Title 40—Protection of Environment--Volume 1
PART 60—STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
§ 60.5400c   What GHG standards apply to process unit equipment designated facilities?
This section applies to process unit equipment designated facilities located at an onshore natural gas processing plant. You must comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (l) of this section to reduce methane emissions from equipment leaks, except as provided in § 60.5402c. As an alternative to the standards in this section, you may comply with the requirements in § 60.5401c.
(a) General standards. You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section for each pump in light liquid service, pressure relief device in gas/vapor service, valve in gas/vapor or light liquid service, and connector in gas/vapor or light liquid service, as applicable. You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section for each open-ended valve or line. You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (f) of this section for each closed vent system and control device used to comply with equipment leak provisions in this section. You must comply with paragraph (g) of this section for each pump, valve, and connector in heavy liquid service and pressure relief device in light liquid or heavy liquid service. You must make repairs as specified in paragraph (h) of this section. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the standards as specified in paragraph (i) of this section. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the standards as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. You must perform the reporting as specified in paragraph (k) of this section. You must perform the recordkeeping as required in paragraph (l) of this section.
(1) Each piece of equipment is presumed to have the potential to emit methane unless an owner or operator demonstrates that the piece of equipment does not have the potential to emit methane. For a piece of equipment to be considered not to have the potential to emit methane, the methane content of a gaseous stream must be below detection limits using Method 18 of appendix A-6 of this part. Alternatively, if the piece of equipment is in wet gas service, you may choose to determine the methane content of the stream is below the detection limit of the methods described in ASTM E168-16(R2023), E169-16(R2022), or E260-96 (all incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(2) [Reserved]
(b) Monitoring surveys. You must monitor for leaks using OGI in accordance with appendix K to this part, unless otherwise specified in paragraphs (c) or (d) of this section.
(1) Monitoring surveys must be conducted bimonthly.
(2) Any emissions observed using OGI are defined as a leak.
(c) Additional requirements for pumps in light liquid service. In addition to the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, you must conduct weekly visual inspections of all pumps in light liquid service for indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal, except as specified in paragraphs (c)(3) and (4) of this section. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal, you must follow the procedure specified in either paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section.
(1) Monitor the pump within 5 calendar days using the methods specified in § 60.5406c. A leak is detected if any emissions are observed using OGI, or if an instrument reading of 2,000 ppmv or greater is provided using Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(2) Designate the visual indications of liquids dripping as a leak and repair the leak as specified in paragraph (h) of this section.
(3) If any pump is equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a process, fuel gas system, or a control device that complies with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section, it is exempt from the weekly inspection requirements in paragraph (c) of this section.
(4) Any pump that is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirements in paragraph (c) of this section, provided that each pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least bimonthly.
(d) Additional requirements for pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service. In addition to the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, you must monitor each pressure relief device as specified in paragraphs (d)(1) of this section, except as specified in paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section.
(1) You must monitor each pressure relief device within 5 calendar days after each pressure release to detect leaks using the methods specified in § 60.5406c. A leak is detected if any emissions are observed using OGI, or if an instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater is provided using Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(2) Any pressure relief device that is located in a nonfractionating plant that is monitored only by non-plant personnel may be monitored after a pressure release the next time the monitoring personnel are onsite or within 30 calendar days after a pressure release, whichever is sooner, instead of within 5 calendar days as specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section. No pressure relief device described in this paragraph may be allowed to operate for more than 30 calendar days after a pressure release without monitoring.
(3) Any pressure relief device that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and transporting leakage through the pressure relief device to a control device as described in paragraph (f) of this section is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
(e) Open-ended valves or lines. Each open-ended valve or line must be equipped with a cap, blind flange, plug, or a second valve, except as provided in paragraphs (e)(4) and (5) of this section. The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve must seal the open end of the valve or line at all times except during operations requiring process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line.
(1) If evidence of a leak is found at any time by AVO, or any other detection method, a leak is detected.
(2) Each open-ended valve or line equipped with a second valve must be operated in a manner such that the valve on the process fluid end is closed before the second valve is closed.
(3) When a double block-and-bleed system is being used, the bleed valve or line may remain open during operations that require venting the line between the block valves but shall remain closed at all other times.
(4) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process upset are exempt from the requirements of this section.
(5) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would autocatalytically polymerize or would present an explosion, serious overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a double block-and-bleed system as specified in paragraphs (e) introductory text, (e)(2) and (3) of this section are exempt from the requirements of this section.
(f) Closed vent systems and control devices. Closed vent systems used to comply with the equipment leak provisions of this section must comply with the requirements in §§ 60.5411c and 60.5416c. Control devices used to comply with the equipment leak provisions of this section must comply with the requirements in §§ 60.5412c, 60.5415c(e), and 60.5417c.
(g) Pumps, valves, and connectors in heavy liquid service and pressure relief devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service. If evidence of a potential leak is found at any time by AVO, or any other detection method, a leak is detected and must be repaired in accordance with paragraph (h) of this section.
(h) Repair requirements. When a leak is detected, you must comply with the requirements of paragraphs (h)(1) through (5) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (h)(6) of this section.
(1) A weatherproof and readily visible identification tag, marked with the equipment identification number, must be attached to the leaking equipment. The identification tag on equipment may be removed after it has been repaired.
(2) A first attempt at repair must be made as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. A first attempt at repair is not required if the leak is detected using OGI and the equipment identified as leaking would require elevating the repair personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface.
(i) First attempts at repair for pumps in light liquid or heavy liquid service include, but are not limited to, the practices described in paragraphs (h)(2)(i)(A) and (B) of this section, where practicable.
(A) Tightening the packing gland nuts.
(B) Ensuring that the seal flush is operating at design pressure and temperature.
(ii) For each valve where a leak is detected, you must comply with paragraphs (h)(2)(ii)(A) (B), (C) or (D) of this section.
(A) Repack the existing valve with a low-e packing.
(B) Replace the existing valve with a low-e valve; or
(C) Perform a drill and tap repair with a low-e injectable packing.
(D) An owner or operator is not required to utilize a low-e valve or low-e packing to replace or repack a valve if the owner or operator demonstrates that a low-e valve or low-e packing is not technically feasible. Low-e valve or low-e packing that is not suitable for its intended use is considered to be technically infeasible. Factors that may be considered in determining technical infeasibility include: retrofit requirements for installation ( e.g., re-piping or space limitation), commercial unavailability for valve type, or certain instrumentation assemblies.
(3) Repair of leaking equipment must be completed within 15 calendar days after detection of each leak, except as provided in paragraphs (h)(4), (5) and (6) of this section.
(4) If the repair for visual indications of liquids dripping for pumps in light liquid service can be made by eliminating visual indications of liquids dripping, you must make the repair within 5 calendar days of detection.
(5) If the repair for AVO or other indication of a leak for open-ended valves or lines; pumps, valves, or connectors in heavy liquid service; or pressure relief devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service can be made by eliminating the AVO, or other indication of a potential leak, you must make the repair within 5 calendar days of detection.
(6) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected is allowed if repair within 15 days is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown or as specified in paragraphs (h)(6)(i) through (v) of this section. Repair of this equipment shall occur before the end of the next process unit shutdown. Monitoring to verify repair must occur within 15 days after startup of the process unit.
(i) Delay of repair of equipment is allowed for equipment which is isolated from the process, and which does not have the potential to emit methane.
(ii) Delay of repair for valves and connectors is allowed if the conditions in paragraphs (h)(6)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section are met.
(A) You must demonstrate that emissions of purged material resulting from immediate repair are greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair, and
(B) When repair procedures are conducted, the purged material is collected and destroyed or recovered in a control device complying with paragraph (f) of this section.
(iii) Delay of repair for pumps is allowed if the conditions in paragraphs (h)(6)(iii)(A) and (B) of this section are met.
(A) Repair requires the use of a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system, and
(B) Repair is completed as soon as practicable, but not later than 6 months after the leak was detected.
(iv) If delay of repair is required to repack or replace the valve, you may use delay of repair. Delay of repair beyond a process unit shutdown is allowed for a valve, if valve assembly replacement is necessary during the process unit shutdown, valve assembly supplies have been depleted, and valve assembly supplies had been sufficiently stocked before the supplies were depleted. Delay of repair beyond the next process unit shutdown will not be allowed unless the next process unit shutdown occurs sooner than 6 months after the first process unit shutdown.
(v) When delay of repair is allowed for a leaking pump, valve, or connector that remains in service, the pump, valve, or connector may be considered to be repaired and no longer subject to delay of repair requirements if two consecutive bimonthly monitoring results show no leak remains.
(i) Initial compliance. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the standards that apply to equipment leaks at onshore natural gas processing plants as required by § 60.5410c(g).
(j) Continuous compliance. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the standards that apply to equipment leaks at onshore natural gas processing plants as required by § 60.5415c(i).
(k) Reporting. You must perform the reporting requirements as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (10) through (12), as applicable, and § 60.5422c.
(l) Recordkeeping. You must perform the recordkeeping requirements as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(7) and (9) through (12), as applicable, and § 60.5421c.
§ 60.5401c   What are the alternative GHG standards for process unit equipment designated facilities?
This section provides alternative standards for process unit equipment designated facilities located at an onshore natural gas processing plant. You may choose to comply with the standards in this section instead of the requirements in § 60.5400c. For purposes of the alternative standards provided in this section, you must comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (m) of this section to reduce methane emissions from equipment leaks, except as provided in § 60.5402c.
(a) General standards. You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section for each pump in light liquid service. You must comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section for each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service. You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (d) of this section for each open-ended valve or line. You must comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section for each closed vent system and control device used to comply with equipment leak provisions in this section. You must comply with paragraph (f) of this section for each valve in gas/vapor or light liquid service. You must comply with paragraph (g) of this section for each pump, valve, and connector in heavy liquid service and pressure relief device in light liquid or heavy liquid service. You must comply with paragraph (h) of this section for each connector in gas/vapor and light liquid service. You must make repairs as specified in paragraph (i) of this section. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the standards as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the standards as specified in paragraph (k) of this section. You must perform the reporting requirements as specified in paragraph (l) of this section. You must perform the recordkeeping requirements as required in paragraph (m) of this section.
(1) Each piece of equipment is presumed to have the potential to emit methane unless an owner or operator demonstrates that the piece of equipment does not have the potential to emit methane. For a piece of equipment to be considered not to have the potential to emit methane, the methane content of a gaseous stream must be below detection limits using Method 18 of appendix A-6 to this part. Alternatively, if the piece of equipment is in wet gas service, you may choose to determine the methane content of the stream is below the detection limit of the methods described in ASTM E168-16(R2023), E169-16(R2022), or E260-96 (all incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(2) [Reserved]
(b) Pumps in light liquid service. You must monitor each pump in light liquid service monthly to detect leaks by the methods specified in § 60.5406c, except as provided in paragraphs (b)(2) through (6) of this section. A leak is defined as an instrument reading of 2,000 ppmv or greater. A pump that begins operation in light liquid service after the initial startup date for the process unit must be monitored for the first time within 30 days after the end of its startup period, except for a pump that replaces a leaking pump and except as provided in paragraphs (b)(2) through (6) of this section.
(1) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, you must conduct weekly visual inspections of all pumps in light liquid service for indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal, you must follow the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) Monitor the pump within 5 days using the methods specified in § 60.5406c. A leak is defined as an instrument reading of 2,000 ppmv or greater.
(ii) Designate the visual indications of liquids dripping as a leak, and repair the leak as specified in paragraph (i) of this section.
(2) Each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section, provided the requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (v) of this section are met.
(i) Each dual mechanical seal system meets the requirements of paragraphs (b)(2)(i)(A), (B), or (C) of this section.
(A) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is at all times greater than the pump stuffing box pressure; or
(B) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed vent system to a control device that complies with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section; or
(C) Equipped with a system that purges the barrier fluid into a process stream with zero methane emissions to the atmosphere.
(ii) The barrier fluid system is in heavy liquid service or does not have the potential to emit methane.
(iii) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
(iv) Each pump is checked according to the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(v) Each sensor meets the requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(v)(A) through (C) of this section.
(A) Each sensor as described in paragraph (b)(2)(iii) of this section is checked daily or is equipped with an audible alarm.
(B) You determine, based on design considerations and operating experience, a criterion that indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
(C) If the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both, based on the criterion established in paragraph (b)(2)(v)(B) of this section, a leak is detected.
(3) Any pump that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(12), for no detectable emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background, is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b), (b)(1), and (b)(2) of this section if the pump:
(i) Has no externally actuated shaft penetrating the pump housing;
(ii) Is demonstrated to be operating with no detectable emissions as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background as measured by the methods specified in § 60.5406c; and
(iii) Is tested for compliance with paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section initially upon designation, annually, and at other times requested by the Administrator.
(4) If any pump is equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a process, fuel gas system, or a control device that complies with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section, it is exempt from paragraphs (b) introductory text and (b)(1) through (3) of this section, and the repair requirements of paragraph (i) of this section.
(5) Any pump that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(13), as an unsafe-to-monitor pump is exempt from the monitoring and inspection requirements of paragraphs (b) introductory text, (b)(1), and (b)(2)(iv) and (v) of this section if the conditions in paragraph (b)(5)(i) and (ii) are met.
(i) You demonstrate that the pump is unsafe-to-monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (b) of this section; and
(ii) You have a written plan that requires monitoring of the pump as frequently as practicable during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable, and you repair the equipment according to the procedures in paragraph (i) of this section if a leak is detected.
(6) Any pump that is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirements in paragraph (b)(1) and (b)(2)(iv) of this section, and the daily requirements of paragraph (b)(2)(v) of this section, provided that each pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least monthly.
(c) Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service. You must monitor each pressure relief device quarterly using the methods specified in § 60.5406c. A leak is defined as an instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater above background.
(1) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section, after each pressure release, you must monitor each pressure relief device within 5 calendar days after each pressure release to detect leaks. A leak is detected if an instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater is provided using the methods specified in § 60.5406c(b).
(2) Any pressure relief device that is located in a nonfractionating plant that is monitored only by non-plant personnel may be monitored after a pressure release the next time the monitoring personnel are onsite, or within 30 calendar days after a pressure release, whichever is sooner, instead of within 5 calendar days as specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
(3) No pressure relief device described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section may be allowed to operate for more than 30 calendar days after a pressure release without monitoring.
(4) Any pressure relief device that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and transporting leakage through the pressure relief device to a control device as described in paragraph (e) of this section is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (c) introductory text and (c)(1) of this section.
(5) Pressure relief devices equipped with a rupture disk are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section provided you install a new rupture disk upstream of the pressure relief device as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 calendar days after each pressure release, except as provided in paragraph (i)(6) of this section.
(d) Open-ended valves or lines. Each open-ended valve or line must be equipped with a cap, blind flange, plug, or a second valve, except as provided in paragraphs (d)(4) and (5) of this section. The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve must seal the open end of the valve or line at all times except during operations requiring process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line.
(1) If evidence of a leak is found at any time by AVO, or any other detection method, a leak is detected and must be repaired in accordance with paragraph (i) of this section. A leak is defined as an instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater if Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part is used.
(2) Each open-ended valve or line equipped with a second valve must be operated in a manner such that the valve on the process fluid end is closed before the second valve is closed.
(3) When a double block-and-bleed system is being used, the bleed valve or line may remain open during operations that require venting the line between the block valves but shall remain closed at all other times.
(4) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process upset are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (d), and (d)(1) through (3) of this section.
(5) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would autocatalytically polymerize or would present an explosion, serious overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a double block-and-bleed system as specified in paragraphs (d) introductory text and (d)(2) and (3) of this section are exempt from the requirements of this section.
(e) Closed vent systems and control devices. Closed vent systems used to comply with the equipment leak provisions of this section must comply with the requirements in §§ 60.5411c and 60.5416c. Control devices used to comply with the equipment leak provisions of this section must comply with the requirements in §§ 60.5412c, 60.5415c(e), and 60.5417c.
(f) Valves in gas/vapor and light liquid service. You must monitor each valve in gas/vapor and in light liquid service quarterly to detect leaks by the methods specified in § 60.5406c, except as provided in paragraphs (f)(3) through (5) of this section.
(1) A valve that begins operation in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service after the initial startup date for the process unit must be monitored for the first time within 90 days after the end of its startup period to ensure proper installation, except for a valve that replaces a leaking valve and except as provided in paragraphs (f)(3) through (5) of this section.
(2) An instrument reading of 500 ppmv or greater is a leak. You must repair each leaking valve according to the requirements in paragraph (i) of this section.
(3) Any valve that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(12), for no detectable emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background, is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraph (f) of this section if the valve:
(i) Has no externally actuating mechanism in contact with the process fluid;
(ii) Is operated with emissions less than 500 ppmv above background as determined by the methods specified in § 60.5406c; and
(iii) Is tested for compliance with paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this section initially upon designation, annually, and at other times requested by the Administrator.
(4) Any valve that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(13), as an unsafe-to-monitor valve is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraph (f) of this section if the requirements in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section are met.
(i) You demonstrate that the valve is unsafe-to-monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (f) of this section; and
(ii) You have a written plan that requires monitoring of the valve as frequently as practicable during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable, and you repair the equipment according to the procedures in paragraph (i) of this section if a leak is detected.
(5) Any valve that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(14), as a difficult-to-monitor valve is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraph (f) of this section if the requirements in paragraph (f)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section are met.
(i) You demonstrate that the valve cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface.
(ii) The process unit within which the valve is located has less than 3.0 percent of its total number of valves designated as difficult-to-monitor.
(iii) You have a written plan that requires monitoring of the at least once per calendar year.
(g) Pumps, valves, and connectors in heavy liquid service and pressure relief devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service. If evidence of a potential leak is found at any time by AVO, or any other detection method, you must comply with either paragraph (g)(1) or (2) of this section.
(1) You must monitor the equipment within 5 calendar days by the method specified in § 60.5406c and repair any leaks detected according to paragraph (i) of this section. An instrument reading of 10,000 ppmv or greater is defined as a leak.
(2) You must designate the AVO, or other indication of a leak as a leak and repair the leak according to paragraph (i) of this section.
(h) Connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service. You must initially monitor all connectors in the process unit for leaks by the later of either 12 months after the compliance date or 12 months after initial startup. If all connectors in the process unit have been monitored for leaks prior to the compliance date, no initial monitoring is required provided either no process changes have been made since the monitoring or the owner or operator can determine that the results of the monitoring, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process changes. If required to monitor because of a process change, you are required to monitor only those connectors involved in the process change.
(1) You must monitor all connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service annually, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section or paragraph (h)(2) of this section.
(2) Any connector that is designated, as described in § 60.5421c(b)(13), as an unsafe-to-monitor connector is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (h) and (h)(1) of this section if the requirements of paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section are met.
(i) You demonstrate the connector is unsafe-to-monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs (h) and (h)(1) of this section; and
(ii) You have a written plan that requires monitoring of the connector as frequently as practicable during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable, and you repair the equipment according to the procedures in paragraph (i) of this section if a leak is detected.
(3) Inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-line connectors.
(i) Any connector that is inaccessible or that is ceramic or ceramic-lined ( e.g., porcelain, glass, or glass-lined), is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraphs (h) and (h)(1) of this section, from the leak repair requirements of paragraph (i) of this section, and from the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of §§ 60.5421c and 60.5422c. An inaccessible connector is one that meets any of the specifications in paragraphs (h)(3)(i)(A) through (F) of this section, as applicable.
(A) Buried.
(B) Insulated in a manner that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe.
(C) Obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe.
(D) Unable to be reached from a wheeled scissor-lift or hydraulic-type scaffold that would allow access to connectors up to 7.6 meters (25 feet) above the ground.
(E) Inaccessible because it would require elevating monitoring personnel more than 2 meters (7 feet) above a permanent support surface or would require the erection of scaffold.
(F) Not able to be accessed at any time in a safe manner to perform monitoring. Unsafe access includes, but is not limited to, the use of a wheeled scissor-lift on unstable or uneven terrain, the use of a motorized man-lift basket in areas where an ignition potential exists, or access would require near proximity to hazards such as electrical lines or would risk damage to equipment.
(ii) If any inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connector is observed by AVO, or other means to be leaking, the indications of a leak to the atmosphere by AVO or other means must be eliminated as soon as practicable.
(4) Connectors which are part of an instrumentation systems and inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connectors meeting the provisions of paragraph (h)(3) of this section, are not subject to the recordkeeping requirements of § 60.5421c(b)(1).
(i) Repair requirements. When a leak is detected, comply with the requirements of paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (i)(6) of this section.
(1) A weatherproof and readily visible identification tag, marked with the equipment identification number, must be attached to the leaking equipment. The identification tag on the equipment may be removed after it has been repaired.
(2) A first attempt at repair must be made as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected.
(i) First attempts at repair for pumps in light liquid or heavy liquid service include, but are not limited to, the practices described in paragraphs (i)(2)(i)(A) and (B) of this section, where practicable.
(A) Tightening the packing gland nuts.
(B) Ensuring that the seal flush is operating at design pressure and temperature.
(ii) For each valve where a leak is detected, you must comply with paragraphs (i)(2)(ii)(A), (B) or (C), and (D) of this section.
(A) Repack the existing valve with a low-e packing.
(B) Replace the existing valve with a low-e valve; or
(C) Perform a drill and tap repair with a low-e injectable packing.
(D) An owner or operator is not required to utilize a low-e valve or low-e packing to replace or repack a valve if the owner or operator demonstrates that a low-e valve or low-e packing is not technically feasible. Low-e valve or low-e packing that is not suitable for its intended use is considered to be technically infeasible. Factors that may be considered in determining technical infeasibility include: retrofit requirements for installation ( e.g., re-piping or space limitation), commercial unavailability for valve type, or certain instrumentation assemblies.
(3) Repair of leaking equipment must be completed within 15 calendar days after detection of each leak, except as provided in paragraphs (i)(4), (5) and (6) of this section.
(4) If the repair for visual indications of liquids dripping for pumps in light liquid service can be made by eliminating visual indications of liquids dripping, you must make the repair within 5 calendar days of detection.
(5) If the repair for AVO or other indication of a leak for open-ended lines or valves; pumps, valves, or connectors in heavy liquid service; or pressure relief devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service can be made by eliminating the AVO, or other indication of a potential leak, you must make the repair within 5 calendar days of detection.
(6) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected will be allowed if repair within 15 calendar days is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown or as specified in paragraphs (i)(6)(i) through (v) of this section. Repair of this equipment shall occur before the end of the next process unit shutdown. Monitoring to verify repair must occur within 15 calendar days after startup of the process unit.
(i) Delay of repair of equipment will be allowed for equipment which is isolated from the process, and which does not have the potential to emit methane.
(ii) Delay of repair for valves and connectors will be allowed if the conditions in paragraphs (i)(6)(ii)(A) and (B) are met.
(A) You demonstrate that emissions of purged material resulting from immediate repair are greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair, and
(B) When repair procedures are conducted, the purged material is collected and destroyed or recovered in a control device complying with paragraph (e) of this section.
(iii) Delay of repair for pumps will be allowed if the conditions in paragraphs (i)(6)(iii)(A) and (B) of this section are met.
(A) Repair requires the use of a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system, and
(B) Repair is completed as soon as practicable, but not later than 6 months after the leak was detected.
(iv) If delay of repair is required to repack or replace the valve, you may use delay of repair. Delay of repair beyond a process unit shutdown will be allowed for a valve, if valve assembly replacement is necessary during the process unit shutdown, valve assembly supplies have been depleted, and valve assembly supplies had been sufficiently stocked before the supplies were depleted. Delay of repair beyond the next process unit shutdown will not be allowed unless the next process unit shutdown occurs sooner than 6 months after the first process unit shutdown.
(v) When delay of repair is allowed for a leaking pump, valve, or connector that remains in service, the pump, valve, or connector may be considered to be repaired and no longer subject to delay of repair requirements if two consecutive monthly monitoring results show no leak remains.
(j) Initial compliance. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the standards that apply to equipment leaks at onshore natural gas processing plants as required by § 60.5410c(g).
(k) Continuous compliance. You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the standards that apply to equipment leaks at onshore natural gas processing plants as required by § 60.5415c(i).
(l) Reporting. You must perform the reporting requirements as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (10) through (12), as applicable, and § 60.5422c.
(m) Recordkeeping. You must perform the recordkeeping requirements as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(7) and (9) through (12), as applicable, and § 60.5421c.
§ 60.5402c   What are the exceptions to the GHG standards for process unit equipment designated facilities?
(a) You may comply with the following exceptions to the provisions of §§ 60.5400c(a) and 60.5401c(a), as applicable.
(b) Pumps in light liquid service, pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service, valves in gas/vapor and light liquid service, and connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service that are located at a nonfractionating plant that does not have the design capacity to process 283,200 standard cubic meters per day (scmd) (10 million standard cubic feet per day) or more of field gas may comply with the exceptions specified in paragraphs (b)(1) or (2) of this section.
(1) You are exempt from bimonthly OGI monitoring as required under § 60.5400c(b).
(2) You are exempt from the routine Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part monitoring requirements of § 60.5401c(b), (c), (f), and (h), if complying with the alternative standards of § 60.5401c.
(c) Pumps in light liquid service, pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service, valves in gas/vapor and light liquid service, and connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service within a process unit that is located in the Alaskan North Slope are exempt from the monitoring requirements § 60.5400c(b) and (c) and § 60.5401c(b), (c), (f) and (h).
(d) You may use the following provisions instead of § 60.5406c(d):
(1) Equipment is in heavy liquid service if the weight percent evaporated is 10 percent or less at 150 degrees Celsius (302 degrees Fahrenheit) as determined by ASTM D86-96 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(2) Equipment is in light liquid service if the weight percent evaporated is greater than 10 percent at 150 °Celsius (302 °F) as determined by ASTM D86-96 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(e) Equipment that is in vacuum service, except connectors in gas/vapor and light liquid service, is excluded from the requirements of § 60.5400c(b) through (g), if it is identified as required in § 60.5421c(b)(15). Equipment that is in vacuum service is excluded from the requirements of § 60.5401c(b) through (g) if it is identified as required in § 60.5421c(b)(15).
(f) Equipment that you designate as having the potential to emit methane less than 300 hr/yr is excluded from the requirements of § 60.5400c(b) through (g) and § 60.5401c(b) through (h), if it is identified as required in § 60.5421c(b)(16) and it meets any of the conditions specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) The equipment has the potential to emit methane only during startup and shutdown.
(2) The equipment has the potential to emit methane only during process malfunctions or other emergencies.
(3) The equipment is backup equipment that has the potential to emit methane only when the primary equipment is out of service.
§ 60.5405c   What test methods and procedures must I use for my centrifugal compressor and reciprocating compressor designated facilities?
(a) You must use one of the methods described in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section to screen for emissions or leaks from the reciprocating compressor rod packing when complying with § 60.5393c(b)(1)(iii), (b)(2)(i), or (c)(2)(iv), and from the compressor dry and wet seal vents when complying with § 60.5392c(a)(2)(i)(A).
(1) Optical gas imaging instrument. Use an optical gas imaging instrument for equipment leak detection as specified in either paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section. For the purposes of paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, any visible emissions observed by the optical gas imaging instrument from reciprocating rod packing or compressor dry or wet seal vent is a leak.
(i) Optical gas imaging instrument as specified in appendix K of this part. For reciprocating compressor and centrifugal compressor designated facilities with wet or dry seals located at onshore natural gas processing plants, use an optical gas imaging instrument to screen for emissions from reciprocating rod packing or centrifugal compressor dry or wet seal vent in accordance with the protocol specified in appendix K of this part.
(ii) Optical gas imaging instrument as specified in § 60.5397c of this subpart. For reciprocating compressor and centrifugal compressor designated facilities with wet or dry seals located at centralized production facilities, compressor stations, or other location that is not an onshore natural gas processing plant, use an optical gas imaging instrument to screen for emissions from reciprocating rod packing or centrifugal compressor with wet or dry seals in accordance with the elements of § 60.5397c(c)(7).
(2) Method 21. Use Method 21 in appendix A-7 to this part according to § 60.5406c(b)(1) and (2). For the purposes of this section, an instrument reading of 500 ppmv above background or greater is a leak.
(b) You must determine natural gas volumetric flow rate using a rate meter which meets the requirement in Method 2D in appendix A-1 to this part. Rate meters must be calibrated on an annual basis according to the requirements in Method 2D.
(c) You must use a high-volume sampler to measure emissions of the reciprocating compressor rod packing or centrifugal compressor dry or wet seal vent in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) You must use a high-volume sampler designed to capture the entirety of the emissions from the applicable vent and measure the entire range of methane concentrations being emitted as well as the total volumetric flow at standard conditions. You must develop a standard operating procedure for this device and document these procedures in the appropriate monitoring plan. In order to get reliable results, persons using this device should be knowledgeable in its operation and the requirements in this section.
(2) This procedure may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This procedure may not address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this procedure to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to performing this procedure.
(3) The high-volume sampler must include a methane gas sensor(s) which meets the requirements in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) The methane sensor(s) must be selective to methane with minimal interference, less than 2.5 percent for the sum of responses to other compounds in the gas matrix. You must document the minimal interference though empirical testing or through data provided by the manufacturer of the sensor.
(ii) The methane sensor(s) must have a measurement range over the entire expected range of concentrations.
(iii) The methane sensor(s) must be capable of taking a measurement once every second, and the data system must be capable of recording these results for each sensor at all times during operation of the sampler.
(4) The high-volume sampler must be designed such that it is capable of sampling sufficient volume in order to capture all emissions from the applicable vent. Your high-volume sampler must include a flow measurement sensor(s) which meets the requirements of paragraphs (c)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) The flow measurement sensor must have a measurement range over the entire expected range of flow rates sampled. If needed multiple sensors may be used to capture the entire range of expected flow rates.
(ii) The flow measurement sensor(s) must be capable of taking a measurement once every second, and the data system must be capable of recording these results for each sensor at all times during operation of the sampler.
(5) You must calibrate your methane sensor(s) according to the procedures in paragraphs (c)(5)(i)(A) and (B) of this section, and flow measurement sensors must be calibrated according to the procedures in paragraph (c)(5)(ii) of this section.
(i) For Methane sensor calibration:
(A) Initially and on a semi-annual basis, determine the linearity at four points through the measurement range for each methane sensor using methane gaseous calibration cylinder standards. At each point, the difference between the cylinder value and the sensor reading must be less than 5 percent of the respective calibration gas value. If the sensor does not meet this requirement, perform corrective action on the sensor, and do not use the sampler until these criteria can be met.
(B) Prior to and at the end of each testing day, challenge each sensor at two points, a low point, and a mid-point, using methane gaseous calibration cylinder standards. At each point, the difference between the cylinder value and the sensor reading must be less than 5 percent of the respective calibration gas value. If the sensor does not meet this requirement, perform corrective action on the sensor and do not use the sampler again until these criteria can be met. If the post-test calibration check fails at either point, invalidate the data from all tests performed subsequent to the last passing calibration check.
(ii) Flow measurement sensors must meet the requirements in Method 2D in appendix A-1 to this part. Rate meters must be calibrated on an annual basis according to the requirements in Method 2D. If your flow sensor relies on ancillary temperature and pressure measurements to correct the flow rate to standard conditions, the temperature and pressure sensors must also be calibrated on an annual basis. Standard conditions are defined as 20 °C (68 °F) and 760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
(6) You must conduct sampling of the reciprocating compressor rod packing or centrifugal compressor dry or wet seal vent in accordance with the procedures in paragraphs (c)(6)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) The instrument must be operated consistent with manufacturer recommendations; users are encouraged to develop a standard operating procedure to document the exact procedures used for sampling.
(ii) Identify the rod packing or centrifugal compressor dry or wet seal vent to be measured and record the signal to noise ratio (S/N) of the engine. Collect a background methane sample in parts per million by volume (ppmv) for a minimum of one minute and record the result along with the date and time.
(iii) Approach the vent with the sample hose and adjust the sampler so that you are measuring at the full flow rate. Then, adjust the flow rate to ensure the measured methane concentration is within the calibrated range of the methane sensor and minimum methane concentration is at least 2 ppmv higher than the background concentration. Sample for a period of at least one minute and record the average flow rate in standard cubic feet per minute and the methane sample concentration in ppmv, along with the date and time. Standard conditions are defined as 20 °C (68 °F) and 760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
(iv) Calculate the leak rate according to the following equation:
(v) You must collect at least three separate one-minute measurements and determine the average leak rate. The relative percent difference of these three separate samples should be less than 10 percent.
(7) If the measured natural gas flow determined as specified in paragraph (c)(6) of this section exceeds 70.0 percent of the manufacturer's reported maximum sampling flow rate you must either use a temporary or permanent flow meter according to paragraph (b) of this section or use another method meeting the requirements in paragraph (d) of this section to determine the leak or flow rate.
(d) As an alternative to a high-volume sampler, you may use any other method that has been validated in accordance with the procedures specified in Method 301 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 63, subject to Administrator approval, as specified in § 60.8(b).
§ 60.5406c   What test methods and procedures must I use for my process unit equipment designated facilities?
(a) In conducting the performance tests required in § 60.8, you must use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in appendix A to this part or other methods and procedures as specified in this section, except as provided in § 60.8(b).
(b) You must determine compliance with the standards in § 60.5401c as follows:
(1) Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part shall be used to determine the presence of leaking sources. The instrument shall be calibrated before use each day of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part. The following calibration gases shall be used:
(i) Zero air (less than 10 ppmv of hydrocarbon in air); and
(ii) A mixture of methane or n-hexane and air at a concentration no more than 2,000 ppmv greater than the leak definition concentration of the equipment monitored. If the monitoring instrument's design allows for multiple calibration scales, then the lower scale shall be calibrated with a calibration gas that is no higher than 2,000 ppmv above the concentration specified as a leak, and the highest scale shall be calibrated with a calibration gas that is approximately or equal to 10,000 ppmv. If only one scale on an instrument will be used during monitoring, you need not calibrate the scales that will not be used during that day's monitoring.
(iii) Verification that your monitoring equipment meets the requirements specified in Section 6.0 of Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part. For purposes of instrument capability, the leak definition shall be 500 ppmv or greater methane using a FID-based instrument for valves and connectors and 2,000 ppmv methane or greater for pumps. If you wish to use an analyzer other than a FID-based instrument, you must develop a site-specific leak definition that would be equivalent to 500 ppmv methane using a FID-based instrument ( e.g., 10.6 eV PID with a specified isobutylene concentration as the leak definition would provide equivalent response to your compound of interest).
(2) The instrument must be calibrated before use each day of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part. At minimum, you must also conduct precision tests at the interval specified in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part, Section 8.1.2, and a calibration drift assessment at the end of each monitoring day. The calibration drift assessment must be conducted as specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section. Corrective action for drift assessments is specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and (iii) of this section.
(i) Check the instrument using the same calibration gas that was used to calibrate the instrument before use. Follow the procedures specified in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part, Section 10.1, except do not adjust the meter readout to correspond to the calibration gas value. If multiple scales are used, record the instrument reading for each scale used. Divide the arithmetic difference of the initial and post-test calibration response by the corresponding calibration gas value for each scale and multiply by 100 to express the calibration drift as a percentage.
(ii) If a calibration drift assessment shows a negative drift of more than 10 percent, then all equipment with instrument readings between the fugitive emission definition multiplied by (100 minus the percent of negative drift) divided by 100 and the fugitive emission definition that was monitored since the last calibration must be re-monitored.
(iii) If any calibration drift assessment shows a positive drift of more than 10 percent from the initial calibration value, then, at the owner/operator's discretion, all equipment with instrument readings above the fugitive emission definition and below the fugitive emission definition multiplied by (100 plus the percent of positive drift) divided by 100 monitored since the last calibration may be re-monitored.
(c) You shall determine compliance with the no detectable emission standards in § 60.5401c(b) and (f) as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The requirements of paragraph (b) of this section shall apply.
(2) Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part shall be used to determine the background level. All potential leak interfaces shall be traversed as close to the interface as possible. The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration indicated by the instrument and the background level is compared with 500 ppmv for determining compliance.
(d) You shall demonstrate that a piece of equipment is in light liquid service by showing that all of the following conditions apply:
(1) The vapor pressure of one or more of the organic components is greater than 0.3 kPa at 20 °C (1.2 in. H 2 O at68 °F). Standard reference texts or ASTM D2879-83, -96, or -97 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) shall be used to determine the vapor pressures.
(2) The total concentration of the pure organic components having a vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kPa at 20 °C (1.2 in. H 2 O at 68 °F) is equal to or greater than 20 percent by weight.
(3) The fluid is a liquid at operating conditions.
(e) Samples used in conjunction with paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section shall be representative of the process fluid that is contained in or contacts the equipment, or the gas being combusted in the flare.
§ 60.5410c   How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the standards for each of my designated facilities?
(a) Gas well liquids unloading standards for well designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with the GHG standards for each gas well liquids unloading operation conducted at your well designated facility as required by § 60.5390c, you must comply with paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section, as applicable.
(1) You must submit the initial annual report for your well designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (2).
(2) If you comply by using a liquids unloading technology or technique that does not vent to the atmosphere according to § 60.5390c(a)(1), you must maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(1)(i).
(3) If you comply by using a liquids unloading technology or technique that vents to the atmosphere according to § 60.5390c(a)(2), (b) and (c), you must comply with paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) Employ best management practices to minimize venting of methane emissions as specified in § 60.5390c(c) for each gas well liquids unloading operation.
(ii) Maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(1)(ii).
(4) If you comply by using § 60.5390c(g), you must comply with paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) Reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c.
(ii) Install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture all emissions and route all emissions to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c.
(iii) Conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after the initial gas well liquids unloading operation or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e), and comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(iv) Conduct the initial inspections required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(v) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(vi) Maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(1)(iii), (c)(7), and (c)(9) through (12), as applicable and submit the reports as required by § 60.5420c(b)(10) through (12), as applicable.
(b) Associated gas well standards for well designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with the GHG standards for each associated gas well as required by § 60.5391c, you must comply with paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) If you comply with the requirements of § 60.5391c(a), you must maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(2)(i) and (ii), as applicable, and submit the information required by § 60.5420c(b)(3)(i) through (v) in your initial annual report.
(2) If you comply with § 60.5391c(b) because you have demonstrated that annual methane emissions are 40 tons per year or less, you must document the calculation of annual methane emissions determined in accordance with § 60.5391c(e)(1) and submit them in the initial annual report as required by paragraph (b)(5) of this section, and comply with paragraphs (b)(4) of this section.
(3) If you comply with § 60.5391c(b) because you have demonstrated that it is not feasible to comply with § 60.5391c(a)(1), (2), (3), or (4) due to technical reasons, document the initial demonstration and certification of the technical reason in accordance with § 60.5391c(b)(2), maintain the documentation in accordance with § 60.5391c(b)(2)(iv), and comply with paragraphs (b)(4) of this section. Submit this documentation in the initial annual report as required by paragraph (b)(5) of this section and comply with paragraph (b)(4) of this section.
(4) If you comply with § 60.5391c(b) or (c), you must comply with paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) Reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c.
(ii) Install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture the associated gas and route the captured associated gas to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c.
(iii) Conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e) and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(iv) Conduct the initial inspections required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(v) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(vi) Maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(2)(ii) and (v) and (c)(7) and (9) through (12), as applicable.
(5) You must submit the initial annual report for your associated gas well at a well designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1), (3), and (10) through (12), as applicable.
(c) Centrifugal compressor designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with the GHG standards in § 60.5392c(a)(1) and (2) for your centrifugal compressors (including both wet seal centrifugal compressors and dry seal centrifugal compressors) that require volumetric flow rate measurements, you must comply with paragraphs (c)(1), (6), and (7) of this section. Alternatively, if you comply with the GHG standards for your wet seal and dry seal centrifugal compressor designated facility by reducing methane emissions from each centrifugal compressor wet seal fluid degassing system by 95.0 percent in accordance with § 60.5392c(a)(3) and (4), you must achieve initial compliance by complying with paragraphs (c)(2) through (7) of this section. If you comply with the GHG standards for your wet seal and dry seal centrifugal compressor designated facility by routing emissions from the wet seal fluid degassing system through a closed vent system to a process in accordance with § 60.5392c(a)(5), you must achieve initial compliance by complying with paragraphs (c)(2), (4), (6), and (7) of this section.
(1) You must maintain the volumetric flow rates for your centrifugal compressors as specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable. You must conduct your initial annual volumetric measurement as required by § 60.5392c(a)(1).
(i) For your wet seal centrifugal compressors (including self-contained wet seal centrifugal compressors), you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 3 scfm per seal.
(ii) For your Alaska North Slope centrifugal compressor equipped with sour seal oil separator and capture system, you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 9 scfm per seal.
(iii) For your dry seal compressor, you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 10 scfm per seal.
(2) If you use a control device to reduce emissions to comply with § 60.5392c(a)(4) or route the emissions to a process to comply with § 60.5392c(a)(5), you must equip the wet seal fluid degassing system or dry seal system with a cover that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(b) and route the captured vapors through a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) and is routed to a control device or process.
(3) If you use a control device to comply with § 60.5392c(a)(4), you must conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e) and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(4) If you use a control device to comply with § 60.5392c(a)(4) or comply with § 60.5392c(a)(5) by routing to a process, you must conduct the initial inspections required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(5) If you use a control device to comply with § 60.5392c(a)(4), you must install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(6) You must submit the initial annual report for your centrifugal compressor designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (4) and (b)(10) through (12), as applicable.
(7) You must maintain the records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(3) and (c)(7) through (12), as applicable.
(d) Reciprocating compressor designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with the GHG standards for each reciprocating compressor designated facility as required by § 60.5393c, you must comply with paragraphs (d)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) If you comply with § 60.5393c(a) by maintaining volumetric flow rate at or below 2 scfm per cylinder (or a combined cylinder emission flow rate greater than the number of compression cylinders multiplied by 2 scfm) as required by § 60.5393c(a), you must maintain volumetric flow rate at or below 2 scfm and you must conduct your initial annual volumetric flow rate measurement as required by § 60.5393c(a)(1).
(2) If you comply with § 60.5393c by collecting the methane emissions from your reciprocating compressor rod packing using a rod packing emissions collection system to a process as required by § 60.5393c(d)(1), you must equip the reciprocating compressor with a cover that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(b), route emissions to a process through a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c), and you must conduct the initial inspections required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(3) If you comply with § 60.5393c(d) by collecting emissions from your rod packing emissions collection system by using a control device to reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent as required by § 60.5393c(d)(2), you must equip the reciprocating compressor with a cover that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(b), route emissions to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c through a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c), and you must conduct the initial inspections required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(4) If you comply with § 60.5393c(d)(2), you must conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e) and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(5) If you comply with § 60.5393c(d)(2), you must install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(6) You must submit the initial annual report for your reciprocating compressor as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1), (5), and (10) through (12), as applicable.
(7) You must maintain the records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(4) and (7) through (12), as applicable.
(e) Process controller designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with GHG emission standards for your process controller designated facility, you must comply with paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of this section, as applicable. If you change compliance methods, you must also perform the applicable compliance demonstrations of paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section again for the new compliance method, note the change in compliance method in the annual report required by § 60.5420c(b)(6)(iv), and maintain the records required by paragraph (e)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section, as applicable, for the new compliance method.
(1) For process controller designated facilities complying with the requirements of § 60.5394c(a), you must demonstrate that your process controller designated facility does not emit any methane to the atmosphere by meeting the requirements of paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) If you comply by routing the emissions to a process, you must meet the requirements for closed vent systems specified in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.
(ii) If you comply by using a self-contained natural gas-driven process controller, you must conduct an initial no identifiable emissions inspection required by § 60.5416c(b).
(2) For each process controller designated facility located at a site in Alaska that does not have access to electrical power, you must demonstrate initial compliance with § 60.5394c(b)(1) and (2) or with § 60.5394c(b)(3), as an alternative to complying with paragraph § 60.5394c(a) by meeting the requirements specified in (e)(2)(i) through (v) of this section for each process controller, as applicable.
(i) For each process controller in the process controller designated facility operating with a bleed rate of less than or equal to 6 scfh, you must maintain records in accordance with § 60.5420c(c)(5)(iii)(A) that demonstrate the process controller is designed and operated to achieve a bleed rate less than or equal to 6 scfh.
(ii) For each process controller in the process controller designated facility operating with a bleed rate greater than 6 scfh, you must maintain records that demonstrate that a controller with a higher bleed rate than 6 scfh is required based on a specific functional need for that controller as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(5)(iii)(B).
(iii) For each intermittent vent process controller in the process controller designated facility you must demonstrate that each intermittent vent controller does not emit to the atmosphere during idle periods by conducting initial monitoring in accordance with § 60.5394c(b)(2)(ii).
(iv) For each process controller designated facility that complies by reducing methane emissions from all controllers in the process controller designated facility by 95.0 percent in accordance with § 60.5394c(b)(3), you must comply with paragraphs (e)(2)(iv)(A) through (D) of this section.
(A) Reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c.
(B) Route all process controller designated facility emissions to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c through a closed vent system that meets the requirements specified in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.
(C) Conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e) and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(D) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(3) For each closed vent system used to comply with § 60.5394c, you must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) Install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c).
(ii) Conduct the initial inspections of the closed vent system and bypasses, if applicable, as required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(4) You must submit the initial annual report for your process controller designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (6).
(5) You must maintain the records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(5).
(f) Pump designated facility. To demonstrate initial compliance with the GHG standards for your pump designated facility as required by § 60.5395c, you must comply with paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section, as applicable. If you change compliance methods, you must also perform the applicable compliance demonstrations of paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section again for the new compliance method, note the change in compliance method in the annual report required by § 60.5420c(b)(9)(v), and maintain the records required by paragraph (f)(4) of this section for the new compliance method.
(1) For pump designated facilities complying with the requirements of § 60.5395c(a) or (b)(2) by routing emissions to a process, you must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(ii) and (iv) of this section. For pump designated facilities complying with the requirements of § 60.5395c(b)(3), you must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) Reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c.
(ii) Install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture all emissions from all pumps in the pump designated facility and route all emissions to a process or control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c.
(iii) Conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e), and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(iv) Conduct the initial inspections of the closed vent system and bypasses, if applicable, as required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(v) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(2) Submit the certifications specified in paragraphs (f)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) The certification required by § 60.5395c(b)(3) that there is no vapor recovery unit on site and that there is a control device on site, but it does not achieve a 95.0 percent emissions reduction.
(ii) The certification required by § 60.5395c(b)(4) that there is no control device or process available on site.
(iii) The certification required by § 60.5395c(b)(7)(i) that it is technically infeasible to capture and route the pump designated facility emissions to a process or an existing control device.
(3) You must submit the initial annual report for your pump designated facility as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (9) through (12), as applicable.
(4) You must maintain the records for your pump designated facility as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(7) and (9) through (12), as applicable, and (c)(14).
(g) Process unit equipment designated facility. To achieve initial compliance with the GHG standards for process unit equipment designated facilities as required by § 60.5400c, you must comply with paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) and (11) through (15) of this section, unless you meet and comply with the exception in § 60.5402c(b), (e), or (f) or meet the exemption in § 60.5402c(c). If you comply with the GHG standards for process unit equipment designated facilities using the alternative standards in § 60.5401c, you must comply with paragraphs (g)(5) through (15) of this section, unless you meet and comply with the exemption in § 60.5402c(b) or (c) or the exception in § 60.5402c(e) or (f).
(1) You must conduct monitoring for each pump in light liquid service, pressure relief device in gas/vapor service, valve in gas/vapor or light liquid service and connector in gas/vapor or light liquid service as required by § 60.5400c(b).
(2) You must conduct monitoring as required by § 60.5400c(c) for each pump in light liquid service.
(3) You must conduct monitoring as required by § 60.5400c(d) for each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service.
(4) You must comply with the equipment requirements for each open-ended valve or line as required by § 60.5400c(e).
(5) You must conduct monitoring for each pump in light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(b).
(6) You must conduct monitoring for each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service as required by § 60.5401c(c).
(7) You must comply with the equipment requirements for each open-ended valve or line as required by § 60.5401c(d).
(8) You must conduct monitoring for each valve in gas/vapor or light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(f).
(9) You must conduct monitoring for each pump, valve, and connector in heavy liquid service and each pressure relief device in light liquid or heavy liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(g).
(10) You must conduct monitoring for each connector in gas/vapor or light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(h).
(11) For each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that degasses the barrier fluid reservoir to a process or a control device, each pump which captures and transports leakage from the seal or seals to a process or a control device, or each pressure relief device which captures and transports leakage through the pressure relief device to a process or a control device, you must meet the requirements of paragraph (g)(11)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(i) Reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c or route to a process.
(ii) Install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture all emissions from each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that degasses the barrier fluid reservoir, each pump which captures and transports leakage from the seal or seals, or each pressure relief device which captures and transports leakage through the pressure relief device and route all emissions to a process or to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c.
(iii) If routing to a control device, conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or by 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e), and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(iv) Conduct the initial inspections of the closed vent system and bypasses, if applicable, as required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(v) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(vi) Maintain the records as required by § 60.5420c(c)(7) and (c)(9) through (12), as applicable and submit the reports as required by § 60.5420c(b)(10) through (12), as applicable.
(12) You must tag and repair each identified leak as required in § 60.5400c(h) or § 60.5401c(i), as applicable.
(13) You must submit the notice required by § 60.5420c(a)(2).
(14) You must submit the initial semiannual report and subsequent semiannual report as required by § 60.5422c.
(15) You must maintain the records specified by § 60.5421c.
(h) Storage vessel designated facility. To achieve initial compliance with the GHG standards for each storage vessel designated facility as required by § 60.5396c, you must comply with paragraphs (h)(1) through (9) of this section. To achieve initial compliance with the GHG standards for each storage vessel designated facility that complies by using a floating roof in accordance with § 60.5396c(b)(2), you must comply with paragraph (h)(1) and (10) of this section.
(1) You must determine the potential for methane emissions as specified in § 60.5386c(e)(2).
(2) You must reduce methane emissions by 95.0 percent or greater according to § 60.5396c(a) and as demonstrated by the requirements of § 60.5413c or route to a process.
(3) If you use a control device to reduce emissions, you must equip each storage vessel in the storage vessel designated facility with a cover that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(b), install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture all emissions from the storage vessel designated facility, and route all emissions to a control device that meets the conditions specified in § 60.5412c. If you route emissions to a process, you must equip each storage vessel in the storage vessel affected facility with a cover that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(b), install a closed vent system that meets the requirements of § 60.5411c(a) and (c) to capture all emissions from the storage vessel affected facility, and route all emissions to a process.
(4) If you use a control device to reduce emissions, you must conduct an initial performance test as required in § 60.5413c within 180 days after initial startup, or within 180 days 36 months after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), whichever date is later, or install a control device tested under § 60.5413c(d) which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and (e), and you must comply with the continuous compliance requirements of § 60.5415c(e).
(5) You must conduct the initial inspections of the closed vent system and bypasses, if applicable, as required in § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(6) You must install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) through (i), as applicable.
(7) You must maintain the records as required by § 60.5420c(c)(7) through (12), as applicable and submit the reports as required by § 60.5420c(b)(10) through (12), as applicable.
(8) You must submit the initial annual report for your storage vessel designated facility required by § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (7).
(9) You must maintain the records required for your storage vessel designated facility, as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(6) for each storage vessel designated facility.
(10) For each storage vessel designated facility that complies by using a floating roof, you must meet the requirements of § 60.112b(a)(1) or (2) and the relevant monitoring, inspection, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in subpart Kb of this part. You must submit a statement that you are complying with § 60.112b(d)(a)(1) or (2) in accordance with § 60.5396c(b)(2) with the initial annual report specified in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (7).
(i) Fugitive emission components designated facility. To achieve initial compliance with the GHG standards for fugitive emissions components designated facilities as required by § 60.5397c, you must comply with paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) You must develop a fugitive emissions monitoring plan as required in § 60.5397c(b), (c), and (d).
(2) You must conduct an initial monitoring survey as required in § 60.5397c(e) and (f).
(3) You must repair each identified source of fugitive emissions for each designated facility as required in § 60.5397c(h).
(4) You must submit the initial annual report for each fugitive emissions components designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (8).
(5) You must maintain the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(13).
§ 60.5411c   What additional requirements must I meet to determine initial compliance for my covers and closed vent systems?
For each cover or closed vent system at your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, process controller, pump, storage vessel, and process unit equipment designated facilities, you must comply with the applicable requirements of paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Closed vent system requirements. (1) Reciprocating compressor rod packing, process controllers, and pumps. You must design the closed vent system to capture and route all gases, vapors, and fumes to a process.
(2) Associated gas wells, gas wells where liquids are being unloaded, centrifugal compressors, reciprocating compressor rod packing, process controllers in Alaska, pumps, storage vessels, and process unit equipment. You must design the closed vent system to capture and route all gases, vapors, and fumes to a process or a control device that meets the requirements specified in § 60.5412c(a) through (d) of this section. For pumps complying with § 60.5395c(b)(3), you must design the closed vent system to capture and route all gases, vapors, and fumes to a control device that meets the requirements specified in § 60.5412c(a) through (d) of this section.
(3) You must design and operate the closed vent system with no identifiable emissions as demonstrated by § 60.5416c(a) and (b).
(4) For bypass devices, you must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section if the closed vent system contains one or more bypass devices that could be used to divert all or a portion of the gases, vapors, or fumes from entering the control device or being routed to a process.
(i) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section, you must comply with either paragraph (a)(4)(i)(A) or (B) of this section for each bypass device.
(A) You must properly install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a flow indicator at the inlet to the bypass device. The flow indicator must be capable of taking periodic readings as specified in § 60.5416c(a)(4)(i) and sound an alarm, or initiate notification via remote alarm to the nearest field office, when the bypass device is open such that the stream is being, or could be, diverted away from the control device or process, and sent to the atmosphere. You must maintain records of each time the alarm is activated according to § 60.5420c(c)(9).
(B) You must secure the bypass device valve installed at the inlet to the bypass device in the non-diverting position using a car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration.
(ii) Low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, open-ended valves or lines, and safety devices are not subject to the requirements of paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section.
(b) Cover requirements for storage vessels, centrifugal compressors, and reciprocating compressors. (1) The cover and all openings on the cover ( e.g., access hatches, sampling ports, pressure relief devices and gauge wells) shall form a continuous impermeable barrier over the entire surface area of the liquid in the storage vessel or centrifugal compressor wet seal fluid degassing system, or reciprocating compressor rod packing emissions collection system.
(2) Each cover opening shall be secured in a closed, sealed position ( e.g., covered by a gasketed lid or cap) whenever material is in the unit on which the cover is installed except during those times when it is necessary to use an opening as follows:
(i) To add material to, or remove material from the unit (this includes openings necessary to equalize or balance the internal pressure of the unit following changes in the level of the material in the unit);
(ii) To inspect or sample the material in the unit;
(iii) To inspect, maintain, repair, or replace equipment located inside the unit; or
(iv) To vent liquids, gases, or fumes from the unit through a closed vent system designed and operated in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section to a control device or to a process.
(3) Each storage vessel thief hatch shall be equipped, maintained, and operated with a weighted mechanism or equivalent, to ensure that the lid remains properly seated and sealed under normal operating conditions, including such times when working, standing/breathing, and flash emissions may be generated. You must select gasket material for the hatch based on composition of the fluid in the storage vessel and weather conditions.
(4) You must design and operate the cover with no identifiable emissions as demonstrated by § 60.5416c(a) and (b), except when operated as provided in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(c) Design requirements. (1) You must conduct an assessment that the closed vent system is of sufficient design and capacity to ensure that all gases, vapors, and fumes from the designated facility are routed to the control device or process and that the control device or process is of sufficient design and capacity to accommodate all emissions from the designated facility. The assessment must be certified by a qualified professional engineer or an in-house engineer with expertise on the design and operation of the closed vent system in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) You must provide the following certification, signed and dated by a qualified professional engineer or an in-house engineer: “I certify that the closed vent system design and capacity assessment was prepared under my direction or supervision. I further certify that the closed vent system design and capacity assessment was conducted, and this report was prepared pursuant to the requirements of subpart OOOOc of this part. Based on my professional knowledge and experience, and inquiry of personnel involved in the assessment, the certification submitted herein is true, accurate, and complete.”
(ii) The assessment shall be prepared under the direction or supervision of a qualified professional engineer or an in-house engineer who signs the certification in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section.
§ 60.5412c   What additional requirements must I meet for determining initial compliance of my control devices?
You must meet the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section for each control device used to comply with the emissions standards for your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, storage vessel, process controller, pump, or process unit equipment designated facility. If you use a carbon adsorption system as a control device to meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you also must meet the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section.
(a) Each control device used to meet the emissions reduction standard in § 60.5390c(g) for your well designated facility gas well that unloads liquids; § 60.5391c(b) or (c) for your well designated facility with associated gas; § 60.5392c(a)(4) for your centrifugal compressor designated facility; § 60.5393c(d)(2) for your reciprocating compressor designated facility; § 60.5396c(a)(2) for your storage vessel designated facility; § 60.5394c(b)(3) for your process controller designated facility in Alaska; § 60.5395c(b)(3) for your pumps designated facility; or either § 60.5400c(f) or § 60.5401c(e) for your process equipment designated facility must be installed according to paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section. As an alternative to paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section, you may install a control device model tested under § 60.5413c(d), which meets the criteria in § 60.5413c(d)(11) and which meets the initial and continuous compliance requirements in § 60.5413c(e).
(1) Each enclosed combustion device ( e.g., thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) must be designed and operated in accordance with paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, meet one of the operating limits specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) through (v) of this section, and except for boilers and process heaters meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section and catalytic vapor incinerators meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(1)(v) of this section, meet the operating limits specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(vi) through (ix) of this section. Alternatively, the enclosed combustion device must meet the requirements specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(i) You must reduce the mass content of methane in the gases vented to the device by 95.0 percent by weight or greater or reduce the concentration of total organic compounds (TOC) in the exhaust gases at the outlet to the device to a level equal to or less than 275 ppmv as propane on a wet basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen as determined in accordance with the requirements of § 60.5413c(b), with the exceptions noted in § 60.5413c(a).
(ii) For an enclosed combustion device for which you demonstrate during the performance test conducted under § 60.5413c(b) that combustion zone temperature is an indicator of destruction efficiency, you must operate at or above the minimum temperature established during the most recent performance test. During the performance test conducted under § 60.5413c(b), you must continuously record the temperature of the combustion zone and average the temperature for each test run. The established minimum temperature limit is the average of the test run averages.
(iii) For an enclosed combustion device which is a boiler or process heater, you must introduce the vent stream into the flame zone of the boiler or process heater and introduce the vent stream with the primary fuel or use the vent stream as the primary fuel.
(iv) For an enclosed combustion device other than those meeting the operating limits in paragraphs (a)(1)(ii), (iii), and (v) of this section, if the enclosed combustion device is unassisted or pressure-assisted, you must maintain the net heating value (NHV) of the gas sent to the enclosed combustion device at or above the applicable limits specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(iv)(A) and (B) of this section. If the enclosed combustion device is steam-assisted or air-assisted, you must meet the applicable limits specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(iv)(C) and (D) of this section, as appropriate.
(A) For enclosed combustion devices that do not use assist gas or pressure-assisted burner tips to promote mixing at the burner tip, 200 British thermal units (Btu) per standard cubic feet (Btu/scf).
(B) For enclosed combustion devices that use pressure-assisted burner tips to promote mixing at the burner tip, 800 Btu/scf.
(C) For steam-assisted and air-assisted enclosed combustion devices, maintain the combustion zone NHV (NHV cz ) at or above 270 Btu/scf.
(D) For enclosed combustion devices with perimeter assist air, maintain the NHV dilution parameter (NHV dil ) at or above 22 British thermal units per square foot (Btu/sqft). If the only assist air provided to the enclosed combustion control device is perimeter assist air intentionally entrained in lower and/or upper steam at the burner tip and the effective diameter is 9 inches or greater, you are only required to comply with the NHV cz limit specified in paragraph (a)(1)(iv)(C) of this section.
(v) For an enclosed combustion device which is a catalytic vapor incinerator, you must operate the catalytic vapor incinerator at or above the minimum temperature of the catalyst bed inlet and at or above the minimum temperature differential between the catalyst bed inlet and the catalyst bed outlet established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f) and as determined in your performance test conducted in accordance with § 60.5413c(b).
(vi) Unless you have an enclosed combustion device with pressure-assisted burner tips to promote mixing at the burner tip, you must operate each enclosed combustion control device at or below the maximum inlet gas flow rate established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f) and as determined in your performance test conducted in accordance with § 60.5413c(b).
(vii) You must operate the combustion control device at or above the minimum inlet gas flow rate established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f).
(viii) You must install and operate a continuous burning pilot or combustion flame. An alert must be sent to the nearest control room whenever the pilot or combustion flame is unlit.
(ix) You must operate the enclosed combustion device with no visible emissions, except for periods not to exceed a total of 1 minute during any 15-minute period. A visible emissions test using section 11 of Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part must be performed at least once every calendar month, separated by at least 15 days between each test. The observation period shall be 15 minutes or once the amount of time visible emissions is present has exceeded 1 minute, whichever time period is less. Alternatively, you may conduct visible emissions monitoring according to § 60.5417c(h). Devices failing the visible emissions test must follow manufacturer's repair instructions, if available, or best combustion engineering practice as outlined in the unit inspection and maintenance plan, to return the unit to compliant operation. All inspection, repair, and maintenance activities for each unit must be recorded in a maintenance and repair log and must be available for inspection. Following return to operation from maintenance or repair activity, each device must pass a Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part visual observation as described in this paragraph or be monitored according to § 60.5417c(h).
(2) Each vapor recovery device ( e.g., carbon adsorption system or condenser) or other non-destructive control device must be designed and operated to reduce the mass content of methane in the gases vented to the device by 95.0 percent by weight or greater as determined in accordance with the requirements of § 60.5413c(b). As an alternative to the performance testing requirements of § 60.5413c(b), you may demonstrate initial compliance by conducting a design analysis for vapor recovery devices according to the requirements of § 60.5413c(c). For a condenser, you also must calculate the daily average condenser outlet temperature in accordance with § 60.5417c(e), and you must determine the condenser efficiency for the current operating day using the daily average condenser outlet temperature and the condenser performance curve established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f)(2). You must determine the average TOC emission reduction in accordance with § 60.5415c(e)(1)(ix)(D). For a carbon adsorption system, you also must comply with paragraph (c) of this section.
(3) Each flare must be designed and operated according to the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (viii) of this section, as applicable. Alternatively, flares must meet the requirements specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(i) For unassisted flares, you must maintain the NHV of the vent gas sent to the flare at or above 200 Btu/scf.
(ii) For flares that use pressure-assisted burner tips to promote mixing at the burner tip, you must maintain the NHV of the vent gas sent to the flare at or above 800 Btu/scf.
(iii) For steam-assisted and air-assisted flares, you must maintain the NHV cz at or above 270 Btu/scf.
(iv) For flares with perimeter assist air, you must maintain the NHV dil at or above 22 Btu/sqft. If the only assist air provided to the flare is perimeter assist air intentionally entrained in lower and/or upper steam at the flare tip and the effective diameter is 9 inches or greater, you are not required to comply with the NHV dil limit.
(v) For flares other than pressure-assisted flares, you must determine the maximum flow rate of vent gas to the control system based on the design considerations of the designated facilities to demonstrate compliance with the flare tip velocity limits in § 60.18(b) according to § 60.5417c(d)(8)(iv). The maximum flare tip velocity limits do not apply for pressure-assisted flares.
(vi) You must operate the flare at or above the minimum inlet gas flow rate. The minimum inlet gas flow rate is established based on manufacturer recommendations.
(vii) You must operate the flare with no visible emissions, except for periods not to exceed a total of 1 minute during any 15-minute period. You must conduct the compliance determination with the visible emission limits using Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part, or you must monitor the flare according to § 60.5417c(h).
(viii) You must install and operate a continuous burning pilot or combustion flame. An alert must be sent to the nearest control room whenever the pilot flame is unlit.
(b) You must operate each control device installed on your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, storage vessel, process controller, pump, or process unit equipment designated facility in accordance with the requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) You must operate each control device used to comply with this subpart at all times when gases, vapors, and fumes are vented from the designated facility through the closed vent system to the control device. You may vent more than one designated facility to a control device used to comply with this subpart.
(2) For each control device monitored in accordance with the requirements of § 60.5417c(a) through (i), you must demonstrate compliance according to the requirements of § 60.5415c(e), as applicable.
(c) For each carbon adsorption system used as a control device to meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you must comply with the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section. If the carbon adsorption system is a regenerative-type carbon adsorption system, you also must comply with the requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
(1) You must manage the carbon in accordance with the requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) Following the initial startup of the control device, you must replace all carbon in the carbon adsorption system with fresh carbon on a regular, predetermined time interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established according to § 60.5413c(c)(2) or (3). You must maintain records identifying the schedule for replacement and records of each carbon replacement as required in § 60.5420c(c)(10).
(ii) You must either regenerate, reactivate, or burn the spent carbon removed from the carbon adsorption system in one of the units specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(A) through (F) of this section.
(A) Regenerate or reactivate the spent carbon in a unit for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 that implements the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart X.
(B) Regenerate or reactivate the spent carbon in a unit equipped with an operating organic air emissions control in accordance with an emissions standard for VOC under another subpart in 40 CFR part 63 or this part.
(C) Burn the spent carbon in a hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE, and has submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j).
(D) Burn the spent carbon in a hazardous waste boiler or industrial furnace for which the owner or operator complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE, and has submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j).
(E) Burn the spent carbon in an industrial furnace for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 that implements the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.
(F) Burn the spent carbon in an industrial furnace that you have designed and operated in accordance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.
(2) You must comply with the requirements of paragraph (c)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section for each regenerative-type carbon adsorption system.
(i) You must measure and record the average total regeneration stream mass flow or volumetric flow during each carbon bed regeneration cycle to demonstrate compliance with the total regeneration stream flow established in accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2).
(ii) You must check the mechanical connections for leakage at least every month, and you must perform a visual inspection at least every 3 months of all components of the flow continuous parameter monitoring system for physical and operational integrity and all electrical connections for oxidation and galvanic corrosion, if your continuous parameter monitoring system is not equipped with a redundant flow sensor.
(iii) You must measure and record the average carbon bed temperature for the duration of the carbon bed steaming cycle and measure the actual carbon bed temperature after regeneration and within 15 minutes of completing the cooling cycle. You must maintain the average carbon bed temperature above the temperature limit in established accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2) during the carbon bed steaming cycle and below the carbon bed temperature established in in accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2) after the regeneration cycle.
(d) To demonstrate that a flare or enclosed combustion device reduces methane in the gases vented to the device by 95.0 percent by weight or greater, as outlined in § 60.8(b), you may submit a request for an alternative test method. At a minimum, the request must follow the requirements outlined in paragraphs (d)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The alternative method must be capable of demonstrating continuous compliance with a combustion efficiency of 95.0 percent or greater or it must be capable of demonstrating continuous compliance with the following metrics:
(i) NHV cz of 270 Btu/scf or greater.
(ii) NHV dil of 22 Btu/sqft or greater, if the alternative test method will be used for enclosed combustion devices or flares with perimeter assist air.
(2) The alternative method must be validated according to Method 301 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 63 for each type of control device covered by the alternative test method ( e.g., air-assisted flare, unassisted enclosed combustion device) or the alternative test method must contain performance-based procedures and indicators to ensure self-validation.
(3) At a minimum the alternative test method must provide a reading for each successive 15-minute period.
(4) The alternative test method must be capable of documenting periods when the enclosed combustion device or flare operates with visible emissions. If the alternative test method cannot identify periods of visible emissions, you must conduct the inspections required by § 60.5417c(d)(8)(v).
(5) If the alternative test method demonstrates compliance with the metrics specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section instead of demonstrating continuous compliance with 95.0 percent or greater combustion efficiency, you must still install the pilot or combustion flame monitoring system required by § 60.5417c(d)(8)(i). If the alternative test method demonstrates continuous compliance with a combustion efficiency of 95.0 percent or greater, the requirement in § 60.5417c(d)(8)(i) no longer applies.
§ 60.5413c   What are the performance testing procedures for control devices?
This section applies to the performance testing of control devices used to demonstrate compliance with the emissions standards for your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, storage vessel, process controller, pump, or process unit equipment designated facilities. You must demonstrate that a control device achieves the performance requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(1) or (2) using the performance test methods and procedures specified in this section. For condensers and carbon adsorbers, you may use a design analysis as specified in paragraph (c) of this section in lieu of complying with paragraph (b) of this section. In addition, this section contains the requirements for enclosed combustion device performance tests conducted by the manufacturer applicable to well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, storage vessel, process controller, pump, or process unit equipment designated facilities.
(a) Performance test exemptions. You are exempt from the requirements to conduct initial and periodic performance tests and design analyses if you use any of the control devices described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section. You are exempt from the requirements to conduct an initial performance test if you use a control device described in paragraph (a)(7) of this section.
(1) A flare that is designed and operated in accordance with the requirements in § 60.5412c(a)(3). You must conduct the compliance determination using Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part to determine visible emissions or monitor the flare according to § 60.5417c(h). The net heating value of the vent gas must be determined according to § 60.5417c(d)(8)(ii).
(2) A boiler or process heater with a design heat input capacity of 44 megawatts or greater.
(3) A boiler or process heater into which the vent stream is introduced with the primary fuel or is used as the primary fuel.
(4) A boiler or process heater burning hazardous waste for which you have been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H; you have certified compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H; you have submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j) and comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE; or you comply with 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE, and will submit a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j) by the date specified in § 60.5420c(b)(11) for submitting the initial performance test report.
(5) A hazardous waste incinerator for which you have submitted a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j), or for which you will submit a Notification of Compliance under 40 CFR 63.1207(j) by the date specified in § 60.5420c(b)(11) for submitting the initial performance test report, and you comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart EEE.
(6) A control device for which performance test is waived in accordance with § 60.8(b).
(7) A control device whose model can be demonstrated to meet the performance requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(1)(i) through a performance test conducted by the manufacturer, as specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(b) Test methods and procedures. You must use the test methods and procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section, as applicable, for each performance test conducted to demonstrate that a control device meets the requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(1) or (2). You must conduct the initial and periodic performance tests according to the schedule specified in paragraph (b)(5) of this section. Each performance test must consist of a minimum of 3 test runs. Each run must be at least 1 hour long.
(1) You must use Method 1 or 1A of appendix A-1 to this part, as appropriate, to select the sampling sites. Any references to particulate mentioned in Methods 1 and 1A do not apply to this section.
(i) Sampling sites must be located at the inlet of the first control device and at the outlet of the final control device to determine compliance with a control device percent reduction requirement.
(ii) The sampling site must be located at the outlet of the combustion device to determine compliance with a TOC exhaust gas concentration limit.
(2) You must determine the gas volumetric flow rate using Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of appendix A-2 of this part, as appropriate.
(3) To determine compliance with the control device percent reduction performance requirement in § 60.5412c(a)(1)(i) or (a)(2), you must use Method 18 of appendix A-6 to this part, Method 320 of appendix A to 40 CFR part 63, or ASTM D6348-12e1(incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) to measure methane or Method 25A of appendix A-7 to this part to measure TOC, as propane. You must use Method 4 of appendix A-3 to this part to convert the Method 25A results to a dry basis. You must use the procedures in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section to calculate percent reduction efficiency.
(i) You must compute the mass rate of methane or TOC using the following equations:
(ii) You must calculate the percent reduction in TOC as follows:
(iii) If the vent stream entering a boiler or process heater with a design capacity less than 44 megawatts is introduced with the combustion air or as a secondary fuel, you must determine the weight-percent reduction of methane across the device by comparing the methane in all combusted vent streams and primary and secondary fuels with the methane exiting the device, respectively.
(4) You must use Method 25A of appendix A-7 to this part to measure TOC, as propane, to determine compliance with the TOC exhaust gas concentration limit specified in § 60.5412c(a)(1)(i). You must determine the concentration in parts per million by volume on a wet basis and correct it to 3 percent oxygen. You must use the emission rate correction factor for excess air, integrated sampling and analysis procedures of Method 3A or 3B of appendix A-2 to this part, ASTM D6522-20, or ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Part 10 (manual portion only) (both incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) to determine the oxygen concentration. The samples must be taken during the same time that the samples are taken for determining TOC concentration. You must correct the TOC concentration for percent oxygen as follows:
(5) You must conduct performance tests according to the schedule specified in paragraphs (b)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You must conduct an initial performance test within 180 days after initial startup for your designated facility. You must submit the performance test results as required in § 60.5420c(b)(11).
(ii) You must conduct periodic performance tests for all control devices required to conduct initial performance tests. You must conduct the first periodic performance test no later than 60 months after the initial performance test required in paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this section. You must conduct subsequent periodic performance tests at intervals no longer than 60 months following the previous periodic performance test or whenever you desire to establish a new operating limit. If a control device is not operational at the time a performance test is due, you must conduct the performance test no later than 30 calendar days after returning the control device to service. You must submit the periodic performance test results as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(11).
(iii) If the initial performance test was conducted by the manufacturer under paragraph (d) of this section, you must conduct the first periodic performance test no later than 60 months after initial installation and startup of the control device. You must conduct subsequent periodic performance tests at intervals no longer than 60 months following the previous periodic performance test. If a control device is not operational at the time a performance test is due, you must conduct the performance test no later than 30 calendar days after returning the control device to service. You must submit the periodic performance test results as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(11).
(c) Control device design analysis to meet the requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(2). (1) For a condenser, the design analysis must include an analysis of the vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature and must establish the design outlet organic compound concentration level, design average temperature of the condenser exhaust vent stream and the design average temperatures of the coolant fluid at the condenser inlet and outlet.
(2) For a regenerable carbon adsorption system, the design analysis shall include the vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity and temperature and shall establish the design exhaust vent stream organic compound concentration level, adsorption cycle time, number and capacity of carbon beds, type and working capacity of activated carbon used for the carbon beds, design total regeneration stream flow over the period of each complete carbon bed regeneration cycle, design carbon bed temperature after regeneration, design carbon bed regeneration time and design service life of the carbon.
(3) For a nonregenerable carbon adsorption system, such as a carbon canister, the design analysis shall include the vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, flow rate, relative humidity and temperature and shall establish the design exhaust vent stream organic compound concentration level, capacity of the carbon bed, type and working capacity of activated carbon used for the carbon bed and design carbon replacement interval based on the total carbon working capacity of the control device and source operating schedule. In addition, these systems shall incorporate dual carbon canisters in case of emission breakthrough occurring in one canister.
(4) If you and the Administrator do not agree on a demonstration of control device performance using a design analysis, then you must perform a performance test in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section to resolve the disagreement. The Administrator may choose to have an authorized representative observe the performance test.
(d) Performance testing for combustion control devices—manufacturers' performance test. (1) This paragraph (d) applies to the performance testing of a combustion control device conducted by the device manufacturer. The manufacturer must demonstrate that a specific model of control device achieves the performance requirements in paragraph (d)(11) of this section by conducting a performance test as specified in paragraphs (d)(2) through (10) of this section. You must submit a test report for each combustion control device in accordance with the requirements in paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(2) Performance testing must consist of three 1-hour (or longer) test runs for each of the four firing rate settings specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section, making a total of 12 test runs per test. Propene (propylene) gas must be used for the testing fuel. All fuel analyses must be performed by an independent third-party laboratory (not affiliated with the control device manufacturer or fuel supplier).
(i) 90-100 percent of maximum design rate (fixed rate).
(ii) 70-100-70 percent (ramp up, ramp down). Begin the test at 70 percent of the maximum design rate. During the first 5 minutes, incrementally ramp the firing rate to 100 percent of the maximum design rate. Hold at 100 percent for 5 minutes. In the 10 to 15-minute time range, incrementally ramp back down to 70 percent of the maximum design rate. Repeat three more times for a total of 60 minutes of sampling.
(iii) 30-70-30 percent (ramp up, ramp down). Begin the test at 30 percent of the maximum design rate. During the first 5 minutes, incrementally ramp the firing rate to 70 percent of the maximum design rate. Hold at 70 percent for 5 minutes. In the 10 to 15-minute time range, incrementally ramp back down to 30 percent of the maximum design rate. Repeat three more times for a total of 60 minutes of sampling.
(iv) 0-30-0 percent (ramp up, ramp down). Begin the test at the minimum firing rate. During the first 5 minutes, incrementally ramp the firing rate to 30 percent of the maximum design rate. Hold at 30 percent for 5 minutes. In the 10 to 15-minute time range, incrementally ramp back down to the minimum firing rate. Repeat three more times for a total of 60 minutes of sampling.
(3) All models employing multiple enclosures must be tested simultaneously and with all burners operational. Results must be reported for each enclosure individually and for the average of the emissions from all interconnected combustion enclosures/chambers. Control device operating data must be collected continuously throughout the performance test using an electronic Data Acquisition System. A graphic presentation or strip chart of the control device operating data and emissions test data must be included in the test report in accordance with paragraph (d)(12) of this section. Inlet fuel meter data may be manually recorded provided that all inlet fuel data readings are included in the final report.
(4) Inlet testing must be conducted as specified in paragraphs (d)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) The inlet gas flow metering system must be located in accordance with Method 2A of appendix A-1 to this part (or other approved procedure) to measure inlet gas flow rate at the control device inlet location. You must position the fitting for filling fuel sample containers a minimum of eight pipe diameters upstream of any inlet gas flow monitoring meter.
(ii) Inlet flow rate must be determined using Method 2A of appendix A-1 to this part. Record the start and stop reading for each 60-minute THC test. Record the gas pressure and temperature at 5-minute intervals throughout each 60-minute test.
(5) Inlet gas sampling must be conducted as specified in paragraphs (d)(5)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) At the inlet gas sampling location, securely connect a fused silica-coated stainless steel evacuated canister fitted with a flow controller sufficient to fill the canister over a 3-hour period. Filling must be conducted as specified in paragraphs (d)(5)(i)(A) through (C) of this section.
(A) Open the canister sampling valve at the beginning of each test run and close the canister at the end of each test run.
(B) Fill one canister across the three test runs such that one composite fuel sample exists for each test condition.
(C) Label the canisters individually and record sample information on a chain of custody form.
(ii) Analyze each inlet gas sample using the methods in paragraphs (d)(5)(ii)(A) through (C) of this section. You must include the results in the test report required by paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(A) Hydrocarbon compounds containing between one and five atoms of carbon plus benzene using ASTM D1945-03(R2010) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(B) Hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ) using ASTM D1945-03(R2010) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(C) Higher heating value using ASTM D3588-98(R2003) or ASTM D4891-89(R2006) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(6) Outlet testing must be conducted in accordance with the criteria in paragraphs (d)(6)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) Sample and flow rate must be measured in accordance with paragraphs (d)(6)(i)(A) and (B) of this section.
(A) The outlet sampling location must be a minimum of four equivalent stack diameters downstream from the highest peak flame or any other flow disturbance, and a minimum of one equivalent stack diameter upstream of the exit or any other flow disturbance. A minimum of two sample ports must be used.
(B) Flow rate must be measured using Method 1 of appendix A-1 to this part for determining flow measurement traverse point location, and Method 2 of appendix A-1 to this part for measuring duct velocity. If low flow conditions are encountered ( i.e., velocity pressure differentials less than 0.05 inches of water) during the performance test, a more sensitive manometer must be used to obtain an accurate flow profile.
(ii) Molecular weight and excess air must be determined as specified in paragraph (d)(7) of this section.
(iii) Carbon monoxide must be determined as specified in paragraph (d)(8) of this section.
(iv) THC must be determined as specified in paragraph (d)(9) of this section.
(v) Visible emissions must be determined as specified in paragraph (d)(10) of this section.
(7) Molecular weight and excess air determination must be performed as specified in paragraphs (d)(7)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) An integrated bag sample must be collected during the moisture test required by Method 4 of appendix A-3 to this part following the procedure specified in (d)(7)(i)(A) and (B) of this section. Analyze the bag sample using a gas chromatograph-thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) analysis meeting the criteria in paragraphs (d)(7)(i)(C) and (D) of this section.
(A) Collect the integrated sample throughout the entire test and collect representative volumes from each traverse location.
(B) Purge the sampling line with stack gas before opening the valve and beginning to fill the bag. Clearly label each bag and record sample information on a chain of custody form.
(C) The bag contents must be vigorously mixed prior to the gas chromatograph analysis.
(D) The GC-TCD calibration procedure in Method 3C of appendix A-2 to this part must be modified as follows: For the initial calibration, triplicate injections of any single concentration must agree within 5 percent of their mean to be valid. The calibration response factor for a single concentration re-check must be within 10 percent of the original calibration response factor for that concentration. If this criterion is not met, repeat the initial calibration using at least three concentration levels.
(ii) Calculate and report the molecular weight of oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen in the integrated bag sample and include in the test report specified in paragraph (d)(12) of this section. Moisture must be determined using Method 4 of appendix A-3 to this part. Traverse both ports with the sampling train required by Method 4 of appendix A-3 to this part during each test run. Ambient air must not be introduced into the integrated bag sample required by Method 3C of appendix A-2 to this part during the port change.
(iii) Excess air must be determined using resultant data from the Method 3C tests and Method 3B of appendix A-2 to this part, equation 3B-1, or ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981, Part 10 (manual portion only) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(8) Carbon monoxide must be determined using Method 10 of appendix A-4 of this part. Run the test simultaneously with Method 25A of appendix A-7 to this part using the same sampling points. An instrument range of 0-10 parts per million by volume-dry (ppmvd) is recommended.
(9) Total hydrocarbon determination must be performed as specified by in paragraphs (d)(9)(i) through (vii) of this section.
(i) Conduct THC sampling using Method 25A of appendix A-7 to this part, except that the option for locating the probe in the center 10 percent of the stack is not allowed. The THC probe must be traversed to 16.7 percent, 50 percent, and 83.3 percent of the stack diameter during each test run.
(ii) A valid test must consist of three Method 25A tests, each no less than 60 minutes in duration.
(iii) A 0 to 10 parts per million by volume-wet (ppmvw) (as propane) measurement range is preferred; as an alternative a 0 to 30 ppmvw (as propane) measurement range may be used.
(iv) Calibration gases must be propane in air and be certified through EPA-600/R-12/531—“EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards,” (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).
(v) THC measurements must be reported in terms of ppmvw as propane.
(vi) THC results must be corrected to 3 percent CO 2 , as measured by Method 3C of appendix A-2 to this part. You must use the following equation for this diluent concentration correction:
(vii) Subtraction of methane or ethane from the THC data is not allowed in determining results.
(10) Visible emissions must be determined using Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part. The test must be performed continuously during each test run. A digital color photograph of the exhaust point, taken from the position of the observer and annotated with date and time, must be taken once per test run and the 12 photos included in the test report specified in paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(11) For performance test criteria:
(i) The control device model tested must meet the criteria in paragraphs (d)(11)(i)(A) through (D) of this section. These criteria must be reported in the test report required by paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(A) Results from Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part determined under paragraph (d)(10) of this section with no indication of visible emissions.
(B) Average results from Method 25A of appendix A-7 to this part determined under paragraph (d)(9) of this section equal to or less than 10.0 ppmvw THC as propane corrected to 3.0 percent CO 2 .
(C) Average CO emissions determined under paragraph (d)(8) of this section equal to or less than 10 parts ppmvd, corrected to 3.0 percent CO 2 .
(D) Excess air determined under paragraph (d)(7) of this section equal to or greater than 150 percent.
(ii) The manufacturer must determine a minimum inlet gas flow rate above which each control device model must be operated to achieve the criteria in paragraph (d)(11)(iii) of this section. The manufacturer must determine a maximum inlet gas flow rate which must not be exceeded for each control device model to achieve the criteria in paragraph (d)(11)(iii) of this section. The minimum and maximum inlet gas flow rate must be included in the test report required by paragraph (d)(12) of this section.
(iii) A manufacturer must demonstrate a destruction efficiency of at least 95.0 percent for THC, as propane. A control device model that demonstrates a destruction efficiency of 95.0 percent for THC, as propane, will meet the control requirement for 95.0 percent destruction of methane required under this subpart.
(12) The owner or operator of a combustion control device model tested under this paragraph (d)(12) must submit the information listed in paragraphs (d)(12)(i) through (vi) of this section for each test run in the test report required by this section in accordance with § 60.5420c(b)(12). Owners or operators who claim that any of the performance test information being submitted is confidential business information (CBI) must submit a complete file including information claimed to be CBI to the OAQPS CBI office. The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address oaqpscbi@epa.gov and should include clear CBI markings and be flagged to the attention of the Leader, Measurement Policy Group. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email oaqpscbi@epa.gov to request a file transfer link. If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: U.S. EPA, Attn: OAQPS Document Control Officer and Measurement Policy Group Leader, Mail Drop: C404-02, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, RTP, North Carolina 27711. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to Oil_and_Gas_PT@EPA.GOV.
(i) A full schematic of the control device and dimensions of the device components.
(ii) The maximum net heating value of the device.
(iii) The test fuel gas flow range (in both mass and volume). Include the minimum and maximum allowable inlet gas flow rate.
(iv) The air/stream injection/assist ranges, if used.
(v) The test conditions listed in paragraphs (d)(12)(v)(A) through (O) of this section, as applicable for the tested model.
(A) Fuel gas delivery pressure and temperature.
(B) Fuel gas moisture range.
(C) Purge gas usage range.
(D) Condensate (liquid fuel) separation range.
(E) Combustion zone temperature range. This is required for all devices that measure this parameter.
(F) Excess air range.
(G) Flame arrestor(s).
(H) Burner manifold.
(I) Continuous pilot flame indicator.
(J) Pilot flame design fuel and calculated or measured fuel usage.
(K) Tip velocity range.
(L) Momentum flux ratio.
(M) Exit temperature range.
(N) Exit flow rate.
(O) Wind velocity and direction.
(vi) The test report must include all calibration quality assurance/quality control data, calibration gas values, gas cylinder certification, strip charts, or other graphic presentations of the data annotated with test times and calibration values.
(e) Initial and continuous compliance for combustion control devices tested by the manufacturer in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section. This paragraph (e) applies to the demonstration of compliance for a combustion control device tested under the provisions in paragraph (d) of this section. Owners or operators must demonstrate that a control device achieves the performance criteria in paragraph (d)(11) of this section by installing a device tested under paragraph (d) of this section, complying with the criteria specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (10) of this section, maintaining the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(10) and submitting the report specified in § 60.5420c(b)(10)(v) and (b)(12).
(1) The inlet gas flow rate must be equal to or greater than the minimum inlet gas flow rate and equal to or less than the maximum inlet gas flow rate specified by the manufacturer.
(2) A pilot or combustion flame must be present at all times of operation. An alert must be sent to the nearest control room whenever the pilot or combustion flame is unlit.
(3) Devices must be operated with no visible emissions, except for periods not to exceed a total of 1 minute during any 15-minute period. A visible emissions test conducted according to section 11 of Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part must be performed at least once every calendar month, separated by at least 15 days between each test. The observation period shall be 15 minutes or once the amount of time visible emissions is present has exceeded 1 minute, whichever time period is less. Alternatively, you may conduct visible emissions monitoring according to § 60.5417c(h).
(4) Devices failing the visible emissions test must follow manufacturer's repair instructions, if available, or best combustion engineering practice as outlined in the unit inspection and maintenance plan, to return the unit to compliant operation. All repairs and maintenance activities for each unit must be recorded in a maintenance and repair log and must be available for inspection.
(5) Following return to operation from maintenance or repair activity, each device must pass a visual observation according to Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part as described in paragraph (e)(3) of this section or be monitored according to § 60.5417c(h).
(6) If the owner or operator operates a combustion control device model tested under this section, an electronic copy of the performance test results required by this section shall be submitted via email to Oil_and_Gas_PT@EPA.GOV unless the test results for that model of combustion control device are posted at the following website: https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas-industry.
(7) Ensure that each enclosed combustion device is maintained in a leak free condition.
(8) Operate each control device following the manufacturer's written operating instructions, procedures, and maintenance schedule to ensure good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions.
(9) Install and operate the continuous parameter monitoring systems in accordance with § 60.5417c(a) and (c) through (i).
(10) Comply with the applicable NHV limit specified in § 60.5412c(a)(1)(iv).
§ 60.5415c   How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the standards for each of my designated facilities?
(a) Gas well liquids unloading standards for well designated facility. For each well liquids unloading operation at your well designated facility, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the requirements of § 60.5390c by submitting the annual report information specified in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (2) and maintaining the records for each well liquids unloading event that vents to the atmosphere as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(1). For each gas well liquids unloading well designated facility that complies with the requirements of § 60.5390c(g), you must route emissions to a control device through a closed vent system and continuously comply with the closed vent requirements of § 60.5416c. You also must comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (e) of this section and maintain the reports in § 60.5420c(b)(10)(i) through (iv) and maintain the records in § 60.5420c(c)(7), (9), and (11).
(b) Associated gas well standards for well designated facility. For each associated gas well at your well designated facility, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the requirements of § 60.5391c by submitting the reports required by § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (3) and maintaining the records specified in § 60.5420c(c)(2). For each associated gas well at your well designated facility that complies with the requirements of § 60.5391c(b) or (c), you must route emissions to a control device through a closed vent system and continuously comply with the closed vent requirements of § 60.5416c. You must also comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (e) of this section and maintain the records in paragraphs (c)(7), (9) and (11) of this section.
(c) Centrifugal compressor designated facility. For each centrifugal compressor designated facility complying with the volumetric flow rate measurements requirements in § 60.5392c(a)(1) and (2), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraph (c)(1) and paragraphs (c)(3) and (4) of this section. Alternatively, for each centrifugal compressor designated facility complying with § 60.5392c(a)(3) and either (a)(4) or (5) by routing emissions to a control device or to a process, you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (c)(2) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must maintain volumetric flow rate at or below the volumetric flow rates specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section for your centrifugal compressor, as applicable, and you must conduct the required volumetric flow rate measurement of your dry or wet seal in accordance with § 60.5392c(a)(1) and (2) on or before 8,760 hours of operation after your last volumetric flow rate measurement which demonstrates compliance with the applicable volumetric flow rate.
(i) For your wet seal centrifugal compressors (including self-contained wet seal centrifugal compressors), you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 3 scfm per seal (or in the case of manifolded groups of seals, 3 scfm multiplied by the number of seals).
(ii) For your Alaska North Slope centrifugal compressor equipped with sour seal oil separator and capture system, you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 9 scfm per seal (or in the case of manifolded groups of wet seals, 9 scfm multiplied by the number of seals).
(iii) For your dry seal compressor, you must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 10 scfm per seal (or in the case of manifolded groups of wet seals, 10 scfm multiplied by the number of seals).
(2) For each wet seal and dry seal centrifugal compressor designated facility complying by routing emissions to a control device or to a process, you must operate the wet seal emissions collection system and dry seal system to route emissions to a control device or a process through a closed vent system and continuously comply with the closed vent requirements of § 60.5416c. If you comply with § 60.5392c(a)(4) by using a control device, you also must comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section.
(3) You must submit the annual reports as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1), (4) and (10)(i) through (iv), as applicable.
(4) You must maintain records as required in § 60.5420c(c)(3), (7) through (9) and (11), as applicable.
(d) Pump designated facility. To demonstrate continuous compliance with the GHG standards for your pump designated facility as required by § 60.5395c, you must comply with paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) For pump designated facilities complying with the requirements of § 60.5395c(a) by routing emissions to a process and for pump designated facilities complying with the requirements of § 60.5395c(b)(2) or (3), you must continuously comply with the closed vent system requirements of § 60.5416c. If you comply with § 60.5395c(b)(3), you also must comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section.
(2) You must submit the annual reports for your pump designated facility as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (9) and (b)(10)(i) through (iv), as applicable.
(3) You must maintain the records for your pump designated facility as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(7), (9), (11), and (14), as applicable.
(e) Additional continuous compliance requirements for well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, process controllers in Alaska, storage vessel, process unit equipment, or pump designated facilities. For each associated gas well at your well designated facility, each gas well liquids unloading operation at your well designated facility, each centrifugal compressor designated facility, each reciprocating compressor designated facility, each process controller designated facility in Alaska, each storage vessel designated facility, each process unit equipment designated facility, and each pump designated facility referenced to this paragraph from paragraph (a), (b), (c)(2), (d)(1), (f)(2), (g)(2), (h)(5)(ii)(B), or (i)(12) of this section, you must also install monitoring systems as specified in § 60.5417c, demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraph (e)(1) of this section, maintain the records in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, and comply with the reporting requirements specified in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.
(1) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the control device performance requirements of § 60.5412c(a) using the procedures specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section and conducting the monitoring as required by § 60.5417c. If you use a condenser as the control device to achieve the requirements specified in § 60.5412c(a)(2), you may demonstrate compliance according to paragraph (e)(1)(ix) of this section. You may switch between compliance with paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section and compliance with paragraph (e)(1)(ix) of this section only after at least 1 year of operation in compliance with the selected approach. You must provide notification of such a change in the compliance method in the next annual report, following the change. If you use an enclosed combustion device or a flare as the control device, you must also conduct the monitoring required in paragraph (e)(1)(x) of this section. If you use an enclosed combustion device or flare using an alternative test method approved under § 60.5412c(d), you must use the procedures in paragraph (e)(1)(xi) of this section in lieu of the procedures in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section, but you must still conduct the monitoring required in paragraph (e)(1)(x) of this section.
(i) You must operate below (or above) the site-specific maximum (or minimum) parameter value established according to the requirements of § 60.5417c(f)(1). For flares, you must operate above the limits specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(B) of this section.
(ii) You must calculate the average of the applicable monitored parameter in accordance with § 60.5417c(e).
(iii) Compliance with the operating parameter limit is achieved when the average of the monitoring parameter value calculated under paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section is either equal to or greater than the minimum parameter value or equal to or less than the maximum parameter value established under paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section. When performance testing of a combustion control device is conducted by the device manufacturer as specified in § 60.5413c(d), compliance with the operating parameter limit is achieved when the criteria in § 60.5413c(e) are met.
(iv) You must operate the continuous monitoring system required in § 60.5417c(a) at all times the affected source is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, system accuracy audits and required zero and span adjustments). A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to complete monitoring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctions and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable.
(v) You may not use data recorded during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report emissions or operating levels. You must use all the data collected during all other required data collection periods to assess the operation of the control device and associated control system.
(vi) Failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements.
(vii) If you use an enclosed combustion device to meet the requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(1) and you demonstrate compliance using the test procedures specified in § 60.5413c(b), or you use a flare designed and operated in accordance with § 60.5412c(a)(3), you must comply with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(A) through (E) of this section.
(A) For each enclosed combustion device which is not a catalytic vapor incinerator and for each flare, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(A)( 1 ) through ( 4 ) of this section.
( 1 ) A pilot or combustion flame must be present at all times of operation. An alert must be sent to the nearest control room whenever the pilot or combustion flame is unlit.
( 2 ) Devices must be operated with no visible emissions, except for periods not to exceed a total of 1 minute during any 15-minute period. A visible emissions test conducted according to section 11 of Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part, must be performed at least once every calendar month, separated by at least 15 days between each test. The observation period shall be 15 minutes or once the amount of time visible emissions is present has exceeded 1 minute, whichever time period is less. Alternatively, you may conduct visible emissions monitoring according to § 60.5417c(h).
( 3 ) Devices failing the visible emissions test must follow manufacturer's repair instructions, if available, or best combustion engineering practice as outlined in the unit inspection and maintenance plan, to return the unit to compliant operation. All repairs and maintenance activities for each unit must be recorded in a maintenance and repair log and must be available for inspection.
( 4 ) Following return to operation from maintenance or repair activity, each device must pass a Method 22 of appendix A-7 to this part visual observation as described in paragraph (e)(1)(vii)(D) of this section or be monitored according to § 60.5417c(h).
(B) For flares, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(B)( 1 ) through ( 6 ) of this section.
( 1 ) For unassisted flares, maintain the NHV of the gas sent to the flare at or above 200 Btu/scf.
( 2 ) If you use a pressure assisted flare, maintain the NHV of gas sent to the flare at or above 800 Btu/scf.
( 3 ) For steam-assisted and air-assisted flares, maintain the NHV cz at or above 270 Btu/scf.
( 4 ) For flares with perimeter assist air, maintain the NHV dil at or above 22 Btu/sqft. If the only assist air provided to the flare is perimeter assist air intentionally entrained in lower and/or upper steam at the flare tip and the effective diameter is 9 inches or greater, you are not required to comply with the NHV dil limit.
( 5 ) Unless you use a pressure-assisted flare, maintain the flare tip velocity below the applicable limits in § 60.18(b).
( 6 ) Maintain the total gas flow to the flare above the minimum inlet gas flow rate. The minimum inlet gas flow rate is established based on manufacturer recommendations.
(C) For enclosed combustion devices for which, during the performance test conducted under § 60.5413c(b), the combustion zone temperature is not an indicator of destruction efficiency, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(C)( 1 ) through ( 5 ) of this section, as applicable.
( 1 ) Maintain the total gas flow to the enclosed combustion device at or above the minimum inlet gas flow rate and at or below the maximum inlet flow rate for the enclosed combustion device established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f).
( 2 ) For unassisted enclosed combustion devices, maintain the NHV of the gas sent to the enclosed combustion device at or above 200 Btu/scf.
( 3 ) For enclosed combustion devices that use pressure-assisted burner tips to promote mixing at the burner tip, maintain the NHV of the gas sent to the enclosed combustion device at or above 800 Btu/scf.
( 4 ) For steam-assisted and air-assisted enclosed combustion devices, maintain the NHV cz at or above 270 Btu/scf.
( 5 ) For enclosed combustion devices with perimeter assist air, maintain the NHV dil at or above 22 Btu/sqft. If the only assist air provided to the enclosed combustion device is perimeter assist air intentionally entrained in lower and/or upper steam at the flare tip and the effective diameter is 9 inches or greater, you are not required to comply with the NHV dil limit.
(D) For enclosed combustion devices for which, during the performance test conducted under § 60.5413c(b), the combustion zone temperature is demonstrated to be an indicator of destruction efficiency, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(vii)(D)( 1 ) and ( 2 ) of this section.
( 1 ) Maintain the temperature at or above the minimum temperature established during the most recent performance test. The minimum temperature limit established during the most recent performance test is the average temperature recorded during each test run, averaged across the 3 test runs (average of the test run averages).
( 2 ) Maintain the total gas flow to the enclosed combustion device at or above the minimum inlet gas flow rate and at or below the maximum inlet flow rate for the enclosed combustion device established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f).
(E) For catalytic vapor incinerators you must operate the catalytic vapor incinerator at or above the minimum temperature of the catalyst bed inlet and at or above the minimum temperature differential between the catalyst bed inlet and the catalyst bed outlet established in accordance with § 60.5417c(f).
(viii) If you use a carbon adsorption system as the control device to meet the requirements of § 60.5412c(a)(2), you must demonstrate compliance by the procedures in paragraphs (e)(1)(viii)(A) and (B) of this section, as applicable.
(A) If you use a regenerative-type carbon adsorption system, you must comply with paragraphs (e)(1)(viii)(A)( 1 ) through ( 4 ) of this section.
( 1 ) You must maintain the average regenerative mass flow or volumetric flow to the carbon adsorber during each bed regeneration cycle above the limit established in in accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2).
( 2 ) You must maintain the average carbon bed temperature above the temperature limit established in accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2) during the carbon bed steaming cycle and below the carbon bed temperature established in in accordance with § 60.5413c(c)(2) after the regeneration cycle.
( 3 ) You must check the mechanical connections for leakage at least every month, and you must perform a visual inspection at least every 3 months of all components of the continuous parameter monitoring system for physical and operational integrity and all electrical connections for oxidation and galvanic corrosion if your continuous parameter monitoring system is not equipped with a redundant flow sensor.
( 4 ) You must replace all carbon in the carbon adsorption system with fresh carbon on a regular, predetermined time interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established according to § 60.5413c(c)(2).
(B) If you use a nonregenerative-type carbon adsorption system, you must replace all carbon in the control device with fresh carbon on a regular, predetermined time interval that is no longer than the carbon service life established according to § 60.5413c(c)(3).
(ix) If you use a condenser as the control device to achieve the percent reduction performance requirements specified in § 60.5412c(a)(2), you must demonstrate compliance using the procedures in paragraphs (e)(1)(ix)(A) through (E) of this section.
(A) You must establish a site-specific condenser performance curve according to § 60.5417c(f)(2).
(B) You must calculate the daily average condenser outlet temperature in accordance with § 60.5417c(e).
(C) You must determine the condenser efficiency for the current operating day using the daily average condenser outlet temperature calculated under paragraph (e)(1)(ix)(B) of this section and the condenser performance curve established under paragraph (e)(1)(ix)(A) of this section.
(D) Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(1)(ix)(D)( 1 ) and ( 2 ) of this section, at the end of each operating day, you must calculate the 365-day rolling average TOC emission reduction, as appropriate, from the condenser efficiencies as determined in paragraph (e)(1)(ix)(C) of this section.
( 1 ) After the compliance dates specified in § 60.5387c, if you have less than 120 days of data for determining average TOC emission reduction, you must calculate the average TOC emission reduction for the first 120 days of operation after the compliance date. You have demonstrated compliance with the overall 95.0 percent reduction requirement if the 120-day average TOC emission reduction is equal to or greater than 95.0 percent.
( 2 ) After 120 days and no more than 364 days of operation after the compliance date specified in § 60.5387c, you must calculate the average TOC emission reduction as the TOC emission reduction averaged over the number of days between the current day and the applicable compliance date. You have demonstrated compliance with the overall 95.0 percent reduction requirement if the average TOC emission reduction is equal to or greater than 95.0 percent.
(E) If you have data for 365 days or more of operation, you have demonstrated compliance with the TOC emission reduction if the rolling 365-day average TOC emission reduction calculated in paragraph (e)(1)(ix)(D) of this section is equal to or greater than 95.0 percent.
(x) During each inspection conducted using an OGI camera under § 60.5397c and during each periodic screening event or each inspection conducted using an OGI camera under § 60.5398c, you must observe each enclosed combustion device and flare to determine if it is operating properly. You must determine whether there is a flame present and whether any uncontrolled emissions from the control device are visible with the OGI camera or the technique used to conduct the periodic screening event. During each inspection conducted under § 60.5397c using AVO, you must observe each enclosed combustion device and flare to determine if it is operating properly. Visually confirm that the pilot or combustion flame is lit and that the pilot or combustion flame is operating properly.
(xi) If you use an enclosed combustion device or flare using an alternative test method approved under § 60.5412c(d), you must comply with paragraphs (e)(1)(xi)(A) through (E) of this section.
(A) You must maintain the combustion efficiency at or above 95.0 percent. Alternatively, if the alternative test method does not directly monitor combustion efficiency, you must comply with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (e)(1)(xi)(A)( 1 ) and ( 2 ) of this section.
( 1 ) Maintain the NHV cz at or above 270 Btu/scf.
( 2 ) For flares or enclosed combustion devices with perimeter assist air, maintain the NHV dil at or above 22 Btu/sqft. If the only assist air provided to the flare or enclosed combustion device is perimeter assist air intentionally entrained in lower and/or upper steam at the flare tip and the effective diameter is 9 inches or greater, you are only required to comply with the NHV cz limit specified in paragraph (e)(1)(xi)(A)( 1 ) of this section.
(B) You must calculate the value of the applicable monitored metric(s) in accordance with the approved alternative test method. Compliance with the limit is achieved when the calculated values are within the range specified in paragraph (e)(1)(xi)(A) of this section.
(C) You must conduct monitoring using the alternative test method at all times the affected source is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, system accuracy audits and required zero and span adjustments). A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to complete monitoring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctions and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable.
(D) You may not use data recorded during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report values to demonstrate compliance with the limits specified in paragraph (e)(1)(xi)(A) of this section. You must use all the data collected during all other required data collection periods to assess the operation of the control device and associated control system.
(E) Failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements.
(2) You must maintain the records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(10) and (12).
(3) You must comply with the reporting requirements in § 60.5420c(b)(10) through (12).
(f) Reciprocating compressor designated facility. For each reciprocating compressor designated facility complying with § 60.5393c(a) through (c), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (f)(1), (3), (5), and (6) of this section. For each reciprocating compressor designated facility complying with § 60.5393c(d)(1) or (2), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (f)(2), (5), and (6) of this section. For each reciprocating compressor affected facility complying with § 60.5393c(d)(3), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (f)(3) through (6) of this section.
(1) You must maintain the volumetric flow rate at or below 2 scfm per cylinder (or at or below the combined volumetric flow rate determined by multiplying the number of cylinders by 2 scfm), and you must conduct the required volumetric flow rate measurement of your reciprocating compressor rod packing vents in accordance with § 60.5393c(b) or (c) on or before 8,760 hours of operation after your last volumetric flow rate measurement which demonstrated compliance with the applicable volumetric flow rate.
(2) You must operate the rod packing emissions collection system to route emissions to a control device or to a process through a closed vent system and continuously comply with the cover and closed vent requirements of § 60.5416c. If you comply with § 60.5393c(d) by using a control device, you also must comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section.
(3) You must continuously monitor the number of hours of operation for each reciprocating compressor affected facility since initial startup, since 60 days after the state plan submittal deadline (as specified in § 60.5362c(c)), since the previous flow rate measurement, or since the date of the most recent reciprocating compressor rod packing replacement, whichever date is latest.
(4) You must replace the reciprocating compressor rod packing on or before the total number of hours of operation reaches 8,760 hours.
(5) You must submit the annual reports as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1), (5), and (b)(10)(i) through (iv), as applicable.
(6) You must maintain records as required in § 60.5420c(c)(4), (7) through (9), and (11), as applicable.
(g) Process controller designated facility. To demonstrate continuous compliance with GHG emission standards for your process controller designated facility as required by § 60.5394c, you must comply with the paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must demonstrate that your process controller designated facility does not emit any methane to the atmosphere by meeting the requirements of paragraphs (g)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) If you comply by routing the emissions to a process, you must comply with the closed vent system inspection and monitoring requirements of § 60.5416c.
(ii) If you comply by using a self-contained natural gas-driven process controller, you must conduct the no identifiable emissions inspections required by § 60.5416c(b).
(2) For each process controller designated facility located at a site in Alaska that does not have access to electrical power, and that complies by reducing methane emissions from all controllers in the process controller designated facility by 95.0 percent in accordance with § 60.5494c(b)(3), you must comply with comply with the closed vent requirements of § 60.5416c and the requirements in paragraph (e) of this section for the control device.
(3) You must submit the annual report for your process controller as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1), (6), and (10) through (12), as applicable.
(4) You must maintain the records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(5), (7), (9), and (11) for each process controller designated facility, as applicable.
(h) Storage vessel designated facility. For each storage vessel designated facility, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the requirements of § 60.5396c according to paragraphs (h)(1) through (10) of this section, as applicable.
(1) For each storage vessel designated facility complying with the requirements of § 60.5396c(a)(2), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (h)(5) and (h)(9) and (10) of this section.
(2) For each storage vessel designated facility complying with the requirements of § 60.5396c(a)(3), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to paragraphs (h)(2)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section, as applicable, and (h)(9) and (10) of this section.
(i) You must maintain the uncontrolled actual methane emissions from the storage vessel designated facility at less than 14 tpy.
(ii) You must comply with paragraph (h)(5) of this section as soon as liquids from the well are routed to the storage vessel designated facility following fracturing or refracturing according to the requirements of § 60.5396c(a)(3)(i).
(iii) You must comply with paragraph (h)(5) of this section within 30 days of the monthly determination according to the requirements of § 60.5396c(a)(3)(ii), where the monthly emissions determination indicates that methane emissions from your storage vessel designated facility increase to 14 tpy or greater and the increase is not associated with fracturing or refracturing of a well feeding the storage vessel designated facility.
(3) For each storage vessel designated facility or portion of a storage vessel designated facility removed from service, you must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of § 60.5396c(c)(1) or (2) by complying with paragraphs (h)(6), (7), (9), and (10) of this section.
(4) For each storage vessel designated facility or portion of a storage vessel designated facility returned to service, you must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of § 60.5396c(c)(3) and (4) by complying with paragraphs (h)(8) through (10) of this section.
(5) For each storage vessel designated facility, you must comply with paragraphs (h)(5)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) You must reduce methane emissions as specified in § 60.5396c(a)(2).
(ii) For each control device installed to meet the requirements of § 60.5396c(a)(2), you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the performance requirements of § 60.5412c for each storage vessel designated facility using the procedure specified in paragraph (h)(5)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section. When routing emissions to a process, you must demonstrate continuous compliance as specified in paragraph (h)(5)(ii)(A) of this section.
(A) You must comply with § 60.5416c for each cover and closed vent system.
(B) You must comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (e) of this section.
(6) You must completely empty and degas each storage vessel, such that each storage vessel no longer contains crude oil, condensate, produced water or intermediate hydrocarbon liquids. For a portion of a storage vessel designated facility to be removed from service, you must completely empty and degas the storage vessel(s), such that the storage vessel(s) no longer contains crude oil, condensate, produced water or intermediate hydrocarbon liquids. A storage vessel where liquid is left on walls, as bottom clingage or in pools due to floor irregularity is considered to be completely empty.
(7) You must disconnect the storage vessel(s) from the tank battery by isolating the storage vessel(s) from the tank battery such that the storage vessel(s) is no longer manifolded to the tank battery by liquid or vapor transfer.
(8) You must determine the designated facility status of a storage vessel returned to service as provided in § 60.5386c(e)(5).
(9) You must submit the annual reports as required by § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (7) and (b)(10)(i) through (iv).
(10) You must maintain the records as required by § 60.5420c(c)(6) through (9) and (11), as applicable.
(i) Process unit equipment designated facility. For each process unit equipment designated facility, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the requirements of § 60.5400c according to paragraphs (i)(1) through (4) and (11) through (15) of this section, unless you meet and comply with the exception in § 60.5402c(b), (e), or (f) or meet the exemption in § 60.5402c(c). Alternatively, if you comply with the GHG standards for process unit designated facilities using the standards in § 60.5401c, you must comply with paragraphs (i)(5) through (15) of this section, unless you meet the exemption in § 60.5402c(b) or (c) or the exception in § 60.5402c(e) and (f).
(1) You must conduct monitoring for each pump in light liquid service, pressure relief device in gas/vapor service, valve in gas/vapor and light liquid service and connector in gas/vapor and light liquid service as required by § 60.5400c(b).
(2) You must conduct monitoring as required by § 60.5400c(c) for each pump in light liquid service.
(3) You must conduct monitoring as required by § 60.5400c(d) for each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service.
(4) You must comply with the equipment requirements for each open-ended valve or line as required by § 60.5400c(e).
(5) You must conduct monitoring for each pump in light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(b).
(6) You must conduct monitoring for each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service as required by § 60.5401c(c).
(7) You must comply with the equipment requirements for each open-ended valve or line as required by § 60.5401c(d).
(8) You must conduct monitoring for each valve in gas/vapor or light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(f).
(9) You must conduct monitoring for each pump, valve, and connector in heavy liquid service and each pressure relief device in light liquid or heavy liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(g).
(10) You must conduct monitoring for each connector in gas/vapor or light liquid service as required by § 60.5401c(h).
(11) You must collect emissions and meet the closed vent system requirements as required by § 60.5416c for each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that degasses the barrier fluid reservoir to a process or a control device, each pump which captures and transports leakage from the seal or seals to a process or control device, or each pressure relief device which captures and transports leakage through the pressure relief device to a process or control device.
(12) You must comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (e) of this section.
(13) You must tag and repair each identified leak as required in § 60.5400c(h) or § 60.5401c(i), as applicable.
(14) You must submit semiannual reports as required by § 60.5422c and the annual reports in § 60.5420c(b)(10)(i) through (iv), as applicable.
(15) You must maintain the records specified by § 60.5420c(c)(7), (c)(9), and (c)(11) as applicable and § 60.5421c.
(j) Continuous compliance. For each fugitive emissions components designated facility, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the requirements of § 60.5397c(a) according to paragraphs (j)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must conduct periodic monitoring surveys as required in § 60.5397c(e) and (g).
(2) You must repair each identified source of fugitive emissions as required in § 60.5397c(h).
(3) You must submit annual reports for fugitive emissions components designated facilities as required in § 60.5420c(b)(1) and (8).
(4) You must maintain records as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(13).
§ 60.5416c   What are the initial and continuous cover and closed vent system inspection and monitoring requirements?
For each closed vent system and cover at your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, process controller, pump, storage vessel, and process unit equipment designated facilities, you must comply with the applicable requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. Each self-contained natural gas process controller must comply with paragraph (b) of this section.
(a) Inspections for closed vent systems, covers, and bypass devices. If you install a control device or route emissions to a process, you must inspect each closed vent system according to the procedures and schedule specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section, inspect each cover according to the procedures and schedule specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section, and inspect each bypass device according to the procedures of paragraph (a)(4) of this section, except as provided in paragraphs (b)(7) and (8) of this section.
(1) For each closed vent system joint, seam, or other connection that is permanently or semi-permanently sealed ( e.g., a welded joint between two sections of hard piping or a bolted and gasketed ducting flange), you must meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the test methods and procedures specified in paragraph (b) of this section to demonstrate that the closed vent system operates with no identifiable emissions within the first 30 calendar days after routing emissions through the closed vent system.
(ii) Conduct annual visual inspections for defects that could result in air emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks, holes, or gaps in piping; loose connections; liquid leaks; or broken or missing caps or other closure devices. You must monitor a component or connection using the test methods and procedures in paragraph (b) of this section to demonstrate that it operates with no identifiable emissions following any time the component is repaired or replaced or the connection is unsealed.
(iii) Conduct AVO inspections in accordance with and at the same frequency as specified for fugitive emissions components designated facilities located at the same type of site as specified in § 60.5397c(g). Process unit equipment designated facilities must conduct annual AVO inspections concurrent with the inspections required by paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(2) For closed vent system components other than those specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, you must meet the requirements of paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the test methods and procedures specified in paragraph (b) of this section within the first 30 calendars days after routing emissions through the closed vent system to demonstrate that the closed vent system operates with no identifiable emissions.
(ii) Conduct inspections according to the test methods, procedures, and frequencies specified in paragraph (b) of this section to demonstrate that the components or connections operate with no identifiable emissions.
(iii) Conduct annual visual inspections for defects that could result in air emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks, holes, or gaps in ductwork; loose connections; liquid leaks; or broken or missing caps or other closure devices. You must monitor a component or connection using the test methods and procedures in paragraph (b) of this section to demonstrate that it operates with no identifiable emissions following any time the component is repaired or replaced or the connection is unsealed.
(iv) Conduct AVO inspections in accordance with and at the same frequency as specified for fugitive emissions components designated facilities located at the same type of site, as specified in § 60.5397c(g). Process unit equipment designated facilities must conduct annual AVO inspections concurrent with the inspections required by paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section.
(3) For each cover, you must meet the requirements of paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) Conduct the inspections specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(ii) through (iv) of this section to identify defects that could result in air emissions and to ensure the cover operates with no identifiable emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks, holes, or gaps in the cover, or between the cover and the separator wall; broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged seals or gaskets on closure devices; and broken or missing hatches, access covers, caps, or other closure devices. In the case where the storage vessel is buried partially or entirely underground, you must inspect only those portions of the cover that extend to or above the ground surface, and those connections that are on such portions of the cover ( e.g., fill ports, access hatches, gauge wells, etc.) and can be opened to the atmosphere.
(ii) An initial inspection according to the test methods and procedures specified in paragraph (b) of this section, following installation of the cover to demonstrate that each cover operates with no identifiable emissions.
(iii) Conduct AVO inspections in accordance with and at the same frequency as specified for fugitive emissions components designated facilities located at the same type of site as specified in § 60.5397b(g). Process unit equipment designated facilities must conduct annual AVO inspections concurrent with the inspections required by paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(iv) Inspections according to the test methods, procedures, and schedules specified in paragraph (b) of this section to demonstrate that each cover operates with no identifiable emissions.
(4) For each bypass device, except as provided for in § 60.5411c(a)(4)(ii), you must meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(4)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) Set the flow indicator to take a reading at least once every 15 minutes at the inlet to the bypass device that could divert the stream away from the control device and to the atmosphere.
(ii) If the bypass device valve installed at the inlet to the bypass device is secured in the non-diverting position using a car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration, visually inspect the seal or closure mechanism at least once every month to verify that the valve is maintained in the non-diverting position and the vent stream is not diverted through the bypass device.
(b) No identifiable emissions test methods and procedures. If you are required to conduct an inspection of a closed vent system and cover as specified in paragraph (a)(1), (2), or (3) of this section or § 60.5398c(b), you must meet the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (9) of this section. You must meet the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1), (2), (4), and (9) of this section for each self-contained process controller at your process controller designated facility as specified at § 60.5394c(a)(2).
(1) Initial and periodic inspection. You must conduct initial and periodic no identifiable emissions inspections as specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable.
(i) You must conduct inspections for no identifiable emissions from your closed vent systems and covers at your well, centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor, process controller, pump, or storage vessel designated facility, using the procedures for conducting OGI inspections in § 60.5397c(c)(7). As an alternative you may conduct inspections in accordance with Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part. Monitoring must be conducted at the same frequency as specified for fugitive emissions components designated facilities located at the same type of site, as specified in § 60.5397c(g).
(ii) For closed vent systems and covers located at onshore natural gas processing plants, OGI inspections for no identifiable emissions must be conducted initially and bimonthly in accordance with appendix K to this part. As an alternative you must conduct quarterly inspections for no identifiable emissions in accordance with Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(iii) For your self-contained process controller, you must conduct initial and quarterly inspections for no identifiable emissions using the procedures for conducting OGI inspections in § 60.5397c(c)(7). As an alternative you may conduct quarterly inspections in accordance with Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(2) OGI inspection. Where OGI is used, the closed vent system, cover, or self-contained process controller is determined to operate with no identifiable emissions if no emissions are imaged during the inspection. Emissions imaged by OGI constitute a deviation of the no identifiable emissions standard until an OGI inspection conducted in accordance with this paragraph (b)(2) of this section determines that the closed vent system, cover, or self-contained process controller, as applicable, operates with no identifiable emissions.
(3) AVO inspection. Where AVO inspections are required, the closed vent system or cover is determined to operate with no identifiable emissions if no emissions are detected by AVO. Emissions detected by AVO constitute a deviation of the no identifiable emissions standard until an AVO inspection determines that the closed vent system or cover operates with no identifiable emissions.
(4) Method 21 inspection. Where Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part is used for the inspection, the requirements of paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (vii) of this section apply.
(i) The detection instrument must meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part, except that the instrument response factor criteria in section 8.1.1 of Method 21 must be for the average composition of the fluid and not for each individual organic compound in the stream.
(ii) You must calibrate the detection instrument before use on each day of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(iii) Calibration gases must be as specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(iii)(A) and (B) of this section.
(A) Zero air (less than 10 parts per million by volume hydrocarbon in air).
(B) A mixture of methane in air at a concentration less than 500 ppmv.
(iv) You may choose to adjust or not adjust the detection instrument readings to account for the background organic concentration level. If you choose to adjust the instrument readings for the background level, you must determine the background level value according to the procedures in Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part.
(v) Your detection instrument must meet the performance criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(v)(A) and (B) of this section.
(A) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4)(v)(B) of this section, the detection instrument must meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of appendix A-7 to this part, except the instrument response factor criteria in section 8.1.1 of Method 21 must be for the average composition of the process fluid, not each individual volatile organic compound in the stream. For process streams that contain nitrogen, air, or other inerts that are not organic hazardous air pollutants or volatile organic compounds, you must calculate the average stream response factor on an inert-free basis.
(B) If no instrument is available that will meet the performance criteria specified in paragraph (b)(4)(v)(A) of this section, you may adjust the instrument readings by multiplying by the average response factor of the process fluid, calculated on an inert-free basis, as described in paragraph (b)(4)(v)(A) of this section.
(vi) You must determine if a potential leak interface operates with no identifiable emissions, as applicable, using the applicable procedure specified in paragraph (b)(4)(vi)(A) or (B) of this section.
(A) If you choose not to adjust the detection instrument readings for the background organic concentration level, then you must directly compare the maximum organic concentration value measured by the detection instrument to the applicable value for the potential leak interface as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(vii) of this section.
(B) If you choose to adjust the detection instrument readings for the background organic concentration level, you must compare the value of the arithmetic difference between the maximum organic concentration value measured by the instrument and the background organic concentration value as determined in paragraph (b)(4)(iv) of this section with the applicable value for the potential leak interface as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(vii) of this section.
(vii) A closed vent system, cover, or self-contained process controller is determined to operate with no identifiable emissions if the organic concentration value determined in paragraph (b)(4)(vi) of this section is less than 500 ppmv. An organic concentration value determined in paragraph (b)(4)(vi) of this section of greater than or equal to 500 ppmv constitutes a deviation of the no identifiable emissions standard until an inspection conducted in accordance with this paragraph (b)(4) of this section determines that the closed vent system, cover, or self-contained process controller, as applicable, operates with no identifiable emissions.
(5) Repairs. Whenever emissions or a defect is detected, you must repair the emissions or defect as soon as practicable according to the requirements of paragraphs (b)(5)(i) through (iii) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
(i) A first attempt at repair must be made no later than 5 calendar days after the emissions or defect is detected.
(ii) Repair must be completed no later than 30 calendar days after the emissions or defect is detected.
(iii) For covers, grease or another substance compatible with the gasket material must be applied to deteriorating or cracked gaskets to improve the seal while awaiting repair.
(6) Delay of repair. Delay of repair of a closed vent system or cover for which emissions or defects have been detected is allowed if the repair is technically infeasible without a shutdown, or if you determine that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be greater than the emissions likely to result from delay of repair. You must complete repair of such equipment by the end of the next shutdown.
(7) Unsafe to inspect requirements. You may designate any parts of the closed vent system or cover as unsafe to inspect if the requirements of paragraphs (b)(7)(i) and (ii) of this section are met. Unsafe to inspect parts are exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(i) You determine that the equipment is unsafe to inspect because inspecting personnel would be exposed to an imminent or potential danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs (a)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.
(ii) You have a written plan that requires inspection of the equipment as frequently as practicable during safe-to-inspect times.
(8) Difficult to inspect requirements. You may designate any parts of the closed vent system or cover as difficult to inspect if the requirements of paragraphs (b)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section are met. Difficult to inspect parts are exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(i) You determine that the equipment cannot be inspected without elevating the inspecting personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface.
(ii) You have a written plan that requires inspection of the equipment at least once every 5 years.
(9) Records and reports. You must maintain records of all inspection results as specified in § 60.5420c(c)(7) through (9). You must submit the reports as specified in § 60.5420c(b)(10).