced means, with regard to a unit, the demolishing of a unit, or the permanent shutdown and permanent disabling of a unit, and the construction of another unit (the replacement unit) to be used instead of the demolished or shutdown unit (the replaced unit).
Repowered means, with regard to a unit, replacement of a coal-fired boiler with one of the following coal-fired technologies at the same source as the coal-fired boiler:
(1) Atmospheric or pressurized fluidized bed combustion;
(2) Integrated gasification combined cycle;
(3) Magnetohydrodynamics;
(4) Direct and indirect coal-fired turbines;
(5) Integrated gasification fuel cells; or
(6) As determined by the Administrator in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, a derivative of one or more of the technologies under paragraphs (1) through (5) of this definition and any other coal-fired technology capable of controlling multiple combustion emissions simultaneously with improved boiler or generation efficiency and with significantly greater waste reduction relative to the performance of technology in widespread commercial use as of January 1, 2005.
Sequential use of energy means:
(1) For a topping-cycle cogeneration unit, the use of reject heat from electricity production in a useful thermal energy application or process; or
(2) For a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, the use of reject heat from useful thermal energy application or process in electricity production.
Serial number means, for a CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance, the unique identification number assigned to each CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowance by the Administrator.
Solid waste incineration unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine that is a “solid waste incineration unit” as defined in section 129(g)(1) of the Clean Air Act.
Source means all buildings, structures, or installations located in one or more contiguous or adjacent properties under common control of the same person or persons. For purposes of section 502(c) of the Clean Air Act, a “source,” including a “source” with multiple units, shall be considered a single “facility.”
State means one of the States or the District of Columbia that is subject to the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program pursuant to § 52.35 of this chapter.
Submit or serve means to send or transmit a document, information, or correspondence to the person specified in accordance with the applicable regulation:
(1) In person;
(2) By United States Postal Service; or
(3) By other means of dispatch or transmission and delivery. Compliance with any “submission” or “service” deadline shall be determined by the date of dispatch, transmission, or mailing and not the date of receipt.
Title V operating permit means a permit issued under title V of the Clean Air Act and part 70 or part 71 of this chapter.
Title V operating permit regulations means the regulations that the Administrator has approved or issued as meeting the requirements of title V of the Clean Air Act and part 70 or 71 of this chapter.
Ton means 2,000 pounds. For the purpose of determining compliance with the CAIR NO X Ozone Season emissions limitation, total tons of nitrogen oxides emissions for a control period shall be calculated as the sum of all recorded hourly emissions (or the mass equivalent of the recorded hourly emission rates) in accordance with subpart HHHH of this part, but with any remaining fraction of a ton equal to or greater than 0.50 tons deemed to equal one ton and any remaining fraction of a ton less than 0.50 tons deemed to equal zero tons.
Topping-cycle cogeneration unit means a cogeneration unit in which the energy input to the unit is first used to produce useful power, including electricity, and at least some of the reject heat from the electricity production is then used to provide useful thermal energy.
Total energy input means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, total energy of all forms supplied to the cogeneration unit, excluding energy produced by the cogeneration unit itself. Each form of energy supplied shall be measured by the lower heating value of that form of energy calculated as follows:
Total energy output means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, the sum of useful power and useful thermal energy produced by the cogeneration unit.
Unit means a stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or combustion turbine or other stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion device.
Unit operating day means a calendar day in which a unit combusts any fuel.
Unit operating hour or hour of unit operation means an hour in which a unit combusts any fuel.
Useful power means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, electricity or mechanical energy made available for use, excluding any such energy used in the power production process (which process includes, but is not limited to, any on-site processing or treatment of fuel combusted at the unit and any on-site emission controls).
Useful thermal energy means, with regard to a cogeneration unit, thermal energy that is:
(1) Made available to an industrial or commercial process (not a power production process), excluding any heat contained in condensate return or makeup water;
(2) Used in a heating application ( e.g., space heating or domestic hot water heating); or
(3) Used in a space cooling application ( i.e., thermal energy used by an absorption chiller).
Utility power distribution system means the portion of an electricity grid owned or operated by a utility and dedicated to delivering electricity to customers.
§ 97.303   Measurements, abbreviations, and acronyms.
Measurements, abbreviations, and acronyms used in this subpart and subparts BBBB through IIII are defined as follows:
§ 97.304   Applicability.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section:
(1) The following units in a State shall be CAIR NO X Ozone Season units, and any source that includes one or more such units shall be a CAIR NO X Ozone Season source, subject to the requirements of this subpart and subparts BBBB through HHHH of this part: any stationary, fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion turbine serving at any time, since the later of November 15, 1990 or the start-up of the unit(s combustion chamber, a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe producing electricity for sale.
(2) If a stationary boiler or stationary combustion turbine that, under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, is not a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit begins to combust fossil fuel or to serve a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe producing electricity for sale, the unit shall become a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section on the first date on which it both combusts fossil fuel and serves such generator.
(b) The units in a State that meet the requirements set forth in paragraph (b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), or (b)(2)(ii) of this section shall not be CAIR NO X Ozone Season units:
(1)(i) Any unit that is a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section:
(A) Qualifying as a cogeneration unit during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and continuing to qualify as a cogeneration unit; and
(B) Not serving at any time, since the later of November 15, 1990 or the start-up of the unit's combustion chamber, a generator with nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe supplying in any calendar year more than one-third of the unit(s potential electric output capacity or 219,000 MWh, whichever is greater, to any utility power distribution system for sale.
(ii) If a unit qualifies as a cogeneration unit during the 12-month period starting on the date the unit first produces electricity and meets the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1)(i) of this section for at least one calendar year, but subsequently no longer meets all such requirements, the unit shall become a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit starting on the earlier of January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit first no longer qualifies as a cogeneration unit or January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit no longer meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section.
(2)(i) Any unit that is a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section commencing operation before January 1, 1985:
(A) Qualifying as a solid waste incineration unit; and
(B) With an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for 1985-1987 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis) and an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for any 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis).
(ii) Any unit that is a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section commencing operation on or after January 1, 1985:
(A) Qualifying as a solid waste incineration unit; and
(B) With an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for the first 3 calendar years of operation exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis) and an average annual fuel consumption of non-fossil fuel for any 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 exceeding 80 percent (on a Btu basis).
(iii) If a unit qualifies as a solid waste incineration unit and meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section for at least 3 consecutive calendar years, but subsequently no longer meets all such requirements, the unit shall become a CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit starting on the earlier of January 1 after the first calendar year during which the unit first no longer qualifies as a solid waste incineration unit or January 1 after the first 3 consecutive calendar years after 1990 for which the unit has an average annual fuel consumption of fossil fuel of 20 percent or more.
(c) A certifying official of an owner or operator of any unit may petition the Administrator at any time for a determination concerning the applicability, under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, of the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program to the unit.
(1) Petition content. The petition shall be in writing and include the identification of the unit and the relevant facts about the unit. The petition and any other documents provided to the Administrator in connection with the petition shall include the following certification statement, signed by the certifying official: “I am authorized to make this submission on behalf of the owners and operators of the unit for which the submission is made. I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined, and am familiar with, the statements and information submitted in this document and all its attachments. Based on my inquiry of those individuals with primary responsibility for obtaining the information, I certify that the statements and information are to the best of my knowledge and belief true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false statements and information or omitting required statements and information, including the possibility of fine or imprisonment.”
(2) Submission. The petition and any other documents provided in connection with the petition shall be submitted to the Director of the Clean Air Markets Division (or its successor), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, who will act on the petition as the Administrator's duly authorized representative.
(3) Response. The Administrator will issue a written response to the petition and may request supplemental information relevant to such petition. The Administrator's determination concerning the applicability, under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, of the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program to the unit shall be binding on the permitting authority unless the petition or other information or documents provided in connection with the petition are found to have contained significant, relevant errors or omissions.
(d) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, if a State submits, and the Administrator approves, a State implementation plan revision in accordance with § 51.123(ee)(1) of this chapter providing for the inclusion in the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program of all units that are not otherwise CAIR NO X Ozone Season units under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section and that are NO X Budget units covered by the State's emissions trading program approved under § 51.121(p) of this chapter, such units shall be CAIR NO X Ozone Season units as of the first date that they are NO X Budget units under the NO X Budget Trading Program under § 51.121(p) of this chapter.
§ 97.305   Retired unit exemption.
(a)(1) Any CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit that is permanently retired and is not a CAIR NO X Ozone Season opt-in unit under subpart IIII of this part shall be exempt from the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program, except for the provisions of this section, §§ 97.302, 97.303, 97.304, 97.306(c)(4) through (7), 97.307, 97.308, and subparts BBBB and EEEE through GGGG of this part.
(2) The exemption under paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall become effective the day on which the CAIR NO X Ozone Season unit is permanently retired. Within 30 days of the unit's permanent retirement, the CAIR designated representative shall submit a statement to the permitting authority otherwise responsible for administering any CAIR permit for the unit and shall submit a copy of the statement to the Administrator. The statement shall state, in a format prescribed by the permitting authority, that the unit was permanently retired on a specific date and will comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
(3) After receipt of the statement under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the permitting authority will amend any permit under subpart CCCC of this part covering the source at which the unit is located to add the provisions and requirements of the exemption under paragraphs (a)(1) and (b) of this section.
(b) Special provisions. (1) A unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall not emit any nitrogen oxides, starting on the date that the exemption takes effect.
(2) The Administrator or the permitting authority will allocate CAIR NO X Ozone Season allowances under subpart EEEE of this part to a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section.
(3) For a period of 5 years from the date the records are created, the owners and operators of a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall retain at the source that includes the unit, records demonstrating that the unit is permanently retired. The 5-year period for keeping records may be extended for cause, at any time before the end of the period, in writing by the permitting authority or the Administrator. The owners and operators bear the burden of proof that the unit is permanently retired.
(4) The owners and operators and, to the extent applicable, the CAIR designated representative of a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall comply with the requirements of the CAIR NO X Ozone Season Trading Program concerning all periods for which the exemption is not in effect, even if such requirements arise, or must be complied with, after the exemption takes effect.
(5) A unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section and located at a source that is required, or but for this exemption would be required, to have a title V operating permit shall not resume operation unless the CAIR designated representative of the source submits a complete CAIR permit application under § 97.322 for the unit not less than 18 months (or such lesser time provided by the permitting authority) before the later of January 1, 2009 or the date on which the unit resumes operation.
(6) On the earlier of the following dates, a unit exempt under paragraph (a) of this section shall lose its exemption:
(i) The date on which the CAIR designated representative submits a CAIR permit application for the unit under paragraph (b)(5) of this section;
(ii) The date on which the CAIR designated representative is required under paragraph (b)(5) of this section to submit a CAIR permit application for the unit; or
(iii) The date on which the unit resumes operation, if the CAIR designated representative is not required to submit a CAIR permit application for the unit.
(7) For the purpose of applying monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements under subpart HHHH of this part, a unit that loses its exemption under paragraph (a) of this section shall be treated as a unit that commences commercial operation on the first date on which the unit resumes operation.