Title 40—Protection of Environment--Volume 1
PART 60—STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
§ 60.154   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided for in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter emission standards in § 60.152 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of particulate matter for each run shall be computed using the following equation:
(2) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c s ) and the volumetric flow rate (Q sd ) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf).
(3) The dry sludge charging rate (S) for each run shall be computed using either of the following equations:
(4) the flow measuring device of § 60.153(a)(1) shall be used to determine the total mass (S m ) or volume (S v ) of sludge charged to the incinerator during each run. If the flow measuring device is on a time rate basis, readings shall be taken and recorded at 5-minute intervals during the run and the total charge of sludge shall be computed using the following equations, as applicable:
(5) Samples of the sludge charged to the incinerator shall be collected in nonporous jars at the beginning of each run and at approximately 1-hour intervals thereafter until the test ends; and “2540 G. Total, Fixed, and Volatile Solids in Solid and Semisolid Samples, in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition, 1998” (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine dry sludge content of each sample (total solids residue), except that:
(i) Evaporating dishes shall be ignited to at least 103 °C rather than the 550 °C specified in step 3(a)(1).
(ii) Determination of volatile residue, step 3(b) may be deleted.
(iii) The quantity of dry sludge per unit sludge charged shall be determined in terms of kg/m 3 (lb/gal) or kg/kg (ton/ton).
(iv) The average dry sludge content shall be the arithmetic average of all the samples taken during the run.
(6) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) The owner or operator of any sludge incinerator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall conduct a performance test during which the monitoring and recording devices required under § 60.153(a)(1), (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), and (b)(4) are installed and operating and for which the sampling and analysis procedures required under § 60.153(b)(5) are performed. The owner or operator shall provide the Administrator at least 30 days prior notice of the performance test to afford the Administrator the opportunity to have an observer present.
(1) For incinerators that commenced construction or modification on or before April 18, 1986, the performance test shall be conducted within 360 days of the effective date of these regulations unless the monitoring and recording devices required under § 60.153(a)(1), (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), and (b)(4) were installed and operating and the sampling and analysis procedures required under § 60.153(b)(5) were performed during the most recent performance test and a record of the measurements taken during the performance test is available.
(2) For incinerators that commence construction or modification after April 18, 1986, the date of the performance test shall be determined by the requirements in § 60.8.
§ 60.155   Reporting.
(a) The owner or operator of any multiple hearth, fluidized bed, or electric sludge incinerator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit to the Administrator semi-annually a report in writing which contains the following:
(1) A record of average scrubber pressure drop measurements for each period of 15 minutes duration or more during which the pressure drop of the scrubber was less than, by a percentage specified below, the average scrubber pressure drop measured during the most recent performance test. The percent reduction in scrubber pressure drop for which a report is required shall be determined as follows:
(i) For incinerators that achieved an average particulate matter emission rate of 0.38 kg/Mg (0.75 lb/ton) dry sludge input or less during the most recent performance test, a scrubber pressure drop reduction of more than 30 percent from the average scrubber pressure drop recorded during the most recent performance test shall be reported.
(ii) For incinerators that achieved an average particulate matter emission rate of greater than 0.38 kg/Mg (0.75 lb/ton) dry sludge input during the most recent performance test, a percent reduction in pressure drop greater than that calculated according to the following equation shall be reported:
(2) A record of average oxygen content in the incinerator exhaust gas for each period of 1-hour duration or more that the oxygen content of the incinerator exhaust gas exceeds the average oxygen content measured during the most recent performance test by more than 3 percent.
(b) The owner or operator of any multiple hearth, fluidized bed, or electric sludge incinerator from which the average particulate matter emission rate measured during the performance test required under § 60.154(d) exceeds 0.38 g/kg of dry sludge input (0.75 lb/ton of dry sludge input) shall include in the report for each calendar day that a decrease in scrubber pressure drop or increase in oxygen content of exhaust gas is reported a record of the following:
(1) Scrubber pressure drop averaged over each 1-hour incinerator operating period.
(2) Oxygen content in the incinerator exhaust averaged over each 1-hour incinerator operating period.
(3) Temperatures of every hearth in multiple hearth incinerators; of the bed and outlet of fluidized bed incinerators; and of the drying, combustion, and cooling zones of electric incinerators averaged over each 1-hour incinerator operating period.
(4) Rate of sludge charged to the incinerator averaged over each 1-hour incinerator operating period.
(5) Incinerator fuel use averaged over each 8-hour incinerator operating period.
(6) Moisture and volatile solids content of the daily grab sample of sludge charged to the incinerator.
(c) The owner or operator of any sludge incinerator other than a multiple hearth, fluidized bed, or electric incinerator or any sludge incinerator equipped with a control device other than a wet scrubber shall include in the semi-annual report a record of control device operation measurements, as specified in the plan approved under § 60.153(e).
§ 60.156   Delegation of authority.
(a) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a State under section 111(c) of the Act, the authorities contained in paragraph (b) of this section shall be retained by the Administrator and not transferred to a State.
(b) Authorities which will not be delegated to States: § 60.153(e).
§ 60.160   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities in primary copper smelters: Dryer, roaster, smelting furnace, and copper converter.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 16, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.161   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Primary copper smelter means any installation or any intermediate process engaged in the production of copper from copper sulfide ore concentrates through the use of pyrometallurgical techniques.
(b) Dryer means any facility in which a copper sulfide ore concentrate charge is heated in the presence of air to eliminate a portion of the moisture from the charge, provided less than 5 percent of the sulfur contained in the charge is eliminated in the facility.
(c) Roaster means any facility in which a copper sulfide ore concentrate charge is heated in the presence of air to eliminate a significant portion (5 percent or more) of the sulfur contained in the charge.
(d) Calcine means the solid materials produced by a roaster.
(e) Smelting means processing techniques for the melting of a copper sulfide ore concentrate or calcine charge leading to the formation of separate layers of molten slag, molten copper, and/or copper matte.
(f) Smelting furnace means any vessel in which the smelting of copper sulfide ore concentrates or calcines is performed and in which the heat necessary for smelting is provided by an electric current, rapid oxidation of a portion of the sulfur contained in the concentrate as it passes through an oxidizing atmosphere, or the combustion of a fossil fuel.
(g) Copper converter means any vessel to which copper matte is charged and oxidized to copper.
(h) Sulfuric acid plant means any facility producing sulfuric acid by the contact process.
(i) Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal, and any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such materials for the purpose of creating useful heat.
(j) Reverberatory smelting furnace means any vessel in which the smelting of copper sulfide ore concentrates or calcines is performed and in which the heat necessary for smelting is provided primarily by combustion of a fossil fuel.
(k) Total smelter charge means the weight (dry basis) of all copper sulfide ore concentrates processed at a primary copper smelter, plus the weight of all other solid materials introduced into the roasters and smelting furnaces at a primary copper smelter, except calcine, over a one-month period.
(l) High level of volatile impurities means a total smelter charge containing more than 0.2 weight percent arsenic, 0.1 weight percent antimony, 4.5 weight percent lead or 5.5 weight percent zinc, on a dry basis.
§ 60.162   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any dryer any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of 50 mg/dscm (0.022 gr/dscf).
§ 60.163   Standard for sulfur dioxide.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any roaster, smelting furnace, or copper converter any gases which contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 0.065 percent by volume, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
(b) Reverberatory smelting furnaces shall be exempted from paragraph (a) of this section during periods when the total smelter charge at the primary copper smelter contains a high level of volatile impurities.
(c) A change in the fuel combusted in a reverberatory smelting furnace shall not be considered a modification under this part.
§ 60.164   Standard for visible emissions.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any dryer any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility that uses a sulfuric acid plant to comply with the standard set forth in § 60.163, any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
§ 60.165   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any primary copper smelter subject to § 60.163 (b) shall keep a monthly record of the total smelter charge and the weight percent (dry basis) of arsenic, antimony, lead and zinc contained in this charge. The analytical methods and procedures employed to determine the weight of the total smelter charge and the weight percent of arsenic, antimony, lead and zinc shall be approved by the Administrator and shall be accurate to within plus or minus ten percent.
(b) The owner or operator of any primary copper smelter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install and operate:
(1) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record the opacity of gases discharged into the atmosphere from any dryer. The span of this system shall be set at 80 to 100 percent opacity.
(2) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record sulfur dioxide emissions discharged into the atmosphere from any roaster, smelting furnace or copper converter subject to § 60.163 (a). The span of this system shall be set at a sulfur dioxide concentration of 0.20 percent by volume.
(i) The continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c) shall be completed prior to the initial performance test required under § 60.8.
(ii) For the purpose of the continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c) the reference method referred to under the Relative Accuracy Test Procedure in Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part shall be Method 6. For the performance evaluation, each concentration measurement shall be of one hour duration. The pollutant gas used to prepare the calibration gas mixtures required under Performance Specification 2 of appendix B, and for calibration checks under § 60.13 (d), shall be sulfur dioxide.
(c) Six-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations shall be calculated and recorded daily for the four consecutive 6-hour periods of each operating day. Each six-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate six contiguous one-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations provided by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (b) of this section.
(d) For the purpose of reports required under § 60.7(c), periods of excess emissions that shall be reported are defined as follows:
(1) Opacity. Any six-minute period during which the average opacity, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (b) of this section, exceeds the standard under § 60.164(a).
(2) Sulfur dioxide. All six-hour periods during which the average emissions of sulfur dioxide, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (b) of this section, exceed the level of the standard. The Administrator will not consider emissions in excess of the level of the standard for less than or equal to 1.5 percent of the six-hour periods during the quarter as indicative of a potential violation of § 60.11(d) provided the affected facility, including air pollution control equipment, is maintained and operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions during these periods. Emissions in excess of the level of the standard during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction are not to be included within the 1.5 percent.
§ 60.166   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and visible emission standards in §§ 60.162, 60.163, and 60.164 as follows:
(1) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(2) The continuous monitoring system of § 60.165(b)(2) shall be used to determine the SO 2 concentrations on a dry basis. The sampling time for each run shall be 6 hours, and the average SO 2 concentration shall be computed for the 6-hour period as in § 60.165(c). The monitoring system drift during the run may not exceed 2 percent of the span value.
(3) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
§ 60.170   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities in primary zinc smelters: roaster and sintering machine.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 16, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.171   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Primary zinc smelter means any installation engaged in the production, or any intermediate process in the production, of zinc or zinc oxide from zinc sulfide ore concentrates through the use of pyrometallurgical techniques.
(b) Roaster means any facility in which a zinc sulfide ore concentrate charge is heated in the presence of air to eliminate a significant portion (more than 10 percent) of the sulfur contained in the charge.
(c) Sintering machine means any furnace in which calcines are heated in the presence of air to agglomerate the calcines into a hard porous mass called sinter.
(d) Sulfuric acid plant means any facility producing sulfuric acid by the contact process.
§ 60.172   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any sintering machine any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of 50 mg/dscm (0.022 gr/dscf).
§ 60.173   Standard for sulfur dioxide.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any roaster any gases which contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 0.065 percent by volume.
(b) Any sintering machine which eliminates more than 10 percent of the sulfur initially contained in the zinc sulfide ore concentrates will be considered as a roaster under paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 60.174   Standard for visible emissions.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any sintering machine any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility that uses a sulfuric acid plant to comply with the standard set forth in § 60.173, any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
§ 60.175   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any primary zinc smelter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install and operate:
(1) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record the opacity of gases discharged into the atmosphere from any sintering machine. The span of this system shall be set at 80 to 100 percent opacity.
(2) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record sulfur dioxide emissions discharged into the atmosphere from any roaster subject to § 60.173. The span of this system shall be set at a sulfur dioxide concentration of 0.20 percent by volume.
(i) The continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c) shall be completed prior to the initial performance test required under § 60.8.
(ii) For the purpose of the continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c), the reference method referred to under the Relative Accuracy Test Procedure in Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part shall be Method 6. For the performance evaluation, each concentration measurement shall be of 1 hour duration. The pollutant gas used to prepare the calibration gas mixtures required under Performance Specification 2 of appendix B, and for calibration checks under § 60.13(d), shall be sulfur dioxide.
(b) Two-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations shall be calculated and recorded daily for the 12 consecutive 2-hour periods of each operating day. Each 2-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate two contiguous 1-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations provided by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) For the purpose of reports required under § 60.7(c), periods of excess emissions that shall be reported are defined as follows:
(1) Opacity. Any 6-minute period during which the average opacity, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section, exceeds the standard under § 60.174(a).
(2) Sulfur dioxide. Any 2-hour period, as described in paragraph (b) of this section, during which the average emissions of sulfur dioxide, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section, exceeds the standard under § 60.173.
§ 60.176   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and visible emission standards in §§ 60.172, 60.173, and 60.174 as follows:
(1) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(2) The continuous monitoring system of § 60.175(a)(2) shall be used to determine the SO 2 concentrations on a dry basis. The sampling time for each run shall be 2 hours, and the average SO 2 concentration for the 2-hour period shall be computed as in § 60.175(b). The monitoring system drift during the run may not exceed 2 percent of the span value.
(3) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
§ 60.180   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities in primary lead smelters: sintering machine, sintering machine discharge end, blast furnace, dross reverberatory furnace, electric smelting furnace, and converter.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 16, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.181   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Primary lead smelter means any installation or any intermediate process engaged in the production of lead from lead sulfide ore concentrates through the use of pyrometallurgical techniques.
(b) Sintering machine means any furnace in which a lead sulfide ore concentrate charge is heated in the presence of air to eliminate sulfur contained in the charge and to agglomerate the charge into a hard porous mass called sinter.
(c) Sinter bed means the lead sulfide ore concentrate charge within a sintering machine.
(d) Sintering machine discharge end means any apparatus which receives sinter as it is discharged from the conveying grate of a sintering machine.
(e) Blast furnace means any reduction furnace to which sinter is charged and which forms separate layers of molten slag and lead bullion.
(f) Dross reverberatory furnace means any furnace used for the removal or refining of impurities from lead bullion.
(g) Electric smelting furnace means any furnace in which the heat necessary for smelting of the lead sulfide ore concentrate charge is generated by passing an electric current through a portion of the molten mass in the furnace.
(h) Converter means any vessel to which lead concentrate or bullion is charged and refined.
(i) Sulfuric acid plant means any facility producing sulfuric acid by the contact process.
§ 60.182   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any blast furnace, dross reverberatory furnace, or sintering machine discharge end any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of 50 mg/dscm (0.022 gr/dscf).
(b) [Reserved]
§ 60.183   Standard for sulfur dioxide.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any sintering machine, electric smelting furnace, or converter gases which contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 0.065 percent by volume.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 60.184   Standard for visible emissions.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any blast furnace, dross reverberatory furnace, or sintering machine discharge end any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility that uses a sulfuric acid plant to comply with the standard set forth in § 60.183, any visible emissions which exhibit greater than 20 percent opacity.
§ 60.185   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any primary lead smelter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install and operate:
(1) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record the opacity of gases discharged into the atmosphere from any blast furnace, dross reverberatory furnace, or sintering machine discharge end. The span of this system shall be set at 80 to 100 percent opacity.
(2) A continuous monitoring system to monitor and record sulfur dioxide emissions discharged into the atmosphere from any sintering machine, electric furnace or converter subject to § 60.183. The span of this system shall be set at a sulfur dioxide concentration of 0.20 percent by volume.
(i) The continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c) shall be completed prior to the initial performance test required under § 60.8.
(ii) For the purpose of the continuous monitoring system performance evaluation required under § 60.13(c), the reference method referred to under the Relative Accuracy Test Procedure in Performance Specification 2 of appendix B to this part shall be Method 6. For the performance evaluation, each concentration measurement shall be of one hour duration. The pollutant gases used to prepare the calibration gas mixtures required under Performance Specification 2 of appendix B, and for calibration checks under § 60.13(d), shall be sulfur dioxide.
(b) Two-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations shall be calculated and recorded daily for the twelve consecutive two-hour periods of each operating day. Each two-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate two contiguous one-hour average sulfur dioxide concentrations provided by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) For the purpose of reports required under § 60.7(c), periods of excess emissions that shall be reported are defined as follows:
(1) Opacity. Any six-minute period during which the average opacity, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section, exceeds the standard under § 60.184(a).
(2) Sulfur dioxide. Any two-hour period, as described in paragraph (b) of this section, during which the average emissions of sulfur dioxide, as measured by the continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph (a) of this section, exceeds the standard under § 60.183.
§ 60.186   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and visible emission standards in §§ 60.182, 60.183, and 60.184 as follows:
(1) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(2) The continuous monitoring system of § 60.185(a)(2) shall be used to determine the SO 2 concentrations on a dry basis. The sampling time for each run shall be 2 hours, and the average SO 2 concentration for the 2-hour period shall be computed as in § 60.185(b). The monitoring system drift during the run may not exceed 2 percent of the span value.
(3) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
§ 60.190   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facilities in primary aluminum reduction plants to which this subpart applies are potroom groups and anode bake plants.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any affected facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 23, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
(c) An owner or operator of an affected facility under paragraph (a) of this section may elect to comply with the requirements of this subpart or the requirements of subpart LL of part 63 of this chapter.
§ 60.191   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
Aluminum equivalent means an amount of aluminum which can be produced from a Mg of anodes produced by an anode bake plant as determined by § 60.195(g).
Anode bake plant means a facility which produces carbon anodes for use in a primary aluminum reduction plant.
Potroom means a building unit which houses a group of electrolytic cells in which aluminum is produced.
Potroom group means an uncontrolled potroom, a potroom which is controlled individually, or a group of potrooms or potroom segments ducted to a common control system.
Primary aluminum reduction plant means any facility manufacturing aluminum by electrolytic reduction.
Primary control system means an air pollution control system designed to remove gaseous and particulate flourides from exhaust gases which are captured at the cell.
Roof monitor means that portion of the roof of a potroom where gases not captured at the cell exit from the potroom.
Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.195 or by equivalent or alternative methods (see § 60.8(b)).
§ 60.192   Standard for fluorides.
(a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases containing total fluorides, as measured according to § 60.195, in excess of:
(1) 1.0 kg/Mg (2.0 lb/ton) of aluminum produced for potroom groups at Soderberg plants: except that emissions between 1.0 kg/Mg and 1.3 kg/Mg (2.6 lb/ton) will be considered in compliance if the owner or operator demonstrates that exemplary operation and maintenance procedures were used with respect to the emission control system and that proper control equipment was operating at the affected facility during the performance tests;
(2) 0.95 kg/Mg (1.9 lb/ton) of aluminum produced for potroom groups at prebake plants; except that emissions between 0.95 kg/Mg and 1.25 kg/Mg (2.5 lb/ton) will be considered in compliance if the owner or operator demonstrates that exemplary operation and maintenance procedures were used with respect to the emission control system and that proper control equipment was operating at the affected facility during the performance test; and
(3) 0.05 kg/Mg (0.1 lb/ton) of aluminum equivalent for anode bake plants.
(b) Within 30 days of any performance test which reveals emissions which fall between the 1.0 kg/Mg and 1.3 kg/Mg levels in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or between the 0.95 kg/Mg and 1.25 kg/Mg levels in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the owner or operator shall submit a report indicating whether all necessary control devices were on-line and operating properly during the performance test, describing the operating and maintenance procedures followed, and setting forth any explanation for the excess emissions, to the Director of the Enforcement Division of the appropriate EPA Regional Office.
§ 60.193   Standard for visible emissions.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
(1) From any potroom group any gases which exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater, or
(2) From any anode bake plant any gases which exhibit 20 percent opacity or greater.
§ 60.194   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any affected facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate monitoring devices which can be used to determine daily the weight of aluminum and anode produced. The weighing devices shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over their operating range.
(b) The owner or operator of any affected facility shall maintain a record of daily production rates of aluminum and anodes, raw material feed rates, and cell or potline voltages.
(c) Following the initial performance test as required under § 60.8(a), an owner or operator shall conduct a performance test at least once each month during the life of the affected facility, except when malfunctions prevent representative sampling, as provided under § 60.8(c). The owner or operator shall give the Administrator at least 15 days advance notice of each test. The Administrator may require additional testing under section 114 of the Clean Air Act.
(d) An owner or operator may petition the Administrator to establish an alternative testing requirement that requires testing less frequently than once each month for a primary control system or an anode bake plant. If the owner or operator show that emissions from the primary control system or the anode bake plant have low variability during day-to-day operations, the Administrator may establish such an alternative testing requirement. The alternative testing requirement shall include a testing schedule and, in the case of a primary control system, the method to be used to determine primary control system emissions for the purpose of performance tests. The Administrator shall publish the alternative testing requirement in the Federal Register.
(1) Alternative testing requirements are established for Anaconda Aluminum Company's Sebree plant in Henderson, Kentucky: The anode bake plant and primary control system are to be tested once a year rather than once a month.
(2) Alternative testing requirements are established for Alumax of South Carolina's Mt. Holly Plant in Mt. Holly, South Carolina: The anode bake plant and primary control system are to be tested once a year rather than once a month.
§ 60.195   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides and visible emission standards in §§ 60.192 and 60.193 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E p ) of total fluorides from potroom groups shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) The emission rate (E b ) of total fluorides from anode bake plants shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(3) Methods 13A or 13B shall be used for ducts or stacks, and Method 14 for roof monitors not employing stacks or pollutant collection systems, to determine the total fluorides concentration (C s ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sd ) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 8 hours and 6.80 dscm (240 dscf) for potroom groups and at least 4 hours and 3.40 dscm (120 dscf) for anode bake plants.
(4) The monitoring devices of § 60.194(a) shall be used to determine the daily weight of aluminum and anode produced.
(i) The aluminum production rate (P) shall be determined by dividing 720 hours into the weight of aluminum tapped from the affected facility during a period of 30 days before and including the final run of a performance test.
(ii) The aluminum equivalent production rate (P e ) for anodes shall be determined as 2 times the average weight of anode produced during a representative oven cycle divided by the cycle time. An owner or operator may establish a multiplication factor other than 2 by submitting production records of the amount of aluminum produced and the concurrent weight of anodes consumed by the potrooms.
(5) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
§ 60.200   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each wet-process phosphoric acid plant having a design capacity of more than 15 tons of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed per calendar day.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 22, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.201   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Wet-process phosphoric acid plant means any facility manufacturing phosphoric acid by reacting phosphate rock and acid. A wet-process phosphoric acid plant includes: Reactors, filters, evaporators, and hot wells.
(b) Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.204, or equivalent or alternative methods.
(c) Equivalent P 2 O 5 feed means the quantity of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus pentoxide, fed to the process.
§ 60.202   Standard for fluorides.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain total fluorides in excess of 10.0 g/Mg of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed (0.020 lb/ton).
§ 60.203   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any wet-process phosphoric acid plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which can be used to determine the mass flow of phosphorus-bearing feed material to the process. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(b) The owner or operator of any wet-process phosphoric acid plant shall maintain a daily record of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed by first determining the total mass rate in Mg/hr of phosphorus bearing feed using a monitoring device for measuring mass flowrate which meets the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and then by proceeding according to § 60.204(b)(3).
(c) The owner or operator of any wet-process phosphoric acid plant subject to the provisions of this part shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across the absorber. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(d) Any facility under § 60.200(a) that commences construction, modification or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this paragraph instead of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. If an absorber is used to comply with § 60.202, then the owner or operator shall continuously monitor pressure drop through the absorber and meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system (CMS) that continuously measures and permanently records the pressure at the gas stream inlet and outlet of the absorber. The pressure at the gas stream inlet of the absorber may be measured using amperage on the blower if a correlation between pressure and amperage is established.
(2) The CMS must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over the normal range measured or 0.12 kilopascals (0.5 inches of water column), whichever is greater.
(3) The owner or operator shall establish an allowable range for the pressure drop through the absorber. The allowable range is ±20 percent of the arithmetic average of the three test runs conducted during the performance test required in § 60.8. The Administrator retains the right to reduce the ±20 percent adjustment to the baseline average values of operating ranges in those instances where performance test results indicate that a source's level of emissions is near the value of an applicable emissions standard. However, the adjustment must not be reduced to less than ±10 percent under any instance.
(4) The owner or operator shall demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining the daily average pressure drop through the absorber to within the allowable range established in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. The daily average pressure drop through the absorber for each operating day shall be calculated using the data recorded by the monitoring system. If the emissions unit operation is continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the emissions unit operation is not continuous, the operating day is the total number of hours of control device operation per 24-hour period. Valid data points must be available for 75 percent of the operating hours in an operating day to compute the daily average.
§ 60.204   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides standard in § 60.202 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of total fluorides shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 13A or 13B shall be used to determine the total fluorides concentration (C si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas from each of the emission points. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The equivalent P 2 O 5 feed rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The accountability system of § 60.203(a) shall be used to determine the mass flow rate (M p ) of the phosphorus-bearing feed.
(ii) The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 9 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the P 2 O 5 content (R p ) of the feed.
§ 60.205   Recordkeeping.
Any facility under § 60.200(a) that commences construction, modification or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this section. You must maintain the records identified as specified in § 60.7(f) and in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. All records required by this subpart must be maintained on site for at least 5 years.
(a) Records of the daily average pressure. Records of the daily average pressure drop through the absorber.
(b) Records of deviations. A deviation is determined to have occurred when the monitoring data or lack of monitoring data result in any one of the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section being met.
(1) A deviation occurs when the daily average value of a monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum pressure drop, or greater than the maximum pressure drop established in § 60.203(d)(3).
(2) A deviation occurs when the monitoring data are not available for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in a day.
§ 60.210   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each superphosphoric acid plant having a design capacity of more than 15 tons of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed per calendar day.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 22, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.211   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Superphosphoric acid plant means any facility that concentrates wet-process phosphoric acid to 66 percent or greater P 2 O 5 content by weight for eventual consumption as a fertilizer. A superphosphoric acid plant includes: evaporators, hot wells, acid sumps, oxidation reactors, and cooling tanks. An oxidation reactor includes any equipment or step that uses an oxidizing agent ( e.g., nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, or potassium permanganate) to treat superphosphoric acid.
(b) Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.214, or equivalent or alternative methods.
(c) Equivalent P 2 O 5 feed means the quantity of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus pentoxide, fed to the process.
§ 60.212   Standard for fluorides.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain total fluorides in excess of 5.0 g/megagram (Mg) of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed (0.010 lb/ton).
(b) [Reserved]
§ 60.213   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any superphosphoric acid plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a flow monitoring device which can be used to determine the mass flow of phosphorus-bearing feed material to the process. The flow monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(b) The owner or operator of any superphosphoric acid plant shall maintain a daily record of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed by first determining the total mass rate in Mg/hr of phosphorus-bearing feed using a flow monitoring device meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and then by proceeding according to § 60.214(b)(3).
(c) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator of any superphosphoric acid plant subject to the provisions of this part shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across the absorber. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(d) Any affected facility as defined in § 60.210(a) that commences construction, modification or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this paragraph instead of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. If an absorber is used to comply with § 60.212, then the owner or operator shall continuously monitor pressure drop through the absorber and meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system (CMS) that continuously measures and permanently records the pressure at the gas stream inlet and outlet of the absorber. The pressure at the gas stream inlet of the absorber may be measured using amperage on the blower if a correlation between pressure and amperage is established.
(2) The CMS must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over the normal range measured or 0.12 kilopascals (0.5 inches of water column), whichever is greater.
(3) The owner or operator shall establish an allowable range for the pressure drop through the absorber. The allowable range is ±20 percent of the arithmetic average of the three test runs conducted during the performance test required in § 60.8. The Administrator retains the right to reduce the ±20 percent adjustment to the baseline average values of operating ranges in those instances where performance test results indicate that a source's level of emissions is near the value of an applicable emissions standard. However, the adjustment must not be reduced to less than ±10 percent under any instance.
(4) The owner or operator shall demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining the daily average pressure drop through the absorber to within the allowable range established in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. The daily average pressure drop through the absorber for each operating day shall be calculated using the data recorded by the monitoring system. If the emissions unit operation is continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the emissions unit operation is not continuous, the operating day is the total number of hours of control device operation per 24-hour period. Valid data points must be available for 75 percent of the operating hours in an operating day to compute the daily average.
§ 60.214   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides standard in § 60.212 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of total fluorides shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 13A or 13B shall be used to determine the total fluorides concentration (C si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas from each of the emission points. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The equivalent P 2 O 5 feed rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The accountability system of § 60.213(a) shall be used to determine the mass flow rate (M p ) of the phosphorus-bearing feed.
(ii) The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 9 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the P 2 O 5 content (R p ) of the feed.
§ 60.215   Recordkeeping.
An affected facility as defined in § 60.210(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this section. You must maintain the records identified as specified in § 60.7(f) and in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. All records required by this subpart must be maintained on site for at least 5 years.
(a) Records of the daily average pressure. Records of the daily average pressure drop through the absorber.
(b) Records of deviations. A deviation is determined to have occurred when the monitoring data or lack of monitoring data result in any one of the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section being met.
(1) A deviation occurs when the daily average value of a monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum pressure drop, or greater than the maximum pressure drop established in § 60.213(d)(3).
(2) A deviation occurs when the monitoring data are not available for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in a day.
§ 60.220   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each granular diammonium phosphate plant having a design capacity of more than 15 tons of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed per calendar day. For the purpose of this subpart, the affected facility includes any combination of: reactors, granulators, dryers, coolers, screens, and mills.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 22, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.221   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Granular diammonium phosphate plant means any plant manufacturing granular diammonium phosphate by reacting phosphoric acid with ammonia.
(b) Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.224, or equivalent or alternative methods.
(c) Equivalent P 2 O 5 feed means the quantity of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus pentoxide, fed to the process.
§ 60.222   Standard for fluorides.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain total fluorides in excess of 30 g/megagram (Mg) of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed (0.060 lb/ton).
(b) [Reserved]
§ 60.223   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any granular diammonium phosphate plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a flow monitoring device which can be used to determine the mass flow of phosphorus-bearing feed material to the process. The flow monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(b) The owner or operator of any granular diammonium phosphate plant shall maintain a daily record of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed by first determining the total mass rate in Mg/hr of phosphorus-bearing feed using a flow monitoring device meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and then by proceeding according to § 60.224(b)(3).
(c) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator of any granular diammonium phosphate plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across the scrubbing system. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(d) Any affected facility as defined in § 60.220(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this paragraph instead of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. If an absorber is used to comply with § 60.222, then the owner or operator shall continuously monitor pressure drop through the absorber and meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system (CMS) that continuously measures and permanently records the pressure at the gas stream inlet and outlet of the absorber. The pressure at the gas stream inlet of the absorber may be measured using amperage on the blower if a correlation between pressure and amperage is established.
(2) The CMS must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over the normal range measured or 0.12 kilopascals (0.5 inches of water column), whichever is greater.
(3) The owner or operator shall establish an allowable range for the pressure drop through the absorber. The allowable range is ±20 percent of the arithmetic average of the three test runs conducted during the performance test required in § 60.8. The Administrator retains the right to reduce the ±20 percent adjustment to the baseline average values of operating ranges in those instances where performance test results indicate that a source's level of emissions is near the value of an applicable emissions standard. However, the adjustment must not be reduced to less than ±10 percent under any instance.
(4) The owner or operator shall demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining the daily average pressure drop through the absorber to within the allowable range established in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. The daily average pressure drop through the absorber for each operating day shall be calculated using the data recorded by the monitoring system. If the emissions unit operation is continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the emissions unit operation is not continuous, the operating day is the total number of hours of control device operation per 24-hour period. Valid data points must be available for 75 percent of the operating hours in an operating day to compute the daily average.
§ 60.224   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides standard in § 60.222 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of total fluorides shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 13A or 13B shall be used to determine the total fluorides concentration (C si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas from each of the emission points. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The equivalent P 2 O 5 feed rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The accountability system of § 60.223(a) shall be used to determine the mass flow rate (M p ) of the phosphorus-bearing feed.
(ii) The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 9 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the P 2 O 5 content (R p ) of the feed.
§ 60.225   Recordkeeping.
An affected facility as defined in § 60.220(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this section. You must maintain the records identified as specified in § 60.7(f) and in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. All records required by this subpart must be maintained on site for at least 5 years.
(a) Records of the daily average pressure drop through the absorber.
(b) Records of deviations. A deviation is determined to have occurred when the monitoring data or lack of monitoring data result in any one of the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section being met.
(1) A deviation occurs when the daily average value of a monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum pressure drop, or greater than the maximum pressure drop established in § 60.223(d)(3).
(2) A deviation occurs when the monitoring data are not available for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in a day.
§ 60.230   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each triple superphosphate plant having a design capacity of more than 15 tons of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed per calendar day. For the purpose of this subpart, the affected facility includes any combination of: mixers, curing belts (dens), reactors, granulators, dryers, coolers, screens, mills, and facilities that store run-of-pile triple superphosphate.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 22, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.231   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Triple superphosphate plant means any facility manufacturing triple superphosphate by reacting phosphate rock with phosphoric acid. A run-of-pile triple superphosphate plant includes curing and storing.
(b) Run-of-pile triple superphosphate means any triple superphosphate that has not been processed in a granulator and is composed of particles at least 25 percent by weight of which (when not caked) will pass through a 16 mesh screen.
(c) Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.234, or equivalent or alternative methods.
(d) Equivalent P 2 O 5 feed means the quantity of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus pentoxide, fed to the process.
§ 60.232   Standard for fluorides.
On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain total fluorides in excess of 100 g/megagram (Mg) of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed (0.20 lb/ton).
§ 60.233   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any triple superphosphate plant subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a flow monitoring device that can be used to determine the mass flow of phosphorus-bearing feed material to the process. The flow monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(b) The owner or operator of any triple superphosphate plant shall maintain a daily record of equivalent P 2 O 5 feed by first determining the total mass rate in Mg/hr of phosphorus-bearing feed using a flow monitoring device meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and then by proceeding according to § 60.234(b)(3).
(c) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator of any triple superphosphate plant subject to the provisions of this part shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device that continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across the absorber. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(d) Any facility under § 60.230(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this paragraph instead of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. If an absorber is used to comply with § 60.232, then the owner or operator shall continuously monitor pressure drop through the absorber and meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system (CMS) that continuously measures and permanently records the pressure at the gas stream inlet and outlet of the absorber. The pressure at the gas stream inlet of the absorber may be measured using amperage on the blower if a correlation between pressure and amperage is established.
(2) The CMS must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over the normal range measured or 0.12 kilopascals (0.5 inches of water column), whichever is greater.
(3) The owner or operator shall establish an allowable range for the pressure drop through the absorber. The allowable range is ±20 percent of the arithmetic average of the three test runs conducted during the performance test required in § 60.8. The Administrator retains the right to reduce the ±20 percent adjustment to the baseline average values of operating ranges in those instances where performance test results indicate that a source's level of emissions is near the value of an applicable emissions standard. However, the adjustment must not be reduced to less than ±10 percent under any instance.
(4) The owner or operator shall demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining the daily average pressure drop through the absorber to within the allowable range established in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. The daily average pressure drop through the absorber for each operating day shall be calculated using the data recorded by the monitoring system. If the emissions unit operation is continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the emissions unit operation is not continuous, the operating day is the total number of hours of control device operation per 24-hour period. Valid data points must be available for 75 percent of the operating hours in an operating day to compute the daily average.
§ 60.234   Test methods and procedures.
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides standards in § 60.232 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of total fluorides shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 13A or 13b shall be used to determine the total fluorides concentration (C si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas from each of the emission points. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The equivalent P 2 O 5 feed rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The accountability system of § 60.233(a) shall be used to determine the mass flow rate (M p ) of the phosphorus-bearing feed.
(ii) The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 9 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the P 2 O 5 content (R p ) of the feed.
§ 60.235   Recordkeeping.
Any facility under § 60.230(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this section. You must maintain the records identified as specified in § 60.7(f) and in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. All records required by this subpart must be maintained onsite for at least 5 years.
(a) Records of the daily average pressure drop through the absorber.
(b) Records of deviations. A deviation is determined to have occurred when the monitoring data or lack of monitoring data result in any one of the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section being met.
(1) A deviation occurs when the daily average value of a monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum pressure drop, or greater than the maximum pressure drop established in § 60.233(d)(3).
(2) A deviation occurs when the monitoring data are not available for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in a day.
§ 60.240   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The affected facility to which the provisions of this subpart apply is each granular triple superphosphate storage facility. For the purpose of this subpart, the affected facility includes any combination of: Storage or curing piles, conveyors, elevators, screens and mills.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 22, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.241   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Granular triple superphosphate storage facility means any facility curing or storing fresh granular triple superphosphate.
(b) Total fluorides means elemental fluorine and all fluoride compounds as measured by reference methods specified in § 60.244, or equivalent or alternative methods.
(c) Equivalent P 2 O 5 stored means the quantity of phosphorus, expressed as phosphorus pentoxide, being cured or stored in the affected facility.
(d) Fresh granular triple superphosphate means granular triple superphosphate produced within the preceding 72 hours.
§ 60.242   Standard for fluorides.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any affected facility any gases which contain total fluorides in excess of 0.25 g/hr/megagram (Mg) of equivalent P 2 O 5 stored (5.0 × 10 −4 lb/hr/ton of equivalent P 2 O 5 stored).
(b) No owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall ship fresh granular triple superphosphate from an affected facility.
§ 60.243   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any granular triple superphosphate storage facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain an accurate account of triple superphosphate in storage to permit the determination of the amount of equivalent P 2 O 5 stored.
(b) The owner or operator of any granular triple superphosphate storage facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain a daily record of total equivalent P 2 O 5 stored by multiplying the percentage P 2 O 5 content, as determined by § 60.244(c)(3), times the total mass of granular triple superphosphate stored.
(c) Except as specified in paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator of any granular triple superphosphate storage facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device that continuously measures and permanently records the total pressure drop across any absorber. The monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(d) The owner or operator of any granular triple superphosphate storage facility subject to the provisions of this subpart shall develop for approval by the Administrator a site-specific methodology including sufficient recordkeeping for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with § 60.242 (b).
(e) Any facility under § 60.240(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this paragraph instead of the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. If an absorber is used to comply with § 60.232, then the owner or operator shall continuously monitor pressure drop through the absorber and meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous monitoring system (CMS) that continuously measures and permanently records the pressure at the gas stream inlet and outlet of the absorber. The pressure at the gas stream inlet of the absorber may be measured using amperage on the blower if a correlation between pressure and amperage is established.
(2) The CMS must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over the normal range measured or 0.12 kilopascals (0.5 inches of water column), whichever is greater.
(3) The owner or operator shall establish an allowable range for the pressure drop through the absorber. The allowable range is ±20 percent of the arithmetic average of the three test runs conducted during the performance test required in § 60.8. The Administrator retains the right to reduce the ±20 percent adjustment to the baseline average values of operating ranges in those instances where performance test results indicate that a source's level of emissions is near the value of an applicable emissions standard. However, the adjustment must not be reduced to less than ±10 percent under any instance.
(4) The owner or operator shall demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining the daily average pressure drop through the absorber to within the allowable range established in paragraph (e)(3) of this section. The daily average pressure drop through the absorber for each operating day shall be calculated using the data recorded by the monitoring system. If the emissions unit operation is continuous, the operating day is a 24-hour period. If the emissions unit operation is not continuous, the operating day is the total number of hours of control device operation per 24-hour period. Valid data points must be available for 75 percent of the operating hours in an operating day to compute the daily average.
§ 60.244   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The owner or operator shall conduct performance tests required in § 60.8 only when the following quantities of product are being cured or stored in the facility.
(1) Total granular triple superphosphate is at least 10 percent of the building capacity, and
(2) Fresh granular triple superphosphate is at least 6 percent of the total amount of triple superphosphate, or
(3) If the provision in paragraph (a)(2) of this section exceeds production capabilities for fresh granular triple superphosphate, fresh granular triple superphosphate is equal to at least 5 days maximum production.
(b) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the total fluorides standard in § 60.242 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of total fluorides shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 13A or 13B shall be used to determine the total fluorides concentration (C si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas from each of the emission points. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf).
(3) The equivalent P 2 O 5 feed rate (P) shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(i) The accountability system of § 60.243(a) shall be used to determine the amount of product (M p ) in storage.
(ii) The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) Method 9 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the P 2 O 5 content (R p ) of the product in storage.
§ 60.245   Recordkeeping.
Any facility under § 60.240(a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after November 7, 2014 is subject to the requirements of this section. You must maintain the records identified as specified in § 60.7(f) and in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. All records required by this subpart must be maintained onsite for at least 5 years.
(a) Records of the daily average pressure drop through the absorber.
(b) Records of deviations. A deviation is determined to have occurred when the monitoring data or lack of monitoring data result in any one of the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section being met.
(1) A deviation occurs when the daily average value of a monitored operating parameter is less than the minimum pressure drop, or greater than the maximum pressure drop established in § 60.243(e)(3).
(2) A deviation occurs when the monitoring data are not available for at least 75 percent of the operating hours in a day.
§ 60.250   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to affected facilities in coal preparation and processing plants that process more than 181 megagrams (Mg) (200 tons) of coal per day.
(b) The provisions in §§ 60.251, 60.252(a), 60.253(a), 60.254(a), 60.255(a), and 60.256(a) of this subpart are applicable to any of the following affected facilities that commenced construction, reconstruction or modification after October 27, 1974, and on or before April 28, 2008: Thermal dryers, pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment (air tables), coal processing and conveying equipment (including breakers and crushers), and coal storage systems, transfer and loading systems.
(c) The provisions in §§ 60.251, 60.252(b)(1) and (c), 60.253(b), 60.254(b), 60.255(b) through (h), 60.256(b) and (c), 60.257, and 60.258 of this subpart are applicable to any of the following affected facilities that commenced construction, reconstruction or modification after April 28, 2008, and on or before May 27, 2009: Thermal dryers, pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment (air tables), coal processing and conveying equipment (including breakers and crushers), and coal storage systems, transfer and loading systems.
(d) The provisions in §§ 60.251, 60.252(b)(1) through (3), and (c), 60.253(b), 60.254(b) and (c), 60.255(b) through (h), 60.256(b) and (c), 60.257, and 60.258 of this subpart are applicable to any of the following affected facilities that commenced construction, reconstruction or modification after May 27, 2009: Thermal dryers, pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment (air tables), coal processing and conveying equipment (including breakers and crushers), coal storage systems, transfer and loading systems, and open storage piles.
§ 60.251   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act (Act) and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Anthracite means coal that is classified as anthracite according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(b) Bag leak detection system means a system that is capable of continuously monitoring relative particulate matter (dust loadings) in the exhaust of a fabric filter to detect bag leaks and other upset conditions. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other effect to continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
(c) Bituminous coal means solid fossil fuel classified as bituminous coal by ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference— see § 60.17).
(d) Coal means:
(1) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before May 27, 2009, all solid fossil fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference— see § 60.17).
(2) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 27, 2009, all solid fossil fuels classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference— see § 60.17), and coal refuse.
(e) Coal preparation and processing plant means any facility (excluding underground mining operations) which prepares coal by one or more of the following processes: breaking, crushing, screening, wet or dry cleaning, and thermal drying.
(f) Coal processing and conveying equipment means any machinery used to reduce the size of coal or to separate coal from refuse, and the equipment used to convey coal to or remove coal and refuse from the machinery. This includes, but is not limited to, breakers, crushers, screens, and conveyor belts. Equipment located at the mine face is not considered to be part of the coal preparation and processing plant.
(g) Coal refuse means waste products of coal mining, physical coal cleaning, and coal preparation operations (e.g., culm, gob, etc. ) containing coal, matrix material, clay, and other organic and inorganic material.
(h) Coal storage system means any facility used to store coal except for open storage piles.
(i) Design controlled potential PM emissions rate means the theoretical particulate matter (PM) emissions (Mg) that would result from the operation of a control device at its design emissions rate (grams per dry standard cubic meter (g/dscm)), multiplied by the maximum design flow rate (dry standard cubic meter per minute (dscm/min)), multiplied by 60 (minutes per hour (min/hr)), multiplied by 8,760 (hours per year (hr/yr)), divided by 1,000,000 (megagrams per gram (Mg/g)).
(j) Indirect thermal dryer means a thermal dryer that reduces the moisture content of coal through indirect heating of the coal through contact with a heat transfer medium. If the source of heat (the source of combustion or furnace) is subject to another subpart of this part, then the furnace and the associated emissions are not part of the affected facility. However, if the source of heat is not subject to another subpart of this part, then the furnace and the associated emissions are part of the affected facility.
(k) Lignite means coal that is classified as lignite A or B according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(l) Mechanical vent means any vent that uses a powered mechanical drive (machine) to induce air flow.
(m) Open storage pile means any facility, including storage area, that is not enclosed that is used to store coal, including the equipment used in the loading, unloading, and conveying operations of the facility.
(n) Operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which coal is prepared or processed at any time by the affected facility. It is not necessary that coal be prepared or processed the entire 24-hour period.
(o) Pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment means:
(1) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before May 27, 2009, any facility which classifies bituminous coal by size or separates bituminous coal from refuse by application of air stream(s).
(2) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 27, 2009, any facility which classifies coal by size or separates coal from refuse by application of air stream(s).
(p) Potential combustion concentration means the theoretical emissions (nanograms per joule (ng/J) or pounds per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu) heat input) that would result from combustion of a fuel in an uncleaned state without emission control systems, as determined using Method 19 of appendix A-7 of this part.
(q) Subbituminous coal means coal that is classified as subbituminous A, B, or C according to the American Society of Testing and Materials in ASTM D388 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(r) Thermal dryer means:
(1) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before May 27, 2009, any facility in which the moisture content of bituminous coal is reduced by contact with a heated gas stream which is exhausted to the atmosphere.
(2) For units constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 27, 2009, any facility in which the moisture content of coal is reduced by either contact with a heated gas stream which is exhausted to the atmosphere or through indirect heating of the coal through contact with a heated heat transfer medium.
(s) Transfer and loading system means any facility used to transfer and load coal for shipment.
§ 60.252   Standards for thermal dryers.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of a thermal dryer constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before April 28, 2008, subject to the provisions of this subpart must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the thermal dryer any gases which contain PM in excess of 0.070 g/dscm (0.031 grains per dry standard cubic feet (gr/dscf)); and
(2) The owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the thermal dryer any gases which exhibit 20 percent opacity or greater.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, on and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of a thermal dryer constructed, reconstructed, or modified after April 28, 2008, subject to the provisions of this subpart must meet the applicable standards for PM and opacity, as specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. In addition, and except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, on and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of a thermal dryer constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 29, 2009, subject to the provisions of this subpart must also meet the applicable standards for sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), and combined nitrogen oxides (NO X ) and carbon monoxide (CO) as specified in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator must meet the requirements for PM emissions in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable to the affected facility.
(i) For each thermal dryer constructed or reconstructed after April 28, 2008, the owner or operator must meet the requirements of (b)(1)(i)(A) and (b)(1)(i)(B).
(A) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the thermal dryer any gases that contain PM in excess of 0.023 g/dscm (0.010 grains per dry standard cubic feet (gr/dscf)); and
(B) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the thermal dryer any gases that exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater.
(ii) For each thermal dryer modified after April 28, 2008, the owner or operator must meet the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)(A) and (b)(1)(ii)(B) of this section.
(A) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged to the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases which contain PM in excess of 0.070 g/dscm (0.031 gr/dscf); and
(B) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases which exhibit 20 percent opacity or greater.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of this section, for each thermal dryer constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 27, 2009, the owner or operator must meet the requirements for SO 2 emissions in either paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that contain SO 2 in excess of 85 ng/J (0.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input; or
(ii) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases that either contain SO 2 in excess of 520 ng/J (1.20 lb/MMBtu) heat input or contain SO 2 in excess of 10 percent of the potential combustion concentration ( i.e., the facility must achieve at least a 90 percent reduction of the potential combustion concentration and may not exceed a maximum emissions rate of 1.2 lb/MMBtu (520 ng/J)).
(iii) Thermal dryers that receive all of their thermal input from a source other than coal or residual oil, that receive all of their thermal input from a source subject to an SO 2 limit under another subpart of this part, or that use waste heat or residual from the combustion of coal or residual oil as their only thermal input are not subject to the SO 2 limits of this section.
(3) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section, the owner or operator must meet the requirements for combined NO X and CO emissions in paragraph (b)(3)(i) or (b)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable to the affected facility.
(i) For each thermal dryer constructed after May 27, 2009, the owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases which contain a combined concentration of NO X and CO in excess of 280 ng/J (0.65 lb/MMBtu) heat input.
(ii) For each thermal dryer reconstructed or modified after May 27, 2009, the owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases which contain combined concentration of NO X and CO in excess of 430 ng/J (1.0 lb/MMBtu) heat input.
(iii) Thermal dryers that receive all of their thermal input from a source other than coal or residual oil, that receive all of their thermal input from a source subject to a NO X limit and/or CO limit under another subpart of this part, or that use waste heat or residual from the combustion of coal or residual oil as their only thermal input, are not subject to the combined NO X and CO limits of this section.
(c) Thermal dryers receiving all of their thermal input from an affected facility covered under another 40 CFR Part 60 subpart must meet the applicable requirements in that subpart but are not subject to the requirements in this subpart.
§ 60.253   Standards for pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before April 28, 2008, must meet the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment any gases that contain PM in excess of 0.040 g/dscm (0.017 gr/dscf); and
(2) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment any gases that exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment constructed, reconstructed, or modified after April 28, 2008, must meet the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(1) The owner of operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment any gases that contain PM in excess or 0.023 g/dscm (0.010 gr/dscf); and
(2) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the pneumatic coal-cleaning equipment any gases that exhibit greater than 5 percent opacity.
§ 60.254   Standards for coal processing and conveying equipment, coal storage systems, transfer and loading systems, and open storage piles.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any coal processing and conveying equipment, coal storage system, or coal transfer and loading system processing coal constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before April 28, 2008, gases which exhibit 20 percent opacity or greater.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test is conducted or required to be completed under § 60.8, whichever date comes first, an owner or operator of any coal processing and conveying equipment, coal storage system, or coal transfer and loading system processing coal constructed, reconstructed, or modified after April 28, 2008, must meet the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, as applicable to the affected facility.
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the affected facility any gases which exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater.
(2) The owner or operator must not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any mechanical vent on an affected facility gases which contain particulate matter in excess of 0.023 g/dscm (0.010 gr/dscf).
(3) Equipment used in the loading, unloading, and conveying operations of open storage piles are not subject to the opacity limitations of paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(c) The owner or operator of an open storage pile, which includes the equipment used in the loading, unloading, and conveying operations of the affected facility, constructed, reconstructed, or modified after May 27, 2009, must prepare and operate in accordance with a submitted fugitive coal dust emissions control plan that is appropriate for the site conditions as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) The fugitive coal dust emissions control plan must identify and describe the control measures the owner or operator will use to minimize fugitive coal dust emissions from each open storage pile.
(2) For open coal storage piles, the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan must require that one or more of the following control measures be used to minimize to the greatest extent practicable fugitive coal dust: Locating the source inside a partial enclosure, installing and operating a water spray or fogging system, applying appropriate chemical dust suppression agents on the source (when the provisions of paragraph (c)(6) of this section are met), use of a wind barrier, compaction, or use of a vegetative cover. The owner or operator must select, for inclusion in the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan, the control measure or measures listed in this paragraph that are most appropriate for site conditions. The plan must also explain how the measure or measures selected are applicable and appropriate for site conditions. In addition, the plan must be revised as needed to reflect any changing conditions at the source.
(3) Any owner or operator of an affected facility that is required to have a fugitive coal dust emissions control plan may petition the Administrator to approve, for inclusion in the plan for the affected facility, alternative control measures other than those specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section as specified in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) The petition must include a description of the alternative control measures, a copy of the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan for the affected facility that includes the alternative control measures, and information sufficient for EPA to evaluate the demonstrations required by paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section.
(ii) The owner or operator must either demonstrate that the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan that includes the alternate control measures will provide equivalent overall environmental protection or demonstrate that it is either economically or technically infeasible for the affected facility to use the control measures specifically identified in paragraph (c)(2).
(iii) While the petition is pending, the owner or operator must comply with the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan including the alternative control measures submitted with the petition. Operation in accordance with the plan submitted with the petition shall be deemed to constitute compliance with the requirement to operate in accordance with a fugitive coal dust emissions control plan that contains one of the control measures specifically identified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section while the petition is pending.
(iv) If the petition is approved by the Administrator, the alternative control measures will be approved for inclusion in the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan for the affected facility. In lieu of amending this subpart, a letter will be sent to the facility describing the specific control measures approved. The facility shall make any such letters and the applicable fugitive coal dust emissions control plan available to the public. If the Administrator determines it is appropriate, the conditions and requirements of the letter can be reviewed and changed at any point.
(4) The owner or operator must submit the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan to the Administrator or delegated authority as specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) and (c)(4)(ii) of this section.
(i) The plan must be submitted to the Administrator or delegated authority prior to startup of the new, reconstructed, or modified affected facility, or 30 days after the effective date of this rule, whichever is later.
(ii) The plan must be revised as needed to reflect any changing conditions at the source. Such revisions must be dated and submitted to the Administrator or delegated authority before a source can operate pursuant to these revisions. The Administrator or delegated authority may also object to such revisions as specified in paragraph (c)(5) of this section.
(5) The Administrator or delegated authority may object to the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan as specified in paragraphs (c)(5)(i) and (c)(5)(ii) of this section.
(i) The Administrator or delegated authority may object to any fugitive coal dust emissions control plan that it has determined does not meet the requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.
(ii) If an objection is raised, the owner or operator, within 30 days from receipt of the objection, must submit a revised fugitive coal dust emissions control plan to the Administrator or delegated authority. The owner or operator must operate in accordance with the revised fugitive coal dust emissions control plan. The Administrator or delegated authority retain the right, under paragraph (c)(5) of this section, to object to the revised control plan if it determines the plan does not meet the requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.
(6) Where appropriate chemical dust suppression agents are selected by the owner or operator as a control measure to minimize fugitive coal dust emissions, (1) only chemical dust suppressants with Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-compliant material safety data sheets (MSDS) are to be allowed; (2) the MSDS must be included in the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan; and (3) the owner or operator must consider and document in the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan the site-specific impacts associated with the use of such chemical dust suppressants.
§ 60.255   Performance tests and other compliance requirements.
(a) An owner or operator of each affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification on or before April 28, 2008, must conduct all performance tests required by § 60.8 to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission standards using the methods identified in § 60.257.
(b) An owner or operator of each affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, must conduct performance tests according to the requirements of § 60.8 and the methods identified in § 60.257 to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emissions standards in this subpart as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) For each affected facility subject to a PM, SO 2 , or combined NO X and CO emissions standard, an initial performance test must be performed. Thereafter, a new performance test must be conducted according the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) If the results of the most recent performance test demonstrate that emissions from the affected facility are greater than 50 percent of the applicable emissions standard, a new performance test must be conducted within 12 calendar months of the date that the previous performance test was required to be completed.
(ii) If the results of the most recent performance test demonstrate that emissions from the affected facility are 50 percent or less of the applicable emissions standard, a new performance test must be conducted within 24 calendar months of the date that the previous performance test was required to be completed.
(iii) An owner or operator of an affected facility that has not operated for the 60 calendar days prior to the due date of a performance test is not required to perform the subsequent performance test until 30 calendar days after the next operating day.
(2) For each affected facility subject to an opacity standard, an initial performance test must be performed. Thereafter, a new performance test must be conducted according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable, except as provided for in paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section. Performance test and other compliance requirements for coal truck dump operations are specified in paragraph (h) of this section.
(i) If any 6-minute average opacity reading in the most recent performance test exceeds half the applicable opacity limit, a new performance test must be conducted within 90 operating days of the date that the previous performance test was required to be completed.
(ii) If all 6-minute average opacity readings in the most recent performance test are equal to or less than half the applicable opacity limit, a new performance test must be conducted within 12 calendar months of the date that the previous performance test was required to be completed.
(iii) An owner or operator of an affected facility continuously monitoring scrubber parameters as specified in § 60.256(b)(2) is exempt from the requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) if opacity performance tests are conducted concurrently with (or within a 60-minute period of) PM performance tests.
(c) If any affected coal processing and conveying equipment ( e.g., breakers, crushers, screens, conveying systems), coal storage systems, or coal transfer and loading systems that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, are enclosed in a building, and emissions from the building do not exceed any of the standards in § 60.254 that apply to the affected facility, then the facility shall be deemed to be in compliance with such standards.
(d) An owner or operator of an affected facility (other than a thermal dryer) that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, is subject to a PM emission standard and uses a control device with a design controlled potential PM emissions rate of 1.0 Mg (1.1 tons) per year or less is exempted from the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section provided that the owner or operator meets all of the conditions specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section. This exemption does not apply to thermal dryers.
(1) PM emissions, as determined by the most recent performance test, are less than or equal to the applicable limit,
(2) The control device manufacturer's recommended maintenance procedures are followed, and
(3) All 6-minute average opacity readings from the most recent performance test are equal to or less than half the applicable opacity limit or the monitoring requirements in paragraphs (e) or (f) of this section are followed.
(e) For an owner or operator of a group of up to five of the same type of affected facilities that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, that are subject to PM emissions standards and use identical control devices, the Administrator or delegated authority may allow the owner or operator to use a single PM performance test for one of the affected control devices to demonstrate that the group of affected facilities is in compliance with the applicable emissions standards provided that the owner or operator meets all of the conditions specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) PM emissions from the most recent performance test for each individual affected facility are 90 percent or less of the applicable PM standard;
(2) The manufacturer's recommended maintenance procedures are followed for each control device; and
(3) A performance test is conducted on each affected facility at least once every 5 calendar years.
(f) As an alternative to meeting the requirements in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, an owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, may elect to comply with the requirements in paragraph (f)(1) or (f)(2) of this section.
(1) Monitor visible emissions from each affected facility according to the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) Conduct one daily 15-second observation each operating day for each affected facility (during normal operation) when the coal preparation and processing plant is in operation. Each observation must be recorded as either visible emissions observed or no visible emissions observed. Each observer determining the presence of visible emissions must meet the training requirements specified in § 2.3 of Method 22 of appendix A-7 of this part. If visible emissions are observed during any 15-second observation, the owner or operator must adjust the operation of the affected facility and demonstrate within 24 hours that no visible emissions are observed from the affected facility. If visible emissions are observed, a Method 9, of appendix A-4 of this part, performance test must be conducted within 45 operating days.
(ii) Conduct monthly visual observations of all process and control equipment. If any deficiencies are observed, the necessary maintenance must be performed as expeditiously as possible.
(iii) Conduct a performance test using Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part at least once every 5 calendar years for each affected facility.
(2) Prepare a written site-specific monitoring plan for a digital opacity compliance system for approval by the Administrator or delegated authority. The plan shall require observations of at least one digital image every 15 seconds for 10-minute periods (during normal operation) every operating day. An approvable monitoring plan must include a demonstration that the occurrences of visible emissions are not in excess of 5 percent of the observation period. For reference purposes in preparing the monitoring plan, see OAQPS “Determination of Visible Emission Opacity from Stationary Sources Using Computer-Based Photographic Analysis Systems.” This document is available from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA); Office of Air Quality and Planning Standards; Sector Policies and Programs Division; Measurement Group (D243-02), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. This document is also available on the Technology Transfer Network (TTN) under Emission Measurement Center Preliminary Methods. The monitoring plan approved by the Administrator or delegated authority shall be implemented by the owner or operator.
(g) As an alternative to meeting the requirements in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, an owner or operator of an affected facility that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, subject to a visible emissions standard under this subpart may install, operate, and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS). Each COMS used to comply with provisions of this subpart must be installed, calibrated, maintained, and continuously operated according to the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The COMS must meet Performance Specification 1 in 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(2) The COMS must comply with the quality assurance requirements in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) The owner or operator must automatically (intrinsic to the opacity monitor) check the zero and upscale (span) calibration drifts at least once daily. For particular COMS, the acceptable range of zero and upscale calibration materials is as defined in the applicable version of Performance Specification 1 in 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(ii) The owner or operator must adjust the zero and span whenever the 24-hour zero drift or 24-hour span drift exceeds 4 percent opacity. The COMS must allow for the amount of excess zero and span drift measured at the 24-hour interval checks to be recorded and quantified. The optical surfaces exposed to the effluent gases must be cleaned prior to performing the zero and span drift adjustments, except for systems using automatic zero adjustments. For systems using automatic zero adjustments, the optical surfaces must be cleaned when the cumulative automatic zero compensation exceeds 4 percent opacity.
(iii) The owner or operator must apply a method for producing a simulated zero opacity condition and an upscale (span) opacity condition using a certified neutral density filter or other related technique to produce a known obscuration of the light beam. All procedures applied must provide a system check of the analyzer internal optical surfaces and all electronic circuitry including the lamp and photodetector assembly.
(iv) Except during periods of system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments, the COMS must be in continuous operation and must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period.
(v) The owner or operator must reduce all data from the COMS to 6-minute averages. Six-minute opacity averages must be calculated from 36 or more data points equally spaced over each 6-minute period. Data recorded during periods of system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments must not be included in the data averages. An arithmetic or integrated average of all data may be used.
(h) The owner or operator of each affected coal truck dump operation that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (h)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Conduct an initial performance test using Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part according to the requirements in paragraphs (h)(1)(i) and(ii).
(i) Opacity readings shall be taken during the duration of three separate truck dump events. Each truck dump event commences when the truck bed begins to elevate and concludes when the truck bed returns to a horizontal position.
(ii) Compliance with the applicable opacity limit is determined by averaging all 15-second opacity readings made during the duration of three separate truck dump events.
(2) Conduct monthly visual observations of all process and control equipment. If any deficiencies are observed, the necessary maintenance must be performed as expeditiously as possible.
(3) Conduct a performance test using Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part at least once every 5 calendar years for each affected facility.
§ 60.256   Continuous monitoring requirements.
(a) The owner or operator of each affected facility constructed, reconstructed, or modified on or before April 28, 2008, must meet the monitoring requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section, as applicable to the affected facility.
(1) The owner or operator of any thermal dryer shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate monitoring devices as follows:
(i) A monitoring device for the measurement of the temperature of the gas stream at the exit of the thermal dryer on a continuous basis. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±1.7 °C (±3 °F).
(ii) For affected facilities that use wet scrubber emission control equipment:
(A) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss through the venturi constriction of the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±1 inch water gauge.
(B) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the water supply pressure to the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±5 percent of design water supply pressure. The pressure sensor or tap must be located close to the water discharge point. The Administrator shall have discretion to grant requests for approval of alternative monitoring locations.
(2) All monitoring devices under paragraph (a) of this section are to be recalibrated annually in accordance with procedures under § 60.13(b).
(b) The owner or operator of each affected facility constructed, reconstructed, or modified after April 28, 2008, that has one or more mechanical vents must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate the monitoring devices specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, as applicable to the mechanical vent and any control device installed on the vent.
(1) For mechanical vents with fabric filters (baghouses) with design controlled potential PM emissions rates of 25 Mg (28 tons) per year or more, a bag leak detection system according to the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) For mechanical vents with wet scrubbers, monitoring devices according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss through the venturi constriction of the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±1 inch water gauge.
(ii) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the water supply flow rate to the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±5 percent of design water supply flow rate.
(iii) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pH of the wet scrubber liquid. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±5 percent of design pH.
(iv) An average value for each monitoring parameter must be determined during each performance test. Each monitoring parameter must then be maintained within 10 percent of the value established during the most recent performance test on an operating day average basis.
(3) For mechanical vents with control equipment other than wet scrubbers, a monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the reagent injection flow rate to the control equipment, as applicable. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±5 percent of design injection flow rate. An average reagent injection flow rate value must be determined during each performance test. The reagent injection flow rate must then be maintained within 10 percent of the value established during the most recent performance test on an operating day average basis.
(c) Each bag leak detection system used to comply with provisions of this subpart must be installed, calibrated, maintained, and continuously operated according to the requirements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) The bag leak detection system must meet the specifications and requirements in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section.
(i) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 1 milligram per dry standard cubic meter (mg/dscm) (0.00044 grains per actual cubic foot (gr/acf)) or less.
(ii) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative PM loadings. The owner or operator shall continuously record the output from the bag leak detection system using electronic or other means (e.g., using a strip chart recorder or a data logger).
(iii) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will sound when the system detects an increase in relative particulate loading over the alarm set point established according to paragraph (c)(1)(iv) of this section, and the alarm must be located such that it can be heard by the appropriate plant personnel.
(iv) In the initial adjustment of the bag leak detection system, the owner or operator must establish, at a minimum, the baseline output by adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the device, the alarm set points, and the alarm delay time.
(v) Following initial adjustment, the owner or operator must not adjust the averaging period, alarm set point, or alarm delay time without approval from the Administrator or delegated authority except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section.
(vi) Once per quarter, the owner or operator may adjust the sensitivity of the bag leak detection system to account for seasonal effects, including temperature and humidity, according to the procedures identified in the site-specific monitoring plan required by paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
(vii) The owner or operator must install the bag leak detection sensor downstream of the fabric filter.
(viii) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(2) The owner or operator must develop and submit to the Administrator or delegated authority for approval a site-specific monitoring plan for each bag leak detection system. This plan must be submitted to the Administrator or delegated authority 30 days prior to startup of the affected facility. The owner or operator must operate and maintain the bag leak detection system according to the site-specific monitoring plan at all times. Each monitoring plan must describe the items in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) Installation of the bag leak detection system;
(ii) Initial and periodic adjustment of the bag leak detection system, including how the alarm set-point will be established;
(iii) Operation of the bag leak detection system, including quality assurance procedures;
(iv) How the bag leak detection system will be maintained, including a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list;
(v) How the bag leak detection system output will be recorded and stored; and
(vi) Corrective action procedures as specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. In approving the site-specific monitoring plan, the Administrator or delegated authority may allow the owner and operator more than 3 hours to alleviate a specific condition that causes an alarm if the owner or operator identifies in the monitoring plan this specific condition as one that could lead to an alarm, adequately explains why it is not feasible to alleviate this condition within 3 hours of the time the alarm occurs, and demonstrates that the requested time will ensure alleviation of this condition as expeditiously as practicable.
(3) For each bag leak detection system, the owner or operator must initiate procedures to determine the cause of every alarm within 1 hour of the alarm. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(vi) of this section, the owner or operator must alleviate the cause of the alarm within 3 hours of the alarm by taking whatever corrective action(s) are necessary. Corrective actions may include, but are not limited to the following:
(i) Inspecting the fabric filter for air leaks, torn or broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may cause an increase in PM emissions;
(ii) Sealing off defective bags or filter media;
(iii) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise repairing the control device;
(iv) Sealing off a defective fabric filter compartment;
(v) Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe or otherwise repairing the bag leak detection system; or
(vi) Shutting down the process producing the PM emissions.
§ 60.257   Test methods and procedures.
(a) The owner or operator must determine compliance with the applicable opacity standards as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part and the procedures in § 60.11 must be used to determine opacity, with the exceptions specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii).
(i) The duration of the Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part performance test shall be 1 hour (ten 6-minute averages).
(ii) If, during the initial 30 minutes of the observation of a Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part performance test, all of the 6-minute average opacity readings are less than or equal to half the applicable opacity limit, then the observation period may be reduced from 1 hour to 30 minutes.
(2) To determine opacity for fugitive coal dust emissions sources, the additional requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iii) must be used.
(i) The minimum distance between the observer and the emission source shall be 5.0 meters (16 feet), and the sun shall be oriented in the 140-degree sector of the back.
(ii) The observer shall select a position that minimizes interference from other fugitive coal dust emissions sources and make observations such that the line of vision is approximately perpendicular to the plume and wind direction.
(iii) The observer shall make opacity observations at the point of greatest opacity in that portion of the plume where condensed water vapor is not present. Water vapor is not considered a visible emission.
(3) A visible emissions observer may conduct visible emission observations for up to three fugitive, stack, or vent emission points within a 15-second interval if the following conditions specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section are met.
(i) No more than three emissions points may be read concurrently.
(ii) All three emissions points must be within a 70 degree viewing sector or angle in front of the observer such that the proper sun position can be maintained for all three points.
(iii) If an opacity reading for any one of the three emissions points is within 5 percent opacity from the applicable standard (excluding readings of zero opacity), then the observer must stop taking readings for the other two points and continue reading just that single point.
(b) The owner or operator must conduct all performance tests required by § 60.8 to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emissions standards specified in § 60.252 according to the requirements in § 60.8 using the applicable test methods and procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) Method 1 or 1A of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to select sampling port locations and the number of traverse points in each stack or duct. Sampling sites must be located at the outlet of the control device (or at the outlet of the emissions source if no control device is present) prior to any releases to the atmosphere.
(2) Method 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F, or 2G of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rate of the stack gas.
(3) Method 3, 3A, or 3B of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the dry molecular weight of the stack gas. The owner or operator may use ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, “Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses (incorporated by reference— see § 60.17) as an alternative to Method 3B of appendix A-2 of this part.
(4) Method 4 of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the moisture content of the stack gas.
(5) Method 5, 5B or 5D of appendix A-4 of this part or Method 17 of appendix A-7 of this part shall be used to determine the PM concentration as follows:
(i) The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.85 dscm (30 dscf). Sampling shall begin no less than 30 minutes after startup and shall terminate before shutdown procedures begin. A minimum of three valid test runs are needed to comprise a PM performance test.
(ii) Method 5 of appendix A of this part shall be used only to test emissions from affected facilities without wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems.
(iii) Method 5B of appendix A of this part is to be used only after wet FGD systems.
(iv) Method 5D of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used for positive pressure fabric filters and other similar applications ( e.g., stub stacks and roof vents).
(v) Method 17 of appendix A-6 of this part may be used at facilities with or without wet scrubber systems provided the stack gas temperature does not exceed a temperature of 160 °C (320 °F). The procedures of sections 8.1 and 11.1 of Method 5B of appendix A-3 of this part may be used in Method 17 of appendix A-6 of this part only if it is used after a wet FGD system. Do not use Method 17 of appendix A-6 of this part after wet FGD systems if the effluent is saturated or laden with water droplets.
(6) Method 6, 6A, or 6C of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the SO 2 concentration. A minimum of three valid test runs are needed to comprise an SO 2 performance test.
(7) Method 7 or 7E of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the NO X concentration. A minimum of three valid test runs are needed to comprise an NO X performance test.
(8) Method 10 of appendix A-4 of this part shall be used to determine the CO concentration. A minimum of three valid test runs are needed to comprise a CO performance test. CO performance tests are conducted concurrently (or within a 60-minute period) with NO X performance tests.
§ 60.258   Reporting and recordkeeping.
(a) The owner or operator of a coal preparation and processing plant that commenced construction, reconstruction, or modification after April 28, 2008, shall maintain in a logbook (written or electronic) on-site and make it available upon request. The logbook shall record the following:
(1) The manufacturer's recommended maintenance procedures and the date and time of any maintenance and inspection activities and the results of those activities. Any variance from manufacturer recommendation, if any, shall be noted.
(2) The date and time of periodic coal preparation and processing plant visual observations, noting those sources with visible emissions along with corrective actions taken to reduce visible emissions. Results from the actions shall be noted.
(3) The amount and type of coal processed each calendar month.
(4) The amount of chemical stabilizer or water purchased for use in the coal preparation and processing plant.
(5) Monthly certification that the dust suppressant systems were operational when any coal was processed and that manufacturer's recommendations were followed for all control systems. Any variance from the manufacturer's recommendations, if any, shall be noted.
(6) Monthly certification that the fugitive coal dust emissions control plan was implemented as described. Any variance from the plan, if any, shall be noted. A copy of the applicable fugitive coal dust emissions control plan and any letters from the Administrator providing approval of any alternative control measures shall be maintained with the logbook. Any actions, e.g., objections, to the plan and any actions relative to the alternative control measures, e.g., approvals, shall be noted in the logbook as well.
(7) For each bag leak detection system, the owner or operator must keep the records specified in paragraphs (a)(7)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) Records of the bag leak detection system output;
(ii) Records of bag leak detection system adjustments, including the date and time of the adjustment, the initial bag leak detection system settings, and the final bag leak detection settings; and
(iii) The date and time of all bag leak detection system alarms, the time that procedures to determine the cause of the alarm were initiated, the cause of the alarm, an explanation of the actions taken, the date and time the cause of the alarm was alleviated, and whether the cause of the alarm was alleviated within 3 hours of the alarm.
(8) A copy of any applicable monitoring plan for a digital opacity compliance system and monthly certification that the plan was implemented as described. Any variance from plan, if any, shall be noted.
(9) During a performance test of a wet scrubber, and each operating day thereafter, the owner or operator shall record the measurements of the scrubber pressure loss, water supply flow rate, and pH of the wet scrubber liquid.
(10) During a performance test of control equipment other than a wet scrubber, and each operating day thereafter, the owner or operator shall record the measurements of the reagent injection flow rate, as applicable.
(b) For the purpose of reports required under section 60.7(c), any owner operator subject to the provisions of this subpart also shall report semiannually periods of excess emissions as follow:
(1) The owner or operator of an affected facility with a wet scrubber shall submit semiannual reports to the Administrator or delegated authority of occurrences when the measurements of the scrubber pressure loss, water supply flow rate, or pH of the wet scrubber liquid vary by more than 10 percent from the average determined during the most recent performance test.
(2) The owner or operator of an affected facility with control equipment other than a wet scrubber shall submit semiannual reports to the Administrator or delegated authority of occurrences when the measurements of the reagent injection flow rate, as applicable, vary by more than 10 percent from the average determined during the most recent performance test.
(3) All 6-minute average opacities that exceed the applicable standard.
(c) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall submit the results of initial performance tests to the Administrator or delegated authority, consistent with the provisions of section 60.8. The owner or operator who elects to comply with the reduced performance testing provisions of sections 60.255(c) or (d) shall include in the performance test report identification of each affected facility that will be subject to the reduced testing. The owner or operator electing to comply with section 60.255(d) shall also include information which demonstrates that the control devices are identical.
(d) After July 1, 2011, within 60 days after the date of completing each performance evaluation conducted to demonstrate compliance with this subpart, the owner or operator of the affected facility must submit the test data to EPA by successfully entering the data electronically into EPA's WebFIRE data base available at http://cfpub.epa.gov/oarweb/index.cfm?action = fire.main. For performance tests that cannot be entered into WebFIRE ( i.e., Method 9 of appendix A-4 of this part opacity performance tests) the owner or operator of the affected facility must mail a summary copy to United States Environmental Protection Agency; Energy Strategies Group; 109 TW Alexander DR; mail code: D243-01; RTP, NC 27711.
§ 60.260   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities: Electric submerged arc furnaces which produce silicon metal, ferrosilicon, calcium silicon, silicomanganese zirconium, ferrochrome silicon, silvery iron, high-carbon ferrochrome, charge chrome, standard ferromanganese, silicomanganese, ferromanganese silicon, or calcium carbide; and dust-handling equipment.
(b) Any facility under paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction or modification after October 21, 1974, is subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 60.261   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Electric submerged arc furnace means any furnace wherein electrical energy is converted to heat energy by transmission of current between electrodes partially submerged in the furnace charge.
(b) Furnace charge means any material introduced into the electric submerged arc furnace, and may consist of, but is not limited to, ores, slag, carbonaceous material, and limestone.
(c) Product change means any change in the composition of the furnace charge that would cause the electric submerged arc furnace to become subject to a different mass standard applicable under this subpart.
(d) Slag means the more or less completely fused and vitrified matter separated during the reduction of a metal from its ore.
(e) Tapping means the removal of slag or product from the electric submerged arc furnace under normal operating conditions such as removal of metal under normal pressure and movement by gravity down the spout into the ladle.
(f) Tapping period means the time duration from initiation of the process of opening the tap hole until plugging of the tap hole is complete.
(g) Furnace cycle means the time period from completion of a furnace product tap to the completion of the next consecutive product tap.
(h) Tapping station means that general area where molten product or slag is removed from the electric submerged arc furnace.
(i) Blowing tap means any tap in which an evolution of gas forces or projects jets of flame or metal sparks beyond the ladle, runner, or collection hood.
(j) Furnace power input means the resistive electrical power consumption of an electric submerged arc furnace as measured in kilowatts.
(k) Dust-handling equipment means any equipment used to handle particulate matter collected by the air pollution control device (and located at or near such device) serving any electric submerged arc furnace subject to this subpart.
(l) Control device means the air pollution control equipment used to remove particulate matter generated by an electric submerged arc furnace from an effluent gas stream.
(m) Capture system means the equipment (including hoods, ducts, fans, dampers, etc.) used to capture or transport particulate matter generated by an affected electric submerged arc furnace to the control device.
(n) Standard ferromanganese means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A99-76 or 82 (Reapproved 1987) (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17).
(o) Silicomanganese means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A483-64 or 74 (Reapproved 1988) (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17).
(p) Calcium carbide means material containing 70 to 85 percent calcium carbide by weight.
(q) High-carbon ferrochrome means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A101-73 or 93 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) grades HC1 through HC6.
(r) Charge chrome means that alloy containing 52 to 70 percent by weight chromium, 5 to 8 percent by weight carbon, and 3 to 6 percent by weight silicon.
(s) Silvery iron means any ferrosilicon, as defined by ASTM Designation A100-69, 74, or 93 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17), which contains less than 30 percent silicon.
(t) Ferrochrome silicon means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A482-76 or 93 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17).
(u) Silicomanganese zirconium means that alloy containing 60 to 65 percent by weight silicon, 1.5 to 2.5 percent by weight calcium, 5 to 7 percent by weight zirconium, 0.75 to 1.25 percent by weight aluminum, 5 to 7 percent by weight manganese, and 2 to 3 percent by weight barium.
(v) Calcium silicon means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A495-76 or 94 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17).
(w) Ferrosilicon means that alloy as defined by ASTM Designation A100-69, 74, or 93 (incorporated by reference—see § 60.17) grades A, B, C, D, and E, which contains 50 or more percent by weight silicon.
(x) Silicon metal means any silicon alloy containing more than 96 percent silicon by weight.
(y) Ferromanganese silicon means that alloy containing 63 to 66 percent by weight manganese, 28 to 32 percent by weight silicon, and a maximum of 0.08 percent by weight carbon.
§ 60.262   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any electric submerged arc furnace any gases which:
(1) Exit from a control device and contain particulate matter in excess of 0.45 kg/MW-hr (0.99 lb/MW-hr) while silicon metal, ferrosilicon, calcium silicon, or silicomanganese zirconium is being produced.
(2) Exit from a control device and contain particulate matter in excess of 0.23 kg/MW-hr (0.51 lb/MW-hr) while highcarbon ferrochrome, charge chrome, standard ferromanganese, silicomanganese, calcium carbide, ferrochrome silicon, ferromanganese silicon, or silvery iron is being produced.
(3) Exit from a control device and exhibit 15 percent opacity or greater.
(4) Exit from an electric submerged arc furnace and escape the capture system and are visible without the aid of instruments. The requirements under this subparagraph apply only during periods when flow rates are being established under § 60.265(d).
(5) Escape the capture system at the tapping station and are visible without the aid of instruments for more than 40 percent of each tapping period. There are no limitations on visible emissions under this subparagraph when a blowing tap occurs. The requirements under this subparagraph apply only during periods when flow rates are being established under § 60.265(d).
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any dust-handling equipment any gases which exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater.
§ 60.263   Standard for carbon monoxide.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged in to the atmosphere from any electric submerged arc furnace any gases which contain, on a dry basis, 20 or greater volume percent of carbon monoxide. Combustion of such gases under conditions acceptable to the Administrator constitutes compliance with this section. Acceptable conditions include, but are not limited to, flaring of gases or use of gases as fuel for other processes.
§ 60.264   Emission monitoring.
(a) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous monitoring system for measurement of the opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device(s).
(b) For the purpose of reports required under § 60.7(c), the owner or operator shall report as excess emissions all six-minute periods in which the average opacity is 15 percent or greater.
(c) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit a written report of any product change to the Administrator. Reports of product changes must be postmarked not later than 30 days after implementation of the product change.
§ 60.265   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator of any electric submerged arc furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain daily records of the following information:
(1) Product being produced.
(2) Description of constituents of furnace charge, including the quantity, by weight.
(3) Time and duration of each tapping period and the identification of material tapped (slag or product.)
(4) All furnace power input data obtained under paragraph (b) of this section.
(5) All flow rate data obtained under paragraph (c) of this section or all fan motor power consumption and pressure drop data obtained under paragraph (e) of this section.
(b) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a device to measure and continuously record the furnace power input. The furnace power input may be measured at the output or input side of the transformer. The device must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over its operating range.
(c) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring device that continuously measures and records the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood of the capture system, except as provided under paragraph (e) of this section. The owner or operator of an electric submerged arc furnace that is equipped with a water cooled cover which is designed to contain and prevent escape of the generated gas and particulate matter shall monitor only the volumetric flow rate through the capture system for control of emissions from the tapping station. The owner or operator may install the monitoring device(s) in any appropriate location in the exhaust duct such that reproducible flow rate monitoring will result. The flow rate monitoring device must have an accuracy of ±10 percent over its normal operating range and must be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The Administrator may require the owner or operator to demonstrate the accuracy of the monitoring device relative to Methods 1 and 2 of appendix A to this part.
(d) When performance tests are conducted under the provisions of § 60.8 of this part to demonstrate compliance with the standards under §§ 60.262(a) (4) and (5), the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood of the capture system must be determined using the monitoring device required under paragraph (c) of this section. The volumetric flow rates must be determined for furnace power input levels at 50 and 100 percent of the nominal rated capacity of the electric submerged arc furnace. At all times the electric submerged arc furnace is operated, the owner or operator shall maintain the volumetric flow rate at or above the appropriate levels for that furnace power input level determined during the most recent performance test. If emissions due to tapping are captured and ducted separately from emissions of the electric submerged arc furnace, during each tapping period the owner or operator shall maintain the exhaust flow rates through the capture system over the tapping station at or above the levels established during the most recent performance test. Operation at lower flow rates may be considered by the Administrator to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. The owner or operator may request that these flow rates be reestablished by conducting new performance tests under § 60.8 of this part.
(e) The owner or operator may as an alternative to paragraph (c) of this section determine the volumetric flow rate through each fan of the capture system from the fan power consumption, pressure drop across the fan and the fan performance curve. Only data specific to the operation of the affected electric submerged arc furnace are acceptable for demonstration of compliance with the requirements of this paragraph. The owner or operator shall maintain on file a permanent record of the fan performance curve (prepared for a specific temperature) and shall:
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a device to continuously measure and record the power consumption of the fan motor (measured in kilowatts), and
(2) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a device to continuously measure and record the pressure drop across the fan. The fan power consumption and pressure drop measurements must be synchronized to allow real time comparisions of the data. The monitoring devices must have an accuracy of ±5 percent over their normal operating ranges.
(f) The volumetric flow rate through each fan of the capture system must be determined from the fan power consumption, fan pressure drop, and fan performance curve specified under paragraph (e) of this section, during any performance test required under § 60.8 to demonstrate compliance with the standards under §§ 60.262(a)(4) and (5). The owner or operator shall determine the volumetric flow rate at a representative temperature for furnace power input levels of 50 and 100 percent of the nominal rated capacity of the electric submerged arc furnace. At all times the electric submerged arc furnace is operated, the owner or operator shall maintain the fan power consumption and fan pressure drop at levels such that the volumetric flow rate is at or above the levels established during the most recent performance test for that furnace power input level. If emissions due to tapping are captured and ducted separately from emissions of the electric submerged arc furnace, during each tapping period the owner or operator shall maintain the fan power consumption and fan pressure drop at levels such that the volumetric flow rate is at or above the levels established during the most recent performance test. Operation at lower flow rates may be considered by the Administrator to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. The owner or operator may request that these flow rates be reestablished by conducting new performance tests under § 60.8. The Administrator may require the owner or operator to verify the fan performance curve by monitoring necessary fan operating parameters and determining the gas volume moved relative to Methods 1 and 2 of appendix A to this part.
(g) All monitoring devices required under paragraphs (c) and (e) of this section are to be checked for calibration annually in accordance with the procedures under § 60.13(b).
§ 60.266   Test methods and procedures.
(a) During any performance test required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall not allow gaseous diluents to be added to the effluent gas stream after the fabric in an open pressurized fabric filter collector unless the total gas volume flow from the collector is accurately determined and considered in the determination of emissions.
(b) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in § 60.262 as follows:
(1) The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
(2) Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c si ) and volumetric flow rate (Q sdi ) of the effluent gas, except that the heating systems specified in sections 2.1.2 and 2.1.6 are not to be used when the carbon monoxide content of the gas stream exceeds 10 percent by volume, dry basis. If a flare is used to comply with § 60.263, the sampling site shall be upstream of the flare. The sampling time shall include an integral number of furnace cycles.
(i) When sampling emissions from open electric submerged arc furnaces with wet scrubber control devices, sealed electric submerged arc furnaces, or semienclosed electric arc furnaces, the sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 1.80 dscm (63.6 dscf).
(ii) When sampling emissions from other types of installations, the sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 200 minutes and 5.66 dscm (200 dscf).
(3) The measurement device of § 60.265(b) shall be used to determine the average furnace power input (P) during each run.
(4) Method 9 and the procedures in § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
(5) The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine the CO concentration. The sample shall be taken simultaneously with each particulate matter sample.
(d) During the particulate matter run, the maximum open hood area (in hoods with segmented or otherwise moveable sides) under which the process is expected to be operated and remain in compliance with all standards shall be recorded. Any future operation of the hooding system with open areas in excess of the maximum is not permitted.
(e) To comply with § 60.265 (d) or (f), the owner or operator shall use the monitoring devices in § 60.265 (c) or (e) to make the required measurements as determined during the performance test.
§ 60.270   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities in steel plants that produce carbon, alloy, or specialty steels: electric arc furnaces and dust-handling systems.
(b) The provisions of this subpart apply to each affected facility identified in paragraph (a) of this section that commenced construction, modification, or reconstruction after October 21, 1974, and on or before August 17, 1983, where a modification is any physical change in, or change in the method of operation of, an existing facility which increases the amount of any air pollutant (to which this standard applies) emitted into the atmosphere by that facility or which results in the emission of any air pollutant (to which this standard applies) into the atmosphere not previously emitted.
§ 60.271   Definitions.
As used in this subpart, all terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
(a) Electric arc furnace (EAF) means a furnace that produces molten steel and heats the charge materials with electricity using carbon electrodes. Furnaces that continuously feed direct-reduced iron ore pellets as the primary source of iron are not affected facilities within the scope of this definition.
(b) Dust-handling equipment means any equipment used to handle particulate matter collected by the control device and located at or near the control device for an EAF subject to this subpart.
(c) Control device means the air pollution control equipment used to remove particulate matter generated by an EAF(s) from the effluent gas stream.
(d) Capture system means the equipment (including ducts, hoods, fans, dampers, etc.) used to capture particulate matter generated by the operation of an EAF and transport captured particulate matter to the air pollution control device.
(e) Charge means the addition of iron and steel scrap or other materials into the shell of an electric arc furnace.
(f) Charging period means the time period when iron and steel scrap or other materials are added into the top of an EAF until the melting and refining period commences.
(g) Tap means the pouring of molten steel from an EAF.
(h) Tapping period means the time period commencing at the moment an EAF begins to pour molten steel and ending either three minutes after steel ceases to flow from an EAF, or six minutes after steel begins to flow, whichever is longer.
(i) Melting and refining means that phase of the steel production cycle when charge material is melted and undesirable elements are removed from the metal.
(j) Melting and refining period means the time period commencing at the initial energizing of the electrode to begin the melting process and ending at the initiation of the tapping period, excluding any intermediate times when the electrodes are not energized as part of the melting process.
(k) Shop opacity means the arithmetic average of 24 or more opacity observations of any EAF emissions emanating from, and not within, the shop, taken in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A of this part. Alternatively, ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), may be used with the following five conditions:
(1) During the digital camera opacity technique (DCOT) certification procedure outlined in Section 9.2 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), the owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must present the plumes in front of various backgrounds of color and contrast representing conditions anticipated during field use such as blue sky, trees, and mixed backgrounds (clouds and/or a sparse tree stand);
(2) The owner or operator must also have standard operating procedures in place including daily or other frequency quality checks to ensure the equipment is within manufacturing specifications as outlined in Section 8.1 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17);
(3) The owner or operator must follow the recordkeeping procedures outlined in § 60.7(f) for the DCOT certification, compliance report, data sheets, and all raw unaltered JPEGs used for opacity and certification determination;
(4) The owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must have a minimum of four independent technology users apply the software to determine the visible opacity of the 300 certification plumes. For each set of 25 plumes, the user may not exceed 15 percent opacity of anyone reading and the average error must not exceed 7.5 percent opacity;
(5) Use of this approved alternative does not provide or imply a certification or validation of any vendor's hardware or software. The onus to maintain and verify the certification and/or training of the DCOT camera, software, and operator in accordance with ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) and these requirements is on the facility, DCOT operator, and DCOT vendor.
(l) Heat time means the period commencing when scrap is charged to an empty EAF and terminating when the EAF tap is completed.
(m) Shop means the building that houses one or more EAF's and serves as the point from which compliance with § 60.272(a)(3), “Standard for Particulate Matter,” is measured.
(n) Direct shell evacuation system means any system that creates and maintains a negative pressure within the EAF shell during melting and refining, and transports emissions to the control device.
(o) Bag leak detection system means a system that is capable of continuously monitoring relative particulate matter (dust) loadings in the exhaust of a baghouse to detect bag leaks and other conditions that result in increases in particulate loadings. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, electrodynamic, light scattering, light transmittance, or other effect to continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
(p) Damper means any device used to open, close or throttle a DEC system or hood designed to capture emissions from an EAF and route them to the associated control device(s). It does not include isolation dampers used to isolate a fan or baghouse compartment for repair or cleaning, or dampers controlling collection of emissions from equipment other than an EAF.
(q) Negative-pressure fabric filter means a fabric filter with the fans on the downstream side of the filter bags.
(r) Positive-pressure fabric filter means a fabric filter with the fans on the upstream side of the filter bags.
§ 60.272   Standard for particulate matter.
(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from an electric arc furnace any gases which:
(1) Exit from a control device and contain particulate matter in excess of 12 mg/dscm (0.0052 gr/dscf).
(2) Exit from a control device and exhibit three percent opacity or greater, as measured in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A of this part, or, as an alternative, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271.
(3) Exit from a shop and, due solely to operations of any EAF(s), exhibit 6 percent opacity or greater, as measured in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A of this part, or, as an alternative, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271. Shop opacity shall be recorded for any point(s) where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of visible emissions, only one observation of shop opacity will be required. In this case, the shop opacity observations must be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause (or location) of visible emissions observed during a single incident, except:
(i) Shop opacity less than 20 percent may occur during charging periods.
(ii) Shop opacity less than 40 percent may occur during tapping periods.
(iii) The shop opacity standards under paragraph (a)(3) of this section shall apply only during periods when the monitoring parameter limits specified in § 60.274(b) are being established according to § 60.274(c) and (g), unless the owner or operator elects to perform daily shop opacity observations in lieu of furnace static pressure monitoring as provided for under § 60.273(d).
(iv) Where the capture system is operated such that the roof of the shop is closed during the charge and the tap, and emissions to the atmosphere are prevented until the roof is opened after completion of the charge or tap, the shop opacity standards under paragraph (a)(3) of this section shall apply when the roof is opened and shall continue to apply for the length of time defined by the charging and/or tapping periods.
(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by § 60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from dust-handling equipment any gases which exhibit 10 percent opacity or greater, as measured in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A of this part, or, as an alternative, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271.
§ 60.273   Emission monitoring.
(a) A continuous monitoring system for the measurement of the opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device(s) shall be installed, calibrated, maintained, and operated by the owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart.
(b) For the purpose of reports under § 60.7(c), all six-minute periods during which the average opacity is three percent or greater shall indicate a period of excess emission, and shall be reported to the Administrator semi-annually.
(c)(1) A continuous monitoring system for the measurement of the opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device(s) is not required:
(i) On any modular, multistack, negative-pressure or positive-pressure fabric filter if observations of the opacity of the visible emission from the control device are performed by a certified visible emission observer; or
(ii) On any single-stack fabric filter if observations of the opacity of the visible emissions from the control device are performed by a certified visible emission observer and the owner installs and operates a bag leak detection system according to paragraph (e) of this section whenever the control device is being used to remove particulate matter from the EAF.
(2) Visible emission observations shall be conducted at least once per day of the control device for at least three 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A to this part, or, as an alternative, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271.
(3) If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission points relate to only one incident of the visible emission, only one set of three 6-minute observations will be required. In that case, EPA Method 9 observations must be made for the point of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause (or location) of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in § 60.272(a)(2).
(d) A furnace static pressure monitoring device is not required on any EAF equipped with a DEC system if observations of shop opacity are performed by a certified visible emission observer as follows:
(1) At least once per day when the furnace is operating.
(2) No less than once per week, during a heat time as defined in § 60.271, a melt shop with more than one EAF shall conduct these readings while all EAFs are in operation. All EAFs are not required to be on the same schedule for tapping.
(3) Shop opacity shall be determined as the arithmetic average of 24 or more consecutive 15-second opacity observations of emissions from the shop taken in accordance with EPA Method 9, or, as an alternative, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271. Shop opacity shall be recorded for any point(s) where visible emissions are observed in proximity to an affected EAF. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission points relate to only one incident of visible emissions, only one observation of shop opacity will be required. In this case, the shop opacity observations must be made for the point of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause (or location) of visible emissions observed during a single incident.
(e) A bag leak detection system must be installed on all single-stack fabric filters and operated whenever the control device is being used to remove particulate matter from the EAF if the owner or operator elects not to install and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system as provided for under paragraph (c) of this section. In addition, the owner or operator shall meet the visible emissions observation requirements in paragraph (c) of this section. The bag leak detection system must meet the specifications and requirements of paragraphs (e)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 1 milligram per actual cubic meter (0.00044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less.
(2) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative particulate matter loadings and the owner or operator shall continuously record the output from the bag leak detection system using electronic or other means ( e.g. , using a strip chart recorder or a data logger.)
(3) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will activate when an increase in relative particulate loading is detected over the alarm set point established according to paragraph (e)(4) of this section, and the alarm must be located such that it can be identified by the appropriate plant personnel.
(4) For each bag leak detection system required by paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall develop and submit to the Administrator or delegated authority, for approval, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the items identified in paragraphs (i) through (v) of this paragraph (e)(4). For each bag leak detection system that operates based on the triboelectric effect, the monitoring plan shall be consistent with the recommendations contained in EPA-454/R-98-015, Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). The owner or operator shall operate and maintain the bag leak detection system according to the site-specific monitoring plan at all times. The plan shall describe:
(i) Installation of the bag leak detection system;
(ii) Initial and periodic adjustment of the bag leak detection system including how the alarm set-point will be established;
(iii) Operation of the bag leak detection system including quality assurance procedures;
(iv) How the bag leak detection system will be maintained including a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list; and
(v) How the bag leak detection system output shall be recorded and stored.
(5) The initial adjustment of the system shall, at a minimum, consist of establishing the baseline output by adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the device, and establishing the alarm set points and the alarm delay time (if applicable).
(6) Following initial adjustment, the owner or operator shall not adjust the averaging period, alarm set point, or alarm delay time without approval from the Administrator or delegated authority except as provided for in paragraphs (e)(6)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) Once per quarter, the owner or operator may adjust the sensitivity of the bag leak detection system to account for seasonal effects including temperature and humidity according to the procedures identified in the site-specific monitoring plan required under paragraphs (e)(4) of this section.
(ii) If opacities greater than zero percent are observed over four consecutive 15-second observations during the daily opacity observations required under paragraph (c) of this section and the alarm on the bag leak detection system alarm is not activated, the owner or operator shall lower the alarm set point on the bag leak detection system to a point where the alarm would have been activated during the period when the opacity observations were made.
(7) For negative pressure, induced air baghouses, and positive pressure baghouses that are discharged to the atmosphere through a stack, the bag leak detection sensor must be installed downstream of the baghouse or upstream of any wet scrubber.
(8) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(f) For each bag leak detection system installed according to paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall initiate procedures to determine the cause of all alarms within 1 hour of an alarm. The cause of the alarm must be alleviated within 24 hours of the time the alarm occurred by taking whatever response action(s) are necessary. Response actions may include, but are not limited to the following:
(1) Inspecting the baghouse for air leaks, torn or broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may have caused an increase in particulate emissions;
(2) Sealing off defective bags or filter media;
(3) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise repairing the control device;
(4) Sealing off a defective baghouse compartment;
(5) Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe or otherwise repairing the bag leak detection system;
(6) Establishing to the extent acceptable by the delegated authority that the alarm was a false alarm and not caused by a bag leak or other malfunction that could reasonably result in excess particulate emissions; or
(7) Shutting down the process producing the particulate emissions.
(g) In approving the site-specific monitoring plan required in paragraph (e)(4) of this section, the Administrator or delegated authority may allow owners or operators more than 24 hours to alleviate specific conditions that cause an alarm if the owner or operator identifies the condition that could lead to an alarm in the monitoring plan, adequately explains why it is not feasible to alleviate the condition within 24 hours of the time the alarm occurred, and demonstrates that the requested additional time will ensure alleviation of the condition as expeditiously as practicable.
§ 60.274   Monitoring of operations.
(a) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall maintain records daily of the following information:
(1) Time and duration of each charge;
(2) Time and duration of each tap;
(3) All flow rate data obtained under paragraph (b) of this section, or equivalent obtained under paragraph (d) of this section; and
(4) All pressure data obtained under paragraph (f) of this section.
(b) Except as provided under paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall:
(1) Monitor and record once per shift the block 15-minute average furnace static pressure (if a DEC system is in use, and a furnace static pressure gauge is installed according to paragraph (f) of this section) and either:
(i) Install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the capture system fan motor amperes and damper position(s); or
(ii) Monitor and record as no greater than 15-minute integrated block average basis the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood; or
(iii) Install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the volumetric flow rate at the control device inlet and record damper position(s).
(2) The volumetric flow monitoring device(s) may be installed in any appropriate location in the capture system such that reproducible flow rate monitoring will result. The flow rate monitoring device(s) shall have an accuracy of ±10 percent over its normal operating range and shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The Administrator may require the owner or operator to demonstrate the accuracy of the monitoring device(s) relative to EPA Methods 1 and 2 of appendix A of this part.
(3) Parameters monitored pursuant to this paragraph, excluding damper position, shall be recorded as integrated block averages not to exceed 15 minutes.
(c)(1) When the owner or operator of an affected facility is required to demonstrate compliance with the standards under § 60.272(a)(3) and at any other time that the Administrator may require (under section 114 of the CAA, as amended), the owner or operator shall, during periods in which a hood is operated for the purpose of capturing emissions from the affected facility subject to paragraph (b) of this section, either:
(i) Monitor and record the fan motor amperes at each damper position, and damper position consistent with paragraph (i)(5) of this section; or
(ii) Monitor and record as no greater than 15-minute integrated block average basis the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood; or
(iii) Install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the volumetric flow rate at the control device inlet and monitor and record the damper position consistent with paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
(2) Parameters monitored pursuant to this paragraph, excluding damper position, shall be recorded as integrated block averages not to exceed 15 minutes.
(3) The owner or operator may petition the Administrator or delegated authority for reestablishment of these parameters whenever the owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's or delegated authority's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions upon which the parameters were previously established are no longer applicable. The values of the parameters as determined during the most recent demonstration of compliance shall be the appropriate operational range or control set point throughout each applicable period. Operation at values beyond the accepted operational range or control set point may be subject to the requirements of § 60.276(a).
(d) The owner or operator may petition the Administrator or delegated authority to approve any alternative method that will provide a continuous record of operation of each emission capture system.
(e) The owner or operator shall perform monthly operational status inspections of the equipment that is important to the performance of the total capture system ( i.e., pressure sensors, dampers, and damper switches). This inspection shall include observations of the physical appearance of the equipment ( e.g., presence of hole in ductwork or hoods, flow constrictions caused by dents or excess accumulations of dust in ductwork, and fan erosion) and building inspections to ensure that the building does not have any holes or other openings for particulate matter laden air to escape. Any deficiencies that are determined by the operator to materially impact the efficacy of the capture system shall be noted and proper maintenance performed.
(f) Except as provided for under § 60.273(d), where emissions during any phase of the heat time are controlled by use of a direct shell evacuation system, the owner or operator shall install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the pressure in the free space inside the EAF. The pressure shall be recorded as no greater than 15-minute integrated block averages. The monitoring device may be installed in any appropriate location in the EAF or DEC duct prior to the introduction of ambient air such that reproducible results will be obtained. The pressure monitoring device shall have an accuracy of ±5 mm of water gauge over its normal operating range and shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions.
(g) Except as provided for under § 60.273(d), when the owner or operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under § 60.272(a)(3) and at any other time the Administrator may require (under section 114 of the Act, as amended), the pressure in the free space inside the furnace shall be determined during the melting and refining period(s) using the monitoring device under paragraph (f) of this section. The owner or operator may petition the Administrator or delegated authority for reestablishment of the 15-minute integrated average pressure whenever the owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's or delegated authority's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions upon which the pressures were previously established are no longer applicable. The pressure range or control setting during the most recent demonstration of compliance shall be maintained at all times the EAF is operating in a melting and refining period. Continuous operation at pressures higher than the operational range or control setting may be considered by the Administrator or delegated authority to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility.
(h) Where the capture system is designed and operated such that all emissions are captured and ducted to a control device, the owner or operator shall not be subject to the requirements of this section.
(i) During any performance test required under § 60.8, and for any report thereof required by § 60.276(c) of this subpart or to determine compliance with § 60.272(a)(3) of this subpart, the owner or operator shall monitor the following information for all heats covered by the test:
(1) Charge weights and materials, and tap weights and materials;
(2) Heat times, including start and stop times, and a log of process operation, including periods of no operation during testing and, if a furnace static pressure monitoring device is operated pursuant to paragraph (f) of this section, the pressure inside the furnace when DEC systems are used;
(3) Control device operation log;
(4) Continuous opacity monitor or EPA Method 9 data, or, as an alternative to EPA Method 9, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271;
(5) All damper positions, no less frequently than performed in the latest melt shop opacity compliance test for a full heat, if selected as a method to demonstrate compliance under paragraph (b) of this section;
(6) Fan motor amperes at each damper position, if selected as a method to demonstrate compliance under paragraph (b) of this section;
(7) Volumetric air flow rate through each separately ducted hood, if selected as a method to demonstrate compliance under paragraph (b) of this section; and
(8) Static pressure at each separately ducted hood, if selected as a method to demonstrate compliance under paragraph (b) of this section.
(9) Parameters monitored pursuant to paragraphs (i)(6) through (8) of this section shall be recorded as integrated block averages not to exceed 15 minutes.
§ 60.275   Test methods and procedures.
(a) During performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall not add gaseous diluent to the effluent gas after the fabric filter in any pressurized fabric collector, unless the amount of dilution is separately determined and considered in the determination of emissions.
(b) When emissions from any EAF(s) are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this subpart but controlled by a common capture system and control device, the owner or operator shall use either or both of the following procedures during a performance test (see also § 60.276(b)):
(1) Determine compliance using the combined emissions.
(2) Use a method that is acceptable to the Administrator or delegated authority and that compensates for the emissions from the facilities not subject to the provisions of this subpart.
(3) Any combination of the criteria of paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(c) When emissions from any EAF(s) are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this subpart, compliance with § 60.272(a)(3) will be based on emissions from only the affected facility(ies). The owner or operator may use operational knowledge to determine the facilities that are the sources, in whole or in part, of any emissions observed in demonstrations of compliance with § 60.272(a)(3).
(d) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A of this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(e) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in § 60.272 as follows:
(1) EPA Method 5 (and referenced EPA Methods 1, 2, 3, 3A, 3B, and 4) shall be used for negative-pressure fabric filters and other types of control devices and EPA Method 5D (and referenced EPA Method 5) shall be used for positive-pressure fabric filters to determine the particulate matter concentration and, if applicable, the volumetric flow rate of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 4 hours and 4.5 dscm (160 dscf) and, when a single EAF is sampled, the sampling time shall include an integral number of heats. The manual portions only and not the instrumental portion of the voluntary consensus standard ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Methods 3, 3A, and 3B.
(2) When more than one control device serves the EAF(s) being tested, the concentration of particulate matter shall be determined using the following equation:
(3) EPA Method 9 or, as an alternative, ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271, and the procedures of § 60.11 shall be used to determine opacity.
(4) To demonstrate compliance with § 60.272(a)(1), (2), and (3), the EPA Method 9 test runs shall be conducted concurrently with the particulate matter test runs, unless inclement weather interferes.
(f) To comply with § 60.274 (c), (f), (g), and (i), the owner or operator shall obtain the information in these paragraphs during the particulate matter runs.
(g) Where emissions from any EAF(s) are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this subpart, the owner or operator may use any of the following procedures for demonstrating compliance with § 60.272(a)(3), except if the combined emissions are controlled by a common capture system and control device, in which case the owner or operator may use any of the following procedures during an opacity performance test and during shop opacity observations:
(1) Base compliance on control of the combined emissions.
(2) Shut down operation of facilities not subject to the provisions of this subpart.
(3) Any combination of the criteria of paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(h) If visible emissions observations are made in lieu of using a continuous opacity monitoring system, as allowed for by § 60.273(c), visible emission observations shall be conducted at least once per day for at least three 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with EPA Method 9. If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of the visible emission, only one set of three 6-minute observations will be required. In that case, the EPA Method 9 observations must be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause (or location) of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in § 60.272(a).
(i) Unless the presence of inclement weather makes concurrent testing infeasible, the owner or operator shall conduct concurrently the performance tests required under § 60.8 to demonstrate compliance with § 60.272(a) (1), (2), and (3) of this subpart.
§ 60.276   Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.
(a) Continuous operation at a furnace static pressure that exceeds the operational range or control setting under § 60.274(g), for owners and operators that elect to install a furnace static pressure monitoring device under § 60.274(f) and either operation of control system motor amperes at values exceeding ±15 percent of the value established under § 60.274(c) or operation at flow rates lower than those established under § 60.274(c) may be considered by the Administrator or delegated authority to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. Operation at such values shall be reported to the Administrator or delegated authority semiannually.
(b) When the owner or operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under § 60.275(b)(2) or a combination of (b)(1) and (b)(2), the owner or operator shall provide notice to the Administrator or delegated authority of the procedure(s) that will be used to determine compliance. Notification of the procedure(s) to be used must be postmarked at least 30 days prior to the performance test.
(c) For the purpose of this subpart, the owner or operator shall conduct the demonstration of compliance with § 60.272(a) of this subpart and furnish the Administrator or delegated authority with a written report of the results of the test. This report shall include the following information:
(1) Facility name and address;
(2) Plant representative;
(3) Make and model of the control device, and continuous opacity monitoring equipment, if applicable;
(4) Flow diagram of process and emission capture system including other equipment or process(es) ducted to the same control device;
(5) Rated (design) capacity of process equipment;
(6) Those data required under § 60.274(i) of this subpart;
(i) List of charge and tap weights and materials;
(ii) Heat times and process log;
(iii) Control device operation log; and
(iv) Continuous opacity monitor or EPA Method 9 data, or, as an alternative to EPA Method 9, according to ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), with the caveats described under Shop opacity in § 60.271.
(7) Test dates and test times;
(8) Test company;
(9) Test company representative;
(10) Test observers from any outside agency;
(11) Description of test methodology used, including any deviation from standard reference methods
(12) Schematic of sampling location;
(13) Number of sampling points;
(14) Description of sampling equipment;
(15) Listing of sampling equipment calibrations and procedures;
(16) Field and laboratory data sheets;
(17) Description of sample recovery procedures;
(18) Sampling equipment leak check results;
(19) Description of quality assurance procedures;
(20) Description of analytical procedures;
(21) Notation of sample blank corrections; and
(22) Sample emission calculations.
(d) The owner or operator shall maintain records of all shop opacity observations made in accordance with § 60.273(d). All shop opacity observations in excess of the emission limit specified in § 60.272(a)(3) of this subpart shall indicate a period of excess emissions, and shall be reported to the Administrator or delegated authority semi-annually, according to § 60.7(c) and submitted according to paragraph (h) of this section. In addition to the information required at § 60.7(c), the report shall include the following information:
(1) The company name and address of the affected facility.
(2) An identification of each affected facility being included in the report.
(3) Beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(4) A certification by a certifying official of truth, accuracy, and completeness. This certification shall state that, based on information and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the statements and information in the document are true, accurate, and complete.
(e) The owner or operator shall maintain the following records for each bag leak detection system required under § 60.273(e):
(1) Records of the bag leak detection system output;
(2) Records of bag leak detection system adjustments, including the date and time of the adjustment, the initial bag leak detection system settings, and the final bag leak detection system settings; and
(3) An identification of the date and time of all bag leak detection system alarms, the time that procedures to determine the cause of the alarm were initiated, if procedures were initiated within 1 hour of the alarm, the cause of the alarm, an explanation of the actions taken, the date and time the cause of the alarm was alleviated, and if the alarm was alleviated within 24 hours of the alarm.
(f) Records of the measurements required in § 60.274 must be retained for at least 5 years following the date of the measurement.
(g) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test or demonstration of compliance required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedures specified in paragraphs (g)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT website ( https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert ) at the time of the test. Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), which can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) ( https://cdx.epa.gov/ ). The data must be submitted in a file format generated using the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
(2) Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the test. The results of the performance test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the EPA via CEDRI.
(3) Confidential business information (CBI). Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim for some of the information submitted under paragraph (g)(1) or (2) of this section, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA. The file must be generated using the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website. The preferred method to submit CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), or other online file sharing services ( e.g., Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive). Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address oaqpscbi@epa.gov, and should include clear CBI markings and note the docket ID. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email oaqpscbi@epa.gov to request a file transfer link. If sending CBI information through the postal service, submit the file on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage medium and clearly mark the medium as CBI. Mail the electronic medium to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section. All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.
(h) You must submit a report of excess emissions and monitoring systems performance report according to § 60.7(c) to the Administrator semiannually. Submit all reports to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's CDX ( https://cdx.epa.gov/ ). The EPA will make all the information submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice to you. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. You must use the appropriate electronic report template on the CEDRI website ( https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/cedri ) for this subpart. The date report templates become available will be listed on the CEDRI website. The report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted. Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim, follow paragraph (g)(3) of this section except send to the attention of the Electric Arc Furnace Sector Lead. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph (h). All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.
(i) If you are required to electronically submit a report through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, you may assert a claim of EPA system outage for failure to timely comply with that reporting requirement. To assert a claim of EPA system outage, you must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (i)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) You must have been or will be precluded from accessing CEDRI and submitting a required report within the time prescribed due to an outage of either the EPA's CEDRI or CDX systems.
(2) The outage must have occurred within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date that the submission is due.
(3) The outage may be planned or unplanned.
(4) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(5) You must provide to the Administrator a written description identifying:
(i) The date(s) and time(s) when CDX or CEDRI was accessed, and the system was unavailable;
(ii) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to EPA system outage;
(iii) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(iv) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(6) The decision to accept the claim of EPA system outage and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(7) In any circumstance, the report must be submitted electronically as soon as possible after the outage is resolved.
(j) If you are required to electronically submit a report through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, you may assert a claim of force majeure for failure to timely comply with that reporting requirement. To assert a claim of force majeure, you must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (j)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) You may submit a claim if a force majeure event is about to occur, occurs, or has occurred or there are lingering effects from such an event within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date the submission is due. For the purposes of this section, a force majeure event is defined as an event that will be or has been caused by circumstances beyond the control of the affected facility, its contractors, or any entity controlled by the affected facility that prevents you from complying with the requirement to submit a report electronically within the time period prescribed. Examples of such events are acts of nature ( e.g., hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods), acts of war or terrorism, or equipment failure or safety hazard beyond the control of the affected facility ( e.g., large scale power outage).
(2) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(3) You must provide to the Administrator:
(i) A written description of the force majeure event;
(ii) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to the force majeure event;
(iii) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(iv) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(4) The decision to accept the claim of force majeure and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(5) In any circumstance, the reporting must occur as soon as possible after the force majeure event occurs.
(k) Any records required to be maintained by this subpart that are submitted electronically via the EPA's CEDRI may be maintained in electronic format. This ability to maintain electronic copies does not affect the requirement for facilities to make records, data, and reports available upon request to a delegated air agency or the EPA as part of an on-site compliance evaluation.
§ 60.270a   Applicability and designation of affected facility.
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected facilities in steel plants that produce carbon, alloy, or specialty steels: electric arc furnaces, argon-oxygen decarburization vessels, and dust-handling systems.
(b) The provisions of this subpart apply to each affected facility identified in paragraph (a) of this section that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after August 17, 1983 and on or before May 16, 2022, where a modification is any physical change in, or change in the method of operation of, an existing facility which increases the amount of any air pollutant (to which this standard applies) emitted into the atmosphere by that facility or which results in the emission of any air pollutant (to which this standard applies) into the atmosphere not previously emitted.